DOCSLIB.ORG

171 Cote Divoire

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
171 Cote Divoire CÔTE D’IVOIRE: IS WAR THE ONLY OPTION? Africa Report N°171 – 3 March 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 II. DECIPHERING A DISASTER ........................................................................................ 3 A. WHO WON? THE ELECTORATE’S VERDICT AND THE CONSTITUTIONAL COUNCIL’S CHOICE ........ 3 B. A CONSTITUTIONAL AND MILITARY COUP ................................................................................... 6 III. THE BALANCE OF FORCES AND POSSIBLE SCENARIOS ................................ 10 A. STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THE TWO RIVALS ................................................................. 10 B. THE SCOPE FOR INFLUENCE BY EXTERNAL AFRICAN ACTORS ................................................... 12 C. SOMBRE PROSPECTS .................................................................................................................. 14 1. Deterioration, division and decline ............................................................................................ 14 2. Civil war .................................................................................................................................... 15 3. A social crisis and popular insurrection with unpredictable political consequences ................. 16 IV. TO PREVENT THE DISINTEGRATION OF CÔTE D’IVOIRE ............................ 18 A. A CHANGE OF ATTITUDE IS REQUIRED AT UNOCI .................................................................... 18 B. MAINTAIN SANCTIONS AND BUILD A UNITED AFRICAN FRONT .................................................. 20 C. PROPOSE AN AGREEMENT ON RECONCILIATION WITHOUT GBAGBO .......................................... 21 D. DEPLOY AN ECOWAS MILITARY MISSION ............................................................................... 22 V. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................ 24 APPENDICES A. MAP OF CÔTE D’IVOIRE ................................................................................................................... 25 B. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................. 26 C. DECISION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COUNCIL OF CÔTE D’IVOIRE .................................................... 27 Africa Report N°171 3 March 2011 CÔTE D’IVOIRE: IS WAR THE ONLY OPTION? EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS Côte d’Ivoire is on the verge of a new civil war between To secure its hold on power, the regime has accompanied the army loyal to the defiant Laurent Gbagbo, who refuses brazen manipulation of state institutions with a strategy of to acknowledge he lost the November 2010 presidential terror designed to brutally stifle any challenge from the election, and the “Forces nouvelles” (FN), the ex-insurgency coalition supporting Ouattara. According to the UN, the now supporting the winner, Alassane Ouattara. The vote human toll already exceeds 300 dead, in addition to dozens should have ended eight years of crisis, but Gbagbo, of rapes and an unknown number of abductions and dis- staged a constitutional coup and resorted to violence to appearances by security forces. keep power. The result is a serious threat to peace, security and stability in all West Africa. The African community Gbagbo’s power grab was clearly premeditated. He de- should not be influenced by the support that Gbagbo en- clared a curfew on the eve of the run-off, a forerunner of the joys from a part of the population that has been frightened lockdown on Abidjan, the centre of power; recalled from by the ultra-nationalist propaganda and threats of chaos of the northern and central regions for no reason before the a militant minority. It must act decisively, not least to de- voting ended 1,500 soldiers whom he had deployed by fend the principle of democratic elections, but key countries decree to maintain electoral security; and obstructed the show signs of dangerous disunity. Any proposal to endorse work of the independent electoral commission (Commis- Gbagbo’s presidency, even temporarily, would be a mis- sion électorale indépendante, CEI). Having campaigned take. His departure is needed to halt a return to war. on the slogan “we win or we win”, he and his inner circle had no intention of relinquishing the presidency, regard- The November election was intended as the culmination of less of the vote count. Driven by a political mysticism a painstaking peace process that began after the September that blends nationalist discourse, virility and religiosity, 2002 rebellion and was endorsed by many agreements, Gbagbo is relying primarily on blackmail and targeted the latest being the Ouagadougou Political Agreement violence against civilians perceived as Ouattara support- (OPA) of March 2007. Gbagbo, like all other candidates, ers to remain president, even if his authority is unlikely to took part in the election on the basis of a series of compro- extend beyond the country’s southern third. mises reached on all aspects of organisation and security. The international community needs to realise that the ille- There is no doubt Ouattara won the run-off. The candi- gitimate president is prepared to fight to the end, even if it date of the Union of Houphouetists for Democracy and means throwing Côte d’Ivoire into anarchy and economic Peace (Rassemblement des Houphouétistes pour la démoc- disaster. If he succeeds, he will take with him all hope of ratie et la paix, RHDP) had a greater than 350,000-vote good neighbourly relations, stability and economic pro- margin over Gbagbo’s The Presidential Majority (La ma- gress in West Africa. Apart from the need to respect the jorité présidentielle, LMP) in a credible election certified will of Ivorians, the stakes include the security and well by the UN, as provided for in the agreement Gbagbo him- being of millions in the region and whether peaceful, self signed in 2005 and that several UN Security Council democratic transfer of power is to be safeguarded on a resolutions confirmed. In an attempt to reverse the result, continent where eleven elections are scheduled in 2011. however, the Constitutional Council – the country’s high- Neither Gbagbo’s obsession with power nor Ouattara’s est court but entirely controlled by the Gbagbo camp – presidential ambition can justify the potential costs. But claimed to have discovered widespread violence and fraud while the one made a decision that was accompanied by a – largely imaginary – in seven departments of the north- campaign of terror he knew would bring his country to ern and central regions where Gbagbo had received less the brink of civil war, the other won a fair election with than 10 per cent of the votes in the first round. It thus the support of a political and social coalition that is more cancelled more than 660,000 second-round votes, enough representative of the country’s diversity. to raise his total from 45.5 per cent to 51.4 per cent. Côte d’Ivoire: Is War the Only Option? Crisis Group Africa Report N°171, 3 March 2011 Page ii The African Union (AU) panel of five heads of state – rep- To outgoing President Laurent Gbagbo: resenting each region of the continent – seeks a peaceful solution to the crisis but is in dangerous disagreement. 2. Accept electoral defeat, step down and do not oppose The AU, the Economic Community of West African States an LMP-RHDP dialogue for an agreement that could (ECOWAS) and the UN have all recognised Ouattara as also guarantee you a dignified exit and personal safety. president-elect and asked Gbagbo to leave. South Africa, supported by Angola, however, has put forward power- To Prime Minister and Defence Minister sharing proposals that are dangerous because they con- Guillaume Soro: tradict the original African consensus. Their positions on a crisis whose complexity they appear not to have fully 3. Instruct the Forces nouvelles to respect the ceasefire grasped are compromising their credibility on the conti- throughout the country. nent and beyond and undermining trust between ECOWAS and the AU. Gbagbo is the undisputed sole architect of To former President Henri Konan Bédié, Côte d’Ivoire’s desperate situation. That and the need to member of the RHDP: achieve the installation of Ouattara must be the fundamen- 4. Reaffirm full support for President Ouattara and par- tal starting points of the search for a successful strategy ticipate in the negotiation of a political agreement for and implementing tactics. national reconciliation. The most likely scenario in the coming months is armed conflict involving massive violence against civilians, Ivorian To the Chief of General Staff of the Army and foreign alike, that could provoke unilateral military (FDS-CI), the Chief of Staff and Commanders of intervention by neighbours, starting with Burkina Faso. the Forces nouvelles (FAFN) and Commanders It is ECOWAS territory, not southern Africa, that faces a of All Other Military Forces: serious threat. The regional organisation must reclaim the 5. Recall they will be held responsible for serious crimes responsibility for political and military management of the committed by their forces, including crimes against crisis, with unequivocal AU and UN support. Meanwhile, humanity, war crimes and other violations of interna- Ouattara should take
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Respondus Lockdown Browser & Monitor Remote Proctoring Is Available, but Not Recommended. Please Consider Alternative Assess
    Respondus Lockdown Browser & Monitor Remote proctoring is available, but not recommended. Please consider alternative assessment strategies. If you absolutely cannot use alternatives, and want to move forward using Respondus Lockdown Browser, here are some aspects to consider to minimize the impact to your students: Definitions: • Respondus Lockdown Browser is an internet browser downloaded and installed by students, which locks down the computer on which they are taking the test so that students cannot open other applications or web pages. Lockdown Browser does not monitor or record student activity. • Respondus Monitor is an instructor-enabled feature of Respondus Lockdown Browser, which uses the students’ webcams to record video and audio of the exam environment. It also records the students’ computer screens. Instructors can view these recordings after the exam session is over. Considerations: • If Respondus Monitor is enabled, students must have a webcam to take the test. Be aware that many of your students may not have access to a webcam. You will need to offer an alternative assessment for students who do not have a webcam. o Students may not be asked to purchase a webcam for these exams, unless one was required as an initial expectation for the course. Requiring the purchase of additional materials not specified in the class description or original syllabus opens up a host of concerns, including but not limited to: student financial aid and ability to pay, grade appeals, and departmental policies. • Both Respondus Lockdown Browser and Respondus Monitor require a Windows or Mac computer. iPads require a specialized app, and are not recommended.
    [Show full text]
  • Hospital Lockdown Guidance
    Hospital Lockdown: A Framework for NHSScotland Strategic Guidance for NHSScotland June 2010 Hospital Lockdown: A Framework for NHSScotland Strategic Guidance for NHSScotland Contents Page 1. Introduction..........................................................................................5 2. Best Practice and relevant Legislation and Regulation ...................7 2.1 Best Practice............................................................................7 2.8 Relevant legislation and regulation ..........................................8 3. Lockdown Definition ..........................................................................9 3.1 Definition of site/building lockdown...........................................9 3.4 Partial lockdown .......................................................................9 3.5 Portable lockdown ..................................................................10 3.6 Progressive/incremental lockdown .........................................10 3.8 Full lockdown..........................................................................11 4. Developing a lockdown profile.........................................................12 4.3 Needs Analysis ......................................................................13 4.4 Critical asset profile................................................................14 4.9 Risk Management ..................................................................14 4.10 Threat and hazard assessment..............................................14 4.13 Lockdown threat
    [Show full text]
  • Hospital Lockdown Resources
    ASPR TRACIE Technical Assistance Request Request Receipt Date (by ASPR TRACIE): 14 January 2020 Response Date: 22 January 2020 Type of TA Request: Standard Request: The requestor asked for references, procedures, checklists, and plans related to a hospital lockdown. Response: A variety of incidents could necessitate a hospital implementing lockdown procedures, including active shooter incidents, hostage situations, patients/visitors/staff exhibiting threatening behavior, child abductions, and threats exterior to the facility, among others. ASPR TRACIE reviewed existing resources, including those in the Active Shooter and Explosives, Responder Safety and Health, and Workplace Violence Topic Collections, for examples related to hospital lockdowns. Previous technical assistance requests were also reviewed. ASPR TRACIE also searched for general information on lockdowns. Section I includes resources related to active shooter, hostage-taking, and other potentially violent incidents that include information on hospital lockdowns. Section II includes resources that are specifically focused on hospital lockdowns. I. Resources That Include Information on Hospital Lockdowns NOTE: The resources listed in Section I are checklists, templates, plans, and other written documents. The Topic Collections linked earlier in this response also include several videos demonstrating behaviors, including lockdown actions, that may be helpful to incorporate in training programs, scenario development, or other planning efforts. However, those videos are not listed in this Section. ASPR TRACIE. (2019). ASPR TRACIE-Developed Active Shooter Resources, and "Secure- Preserve-Fight" Model Articles. This ASPR TRACIE TA response provides links to ASPR TRACIE-developed resources specific to healthcare active shooter incidents. It also includes published articles related to the concept of a “secure-preserve-fight” model.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of Lockdown on COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality in China: an Interrupted Time Series Study
    Title: Impact of lockdown on COVID-19 incidence and mortality in China: an interrupted time series study. Alexandre Medeiros de Figueiredo1, Antonio Daponte Codina2, Daniela Cristina Moreira Marculino Figueiredo3, Marc Saez4, and Andrés Cabrera León2 1 Universidade Federal da Paraiba e Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 2 Escuela Andaluza de Salud Publica 3 Universidade Federal da Paraíba 4 Universitat de Girona y Ciber of Epidemiolgy and Public Health Correspondence to : Alexandre Medeiros de Figueiredo (email: [email protected]) (Submitted: 4 April 2020 – Published online: 6 April 2020) DISCLAIMER This paper was submitted to the Bulletin of the World Health Organization and was posted to the COVID-19 open site, according to the protocol for public health emergencies for international concern as described in Vasee Moorthy et al. (http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.20.251561). The information herein is available for unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited as indicated by the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organizations licence (CC BY IGO 3.0). RECOMMENDED CITATION Medeiros de Figueiredo A, Daponte Codina A, Moreira Marculino Figueiredo DC, Saez M & Cabrera León A. Impact of lockdown on COVID-19 incidence and mortality in China: an interrupted time series study. [Preprint]. Bull World Health Organ. E-pub: 6 April 2020. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.20.256701 Abstract Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of strict social distancing measures applied in China in reducing the incidence and mortality from COVID-19 in two Chinese provinces. Methods: We assessed incidence and mortality rates in Hubei and Guangdong before and after the lockdown period in cities in Hubei.
    [Show full text]
  • Fight, Flight Or Lockdown Edited
    Fight, Flight or Lockdown: Dorn & Satterly 1 Fight, Flight or Lockdown - Teaching Students and Staff to Attack Active Shooters could Result in Decreased Casualties or Needless Deaths By Michael S. Dorn and Stephen Satterly, Jr., Safe Havens International. Since the Virginia Tech shooting in 2007, there has been considerable interest in an alternative approach to the traditional lockdown for campus shooting situations. These efforts have focused on incidents defined by the United States Department of Education and the United States Secret Service as targeted acts of violence which are also commonly referred to as active shooter situations. This interest has been driven by a variety of factors including: • Incidents where victims were trapped by an active shooter • A lack of lockable doors for many classrooms in institutions of higher learning. • The successful use of distraction techniques by law enforcement and military tactical personnel. • A desire to see if improvements can be made on established approaches. • Learning spaces in many campus buildings that do not offer suitable lockable areas for the number of students and staff normally in the area. We think that the discussion of this topic and these challenges is generally a healthy one. New approaches that involve students and staff being trained to attack active shooters have been developed and have been taught in grades ranging from kindergarten to post secondary level. There are however, concerns about these approaches that have not, thus far, been satisfactorily addressed resulting in a hot debate about these concepts. We feel that caution and further development of these concepts is prudent. Developing trend in active shooter response training The relatively new trend in the area of planning and training for active shooter response for K-20 schools has been implemented in schools.
    [Show full text]
  • Coronavirus Lockdown Is a Living Hell
    Anonymous 1 Anonymous Sydney Brown English 120 4 April 2010 Coronavirus Lockdown Is a Living Hell As residents of Wuhan, China, my family and I are living in hell. The city has been locked down for more than a month. Every night before falling asleep I have been confronted by an unreal feeling and many questions: I know that coronavirus is the reason for the lockdown, but did life in Wuhan have to become a living hell? Why were we notified about the city lockdown at 2 a.m. on the second to last morning before the Lunar New Year? Why have I not been given any instructions from a government officer about how to cope when an entire city is on lockdown? Why do I feel so afraid? I'm nearly 30 years old, and my family members and I have devoted ourselves to our jobs to build a better life and we have largely succeeded. There's only a little more to do before we reach the level of middle class. But along the way, things did not go exactly as I'd hoped. I have been working hard in school since I was small. My dream was to become a journalist, and I passed the test to enter the best school for journalism in China. After school, I learned that government supervision of the media meant that telling the truth was not an option, so I gave up my dream and turned to another career. I kept telling myself that my hard work would Anonymous 2 reward me in my personal life.
    [Show full text]
  • Numéro 2 Juin 2017, ISSN 2521-2125
    ADMINISTRATION DE LA REVUE Direction Arsène DJAKO, Professeur à l'Université Alassane OUATTARA (UAO) Secrétariat de rédaction Joseph P. ASSI-KAUDJHIS, Maître de Conférences à l'UAO Konan KOUASSI, Maître-Assistant à l'UAO Dhédé Paul Eric KOUAME, Maître-Assistant à l'UAO Yao Jean-Aimé ASSUE, Maître-Assistant à l'UAO Zamblé Armand TRA BI, Maître-Assistant à l'UAO Kouakou Hermann Michel Kanga, à l’UAO Comité scientifique HAUHOUOT Asseypo Antoine, Professeur Titulaire, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny (Côte d'Ivoire) ALOKO N'Guessan Jérôme, Directeur de Recherches, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny (Côte d'Ivoire) AKIBODÉ Koffi Ayéchoro, Professeur Titulaire, Université de Lomé (Togo) BOKO Michel, Professeur Titulaire, Université Abomey-Calavi (Benin) ANOH Kouassi Paul, Professeur Titulaire, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny (Côte d'Ivoire) MOTCHO Kokou Henri, Professeur Titulaire, Université de Zinder (Niger) DIOP Amadou, Professeur Titulaire, Université Cheick Anta Diop (Sénégal) SOW Amadou Abdoul, Professeur Titulaire, Université Cheick Anta Diop (Sénégal) DIOP Oumar, Professeur Titulaire, Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis (Sénégal) WAKPONOU Anselme, Professeur HDR, Université de N'Gaoundéré (Cameroun) KOBY Assa Théophile, Maître de Conférences, UFHB (Côte d'Ivoire) SOKEMAWU Kudzo, Maître de Conférences, UL (Togo) 2 EDITORIAL Créée pour participer au développement de la région au Nord du "V baoulé", l’Université de Bouaké aujourd’hui dénommé Université Alassane OUATTARA a profondément été marquée par la longue crise militaro-politique qu’a connu notre pays et dont les effets restent encore gravés dans la mémoire collective. Les enseignants-chercheurs du Département de Géographie, à l’instar de leurs collègues des autres Départements et Facultés de l’Université Alassane OUATTARA, n'ont pas été épargnés par cette crise.
    [Show full text]
  • The Lockdown
    TEACHING TEACHING The New Jim Crow TOLERANCE LESSON 6 A PROJECT OF THE SOUTHERN POVERTY LAW CENTER TOLERANCE.ORG THE NEW JIM CROW by Michelle Alexander CHAPTER 2 The Lockdown We may think we know how the criminal justice system works. Television is overloaded with fictional dramas about police, crime, and prosecutors—shows such as Law & Order. A charismatic police officer, investigator, or prosecutor struggles with his own demons while heroically trying to solve a horrible crime. He ultimately achieves a personal and moral victory by finding the bad guy and throwing him in jail. That is the made-for-TV ver- sion of the criminal justice system. It perpetuates the myth that the primary function of the system is to keep our streets safe and our homes secure by BOOK rooting out dangerous criminals and punishing them. EXCERPT Those who have been swept within the criminal justice system know that the way the system actually works bears little resemblance to what happens on television or in movies. Full-blown trials of guilt or innocence rarely occur; many people never even meet with an attorney; witnesses are routinely paid and coerced by the government; police regularly stop and search people for no reason whatso- ever; penalties for many crimes are so severe that innocent people plead guilty, accepting plea bargains to avoid harsh mandatory sentences; and children, even as young as fourteen, are sent to adult prisons. In this chapter, we shall see how the system of mass incarceration actually works. Our focus is the War on Drugs. The reason is simple: Convictions for drug offenses are the single most Abridged excerpt important cause of the explosion in incarceration rates in the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • HUMOR in the AGE of COVID-19 LOCKDOWN: an EXPLORATIVE QUALITATIVE STUDY Patrizia Amici “Un Porto Per Noi Onlus” Association, Bergamo, Italy
    Psychiatria Danubina, 2020; Vol. 32, Suppl. 1, pp 15-20 Conference paper © Medicinska naklada - Zagreb, Croatia HUMOR IN THE AGE OF COVID-19 LOCKDOWN: AN EXPLORATIVE QUALITATIVE STUDY Patrizia Amici “Un porto per noi Onlus” Association, Bergamo, Italy SUMMARY Background: This study seeks to explore the use of humor during the period of isolation caused by lockdown measures imposed in Italy as a result of the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Subjects and method: The study is based on a non-clinical sample. The ad hoc questionnaire measures people’s readiness to search for, publish and distribute humorous material during lockdown. It investigates the intentions behind sending content via social media (WhatsApp or similar) and the emotions experienced on receiving such content. Results: The responses have been analyzed quantitatively, and using Excel’s IF function they have been analyzed qualitatively. In the present sample of 106 Italian respondents, searching for content was less common than publishing it (yes 44.34%, no 54.72%). Positive emotions were more frequently the motivation (total 61.32%). A high percentage sent amusing content via social media or SMS (79%). Responses demonstrating a desire to lessen the situation’s negative impact or a desire for cohesion were common. Receiving material was similarly associated with positive emotions and a sense of being close to others. Conclusions: humorous material appears to have served as a means of transmitting positive emotions, distancing oneself from negative events and finding cohesion. Key words: humor – lockdown - COVID 19 * * * * * INTRODUCTION we cannot control events can be considered traumatic or critical, then it is entirely appropriate to include (the In March 2020, the World Health Organization effects of) lockdown in these categories.
    [Show full text]
  • Linking Social Capital to Therapeutic Practices in Korhogo, Côte D'ivoire
    ISSN 1712-8056[Print] Canadian Social Science ISSN 1923-6697[Online] Vol. 17, No. 1, 2021, pp. 91-97 www.cscanada.net DOI:10.3968/12117 www.cscanada.org Linking Social Capital to Therapeutic Practices in Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire Adiko Adiko Francis[a],*; Ymba Maïmouna[b]; Esso Lasme Jean Charles Emmanuel[c]; Yéo Soungari[d]; Tra Bi Boli Francis[e] [a] Researcher in sociology of health, Centre Ivoirien de Recherches resources” dimensions compared to just over two-thirds Economiques et Sociales (CIRES), Université Félix Houphouët- (69.2%) for those relating to financial resources. Modern Boigny, 08 BP 1295 Abidjan 08; Associated researcher, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire (CSRS), 01 BP 1303 Abidjan medicine (36.1%) and traditional medicine (32.8%) 01, Côte d’Ivoire; are the most dominant in the region. The majority of [b] Teacher-researcher in geography, Institut de Géographie Tropicale households (83.0%) are led to opt for a therapeutic practice (IGT), Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BP V 34 Abidjan 01, following discussions with the members of their networks. Côte d’Ivoire; [c] Teacher-researcher in demography, Institut de Géographie Tropicale However, the human, material and financial dimensions (IGT), Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BP V 34 Abidjan 01, of social capital have little influence on the choice of Côte d’Ivoire; Associated researcher, Centre Suisse de Recherches therapeutic practices for households. All initiatives aimed Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire (CSRS), 01 BP 1303 Abidjan 01, Côte at strengthening solidarity are likely to contribute to d’Ivoire; [d] Teacher-researcher in educational sciences, Institut de Recherches, promoting the health and well-being of disadvantaged d’Expérimentation et d’Enseignement en Pédagogie (IREEP), Université households in situations of socio-political crises.
    [Show full text]
  • En En Motion for a Resolution
    European Parliament 2019-2024 Plenary sitting B9-0164/2021 3.3.2021 MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION further to Question for Oral Answer B9-XXXX/2021 pursuant to Rule 136(5) of the Rules of Procedure on children’s rights in view of the EU Strategy on the rights of the child (2021/2523(RSP)) Juan Fernando López Aguilar on behalf of the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs RE\1225996EN.docx PE689.035v01-00 EN United in diversityEN B9-0164/2021 European Parliament resolution on children’s rights in view of the EU Strategy on the rights of the child (2021/2523(RSP)) The European Parliament, – having regard to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child of 20 November 1989, – having regard to the General Comments of the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child1, – having regard to the UN Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children2, – having regard to the UN Global Study on Children Deprived of Liberty of July 2019, – having regard to the UN policy brief of 15 April 2020 entitled ‘The impact of COVID- 19 on children’, and to the positive response co-led by the EU and the Group of Latin American and Caribbean Countries (GRULAC) and signed by 173 countries, – having regard to the policy response of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) of 19 October 2020 entitled ‘What is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immigrants and their children?’, – having regard to the declaration of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe of 1 February 2012 on the rise of anti-Gypsyism and racist violence against Roma in Europe, – having regard to Article 3(3) and 3(5) of the Treaty on European Union, – having regard to the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, – having regard to Directive 2011/93/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child pornography3, – having regard to the EU directives on procedural rights4, 1 In particular, General Comment No.
    [Show full text]
  • Lessons from Lockdown the Possibilities of Immediate Change
    Lessons from Lockdown The possibilities of immediate change A case study report on rapid transition and the climate, ecological and economic emergencies The possibilities of immediate change 1 CONTENTS 2 Introduction: Pandemic lessons for the climate, 37 Unnecessary travel? The return of breathable ecological and economic emergency air and rethinking transport in a crisis Case studies 45 Culture cures - from passive consumers to active producers, how crisis restrictions open 6 When behaviour changes overnight - from opportunities for creative culture shifts staying-at-home, to smoke free air and switching sides of the road 52 How does your city grow? Lockdown illuminates urban farming and gardening’s potential 14 The great nature rebound - how nature steps up when people step back and both benefit 58 Rethinking work - the sudden end of the regular 9-to-5 working day? 21 Converting industry - how rapid transition happens in crises and upheavals 63 Conclusion: reset and building back better 29 Inspirational crisis-leadership by whole 64 Additional resources communities – goes way beyond heroic individuals 65 Endnotes Introduction: Pandemic lessons for the climate, ecological and economic emergency Key lessons • Pandemics reveal the ability of more sustainable behaviour – such governments to respond at speed as avoiding unnecessary travel and scale and rapidly shift economic – they could be encouraged to priorities to put public health and become the new norm, and made the public interest first. A clear part of the broader response to the understanding of risk can lead to climate emergency. much faster, coordinated responses to an emergency. When communicated • Pandemics and the threat of to the public it can explain and justify them change business-as-usual policy changes that otherwise might overnight.
    [Show full text]