AÇOREANA Revista de Estudos A oreanos AÇOREANA Revista de Estudos A oreanos
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CONTE DO=2=CONTENTS
+*= S5438478 ++= C4:3(.1=4+=U3.9&8=M&1&(414,.(&=,*+*8,*+- +,= S(.*39. =(=C422.=** +-= O7,&3.?&9.43=4+=9-*=C43,7*88=,*+- +/= W*1(42* +0= C43+*7*3(*=574,7&2 .3= P489*78=.3=9-=*2&9.(=47)*7 0-= A'897&(98=.3=9-*2&9.(=47)*7 -01= A:9-47=.3)*= -1/= A))7*88*8=4+=)*1*,&9*8 UNITAS MALACOLOGICA and the organizing committee of this World Congress of Malacology 2013 gratefully acknowledge the generosity of its sponsors who recognized the importance of this event in the areas of science and leisure The Rector of the University of the Azores, Prof. Jorge Manuel Rosa Medeiros The Secretary for Tourism and Transportation, Dr. Vtor Manuel cngelo de Fraga The Mayor of the Municipality of Ponta Delgada, Dr. Jos Manuel Bolieiro The Secretary for Education, Science and Culture, Prof. Luiz Manuel Fagundes Duarte The President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Ponta Delgada Prof. Mrio J. Amaral Fortuna The President of SATA Internacional Doutor Antnio M. Gomes de Menezes Funda o para a Cincia e a Tecnologia, Lisboa and also ZooKeys Taylor & Francis Oxford University Press The Malacological Society of London American Malacological Society Instituto Portugus de Malacologia Sociedad Espaola de Malacologia Cephalopod International Advisory Council
and the media of S o Miguel, who kindly conveyed to the population the scope of this meeting and the enthusiasm of its organizers Ctzshnq=tk=UNITAS=MALACOLOGICA ,*+*8,*+-
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T+_O0=:=ENVIRONMENTAL=IMPACTS=ON=THE=EVOLUTION=OF=METHANE=SEEP= +0a-*8 MOLLUSKS +0a/* S9*S=*3=K.*1
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*2a.*8 T+1_O+=:=HOX=AND=PARAHOX=GENE=EXPRESSION=DURING=DEVELOPMENT= OF=THE=TROCHID=GASTROPOD=GIBBULA=VARIAa==HOW= *3a** IDIOSYNCRATIC=ARE=MOLLUSCSë G*7-&7)=S9*.3*7`=L*>1.=S&2&).
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T+1_O1=:=SHELL=ORNAMENTATIONa=VARIX=FORMATION=AND=GROWTH= ++a+*8 IN=NUCELLA=LAMELLOSA=AND=CERATOSTOMA=FOLIATUM= ++a-* MURICIDAEa=GASTROPODA N.(41*=B=W*'89*7`=A_=R.N=&7)=P&12*7
T+1_O2=:=TESTING=A=MORPHOMETRIC=DISCRIMINATION=BETWEEN=TWO= SPECIES=CLUSTERS=BELONGING=TO=THE=PROTOBRANCH= ++a-*8 GENERA=LEDELLA=VERRILL=í=BUSH`=+231=AND=YOLDIELLA=VERRILL= ++a/* í=BUSH`=+231`=BASED=ON=HINGE=PLATE=CHARACTERS D.3.?=C477U&=P&43*=V.*,&8`=N&9&1.&=P*7*.7&=B*3&.2`=R.(&7)4=S.1;&=A'8&1D4=
T+1_O3=:=COMPARATIVE=ANATOMY=OF=THE=FASCIOLARIIDAE=PUSTULATIRUS= ++a/*8 OGUM=AND=HEMIPOLYGONA=BECKYAE=FROM=BRAZIL= +,a+* GASTROPODAa=NEOGASTROPODAa=PERISTERNIINAE D.4,4=R_=C4:94`=L:.?=R_=L_=S.243*`=A1*=&3)7*=D_=P.2*39& +,a+*8 T+1_O+*=:=GASTROENDOSCOPYa=AN=INSIDE=VIEW=OF=LIVE=GASTROPODS +,a-* J&3.(*=V419?4< +,a-*8 LUNCH +.a** Cmfnwa=G&7>=R48*3'*7,
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T+2_O2=:=PHYLOGENY=OF=THE=CAENOGASTROPODA=:=A=MORPHOLOGICAL= +0a/*8 PERSPECTIVE +1a+* L:.?=R.(&7)4=L_=S.243*
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T+3_O-=:=EFFECT=OF=TEMPERATURE=ON=EMBRYONIC=DEVELOPMENT=OF= +.a.*8 THE=MARINE=GASTROPOD=CHARONIA=SEGUENZAE=ARADAS=í= +/a** BENOIT`=+21* C-7.8&=K_=D4=&`=A85&8.&=S9*7.49.`=P&8(&1=D.;&3&(-`=M&74:).4=K*394:7
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T+3_O/==:=+2O=AND=+-C=RECORD=OF=VIVIPARUS=DILUVIANUS=KUNTH= +/a,*8 SHELLS=FROM=HOLSTEINIAN=DEPOSITS=AT=ORTEL=KRÓLEWSKI= +/a.* AND=SZYMANOWO`=EASTERN=POLAND M&7(.3=S?>2&3*0 +/a.*8 COFFEE=BREAK +0a+* ., AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
Cmfnwa=I3,&=R*.(-
+0a+*8 T,*_O+=:=DONT=MISS=THE=TRAITìa=THE=IMPORTANCE=OF=CONSIDERING= BIOLOGICAL=TRAITS=FOR=A=BETTER=UNDERSTANDING=OF= +0a-* BENTHIC=ASSEMBLAGES F*73&3)4=A3*.748`=J:&3=M47*.7&`=J*808=S_=T743(484
T,*_O,=:=GEOMALACUS=MACULOSUSa=WHY=IS=THIS=LUSITANIAN=SLUG= SPECIES=THRIVING=IN=A=COMMERCIAL=FORESTRY=PLANTATION= +0a-*8 ,**KM=NORTH=OF=ITS=PREVIOUSLY=KNOWN=DISTRIBUTIONë +0a/* I3,&=R*.(-`=K.2=OM*&7&`=R47>=M(=D433*11`=C.3)>=S2.9-`=M.0*= G472&11>
T,*_O-=:=MOVEMENTS=OF=THE=EUROPEAN=FLAT=OYSTER=OSTREA=EDULIS= +0a/*8 LINNAEUS`=+1/2 +1a+* C&88=B7421*>`=E1.?&'*9-=C1&7*=A8-943`=D&.=R4'*798
T,*_O.=:=WASTE=RECYCLINGa=POTENTIALS=OF=RICE=BRAN=IN=CULTIVATION= +1a+*8 OF=AFRICAN=GIANT=LAND=SNAIL=ARCHACHATINA=MARGINATA== +1a-* PULMONATA=STYLOMMATOPHORA B_N_=E/.).0*`
T,*_O/:=RESPONSE=OF=JUVENILE=GIANT=LAND=SNAIL=ARCHACATINA= +1a-*8 MARGINATA=FED=VARYING=LEVELS=OF=COCOA=POD=HUSK= +1a/* A_I_=A)*>*24
T,*_O0=:=DETECTION=OF=HEXAMERMIS=ALBICANS=NEMATODE=IN=SUCCINEA= +1a/*8 PUTRIS=AMBERSNAIL=IN=HUNGARY +2a+* A1*=&3)7&=J:-&8? +2a+*8 ASM=AUCTION +3a+* FRIDAY`=,0 Azqf=Mflsf Cmfnwa=T*77*3(*=G481.3*7 *2a.*8 T1_O1=:=THE=SYSTEMATICS=OF=CEPHALASPIDEA=REVISITED= *3a** T743)=O80&78`=M&3:*1=A_=E_=M&1&6:.&8 T1_O2=:=BROAD=SAMPLING=AND=MOLECULAR=PHYLOGENETICS=REVEALS= *3a**8 RAMPANT=PARAPHYLY=IN=HAMINOEIDAE=CEPHALASPIDS *3a,* M&3:*1=A_=E_=M&1&6:.&8`=C-.3=C-.3=T44`=D&;.)=R**8`=P&:1&=M_=M.00*18*3
T1_O3=:=NEW=INSIGHTS=INTO=CEPHALAPIDEAN=EVOLUTIONa=THE= *3a,*8 PHYLOGENY=OF=THE=PHILINACEA=GASTROPODA`= *3a.* OPISTHOBRANCHIA_ T*77*3(*=G481.3*7`=C1&.7*=G43?&1*? PROGRAMME .-
T1_O+*=:=A=GLIMPSE=INTO=EARLY=HETEROBRANCH=EVOLUTION=8= *3a.*8 MICROANATOMY=OF=MURCHISONELLIDAE +*a** B&89.&3=B7*3?.3,*7`=N*7.)&=G_=W.1843`=M.N=&*1=SN=7)1
T1_O++=:=THE=ENIGMA=FROM=THE=DEEP=:=INTEGRATIVE=STUDY=OF= +*a**8 A=REMARKABLE=HETEROBRANCH=SEA=SLUG=FROM=OFF= +*a,* MOZAMBIQUE T.2*&=P_=N*:88*7`=B&89.&3=B7*3?.3,*7`=E11*3=E_=S9743,`=M.N=&*1=SN=7)1 +*a,*8 COFFEE=BREAK= +*a/* Cmfnwa=M&3:*1=M&1&6:.&8 = T1_O+,=:=PHYLOGENY=OF=SACOGLOSSAa=HOW=KLEPTOPLASTY=AND=LARVAL= +*a/*8 TYPE=INFLUENCE=RATES=OF=MOLECULAR=EVOLUTION=AND= ++a+* SPECIATION=IN=HERBIVOROUS=SEA=SLUGS P&97.(0=J_=K7:,`=J&33=E_=V*3)*=.`=C>39-.&=D_=T74<'7.),* T1_O+-=:=PLAKOBRANCHUS=OCELLATUS=SACOGLOSSA=CONTINUOUSLY= ACQUIRES=KLEPTOPLASTS=AND=NUTRITION=FROM=MULTIPLE= ALGAL=SPECIES=IN=NATURE ++a+*8 ++a-* T&74=M&*)&`=E:.(-.=H.748*`=Y48-.94=C-.0&7&.8-.`=M&8&7:=K&<&94`=K.>49&0&= T&0.8-.9&`=T&0&4=Y48-.)&`=H*74*3=V*7'7:,,*3`=J.74=T&3&0&`=S-.,*7:= S-.2&2:7&`=Y48-.-.74=T&0&0.`=M&8&8-.=T8:(-.>&`=K*3/.=I<&.`=S-:/.= S-.,*34':`=T&)&8-.=M&7:>&2&
T1_O+.=:=FUNCTIONAL=CHLOROPLASTS=IN=SACOGLOSSAa=A=NON8 ++a-*8 PLAKOBRANCHID=LONG8TERM=RETENTION=FORM=:= ++a/* COSTASIELLA=OCELLIFERA= G7*,47=C-7.89&`=W.11.&2=M&79.3`=S;*3=B_=G4:1)`=H*.0*=WC,*1*
T1_O+/=:=PHOTOPROTECTION=MECHANISMS=IN=SACOGLOSSAN=SEA=SLUGS ++a/*8 +,a+* S3.&=C7:?`=P&:14=C&79&=&3&`=G.8*1&=D.43c8.4`=R.(&7)4=C&1&)4`=J4D4= S*7).4
T1_O+0=:=A=NEW=SPECIES=OF=COSTASIELLA=OPISTHOBRANCHIA`= +,a+*8 SACOGLOSSA=FROM=FLORIDA`=NOT=ASSOCIATED=WITH= +,a-* AVRAINVILLEA_ K&9-*=R_=J*38*3
T1_O+1=:=CULTURING=SEA=SLUGSa=WHY=THEY=MATTERë= +,a-*8 +,a/* G.8*1&=D.43c8.4`=R:.=R48&`=M.,:*1=L*&1`=S3.&=C7:?`=C1@:).4=B7&3)D4`= G43O&14=C&1&)4`=J4D4=S*7).4`=R.(&7)4=C&1&)4 +,a-*8 LUNCH +.a** .. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
Cmfnwa=J*8:8=T743(484 T1_O+2=:=REDESCRIPTION=OF=PLEUROBRANCHAEA=INCONSPICUA= +.a**8 PLEUROBRANCHOIDEAa=NUDIPLEURA=FROM=BRAZIL`=WITH= +.a,* A=PRELIMINARY=EVALUATION=OF=THE=MORPHOLOGICAL= CHARACTERS=USED=IN=THE=TAXONOMY=OF=PLEUROBRANCHAEA J:1.&3&=A1;.2`=L:.?=R.(&7)4=L_=S.243*`=A1*=&3)7*=P.2*39&
T1_O+3=:=ADDRESSING=THECOSOME=PTEROPODS=GASTROPODAa= EUOPISTHOBRANCHIA=SOFT=BODIES=IN=-D=MICROANTOMICAL= +.a,*8 DETAIL +.a.* P*9*7=K4-3*79`=P&:1.3*=H*.3`=R.2&8=K:'.1.:8`=B&89.&3=B7*3?.3,*7`=M.(-&*1= S(-7)1 +.a.*8 T1_O,*=:=NUDIPLEURA=OF=MOZAMBIQUE +/a** Y&7&=T.'.7.O@ T1_O,+==:=ADDING=A=MISSING=PIECE=TO=THE=PUZZLEa=OPISTHOBRANCHS= +/a**8 FROM=PERU +/a,* M.(-&*1=S(-7)1`=R4'*794=A_=U7.'*`=K&9.&=N&0&2:7&`=A1)4=I3)&(4(-*&`= A1)4=S_=P&(-*(4`=Y:7.=H440*7
T1_O,,=:=INDEPENDENT=EVOLUTION=OF=SWIMMING=BEHAVIORS=IN= +/a,*8 NUDIBRANCHS=INFERRED=FROM=NEURAL=MECHANISMS +/a.* A0.7&=S&0:7&.`=J48-:&=L_=L.11;.8`=C-&7:3.=A_=G:3&7&93*`=P&:1=S_=K&9? +/a.*8 COFFEE=BREAK +0a**
Arumnymjfywj=Ntwym Cmfnwa=J48S=X&;.*7 *2a.*8 T+-_O+0=:=TRIBUTE=TALKa==IN=MEMORY=OF=A=FRIEND`=TEACHER=AND= *3a** MENTOR C_C_=L: T+-_O+1=:=THE=SCIENTIFIC=ROLE=OF=MALCOLM=CLARKE=IN=THE=AZORES *3a**8 *3a,* J48S=N:34=G42*88P*7*.7&`=R:.=P7.*94`=V*73.(&=N*;*8`=F.1.5*=P479*.74`= J4D4=G43O&1;*8`=H*1*3=R_=M&79.38=
T+-_O+2=:=CLIMATE=CHANGE=IMPACTS=ON=COASTAL=CEPHALOPODS= *3a,*8 DIVERSITY *3a.* J4&3&=B4&;.)&8P479:,&1`=F7&3O4.8=G:.1-&:243`=R:.=R48&`=M.,:*1=B_= A7&0/4
T+-_O+3=:=DISTRIBUTION=PATTERNS=SHORTFIN=SQUIDS=CEPHALOPODAa= *3a.*8 OMMASTREPHIDAE=IN=THE=PORTUGUESE=NORTHWEST=COAST +*a** Sc1;.&=L4:7*3O4`=J4D4=P*7*.7&`=D.3&=S.1;&`=C&9&7.3&=C&;&1*.74`=A3&=M47*34 PROGRAMME ./
T+-_O,*=:=DISTRIBUTION=OF=CEPHALOPOD=PARALARVAE=IN=TWO= CONTRASTING=SITES=OF=THE=IBERIAN:CANARY=CURRENT= +*a**8 EASTERN=BOUNDARY=UPWELLING=SYSTEMa=CAPE=SILLEIRO= +*a,* ., N=AND=CAPE=GHIR=-* N Á1;&74=R4:7&`=X48S=A_=Á1;&7*?8S&1,&)4`=Á3,*1=F_=G43?@1*?`=M&7c&= G7*,47.`=G&'7.*1=R483`=Á3,*1=G:*77& +*a,*8 COFFEE=BREAK= +*a/* Cmfnwa=M&7*0=L.5.380. +*a/*8 T+-_O,+=:=CEPHALOPODS=AS=VECTORS=OF=HARMFUL=ALGAL=BLOOM=TOXINS= ++a+* IN=MARINE=FOOD=WEBS V&3*88&=M_=L45*8`=A3&=R.9&=L45*8`=P*)74=C489&`=R:.=R48&
T+-_O,,=:=WHO=KNOWS`=ONLY=THE=HOST=KNOWSb=SEPIOLID=SQUIDS=AS= ++a+*8 EVOLUTIONARY=DRIVERS=OF=BACTERIAL=SPECIFICITY=IN=AN= ++a-* ENVIRONMENTALLY=TRANSMITTED=SYMBIOSIS A_=C-&;*?8D4?&1`=C_=G472&3`=C_P_=L48974-`=M_K_=N.8-.,:(-.
T+-_O,-=:=ARM=AUTOTOMY=IN=OCTOPUS=ABDOPUS=ACULEATUS=ON= ++a-*8 MACTAN=ISLAND`=PHILIPPINES ++a/* J*&3=S_=A1:5&>`=R4>=C&1)<*11 ++a/*8 T+-_O,.=:=SQUID=FLY=IN=A=+/M=DIAMETER=TANK=8=AGAINì +,a+* R43=OD47`=H&88&3=M4:89&-Q=) T+-_*,/=:=CEPHALOPODS=IN=THE=FOOD=AND=FEEDING=NETWORK=OF= +,a+*8 MARINE=LIFE_=LEGACY=OF=MALCOLM=CLARKE_= +,a-* M_R_=L.5.380.`=J_C_=X&;.*7`=E_K_=S-*& +,a-*8 LUNCH +.a** +.a**8 Cmfnwa=J48S=X&;.*7`=L.?=S-*&`=M&7*0=L.5.380. +/a,* PANELa=FUTURE=CHALLENGES=IN=CEPHALOPOD==RESEARCH +/a.*8 COFFEE=BREAK +0a**
Arumnymjfywj=Stzym Cmfnwa=S:?&33*=W.11.&28 *2a.*8 T-_O/=:=CONSENSUS=AND=CONFUSION=IN=MOLLUSCAN=PHYLOGENY *3a** J:1.&=S.,<&79`=D&;.)=R_=L.3)'*7, T-_O0=:=PATTERNS=AND=PROCESSES=OF=SPECIATION=IN=THE=BALEARIC= *3a**8 ISLANDS=ENDEMIC=LAND=SNAIL=GENUS=ALLOGNATHUS *3a,* L:.8=J_=C-:*(&`=J48*5=Q:.39&3&`=M =J48S=M&)*.7&`=B*3/&2c3=J_=G2*?8 M41.3*7 .0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
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T-_O3=:=NEWS=FROM=THE=PAST= =OLIGOCENE=CONTINENTAL=MOLLUSCS=OF= +*a**8 OMAN +*a,* E.0*=N*:'*79`=D.70=;&3=D&22* +*a,*8 COFFEE=BREAK= +*a/* Cmfnwa=S9*S=*3=K.*1
+*a/*8 T-_O+*=:=LOST=AND=FOUNDa=THE=EOCENE=FAMILY=PYRAMIMITRIDAE= NEOGASTROPODA=DISCOVERED=IN=THE=RECENT=FAUNA=OF= ++a+* THE=INDO8PACIFIC Y:7.=K&3947`=P.*77*=L4?4:*9`=N.(41&8=P:.11&3)7*`=P-.1.55*=B4:(-*9 T-_O++=:=PHYLOGENY=OF=VENERID=BIVALVES`=AS=INFERRED=FROM=A= COMBINED=ANALYSIS=OF=MOLECULAR=AND=MORPHOLOGICAL= ++a+*8 DATA ++a-* =A3)7S=F_=S&7947.`=P&:1&=M_=M.00*18*3`=R&+&*1=R4'1*8`=N.(0=M&9?0*`= R3).,*7=B.*1*7`=D&;.)=I_=J&'14380.`=S(4==J_=S9*55&3t
T-_O+,=:=CENOZOIC=CLIMATE=CHANGE`=TECTONICS=AND=DIVERSIFICATION= IN=THE=DEEP8SEAa=EVOLUTION=OF=DIVERSITY=IN=THE= ++a-*8 GASTROPOD=FAMILY=SOLARIELLIDAE=TROCHOIDEA= ++a/* S_=T_=W.11.&28`=L_=M_=S2.9-`=D_=G_=H*7'*79`=B_=A_=M&78-&11`=A_=W&7S3`=S_= K.*1`=P_=D>&1`=K_=L.38*`=C_=V.1;*38`=Y_=K&34
T-_O+-=:=INTRODUCTION=TO=THE=TREATISES=PARACLADISTIC= ++a/*8 CLASSIFICATION=OF=THE=BIVALVIA +,a+* J48*5-=G_=C&79*7
T-_O+.=:=PHYLOGENOMIC=RESOLUTION=OF=RELATIONSHIPS=WITHIN= +,a+*8 BIVALVIA=MOLLUSCA +,a-* V&3*88&=L.?=G43?&1*?`=G43?&14=G.7.'*9 +,a-*8 LUNCH +.a** Cmfnwa=G43?&14=G.7.'*9 +.a**8 T-_O+/=:===LOOKING=UP=TO=HDOWN=UNDERH=8=PHYLOGENY=í=BIOGEOGRAPHY= +.a,* OF=AUSTRALIAN=THIARIDAE F_=G.23.N= `=T_=V_=R.39*1*3`=N_=M&&I`=M_=G1&:'7*(-9 PROGRAMME .1
T-_O+0=:=FREELOADING=TO=FREE8LIVINGa=PHYLOGENY`=DIVERSIFICATION= +.a,*8 AND=MORPHOLOGICAL=EVOLUTION=OF=THE=MEGADIVERSE= +.a.* MARINE=BIVALVE=SUPERFAMILY=GALEOMMATOIDEA J.3,(-:3=L.`=D.&72&.)=Ó=F4.,-.1`=E11*3=S9743,
T-_O+1=:=PATTERNS=OF=LINEAGE=DIVERSIFICATION=IN=THE=FAMILY= +.a.*8 PINNIDAE +/a** S&7&-=L*2*7`=G43?&14=G.7.'*9
T-_O+2=:=BRIDGING=THE=GAP=IN=FOSSIL=AND=RECENT=MELANOPSIDAE=8=A= +/a**8 CASE=STUDY=IN=EVOLUTIONARY=SYSTEMATICS= +/a,* E1.8&'*=&=L47.`=M&=-.&8=G1&:'7*N=9 +/a.*8 COFFEE=BREAK= +0a+*
Arumnymjfywj=IV Cmfnwa=A1*=&3)7*=L4'48)&8C:3-&
*2a.*8 T,+_O+=:=HYPOXIA=TOLERANCE=OF=JUMBO=SQUIDS=DOSIDICUS=GIGAS= IN=THE=EASTERN=PACIFIC=OXYGEN=MINIMUM=ZONESa== *3a** PHYSIOLOGICAL=AND=BIOCHEMICAL=MECHANISMS K&9/&=T73'*3'&N= `=B7&)=A_=S*.'*1`=R:.=R48& T,+_O,=:=EVALUATION=OF=THE=GLUTATHIONE===S===TRANSFERASE=RESPONSE= TO=SEASONALITY`=POLYCYCLIC=AROMATIC=HYDROCARBON= PAH=AND=HEAVY=METAL=POLLUTANTS=IN=SACCOSTREA= *3a**8 CUCULLATA=BIVALVIAa=OSTREIDAE`=ALONG=THE=IRANIAN= *3a,* COAST=OF=THE=PERSIAN=GULF A8&).=N&7.2&3`=B_=N&'&;.=M4-&22&)`=B&7,&-.=A+8-&7`=S&+&-.*-=A1.7*?&`= M.741.&*.=M*-7&3`=T&;&84154:7=E-8&3
T,+_O-=:=OXIDASES=AND=DEHYDROGENASES=METABOLIZING=MANNITOL= *3a,*8 AND=OTHER=ALCOHOLS=IN=THE=DIGESTIVE=GLAND=OF= *3a.* GASTROPODS A1*=&3)7*=L4'48)&8C:3-&`=D.4,4=C&7;&1-4`=G43O&14=C&1&)4
T,+_O.=:=PLATINUM8INDUCED=SHELL=INTERNALIZATION=IN=THE= *3a.*8 RAMSHORN=SNAIL=MARISA=CORNUARIETIS +*a** L*43.*=M&78N=3*7`=J:1.&3=S9&3.*0`=S.10*=SN=:89*7`=R.9&=T7.*'80473`= H*.3?8R_=K-1*7 +*a,*8 COFFEE=BREAK= +*a/* Cmfnwa=M&1,47?&9&=O?,4
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T1_P+/ MATING=AGGREGATIONS=IN=INTERTIDAL=NUDIBRANCHS=DENDRODORIS=HERYTRA= AND=D_=LIMBATA V&3*88&=L_=P.7*8`=M.,:*1=B&59.89&`=M&79&=S_=P.2*39*1`=V&3*88&=M_=L45*8`=A3&=R.9&=L45*8`=L:c8= N&7(.84`=R:.=R48& T1_P+0 HE=ENEMY=INSIDE=YOUR=SEA=SLUG=:=ENDOPARASITES=OF=THE=FAMILY= SPLANCHNOTROPHIDAE=COPEPODA R41&3)=F_=A3943`=M.N=&*1=SN=7)1 T1_P+1 FIRST=RECORD=OF=THE=ECTOPARASITE=DORIDICOLA=AFF_=AGILIS=COPEPODAa= CYCLOPOIDA=FROM=DIFFERENT=SPECIES=OF=THE=GENUS=HYPSELODORIS=IN=ATLANTIC= WATERS=NW=SPAIN Á1;&74=R4:7&`=D&;.)=V.11*,&8`=A3)7*:=B1&3(4`=J47,*=H*73@3)*?=U7(*7&`=A1*=&3)7&=C&8974 T2_P+ PRESENCE=AND=IMPLICATIONS=OF=ORGANIC=LAYERS=IN=FOSSIL=AND=EXTANT= UNIONOIDA=MOLLUSCA`=BIVALVIA R_=A7&:/4`=G_=D*1;*3*`=M_=M:39 T2_P, CONSERVATION=UNITS=BASED=ON=MITOCHONDRIAL=AND=NUCLEAR=DNA=VARIATION= AMONG=THE=THICK8SHELLED=RIVER=MUSSEL=UNIO=CRASSUS=POPULATIONS=IN= POLAND J*7?>=S*11`=M43.0&=M.4):(-4<80&`=A,3.*8?0&=K&(?2&7(?>0`=K&9&7?>3&=Z&/I(`=T&)*:8?=Z&/I(`= A)7.&33&=K.1.04<80&`=A33&=W>84(0& T2_P- SPATIAL=DISTRIBUTION=AND=ABUNDANCE=OF=UNIONIDAE=MUSSELS=IN=EUTROPHIC= FLOODPLAIN=LAKE K&9&7?>3&=Z&/I(`=T&)*:8?=Z&/I(`=A)&2="2.*1 T2_P. MARGAL=ULLA=LIFE=PROJECTa=A=REAL=CHANCE=FOR=THE=RESTORATION=OF= MARGARITIFERA=MARGARITIFERA=L_=POPULATIONS=IN=GALICIA=SPAIN S&'*1&=L4.8`=A)41+4=O:9*.74`=R&23=M&8(&94`=R&+&*1&=A2&74`=C&72*3=B4:?&`=E):&7)4=S&3= M.,:*1`=P&?=O3).3& T2_P/ GENETIC=STUDY=FOR=REPRODUCTIVE=SELECTION=IN=A=LIFE=CONSERVATION=PROGRAM R&+&*1&=A2&74`=C&72*3=B4:?&`=E):&7)4=S&3=M.,:*1`=S&'*1&=L4.8`=A)41+4=O:9*.74`=R&23= M&8(&94`=P&?=O3).3& T2_P0 APPLICATION=OF=SPECIAL=MEADOW=MANAGEMENT=WITHIN=THE=MEASURES=OF= ACTION=PLAN=FOR=FRESHWATER=PEARL=MUSSEL=MARGARITIFERA=MARGARITIFERA=IN= THE=CZECH=REPUBLIC J_=;&3>,&`=O_P_=S.243`=B_=D479`=K_=D4:)& T2_P1 RESTORATION=OF=MARGARITIFERA=MARGARITIFERA=AND=UNIO=TUMIDIFORMIS= POPULATIONS=IN=ALDER=LINED=STREAMS J4&6:.2=R*.8`=N:34=F473*7`=S&3)7&=V.*.7&`=A1*=&3)7.3&=P.5&`=P&:14=L:(&8 T2_P2 HOST=FISH=LIMITATION`=AN=ADDITIONAL=THREAT=TO=THE=IMPERILLED=NAIADS=IN= EUROPEa=A=CASE=STUDY=ON=UNIO=DELPHINUS=AND=POTOMIDA=LITTORALIS M&3:*1=L45*88L.2&`=A2c1(&7=T*.=*.7&`=M&7.&3&=H.3?2&33`=S.243*=V&7&3)&8`=R43&1)4=S4:8&`= E18&=F74:+*`=J47,*=M&(-&)4 /0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T*2_P3 ZOOGEOGRAPHY=OF=THE=NAIAD=MUSSELS=IN=SWEDEN T*)=;43=P748N=<.9?`=S9*+&3=L:3)'*7,`=J&04'=B*7,*3,7*3 T3_P+ MOLLUSCAN=AJ=EMBLAGES=IN=THE=MUDDY=BOTTOMS=OF=THE=RÍA=DE=ALDÁN= GALICIA`=NW=IBERIAN=PENINSULA F*73&3)4=A3*.748`=J:&3=M47*.7&`=J*808=S_=T743(484 T3_P, TWO=YEARS=INVESTIGATION=OF=INTERTIDAL=MOLLUSCAN=COMMUNITY=AFTER=THE= MASSIVE=EARTHQUAKE=AND=TSUNAMI W&9&7:=S-.34-&7&`=K*3/.=O048-. T3_P- COLONISATION=PATTERNS=OF=COCKLE=CERASTODERMA=EDULE=LINNAEUS=+1/2=POST8 LARVAE T.249->=W-.=43`=C-7.8=R.(-&7)843`=J&3=H.)).30`=S9:&79=J*30.38`=B7>&3=J43*8 T+*_P+ THE=FUNCTIONAL=TRAIT8BASED=APPROACH=TO=INVESTIGATE=LIFE=HISTORY=TRAITS= IN=MARINE=INVERTEBRATES=TO=PREDICT=EFFECTS=OF=GLOBAL=CLIMATE=CHANGE=ON= ECOSYSTEMS G.&31:(&=S&7A`=C43(*=&=M&3)&,1.4`=V&1*7.&=M439&194`=A1*88&3)74=R.3&1).`=F41(4=G.42. T+*_P, EVIDENCE=OF=LONG8TERM=CHANGES=IN=THE=DISTRIBUTION=OF=KEY=INTERTIDAL= SPECIES M&7.&=V&1*`=A3&=I_=N*94`=G:89&;4=M&79.38`=S9*5-*3=J_=H&<0.38 T+*_P- SYNERGISTIC=EFFECTS=OF=OCEAN=ACIDIFICATION=AND=WARMIN=IN=SQUID=EARLY= ONTOGENYa=EVIDENCE=FOR=SEVERE=BIOLOGICAL=IMPAIRMENTS R:.=R48&`=T.&,4=R*541-4`=M&79&=P.2*39*1`=K&9/&=T73'*3'&(-`=J4&3&=B4&;.)&8P479:,&1`=F.1.5&= F&1*.74`=M.,:*1=B&59.89&`=R.(&7)4=C&1&)4`=H&38=O=4=P793*7 T+*_P. CHARACTERISTICS=OF=SHELL=MICROSTRUCTURE=OF=PELAGIC=AND=BENTHIC= MOLLUSKS=FROM=ANTARCTIC=WATERS`=AND=OCEAN=ACIDIFICATION K*3/.=O048-.`=W&0&=S&948O048-. T+*_P/ HOW=CAN=PHYSIOLOGY=IMPROVE=SPECIES=DISTRIBUTION=MODELS=IN=MARINE= ORGANISMS J4&3&=B4&;.)&8P479:,&1`=R:.=R48&`=M.,:*1=B_=A7&0/4`=F7&3O4.8=G:.1-&:243 T+*_P0 SALINITY=TOLERANCE=AND=SPATIAL=DISTRIBUTION=OF=ARCTICA=ISLANDICA=L_= MOLLUSCA`=BIVALVIA=IN=THE=WHITE=SEA N&)*?-)&=A_=F.1.554;& T++_P+ INTERACTION=BETWEEN=AN=INVASIVE=SLUG=ARION=LUSITANICUS=AND=AN=AGGRESIVE= WEED=TARAXACUM=OFFICINALE A14.8=H43*0`=Z)*30&=M&79.304;& T++_P, PREFERENCE=OF=ARION=LUSITANICUS=FOR=SEEDLINGS=OF=HERB=SPECIES Z)*30&=M&79.304;&`=A14.8=H43*0 T++_P- EXPANSION=OF=THE=CHINESE=POND=MUSSEL=ANODONTA=WOODIANA=POPULATION=IN= POLAND M&7.&=U7'&80&`=W4/(.*(-=A3)7?*/*<80.`=J&3=M&?:70.*<.(? LIST OF POSTERS /1
T++_P. ANODONTA=WOODIANA=LEA`=+2-.=:A=REVIEW=OF=ITS=EUROPEAN=DISTRIBUTION O&3&=P&:1&=P45&`=A3&8M&7.&=K7&5&1`=E1*3&=I:1.&=I47,:`=A1*=&3)7&8F147.3&=L*;E7)E`=L:.8=O;.).:= P45& T++_P/ CORBICULA=FLUMINEA=INVASION=IN=LAKE=MAGGIORE=ITALYa=A=THREE8YEAR=FIELD= MONITORING I_=G:&73*7.`=A_=C&7)*((.&`=R_=L&:(*7.`=L=K&2':7_80&`=N_=R.((&7). T++_P0 POPULATION=GENETICS=OF=ANADARA=KAGOSHIMENSIS=TOKUNAGA`=+3*0=FROM=TWO= EUROPEAN=SEAS A1*=&3)7&8F147.3&=L*;E7)E`=A3&8M&7.&=K7&5&1`=O&3&=P&:1&=P45&`=F&'.4=C74(*=&`=E1*3&=I:1.&= I47,:`=M&7.*9&=C489&(-*`=L:.8=O;.).:=P45& T++_P1 THE=GIANT=AFRICAN=SNAIL=ACHATINA=FULICA=AND=ITS=ROLE=IN=THE=EPIDEMIOLOGY= OF=EOSINOPHILIC=MENINGITIS=IN=SOUTH=AND=SOUHTHEAST=BRAZIL S.1;&3&=C_=T-.*3,4`=E1.?&3,*1&=F_=)&=S.1;&`=M&79&=C_=P.394`=M43.(&=A_=F*73&3)*? T++_P2 BACKGROUND=LEVELS=OF=MARKERS=OF=ENERGY=RESERVE=AND=RNA2DNA=RATIO=OF= CORBICULA=FLUMINEA=MLLER`=+11.=IN=THE=RIVER=MINHO=ESTUARY S-*.1&=R.;&88R4)7c,:*?`=M =)*1=C&72*3=C4'4`=P&'14=G2*?`=R:Q=34=V.*.7&8L&3*74`=F*73&3)4= C4'4 T+,_P+ HOST=PREFERENCE=AND=COLORATION=OF=SYMBIOTIC=GASTROPODS=EULIMIDAE P_Y:_=D,*':&)?* T+,_P, TRANSCRIPTOMIC=PROCESSES=LEADING=TO=ALBINISM=AND=SHELL=COLOR=VARIATION= IN=THE=PEARL=OYSTER=PINCTADA=MARGARITIFERA S&7&-=L*2*7`=D*3.8=S&:13.*7`=Y&33.(0=G:*,:*3`=C*)7.0=L4`=S*7,*=P1&3*8 T+,_P- LAND=SNAIL=IN=PAINTING=ART A14.8=H43*0`=Z)*30&=M&79.304;& T+-_P+ ASSEMBLING=THE=GENOME=OF=THE=GIANT=SQUID`=ARCHITEUTHIS=DUX R:9*=R_=)&=F438*(&`=I3,*7=W.30*12&33`=B*39=P*9*78*3`=S.243=R&82:88*3`=J&3=S97:,3*11`=M&70= N472&3`=H*308J&3=H4;.3,`=R.(&7)4=T&+:78J.2*3*?`=Â3,*1&=R.'*.74`=L&78=H&38*3`=K&7.3=V*89'*7,`= M.(-&*1=K*79*8?`=B1&,4>=B1&,4*;`=A1*=&3)7*=C&2548`=H:,4=O87.4`T-42&8=S.(-*7.9?8P439*3`= L.8&3)7&=Z*5*)&`=T42&8=V.3&7`=T42=G.1'*79 T+-_P, TEMPORAL=AND=SPATIAL=DISTRIBUTION=OF=CEPHALOPOD=PARALARVAE=MEASURED= WITH=DIFFERENT=SAMPLING=GEARS=AND=SAMPLING=STRATEGIES L47*3&=O1248=PS7*?`=Á3,*1=F_=G43?@1*?`=Á1;&74=R4:7& T+-_P- THE=RARE=BECOMES=USUALa=NEW=OCCURRENCES=OF=BIFLAGELLATE=SPERMATOZOA=IN= CEPHALOPODA M&7(*14=R4)7.,:*8`=V.(947.&34=U7,477.`=J*8:8=S_=T743(484 T+-_P. MOLECULAR=SYSTEMATICS=AND=ECOLOGY=OF=GRANELEDONE=FAMILY= MEGALELEDONIDAE=AND=OTHER=DEEP8WATER=OCTOPUSES A_=L4:.8*=A11(4(0`=V1&).2.7=L&59.0-4;80>`=J&3*9=V4.,-9`=P*9*7=S2.9-`=D.70=S9*.30*`=J&3=M_= S97:,3*11 /2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+._P+ FOLLOWING=THE=FOOTSTEPS=OF=LINNAEUS=INTO=THE=,+TH=CENTURY:=THE=FREDIE= PROJECT=ON=BARCODING=EUROPEAN=FRESHWATER=MOLLUSCS K&9-&7.3&=K:7?74O=`=M&=-.&8=G*.,*7`=T-42&8=;43=R.39*1*3`=M&=-.&8=G1&:'7*N=9
T+._P, COMPARING=APPLES=TO=APPLESa=CLARIFYING=THE=IDENTITIES=OF=TWO=HIGHLY= INVASIVE=NEOTROPICAL=AMPULLARIIDAE=CAENOGASTROPODA K*33*9-=A_=H&>*8`=R4'*79=H_=C4<.*`=S.1;&3&=C_=T-.*3,4`=E11*3=E_=S9743,
T+._P- GUNDLACHIA=TICAGA=MARCUS=]=MARCUS`=+30,=AND=GUNDLACHIA=BAKERI=PILSBRY`= +3+-a=IDENTITY=CONFIRMED=BY=MORPHOLOGICAL=AND=MOLECULAR=DATA L:.?=E):&7)4=M&(*)4=)*=L&(*7)&`=C&741.3*=S9&30*=R.(-&:`=V&3:8(&=M&(.*1=A7&0/4`=E1.?*:= F&,:3)*8=C&7;&1-4`=D&>8*=A5&7*(.)&=)&=S.1;&`=S43.&=B&7'48&=)48=S&3948 T+/_P+ ANATOMICAL=CHARACTERIZATION=OF=THE=THAUMASTUS=QUECHUA=SALTERI= SOWERBY`=+223=PENIAL=COMPLEX=AND=SPERMATOPHORUS=PULMONATA`= BULIMULINAE M*.7*=S.1;&=P*3& T+/_P, ON=TRACKING=THE=FATE=OF=PARASPERM=IN=GASTROPODA J4-3=B:O=1&3)8N.O=8`=K*18.*=G.11.*8`=L*81.*=H&79
T+/_P- VERTICAL=TRANSMIJ=ION=OF=BACTERIAL=SYMBIONTS=IN=THE=FAMILY=ASTARTIDAE= BIVALVIA C&72*3=S&1&8`=P&'14=M&7.3&`=J:&3=)*=D.48=B:*34`=M&7.&=J48S=M&79.3*?`=A3943.4=C-*(&/ T+/_P. EVALUATING=THE=MATING=GROUPS=HYPOTHESIS=IN=POPULATIONS=OF= ECHINOLITTORINA=LINEOLATA P7.8(.1&=M_=S&114:2`=V*7&=N_=S41+*7.3. T+/_P/ ABUNDANCE=AND=SPAWNING=PATTERNS=OF=THE=LIMPET=SIPHONARIA=PECTINATA=IN= CONTRASTING=ENVIRONMENTS=IN=SW=PORTUGAL M&7.&=I3U8=S*&'7&`=R:.=C&7;&1-4`=T*7*8&=C7:?` T+0_P+ DWARFISM=IN=AÇOREAN=BIVALVESa=A=CONSEQUENCE=OF=EITHER=LATITUDE=OR= PRODUCTIVITY=OR=BOTH B7.&3=M47943`=R*,.3&=T7.89D4=)&=C:3-&`=A393.4=M_=)*=F7.&8=M&79.38 T+0_P, MORFO8ANATOMICAL=COMPARISON=OF=GENUS=CRASSOSTREA=AND=SACCOSTREA= BIVALVIAa=OSTREIDAEa=CRASSOSTREINAE V&3*88&=S.2D4=)4=A2&7&1`=L:.?=R.(&7)4=L_=S.243* T+0_P- A=SURVEY=OF=BIVALVES=FROM=NORTHERN=SEABOARD=OF=THE=SÃO=PAULO=STATE`= BRAZIL L*3.9&=)*=F7*.9&8=T&11&7.(4`=F1@;.4=D.&8=P&8848`=F&'7.?.4=M&7(43)*8=M&(-&)4`=A7.&3*=C&2548`= S-.71*.=M&7.&=R*((48P.2*39*1`=G.8*1*=O71&3).=I3974c3. LIST OF POSTERS /3
T+1_P+ EVOLUTION=OF=PARASITIC=STRATEGY=AND=MORPHOLOGICAL=DIVERSIFICATION=IN= THE=GASTROPOD=FAMILY=EULIMIDAE T8:>48-.=T&0&34`=A3)*78=W&7T3`=Y&8:347.=K&34 T+1_P, NEW=INSIGHTS=INTO=PALLIAL=EYE=DEVELOPMENT=IN=PECTINIDS= J47,*=A_=A:).34`=J48S=E):&7)4=A_=R_=M&7.&3`=S3.&=G_=B_=C_=L45*8 T+1_P- WHAT=THE=GAMETIC=MORPHOLOGY=OF=FELANIELLA=CANDEANA=TELL=US=ABOUT=THE= REMOVAL=OF=UNGULINIDAE=FROM=LUCINOIDEA A7.&3*=C&2548`=G.8*1*=O71&3).=I3974c3.`=L*3.9&=)*=F7*.9&8=T&11&7.(4`=F1@;.4=D.&8=P&8848`=F&'7.?.4= M&7(43)*8=M&(-&)4`=S-.71*.=M&7.&=R*((48P.2*39*1 T+1_P. MORPHOLOGICAL=AND=MOLECULAR=IDENTIFICATION=OF=HYDROBIIDAE=FROM= BRACKISH=LAGOONS=IN=SCOTLAND S_=P>*`=M_=C-*;&1.*7`=J_=P479*7`=S_=C-&2'*78 T+1_P/ MORPHOLOGICAL=DIFFERENTIATION=BETWEEN=LARVAE=OF=TWO=SPECIES=OF= CRASSOSTREA=SACCO`=+231=BIVALVIA`=OSTREIDAE=FROM=PARANÁ=COAST`=BRAZIL T-*7*8.3-&=M439*.74=A'8-*7`=S:8*9*=W&2'.*7=C-7.894 T+1_P0 VARIATIONS=IN=THE=EPITHELIAL=GLAND=CELLS=IN=HELIX=POMATIA`=CEPAEA=HORTENSIS= AND=ARION=VULGARIS=:=A=COMPARISON S45-.*=G7*.8947+*7`=J&3*0=;43=B>*73`=N47'*79=C>7&3`=L.;.&=R:)411`=W&197&:)=K1*5&1 T+1_P1 STRUCTURAL=CHARACTERIZATION=OF=NEURONS=AND=GLIAL=CELLS=OF=THE=BIVALVE= SCROBICULARIA=PLANA S:0&31&>&=T&39.<.8&<&7:/.`=CS1.&=L45*8`=U9-&.<&3=K4;.9;&)-.`=M.,:*1=Â3,*14=P&7)&1`=M&7.&= J4D4=R4(-&`=E):&7)4=R4(-& T+2_P+ THE=MOLLUSCAa=A=NEW=REFERENCE W.38943=P43)*7`=D&;.)=R_=L.3)'*7, T+2_P, OPENING=BIODIVERSITY=DATAa=DATA=PAPERS=AS=INCENTIVE=FOR=RESEARCHERS=AND= INSTITUTIONS L>:'42.7=P*3*;`=V.8-<&8=C-&;&3`=T*4)47=G*47,.*;`=P&;*1=S94*; T+2_P- MOLLUSCA=IN=THE=CATALOGUE=OF=LIFEa=TOWARDS=A=GLOBAL=CHECKLIST T-42&8=K:3?* T+2_P. DATABASING=EFFORTS=WITHIN=THE=DEPARTMENT=OF=MALACOLOGY=AT=THE=MUSEUM= OF=COMPARATIVE=ZOOLOGY=HARVARD=UNIVERSITY A)&2=J_=B&1).3,*7 T+2_P/ THE=VOYAGE=OF=LA=BONITE`=+2-08+2-1+_=THE=DRY=MATERIAL=AT=THE=NATURAL=HISTORY= MUSEUM`=LONDON A3)7*.&=S&1;&)47 T+2_P0 MOLLUSCA=SECTION=IN=NATIONAL=MUSEUM=OF=WALES A33&=M_=H412*8 0* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+2_P1 A=PRELIMINARY=ASSESSMENT=OF=THE=FRESHWATER=MUSSEL=RESOURCES=IN=NATURAL= HISTORY=MUSEUMS A79-:7=E_=B4,&3`=J&2.*=M_=S2.9- T+2_P2 HAWAIIAN=LAND=SNAIL=BIODIVERSITYa=SYSTEMATICS`=PHYLOGENETICS=AND= CONSERVATION=STATUS=OF=A=VANISHING=FAUNA N47.3*=W_=Y*:3,`=K*11*>=L*:3,`=D**3&=A_=G&7>`=D>1&3=T_B_=R*881*7`=R4'*79=H_=C4<.*`=K*33*9-=A_= H&>*8 T+2_P3 DISTRIBUTION=PATTERNS=OF=MANGROVE=GASTROPODS=FROM=THE=INDO8WEST= PACIFIC T7.(.&=G4:1).3, T+2_P+* HOW=MANY=LITTORAL=MARINE=MOLLUSCS=ARE=THERE=IN=THE=AZORES S&3)7&=C@72*3=S_M_=M439*.74`=A3)7*&=Z.9&=B49*1-4`=P&:14=V_=B47,*8`=A3&=C7.89.3&=C489& T+2_P++ CURRENT=RESEARCH=ON=SHELLFISH=WITH=THE=IBIS=PROJECT E1.?&'*9-=C1&7*=A8-943`=J:1.&=S.,<&79`=D&.=R4'*798 T+2_P+, REVISION=OF=THE=AFROTROPICAL=LAND=SNAIL=GENUS=AVAKUBIA=PILSBRY`=+3+3= STREPTAXIDAE A3943=J_=)*=W.39*7`=N.*30*=V&89*3-4:9 T+2_P+- REDESCRIPTION=OF=CORNISEPTA=CROSSEI=DAUTZENBERG=]=FISCHER`=+230= MOLLUSCA`=GASTROPODA`=FISSURELLIDAE L_=B&77.4`=V_=U7,477.`=M_P_=S*&7c8`=F_=C4'4 T+2_P+. TERRESTRIAL=GASTROPODS=OF=VIETNAM_=PATTERNS=OF=DIVERSITY=AND=DISTRIBUTION P&72=V.0947=;43=O-*.2'`=K&9-&7.3&=C_M_=H*.1*7`=J43&9-&3=A'1*=`=F7*)=N&,,8 T+3_P+ CHARACTERIZING=DIVERSIFICATION=PATTERNS=AND=DIET=EVOLUTION=IN=CONE= SNAILS M&70=P-:43,`=M.(-&*1=A1+&74 T+3_P, EXPERIMENTAL=DROUGHT=EFFECTS=THE=REPRODUCTION=OF=BROODING=CLAUSILIID=A_= BIPLICATA=MONTAGU`=+2*- A33&=S:1.04<80&8D74?)`=T42&8?=K_=M&19? T+3_P- PREDICTING=THE=IMPACTS=OF=CLIMATE=CHANGE=ON=THE=DISTRIBUTION=AND= CONSERVATION=OF=ENDEMIC=TERRESTRIAL=SNAILS=IN=MADEIRA C@9.&=G4:;*.&`=D.3&79*=T*.=*.7& T+3_P. BEHAVIOUR=OF=CEPAEA=NEMORALIS=L_a=DIFFERENCES=BETWEEN=MORPHS=AND= EFFECTS=OF=ENVIRONMENTAL=FACTORS Z:?&33&=M_=R48.3`=K<.*(.80.=Z'.,3.*<`=A33&=S?>2&80&`=P.497=T7>/&34<80.`=A3)7?*/=L*8.(0.`= J&748&<=K4'&0`=T42&8?=K&:80.`=M43.0&=J&80:180& T+3_P/ MICROHABITAT=REQUIREMENTS=OF=SNAIL=SPECIES=GASTROPODA`=PULMONATA=IN= LOWLAND=WETLANDS=OF=WESTERN=POLAND Z4Q=&=K8.ID0.*<.(?`=K&9&7?>3&=Z&/I(`=B&7942.*/=G4)>3 LIST OF POSTERS 0+
T+3_P0 STABLE=ISOTOPE=ANALYSIS=OF=RAPANA=VENOSA=MURICIDAEa=NEOGASTROPODA= FROM=DIFFERENT=SITES=OF=THE=BLACK=SEAa=VERTICAL=MIGRATIONS`=AGE= FLUCTUATIONS=AND=HABITAT=IMPACT A1.8&=K48>&3`=Z-&33&=A39.5:8-.3&
T+3_P1 THE=EFFECT=OF=-_++=TSUNAMI=ON=SHELL=GROWTH=OF=THE=INVASIVE=NATICID= GASTROPOD=EUSPIRA=FORTUNEI M&8&-.74=S:?:0.`=K*3/.=O048-. T,*_P+ SUBTIDAL=MOLLUSC=DIVERSITY=AND=SEDIMENTARY=FEATURES=IN=THE=HIGHLY= URBANIZED=RÍA=DE=FERROL=GALICIA`=NW=IBERIAN=PENINSULA J:&3=M47*.7&`=G:.11*724=Dc&?8A,7&8`=M&7(48=A'&)`=J:1.4=P&7&5&7 T,*_P, MOLLUSCS=IN=AZOREAN=LAKESa=WARNING=FOR=EUTROPHICATION= P*)74=M.,:*1=R&548*.74`=Vc947=G43O&1;*8`=A3&=C7.89.3&=C489& T,*_P- GASTROPODS=INDICATE=SEAGRASS=MEADOWS=AT=SAN=SALVADOR`=BAHAMAS S43/&=R*.(- T,*_P. THE=LAND=SNAILS=OF=A=PARTIALLY=RECLAIMED=ABANDONED=COAL=MINE=SITE J48*5-=A_=A77:)& T,*_P/ ENVIRONMENTS=AND=DRILLING=PREDATION=IN=THE=PANAMA=EASTERN=PACIFIC= COAST H_=F479:3&94`=S_=G398(-4< T,*_P0 SHELL=VARIATION=IN=PATELLID=LIMPETSa=SCALES=OF=SPATIAL=VARIABILITY G:89&;4=M_=M&79.38`=J4D4=F&7.&`=M.,:*1=A_=F:79&)4`=M&3:*1=E3*8`=A3&=I_=N*94 T,*_P1 MALACOFAUNA=ASSOCIATED=WITH=MARINE=SPONGES=IN=THE=AZORES=ARCHIPELAGO A3)7*.&=C:3-&`=A393.4=M_=F7.&8=M&79.38`=A3&=C_=C489&`=J4&3&=R_=X&;.*7 T,*_P2 HOW=AND=WHY=GASTROPOD=SHELLS=BECOME=REMODELED=HOMES=FOR=TERRESTRIAL= HERMIT=CRABS M&70=E_=L&.)7* T,*_P3 OLD=HOSTS`=NEW=GUESTS=8=EUROPEAN=SNAILS=HOSTING=AMERICAN=LIVER=FLUKES_=AN= INTERIM=REPORT H*12:9=S&=2&33`=C-7.8945-=H7<*,`=L&7.88&=G&:' T,*_P+* SHELLS=OF=THE=LIMPET=PATELLA=ASPERA=AS=HABITAT=FOR=EPIBIONTS J4D4=F&7.&`=G:89&;4=M_=M&79.38`=M.,:*1=A_=F:79&)4`=A3&=I_=N*94 T,*_P++ WHEN=MALACOLOGY=MEETS=MYCOLOGYa=MICROFUNGAL=COLONISATION=OF=EMPTY= CEPAEA=SHELLS D&,2&7=".-4;@`=Z*)3W0=J&34;80>`=O3)$*.=K4:041 0, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T,*_P+, IMPACT=OF=EXTRACT=OF=EUPHORBIA=PULCHERIMA=AND=ATRIPLEX=NUMMULARIA=ON= THE=INFECTIVITY=OF=SCHISTOSOMA=HAEMATOBIUM=TO=BULINUS=TRUNCATUS=SNAILS= AND=HISTOLOGICAL=STRUCTURE=OF=HOST=SNAIL F_A_=B&07>`=M&3&1=E18G&7-> T,*_P+- DETECTION=OF=HEXAMERMIS=ALBICANS=NEMATODE=IN=SUCCINEA=PUTRIS= AMBERSNAIL=IN=HUNGARY A1*=&3)7&=J:-&8? T,*_P+. TOXICITY=OF=PARAQUAT=HERBICIDE=TO=SOME=PHYSIOLOGICAL=AND=MOLECULAR= ASPECTS=OF=BULINUS=TRUNCATUS=SNAILS=AS=A=BIOINDICATOR F&>*?=A_=B&07> T,+_P+ UPTAKE`=ACCUMULATION`=TRANSFORMATION=AND=DEPURATION=OF=PARALYTIC= SHELLFISH=TOXINS=IN=COMMON=OCTOPUS=OCTOPUS=VULGARIS V&3*88&=M_=L45*8`=T.&,4=R*541-4`=M.,:*1=B&59.89&`=P*)74=C489&`=R:.=R48& T,,_P+ BROAD8SCALE=PATTERNS=OF=SEX=RATIOS=OF=PATELLA=SPP_a=A=COMPARISON=OF=THE= BRITISH=ISLES=AND=PORTUGAL C_D_G_=B47,*8`=C_P_=D43(&89*7`=M_=M&(L*&3`=S_J_=H&<0.38 ABSTRACTS 0. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
K+=:=O5*3.3,=A))7*88=94=9-*=W471)=C43,7*88=4+=M&1&(414,>,*+-
NEW=FRONTIERS=IN=BIODIVERSITY=DISCOVERY=IN=THE=OCEANSa== BRIMSTONE`=CHAMPAGNE=AND=A=TOUCH=OF=GOLD V*7*3&=T:33.(1.S=* D*59_=B.414,>=]=S(-441=E&79-2O(*&3=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.(947.&`=V.(947.&`=BC=C&3&)&=;*7*3&9 :;.(_ (& T-*=1&89=9<4=)*(&)*8=-&;*=8**3=842*=7*2&70&'1*=).8(4;*7.*8=4+=897&3,*=-&'.9&98= .3=9-*=)**5=4(*&3_=W.9-=*&(-=3*<=).8(4;*7>`=<*=1*&73=247*=&'4:9=,*4(-*2.(&1= &3)=,*45->8.(&1=574(*88*8=4+=9-*=51&3*9=9-&9=(7*&9*='49-=(-&11*3,.3,=(43).9.438= &3)= (:7.4:8= 455479:3.9.*8= +47= 1.+*_= W-.1*= &3.2&18= (411*(9*)= +742= *=97*2*= *3;.7432*398=-&;*='74&)*3*)=4:7=:3)*789&3).3,=4+=*;41:9.43&7>=7*1&9.438-.58= <.9-.3=,74:58=1.0*=9-*=M411:8(&`=(148*7=*=&2.3&9.43=4+=9-*.7=&T==1.&9.438=<.9-`= &3)=&)&59&9.438=94`=9-*.7=5&79.(:1&7=-&'.9&98=2&>=,.;*=.38.,-9=.394=7*85438*8= <*=2&>=*=5*(9=+742=7*1&9*)=9&=&=+&(*)=<.9-=7&5.)=4(*&3=(-&3,*=+742=-:2&3= .3R=:*3(*8_= F47= *=&251*8`= 1.25*98= &9= -49= ;*398= 7*8543)= 94= -.,-= 9*25*7&9:7*= ;&7.&'.1.9>=<.9-=(438*7;&9.;*='*-&;.4:7=<-.1*=8-&114<=<&9*7=83&.18=1.;*=(148*7= 94=9-*.7=1.2.98=.3=&=<&72.3,=4(*&3_=A3)=9-*=).8(4;*7>=4+='*)8=4+=2:88*18=1.;.3,=
&74:3)=1.6:.)=CO,=;*398=1*9=:8=*=5147*=9-*=(438*6:*3(*8=4+=&=14<=5H=<471)_= V41(&34*8= 4+= '&(08&7(8= 574;.)*= .39*7*89.3,= (-&11*3,*8= 94= &3.2&18`= 8:(-= &8= ;.41*39=*7:59.438=&3)=1&0*8=4+=2419*3=8:15-:7_=A8=2:(-=&8=9-*8*=).8(4;*7.*8= +&8(.3&9*=9-*=8(.*39.898`=9-*>=&184=&7*=(&59.;&9.3,=94=5:'1.(=&:).*3(*8=<-4=(&3= 8-&7*=.3=9-*=1*88438=9-&9=9-*=)**5=4(*&3=4S=*78_= ABSTRACTS 0/
K,=:=C148.3,=A))7*88=94=9-*=W471)=C43,7*88=4+=M&1&(414,>,*+-
IT=STARTS=LIKE=THISa THE=INTERPRETATION=OF=MOLLUSCAN=DIVERSITY R4'*79=A_=D_=C&2*743 D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=&3)=P1&39=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S-*T==*1)`=S-*T==*1)=S+*=,TN`=UKb D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=C742<*11=R4&)`=L43)43=SW1=/BD`=UK=7_(&2*743 8-*T==*1)_&(_:0 W*=89:)>=2411:8(&3=).;*78.9>=&9=&=2:19.9:)*=4+=8(&1*8=.3=9.2*=&3)=85&(*`=&3)=+47=&= ;&7.*9>=4+=).S=*7*39=5:7548*8=+742=(438*7;&9.43=2&3&,*2*39=94=:3)*789&3).3,= 9-*= 574(*88*8= 4+= &3)= (43897&.398= 43= *;41:9.43_= A3= *88*39.&1= +*&9:7*= 4+= &3>= &3&1>8.8=.8=9-*=<&>=.3=<-.(-=<*=(-448*=94=)*Q=3*=).;*78.9>_=T-*=)*Q=3.9.43=4+=9-*= *39.9.*8=<*=(-448*=94=97*&9=.8=&184=(7.9.(&1=94=9-*=0.3)8=4+=6:*89.43=<*=&80=&3)=9-*= (43(1:8.438=<*=)7&<_=I=<.11=89&79=<.9-=8.251*=+&:3.89.(=.3;*3947.*8=&9=;&7.4:8= 8(&1*8=&3)=24;*=94=247*=(4251*==&3&1>8*8=)*8.,3*)=94=)*9*(9=574(*88*8=&3)= (43897&.398`=*=&2.3.3,=9-*=<&>=.3=<-.(-=4:7=&3&1>8*8=&7*=)*5*3)*39=43=9-*= 3&9:7*=4+=9-*=*39.9.*8=<*=7*(4,3.8*_=W-.1*=9&=4342.(=(&9*,47.*8=&7*=9-*=2489= 4';.4:8=84:7(*=4+=8:(-=*39.9.*8=<.9-=9-*.7=3:2*74:8=574'1*28=4+=*6:.;&1*3(*= &3)=)*Q=3.9.43`=9-*>=&7*=349=9-*=431>=43*8`=&3)=I=<.11=(438.)*7=&184=9-*=<&>8=.3= <-.(-=<*=)*Q=3*=47=(43(*59:&1.8*=49-*7=&85*(98=4+=).;*78.9>`=&3)=-4<=9-*8*=&S=*(9= 9-*=0.3)8=4+=(43(1:8.438=<*=)7&<_=S42*=5742.8.3,=.)*&8=&7*=(425742.8*)='>= :3(*79&.39>=4;*7=9-*=(422*38:7&9*=3&9:7*=4+=9-*=*39.9.*8=<*=:8*_=W-.1*=2>= *=&251*8=<.11='*=)7&<3=2&.31>=+742=9*77*897.&1=2411:8(8`=9-*=6:*89.438=7&.8*)= -&;*=&=247*=,*3*7&1=&551.(&9.43a=<-*7*=&7*=9-*=1.2.98=94=9-*=6:*89.438=<*=(&3= &80=89:)>.3,=2411:8(8=&143* 00 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+ T+ LIVING=IN=THE=EXTREMEa=MOLLUSCA=OF=CHEMOSYNTHETIC=HABITATS V*7*3&=T:33.(1. =*+`=A3)*78=W&7T3, +D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.(947.&`=V.(947.&`=BC=C&3&)&=V2W=,Y,=;*7*3&9 :;.(_(& ,D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=S<*).8-=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=SE8+*.*/=S94(0-412`=S<*)*3= &3)*78_<&7*3 372_8* M411:8(8= &7*= 2&/47= (4389.9:*398= 4+= 2&3>= 2&7.3*= -&'.9&98= <-*7*= (-*248>39-*8.8= 8:554798= -.,-= '.42&88`= 4V=*3= .3= 8*=.3,8= 4+= *=97*2*= 5->8.(48(-*2.(&1= (43).9.438_= H>)749-*72&1=;*398`=(41)=8**58`=->54=.(='&8.38`=(&7(&88=+&118=&3)=49-*7=47,&3.(=2&9*7.&18= -&;*= >.*1)*)= 2411:8(&3= 9&=&= 9-&9= 2&>= 8-4<= 8-&7*)= 97&.98= &3)= (42243= &3(*89478_= M411:8(&3=).;*78.9>=.8=-.,-=&3)=+:3(9.43&1=741*8=&7*=4V=*3=0*>=(42543*398=4+=*(48>89*2= 574(*88*8_= H>549-*8*8= 4+= 47.,.3&9.43= (&3= '*= 9*89*)= 9-74:,-= 5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8.8= &3)='>=*=&2.3&9.43=4+=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)_=A)&59&9.438=94=9-*8*=:3:8:&1=(43).9.438=&7*= *=57*88*)=.3=5->8.414,.(&1`=2475-414,.(&1=&3)='*-&;.4:7&1=97&.98`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
T+_O+
A=CONCEPTUAL=MODEL=OF=CHEMOSYMBIOSIS=EVOLUTION=
IN=THE=THYASIRIDAE S:?&33*=C_=D:+4:7`=R*'*((&=T_=B&98943*`=H*&9-*7=Z&3?*71= D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=M*247.&1=U3.;*78.9>=4+=N*<+4:3)1&3)`=S9=J4-38`=NL=A+B=-X3=C&3&)&=8):+4:7 2:3_(&`=<1/79) 2:3_(&`=-?&3?*71 2:3_(& F&(9478=1*&).3,=94=9-*=*89&'1.8-2*39=&3)=2&.39*3&3(*=4+=143,89*72`=89&'1*=&884(.&9.438= '*9<**3='.;&1;*8=&3)=(-*24&:949745-.(='&(9*7.&=&7*=349=<*11=:3)*78944)b=*=&2.3.3,= 7*1&9.;*1>= 8.251*= (-*248>2'.48*8= (4:1)= 574;.)*= .38.,-98= 43= -4<= 8:(-= 7*1&9.438-.58= 2.,-9= *;41;*_= I3= 9-*= T->&8.7.)&*`= 842*`= ':9= 349= &11= 85*(.*8= +472= 8>2'.48*8= <.9-= 8:15-:784=.).?.3,=,&22&5749*4'&(9*7.&=9-&9=&7*=2&.39&.3*)=*=97&(*11:1&71>=&243,=,.11= (*11=2.(74;.11._=S>2'.4398=1.0*1>=7*(*.;*=7*):(*)=8:15-:7`=(&7'43=).4=.)*=&3)=4=>,*3= +47= &:949745-.(= 574):(9.43= +742= 9-*= &3.2&18= ':774<.3,= &3)= ;*39.1&9.43= &(9.;.9.*8`= &3)=&7*=5*7.4).(&11>=*3,:1+*)=&3)=).,*89*)='>=9-*=-4898=*5.9-*1.&1=(*118_=R*(*39=<470= 43= &8>2'.49.(= &3)= 8>2'.49.(= 9->&8.7.)8= +742= &= ^=47)= .3= N*<+4:3)1&3)`= C&3&)&= -&8= 7*;*&1*)=&3=:3*=5*(9*)=)*,7**=4+=).;*78.9>=&243,=9-*8*=9->&8.7.)8=&8=<*11=&8=&243,= 9-*.7= 8>2'.4398_= N49&'1>`= &= (7>59.(= 85*(.*8= (4251*== 8.2.1&7= 94= T->&8.7&= ,4:1).= <&8= ABSTRACTS 01
).8(4;*7*)= .3= ^=47)`= (4257.8*)= 4+= +4:7= 45*7&9.43&1= 9&=4342.(= :3.98= OTU_= W.9-.3= 9-.8=(4251*=`=9<4=OTU8=&7*=8>2'.49.(`=<-.1*=9-*=49-*7=9<4=&7*=349`=&3)=5->14,*3*9.(= T+ 97**8=8:,,*89=9-&9=8>2'.439=1488=7&9-*7=9-&3=8>2'.439=,&.3=-&8=4((:77*)=.3=9-.8=,74:5_= W*=(425&7*)=9-*=':774<.3,=&3)=;*39.1&9.43='*-&;.4:7=4+=8>2'.49.(=&3)=&8>2'.49.(= 9->&8.7.)8= .3= *=5*7.2*39&1= 8*9:58`= &3)= +4:3)= 897.0.3,1>= 8.2.1&7= 5&=*738= &243,= 9-*= 89:).*)= 9&=&_= B&8*)= 43= 9-*8*= Q=3).3,8`= <*= 574548*= -4<= 9->&8.7.)= 8>2'.48*8= 2.,-9= '*(42*=*89&'1.8-*)`=&3)=-4<=97&38.9.438='*9<**3=&8>2'.49.(=&3)=8>2'.49.(=(43).9.438= (4:1)=9&0*=51&(*=.3=9-.8=+&2.1>_
T+_O, POPULATION=STRUCTURE=IN=THREE=POPULATIONS=OF=THE= SCALY8FOOT=GASTROPOD=INDICATE=LACK=OF=CONNECTIVITY= BETWEEN=HYDROTHERMAL=VENTS=OF=CENTRAL=INDIAN=RIDGE= AND=SOUTH=WEST=INDIAN=RIDGE C-43,=C-*3+`=J43&9-&3=T_=C451*>,`=A1*==D_=R4,*78+ +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=O=+47)`=O=+47)`=UK=(-43,_(-*3 ?44_4=_&(_:0`======&1*=_74,*78 ?44_4=_&(_:0 ,O(*&3=&3)=E&79-=S(.*3(*`=N&9.43&1=O(*&34,7&5->=C*397*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-&25943`=S4:9-&25943`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`=9-*=,*3*9.(=).;*78.9>=.3=D7&,43= Q=*1)=.8=-.,-1>=:3.6:*_=D7&,43=Q=*1)=.8=<.9-.3=9-*=&7*&=4+=9-*=Q=789=:5(42.3,=)**588*&= ->)749-*72&1=;*39=2.3.3,='>=9-*=C-.3*8*=,4;*732*39`=&3)=9-*=7*8:198=+742=9-*=57*8*39= 89:)>=-&;*=574+4:3)=.251.(&9.438=43=9-*=549*39.&1=*(414,.(&1=.25&(9=4+=8:(-=2.3.3,= &(9.;.9>_=T-.8=89:)>=.8=&184=9-*=Q=789=94=)4(:2*39=,*3*9.(=).S=*7*39.&9.43=4+=&=;*398*3)*2.(= 85*(.*8=&(7488=9<4=4(*&3.(=7.),*8=.3=9-*=I3).&3=O(*&3_=I3=&)).9.43`=9-*=:3.6:*3*88=4+= D7&,43=;*39=Q=*1)=.3=9*728=4+='.4).;*78.9>=.8=-.,-1.,-9*)='>=&=3:2'*7=4+=3*<=85*(.*8= ).8(4;*7*)=9-*7*=&8=<*11=&8=897.0.3,=).S=*7*3(*=.3=545:1&9.43=897:(9:7*=+742=49-*7=I3).&3= O(*&3=;*39=Q=*1)8_
T+_O- A=MORPHOLOGICAL=APPROACH=TO=THE=EVOLUTIONARY=HISTORY=OF= BASAL=HETEROBRANCH=FAMILIES=GASTROPODAa=ECTOBRANCHIA A3)7*&8=H&<*+`=G*7-&7)=H&8?57:3&7+`, +D*5&792*39=B.414,>=II`=LMU=M33N= *3`=B.4Z*397:2`=G74I-&)*73*7=S97_=,`=D82,+/,=P1&3*,,`=G*72&3>= &_-&<* ,2=_)* JSNSB8Z4414,.8N=*=S9&&988&221:3,=M33N=*3`=M33N=-&:8*3897&I*=,+`=2+,.1=M33N=*3`=G*72&3>b= G*4B.48C*39*7=4+=9-*=L:)<.,8M&=.2.1.&388U3.;*78.9C9=M33N=*3=-&8?. ?82_2<3_)* W-*7*&8=241*(:1&7=)&9&=&3)=&3&1>8*8=-&;*=8:'89&39.&11>=.2574;*)=4:7=:3)*789&3).3,= 4+= 5->14,*3*9.(= 7*1&9.438-.58`= 2475-414,>= 89.11= .8= ;&1:&'1*= &= &8= &3= .3)*5*3)*39= 02 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
)&9&88*9=+47=).7*(9=5->14,*3*9.(=&3&1>8.8=&3)='=94=9*11=9-*=97**`=._*_=94=)*8(7.'*=9-*= T+ *;41:9.43&7>=34;*19.*8=&3)=574(*88*8=):7.3,=).;*78.Q=(&9.>=4+=&=9&=43=&3)=(=94=.3+*7= 9-*=(-&7&(9*78=4+=.98=89*2=85*(.*8_=A((47).3,1>`=<*=.3;*89.,&9*)=8*;*7&1=+&2.1.*8=4+='&8&1= -*9*74'7&3(-=,&897454)8=24891>='&8*)=43=8*2.89-.3=8*(9.43=8*7.*8=&3)=(425:9*78&.)*)= -D87*(43897:(9.438_= B&8*)=43=(:77*39=034<1*),*=9-*=E(94'7&3(-.&=V&1;&94.)*&=.3(1:)*=H>&14,>7.3.)&*`= X>14).8(:1.)&*`=C473.74897.)&*=&11=2&7.3*=+4728`=&3)=V&1;&9.)&*=9-*=431>=+&2.1>=.3= +7*8-<&9*7=-&'.9&98_=F47=&='*=*7=:3)*789&3).3,=4+=349=431>=*(94'7&3(-=':9=&184='&8&1= -*9*74'7&3(-=7*1&9.438-.58=<*=(438:19*)=(-&7&(9*78=4+=+:79-*7='&8.(=&114,&897454)8`= 3&2*1>= A7(-.9*(943.(.)&*`= M&9-.1.)&*`= O2&14,>7.3.)&*`= &3)= O7'.9*89*11.)&*_= S42*= 57*1.2.3&7>=7*8:198=4+=9-*8*=89:).*8=&7*=57*8*39*)a A11=E(94'7&3(-.&=&7*=).&,3489.(&11>=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=9-*.7=*=9*3)&'1*='.5*(9.3&9*=,.11`= <-.(-=.8=&=8*(43)&7>=897:(9:7*=7&9-*7=9-&3=&=57.2.9.;*=9>5*=4+=(9*3.).:2=&8=+472*71>= '*1.*;*)=&3)=9-:8=(438.)*7*)=&8=&=8>3&542475->_=A((47).3,1>`=9-*=O7'.9*89*11.)&*=&7*= 94='*=*=(1:)*)=+742=9-*=E(94'7&3(-.&`=&=7*8:19`=&184='*.3,=8:55479*)='>=7*(*39=241*(:1&7= 89:).*8a=9-*>=*39.7*1>=1&(0=&=,.11=&3)=8-4<=&=7&).(&11>=).S=*7*39=,*3.9&1=8>89*2=<.9-=&= 5*)&11>= .33*7;&9*)= 5*3.8_= T-*= 7-.5.)4,1488&9*= 7&):1&= 4+= H>&14,>7.3.)&*= 574'&'1>= .8= &= 7*9&.3*)= 51*8.42475-.(= (43).9.43`= 9-:8= 9-*= 9&*3.4,1488&9*= 7&):1&*= 4+= 8*;*7&1= -*9*74'7&3(-=9&=&=.8=&=2&=*7=4+=(43;*7,*3(*=94=C&*34,&897454)&`=&3)=9-*=E(94'7&3(-.&= )4=574'&'1>=7*57*8*39=9-*=Q=789=*=9&39=4S=8-449=4+=H*9*74'7&3(-.&_= I9= .8= 6:.9*= 1.0*1>= 9-&9= 842*= 247*= 57.3(.5&1= *=9&39= (1&)*8= 4+= '&8&1= -*9*74'7&3(-8= )4= *=.89`=2&3>=85*(.*8='&8*)=43=8-*11=)*8(7.59.438=&143*=3**)=&3&942.(&1=.3;*89.,&9.438_= A((47).3,1>`= 4:7= (:77*39= 2&.3= ,4&1= .8= 94= <.)*3= 9-*= )&9&8'&8*= &3)= 94= (477*1&9*= 9-*= 2475-414,.(&1=)&9&=<.9-=9-*=7*8:198=+742=9-*=;&7.4:8=241*(:1&7=&3&1>8*8=94<&7)8=&3= .39*,7&9.;*=&5574&(-=4+=5->14,*3>_=
T+_O. SEASONAL=VARIABILITY=IN=A=DYNAMIC=SYMBIOTIC=RELATIONSHIPa= THYASIRA=AFF_=GOULDI=AND=ITS=CHEMOSYNTHETIC=BACTERIAL= SYMBIONTS J&843=R4'*79=L&:7.(-`=S:?&33*=C_=D:+4:7 D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=M*247.&1=U3.;*78.9>=4+=N*<+4:3)1&3)`=A+C=/S1=S9_=J4-38`=N*<+4:3)1&3)`= C&3&)&=/_1&:7.(- 2:3_(&`=8):+4:7 2:3_(& T-*=T->&8.7.)&*=B.;&1;.&a=M411:8(&=(4389.9:9*=&3=:3:8:&1=+&2.1>=4+=(-*248>2'.49.(= '.;&1;*8`=).851&>.3,=&=7*2&70&'1*=)*,7**=4+=;&7.&9.43=.3=9-*=*=9*39=4+=2475-414,.(&1= &)&59&9.438=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=9-*=-489.3,=4+=8>2'.49.(=(-*248>39-*9.(='&(9*7.&_=W.9-.3= 9-*=+&2.1>`=5->14,*3*9.(=(438*7;&9.43=4+=&=8>2'.49.(=7*1&9.438-.5=<.9-=(-*248>39-*9.(= '&(9*7.&=&3)=&884(.&9*)=-489=&)&59&9.438=.8=14<`=<.9-=897.0.3,=.39*7885*(.Q=(=;&7.&'.1.9>=.3= '49-=3:97.9.43&1=897&9*,>=&3)=9-*=5488*88.43=4+=8>2'.4398=*=.89.3,=<.9-.3=&=8.3,1*=,*3:8= T->&8.7&_=I3=&)).9.43`=8>2'.49.(=9->&8.7.)8=&7*=2.=49745-.(=&3)=2&>=*=-.'.9=8.,3.Q=(&39= 9*2547&1= ;&7.&9.43= .3= 9-*= .25479&3(*= &3)= 2*9&'41.(= (4397.':9.43= 4+= 8>2'.49.(&11>8 )*7.;*)= 3:97.9.43`= 9-4:,-= 9-*= *=9*39= 4+= 9-.8= 9*2547&1= ;&7.&'.1.9>= .3= -489= 3:97.9.43&1= 897&9*,>=7*2&.38=54471>=(-&7&(9*7.?*)_=I3=9-.8=89:)>`=<*=.3;*89.,&9*)=9-*=5488.'.1.9>=4+=&= 3&9:7&11>=4((:77.3,=8*&843&1=97*3)=.3=9-*=3:97.9.43&1=897&9*,>=&3)=8>2'.439=&':3)&3(*= 4+=T->&8.7&=&S=_=,4:1)._ T->&8.7&=&S=_=,4:1).=.8=&=2.=49745-.(`=8>2'.49.(=9->&8.7.)=+4:3)=.3=9-*=47,&3.(&11>=*37.(-*)= ABSTRACTS 03
8*).2*398= 4+= B433*= B&>`= N*<+4:3)1&3)= C&3&)&_= T-4:,-= .9= 5488*88*8= 9-*= (7:(.&1= &)&59&9.438=94=2&.39&.3.3,=&=8>2'.49.(=7*1&9.438-.5=<.9-=*=97&(*11:1&7=(-*248>39-*9.(= T+ '&(9*7.&`=8:(-=&8=*31&7,*)=,.118=<.9-=*=9*38.;*=&'+7439&1=*=5&38.43=4+=9-*=,.11=Q=1&2*398`= .9=7*9&.38=&3)=5&79.&11>=7*1.*8=:543=.98=&'.1.9>=94=+**)=43=5&79.(:1&9*=47,&3.(=2&=*7_=W*= .3;*89.,&9*)=9-*=5488.'.1.9>=9-&9=9-*=7*1&9.;*=3:97.9.43&1=.25479&3(*=4+=9-*=8>2'.48.8=.3= T->&8.7&=& =_=,4:1).=;&7.*8=8*&843&11>='>=6:&39.+>.3,=9-*=&':3)&3(*=4+='&(9*7.&1=8>2'.4398= &884(.&9*)= <.9-= -489= ,.11= '&(9*7.4(>9*8_= T-*= &':3)&3(*= 4+= *=97&(*11:1&7= 9-.49745-.(= 8>2'.4398=8-4<*)=8.,3.Q=(&39=9*2547&1=;&7.&9.43`=<.9-=&=2.3.2:2=):7.3,=9-*=2439-8= 4+=*&71>=857.3,=A57.18M&>=&V=*7=<-.(-=9-*=545:1&9.43=4+='&(9*7.&1=8>2'.4398=89*&).1>= .3(7*&8*)=94<&7)8=&=2&=.2:2=):7.3,=9-*=1&9*=8:22*7=&3)=*&71>=+&11=A:,:898O(94'*7_= T-.8= 3&9:7&11>= 4((:77.3,= 8*&843&1= ;&7.&'.1.9>= .3= 8>2'.439= &':3)&3(*= -.,-1.,-98= 9-*= 3:97.9.43&1=R=*=.'.1.9>=4+=9->&8.7.)='.;&1;*8`=&3)=.11:897&9*8=9-*=2&70*)=*S=*(9=4+=3&9:7&11>= 4((:77.3,=*3;.7432*39&1=;&7.&9.43=43=9-*=3:97.9.43&1=897&9*,>=4+=9-*=-4898=3:97.9.43&1= 897&9*,>_
T+_O/ TAXONOMIC=REVIEW=OF=TURBONILLA=GASTROPODAa=PYRAMIDELLIDAE= COLLECTED=THROUGH=THE=MD//=EXPEDITION`=OFF=SE=COAST=OF=BRAZIL R&(-*1=T:7'&=)*=P&:1&`=A1*=&3)7*=D.&8=P.2*39& S*947=)*=M&1&(414,.&`=D*5&79&2*394=)*=I3;*79*'7&)48`=MNRJ=:=Q:.39&=)&=B4&=V.89&`=SD4=C7.89;D4`= R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=B7&8.1`=CEPa=,*3.*8*.*=79:7'&*1 -492&.1_(42`=&)5.2*39& >&-44_(42_'7 K34<1*),*=43=9&=4342>=&3)=).;*78.9>=4+=9-*=2&7.3*=,&897454)=+&2.1>=P>7&2.)*11.)&*= +742=B7&?.1=-&8=,74<3=(438.)*7&'1>=.3=7*(*39=>*&78`=8:22.3,=:5=94=/*=85*(.*8=7*(47)*)_= H4<*;*7`= 9-*8*= 89:).*8= <*7*= 24891>= 7*897.(9*)= 94= 85*(.*8= +742= 9-*= (439.3*39&1= 8-*1+= *8,**=2_=T-.8=89:)>=.8=&=9&=4342.(=7*;.*<=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=T:7'43.11&=(411*(9*)=):7.3,= 9-*= MD//= *=5*).9.43= .3= +321`= 4S== 9-*= SE= B7&?.1.&3= (4&89= &'4:9= ,*J= S`= .3(1:).3,= 9-*= 8*&24:398=(-&.3=4+=V.947.&8T7.3)&)*`=.3=&=949&1=4+=,,=89&9.438=+742=)*59-8=4+=+/=94=-_./*= 2_=F479>88*;*3=9&=&=<*7*=7*(4,3.?*)`=4+=<-.(-=+0=<*7*=&17*&)>=57*;.4:81>=7*5479*)=+47= B7&?.1`=43*=-&)=.98=).897.':9.43=*=5&3)*)=94=9-*=84:9-=A91&39.(`=&3)=9-.79>=(477*8543)=94= 3*<=9&=&_=A19-4:,-=9-*7*=.8=&=8:'89&39.&1=.3(7*&8*=.3=3:2'*7=4+=85*(.*8=+47=9-*=B7&?.1.&3= +&:3&=4+=T:7'43.11&`=<*=(&3=89.11=*=5*(9=,7*&9*7=7.(-3*88=8.3(*=9-*7*=&7*=2&3>=51&(*8=89.11= 349=*=5147*)`=*85*(.&11>=9-*=)**588*&_
T+_O0 ENVIRONMENTAL=IMPACTS=ON=THE=EVOLUTION=OF= METHANE=SEEP=MOLLUSKS S9*S=*3=K.*1 G*47,8A:,:898U3.;*78.9C9=G=.3,*3`=GZG`=G*4'.414,>=G74:5`=G41)8N=2.)9897_=-`=-1*11=G=.3,*3`= G*72&3>=80.*1 :3.8,4*=.3,*3_)*= N*<=2411:80=9&=&=-&;*=(4143.?*)=(-*248>39-*9.(=*(48>89*28=9-74:,-=2489=4+=E&79-= -.8947>_=B:9=<&8=9-*=9.2.3,=4+=9-*8*=(4143.?&9.438=894(-&89.(=47=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=(*79&.3= .25479&39=*;*398=9-&9=.39*77:59*)=143,=5*7.4)8=4+=*;41:9.43&7>=89&8.8=A))7*88.3,=9-.8= 6:*89.43=9-74:,-=&=(42'.3&9.43=4+=+488.1=&3)=241*(:1&7=)&9&=89&798=94=7*;*&1=&=)>3&2.(= -.8947>=4+=(4143.?&9.43=&3)=7&).&9.43=9-&9=.8=1.30*)=94=,14'&1=*3;.7432*39&1=(-&3,*8_= 1* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+_O1 T+ ARE=EVOLUTIONARY=STRATEGIES=FOR=A=LIFE=ON=SUNKEN=WOOD= COMMON=OR=DISTINCT=IN=DEEP8SEA=LIMPETS J*33&=J:),* D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&=B*70*1*>`=+**/=V&11*>=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,`= B*70*1*>`=CA=3.1,*8-+.*=/*33&/:),* '*70*1*>_*):= N:2*74:8=2411:8(&3=9&=&=-&;*=(4143.?*)=(-*248>39-*9.(=&3)='.4,*3.(=8:'897&9*8=.3= 9-*= )**5= 8*&`= ':9= 43*= (1&)*`= 9-*= L*5*9*114.)*&`= 89&3)8= 4:9= &8= -&;.3,= ).;*78.Q=*)= &3)= 85*(.&1.?*)= 94= 1.;*= 43= &3= .3(7*).'1*= ;&7.*9>= 4+= 8:(-= 8:'897&9*8_= T-*= L*5*9*114.)*&= &7*= 82&11= ;*9.,&897454)= 1.25*98= 9-&9= -&;*= 9-:8= +&7= '**3= +4:3)= 43= 8:'897&9*8= 7&3,.3,= +742= ->)749-*72&1= ;*398`= (41)= 8**58`= 8:30*3= <44)`= &3)= <-&1*= '43*8= 94= 541>(-&*9*= 9:'*8`=(-43)7.(-9->&3=*,,=(&8*8`=(7&'=(&7&5&(*8`=1*&;*8`=&1,&1=-41)+&898`=8543,*8`=&3)= Q=8-= '43*8= &243,= 49-*7= 47,&3.(= +&118_= H.8947.(&11>`=9-.8= 8:5*7+&2.1>= <&8= ).;.)*)= .394= +&2.1.*8='&8*)=43=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78`=<-.(-=9*3)*)=94=:3.9*=9&=&=9-&9=1.;*)=43= (42243=8:'897&9*8_=R*(*39=241*(:1&7=*;.)*3(*=8**=5489*7='>=K&34=*9=&1_=-&8=.3).(&9*)= 9-&9=8*;*7&1=4+=9-*8*=+&2.1.*8=&7*=541>5->1*9.(=&3)=9-&9=842*=4+=9-*8*=8:'897&9*8=-&;*= '**3= (4143.?*)= .3)*5*3)*391>= 8*;*7&1= 9.2*8_= L.3*&,*8= 9-&9= &7*= 34<= 034<3= 94= -&;*= .3)*5*3)*391>=(4143.?*)=9-*=8&2*=8:'897&9*`=8:(-=&8=<44)`=2&>=-&;*=&)&59*)=94=9-&9= -&'.9&9= ;.&= (42243= 47= ).89.3(9= *;41:9.43&7>= 5&9-<&>8_= T4= 9*89= '*9<**3= 9-*8*= 9<4= 5&9-<&>8`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
T+_O2 EVOLUTION=AND=RADIATION=OF=NEOMPHALINE=GASTROPODSa= TRUE=ANTIQUITY=AT=HYDROTHERMAL=VENTS Y&8:347.=K&34+`=A3)*78=W&7S3, +A92485-*7*=&3)=O(*&3=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T40>4`=/8+8/=K&8-.<&34-&`=K&8-.<&`= C-.'&=,1182/0.`=J&5&3=0&34 &47._:8940>4_&(_/5= ,S<*).8-=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B4==/***1`=SE8+*.*/=S94(0-412`=S<*)*3=A3)*78_W&7*3 372_8*= T-*=->)749-*72&1=;*39=+&:3&=<&8=43(*=(438.)*7*)=94='*=)42.3&9*)='>=5->14,*3*9.(= 7*1.(98`= '*.3,= .841&9*)= +742= 49-*7= )**588*&= +&:3&8= 9-&9= 7*1>= 43= 5-4948>39-*8.8_== N*425-&1.)=1.25*98=&143,=<.9-=89&10*)='&73&(1*8=7*57*8*39*)= 1.;.3,=+488.18=.3=;*398= <.9-= &88:2*)= (433*(9.438= <.9-= *=9.3(9= P&1&*4?4.(= ,74:58_= = R*(*39= 89:).*8= :8.3,= 241*(:1&7=&3)=+488.1=)&9&=7*/*(9=9-*=,*3*7&1=&39.6:.9>=&3)=.389*&)=8:,,*89=(438.)*7&'1*= (-&3,*8= .3= 9-*= 9&=4342.(= (42548.9.43= 4+= ;*39= (422:3.9.*8= 9-74:,-= 9.2*`= &8= .3= 9-*= (&8*= +47= &2'.*39= )**588*&= -&'.9&98_= = H4<*;*7`= 9-*= *;41:9.43&7>= 47.,.3= 4+= 9-*= .(43.(= N*425-&1:8=-&8=349='**3=.3;*89.,&9*)=.3=&=5->14,*3*9.(=(439*=9_ H*7*=<*=57*8*39=9-*=Q=789=(4257*-*38.;*=5->14,*3>=4+=N*425-&1.3&='&8*)=43=+4:7=,*3*= ABSTRACTS 1+
8*6:*3(*8=+742=./=.3,74:5=85*(.*8='*143,.3,=94=,/=,*3*7&_==B&>*8.&3=&3)=2&=.2:28 1.0*1.-44)=7*(43897:(9.43=4+=97**=945414,>=&3)=&3(*897&1=(-&7&(9*7=89&9*8=7*;*&1*)=9-&9= T+ +=N*425-&1.3&=(4257.8*=9-7**=24345->1*9.(=+&2.1.*8=<.9-=:37*841;*)=7*1&9.438-.58= 94= 43*= &349-*7b= ,= 9-*= 3*<1>= )*Q=3*)= N*425-&1.)&*= .3(1:)*= '&8&1= 8**5= 9&=&= &3)= 9*72.3&1=;*39=(1&)*8b=-=M*1&34)7>2..)&*=.3-&'.9=;*398`=8**58=&3)=8:30*38<44)=<.9-= &3=.3)*9*72.3&9*=541&7.9>b=&3)=.=P*19485.7.)&*=&7*=*3)*2.(=94=;*398=24891>=3*&7=&(9.;*= (-.23*>8_==/=C4((:1.34.)*&=+4728=.98=8.89*7=(1&)*`=8:55479*)=841*1>=':9=89743,1>='>= +2S=8*6:*3(*8b=<44)=&3)=49-*7=47,&3.(=8:'897&9*8=&8=-&'.9&98=+47=&11=(4((:1.34.)8=548*= &3=.39*7*89.3,=5488.'.1.9>=9-&9=9-*=(42243=&3(*8947=4+=9-*=9<4=(1&)*8=1.;*)=.3=8:(-=&= 7*):(.3,=*3;.7432*39_==0=M41*(:1&7=(14(0=&3&1>8*8='&8*)=43=E4(*3*=+488.18=+47=.3,74:5= 34)*8=&3)247=41)*7=(&1.'7&9.43=54.398=+47=4:9,74:58=8:,,*89*)=9-&9=9-*=Q=789=851.9=<.9-.3= N*425-&1.3&=)&9*8='&(0=&9=1*&89=94=9-*=*&71>22.))1*=C7*9&(*4:8`=7&).&9.43=4+=9-*=;*398 *3)*2.(= P*19485.7.)&*= &184= .3= 9-*= C7*9&(*4:8= &3)= 851.9= '*9<**3= N*425-&1.3&= &3)= C4((:1.34.)*&=.3=9-*=P&1&*4?4.(=47=*&71>=M*84?4.(_=D*85.9*=9-*=&'8*3(*=4+=).7*(9=&3)= :3*6:.;4(&1=M*84?4.(=+488.1=*;.)*3(*`=9-*=N*425-&1.3&=8**2=94=7*57*8*39=&=7*1&9.;*1>= 41)= ;*39= ,74:5= 9-&9= <&8= 349= <.5*)= 4:9= '>= 9-*= ,14'&1= &34=.&= .3= 9-*= C7*9&(*4:8= &3)= P&1&*4,*3*_
T+_P+ GASTROPODS=FROM=UPPER=CRETACEOUS=3+=MILLION=YEAR=OLD= HYDROTHERMAL=VENT=DEPOSITS=FROM=CYPRUS A3)7?*/=K&.2+`=C7.85.3=T_=S_=L.=1*,`=E11*3=M*&78, +I389>9:9=P&1*4'.414,..=PAN`=:1_=T<&7)&=/+2//`=**82+2=W&78?&<&`=P41&3)=K&.2 9<&7)&_5&3_51= ,S(-441=4+=E&79-=&3)=E3;.7432*39`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=L**)8`=L**)8=LS,=3JT`=UK======C_T_S_L.=1* *&79-_1**)8_&(_:0`=**++*22 1**)8_&8_:0= T-*= T744)48= O5-.41.9*= +742= C>57:8= .8= &= 3+= 2.11.43= >*&7= 41)= U55*7= C7*9&(*4:8b= T:743.&3=5.*(*=4+=T*9->&3=4(*&3=8*&R=447=9-&9=(439&.38=3:2*74:8=->)749-*72&1=;*39= )*548.98_=T-7**=4+=9-*8*=K&2'.&`=K.34:8&=&3)=M*2.=(439&.3=7*1&9.;*1>=<*11857*8*7;*)= 5>7.9.?*)=;*39=,&897454)8_=S42*=4+=9-*8*=<*7*=.11:897&9*)=.3=L.=1*=*9=&1_=+333=':9=3*;*7= )*8(7.'*)=.3=)*9&.1=&3)=3*<=2&9*7.&1=+4:3)=&V=*7=9-.8=5:'1.(&9.43=&))*)=8*;*7&1=3*<= 7*1&9.;*1>=<*11=57*8*7;*)=85*(.2*38_=T-*=,&897454)=+&:3&=.3=C>57.49=;*398=.8=)42.3&9*)= 82&11= 85*(.2*38= <.9-= &= ,7488= (*7.9-.4.)= 2475-414,>= &3)= .)*39.Q=*)= &8= 8:(-= .3= L.=1*= *9=&1_=+333_=H4<*;*7`=&=3*<=574;&33.)81.0*=57494(43(-=85*(.2*3=89743,1>=8:554798= 9-*8*=,&897454)8='*.3,=574;&33.)8_=T-*=,&897454)=57*1.2.3&7.1>=.)*39.Q=*)='>=L.=1*=*9= &1_=+333=&8=&3*5.943..)=.8=2:(-=7&7*7=&3)=2.,-9='*=7*1&9*)=94=P&80*39&3&`=&=8:5548*)= J:7&88.(2C7*9&(*4:8=574;&334.)_=S42*=3*<=85*(.2*38=+4:3)=.3=9-*=C>57.49=;*398=&7*= 7*2.3.8(*39=4+=*=9.3(9=8**587*897.(9*)=+&2.1>=H400&.)4(43(-.)&*`=<-.(-=&7*=&3(*897&1= 47=&=8.89*7=,74:5=94=9-*=P74;&33.)&*_=A349-*7=8.3,1*=5&79.&1=85*(.2*3=2.,-9='*=7*1&9*)= 94=A'>884(-7>848=,.,&39*:2=034<3=+742=E&71>=C7*9&(*4:8=8**58=.3=C&1.+473.&_=T-*=2489= .397.,:.3,=+*&9:7*=4+=9-*=C>57.49=;*39=,&897454)=+&:3&=.8=&=949&1=1&(0=4+=;*9.,&897454)8`= *.9-*7= 1.25*988-&5*)= 47= 85.7&1= 8-&5*)`= <-.(-= &7*= ;*7>= (42243= .3= 24)*73= ;*39= (422:3.9.*8_ 1, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+_P, T+ SUPERTREES=HELP=ILLUSTRATE=PATTERNS=ACROSS=BROAD=TAXONOMIC`= YET=FINE=ECOLOGICAL=SCALESa=THE=CASE=OF=BIVALVE=AND=GASTROPOD= COLONIZATION=OF=CHEMOSYNTHETIC=HABITATS J*33&=J:),*`=L:(>=C-&3,`=D&;.)=L.3)'*7, D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=B.414,>=]=M:8*:2=4+=P&1*439414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&=B*70*1*>`= +**/=V&11*>=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,`=B*70*1*>`=CA=3.1,*8-+.*=/*33&/:),* '*70*1*>_*):`======1:(-&3, '*70*1*>_*):`=)71 '*70*1*>_*):= M411:8(8=&7*=(&5&'1*=4+=.3-&'.9.3,=3*&71>=*;*7>=5&79=4+=9-*='.485-*7*=&3)=&7*=8*(43)=431>= 94=&79-7454)8=.3=&3.2&1=).;*78.9>_=A8=8:(-`=9-*7*=&7*=2&3>=6:*89.438=<*=(&3=&80=7*,&7).3,= 5&=*738=4+=2411:8(&3=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=&3)=2&3>=7*8*&7(-*78=-&;*=(4397.':9*)=034<1*),*= .3=9-*=+472=4+=5->14,*3.*8=+4(:8*)=&9=;&7.4:8=9&=4342.(=&3)=,*4,7&5-.(&1=8(&1*8_=S42*= *(414,.(&1= &3)= *;41:9.43&7>= 6:*89.438= 7*6:.7*= &= Q=3*1>= 8&251*)= 5->14,*3>`= *85*(.&11>= .+=9-*=2475-414,.(&1=&3)247=*(414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78=4+=.39*7*89=&7*=-.,-1>=;&7.&'1*=<.9-.3= &3)=&(7488=(1&)*8_=H4<*;*7`=.+=43*=<&398=94=.3;*89.,&9*=5&=*738=4+=(-&7&(9*7=*;41:9.43= &(7488=&=1&7,*=,74:5`=8:(-=&8=&11='.;&1;*8=47=&11=,&897454)8`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`=<*=.11:897&9*=5&=*738= 4+= '.;&1;*= &3)= ,&897454)= 1.3*&,*8= .3-&'.9.3,= :3.6:*= )**588*&= -&'.9&98a= ->)749-*72&1= ;*398`= (41)= 8**58`= <-&1*= +&118`= &3)= 8:30*3= <44)_= T-.8= *=*7(.8*= &114<8= :8= 94= ;.8:&1.?*= 9-*=2:19.51*=(4143.?&9.43=&3)=85*(.&1.?&9.43=*;*398=9-&9=-&;*=4((:77*)=4;*7='.;&1;*=&3)= ,&897454)=*;41:9.43=&3)=9-*=-.,-*7=574(1.;.9>=4+=842*=(1&)*8=94<&7)8=85*(.&1.?.3,=&3)247= ).;*78.+>.3,=<.9-.3=9-*8*=-&'.9&98_=T-*=8:5*797**=&5574&(-=.8=&=7.,474:8=<&>=94=574):(*= (438*38:8=97**8=9-&9=7*R=*(9=9-*=(:77*39=034<1*),*=4+='.;&1;*=&3)=,&897454)=7*1&9.438-.58`= <-.(-=(&3='*=:8*)=94=&))7*88=6:*89.438=4+='74&)=9&=4342.(=&3)=Q=3*=*(414,.(&1=8(&1*8_
T+_P- ILLUMINATING=RELATIONSHIPS=AND=HABITAT=SHIFTS=IN=THE= LEPETELLOIDEAN=LIMPET=RADIATION=INTO=DEEP8SEA=ORGANIC=AND= CHEMOSYNTHETIC=HABITATSa=A=MOLECULAR=APPROACH Y&8:347.=K&34+`=J*33&=J:),*,`=T8:>48-.=T&0&34+`=B7:(*=M&78-&11-`=A3)*78=W&7T3. +A92485-*7*=&3)=O(*&3=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T40>4`=/8+8/=K&8-.<&34-&`=K&8-.<&`=C-.'&=,118 2/0.`=J&5&3=0&34 &47._:8940>4_&(_/5b==&0&34 &47._:8940>4_&(_/5= ,D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&=B*70*1*>`=+**/=V&11*>=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,`= B*70*1*>`=CA=3.1,*8-+.*=/*33&/:),* '*70*1*>_*):= -M:8*:2=4+=N*<=Z*&1&3)=T*=P&5&=T43,&7*<&`=P489=OT==(*=B4==.01`=+03=T47>=S97**9`=W*11.3,943`= N*<=Z*&1&3)='7:(*2 9*5&5&_,4;9_3?= .S<*).8-=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B4==/***1`=SE8+*.*/=S94(0-412`=S<*)*3=A3)*78_W&7*3 372_8*= S:30*3=<44)=&3)=<-&1*=(&7(&88*8=.3=9-*=)**588*&=-&;*=&=7&(9*)=.3(7*&8.3,=&=*39.43= ):*= 94= 9-*.7= *(414,.(&1= &3)= +&:3.89.(= 8.2.1&7.9>= 94= ->)749-*72&1= ;*39= &3)= (41)= 8**5= ABSTRACTS 1-
*3;.7432*398_=S:(-=47,&3.(=8:'897&9*8=&7*=4V=*3=7*,&7)*)=&8= 89*55.3,=8943*8=.3=9-*= *;41:9.43&7>=.3;&8.43=4+=;*398=&3)=8**58_=T-*=L*5*9*114.)*&=7*57*8*39=9-*=2489=).;*78*= T+ 1.3*&,*=&243,=&3.2&1=,74:58=.3=9*728=4+=9-*.7=:9.1.?&9.43=4+=).S=*7*39=)**588*&=47,&3.(= 8:'897&9*8= 9-&9= .3(1:)*= <44)`= 1*&;*8`= 8:30*3= &1,&1= -41)+&898`= <-&1*= &3)= Q=8-= '43*8`= (-43)7.(-9->&3= *,,= (&8*8`= 541>(-&*9*= 9:'*8`= )*97.9&1= (*5-&1454)= '*&08= &3)= 8543,*8= &243,=49-*78_=W-.1*=343*=-&;*='**3=+4:3)=+742=&2'.*39=.347,&3.(=8:'897&9*8`=842*= .3-&'.9= ;*398= &3)= 8**58_= T-*.7= 5&9*11.+472= 8-*118= &7*= 7*1&9.;*1>= 8.2.1&7= 94= *&(-= 49-*7`= <-.1*= 9-*= 7&):1&*= 8-4<= (4385.(:4:8= 24).Q=(&9.438= &1.,3*)= <.9-= 5&79.(:1&7= -&'.9&98`= <-.(-=1*)=94=9-*=.3974):(9.43=4+=*.,-9=+&2.1.*8=&3)=9*3=8:'+&2.1.*8=+47=0+**=)*8(7.'*)= 85*(.*8_ H*7*= <*= 57*8*39= 9-*= Q=789= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3>= 4+= L*5*9*114.)*&`= '&8*)= 43= Q=;*= ,*3*= 8*6:*3(*8=+742=&5574=.2&9*1>=0*=85*(.*8=,-=,*3*7&=(4;*7.3,=&11=*=9&39=+&2.1.*8=&3)= 8:'+&2.1.*8_= B&>*8.&3= &3)= 2&=.2:281.0*1.-44)= 7*(43897:(9.43= 4+= 97**= 945414,>= &3)= &3(*897&1=(-&7&(9*7=89&9*8=8:,,*898=9-&9=9-*=L*5*9*114.)*&=+=&748*=+742=&=?*:,4'7&3(-= &3(*8947=<.9-=9-*=L*5*94)7.14.)*&=&8=9-*=8.89*7=9&=43`=,='*&7=9-*=97:*=,.11=47=(9*3.).:2= <-.1*=9-*=7.,-9=43*=-&8='**3=1489=8*;*7&1=9.2*8`=&3)=-=43(*=-&)=&=1448*1>=(4.1*)=8-*11= &8=*=-.'.9*)='>=9-*='&8&182489=H*1.(45*19&_=.=T-*=-.,-1>=&542475-.(=7&):1&*=)4=349= 4S=*7= 8:.9&'1*= .3+472&9.43= +47= )**5= 5->14,*3>`=':9= 7*R=*(9= ).*9&7>= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= &3)= (43;*7,*39=*;41:9.43=43=8.2.1&7=8:'897&9*8_=F.3&11>`=/=*&(-=4+=9-*=<44)`=<-&1*=(&7(&88`= 8**5=&3)=;*39=*3;.7432*398=.8=.3-&'.9*)='>=2:19.51*=1.3*&,*8`=&3)=0=9-*=-&'.9&9=8-.V=8= -&;*='**3=944=+7*6:*39=94=&114<=&=7.,474:8=*89.2&9*=4+=&3(*897&1=(43).9.438`=&19-4:,-= ;*39= &3)= 8**5= 1.3*&,*8= 9*3)= 94= &55*&7= &8= 9*72.3&1= (1&)*8`= 5488.'1>= 8:55479.3,= 9-*= 89*55.3,88943*=->549-*8.8_
T+_P. GASTROPODS=AND=BIVALVES=OF=THE=EAST=SCOTIA=RIDGE= VENT=ECOSYSTEMS K&97.3=L.38*+`=P&:1=T>1*7,`=9-*=NERC=C-E8S4=(438479.:2 +B7.9.8-=A39&7(9.(=S:7;*>`=H.,-=C7488`=M&).3,1*>=R4&)`=C&2'7.),*`=CB-=*ET`=UK=01 '&8_&(_:0 ,O(*&3=&3)=E&79-=S(.*3(*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-&25943`=W&9*7+7439=C&25:8`=S4:9-&25943`=SO+.=-ZH`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`=P*19485.7.)&*=85_`= P74;&33.)&*=85_=&3)=S0*3*.)&*=85_=T-*=K*25=C&1)*7&=;*39.3,=8.9*8=-489*)=9-*=8&2*= 85*(.*8= 4+= L*5*94)7.1:8= 85_`= &= P>745*19&= 85_= &3)= 9-*= 9<4= '.;&1;*8= 85*(.*8`= 43*= *&(-= 4+= T->&8.7.)&*=&3)=V*8.(42>.)&*_=S5*(.2*38=4+=O89*45*19.)&*=<*7*=+4:3)=43=9-*=<-&1*= +&11=3*=9=94=L*5*94)7.1:8=85_=&3)=P>745*19&=85_=H*7*=<*=57*8*39=9&=4342.(=&3)=*(414,.(&1= .3+472&9.43=43=9-*=,&897454)=&3)='.;&1;*=85*(.*8=).8(4;*7*)_ 1. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+_P/ T+ POPULATION=CONNECTIVITY=AND=SPECIATION=OF=VENT=MUSSELS=FROM= THE=MID8ATLANTIC=RIDGEa=AN=INTERDISCIPLINARY=APPROACH C47.33&=B7*:8.3,+`=A73*=B.&894(-+`=A33&=M*9&=&8,`=F7&30=M*1?3*7+` T-4789*3=B_=H_=R*:8(-+ +GEOMAR=H*12-419?=C*397*=+47=O(*&3=R*8*&7(-`=D389*73'7440*7=W*,=,*`=,.+*/=K.*1`=G*72&3>= ('7*:8.3, ,*42&7_)*`=&'.&894(- ,*42&7_)*`=+2*1?3*7 ,*42&7_)*`=97*:8(- ,*42&7_)* ,D&1-4:8.*=U3.;*78.9>`=+-//=O=+47)=S97**9`=H&1.+&=`=N4;&=S(49.&=B-H=.R,`=C&3&)&=2*9&=&8 )&1_(&= K34<1*),*= &'4:9= 9-*= ,*3*9.(= (433*(9.;.9>= 4+= 545:1&9.438= &3)= 9-*= 2*(-&3.828= :3)*71>.3,= 85*(.&9.43= .8= &3= .25479&39= 7*6:.7*2*39= +47= '.4).;*78.9>= (438*7;&9.43_= H4<*;*7`=)*85.9*=9-*=+&(9=9-&9=8:(-=.3+472&9.43=.8=,*3*7&11>=85&78*=+47=)**5=8*&='.49&`= 9-*= )*2&3)8= +47= 2.3.3,= 4+=8*&R=447= 2.3*7&1= 7*84:7(*8= &7*= .3(7*&8.3,_= U8.3,= 2:88*18= 4+=9-*=,*3:8=B&9->24).41:8=&8=&=24)*1=8>89*2=&3)=.39*,7&9.3,=*=5*79.8*=+742=;&7.4:8= 7*8*&7(-=).8(.51.3*8`=9-*=57*8*39=89:)>=&.28=94=*1:(.)&9*=5&=*738=4+=,*3*=R=4<='*9<**3= ->)749-*72&1= ;*39= 545:1&9.438= 4+= 9-*= M.)8A91&39.(= R.),*_= T4= (-&7&(9*7.?*= 9-*= 1*;*1= 4+=,*3*9.(=*=(-&3,*=43=*(414,.(&1=9.2*=8(&1*8`=<*=<.11=,*349>5*=2:88*18=<.9-=85*(.*88 ).&,3489.(= SNP= 2&70*78= )*8.,3*)= +742= -.,-89-74:,-5:9= 97&38(7.5942.(= )&9&_= B>= 5*7+472.3,=->'7.).?&9.43=*=5*7.2*398`=<*=<.11=89:)>=5&=*738=4+=7*574):(9.;*=.841&9.43= '*9<**3=B_=&?47.(:8=&3)=B_=(-.1)7*88.=+742=8-&114<*7=8.9*8_=M47*4;*7`=<*=<.11=2*&8:7*= 1&7;&1=8:7;.;&1=&3)='*-&;.4:7=4+=B_=&?47.(:8=:3)*7=&=;&7.*9>=4+=*3;.7432*39&1=(43).9.438= 94=.)*39.+>=+&(9478=9-&9=.3R=:*3(*=9-*=857*&).3,=4+=5745&,:1*8='*9<**3=;*398_=T-*=7*8:198= +742=9-*=*(45->8.414,.(&1=*=5*7.2*398=<.11='*=.3(47547&9*)=.394=1&7;&1=).85*78&1=89:).*8= 5*7+472*)=<.9-=L&,7&3,.&3=8.2:1&9.438=:9.1.?.3,=&=-.,-87*841:9.43=24)*1=4+=9-*=,14'&1= 4(*&3=:3)*7=7*&1.89.(=+47(.3,_=B>=(425&7.3,=9-*=4:9(42*8=4+=9-*=,*3*9.(`='.45->8.(&1=&3)= *(414,.(&1=&5574&(-*8`=<*=*=5*(9=9-&9=9-.8=<470=<.11=2&0*=+:3)&2*39&1=(4397.':9.438=94= &='*=*7=:3)*789&3).3,=4+=545:1&9.43=(433*(9.;.9>=&3)=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=.3=9-*=)**5=8*&=&8= <*11=&8=-*15=94=2&3&,*=&39-7454,*3.(=9-7*&98=94=->)749-*72&1=;*39=*(48>89*28_=
T+_P0 SHELL=SHAPE=IN=THE=CRYPTIC=AND=PARTIALLY=CHEMOSYMBIOTIC= THYASIRA=AFF_=GOULDI=COMPLEX F147&=S&1;4`=S:?&33*=C_=D:+4:7 D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=M*247.&1=U3.;*78.9>=4+=N*<+4:3)1&3)`=S9=J4-38`=NL=A+B=-X3=C&3&)&======+8&1;4 2:3_(&`=8):+4:7 2:3_(&= T->&8.7.)=(1&88.Q=(&9.43=.8=(-&11*3,.3,=):*=94=9-*=5&:(.9>=4+=).&,3489.(=8-*11=(-&7&(9*78= .3= 9-.8= ,74:5b= 2489= (1&88.Q=(&9.438= 7*1>= 43= 8-*11= 4:91.3*`= <-.(-= .8= 9-4:,-9= 94= ;&7>= (438.)*7&'1>= <.9-.3= &= 85*(.*8_= M&3>= 9->&8.7.)8= -&;*= <.)*= 85*(.*8= 7&3,*8`= ':9= 9-.8= 2&>= '*= &79.+&(9= 4+= ,74:5.3,= 94,*9-*7= ).S=*7*39= 85*(.*8= -&;.3,= 8:'91*= 2475-414,.(&1= ).S=*7*3(*8=._*_`=(7>59.(=85*(.*8_=R*(*391>`=&=(4251*==4+=85*(.*8=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=T->&8.7&= ,4:1).=<&8=).8(4;*7*)=.3=&=8:'&7(9.(=^=47)=.3=N*<+4:3)1&3)`=C&3&)&_=F4:7=45*7&9.43&1= 9&=4342.(=:3.98=OTU8=<*7*=+4:3)=94=(4*=.89=&9=9-.8=8.9*`=<.9-=OTU8=+=&3)=,='*.3,= (-*248>2'.49.(= &3)= OTU8= -= &3)= .= &8>2'.49.(_= C148*7= *=&2.3&9.43= 8:,,*89*)= 9-&9= 8:'91*= ).S=*7*3(*8= .3= ,.11= 9-.(03*88= &3)= (414:7&9.43= *=.89= '*9<**3= OTU8`= &3)= 9-&9= 8>2'.49.(= OTU8= (&3= 7*&(-= 1&7,*7= 8.?*8_= H*7*`= <*= *=&2.3*= <-*9-*7= 8-*11= 8-&5*= &3)= ABSTRACTS 1/
574).884(43(-=1*3,9-=2.,-9=&184=).S=*7='*9<**3=8>2'.49.(=&3)=&8>2'.49.(=T_=&S=_=,4:1).= OTU8_=U8.3,=&=).88*(9.3,=2.(748(45*`=<*=5-494,7&5-*)=9-*=574).884(43(-=&3)=9-*=1*V== T+ ;&1;*=4+=.3).;.):&18=<-48*=,*3*9.(=.)*39.9>=-&)='**3=57*;.4:81>=(43Q=72*)=N=-=-1_= W*=:8*)=9-*=84V=<&7*=S-&5*=94=5*7+472=*11.59.(&1=F4:7.*7=&3&1>8.8=4+=9-*=8-*11=(4394:78`= 3472&1.?.3,= 9-*= )&9&= +47= 8.?*= &3)= 47.*39&9.43_= P7.3(.5&1= (42543*398= &3&1>8*8= PCA= <*7*= 7:3= 43= 9-*= F4:7.*7= (4*T==(.*398`= +4114<*)= '>= (1:89*7= &3&1>8*8_= P74).884(43(-= 1*3,9-8=<*7*=349=8.,3.Q=(&391>=).S=*7*39='*9<**3=OTU8_=A=Q=789=(1:89*7=&3&1>8.8=7*;*&1*)= 9<4=,74:58a=43*=(439&.3.3,=9<489-.7)8=4+=&11=*=&2.3*)=8>2'.49.(=.3).;.):&18`=<-.1*=9-*= 8*(43)=(439&.3*)=&=2.=9:7*=4+=&11=OTU8_=A=+:79-*7`=Q=3*7=&3&1>8.8=4+=9-*=8*(43)=,74:5= .3(1:).3,= 247*= )*9&.1*)= 8-&5*= .3+472&9.43= 574;.)*)= &= '*=*7= 8*5&7&9.43= 4+= OTU8= <.9-.3=9-.8=,74:5_=R*(43897:(9.438=4+=8-&5*8=7*57*8*39.3,=*=97*2.9.*8=4+=9-*=Q=789=9<4= PCA=&=*8=7*;*&1*)=+*&9:7*8=9-&9=).89.3,:.8-=9-*=&8>2'.49.(=&3)=8>2'.49.(=T_=&S==,4:1).= 8-*118b=<-*9-*7=9-*>=7*R=*(9=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=143,*;.9>=47=&)&59&9.438=94=8>2'.48.8=7*6:.7*8= +:79-*7=.3;*89.,&9.43_=O:91.3*=&3&1>8*8=2&>='*=:8*+:1=+47=).89.3,:.8-.3,=49-*7=(7>59.(= 85*(.*8=.3=9-*=T->&8.7.)&*_
T+_P1 A=NEW=GENUS=OF=LARGE=HYDROTHERMAL=VENT8ENDEMIC=GASTROPOD= NEOMPHALINAa=PELTOSPIRIDAE=WITH=TWO=NEW=SPECIES=SHOWING= EVIDENCE=OF=RECENT=DEMOGRAPHIC=EXPANSION C-43,=C-*3+`=K&97.3=L.38*,`=C-7.8945-*7=N_=R49*72&3+`=J43&9-&3=T_=C451*>-` A1*==D_=R4,*78+ +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=O=+47)`=O=+47)`=UK=(-43,_(-*3 ?44_4=_&(_:0`======(-7.8945-*7_749*72&3 ?44_4=_&(_:0`=&1*=_74,*78 ?44_4=_&(_:0 ,B7.9.8-=A39&7(9.(=S:7;*>`=H.,-=C7488`=C&2'7.),*`=UK=01 '&8_&(_:0= -O(*&3=&3)=E&79-=S(.*3(*`=N&9.43&1=O(*&34,7&5->=C*397*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-&25943`=S4:9-&25943`=UK= /9( 34(_84943_&(_:0= R*(*391>=).8(4;*7*)=->)749-*72&1=;*39=Q=*1)8=43=9-*=E&89=S(49.&=R.),*=ESR`=/080*JS= -*JW`= S4:9-*73= O(*&3= &3)= 9-*= S4:9-= W*89= I3).&3= R.),*= SWIR`= -1JS= .3JE`= I3).&3= O(*&3= *&(-= -489= &= 3*<= 85*(.*8= 4+= 5*19485.7.)= ,&897454)_= T-*= 9<4= 85*(.*8= -.,-1>= 7*8*2'1*= *&(-= 49-*7= &3)= 2475-414,.(&1= &3)= 241*(:1&7= 2.94(-43)7.&1= (>94(-742*= (= 4=.)&8*=8:':3.9=I`=COI=(-&7&(9*7.8&9.43=.3).(&9*=9-*>=&7*=8.89*7=85*(.*8=4+=&=57*;.4:81>= :3)4(:2*39*)=,*3:8=4+=5*19485.7.)=,&897454)8`=&3)=G.,&3945*19&=,*3_=34;_=<&8=*7*(9*)= <.9-.3=9-*=P*19485.74.)&*=94=-4:8*=9-*2_=T-*=9<4=3*<=85*(.*8=<*7*=3&2*)=G.,&3945*19&= (-*884.&= ESR= &3)= G.,&3945*19&= &*,.8= SWIR_= T-*>= &=&.3= &3= *=97*2*1>= 1&7,*= 8.?*= +47= 9-*= (1&)*= N*425-&1.3&`= 7*&(-.3,= ./_122= &3)= .._,22= .3= 8-*11= 1*3,9-`= 7*85*(9.;*1>_= T-*.7=*845-&,*&1=,1&3)=.8=2&70*)1>=*31&7,*)`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ÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+_P2 T+ ENDOSYMBIOTIC=BACTERIA=IN=THE=HOT8VENT=GASTROPOD= LURIFAX=VITREUS=HETEROBRANCHIAa=ORBITESTELLIDAE A3)7*&8=H&<*+`=H*.)*2&7.*=G*381*7+`=G*7-&7)=H&8?57:3&7+`, +=D*5&792*39=B.414,>=II`=LMU=M33N= *3`=B.4Z*397:2`=G74I-&)*73*7=S97_=,`=D82,+/,=P1&3*,,`=G*72&3>= &_-&<* ,2=_)*`=,*381*7 ?._'.414,.*_:3.82:*3N=*3_)* J=SNSB8Z4414,.8N=*=S9&&988&221:3,=M33N=*3`=M33N=-&:8*3897&I*=,+`=2+,.1=M33N=*3`=G*72&3>b= G*4B.48C*39*7=4+=9-*=L:)<.,8M&=.2.1.&388U3.;*78.9C9=M33N=*3=-&8?. ?82_2<3_)* M411:8(8=4+=(-*248>39-*9.(=-&'.9&98=*_,_=-498;*398`=(41)=8**58`=<-&1*=47=<44)=+&118= +7*6:*391>= -&7'47= *(948= 47= *3)48>2'.49.(= '&(9*7.&`= <-.(-= :8*= ->)74,*3= 8:1Q=)*= 47= 2*9-&3*=&8=*3*7,>=84:7(*_=S:(-='&(9*7.&1=8>2'.4398=2&>=8:'89&39.&11>=(4397.':9*=94=9-*= *3*7,>=2*9&'41.82=4+=9-*=-489_=A243,=9-*=G&897454)&=848(&11*)='&(9*7.4(>9*8=9.88:*8= <.9-= .397&(*11:1&7= '&(9*7.&= -&;*= '**3= )*243897&9*)= .3= (*79&.3= 9&=&= 4+= N*425-&1.)&`= V*9.8=47=C&*34,&897454)&`=':9=349=>*9=.3=-.,-*7=,&897454)8=H*9*74'7&3(-.&_ A8=5&79=4+=4:7=89:).*8=43='&8&1=-*9*74'7&3(-=+&2.1.*8=<*=&184=*=&2.3*)=9-*=O7'.9*89*11.)&*= 43= 9-*= '&8.8= 4+= 8*2.89-.3= 8*(9.43= 8*7.*8= &3)= (425:9*78&.)*)= -D87*(43897:(9.438_= W*= 349.(*)= &3= &9>5.(&1= ,7&3:1&78,1&3):1&7= *5.9-*1.:2= .3= 9-*= 5489*7.47= 2&391*= (&;.9>= <.9-.3=L:7.+&==;.97*:8_=W*=*=&2.3*)=9-.8=85*(.&1=*5.9-*1.:2=9-*7*&V=*7='>=2*&38=4+=:197&8 9-.3=8*(9.438=&3)=TEM_ D*85.9*=9-*=5447=Q==&9.43=1*=*9-&341=<*=(4:1)=574;.)*=Q=789=*;.)*3(*=4+=&3=*5.9-*1.:2= (438.89.3,= *39.7*1>= 4+= 97:*= '&(9*7.4(>9*8= <.9-.3= '&8&1= H*9*74'7&3(-.&_= W.9-.3= 9-*= ;&(:41*8=4+=9-*='&(9*7.4(>9*8=<*=+4:3)=9<4=2475-49>5*8=4+=574'&'1*=,7&2(='&(9*7.&= 9-.(0=(*11=2*2'7&3*=&3)=&=Q=1&2*394:8=*1*(97438)*38*=(*39*7_=W*=&184=(4:1)=)*5.(9= ;&7.4:8= 89&,*8= 4+= (1*&;&,*_=A19-4:,-= ).89.3(9= ).,*89.;*= ;&(:41*8= <*7*= 349= +4:3)`= <*= )*9*(9*)='&(9*7.&=.3=;&7.4:8=89&,*8=4+=)*,7&)&9.43_ T-*=548.9.43=4+=9-*=5742.3*39=*5.9-*1.:2=<.9-=9-*='&(9*7.4(>9*8=.3=9-*=5489*7.47=2&391*= (&;.9>=.8=84=+&7=:3.6:*a=A11=-.9-*794=034<3=*3)48>2'.49.(='&(9*7.&=<.9-.3=G&897454)&= <*7*=+4:3)=*.9-*7=.3=(9*3.).&=N*425-&1.)&*`=P*19485.7.)&*`=P74;&33.)&*=47=).7*(91>= &884(.&9*)=<.9-=9-*=,:9=B&9->5->945-.1.)&*=47=857*&)=.3=9-*=-&*24(4*1=L*5*9*11.)&*_= I3=(4397&89`=&=5&7&11*1=(&8*=2.,-9=*=.89=.3=9-*=243451&(45-47&3=L&*;.5.1.3&=&39&7(9.(&=<.9-= 1.0*<.8*=5&11.&11>=8.9:&9*)='&(9*7.4(>9*8_=F:9:7*=89:).*8=43=49-*7=,*3*7&=4+=O7'.9*89*11.)&*= 8-4:1)=(1*&7=:5`=<-*9-*7=9-*='&(9*7.4(>9*=8>89*2=.8=7*897.(9*)=94=-498;*39=.3-&'.9&398=47= 247*=<.)*8857*&)=.3=9-*=+&2.1>_= ABSTRACTS 11
T, TEMPO=AND=MODE=IN=LAND=SNAIL=EVOLUTIONa THE=ORIGINS=AND=LIMITS=OF=DIVERSITY T, R4'*79=A_D_=C&2*743+`=B*&9&=M_=P407>8?04, +D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=&3)=P1&39=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S-*T==*1)`=S-*T==*1)=S+*=,TN`=UK======7_(&2*743 8-*T==*1)_&(_:0= ,M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=W74(&<=U3.;*78.9>`=S.*30.*<.(?&=,+`=/*8--/=W74(&<`=P41&3)======'*540 '.41_:3._<74(_51= T-.8=8>2548.:2=&.28=94=,4='*>43)=9-*=(&9&14,:.3,=4+=1&3)=2411:8(=).;*78.9>=.3=).S=*7*39= 7*,.438=&=9&80=+&7=+742=(4251*9*=&3)=94=1440=&9=9-*=2*(-&3.828=4+=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=&9= ).S=*7*39= ,*4,7&5-.(&1`= -.8947.(&1= &3)= 9&=4342.(= 8(&1*8_= N*<= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3.*8= 7*1&9*)= 94= *3;.7432*39&1= -.8947>= .11:2.3&9*= 4:7= :3)*789&3).3,= 4+= 85*(.&9.43`= &3)= *85*(.&11>= 9-*= 741*8= 4+= 7*+:,.&= &3)= .81&3)= (4143.8&9.43= &3)= -.8947>= 43= 9-*= 7&9*= 4+= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43_= T-*= (4397&898= &3)= (43(47)&3(*8= &243,= 241*(:1&7`= &3&942.(&1= &3)= (43(-414,.(&1=;&7.&9.43=9*11=:8=842*9-.3,=&'4:9=9-*=3&9:7*=4+=9-*=*;41:9.43&7>=+47(*8= .3;41;*)_=P45:1&9.43=,*3*9.(=89:).*8=9*11=:8=&'4:9=9-*='&1&3(*=4+=)7.V=`=2.,7&9.43=&3)= 8*1*(9.43=&243,=545:1&9.438=4+=9-*=8&2*=85*(.*8_=C-&3,*8=.3=+&:3&1=(42548.9.43=&3)= ).;*78.9>=(&3='*=89:).*)=).7*(91>=;.&=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)_=E(414,.(&11>`=89:).*8=43=1.+*=-.8947.*8`= 2.(74-&'.9&9=57*+*7*3(*8=&3)=2475-414,.(&1=85*(97&=&9=2&3>=8(&1*8=-*15=:8=*89&'1.8-=9-*= &88*2'1>=7:1*8=+47=14(&1=+&:3&8_=N*<=24)*11.3,=9*(-3.6:*8=*3&'1*=:8=94=:3)*789&3)=9-*= .39*751&>='*9<**3=-.8947.(`=(439.3,*39=*;*398=8:(-=&8=P1*.894(*3*=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*8=&3)= 57*8*39=*(414,.(&1=(43897&.398=43=85*(.*8=).897.':9.43=&3)=4((:5&3(>_=I3;.9*)=9&108=&3)= 5489*78=(4397.':9*=94=&11=9-*8*=&5574&(-*8_
T,_O+ DIVERGENT=MITOCHOND=RIAL=CLADES=OF=SNAILS=WITH=A= TROCHULUS=HISPIDUS=PHENOTYPE_=HOW=TO=CONFINE=A=SNAIL=SPECIES L:.8*=K7:(0*3-&:8*7+`=M.(-&*1=D:)&,`=D&3.*1&=B&79*1-`=J48*+=H&71+`-`= H*12:9=S&=2&33,`=E1.8&'*9-=H&7.3,+`- +C*397&1=R*8*&7(-=L&'47&947.*8`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&======L:.8*_K7:(0*3-&:8*7 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=J48*+_H&71 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=E1.8&'*9-_H&7.3, 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 ,T-.7)=Z4414,.(&1=D*5&792*39`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&======M.(-&*1_D:)& 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=H*12:9_S&=2&33 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 -D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=A19-&3897&I*=+.`=+*3*=V.*33&`=A:897.&= D&3.*1&_B&79*1 :3.;.*_&(_&9= F47=89:)>.3,=*;41:9.43=.9=.8=(425:1847>=94=7*(4,3.?*=85*(.*8_=H4<*;*7`=+47=842*=9&=&`= 9-.8= .8= 349= 897&.,-9+47<&7)_= A3= *=&251*= .8= 9-*= T_= -.85.):8= (4251*== .3= <-.(-= 85*(.*8= )*1.2.9&9.43=<&8=574;*3=94='*=).T==(:19_ H*3(*=<*=9440=&='74&)=&5574&(-=.3(1:).3,=.3).;.):&18=4+=T_=-.85.):8=+742=+,3=14(&9.438= (4;*7.3,= &= '74&)= ,*4,7&5-.(= ).897.':9.43= <.9-= &= +4(:8= 43= 9-*= E&89*73= A158= &3)= 8:774:3).3,=&7*&8=+47=2475-414,.(&1=&3)=,*3*9.(=.3;*89.,&9.438_=F742=-21=.3).;.):&18= &=+7&,2*39=4+=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1=COI=,*3*=<&8=&3&1>?*)_=W*=&184=.3(1:)*)=7*1&9*)=9&=&= .3=4:7=89:)>a=T_=47*.348`=T_=897.41&9:8`=T_=(4*1425-&1&`=T_=(1&3)*89.3:8`=T_='.(43.(:8`=T_=;.1148:1:8= &3)= T_= ;.1148:8_= F742= +**= 8*1*(9*)= .3).;.):&18= 7*57*8*39.3,= ).S=*7*39= COI= (1&)*8= <*= &3&1>?*)= &= +7&,2*39= 4+= 9-*= 2.94(-43)7.&1= +,S= &3)= +0S= ,*3*8_= F:79-*7247*`= 3:(1*&7= 8*6:*3(*8=.3(1:).3,=5&798=4+=9-*=/_2S`=ITS,=&3)=,2S=<*7*=&3&1>?*)_= 12 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T-*= 2.94(-43)7.&1= ;&7.&9.43= 4+= 85*(.2*38= )*9*72.3*)= &8= T_= -.85.):8= 43= 9-*= '&8.8= 4+= 2475-414,.(&1=&3)=&3&942.(&1=*=&2.3&9.43=<&8=*=(*59.43&1=-.,-=2&=_=5=).89&3(*=+2= .3=COI_=T-*=COI=8*6:*3(*8=4+=T_=-.85.):8=7*;*&1*)=3.3*=).89.3(9=(1&)*8_=S*;*3=(1&)*8= T, (&3='*=&88.,3*)=94=7*897.(9*)`=5&791>=4;*71&55.3,=,*4,7&5-.(=7*,.438`=<-.1*=9<4=(1&)*8= 8-4<=&=<.)*857*&)=).897.':9.43=<.9-=34=(1*&7=,*4,7&5-.(=5&=*738_=I3=8*;*7&1=(&8*8=6:.9*= ).;*7,*39=(1&)*8=4((:7=*;*3=&9=9-*=8&2*=8&251.3,=14(&1.9>_= I3=9-*=(42'.3*)=COI8+0S8+,S=97**=842*=7*1&9*)=85*(.*8`=<-.(-=&7*=2475-414,.(&1=<*11= ).S=*7*39.&9*)`=&7*=.39*72.=*)=<.9-=T_=-.85.):8=(1&)*8_=H*3(*=T_=-.85.):8=.8=5&7&5->1*9.(_= T-*=3:(1*&7=8*6:*3(*8=)4=349=).S=*7*39.&9*='*9<**3=&3>=4+=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1=(1&)*8`= *=(*59=T_=47*.348_=T-:8`=9-*=3:(1*&7=)&9&=574;.)*=34=&7,:2*39=+47=85*(.*8=89&9:8=4+=&3>= 4+=9-*=T_=-.85.):8=(1&)*8_=F47=Q=3&1=(43(1:8.438=43=9-*=*=.89*3(*=4+=(7>59.(=85*(.*8=&3)= 85*(.*8=)*1.2.9&9.43=.9=<.11='*=3*(*88&7>=94=.3;*89.,&9*=5488.'1*=,*3*=R=4<='*9<**3=&11= 8>3945.(=(1&)*8=.3=)*9&.1_= T-.8=<470=-&8='**3=+:3)*)='>=9-*=A:897.&3=S(.*3(*=F4:3)&9.43=P+3/3,8B+1_
T,_O, ENVIRONMENTAL=CHANGES=IN=THE=COURSE=OF=TIMEa=CONSTRAINTS=ON= ECOLOGICAL=SPECIATION=IN=MURELLA=MURALIS V.;.&3&=F.47*39.34+`=G.:8*55*=M&3,&3*11.,`=F_=G.:89.,`=V_=K*92&.*7+`- +U3.9=4+=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>2S>89*2&9.(=Z4414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.4(-*2.897>=&3)=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+= P498)&2=+..10`=P498)&2`=G*72&3>=Q=47*39.34_;.;.&3& ,2&.1_(42 ,U3.;*78.9>=4+=S.*3&`=D*5&792*39=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*8`=V.&=P_=A_=M&=.41.=.`=/-+**=S.*3&`=I9&1>= ,.:8*55*_2&3,&3*11. :3.8._.9`=+, :7+?_47,= -D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>=&3)=B.49*(-3414,>=C-&71*8=D&7<.3`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=R42*=S&5.*3?&`=V.&1*= )*11U3.;*78.9A=-,`=**+2/=R42*`=I9&1>=0*92&.*7 :3.85498)&2_)* L&3)=83&.18=4S=*7=349=431>=9-*=455479:3.9>=94=&)2.7*=9-*=<.)*=85*(97:2=4+=(414:7=&3)= 8-&5*8=4+=9-*.7=8-*118`=':9=+47*2489=94=:3)*789&3)=-4<=&3)=<->=*;41:9.43&7>=574(*88*8= 574(**)=&3)=1*&)=94=).;*78.9>_=T-*=)*'&9*=&'4:9=85*(.&9.43=&3)=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=(:77*391>= +4(:8*8=43=9-*=7*1&9.;*=.25479&3(*=4+=+&(9478=)7.;.3,=545:1&9.43=).S=*7*39.&9.43_=W-.1*= 2&3>= 89:).*8= &7*= .3(7*&8.3,1>= 574):(.3,= 7*8:198= 43= 9-*= .25479&3(*= 4+= 8*1*(9.43`= 1.=1*= .8= 034<3= &'4:9= 9-*= .39*7&(9.43= '*9<**3= )7.V== &3)= 8*1*(9.43_=A349-*7= 54.39= 9-&9= )*8*7;*8= *25.7.(&1= *=5147&9.43= .8= -4<= &3)= 94= <-&9= *=9*39= -.8947.(&1= +&(9478= &S=*(9= 85*(.&9.43=.3=.39*7&(9.438=<.9-=8*1*(9.43=&3)=.3=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=*3;.7432*39&1=(-&3,*8_= T4= .3;*89.,&9*= 9-*8*= 6:*89.438`= <*= 6:&39.Q=*)= ;&7.&9.43= 43= &= Q=3*= ,*4,7&5-.(&1= 8(&1*= &3&1>8.3,=2475-414,.(&1=8-*11=&3)=,*3*9.(=)&9&8*98=(4:51*)=<.9-=*3;.7432*39&1=)&9&= .3=9-*=1&3)=83&.1=M:7*11&=2:7&1.8=M311*7=+11.`=*3)*2.(=94=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3=.81&3)= 4+=S.(.1>_=T-*=85*(.*8=*=-.'.98=&3=.257*88.;*=2475-414,.(&1=).;*78.9>=<.9-=8-*11=8-&5*8= 9-&9= ;&7>= +742= ,14':1&7= 94= 0**1*)8R=&9`= *;*3= 4;*7= 7*1&9.;*1>= 7*897.(9*)= ,*4,7&5-.(&1= &7*&8_=T-.8=85*(9&(:1&7=;&7.&9.43=.3=8-*11=8-&5*8=-&8='**3=)4(:2*39*)=.3=2&3>=49-*7= ,74:58= 4+= 1&3)= 83&.18`= *85*(.&11>= .3= 9-*= M*).9*77&3*&3= &7*&= &9= 1*&89= +2= 85*(.*8`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`= <*= 8-4<*)= +47= 9-*= Q=789=9.2*=<*11=)4(:2*39*)=1.3*8=4+=*;.)*3(*=4+=8*1*(9.43=.3=9-*=5&89`=<-.(-=*=51&.38= ABSTRACTS 13
).;*7,*3(*=4+=1&3)=83&.1=8-*11=8-&5*8_=W*=8:,,*89=9-&9=9.2*=&3)=*3;.7432*39&1=(-&3,*8= .3=9-*=(4:78*=4+=9.2*=&(9*)=&8=(43897&.398=43=9-*=*(414,.(&1=85*(.&9.43_=
T,_O- T, PHYLOGEOGRAPHY=OF=CIRCASSINA=FRUTIS=GASTROPODAa=HELICOIDEAa= HYGROMIIDAE=IN=THE=CAUCASUS=REGION= M&7(4=T_=N*.'*7`=B*73-&7)=H&:8)47+ Z4414,.(&1=M:8*:2`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H&2':7,`=M&79.38L:9-*78K.3,8P1&9?=-`=D8,*+.0=H&2':7,`=G*72&3>= 23*.'*7 -492&.1_)*`=-&:8)47+ ?4414,.*_:3.8-&2':7,_)*= T-*=C.7(&88.3&=+7:9.8=(4251*==*3)*2.(=94=9-*=C&:(&8:8=7*,.43=&3)=9-*=E&89*73=P439:8=.8= :3.6:*=&243,=->,742..)=1&3)=83&.18='>=*=-.'.9.3,=&=541>2475-.(=)&79=&55&7&9:8`=._*_= *.9-*7=&=(4251*9*=)&79=&55&7&9:8=<.9-=&=)&79=8&(=51:8=&3=&((*8847>=8&(=&3)=,1&3):1&*= 2:(48&*=.8=57*8*39=47=43*=47='49-=4+=9-*8*=897:(9:7*8=&7*=7*):(*)_=B&8*)=43=9-*=).S=*7*39= (43Q=,:7&9.438=4+=9-*=)&79=&55&7&9:8`=9-7**=,74:58=&7*=).89.3,:.8-*)`=<-.(-=&7*=:8:&11>= (1&88.Q=*)= &8= 8:'85*(.*8_= T-*= ,*4,7&5-.(= ).897.':9.438= 4+= 9-*8*= ,74:58= .39*7).,.9&9*= .3=W*89*73=&3)=C*397&1=G*47,.&_=W*=.3;*89.,&9*)=5->14,*3*9.(=&3)=5->14,*4,7&5-.(= 5&=*738=.3+*77*)=+742=2.94(-43)7.&1=COI=&3)=+0S=7DNA=8*6:*3(*8=&(7488=2489=4+=9-*= 7&3,*=4+=C_=+7:9.8_=N43*=4+=9-*=+472&11>=7*(4,3.?*)=9&=&=574;*)=94='*=24345->1*9.(=.3=9-*= 2.94(-43)7.&1=97**_=H4<*;*7`=&=8:').;.8.43=.3=,*4,7&5-.(&11>=(4-*7*39=(1:89*78=1&7,*1>= (477*8543).3,=94=9-*=2475-414,.(&11>=)*Q=3*)=,74:58=<&8=4'8*7;*)_=S*;*7&1=574(*88*8= 2.,-9=-&;*=(&:8*)=9-*=.3(438.89*3(.*8='*9<**3=9-*=2475-414,.(&11>=)*Q=3*)=9&=&=&3)= 9-*=5&=*73=.3=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*3*=97**a=+=,*3*=R=4<='*9<**3=).S=*7*39=,74:58=.3= (439&(9=?43*8=47=&8=&=7*8:19=4+=&39-7454,*3.(=).85*78&1`=,=.3(4251*9*=1.3*&,*=8479.3,`= &3)247=-=.3)*5*3)*39=7*):(9.43=4+=5&798=4+=9-*=)&79=&55&7&9:8`=M47*4;*7`=9-*=5&=*73= 4+=.3-*7.9&3(*=2.,-9='*=&S=*(9*)='>=8*=:&1=8*1*(9.43`='*(&:8*=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=&=(4251*9*= )&79=&55&7&9:8=57*8:2&'1>=.3(7*&8*8=9-*=1.0*1.-44)=4+=8:((*88+:1=5&9*73.9>_=M:19.814(:8= AFLP= 2&70*78= <.11= +:79-*7= *1:(.)&9*= 9-*= 5->14,*4,7&5-.(= 897:(9:7*= 4+= 9-*= C_= +7:9.8= (4251*==&3)`=9-:8`=.3(7*&8*=4:7=:3)*789&3).3,=4+=9-*=574(*88*8=.3;41;*)=&9=9-*='7.30= '*9<**3=8:'85*(.Q=(=).;*78.9>=&3)=85*(.&9.43_
T,_O. SPECIES=DIVERSIFICATION=IN=THE=SOUTH=ASIAN=LAND8SNAIL=GENUS= CORILLA=PLECTOPYLOIDEAa=CORILLIDAE D.3&7?&7)*=C_=R&-**2+`=F7*)=N&,,8,`=C-7.8=W&)*-`=T-.*77>=B&(0*1/&:+ +R4>&1=B*1,.&3=I389.9:9*=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=V&:9.*7897&&9=,3`=B8+***=B7:88*18`=B*1,.:2 ).37 3-2_&(_:0`=9-.*77>_'&(0*1/&: 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_'* ,T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=L43)43=SW1=/BD`=UK=+_3&,,8 3-2_&(_:0= -S(-441=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=N4=.3,-&2`=N4=.3,-&2=NG1=,RD`=UK=(-7.8_<&)* 34=.3,-&2_ &(_:0= U8.3,= &= 2:19.8,*3*`= 241*(:1&7= 8>89*2&9.(= &5574&(-= <*= &7*= 89:)>.3,= 85*(.*8= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43=.3=9-*=1&3)85:1243&9*=,*3:8=C47.11&_=T-.8=83&.1=.8=&=5:9&9.;*=G43)<&3&3= 7*1.(9`=<.9-=*=9&39=85*(.*8='*.3,=7*897.(9*)=94=9-*=7&.3+47*898=4+=S7.=L&30&=+*=85*(.*8= &3)=9-*=W*89*73=G-&98=4+=I3).&=+=85*(.*8_=O+=9-*=+*=342.3&1=2475-414,.(&1=85*(.*8= 7*(4,3.8*)=+742=S7.=L&30&`=&11=4+=<-.(-=&7*=*3)*2.(=94=9-*=84:9-*73=&3)=(*397&1=5&798= 4+=9-*=.81&3)`=.=4((:7=.3=14<1&3)=7&.3+47*89=C47.11&=&)&28.`=C_=(&7&'.3&9&`=C_=(411*=.=&3)= C_=1*81*>&*`=&3)=0=.3=2439&3*=7&.3+47*89=C_='*))42*&*`=C_=*7743*&`=C_=+7>&*`=C_=,:)*.`=C_= 2* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
-:2'*79. =&3)=C_=4)43945-47&_=T4=)&9*`=241*(:1&7=&3&1>8*8=-&;*='**3=+4(:88*)=43=9-7**= 2.94(-43)7.&1=2&70*78`=+0S=7RNA=5.2*='5`=NADH=)*->)74,*3&8*=+=ND+`=5.1*='5`= &3)= (>94(-742*= 4=.)&8*= += CO+`= 502*= '5`= 9-*= 3:(1*&7= ,*3*87*,.43= ITS+= 7.'4842&1= T, .39*73&1=97&38(7.'*)=85&(*7=+`=&3)=9-*=&)/&(*39=+.0*='58143,=7*,.43=4+=9-*=7.'4842&1= RNA= ,*3*= (1:89*7_= P7*1.2.3&7>= 5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8*8= 4+= 241*(:1&7= )&9&= +742= 3= 2475-485*(.*8=4+=C47.11&=&3)=,=4:9,74:5=9&=&=S(:159&7.&=&3)=P1*(945>1.8=&7*=43,4.3,b= 9-*8*=&7*='&8*)=43=N*.,-'4:7=J4.3.3,`=M&=.2:2=L.0*1.-44)`=&3)=B&>*8.&3=&5574&(-*8_= I3.9.&1=7*8:198=.3).(&9*=9-&9=C47.11&=.8=&=89743,1>88:55479*)=(1&)*`=&3)=9-&9=&9=1*&89=/=4+=9-*=3= 85*(.*8=4+=C47.11&=.3(1:)*)=.3=4:7=89:)>=&7*=24345->1*9.(_=T-*>=&184=8:,,*89=9-&9=85*(.*8= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43=.3=9-*=,*3:8=2&>=-&;*=.3;41;*)=(1.2&9.(2-&'.9&9=3.(-*=8-.V=8='*9<**3=9-*= 2439&3*=&3)=14<1&3)=?43*8=4+=S7.=L&30&`=43=&9=1*&89=9<4=8*5&7&9*=4((&8.438_
T,_O/ GETTING=THE=PHYLOGENY=OF=THEBA=STRAIGHT=AND=CAN=FOSSILS= MEANINGFULLY=BE=INTEGRATED=IN=ORDER=TO=DATE=INTERNAL=NODES M&79.3=H&&8*+`=C&741&=G7*;*,`=R&.3*7=H:=*7*7,`=B*73-&7)=M.84+, +V4,*1<&79*`=Z4414,.(&1=I389.9:9*=&3)=M:8*:2`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=G7*.+8<&1)`=S41)2&33897_=,-`= D8+1.23=G7*.+8<&1)`=G*72&3>`=2&79.3_-&&8* :3.8,7*.+8<&1)_)* ,Z4414,.(&1=R*8*&7N==M:8*:2=A1*=&3)*7=K4*3.,`=A)*3&:*7&11**=+0*`=D8/-++-=B433`=G*72&3>======(_,7*;* :3.8'433_)*`=7_-:=*7*7 ?+20_)*`='2.84+ :3.8'433_)* T-7**=>*&78=&,4=&=5->14,*3*9.(=&3&1>8.8=4+=9-*=1&3)=83&.1=,*3:8=T-*'&='&8*)=43=COI=&3)= ITS+=8:,,*89*)=9-&9=9-*=,*3:8=*;41;*)=&3)=.3.9.&11>=7&).&9*)=43=9-*=C&3&7>=I81&3)8='*+47*= (4143.?.3,=9-*=A+7.(&3=(439.3*39=&3)=+742=9-*7*=9-*=I'*7.&3=P*3.38:1&_=H4<*;*7`=34)*= 8:55479=<&8=431>=24)*7&9*=&3)=9-*=8.,3&1=4+=9-*=3:(1*&7=,*3*=+&.71>=<*&0_=T-*7*+47*`=<*= )*(.)*)=94=&))=247*=8&251*8=&3)=&3&1>?*=AFLP8_=T-*=7*8:19.3,=97**8=34<=9:73*)=9-*= 5.(9:7*=:58.)*=)4<3=&3)=.3).(&9*=&=(439.3*39&1=47.,.3=4+=T-*'&_=T-*=C&3&7>=I81&3)8=<*7*= 1&7,*1>=(4143.?*)=.3=9-*=47)*7=4+=9-*.7=&55*&7&3(*_=B&8*)=43=,*42*97.(=2475-42*97.(8= <*=(425&7*)=8-*11=2475-414,.*8=4+=&3(*897&1=9&=&=7*(43897:(9*)=&9=.39*73&1=34)*8=&3)= 4+=+488.18=<.9-=9-*=&.2=94=.3+*7=9-*=5->14,*3*9.(=548.9.43=4+=9-*=+488.18=94='*=:8*)=+47= (&1.'7&9.3,=9-*=97**_=H4<*;*7`=(43;*7,*3(*=&3)=5:3(9:&9*)=*6:.1.'7.:2=.3).(&9*=9-&9= +488.1=8-*118=(&3349='*=:3&2'.,:4:81>=51&(*)=43=&=5->14,*3>_=T-:8`=431>=.81&3)=&,*8= (4:1)='*=:8*)=+47=(&1.'7&9.43_
T,_O0 A=SHORT=HISTORY=OF=THE=GENUS=LEIOSTYLA B*&9&=M_=P407>8?04+`=A3)7?*/=F&13.4<80.,`=R4'*79=A_=D_=C&2*743- +M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=W74(&<=U3.;*78.9>`=S.*30.*<.(?&=,+`=/*8--/=W74(&<`=P41&3)======'*540 '.41_:3._<74(_51= ,D*5&792*39=4+=M&1&(414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=Z4414,>`=J&,.*1143.&3=U3.;*78.9>`=G743489&/4<&=3`= -*8-21=K7&0<`=P41&3) -D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=&3)=P1&39=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S-*T==*1)`=S-*T==*1)=S+*=,TN`=UK======7_(&2*743 8-*T==*1)_&(_:0= E=9&39= 85*(.*8= .0`= .3(1:)*)= .3= 9-*= ,*3:8= L*.489>1&= 47= .3= 9-*= ,*3*7&= L*.489>1&= &3)= E:=.341&:7.&`=.3-&'.9=9-*=C&:(&8:8=<.9-=&)/&(*39=&7*&8=+.=85*(.*8=&3)=9-*=M&(&743*8.&3= .81&3)8=M&)*.7&a=,2=85*(.*8`=A?47*8a=,=85*(.*8`=C&3&7>=I81&3)8a=,=85*(.*8_=T-*=9<4=&7*&8= &7*=7*+:,*8=<-*7*=7*1.(=T*79.&7>=+47*898=-&;*='**3=57*8*7;*)_=O3*=85*(.*8=.8=+4:3)=43= ABSTRACTS 2+
9-*=<*89*73=+7.3,*8=4+=E:745*=&3)=3479-*73=+7.3,*8=4+=A+7.(&_=T-*=+488.1=7*(47)=+742= (*397&18<*89*73=E:745*=.3(1:)*8=+4:7=85*(.*8=+742=)*548.98=)&9*)=&8=U55*7=M.4(*3*=94= ;*7>=*&71>=P1*.894(*3*=<-.(-=<4:1)=8:,,*89=&=43(*=(439.3:4:8=7&3,*`=<.9-=8:'8*6:*39= *=9.3(9.43=4+=2489=E:745*&3=85*(.*8_=A3&942.(&1=89:).*8=2&)*=.9=5488.'1*=94=).89.3,:.8-=&= T, +*<=5->14,*3*9.(=1.3*&,*8b=*&(-=.3-&'.98='49-=&7*&8`=&3)=*&(-=&7*&=-41)8=7*57*8*39&9.;*8= 4+=247*=9-&3=43*=1.3*&,*_=T-.8=.3).(&9*8=7&).&9.43=&3)=).85*78&1=57*(*).3,=9-*=*=9.3(9.43= .3=9-*=.39*7;*3.3,=&7*&_=O:7=5->14,*3*9.(=&3&1>8.8=:8*)=COI=&3)=+2S=8*6:*3(*8=4+=,.= 85*(.*8=4+=L*.489>1&=/,=4+=&11=*=9&39=85*(.*8=&3)=L&:7.&=&8=4:98,74:5_=B.4,*4,7&5-.(&1= &3)=&3&942.(&1=.3+472&9.43=&8=<*11=&8=+488.1=7*(47)`=(42'.3*)=<.9-=8*6:*3(*=&3&1>8.8`= 7*;*&1*)=9-*=+4114<.3,=-.8947>=4+=L*.489>1&_=T-*=,*3:8=(&2*=.394=*=.89*3(*=.3=9-*=E&71>= T*79.&7>= 47= *;*3= *&71.*7`= .3= (*397&18<*89*73= E:745*_= I98= 8:'8*6:*39= 7&).&9.43= &3)= ).S=*7*39.&9.43= .394= 8*;*7&1= 5->14,*3*9.(= 1.3*&,*8= <&8= &((425&3.*)= '>= ).85*78&1`= 9-*= M&(&743*8.&3= .81&3)8= '*.3,= (4143.8*)= 7*5*&9*)1>`= 89&79.3,= (&_= +/= 2.11.43= >*&78= &,4_= D:7.3,=9-*=P1*.894(*3*=,1&(.&9.438=9-*=E:745*&3=2*2'*78=4+=9-*=,*3:8`=*=(*59=L*.489>1&= &3,1.(&`='*(&2*=*=9.3(9_
T,_O1 EVOLUTIONARY=HISTORY=OF=A=VANISHING=RADIATIONa= THE=PACIFIC=ISLAND=TREE=SNAIL=FAMILY=PARTULIDAE
D.&72&.)=Ó=F4.,-.1+`=T&*-<&3=L**+`=J.3,(-:3=L.+`=C*1.&=C-:7(-.11, +M:8*:2=4+=Z4414,>=&3)=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M.(-.,&3`= ++*3=G*))*8=A;*`=A33=A7'47`=MI=.2+*38+*13`=USA=).&72&.) :2.(-_*):`=9&*-<&31 :2.(-_*):`= /.3,(-:3 :2.(-_*): ,D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>`=E;41:9.43=&3)=M&7.3*=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&=&9=S&39&=B&7'&7&`= S&39&=B&7'&7&`=CA=3-+*0830,*`=USA=(*1.&_(-:7(-.11 ,2&.1_(42 P&79:1.)= 97**= 83&.18= &7*= *3)*2.(= 94= 9-*= -.,-= .81&3)8= 4+= O(*&3.&_= T-*= +&2.1>= (439&.38= 9-7**=,*3*7&`=*&(-=<.9-=-.,-1>=).89.3(9.;*=).897.':9.438`=&3)=-&1+=4+=.98=342.3&1=85*(.*8= ).;*78.9>=4((:78=43=&=8.3,1*=E&89*73=P&(.Q=(=-49=8549=&7(-.5*1&,4`=9-*=S4(.*9>=I81&3)8_= P&79:1.)&*=-&8=*=5*7.*3(*)=(&9&89745-.(=*=9.3(9.43=.3=7*(*39=)*(&)*8=57.2&7.1>=):*=94= 2.8,:.)*)='.414,.(&1=(439741=574,7&28=.3;41;.3,=.3974):(*)=83&.1=57*)&9478_=M:8*:2`= (&59.;*=?44=&3)=7*(*391>=8&251*)=Q=*1)=85*(.2*38=<*7*=:8*)=94=,*349>5*=/.=4+=9-*=5+,2= 7*(4,3.?*)=85*(.*8`=.3(1:).3,=2&3>=*=9.3(9=47=*=9.75&9*)=9&=&`=+742=+.=&7(-.5*1&,48=9-&9= 85&3=9-*=+&2.1.&1=7&3,*_=T-*=,4&1=<&8=94=R=*8-=4:9='74&)=8(&1*=7&3,*=<.)*=&3)=Q=3*=8(&1*= <.9-.38S4(.*9>= I81&3)8= 5->14,*3*9.(= 7*1&9.438-.58= 4+= P&79:1&= &3)= S&24&3&`= 9-*= 9<4= <.)*857*&)=,*3*7&_=O:7=)&9&=.3).(&9*=9-&9=9-*=,*3:8=P&79:1&=.8=5&7&5->1*9.(a=P&1&:&3= 2*2'*78=&7*=5->14,*3*9.(&11>=).89.3(9=+742=9-*.7=(43,*3*78=&3)=&7*=8.89*7=94=9-*=)*7.;*)= ,*3:8= S&24&3&_= T-*8*= 9<4= ,*3*7&= -&;*= *=5*7.*3(*)= ;*7>= ).S=*7*39= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= 5&=*738=&(7488=O(*&3.&_=O7.,.3&9.3,=&9=9-*=<*89*73=*),*=4+=9-*=+&2.1.&1=7&3,*`=S&24&3&= .8=&=7*1&9.;*1>=7*(*39=&77.;&1=94=*&89*73=&7(-.5*1&,48=S4(.*9>`=A:897&1`=M&76:*8&8=<-*7*= .9=*=-.'.98=&=89*55.3,88943*=5->14,*3*9.(=5&=*73=&3)=-&8=574;*3=2:(-=247*=&)*59=9-&3= P&79:1&= &9= '49-= .397&8= &3)= .39*78= &7(-.5*1&,4= (4143.?&9.43_= T-*= 57434:3(*)= *&898<*89= ,*4,7&5-.(=).8/:3(9.43=*=-.'.9*)='>=9-*=,*3:8=P&79:1&=.8=7*(4;*7*)=.3=4:7=,*3*=97**8`= .3).(&9.3,=9-&9=.9=2&>=89*2=+742=&=8.3,1*=143,8).89&3(*=).85*78&1=*;*39_=P&79:1&8=-.,-= 342.3&1= 9&=4342.(= ).;*78.9>= .3= 9-*= S4(.*9>= I81&3)8= .8= &= 574):(9= 4+= &= 143,= -.8947>= 4+= <.9-.38&7(-.5*1&,4=).;*78.Q=(&9.43`=':9=9-*=7*8:198=&7*=.3(438.89*39=<.9-=&=574,7*88.43= 7:1*= 24)*1= 4+= 85*(.&9.43= )*;*145*)= +47= M447*&3= &3)= T&-.9.&3= 9&=&_= T-*= .25479&3(*= 2, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
4+= .841&9.43= +47= 5&79:1.)= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= .8= *;.)*39= .3= 9.2*8(&1.'7&9*)= 5->14,*3*9.(= 97**8=<-*7*=7*249*=&7(-.5*1&,4*8=1*&89=.25&(9*)='>=(439.3*39&1='.49&8='*&7=9-*=41)*89= (1&)*8_=T-.8=&184=*=51&.38=9-*.7=7&5.)=(411&58*=+4114<.3,=&39-7454,*3.(=.3974):(9.43=4+= T, (439.3*39&1=57*)&9478_
T,_O2 TRUNCATELLOIDEAN=GASTROPODS=INFORMING=GEOLOGYa= CONTINUOUS=EMERGENCE=OF=ISLANDS=OF=VANUATU=ALREADY=SINCE= THE=MID=PLIOCENE S:8&3=Z.*180*`=M&79.3=H&&8* V4,*1<&79*`=Z4414,.(&1=I389.9:9*=&3)=M:8*:2`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=G7*.+8<&1)`=S41)2&33897_=,-`=D8+1.23= G7*.+8<&1)`=G*72&3>=8:8&3_?.*180* :3.8,7*.+8<&1)_)*`=2&79.3_-&&8* :3.8,7*.+8<&1)_)* T-*=&7(-.5*1&,4=4+=V&3:&9:=8.9:&9*)=&9=9-*='47)*7=4+=A:897&1.&3=&3)=P&(.Q=(=51&9*8=-&8= &=(4251*==-.8947>=4+=8*&=1*;*1=R=:(9:&9.438_=T-*8*=R=:(9:&9.438=<*7*=(&:8*)='>=9*(943.(= *;*398= .3(1:).3,= ;41(&3.82= &8= <*11= &8= ,1&(.&9.43= (>(1*8_= R*(*391>`= 9-*= '.49&= 4+= 9-*= &7(-.5*1&,4=-&8='**3=*89.2&9*)=94='*=349=41)*7=9-&3=,=M>7_=H4<*;*7`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`=&3)=9-*=2489='&8&1=851.9=(43(*73.3,=85*(.*8=+742=E85.7.9:=S&394= -&)=&3=&,*=4+=._2+=M>7_=T-*8*=)&9&=574;.)*=&=(4251*9*1>=3*<=+7&2*=+47=9-*=&3&1>8.8=4+= 47.,.3=&3)=*;41:9.43=4+=V&3:&9:8='.49&_
T,_O3 AN=OUTSTANDING=RADIATION=OF=HELICINIDS=ON=THE=GAMBIER= ISLANDS`=FRENCH=POLYNESIAa=EXTINCT=BEFORE=ITS=DISCOVERY I7&=R.N=1.3,+`=P-.1.55*=B4:N=*9, +S9&&91.N= *8=M:8*:2=+37=N&9:70:3)*=S9:=,&79`=R48*389*.3=+`=1*+3+=S9:=,&79`=G*72&3>=.7& -*1.(.3&_)*= ,M:8*:2=N&9.43&1=) H.894.7*=N&9:7*11*`=UMR=1+-2`=//=7:*=B:S=43`=1/**/=P&7.8`=F7&3(*======5'4:N=*9 23-3_+7= W-.1*= 9-*= 1&3)= 83&.1= +&2.1.*8= P&79:1.)&*`= A(-&9.3*11.)&*`= E3)4)439.)&*`= &3)= A2&897.)&*= &7*= 034<3= &8= -.,-1>= ;:13*7&'1*= 94= &19*7&9.438= 4+= 9-*.7= *3;.7432*39= <.9-=8.,3.+.(&39=3:2'*78=4+=&17*&)>=*=9.3(9=85*(.*8`=9-*=45*7(:1&9*=H*1.(.3.)&*=84= +&7=).)=349=8-&7*=9-.8=^+&2*=*=(*59=+47=(*79&.3=H&<&..&3=7*57*8*39&9.;*8_ R*(*39=89:).*8=9-&9=+:79-*7=(4251*9*=9-*=8>89*2&9.(=7*;.8.438=4+=9-*=1&3)=83&.1=+&:3&= 4+=9-*=G&2'.*7=I81&3)8=7*;*&1*)=&=7*2&70&'1*=7&).&9.43=4+=9*3=-*1.(.3.)8=43=9-.8= 82&11=.81&3)=,74:5`=<.9-=:5=94=8*;*3=85*(.*8=(484((:77.3,=.3=&=8.3,1*=14(&1.9>=&3)= :5=94=*.,-9=85*(.*8=43=&=8.3,1*=.81&3)_=N.3*=4+=9-*=9*3=85*(.*8=&7*=3*<=94=8(.*3(*`= 2489= &7*= 2.3:9*= &3)`= &9= +_/= 22`= 7&30= &243,= 9-*= 82&11*89`= .+= 349= 9-*= 82&11*89`= 85*(.*8= .3= 9-*= +&2.1>= <471)8<.)*_= H4<*;*7`= 9-.8= 7&).&9.43= -&)= &17*&)>= '*(42*= ABSTRACTS 2-
*=9.3(9=3.3*=4+=9*3=85*(.*8=8*;*7&1=)*(&)*8='*+47*=9-*=*=5&38.43=4+=9-*=57*)&947>= 83&.1=E:,1&3).3&=748*&=.3=9-*=P&(.+.(`=&3)=*;*3='*+47*=9-*=85*(.*8=<*7*=(411*(9*)=+47= 8(.*39.+.(=89:)>`=._*_=2&.31>='>=9-*=B.8-45=M:8*:2=M&3,&7*;&3=E=5*).9.43=.3=+3-.= &3)='>=9-*=8*(43)=&:9-47=.3=+331_=F47=&11=G&2'.*7=I81&3)=1&3)=83&.18=7*;.8*)=84= T, +&7=.9=.8=+4:3)=9-&9=2&88.;*=*=9.3(9.438=4+=9-*8*=*3)*2.(8=-&)=&17*&)>=9&0*3=51&(*= .3= 9-*= +39-=(*39:7>`=':9=-&;*=7*2&.3*)=1&7,*1>=:37*(4,3.8*)=&3)=:3)4(:2*39*)_= T-*=3*<=(&8*=4+=9-*=1489=-*1.(.3.)=7&).&9.43=.3(7*&8*8=9-*=3:2'*7=4+=)4(:2*39*)= ,14'&1=2411:8(=*=9.3(9.438='>=&12489=,=_=B:9=349=/:89=85*(.*8=<*7*=1489a=S*;*7&1= 4+=9-*=3*<1>=7*(4,3.8*)=-*1.(.3.)8=-&;*=&5*79:7&1='&77.*78=&3)=43*=-&8=45*7(:1&7= &545->8*8=:=(-&7&(9*7=89&9*8=349=57*;.4:81>=)4(:2*39*)=.3=&3>=P&(.+.(=85*(.*8=.3= 9-*=+&2.1>_=W-*7*&8=9-*=431>=8:7;.;.3,=G&2'.*7=85*(.*8='*143,8=&3&942.(&11>=94= 9-*=,*3:8=S9:7&3>&`=7*1&9.438-.58=4+=9-*=49-*7=:=(43(-414,.(&11>=).;*7,.3,=:=85*(.*8= (&3=34<=431>='*=).8(:88*)='>=.3).7*(9=*;.)*3(*_=
T,_O+* PATTERNS=OF=GENETIC=RELATEDNESS=AMONG=POPULATIONS=OF=THE= GENUS=CERION=CERIONIDAEa=GASTROPODAa=MOLLUSCA IN=THE=FLORIDA=KEYS M_=G_=H&7&8*<>(-+`=Y*8-&=S-7*89-&+`, +S2.9-843.&3=I389.9:9.43`=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`= P_=O_=B4==-1*+,`=W&8-.3,943`=D_=C_=,**+-81*+,=USA=HARASEWYCH 8._*):= ,G*47,*=W&8-.3,943=U3.;*78.9>`=S(-441=4+=M*).(.3*=&3)=H*&19-=S(.*3(*8`=T-*=D*5&792*39=4+=B.4(-*2.897>= &3)=M41*(:1&7=B.414,>`=R488=H&11`=,-**=E>*=S97**9=NW`=S:.9*=/-*=W&8-.3,943`=DC=,**-1=USA_ T-*= +&2.1>= C*7.43.)&*= -&8= 143,= '**3= 034<3= +47= .98= *=(*59.43&1= 2475-414,.(&1= ).;*78.9>=&3)=9-*=574+:8.43=4+=85*(.*8=1*;*1=9&=&`=*85*(.&11>=.3=9-*=R*(*39=+&:3&8=4+= C:'&`=9-*=B&-&2&8`=&3)=C&>2&3=I81&3)8_=F488.1=7*(47)8=4+=9-*=+&2.1>=)&9*=94=9-*= O1.,4(*3*=4+=<*89*73=F147.)&`=>*9=.9=.8=1.2.9*)=94=&=8.3,1*=85*(.*8`=C*7.43=.3(&3:2= <.9-=+4:7=8:'85*(.*8=47=+4728=.3=9-*=R*(*39=+&:3&=4+=F147.)&=9-&9=.3-&'.98=3*&7= 8-47*=;*,*9&9.43=&143,=&=(7*8(*3988-&5*)`=&7(-.5*1&,4=4+=.81&3)8=85&33.3,=,.*=02= 9-&9=*=9*3)8=+742=K*>=B.8(&>3*=94=K*>=W*89_=A=3:2'*7=4+=&:9-478=-&;*=8:,,*89*)= 9-&9=C_=.3(&3:2=.8=349=).7*(91>=)*8(*3)*)=+742=9-*=85*(.*8=4+=9-*=F147.)&=O1.,4(*3*`= ':9= 7&9-*7= +742= C:'&3= C*7.43= 9-&9= 7*(4143.?*)= 84:9-*73= F147.)&= +4114<.3,= 9-*= .3:3)&9.43=4+=9-.8=7*,.43=):7.3,=9-*=.39*7,1&(.&1=-.,-=89&3)8=):7.3,=9-*=P1*.894(*3*_= M47*=7*(*391>`=+-=34383&9.;*=85*(.*8=+742=9-*=B&-&2&8`=C:'&`=P:*794=R.(4`=&3)= C:7&O&4= <*7*= .39*39.43&11>= .3974):(*)= .394= 9-*= F147.)&= K*>8= &3)= D7>= T479:,&8= '*9<**3= +3+,= &3)= +3,.= '>= P&:1= B&798(-= &8= 5&79= 4+= &= 143,87:33.3,= &3)= <*118 )4(:2*39*)=8*7.*8=4+=*=5*7.2*398_=S42*=4+=9-*8*=.3974):(9.438=5*78.89=94)&>=&8= 5:7*=(4143.*8`=49-*78=&8=->'7.)8=<.9-=9-*=3&9.;*= C_= .3(&3:2=47=<.9-=*&(-=49-*7_= W*=7*5479=43=9-*=7*1&9.438-.58=4+= C*7.43= .3(&3:2= &3)=.98=(4389.9:*39=9&=&='&8*)= 43=5&79.&1=8*6:*3(*8=4+=9-*=(>94(-742*=(=4=.)&8*=I=&3)=+0S=7DNA=,*3*8=+742=+1= 545:1&9.438=85&33.3,=9-*=,*4,7&5-.(=7&3,*=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=9-&9=.3(1:)*=9-*=9>5*= 14(&1.9.*8=4+=&11=)*8(7.'*)=8:'85*(.*8=&3)=+4728_=T-*8*=)&9&=&7*=:8*)=94=)*9*72.3*= 9-*=85&9.&1=8(&1*=&3)=5&99*738=4+=,*3*9.(=(433*(9.;.9>=&(7488=9-*=*39.7*=7&3,*=4+=9-.8= 85*(.*8`=&3)=(477*1&9*=9-*8*=5&99*738=94=9-*=,*414,>=&3)=47.,.3=4+=9-*=F147.)&=K*>8_= 2. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T,_O++ ADAPTATION=IN=LAND=SNAIL=SHELL=SHAPE=8=-*=YEARS=SINCE= GOODFRIEND T, M*334=S(-.19-:.?*3+`=S&948-.=C-.'&, +N&9:7&1.8=B.4).;*78.9>=C*39*7`=PO=B4==3/+1`=,-**=RA=L*.)*3`=T-*=N*9-*71&3)8======2*334_8(-.19-:.?*3 3&9:7&1.8_31 ,T4-40:=U3.;*78.9>`=A4'&>&2&`=S*3)&.`=M.>&,.`=J&5&3=88(-.'& 2'+_4(3_3*_/5= T-*=8-*11=8-&5*=4+=1&3)=83&.18=.8=*=548*)=94=&=<.)*=).;*78.9>=4+=8*1*(9.43=57*88:7*8_= T-*8*=.3(1:)*=&'.49.(=43*8=)&2&,*=+742=+&11.3,`=4;*7-*&9.3,`=)*8.((&9.43=&8=<*11= &8= '.49.(= 43*8= 57*)&9.43= '>= 8-*11= (7:8-.3,= 47= )7.11.3,= 57*)&9478`= +47= *=&251*_= S.3(*=9-*=1&89=7*;.*<=4+=&)&59&9.43=.3=1&3)=83&.1=8-*11=8-&5*=G44)+7.*3)`=+320_=S>89_= Z441_`=2:(-=3*<=<470=-&8=&55*&7*)_=I3=9-.8=57*8*39&9.43`=<*=&.2=94=7*;.*<=9-*= &);&3(*8=2&)*=.3=9-*=5&89=9-7**=)*(&)*8_=I3=&)).9.43`=<*=&184=&.2=94=&);4(&9*=&= (-&3,*=.3=4:7=5*785*(9.;*=43=9-*=&)&59.;*=*;41:9.43=4+=1&3)=83&.1=8-*118_=I3=(4397&89= 94=*&71.*7=&5574&(-*8`=<*=)4=349=/:89=9&0*=&3=&942.89.(=&5574&(-`=*=&2.3.3,=8-*11= 8-&5*=7*85438*=94=.3).;.):&1=8*1*(9.43=57*88:7*8`=':9=<*=&184=&))7*88=-4<=1&3)= 83&.1=8-*118=8-4<=&3=.39*,7&9.43=&3)=(425742.8*=&243,=2:19.51*`=8.2:19&3*4:8= )*2&3)8= +742= 9-*= *3;.7432*39_= W*= -45*= 9-.8= &5574&(-= <.11= 574;.)*= &= '*99*7= :3)*789&3).3,=4+=-4<=&=1.2.9*)=8*9=4+=&)&59.;*=.35:98=(&3=&114<=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+=8:(-= &=97*2*3)4:81>=).;*78*=8*9=4+=(43(-414,.(&1=4:9(42*8_=S.3(*=1&3)=83&.1=8>89*2&9.(8= .8=89.11=;*7>=2:(-=+4(:8*)=43=8-*11=8-&5*=&3)=+472`=<*=9-.30=4:7=&5574&(-=<.11= 574;.)*=&=;&1:&'1*=9441=+47=9-48*=.3;41;*)=.3=2&1&(414,.(&1='.4).;*78.9>=89:).*8_
T,_O+, LAND=SNAIL=RICHNESS=AND=ABUNDANCE=ALONG=A=SHARP= ECOLOGICAL=GRADIENT=AT=TWO=SAMPLING=SCALESa=DISENTANGLING= RELATIONSHIPS M.(-&1=H478@0 D*5&792*39=4+=B49&3>=&3)=Z4414,>`=M&8&7>0=U3.;*78.9>`=K491@$80@=,`=0++-1=B734`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(= -478&0 8(._2:3._(? T-*=&':3)&3(*=4+=.3).;.):&18=&3)=9-*=85*(.*8=7.(-3*88=4+=8&251*8=4+=1&3)=83&.18=&7*= :8:&11>=548.9.;*1>=(477*1&9*)_=T-.8=(477*1&9.43=2&>='*=&3=&79*+&(9=4+=8&251*=8.?*`= ':9=.9=2&>=&184=7*+1*(9=9-*=8.2.1&7.9>=.3=2.(74-&'.9&9=57*+*7*3(*=4+=2&3>=85*(.*8_= B.49.(=.39*7&(9.438=(425*9.9.43=2.,-9=&184=.3+1:*3(*=9-.8=7*1&9.438-.5a=&3=:55*7= 1.2.9=94=(48*=.89*3(*=&9=&=5&79.(:1&7=8(&1*_=H*7*`=I=24)*1=9-*=7*1&9.438-.58='*9<**3= &':3)&3(*`= 7.(-3*88= &3)= *3;.7432*39&1= +&(9478= .3= 9-*= 83&.1= +&:3&8= 4+= 97**1*88= +*38_=T-*7*=.8=&='74&)=7&3,*=4+=(&1(.:2=(439*39=.3=8:(-=+*38`='*89=*89.2&9*)='>= <&9*7=(43):(9.;.9>b=9-.8=;&7.&9.43=&((4:398=+47=2:(-=4+=9-*=).++*7*3(*=.3=+&:3&1= 7.(-3*88=&3)=(42548.9.43=&243,=8:(-=+*38_=T-*=24)*18=(438.)*7*)=9<4=8(&1*8=4+= 8&251.3,a=.=&=+,=1.97*=8&251*=(411*(9*)=&9=.=.=2,=5149=+21=8&251*8=(&59:7.3,=&9= 1*&89=2*=4+=9-*=8.9*8=034<3=85*(.*8=5441`=&3)=..=&=8&251.3,=4+=,/=,/=(2,=5149=++/= 8&251*8=:8:&11>=(&59:7.3,=1*88=9-&3=.*=4+=9-*=8.9*8=85*(.*8=5441_=A9=9-*=1&7,*7= 8(&1*`=85*(.*8=7.(-3*88=<&8='*99*7=57*).(9*)='>=(43):(9.;.9>=9-&3='>=&':3)&3(*`= ':9=9-.8=<&8=7*;*78*)=&9=9-*=82&11*7=8(&1*`=&19-4:,-=9-*=8&251.3,=.3=9-*=1&99*7=<&8= 9-*47*9.(&11>=949&1=&9=9-*=6:&)7&9=1*;*1_=I3='49-=(&8*8`=9-*='*89=+.9=24)*1=.3).(&9*)= ABSTRACTS 2/
&=:3.24)&1=7*1&9.438-.5='*9<**3=7.(-3*88=&3)=&':3)&3(*_=A9=82&11=8(&1*8`=349=&11= 85*(.*8=&7*=7*57*8*39*)`=*;*3=<-*3=&':3)&3(*=.8=-.,-_=W-*3=9-*=8&251.3,=*++*(9= <&8= 7*24;*)= '>= :8.3,= (4251*9*= 8.9*= &77&>8`= 9-*= 3:2'*7= 4+= 85*(.*8= 7*8543)*)= 94= 2.3*7&1= 7.(-3*88= ,7&).*39= 247*= 9.,-91>= 9-&3= 949&1= )*38.9.*8= ).)b= &= 8:'89&39.&1= T, 5&79=4+=9-*=949&1=;&7.&9.43=7*1&9*)=*=(1:8.;*1>=94=*3;.7432*39&1=(43).9.438`=*;*3= 9-4:,-= 9-*7*= 7*2&.38= &= 8.,3.+.(&39= .3(7*&8*= 4+= 85*(.*8= 7.(-3*88= <.9-= .3(7*&8.3,= 3:2'*7=4+=.3).;.):&18_=T-*=-:2588-&5*)=7*1&9.438-.5='*9<**3=9-*=3:2'*78=4+=1.;*= .3).;.):&18=&3)=85*(.*8=7&.8*8=&=(1&88.(&1=6:*89.43=&'4:9=.39*785*(.+.(=(425*9.9.43= .3=1&3)=83&.1=&88*2'1&,*8_
T,_O+- DISCOVERING=FACTORS=RESPONSIBLE=FOR=THE=EXISTENCE=OF= TERRESTRIAL=MOLLUSCAN=ASSOCIATIONS=AND=ROLE=OF=SOME=OF= THOSE=FACTORS=IN=SPECIATION_ I,47=V_=M:7&94; K<&Z:1:8N&9&1=M:8*:2`=P_=B&,=3*1*`=P.*9*72&7.9?':7,=-,**`=S4:9-=A+7.(&======.2:7&94; 328&_47,_?& M411:8(8= <.9-= 8.2.1&7= *(414,.(&1= 57*+*7*3(*8= (484((:77.3,= .3= &= (*79&.3= '.4,*4,7&5-.(&1= 7*,.43= +472= &3= &884(.&9.43= .3= &= 5&79.(:1&7= 9>5*= 4+= -&'.9&9_= I9= .8= .25479&39= 94= 349*= 9-&9= 9-*8*= &7*= 2411:8(&3= -&'.9&98`= <-.(-= &7*= 349= 3*(*88&7.1>= 9-*=8&2*=+47=49-*7=47,&3.828_=T-:8`=7*(4,3.9.43=4+=9-*=&884(.&9.438=8-4:1)=)*7.;*= +742=9-*=&3&1>8.8=4+=2411:8(&3=(484((:77*3(*=&3)=349=+742=4:7=:3)*789&3).3,=4+= *3;.7432*39&1=+&(9478=&3)247=).897.':9.43=4+=49-*7=47,&3.828=51&398=+47=*=&251*_= I9=.8=&184=.25479&39=94=7*(4,3.8*=&3)=94=8*5&7&9*=*(414,.(&1=&3)='.4,*4,7&5-.(&1= (42543*398=.3=9-*=7*8:198=4+=8:(-=&3&1>8*8_ T-*=7*8:198=4+=(484((:77*3(*=&3&1>8*8=4+=9*77*897.&1=2411:8(8=4+=842*=&7*&8=4+=K45*9= D&,= C*397&1= A8.&`= (*397&1= 5&79= 4+= N479-*73= C&:(&8:8`= N479-*73= M4?&2'.6:*`= L&48`= C*':= P-.1.55.3*8= &3)= N.2'&= W*89= A+7.(&= 8-4<= 9-&9= &251.9:)*8= 4+= +1:(9:&9.438=.3=-:2.).9>=&3)=9*25*7&9:7*=8**2=94='*=9-*=2&.3=+&(9478=7*85438.'1*= +47=9-*=*=.89*3(*=4+=9*77*897.&1=2411:8(&3=&884(.&9.438_=A19-4:,-=9-48*=&884(.&9.438= (4257.8*= ).++*7*39= 85*(.*8= .3= ).++*7*39= '.4,*4,7&5-.(&1= 7*,.438`= 9-*= +4114<.3,= 9>5*8=4+=&884(.&9.438=4+9*3=(&3='*=7*(4,3.?*)_=M4:39&.38=&9=-.,-*7=&19.9:)*8=&7*= .3-&'.9*)='>=&884(.&9.438=4+=2411:8(8=9-&9=(&3=941*7&9*=14<=9*25*7&9:7*8=&3)=4+9*3= 7*57*8*39*)='>=9-*=7*1.(98=4+=,1&(.4+1:;.&1=5-&8*8=4+=9-*=Q:&9*73&7>_=M411:8(8=9-&9= (&3=941*7&9*=&3)247=94=&;4.)=7*,:1&7=)*8.((&9.43=:8:&11>=+472=&884(.&9.438=.3=45*3= &7*&8=,7&881&3)8=&3)=74(0>=8145*8`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ÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T,_O+. SYMPATRY=WITHOUT=CO8OCCURRENCEa=EXPLORING=THE=PATTERN=OF=THE= DISTRIBUTION=OF=TWO=HELIX=SPECIES=IN=GEORGIA=USING=ECOLOGICAL= T, NICHE=MODELING=APPROACH L*;&3=M:21&)?* I389.9:9*=4+=E(414,>`=I1.&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=T'.1.8.`=G*47,.&_=K&0:98&=C-4140&8-;.1.=89_=-2.`=*+0,=&3)= I3;*79*'7&9*=R*8*&7(-=C*397*=IRC`=T'.1.8.`=G*47,.&_=A,1&)?*=89_=,0`=*++3=12:21&)?* ,2&.1_(42 T<4= 85*(.*8= 4+= 9-*= ,*3:8= H*1.== M411:8(&a= G&897454)&= &7*= <.)*857*&)= .3= G*47,.&_= O3*= 85*(.*8= H*1.== 1:(47:2= -&8= M*).9*77&3*&3= ).897.':9.43= <-*7*&8= 9-*= 49-*7= := H*1.== ':(-..=.8=C&:(&8.&3=*3)*2.(=9>5.(&11>=&884(.&9*)=<.9-='74&)1*&+=+47*89_=I3=85.9*=4+=9-*.7= 8>25&97>=<.9-.3=G*47,.&`=9-*>=3*;*7=(484((:7_=F:79-*7247*`=.3=(4397&89=<.9-=H_=':(-..`= H_=1:(47:2=.8=2&31>=+4:3)=.3=&7*&8=8:'/*(9=94=-:2&3=).89:7'&3(*_=W.9-=9-*8*=9<4=(438 ,*3*7.(8=9-*7*=.8=&349-*7=1&7,*=-*1.(4.)=85*(.*8=C_=(&11.,*7&=<-.(-=&184=.8=<.)*857*&)= .3=G*47,.&_=C_=(&11.,*7&=.8=:8:&11>=+4:3)=<.9-='49-=85*(.*8=4+=H*1.=_=B&8*)=43=9-*=5&=*73= 4+= ).897.':9.43= 9-*8*= 9-7**= 85*(.*8= .9= (&3= '*= &88:2*)= 9-&9= .39*785*(.Q=(= (425*9.9.43= 2.,-9=51&>=&=5.;49&1=741*=.3=8-&5.3,=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=9<4=H*1.==85*(.*8_=I3=47)*7=94= 9*89= 9-.8= ->549-*8.8`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
T,_O+/ PREDATION=ON=GREEK=ALBINARIA=PULMONATAa=CLAUSILIIDAE= AS=A=POSSIBLE=DRIVER=OF=SPECIATION R*3&9*=A_=H*1<*7)&+`=E18=B&&1'*7,*3+`=R*38*=SN= *1Z=4789+`=S.348=G.40&8,` M*334=SN=.19-:.?*3+ +N&9:7&1.8=B.4).;*78.9>=C*39*7`=P_O_=B4==3/+1`=,-**=RA=L*.)*3`=T-*=N*9-*71&3)8======7*3&9*_-*1<*7)& 3&9:7&1.8_31`=*18_'&&1'*7,*3 3&9:7&1.8_31`=7*38*_8N=*1Z=4789 3&9:7&1.8_31`======2*334_8N=.19-:.?*3 3&9:7&1.8_31 ,U3.;*78.9>=4+=P&97&8`=,0/=*.=R.4=P&97&8`=G7**(*=8.348, :5&97&8_,7 A1'.3&7.&=.8=&3=*=97*2*1>=85*(.48*=,*3:8=4+=4;*7=+**=1&3)=83&.1=85*(.*8`=(439&.3.3,=&3= .257*88.;*= ).;*78.9>= .3= (43(-414,.(&1= &3)= &3&942.(&1= (-&7&(9*78_= Y*9= 9-.8= A1'.3&7.&= 7&).&9.43= (&3349= *&8.1>= '*= *=51&.3*)= '>= 3.(-*= ).S=*7*39.&9.43`= &8= &11= 85*(.*8= 4((:7= .3= 7&9-*7=8.2.1&7=1.2*8943*=-&'.9&98=.3=G7**(*=&3)=8:774:3).3,=(4:397.*8`=+**).3,=43=&1,&*_= I39*7*89.3,1>`=A1'.3&7.&=545:1&9.438=:8:&11>=4((:7=&1145&97.(&11>`=<.9-=82&11=).897.':9.43&1= 7&3,*8`=7*8:19.3,=.3=248&.(=).897.':9.438_=T-.8=2&>=.3).(&9*=9-&9=(425*9.9.;*=.39*7&(9.438= '*9<**3= 545:1&9.438`= ):*= 94= *=514.9&9.43= 4+= 9-*= 8&2*= 3.(-*`= 57*;*39= 8>25&97.(&1= 4((:77*3(*8_=T-*=&1145&97.(=).897.':9.438=2.,-9=&184=.251>=9-&9=*&(-=A1'.3&7.&=545:1&9.43= .8=&)&59*)=94=.98=4<3=:3.6:*=14(&1=*3;.7432*39`=':9=9-*7*=&55*&78=94='*=2:(-=944=1.=1*= *(414,.(&1=).S=*7*39.&9.43='*9<**3=9-*=7&3,*8=4+=A1'.3&7.&=85*(.*8=+47=9-.8=94='*=51&:8.'1*_= ABSTRACTS 21
S4=9-*=A1'.3&7.&=7&).&9.43=2.,-9='*=)7.;*3='>=2*(-&3.828=:3(433*(9*)=94=9-*=&'.49.(= *3;.7432*39`=8:(-=&8=57*)&947>=57*88:7*`=8*=:&1=8*1*(9.43=47=,*3*9.(=)7.V=_ T-.8=574/*(9=&.28=94=&88*88=9-*=(4397.':9.43=4+=57*)&9.43=94=9-*=85*(.&9.43=<.9-.3=9-*= ,*3:8_= A1'.3&7.&= 83&.18= &7*= 2&.31>= 57*>*)= :543= '>= (&73.;474:8= P4.7*9.&= 83&.18= &3)= T, D7.1:8= '**91*= 1&7;&*_= S2&11`= (.7(:1&7= -41*8= &7*= &184= 7*,:1&71>= +4:3)`= ':9= 9-*= 2&0*7= 4+= 9-*8*=-41*8=7*2&.38=:3034<3_=T-*=).89.3(9.;*=57*)&9.43=2&708=*3&'1*=:8=94=*89.2&9*= 57*)&9.43=7&9*8=.3=A1'.3&7.&=545:1&9.438='>=(411*(9.3,=*259>=8-*118_=S&251*8=<*7*=9&0*3= &9=7&7*=?43*8=4+=4;*71&5=47=->'7.).?&9.43='*9<**3=9<4=85*(.*8_=T-*=85*(.*8=5&.78=<*7*= 8*1*(9*)=94=).S=*7=.3=(43(-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78_=P4.7*9.&=57*)&9.43=7&9*8=7*&(-*)=:5=94=,+`= D7.1:8=57*)&9.43=:5=94=,/=&3)=(.7(:1&7=-41*=57*)&9.43=:5=94=-0_=S5*(.*8=<.9-=-.,-= 7.'=5742.3*3(*=8-4<*)=8.,3.Q=(&391>=-.,-*7=P4.7*9.&=57*)&9.43=7&9*8=;*78:8=85*(.*8=<.9-= 14<=7.'=5742.3*3(*`=&8=<*11=&8=)*=97&1=85*(.*8=;*78:8=8.3.897&1=85*(.*8_=T-*7*=<*7*=2&3>= 49-*7=8.,3.Q=(&39=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=57*)&9.43=7&9*8='*9<**3=85*(.*8`=':9=9-*8*=).)=349=8-4<= (438.89*39=5&=*738=(433*(9*)=94=(43(-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78_=
T,_O+0 REFUGIAL=POPULATIONS=OF=GLACIAL=RELICT=VERTIGO=SPECIES=IN= CENTRAL=EUROPE V*743.0&=S(-*304;@`=M.(-&1=H478@0 D*5&792*39=4+=B49&3>=&3)=Z4414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=M&8&7>0=U3.;*78.9>=K491@$80@=,`=B734=0++=-1` C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=;_8(-*304;& 2&.1_2:3._(?b=-478&0 8(._2:3._(? D:7.3,= 9-*= Q:&9*73&7>= ,1&(.&9.438= 2&3>= (41)8&)&59*)= 85*(.*8= *=5*7.*3(*)= '74&)*7= ).897.':9.43=.3=(*397&1=E:745*`=(425&7.3,=94=9-*.7=24)*73=).897.':9.43=<-.(-=.8=:8:&11>= 7*897.(9*)=94=3479-*73=E:745*=&3)=.841&9*)=7*+:,.&=&9=14<*7=1&9.9:)*8_=I3=9-.8=(4397.':9.43= <*=+4(:8=43=83&.1=+&:3&=4+=,74:3)<&9*78+*)=+*38=:=-&'.9&98=<-.(-=(&3=8*7;*=&8=9>5.(&1= 7*+:,.&= +47= ,1&(.&1= 7*1.(9= 85*(.*8_= N*;*79-*1*88`= +*38= '*143,= 94= 9-*= 2489= 8*7.4:81>= 9-7*&9*3*)=-&'.9&98=4+=9-*=9*25*7&9*=?43*`=&3)=574'&'1>='*(&:8*=4+=9-*.7=+7&,2*39&7>= (-&7&(9*7=<*=89.11=034<=431>=&=1.=1*=&'4:9=9-*.7='.49&_=R*(*39=7*8*&7(-*8=-&;*=8-4<3=9-&9= +*38=-&7'47=-.,-1>=).;*78*=2411:8(=&88*2'1&,*8`=&3)=>*9=9-*=2&/47.9>=4+=+*3=&7*&8=7*2&.3= :3*=5147*)_= H4<*;*7`= '*9<**3= ,*+*= &3)= ,*+,= <*= ).8(4;*7*)= 8*;*7&1= 3*<= .841&9*)= 4((:77*3(*8=4+=,1&(.&1=7*1.(9=V*79.,4=85*(.*8=1.;.3,=.3=+*38_=V_=,*>*7.`=97&).9.43&11>=7*+*77*)= 94=&8='47*48&15.3*=85*(.*8`=<&8=+4:3)=&9=247*=9-&3=,*=8.9*8=.3=P41.8-=14<1&3)8=&3)=+/=8.9*8= .3=B4-*2.&38M47&;.&3=H.,-1&3)8_=T-*=85*(.*8=.8=7*897.(9*)=94=45*3=(&1(&7*4:8=+*38=<.9-= 89&'1*=<&9*7=7*,.2*`=8.2.1&71>=94=V_=,*3*8..=<-.(-=.8=-4<*;*7=(43Q=3*)=94=-.,-*7=&19.9:)*8_= I3=(*397&1=E:745*`=V_=,*3*8..=<&8=034<3=431>=+742=9-*=*&89*73=A158`=:39.1=&=+*<=.841&9*)= 545:1&9.438=.3=9-*=<*89*73=A158=<*7*=).8(4;*7*)_=V_=1.11/*'47,.`=:31.0*=9-*=2&/47.9>=4+= 9-*= E:745*&3= 1&3)= 83&.1= +&:3&`= 57*+*78= 7&9-*7= (&1(.:285447= (43).9.438_= E=(*59= 9-*= 3479-*73=E:745*`=9-*=85*(.*8=<&8=034<3=+742=431>=Q=;*=.841&9*)=8.9*8_=H4<*;*7`=.3=,*+,= 3*<=4((:77*3(*8=<*7*=)4(:2*39*)=.3=9-*=A158=&3)=.3=9-*=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(_=A19-4:,-= +472*71>= 7*,&7)*)= &8= E:745*&3= *3)*2.(8`= 9-*8*= V*79.,4= 85*(.*8= <*7*= &184= +4:3)= 94= 4((:7=.3=(*397&1=A8.&`=<-.(-=8:,,*898=9-*.7=2:(-=1&7,*7=7&3,*8=):7.3,=9-*=L&9*=G1&(.&1_= W.9-=7*85*(9=94=9-*=7&7.9>=&3)=-.,-=(438*7;&9.43=;&1:*=4+=(*397&1=E:745*&3=545:1&9.438= 4+= 9-*8*= 85*(.*8`= 3*,&9.;*= .3R=:*3(*8= &S=*(9.3,= 9-*.7= 7*+:,.&1= &3)= ,14'&11>= 9-7*&9*3*)= -&'.9&98=<.11='*=).8(:88*)=&8=<*11_ 22 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T,_O+1
CEPAEA=:=CHANGES=IN=SPECIES=DISTRIBUTIONS=AND=MORPH=FREQUENCIES= T, ON=THE=MARLBOROUGH=DOWNS R4'*79=H_=C4<.*+`=J_=S_=J43*8,`=M&70=A_=B*&:2439- +P&(.Q=(=B.48(.*3(*8=R*8*&7(-=C*39*7`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H&<&..`=-*/*=M&.1*=W&>`=H4341:1:`=HI=302,,`=USA= (4<.* -&<&.._*): ,D*5&792*39=4+=G*3*9.(8`=E;41:9.43=&3)=E3;.7432*39`=U3.;*78.9>=C411*,*=L43)43`=.=S9*5-*3843=W&>`= L43)43=NW+=,HE`=UK=/_8_/43*8 :(1_&(_:0 -D*5&792*39=4+=M&9-*2&9.(8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B7.8941`=U3.;*78.9>=W&10`=C1.V=43`=B7.8941=BS2=+TW`=UK= M_B*&:2439 '7.8941_&(_:0 I3=+30*=&3)=+30+=A79-:7=C&.3=&3)=J4-3=C:77*>=8:7;*>*)=C*5&*&=43=9-*=M&71'474:,-= D4<38`=&3=&7*&=4+=).;*78*=-&'.9&98=.3=(*397&1=84:9-*73=E3,1&3)_=F4(:88.3,=57.2&7.1>=43= 2475-=+7*6:*3(.*8=.3=C_=3*247&1.8`=9-*>=.)*39.Q=*)=848(&11*)=&7*&=*S=*(98=.3=<-.(-=43*= 2475-=57*)42.3&9*)=7*,&7)1*88=4+=-&'.9&9=9>5*_=T-*.7=5&5*7`=5:'1.8-*)=.3=+30-='*(&2*= &=(1&88.(`=574259.3,=&=(438.)*7&'1*='4)>=4+=<470=&=*259.3,=94=:3)*789&3)=9-*=7*&8438= +47=9-.8=:3*=51&.3*)=5&=*73_=I3=+32/`=C4<.*=&3)=J43*8=7*88:7;*>*)=9-*=&7*&_=T-*=7&3,*= 4+=C_=3*247&1.8=-&)=)*(1.3*)=&3)=.9=<&8='*.3,=7*51&(*)`=*85*(.&11>=.3=14<*7=14(&9.438`='>= .98=(43,*3*7=C*5&*&=-479*38.8_=T-*=&7*&=*S=*(98=<*7*=89.11=.39&(9=':9=2475-=+7*6:*3(.*8=.3= '49-=85*(.*8=-&)=(-&3,*)=4;*7&11`=247*=84=.3=C_=3*247&1.8=9-&3=C_=-479*38.8`=<.9-=5&1*7= +4728=.3(7*&8.3,=.3=+7*6:*3(>_ W*=7*88:7;*>*)=9-*=&7*&=.3=,**2=&3)=,**3_=T-*=2489=897.0.3,=(-&3,*=<&8=9-*=(439.3:*)= &3)=)7&2&9.(=*=5&38.43=4+=C_=-479*38.8=&3)=)*(1.3*=4+=C_=3*247&1.8_=M475-=+7*6:*3(.*8= -&;*=(439.3:*)=94=(-&3,*`=.3=9-*=8&2*=).7*(9.438=&8='*9<**3=+30*20+=&3)=+32/`=&19-4:,-= 9-*=97*3)=.3=C_=-479*38.8=.8=81.,-9_ C-&3,*8=.3=(414:7=&3)='&3).3,=5&=*738=.3=C_=3*247&1.8=-&;*=&184='**3=24)*1*)=:8.3,=&= -814(:8=W7.,-98F.8-*7=24)*1_=U8.3,=&=B&>*8.&3=&5574&(-`=<*=&7*=&'1*=94=2&0*=.3+*7*3(*8= &'4:9=8*1*(9.43=(4*T==(.*398=&3)=*S=*(9.;*=545:1&9.43=8.?*8=.3=9-*=8&251*)=545:1&9.438_= W-.1*=9-*=(-&3,*=.3=2475-=+7*6:*3(.*8=.8=(438.89*39=<.9-=&=->549-*8.8='&8*)=43=,14'&1= <&72.3,`=9-*=(-&3,*=.3=85*(.*8=).897.':9.438`=<.9-=9-*=247*=(41)8&)&59*)=85*(.*8`=C_= -479*38.8`=*=5&3).3,=.98=7&3,*`=.8=(4397&7>=94=&=,14'&1=<&72.3,=->549-*8.8`=&3)=5488.'1>= *=51&.3*)='>=-&'.9&9=(-&3,*8_
T,_O+2 RAPID=EVOLUTION=IN=LAND=SNAILS M&1,47?&9&=O?,4 I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=P749*(9.43=P42*7&3.&3=U3.;*78.9>=A7(.8?*<80.*,4=,,B= 108,**=S1:580=P41&3)=24?,4_'.41 .39*7.&_51= L&3)=83&.18=&7*=574;*7'.&1=+47=9-*.7=14<=).85*78&1=&'.1.9.*8_=I3=8:(-=85*(.*8`=&(9.;*=2.,7&9.43= .3=7*85438*=94=:3+&;4:7&'1*=*3;.7432*39&1=(-&3,*=.8=1*88=*S=*(9.;*=9-&3=.3=247*=24'.1*= 43*8`=&3)=&)&59&9.43=.8=1.0*1>=94=51&>=&3=.25479&39=741*_=R*(*39=89:).*8=7*5479=43=8-.V=8=.3= 9-*=,*3*9.(=(42548.9.43=4+=1&3)=83&.1=545:1&9.438=4((:77.3,=<.9-.3=&=+*<=)*(&)*8=47=&3= *;*3=8-479*7=9.2*_=E;41:9.43&7>=(-&3,*8=.3=8-*11=(414:7=&3)='&3).3,=5&=*73=.3=7*85438*= 94=(1.2&9.(=(-&3,*8=-&;*='**3=8-4<3=.3=C*5&*&=3*247&1.8`=C_=-479*38.8=&3)=T-*'&=5.8&3&_= I3=M&3)&7.3&=&3_=.2&3&`=(-&3,*8=.3=8-*11=8-&5*`=8.?*=&3)=(414:7=4((:77*)=&8=&=7*8:19=4+= ABSTRACTS 23
-&'.9&9=8-.V==.3=7*85438*=94=.3(7*&8*)=57*)&9.43=57*88:7*_=G74<.3,=*;.)*3(*=.3).(&9*8= 9-&9=.3=9-*=1&3)=83&.18=*;41:9.43&7>=(-&3,*8=43=(439*2547&7>=9.2*=8(&1*8=2.,-9='*=247*= &= (4224351&(*= 9-&3= &3= *=(*59.43_= I3= (-&3,.3,= *3;.7432*398= 8:(-= -.,-1>= 14(&1.8*)= ,*3*9.(=(-&3,*8=2.,-9='*=247*=.25479&39=+47=83&.18=9-&3=8-.V=8=.3=).897.':9.43`=&3)=9-*>= T, &7*=+&(.1.9&9*)='>=9-*=14<=7&9*=4+=,*3*=R=4<=*;*3=&243,=545:1&9.438=9-&9=2&>='*=431>= -:3)7*)8=4+=2*97*8=&5&79_=
T,_O+3 UPSTREAM=OR=DOWNSTREAM=LAND=SNAIL`=VENTRIDENS=LIGERA=SAY`= +2,+=POPULATION=STRUCTURE=IN=THE=POTOMAC=RIVER=WATERSHED C411**3=M_=W.39*78 D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=T4<843=U3.;*78.9>`=2***=Y470=R4&)`=T4<843`=M&7>1&3)=,+,/,`=USA= (<.39*78 94<843_*):= O7,&3.828=9-&9=1.;*=.3=47=3*&7=<&9*7(4:78*8=4V=*3=).85*78*=<.9-=9-*=R=4<=4+=9-*=<&9*7= &3)= 9-*7*+47*= *=5*7.*3(*= &8>22*97.(= ,*3*= R=4<_= L&3)= 83&.18= -&;*= 1.2.9*)= &'.1.9>= 94= ).85*78*=4;*7=1&3)=&3)=9-48*=1.;.3,=3*&7=897*&28=&3)=7.;*78=2&>=).85*78*=)4<3897*&2_= I= &3&1>?*)= ,*3*9.(= ).;*78.9>= .3= 1&3)= 83&.1`= V*397.)*38=1.,*7&`= 545:1&9.438= 4;*7= -**= 02= 4+=9-*=P4942&(=R.;*7=<&9*78-*)=94=)*9*72.3*=.+=,*3*=R=4<=.8=&8>22*97.(_=A=14<=1*;*1= 4+=,*3*9.(=).S=*7*39.&9.43=2*&3=_ST=0=*_*.3.=<&8=57*8*39='*9<**3=9-*=7.;*78=R=4<.3,= .394=9-*=P4942&(=R.;*7=-4<*;*7=34=(1*&7=,7&).*39=4+=.3(7*&8.3,=,*3*9.(=).;*78.9>=<.9-= )4<3897*&2=R=4<=<&8=+4:3)=8:,,*89.3,=9-&9=,*3*=R=4<=.8=4((:77.3,='49-=:5897*&2=&3)= )4<3897*&2_=B&8*)=43=9-.8=Q=3).3,`=I=8:,,*89=9-&9=V_=1.,*7&=&7*=7&V=.3,=)4<3897*&2=43= 51&398=47=)*'7.8=7*&(-.3,=247*=).89&39=-&'.9&98=.3=(42'.3&9.43=<.9-=1.2.9*)=9*77*897.&1= 24;*2*39=94=3*&7'>=-&'.9&98=:5897*&2`=)4<3897*&2=47=+:79-*7=+742=9-*=7.;*7_
T,_O,* INVENTORYING=THE=LAND=MOLLUSCAN=FAUNA=OF=NIGERIA=RAINFORESTa= THE=STORY=SO=FAR C-7.8=O0*+`=R48*2&7>=E,432<&3,= +D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*3.3`=B*3.3=C.9>`=N.,*7.&=(-7.840* :3.'*3_*):= ,D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=L&,48`=A040&`=L&,48`=N.,*7.&=*,432<&37. >&-44_(42 T-*= 1488= 4+= 9745.(&1= 7&.3+47*89= &3)= .98= '.4).;*78.9>= .8= 43*= 4+= 9-*= 57.3(.51*= )7.;*78= 4+= 24)*73=)&>=*=9.3(9.43_=K34<1*),*=4+=9-*=A+749745.(&1=1&3)=2411:8(=+&:3&8`=57*;.4:81>= 5*7(*.;*)=94='*=,74881>=:3)*7=8&251*)`=.8=,7&):&11>=.3(7*&8.3,_=I3=N.,*7.&`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`= (43;*78.43= 4+= 7&.3+47*89= 94= 4.1=5&12=51&39&9.43`=:7'&3.?&9.43`=5411:9.43=&3)=1.2*8943*=6:&77>.3,_=C438*7;.3,=9-*= 7*2&.3.3,=1.2*8943*=-.118=&3)=41)8,74<9-=+47*89=.3=3&9.43&1=5&708=<.11=-*15=.3=5749*(9.3,= 2&3>=85*(.*8=9-&9=&7*=9-7*&9*3*)_ 3* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T,_O,+ USING=PREDICTIVE=MODELS=OF=SPECIES=DISTRIBUTION=AS=A=TOOL=FOR= ECOLOGY=AND=CONSERVATION=OF=MADEIRAN=LAND=SNAILS T, D.3&79*=T*.=*.7&+`=P*)74=C&7)484,`=C@9.&=G4:;*.&- +D.7*OD4=R*,.43&1=)*=F147*89&8=*=C438*7;&OD4=)&=N&9:7*?&`=C&2.3-4=)4=M*.4=:=B42=S:(*884`=3*0.8/+,= F:3(-&1`=M&)*.7&`=P479:,&1=).3&79*9*.=*.7&_87& ,4;82&)*.7&_59= ,F.33.8-=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H*18.30.`=P4-/4.3*3=R&:9&9.*0&9:=+-=**+**=H*18.30.`= F.31&3)=5(&7)484 *3347_47,= -I389.9:94=S:5*7.47=)*=E89&9c89.(&=*=G*89D4=)*=I3+472&OD4`=U3.;*78.)&)*=N4;&=)*=L.8'4&`=C&25:8=)*= C&2541.)*=+*1*8-+,=L.8'4&`=P479:,&1=(&9.&_8,4:;*.& ,2&.1_(42= T-*=M&)*.7&3=&7(-.5*1&,4=(4257.8*8=43*=4+=9-*=2489=).;*78*=2411:8(=+&:3&8=4+=4(*&3.(= I81&3)8`=<.9-=,/.=9&=&=01==*3)*2.(`=.3(1:).3,=2&3>=8.3,1*=I81&3)=*3)*2.(8=).85*78*)= .3=&=<.)*=7&3,*=4+=-&'.9&98_=T-.8=+&:3&=-&8=*3,&,*)=8:'89&39.&1=(-&3,*8=.3=.98=(42548.9.43= ):7.3,=9.2*`=):*=94=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*`=-&'.9&9=1488=&3)=+7&,2*39&9.43_=D*85.9*=,**=>*&78=4+= <470=43=M&)*.7&=1&3)=83&.18`=9-*7*=.8=89.11=&=1&(0=4+=034<1*),*=43=).897.':9.43=24891>=43= *3)*2.(=&3)=9-7*&9*3*)=85*(.*8=&3)=43=9-*=8.,3.Q=(&39=+&(9478`=574(*88*8=&3)=;&7.&'1*8= ).897*88.3,=9-.8=).897.':9.43_= T4=4;*7(42*=9-*=9>5.(&1=85&78*3*88=4+=).897.':9.43&1=)&9&`=85*(.*8=).897.':9.43=24)*18=<-*7*= &551.*)=;.&=MAXENT=84V=<&7*`=<-.(-=7*1&9*)=85*(.*8=).897.':9.43=<.9-=9-*=,*4,7&5-.(= &3)247=*3;.7432*39&1=57*).(9478='>=2*&38=4+=2&=.2:2=*39745>=&1,47.9-2_=++.=*3)*2.(= 85*(.*8= <*7*= 24)*11*)`= *2514>.3,= 9<*39>89<4= 57*).(9.;*= ;&7.&'1*8= &3)= '.414,.(&1= )&9&= +742=9-*=BIOBASE=M&)*.7&=A7(-.5*1&,4=B.4).;*78.9>=)&9&'&8*_ N*<=549*39.&1=).897.':9.43=&7*&8=<*7*=.)*39.Q=*)=+47=&11=9-*=85*(.*8=89:).*)`=&3)=.3=0-=4+= 9-*=(&8*8=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=43=9-*8*=&7*&8=<&8=;&1.)&9*)_= T-*=24)*1=8:,,*898=&=2&70*)=,*4,7&5-.(=).S=*7*39.&9.43=43=M&)*.7&=+&:3&`=7*(4,3.?.3,= /=).89.3(9=+&:3&8=<.9-.3=(489&1`=+47*89=&3)=&15.3*=7*,.438_=I9=&184=;&1.)&9*8=9-*=.3R=:*3(*= 4+=8-*11=8.?*=&3)=+472=43=-&'.9&9=&3)=8:7+&(*=8*1*(9.43=&3)=9-*=&55&7*39=&39-74545-.1.(= .3R=:*3(*=43=*3)*2.(=).897.':9.43_= F47= /0= 7&7*= &3)= 9-7*&9*3*)= 85*(.*8`= 3*<= ).897.':9.43= &7*&8= <*7*= .)*39.Q=*)`= 9-&9= (&3= '*= :8*)=43=&=85*(.*8=97&3814(&9.43=574,7&2_=F47=(438*7;&9.43=57.47.9.?&9.43=5:7548*8`=85*(.*8= ).897.':9.43=<&8=*;&1:&9*)=&((47).3,=94=9<4=(1.2&9*=8(*3&7.48=43=9<4=).S=*7*39=5*7.4)8= ,*.*803=&3)=,*1*8,*33`=9&7,*9.3,=9-48*=85*(.*8=<.9-=,7*&9*7=574'&'.1.9>=4+=8:7;.;&1_ I3= (43(1:8.43`= 57*).(9.;*= 24)*18= 4+= 85*(.*8= ).897.':9.43= *2*7,*= &8= &= ;&1:&'1*= 9441= +47= 9&(01.3,=9-*=1&(0=4+=).897.':9.43&1=.3+472&9.43=43=M&)*.7&3=1&3)=83&.18`=-*15.3,=94=.)*39.+>= *(414,.(&1=&3)=,*4,7&5-.(&1=5&=*738=&9=&=7*,.43&1=8(&1*=&3)=&114<.3,=9-*=)*;*1452*39=4+= 85*(.*8=(438*7;&9.43=897&9*,.*8=&3)=2*&8:7*8=:3)*7=(:77*39=&3)=+:9:7*=(1.2&9*8_
T,_O,, BIOGEOGRAPHICAL=PATTERNS=IN=THE=LAND=SNAIL=FAUNA=OF=THE= CAUCASUS=REGION F7&30=W&19-*7`=M&7(4=T_=N*.'*7`=B*73-&7)=H&:8)47+ Z4414,.(&1=M:8*:2`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H&2':7,`=M&79.38L:9-*78K.3,8P1&9?=-`=D8,*+.0=H&2':7,`=G*72&3>`= +<_<&19-*7 ,44,1*2&.1_)*`=23*.'*7 -492&.1_)*`=-&:8)47+ ?4414,.*_:3.8-&2':7,_)*= T-*=C&:(&8:8=7*,.43=.8=43*=4+=9-*=2489=.25479&39='.4).;*78.9>=-4985498=<471)<.)*_= A'4:9= --*= 1&3)= 83&.1= 85*(.*8= &7*= 034<3= +742= 9-*= C&:(&8:8= 7*,.43`= 4+= <-.(-= ABSTRACTS 3+
&5574=.2&9*1>=1/=&7*=*3)*2.(_=W*=(425.1*)=9-*=).897.':9.43=)&9&=4+=9-*=C&:(&8.&3= 1&3)=83&.18=+742=2:8*:2=(411*(9.438`=4<3=+.*1)=<470=&3)=5:'1.8-*)=14(&1.9>=)&9&_= F47=8*;*7&1=85*(.*8=<*=+4:3)=&=(438.)*7&'1*=*=9*38.43=4+=9-*.7=034<3=7&3,*_=B&8*)= 43=9-.8=(4257*-*38.;*=)&9&8*9`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
T,_O,- PALAEOBIODIVERSITY=AND=PALAEOBIOGEOGRAPHY=OF=EUROPEAN= SNAILSa=A=PLEISTOCENE=PERSPECTIVE N.(41*=L.243).38L4?4:*9 UMR=CNRS=2/3+`=L&'47&94.7*=)*=GS4,7&5-.*=5->8.6:*`=E3;.7433*2*398=6:&9*73&.7*8=*9=&(9:*18`======+=51&(*=A_=B7.&3)`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`=.3(1:).3,=8*;*7&1=85*(.*8=9-&9=&7*=34<=*=9.3(9=47='*>43)= 9-*.7= 24)*73= 7&3,*`= (&3= '*= 7*(4,3.?*)= +47= *&(-= 9*25*7&9*= *5.84)*_= D*9&.1*)= P1*.894(*3*=2&1&(414,.(&1=8:((*88.438=&7*=)*8(7.'*)=+742=9<4=9-.(0=9:+&=8*6:*3(*8`= 43*=4+=M.))1*=P1*.894(*3*=&,*=)&9*)=94=M&7.3*=I84945*=S9&,*=MIS=++=.,.8-1.=0&= &3)=&=8*(43)=+742=9-*=L&89=I39*7,1&(.&1=(477*1&9*)=<.9-=MIS=/*=5+,/=0&_=A9='49-= 8.9*8= 9-*= &55*&7&3(*= 4+= +47*89= 85*(.*8= 4((:78= &8= 8:((*88.;*= *;*398= 7*1&9*)= 94= 9-*= 57*8*398)&>=,*4,7&5-.(&1=7&3,*8=4+=9-*=(42543*39=85*(.*8_=T-48*=4+=9-*=*&71.*89= +47*89= 5-&8*= &9= 9-*= '*,.33.3,= 4+= 9-*= .39*7,1&(.&1= (438.89= 4+= 85*(.*8= <.9-= N479-= &3)=W*89=E:745*&3=7&3,*8_=S5*(.*8=<.9-=C*397&1=E:745*&3=).897.':9.438=&55*&7= /:89='*+47*=9-*=<&72*89=5-&8*`=<-*7*&8=E&89*73=&3)=S4:9-*73=E:745*&3=85*(.*8= &55*&7=431>=1&9*7=):7.3,=9-*=459.2:2=.98*1+_=C425&7.843=4+=F7*3(-=)&9&=<.9-=49-*7= E:745*&3=2&1&(414,.(&1=8:((*88.438=+742=8.2.1&7=(439*=98=8-4<8=9-&9=949&1=3:2'*7= 4+=85*(.*8=)*(7*&8*8='*9<**3=MIS=++=&3)=9-*=H414(*3*`=&3)=.8=*85*(.&11>=2&70*)= +47= 8-&)*8)*2&3).3,= 85*(.*8_= G*4(-*2.(&1= &3&1>8*8= +742= 9-*= 9:+&= 8*6:*3(*8= &9= C&4:78=MIS=/*=&3)=L&=C*11*=MIS=++=-&;*=(43+.72*)=9-*=(4.3(.)*3(*=4+=2&=.2:2= ).;*78.9.*8=<.9-=9-*=<&72*89=9*25*7&9:7*8_= 3, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T,_O,. DEVELOPMENT=AND=LOSS=OF=LAND=SNAIL=DIVERSITY=DURING=THE= LATEGLACIAL=AND=HOLOCENEa=A=PERSPECTIVE=ON=THE=MODERN=FAUNA= T, OF=NW=EUROPE R.(-&7)=P7**(* D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&2'7.),*`=D4<3.3,=S97**9`=C&2'7.),*=CB,=-EK`=UK=7(5+**+ (&2_&(_:0= T-*=5&=*73=4+=(4143.?&9.43=4+=1&3)=83&.18=):7.3,=9-*=L&9*,1&(.&1=&3)=H414(*3*=9-*=1&89= +-`***=>*&78=47=84=.8=34<=7*&843&'1>=<*11=034<3=+742=NW=E:745*_=R*(47)8=+742=9-*= L&9*,1&(.&1= &7*= )*7.;*)= 24891>= +742= 897&9.Q=*)= (411:;.&1= 8*6:*3(*8= 9-&9= -&;*= +472*)= 43= C-&10='*)74(0_=T-*=247*=.3+472&9.;*=H414(*3*=8:((*88.438=&7*=9-48*=4'9&.3*)=+742=9:+&= )*548.98`=8.3(*=7.(-=&88*2'1&,*8=4+=1&3)=83&.18=1.;*)=43`=&3)=<*7*=*3942'*)='>`=9-*=&(9.;*1>= &((7*9.3,= 9:+&= 8:7+&(*_= S:(-= )*548.98= 9-*7*+47*= 574;.)*= +&.9-+:1= 7*R=*(9.438= 4+= 9-*= 1.;.3,= (422:3.9.*8= +742= <-.(-= 9-*= +488.1= &88*2'1&,*8= <*7*= )*7.;*)_= S42*= 4+= 9-*= L&9*,1&(.&1= &3)=9:+&=8*6:*3(*8=&7*=<&9*714,,*)=&3)=-&;*=+:73.8-*)=5411*3=7*(47)8`=<-.(-=574;.)*=9-*= ;*,*9&9.43&1='&(0,74:3)=94=9-*=4'8*7;*)=+&:3&1=8:((*88.438_=M&3>=<&9*714,,*)=8*6:*3(*8= -&;*=&184=>.*1)*)=2&9*7.&1=8:.9&'1*=+47=7&).4(&7'43=)&9.3,`=84=9-&9=)*9&.1*)=(-743414,.*8= &7*=34<=&;&.1&'1*=+742=2&3>=8*6:*3(*8_=T-*=-.,-*89=).;*78.9.*8=<*7*=&=&.3*)=):7.3,=9-*= 2.)=H414(*3*=0***82***=+.C=>7=BP`=<-*3=:5=94=-/=85*(.*8=<*7*=7*(4;*7*)=+742=&=8.3,1*= 8&251*_=T-.8=5&=*73=.8=&184=97:*=4+=3479-*73=F7&3(*`=&19-4:,-=9-*7*=&7*=842*=).S=*7*3(*8=.3= 85*(.*8=(42548.9.43_=T-*8*=2.)=H414(*3*=&88*2'1&,*8=&7*=7.(-*7=9-&3=9-*=2489=85*(.*887.(-= 14(&1.9.*8=.3=B7.9&.3=<-*7*=2&=.2:2=;&1:*8=7&7*1>=*=(**)=-*=85*(.*8_=T-*=8&2*=8.9:&9.43= &55*&78=94='*=97:*=4+=N479-*73=F7&3(*`=&19-4:,-=9-*=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=).;*78.9>='*9<**3=2.)= H414(*3*=&3)=24)*73=+47*89=&88*2'1&,*8=&7*=1*88=2&70*)`=&19-4:,-=9-*7*=&7*=89.11=842*= 8.,3.Q=(&39=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=85*(.*8=(42548.9.43_=S*;*7&1=85*(.*8=9-&9=<*7*=43(*=<.)*857*&)= ):7.3,= 9-*= 2.)= H414(*3*= *_,_= V*79.,4= 5:8.11&`= V_= &15*897.8`= L*.489>1&= &3,1.(&`= E3&= 2439&3&= &7*=34<=2:(-=1*88=(42243`=':9=.9=.8=349=(1*&7=<-*9-*7=8:(-=)*(1.3*8=7*8:19=*39.7*1>=+742= -:2&38.3):(*)=(-&3,*8=.3=1&3)8(&5*=47=<-*9-*7=(1.2&9.(=47=49-*7=+&(9478=&7*=.3;41;*)_=
T,_O,/ PUNCTUATED=EQUILIBRIUM=ALIVE=OR=PLAIN=ISLAND=SPECIATION A393.4=M_=)*=F7.&8=M&79.38+`=A3&=F_F*77*.7&+`=D&;.)=J&2*8=H&77.8,`=A72.3)4= R4)7.,:*8-`=R*,.3&=C:3-&+`=R4'*79=A_D_=C&2*743.`=T-.*77>=B&(0*1/&:/ +CIBIO`=C*3974=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=*2=B.4).;*78.)&)*=*=R*(:7848=G*3S9.(48`=I3BIO=L&'47&97.4=A884(.&)4`=P14= )48=AO47*8=:=D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=AO47*8`= P479:,&1=+7.&8 :&(_59`=&3&+*77*.7& :&(_59`=7(:3-& :&(_59 ,C*3974=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=*2=B.4).;*78.)&)*=*=R*(:7848=G*3S9.(48=CIBIO`=C&25:8=A,[email protected]=)*=V&.7D4`= ..2/800+=V&.7D4`=P479:,&1=/&2*8 (.'.4_:5_59 -CIRN=C*39*7=4+=R*8*&7(-=.3=N&9:7&1=R*84:7(*8=CIRN`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=A?47*8`=P439&=D*1,&)&=3/*+82*+`= A?47*8`=P479:,&1=74)7.,:*8 :&(_59= .D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=&3)=P1&39=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S-*T==*1)`=S-*T==*1)`=S+*=.TN`=UK======7&)( '1:*>43)*7_(4_:0= /D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=A39<*75`=G74*3*3'47,*71&&3=+1+`=B8,*,*=A39<*75`=B*1,.:2b R4>&1=B*1,.&3=I389.9:9*=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8=D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*8=&3)=J4.39=E=5*7.2*39&1=M41*(:1&7= U3.9`=V&:9.*7897&&9=,3`=B8+***=B7:88*18`=B*1,.:2=T-.*77>_B&(0*1/&: 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_'*= P:3(9:&9*)= *6:.1.'7.:2`= &= 9-*47>= 4+= 5-*349>5.(= (-&3,*= &3)= 89&'.1.9>= 574548*)= &8= &3= &19*73&9.;*= 94= 9-*= D&7<.3.&3= 5&7&).,2= 4+= ,7&):&1= *;41:9.43= 4;*7= 9.2*`= 8>89*2&9.?*)= ABSTRACTS 3-
D&7<.38=&((*59&3(*=4+=9<4=9*2548=43=9-*=*;41:9.43&7>=574(*88=&3)=897*88*)=9-*=,7&):&1= 3&9:7*=4+=9-*=(-&3,*=5-&8*_=S5*(.*8=&7*=.39*757*9*)=&8=.3).;.):&1=*39.9.*8=<-.(-=&7*='473`= &,*=&3)=).*`=7*R=*(9.3,=;&7.4:8=)*,7**8=4+=89&'.1.9>=):7.3,=9-48*=89&,*8a=&='7.*+=5:18*=4+= ;&7.&3(*= &9= '.79-= := 5:3(9:&9.43= :`= +4114<*)= '>= &= 143,= 5*7.4)= 4+= 7*):(*)= ;&7.&3(*= := T, 89&8.8_=PE=<&8=574548*)=<.9-.3=&=5&1*439414,.(&1=+7&2*<470=&3)=9-*=85*(.&9.43=574(*88= :3)*71>.3,=.9=<&8=5*7.5&97>_=T-*=8:7,*=4+=9-*=5*7.5&97.(=*;*39=<&8=1&9*7=&884(.&9*)=94=89743,= *3;.7432*39&1= ).89:7'&3(*_= O:7= <470= 43= 9-*= A?47*&3= *3)*2.(= 4=>(-.1.)= 5:1243&9*= 8:',*3:8=D74:*9.&=8:,,*898=9-&9=9-.8=2&>='*=&3=&557457.&9*=24)*1=94=*=5147*=9-*=(43).9.438= &3)=57*).(9.438=.3-*7*39=94=PEa=.9=1.;*8=.3=&11=.81&3)8=&3)=*=-.'.98=&':3)&39=.397&8=&3)=.39*78 .81&3)=5-*349>5.(=;&7.&'.1.9>_=T-*=&7(-.5*1&,4=(4389.9:9*8=&3=&557457.&9*=8*=.3,a=857*&)= &143,=0**=02`=(1:89*7*)=.3=9-7**=,74:58=4+=.81&3)8`=9-*.7=&,*8=;&7>.3,=+742=,/*=K>=94=2=M>_= P*7.5&97.(=.397&8.81&3)=*;*398=(&3='*=7*1&9*)=94=;41(&3.(=&(9.;.9>_=I39*78.81&3)=).85*78&1=<.11= '*=*;&1:&9*)=&8=&=+&(947=&((4:39.3,=+47=.397&8.81&3)=;&7.&'.1.9>`=&3)=.98=.25&(9=43=9-*=9*3*98= 4+=5:3(9:&9*)=*6:.1.'7.:2=&88*88*)_ T-*=/=.81&3)8=4+=9-*=C*397&1=G74:5=&,*8=,/*=K>=94=,_/=M>=8-4<=&=(4251*==5&=*73=4+=,8-= (7>59.(=85*(.*881*;*1=9&=&=5*7=.81&3)`=<.9-=.39*78.81&3)=).85*78&1=51&>.3,=&=2&/47=741*=.3=.397&8 .81&3)=;&7.&'.1.9>b=.3=9-.8=8.9:&9.43`=D&7<.38=47.,.3&1=.81&3)=85*(.&9.43=24)*1=&55*&78=94=-41)= &3=&557457.&9*=*=51&3&9.43_=F147*8=O((.)*39&1=G74:5`=,_+/=M>=8-4<8=+4:7=2475-414,.(&11>= ).89.3,:.8-&'1*= 85*(.*881*;*1= 9&=&`= 43*= 4+= <-.(-= <.)*1>= 857*&)= &3)= ;*7>= ;&7.&'1*_= SD4= M.,:*1=E&89*73=G74:5`=.=M>=-&8=;&7.4:8=85*(.*881*;*1=9&=&=7*R=*(9.3,=9-*=(4251*==;41(&3.(= -.8947>=4+=9-*=.81&3)b=9-*=>4:3,*89=(1&)*=.8=&3&942.(&11>=;*7>=;&7.&'1*=&3)=<.)*857*&)_=B49-= 8.9:&9.438=2&>='*=.39*757*9*)=&8=(&8*8=4+=5:3(9:&9.43=&8=574548*)='>=9-*=PE=24)*1_=S&39&= M&7.&=E&89*73=,74:5`=2=M&=-&8=9-7**=2475-414,.(&11>=&3)=&3&942.(&11>=).89&391>=7*1&9*)= 85*(.*8=<.9-=14<=.397&885*(.*8=5-*349>5.(=;&7.&'.1.9>`=&8=<*11=&8=9-*=7*1&9*)=24349>5.(`=1.=1*= ;&7.&'1*=8:',*3:8=A91&394=>(-.1:8b=8:(-=.39*789&=43=2475-414,.(&1=).S=*7*3(*=&3)=.397&89&=43= 14<=2475-414,.(&1=;&7.&'.1.9>=.8=.39*757*9*)=&8=&=89&8.8=5-&8*_ A(034<1*),*2*39a=P74/*(9=PTDC2BIA8BDE21-.012,**0=:=S5*(.&9.43=.3=D74:*9.&a=*;.)*3(*= 4+=5:3(9:&9*)=*6:.1.'7.:2=F:3)&OD4=5&7&=&=C.U3(.&=*=&=T*(3414,.&`=P479:,&1_
T,_O,0 THE=PUNCTUATED=EQUILIBRIUM=THEORYa EVIDENCE=FROM=GASTROPODS=REVIEWED M.N=&*1=W_=R&88*7+`=C-7.89.&3=A1'7*N=9,`=M&9-.&8=H&7?-&:8*7-`=T-42&8=N*:'&:*7-`= R&.3*7=SN=4N= +=&3)=B*79=V&3=B4(=1&*7.`/ +S9&9*=M:8*:2=+47=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=S9:=,&79`=R48*389*.3=+`=D81*+3+=S9:=,&79`=G*72&3>======M.(-&*1_7&88*7 82388'<_)*`=7&.3*7_8(-4(- 82388'<_)*= ,D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=E(414,>=]=S>89*2&9.(8`=J:89:8=L.*'.,=U3.;*78.9>`=H*.37.(-8B:S=8R.3,=,08-,=IFZ`= D8-/-3,=G.*88*3`=G*72&3>`=(-7.89.&3_&1'7*(-9 &11?441_'.4_:3.8,.*88*3_)*= -G*414,.(&18P&1*439414,.(&1=D*5_`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2=V.*33&`=B:7,7.3,=1`=A8+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&`= 2&9-.&8_-&7?-&:8*7 3-28<.*3_&(_&9= .D*5&792*398=4+=P&1*4'.414,>=&3)=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=S2.9-843.&3=I389.9:9.43`=PO=B4==-1*+,`= W&8-.3,943`=DC=,**+-81*+,`=USA`=;&3'4(=1&*7' 8._*):= /R*8*&7(-=U3.9=P&1&*439414,>`=D*5&792*39=G*414,>=&3)=S4.1=S(.*3(*`=G-*39=U3.;*78.9>`=K7_=,81&&3=,2+= S2`=B83***=G-*39`=B*1,.:2='*79_;&3'4(=1&*7 :,*39_'*= P:3(9:&9*)= *6:.1.'7.:2= *;41:9.43= PEE= <&8= *89&'1.8-*)= '>= E1)7*),*= &3)= G4:1)= .3= +31,= &8= &= 24)*1= +47= ).8(439.3:4:8= 9*2548= 4+= (-&3,*= .3= 9-*= 574(*88= 4+= 85*(.&9.43= &3)= 9-*= )*514>2*39= 4+= 85*(.*8= .3= ,*414,.(&1= 9.2*_= T-.8= 24)*1= 8:22&7.?*)= 9-*= 3. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
5&1*439414,.(&1=4'8*7;&9.43=9-&9=5->14,*3*9.(=1.3*8=.3=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)=4V=*3=8-4<=143,= 5*7.4)8=4+=2475-414,.(&1=89&8.8`=5:3(9:&9*)='>=7&5.)=2475-414,.(&1=(-&3,*=&884(.&9*)= <.9-=85*(.&9.43=*;*398_=PEE=.8=+7*6:*391>=8**3=&8=&=(4397&89=94=5->1*9.(=,7&):&1.82=&3)= T, 97.,,*7*)=2:(-=)*'&9*=43=5&=*73=&3)=574(*88=4+=85*(.&9.43=.3=,*3*7&1_ S.3(*= .98= 574548&1`= PEE= -&8= '**3= )*'&9*)= .39*38.;*1>= &3)= 9-*= 8*&7(-= +47= *=&251*8= (439.3:*8_=A=7*(*39=7*8*=&2.3&9.43=4+=9-*=+4:3)&9.43&1=P1.48P1*.894(*3*=T:70&3&=B&8.3= 2411:8(8=(&898=)4:'9=&'4:9=9-*.7=8:55479.3,=9-*=9-*47>='*(&:8*=9-*=7&5.)=2475-414,.(&1= (-&3,*8= .3= 9-*= 7*(47)= <*7*= 8-4<3= 94= 7*57*8*39= 2:19.51*= .3;&8.438= 4+= :37*1&9*)= 9&=&= 7&9-*7= 9-&3= (-&3,*8= +742= &3(*8947= 94= )*8(*3)&39_= T-.8= *=&251*= 8-4<8= 9-&9= ;&7.4:8= .88:*8`=349=.3=9-*=1*&89=8&251.3,=574'1*28`=2&>='.&8=4:7=5*7(*59.43=4+=9-*=9*254=4+= *;41:9.43&7>=(-&3,*8_ O:7=5&5*7=).8(:88*8=24)*8=4+=*;41:9.43=&3)=-*3(*=*;.)*3(*=+47=PEE=.3=+7*8-<&9*7= ,&897454)8`= '49-= 24)*73= &3)= +488.1_= W*= 5&79.(:1&71>= +4(:8= 43= L&0*= O-7.)= R*(*39`= M&(*)43.&`=9-*=T:70&3&=B&8.3=P1.48P1*.894(*3*`=K*3>&`=9-*=V.*33&=B&8.3=L&9*=M.4(*3*`= A:897.&=&3)=9-*=S9*.3-*.2=B&8.3=M.))1*=M.4(*3*`=G*72&3>_=W*=)*243897&9*=-4<= ).T==(:19=.9=.8=94=*89&'1.8-=-.,-87*841:9.43=897&9.,7&5-.(=8*6:*3(*8=<.9-=&557457.&9*=9.2*8 (439741b=-4<=8*).2*39&9.43=7&9*8=&3)=8*).2*39&7>=,&58='.&8=4'8*7;&9.438=43=5-*349>5.(= (-&3,*b=<-&9=741*=9&5-4342>=51&>8`=.3(1:).3,=57*8*7;&9.43&1='.&8`=7*<470.3,`=8479.3,= &3)=97&385479b=<-&9=574'1*28=9-*7*=&7*=94=7*(4,3.8*='.414,.(&1=85*(.*8=.3=+488.1=2&9*7.&1= 47=94=).8(*73=,*3:.3*=*;41:9.43&7>=*;*398=+742=5-*349>5.(=;&7.&'.1.9>`=&3)=Q=3&11>=94= (43Q=)*39.&11>=*89&'1.8-=&3(*89478)*8(*3)&39=7*1&9.438-.58`='49-=.3=(&8*8=4+=&3&,*3*8.8= &3)=(1&)4,*3*8.8_=
T,_P+ DEVELOPMENT=OF=THE=MOLLUSCAN=DIVERSITY=IN=THE=FLOODPLAINS= OF=THE=PARIS=BASIN=FRANCE=BETWEEN=2/**=BC=AND=+.**=AD S&142S=G7&3&.+`,`=N.(41*=L.243).38L4?4:*9, +CNRS`=UMR=2,+/`=T7&/*(94.7*8`=,+=&11S*=)*=1U3.;*78.9S=3,*,-=N&39*77*=C*)*=`=F7&3(*======S&142*,7&3&. >&-44_+7= ,CNRS`=UMR=2/3+`=L&'47&94.7*=)*=GS4,7&5-.*=P->8.6:*`=+=51&(*=A_=B7.&3)`=3,+3/=M*:)43=C*)*=`=F7&3(*= N.(41*_L.243).3 (3788'*11*;:*_+7 R*8(:*=&7(-*414,>=-&8=)*;*145*)=(438.)*7&'1>=.3=F7&3(*=4;*7=9-*=1&89=9-.79>=>*&78_=I3= 9-.8= (439*=9`= 9-*= P&7.8= B&8.3= -&8= '**3= 9-*= 8:'/*(9= 4+= 3:2*74:8= .3;*89.,&9.438= ):*= 94= .98= 8.,3.Q=(&39= *(4342.(= )*;*1452*39= .3= 7*(*39= )*(&)*8_=A8= &= 7*8:19= 4+= 9-.8= *=9*38.;*= Q=*1)<470`= &= '74&)= 2:19.).8(.51.3&7>= &5574&(-= (42'.3.3,= ,*414,>= <.9-= 8*;*7&1= '.414,.(&1=574=.*8=-&8=9-*3='**3=:3)*79&0*3_=A243,=9-*8*='.414,.(&1=574=.*8`=89:).*8=4+= (439.3*39&1=2411:8(8=*3&'1*=9-*=7*(43897:(9.43=4+=*=97*2*1>=82&1188(&1*=*3;.7432*39&1= (-&3,*8='49-=.3=&=85&9.&1=&3)=9*2547&1=8*38*_=T4)&>`=&3=.25479&39=8*9=4+=2&1&(414,.(&1= )&9&=-&8='**3=(&77.*)=4:9=.3=9-*=;&11*>8=4+=9-*=P&7.8=B&8.3=&3)=.9=.8=9-:8=5488.'1*=94=+4114<= 9-*=)*;*1452*39=4+=9-*='.4).;*78.9>=.3=9-.8=7*,.43=9-74:,-=9.2*_=L440.3,=&9=9-*=H414(*3*= .3=247*=)*9&.1`=._*_=9-*=9*3=1&89=2.11*33.&`=<-*3=9-*=Q=789=N*41.9-.(=8*=1*78=&77.;*)=.3=9-*= P&7.8= B&8.3= &74:3)= /,**= BC`= 9-*= 1&3)8(&5*= .8= )42.3&9*)= '>= (1*&7= <44)1&3)8_= T-*8*= 574;.)*=&=5&9(-<470=4+=-&'.9&98=+47=83&.18=9-&9=+472=).;*78.Q=*)=&88*2'1&,*8_=F742=9-*= *3)=4+=9-*=N*41.9-.(=:39.1=9-*=*3)=4+=9-*=I743=A,*`=&=)7&2&9.(=&3)=(439.3:4:8=)*(7*&8*= 4+=9-*=).;*78.9>=.8=7*,.89*7*)_=T-*=3:2'*7=4+=85*(.*8=)4*8=349=)*(1.3*=8.,3.Q=(&391>=&9= Q=789=':9=9-*=85*(.2*38=(411*(9*)='*(42*=&(9:&11>=247*=&3)=247*=:3*;*31>=).897.':9*)= ABSTRACTS 3/
'*9<**3= 9-*= ).S=*7*39= 85*(.*8= .)*39.Q=*)_= S5*(.*8= +742= <*9= ,7&881&3)= 9-7.;*= &9= 9-*= *=5*38*=4+=8-&)*8)*2&3).3,=9&=&_=S*(43)1>`=9-*='.4).;*78.9>=)*(1.3*8=<.9-=&=)7&2&9.(= )*(7*&8*=4+=9-*=3:2'*7=4+=85*(.*8_=T-.8=.254;*7.8-2*39=4+=9-*=2&1&(414,.(&1=).;*78.9>= 9-:8=7*8:198=+742=&=(425&7&'1*=-424,*3.8&9.43=4+=;*,*9&9.43='74&)1>=4'8*7;*)=.3=9-*= T, P&7.8=B&8.3=R=44)51&.38_=W-*9-*7=9-*=(1.2&9*=.8=57.2&7.1>=7*85438.'1*=4+=9-*=24.89*3.3,= 4+=*(48>89*28`=9-*=.25479&39=-424,*3.8&9.43=4+=1&3)8(&5*8=*=57*88*8=&3=&39-7454,*3.(= 897*88=(&:8*)='>=9-*=2&.39&.3.3,=4+=45*3=85&(*8=+47=&,745&8947&1=&(9.;.9.*8_
T,_P, SUCCESSION=OF=LAND=SNAIL=ASSEMBLAGES=IN=QUARRIES=OF =BOHEMIAN=KARST`=CZECH=REPUBLIC A1*3&=K4(:704;@`=L:(.*=J:$.N04;@ D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=C-&71*8=U3.;*78.9>=.3=P7&,:*`=V.3.N3@=1`=CZ8+,2=..=P7&-&=,`= C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=A1>0_B (*397:2_(?`=1:(.*_/:7.(04;& 8*?3&2_(?= S:((*88.43=4+=1&3)=83&.1=&88*2'1&,*8=<&8=89:).*)=.3=+2=&'&3)43*)=1.2*8943*=6:&77.*8= 4+=).S=*7*39=&,*=.3=B4-*2.&3=K&789`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(_=T-*=3:2'*7=4+=85*(.*8=.3=89:).*)= 6:&77.*8=.3(7*&8*8=.3=9-*=9.2*_=T-*=1*88=85*(.*8=<*7*=+4:3)=.3=9-*=41)*89=6:&77.*8_=T-.8= 97*3)=<&8=574'&'1>=(&:8*)='>=-&'.9&9=).;*78.9>=)*(1.3*=&19-4:,-=.9=.8=349=(43(1:8.;*_= T-*='*89=57*).(9478=4+=2411:80=85*(.*8=(42548.9.43=&7*=9>5*=4+=8:774:3).3,=;*,*9&9.43`= 1.,-9=&3)=&,*_=I9=.8=.25479&39=94=9&0*=.394=&((4:39=(477*1&9.438=4+=9-*=49-*7=*3;.7432*39&1= ;&7.&'1*8=<.9-=1.,-9=&3)=9-*=(4;*7=4+=97**=1&>*7_=C42548.9.438=4+=2411:80=&88*2'1&,*8= 4+= 3479-= &3)= 84:9-8+&(.3,= 8145*8= ).S=*7`= ':9= 9-*8*= ).S=*7*3(*8= ).2.3.8-= <.9-= 43,4.3,= 8:((*88.43_=Q:&77.*8=7*57*8*39=8:.9&'1*=24)*1=8.9*8=+47=9-*=89:)>=4+=8:((*88.43_
T,_P- RECENTLY=ADAPTED=OR=RELIC=SURVIVORS=THE=PHYLOGEOGRAPHY=OF= HELIX=FROM=THE=APENNINES=ITALY=TO=NORTH=EUROPE V.;.&3&=F.47*39.34+`=G.:8*55*=M&3,&3*11.,`=F_=G.:89.,`=V_=K*92&.*7+`- +U3.9=4+=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>2S>89*2&9.(=Z4414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.4(-*2.897>=&3)=B.414,>`= U3.;*78.9>=4+=P498)&2=+..10`=P498)&2`=G*72&3>=Q=47*39.34_;.;.&3& ,2&.1_(42= ,U3.;*78.9>=4+=S.*3&`=D*5&792*39=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*8`=V.&=P_=A_=M&=.41.=.`=/-+**=S.*3&`=I9&1>= ,.:8*55*_2&3,&3*11. :3.8._.9b=+, :7+?_47,= -D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>=&3)=B.49*(-3414,>=C-&71*8=D&7<.3`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=R42*=S&5.*3?&`= V.&1*=)*11U3.;*78.9A=-,`=**+2/=R42*`=I9&1>=0*92&.*7 :3.85498)&2_)*= T-*=*;41:9.43&7>=-.8947>=4+=9-*=83&.1=H*1.==.8=>*9=:3034<3_=I98=9>5*=85*(.*8`=9-*=R42&3= 83&.1=H_=542&9.&`=9-4:,-9=94='*=4+=S4:9-=E:745*&3=47.,.3`=.8=<.)*857*&)=.3=E:745*_=T-*7*= &7*=9-7**=2&.3=->549-*8*8=94=*=51&.3=.98=57*8*39=).897.':9.43a=+=&=85439&3*4:8=54898 ,1&(.&1=7*8(4143.8&9.43=4+=C*397&1=&3)=N479-*73=E:745*=+742=S4:9-=E:745*&3=7*+:,.&b= ,=7*5*&9*)=-:2&3=2*).&9*)=97&3814(&9.438=8.3(*=9-*=R42&3=E54(-b=-=9-*=(43(:77*3(*= 4+=9-*8*=9<4=*;*398_ A9= 9-*= 82&11*7= 8(&1*= 4+= 9-*= A5*33.3*8= 5*3.38:1&7= I9&1>`= H*1.== .8= &= ).;*78*= ,74:5= ).851&>.3,='74&)=8-*11=;&7.&9.43`=':9=9<4=2&.3=(&9*,47.*8=(&3='*=7*(4,3.8*)a=&=(414:7*)= -=-&?*1=94=>*114<.8-=8-*11*)=43*=&3)=&=5&1*=-=5&1*=-&?*1=94=<-.9.8-=8-*11*)=+472_=B49-= 9>5*8=&7*=).897.':9*)=&143,=&='74&)=7&3,*=4+=&19.9:)*8`=._*_=+742=-**=94=,+**=2=&'4;*=8*&= 1*;*1_=O;*7=9-*=9.2*`=9-*8*=9<4=+4728=&3)=9-*.7=;&7.&398=-&;*='**3=(438.)*7*)=).S=*7*39= 30 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
85*(.*828:'85*(.*8=8(&=*7*)=&143,=9-*=A5*33.3*8=':9=&=89&'1*=9&=4342.(=&77&3,*2*39= -&8=349='**3=7*&(-*)=84=+&7_= T4= 9*89= 9-*= ;&1.).9>= 4+= 9-*= (:77*39= 8>89*2&9.(8= 4+= H*1.== &3)= 94= 7*(43897:(9= 9-*= T, 5->14,*4,7&5->=4+=9-*=R42&3=83&.1`=<*=&3&1>8*)=2475-414,.(&1=8-*11=&3)=,*3.9&1.&= &3)=241*(:1&7=2.94(-43)7.&1=&3)=3:(1*&7=2&70*78=)&9&_=T-*=5->14,*4,7&5->=4+=9-*= R42&3= 83&.1= )4*8= 349= 8:55479= &= 8(*3&7.4= .3= <-.(-= -:2&382*).&9*)= 97&3814(&9.438= 51&>*)=&=8.,3.Q=(&39=741*_=M47*4;*7`=(4397&7>=94=9-*=*=5*(9&9.438`=8-*118=)4=349=(477*(91>= .)*39.+>=85*(.*8`=<-*7*&8=241*(:1*8=&3)=2475-414,>=4+=,*3.9&18=)4_=P->14,*4,7&5-.(= &3&1>8*8=4+=H*1.==+742=9-*=A5*33.3*8=8:55479=&=8(*3&7.4=.3=<-.(-=247*=9-&3=43*=85*(.*8= .8=.3;41;*)=&3)=<-*7*=9-*=5&1*=+472=.8=&=7*1.(9=9-&9=8:7;.;*)=9-*=P1*.894(*3*=,1&(.&9.438_= T-*=(414:7*)=+472=.8=&=)*7.;*)=(43).9.43=7*1&9*)=94=-&'.9&98=&9=14<*7=&19.9:)*8_=
T,_P. LAND=SNAIL=SPECIES=OF=PORTO=SANTAN=ISLETSa= THE=LIFE=PROJECT=EXPERIENCE D.3&79*=T*.=*.7&+`=C7.89.3&=A'7*:, +D.7*OD4=R*,.43&1=)*=F147*89&8=*=C438*7;&OD4=)&=N&9:7*?&`=C&2.3-4=)4=M*.4=:=B42=S:(*884`= 3*0.8/+,=F:3(-&1`=M&)*.7&`=P479:,&1=).3&79*9*.=*.7&_87& ,4;82&)*.7&_59= ,C*3974=)*=C425*9U3(.&8=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=V.)&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)&=M&)*.7&`=C&25:8=)&=P*39*&)&`= 3*,*8+*/=F:3(-&1`=P479:,&1=(7.89.3&&'7*: 3*92&)*.7&_(42= T-*=P4794=S&394=I81&3)=.8=43*=4+=9-*=<471)8='.4).;*78.9>=-498549=&8=+&7=&8=1&3)=83&.1= (438*7;&9.43=.8=(43(*73*)_=D.85*78*)=43=&=949&1=&7*&=4+=,-,=-&`=9-*=P4794=S&39&3=I81*98= PSI=*3(148*=--=9&=&`=<-*7*=-*=3*_2=&7*=*3)*2.(=94=9-*=&7(-.5*1&,4=&3)=*.,-9=,._,.= &7*=*=(1:8.;*_=S42*=4+=9-*8*=85*(.*8`=1.0*=H>897.(*11&=9:77.(:1&=C.2&=I81*9=&3)=I).42*1&= 8:'51.(&9&=B&.=4=I81*9`=-&;*=&=;*7>=7*897.(9*)=).897.':9.43`=<.9-=&=7&3,*=1*88=9-&3=/**2,_= S*;*7&1=4+=9-48*=*=(1:8.;*=85*(.*8=-&;*=&3=:3+&;47&'1*=(438*7;&9.43=89&9:8='*.3,=1.89*)= &8=*3)&3,*7*)`='49-=43=I39*73&9.43&1=&3)=R*,.43&1=R*)=L.898_ T-*= LIFE= P74/*(9= H&19= 9-*= 1488= 4+= E:745*&3= B.4).;*78.9>= 9-74:,-= 9-*= 7*(4;*7>= 4+= -&'.9&98= &3)=85*(.*8=4+=9-*=PSI=&3)=8:774:3).3,=2&7.3*=&7*&=LIFE*3=NAT2PT2****.+=8=LPSI=-&8= 9-*=5:7548*=94=,:&7&39**=9-&9=9-*=*(48>89*28=43=9-*=N&9:7*=,***=N*9<470=8.9*=4+=PSI= PTPOR***+=:=H&'.9&9=+,/*=7*&(-=&=89&'1*`=+&;47&'1*=&3)=8*1+88:89&.3&'1*=(438*7;&9.43= 89&9:8_=T&0.3,=51&(*='*9<**3=,*+*=:=,*+.`=43*=4+=9-*=2&.3=&.28=4+=9-*=LPSI=.8=94=(7*&9*= (43).9.438=.3=47)*7=94=*3&'1*=9-*=7*(4;*7>=4+=E:745*&3=57.47.9>=1&3)=83&.1=85*(.*8=8:(-= &8=C&8*41:8=(&1(:1:8`=C&8*41:8=(422.=9:8`=I).42*1&=8:'51.(&9&=&3)=H>897.(*11&=9:77.(:1&_ T-*=2&.3=*(414,.(&1=&3)=(438*7;&9.43=&(9.438=+47=1&3)=83&.18=.3(1:)*=+=9-*=*89&'1.8-2*39= 4+=243.947.3,=8(-*2*8=94=&88*88=9-*=9&=&=7*85438*=94=9-*=(43(7*9*=(438*7;&9.43=&(9.438= .251*2*39*)= 43= 9-*= PSI`= ,= 7*;.8.43= &3)= .2574;*2*39= 4+= 9-*= (:77*39= 9&=4342.(&1= 034<1*),*=4+=9-*=9*77*897.&1=2411:8(8=+&:3&=4+=9-*=PSI`=-=*1&'47&9.43=4+=A(9.43=P1&38=+47= *&(-=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=1.89*)=.3=9-*=H&'.9&98=D.7*(9.;*8b=.=.2574;*2*39=4+=9-*=*=5&38.43=4+= 9-*=8*;*7*1>=*3)&3,*7*)=*3)*2.(=1&3)=83&.18=545:1&9.438=C_=(&1(:1:8`=C_=(422.=9:8`=H_= 9:77.(:1&`=I_=8:'51.(&9&=/=S*=.3,=&=3*9<470=4+=8-*19*78=&3)=*=(1:8.43=&7*&8=.3=47)*7=94= 7*):(*=&3)247=57*;*39=9-*=57*)&9.43=4+=1&3)=83&.18='>=8*&,:118=&3)=2.(*`=0=B:.1).3,=&= 89743,=8:55479=4+=9-*=,*3*7&1=5:'1.(=&3)=&<&7*3*88=7*,&7).3,=9-*=1&3)=83&.1=85*(.*8=&3)= *(48>89*28=.3=6:*89.43_= ABSTRACTS 31
T,_P/ MORPHOLOGICAL=CONVERGENCE=AND=MOLECULAR=DIVERGENCE=OF= TROCHULUS=STRIOLATUS=AND=T_=MONTANUS=WITH=THEIR=RELATIONSHIP= TO=SYMPATRIC=CONGENERS=GASTROPODAa=PULMONATAa=HYGROMIIDAE T, M&,47?&9&=P74L0<+`=T42&8?=S97?&&,`=E1D'.*9&=K:B3.08K4<&180&- +M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=W74(&<=U3.;*78.9>`=S.*30.*<.(?&=,+`=/*8--/=W74(&<`=P41&3)= 2574(04< '.41_:3._<74(_51 ,D*5&792*39=4+=G*3*9.(8`=F&(:19>=4+=B.414,>=&3)=A3.2&1=S(.*3(*`=W74(&<=U3.;*78.9>=4+=E3;.7432*39&1= &3)=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=K4D:(-4<80&=1`=/+80-+=W74(&<`=P41&3)=942&8?_897?&1& :5_<74(_51 -D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=S>89*2&9.(8=&3)=E(414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>`=W74(&<= U3.;*78.9>=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=&3)=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=K4D:(-4<80&=/'`=/+80-+=W74(&<`=P41&3)======*1?'.*9&_04<&180& :5_<74(_51 I3=2411:8(8=8-*11=2475-414,>=-&8=51&>*)=&3=.25479&39=741*=.3=9-*=).S=*7*39.&9.43=4+=85*(.*8= 8.3(*= *;*7_= H4<*;*7`= *=9*38.;*= 2475-414,.(&1= ;&7.&9.43= &3)= 1&(0= 4+= 7*&).1>= &;&.1&'1*= ).&,3489.(= (-&7&(9*78= 4V=*3= .3;.9*= 9&=4342.(= (43+:8.438= &243,= (148*1>= 7*1&9*)= 85*(.*8`= 8:(-=&8=.3=9-*=,*3:8=T74(-:1:8_=T<4=342.3&1=85*(.*8=T74(-:1:8=897.41&9:8=C_=P+*.S=*7`=+2,2= &3)=T_=2439&3:8=S9:)*7`=+2,*=&7*=.3).89.3,:.8-&'1*=43=9-*='&8.8=4+=841*=(43(-414,.(&1=97&.98= &3)=8-4<=431>=8:'91*=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=9-*=7*574):(9.;*=8>89*2_=T-*7*+47*`=<*=5*7+472*)= 241*(:1&7=&3)=2475-414,.(&1=&3&1>8*8=94=*89&'1.8-=74':89=85*(.*8=1.2.98=&243,=9-*=85*(.*8_= T-*=(&343.(&1=).8(7.2.3&39=&3&1>8.8=CDA=4+=8-*11=(-&7&(9*78=(43Q=728=9-*=89743,=8.2.1&7.9>= '*9<**3= 9-*= 85*(.*8_=A9= 9-*= 8&2*= 9.2*`= 9-*= 8-*11= 2475-414,>= 8-4<8= &= -.,-= ;&7.&'.1.9>= &243,=&3)=<.9-.3=545:1&9.438=4+='49-=85*(.*8=84=9-&9=).89.3(9=+4728=(&3='*=).89.3,:.8-*)_= S.2.1&71>`=9-*=&3&1>8.8=4+=,*3.9&1=2475-414,>=8-4<8=9-&9=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=,*3.9&1=2475-414,>= &7*=(439.3:4:8=&3)=57&(9.(&11>=3*,1.,.'1*=&243,=9-*=85*(.*8_=O3=9-*=(4397&7>`=5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8.8='&8*)=43=8*6:*3(*8=4+=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1=(>94(-742*=4=.)&8*=I=COI=,*3*=8-4<8= (1*&7=,*3*9.(=).;*7,*3(*='*9<**3=T_=897.41&9:8=&3)=T_=2439&3:8_=P->14,*3*9.(=97**='&8*)=43= +01=.3).;.):&18=4+=T74(-:1:8=85*(.*8=++.=8*6:*3(*8=4+=4:7=4<3=&3)=/-=7*97.*;*)=+742=9-*= G*3B&30=)&9&'&8*=(438.898=4+=9<4=2&/47=(1&)*8_=T-*=Q=789=43*=,74:58=T_=897.41&9:8`=T_=8*7.(*:8= &3)=T74(-:1:8=85_=T-*=8*(43)=(1&)*=(4257.8*8=T_=2439&3:8`=T_=(1&3)*89.3:8`=T_=(&*1&9:8`=T_= 8*7.(*:8= &3)= &= 1&7,*= 8*7.*8= 4+= :3.)*39.Q=*)= T74(-:1:8= 85_= T-:8`= <*= (&3= (43(1:)*= 9-&9= T_= 2439&3:8=.8=2489=(148*1>=7*1&9*)=94=T_=(1&3)*89.3:8=&3)=T_=(&*1&9:8b=9-*>=+472=&=24345->1*9.(= ,74:5_=H4<*;*7`=.9=.8=).T==(:19=94=)*9*72.3*=9-*=8>89*2&9.(=548.9.43=4+=T_=8*7.(*:8=8.3(*=9-*= 85*(.2*38=2475-414,.(&11>=7*8*2'1.3,=9-.8=9&=43=&7*=51&(*)=.3='49-=2&.3=(1&)*8=4+=9-*= 5->14,7&2=&8=8.,3.Q=(&391>=).S=*7*39_=F47=Q=3&1=(43(1:8.438=43=T_=8*7.(*:8=)*9&.1*)=89:).*8`= .3(1:).3,=&=1&7,*7=3:2'*7=4+=.3).;.):&1822&70*78=&7*=7*6:.7*)_
T,_P0 FOCUSED=ON=MORPHOMETRY=OF=EUROPEAN= PUPILLA=SPECIES=FLEMING`=+2,2 J&3&=04)4;@+`=L:(.*=J:$.N04;@=+`=A)&2=P*97:8*0, +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=C-&71*8=U3.;*78.9>=.3=P7&,:*`=V.3.N3@=1`=CZ8+,2=..=P7&-&`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(= /&;*804 (*397:2_(?`=1:(.*_/:7.(04;& 8*?3&2_(? ,D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>`=C-&71*8=U3.;*78.9>=.3=P7&,:*`=V.3.N3@=1`=CZ8+,2=..=P7&-&`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(= &)&2_5*97:8*0 3&9:7_(:3._(? P:5.11&=83&.18=&7*=9>5.(&1=+488.18=4+=9-*=,1&(.&1=14*88=&88*2'1&,*8=.3=<-.(-=8*;*7&1=9&=&= 4+=9-.8=,*3:8=:8:&11>=(484((:7_=S42*=4+=8:(-=85*(.*8=4+=14*88=+&:3&=8:7;.;*)=*3)8=4+= 32 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
9-*=L&89=G1&(.&1=.3=C*397&1=E:745*=&9=7&7*=&3)=.841&9*)=-&'.9&98=8:(-=&8=74(0>=89*55*8= P_=89*77..`=P_=97.51.(&9&=47=9:+&8+472.3,=+*38=P_=&15.(41&=':9=P_=2:8(47:2=&(9:&11>='*(&2*= 43*=4+=9-*=2489=(42243=85*(.*8=.3=,7&881&3)8=.3(1:).3,=:7'&3=1&<38_=O9-*7=P:5.11&= T, 85*(.*8=034<3=+742=+488.1=7*(47)=,49=*=9.3(9=.3=C*397&1=E:745*=':9=89.11=4((:7=.3=89*55*8= 4+=C*397&1=A8.&_=A((47).3,=94=24)*73=241*(:1&7=89:).*8`=&=3*<=85*(.*8=4+=P:5.11&=P_= 57&9*38.8=<&8=;&1.)&9*)=':9=247*=9&=4342.(=7*;.8.438=<.9-.3=9-.8=,*3:8=&7*=1.0*1>=94= +4114<_=O:7=89:)>=(425&7*8=8-*11=(-&7&(9*78=4+=C*397&1=E:745*&3=+488.1=85*(.2*38=<.9-= 7*(*39=83&.18=+47='*=*7=.38.,-9=.394=;&7.&'.1.9>=4+=034<3=9&=&=&3)=5488.'1*=).S=*7*3(*8= '*9<**3= 9-*2_= W*= :8*)= &= :3.6:*= (411*(9.43= 4+= Q:&9*73&7>= 2&9*7.&1= (411*(9*)= '>= D7_= V4/*3=L4C*0=+742=9-*=&7*&=4+=9-*=C?*(-=&3)=S14;&0=R*5:'1.(8`=&3)=7*(*39=P:5.11&=85*(.*8= +742=9-.8=7*,.43_=W*=<.11=57*8*39=7*8:198=4+=(425&7.843=4+=(1&88.(&1=2475-42*97>=<.9-= 9-*=,*42*97.(=2475-42*97.(=&5574&(-=E11.59.(&1=F4:7.*7=A3&1>8.8_
T,_P1 SNAILS=DO=IT=:=BUT=SOMETIMES=THEY=DONHT=NEED=TO=DO=IT SELFING=IN=GEOGRAPHICALLY=SEPARATED=POPULATIONS=OF= CYLINDRUS=OBTUSUS=GASTROPODAa=PULMONATAa=HELICIDAE L:.8*=K7:O=*3-&:8*7+`=L&:7&=Z455+`,`=H*12:9=S&=2&33,`=B&7'&7&=DC:'1+`= L:.8=C&)&-.&+`=E1.8&'*9-=H&7.3,+`- +C*397&1=R*8*&7(-=L&'47&947.*8`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&=L:.8*_ K7:(0*3-&:8*7 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=L&:7&_Z455 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=B&7'&7&_D&*:'1 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`= L:.8_C&)&-.& ,2&.1_(42`=E1.8&'*9-_H&7.3, 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 ,T-.7)=Z4414,.(&1=D*5&792*39`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&======H*12:9_S&=2&33 3-28<.*3_&(_&9= -D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=A19-&3897&I*=+.`=+*3*=V.*33&`=A:897.& C>1.3)7:8=4'9:8:8=.8=&=-*72&5-74).9.(=1&3)83&.1`=*3)*2.(=.3=9-*=A:897.&3=A158`=<-.(-= .8=7*897.(9*)=94=-.,-=*1*;&9.438=+0**=94=,/**=2=&81=&3)=1.2*8943*_=I9=-&8=&=6:.9*=5&9(->= ).897.':9.43=&7*&=<-.(-=2&>='*(42*=*;*3=+:79-*7=7*):(*)=.3=9-*=+:9:7*=):*=94=,14'&1= <&72.3,_= P7*;.4:8= .3;*89.,&9.438= 7*;*&1*)= ,*4,7&5-.(= ).S=*7*3(*8= .3= 9-*= ,*3.9&1= &55&7&9:8a=A11=85*(.2*38=+742=9-*=247*=<*89*73=545:1&9.438=-&)=43*=89>145-47*=&3)= 9<4=*6:&11>=)*;*145*)=2:(:8=,1&3)8=247*=9-&3=9<.(*=9-*=1*3,9-=4+=9-*=89>145-47*_= I3=(4397&89`=.3=.3).;.):&18=+742=9-*=*&89*73=2&7,.3=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=).897.':9.43`=43*= 47=9<4=2:(:8=,1&3)8=<*7*=+4:3)=&3)=9-*=8.?*=7&9.4='*9<**3=89>145-47*=&3)=2:(:8= ,1&3)8=<&8=-.,-1>=;&7.&'1*_=T4=Q=3)=4:9=<-*9-*7=9-*8*=&3&942.(&1=).S=*7*3(*8=7*R=*(9= &=,*3*9.(=).S=*7*39.&9.43`=<-.(-=2.,-9='*=&3=.3).(&9.43=+47=).89.3(9=,1&(.&1=7*+:,.&`= <*= .3;*89.,&9*)= &= 0/*= '5= +7&,2*39= 4+= 9-*= COI= 8*6:*3(*= ,**= .3).;.):&18= &3)= 3= 2.(748&9*11.9*=14(.=/**=.3).;.):&18=+742=,3=545:1&9.438=+742=8&251*8=(4;*7.3,=9-*= <-41*=).897.':9.43=7&3,*=4+=9-*=85*(.*8_=T-*=COI=8*6:*3(*8=8-4<*)=&=,*4,7&5-.(= ).S=*7*39.&9.43='*9<**3=*&89*73`=(*397&1=&3)=<*89*73=545:1&9.438_=T-*=2.(748&9*11.9*= &3&1>8.8=7*;*&18=&=-.,-=).S=*7*39.&9.43='*9<**3=9-*=545:1&9.438=.251>.3,=7*897.(9.43= 4+=,*3*=R=4<_=R*2&70&'1*=3*&71>=&11=.3).;.):&18=+742=9-*=*&89*73=545:1&9.438`=<-.(-= &7*=;&7.&'1*=.3=9-*.7=,*3.9&1=2475-414,>`=&7*=-424?>,4:8=.3=&11=2.(748&9*11.9*=14(.= &19-4:,-= ).S=*7*39= &11*1*8= <*7*= +4:3)= <.9-.3= 545:1&9.438_= T-*= 2489= 51&:8.'1*= *=51&3&9.43= +47= 9-.8= Q=3).3,= .8= &3= &19*7*)= 24)*= 4+= 7*574):(9.43_= F47= +:79-*7= .3;*89.,&9.438=6:&39.9&9.;*=2*&8:7*2*398=4+=9-*=2:(:8=,1&3)8=&3)=9-*=89>145-47*= <*7*=9&0*3=+742=247*=9-&3=1*=.3).;.):&18=(411*(9*)=+742=+0=545:1&9.438_=T-*=7*8:198= (43Q=72=9-*=*&898<*89=).;.8.43=8:,,*89.3,=5488.'1*=+:3(9.43&1=).S=*7*3(*8_=T4=&88*88= ABSTRACTS 33
9-*=+:3(9.43&1.9>=4+=9-*=2:(:8=,1&3)8`=&=(425&7&9.;*=-.89414,.(&1=.3;*89.,&9.43=4+= <&8= 5*7+472*)_= T-.8= <470= -&8= '**3= +:3)*)= '>= 9-*=A:897.&3= S(.*3(*= F4:3)&9.43= P+3/3,8B+1_ T, T,_P2 WHY=SUCH=A=GREAT=DIVERSITY=OF=REPRODUCTIVE=STRATEGIES=IN= BALEINAE=GASTROPODAa=PULMONATAa=CLAUSILIIDAE T42&8?=K_=M&19?+`=A33&=S:1.04<80&8D74?), +M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=W74(&<=U3.;*78.9>`=S.*30.*<.(?&=,+`=/*8--/=W74(&<`=P41&3)======942&19? '.41_:3._<74(_51= ,D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>=&3)=H>)74'.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=!)B`=B&3&(-&=+,2+0`=3*8,-1=!)B`= P41&3)=8:1.0 '.41_:3._14)?_51= B&1*.3&*= &7*= 43*= 4+= Q=;*= (1&:8.1..)= 8:'+&2.1.*8= 7*57*8*39*)= .3= E:745*b= 9-*>= .3(1:)*= 1= ,*3*7&= <.9-= /+= 85*(.*8_= L.+*= (>(1*8= 4+= +*= 4+= 9-*= 85*(.*8= (&_= ,*= -&;*= '**3= 89:).*)= 94= )&9*`= '49-= .3= 9-*= 1&'47&947>= &3)= .3= 9-*= Q=*1)_= T-*>= &7*= .9*745&74:8`= 143,81.;*)`= 4+= )*9*72.3&9*=8-*11=,74<9-=&3)=)*1&>*)=7*574):(9.;*=2&9:7.9>_=T-*=85*(.*8=;&7>=.3=9-*.7= 7*574):(9.;*=897&9*,.*8a=.=&7*=4;.5&74:8`=-=7*9&.3=9-*.7=*,,8=+47=;&7.4:8=5*7.4)8=4+=9.2*`=-= &7*=;.;.5&74:8_=T-7**=&243,=9-*2=;.;.5&74:8=85*(.*8=&3)=*,,=7*9&.3*78=&7*=(&5&'1*=4+= 8*1+8+*79.1.8&9.43_=T-*=85*724;.):(9=&3)=+7**=4;.):(9=8*(9.43=)4=349=).S=*7=&3&942.(&11>= 47=-.89414,.(&11>='*9<**3=4;.5&74:8=&3)=;.;.5&74:8=85*(.*8=*=(*59=B_=5*7;*78&=<.9-=.98= 8.251.Q=*)=897:(9:7*8=.38.)*=9-*=,434):(9_=T-*=85*724;.):(9=.8=(42548*)=4+=-=5&791>= 45*3=(&3&18=8*2.97.&:1.(=8>89*2a=&:9485*72.):(9`=&11485*72.):(9=&3)=4;.):(9b='*14<= 9-*= 8*5&7&9.43= 4+= ;&8= )*+*7*38= 9-*= 4;.):(9= <.9-= 9-*= &((425&3>.3,= &11485*72.):(9= +4728=9-*=:9*7:8_=T-*=897:(9:7*=4+=85*724;.):(9=&3)=+7**=4;.):(9=2&0*8=5488.'1*=*,,= 7*9*39.432;.;.5&7.9>`=':9=431>=842*=85*(.*8=:8*=9-*8*=897:(9:7*8=94=7*9&.3=*,,8_=R*&8438= +47=9-*=).;*78.9>=4+=7*574):(9.;*=897&9*,.*8=2&>='*=84:,-9=.3=*3;.7432*39&1=(43).9.438_= E,,= 7*9*39.432;.;.5&7.9>= &7*= 574'&'1>= +&;4:7*)= '>= -.,-= -:2.).9>= 4+= 2439&3*= &3)= 8:'243&9*=+47*898`=&7*&8=&)/4.3*)='>=<&9*7='4).*8=47=8:'/*(9=94=9-*=*S=*(98=4+=4(*&3.(= (1.2&9*_=A11=9-*=89:).*)=;.;.5&74:8=&3)=*,,87*9&.3.3,=B&1*.3&*=4((:7=.3=8:(-=&7*&8=&3)= 9-*.7=).897.':9.43=7&3,*8=)4=349=.3(1:)*=9>5.(&11>=(439.3*39&1=47=M*).9*77&3*&3=7*,.438_= T-*=8.251.Q=*)=897:(9:7*=4+=9-*=(148.3,=&55&7&9:8=.3=B&1*&=5*7;*78&=+742=4(*&3.(=(1.2&9*8= .8=&=5&79.(:1&7=&)&59&9.43=94=;.;.5&7.9>_=T-*=(43.(&1=8-*11=8-&5*=1.0*=.3=/:;*3.1*8=4+=49-*7= B&1*.3&*`=(425*38&947>=,74<9-=&V=*7=9-*=438*9=4+=7*574):(9.43=&3)=82&11=8.?*`=.3).(&9*= 3*49*3>=<-.(-=2&>=-&;*=*;41;*)=.3=&=-.,-8-:2.).9>=*3;.7432*39_
T,_P3 PINNING=DOWN=TENUISTEMMA=PULMONATAa=UROCOPTIDAEa= LOCAL=EVOLUTION=OF=AN=EXTREME=SHELL=SHAPE D*33.8=R_=U.9=)*=W**7) S(-441=4+=S(.*3(*`=O5*3=U3.;*78.9*.9`=P_O_=B4==,30*`=NL=0.*+=DL=H**71*3`=T-*=N*9-*71&3)8b= L&'47&947>=+47=M41*(:1&7=S>89*2&9.(8=]=E(414,>`=A(&)*2>=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=P-.1&)*15-.&`=PA=+3+*-`= USA=)*33.8_:.9)*<**7) 4:_31= T-*= C:'&3= 1&3)= 83&.1= ,*3:8= T*3:.89*22&= P:1243&9&a= U74(459.)&*= .8= (-&7&(9*7.8*)= '>= &= 89743,1>= &=*3:&9*)= &12489= 3**)1*81.0*= 8-*11`= &= 8-&5*= :3.6:*= <.9-.3= 9-*= +&2.1>= U74(459.)&*_=T-*=,*3:8=-&8=&3=*=(*59.43&11>=82&11=,*4,7&5-.(=).897.':9.43a=.9=.8=034<3= +** AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
+742=43*=85*(.*8`=T*3:.89*22&=1&9*7&1.8`=<-.(-=.8=(43Q=3*)=94=9-*=8:22.9=4+=E1=Y:36:*= 24:39&.3=.3=9-*=N.5*8S&,:&8B&7&(4&=2&88.+=.3=SE=C:'&_= G*3:881*;*1= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3*9.(= 89:).*8= 8-4<*)= 9-&9= T*3:.89*22&= .8= ;*7>= (148*1>= T, 7*1&9*)= 94= 9-*= ,*3:8= P1*:7489*22&_= T-&9= ,*3:8= -&8= &= (>1.3)7.(&1= 8-*11`= 1.0*= 2489= U74(459.)&*_=P1*:7489*22&=.8=+&7=247*=).;*78*=&3)=<.)*8857*&)=9-&3=T*3:.89*22&`=<.9-= 9-7**=7*(4,3.?*)=85*(.*8=<.9-=&=(42'.3*)=).897.':9.43=(4;*7.3,=2489=4+=9-*=N.5*8S&,:&8 B&7&(4&=2&88.+=8:774:3).3,=9-*=7&3,*=4+=T*3:.89*22&_ T-.8=247*=)*9&.1*)=89:)>=.3(1:)*8=2:19.51*=85*(.2*38=4+=T*3:.89*22&=1&9*7&1.8`=&3)=.9= *=&2.3*8=P1*:7489*22&=&9=9-*=85*(.*8=&3)=8:'85*(.*8=1*;*1_=F47=*&(-=85*(.2*3`=5&79.&1= 8*6:*3(*8=4+=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1=(>94(-742*=4=.)&8*=I=,*3*=&3)=8*6:*3(*8=4+=Q=;*=(143*8= 4+= 9-*= 2:19.8(45>= 3:(1*&7= .39*73&1= 97&38(7.'*)= 85&(*7= ,= ITS,= 7*,.43= <*7*= 4'9&.3*)_= S:757.8.3,1>`=5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8*8= 4+= '49-= 2&70*78= .3)*5*3)*391>= 3*89= T*3:.89*22&= 1&9*7&1.8= 349= 431>= <.9-.3= P1*:7489*22&`= ':9= <.9-.3= 9-*= 85*(.*8= P1*:7489*22&= 5*751.(&9&`= <-*7*= .9= +4728= (1&)*= <.9-= P1*:7489*22&= 5*751.(&9&= >:36:*38.8_= T-.8= 8:'85*(.*8= 4((:78= 5&7&5&97.(&11>=<.9-=T*3:.89*22&=1&9*7&1.8=43=E1=Y:36:*=24:39&.3_=U31*88=43*=&88:2*8= .39*7,*3*7.(= .3974,7*88.;*= 7*51&(*2*39= 4+= '49-= 2.94(-43)7.&1= DNA= &3)= ITS,= (45.*8= .3= T*3:.89*22&=1&9*7&1.8`= 9-*8*= 7*8:198= .3).(&9*= 9-&9= T*3:.89*22&=1&9*7&1.8= *;41;*)= +742= P1*:7489*22&=5*751.(&9&=>:36:*38.8=43=E1=Y:36:*=24:39&.3_=
T,_P+* PREDATION=BY=BEETLES=COLEOPTERAa=ELATERIDAEa=DRILINI=MAY=DRIVE= SHELL=EVOLUTION=IN=ALBINARIA=PULMONATAa=CLAUSILIIDAE E18=B&&1'*7,*3+`=R*38*=SN= *1Z=4789+`=R*3&9*=A_=H*1<*7)&+`=S.348=G.40&8,`= M*334=SN=.19-:.?*3+ +N&9:7&1.8=B.4).;*78.9>=C*39*7`=P_O_=B4==3/+1`=,-**=RA=L*.)*3`=T-*=N*9-*71&3)8======*18_'&&1'*7,*3 3&9:7&1.8_31`=7*38*_8N= *1Z=4789 3&9:7&1.8_31`=7*3&9*_-*1<*7)& 3&9:7&1.8_31`======2*334_8N=.19-:.?*3 3&9:7&1.8_31 ,U3.;*78.9>=4+=P&97&8`=,0/=*.=R.4=P&97&8`=G7**(*=8.348, :5&97&8_,7 A1'.3&7.&= .8= &= ,*3:8= 4+= 74(08)<*11.3,= (1&:8.1..)= 1&3)= 83&.18= <.9-= -.,-= (43(-414,.(&1= ).;*78.9>_=T-*=(&_=+**=85*(.*8=4((:5>=1&7,*1>=&1145&97.(=7&3,*8=9-74:,-4:9=G7**(*=&3)= T:70*>_=W*=-&;*=.3;*89.,&9*)=9-*=5488.'1*=741*=4+=57*)&9.43='>=9-*=)42.3&39=3&9:7&1= *3*2>`=1&7;&*=4+=9-*='**91*=,*3:8=D7.1:8`=.3=8-*11=*;41:9.43=.3=9.8=,*3:8_=I3=9-.8=5489*7=<*= 4:91.3*=9-*=).;*78.9>`=).897.':9.43`=&3)='*-&;.4:7=4+=D7.1:8_=W*=&184=574;.)*=57*1.2.3&7>= 7*8:198=43=57*)&9.4387*1&9*)=8*1*(9.43=57*88:7*8=43=8-*11=97&.98=.3=8*;*7&1=G7**0=A1'.3&7.&= 545:1&9.438_ ABSTRACTS +*+
T,_P++ VARANID=LIZARD=PREDATION=DRIVES=HABITAT8USE=AND=SHELL=SHAPE= SHIFTS=IN=THE=TROPICAL=ISLAND=LAND=SNAIL`=HELICOSTYLA=PORTEI= BRADYBAENIDAEa=HELICOSTYLINAE T, E22&3:*1=R>&3=)*=C-&;*?=+`,`=I&3=K*3)7.(-=F439&3.11&-`=S&948-.=C-.'&+ +G7&):&9*=S(-441=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=T4-40:=U3.;*78.9>`=S*3)&.=C.9>`=J&5&3=7&).=6:&) >&-44_(42`===== (-.'& '.414,>_94-40:_&(_/5 ,A3.2&1=B.414,>=D.;.8.43`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8=L48=B&48`= L&,:3&`=P-.1.55.3*8 -I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8=D.1.2&3`=Q:*?43=C.9>`=P-.1.55.3*8======.&3+439&3.11& -492&.1_(42= E;41:9.43= 4+= &39.857*)&947= &)&59&9.43`= <-.(-= (&3= 1*&)= 94= 85*(.&9.43`= ;&7.*8= +742= 2475-414,.(&1= 94= '*-&;.47&1= 24).Q=(&9.438_= I3= 9-.8= 89:)>`=<*= )*243897&9*)= -4<= 9-*= ;&7&3.)= 1.?&7)`= V&7&3:8= 41.;&(*:8`= &S=*(9*)= 9-*= *(42475-414,>= 4+= 9-*= .81&3)= *3)*2.(= 1&3)= 83&.1`= H*1.(489>1&= 5479*._= L&3)= 83&.18= <*7*= 8:7;*>*)= +742= P41.114= <.9-= 57*)&947= 1.?&7)`=&3)=P&93&3:3,&3=<.9-4:9=57*)&947=1.?&7)=I81&3)8=.3=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8_=S-*118= <*7*=&3&1>?*)=:8.3,=,*42*97.(=2475-42*97.(8='&8*)=43=+.=1&3)2&708`=<-.1*=-&'.9&98 :8*= <&8= ).8(7.2.3&9*)= '>= 9-*= 8.=.3,= 548.9.43= 43= 97**= 97:30`= 1*&;*8= 47= ;.3*8= 4+= 9-*= 83&.1_=T-*=7*1&9.438-.5=&243,=8-*11=2475-414,>`=-&'.9&98:8*=&3)=49-*7=*3;.7432*39&1= ;&7.&'1*8=.81&3)`=&19.9:)*`=97**=)*38.9>`=(&345>=(4;*7`=1*&+=1.=*7=)*59-=<*7*=9*89*)=:8.3,= ,*3*7&1.?*)=1.3*&7=2.=*)=24)*1_=L&3)=83&.18=43=9-*=.81&3)=<-*7*=57*)&947=.8=57*8*39= -&;*=1&7,*7=8-*11=8.?*=&3)=<.)*7='4)>=<-471=<.9-=3&774<*7=&5*79:7*_=M47*=83&.18=<*7*= +4:3)=43=1*&;*8`=+4114<*)='>=;.3*8=&3)=7&7*1>=43=97**=97:308_=L&3)=83&.18=43=9-*=.81&3)= <.9-4:9=9-*=1.?&7)=-&;*=247*=*=9*38.;*=8.?*=7&3,*=&3)=3&774<*7='4)>=<-471=':9=<.)*7= &5*79:7*_= H&'.9&98:8*= &243,= 83&.18= 8-.V=*)= .3= 9-*= &'8*3(*= 4+= 9-*= 57*)&947`= <-*7*.3= 97**= 97:30= '*(&2*= 9-*= 2489= 57*+*77*)`= +4114<*)= '>= 1*&;*8= &3)= ;.3*8_= T-.8= 8:,,*89*)= 9-&9= 57*)&9.43= .3):(*)= -&'.9&98:8*= ;&7.&9.43= 7*8:19.3,= .3= (-&3,*= .3= 8-*11= 8-&5*_= T-*= 8.,3.Q=(&39=7*1&9.438-.5='*9<**3=-&'.9&9=:9.1.?&9.43=&3)=8-*11=+472=.3).(&9*)=9-&9=H_=5479*.= *=548*)=94=57*)&947=8*1*(9.43=+&;47*)=(-&7&(9*78=247*=&)&59*)=94=8.9*8=.3&((*88.'1*=94= 9-*=1.?&7)`=<-*7*&8=.3=9-*=&'8*3(*=4+=9-*=57*)&947`=8-*118=8-4<*)=7*1&=*)=5-*349>5*= 247*= &)&59*)= 94= 97**= 97:30_= T-*= 1&(0= 4+= 7*1&9.438-.5= '*9<**3= -&'.9&98:8*= <.9-= 49-*7= *3;.7432*39&1= ;&7.&'1*8= +:79-*7= 8:55479*)= 9-*= ->549-*8.8_= O:7= 89:)>= 7*;*&1*)= 9-&9= 83&.18*&9.3,= ;&7&3.)= 1.?&7)8= (4:1)= )7.;*= 7&5.)= 2475-48*(414,.(&1= 51&89.(.9>= &243,= 9745.(&1=1&3)=83&.18_ +*, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T- MOLECULAR=PHYLOGENETICS=AND=PALEONTOLOGY S9*S=*3=K.*1+`=S:?&33*=W.11.&28, +G*47,8A:,:89=U3.;*78.9>=G=.3,*3`=G*48(.*3(*=C*39*7`=G*4'.414,>=G74:5`=G41)8(-2.)9897_=-`= T- -1*11=G=.3,*3`=G*72&3>=80.*1 :3.8,4*=.3,*3_)* ,L.+*=S(.*3(*8=)*5&792*39`=LS=A6:&9.(=I3;*79*'7&9*8=D.;.8.43`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=C742<*11=R4&)`= L43)43`=SW1=/BD`=UK=8_<.11.&28 3-2_&(_:0 T-*=*;41:9.43=4+=1.+*=-&8='**3=.39.2&9*1>=1.30*)=94=*3;.7432*39&1=(-&3,*8=9-74:,-4:9= E&79-8= -.8947>_= = C42'.3.3,= 241*(:1&7= &3)= 5&1*439414,.(&1= )&9&`= *85*(.&11>= 9-74:,-= 9-*= :8*= 4+= 9.2*8(&1.'7&9*)= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3.*8`= -&8= 7*(*391>= 45*3*)= ;&89= 3*<= 455479:3.9.*8=+47=*;41:9.43&7>='.414,.898=&3)=5&1*439414,.898=94=.3;*89.,&9*=9-*8*=1.308_== B:9=2:(-=7*2&.38=94='*=1*&73*)=&'4:9=-4<='*89=94=:8*=+488.18=.3=(&1.'7&9.438=&3)=-4<= 94=)*&1=<.9-=*=9.3(9=9&=&=&3)=(1&)*8`=94=3&2*=/:89=&=+*<=.88:*8_==T-.8=8>2548.:2=&.28=94= '7.3,=241*(:1&7='.414,.898=&3)=5&1*439414,.898=94,*9-*7=94=*=(-&3,*=9-*=1&9*89=7*8:198=&3)= 94=*3-&3(*=(422:3.(&9.43=43=2*9-4)414,.(&1=.88:*8=&3)=)*;*1452*398=43=6:*89.438= 9-&9=2&>=431>='*=&38<*7*)=<.9-=*&(-=49-*78=*=5*79.8*_==T-*=8>2548.:2=.8=349=7*897.(9*)= 94=<470=9-&9=*=51.(.91>=&))7*88=9-.8=.88:*`=':9=.8=&184=45*3=94=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(=&3)= 5&1*439414,.(&1=89:).*8=&))7*88.3,=*;41:9.43&7>=&3)=5->14,*3*9.(=6:*89.438_
T-_O+
FOSSILS=AND=PHYLOGENYa= COMPARING=PATTERNS=OF=EXTINCTION=AND=SPECIATION S.243=F_=K_=H.118+`=J&2*8=C7&25943,`=S9*;*=T7*<.(0+`=M&7>=M47,&38R.(-&7)8+ +E(414,>=G74:5`=I389.9:9*=4+=A,7.(:19:7*=&3)=E3;.7432*39`=M&88*>=U3.;*78.9>`=P7.;&9*=B&,= +++,,`=P&12*78943=N479-`=N*<=Z*&1&3)=8_+_-.118 2&88*>_&(_3?`=8_97*<.(0 2&88*>_&(_3?`======2_247,&387.(-&7)8 2&88*>_&(_3?= ,GNS=S(.*3(*`=P489=OT==(*=B4==-*-02`=L4<*7=H:==/*.*`=N*<=Z*&1&3)=&3) V.(947.&=U3.;*78.9>=4+=W*11.3,943`=P489=OT==(*=B4==0**`=W*11.3,943`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`= 9-.8= &55*&78= 94= '*= &9= 4))8= <.9-= 9-*= +488.1= 7*(47)`= .3= <-.(-= 247*= 9&=4342.(= ).;*78.9>= .8= 4'8*7;*)= 94= -&;*= 4((:77*)=.3=9-*=5&89_=T-.8=4'8*7;&9.43=1*&)8=94=9-*=6:*89.43a=94=<-&9=*=9*39=)4*8=9-*= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43=5&=*73=8**3=+47=9-*=1.;.3,=85*(.*8=7*R=*(9=9-*=-.8947>=4+=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=+47= 9-*= <-41*= (1&)*= U8.3,= 4:7= 9.2*8(&1.'7&9*)= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3>= &3)= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= 7&9*8= +47= N*<= Z*&1&3)= M411:8(&= (&1(:1&9*)= +742= 5&1*439414,.(&1= )&9&`= <*= *=&2.3*= ABSTRACTS +*-
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`= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= 4+= 9-*= T- 1.;.3,= 9&=&= .8= 349= 7*57*8*39&9.;*= 4+= 9-*= (4251*9*= *;41:9.43&7>= -.8947>= 4+= 9-*= 1.3*&,*_= A557457.&9*=24)*11.3,=:8.3,=9-*=5&1*439414,.(&1=)&9&=.8=-4<*;*7=8:T==(.*39=94=7*(4;*7=&= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43=574(*88=9-&9=(&3=,*3*7&9*=5->14,*3.*8=(438.89*39=<.9-=9-*=241*(:1&7=97**_
T-_O, INTO=THE=DEEPa=A=PHYLOGENETIC=APPROACH=TO=THE= BIVALVE=SUBCLASS=PROTOBRANCHIA P7&8-&39=P_=S-&72&+`=J4-3=D_=Z&7):8,`=W&7)=C_=W-**1*7-`=R43=J_=E=*7.`= G43?&14=G.7.'*9/ +A2*7.(&3=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=D.;.8.43=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=,**=C*397&1=P&70=W*89`======N*<=Y470`=NY=+**,.`=USA=58-&72& &23-_47, ,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=T-*=C.9&)*1`=+1+=M4:197.*=S97**9`=C-&71*8943`=SC=,3.*3`=USA======?&7):8/+ (.9&)*1_*):= -A2*7.(&3=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=D.;.8.43=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=,**=C*397&1=P&70=W*89`======N*<=Y470`=NY=+**,.`=USA=<-**1*7 &23-_47,= .B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M&88&(-:8*=8`=+**=M477.88*>=B4:1*;&7)`=B48943`=MA=*,+,/`=USA= 743_*=*7 :2'_*):= /M:8*:2=4+=C425&7&9.;*=Z4414,>=]=D*5&792*39=4+=O7,&3.82.(=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=H&7;&7)= U3.;*78.9>`=,0=O=+47)=S97**9`=C&2'7.),*`=MA=*,+-2`=USA=,,.7.'*9 4*'_-&7;&7)_*):= A= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3>= 4+= P7494'7&3(-.&`= 9-*= 8:'(1&88= 4+= '.;&1;*= 2411:808= 8.89*7= 94= 9-*= 7*2&.3.3,= B.;&1;.&`= -&8= 143,= 574;*3= *1:8.;*`= 4<.3,= 94= 9-*= )**588*&= -&'.9&98= 4+= 2&3>= (4389.9:*39= 1.3*&,*8= &3)= *38:.3,= 2*9-4)414,.(&1= (-&11*3,*8= +47= 57*8*7;.3,= ,*3*9.(= 2&9*7.&1_= AV=*7= 3:2*74:8= (411*(9.3,= (&25&.,38`= <*= 4'9&.3*)= 7*57*8*39&9.;*8= 4+= &11= *=9&39= 57494'7&3(-= +&2.1.*8= &3)= .3;*89.,&9*)= 9-*= .39*73&1= 5->14,*3>= 4+= 9-.8= ,74:5`=:8.3,=8*6:*3(*=)&9&=+742=Q=;*=241*(:1&7=14(.=+0S=7RNA`=+2S=7RNA`=,2S=7RNA`= (>94(-742*=(=4=.)&8*=8:':3.9=I`=&3)=-.8943*=H-_=M4)*18'&8*)=&3)=)>3&2.(=-42414,>= 5&78.243>= &5574&(-*8= 94= 5->14,*3*9.(= 7*(43897:(9.43= :3&3.24:81>= 8:55479*)= +4:7= 2&/47= (1&)*8= 4+= P7494'7&3(-.&`= .77*85*(9.;*= 4+= 97*&92*39= 4+= ->5*7;&7.&'1*= 7*,.438= .3= 9-*=3:(1*&7=7.'4842&1=,*3*8=+2S=7RNA=&3)=,2S=7RNA_=T-*8*=+4:7=(1&)*8=(477*8543)= 94= 9-*= 8:5*7+&2.1.*8= N:(:14.)*&= *=(1:).3,= S&7*59.)&*`= N:(:1&34.)*&= .3(1:).3,= S&7*59.)&*`=S41*2>4.)*&`=&3)=M&3?&3*114.)*&_=S&1.*39=&85*(98=4+=9-*=5->14,*3>=.3(1:)*= +=8:55479=+47=9-*=51&(*2*39=4+=9-*=+&2.1>=S&7*59.)&*=<.9-.3=47=8.89*7=94=N:(:1&34.)*&b= ,= 9-*= 343824345->1>= 4+= 9-*= 47)*7= S41*2>.)&= S41*2>4.)*&= (= M&3?&3*114.)*&b= -= &3)=9-*=343824345->1>=4+=2489=3:(:14.)*&3=&3)=3:(:1&34.)*&3=,*3*7&=&3)=+&2.1.*8_= W*=&184=7*8*=&2.3*)=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)=4+=P7494'7&3(-.&=&3)=.3+*77*)=(1&)*=).;*7,*3(*= 9.2*8=:8.3,=8.2:19&3*4:8=*89.2&9.43=4+=97**=945414,>=&3)=34)*=&,*8_=T-*=(-7434,7&2= 4+= P7494'7&3(-.&`= .3= (43(*79= <.9-= &3&1>8*8= 4+= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= 7&9*8`= )*243897&9*8= 9-*= 8.,3&9:7*=4+=9-*=*3)8P*72.&3=2&88=*=9.3(9.43=.3=9-*=5->14,*3>=4+=*=9&39=57494'7&3(-8`= 2&3.+*89*)= &8= &3= &39.88.,24.)&1= 3*9= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= (:7;*`= <.9-= 2&70*)= :59:73= .3= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43=8:'8*6:*39=94=(&_=,0*=M&_ +*. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T-_O- THE=PHYLOGENY=AND=SYSTEMATICS=OF=THE=NASSARIIDAE=REVISITED= GASTROPODA`=BUCCINOIDEA L**=A33=G&1.3)4+`=N.(41&8=P:.11&3)7*+`=P-.1.55*=B4:(-*9, T- +M:8S:2=3&9.43&1=)H.894.7*=3&9:7*11*`=DS5&79*2*39=S>89S2&9.6:*=*9=E;41:9.43`=.-=7:*=C:;.*7`=1/**/= P&7.8`=F7&3(*=,&1.3)4 23-3_+7`=5:.11&3)7* 23-3_+7= ,M:8S:2=3&9.43&1=)H.894.7*=3&9:7*11*`=DS5&79*2*39=S>89S2&9.6:*=*9=E;41:9.43`=//=7:*=B:S=43`=1/**/= P&7.8`=F7&3(*=5'4:(-*9 23-3_+7= N&88&7..)&*=&7*=&=,74:5=4+=8(&;*3,*78=9-&9=&7*=).;*78.Q=*)=43=84V=='4=428=&8=<*11=&8=43= 74(0>=8-47*8`=&3)=&7*=9-*=8:'/*(9=4+=3:2*74:8=7*8*&7(-=5&5*78=.3=*(414,>`=*(494=.(414,>`= 5&1*439414,>= &3)= 43*= 85*(.*8= .8= *;*3= &= 24)*1= 47,&3.82= .3= '.414,>_= A= <*&0= &3)247= &55&7*391>=(439.3:4:8=;&7.&9.43=.3=8-*11=(-&7&(9*78=-&8=7*8:19*)=.3=&=(43+:8*)=9&=4342>`= <.9-=(4251*==8>343>2>=1.898_=O;*7=+`-,*=342.3&1=R*(*39=85*(.*8=-&;*='**3=*89&'1.8-*)`= 4+=<-.(-=.,*=&7*=7*,&7)*)=&8=;&1.)_=A'4;*=85*(.*8=1*;*1`=9-*=89&9*=4+=9-*=&79=.8=*6:&11>=-&?>`= <.9-=+4:7=8:'+&2.1.*8=&3)=8*;*3=,*3*7&=(:77*391>=(438.)*7*)=;&1.)`=&3)=2&3>=49-*7=3&2*8= .3=9-*=,7&;*>&7)=4+=8>343>2>_=T<4=,14'&1=5->14,*3.*8=:=.3(1:).3,=+488.18=8=-&;*='**3='&8*)= 43=8-*11=2475-414,>`=&3)=&=8.3,1*=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3>=.8='&8*)=43=+*<*7=9-&3=,*=85*(.*8_= W*=-&;*=(43):(9*)=&=241*(:1&7=&3&1>8.8='&8*)=43=9-7**=-=2.94(-43)7.&1=COI`=+0S`=+,S= &3)=9<4=3:(1*&7=,2S`=H-=2&70*78_=O:7=)&9&8*9=.3(1:)*8=,+/=5:9&9.;*=3&88&7..)=85*(.*8`= (4257.8.3,=0=4+=9-*=1=,*3*7&=(438.)*7*)=;&1.)`=&3)=,.=342.3&1=,*3*7&=&7*=7*57*8*39*)='>= 9-*.7=9>5*=85*(.*8_=T-*=24345->1>=4+=9-*=N&88&7..)&*=&8=(1&88.(&11>=(43897:*)=.8=(43Q=72*)`= &3)=&=57*;.4:8=->549-*8.8=9-&9=.3(1:)*)=P-48=&3)=N&88&7.&=.3=9-*=+&2.1>=.8=7*/*(9*)_=W.9-.3= 9-*=N&88&7..3&*`=9-*=97**=:3*=5*(9*)1>=)*243897&9*8=9-&9=85*(.*8=+742=9-*=A91&39.(=&3)=9-*= I3)48P&(.Q=(=+472=9<4=(1&)*8`=&3)=9-:8=7*57*8*39=9<4=.3)*5*3)*39=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=*;*398_= T-.8=7*8:19=<.11=-&;*=&=574+4:3)=.25&(9=43=3&88&7..)=9&=4342>`=*85*(.&11>=<.9-=7*,&7)=94= 9-*=;&1.).9>=4+=,*3:881*;*1=3&2*8_=A)).9.43&11>`=<*=-&;*=).8(148*)=&=3:2'*7=4+=85*(.*8= (4251*=*8`=&3)=2&3>=(7>59.(=85*(.*8=7*2&.3=94='*=).8(4;*7*)=&3)=)*8(7.'*)=.3=9-*=+&2.1>_
T-_O. BEYOND=RELATIONSHIPSa=MINING=EVOLUTIONARY=HISTORY=FROM=THE= MARINE=GASTROPOD=FOSSIL=RECORD C&741*=S_=H.(02&3 D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=B.414,>=&3)=M:8*:2=4+=P&1*439414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&`=B*70*1*>`= CA=3.1,*:-+.*`=USA=(&741*- '*70*1*>_*): T-*= ,&897454)= 8-*11= .8= &= +:3*4:8= '.4.347,&3.(= 897:(9:7*`= 7*(47).3,= &= '74&)= 7&3,*= 4+= -.8947.(&1= .3+472&9.43_= B.414,.(&1`= 5->8.(&1`= &3)= (-*2.(&1= 7*(47)8= *3(4)*)= .3= 8-*118= 5*78.89=9-74:,-=2.11.438=4+=>*&78=.3=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)_=T-*>=574;.)*=&=247*=(4251*9*= *;41:9.43&7>=-.8947>=&3)=7.(-*7=85*(97:2=4+=*3;.7432*39&1=)&9&=9-&3=(&3='*=.3+*77*)= +742= 9-*= 241*(:1&7= 8*6:*3(*8= 4+= 1.;.3,= 9&=&= &3)= 9-*.7= *=9&39= 4:9,74:58_= T-.8= .8= *85*(.&11>= .25479&39= 94= 9-*= *;41:9.43&7>= :3)*789&3).3,= 4+= 9&=&= <.9-= *&71>= 47.,.38`= 143,= ,*414,.(= 7&3,*8`= &3)= &= ->5*7).;*78.9>= 4+= *=9.3(9= 9&=&_= I9= .8= &184= .25479&39= 94= :3)*789&3).3,= 5-*342*3&= 8:(-= 8-.V=8= .3= *(414,>= &3)= '.4,*4,7&5-.(= ).897.':9.43`= 2.,7&9.43= &3)= .3;&8.43`= &3)= 7*85438*8= 94= 2&88= *=9.3(9.43= &3)= (1.2&9*= (-&3,*_= T<4= 5&1*439414,.(&1=*=&251*8=4+=*37.(-*)=*;41:9.43&7>=:3)*789&3).3,=&7*=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)= 4+=2.(748;*9.,&897454)8=4+=2475-414,.(&11>=8.2.1&7=85*(.*8=4+=L.49*11&=I7*)&1*`=+3+/=&3)= ABSTRACTS +*/
B7440:1&=I7*)&1*`=+3+,=&3)=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)=4+=)**588*&=1.3*&,*8=.3=9-*=;*9.,&897454)= +&2.1>=C41143..)&*=C4882&33`=+3+0_= T-*=Q=789=*=&251*=.8=7*2&70&'1*='*(&:8*=+488.1=8-*118=9>5.(&11>=&7*='*=*7=57*8*7;*)=9-&3= 9-*=8-*118=4+=*=9&39=85*(.*8=.3=2:8*:2=(411*(9.438=&3)='*(&:8*=9-*7*=.8=&7*=34=5:'1.8-*)= 241*(:1&7= 8*6:*3(*= )&9&`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`=.9=.8=9&5-4342.(=-.8947>=&3)=5*(:1.&7=9&5-4+&(.*8=9-&9=574;.)*= 85*(.&1=455479:3.9.*8=+47=5&1*439414,.898=&3)=*;41:9.43&7>='.414,.898=94=/4.3=+47(*8=94='7.3,= 9-*=2&=.2:2=&24:39=4+=)&9&=94='*&7=43=*;41:9.43&7>=6:*89.438_
T-_O/ CONSENSUS=AND=CONFUSION=IN=MOLLUSCAN=PHYLOGENY J:1.&=S.,<&79+`,`=D&;.)=R_=L.3)'*7,- +Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=M&7.3*=L&'47&947>`=+,8+-=T-*=S97&3)`=P479&+*77>`=C4_=D4<3`= BT,,=+PF=N479-*73=I7*1&3)=/_8.,<&79 6:'_&(_:0= ,Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=L.8':73=R4&)`=B*1+&89`=BT3=1BE======N479-*73=I7*1&3) -D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=B.414,>`=M:8*:2=4+=P&1*439414,>`=]=C*39*7=+47=C425:9&9.43&1=B.414,>`= U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&=B*70*1*>`=+**/=V&11*>=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,`=B*70*1*>`=CA=3.1,*8-+.*======)71 '*70*1*>_*):= M4345->1>=4+=9-*=*.,-9=R*(*39=2411:8(&3=(1&88*8=.8=:3).85:9*)`=':9=7*1&9.438-.58='*9<**3= 9-*8*= ,74:58= &3)= 5&=*738= 4+= 7&).&9.43= -&;*= 7*2&.3*)= *1:8.;*_= = M41*(:1&7`= +488.1= &3)= &3&942.(&1=)&9&=8-4<=&55&7*391>=(4397&).(947>=*;.)*3(*=+47='7&3(-.3,=5&=*738=<.9-.3= M411:8(&_= A7,:2*398= &'4:9= 97&).9.43&1= 2475-414,.(&1= 5->14,*3>= +4(:8= 43= &= 82&11= 3:2'*7=4+=945414,.(&1=(43(*598=':9=4V=*3=<.9-4:9=7*,&7)=94=574=.2.9>=4+=5&79.(:1&7=(1&88*8_== I3=(4397&89`=241*(:1&7=89:).*8=-&;*=574548*)=&=3:2'*7=4+=7&).(&11>=).S=*7*39`=.3-*7*391>= (4397&).(947>`=&3)=(43974;*78.&1=8.89*787*1&9.438-.58_=T-*=97&).9.43&1=7*):(9.43.89=24)*1=4+= 9-*= ->549-*9.(&1=2411:8(&3=&3(*8947=-&8=-&25*7*)=9-*=7*841:9.43=4+=2411:8(&3=945414,>b= 842*=->549-*8*8=7*/*(9*)=&8=&79.+&(98=*_,_`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`=431>=+4:7=89:).*8=94=)&9*=-&;*=.3(1:)*)=9-*=)**588*&=(1&88=M43451&(45-47&b= ':9=247*=9-&3=&=9-.7)=4+=&11=97**8=)4=349=8.,3.Q=(&391>=).S=*7=+742=*&(-=49-*7_=T-*=.39*7834)&1= ).89&3(*=.8=(438.89*391>=(148*='*9<**3=&=+*<=9&=43=5&.78`=5&79.(:1&71>=9-*=M43451&(45-47&= &3)=9-*=(-.9438`=P41>51&(45-47&_=O9-*78=-&;*=7&7*=47=3438*=.89*39=4((:77*3(*=4+=574=.2&9*= 51&(*2*39`=8:(-=&8=9-*=;*72.+472=C&:)4+4;*&9&=&3)=B.;&1;.&_=W*=&184=)*7.;*=2475-414,.(&1= &3)=241*(:1&7=8:5*797**8=+742=&11=&;&.1&'1*=2411:8(&3=5->14,*3.*8`=<-.(-=(&3=8*7;*=&8=&= '&8.8=+47=+:9:7*=->549-*8.8=9*89.3,_ +*0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T-_O0 PATTERNS=AND=PROCESSES=OF=SPECIATION=IN=THE=BALEARIC=ISLANDS= ENDEMIC=LAND=SNAIL=GENUS=ALLOGNATHUS L:.8=J_=C-:*(&+`=J48*5=Q:.39&3&,`=M =J48S=M&)*.7&+`=B*3/&2c3=J_=G2*?8M41.3*7+ T- +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>=&3)=A3.2&1=C*11=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=B&86:*=C4:397>=UPV2EHU`=P&8*4=)*= 1&=U3.;*78.)&)=1`=*+**0=V.947.&8G&89*.?`=S5&.3=1:.8/&;.*7_(-:*(& *-:_*8`=2&7.&/48*_2&)*.7& *-:_*8`= '*3/&2.3_,42*? *-:_*8 ,I389.9:9=C&9&1&=)*=P&1*439414,.&=M.6:*1=C7:8&+439`=U3.;*78.)&)=A:94342&=)*=B&7(*143&`=*2+3-= B*11&9*77&`=B&7(*143&`=S5&.3=5.(4,:*;4 -492&.1_(42 T-*=,*3:8=A114,3&9-:8=P.18'7>`=+222=G&897454)&a=H*1.(4.)*&`=.8=*3)*2.(=94=9-*=B&1*&7.(= I81&3)8_=I9=.8=57*8*39=.3=&11=9-*=2&.3=.81&3)8=4+=9-*=&7(-.5*1&,4`=M&/47(&`=M.347(&`=I'.?&=&3)= F472*39*7&`=&3)=&184=.3=842*=82&11=.81*98_=T-*=,*3:8=(439&.38=9<4=8:',*3*7&=A114,3&9-:8= 8_=897=&3)=I'*7*11:8_ T-*=8:',*3:8=A114,3&9-:8=.8=24349>5.(`=<-.1*=1=9&=&=&7*=(438.)*7*)=<.9-.3=I'*7*11:8=.3=9-*= CLECOM=(1&88.Q=(&9.43_=D.S=*7*3(*8=4+=I'*7*11:8=9&=&=&7*='&8*)=24891>=43=8-*11=2475-414,>= &3)= ,*4,7&5-.(= ).897.':9.43_= T-*7*= &7*= 349= ).&,3489.(= ).S=*7*3(*8= .3= 9-*= 7*574):(9.;*= &55&7&9:8_=D:*=94=.98=*3)*2.(.9>=&3)=.98=).897.':9.43=.3=9-*=).S=*7*39=.81&3)8`=.9=.8=&=,74:5=4+= -.,-=.39*7*89='49-`=.3=9*728=4+=*;41:9.43=&3)='.4,*4,7&5->_ F47=9-.8=89:)>`=842*=545:1&9.438='*143,.3,=94=&11=9&=&=(438.)*7*)=<.9-.3=9-*=,*3:8=<*7*= 89:).*)='>=2*&38=4+=DNA=8*6:*3(.&9.43`=9<4=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*3*8=COI=&3)=+0S=7RNA=&3)= 9<4=3:(1*&7=,*3*=+7&,2*398=ITS,=&3)=,2S=7RNA_=T-*=&3&1>8.8=4+=9-*=+4:78(43(&9*3&9*)= DNA=,*3*=+7&,2*398=7*(4;*7*)=9-*=24345->1>=4+=A114,3&9-:8=,7&9*14:5._=A8=2&3>=&8=8.== -&514,74:58=<*7*=4'9&.3*)=<.9-.3=A114,3&9-:8=I'*7*11:8_=H4<*;*7`=9-*=9&=4342.(=;&1.).9>= 4+= 9-*= 8.== 1.3*&,*8= <.11= '*= ).8(:88*)= 43= 9-*= '&8.8= 4+= 9-*= 2475-414,.(&1`= '.414,.(&1= &3)= 5->14,*3*9.(=85*(.*8=(43(*598_=A_=I_=-.85&3.(:8=-47&)&)&*=&3)=A_=I_=-.85&3.(:8=5&1:2'&7.&*= <*7*=349=8*5&7&9*)=1.3*&,*8_=W*=&184=&3&1>?*)=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+=9-*=,*3:8=&3)=).8(:88*)= &'4:9= 9-*= 47.,.3= 4+= 85*(.*8= <.9-.3= 9-*= &7(-.5*1&,4`= (4397&89.3,= ;.(&7.&39= &3)= ).85*78&1= 574(*88*8=&8=&=2*&38=4+=*=51&.3.3,=9-*.7=(:77*39=5&=*738=4+=).897.':9.43_=W*=(438.)*7*)= 8*;*7&1=5488.'1*=8(*3&7.48='&8*)=43=9-*=2489=7*1*;&39=5&1*4,*4,7&5-.(=*;*398=4((:77*)=.3= <*89*73=M*).9*77&3*&3`=8.3(*=9-*=O1.,4(*3*=-*=M.11.43=Y*&78=A,4a=.=+7&,2*39&9.43=&3)= )7.V==4+=9-*=H*7(>3.&3='*19`=..=1&3)'7.),*=(433*(9.43='*9<**3=9-*=I'*7.&3=P*3.38:1&=&3)=9-*= B&1*&7.(=.81&3)8=):7.3,=9-*=L&3,-.&38S*77&;&11.&3`=...=9-*=M*88.3.&3=S&1.3.9>=C7.8.8`=&3)=.;= 8*&=1*;*1=R=:(9:&9.438=4((:77*)=):7.3,=9-*=P1.48P1*.894(*3*_
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9-.8= ,7*&9= ).;*78.9>`= 1.=1*= 9&=4342.(= 7*8*&7(-= -&8= '**3= )43*= 43= 9-*= P-.1.55.3*= 85*(.*8_= T-*=8-*11=2475-414,>=4+=9-*='7&)>'&*3.)8=7*8*2'1*8=9-&9=4+=49-*7=+&2.1.*8=8:(-=&8=9-*= H*1.(.)&*=&3)=C&2&*3.)&*_=P7*;.4:8=241*(:1&7=7*8*&7(-=43=9-*8*=,74:58=8:,,*898=9-&9= 9-*=B7&)>'&*3.)&*=&3)=9-*=C&2&*3.)&*=&7*=3*89*)=94,*9-*7_=T-.8=89:)>=.8=9-*=Q=789=1&7,*8 8(&1*=&=*259=94=.3(1:)*=P-.1.55.3*=85*(.*8=94=9*89=9-*=24345->1>=43=9-*=B7&)>'&*3.)&*= '&8*)=43=9-7**=,*3*8;9-*=3:(1*&7=7.'4842&1=7=RNA=,*3*=(1:89*7`=&3)=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1= T- (>94(-742*=(=4=.)&8*=8:':3.9=I=CO+=&3)=9-*=+0S=7RNA=,*3*8_=A=949&1=4+=-*=85*(.*8=<*7*= (411*(9*)=+742=,*=).S=*7*39=8.9*8=&11=4;*7=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8_=O+=9-*=-*`=,3=85*(.*8=&7*=3&9.;*= 94= 9-*= P-.1.55.3*8`= <-.1*= 43*= 85*(.*8= B7&)>'&*3&= 8.2.1&7.8= .8= .3974):(*)_= O+= 9-*= ,3`= ++= 85*(.*8=&7*=*3)*2.(=94=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8_=T-*=5->14,*3*9.(=&3&1>8*8`='&8*)=43=*&(-=4+=9-*= 9-7**=,*3*8=&3)=9-*.7=(42'.3&9.43`=<*7*=(438.89*391>=3*89.3,=9-*=B7&)>'&*3.)&*=<.9-.3= 9-*=C&2&*3.)&*_=F:79-*7247*`=9-*=24345->1>=4+=9-*=P-.1.55.3*=3&9.;*=85*(.*8=&11=:3)*7= 8:'+&2.1>=H*1.(489>1.3&*=<&8=-.,-1>=8:55479*)='&8*)=43=9-*=3:(1*&7=7RNA=,*3*=(1:89*7_= T-.8=89:)>=8:554798=9-*=(1&.2=9-&9=9-*=B7&)>'&*3.)&*=&3)=C&2&*3.)&*=&7*=(43+&2.1.&1_=I9= .8=9-:8=7*(422*3)*)=9-&9='49-=+&2.1.*8='*=R=&,,*)=+47=9&=4342.(=7*;.8.43`=&3)=1:25*)= .394=&=8.3,1*=+&2.1>_
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T-_O+* LOST=AND=FOUNDa=THE=EOCENE=FAMILY=PYRAMIMITRIDAE= NEOGASTROPODA=DISCOVERED=IN=THE=RECENT=FAUNA= OF=THE=INDO8PACIFIC Y:7.=K&3947+`=P.*77*=L4?4:*9,`=N.(41&8=P:.11&3)7*,`=P-.1.55*=B4:(-*9, +A_N_S*;*79?4;=I389.9:9*=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43`=R:88.&3=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8`=L*3.380.=57485_=--`= M48(4<=++3*1+`=R:88.&=0&3947_>:7.+3/0 ,2&.1_(42 ,M:8S:2=N&9.43&1=)H.894.7*=N&9:7*11*`=//`=R:*=B:S=43`=1/,-+=P&7.8`=F7&3(*=14?4:*9 23-3_+7`= 5:.11&3)7* 23-3_+7`=5'4:(-*9 23-3_+7 T-*=*;41:9.43&7>=-.8947>=4+=9-*=57*)&947>28(&;*3,*7=N*4,&897454)&=.8=&=(1&88.(=*=&251*= 4+=&=8:((*88+:1`=5489=C7*9&(*4:8=7&).&9.43=4+=2&7.3*=83&.18_=M489=3*4,&897454)=+&2.1.*8= ABSTRACTS +*3
-&;*=&=(439.3:4:8=7*(47)=+742=9-*=C7*9&(*4:8=47=P&1*4,*3*=94=9-*=R*(*39_=H4<*;*7`= 9-*= +488.1= 7*(47)= &184= (439&.38= &= 3:2'*7= 4+= 4'8(:7*= 342.3&1= +&2.1.*8= <.9-= :3:8:&1= 8-*11= (-&7&(9*78= 9-&9= &7*= 349= &)*6:&9*1>= 51&(*)= .3= 9-*= (:77*39= (1&88.Q=(&9.43_= S42*= 4+= 9-*8*=&7*=97&).9.43&11>=7*,&7)*)=&8=;&1.)`=&3)=842*=-&;*='**3=1489=.3=8>343>2>=:=+47= ,44)=47=+47=<*&0=7*&8438_=O3*=8:(-=1489=+&2.1>=.8=9-*=P>7&2.2.97.)&*`=*89&'1.8-*)= '>=C4882&33=.3=+3*+=+47=9-*=E4(*3*=,*3:8= P>7&2.2.97&`=&3)=(:77*391>=':7.*)=.3=9-*= T- 8>343>2>= 4+= B:((.3.)&*_=A8= 5&79= 4+= 4:7= 74:9.3*= <470= 43= )**58<&9*7= 2411:8(8= +742= 9-*= 9745.(&1= I3)48W*89= P&(.Q=(`= <*= *=&2.3*)= 8*;*7&1= 85*(.*8= 4+= .3(4385.(:4:8`= 82&11= 9:77.+472=,&897454)8=9-&9=7*;*&1*)=&=:3.6:*=7&):1&=84=+&7=:3034<3=.3=N*4,&897454)&_= A19-4:,-= 43*= 4+= 9-*= R*(*39= 85*(.*8= -&)= 57*;.4:81>= '**3= )*8(7.'*)= &8= &3= &'*77&39= 85*(.*8= 4+= T*7*'7.)&*`= 4;*7&11= 9-*= 8-*11= (-&7&(9*78= .)*39.+>= 9-*2= &8= 2*2'*78= 4+= 9-*= *=9.3(9= +&2.1>= P>7&2.2.97.)&*_= M41*(:1&7= )&9&= +,S`= +0S`= ,2S`= COI= (43Q=72= 9-*= 7*(4,3.9.43= 4+= P>7&2.2.97.)&*= &8= &= ).89.3(9= +&2.1>`= &19-4:,-= 34= 8.89*7= ,74:5= <&8= .)*39.Q=*)=.3=9-*=&3&1>8.8_=L.0*<.8*`=3*.9-*7=9-*=7&):1&7=2475-414,>`=347=9-*=&3&942>= 7*;*&1=9-*=7*1&9.438-.58=4+=9-.8=*3.,2&9.(`=1.;.3,=+488.1=+&2.1>_=P>7&2.2.97.)8=4((:7=.3= 9-*=R*(*39=+&:3&=&9='&9->&1=)*59-8=4+=9-*=I3)48P&(.Q=(=+742=T&.<&3=94=M&)&,&8(&7=&3)= N*<=Z*&1&3)`=<.9-=9-7**=,*3*7&=&3)=3.3*=85*(.*8=&11=3*<=*=(*59=43*_
T-_O++ PHYLOGENY=OF=VENERID=BIVALVES`=AS=INFERRED=FROM=A=COMBINED= ANALYSIS=OF=MOLECULAR=AND=MORPHOLOGICAL=DATA A3)7S=F_=S&7947.+`=P&=:1&=M_=M.00*18*3,`=R&+&*1=R4'1*8-`=N.(0=M&9?0*.`=R3).,*7=B.*1*7+`= D&;.)=I_=J&'14380./`=S(4==J_=S9*55&3-= +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>=I3;*79*'7&9*8`=F.*1)=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=C-.(&,4`=I11.34.8=0*0*/`=USA= &3)7*+8&7947. ,&9*88(-41&7_47,`=7'.*1*7 Q=*1)2:8*:2_47,= ,P&1*439414,.(&1=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9.43`=&3)=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=]=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`= C473*11=U3.;*78.9>`=I9-&(&`=N*<=Y470=+.2/*`=USA=522-1 (473*11_*):= -D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*`=F147.)&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=T&11&-&88**`=F147.)&=-,-*08.,3/`=USA= 74'1*87&+&*17 ,2&.1_(42`=89*55&3 '.4_+8:_*):= .D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&`=B*70*1*>`=C&1.+473.&=3.1,*8-+.*`=USA= 2&9?0* '*70*1*>_*):= /D*5&792*39=4+=9-*=G*45->8.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C-.(&,4`=C-.(&,4`=I11.34.8=0*0-1`=USA======)/&'1438 :(-.(&,4_*): R*57*8*39*)='>=&5574=.2&9*1>=2**=R*(*39=85*(.*8`=V*3*7.)&*=.8=9-*=1&7,*89=+&2.1>=4+= '.;&1;*8=&3)=43*=4+=9-*=2489=.25479&39=*(414,.(&11>=&3)=*(4342.(&11>_=N*;*79-*1*88`= ;*3*7.)= 8>89*2&9.(8= .8= 54471>= :3)*78944)`= <.9-= 5:'1.8-*)= (1&88.Q=(&9.438= ).S=*7.3,= <.)*1>=.3=9-*.7=(43(*59=&3)='4:3)&7.*8='*9<**3=85*(.*8`=,*3*7&`=&3)=8:'+&2.1.*8_=I3= 7*(*39=>*&78`=2475-414,.(&1=&3)=241*(:1&7=.3+*7*3(*8=4+=;*3*7.)=5->14,*3>=-&;*=1*)= 94=574,7*88=.3=4:7=:3)*789&3).3,=4+=9-*=-.,-*781*;*1=7*1&9.438-.58`=5&79.(:1&71>=4+=9-*= (42548.9.43=&3)=7*1&9.438-.58=4+=8:'+&2.1.*8_=H4<*;*7`=343*=4+=9-*=57*;.4:8=89:).*8= :8*)=(42'.3*)=241*(:1&7=&3)=2475-414,.(&1=)&9&=8*98`=347=).)=9-*>=&=*259=94=.39*,7&9*= 9-*=7.(-=+488.1=7*(47)=4+=;*3*7.)8=.394=9-*.7=&3&1>8*8_= W.9-=9-*=&.2=4+=*=5147.3,='.4,*4,7&5-.(`=897&9.,7&5-.(`=&3)=2*9-4)414,.(&1=6:*89.438`= 4:7=2:19.).8(.51.3&7>=9*&2=-&8=&88*2'1*)=9-*=1&7,*89=;*3*7.)=)&9&8*98=94=)&9*`=(4257.8.3,= 8(47.3,8=+47=1+=).8(7*9*=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78=+742=*=9&39=&3)=+488.1=7*57*8*39&9.;*8`= &8=<*11=&8=8*6:*3(*8=+47=9-7**=3:(1*&7=H-`=,2S`=+2S=&3)=9<4=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*3*8=+0S`= COI_= P7*1.2.3&7>= &3&1>8*8= 4+= 4:7= )&9&8*9= .3).(&9*= 8:55479= +47= T&5*9.3&*`=D48.3.3&*`= ++* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
G*22.3&*`=&3)=G4:1).3&*`=<.9-=842*=5488.'1*=4:91.*78_=R*57*8*39&9.;*8=4+=C-.43.3&*= &7*=7*(4;*7*)=.3=&=2.=*)=(1&)*=<.9-=V*3*7.3&*=431>`=349=D48.3..3&*=&8=8:,,*89*)='>= 57*;.4:8=89:).*8_=R*1&9.438-.58=4+=M*7*97.(.3&*`=C&11.89.3&*`=P.9&7.3&*`=&3)=S:3*=.3&*= &7*= 574'1*2&9.(`= <.9-= &= 1&7,*7= 2.82&9(-= '*9<**3= 97**8= &3)= 57*;&1*39= 9&=4342.(= (1&88.Q=(&9.438_= O:7= 7*8:198= &184= (43Q=72= 9-&9= T:7943..3&*= &3)= P*97.(41.3&*= &7*= 3*89*)= T- <.9-.3=V*3*7.)&*`=&3)=9-:8=)4=349=7*57*8*39=8*5&7&9*=+&2.1.*8_=D*38*=8&251.3,=<.9-.3= 842*= ,*3*7.(= :3.98= &114<*)= :8= 94= 9*89= 9-*= ;&1.).9>= 4+= 842*= 143,8)*'&9*)= 85*(.*8= &3)= 8:',*3*7&`=9-:8=574;.).3,=9-*=89&79.3,=54.39=+47=&=2:(-83**)*)=7*;.8.43=4+=9-*8*=,74:58_
T-_O+, CENOZOIC=CLIMATE=CHANGE`=TECTONICS=AND=DIVERSIFICATION= IN=THE=DEEP8SEAa=EVOLUTION=OF=DIVERSITY=IN=THE=GASTROPOD= FAMILY=SOLARIELLIDAE=TROCHOIDEA= S_=T_=W.11.&28+`=L_=M_=S2.9-+`=D_=G_=H*7'*79,`=B_=A_=M&78-&11-`=A_=W&7S3.`=S_=K.*1/`= P_=D>&1+`=K_=L.38*0`=C_=V.1;*381`=Y_=K&342= +=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=C742<*11=R4&)`=L43)43`=SW1=/BD`=UK=8_<.11.&28 3-2_&(_:0`======1_82.9- 3-2_&(_:0`=5_)>&1 3-2_&(_:0 ,=K<&Z:1:8N&9&1=M:8*:2`=P_=B&,=3*1*`=P.*9*72&7.9?':7,`=-,**`=S4:9-=A+7.(&=&3)=S(-441=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`= U3.;*78.9>=4+=K<&Z:1:8N&9&1`=P.*9*72&7.9?':7,`=-,*0`=S4:9-=A+7.(&=)-*7'*79 328&_47,_?&= -=M:8*:2=4+=N*<=Z*&1&3)=T*=P&5&=T43,&7*<&`=P489=OT==(*=B4==.01`=W*11.3,943`=N*<=Z*&1&3)======'7:(*_2&78-&11 9*5&5&_,4;9_3? .=S<*).8-=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B4==/***1`=SE8+*.*/=S94(0-412`=S<*)*3=&3)*78_<&7*3 372_8*= /=G*47,8A:,:89=U3.;*78.9C9=G=.3,*3`=G*4<.88*38(-&V=1.(-*8=Z*397:2`=A'9*.1:3,=G*4'.414,.*= &3)=C4:7&39=R*8*&7(-=C*39*7=G*4'.414,>`=G41)8(-2.)9897_=-`=-1*11=G=.3,*3`=G*72&3>======80.*1 :3.8,4*=.3,*3_)* 0=B7.9.8-=A39&7(9.(=S:7;*>`=H.,-=C7488`=M&).3,1*>=R4&)`=C&2'7.),*`=CB-=*ET`=UK=01 '&8_&(_:0 1=S(.*39.Q=(=C411&'47&947`=M:8S:2=3&9.43&1=)H.894.7*=3&9:7*11*`=R:*=B:S=43=//`=1/,-+=P&7.8=C*)*==*/`= F7&3(*=(1&:)*_;.1;*38 -*51_'*= 2=D*5&792*39=4+=M&7.3*=E(48>89*28=D>3&2.(8`=A92485-*7*=&3)=O(*&3=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=T-*=U3.;*78.9>= 4+=T40>4`=/8+8/=K&8-.<&34-&`=K&8-.<&`=C-.'&=,1182/0.`=J&5&3=0&34 &47._:8940>4_&(_/5= T-*= 24)*73= I3)48W*89= P&(.Q=(= O(*&3= IWP= .8= 9-*= 1&7,*89= '.4,*4,7&5-.(= 2&7.3*= 574;.3(*=&3)=.8=7*34<3*)=&8=&=-498549=+47='.4).;*78.9>_=A=2&=.2:2`=.3=9*728=4+=85*(.*8= 7.(-3*88`=.8=4'8*7;*)=+47=2&3>=8-&114<8<&9*7=2&7.3*=47,&3.828=.3=9-*=(*397&1=IWP`=<.9-= '.4).;*78.9>=)*(1.3.3,=<.9-=.3(7*&8.3,=).89&3(*=+742=9-*=(*397*_=R*(*39=*=5*).9.438=-&;*= &184= 7*;*&1*)= -.,-= 1*;*18= 4+= '.4).;*78.9>= &243,= )**588*&= ,&897454)= 2411:8(8_= W-.1*= 2&3>=->549-*8*8=*=.89=&'4:9=9-*=2*(-&3.828=9-&9=2&>=-&;*=1*)=94=9-*=57*8*39=-.,-= '.4).;*78.9>=1*;*18=.3=8-&114<8<&9*7=IWP=(422:3.9.*8`=1.=1*=.8=034<3=&'4:9=9-*=&,*=47= 47.,.3=4+=9745.(&1=)**588*&='.4).;*78.9>_=W*=:8*)=&=)**588*&=7&).&9.43=4+=;*9.,&897454)8= &8=&=97&(9&'1*=24)*1=94=9*89=0*>=->549-*8*8=&'4:9=47.,.38=&3)=94=)*9*72.3*=9-*=+&(9478= )7.;.3,= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= .3= 9-*= )**5= 8*&_= W*= 8-4<= 9-&9= &3= &'7:59= 5*7.4)= 4+= ,14'&1= <&72.3,=):7.3,=9-*=P&1&*4(*3*=E4(*3*=T-*72&1=M&=.2:2=1*&;*8=34=241*(:1&7=7*(47)= 4+=(-&3,*=.3=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=7&9*=.3=841&7.*11.)8_=C43;*78*1>`=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=.3=&=2&/47= (1&)*=.8=(43,7:*39=<.9-=&=5*7.4)=4+=,14'&1=(441.3,=&9=9-*=E4(*3*8O1.,4(*3*=97&38.9.43= &5574=.2&9*1>= --_1= M>&_= I3(7*&8*)= 3:97.*398= 2&)*= &;&.1&'1*= '>= (439*2547&3*4:8= (-&3,*8= 94= *748.43`= 4(*&3= (.7(:1&9.43`= 9*(943.(= *;*398= &3)= :5<*11.3,= 2&>= *=51&.3= .3(7*&8*)= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43`= 8:,,*89.3,= 9-&9= +44)= &;&.1&'.1.9>= 2&>= -&;*= '**3= &= +&(947= 1.2.9.3,=*=514.9&9.43=4+=)**588*&=-&'.9&98_= ABSTRACTS +++
T-_O+- INTRODUCTION=TO=THE=TREATISES=PARACLADISTIC=CLASSIFICATION= OF=THE=BIVALVIA J48*5-=G_=C&79*7 D*5&792*39=4+=G*414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=N479-=C&741.3&=&9=C-&5*1=H.11`=NC=,1/338--+/`=USA= T- (1&28 *2&.1_:3(_*): P&78.243>= &3&1>8.8= -&8= 574;*3= 94= '*= &3= .3).85*38&'1*= 9441= +47= &3&1>?.3,= (-&7&(9*7= *;41:9.43= .3= 9-*= B.;&1;.&`= ':9= .98= &884(.&9*)= (1&).89.(= 5->14,*3*9.(= 8>89*2&9.(8= )4*8= 1.=1*=94=+&(.1.9&9*=).8(:88.43=4+=&3(*89478)*8(*3)&39=7*1&9.438-.58_=T-.8=.8=1&7,*1>='*(&:8*= (1&)4,7&28=)4=349=54797&>=&3(*89478)*8(*3)&39=7*1&9.438-.58`=&3)=(1&).89.(=9&=4342>= 57*(1:)*8=9-*=+472&1=7*(4,3.9.43=4+=5&7&5->1*9.(=,74:58_=T-*=*=(1:8.43=4+=5&7&5->1*9.(= ,74:58=.8=&557457.&9*=+47=47,&3.828=<.9-=&=5447=+488.1=7*(47)=*_,_`=H*=&54)&`=&3)=+47= 842*=47,&3.828=<.9-=&=7.(-=':9=7*1&9.;*1>=(-&7&(9*7=5447=+488.1=7*(47)=*_,_`=G&897454)&`= ':9=.9=.8=1*88=&557457.&9*=+47=,74:58`=8:(-=&8=9-*=B.;&1;.&`=<.9-=&3=*=(*11*39=+488.1=7*(47)= 9-&9= .8= 7.(-= .3= 549*39.&11>= 5->14,*3*9.(&11>= .3+472&9.;*= (-&7&(9*78= *_,_`= 8-*11`= -.3,*= &3)=1.,&2*39=2475-414,>`=2:8(1*=8(&78`=&3)=1.,&2*39=&3)=8-*11=2.(74897:(9:7*_=T-*= +488.1= 7*(47)= 8:,,*898= 9-&9= 5&7&5->1>= .8= 944= <.)*857*&)= &243,= 9-*= '.;&1;*= 47)*78`= 8:5*7+&2.1.*8=&3)=+&2.1.*8=94='*=.,347*)=.3=&=(4257*-*38.;*`=+472&1=(1&88.Q=(&9.43=4+=9-*= B.;&1;.&a=/*=4+=57494'7&3(-.&3`=,3=4+=59*7.42475-.&3`=&3)=,/=4+=-*9*74(43(-.&3= 47)*78=&7*=5&7&5->1*9.(`=&3)=/*=4+=9-*8*=5&7&5->1*9.(=47)*78=&7*=*=9&39_=F47=9-*8*=8&2*= 9-7**=,74:58`=/1`=-0`=&3)=-1=4+=9-*=8:5*7+&2.1.*8=&7*=5&7&5->1*9.(`=&3)=1/`=,+`= &3)=-,=4+=9-*8*=5&7&5->1*9.(=8:5*7+&2.1.*8=&7*=*=9&39b=&184`=-3`=-3`=&3)=-,=4+=9-*= +&2.1.*8= &7*= 5&7&5->1*9.(`= &3)= ,,`= +1`= &3)= ,1= 4+= 9-*8*= 5&7&5->1*9.(= +&2.1.*8= &7*= *=9&39`=7*85*(9.;*1>_=T-*=5&7&5->1*9.(=3&9:7*=4+=9-*8*=47)*78`=8:5*7+&2.1.*8`=&3)=+&2.1.*8= .8=(422431>=-.))*3=.3=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(=89:).*8='>=9-*.7=3*(*88&7>=*=(1:8.43=4+= 89*2=,74:5=2*2'*78`=<-*7*.3=9-*=5&7&5->1>=,*3*7&11>=1.*8_=T-*=7*;.8*)=(1&88.Q=(&9.43= 4+= 9-*= B.;&1;.&= +47= 9-*= T7*&9.8*= 43= I3;*79*'7&9*= P&1*439414,>= ).S=*78= +742= &= 5:7*1>= (1&).89.(=&5574&(-=.3=+472&11>=7*(4,3.?.3,=5&7&5->1*9.(=,74:58`=&19-4:,-=&9=2.2.3&1= 9&=4342.(=7&308_=T-*8*=&7*=)*Q=3*)=<.9-=9-*=8&2*=7.,47=&8=24345->1*9.(=(1&)*8`=':9='>= 9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=85*(.Q=*)=&542475-.*8=&3)='>=9-*=&'8*3(*=4+=&542475-.*8=9-&9=)*Q=3*= 9-*.7=)*8(*3)*39=(1&)*=47=(1&)*8_
T-_O+. PHYLOGENOMIC=RESOLUTION=OF=RELATIONSHIPS=WITHIN= BIVALVIA=MOLLUSCA_ V&3*88&=L.?=G43?&1*?`=G43?&14=G.7.'*9 D*5&792*39=4+=O7,&3.82.(=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=H&7;&7)=U3.;*78.9>`=,0=O=+47)=S97**9`=C&2'7.),*`= M&88&(-:8*=8=USA=;,43?&1*? 4*'_-&7;&7)_*):`=,,.7.'*9 4*'_-&7;&7)_*):= W.9-=&3=*89.2&9*)=,*8-*`***=85*(.*8`='.;&1;*8=7*57*8*39=9-*=8*(43)=1&7,*89=1.;.3,=(1&88= 4+=2411:8(8_=P->14,*342.(=&5574&(-*8=-&;*=7*(*391>='**3=*2514>*)=94=4'9&.3=74':89= 7*841:9.43= 4+= 2411:8(&3= 7*1&9.438-.58`= ':9= (43R=.(98= .3= 2475-414,.(&1= &3)= 241*(:1&7= )&9&8*98= 5*78.89= <.9-.3= 2&/47= 2411:8(&3= 1.3*&,*8`= 5&79.(:1&71>= B.;&1;.&_= R*(*39= .3;*89.,&9.438=7*;*&1=,*3*7&1=(43,7:*3(*=4+=9-*=5->14,*3*9.(=51&(*2*39=4+=2&/47='.;&1;*= 1.3*&,*8`=-4<*;*7=8:55479=+47=8*;*7&1=(7.9.(&1='&8&1=34)*8=.8=1&(0.3,_=H*7*=<*=574;.)*= 9-*=Q=789=5->14,*342.(=7*(43897:(9.43=4+=B.;&1;.&=94<&7)=7*841;.3,=)**5=).;*7,*3(*8= ++, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
<.9-.3=9-.8=,74:5_=A11=Q=;*=2&/47=1.3*&,*8=4+='.;&1;*8=A7(-.-*9*74)439&`=E:-*9*74)439&= .3(1:).3,=A342&14)*82&9& `= P&1&*4-*9*74)439&`= P7494'7&3(-.&`= &3)= P9*7.42475-.&= <*7*=8&251*)=7*8:19.3,=.3=-.=3*<1>=8*6:*3(*)='.;&1;*=97&38(7.5942*8`=.3=&)).9.43=94=.= 97&38(7.5942*8=+742=7*57*8*39&9.;*8=4+=-=49-*7=2411:8(&3=1.3*&,*8_=T-.8=(4389.9:9*8=9-*= 2489=(4257*-*38.;*=5->14,*342.(=)&9&8*9=94=)&9*=+47=.3+*7*3(*=4+=)**5=7*1&9.438-.58= T- <.9-.3=B.;&1;.&_=S:'8*6:*39=&3&1>8*8=4'9&.3*)=74':89=7*841:9.43=4+='.;&1;*=1.3*&,*8_
T-_O+/ LOOKING=UP=TO=HDOWN=UNDERH=8====PHYLOGENY=]=BIOGEOGRAPHY= OF=AUSTRALIAN=THIARIDAE F7&3(*=G.23.N=`=T-42&8=;_=R.39*1*3`=N47&=M&&I`=M&=-.&8=G1&:'7*N=9 M:8*:2=+37=N&9:70:3)*=B*71.3`=L*.'3.?=I389.9:9*=+47=R*8*&7(-=.3=E;41:9.43=&3)=B.4).;*78.9>=&9=9-*= H:2'41)9=U3.;*78.9>`=I3;&1.)*3897&I*=.-`=+*++/=B*71.3`=G*72&3>=+7&3(*_,.23.(- 2+38'*71.3_)*`= 9-42&8_7.39*1*3 2+38'*71.3_)*`=347&_2&&88 2+38'*71.3_)*`=2&=-.&8_,1&:'7*(-9 2+38'*71.3_)*= F7*8-<&9*7=,&897454)8=&7*=8:.9&'1*=+47='.4,*4,7&5->=89:).*8='*(&:8*=9-*>=9*3)=94=57*8*7;*= ).897.':9.43=5&=*738=4;*7=143,=5*7.4)8=4+=9.2*_=T-*=47.,.3=4+=A:897&1.&3=+&:3&1=*1*2*398=&3)= 9-*=).7*(9.43&1.9>=&3)=9.2.3,=4+=(4143.?&9.438=&7*=(43974;*78.&1_=W*=57*8*39=-*7*=57*1.2.3&7>= 7*8:198=4+=&3=43,4.3,=89:)>=43=+7*8-<&9*7=T-.&7.)&*=C&*34,&897454)&a=C*7.9-.4.)*&=<.9-= +4(:8=43=9-*=A:897&1.&3=(439.3*39_=B&8*)=43=4<3=(411*(9.438`=7*1*;&39=9>5*=2&9*7.&1=&3)= 9-*=(425&7.843=<.9-=2&9*7.&1=.3=2&/47=A:897&1.&3=2:8*:2=(411*(9.438=<*=)4(:2*39=9-*.7= ,*4,7&5-.(&1=).897.':9.43=<.9-=4;*7=+***=7*(47)8=<.9-=7*+*7*3(*8=7&3,.3,=+742=<471)8 <.)*= 5&=*738= 94= 82&11*7= 8(&1*)= )7&.3&,*8'&8*)= (-&7&(9*7.89.(8_= A8= 94= 9-*= 9-.&7.)8= <*= 9*89*)=<-*9-*7=9-*>=&7*=*.9-*7=&3=&55*3)&,*=4+=9-*=SE=A8.&3='.49&`=47=47.,.3&9*)=43=9-*= A:897&1.&3=(439.3*39=8.3(*=&3(.*39=9.2*8_=W*=&551.*)=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(=9*(-3.6:*8= &3&1>?.3,=2.94(-43)7.&1=+0S=7RNA=&3)=(>94(-742*=4=.)&8*=I=,*3*=8*6:*3(*8=&8=<*11=&8= -.8943*= H-= 8:':3.9= &3)= ,2S= 7RNA= ,*3*= 8*6:*3(*8= +47= 7*57*8*39&9.;*= 9-.&7.)8= +742= &11= 4;*7=9-*=<471)_=C4774'47&9.3,=9-*=2475-414,.(&11>=).89.3,:.8-*)=,*3*7&=&3)=85*(.*8`=<*= .)*39.+>=&=949&1=4+=*1*;*3=).89.3(9=,*3*9.(=(1&)*8=.3=A:897&1.&=4+=<-.(-=+4:7=7*57*8*39=85*(.*8= '*.3,=*3)*2.(=94=9-*=(439.3*39_=T-*=241*(:1&7=)&9&=)4*8=349=8:55479=9-*=24345->1>=4+= &11= *=9&39=A:897&1.&3= 9-.&7.)8_= T-*= ).897.':9.43= (&3349= '*= *=51&.3*)= '>= 8.251>= &= 8.3,1*= (4143.?&9.43=*;*39=+742=A8.&=94=A:897&1.&`=3*.9-*7=;.(*=;*78&_=T-*=241*(:1&7=)&9.3,=4+=9-*= ,*3*=97**8='>=(&1.'7&9.43=54.398=:8.3,=+488.18=(4:1)=,.;*=*34724:8=.38.,-98=7*,&7).3,=9-*= 9.2.3,=4+=(4143.?&9.43=*;*398=':9=.8=&=).T==(:19=9&80=):*=94=&2'.,:4:8=&88.,32*398_
T-_O+0 FREELOADING=TO=FREE8LIVINGa=PHYLOGENY`=DIVERSIFICATION=AND= MORPHOLOGICAL=EVOLUTION=OF=THE=MEGADIVERSE=MARINE=BIVALVE= SUPERFAMILY=GALEOMMATOIDEA J.3,(-:3=L.+`=D.&72&.)=Ó=F4.,-.1+`=E11*3=S9743,, +M:8*:2=4+=Z4414,>`=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M.(-.,&3`= ++*3=G*))*8=A;*_=A33=A7'47`=MI=.2+*3`=USA=/.3,(-:3 :2.(-_*):`=).&72&.) :2.(-_*): ,S2.9-843.&3=I389.9:9.43`=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>_=+*9-=&3)=C4389.9:9.43=A;*`= NW=W&8-.3,943`=DC=,*/0*`=USA`=USA=S9743,E 8._*) T-*=.39*751&>=4+=&'.49.(=&3)='.49.(=+&(9478=-&8=8-&5*)=9-*=51&3*98='.4).;*78.9>=9-74:,-= 9.2*_= H4<*;*7`= 89:).*8= 4+= (439*2547&7>= 2&7.3*= 1.3*&,*= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= &7*= 9>5.(&11>= ABSTRACTS ++-
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`= ':9= 9-*= (422*38&1= 85*(.*8= &7*= .3R=:*3(*)= '>= &3= &)).9.43&1= '.49.(= +&(947a= 9-*.7= *(414,.(&1= .39*7&(9.438= <.9-= 9-*.7= -4898_= W*= &7*= .39*7*89*)= .3= :3)*789&3).3,= -4<= (422*38&1= &3)= +7**81.;.3,= 1.+*89>1*8= -&;*= 8-&5*)= ,&1*422&94.)*&3= 2&(74*;41:9.43&7>= 97&/*(947.*8= &3)= <-&9= &7*= 9-*.7= 7*1&9.;*= (4397.':9.438= 94= 9-*= 8:5*7+&2.1>8= 57*8*398)&>= 2*,&).;*78*= 89&9:8_= T4= )4= 84`= <*= (43897:(9*)= &= ,14'&1`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`=6:&39.9&9.;*=&3&1>8.8=4+=(1&2=2475-414,.*8=8:,,*89*)=9-&9=9-*=+7**8 1.;.3,=,74:5=&184=*=-.'.9*)=-.,-*7=2475-414,.(&1=).85&7.9>_=G.;*3=9-&9=9-*=(422*38&1= 1.+*89>1*=.3=G&1*422&94.)*&=.8=&3=&)&59&9.43=94=1.;.3,=.3=8*).2*398=&3)=9-&9=9-*=+7**8 1.;.3,=1.+*89>1*=.8=9.,-91>=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=1.;.3,=.3=-&7)8'4=42=-&'.9&98`=9-*8*=Q=3).3,8= .251>=9-&9='>=(4143.?.3,=-&7)8'4=42=-&'.9&98`=,&1*422&94.)*&38=<*7*=&'1*=94=*8(&5*= &=-4898(422*38&1=*;41:9.43&7>=(43897&.39=&3)=:3)*7,4=&3=&((*1*7&9*)=).;*78.Q=(&9.43= &8= +7**81.;.3,= 1.3*&,*8_= = O:7= )&9&= 54.39= 94= &= 0*>= 741*= 51&>*)= '>= '.49.(&11>8(4251*== (47&1=7**+=-&7)='4=42=-&'.9&98`=.3=5&79.(:1&7`=.3=)7.;.3,=9-.8=*=(*59.43&1=*;41:9.43&7>= 7&).&9.43=4+=+7**81.;.3,=,&1*422&94.)*&38_=
T-_O+1 PATTERNS=OF=LINEAGE=DIVERSIFICATION=IN=THE=FAMILY=PINNIDAE S&7&-=L*2*7`=G43?&14=G.7.'*9 D*5&792*39=4+=O7,&3.82.(=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>=]=M:8*:2=4+=C425&7&9.;*=Z4414,>`= MCZ=L&'47&947.*8`=H&7;&7)=U3.;*78.9>`=,0=O=+47)=S97**9`=C&2'7.),*`=MA=*,+-2`=USA======8&7&-1*2*7 4*'_-&7;&7)_*):`=,,.7.'*9 ,_-&7;&7)_*):= S5*(.*8=4+=9-*=+&2.1>=P.33.)&*`=(422431>=(&11*)=+&3=47=5*3=8-*118`=&7*=<.)*1>=).897.':9*)= .3=8-&114<=<&9*78=4+=9*25*7&9*=&3)=9745.(&1=8*&8_=A194,*9-*7`=/+=85*(.*8=&7*=(422431>= 7*(4,3.?*)`= '&8*)= 43= 2475-414,.(&1= (-&7&(9*78`= ':9= 9-*= 3:2'*7= 4+= ;&1.)= 85*(.*8= 7*6:.7*8=+:79-*7=8(7:9.3>_=F47=9-*=Q=789=9.2*`=&=2:19.8,*3*=5->14,*3*9.(=&3&1>8.8=4+=(_=,*= P.33.)&*=85*(.*8=:8.3,=.=,*3*9.(=2&70*78=COI`=+0S=7RNA`=+2S=7RNA=&3)=,2S=7RNA= <&8=574):(*)=.3=47)*7=94=7*841;*=9-*=5->14,*4,7&5-.(=897:(9:7*=4+=9-.8=+&2.1>=&3)=94= (1&7.+>= 9-*= 5->14,*3*9.(= 7*1&9.438-.58= &243,= 85*(.*8`= 9-*.7= *;41:9.43&7>= -.8947>= &3)= 9-*.7=).;*7,*3(*=9.2*_=U8.3,=-.8947.(&1=&3)=,*414,.(&1=)&9&=*_,_`=8*&=1*;*1=R=:(9:&9.438`= 47=*2*7,*3(*=4+=5->8.(&1='&77.*78=94=).85*78&1=<*=9&(01*)=9-*=2*&38='>=<-.(-=3&9:7&1= ;&7.&9.43=&3)=85*(.&9.43=&7*=,*3*7&9*)_=I3=5&7&11*1`=+4(:8.3,=43=57*8*39=*3;.7432*39&1= (43).9.438=+47=*&(-=85*(.*8=*_,_`=(:77*398`=9*25*7&9:7*=47=8&1.3.9>=(1.3*8=&3)=85*(.*8= 1.+*=-.8947>=97&.98=*_,_`=&,*=4+=2&9:7.9>`=7*574):(9.43=9.2*`=<*=*1:(.)&9*)=9-*=2*&38= '>= <-.(-= ;&7.&9.43= .8= 2&.39&.3*)= 9-74:,-= 9.2*= &3)= 85&(*_= O:7= 7*8:198= 8-4<= 9-7**= ++. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
).89.3(9=2&/47=(1&)*8=(477*8543).3,=94=9-7**=,*3*7&a=A97.3&='*.3,=9-*=8.89*7=,74:5=94= 9-*=9<4=49-*7=,*3*7&=P.33&=&3)=S97*5945.33&=<-.(-=&7*=5&7&5->1*9.(_=T-*=5->14,*3*9.(= 7*1&9.438-.58='*9<**3=A97.3&=;*=.11:2`=A_=5*(9.3&9&=&3)=A_=7.,.)&=&7*=89.11=:3(1*&7=&9=9-.8= 89&,*=4+=9-*=&3&1>8.8_=A5&79=+742=9-*=85*(.*8=S97*5945.33&=8&((&9&`=&11=I3)48P&(.Q=(=85*(.*8= ).851&>=&=(1*&7=8*5&7&9.43=&243,=9-*.7=I3).&3=O(*&3=&3)=P&(.Q=(=O(*&3=545:1&9.438_= T- W.9-.3=9-48*=85*(.*8`=P_=2:7.(&9&=8-4<8=&=8:'88*5&7&9.43='*9<**3=9-*=R*)=8*&=&3)=9-*= M4?&2'.6:*=C-&3*1_=W.9-.3=9-*=W*89*73=A91&39.(=85*(.*8`=A_=7.,.)&=545:1&9.438=&55*&7= 94='*=).;*7,*39='*9<**3=F147.)&`=P&3&2&=&3)=9-*=C&7.''*&3=&7(=<-*7*&8=P_=(&73*&=8-4<8= -424,*34:8=).897.':9.43=.3=9-*=8&2*=&7*&_=V&7.&9.438=.3=85*(.*8=).897.':9.43=-.,-1.,-9= 9-*= .3R=:*3(*= 4+= 5&89= &3)= (439*2547&7>= '.4,*4,7&5-.(&1= '&77.*78= &3)= 9-*= (4251*== *;41:9.43&7>=-.8947>=4+=*&(-=85*(.*8`=<-.(-=<.11='*=+:79-*7=).8(:88*)_
T-_O+2 BRIDGING=THE=GAP=IN=FOSSIL=AND=RECENT=MELANOPSIDAE=:= A=CASE=STUDY=IN=EVOLUTIONARY=SYSTEMATICS= E1.8&'*=&=L47.`=M&=-.&8=G1&:'7*(-9 M:8*:2=+37=N&9:70:3)*=B*71.3`=L*.'3.?=I389.9:9*=+47=R*8*&7(-=.3=E;41:9.43=&3)=B.4).;*78.9>=&9=9-*= H:2'41)9=U3.;*78.9>`=I3;&1.)*3897&I*=.-`=+*++/=B*71.3`=G*72&3>=*1.8&'*=&_147. 2+38'*71.3_)*`= 2&=-.&8_,1&:'7*(-9 2+38'*71.3_)* A((47).3,= 94= 9-*= ;.(&7.&3(*= &5574&(-= .3= -.8947.(&1= '.4,*4,7&5->= 9-*= 5->14,*3*9.(= 5&=*73= .3= &= ,.;*3= 9&=43= .8= (&:8&11>= 1.30*)= <.9-= 9-*= 8*6:*3(*= 4+= 85&9.&1= 8*5&7&9.43= *;*398_= I3= 9-.8= (439*=9= 9-*= <*118)4(:2*39*)= 5&1&*4,*4,7&5->= .3= 9-*= M*).9*77&3*&3= 7*,.43=4+=9-*=3479-*73=T*9->8=2&7,.3=574;.)*=&3=.)*&1=8*=.3,=+47=8:(-=89:).*8`=&8=<*11= &8=+7*8-<&9*7=,&897454)8=4+=9-*=M*1&3458.)&*=574;.)*=&=<*1188:.9*)=24)*1=(&8*_=F488.1= &3)=R*(*39=2*1&3458.)8=-&;*='**3=89:).*)='>=9&=4342.898=8.3(*=3*&71>=9<4=(*39:7.*8= 34<`=1*&;.3,=:8=<.9-=8*;*7&1=).S=*7*39=45.3.438=43=9-*.7=8>89*2&9.(8=<-.1*=&=)*(.8.;*=&3)= (4257*-*38.;*=841:9.43=.8=89.11=1&(0.3,_=I3=&)).9.43=94=9-*=2*7*1>=9&=4342.(=)*8(7.59.43= 4+='.414,.(&1=).;*78.9>`=-4<*;*7`=&=7*841;*)=5->14,*3>=.8=4+=5&7&24:39=.25479&3(*_=A9= 9-*=8&2*=9.2*=9-*=7.(-=+488.1=7*(47)=4+=2*1&3458.)8`=<.9-=&=51*9-47&=4+=85*(.Q=(=3&2*8`=&3)= .3=5&79.(:1&7=9-*=M*88.3.&3=-.8947>=4+=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3=574;.)*=2:19.51*=(&1.'7&9.43= 2&70*78_=I3=&=9<48+41)=&5574&(-=.=<*=-&;*=2&55*)=9-*=(439.3:4:8=4((:77*3(*=&3)= ).897.':9.43=4+=(-743485*(.*8=9-74:,-=85&(*=&3)=9.2*`=+742=9-*=C7*9&(*4:8=&3)=2.))1*= E4(*3*=94=R*(*39`=)4(:2*39.3,=8-=.V=8=.3=7&3,*=&3)=2475-414,>=4+=9&=&=(4257.8.3,=9-*= *39.7*=M*).9*77&3*&3=7*,.43b=..=<*=-&;*=(&77.*)=4:9=&=(4257*-*38.;*=29DNA=&3&1>8*8= :8.3,= 9-*= ,*3*= +7&,2*398= 4+= COI= &3)= +0S= 4+= R*(*39= 85*(.2*38= 4+= 9-*= ;&7.4:8= 9&=&= 8= +742= ,*3*7.(= 94= 85*(.*8= 1*;*1= 8= +742= 9-*= *39.7*= ).897.':9.43&1= 7&3,*= .3= (425&7.843= <.9-=&3&942.(&1=)&9&`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
T-_P+ NEW=INSIGHTS=FROM=A=LOST=WORLD=8=UNLOCKING=THE=POTENTIAL= OF=MUSEUM=COLLECTIONS=USING=HISTORICAL=SPECIMENS M&=-.&8=G1&:'7*(-9+`=A1*==G7**3<44),`=J&3&=E'*78'&(--` . , + + A33&'*11=S?>2&380> `=K&7.3=H3., `=B*3*).09=W.,,*7.3, `=F7&3(*=G.23.(- T- +M:8*:2=+37=N&9:70:3)*=B*71.3`=L*.'3.?=I389.9:9*=+47=R*8*&7(-=.3=E;41:9.43=&3)=B.4).;*78.9>=&9=9-*= H:2'41)9=U3.;*78.9>`=I3;&1.)*3897&I*=.-`=+*++/=B*71.3`=G*72&3>=2&=-.&8_,1&:'7*(-9 2+38'*71.3_)*`= '*3*).09_<.,,*7.3, 2+38'*71.3_)*`=+7&3(*_,.23.(- 2+38'*71.3_)* ,L*.'3.?=I389.9:9*=+47=Z44=&3)=W.1)1.+*=R*8*&7(-=.3=9-*=F478(-:3,8;*7':3)=B*71.3=*_V_`=A1+7*)8K4<&10*8 S97&I*=+1`=+*-+/=B*71.3=G*72&3>=,7**3<44) .?<8'*71.3_)*`=-4*3., .?<8'*71.3_)* -M:8*:2=+37=N&9:70:3)*=B*71.3`=L*.'3.?=I389.9:9*=+47=R*8*&7(-=.3=E;41:9.43=&3)=B.4).;*78.9>=&9=9-*= H:2'41)9=U3.;*78.9>`=I3;&1.)*3897&I*=.-`=+*++/=B*71.3`=G*72&3>=(:77*39=&))7*88a=A'9*.1:3,=+37= M41*0:1&7*=E;41:9.43=:3)=S>89*2&9.0=)*7=PR=&3?*3b=I389.9:9=+37=B.414,.*`=U3.;*78.9C9=L*.5?.,`= J4-&33.8&11**=,+8,-`=*.+*-=L*.5?.,`=G*72&3>=/&3&_*'*78'&(- :3.81*.5?.,_)*= .M:8*:2=+37=N&9:70:3)*=B*71.3`=L*.'3.?=I389.9:9*=+47=R*8*&7(-=.3=E;41:9.43=&3)=B.4).;*78.9>=&9=9-*= H:2'41)9=U3.;*78.9>`=I3;&1.)*3897&I*=.-`=+*++/=B*71.3`=G*72&3>=(:77*39=&))7*88a=F7**=U3.;*78.9>=4+= B*71.3`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>`=S(-<*3)*3*7897&I*=+`=+.+3/=B*71.3`=G*72&3>=&_8?>2&380> +:8'*71.3_)* N&9:7&1= -.8947>= 2:8*:28= &3)= (411*(9.438= &7*= )*).(&9*)= 94= 9-*= )4(:2*39&9.43= 4+= (:77*39=&3)=5&89='.4).;*78.9>_=I3=1.,-9=4+=9-*=.3(7*&8.3,='.4).;*78.9>=(7.8.8`=9-*=89:)>= 4+= 9-.8= '.414,.(&1= ).;*78.9>= &9= &11= 1*;*18= &3)= 9-*= :3)*71>.3,= *;41:9.43&7>= +47(*8= .8= '*(42.3,= *;*3= 247*= :7,*39_= M:8*:2= (411*(9.438= <471)<.)*= -4:8*= '*9<**3= +_/= &3)=-='.11.43=85*(.2*38=&3)=):*=94=9-*.7=&7(-.;*=+:3(9.43=51&>=&=(*397&1=741*=.3=9-*= 89:)>=4+='.4).;*78.9>=&3)=*;41:9.43_=T-*.7=549*39.&1=+47=9&=4342>`=5->14,*3>=&3)= 5->14,*4,7&5->=.8=*;*3=-.,-*7=<-*3=24)*73=241*(:1&7=,*3*9.(=2*9-4)8`=8:(-=&8= &3(.*39DNA= 9*(-3.6:*8`= (4:1)= '*= &551.*)= &184= 94= 9-48*= 85*(.2*38= 2489= ;&1:&'1*= +47= &3= &77&>= 4+= 7*&8438`= *_,_= '*.3,= 9>5*8`= 94549>5.(&1= 2&9*7.&1= 47= 7*57*8*39.3,= 545:1&9.438=94)&>=349=&((*88.'1*=47=*=9&39=&3>=143,*7_=W*=9*89*)=&=3438)*897:(9.;*= &DNA=*=97&(9.43=57494(41=&3)=)*;*145*)=57.2*78=+47=-.8947.(&1=2411:80=85*(.2*38= &3)= 8*6:*3(*= *37.(-2*39= 9*(-3.6:*8= 94= '*= *=5147*)= +47= :8*= .3= 2&1&(414,.(&1= (411*(9.438_= W*= +4:3)= 9-*= 57494(41= 8:.9&'1*= +47= DNA= *=97&(9.43= .3= 247*= 9-&3= /*= -.8947.(=8&251*8=4+=;&7.4:8=)7.*)=2&9*7.&18=8-*118`=45*7(:1:2=&3)=)7.*)=9.88:*=+742= ).S=*7*39=+&2.1.*8`=.3=5&79.(:1&7=:8*)=-*7*=+47=T-.&7.)&*=.3(1:).3,=P&1:)42.3&*=&3)= +47=P1&347'.)&*`=<-.(-=<*7*=&8=41)=&8=3*&71>=+/*=>*&78_=W*=<.11=57*8*39=(&8*=89:).*8= +742=SE=A8.&3=&3)=A:897&1.&3=T-.&7.)&*=<-*7*=.9=<&8=5488.'1*=94=7*(4;*7=.3+472&9.;*= 8*6:*3(*8=&3)=5*7+472=5->14,*3*9.(=7*(43897:(9.438_=F47=*=&251*`=<*=+4:3)=9-&9=.= -.8947.(=85*(.2*38=4+=R.5&1&3.&=6:**381&3).(&`=(411*(9*)=4;*7=&=(*39:7>=&,4=.3=P&5:&= N*<=G:.3*&=&3)=-4:8*)=.3=9-*=B*71.3=2:8*:2`=(1:89*7=<.9-=6:**381&3).(&=8*6:*3(*8= +742=A:897&1.&=.3).(&9.3,=9-&9=9-.8=9-.&7.)=.8=&(9:&11>=349=*3)*2.(=94=9-*=(439.3*39`= ..=N*47&).3&=57&843,.=+742=84:9-*73=T-&.1&3)=.8=&3=.3)*5*3)*39=1.3*&,*=).89.3(9='49-= +742=M*1&34.)*8=&3)=S9*342*1&3.&`=...=P&1:)42:8=.8=349=897.(91>=&3=O7.*39&1=9&=43`=&3)= .;=9-*=7&7*=&3)=*:8;.;.5&74:8=S.2:1&9-*3&=5&5:*38.8=2.,-9='*=&=9-.&7.)=.389*&)=4+=&= 51&3&=.)_= ++0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T-_P, VETIGASTROPODA=MOLLUSCAa=GASTROPODA=FROM=THE= PLIO8PLEISTOCENE=OF=THE=PHILIPPINES R*3&9*=A_=H*1<*7)&+`=F7&30=P_=W*88*1.3,-+`=S:?&33*=T_=W.11.&28, +N&9:7&1.8=B.4).;*78.9>=C*39*7`=P_O_=B4==3/+1`=,-**=RA=L*.)*3`=T-*=N*9-*71&3)8======T- 7*3&9*_-*1<*7)& 3&9:7&1.8_31`=+7&30_<*88*1.3,- 3&9:7&1.8_31 ,D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=C742<*11=R)`=L43)43`=SW1=/BD`=UK======8_<.11.&28 3-2_&(_:0= A3=*=97*2*1>=<*11857*8*7;*)=P1.48P1*.894(*3*=2411:8(=+&:3&=<&8=+4:3)=.3=9-*=3479-8 <*89*73=P-.1.55.3*8_=T-*=-*9*7454)=&3)=59*7454)=85*(.*8=.3=9-.8=+&:3&=<*7*=57*;.4:81>= 89:).*)=&3)=9-*.7=85*(.*8=3:2'*7=<&8=+4:3)=94='*=-.,-*7=9-&3=.3=&3>=49-*7=+&:3&=+4:3)= 94=)&9*_=S:'8*6:*391>`=8*;*7&1=;*9.,&897454)=+&2.1.*8=<*7*=89:).*)=&3)=8>89*2&9.(&11>= )*8(7.'*)_= T-*= 5&1*4*3;.7432*39&1= &3)= 5&1*4'.4,*4,7&5-.(&1= (-&7&(9*7= 4+= 9-*= +&:3&= .8= *=5147*)b= .3= 9-*= +&:3&= .3).(&9*8= = 7*1&9.;*1>= )**5= <&9*7= (_= ,**:-**= 2= 5&1*4)*59-= )*548.9.43&1=8*=.3,8_=T<*39>=8.==85*(.*8=4+=,&897454)8=<*7*=89:).*)`=9-7**=4+=<-.(-=&7*= )*8(7.'*)=&8=3*<`=;.?_=H&1>89.3&=(434.)*&`=C&11.49745.8=&7*348&=&3)=E9-2.341.&=<&7*3._=A3= &)).9.43&1=3:2'*7=4+=+4:7=3*<=(42'.3&9.438=&7*=574548*)`=;.?_=P8*:)49&145.&=9&.<&3*38.8= C-*3`=,**0`=S41&7.*11&=8*,*78.=P455*`=T&,&74=]=D*00*7`=,**0`=Z*9*1&=9&'&049&3..=P455*`= T&,&74=]=D*00*7`=,**0=&3)=I1&3,&=04348=V.1;*38`=,**3_=T-.79**3=85*(.*8=&7*=034<3= 1.;.3,=&3)=&349-*7=Q=;*=&7*=5488.'1>=&3(*89478=4+=24)*73=85*(.*8`=,.;.3,=9-*=+&:3&=&3= 4;*7&11= 24)*73= 7*8*2'1&3(*_= M489= 24)*73= 85*(.*8= 4((:7= &74:3)= 9-*= P-.1.55.3*8_= I3= &)).9.43`= 9<4= 4+= 9-*= 85*(.*8= &7*= 8-&7*)= <.9-= N*4,*3*= )*548.98= +742= <*89*73= P&(.Q=(= .81&3)8_=T-*=3*<=+&:3&=4S=*78=.38.,-98=.394=9-*=(-&7&(9*7=4+=)**5=<&9*7=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(= 2411:8(=+&:3&8=57.47=94=9-*=438*9=4+=9-*=Q:&9*73&7>=.(*=&,*8_=T-*=+&:3&=&184=(439&.38= 2&3>=49-*7=2411:8(=85*(.*8=89.11=<&.9.3,=94='*=89:).*)_=
T-_P- PATTERNS=OF=LAND=SNAIL=SUCCESSION=IN=CENTRAL=EUROPE=OVER= THE=LAST=+/_***=YEARSa=MAIN=CHANGES=ALONG=ENVIRONMENTAL`= SPATIAL=AND=TEMPORAL=GRADIENTS L_=J:$.N04;@+`=M_=H478@0,`=J_=H47@N04;@-`=V_=A'7&-@2.`=V_=L4C*0/ +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=C-&71*8=U3.;*78.9>=.3=P7&,:*`=V.3.N3@=1`=CZ8+,2=..=P7&,:*= ,`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=1:(.*_/:7.(04;& 8*?3&2_(?= ,D*5&792*39=4+=B49&3>=&3)=Z4414,>`=M&8&7>0=U3.;*78.9>`=K491@$80@=,`=CZ80++=-1=B734`= C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=-478&0 8(._2:3._(?= -D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>=&3)=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=C-&71*8=U3.;*78.9>=.3=P7&,:*`= V.3.N3@=1`=CZ8+,2=..=P7&,:*=,`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=/.90&_-47&(04;& ,2&.1_(42= .D*5&792*39=4+=B49&3>`=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=C-&71*8=U3.;*78.9>=.3=P7&,:*`=B*3@980@=,`=CZ8+,2=..=P7&,:*= ,`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=;4/9*(-_&'7&-&2 ,2&.1_(42= /L&'47&947>=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=G*414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=G*414,>=AS=CR`=R4?;4/4;@=,03`=CZ8+0/=**=P7&,:*=0`= C?*(-=R*5:'1.( L4(&9.43=4+=C*397&1=E:745*=&9=&=97&38.9.43=4+=(1.2&9.(=?43*8=&3)='*9<**3=(439.3*39&1= &3)=&15.3*=,1&(.&1=.(*=8-**98=,.;*8=9-.8=&7*&=&=-.,-=549*39.&1=94=:3)*789&3)=5489,1&(.&1= 857*&).3,=&3)=).897.':9.43=4+=85*(.*8=.3=9-*=*39.7*=9*25*7&9*=E:745*_=W.9-.3=C*397&1= E:745*`=9-*=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=&3)=S14;&0.&='*143,=94=7*,.438=<.9-=9-*=)*38*89=3*9<470=4+= H414(*3*=2411:8(=8:((*88.438`=*3&'1.3,=&=Q=3*=85&9.&1=7*841:9.43_=F742=247*=9-&3=-**= *=.89.3,=574Q=1*8=<*=8*1*(9*)=3+=9-*=2489=.25479&39=8.9*8=+47=7&).4(&7'43=)&9.3,=&3)=&= ABSTRACTS ++1
)*9&.1*)=5&1&*4*(414,.(&1=&3&1>8.8=.3=47)*7=94=(4;*7=;&7.&9.43=4+=-&'.9&9=9>5*8`=&19.9:)*`= 9>5*=4+=)*548.9`=&3)=9.2*=85&3=4;*7=9-*=1&89=+/_***=>*&78_=W*=8**0=+47=9-*=2&.3=5&=*738= 4+=85*(.*8=7.(-3*88=&3)=(42548.9.43&1=(-&3,*8=8.3(*=9-*=L&9*=G1&(.&1b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`=(4397&7>=94= (-&3,*8= .3= 85*(.*8= (42548.9.43_= MDS= 47).3&9.43= '&8*)= 43= 57*8*3(*2&'8*3(*= )&9&= ).89.3,:.8-*)=+4:7=2&.3=5&=*738=4+=85*(.*8=(42548.9.43=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=9-*=3:2'*7=4+= +47*89=85*(.*8=.3=&88*2'1&,*8`=548.9.43=4+=8.9*=&143,=9-*=<*898*&89=).7*(9.43`=24.89:7*=4+= 8.9*`=&3)=&,*=4+=8&251*8_=W*=)*8(7.'*)=,*3*7&1=5&=*738=4+=9-*=C*397&1=E:745*&3=2411:8(= 8:((*88.43`=<-.(-=8**28=94='*`=-4<*;*7`=7&9-*7=:3.6:*=+47=C*397&1=E:745*_=
T-_P.
PATTERNS=OF=DISPARITY=AND=DIVERSITYa==INDUCED=MORPHOLOGIC= VARIATION=OF=VENERID=BIVALVES=BIVALVIAa=VENERIDAE= OF=THE=INDO8PACIFIC G&7>=J_=M49? D*5&792*39=4+=G*414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C.3(.33&9.`=/**=G*414,>2P->8.(8=B:.1).3,=C.3(.33&9.`= O-.4=./,,+8**+-=USA=249?,> 2&.1_:(_*): S9:).*8=4+=24)*73=9&=4342.(=7.(-3*88=1440=.3(7*&8.3,1>=94=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)=+47=.3+472&9.43= &'4:9=9-*=+472&9.43=&3)=2&.39*3&3(*=4+='.4).;*78.9>_==A8=&=-498549=4+=24)*73=).;*78.9>=.3= 2&7.3*=-&'.9&98`=9-*=I3)48P&(.Q=(=-&8='**3=7*(4,3.?*)=&8=&=5*78.89*39=(*39*7=4+=47.,.3&9.43= +47= 9-*= 2&/47.9>= 4+= 9-*= C*34?4.(_= = I3= 9-.8= (439*=9`= I= &2= .3;*89.,&9.3,= 9-*= *;41:9.43= 4+= ;*3*7.)8'.;&1;*='.4).;*78.9>=9-74:,-4:9=9-*=I3)48P&(.Q=(=<.9-=9-*=,4&1=4+=:3)*789&3).3,= (&:8&1=2*(-&3.828=+47=9-*=)*;*1452*39=4+=9-*=97*2*3)4:8=2411:8(&3=).;*78.9>=4'8*7;*)= .3=9*728=4+='49-=85*(.*8=7.(-3*88=.*_='.4).;*78.9>=&3)=2475-414,.(=;&7.&9.43=._*_=).85&7.9>_ I=->549-*8.?*=9-&9=(148*1>=(43897&.3*)='.49.(=.39*7&(9.438`=8:(-=&8=9-*=&,43.89.(=7*1&9.438-.5= '*9<**3= ;*3*7.)= '.;&1;*8= &3)= 9-*.7= 57*)&9478`= 8-*118)7.11.3,= ,&897454)8`= 2&>= (&:8*= ).7*(9.43&1=(-&3,*8=.3=8-*11=8-&5*=&3)=+472=&8=&=-*7.9&'1*=5-*349>5.(=7*85438*_==F:79-*7`= 9-.8=*;41:9.43&7>=7*85438*=2&>=(4397.':9*=94=,*3*9.(=).S=*7*39.&9.43=&3)=574249*=85*(.&9.43= <.9-.3= 57*8*=.89.3,= (1&)*8_= = H*7*`= I= 7*5479= &3= &88*882*39= 4+= 2475-414,.(= ;&7.&9.43`= '>= :9.1.?.3,='49-=1&3)2&70=&3)=4:91.3*=2475-42*97.(=9*(-3.6:*8`=&243,=N*4,*3*=;*3*7.)= ,*3*7&=+742=9-*=I3)48P&(.Q=(_==I=(43897&.3=9-*8*=&3&1>8*8=.3=&=897&9.,7&5-.(=&3)=,*4,7&5-.(= (439*=9`=9&0.3,=.394=&((4:39=9-*=+7*6:*3(>=4+=)7.11.3,=57*)&9.43=&8=&=549*39.&1=+:3(9.43=4+= 2475-414,.(&1=;&7.&9.43_ M475-42*97.(=&3&1>8*8=4+=;*3*7.)=,*3*7&=)*243897&9*=9-&9=9&=&=&7*=7&3)421>=).897.':9*)= 9-74:,-4:9=8-&5*=85&(*=<.9-=7*85*(9=94=,*4,7&5-.(=&3)=9*2547&1=).897.':9.438_==H4<*;*7`= <-*3=57*)&9.43=.389&3(*8=._*_=)7.11*)=85*(.2*38=&7*=8:5*7.2548*)=43=9-*=47).3&9.43=.3= 8-&5*=85&(*`=&='.&8=.3=57*>=8*1*(9.;.9>=.8=4'8*7;*)_ ++2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T-_P/ ARCHAEOMALACOLOGICAL=STUDY=OF=LA=GARMA=B=CAVE= CANTABRIA`=SPAIN M_=T_=A5&7.(.4+`=E_=Á1;&7*?8F*73@3)*?,`=P_=A7.&8-`=E_=G:9.S77*?-`=R_=O39&3- T- +M:8*4=N&(.43&1=)*=C.*3(.&8=N&9:7&1*8=CSIC_=C_=J48S=G:9.S77*?=A'&8(&1`=,2**-=M&)7.)=S5&.3======9*7*8& 23(3_(8.(_*8 ,D594_=)*=P7*-.8947.&`=H.8947.&=A39.,:&=>=A76:*414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=G*4,7&+c&=*=H.8947.&`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*= S&1&2&3(&=USAL_=C_=C*77&)&=)*=S*77&348=823_=E8-1**,_=S&1&2&3(&=S5&.3=*5&3.0 :8&1_*8 -E).Q=(.4=.39*7+&(:19&9.;4=)*=1&=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=C&39&'7.&`=A;_=)*=148=C&89748=S2N`=-3**/=S&39&3)*7=S5&.3= &7.&85 :3.(&3_*8`=*,(:*3(& ,2&.1_(42`=439&3437 ,4'(&39&'7.&_*8 L&= G&72&= B= .8= 43*= 4+= 9-*= (&;*8= .3= L&= G&72&= A7(-&*414,.(&1= C4251*== O244`= R.'&2439@3=&1=M439*`=C&39&'7.&_=T<4=2:19.51*=':7.&1=5-&8*8=<*7*=)*Q=3*)=):7.3,=9-*= +33/8+333=&7(-&*414,.(&1=*=(&;&9.43`=43*=)&9*)=94=(_=-***8,/**=(&1=BC=&3)=(477*8543).3,= 94=9-*=*&71>=C455*7=A,*=1&>*7=C`=&3)=&349-*7=43*=)&9.3,=94=(_=,,**8+0**=(&1=BC=&3)= &8(7.'&'1*=94=9-*=*&71>=B743?*=A,*=1&>*7=A_=M489=4+=9-*=&7(-&*414,.(&1=(439*39=4+=9-*= (&;*=(477*8543)8=94=9-*=1&=*7`=.3(1:).3,=-:2&3=7*2&.38`=2&22&1='43*8=&3)=2411:8(8`= &8=<*11=&8=54=*7>`=1.9-.(=.251*2*398=&3)=842*=2*9&1=4'/*(98_= T-.8= (4397.':9.43= 89:).*8= 9-*= &7(-&*42&1&(414,.(&1= *;.)*3(*= 2&7.3*= &3)= 9*77*897.&1= 2411:8(8= .3= 9-.8= ':7.&1= (&;*= +742= ).S=*7*39= 54.398= 4+= ;.*
T-_P0 ADAPTIVE=RADIATION=OF=NERITOID=GASTROPODSa=TRANSITIONS= BETWEEN=MARINE=AND=FRESHWATER=ENVIRONMENTS=IN=THE= ONTOGENETIC=CYCLE=AND=PAST=EVOLUTIONARY=HISTORY H.74&0.=F:0:247.+`,`=Y&8:347.=K&34, +D*5&792*39=4+=N&9:7&1=E3;.7432*39&1=S9:).*8`=G7&):&9*=S(-441=4+=F7439.*7=S(.*3(*8`=T-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+= T40>4`=/8+8/=K&8-.<&34-&`=K&8-.<&`=C-.'&=,1182/0+`=J&5&3=-.74+ 3*3;_0_:8940>4_&(_/5= ,D*5&792*39=4+=M&7.3*=E(48>89*28=D>3&2.(8`=A92485-*7*=&3)=O(*&3=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=T-*=U3.;*78.9>= 4+=T40>4`=/8+8/=K&8-.<&34-&`=K&8-.<&`=C-.'&=,1182/0.`=J&5&3=0&34 &47._:8940>4_&(_/5= T-*=97&38.9.43=+742=2&7.3*=94=+7*8-<&9*7=-&'.9&98=.8=43*=4+=9-*=2489=8.,3.Q=(&39=89*58=.3= &3.2&1=*;41:9.43_==T-*=N*7.94.)*&=&7*=(42243=&3)=).;*78*=2*2'*78=4+=9-*=,&897454)= 8:5*747)*7=N*7.9.2475-&=.3=74(0>=8-47*8`=8*&,7&88='*)8`=8:'2&7.3*=(&;*8=&3)=)**58 ABSTRACTS ++3
8*&= ->)749-*72&1= ;*398= &3)= (41)= 8**58`= &8= <*11= &8= .3= 2&3,74;*= 8<&258`= *89:&7.*8`= 7.;*78`=897*&28=&3)=1&0*8_==I39*7*89.3,1>`=&=57*;.4:8=5->14,*3*9.(=7*(43897:(9.43=4+=9-.8= 8:5*7+&2.1>='&8*)=43=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78=8:,,*89*)=2:19.51*=-&'.9&9=97&38.9.438= +742=2&7.3*=94=+7*8-<&9*7`=&19-4:,-=9-*=74':893*88=4+=9-*=97**=945414,>=<&8=349=9*89*)= &3)=9-*=-.8947>=4+=9-*.7=7&).&9.43=-&8=7*2&.3*)=1&7,*1>=*1:8.;*_ H*7*=<*=57*8*39=&=(4257*-*38.;*`=<*1188:55479*)=5->14,*3>=4+=N*7.94.)*&='&8*)=43= T- +4:7=,*3*=8*6:*3(*8=/=0'5=.3=949&1=+742=&5574=.2&9*1>=0*=85*(.*8=7*57*8*39.3,=2489= *=9&39=,*3*7&=.3=N*7.9.)&*`=P-*3&(41*5&).)&*=&3)=N*7.9.1..)&*_==B&>*8.&3=&3)=1.0*1.-44)= 7*(43897:(9.43= 349= 431>= (43Q=728= 9-*= 7*5*&9*)= .3;&8.438= 4+= +7*8-<&9*7= '>= 2&7.3*= &3(*89478=':9=&184=8:,,*89*)=2:19.51*=7*.3;&8.438=4+=9-*=8*&=+742=1.23.(=-&'.9&98_==A= ;*7>=51&:8.'1*=*=51&3&9.43=+47=8:(-=+7*6:*39=&3)=:3:8:&1=-&'.9&9=8-.V=8=.8=9-*=*:7>-&1.3*= 3&9:7*=4+=2489=1.23.(=3*7.94.)8=.3=9-*.7=&25-.)7424:8=1.+*=(>(1*a=-&9(-*)=1&7;&*=&7*= 8<*59=)4<3897*&2=94=9-*=8*&=&3)=2*9&2475-48*)=/:;*3.1*8=8*=1*=&9=7.;*7=24:9-8=&3)= 9-*3=2.,7&9*=:5897*&2_==M475-414,.(&1=&3)=4394,*3*9.(=97&.98=9-&9=<4:1)='*=&)&59.;*= .3=&25-.)742>=-&;*=&184='**3=&(6:.7*)=.3=5&7&11*1_==T-*=2489=897.0.3,=(&8*=(43(*738= +4:7=.3)*5*3)*39=1488*8=4+=8-*11=(4.1.3,=&3)=+:3(9.43&1=45*7(:1:2=94='*=*7=+&(.1.9&9*= :5897*&2= 2.,7&9.43`= 7*8:19.3,= .3= 9-*= 3*&78.)*39.(&1= &55*&7&3(*= 4+= 9-*= 541>5->1*9.(= S*59&7.&_= = O:7= ,14'&1= .3;*89.,&9.43= 43= 9-*= 8*=1*2*39= 8.?*= 4+= 3*7.94.)= 51&30949745-8= 7*;*&1*)=85*(.Q=(=8.?*=7&3,*8=+47=.3).;.):&1=(1&)*8=9-&9=&7*=:8*+:1=.3=(1&88.+>.3,=+488.18`= &19-4:,-=9<4=&25-.)7424:8=1.3*&,*8=<*7*=+4:3)=94=-&;*=.3)*5*3)*391>=&(6:.7*)=9-*= 82&11*89=8*=1*7=8.?*8`=57*8:2&'1>=94=7*):(*=574'&'.1.9>=4+=&'479.;*=).85*78&1=9-74:,-= 8-479*7= 2*9&2475-.(= (425*9*3(*= 9.2*= <-.1*= 7*9&.3.3,= &'.1.9>= 4+= 4((&8.43&1= 143,8 ).89&3(*=97.58=<.9-=&3=*=9*3)*)=)*1&>=5*7.4)_
T-_P1 DEVELOPMENT=AND=CHARACTERIZATION=OF=MICROSATTELITE=LOCI= FOR=THE=HARVESTED=LIMPETS=PATELLA=CANDEI=DORBIGNY`=+2-3=AND= PATELLA=ASPERA=RÖDING`=+132=USING=./.=SEQUENCING M&3:*1=R.;&8+`=J4D4=F&7.&+`,`=P*)74=R.'*.74-`=P&'14=P7*8&.`=G:89&;4=M&79.38+`,`= A3&=I_=N*94+`, +CIIMAR2CIMAR=8=I39*7).8(.51.3&7>=C*397*=4+=M&7.3*=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=R*8*&7(-`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P4794`= R:&=)48=B7&,&8=,23`=.*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1=2&3:145*?7.;&8 ,2&.1_(42= ,C*39*7=+47=R*8*&7(-=.3=N&9:7&1=R*84:7(*8=CIRN`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=A?47*8`=A5&79&)4=+.,,`= 3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&=A?47*8`=P479:,&1=/+&7.& :&(_59`=,2&79.38 :&(_59`=&3*94 :&(_59= -IMAR=&3)=D*5&792*39=4+=O(*&34,7&5->=&3)=F.8-*7.*8=DOP`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=A?47*8`=33*+820,=H479&= A?47*8`=P479:,&1=57.'*.74 :&(_59= .U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.,4`=D*5_=B.4(-*2.897>`=G*3*9.(8=&3)=I22:3414,>`=-0-+*=V.,4`=S5&.3=57*88& :;.,4_*8= T-*7*=.8=,74<.3,=(438*38:8=9-&9=&39-7454,*3.(=&(9.;.9.*8=&7*=.25&(9.3,=9-*=897:(9:7*= &3)=+:3(9.43.3,=4+=2&7.3*=*(48>89*28=&3)=9-&9=9-*8*=(&3=-&;*=574+4:3)=(422:3.9>8 1*;*1=*S=*(98`=5&79.(:1&71>=<-*3=9&7,*9.3,=0*>8943*=85*(.*8_=L.25*9=-&7;*89.3,=.3=A?47*8= NE=A91&39.(= -&8= '**3= 9&0.3,= 51&(*= 574'&'1>= 8.3(*= 9-*= .81&3)8= <*7*= Q=789= (4143.?*)_= T-*8*= 85*(.*8= &7*= -.,-1>= *=514.9*)= &3)= 9-*= 894(08= .3= 2489= .81&3)8= -&;*= )*(1.3*)= 89*&).1>=<.9-=(&9&89745-.(=*S=*(98=43=(4&89&1=(422:3.9.*8_=T-*>=&7*=&=14(&11>=.25479&39= 7*84:7(*=':9=&184=*(414,.(&11>=.25479&39=85*(.*8=&3)=7*6:.7*=57.47.9.?.3,=(438*7;&9.43= 897&9*,.*8_=S:(-=897&9*,.*8=8-4:1)='*=8:55479*)='>=7*1.&'1*=)&9&=43=9-*=897:(9:7*=&3)= )>3&2.(8=4+=9-*.7=545:1&9.438`=84=9-&9=*(414,.(&1=-4985498=&7*=.)*39.Q=*)=&3)=5749*(9*)_= C-&7&(9*7.?.3,=9-*=,*3*9.(=).;*78.9>=&3)=897:(9:7*=4+=2&7.3*=*=514.9*)=545:1&9.438=.8= +,* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
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`=&3)=&'4:9=,2=7*;*&1*)=94='*=541>2475-.(_= U8.3,=9-*=8&2*=574(*):7*`=&=949&1=4+=+*1=5&.78=4+=57.2*78=<*7*=;&1.)&9*)=+47=P_=(&3)*.= 4+=<-.(-=+/=9:73*)=4:9=94='*=541>2475-.(_=T-*8*=34;*1=,*3*9.(=2&70*78=(&3='*=:8*)=94= 89:)>=9-*=545:1&9.43=,*3*9.(=897:(9:7*=&3)=*;41:9.43&7>=-.8947>=4+='49-=5&9*11.)=85*(.*8= *_,_=1*;*18=4+=,*3*9.(=;&7.&'.1.9>=<.9-.3=&3)='*9<**3=545:1&9.438`=&3)=9-:8=94=(4397.':9*= +47=894(0=(438*7;&9.43=&3)=2&3&,*2*39=&143,=9-*.7=).897.':9.43&1=&7*&_=
T-_P2 MOLECULAR=SYSTEMATICS=AND=EVOLUTION=OF=THE=HELICOIDEA= GASTROPODA`=STYLOMMATOPHORA=OF=THE=WESTERN=PALEARCTIC B*3/&2c3=J_=G2*?8M41.3*7+`=O.-&3&=R&?0.3+`=C&7148=P7.*94,`=A1'*794=M&79.3*?8O79c-`= B*3.94=M:4?.`=J48S=R_=A77S'41&/`=M =J48S=M&)*.7&+ +D*59_=Z4414,c&b=F&(:19&)=)*=F&72&(.&`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*1=P&c8=V&8(4`=P&8*4=)*=1&=U3.;*78.)&)=3 =1`= *+**08=V.947.&`=S5&.3='*3/&2c3_,42*? *-:_*8`=4.-&3&_7&?0.3 *-:_*8=2&7.&/48*_2&)*.7& *-:_*8= ,D*59_=Z4414,.&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=>=T*(3414,c&`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*1=P&c8=V&8(4`=B&77.4=S&77.*3&=823= .23.*8=L*.4&`=S5&.3=(&7148_57.*94 *-:_*8= -M:8*:=V&1*3(.A=)H.8947.&=N&9:7&1`=LH479=)*=F*1.:8A1,.3*9`=A5)4_=2.0*`=.0*+2=V&1*3(.&`= S5&.3=&3)=D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z4414,c&_=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=B.41,.(&8`=U3.;*78.9&9=)*=V&1T3(.&======&1'*794_2&79.3*? :;_*8= .=D*59_=B.414,c&=A3.2&1=+`=F&(:19&)=B.414,c&`=U3.;*78.)&)=C4251:9*38*=)*=M&)7.)`=S5&.3======9.942: '.4_:(2_*8= /D*59_=F.8.414,c&=>=Z4414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=B.414,c&`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=S*;.11&`=(2=P74+*847=G&7(c&=G43?@1*?=823`= .+*+,8S*;.11&`=S5&.3=2&89:8 :8_*8= T-*=H*1.(4.)*&`=R&Q=3*86:*`=+2+/`=.8=9-*=2489=).;*78*=,74:5=4+=9-*=9*77*897.&1=2411:8(8=4+=9-*= W*89*73=P&1&*&7(9.(`=<.9-=.98=).897.':9.43=(*39*7='*.3,=14(&9*)=.3=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3=7*,.43= <-*7*=.9=14(&11>=(&3=7*57*8*39=247*=9-&3=-&1+=4+=9-*=2411:8(&3='.4).;*78.9>_=I9=(439&.38=8*;*7&1= +&2.1.*8=&3)=,*3*7&=4+=:3(*79&.3=5->14,*3*9.(=7*1&9.438-.58_ T-*= (1&88.Q=(&9.43= 4+= 9-*= H*1.(4.)*&= .8= 2&.31>= '&8*)= 43= 9-*= 2475-414,>= 4+= 8-*11= &3)= 7*574):(9.;*=8>89*2`=':9=9-*7*=&7*=89.11=842*=(43974;*78.*8='*9<**3=9-*=2&.3=(1&88.Q=(&9.43= 8>89*28_=I3=&)).9.43=9-*=&3&1>8.8=4+=9-*=5488.'1*=<&>8=4+=*;41:9.43=<.9-.3=9-*=H*1.(4.)*&= 7*6:.7*8=49-*7=84:7(*8=4+=.3+472&9.43_=I3=9-.8=<470=<*=&7*=:8.3,=9-*=241*(:1&7=9*(-3.6:*8= 94=574,7*88=.3=9-*=7*841:9.43=4+=9-*=9&=4342>`=5->14,*3>`=&3)=*;41:9.43=4+=9-.8=.39*7*89.3,= ,74:5_= T-*=2&.3=4'/*(9.;*8=4+=9-.8=<470=<*7*=94=)*9*72.3*=9-*=5->14,*3*9.(=7*1&9.438-.58='*9<**3= 9-*=,*3*7&=).897.':9*)=9-74:,-4:9=9-*=W*89*73=P&1*&7(9.(`=&8=<*11=&8=94=(1&7.+>=9-*=5->14,*3*9.(= 7*1&9.438-.58= '*9<**3= 842*= 4+= 9-*= <471)<.)*= ).897.':9*)= +&2.1.*8_= W*= &184= 89:).*)= 9-*= *;41:9.43=4+=8*;*7&1=47,&38=:8*)=*=9*38.;*1>=94=9-*=(1&88.Q=(&9.43=4+=9-*=H*1.(4.)*&_= W*= 8-4<= 9-*= 7*8:198= 4+= 9-*= &3&1>8.8= 4+= +,+= 85*(.*8= '*143,.3,= 94= 3= +&2.1.*8= S5-.3(9*74(-.1.)&*`= E143.)&*`= H*1.(4)439.)&*`= T7.88*=4)439.)&*`= H>,742..)&*`= H*1.(.)&*`=B7&)>'&*3.)&*=&3)=H:2'41)9.&3.)&*_=O3*=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*3*=+0S=7RNA= ABSTRACTS +,+
&3)=43*=3:(1*&7=,*3*=+7&,2*39=/_2S=8=ITS,=8=,2S=7RNA=<*7*=8*1*(9*)=+47=9-.8=89:)>=.3= 47)*7=94=(425&7*=9-*=3*<=8*6:*3(*8=<.9-=9-48*=4'9&.3*)=57*;.4:81>='>=49-*7=&:9-478_= T-*=;&1.).9>=4+=9-*=9&=&=(438.)*7*)=.3=9-*=2&.3=(1&88.Q=(&9.43=8>89*28=<*7*=(4397&89*)= <.9-=9-*=5->14,*3*9.(=97**=4'9&.3*)_=AV=*7<&7)8`=<*=:8*)=9-*=5->14,*3*9.(=.3+472&9.43= 94=*;&1:&9*=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+=).S=*7*39=47,&38=4+=9-*=7*574):(9.;*=8>89*2`=.3(1:).3,=9-*= +4114<.3,a=).;*79.(:1:2=4+=':78&=(45:1&97.=`=)&79=8&(=<.9-=)&79`=&((*8847>=8&(`=2:(4:8= T- ,1&3)8`=&8=<*11=&8=9-*=7*1&9.438-.5=4+=9-*=4(:1&7=7*97&(947=2:8(1*=&3)=,*3.9&1=8>89*2_=
T-_P3 PHYLOGENY=OF=PALAEOZOIC=GASTROPODS=INFERRED=FROM=THEIR= ONTOGENYa=HOW=MANY=HIGHER8LEVEL=CLADES=LIVED=DURING= PALAEOZOIC=ERA J.$c=F7>)& F&(:19>=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*8`=C?*(-=U3.;*78.9>=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=P7&,:*`=K&2>(0@=+,3`=+0/= ,+=P7&-&=0=:=S:(-)41`=&3)=C?*(-=G*414,.(&1=S:7;*>`=P_O_B_=2/`=++2=,+=P7&,:*=+`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(======'*11*745-43 8*?3&2_(? G&897454)8=&7*=349=431>=43*=4+=9-*=2489=).;*78*=,74:58=4+=1.;.3,=&3.2&18=4((:7.3,=.3= 2&7.3*`=+7*8-<&9*7=&8=<*11=&8=9*77*897.&1=*3;.7432*398`=':9=&184=-&;*=&=7.(-=+488.1=7*(47)= *=9*3).3,='&(0=94=9-*=C&2'7.&3_=B*(&:8*=&=9-.7)=4+=&11=,&897454)=+&2.1.*8=&7*=*=9.3(9`= :3)*789&3).3,= 4+= ,&897454)= *;41:9.43= &3)= 5->14,*3>= 3*(*88&7.1>= .3;41;*8= 89:)>= 4+= '49-=+488.1=&3)=1.;.3,=85*(.*8_=K34<1*),*=4+=9-*=1&=*7=(&3='*=4'9&.3*)=+742=&3&942.(&1`= 2475-414,.(`=&3)=241*(:1&7=)&9&`=':9=+47=*=9.3(9=+4728=;.79:&11>=9-*=431>=)&9&=84:7(*= .8=9-*=8-*11b=9>5.(&11>=.9=57*8*398=:8=<.9-=+*<=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8_=F47='49-=1.;.3,=&3)=+488.1= ,&897454)8`=*1:(.)&9.43=4+=4394,*3.(=897&9*,.*8=.8=4+=57.2*=.25479&3(*=.3=:3)*789&3).3,= 9-*=-.,-81*;*1=5->14,*3>=4+=9-.8=*34724:81>=).;*78*=,74:5_=T-*=&3&1>8.8=4+=P&1&*4?4.(= ,&897454)8=57*8*39*)=-*7*=7*1.*8=-*&;.1>=43=4394,*3.*8='&8*)=43=8-*11=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8_= I9=.8=&7,:*)=9-&9=9-*8*=7*8:198=(447).3&9*=<*11=<.9-=5->14,*3.*8=4+=1.;.3,=,&897454)8= .3+*77*)=+742=9-*=<.)*7=&,,7*,&9*=4+=&3&942.(&1`=2475-414,.(&1`=&3)=241*(:1&7=)&9&_= O3=9-*=49-*7=-&3)`=9-*=&3&1>8.8=-&8=-.,-1.,-9*)=574'1*28=<.9-=5:'1.8-*)=5->14,*3.*8= 4+=1.;.3,=,&897454)8=&3)`=247*4;*7`=-&8=574):(*)=*;.)*3(*=+47=9-*=*=.89*3(*=4+=8*;*7&1= 47)*787&30=&3)=143,81&89.3,=,&897454)=1.3*&,*8=+472.3,=&3=.25479&39=5&79=4+=P&1&*4?4.(= ,&897454)=+&:3&8=':9=<-.(-=+&.1*)=94=(7488=9-*=P*72.&3:T7.&88.(='4:3)&7>_=C1*&71>`=+47= :3)*789&3).3,= 9-*= 5->14,*3>= 4+= 9-*= G&897454)&`= .9= .8= .25*7&9.;*= 9-&9= 9-*= -.8947>= 4+= +488.1=,&897454)=(1&)*8='*=.3(1:)*)_
T-_P+* MITOCHONDRIAL=GENOMES=OF=EIGHT=SPECIES=IN=VETIGASTROPODA= MOLLUSCAa=GASTROPODA H8.3=L**+`=W*.8J*3=C-*3+`=S&7&-=S&2&).,`=C-&3,8F*3,=D&.+ +I389.9:9*=4+=O(*&34,7&5->`=N&9.43&1=T&.<&3=U3.;*78.9>`=N4_=+`=S*(_=.`=R448*;*19=R4&)`=T&.5*.`= +*0+1=T&.<&3=1**-8.3_9< ,2&.1_(42`=89*2&9.6:*=]=E;41:9.43`=M:8*:2=N&9.43&1=)H.894.7*=N&9:7*11*=/1=R:*=C:;.*7`=1/,-+= P&7.8`=F7&3(*=S&7&- 23-3_+7 M.94(-43)7.&1=DNA=8*6:*3(*8=-&;*='**3=(422431>=:8*)=.3=9-*=89:).*8=4+=241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3*9.(8=&3)=*;41:9.43&7>='.414,>_=T-*=,*3*=47)*7=4+=29DNA=.3=&3.2&1=0.3,)42= +,, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
.8= ,*3*7&11>= (438*7;*)= &9= -.,-= 9&=4342.(= 1*;*18= ':9= (&3= '*= 842*<-&9= ;&7.&'1*= &(7488= 9&=&= .3= M411:8(&_= G*3*= 47)*7= ;&7.&9.43= 2&>= 574;.)*= :8*+:1= 5->14,*3*9.(= .3+472&9.43=+47=7*841;.3,=*;41:9.43&7>=7*1&9.438-.58=4+=9-*=)**5='7&3(-.3,=1.3*&,*8= <.9-.3= 9&=&_= T-*= V*9.,&897454)&`= 43*= 4+= 9-*= 2411:80= 47)*78`= .8= &= -.,-1>= ).;*78*= ,74:5=(439&.3.3,=9-4:8&3)8=4+=1.;.3,=85*(.*8_=I98=5->14,*3>=.8=89.11=54471>=7*841;*)= T- &3)=2.94,*342.(8=)4*8=349='7.3,=)*(.8.;*=.38.,-98='*&(:8*=431>=0=(4251*9*=29= ,*342*8='*143,.3,=94=-=+&2.1.*8=-&;*='**3=)*9*72.3*)=:5=94=34<_=I3=9-.8=89:)>`= 143,=PCR=&3)=57.2*7=<&10.3,=2*9-4)=<*7*=:8*)=94=&(6:.7*=9-*=<-41*=29=,*342*8= 4+=2=&)).9.43&1=;*9.,&897454)8`=.3(1:).3,=9<4=T:7'.3.)&*=85*(.*8`=L:3*11&=,7&3:1&9&= G2*1.3`= +13+`= A897&1.:2= -&*2&97&,:2= M*30*`= +2,3`= 9<4= T74(-.)&*= 85*(.*8`= C-14748942&= &7,>748942&= G2*1.3`= +13+`= O25-&1.:8= 3.,*77.2&= G2*1.3`= +13+`= 43*= A3,&7..)&*= 85*(.*8`= A3,&7.&= )*15-.3:8=L.33&*:8`=+1/2`=43*=S942&9*11.)&*=85*(.*8`= S942&9*11&= 51&3:1&9&= L&2&7(0`= +2+0`= 43*= P1*:74942&7..)&*= 85*(.*8`= P*74974(-:8= -.7&8*.=P.18'7>`=+3*-`=&3)=43*=F.88:7*11.)&*=85*(.*8`=V&7.*2&7,.3:1&=5:3(9&9&=A)&28`= +2/,_=T-*=8.?*=4+=9-*8*=29=,*342*8=.8=&5574=.2&9*1>=+-`.1/=:=+3`//.='5=&3)=*&(-= 29=(439&.38=+-=5749*.38(4).3,=,*3*8`=,=7.'4842&1=RNA8=&3)=,+=94=,,=97&38+*7=RNA8_= T-*=,*3*=47)*7=4+=9-*8*=*.,-9=29=,*342*8=<&8=(425&7*)=<.9-=49-*78=5:'1.8-*)= ;*9.,&897454)=29=,*342*8`=2&.31>=+742=9-*=+&2.1>=H&1.49.)&*_=T-*=5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8*8=<*7*=&184=(43):(9*)=94=574;.)*=&=3*<=5*785*(9.;*=43=9-*=7*1&9.438-.58= &243,=9-*=2&.3=1.3*&,*8=4+=9-.8=,74:5_=Y*9`=247*=,&897454)=29=,*342.(=)&9&=&7*= 3**)*)= +47= &= '*99*7= :3)*789&3).3,= 43= 9-*= ,&897454)= 2.94(-43)7.&1= *;41:9.43`= *85*(.&11>=<.9-.3=9-*=V*9.,&897454)&_
T-_P++ MOLECULAR=PHYLOGENY=AND=REVISION=OF=AUSTRALIAN= MELO=SPECIES=VOLUTIDAE N*7.)&=G_=W.1843+`=A11&3=L.25:8,`=J4-3=M_=H*&1>- +A:897&1.&3=M:8*:2`=0=C411*,*=S9`=S>)3*>`=NSW=,*+*=AUS=3*7.)&_<.1843 &:892:8_,4;_&:= ,0=M(K*<*3=S9`=B:3)&'*7,`=QLD=.01*=AUS=&81.25:8 95,_(42_&:= -Q:**381&3)=M:8*:2`=PO=B4==--**`=S4:9-=B7.8'&3*`=QLD=.+*+=AUS=/4-3_-*&1> 62_61)_,4;_&: V41:9.)&*=+742=9-*=,*3:8=M*14=&7*=(422431>=034<3=&8=B&1*7=47=B&.1*7=8-*118_=T-.8= )*7.;*8=+742=9-*=+:3(9.43=9-*>=+:1+.11*)=+47=842*=.3).,*34:8=5*451*8`=&8=)*;.(*8=94= 7*24;*=<&9*7=+742=(&34*8_=I3=A:897&1.&=9-*>=<*7*=&184=57.?*)=&8=<&9*7=-41)*78=&3)= +47=+&8-.43.3,=8-*11=(7&+9=(*7*243.&1=:8*_=W-41*=8-*118=47=5.*(*8=-&;*='**3=97&)*)= +47=-:3)7*)8=4+=2.1*8=.31&3)_=M*14=85*(.*8=&7*=+4:3)=43=9-*=(4&89=4+=&12489=&11=4+= A:897&1.&`=*=(*59=NSW`=*&89*73=V.(947.&=&3)=T&82&3.&_=T-*>=(&3=7*&(-=;*7>=1&7,*= 8.?*8=4;*7=.*(2`=&3)=9-*=8-*118=&7*=;*7>=;&7.&'1*=.3=(-&7&(9*78=8:(-=&8=(414:7=&3)= 8-4:1)*7=85.3*=*=9*38.438_=T-*7*=&7*=:3(43+.72*)=7*54798=4+=->'7.).?&9.43=4((:77.3,= '*9<**3=85*(.*8=.3=7*,.438=8:(-=&8=S-&70=B&>`=WA=&3)=H*7;*>=B&>`=QLD_=W*=&7*= :8.3,= 2.94(-43)7.&1= ,*3*8= COI= &3)= +0S`= &3)= 9-*= 3:(1*&7=ADP2ATP= 97&3814(&8*= ,*3*= 94= :3)*789&3)= 9-*= 7*1&9.438-.58= &243,= M*14=85*(.*8_=T-.8=<470=<.11=&88.89= )*1.2.9.3,=&3)=.)*39.+>.3,=85*(.*8=&3)=9-*.7=).897.':9.438`=&3)=:3)*789&3).3,=-4<= ;&7.&'1*=842*=4+=9-*=(-&7&(9*78=(:77*391>=:8*)=94=.)*39.+>=85*(.*8=(&3='*_ ABSTRACTS +,-
T*-_P+, VERTICAL=TRANSMISSION=OF=BACTERIAL=SYMBIONTS= IN=THE=FAMILY=ASTARTIDAE=BIVALVIA C&72*3=S&1&8+`=P&'14=M&7.3&,`=J:&3=)*=D.48=B:*34-`=M&7.&=J48S=M&79.3*?.`= / A3943.4=C-*(& T- +D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=M@1&,&`=,3*1+8M@1&,&`=S5&.3= (&8&34;& :2&_*8`='.414,.&2&7.3& :2&_*8 -L&'47&947.4=)*=P7*5&7&(.3=)*=M:*897&8=B.41,.(&8`=C*3974=)*=I3897:2*39&(.3=C.*39cQ=(&`= U3.;*78.)&)=)*=G7&3&)&`=(2=P74+*847=J:&3=O847.4=823`=+2*1+=G7&3&)&`=S5&.3=152' :,7_*8 .C*3974=)*=I3897:2*39&(.3=C.*39cQ=(&`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=G7&3&)&`=(2=P74+*847=J:&3=O847.4=823`= +2*1+=G7&3&)&`=S5&.3=9*23*, :,7_*8 +D*5&79&2*394=)*=E897&9.,7&+c&=>=P&1*439414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=G7&3&)&`= +2*1+8G7&3&)&`=S5&.3=&(-*(& :2&_*8 T-*=5*7.4897&(:2=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=+742=9-*=+&2.1>=A89&79.)&*=.8=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=-&;.3,=&= 5.=*)=8:7+&(*_=T-*=57*8*3(*=4+='&(9*7.&=.38.)*=9-*=5.98=-&8='**3=57*;.4:81>=7*5479*)=+47= D.,.9&7.&=).,.9&7.&=L_`=+1/2=&3)=9-.8=8**28=94='*=9-*=,*3*7&1=7:1*=+47=9-*=49-*7=,*3*7&=4+= 9-*=+&2.1>_=I3=47)*7=94=(-*(0=9-*=7*1&9.438-.5='*9<**3=9-*='&(9*7.&=&3)=9-*='.;&1;*8`=<*= 89:).*)=9-*=5&9-<&>=4+=97&382.88.43=:8.3,=8*2.89-.3=8*(9.438=&3)=97&382.88.43=*1*(9743= 2.(748(45>_=T-*=57*8*3(*=4+='&(9*7.&=.38.)*='&(9*7.4(>9*8=.38.)*=9-*=,43&)8=4+=D.,.9&7.&= ).,.9&7.&=&3)=A89&79*=(+_=:3)&9&=G4:1)`=+2.+=-&8='**3=4'8*7;*)_=I3=G44)&11.&=97.&3,:1&7.8= M439&,:`=+2*-`=&='744).3,=85*(.*8`=9-*='&(9*7.&=&55*&7=.38.)*=9-*=44(>9*_=T-*8*=7*8:198= 54.39= 4:9= &3= *3)48>2'.48.8`= &= 2:9:&11>= 4'1.,&9*= &884(.&9.43= .3= <-.(-= 9-*= 8>2'.49.(= '&(9*7.&= &7*= 2&9*73&11>= 97&38+*77*)_= T-.8= .8= &88:2*)= 94= .3;41;*= (48*;41:9.43&7>= .39*7&(9.438_
T-_P+- ON=THE=PHYLOGENETIC=POSITION=OF=THE=ENIGMATIC= ABYSSOCHRYSOIDEA=GASTROPODA D&;.)=O8(&`=J48S=T*251&)4`=R&+&*1=Z&7)4>& M:8*4N&(.43&1=)*=C.*3(.&8N&9:7&1*8`=J48S=G:9.S77*?=A'&8(&1=,`=,2**0`=M&)7.)`=S5&.3======)&;.)48(& 23(3_(8.(_*8`=9*251&)4 23(3_(8.(_*8`=7&+&? 23(3_(8.(_*8= I3=+323`=&=F7*3(-=*=5*).9.43=.3=S4:9-<*89=P&(.Q=(=+4:3)=2&7.3*=83&.18=1.;.3,=&9=)*59-8= &74:3)=,***=21.30*)=94=->)749-*72&1=;*398_=I9=<&8=&=8:757.8*)=9-&9=9-*8*=2&7.3*=83&.18= 8-4<*)=7&9-*7=).89.3(9=2475-414,.*8=&3)=<*7*=.3.9.&11>=7*(4,3.?*)=&8=C&*34,&897454)&= <.9-= :3(*79&.3= 5->14,*3*9.(= 548.9.43_= A9= 57*8*39`= 9-*8*= ,&897454)8= &7*= &88.,3*)= 94= 9-*= 8:5*7+&2.1>= A'>884(-7>84.)*&`= <-.(-= .3(1:)*8= 9<4= +&2.1.*8`= P74;&33.)&*= &3)= A'>884(7>8.)&*= <.9-= /= &3)= ,= 1.;.3,= ,*3*7&`= 7*85*(9.;*1>_= P7*;.4:8= 89:).*8= 51&(*= 9-*= ,74:5= ;&7.4:81>= 4:98.)*= H>584,&897454)&= '&8*)= 43= 2475-414,>= 47= &8= 8.89*7= ,74:5= 4+= L.=47.3.)&*= '&8*)= 43= 2.94(-43)7.&1= +0S= ,*3*_= T-:8`= 9-*.7= *=&(9= 5->14,*3*9.(= 7*1&9.438-.58=<.9-.3=C&*34,&897454)&=7*2&.3=:3(1*&7_=I3=9-.8=89:)>`=<*=8*6:*3(*)=9-*= (4251*9*=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*342*=4+=I+7*2*7.&=3&:9.1*.=P74;&33.)&*`=.3=47)*7=94=*1:(.)&9*= 9-*=7*1&9.;*=5->14,*3*9.(=548.9.43=4+=A'>884(-7>84.)*&=<.9-.3=,&897454)8_ W*= 8*6:*3(*)= &3)= &88*2'1*)= 9-*= 2.94(-43)7.&1= ,*342*= 4+= I_= 3&:9.1*.= :8.3,= N*=9= G*3*7&9.43= S*6:*3(.3,= I11:2.3&_= T-*= ,*3*= 47)*7= <&8= (425&7*)= 94= ,*342*= 47,&3.?&9.43=4+=49-*7=+.7*5479*)=,&897454)=2.94,*342*8='*143,.3,=94=N*7.9.2475-&`= V*9.,&897454)&`= P&9*114,&897454)&`= C&*34,&897454)&= &3)= H*9*74'7&3(-.&`= &3)= &= +,. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
(*5-&1454)=29=,*342*_=T-*=,*3*=47)*7=&77&3,*2*39=.8=9>5.(&1=4+=&=C&*34,&897454)&`= ).S=*7.3,= .3= 9-*= 548.9.43= 4+= 9-*= 973W,*3*= <.9-= 7*85*(9= 94= R.884.)*&`= T4334.)*&= &3)= M:7.(4.)*&_=P->14,*3*9.(=&3&1>8*8='&8*)=43=(43(&9*3&9*)=5749*.38(4).3,=,*3*8=&9=9-*= &2.34= &(.)= 1*;*1= 3*89*)= I_= 3&:9.1*.= )**5= <.9-.3= H>584,&897454)&= &3)= (148*1>= 7*1&9*)= 94= R.884.)*&`= T4334.)*&`= C434.)*&`= &3)= M:7.(4.)*&_= A)).9.43&1= &3&1>8*8= :8.3,= T- (43(&9*3&9*)=3:(1*&7=,*3*8=7*(4;*7*)=8.2.1&7=7*8:198_
T-_P+. HELIX=STRAMINEA=:= A=FORGOTTEN=ESCARGOT=WITH=TRANSADRIATIC=DISTRIBUTION O3)$*/=K47@'*0+`=A)&2=P*97:8*0,`=L:(.*=J:$.N04;@+ +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=C-&71*8=U3.;*78.9>=.3=P7&,:*`=V.3.N3@=1`=CZ8+,2=..=P7&-&`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(`= 43)7*/_047&'*0 ,2&.1_(42`=1:(.*_/:7.(04;& 8*?3&2_(? ,D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>`=C-&71*8=U3.;*78.9>=.3=P7&,:*`=V.3.N3@=1`=CZ8+,2=..=P7&-&`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(`= &)&2_5*97:8*0 3&9:7_(:3._(?= H*1.= =L.33&*:8`=+1/2=.8=&=,*3:8=4+=1&7,*=1&3)=83&.18=).;*78*=.3=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3=7*,.43_= A19-4:,-= .9= .8= 574'&'1>= 9-*= 2489= +&2.1.&7= E:745*&3= 83&.1`= .9= -&8= 89.11= &3= :38*=1*)= 9&=4342>_= O3*= 4+= 9-*= 574'1*2&9.(= 9&=&= .8= 9-*= <.)*1>= ).897.':9*)= &3)= *(4342.(&11>= .25479&39=H*1.==1:(47:2=L.33&*:8`=+1/2_=T-*=85*(.*8=.8=(43(-414,.(&11>=;*7>=;&7.&'1*`= <.9-= 2&3>= )*8(7.'*)= 8>343>28_= I3= I9&1>= 9<4= (43(-414,.(&11>= ).89.3(9= +4728= 2&>= '*= *3(4:39*7*)=:3)*7=9-.8=3&2*_=W-*7*&8=&=9>5.(&1=H_=1:(47:2=1.;*8=.3=9-*=3479-=4+=9-*= (4:397>`= 9-*= +472= +742= (*397&1= &3)= 84:9-*73= I9&1>= .8= ).S=*7*39_= I9= -&)= '**3= )*8(7.'*)= &8= H*1.== 897&2.3*&= B7.,&39.`= +2,/= ':9= 1&9*7= .9= <&8= 8>343>2.?*)= <.9-= H_= 1:(47:2_= C43(-414,.(&1>=.9=7*8*2'1*8=9-*=B&10&3=85*(.*8=H_=;1&).(&=K4'*19`=+232=.389*&)=4+=H_= 1:(47:2`=).S=*7.3,=+742=9-*=1&=*7='>=1&7,*7=57494(43(-=&3)=(4147&9.43=5&=*73_=T4=9*89= 9-*=->549-*8.8=9-&9=H_=897&2.3*&=.8=&=;&1.)=85*(.*8`=&3)=94=*;&1:&9*=.98=7*1&9.438-.5=94= 842*=49-*7=85*(.*8=+742=I9&1>=&3)=9-*=B&10&38`=<*=-&;*=:8*)=+0S=&3)=COI=5->14,*3>= &3)=&=8-*1188-&5*=&3&1>8.8_=A((47).3,=94=4:7=7*8:198`=H*1.==897&2.3*&=.8=&=8*5&7&9*=85*(.*8= :37*1&9*)= 94= H_= 1:(47:2_= H*1.== ;1&).(&= .8= &= /:3.47= 8>343>2= 4+= H_= 897&2.3*&`= &3)= 9<4= 574'1*2&9.(=B&10&3=9&=&`=H_=;41*38.8=K4'*19`=+3*0=&3)=H_=;&7)&7.(&=K3.55*7`=+3-3`=&7*= &184=1.0*1>=8>343>24:8=<.9-=H_=897&2.3*&=43=9-*='&8.8=4+=8-*11=(-&7&(9*78_=T-*=85*(.*8=.8= 2475-414,.(&11>=;&7.&'1*=':9=.9=(&3='*=7*1.&'1>=.)*39.Q=*)='&8*)=841*1>=43=(43(-414,.(&1= (-&7&(9*78_=I9=.8=(43(-414,.(&11>=84=).89.3(9=9-&9=<*=(4:1)=:8*=5-494,7&5-8=&;&.1&'1*=43= <*'=5&,*8=&243,=9-*=84:7(*8=<-*3=&88*88.3,=.98=7&3,*_=H*1.==897&2.3*&=-&8=&=).8/:3(9.;*= 97&38&)7.&9.(= 7&3,*`= &3)= .9= .8= 349= (148*1>= 7*1&9*)= 94= &3>= 49-*7= I9&1.&3=H*1.=_= I98= (148*89= 7*1&9.;*8=&7*=+4:3)=.3=9-*=<*89*73=B&10&38`=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=-&5149>5*=,74:58=.3).(&9*= &=5488.'1*=(4143.8&9.43=4+=9-*=A5*33.3*8=+742=9-*=84:9-=&(7488=9-*=A)7.&9.(=S*&_ ABSTRACTS +,/
T-_P+/ MOLECULAR=PHYLOGENY=OF=THE=GENUS=XEROCRASSA= IN=THE=BALEARIC=ISLANDS L:.8=J_=C-:*(&+`=A2&.&=C&74+`=F47S8=M&=.2.34,`=M =J48S=M&)*.7&+`= + B*3/&2c3=J_=G2*?8M41.3*7 T- +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>=&3)=A3.2&1=C*11=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=B&86:*=C4:397>=UPV2EHU`=P&8*4= )*=1&=U3.;*78.)&)=1`=*+**0=V.947.&8G&89*.?`=S5&.3=1:.8/&;.*7_(-:*(& *-:_*8,=&(&74**/ ,2&.1_(42,= 2&7.&/48*_2&)*.7& *-:_*8,='*3/&2.3_,42*? *-:_*8 ,C2=-+=)*=D.(.*2'7*`=-0=Á9.(4=, `=*1**.`=P&12&=)*=M&1147(&`=S5&.3=+47*8,&884 9*1*+43.(&_3*9 X*74(7&88&=M439*748&94`=+23,`=.8=&=,*3:8=<.)*1>=).897.':9*)=.3=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3=&7*&`= <.9-=8*;*7&1=85*(.*8=*3)*2.(=94=9-*=B&1*&7.(=I81&3)8_=I9=.8=57*8*39=.3=&11=9-*=2&.3=.81&3)8= 4+= 9-*= &7(-.5*1&,4a= M&/47(&`= M.347(&`= I'.?&= &3)= F472*39*7&`= &3)= .9= .8= &184= 57*8*39= 43= 842*= 82&11= .81*98= 4+= 9-.8= &7(-.5*1&,4_= C:77*391>`=9-*7*= &7*= (438.)*7*)= &8= 2&3>= &8= +*=85*(.*8=<.9-=,,=8:'85*(.*8a=9<4=85*(.*8=1.;.3,=.3=M.347(&`=&349-*7=Q=;*=<.9-=3.3*= 8:'85*(.*8= .3= M&/47(&= &3)= 9-7**= 247*= .3= I'.?&8F472*39*7&= <.9-= &9= 1*&89= 9-.79**3= 8:'85*(.*8_=T<4=2&.3=8-*11=+4728=(&3='*=7*(4,3.?*)=.3=9-*8*=85*(.*8`=.=9-*=+472=4+=9-*= G>23*8.&8=R=&=*3*)=<.9-=57434:3(*)=7.'8=&3)=0**18`=&3)=..=9-*=+472=4+=9-*=P>9.:8&8= '.,,*7`=74:3)*)=&3)=<.9-=1*88=5742.3*39=8(:159:7*_= F47=9-.8=<470`=545:1&9.438='*143,.3,=94=3*&71>=&11=9&=&=.3(1:).3,=842*=545:1&9.438=4+= &11=9-*=85*(.*8=<*7*=89:).*)='>=8*6:*3(.3,=9<4=2.94(-43)7.&1=DNA=,*3*=+7&,2*398= COI=&3)=+0S=7RNA_=A=949&1=4+=0/=85*(.2*38=<*7*=.3(1:)*)=.3=9-*=241*(:1&7=<470_= T-*=97**=4'9&.3*)=7*(4;*7*)=9-*=24345->1>=4+=&11=9-*=G>23*8.&3=85*(.*8_=N*;*79-*1*88`= 9-*=9-7**=85*(.*8=+742=9-*=P>9.:8&8=<*7*=349=7*(4;*7*)=&8=24345->1*9.(=,74:58_=A8=&= 7*8:19`=9-*=.397&85*(.Q=(=5->14,74:58=<*=4'9&.3*)=<.9-.3=X*74(7&88&=(&741.`=X_=(.89*73&8.= &3)=X_=*':8.9&3&=<*7*=.3=(43R=.(9=<.9-=9-*=(:77*39=9&=4342>=4+=8*;*7&1=8:'85*(.*8_=W*= ).8(:88=9-*=3*<=7*8:198=43=9-*='&8.8=4+=2475-414,>`=DNA=8*6:*3(.3,=&3)='.4,*4,7&5->_= O:7= 7*8:198= .3).(&9*)= 9-&9= .3= 842*= (&8*8= ,*4,7&5-.(&1= ).897.':9.43`= '*=*7= 9-&3= 8-*11= 2475-414,>= *=51&.3*)= 9-*= 5->14,74:58_= X*74(7&88&= 241.3&*= +742= 9-*= C41:2'7*9*8= I81&3)8=/*=02=.3=+7439=4+=9-*=I'*7.&3=P*3.38:1&=<&8=&184=.3(1:)*)=.3=9-*=89:)>`=&3)=.9= 8**2*)=94='*=5->14,*3*9.(&11>=247*=7*1&9*)=94=85*(.*8=+742=I'.?&=9-&3=94=85*(.*8=+742= 9-*=I'*7.&3=P*3.38:1&_ +,0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T. BIODIVERSITY=AND=EVOLUTION=OF=PULMONATE=TAXA B*349=D&>7&9 S(-441=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&`=M*7(*)`=/,**=N479-=L&0*=R)_`=M*7(*)`= CA=3/-.-=USA=')&>7&9 :(2*7(*)_*): T. M&3>= &85*(98= 4+= 9-*= *;41:9.43= &3)= '.4).;*78.9>= 4+= 5:1243&9*= ,&897454)8= &7*= 89.11= 54471>=:3)*78944)_=A9=-.,-*7=1*;*18`=5->14,*3*9.(=7*1&9.438-.58=&243,=9-*=2&/47=(1&)*8= *_,_`= S9>1422&945-47&`= V*743.(*11.)&*`=H>,745-.1&`= O3(-.)..)&*= &7*= +&7= +742= '*.3,= 7*841;*)`=349=94=2*39.43=9-*=7*1&9.438-.58=4+=5:1243&9*8=<.9-=7*85*(9=94=45.89-4'7&3(-8_= A9=14<*7=1*;*18`=2&3>=9&=&=<4:1)=3**)=94='*=7*;.8*)=9&=4342.(&11>`=&3)=2&3>=85*(.*8= 7*2&.3=94='*=).8(4;*7*)=.3=9-*=Q=*1)`=*85*(.&11>=+47=89>1422&945-47&38_=T-.8=8>2548.:2= <.11= 57*8*39= 842*= 4+= 9-*= (:77*39= 7*8*&7(-= )43*= 43= 5:1243&9*8_= S42*= 4+= 9-*= 9-*2*8= (4;*7*)= .3(1:)*a= 85*(.*8= ).;*78.9>= &3)= Q=*1)= *=5147&9.43`= 9&=4342.(= 7*;.8.438`= -.,-*7= 5->14,*3*9.(8`=&3)=2&(74*;41:9.43_
T._O+ USING= NEXT=GENERATION=SEQUENCING=TO=RESOLVE=DEEP= PHYLOGENETIC=RELATIONSHIPS=IN=THE=LAND=MOLLUSCS= EUPULMONATA L:.8&=T*&8)&1*+`,`=A3)7*<=H:,&11+`=T.2=OH&7&+`=F7&30=K4-1*7-`=A)3&3=M4:88&11.+ +S(.*3(*8=D*5&792*39`=M:8*:2=V.(947.&`=++=N.(-41843=S9`=C&71943`=V.(`=A:897&1.&=-*/-======19*&8)&1* 2:8*:2_;.(_,4;_&: ,D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M*1'4:73*`=P&70;.11*`=V.(`=A:897&1.&=-*+* -A:897&1.&=M:8*:2`=S>)3*>`=NSW`=A:897&1.&=,*+* D*85.9*=2:(-=*++479='>=8>89*2&9.898=&3)=5->14,*3*9.(.898=4;*7=9-*=1&89=+*<=)*(&)*8= 94= )*9*72.3*= 9-*= )**5= *;41:9.43&7>= 7*1&9.438-.58= <.9-.3= 9-*= 5:1243&9*8`= 2:(-= 7*2&.38=9*39&9.;*=&3)=(43974;*78.&1_=M41*(:1&7=9*(-3.6:*8=-&;*=.3(7*&8.3,1>='**3= :8*)=94=-*15=7*841;*=9-*=5->14,*3*9.(=7*1&9.438-.58=<.9-.3=2&3>=2411:8(&3=9&=&= 4;*7=9-*=1&89=,*=>*&78`=-4<*;*7`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`=7*57*8*39.3,=*=57*88*)= 5749*.3= (4).3,= ,*3*8= &3)= :8*= 9-.8= .3+472&9.43= 94= .)*39.+>= &= 8*9= 4+= 8.3,1*= (45>= 479-414,4:8=,*3*8=<-.(-=(&3='*=:8*)=94=&))7*88=)**5*7=*;41:9.43&7>=7*1&9.438-.58= <.9-.3=P&35:1243&9&=<.9-=&=+4(:8=43=9-*=*:5:1243&9*8=9*77*897.&1=2411:8(8_=S4= +&7=<*=-&;*=8*6:*3(*)=&3)=&88*2'1*)=97&38(7.5942*8=+47=./=85*(.*8=+742=&(7488= ABSTRACTS +,1
P&35:1243&9&=&3)=-&;*=.)*39.+.*)=4;*7=/**=3:(1*&7=,*3*8=8:.9&'1*=+47=5->14,*3*9.(= :8*_=H*7*=<*=57*8*39=57*1.2.3&7>=5->14,*3*9.(=&3&1>8*8=&7.8.3,=+742=9-.8=<470`= &3)=4:91.3*=&=9&7,*9*)=*37.(-2*39=57494(41=+47=4'9&.3.3,=1&7,*=2:19.814(.=)&9&8*98= +742=41)=3&9:7&1=-.8947>=85*(.2*38_=
T._O, SYSTEMATICS=AND=BIOGEOGRAPHY=OF=SOUTHERN=AFRICAS= DWARF=CANNIBAL=SNAILS=PULMONATAa=RHYTIDIDAE T. D_G_=H*7'*79+`-`=A_=M4:88&11.,`- +K<&Z:1:8N&9&1=M:8*:2`=P_=B&,=3*1*`=P.*9*72&7.9?':7,=-,**`=S4:9-=A+7.(&======)-*7'*79 328&_47,_?& ,S(.*3(*8=D*5&792*39`=M:8*:2=V.(947.&`=C&71943=G&7)*38=-*/-`=A:897&1.&======&24:88&11. 2:8*:2_;.(_,4;_&: -S(-441=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=K<&Z:1:8N&9&1`=P_=B&,=X*+`=S(4998;.11*`=P.*9*72&7.9?':7,`= -,*3`=S4:9-=A+7.(& T-*= 84:9-*73= A+7.(&3= 7&).&9.43= 4+= 9-*= G43)<&3&3= 83&.1= +&2.1>= R->9.).)&*= -&8= 97&).9.43&11>='**3=(438.)*7*)=94=(4257.8*=9<4=2&/47=1.3*&,*8`=9-*=(&33.'&1=83&.18= N&9&1.3&=8_1_=&3)=)<&7+=(&33.'&1=83&.18=N&9&=8_1__=H&;.3,=(4251*9*)=4:7=7*;.8.43&7>= 89:).*8=43=9-*=1&7,*7=85*(.*8`=4:7=&99*39.43=-&8=9:73*)=94=9-*=)<&7+=85*(.*8_=W-.1*= N&9&=8_1_=.8=349=&=).;*78*=,74:5`=85*(.*8=)*1.3*&9.43=.8=7*3)*7*)=(4251*==):*=94= 1.2.9*)=.39*785*(.+.(=;&7.&'.1.9>`=(42'.3*)=<.9-=8.,3.+.(&39=.397&885*(.+.(=;&7.&'.1.9>= .3=8-*11=+472_=I9=.8=&184='*)*;.1*)=<.9-=8>343>2>_=T4=)&9*`=85*(.*8=).8(7.2.3&9.43= '&8*)=43=8-*11=(-&7&(9*78=-&8=4+9*3='**3=9*39&9.;*=&3)=9-*=9&=4342>=&3)=8>89*2&9.(8= 4+=9-*=,*3:8=.8=2:(-=.3=3**)=4+=7*;.8.43_=T4=&))7*88=9-.8=<*=-&;*=:8*)=&=(42'.3*)= &5574&(-=*2514>.3,='49-=2475-414,.(&1=&3)=241*(:1&7=)&9&_ M475-414,.(&1= 7*;.8.43&7>= <470= 8:,,*898= 9-*= *=.89*3(*= 4+= 8.== ).89.3(9= 85*(.*8= 9<4= :3)*8(7.'*)= &3)= 241*(:1&7= 8*6:*3(*= )&9&= (43+.72= 9-*= 24345->1>= 4+= 9-*8*=1.3*&,*8_=I3=2489=(&8*8=9-*=85*(.*8=-&;*=842*<-&9=7*897.(9*)=).897.':9.438`= 5&79.(:1&71>=9-*=+4:7=*3)*2.(=94=9-*=84:9-*73=C&5*_=O3*=85*(.*8`=-4<*;*7`=.8=<.)*1>= ).897.':9*)`= ':9= .9= *=-.'.98= 89743,= 5->14,*4,7&5-.(= 897:(9:7*_=A9= &= )**5*7= 1*;*1`= N&9&=8_1_=&55*&78=94=-&;*=).;*7,*)=+742=9-*=&3(*897&1=7->9.).)=894(0=&9=&3=*&71>= 89&,*`= <.9-= .39*785*(.+.(= ).;*7,*3(*8= '*.3,= *=(*59.43&11>= )**5= 7*1&9.;*= 94= 49-*7= ,*3*7&=<.9-.3=9-*=+&2.1>_=C438*6:*391>`=<-*9-*7=9-*=84:9-*73=A+7.(&3=7->9.).)8`= 47=.3)**)=N&9&=8_1_=(4257.8*=,*3:.3*1>=24345->1*9.(=*39.9.*8=7*2&.38=:37*841;*)`= ':9=9-.8=.8=&3=.88:*=<*=-45*=94=*=5147*=+:79-*7='>=:8.3,=N*=9=G*3*7&9.43=S*6:*3(.3,= 2*9-4)414,>=&3)='>=&)).3,=+:79-*7=9&=&=+742=A:897&1.&=&3)=N*<=Z*&1&3)=94=,.;*=&= '74&)*7=G43)<&3&=5*785*(9.;*_ +,2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T._O- A=BIODIVERSITY=HOTSPOT=HOT=FOR=LAND=SNAILS=TOOa= THE=CASE=OF=MAPUTALAND8PONDOLAND8ALBANY S&3):3=J_=P*7*7&+`=D&;.)=G_=H*7'*79,`-`=*7'&3=P74N=*++ +S(-441=4+=A,7.(:19:7&1`=E&79-=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=K<&Z:1:8N&9&1`= W*89;.11*=C&25:8`=P7.;&9*=B&,=X/.**+`=D:7'&3=.***`=S4:9-=A+7.(&=8&3):3_5*7*7& ,2&.1_(42`= 8*9&5.43 ,2&.1_(42= T. ,K<&Z:1:8N&9&1=M:8*:2`=P7.;&9*=B&,=3*1*`=P.*9*72&7.9?':7,=-,**`=S4:9-=A+7.(&======)-*7'*79 328&_47,_?& -S(-441=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=K<&Z:1:8N&9&1`=P.*9*72&7.9?':7,=C&25:8`=P7.;&9*=B&,=X*+`= S(4=8;.11*=-,*3`=S4:9-=A+7.(& B4:3)&7.*8=4+='.4).;*78.9>=-4985498=&7*=4+9*3=)*1.2.9*)=.39:.9.;*1>='&8*)=43=+147.89.(= *3)*2.82= &3)= -&;*= 8*1)42= '**3= *25.7.(&11>= 9*89*)= 43= 85*(.*8= ).897.':9.438`= *85*(.&11>= 4+= *3)*2.(= +&:3&_= H*7*= <*= &99*259*)= 94= 3:2*7.(&11>= &3&1>8*= 9-*= ?44,*4,7&5->=4+=9-*=2&1&(4+&:3&=.3=84:9-8*&89*73=A+7.(&`=+4(:8.3,=43=*;&1:&9.3,= 9-*=)*1.2.9&9.43=4+=9-*=M&5:9&1&3)8P43)41&3)8A1'&3>=MPA='.4).;*78.9>=-498549`= <-.1*=574548.3,=&=+.789=2411:8(8'&8*)=3:2*7.(&1=7*,.43&1.8&9.43=+47=9-*=&7*&_=W*=&184= ).8(:88=5&99*738=&3)=(*397*8=4+=1&3)=83&.1=*3)*2.82=&3)=9-*3=&88*88=9-*=.25479&3(*= 4+=9-*=MPA=-498549=+47=9-*.7=(438*7;&9.43_=A=85*(.*8=.3(.)*3(*=2&97.==+47=8*1*(9*)`= 9&=4342.(&11>=<*118034<3=&3)=+&.71>=:3.+4721>=&3)=<*118(411*(9*)=1.3*&,*8=4+=1&3)= 83&.18=&3)=81:,8=8*;*3=,*3*7&b=1/=85*(.*8=.3=.*=57*)*+.3*)=45*7&9.43&1=,*4,7&5-.(= :3.98= <&8= (425.1*)= +742= 9-*= K<&Z:1:8N&9&1= M:8*:2= M411:8(&= )&9&'&8*_= T-*= )&9&= 2&97.== <&8= 8:'/*(9*)= 94= 9<4= 9>5*8= 4+= 3:2*7.(&1= &3&1>8*8`= ;.?_= -.*7&7(-.(&1= (1:89*7.3,= :8.3,= 9-*= :3<*.,-9*)= 5&.78,74:5= 2*9-4)= <.9-= &7.9-2*9.(= &;*7&,*8= UPGMA=&3)=9-*=P&78.243>=A3&1>8*8=4+=E3)*2.(.9>=PAE_=W-.1*=9-*=UPGMA= )*3)74,7&2=574;.)*8=&=-.*7&7(-.(&1=7*,.43&1.8&9.43=4+=9-*=&7*&`=UPGMA=&3)=PAE= )*3)74,7&28=<*7*=7*85*(9.;*1>=:8*)=94=)*9*72.3*=(*397*8=&3)=&7*&8=4+=*3)*2.82= COE8=&3)=AOE8_=T-*=&'4;*=7*8:198`=&8=<*11=&8=,*4,7&5-.(&1=5&99*738=2&55*)=+47= 2*&8:7*8=4+=*3)*2.82=*_,_=<*.,-9*)=*3)*2.82=8:55479=&=,7*&9*7=M&5:9&1&3)8 P43)41&3)8A1'&3>= GMPA= 7*,.43= 4+= *3)*2.82= +47= 2411:8(8= 247*= 8.2.1&7= 94= 9-*= 8&2*= 5:'1.8-*)= +47= ;*79*'7&9*8`= 9-&3= 94= 9-*= 247*= 7*897.(9*)= MPA= -498549_= Z44,*4,7&5-.(&1=7*,.43&1.8&9.43=(43+.728=&=84:9-8*&89=A+7.(&=)42.3.43`=(43,7:*39= <.9-=9-&9=4+=;*79*'7&9*8`=<.9-.3=<-.(-=9-*=GMPA=.8=7*(4,3.8*)=&8=&=574;.3(*`=<-.1*= 8:'47).3&9*=).897.(98=&3)=&88*2'1&,*8=&7*=.)*39.+.*)_=A19-4:,-=9-*=MPA=-498549= .8=+4:3)=94='*=;&1.)=+47=9*77*897.&1=2411:8(8`=9-*=GMPA=7*,.43=574;.)*8=&=247*= 74':891>=)*+.3*)=?44,*4,7&5-.(&1=*39.9>=&3)=&=7*,.43=4+=(438*7;&9.43=(43(*73`=<.9-= COE8=8*7;.3,=&8=14(&1=(438*7;&9.43=57.47.9.*8_=T-*=89:)>=*25-&8.8*8=9-*=.25479&3(*= 4+=6:&39.9&9.;*='.4,*4,7&5-.(&1=2*9-4)8=.3=(438*7;&9.43='.4,*4,7&5->`=.3=&)).9.43= 94=9-*.7=:8*8=.3=9-*47*9.(&1='.4,*4,7&5->_ ABSTRACTS +,3
T._O. TOWARDS=A=REVISION=OF=A=TAXONOMICALLY=DIFFICULT=SNAIL=FAMILYa= PROBLEMS=WITH=DEFINING=NEW=SPECIES=OF=GLESSULIDAE=IN=NEPAL= GASTROPODAa=PULMONATAa=STYLOMMATOPHORA P7*2=B_=B:)-&+`.`=F7*)=N&,,8,`=T-.*77>=B&(0*1/&:-`. +C*397&1=D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=T7.'-:;&3=U3.;*78.9>`=K.79.5:7`=K&9-2&3):`=N*5&1======57*2':)-& >&-44_(42 T. ,T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=C742<*11=R4&)`=L43)43`=SW1=/BD`=UK=+_3&,,8 3-2_&(_:0 -R4>&1=B*1,.&3=I389.9:9*=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=V&:9.*7897&&9=,3`=B8+***=B7:88*18`=B*1,.:2======T-.*77>_B&(0*1/&: 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_'*= .E;41:9.43&7>=E(414,>=G74:5`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=A39<*75`=G74*3*3'47,*71&&3=+1+`=B8,*,*=A39<*75`=B*1,.:2= T-*=G1*88:1.)&*=G4)<.38A:89*3`=+3,*=842*9.2*8=&184=(438.)*7*)=&8=&=8:'+&2.1>=4+=9-*= S:':1.3.)&*=.8=43*=4+=9-*=2489=85*(.48*=&(-&9.34.)=+&2.1.*8_=T-*7*=&7*=247*=9-&3=+0*= 342.3&1=85*(.*8`=9-*=2&/47.9>=4+=<-.(-=-&;*='**3=)*8(7.'*)=+742=I3).&=&3)=S7.=L&30&`= &3)=<.9-=+*<*7=85*(.*8=7*5479*)=+742=M>&32&7`=T-&.1&3)`=B473*4`=S:2&97&`=J&;&=&3)= V.*93&2_= M489= 4+= 9-*8*= 342.3&1= ,1*88:1.)= 85*(.*8= &7*= 54471>= 034<3`= <-.(-= .8= <*118 .11:897&9*)='>=9-*=+&(9=9-&9=9-*7*=&7*=&3&942.(&1=)&9&=+47=431>=8.==85*(.*8_=H*3(*`=2489= ,1*88:1.)=85*(.*8=-&;*='**3=)*8(7.'*)=43=9-*='&8.8=4+=8-*11=(-&7&(9*78=431>_=C:77*391>`= 9<4=,*3*7&=G1*88:1&=M&79*38`=+20*=&3)=R.8-*9.&=G4)<.38A:89*3`=+3,*=&7*=7*(4,3.?*)`= 9-4:,-=8*;*7&1=&:9-478=431>=7*9&.3=G1*88:1&`=<.9-=R.8-*9.&=&8=&=8:',*3:8_= H.9-*794`=431>=9<4=,1*88:1.)=85*(.*8=-&;*='**3=7*(47)*)=.3=N*5&1`=;.?_=G1*88:1&=8:'/*7)43.= B*)42*`= +3*0= &3)= R.8-*9.&= 9*3:.85.7&= B*3843`= +2-0_= Y*9`= 3*<1>= (411*(9*)= 85*(.2*38= +742=&11=4;*7=N*5&1=)4=349=431>=8-4<=9-&9=9-*=N*5&1*8*=,1*88:1.)=+&:3&=.8=247*=).;*78*= 9-&3=9-*8*=1.9*7&9:7*=7*(47)8=.3).(&9*`=':9=&184=8:,,*89=9-&9='49-=85*(.*8=2&>=-&;*='**3= 2.8.)*39.Q=*)_=A,&.389= 9-.8= '&(0,74:3)`= 9-*= 57*8*39= 89:)>= 574;.)*8= 3*<= )&9&= 43= 9-*= 7*574):(9.;*= &3&942>= 4+= *1*;*3= ,1*88:1.)= 9&=&= +742= N*5&1= 9-7**= G1*88:1&= &3)= *.,-9= R.8-*9.&_=S*;*7&1=4+=9-*8*=9&=&=&7*=574'&'1>=3*<=94=8(.*3(*`=':9=9-*.7=)*8(7.59.43=&8=3*<= 85*(.*8=+&(*8=&=3:2'*7=4+=57&(9.(&1=574'1*28=9-&9=<.11='*=).8(:88*)_=
T._O/ DIFFERENTIAL=SURVIVAL=AMONG=TAHITIAN=TREE=SNAILS=DURING= A=MASS=EXTINCTION=EVENTa=PERSISTENCE=OF=THE=RARE=AND=FECUND C.3)>=S_=B.(0+`=D.&72&.)=Ó=F4.,-.1+`=T7*;47=C449*,= +M:8*:2=4+=Z4414,>=&3)=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M.(-.,&3`=++*3= G*))*8=A;*`=A33=A7'47`=MI=.2+*38+*13`=USA='.(0(. :2.(-_*): ,P&79:1.)=G14'&1=S5*(.*8=M&3&,*2*39=P74,7&22*`=B_P_=..3,+=F&7*=T43>`=P&5**9*`=T&-.9.`= P41>3S8.*=F7&3O&.8* T-*=)*1.'*7&9*=.3974):(9.43=4+=9-*=(&73.;474:8=R48>=W41+=S3&.1=E:,1&3).3&=748*&=94=9-*= S4(.*9>=I81&3)8=&7(-.5*1&,4=.3=9-*=+31*8=1*)=94=&=2&88=*=9.75&9.43=4+=.98=7.(-=P&79:1.)&*= +&:3&`=(4257.8.3,=&5574=.2&9*1>=-&1+=4+=&11=85*(.*8=.3=9-.8=P&(.Q=(=I81&3)=97**=83&.1=+&2.1>_= O3=T&-.9.`=9-*=1&7,*89=.81&3)=.3=9-*=&7(-.5*1&,4`=43,4.3,=Q=*1)=8:7;*>8=-&;*=*3(4:39*7*)= 8(&=*7*)=7*23&39=545:1&9.438=4+=9<4=(148*1>=7*1&9*)=85*(.*8`=P&79:1&=(1&7&=&3)247=P&79:1&= ->&1.3&`=.3=-2=;&11*>8_=E_=748*&=.8=34<=&=549*39=57*)&947=7*85438.'1*=+47=9-*=*=9.3(9.43=4+= 2&3>=*3)*2.(=1&3)=83&.1=85*(.*8=&(7488=O(*&3.&`=&3)=:3)*789&3).3,=<->=9-*8*=T&-.9.&3= 9&=&= -&;*= ).S=*7*39.&11>= 8:7;.;*)= &12489= .*= >*&78= 4+= 57*)&9.43= 57*88:7*= 2&>= -&;*= 7*,.43&1=(438*7;&9.43=.25479_=A=3:11=->549-*8.8=89&9*8=9-&9=P_=->&1.3&=&3)=P_=(1&7&=-&;*= +-* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
8:7;.;*)= '*(&:8*= 9-*>= <*7*= 9-*= 2489= &':3)&39= &3)247= <.)*857*&)= 85*(.*8= &3)= 9-&9= 9-*>=944`=<.11=*;*39:&11>='*=)7.;*3=94=*=9.3(9.43='>=9-*=57*)&947_=W*=1&(0=)*24,7&5-.(= )&9&=(439*2547&3*4:8=<.9-=E_=748*&8=.3974):(9.43`=':9=H_=E_=C7&259438=7*2&70&'1*= +3*08+3*3=8:7;*>=4+=9-*=.81&3)=(439&.38=&=<*&19-=4+=)*24,7&5-.(=.3+472&9.43=+47=.39&(9= T&-.9.&3=;&11*>=545:1&9.438_=H.8=)&9&=8-4<=9-&9=P_=(1&7&=&3)=P_=->&1.3&=<*7*=<.)*857*&)= ':9= <*7*= (438.89*391>= 2:(-= 7&7*7= 9-&3= 9-*.7= 34<8*=9.75&9*)= (484((:77.3,= (43,*3*78`= .3(1:).3,=.3=9-*=,-=;&11*>8=-*=8:7;*>*)=&=(*39:7>=&,4=9-&9=7*9&.3=8:7;.;.3,=545:1&9.438_= T. G.;*3=9-.8=7*8:19`=2.,-9=9-*7*='*=&3=.397.38.(=&85*(9=4+=9-*.7='.414,>=9-&9=-&8=&114<*)= 9-*2=94=).S=*7*39.&11>=5*78.89=C7&25943=7*(47)*)=9-*=(1:9(-=8.?*8=4+=.3).;.):&1=,7&;.)= 83&.18=&3)=-.8=)&9&=8-4<=9-&9=P_=(1&7&=&3)=P_=->&1.3&=(438.89*391>=-&)=-.,-*7=.389&39&3*4:8= 2*&3=(1:9(-=8.?*8=5*7=,7&;.)=+*2&1*=7*574):(9.;*=97&(9=9-&3=9-*.7=(484((:7.3,=(43,*3*78_= H.,-*7=+*(:3).9.*8=2&>=-&;*='**3=&=(4397.':9.3,=+&(947=.3=9-*=).S=*7*39.&1=8:7;.;&1=4+= P&79:1&=->&1.3&=&3)=P&79:1&=(1&7&=.3=9-*=;&11*>8=4+=T&-.9._
T._O0 A=PRELIMINARY=PHYLOGENY=AND=BIODIVERSITY=ASSESSMENT=OF=THE= HAWAIIAN=HELICINIDAE K*11*>=L*:3,+`,`=N47.3*=W_=Y*:3,+`-`=K*33*9-=A_=H&>*8+`- +C*39*7=+47=C438*7;&9.43`=R*8*&7(-=&3)=T7&.3.3,=:=P&(.Q=(=B.48(.*3(*8=R*8*&7(-=C*39*7=:=U3.;*78.9>= 4+=H&<&..`=-*/*=M&.1*=W&>`=G.1247*=.*2`=H4341:1:`=H&<&..`=302,,`=USA=0*11*>1* -&<&.._*):`======3>*:3, -&<&.._*):`=0-&>*8 -&<&.._*): ,E3942414,>=G7&):&9*=P74,7&2`=D*5&792*39=4+=P1&39=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=P749*(9.43=S(.*3(*8`= U3.;*78.9>=4+=H&<&..`=-*/*=M&.1*=W&>`=G.1247*=-+*`=H4341:1:`=H&<&..`=302,,`=USA -S2.9-843.&3=I389.9:9.43`=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=W&8-.3,943`=DC`=USA H&<&..&3= 1&3)= 83&.18= &7*= .3(7*).'1>= ).;*78*= <.9-= 11/*= 85*(.*8= &3)= 33= *3)*2.(.9>_= U3+479:3&9*1>=9-*>=&7*=7&5.)1>=,4.3,=*=9.3(9=):*=94=-&'.9&9=)*897:(9.43`=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*`= &3)=.3;&8.;*=85*(.*8_=L.0*=2489=H&<&..&3=1&3)=83&.18`=9-*=H*1.(.3.)&*=-&;*=349='**3=89:).*)= (4257*-*38.;*1>=.3=247*=9-&3=0*=>*&78_=T-.8=+&2.1>=4+=9*77*897.&1=45*7(:1&9*=83&.18=(438.898= 4+=/**(=85*(.*8=).897.':9*)=9-74:,-4:9=9745.(&1=&3)=8:'9745.(&1=7*,.438=4+=9-*=<471)=*=(*59= +47= E:745*_= T-*>= &7*= &243,= 9-*= 41)*89= 034<3= 9*77*897.&1= 83&.1= +&2.1.*8`= &3)= 2&>= '*= &= ,44)=8>89*2=94=&))7*88=6:*89.438=4+=*;41:9.43&7>=97&38.9.438=+742=2&7.3*=94=9*77*897.&1= -&'.9&98=&3)=,&897454)=*;41:9.43='74&)1>_=H&<&..=-&8=+.=7*(4,3.?*)=-*1.(.3.)=85*(.*8=.3= 9<4=,*3*7&=P1*:74542&=&3)=O74'45-&3&=&3)=.-=;&7.*9.*8_=T-*>=<*7*=)*8(7.'*)=+742=&11= 2&.3=H&<&..&3=I81&3)8`=':9=-&;*=349='**3=2434,7&5-*)=8.3(*=+3-.=&3)=1.=1*=.8=034<3= &'4:9= 9-*.7= (:77*39= ).897.':9.438= 47= 7*2&.3.3,= ).;*78.9>_=A8= 5&79= 4+= &3= *S=479= 94= :5)&9*= 9-*.7= 9&=4342.(= &3)= (438*7;&9.43= 89&9:8`= <*= -&;*= (43897:(9*)= &= 57*1.2.3&7>= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3>=4+=H&<&..&3=-*1.(.3.)8=:8.3,=2.94(-43)7.&1=COI=&3)=3:(1*&7=,2S=8*6:*3(*8= +742=2&9*7.&1=(411*(9*)=):7.3,=7*(*39='.4).;*78.9>=8:7;*>8=&3)=85*(.2*38=+742=9-*=B.8-45= M:8*:2= .3= H4341:1:_= E=9*38.;*= 8:7;*>8= 43= 8.== 4+= 9-*= 2&.3= H&<&..&3= I81&3)8= -&;*= 84= +&7=7*(47)*)=8*;*3=-*1.(.3.)=545:1&9.438=43=431>=9<4=.81&3)8`=K&:&.=&3)=O&-:_=C1*&71>`= 9-*.7=7&3,*8=-&;*='**3=)7&89.(&11>=7*):(*)`=&8=-&8=2:(-=4+=9-*=47.,.3&1=85*(.*8=).;*78.9>_= H4<*;*7`=85*(.*8=).;*78.9>=.8=574'&'1>=-.,-*7=9-&3=.3.9.&11>=*89.2&9*)`=<.9-=(7>59.(=85*(.*8= &243,=9-48*=)*8(7.'*)=&8=;&7.*9.*8_=I3.9.&1=7*8:198=.3).(&9*)=9-&9=842*=4+=9-*=O&-:=85*(.*8= &7*='&8&1=94=K&:&.=85*(.*8`=)*85.9*=K&:&.='*.3,=&3=41)*7=.81&3)=&3)=9-*=*=5*(9&9.43=9-&9= 41)*7=1.3*&,*8=&7*=+4:3)=43=41)*7=.81&3)8_=A3&1>8*8=4+=241*(:1&7=)&9&=&184=.3).(&9*)=9-&9= H&<&..&3=-*1.(.3.)8=&7*=).89&391>=7*1&9*)=94=3438H&<&..&3=H*1.(.3.)&*=,*3*7&`=&3)=9-&9= H&<&..&3=9&=&=&7*=.3=3**)=4+=*=9*38.;*=9&=4342.(=7*;.8.438_= ABSTRACTS +-+
T._O1 SHELL=ONTOGENY=AND=VARIABILITY=OF=SHELL=MORPHOLOGY=IN= POPULATIONS=OF=LEPTINARIA=UNILAMELLATA=DORBIGNY`=+2-/= MOLLUSCA`=PULMONATA`=SUBULINIDAE S9-*+&3*=DÁ;.1&+`=C&2.11&=M*)*.748,`=C7.89.&3*=L_=F_=M*3)43O&,`= R4'*79&=L_=C&1)*.7&,`=O2&7=S_=C&7;&1-4, +M:8*:=)*=M&1&(414,.&=P74+_=M&:7>=P.394=)*=O1.;*.7&`=I389.9:94=)*=C.U3(.&8=B.41,.(&8`= T. U3.;*78.)&)*=F*)*7&1=)*=J:.?=)*=F47&`=CEP=-0*-083**`=J:.?=)*=F47&`=M.3&8=G*7&.8`=B7&8.1= 89-*+&3*)&;.1& -492&.1_(42 ,L&'47&97.4=)*=H*12.39414,.&=*=M&1&(414,.&=MS).(&`=C*3974=)*=P*86:.8&8=R*3S=R&(-4:`=F.4(7:?`= A;*3.)&=A:,:894=)*=L.2&=+1+/`=CEP=-*+3*8**,=B*14=H47.?439*`=M.3&8=G*7&.8`=B7&8.1======(&2.11&_2*)*.748( ,2&.1_(42`=(&1)*.7& (5677_Q=4(7:?_'7`=1&+*9& (5677_Q=4(7:?_'7`=42&7 (5677_Q=4(7:?_'7 R*(*39=89:).*8=(43(*73.3,=85*(.*8=4+=1&3)=83&.18=-&;*=7*;*&1*)=9-&9=9-*=8-*11=2475-42*97.(8= (&3= 574;.)*= *;.)*3(*= 4+= 9-*= ).S=*7*39.&9.43= &243,= 545:1&9.438_= I3= 2&3>= (&8*8`= 9-*= 2475-414,.(= &3&1>8.8= (42'.3*)= <.9-= 9-*= .3;*89.,&9.43= 4+= 241*(:1&7= ;&7.&'.1.9>`= (&3= 8:55479=(-&3,*8=.3=9&=4342>=4+=89:).*)=,74:58_=T-*=2&.3=4'/*(9.;*8=4+=9-.8=<470=<*7*= 94=)*8(7.'*=9-*=8-*11=4394,*3>=4+=L*59.3&7.&=:3.1&2*11&9&`=&3)=94=.3;*89.,&9*=.+=83&.18=+742= ).S=*7*39=545:1&9.438=)*243897&9*=;&7.&9.438=.3=9-*=5&=*738=4+=8-*11=2475-414,>=&3)=8-*11= 2475-42*97.(8_=I9=<&8=&184=;*7.Q=*)=.+=8:(-=;&7.&9.438=<*7*=7*R=*(9*)=.3=9-*=).S=*7*3(*8=.3= 9-*=8-*11=+472.3,=574(*88_=T-*=2475-414,.(&1=&3)=4394,*3*9.(=5&=*73=).S=*7*3(*8=<*7*= (411*(9*)=&243,=83&.18=+742=+4:7=).S=*7*39=545:1&9.438`=0*59=:3)*7=9-*=8&2*=1&'47&947.&1= (43).9.438_=I9=<&8=5488.'1*=94=).89.3,:.8-=(-&7&(9*7.89.(=8-*11=2475-42*97.(8=+47=83&.18=+742= *&(-=14(&9.43_=A9=&=+*<=89&,*8=9-*7*=<*7*=8.2.1&7.9.*8=.3=,74<9-=&1142*97>`=<-.(-=.3).(&9*)= 9-&9=9-*=<-41*=8-*11=+472.3,=574(*88=.8=).S=*7*39=&243,=9-*8*=2475-49>5*8`=349=431>=9-*= Q=3&1= +472= 4+= 9-*= &):198= 8-*11_= T-.8= +&(9= 8:,,*898= 9-&9= 8:(-= (-&7&(9*7.89.(8= &7*= 57.2&7.1>= :3)*7= ,*3*9.(= )*9*72.3&9.43_= T-*= 8-*11= 4394,*3>= 89:)>= 574;.)*)= &3= :3)*789&3).3,= 4+= 9-*= 8-*11= +472&9.43= 5&=*73= &3)= 9-*= 897:(9:7&1= 2*(-&3.828= &143,= 9-*= )*;*1452*39= 4+= 9-*=2411:8(8=9-&9=(7*&9*=9-*=).;*78.9>=4'8*7;*)_=F47=9-*=83&.18=<.9-=)*9*72.3&9*=,74<9-`= 85*(.*8=).89.3(9.43=.8=).T==(:19=):7.3,=9-*=/:;*3.1*=5-&8*`=):*=94=9-*=,7*&9=8.2.1&7.9>=4+=8-*11= 2475-414,>_=I9=.8=5488.'1*=9-&9=8-*11=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8`=(438.)*7*)=.25479&39=+47=9&=4342>=(&3= &184='*=57*8*39=+742=9-*=.3.9.&1=)*;*1452*39&1=5-&8*8_=I3=9-.8=8*38*`=&3=.3=)*59-=7*;.8.43= 4+=,*3:8=L*59.3&7.&=.8=3*(*88&7>_=I9=.8=5488.'1*=9-&9=9-*=8-*11=).S=*7*3(*8=9-&9=/:89.Q=*)=9-*= (7*&9.43=4+=9-*=3*<=L*59.3&7.&=85*(.*8=7*57*8*39=541>2475-.828=47=;&7.&9.438=7*1&9*)=94= 8-*11= 4394,*3>_= A19*73&9.;*1>`= 8:5*7Q=(.&1= 8-*11= 8.2.1&7.9.*8= 2.,-9= -&;*= 4'8(:7*)= (7>59.(= (4251*==85*(.*8`=<-.(-=<4:1)=2&0*=247*=89:).*8=3*(*88&7>=94=&((*88=9-*=2475-414,.(&1= &3)=,*3*9.(=;&7.&'.1.9>=&243,=545:1&9.438_
T._O2 SPATIAL=PATTERNS=OF=CRETAN=LAND=SNAILS E_=G*47,454:14:+`=K_=V&7).34>&33.8,`=M_=M>143&8+ +B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2=4+=C7*9*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C7*9*`=1+.*3=H*7&01*.4=C7*9*`=G7**(*= ,*47,*1.8&;*9 >&-44_,7`=2>143&8 3-2(_:4(_,7 ,N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2=4+=C7*9*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C7*9*`=1+.*3=H*7&01*.4=C7*9*`=G7**(*=2411:8(& 3-2(_:4(_,7 T-*=(:77*39=<470=.8=&=Q=789=&5574&(-=4+=9-*=549*39.&1=85&9.&1=).897.':9.43=4+=9-*=C7*9&3= 1&3)=83&.18_=T-*=2&=.2:2=*39745>=M&=E39=&3&1>8.8=<&8=:8*)=94=24)*1=9-*=549*39.&1= +-, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
).897.':9.438=4+=/0=1&3)=83&.1=85*(.*8_=M&=E39=.8=&=2&(-.3*=1*&73.3,=2*9-4)=9-&9= 57*).(98=9-*=549*39.&1=).897.':9.43=4+=&=9&7,*9=,74:5=4;*7=&=,*4,7&5-.(&1=7*,.43=+742= &=8&251*=4+=57*8*3(*=14(&1.9.*8=&3)=&=8*9=4+=*3;.7432*39&1=)&9&_=T-*=*++*(9=4+=9-*= *3;.7432*39&1=5&7&2*9*78=9-&9=<*7*=:8*)=94=24)*1=9-*=549*39.&1=).897.':9.43=4+=9-*= 85*(.*8=.8=*=5147*)_=R*8:198=8-4<=9-&9=9*25*7&9:7*=(4397.':9*8=94=9-*=*=51&3&9.43= 4+=9-*=549*39.&1=).897.':9.438=4+=-/=85*(.*8`=<-.1*=9<4=49-*7=.25479&39=+&(9478=8**2= 94='*=7&.3+&11=&3)=1&3)=(4;*7_=M47*4;*7`=85*(.*8=<.9-=7*897.(9*)=).897.':9.43=7&3,*`= T. 8:(-=&8=A1'.3&7.&=*':73*&`=-&;*=-.,-*7=AUC=;&1:*8=-.,-*7=9-&3=*_2`=<-.1*=85*(.*8= <.9-=&='74&)*7=7&3,*`=8:(-=&8=C&39&7*:8=&85*78:8=-&;*=14<*7=AUC=;&1:*8=14<*7=9-&3= *_1_=T-*=549*39.&1=).897.':9.438=4+=2489=85*(.*8`=*_,_=P4.7*9.&=).1&9&9&=&3)=T74(-4.)*&= 85_=&7*=6:.9*=57*(.8*_=H4<*;*7`=M&=E39=)4*8=349=9&0*=.394=&((4:39=-.8947.(&1=)&9&`= *_,_=9-*=5&1*4,*4,7&5->=4+=9-*=&7*&`=<-.(-=.8=2489=1.0*1>=&++*(9.3,=9-*=).897.':9.43= 4+=842*=85*(.*8=M*9&+7:9.(.(41&=).(9&*:8`=&8=&=7*8:19=9-*=549*39.&1=).897.':9.43=.8=349= 57*(.8*_
T._O3 ==A=COMPARISON=OF=METHODS=FOR=DELIMITING=SPECIES=IN=A=CRETAN= LAND=SNAIL=RADIATION=REVEALS=SHORTCOMINGS=OF=EXCLUSIVELY= MOLECULAR=TAXONOMY J&3=S&:*7+`=B*73-&7)=H&:8)47+, +D*5&792*39=4+=C-*2.(&1=E(414,>`=B.*1*+*1)=U3.;*78.9>`=U3.;*78.9C98897&I*=,/`=--0+/=B.*1*+*1)`= G*72&3>=/&3_8&:*7 :3.8'.*1*+*1)_)* ,Z4414,.(&1=M:8*:2`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H&2':7,`=M&79.38L:9-*78K.3,8P1&9?=-`=,*+.0=H&2':7,`= G*72&3>=H&:8)47+ ?4414,.*_:3.8-&2':7,_)* W*=(425&7*)=9-*=7*8:198=4+=).++*7*39=&5574&(-*8=+47=)*1.2.9.3,=85*(.*8='&8*)=43= 8.3,1*814(:8=DNA=8*6:*3(*8=<.9-=9-48*=4+=2*9-4)8=:8.3,='.3&7>=2:19.14(:8=)&9&_= A8=(&8*=89:)>`=<*=*=&2.3*)=9-*=7&).&9.43=4+=9-*=1&3)=83&.1=,*3:8= X*74(7&88&= 43= C7*9*_=M&3>=4+=9-*=2*9-4)8='&8*)=43=2.94(-43)7.&1=8*6:*3(*8=7*8:19*)=.3=-*&;>= :3)*78= 47= 4;*7*89.2&9.438= 4+= 9-*= 85*(.*8= 3:2'*7_= T-*= 2*9-4)8= :8.3,= AFLP= )&9&= 574):(*)= (1&88.+.(&9.438= <.9-= &3= 43= &;*7&,*= -.,-*7= (43(47)&3(*= <.9-= 9-*= 2475-414,.(&1=(1&88.+.(&9.43=9-&3=9-*=2*9-4)8='&8*)=43=2.94(-43)7.&1=8*6:*3(*8_= H4<*;*7`=9-*=5*7(*39&,*=4+=(477*(9=85*(.*8=(1&88.+.(&9.438=.8=14<=*;*3=<.9-='.3&7>= 2:19.14(:8=)&9&_=G&:88.&3=(1:89*7.3,=574):(*)=9-*=(1&88.+.(&9.438=<.9-=9-*=-.,-*89= (43(47)&3(*=<.9-=9-*=2475-414,.(&1=(1&88.+.(&9.43=4+=&11=&5574&(-*8=&551.*)=.3=9-.8= 89:)>`='49-=<.9-=8.3,1*814(:8=8*6:*3(*8=&3)=<.9-='.3&7>=2:19.814(:8=)&9&_=M*9-4)8= +47=85*(.*8=)*1.2.9&9.43=:8.3,=,*3*9.(=)&9&=8*&7(-=+47=(1:89*78=4+=.3).;.):&18`=':9= )4=349=.251*2*39=(7.9*7.&=9-&9=&7*=8:++.(.*39=94=).89.3,:.8-=(1:89*78=7*57*8*39.3,= 85*(.*8= +742= 49-*7= (1:89*78_= T-*= 8:((*88= 4+= 2475-414,.(&1= 85*(.*8= )*1.2.9&9.43= 7*8:198=+742=9-*=549*39.&1=94=+4(:8=43=(-&7&(9*78=9-&9=&7*=).7*(91>=.3;41;*)=.3=9-*= 85*(.&9.43=574(*88`=<-*7*&8=241*(:1&7=89:).*8=:8:&11>=7*1>=43=2&70*78=9-&9=&7*=349= ).7*(91>=.3;41;*)=.3=85*(.&9.43_ ABSTRACTS +--
T._O+* DIFFERENT=EVOLUTIONARY=HISTORIES=IN=TAXAa= REASONS=AND=CHALLENGES_=A=CASE=STUDY=IN=TROCHULUS= GASTROPODAa=PULMONATAa=HYGROMIIDAE M.(-&*1=D:)&+`=L:.8*=K7:(0*3-&:8*7,`=H*12:9=S&=2&33+`=E1.8&'*9-=H&7.3,, +-7)=Z4414,.(&1=D*5&792*39`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=V.*33&`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=W.*3`=A:897.&= 2.(-&*1_):)& 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=-*12:9_8&=2&33 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 T. ,C*397&1=R*8*&7(-=L&'47&947.*8`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=V.*33&`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=W.*3`=A:897.&= 1:.8*_07:(0*3-&:8*7 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=*1.8&'*9-_-&7.3, 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 C1&88.(&1= 9&=4342>= &3)= *;41:9.43&7>= 5->14,*3>= 4+= 47,&3.828= 4V=*3= 89&3)= .3= (4397&).(9.43`=&8=9-*=Q=789=.8=&=2&382&)*=47)*7=8>89*2`=<-.1*=9-*=1&=*7=.8=&3=&=*259= 94= 7*(43897:(9= *;41:9.43&7>= 7*1&9.438-.58_= C43(*73.3,= 5:1243&9*8= <*= 54.39= 4:9= 9-*8*=574'1*28=43=9-7**=9&=&=4+=9-*=,*3:8=T74(-:1:8`=.3=<-.(-=9-*=9*728=85*(.*8=&3)= 8:'85*(.*8=&7*=:8*)=&9=(4251*9*1>=).S=*7*39=1*;*18_=T_=-.85.):8=.8=57*8*391>=97*&9*)=&8=&= 85*(.*8=(4251*=='*(&:8*=4+=.98=,7*&9=;&7.&'.1.9>=.3=2475-414,>=&3)=,*3*9.(8_=M47*4;*7`= .3=2.94(-43)7.&1=&3)=3:(1*&7=97**8=.9=.8=5&7&5->1*9.(`=&8=2475-414,.(&11>=<*118)*Q=3*)= 85*(.*8= &7*= .39*72.3,1*)= '*9<**3= 9-*= (1&)*8= 7*57*8*39.3,= T_= -.85.):8_= W-*9-*7= 9-*7*= &7*=(7>59.(=85*(.*8=<.9-.3=T_=-.85).:8=7*2&.38=94='*=.3;*89.,&9*)`=':9=*;*3=)*1.3*&9.43= 4+= 8:'85*(.*8= +&.1*)= 84= +&7= '*(&:8*= 4+= 9-*= 1&(0= 4+= ).89.3(9.;*= 97&.98_= I3= (4397&89`= 9-*= ).S=*7*39.&9.43=4+=9-*=,*3*9.(&11>=247*=:3.+472=&3)=(1*&71>=24345->1*9.(=T_=897.41&9:8= .394=8*;*7&1=8:'85*(.*8=.8=247*=897&.,-9+47<&7)=&3)=5&79.&11>=(43(47)&39=<.9-=,*3*9.(= ).S=*7*39.&9.43_= F.3&11>`= T_= 47*.348= 8-4<8= 9<4= 2475-414,.(&11>= &3)= ,*3*9.(&11>= <.)*1>= 8*5&7&9*)= 8:'85*(.*8`= *&(-= 4+= 9-*2= ).851&>.3,= 14<= ;&7.&'.1.9>_=T-*8*= .3*6:&1.9.*8= &7*= (&:8*)= '>= ).S=*7*39= *;41:9.43&7>= -.8947.*8= &8= &= (438*6:*3(*= 4+= ).S=*7*39= *(414,.(&1= 3.(-*8`= ).85*78&1= &'.1.9>= &3)= ,1&(.&1= 7*+:,.&a= B49-= T_= -.85.):8= &3)= T_= 897.41&9:8= &7*= +&89= 857*&).3,`=*:7>4*(.4:8=47,&3.828=<-.(-=&7*=&'1*=94=7*8(4143.?*=-&'.9&98=&3)=8:7;.;*= :3)*7=).S=*7*39=(1.2&9*=(43).9.438_=W-.1*=T_=-.85.):8=574'&'1>=8:7;.;*)=9-*=P1*.894(*3*= .3= 8*;*7&1= ,1&(.&1= 7*+:,.&`= +47= T_= 897.41&9:8= 43*= ,1&(.&1= 7*+:,.:2= .8= &88:2*)_= T_= 47*.348= ).S=*78= +742= 9-*= 49-*7= 9&=&`= &8= .9= .8= &= 814<= ).85*78*7= <.9-= &= 3&774<= *(414,.(&1= 3.(-*_= W*=&88:2*=9-&9=.98=8:'85*(.*8=85*39=&9=1*&89=9-*=1&89=,1&(.&9.43=(148*=94=9-*=57*8*391>= .3-&'.9*)=&7*&8_=T&=4342.(=7*;.8.438=2.,-9='*=(438.)*7*)`=':9=.9=8-4:1)='*=(43(*73*)= 9-&9=9&=4342.(=(1&88.Q=(&9.438=2&>=&S=*(9=9-*=89&9*=4+=5749*(9.43_
T._O++ THE=CASE=OF=PYRAMIDULA=PUSILLAa=ADDING=THE=FIRST=PIECES= TO=THE=PHYLOGEOGRAPHIC=PUZZLE=OF=ALPINE=POPULATIONS S&3)7&=K.7N=3*7+`-`=L:.8*=K7:O=*3-&:8*7+`=H*12:9=S&=2&33,`=J48*+=H&71+`-`= M.N=&*1=D:)&,`-`=E1.8&'*9-=H&7.3,+`- +C*397&1=R*8*&7(-=L&'47&947.*8`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&======8&3)7&_0.7(-3*7 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=1:.8*_07:(0*3-&:8*7 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=/48*+_-&71 3-28<.*3_ &(_&9`=*1.8&'*9-_-&7.3, 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 ,T-.7)=Z4414,.(&1=D*5&792*39`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&======-*12:9_8&=2&33 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=2.(-&*1_):)& 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 -D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=A19-&3897&I*=+.`=+*3*=V.*33&`=A:897.& I3=85.9*=4+=9-*=+&(9=9-&9=9-*=&15.3*=5:1243&9*=1&3)=83&.1=P>7&2.):1&=5:8.11&=V&1149`=+2*+= .8=9-*=2489=<.)*857*&)=85*(.*8=&243,=9-*=E:745*&3=7*57*8*39&9.;*8=4+=9-*=24349>5.(= +-. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
+&2.1>= P>7&2.):1.)&*`= .9= 4V=*3= 7*2&.38= :3349.(*)_= O3*= 7*&843= +47= 9-.8= 2.,-9= '*= .98= 7*1&9.;*=82&11=&3)=.3(4385.(:4:81>=(414:7*)=8-*11_=T-*=).897.':9.43=4+=P>7&2.):1&=5:8.11&= 7&3,*8=+742=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3=&7*&=94=W*89*73=&3)=C*397&1=E:745*=<-*7*=.9=.3-&'.98= 8:31.9=(&1(&7*4:8=74(0=&3)=34:7.8-*8=43=*3)41.9-.(=1.(-*38_=A19-4:,-=.9=.8=6:.9*=(42243`= 9-*=85*(.*8=5->14,*4,7&5->=-&8=349='**3=.3;*89.,&9*)=84=+&7_=T4=,&9-*7=Q=789=.38.,-98`=<*= 5*7+472*)=5->14,*3*9.(=&3)=2475-42*97.(=&3&1>8.8=.3(1:).3,=,*4,7&5-.(=.3+472&9.43= 4+=9-*=8&251.3,=8.9*8_=A194,*9-*7=<*=(411*(9*)=.3).;.):&18=&9=32=).S=*7*39=8&251.3,=8.9*8= T. 24891>=14(&9*)=.3=9-*=E&89*73=A158=&3)=.3;*89.,&9*)=-/1=.3).;.):&18=,*3*9.(&11>`=<-*7*4+= +.-=<*7*=&184=:8*)=+47=2475-42*97.(=&3&1>8.8_=AV=*7=*=97&(9.3,=&3)=8*6:*3(.3,=&=50/*= '5=8*(9.43=4+=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1=(>94(-742*=(=4=.)&8*=8:':3.9=+=COI=,*3*`=<*=(43897:(9*)= &= 5->14,*3*9.(= 97**_= T-.8= 97**= 7*;*&18= &9= 1*&89= 9<4= ,*3*9.(&11>= ).89.3(9= (1&)*8`= <-.(-= &184=&55*&7=).S=*7*39.&9*)=.3=9-*=2475-42*97.(=&3&1>8.8_=T-*=6:*89.43=<-*9-*7=9-48*= Q=3).3,8=.3).(&9*=9-*=).;.8.43=.394=9<4=07>59.(=85*(.*8=47=431>=*=57*88=&=-.,-=)*,7**=4+= ,*3*9.(=&3)=2475-414,.(&1=;&7.&9.43=<.9-.3=9-*=A15.3*=545:1&9.43=4+=P_=5:8.11&=(&3349='*= :19.2&9*1>=&38<*7*)=&3)=3**)8=+:79-*7=89:).*8=43=,*3*=R=4<`=7*574):(9.;*='&77.*78=&3)= 3:(1*&7=2&70*78_
T._O+, PHYLOGEOGRAPHY=OF=THE=LAND=SNAIL=GENUS=ORCULA=HELD=+2-1= WITH=A=SPECIAL=FOCUS=ON=THE=ALPINE=SPECIES=GROUP J_=H&71+`=B_=P@118G*7,*1>,`=M_=D:)&-`=L_=K7:O=*3-&:8*7.`=H_=S&=2&33-`=E_=H&7.3,. +C*397&1=R*8*&7(-=L&'47&947.*8`=NHM=V.*33&`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&b D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=A19-&3897&I*=+.`=+*3*=V.*33&`=A:897.&======/48*+_-&71 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 ,S-.38-:=U3.;*78.9>`=D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=S-.38-:=U3.;*78.9>`=M&98:2494=-3*820,+`=J&5&3= 5&11,*7,*1>, ,2&.1_(42 -T-.7)=Z4414,.(&1=D*5&792*39`=NHM=V.*33&`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&= 2.(-&*1_):)& 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=H*12:9_S&=2&33 3-28<.*3_&(_&9= .C*397&1=R*8*&7(-=L&'47&947.*8`=NHM=V.*33&`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&======L:.8*_K7:(0*3-&:8*7 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=E1.8&'*9-_H&7.3, 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 M489= 1&3)= 83&.18= -&;*= 14<= &(9.;*= ).85*78&1= (&5&'.1.9.*8= &3)= .3-&'.9= 82&11= &7*&8`= +&(.1.9&9.3,=9-*=89:)>=4+=85*(.&9.43=574(*88*8=&3)=).85*78&1_=I3=4:7=89:)>=<*=5*7+472*)= &= 5->14,*4,7&5-.(= &3&1>8.8= 4+= 9-*= 74(0= )<*11.3,= 1&3)= 83&.1= ,*3:8= O7(:1&= H*1)= +2-1`= .3(1:).3,=&11=(:77*391>=&((*59*)=85*(.*8`=9<*1;*=4+=<-.(-=8-4<=&3=A15.3*8C&75&9-.&38 D.3&7.(= ).897.':9.43= &3)= 43*= 4((:77.3,= .3= 9-*= W*89*73=B1&(0= S*&= 7*,.43_= U8.3,= 9-7**= 2&70*7=,*3*8=COI`=+,S=&3)=+0S`=<*=8*9=:5=&=7*1.&'1*=2.94(-43)7.&1=5->14,*3>=&3)= +4:3)=9-&9=9-*=,*3:8=(&3='*=).;.)*)=.394=9-7**=2&/47=,74:58a=+=9-*=*.,-9=85*(.*8=<.9-= 5:7*1>=A15.3*=).897.':9.43=+472=43*=(1&)*`=<-.(-=.8=9-*=8.89*7=,74:5=4+=9-*=<.)*857*&)= O7(:1&= )41.:2`= ,= 9-*= 8*(43)= ,74:5= (438.898= 4+= 9-*= D.3&7.(= 85*(.*8=O_= <&,3*7.= &3)= O_= 8(-2.)9..=&3)=9-*=S4:9-*73=C&75&9-.&3=O_=/*98(-.3.=&3)=-=O7(:1&=?.1(-.`=Q=3&11>`=7*57*8*398= 9-*=9-.7)=2&/47=1.3*&,*_=T-*=A15.3*=85*(.*8=,74:5=(4257.8*8='>=+&7=9-*=1&7,*89=3:2'*7= 4+=85*(.*8_=S5*(.&9.43=&3)=).897.':9.43=<.9-.3=9-.8=,74:5=8**2=94='*=89743,1>=.3R=:*3(*)= '>= 9-*= P1*.894(*3*= ,1&(.&9.438_= O:7= )&9&= 8:,,*89*)= 9-&9= ,1&(.&1= 7*+:,*8= <*7*= 14(&9*)= .3= 9-*= W*89*73`= 3479-8*&89*73= &3)= 84:9-8*&89*73= A158_= I3= &)).9.43`= &= (425&7.843= 4+= 2.94(-43)7.&1= &3)= 3:(1*&7= -.8943*= -2.= 8*6:*3(*8= .3).(&9*)= 9-&9= ->'7.).8&9.43= 9440= 51&(*='*9<**3=842*=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=):7.3,=9-*=P1*.894(*3*=':9=574'&'1>=*;*3=:5=94=9-*= 57*8*39_ ABSTRACTS +-/
T._O+- MORPHOLOGICAL=AND=MOLECULAR=ANALYSIS=OF=SARASINULA= AND=RELATED=GENERA=GASTROPODA`=VERONICELLIDAE=AND= TAXONOMIC=IMPLICATIONS=FOR=THE=GROUP S:?*9*=R4)7.,:*8=G42*8+`,`=N472&3=B&77-`=O8(&7=O'7*,3-`=R&+&*1&=P&:1&=)*=F7*.9&8+`= A3&=R.9&=)*=T41*)48P.?&+`=D&;.)=G_=R4'.3843,`=E1.&3&=N&0&34+ +L&'47&97.4=)*=P&7&8.9414,.&2M&1&(414,.&`=I389.9:94=B:9&39&3`=A;_=V.9&1=B7&8.1`=+/**`= T. P&;.1-D4=L*248=M439*.74`=SD4=P&:14`=SP`=*//*-83**`=B7&?.1=8:?*9*'.4 >&-44_(42_'7= ,USDA8APHIS8PPQ`=N&9.43&1=M&1&(414,>=L&'47&947>`=A(&)*2>=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`= +3**=B*3/&2.3=F7&301.3=P&70<&>`=P-.1&)*15-.&`=PA`=+3+-*`=USA -USDA8APHIS8PPQ8C*39*7=+47=P1&39=H*&19-=S(.*3(*=&3)=T*(-3414,>`=M.88.43=L&'`=E).3':7,`= TX=12/.+`=USA M475-414,.(&1= &3)= 241*(:1&7= &3&1>8*8= <*7*= 5*7+472*)= 94= )*1.3*&9*= 9&=&= .3= S&7&8.3:1&`=&=,*3:8=4+=9*77*897.&1=81:,8=4+=9-*=+&2.1>=V*743.(*11.)&*`=.3=;.*<=4+=9-*= ).++.(:19.*8= .3= ).++*7*39.&9.3,= .98= 85*(.*8= &3)= 9-*.7= 143,8(43+:8*)= 9&=4342>_= T-*= ,*3:8=.8=.25479&39=+47=&,7.(:19:7*=&3)=5:'1.(=-*&19-`=.3(1:).3,=5*89=85*(.*8=&3)= .39*72*).&9*=-4898=4+=3*2&94)*8_=W*=*=&2.3*)=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8=4+=9-*=5-&11:8`=':78&= (45:1&97.== &3)= (4147&9.43`= &3)= 3:2'*7= 4+= 9:':1*8= &9= 9-*= ).,.9.+472= ,1&3)= +742= .,2= 85*(.2*38= (411*(9*)= +742= -/= ).++*7*39= (4:397.*8_= I3= &)).9.43`= <*= 8*6:*3(*)= +7&,2*398= 4+= 9-*= 2.94(-43)7.&1= (>94(-742*= 4=.)&8*= I= &3)247= +0S= 7RNA= ,*3*8= +742=+23=4+=9-*=85*(.2*38_=P->14,*3*9.(=&3&1>8*8=<*7*=(43):(9*)=:8.3,=85*(.*8= 4+=A3,:89.5*8`=L&9.5*8`=D.514841*34)*8`=&3)=&=3*<=,*3:8=+742=B41.;.&=&8=4:98,74:58_= B&8*)=43=57*1.2.3&7>=97**=8*&7(-*8=:8.3,=DNA=8*6:*3(*8`=S&7&8.3:1&=.8=8:55479*)= &8= &= ;&1.)= ,*3:8= <.9-= +4:7= 85*(.*8a= S_= 51*'*.&`= S_= 1.3,:&*+472.8`= S&7&8.3:1&= 85_= += &3)= S&7&8.3:1&=85_=,_=T-*=3:2'*7=4+=9:':1*8=&9=9-*=).,.9.+472=,1&3)=&3)=8.?*=4+= 9-*= 7*574):(9.;*= 897:(9:7*8= (&3= '*= &3= &:=.1.&7>= (-&7&(9*7= 94= ).8(7.2.3&9*= 9-*2_= S&7&8.3:1&=3_=85_=,`=<.9-=9-*=1&7,*89=8.?*=+47=9-*=7*574):(9.;*=897:(9:7*8=&3)=&74:3)= +/8,*=9:':1*8=&9=9-*=).,.9.+472=,1&3)`=574'&'1>=7*8*2'1*8=&3=&3(*897&1=(43).9.43= .3=S&7&8.3:1&_=T-*=82&11*7=7*574):(9.;*=8>89*2=&3)=82&11*7=3:2'*7=4+=9:':1*8=.3= ,*3*7&1`=349=247*=9-&3=3=+4:3)=.3=S_=51*'*.&`=9-*=2489=8:((*88+:1=85*(.*8=4+=9-*=,*3:8= &12489=5&39745.(&1`=8**28=94='*=&=)*7.;*)=(43).9.43_=S&7&8.3:1&=51*'*.&=.8=8.89*7=4+= 9-*=(1&)*=,74:5.3,= S_=1.3,:&*+472.8= &3)= S&7&8.3:1&=85_=+`=9-&9=&7*=(7>59.(=85*(.*8`= '49-=<.9-=247*=9:':1*8=9-&3=+*=9:':1*8=&9=9-*=).,.9.+472=,1&3)_=L&9.5*8=8**28=94='*= 5&7&5->1*9.(=&3)=3**)8=94='*='*99*7=.3;*89.,&9*)`=8.3(*=L_=*7.3&(*:8=&55*&78=&8=8.89*78 ,74:5=4+=S&7&8.3:1&=&3)=349=,74:5*)=<.9-=L_=1.8*.`=:8*)=&8=4:98,74:5=&8=<*11_=T-*= 3*<=,*3:8=+742=B41.;.&`=-*7*=574548*)`=.8=&=8.89*7=,74:5=4+=S&7&8.3:1&=855_=51:8=L_= *7.3&(*:8_=A3,:89.5*8=&3,:89.5*8=.8=8:55479*)=&8=8.89*7885*(.*8=4+=9-*=(1&)*=.3(1:).3,= S&7&8.3:1&`=L_=*7.3&(*:8=&3)=9-*=3*<=,*3:8=&3&1>?*)_=B*14(&:1:8=.8=574548*)=-*7*=&8= 8>343>24:8=<.9-=A3,:89.5*8_=W*=8:55479=9-&9=S_=):'.&=.8=&=8>343>2=4+=S_=51*'*.&`=&3)= S_=2&7,.3&9&=.8=&=8>343>2=4+=S_=1.3,:&*+472.8_=W*=&184=(43(1:)*=9-&9=9-*='1&(0=81:,= +4:3)=.3=H43):7&8=&3)=G:1+=89&9*8=4+=9-*=U3.9*)=S9&9*8=.8=A_=&3,:89.5*8`=47.,.3&11>= +742=84:9-*73=S4:9-=A2*7.(&=*&89=4+=9-*=A3)*8=&8=<*11=&8=S&7&8.3:1&_ +-0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T._O+. ADAPTATION=OF=FRESHWATER=GASTROPODS=ASSOCIATED= WITH=GEOTHERMAL=HABITATS O1,&=A08*34;&`=Y:1.>&=B*85&1&>&`=I;&3=B41494; I389.9:9*=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=P74'1*28=4+=9-*=N479-`=+0-**,`=A70-&3,*180`=S*;*73&>&=D;.3&=E2'_`=,-`= R:88.&=&08>434;&_41,& ,2&.1_(42`=/'*85&1&/& >&3)*=_7:`=.3*57&8 >&3)*=_7: T. T-*72&1=897*&28=&7*=3&9:7&1=.3(:'&9478`=<-*7*=9-*=<&9*7=9*25*7&9:7*=7*2&.38=247*= 47= 1*88= (4389&39= 3*&7= 9-*= ).8(-&7,*= +47= 143,= 5*7.4)8= 4+= 9.2*_= H>)749-*72&1= 8>89*28= &7*= (-&7&(9*7.?*)= '>= (*79&.3= (42243= *3;.7432*39&1= (43).9.438`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`=K&2(-&90&=&3)=K:7.1=I81&3)8_=A)).9.43&1=.3+472&9.43=-&8='**3= 4'9&.3*)=+742=3:2'*7=4+=5:'1.(&9.438=&'4:9=,&897454)8=+742=49-*7=7*,.438_ T-*=(425&7&9.;*=&3&1>8*8=7*;*&1=9-&9=.3=9-*72&1=897*&28=+472*)=8.2.1&7=(422:3.9.*8=4+= ).S=*7*39=85*(.*8=4+=,&897454)8=+&2.1>=L>23&*.)&*`=P1&347'.)&*`=P->8.)&*`=T-.&7.)&*`= H>)74'..)&*`= N*7.9.)&*= *9(__= T-*8*= (422:3.9.*8= &7*= (-&7&(9*7.?*)= '>= -.,-= ;&1:*= 4+= &':3)&3(*=&3)='.42&88`=':9=;*7>=14<=85*(.*8=).;*78.9>_=M411:8(8=.3=9-*=574(*88=.3-&'.9= .3=9-*72&1=*(48>89*28=&(6:.7*=3:2'*7=4+=*(414,.(&1`=2475-414,.(&1=&3)=5->8.414,.(&1= &)&59&9.438_= I3;*89.,&9.438= 4+= ,74<9-`= 7*574):(9.43`= 1.+*= (>(1*= &3)= 9-*= *S=*(98= 4+= 9*25*7&9:7*=8-4<*)=9-&9=*&(-=545:1&9.43=-&)=&=8-479*3.3,=4+=9-*=1.+*=(>(1*`=7*):(.3,= 9-*=8.?*=4+=9-*=8-*11=&3)=.3(7*&8*=4+=3:2'*7=,*3*7&9.438=5*7=>*&7_ T-.8=89:)>=<&8=8:55479*)='>=9-*=,7&398=4+=R:88.&3=F4:3)&9.43=4+=B&8.(=R*8*&7(-=E= +,8*.8-+.22241&`= E= +-8*.8+*+*10b= '>= 9-*= ,7&398= 4+= U7&1= B7&3(-= 4+= 9-*= R:88.&3= A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8=E=+-8/8NP8++`=E=+,8P8/8+*+.`=E=+,8U8/8+*,,`=E=+,8./8M8,*0,`= E= +,8/818**3b= 85*(.&1= ,7&39= +742= 9-*= P7*8.)*39= 4+= 9-*= R:88.&3= F*)*7&9.43= +47= 89&9*= 8:55479= 4+= >4:3,= 8(.*39.898= MD8.+0._,*++_/b= F*)*7&1= T&7,*9= P74,7&2= S(.*3(*= &3)= 8(.*3(*8*):(&9.43=85*(.&1.898=4+=.334;&9.;*=R:88.&=+47=,**38,*+-_
T._O+/ TOWARDS=A=MOLECULAR=PHYLOGENY=OF=ELLOBIIDAE=GASTROPODA`= PULMONATA=USING=A=MULTI8LOCUS=APPROACH P*)74=R42*74`=A33*=*=K1:882&338K41' I389.9:9*=+47=E(414,>`=E;41:9.43=&3)=D.;*78.9>`=G4*9-*=U3.;*78.9>=0*.-2=F7&30+:79=&2=M&.3`=G*72&3>= 6:.5:_742*74 ,2&.1_(42`=01:882&338041' '.4_:3.8+7&30+:79_)* E114'..)&*= &7*= 5:1243&9*= ,&897454)8= 4((:77.3,= .3= .39*79.)&1`= 8:57&9.)&1= &3)= *;*3= 9*77*897.&1=-&'.9&98_=T-*=+&2.1>=E114'..)&*=.8=8:').;.)*)=.3=Q=;*=8:'+&2.1.*8a=M*1&254).3&*`= E114'..3&*`=P>9-..3&*`=P*).5.3&*=&3)=C&7>(-..3&*_=P7*;.4:8=2475-414,.(&1=&3)=241*(:1&7= <470=+&.1*)=94=8:55479=9-*=24345->1>=4+=&11=4+=9-*8*=8:'+&2.1.*8_=O:7=&.2=.8=94=.3+*7=&= 241*(:1&7=5->14,*3>=:8.3,=3:(1*&7=&3)=2.94(-43)7.&1=14(.=94=&88*88=9-*=*;41:9.43&7>= 7*1&9.438-.58= <.9-.3= 9-.8= +&2.1>_=W*=:8*)= .*= 8&251*8= (4257.8.3,= &11= 8:'+&2.1.*8= &3)= 8*6:*3(*8=+742=O9.3.3&*=S2*&,41=&3)=O9.3&`=&3)=T7.2:8(:1.)&*=T7.2:8(:1:8`=<-.(-= ABSTRACTS +-1
-&;*='**3=7*5479*)=94='*=7*1&9*)=94=*114'..)8_=V*743.(*11.)&*=V*743.(*11&=&3)=O3(-.).)&*= O3(-.).:2=<*7*=:8*)=&8=4:9,74:58_=A=2:19.814(:8=&5574&(-=<&8=+4114<*)=:8.3,=8.== 14(.a= 9-7**= 3:(1*&7= ,2S`= +2S= &3)= H-= &3)= 9-7**= 2.94(-43)7.&1= +0S`= +,S`= COI_= T7**8= <*7*= 7*(43897:(9*)= :8.3,= 2&=.2:2= 1.0*1.-44)= ML= &3)= B&>*8.&3= .3+*7*3(*= BI= 43=9-*=CIPRES=51&9+472_=W*=4'8*7;*)=-.,-=&3)=(438.89*39=8:55479=+47=9-*=+4114<.3,= (1&)*8a=M*1&254).3&*`=E114'..3&*=&3)=P->9..3&*`=.3='49-=&3&1>8*8_=I3=M*1&254).3&*`= 9-*=,*3:8=M*1&25:8=7*8:19*)=24345->1*9.(b=-4<*;*7`=M.(7497&1.&=&3)=P8*:)42*1&25:8= M*1&254).3&*=<*7*=(148*7=94=O9.3.3&*`=&19-4:,-=<.9-=14<=8:55479_=I3=E114'..3&*`=<*= T. +4:3)= 9<4= 8:55479*)= (1&)*8`= 43*= <.9-= 9-*= ,*3:8= E114'.:2= &3)= 9-*= 49-*7= (4257.8.3,= 9-*=,*3*7&=A:7.(:1.3*11&`=B1&:3*7.&`=C>1.3)749.8`=&3)=L*:(45>9-.&_=I3=P->9..3&*`=9<4=(1&)*8= &7*=&184=<*11=8:55479*)a=43*=<.9-=L&*24)439&=85*(.*8=&3)=9-*=49-*7=<.9-=C&88.):1&=&3)= O;&9*11&_=F.3&11>`=T7.2:8(:1:8=<&8=(148*1>=7*1&9*)=94=P*).5*).3&*=+472.3,=&=24345->1*9.(= (1&)*_=T-*=5->14,*3*9.(=548.9.43=4+=C&7>(-.:2=C&7>(-..3&*`=&3)=P>9-.&=&3)=M>4849*11&= P>9-..3&*=7*2&.38=:3(*79&.3_=A19-4:,-=C&7>(-.:2=&3)=P>9-.&=<*7*=,74:5*)=<.9-=-.,-= 8:55479=.3=BI=&3&1>8.8`=9-.8=(1&)*=.8=349=8:55479*)=.3=ML=7*8:198_=T-*=8*&7(-=4+=&=<*118 8:55479*)=5->14,*3>=4+=9-.8=+&2.1>=<.11=574;.)*=&='*=*7=:3)*789&3).3,=4+=5&=*738=4+= 5&89=-&'.9&9=8-.V=8=&3)=9*77*897.&1.?&9.43_
T._O+0 HISTORY=OF=THE=DIVERSIFICATION=OF=SURFACE=AND=SUBTERRANEAN= MICROGASTROPODS=ELLOBIOIDEAa=CARYCHIIDAE A_=M_=W*.,&3)+`=A_=J4N=:2+`=H_=F:0:247.,`=Y_=K&34,`=A_=K1:882&338K41'+ +D*59_=P->14,*3>=]=S>89*2&9.(8`=I389.9:9*=+47=E(414,>`=E;41:9.43=&3)=D.;*78.9>`=G4*9-*8U3.;*78.9>= F7&30+:79=&_=M_`=G*72&3>=&_<*.,&3) '.4_:3.8+7&30+:79_)*`=J4(-:2 '.4_:3.8+7&30+:79_)*`= K1:882&338K41' '.4_:3.8+7&30+:79_)* ,D*5_=M&7.3*=E(48>89*28=D>3&2.(8`=A92485-*7*=&3)=O(*&3=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T40>4`= J&5&3=-.74+ 3*3;_0_:8940>4_&(_/5`=0&34 &47._:8940>4_&(_/5 C&7>(-..)= 2.(74,&897454)8= E:5:1243&9&`= E114'.4.)*&= &7*= (42243= .3-&'.9&398= 4+= 9*25*7&9*= '.49&8= 4+= 9-*= N479-*73= H*2.85-*7*= <.9-= 85*(.*8= +7*6:*391>= &(9.3,= &8= -&3)2&.)*38=4+=9&=4342.898=&3)=8>89*2&9.898_=I3=&3=.39*,7&9.;*=&5574&(-`=<*=(42'.3*= 9&=4342.(= &3)= 5->14,*3*9.(= ->549-*8*8= 94= &))7*88= 85*(.*8= ).;*78.9>= &3)= 94= &3&1>?*= 9*2547&1= &3)= ,*4,7&5-.(= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= 4+= *5.,*&3= C&7>(-.:2= &3)= 8:'9*77&3*&3= Z485*:2=*;41:9.43&7>=1.3*&,*8=EL8=.3=C&7>(-..)&*_= U39.1= 7*(*391>`= (&7>(-..)= 83&.18= -&;*= '**3= .)*39.Q=*)= 43= 9-*= '&8.8= 4+= (439.3:4:8= (43(-414,.(&1= (-&7&(9*78= 4+= 9-*= &):19= 8-*11= 431>_=F4114<.3,= 9-.8= 97&).9.43&1= &5574&(-`= <*=Q=789=5489:1&9*)=57.2&7>=2475-485*(.*8=->549-*8*8`=<-.(-=<*7*=9-*3=.3;*89.,&9*)= '>=).S=*7*39=241*(:1&7=)*1.2.9&9.43=&5574&(-*8=ABGD`=GMYC`=S9&9.89.(&1=P&78.243>`= &3)=9-7*8-41)_=D*85.9*=&=(438*7;&9.;*=)*1.2.9&9.43=897&9*,>`=(&7>(-..)=2475-485*(.*8= (4257.8*=&=,7*&9=3:2'*7=4+=:37*(4,3.?*)=).;*78.9>=<.9-=,2=.3;*89.,&9*)=2475-485*(.*8= (4;*7.3,=.-=,*3*9.(&11>=).89.3(9=EL8_=O31>=0+=+1=2475-485*(.*8=&7*=7*(4;*7*)=&8=&= 8.3,1*= EL= -= 2&9(-= '*9<**3= 2475-485*(.*8= &88.,32*39= &3)= ,*3*9.(= )*1.2.9&9.43_= I3= ,*3*7&1`= 9-*= 343897.;.&1= ).89.3(9.43= '*9<**3= .397&8= &3)= .39*785*(.Q=(= (43(-414,.(&1= ;&7.&'.1.9>=2489=574'&'1>=-&8=1*)=94=5&89=9&=4342.(=1:25.3,=&3)=851.=.3,_=A3=.3+*77*)= <.)*= ).897.':9.43= &3)= ;&7.&'1*= 5-*349>5*= 8:,,*89= :3)*7*89.2&9*)= 85*(.*8= ).;*78.9>_= H4<*;*7`='>=(411*(9.3,=2475-485*(.*8=&9=9-*.7=9>5*=14(&1.9>`=241*(:1&7=.3;*89.,&9.438= &7*= &'1*= 94= 1.30= 9-*= -.8947.(= 2475-485*(.*8= )*8(7.59.43= <.9-= 9-*.7= 7*85*(9.;*= EL_=A3= *=&251*=.8=57*8*39*)=+47=J&5&3*8*=C&7>(-.:2_ +-2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T-*= Q=789=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(=->549-*8.8=+47=C&7>(-..)&*='&8*)=43=COI`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a= CARYCHIIDAE=:=A=NEW=PERSPECTIVE=HIGHLIGHTS=SOME=KNOWN=AND= NOVEL=MORPHOLOGICAL=CHARACTERS=IN=THE=SHELL=AND=RADULA A_=J4N=:2+`=Y&743=M&104<80>,`=M_=K&258N=:19*-`=M_=J_=H*3*0&.`=A_=K1:882&338K41'+ +D*59_=P->14,*3>=]=S>89*2&9.(8`=I389.9:9*=+47=E(414,>`=E;41:9.43=&3)=D.;*78.9>`=G4*9-*8U3.;*78.9>= F7&30+:79=&_=M_`=G*72&3>=J4N=:2 '.4_:3.8+7&30+:79_)*`=K1:882&338K41' '.4_:3.8+7&30+:79_)* ,S9&&91.N= *8=M:8*:2=+:*7=N&9:70:3)*=S9:=,&79`=S9:=,&79`=G*72&3>======>&743_2&104<80> 3&9:70:3)*2:8*:28'<_)* -U3.;*78.9C9801.3.0:2=G.*I*3=:3)=M&7':7,=G2'H=:=C*39*7=+47=R&).414,>`=D*59_=4+=R&).414,>`=G.*88*3`= G*72&3>=M&7.&3_K&258N=:19* 7&).41_2*)_:3.8,.*88*3_)* .RJL=M.(74=]=A3&1>9.(=G2'H`=K&718)47+8N*:9-&7)`=G*72&3>=2/-*3*0& 7/182.(74&3&1>9.(_)* D*5*3)&'1*= 8-*11= (-&7&(9*78= &7*= )*Q=(.*39= .3= (&7>(-..)= 2.(74,&897454)8= E:5:1243&9&`= E114'.4.)*&_=T&=4342.898=-&;*=7*1.*)=:543=;&7.&'1*=(-&7&(9*78=8:(-=&8=9-*=548.9.43=&3)= 9-*=)*,7**=4+=8.3:48.9>=4+=9-*=5&7.*9&1=1&2*11&`=8-*11=).2*38.438`=*=9*73&1=8(:159:7*=&3)= &5*79:7*= )*39.9.43= .3= )*1.2.9&9.3,= 85*(.*8_= T-*8*= (-&7&(9*78= &7*= -.,-1>= 8:8(*59.'1*= 94= 5-*349>5.(=51&89.(.9>=&3)=-&;*='**3=8:'/*(9*)=94=&=-&?>=-.8947>=4+=+7*6:*391>=.3&)*6:&9*= &3)=4V=*3=8:'/*(9.;*=85*(.*8=)*8.,3&9.438_=R*85*(9.3,=*&71.*7=9&=4342.(=)*8.,3&9.438='&8*)= 43=9-*8*=(-&7&(9*78`=7*(*39=241*(:1&7=.3;*89.,&9.438=-&;*=7*;*&1*)=9-&9=9-*=2475-485*(.*8= 89&9:8=4+=9<4=E:745*&3=C&7>(-.:2=2*2'*78=C_=2&7.&*=P&:1:((.`=+212=&3)=C_=-*11*3.(:2`= B&30= ]= G.=*3'*7,*7`= +32/= (4257.8*= 1.3*&,*8= 4+= 9-*= ->,745-.1.(= C_= 2.3.2:2= M:*11*7`= +11._= O3= 9-*= 49-*7= -&3)`= 9-*8*= 8&2*= .3;*89.,&9.438= 7*;*&1*)= 9-&9= 9-*= N479-=A2*7.(&3= 2475-485*(.*8=C_=89>,.:2=C&11`=+231=&3)=C_=*=.1*=(+_=2*=.(&3:2=P.18'7>`=+23+=(4389.9:9*=&= 8.3,1*=9&=43=&3)=9-&9=3*.9-*7=9-*=85*(.*8=89&9:8=4+=C_=89>,.:2=347=9-*=8:'85*(.*8=7&30=4+=C_= *=.1*=(+_=2*=.(&3:2=-41)_=T-*8*=.3;*89.,&9.438=349=431>=:3)*78(47*)=9-*=8:'/*(9.;*=851.=.3,= 57&(9.(*=4+=9&=4342.898=4+=>47*`=':9=&184=)*243897&9*=9-*=3**)=+47=247*=(438.89*39`=7*1.&'1*= 2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78=94=8:T==(.*391>=)*8.,3&9*=9-.8=+7*6:*391>=2.8:3)*78944)=,74:5_= M*9-4)8=8:(-=&8=8(&33.3,=*1*(9743=2.(748(45>=SEM=&3)==87&>=3&349424,7&5->=-&;*= *3&'1*)= :8= 94= (4774'47&9*= 034<3= .3+472&9.43= &8= <*11= &8= 94= )*9*(9= 3*<= 897:(9:7*8_= O:7= 89:).*8=8-4<=9-&9=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78=8:(-=&8=5.=.3,=43=9-*=57494(43(-=&3)=.39*7.47= 8-*11= 7*84759.43= &7*= (438.89*39= +47= 9-*= C&7>(-..)&*_= A= C&7>(-.:289>5*`= 7-.5.)4,1488&9*= 7&):1&=-&8='**3=.3;*89.,&9*)=.3=43*=2475-485*(.*8=4+=Z485*:2=&3)=9<4=2475-485*(.*8= 4+=C&7>(-.:2=C_=89>,.:2=&3)=C_=-*11*3.(:2=C_=2.3.2:2_=U5=94=34<`=9-.8=7&):1&=9>5*=-&8= '**3=8*,7*,&9*)=&3)=)*8(7.'*)=.3=431>=&=+*<=(&7>(-..)=2*2'*78_=F.3*=(7>89&11.3*=':=7*88*8= .3= 9-*= ).&5-&34:8= 8-*11= <&118= 4+= +4:7= .3;*89.,&9*)= &15.3*=Z485*:2= 2475-485*(.*8= -&;*= '**3= 7*;*&1*)_= C438.89*39= .3= 9*3= Z485*:2= &3)= Q=V=**3= C&7>(-.:2= 2475-485*(.*8= &7*= 7*,:1&71>= &3,:1&7`= 89&51*81.0*= (7>89&114,7&5-.(= <*),*8= 14(&9*)= 43= 9-*= 5&7.*9&1= 1&2*11&*_= T-*8*=897:(9:7*8=2&>=<*11=8*7;*=94=&(-.*;*=2:8(:1&7=97&(9.43=):7.3,=9-*=548.9.43.3,=&3)= ABSTRACTS +-3
9:73.3,=4+=9-*=:3<.*1)>=(&7>(-..)=8-*11_=I3;*89.,&9.43=4+=+7&(9:7*8=4+=9-*=C_=2.3.2:2=8-*11= -&8=7*;*&1*)=&3=.39*78*(9*)=(7488=51&9>=1&2.3&9*=&7(-.9*(9:7*_=I3+472&9.43=,1*&3*)=+742= 9-.8= .3;*89.,&9.43= 45*38= 89.11= *;*3= 247*= <.3)4<8= +47= (-&7&(9*7= )*8.,3&9.43= <.9-.3= 9-*= C&7>(-..)&*_
T._O+2 SPECIES=DIVERSITY=OF=MANGROVE=GASTROPODS= IN=THE=INDO8WEST=PACIFIC T. T7.(.&=G4:1).3, U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&=&9=M*7(*)`=/,**=N479-=L&0*=R4&)`=M*7(*)`=CA=30-.*`=USA D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=P*338>1;&3.&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=,*2=M:*11*7=L&'47&947>`=U3.;*78.9>=P&70`= PA=+02*,`=USA=9(_,4:1).3, ,2&.1_(42 M&3,74;*8=&7*=(422431>=+4:3)=.3=9-*=9745.(&1=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(`=<.9-=9-*=-.,-*89=97**= 85*(.*8=).;*78.9>='*9<**3=S:2&97&=&3)=P&5:&=N*<=G:.3*&_=A19-4:,-=2&3,74;*8=&7*=&= -&78-=-&'.9&9=<.9-=;&7.&'1*=5->8.(&1=+&(9478`=&3.2&18=&7*=&':3)&39=&3)=).;*78*_=H4<*;*7`= &3.2&1=).;*78.9>=.3=2&3,74;*8=.8=89.11=54471>=034<3`=*85*(.&11>=+47=.3;*79*'7&9*8_=R.,474:8= 9&=4342>=.8=(7.9.(&1=94='*=*7=:3)*789&3)=2&3,74;*8=&8=&3=*(48>89*2`='*=*7=2&3&,*=&3)= 57*8*7;*= 9-*2`= &3)= &))7*88= +:3)&2*39&1= 6:*89.438= .3= 5&=*738= 4+= 85*(.*8= ).897.':9.43_= O:7=1&'=-&8='**3=:3)*79&0.3,=*=9*38.;*=Q=*1)<470=.3=9-*=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(`=5&79.(:1&71>= S4:9-8E&89=A8.&`= 94= (411*(9= 3*<`= +7*8-= 2&9*7.&1= 4+= 2&3,74;*= ,&897454)8_= S5*(.*8= 4+= &11= ,&897454)= 9&=&= &7*= '*.3,= )*1.3*&9*)= :8.3,= 2475-414,.(&1= &3)= 241*(:1&7= )&9&_= B&8*)= 43=COI=8*6:*3(*8`=85*(.*8=&7*=89743,1>=8*5&7&9*)=.394=7*(.574(&11>=24345->1*9.(=:3.98a= ,*3*9.(=).;*7,*3(*8=<.9-.3=:3.98=0+=&7*=&1<&>8=2:(-=14<*7=9-&3=).;*7,*3(*8='*9<**3= :3.98=1/_=T-:8=+&7`=4:7=)&9&=8*9=(439&.38=/-=85*(.*8=4+=43(-.)..)=81:,8=&3)=31=85*(.*8=4+= 83&.18`=2&3>=4+=<-.(-=&7*=*114'..)8='>=+&7=9-*=2489=).;*78*=9&=43=4+=83&.18_=S*;*7&1=(&8*8=4+= 85*(.*8=)*1.3*&9.43=<.11='*=.11:897&9*)`=:8.3,=2&.31>=*114'..)8=&3)=43(-.)..)8`=9<4=,74:58= 9-&9=&7*=(:77*391>='*.3,=7*;.8*)=.3=4:7=1&'a=+=85*(.*8=9-&9=&7*=2475-414,.(&11>=).89.3(9=&3)= (&3='*=*&8.1>=7*(4,3.?*)=.3=9-*=Q=*1)b=,=85*(.*8=9-&9=&7*=-.,-1>=;&7.&'1*=2475-414,.(&11>= &3)=(4:1)=*&8.1>='*=2.8.39*757*9*)=&8=2:19.51*=85*(.*8=.3=9-*=Q=*1)b=-=(7>59.(=85*(.*8=9-&9= (&3349='*=).89.3,:.8-*)='&8*)=43=*=9*73&1=2475-414,>`=':9=&7*=(1*&71>=).89.3(9=1.3*&,*8_= S42*=342*3(1&9:7&1=.88:*8=<.11=&184='*='7.*R=>=).8(:88*)_
T._O+3 OUT=OF=THE=MARINE=MESOPSAMMON`=INTO=THE=PAN8=PULMONATE= WORLDa=HISTORICAL=BIOGEOGRAPHY=AND=HABITAT=SHIFTS=IN=THE= EVOLUTION=OF=ACOCHLIDIAN=SLUGS K&9-&7.3&=M_=J7,*7`=T.2*&=P_=N*:88*7`=B&89.&3=B7*3?.3,*7`=M.N=&*1=SN=7)1 SNSB8B&;&7.&3=S9&9*=C411*(9.43=4+=Z4414,>`=D*5&792*39=M411:8(&`=M33(--&:8*3897_=,+`= 2+,.1=M33(-*3`=G*72&3>b D*5&792*39=B.414,>=II`=L:)<.,8M&=.2.1.&388U3.;*78.9>`=G74I-&)*73*7=S97_=,`=2,+/,= P1&3*,,8M&79.387.*)`=G*72&3>=K&9-&7.3&_J4*7,*7 ?82_2<3_)*`=3*:88*7 '.4_12:_)*`======'&89.&3_'7*3?.3,*7 &7(47_)*`=M.(-&*1_S(-74*)1 ?82_2<3_)* M41*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(8=-&;*=(-&11*3,*)=4:7=(43;*39.43&1=(1&88.Q=(&9.43=4+=*:9->3*:7&3= ,&897454)8= &3)= 51&(*)= 97&).9.43&1= 45.89-4'7&3(-= 47= 14<*7= -*9*74'7&3(-= (1&)*8= 8:(-= &8= S&(4,1488&`= A(4(-1.).&= &3)= P>7&2.)*114.)*&= .394= 8.89*7,74:5= 7*1&9.438-.58= +.* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
<.9-= *89&'1.8-*)= 5:1243&9*= 9&=&_= W*=57*8*39= &= (4257*-*38.;*= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3>= 43= &(4(-1.).&3= 81:,8= '&8*)= 43= &= ,14'&1= 8&251.3,= 9-&9= (4;*78= 2,_/= 4+= 9-*= )*8(7.'*)= ).;*78.9>=&3)=&)).9.43&11>=3*&71>=)4:'1*8=034<3=).;*78.9>='>=:3)*8(7.'*)=9&=&_=O:7= 5->14,*3*9.(= ->549-*8.8= .8= 1&7,*1>= (43,7:*39= <.9-= 57*;.4:8= 2475-414,.(&1= &3&1>8*8= &3)=574;.)*8=&=74':89=+7&2*<470=94=97&(*=9-*=*;41:9.43&7>=-.8947>=4+=A(4(-1.).&_=T4= )4= 84`= <*= (43):(9*)= 241*(:1&7= (14(0= &3&1>8*8= &3)= 7*(43897:(9*)= &3(*897&1= &7*&8= &8= <*11=&8=9-*=&3(*897&1=89&9*8=4+=2&/47=*(414,.(&1=97&.98_=B&8*)=43=4:7=)&9&`=9-*=A(4(-1.).&= T. 47.,.3&9*)= +742= &= 2&7.3*`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`=&3)=&7*=7*897.(9*)=94=9-*=2&7.3*=2*8458&2243_=M41*(:1&7=)&9&=7*;*&18=9-&9=9-*= 2&/47.9>=4+=2.(74-*)>1&(*&3=).;*78.9>='*143,8=94=58*:)48(7>59.(=85*(.*8=<.9-=)**5= ,*3*9.(=).;*7,*3(*8`=.3).(&9.3,=143,=7*574):(9.;*=.841&9.43_=I3=(4397&89`=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+= H*)>1458&(*&=.8=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=&=8*7.*8=4+=.3)*5*3)*39=-&'.9&9=8-.V=8=4:9=4+=9-*=2&7.3*= 2*8458&2243`=(436:*7.3,=8*2.89*77*897.&1=&3)=1.23.(=-&'.9&98=<-.1*=7**89&'1.8-.3,=&= '*39-.(=1.+*89>1*_=T-*=2&/47=7&).&9.438=&3)=-&'.9&9=8-.V=8=.3=-*)>1458&(*&3=+&2.1.*8=4((:7= .3=9-*=(*397&1=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(=&3)=(&3='*=7*1&9*)=94=9*(943.(=*;*398=.3=9-*=&7*&_ T-.8=89:)>=43=&(4(-1.).&3=5->14,*3>=&3)='.4,*4,7&5->=&))8=&349-*7=+&(*9=94=9-*=>*9= (4251*==5&38=5:1243&9*=*;41:9.43=&3)=-.,-1.,-98=9-*=;&7.4:8=5&7&11*1=5&9-<&>8=.3= <-.(-=9-*8*=83&.18=&3)=81:,8=.3;&)*)=34382&7.3*=-&'.9&98_
T._O,* DIVERSITY=OF=SIPHONARIA=LIMPETS=GASTROPODAa=EUTHYNEURA= FROM=THE=INDO8WEST=PACIFIC B*349=D&>7&9 D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=P*338>1;&3.&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=U3.;*78.9>=P&70`=PA=+02*,`=USA======')&>7&9 ,2&.1_(42 S.5-43&7.& =1.25*98=&7*=(42243=.3=9-*=74(0>=.39*79.)&1`=<471)<.)*`=*=(*59=.3=9-*=A7(9.(_= T-*7*= &7*= ,*/= 85*(.*88,74:5= 3&2*8= 9-&9= &7*= &;&.1&'1*= &3)= 349= 5*72&3*391>= .3;&1.)_= H4<*;*7`=*89.2&9.3,=9-*=&(9:&1=85*(.*8=).;*78.9>=-&8=7*2&.3*)=(-&11*3,.3,_=P&89=&:9-478= -&;*=.39*757*9*)=8-*11=;&7.&9.43=).S=*7*391>`=7*8:19.3,=.3=).S=*7*39=9&=4342.(=&((4:398_= S5*(.*8=).;*78.9>=4+=S.5-43&7.&=1.25*98=.3=9-*=9745.(&1=&3)=8:'9745.(&1=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(= +742=*&89*73=A+7.(&=94=H&<&..=.8=*;&1:&9*)='&8*)=43=DNA=8*6:*3(*8=COI`=+,S`=&3)=+0S_= T-*=(:77*39=)&9&=8*9=.3(1:)*8=3*<=8*6:*3(*8=+47=+/,=.3).;.):&18a=+,-=.3).;.):&18=<*7*= (411*(9*)=+742=3-=14(&9.438=&(7488=9-*=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(`=&3)=,3=.3).;.):&18=7*57*8*39= 85*(.*8=+742=9-*=7*89=4+=9-*=<471)_=I3=949&1`=,3=85*(.*8=&7*=7*(4,3.?*)=+742=9-*=I3)48 W*89=P&(.Q=(`=&11=4+=<-.(-=&7*=89743,1>=8:55479*)_=P49*39.&1=3&2*8='&8*)=43=97&).9.43&1= 9&=4342>= &3)= 342*3(1&9:7&1= .88:*8= <.11= '*= ).8(:88*)_= I397&8= &3)= .39*7885*(.Q=(= 8-*11= ;&7.&9.43=<.11='*=).8(:88*)=.3=9-*=1.,-9=4+=3*<=241*(:1&7=7*8:198a=8-*11=;&7.&9.43=.8=-.,-= &3)= 4;*71&58= &= ,7*&9= )*&1= '*9<**3= 85*(.*8_= G*4,7&5-.(&11>`= 34= S.5-43&7.&= 85*(.*8= .8= ).897.':9*)=&(7488=9-*=*39.7*=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(_=I389*&)`=6:.9*=&=+*<=85*(.*8=&7*=*3)*2.(= 47=7*897.(9*)=94=8:'87*,.438=<.9-.3=9-*=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(_=T-*='.4,*4,7&5->=4+=S.5-43&7.&= .3=9-*=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(=<.11='*='7.*R=>=(425&7*)=94=49-*7=,74:58_ ABSTRACTS +.+
T._P+ DNA=BARCODING=OF=PHILIPPINE=HELICARIONIDS= GASTROPODAa=PULMONATA J47)&3=F*7).3=A_=H&1.1.+`-`=G.?*11*=A_=B&942&1&6:*+`=R>&3=C_=)*=C-&;*?,`= N*3,.*=L*&3)*7=C_=F.,:*7&8+`=I&3=K*3)7.(-=C_=F439&3.11&+`- +I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8=:=D.1.2&3=/+-&1.1. >&-44_(42= ,I3989.9:9*=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8=:=L48=B&48 T. -N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8=:=D.1.2&3 DNA='&7(4).3,=.8=&=241*(:1&7=2*9-4)=4+=.)*39.+>.3,=47,&3.828='&8*)=43=&=8-479=1*3,9-= 8*6:*3(*=4+=.98=,*342*_=T-.8=89:)>=&.2*)=94='&7(4)*=9*77*897.&1=83&.18='*143,.3,=94=9-*= +&2.1>=H*1.(&7.43.)&*=+4:3)=.3=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8_=A=949&1=4+=Q=;*=85*(.*8`=3&2*1>=R>8849&= ?*:8=3-,`=R_=8&,.=.+*7&='&9&3.(&=3-/`=&3)=9-*=P-.1.55.3*=*3)*2.(=H*2.,1>59&=8*25*7.= 3--`=R_=49&-*.9&3&=3-1`=&3)=R_=1&2&7(0.&3&=3-.`=<*7*='&7(4)*)=:8.3,=9-*=89&3)&7)= 2&70*7=(>94(-742*=(=4=.)&8*=I=COI=,*3*_=A=+:79-*7=9<4=,*3*7&`=H*2.,1>59&=85_=3--= &3)=L*5.)497.(-.&=85_=3--`=<*7*=&184=.3(1:)*)_=H*1.(&7.43.)=.3).;.):&18=<*7*=4'9&.3*)= +742=;&7.4:8=8.9*8=.3=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8=B&9&3*8`=B.(41`=L*>9*`=M.3)474`=&3)=9-*=P41.1.4= G74:5=4+=I81&3)8_=H.,-*89=8*6:*3(*=).;*7,*3(*=<&8=+4:3)=<.9-.3=9-*=+&2.1>=1*;*1=2*&3= K,P= ).89&3(*-+1_.,= &3)= 1*&89= <.9-.3= 9-*= 85*(.*8= 1*;*1= 2*&3= K,P= ).89&3(*-,_3,_= T-*= COI= 2&70*7= :8*)= <&8= &'1*= 94= ).89.3,:.8-= '*9<**3= 85*(.*8= <.9-.3= 9-*= +&2.1>= H*1.(&7.43.)&*_=N*.,-'478/4.3.3,=97**='&8*)=43=9-*=K.2:7&8,85&7&2*9*7=24)*1=4+=DNA= 8:'89.9:9.43= 8-4<8= 9-&9= R>8849&= .8= 349= 24345->1*9.(_= B>= *2514>.3,= DNA= '&7(4).3,`= <*= (&3= (4251*2*39= (:77*39= 7*8*&7(-= .3= &7*&8= 8:(-= &8= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3*9.(8= &3)= 545:1&9.43=,*3*9.(8=4+=9-.8=:3)*789:).*)=9&=43_
T._P, MOLECULAR=TAXONOMY=OF=VIANA=REGINA=MORELET`=+2.3=IN=CUBA= GASTROPODA`=NERITIMORPHA`=HELICINIDAE J&3*=H*77*7&+`=K&7.3=B7*:,*12&38,`=T-.*77>=B&(0*1/&:,`- +M:8*4=N&(.43&1=)*=H.8947.&=N&9:7&1=)*=C:'&`=O'.854=0+`=CP8+*+**`=H&'&3&=V.*/&`=C:'&======/&3*-: 23-3(_.3+_(:= ,R4>&1=B*1,.&3=I389.9:9*=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8=JEMU`=V&:9.*7897&&9=,3`=B8+***=B7:88*18`=B*1,.:2======K&7.3_B7*:,*12&38 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_'*`=T-.*77>_B&(0*1/&: 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_'* -E;41:9.43&7>=E(414,>=G74:5`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=A39<*75`=G74*3*3'47,*71&&3=+1+`=B8,*,*=A39<*75`=B*1,.:2 C:'&= -&8= &= 7.(-= 9*77*897.&1= 2&1&(4+&:3&= <.9-= 1= +-**= 85*(.*8= 4+= <-.(-= &'4:9= 3/= &7*= *3)*2.(_= O3*= 4+= 9-*= *2'1*2&9.(= 85*(.*8= .8= V.&3&= 7*,.3&= M47*1*9`= +2.3`= <-.(-= .8= &3= *3)*2.(=9&=43=.3=9-*=7*,.43=4+=P.3&7=)*1=R.4_=C:77*391>`=9-*=85*(.*8=.8=).;.)*)=.3=9-7**= 8:'85*(.*8=<.9-=7*1&9.;*1>=<*118)*Q=3*)=).897.':9.43=&7*&8`=;.?_=V_=7_=7*,.3&=S.*77&=)*=V.&1*8= 94=S474&`=V_=7_=1&*;.,&9&=P+*.S=*7`=+20/=S.*77&=)*=148=O7,&348=&3)=V_=7_=8:':3,:.(:1&9&= P4*>`=+2/3=S.*77&=)*=G:&3*=94=S.*77&=)*=Q:*2&)4_=T-*=9-7**=9&=&=).S=*7=431>=.3=&=+*<= 8:'91*=&3)=-.,-1>=;&7.&'1*=(43(-414,.(&1=+*&9:7*8`=.3(1:).3,=8-*11=(4147=5&=*738=&3)=9-*= +472=4+=9-*=5*7.8942&1=1.5_=S42*=&:9-478=-&;*=*;*3=8:,,*89*)=9-&9=9-*=;&7.&9.43=.3=9-*8*= (-&7&(9*78=2&>=7*R=*(9=*(45-*349>5.(`=7&9-*7=9-&3=8:'85*(.Q=(`=).S=*7*39.&9.43_=A8=8:(-`= 9-*= 8.,3.Q=(&3(*= 4+= 9-*8*= 8:5548*)1>= 9&=43885*(.Q=(= ).S=*7*3(*8= &3)= 9-*= (43(42.9&39= 9&=4342.(= .39*757*9&9.43= 4+= 9-*= 9-7**= 8:'85*(.*8= 3**)= (4774'47&9.43_= T-*7*+47*= <*= &3&1>?*)=3:(1*49.)*=8*6:*3(*=;&7.&9.43=4+=9-7**=29DNA=COI`=+0S=7RNA`=C>9='=&3)= +., AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
9<4=3:(1*&7=ITS8+`=ITS8,=,*3*=+7&,2*398=.3=3.3*=V_=7*,.3&=545:1&9.438=+0/=85*(.2*38`= 7*57*8*39.3,= 9-*= 9-7**= 8:'85*(.*8_= T-*8*= 8*6:*3(*= )&9&= <*7*= :8*)= +47= 5->14,*3*9.(= 7*(43897:(9.43=&3)=DNA='&7(4).3,`=8-4<.3,=9-&9=9-*=9-7**=8:'85*(.*8=&7*=(438.89*391>= ).S=*7*39.&9*)=:3)*7=&=5->14,*3*9.(=1.3*&,*=85*(.*8=(43(*59_=T-*=9-7**=9&=&=&184=8**2= 94= 8-4<= &= 89743,= ,*4,7&5-.(= 897:(9:7.3,_= T-*= .251.(&9.438= 4+= 9-*8*= 7*8:198= <.11= '*= ).8(:88*)=.3=9-*=1.,-9=4+=+:9:7*=(438*7;&9.43=51&38=+47=V_=7*,.3&_=
T. T._P- NEW=INSIGHTS=ON=THE=PHYLOGENETIC=POSITION=OF=THE= HELICID=SPECIES=CYLINDRUS=OBTUSUS=BASED=ON=NUCLEAR=AND= MITOCHONDRIAL=DNA=MARKER=SEQUENCES L:.8=C&)&-c&8L47*3?4+`=J48*+=H&71,`=H*12:9=S&=2&33-`=M.(-&*1=D:)&-`= L:.8*=K7:(0*3-&:8*7,`=Z419@3=F*-S7.`=L&:7&=Z455,`=E1.8&'*9-=H&7.3,, +C*397*=+47=E(414,.(&1=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=S>39-*8.8=CEES`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=O814`=P_B_=+*00`=B1.3)*73`= *-+0`=O814`=N47<&>=1:.8_(&)&-.& ,2&.1_(42 ,C*397&1=R*8*&7(-=L&'47&947.*8`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&======/48*+_-&71 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=1:.8*_07:(0*3-&:8*7 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=1&:7&_?455 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`= *1.8&'*9-_-&7.3, 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 -T-.7)=Z4414,.(&1=D*5&792*39`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&======-*12:9_8&=2&33 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=2.(-&*1_):)& 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 .H:3,&7.&3=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=B:)&5*89`=H:3,&7>=+*-*7 3-2:8_-: C>1.3)7:8= 4'9:8:8= .8= &3= *3)*2.(= 4+= 9-*= *&89*73= A158_= B*8.)*8= 2&3>= .39*7*89.3,= 5*(:1.&7.9.*8=.3='.414,>`=*(414,>=&3)=&3&942>`=.98=8>89*2&9.(=548.9.43=8**28=*3.,2&9.(= &3)= -&8= '**3= ).8(:88*)= (43974;*78.&11>= .3= 9-*= 5&89_= I98= ,*3.9&1= &3&942>`= -.,-1>= (438.89*39=<.9-=9-*=,*3:8=A7.&39&`=-&8=1*)=94=51&(.3,=9-*=85*(.*8=<.9-.3=9-*=+&2.1>= H*1.(.)&*`=8:'+&2.1>=A7.&39.3&*_=H4<*;*7`=C_=4'9:8:8=8-4<8=&=(4385.(:4:8=&'*77&39= 8-*11=+472=<.9-.3=9-.8=,74:5=:=&11=49-*7=7*57*8*39&9.;*8=).851&>=,14':1&7=47=247*=47= 1*88=)*57*88*)=8-*118=:=&3)=.9=-&8=&=,*4,7&5-.(&11>=&3)=*(414,.(&11>=7&9-*7=7*897.(9*)= ).897.':9.43_= T-.8= 7&.8*8= 6:*89.438= &'4:9= 9-*= &,*= 4+= 9-*= 85*(.*8`= .98= *;41:9.43&7>= -.8947>=&3)=.98=7*1&9.438-.58=<.9-.3=A7.&39.3&*_=H*7*=<*=9*89*)=9-*=57*8:2*)=8.89*7= ,74:5=7*1&9.438-.5=4+=A7.&39&=&3)=C>1.3)7:8=:8.3,=5->14,*3*9.(=2*9-4)8`=.3(1:).3,= &)).9.43&1= ,*3*7&= 4+=A7.&39.3&*= &3)= 4+= 842*= 49-*7= 8:'+&2.1.*8= 4+= H*1.(.)&*_= F.;*= 241*(:1&7= 2&70*78= <*7*= :8*)a= 5&79.&1= 8*6:*3(*8= 4+= 9-7**= 2.94(-43)7.&1= ,*3*8`= (>94(-742*= 4=.)&8*= 8:':3.9= +`= +,S= 7RNA= &3)= +0S= 7RNA`=&3)=9<4=3:(1*&7=,*3*8=+47= -.8943*=-=&3)=-.8943*=._=P->14,*3*9.(=97**8=(&1(:1&9*)=:8.3,=B&>*8.&3=2*9-4)8=8-4<= 9-&9=9-*=(148*89=7*1&9.;*=4+= C_=4'9:8:8= .8=.3)**)=9-*=,*3:8= A7.&39&`= <.9-= &'4:9= ,*= 5= ).89&3(*= '*9<**3= 9-*= 9<4= 9&=&_= F:79-*7247*`= 9-*= &3&1>8*8= 574;.)*)= .38.,-98= 7*,&7).3,=5->14,*3*9.(=7*1&9.438-.58=<.9-.3=A7.&39.3&*_=A8=34=+488.18=4+=C_=4'9:8:8= -&;*='**3=+4:3)`=*=(*59=842*=7&7*=&3)=574'&'1>=>4:3,=Q=3).3,8=<.9-.3=9-*=*=9&39= ).897.':9.43= 7&3,*= .3= 9-*= E&89*73=A158`= 34= 7*1.&'1*= )&9.3,= 4+= 9-*= &,*= 4+= 9-*= 851.9= '*9<**3=C>1.3)7:8=&3)=A7.&39&=.8=&;&.1&'1*_=O:7=Q=3).3,8=:3)*71.3*=9-*=7*1*;&3(*=4+= ,*3.9&1=&3&942.(&1=(-&7&(9*78=+47=9&=4342.(=.88:*8`=45*3.3,=9-*=6:*89.43=&8=94=<->= 9-*= 8-*11= 2475-414,>= .3= 9-.8= 85*(.*8= .8= 84= ).S=*7*39= +742= .98= (148*89= 7*1&9.;*8`= &3)= <-*9-*7=.98=7*897.(9*)=).897.':9.43`=-&'.9&9=57*+*7*3(*8=&3)=*(414,.(&1=7*6:.7*2*398`= &143,=<.9-=.98=*;41:9.43&7>=-.8947>`=(&3=*=51&.3=9-.8=5-*349>5.(=).S=*7*3(*_ ABSTRACTS +.-
T._P. PHYLOGEOGRAPHY=AND=SUBSPECIES=CLASSIFICATION=OF= CLAUSILIA=DUBIA=DRAPARNAUD=+2*/=IN=EAST=AUSTRIA= GASTROPODAa=PULMONATAa=CLAUSILIIDAE K&9-&7.3&=J&08(-+`=-`=H*12:9=S&=2&33+`=L:.8*=K7:(0*3-&:8*7,`=M.(-&*1=D:)&+`= J48*+=H&71,`=E1.8&'*9-=H&7.3,,`=- +T-.7)=Z4414,.(&1=D*5&792*39`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&======T. 0&9-&7.3&_/&08(- 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=-*12:9_8&=2&33 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`= 2.(-&*1_):)& 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 ,C*397&1=R*8*&7(-=L&'47&947.*8`=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`=A:897.&======1:.8*_07:(0*3-&:8*7 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=/48*+_-&71 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 -D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=A19-&3897&I*=+.`=+*3*=V.*33&`=A:897.&= *1.8&'*9-_-&7.3, 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 C1&:8.1.)8=&7*=43*=4+=9-*=2489=85*(.*887.(-=,74:58=&243,=1&3)=83&.18_=I3=A:897.&=9-*>= &7*=;*7>=&':3)&39=.3=9-*=&15.3*=7*,.43=.3-&'.9.3,=).S=*7*39=-&'.9&98_=I3=9-.8=89:)>=<*= .3;*89.,&9*=C1&:8.1.&=):'.&=D7&5&73&:)=+2*/`=&=85*(.*8=<-.(-=).851&>8=&='74&)=;&7.&'.1.9>= .3= .98= 2475-414,>`= &3)= -*3(*= -&8= '**3= 8:').;.)*)= .394= 8*;*7&1= 8:'85*(.*8_= T-.8= (1&88.Q=(&9.43=<&8=7*&88*88*)='>=2475-414,.(&1=&3&1>8*8=;&7.4:8=8-*11=(-&7&(9*78=&3)= +47= 9-*= Q=789= 9.2*= '>= 241*(:1&7= &3&1>8*8= 5&79.&1= 8*6:*3(*8= 4+= 9-*= 2.94(-43)7.&1= COI= ,*3*_=I3=A:897.&=+1=8:'85*(.*8=4+=C_=):'.&=-&;*='**3=)*8(7.'*)`=+-=4+=9-*2=4((:7=.3=9-*= .3;*89.,&9*)=&7*&=4+=9-*=N479-*73=C&1(&7*4:8=A158=4+=*&89*73=A:897.&_=T-*=.3).;.):&1= ).897.':9.43=&7*&8=4+=9-*8*=8:'85*(.*8=4V=*3=4;*71&5=&3)=842*=8:'85*(.*8=4((:7=*;*3= 8>3945.(&11>_ T-*=&.2=4+=4:7=89:)>=<&8=94=*;&1:&9*=<-*9-*7=9-*=)*8(7.'*)=8:'85*(.*8=&7*=,*3*9.(&11>= &3)247=2475-414,.(&11>=).S=*7*39.&9*)_=M47*4;*7`=<*=<&39*)=94=Q=3)=4:9=<-*9-*7=9-*= 2475-414,.(&1= &3)= 9-*= ,*3*9.(= 7*8:198= &7*= .3= &((47)&3(*_= T-*= )*9*72.3&9.43= 4+= 9-*= 8:'85*(.*8= 574;*)= 94= '*= ).T==(:19`= ':9= 9-*7*= &7*= 842*= 8:'91*= (-&7&(9*7= (42'.3&9.438`= <-.(-= &114<*)= 94= ).89.3,:.8-= 9-*2_= F47= &3= *&8.*7= (1&88.Q=(&9.43= 9-*= 8:'85*(.*8= <*7*= 2*7,*)=.394=+4:7=2475-4,74:58_=H4<*;*7`=3*.9-*7=<.9-=9-*=2475-42*97.(`=347=<.9-= 9-*=241*(:1&7=7*8:198=&=8*5&7&9.43=4+=&3>=4+=9-*=)*8(7.'*)=8:'85*(.*8=47=2475-4,74:58= <&8=8:55479*)_=H*3(*`=9-*=;&1.).9>=4+=9-*=)*8(7.'*)=8:'85*(.*8=&55*&78=)4:'9+:1_=
T._P/ PHYLOGENETIC=RELATIONSHIPS=AND=DISTRIBUTION=OF=THE= ENIGMATIC=SEMISLUG=AILLYA=GASTROPODAa=AILLYIDAE B*73-&7)=H&:8)47++`=T4789*3=W74380., +Z4414,.(&1=M:8*:2`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H&2':7,`=M&79.38L:9-*78K.3,8P1&9?=-`=D8,*+.0=H&2':7,`=G*72&3>= -&:8)47+ ?4414,.*_:3.8-&2':7,_)* ,D*5&792*39=4+=W.1)1.+*=&3)=A6:&9.(=R*84:7(*=M&3&,*2*39`=F&(:19>=4+=V*9*7.3&7>=M*).(.3*`= U2:9&7&=P41>9*(-3.(_=PO=B4==/1`=N>&,&9&7*`=R<&3)&=9<74380. ,2=_)* A.11>&=.8=&3=*3.,2&9.(=A+7.(&3=8*2.81:,`=<-.(-=<&8=47.,.3&11>=(1&88.Q=*)=.3=9-*=A2*7.(&3= A25-.':1.2.3&*= O79-&1.(4.)*&= '>= O)-3*7_= B&0*7= *89&'1.8-*)= &= 8*5&7&9*= +&2.1>= +47= 9-.8= ,74:5= &3)= .3(1:)*)= .9= 94,*9-*7= <.9-= 9-*= S:((.3*.)&*= &3)= A9-47&(45-47.)&*= .3= 9-*= 8:'47)*7= H*9*7:7*9-7&_= M.3.(-*;= ]= S1&;48-*;80&/&= 8:').;.)*)= 9-*= H*9*7:7*9-7&= *;*3=.394=9-7**=8*5&7&9*=47)*78=&3)=.3974):(*)=9-*=3&2*=A.11>.)&=+47=9-*=A.11>.)&*_=I3= (4397&89`=P.18'7>`=S41*2`=T.11.*7=&3)=;&3=M41=8:5548*)=9-&9=A.11>&=.8=2489=(148*1>=7*1&9*)= +.. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
94= 842*= 1.2&(4.)= ,74:58`= ._*_= H*1.(&7.43.)&*= 47= U74(>(1.)&*_= M41*(:1&7= 5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8*8='&8*)=43=ITS,=&3)=5&79.&1=,2S=7DNA=8*6:*3(*8=574;*)=9-&9=&11=9-*8*=->549-*8*8= <*7*=<743,_=R&9-*7`=A.11>.)&*=9:73*)=4:9=94='*143,=94=9-*=A(-&9.34.)*&_=T4,*9-*7=<.9-= 9-*=F*7:88&(..)&*=&3)=5*7-&58=9-*=M.(7&(9&*43.)&*`=9-*>=+472=9-*=8.89*7=,74:5=4+=9-*= 5&7&5->1*9.(=S:':1.3.)&*`=.3=<-.(-=A(-&9.3.)&*=&3)=T->745-47*11.)&*=&7*=3*89*)_=A.11>&= <&8=034<3=84=+&7=431>=+742=W*89*73=A+7.(&=C&2*7443`=N.,*7.&`=B.404=I81&3)_=H4<*;*7`= <*=(4:1)=8-4<=9-&9=.9=.8=2:(-=247*=<.)*857*&)=&3)=*=9*3)8=*&89<&7)8=94=U,&3)&_ T. T._P0 DISTRIBUTION=OF=THE=PORTUGUESE=ENDEMIC=HYGROMIID= CANDIDULA=COUDENSIS=HOLYOAK=]=HOLYOAK`=,*+* G43O&14=C&1&)4`=S:8&3&=D.&8`=F7&3(.8(4=M47*.7& D*5&79&2*394=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=V.)&b=E8(41&=)*=P8.(414,.&=*=C.U3(.&8=)&=V.)&=U3.;*78.)&)*= L:8+43&=)*=H:2&3.)&)*8=*=T*(3414,.&8=A;_=)4=C&254=G7&3)*`=-10=+1.38*,.=L.8'4&=P479:,&1======,43(&14_(&1&)4 :1:84+43&_59`=8:8&3&_).&8 :1:84+43&_59`=+7&3(.8(4_247*.7& :1:84+43&_59 C&3).):1&=(4:)*38.8=H41>4&0=]=H41>4&0`=,*+*=.8=&243,=9-*=2489=7*(*39=)*8(7.'*)=1&3)= 83&.18=+742=2&.31&3)=P479:,&1_=T-.8=7*(*39=)*8(7.59.43=)4*8=349=)*7.;*=+742=&=(1&7.Q=(&9.43= 4+=&=8*9=4+=85*(.*8=9-&9=<*7*=57*;.4:81>=:3)*7=9-*=8&2*=3&2*_=R&9-*7`=.9=.8=&=949&1=34;*19>= <.9-=&=;*7>=7*897.(9=).897.':9.43=9-&9=842*-4<=<&8=349=.3(1:)*)=.3=&3(.*39=&3)=24)*73= 8&251.3,=*S=4798_=I9=-&8=&=(4385.(:4:8`=7&9-*7=).89.3(9.;*`=&55*&7&3(*`=&3)=(4:1)=431>='*= 2.8.)*39.Q=*)=&8=C_=8*9:'&1*38.8=<-.(-=4((:78=+/*=02=94=9-*=84:9-_ I3=9-*=5&5*7=4+=.98=47.,.3&1=)*8(7.59.43`=C_=(4:)*38.8=.8='*1.*;*)=94=.3-&'.9=&3=&7*&=4+=1*88= 9-&3=+=86=02`=3*&7=V&1*=)&=C4:)&`=&=1.2*8943*=*3(74&(-2*39=57*)42.3&391>=4((:5.*)= '>=)<&7+=8(7:'1&3)8`=41.;*=,74;*8=&3)=49-*7=(7458=8:774:3)*)='>=1.2*8943*=<&118`=&3)= 7&7*=5&9(-*8=4+=P479:,:*8*=4&08_=B&8*)=43=9-&9=.3+472&9.43=<*=:3)*79440=&=8:7;*>=51&3=.3= 47)*7=94=)*9*72.3*=9-*=&(9:&1=7&3,*=4+=9-.8=85*(.*8_=W*=)*Q=3*)=&=,,,=86=02=,7.)=4;*7=0*=86= 02=*3(425&88.3,=V&1*=)&=C4:)&`=<-*7*=9-*=8*&7(-=4+=85*(.2*38=<&8=)43*=+742=J&3:&7>= 94=M&>=,*+-_=T-*=7*8:198=+742=4:7=8>89*2&9.(=8:7;*>=(4397.':9*)=94=.3(7*&8*=(438.)*7&'1>= 9-*=034<3=7&3,*=4+=9-*=85*(.*8_=N*;*79-*1*88=.9=.8=89.11=43*=4+=9-*=I'*7.&3=H>,742..)8=<.9-= &=8-479*7=).897.':9.43=7&3,*_=
T._P1 DO=COSMOPOLITANS=SPECIATE ANATOMICAL=DIVERSITY=OF=MYOSOTELLA=IN=AZORES A393.4=M_=)*=F7.&8=M&79.38`=A3&=R.9&=M&76:*8=M*3)*8 CIBIO`=C*3974=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=*2=B.4).;*78.)&)*=*=R*(:7848=G*3S9.(48`=I3BIO=L&'47&97.4=A884(.&)4`= P14=)48=AO47*8=:=D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=AO47*8`= P479:,&1=+7.&8 :&(_59`=&3&_89743, ,2&.1_(42= T-*=*114'..)=-&145-.1.(=,*3:8=M>4849*11&=M439*748&94`=+3*0`=.8=;*7>=).;*78*=2475-414,.(&11>_= H4<*;*7`=4<.3,=94=9-*=<.)*=7&3,*=4+=.397&545:1&9.43&1=(43(-414,.(&1=;&7.&9.43`=.98=.*(= 342.3&1=85*(.*8=-&;*='**3=8>343>2.?*)=.394=43*`=M>4849*11&=2>4849.8=D7&5&73&:)`=+2*+_= A3=E&89*73=E:745*&32M*).9*77&3*&3=85*(.*8`=.9=.8=857*&)=9-74:,-4:9=9-*=<471)`=-&;.3,= '**3=7*(47)*)=.3=9-*=M&(&743*8.&`=S4:9-=A+7.(&`=B*72:)&`=E&89*73=&3)=W*89*73=N479-= A2*7.(&`=W*89*73=S4:9-=A2*7.(&`=N*<=Z*&1&3)`=A:897&1.&_=T-.8=<471)<.)*=).897.':9.43= -&8='**3=*=51&.3*)='>=&39-7454,*3.(=(&:8*8`=(438.)*7.3,=9-*=)*;*1452*39=&3)=-&'.9&9= ABSTRACTS +./
7*6:.7*2*398= 4+= 9-*= 9&=43_= M>4849*11&= 2>4849.8= 1.;*8= +742= 9-*= 8:57&89.)&1= 94= &3= &12489= 9*77*897.&1=-&'.9&9`=.3=2&78-*8=&3)=(4''1*='*&(-*8`=<.9-89&3)8='7&(0.8-=<&9*7=&8=<*11=&8= 8&19=<&9*7`=8:7;.;*8=<*11=.3=24.89=-&'.9&98=&3)=7*8.898=94=.22*78.43=.3=8&19=<&9*7=+47=8*;*7&1= )&>8b=9-*=*,,8=&7*=1&.)=.3=,*1&9.34:8=2&88*8=&=&(-*)=94=9-*=8:'897&9*=74(0=47=5.*(*8=4+= <44)`=9-*=;*1.,*7=89&,*=.8=(4251*9*)=.38.)*=9-*=*,,=&3)=9-*=/:;*3.1*8=(7&<1=).7*(91>=94= 9-*=8:'897&9*_=T-*7*+47*`=)*(0=*6:.52*39=&3)='&11&89=4+=5&89=(*39:7.*8=8&.1.3,=8-.58=&7*= (:77*391>=&((*59*)=&8=9-*=2489=51&:8.'1*=*=51&3&9.43=+47=.98=<471)<.)*=).897.':9.43_ R*(*39=&3&942.(&1=7*8*&7(-=.3=M>4849*11&=+742=9-*=A?47*8`=3&2*1>=9-*=.39*73&1=2475-414,>= T. 4+=9-*=5*3.&1=(4251*=`=-&8=7*;*&1*)=897.0.3,=).S=*7*3(*8=+742=E:745*&3=85*(.2*38=&8=<*11= &8=&243,=9-*=;&7.4:8=.81&3)=,74:58=4+=9-*=&7(-.5*1&,4_=S5*(.2*38=+742=P479:,&1=+742= A1,&7;*=94=A;*.74=8-4<=;*7>=1.=1*=;&7.&9.43=.3=5*3.&1=2475-414,>`=.3=(4397&89=<.9-=9-*= 8.9:&9.43=.3=9-*=A?47*8_=W-*7*&8=.3=9-*=E&89*73=G74:5=SD4=M.,:*1=&3)=S&39&=M&7.&=9-*= &3&942>=.8=9*39&9.;*1>=.)*39.Q=*)=<.9-=9-&9=4+=9-*=E:745*&3=M>4849*11&=2>4849.8`=9-48*=.3= 9-*=C*397&1=G74:5=8:55479=9-*=7*;.;&1=4+=9-*=*3)*2.(=M>4849*11&='.(4147=M47*1*9`=+20*b=9-*= .81&3)8=4+=9-*=W*89*73=G74:5=F147*8=&3)=C47;4=-&7'47=*&(-=&=3*<`=*3)*2.(=9&=43_ S:(-=-.,-=1*;*1=4+=*3)*2.(.9>=.3=&=8:5548*)1>=(4824541.9&3=9&=43=(&118=+47=7*&88*882*39=4+= 9-*=9&=4342.(=89&9:8=4+=M>4849*11&=9-74:,-4:9=9-*=<471)`=&3)=9-*=(4397&89.3,=-424,*3*.9>= 4+=9-*=85*(.2*38=+742=9-*=P479:,:*8*=(4&89=-.398=&9=9-*=5488.'.1.9>=4+=&=(*39*7=4+=).85*78.43= 49-*7=9-&3=9-*=97&).9.43&1=47.,.3=+742=E:745*&32M*).9*77&3*&3=(4&898_ R*8*&7(-= 8:55479*)= '>= 9-*= SYNTHESYS= P74/*(9= -=5a22<<<_8>39-*8>8_.3+42= <-.(-= .8= Q=3&3(*)= '>= E:745*&3= C422:3.9>= R*8*&7(-= I3+7&897:(9:7*= A(9.43= :3)*7= 9-*= FP1= C&5&(.9.*8=P74,7&2_
T._P2 FIRST=DATA=ON=THE=GENITAL=ANATOMY=OF=THE=GENUS=JEANNERETIA= STYLOMMATOPHORA`=HELICOIDEAa=CEPOLIDAE`=AN=ENDEMIC=TAXON= FROM=WESTERN=CUBA M&.0*=H*73@3)*?=Q:.39&+`=T-.*77>=B&(0*1/&:,`-= +S97**9=,,.=K=++*/='*9<**3=++=&3)=+-`=S.'43*>`=P1&>&`=H&;&3&`=C:'&=2&.0* *(414,.&_(: ,R4>&1=B*1,.&3=I389.9:9*=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=V&:9.*7897&&9=,3`=B8+***=B7:88*18`=B*1,.:2======T-.*77>_B&(0*1/&: 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_'* -E;41:9.43&7>=E(414,>=G74:5`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=A39<*75`=G74*3*3'47,*71&&3=+1+`=B8,*,*=A39<*75`=B*1,.:2 T-*=,*3:8=J*&33*7*9.&=P+*.S=*7`=+211=.8=*3)*2.(=.3=<*89*73=C:'&=P.3&7=)*1=R.4_=I9=(4257.?*8= 9<4= 8:',*3*7&`= J*&33*7*9.&= &3)= G:1&)*39.&= C1*3(-= ]= A,:&>4`= +3/+`= <.9-= 3.3*= 342.3&1= 85*(.*8=&3)=8*;*7&1=8:'85*(.*8_=H4<*;*7`=&11=9-*8*=9&=&=<*7*=)*8(7.'*)=43=(43(-414,.(&1= +*&9:7*8=431>`=84=9-&9=9-*=9&=4342>=4+=9-.8=,*3:8=3**)8=94='*=(43841.)&9*)_=T-*7*+47*`=<*= 574;.)*=-*7*=9-*=Q=789=&3&942.(&1=)&9&=4+=8*;*7&1=J*&33*7*9.&=85*(.*8=4+='49-=8:',*3*7&_ T-*=8:',*3:8=J*&33*7*9.&=8_8_=-&8=&=143,`=81*3)*7=5*3.8=&3)=&=(>1.3)7.(&1=*5.5-&11:8=<.9-= &=<*&0=7*97&(947_=T-*=).89&1=9.5=4+=9-*=*5.5-&11:8=851.98=.394=&=143,=R=&,*11:2=&3)=9-*=;&8= )*+*7*38_=T-*=;&,.3&=.8=8-479=&3)=,.;*8=7.8*=94=9-*=4;.):(9=&3)=9-*=5*):3(:1:8=4+=9-*=':78&= (45:1&97.=`=9-*=1&=*7='*.3,=143,*7=9-&3=9-*=85*724;.):(9`=':9=8-479*7=9-&3=9-*=R=&,*11:2_= T-*=)&79=&55&7&9:8=(438.898=4+=&=)&79=8&(`=&3=*143,&9*)=,1&3)=.38*79*)=&5.(&11>=43=9-*=)&79= 8&(`=&3)=9<4=143,`=81*3)*7`=&((*8847>=,1&3)8=<.9-=&=9:':1&7=.39*73&1=897:(9:7*_= T-*=,*3.9&1.&=4+=9-*=8:',*3:8=G:1&)*39.&=).S=*7=+742=9-48*=4+=J*&33*7*9.&=8_8_='>a=+=9-*=8-479= R=&,*11:2=&3)=5*):3(:1:8=4+=9-*=':78&=(45:1&97.=`=,=&9=9-*='&8.8=4+=9-*=)&79=&55&7&9:8= 9-*7*=.8=&=8.3,1*`='74&)`='.14'*)`=&((*8847>=,1&3)=<.9-=&3=&1;*41&7=.39*73&1=897:(9:7*`=&3)=-= 9-*=85*724;.):(9=(=&1':2*3=,1&3)=&7*=143,*7=9-&3=&3>=49-*7=,*3.9&1=897:(9:7*_ +.0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T-*8*=)&9&=&7*=+:79-*7=(425&7*)=<.9-=9-*=,*3.9&1=&3&942>=4+=49-*7=C*541.)=,*3*7&`=8:(-=&8= E:7>(&259&=V43=M&79*38`=+20*=&3)=C47>)&=A1'*78`=+2/*_
T._P3 REPRODUCTIVE=STRATEGIES=OF=A=TERRESTRIAL=SNAIL= ALONG=AN=ALTITUDINAL=GRADIENT= A3&=F.1.5&=F*77*.7&+`,`=A393.4=M&3:*1=)*=F7.&8=M&79.38+`,`=R*,.3&=T7.89D4=)&=C:3-&+`,`= T. P&:14=J47,*=M*14+`=A72.3)4=)48=S&3948=R4)7.,:*8+`-`. +D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=A?47*8`=P439&=D*1,&)&`=3/*+82*+`=A?47*8`=P479:,&1= &3&+*77*.7& :&(_59`=+7.&8 :&(_59`=7(:3-& :&(_59`=52*14 :&(_59`=74)7.,:*8 :&(_59 ,CIBIO:A?47*8=:=C*39*7=+47=R*8*&7(-=43=B.4).;*78.9>=&3)=G*3*9.(=R*84:7(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=A?47*8`= P439&=D*1,&)&`=3/*+82*+`=A?47*8`=P479:,&1 -CIRN=:=C*39*7=4+=R*8*&7(-=.3=N&9:7&1=R*84:7(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=A?47*8`=P439&=D*1,&)&`=P479:,&1 .CVARG=:=C*39*7=4+=V41(&3414,>=&3)=G*414,.(&1=R.808=A88*882*39`=P439&=D*1,&)&`=P479:,&1 T-.8= 89:)>= 7*54798= -4<= 9-*= 7*574):(9.;*= (>(1*= 4+= &3= *3)*2.(= 1&3)= 83&.1`= O=>(-.1:8= D74:*9.&=2.347=R.*)*1=+30.`=.8=8-&5*)='>=&'.49.(=+&(9478=4;*7=&3=&19.9:).3&1=,7&).*39=4+= 2**=2`=.3=P.(4=24:39&.3=P.(4=I81&3)`=A?47*8_=O:7=7*8:198=8:,,*89=9-&9`=&9=14<=&19.9:)*= ,**= 2`= .3).;.):&18= &7*= &(9.;*= &3)= 2&9:7*= +742= O(94'*72N4;*2'*7= 94= M&7(-`= &3)= 9-*>= *=-.'.9= &*89.;&9.43= .3= 9-*= 7*2&.3.3,= 2439-8`= &8= &= (438*6:*3(*= 4+= 84.1= )7>3*88_= T-:8`=&9=14<=&19.9:)*`=,43&)&1=2&9:7&9.43=.8=(438.)*7*)=94='*=57.2&7.1>=.3R=:*3(*)='>= 5-4945*7.4)`=7&.3+&11=&3)=9*25*7&9:7*_=O3=9-*=49-*7=-&3)`=&9=-.,-=&19.9:)*=+***=2`= .3).;.):&18= &7*= 2&9:7*= +742= M&7(-= 94= J:1>2A:,:89= &3)= 9-*>= 8**2= 94= -&;*= 2.3.2&1= ,&2*94,*3.(= (43).9.438= 94= 7*574):(*= 9-74:,-4:9= 9-*= 7*2&.3.3,= 2439-8= 4+= 9-*= >*&7_= A9=9-.8=&19.9:)*`=84.1=24.89:7*=.8=3*;*7=&=1.2.9.3,=+&(947=9-*7*+47*=,43&)&1=2&9:7&9.43= .8= 2&.31>= 8-&5*)= '>= 5-4945*7.4)= &3)= 9*25*7&9:7*_= I3= (43(1:8.43`= '*8.)*8= 6:49.3,= &*89.;&9.43=.3=9-*=A?47*&3=2&1&(4+&:3&=+47=9-*= =789=9.2*`=9-.8=89:)>=8:,,*898=9-&9=83&.18= 2&>= )*;*145= 5->8.414,.(&1= &)&59&9.438= 7*1&9*)= 94= 7*574):(9.43= .3= &((47)&3(*= 94= 9-*= *3;.7432*39&1=(43).9.438=4+=9-*.7=-&'.9&98_=
T._P+* REPRODUCTIVE=BIOLOGY=AND=POPULATION=DYNAMICS=IN= CLAUSILIA=BIDENTATA=AND=RUTHENICA=FILOGRANA=CLAUSILIIDAE=:= OVIPARITY=VS_=OVOVIVIPARY K7>89>3&=S?>'.&0+`=E1D'.*9&=G&'&&,`=Z'.,3.*<=A)&280.-`.`=B&7942.*/=G4)>3+ +F&(:19>=4+=B.414,>`=D*5&792*39=4+=G*3*7&1=Z4414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=B.414,>`= A)&2=M.(0.*<.(?=U3.;*78.9>`=U2:194<80&=23`=0+80+.=P4?3&`=P41&3)=,14)3> &2:_*):_51 ,R*8*&7(-=C*397*=4+=Q:&7&39.3*`=I3;&8.;*=&3)=G*3*9.(&11>=M4).Q=*)=O7,&3.828`=I389.9:9*=4+=P1&39= P749*(9.43=8=N&9.43&1=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=W[,470&=,*`=0*8-+2=P4?3&`=P41&3)=,&'&1& &2:_*):_51 -D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=P->8.414,>=&3)=D*;*1452*39&1=B.414,>`=A)&2=M.(0.*<.(?=U3.;*78.9>`= U2:194<80&=23`=0+80+.=P4?3&`=P41&3)=*) &2:_*):_51 .E1*(9743=]=C435-4(&1=M.(748(45*=L&'47&947>`=A)&2=M.(0.*<.(?=U3.;*78.9>`=U2:194<80&=23`= 0+80+.=P4?3&`=P41&3)=*) &2:_*):_51 C1&:8.1.&='.)*39&9&=S972=+10/=&3)=R:9-*3.(&=Q=14,7&3&=R4882&881*7=+2-0=&7*=9<4=(1&:8.1..)= 85*(.*8=(484((:77.3,=.3=<*11=57*8*7;*)=)*(.):4:8=+47*898=4+=(*397&1=E:745*_=D*85.9*=1.;.3,= :3)*7= ;.79:&11>= 9-*= 8&2*= -&'.9&9= (43).9.438= 9-*>= 8-4<= ).S=*7*39= 7*574):(9.;*= 24)*8a= 4;.5&7.9>=C_='.)*39&9&=;8=4;4;.;.5&7>=R_=Q=14,7&3&_=W*=(425&7*=9-*.7='7**).3,=5-*3414,>= ABSTRACTS +.1
.3(1:).3,= &3&942.(&1= &3)= -.89414,.(&1= (-&3,*8= .3= 7*574):(9.;*= 47,&38`= 545:1&9.43= )>3&2.(8=&3)=2.(74-&'.9&9=57*+*7*3(*8=:3)*7=3&9:7&1=47=8*2.3&9:7&1=(43).9.438_ T-*7*=&7*=34=,*3*7&1=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=9-*=897:(9:7*=4+=7*574):(9.;*=97&(98='*9<**3=9-*=85*(.*8= *=(*59=+47=&=5*7.4).(=97&38+472&9.43=4+=9-*=4;.):(98=).89&1=5&79=.3=R_= =14,7&3&_=I98=+41)8= 897*9(-=9-&308=94=2:8(1*=(*118`=84=.98=1:2*3=,*98=<.)*3*)=&3)=+472=&=0.3)=4+=&='744)='&,= <-*7*=*2'7>48=)*;*145='*+47*='*.3,='473_ I3=R_= =14,7&3&`=57*;.9*114,*3.(=44(>9*8=&3)=8*(4)&7>=85*72&94(>9*8=&7*=57*8*39=7.,-9=&V=*7= 9-*= 4;*7<.39*7.3,= F*'7:&7>_= S5*72&9.)8= ,*9= 3:2*74:8= '*9<**3= J:3*= &3)= S*59*2'*7= T. &3)=2&9:7*=44(>9*8=&7*=&':3)&39=.3=M&>`=J:1>=&3)=S*59*2'*7_=I3=C_='.)*39&9&`=;.9*114,*3.(= 44(>9*8=&7*=3:2*74:8=.3=A57.1=&3)=O(94'*7`=<-.1*=2&9:7*=44(>9*8=&7*=57*;&.1.3,=.3=A57.1_= S5*72&9.)8=&7*=&':3)&39=.3=J:3*=&3)=S*59*2'*7_ T-*= 2*&3= 8.?*= 4+= *,,8= +_.22= == +_+22`= C_= '.)*39&9&= &3)= *2'7>48= +_/= == *_222`= R_= =14,7&3&=&8=<*11=&8=9-*.7=3:2'*7=,8.=;8=,8-=&7*=8.2.1&7_=U3)*7=8*2.3&9:7&1=(43).9.438= .3=C_='.)*39&9&=431>=&'4:9=/*=4+=9-*=83&.18=1&>=*,,8`=<-*7*&8=&11=&):19=R_= =14,7&3&='*&7= /:;*3.1*8=.3=857.3,=&3)=842*=4+=9-*2=7*5*&9=9-*=7*574):(9.43=.3=4:9:23_=S:7;.;&1=4+=*,,8= &3)=/:;*3.1*8=.8=-.,-*7=.3=C_='.)*39&9&`=84=.98=545:1&9.43=,74<9-=.8=8.2.1&7=94=9-&9=4+=R_= =14,7&3&_ U3)*7=3&9:7&1=(43).9.438=&':3)&3(*=.3=545:1&9.438=4+=R_= =14,7&3&=.8=-.,-*7`=':9=9-*.7= ).897.':9.43= .8= (1:89*7*)= &3)= 1.2.9*)= 94= 5&9(-*8= 4+= 85*(.Q=(= 1.=*7_= C_= '.)*39&9&= .8= 247*= *:7>945.(`=<.9-=247*=*;*3=).897.':9.43=&3)=14<*7=&':3)&3(*_ T-*=7*8*&7(-=<&8=8:55479*)='>=MN.SW=,7&39=34_=N8N-*-8/0282-2_
T._P++ SHELL=MORPHOLOGY=AND=REPRODUCTIVE=ANATOMY=OF=THE=GENERA= BENSONIES`=KHASIELLA`=OXYTESTA=AND=MACROCHLAMYS=PULMONATAa= ARIOPHANTIDAEa=MACROCHLAMYDINAE=FROM=NEPAL P7*2=B_=B:)-&+`-`=T-.*77>=B&(0*1/&:,`-`=F7*)=N&,,8. +C*397&1=D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=T7.'-:;&3=U3.;*78.9>`=K.79.5:7`=K&9-2&3):`=N*5&1======5'':)-& ()?9:_*):_35 ,R4>&1=B*1,.&3=I389.9:9*=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=V&:9.*7897&&9=,3`=B8+***=B7:88*18`=B*1,.:2======T-.*77>_B&(0*1/&: 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_'* -E;41:9.43&7>=E(414,>=G74:5`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=A39<*75`=G74*3*3'47,*71&&3=+1+`=B8,*,*=A39<*75`=B*1,.:2= .T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=C742<*11=R4&)`=L43)43`=SW1=/BD`=UK=+_3&,,8 3-2_&(_:0 W.9-=247*=9-&3=+0/=85*(.*8=<.9-.3=+*=,*3*7&=9-*=M&(74(-1&2>).3&*=G4)<.38A:89*3`= +222= &7*= 9-*= 1&7,*89= A7.45-&39.)&*= 8:'+&2.1>= <.9-.3= 9-*= I3).&3= 8:'(439.3*39_T-7**= ,*3*7&`= ;.?_= B*3843.*8= H_B_= B&0*7`= +3-2`= K-&8.*11&= G4)<.38A:89*3`= +233= &3)= O=>9*89&= Z.1(-`= +3/0`= &7*= (43Q=3*)= 94= 9-*= H.2&1&>&3= 7&3,*`= <-.1*= M&(74(-1&2>8= G7&>`=+2.1= .8= ).897.':9*)=9-74:,-4:9=S=&3)=SE=A8.&_=A=;&7.*9>=4+=8-*11=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8=.25*7+47&9*=;8= 5*7+47&9*2:2'.1.(&9*)`=82449-=;8=,7&3:1&9*)251.(&9*=&3)=49-*7=*=9*73&1=+*&9:7*8=8.251*= ;8=97.5&79.9*=+449`=57*8*3(*=;8=&'8*3(*=4+=&=(&:)&1=-473=4;*7=9-*=2:(4:8=547*`=57*8*3(*= ;8=&'8*3(*=4+=8-*11=14'*8=&7*=(:77*391>=.39*757*9*)=&8=).89.3(9=,*3:881*;*1=(-&7&(9*78_= Y*9`=8*;*7&1=+*&9:7*8=4+=9-*=7*574):(9.;*=&3&942>`=5&79.(:1&71>=9-*=(4.1*)=5*3.&1=(&*(:2`= &7*=8.2.1&7=.3=2&3>=85*(.*8=4+=9-*=+4:7=,*3*7&_=T-*7*+47*=9-*=9&=4342.(=)*1.2.9&9.43= &3)=5->14,*3*9.(=7*1&9.438-.58=4+=9-*8*=,*3*7&=&7*=349=<*118*89&'1.8-*)_=W*=.11:897&9*= 9-.8=.88:*='>=-.,-1.,-9.3,=8.2.1&7.9.*8=&3)=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=9-*=8-*11=&3)=5*3.&1=897:(9:7*=4+= 7*57*8*39&9.;*=85*(.*8=4+=M&(74(-1&2>).3&*=+742=N*5&1_= +.2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T._P+, COMPARISON=OF=PLANT=AND=SNAIL=DIVERSITY=PATTERNS= IN=THE=WHITE=CARPATHIAN=MTS_=CZECH=REPUBLIC=ACROSS=FOREST= AND=GRASSLAND=HABITATS J&3&=D;4$@04;@`=M.(-&1=H478@0 +D*5&792*39=4+=B49&3>=&3)=Z4414,>`=M&8&7>0=U3.;*78.9>`=K491@$80@=,`=CZ80++=-1=B734`=C?*(-= T. R*5:'1.(=/&3.3&);4 ,2&.1_(42`=-478&0 8(._2:3._(?= T-*7*=&7*=8.2.1&7=*(414,.(&1=7*6:.7*2*398=+47=1&3)=83&.1=&3)=51&39=85*(.*8=&8=9-*>=&7*= '49-=89743,1>=)*5*3)*39=43=8.9*=(43).9.438`=4V=*3=7*8:19.3,=.3=8.2.1&7=5&=*738=4+=85*(.*8= (42548.9.43= (-&3,*8= &143,= *3;.7432*39&1= ,7&).*398_= T-*= W-.9*= C&75&9-.&3= M98_= '*143,=94=9-*='*89=*=5147*)=&7*&8=4+=9-*=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=+47='49-=9&=&_=T-.8=574;.)*8= &=:3.6:*=455479:3.9>=94=(425&7*=5&=*738=4+=9-*.7=85*(.*8=).;*78.9>=&3)=(42548.9.43= 9-74:,-4:9=9-*=<-41*=&7*&=&3)=-&'.9&9=;&7.&9.43_=A=949&1=4+=+,-2=51&39=&3)=+*+=83&.1= 85*(.*8`=7*(47)*)=.3=./=,7.)=(*118=4+=,_2===-_+=02,=.3=8.?*`=<*7*=:8*)=+47=9-*=&3&1>8.8_= E=(*59= 5&=*738= 4+= 9-*= <-41*= &77&>`=9-*= &.2= <&8= &184= 94= .3;*89.,&9*= 9-*= 7*85438*8= 4+= +47*89=&3)=,7&881&3)=&88*2'1&,*8=8*5&7&9*1>=&3)=94=)*9*72.3*=7*1&9.;*=741*8=4+=3.(-*8=43= 3*:97&18'&8*)=574(*88*8=43=9-*=(42548.9.43&1=(-&3,*8_=W*=+4:3)=9-&9=9-*=*39.7*=85*(.*8= 7.(-3*88=4+=51&398=&3)=83&.18=).)=349=7*8543)=94=9-*=8&2*=;&7.&'1*8`=.3(1:).3,=&=8-&751>= ).S=*7*39=7*85438*=94=9-*=7*57*8*39&9.43=4+=-:2&3=-&'.9&98_=W-.1*=85*(.*8=7.(-3*88=4+= 51&398=(477*1&9*)=<.9-=-:2&3=-&'.9&98=548.9.;*1>`=9-*=45548.9*=<&8=97:*=+47=83&.18_=T-.8= <&8=(&:8*)=2&.31>='>=&=)*(1.3*=4+=+47*89=83&.1=85*(.*8=94<&7)8=247*=-:2&3=.25&(9*)= &7*&8= &8= 2&3>= 83&.18= &7*= -.,-1>= 8*38.'1*= 94= -:2&382&)*= )*,7&)&9.43= 4+= <44)1&3)= *(48>89*28=&3)=)*+47*89&9.43`=4+=(4:78*_=I3=(4397&89`=<*=+4:3)=9-&9=,7&881&3)=85*(.*8= 7.(-3*88=4+='49-=83&.18=&3)=51&398=7*8543)*)=9-*=8&2*=;&7.&'1*8`=._*_=3:2'*7=4+=-&'.9&9= 9>5*8=&3)=143,.9:)*_=U8.3,=9-*=;&7.&3(*=5&79.9.43.3,=&5574&(-`=<*=+4:3)=349&'1>=-.,-*7= .25479&3(*=4+=3*:97&18'&8*)=574(*88*8=+47=51&39=85*(.*8=)&9&`=.3=(4397&89=94=83&.18`=)7.;*3= 2&.31>='>=*3;.7432*39&1=(43).9.438_=T-.8=5&=*73=<&8=4';.4:8=*85*(.&11>=.3=,7&881&3)8`= 2489=1.0*1>=&8=&=7*8:19=4+=9-*=H414(*3*=)*;*1452*39=4+=9-*8*=(422:3.9.*8=&3)=&=143,8 9*72=8:7;.;&1=4+=842*=7*1.(9=89*55*=51&398`=.3=(4397&89=94=83&.18_
T._P+- DIVERSITY=OF=ONCHIDIIDAE=GASTROPODAa=PULMONATA= FROM=NEW=SOUTH=WALES`=AUSTRALIA S-&-744?=B&89&2. M:*11*7=L&'`=P*338>1;&3.&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=,*+=O1)=M&.3`=U3.;*78.9>=P&70`=P*338>1;&3.&=+02*,= 8'&89&2., >&-44_(42 T-*=9&=4342>=4+=9-*=O3(-.)..)&*=.8=84=(-&49.(=9-&9=431>=;*7>=+*<=85*(.*8=(&3=7*1.&'1>= '*=.)*39.Q=*)_=I3=47)*7=94=7*;.8*=9-*=9&=4342>=4+=9-*=O3(-.)..)&*`=4:7=1&'=-&8='**3= (411*(9.3,=3*<`=+7*8-=2&9*7.&1=+742=9-*=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(_=I3=5&79.(:1&7`=<*=85*(.Q=(&11>= 97>=94=,4='&(0=94=9>5*=14(&1.9.*8=84=9-&9=.9=.8=*&8.*7=94=(425&7*=4:7=3*<=(411*(9.438=<.9-= 9-*=47.,.3&1=)*8(7.59.438=&3)=9>5*=2&9*7.&18_=T-*=:3)*7,7&):&9*=7*8*&7(-=57*8*39*)= -*7*= +4(:8*8= 43= 9-*= ).;*78.9>= 4+= 43(-.)..)= 81:,8= +742= S>)3*>= N*<= S4:9-= W&1*8`= A:897&1.&`=<-.(-=.8=9-*=9>5*=14(&1.9>=+47=9-7**=85*(.*8=3&2*8=P&7&43(.).:2=(-&2*1*43`= O3(-.)*11&=7*9.(:1&9&`=&3)=O3(-.).:2=)&*2*11._=C42'.3*)=241*(:1&7=COI=8*6:*3(*8= &3)=2475-414,.(&1=)&9&`=&8=<*11=&8=3&9:7&1=-.8947>=-&'.9&98=<-*7*=81:,8=&7*=+4:3)`= ABSTRACTS +.3
&11=8:,,*89=9-&9=9-*7*=&7*=Q=;*=85*(.*8=4+=43(-.)..)8=.3=S>)3*>_=D.S=*7*3(*8='*9<**3=&11= Q=;*=85*(.*8=&7*=57*8*39*)_=N42*3(1&9:7*=*85*(.&11>=3*<=8>343>2.*8=.8=).8(:88*)`=&8= <*11=&8=85*(.*8=).897.':9.43='*>43)=N*<=S4:9-=W&1*8=&3)=*;*3=A:897&1.&_=D*1.3*&9.3,= 85*(.*8`=-4<*;*7`=8**28=94='*=9-*=*&8>=5&79_=I3)**)`=3&2*8=&551>=94=9-7**=4+=9-48*=Q=;*= 85*(.*8=O3(-.).3&=&:897&1.8`=O3(-.).:2=)&*2*11.`=O3(-.)*11&=5&9*114.)*`=':9`=&9=9-.8=54.39`= 9-*=9<4=49-*7=85*(.*8=-&;*=94='*=1*V==:3.)*39.Q=*)=&9=9-*=85*(.*8=1*;*1=&8=P*743.&=85_= &3)=O3(-.).:2=85__=A)).9.43&1=<470=.8=3**)*)=94=97>=94=Q=3)=.+=842*=3&2*8=&17*&)>= *=.89=+47=9-48*=9<4=85*(.*8_=I+=9-*>=-&;*=349='**3=3&2*)=.3=9-*=5&89`=9-*3=3*<=3&2*8= T. <.11='*=(7*&9*)_
T._P+. ACOCHLIDIAN=SEA=SLUGS=ON=SHORE=LEAVE=:= ANOTHER=INVASION=OF=THE=LAND T.2*&=P_=N*:88*7+`-`=Y&8:347.=K&34,`=M.(-&*1=S(-7)1+`- +B.4(*39*72L:)<.,=M&=.2.1.&3=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M:3.(-`=G74I-&)*73*7897&I*=,`=2,+/,=P1&3*,,8 M&79.387.*)`=G*72&3>=3*:88*7 '.4_12:_)* ,D*5&792*39=4+=M&7.3*=E(48>89*28=D>3&2.(8`=O(*&3=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T40>4`= /8+8/=K&8-.<&34-&`=K&8-.<&`=C-.'&=,1182/0.`=J&5&3=0&34 &47._:8940>4_&(_/5 -SNSB`=B&;&7.&3=S9&9*=C411*(9.43=4+=Z4414,>`=M33(--&:8*3897&I*=,+`=2,+.1=M:3.(-`=G*72&3>= M.(-&*1_S(-74*)1 ?82_2<3_)* I3;&8.43= 4+= 9-*= 1&3)= -&8= '**3= &= (438.)*7&'1*= (-&11*3,*= +47= 2489= &6:&9.(= 9&=&= ):*= 5&79.(:1&71>= 94= ,7&;.9>= &3)= )*8.((&9.43= 897*88= .3= 9-*= &.7_= T-&308= 94= 9-*= -&7)= 8-*11= 5749*(9.3,=&3)=8:55479.3,=9-*=84V=='4)>`=,&897454)8=&7*=&243,=9-*=2489=8:((*88+:1= &3.2&18= .3= 9-.8= -&'.9&9= 8-.V== +742= 9-*= 8*&= 94= 9-*= 1&3)`= <.9-= 8:5548*)1>= 4;*7= 9*3= .3)*5*3)*39=.3;&8.438_=A55&7*391>`=8-*1181*88=,74:58=&7*=247*=5743*=94=)*8.((&9.43= &3)=-&;*=-&)=).T==(:19.*8=.3=9-*=&(6:.8.9.43=4+=8:.9&'1*=&3&942.(&1=&3)=5->8.414,.(&1= (-&7&(9*7.89.(8=+47=9-*=.3;&8.43_=L&3)=81:,8=9-*7*+47*=-&;*=:8:&11>='**3=9-4:,-9=&8= )*8(*3)&398=4+=1&3)=83&.18`=<-.(-=-&)=,7&):&11>=1489=9-*.7=8-*118=.3=47)*7=94=.3-&'.9= 24.89`= 5749*(9.;*= 85&(*8= 574;.)*)= '>= 74(0= Q=88:7*8`= 54(0*98= :3)*7= 8943*8= &3)= *&79-<472=9:33*1=97&(08_ H*7*= <*= 7*5479= &3= :3&2'.,:4:8= *=&251*= 4+= 9*77*897.&1= .3;&8.43= '>= &= 1.3*&,*= 4+= &6:&9.(= 81:,8= 4+= 9-*= 47)*7= A(4(-1.).&= 43= U143,= I81&3)= .3= 9-*= R*5:'1.(= 4+= P&1&:`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`=85*(.2*38=<*7*=(411*(9*)=+742=1*&+=1.=*7=.3=&= 9745.(&1=7&.3=+47*89=&9=*1*;&9.438=4+=,*8-*=2=8*;*7&1=-:3)7*)=2*9*78=&<&>=+742=9-*= 8*&`=<-*7*=&884(.&9*)=,&897454)8=&7*=&11=9>5.(&1=1&3)=83&.18_=T-74:,-=&3=.39*,7&9.;*= &5574&(-=.3(1:).3,=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3>=&3)=-D87*(43897:(9.43=4+=.39*73&1=47,&38`= <*=(43(1:)*=9-&9=9-*=9*77*897.&1=81:,=+742=P&1&:=7*57*8*398=&349-*7=3*<=85*(.*8=4+=9-*= ,*3:8=A.9*3,_=O:7=89:)>=.3).(&9*8=&=-&'.9&9=8-.V==4+=&3(*897&11>=&6:&9.(=A(4(-1.).&=94= &=(4251*9*1>=9*77*897.&1=1.+*=89>1*=<.9-=9-*=.3;&8.43=4+=9-*=1&3)=+742=9-*=:55*7=1.=47&1= ?43*=.3=9-*=C*34?4.(_=T-.8=.8=9-*=Q=789=1&3)=81:,=4:98.)*=E:5:1243&9&_ +/* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T/ WHO=ARE=THE= ACULIFERA J:1.&=S.,<&79+`=C-7.89.&3*=T4)9,`=A2S1.*=S(-*19*2&- +Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=M&7.3*=L&'47&947>`=P479&+*77>`=N479-*73=I7*1&3)`=BT,,=+PF======/_8.,<&79 6:'_&(_:0 ,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=T-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M&.3*`=O7434`=ME=*..03`=USA======(-7.89.&3* 94)9_47_&9 -W44)8=H41*=O(*&34,7&5-.(=I389.9:9.43`=R*)+.*1)=+8-.=MS=K-.`=W44)8=H41*`=MA=*,/.-`=USA= &8(-*19*2& <-4._*): T/ T-*= (-.9438= P41>51&(45-47&= &3)= ;*72.+472= 2411:8(8= S41*34,&897*8= &3)= C&:)4+4;*&9&=-&;*='**3=+4(&1=94=6:*89.438=4+=5&382411:8(&3=5->14,*3>_==T-*8*= ,74:58= &7*= :3.9*)= '>= 9-*.7= 85.(:1&7= &72&9:7*`= <-.(-= .8= 9-*= '&8.8= +47= 9-*= 3&2*= A(:1.+*7&= 3**)1*8'*&7.3,=4+=&=5:9&9.;*=(1&)*=:3.9.3,=9-*8*=(1&88*8_==T-*8*=&3.2&18= -&;*=&=7*5:9&9.43=&8=9&=4342.(&11>= ).++.(:19=':9=&7*=9-*=84:7(*=4+=2:(-=*=(*11*39= <470=43=)*;*1452*39`=5->14,*3>`=&3&942>`=&3)=*(414,>_==T-.8=8>2548.:2=-434:78= 9-*=2*247>=4+=43*=.25479&39=&);4(&9*=4+= &(:1.+*7&38`=P74+_=C-7.8=S(-&3)*7=+30*: ,*+,_==S:'/*(98=<.11=.3(1:)*='.414,>=4+=&11=9-*=.3(1:)*)=(1&88*8`=&8=<*11=&8=).7*(91>= &))7*88=9-*=5->14,*3*9.(=97:9-=4+=9-*=(1&)*=A(:1.+*7&_
T/_O+ SPECIES=DIVERSITY=OF=APLACOPHORAN=MOLLUSCS=SOLENOGASTRES`= CAUDOFOVEATA=IN=THE=NORTHERN=EUROPEAN=ATLANTIC C-7.89.&3*=T4)9`=E1*3&=G*7&8.24;& U3.;*78.9>=M:8*:2=4+=B*7,*3`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=P_O_=B4==12**`=/*,*=B*7,*3`=N47<&>= C-7.89.&3*_T4)9 :2_:.'_34 C:77*39= 034<1*),*= 4+= ,14'&1= 85*(.*8= ).;*78.9>= 4+= &51&(45-47&3= 2411:808= S41*34,&897*8= 47= N*42*3.42475-&`= C&:)4+4;*&9&= 47= C-&*94)*7242475-&= 7*+1*(98= 431>= &= 82&11= +7&(9.43= 4+= 9-*= 7*&1= ).;*78.9>_= E;*3= .3= ,*4,7&5-.(= &7*&8= <.9-= &= 7*1&9.;*1>= 143,= -.8947>= 4+= &51&(45-47&3= 7*8*&7(-`= 8:(-= &8= 9-*= N479-*73= E:745*&3=A91&39.(`=9-*7*=&7*=+7*6:*391>=3*<=85*(.*8=*3(4:39*7*)_=A=(:77*39=574/*(9= .3;*89.,&9*8=9-*=).;*78.9>=&3)=).897.':9.43=4+=&51&(45-47&3=85*(.*8=.3=N47<*,.&3= <&9*78=&3)=&)/&(*39=&7*&8=F&74*7=I81&3)8`=S4:9-8E&89*73=I(*1&3)_=A'4:9=2**=1498=4+= 85*(.2*38=<*7*=8479*)=&3)=.)*39.+.*)_=W.9-.3=9-*=247*=9-&3=/*=85*(.*8=*3(4:39*7*)`= 9-*7*=<*7*=,/=85*(.*8=4+=S41*34,&897*8=3*<=94=8(.*3(*_=T-*=3*<=85*(.*8=(42*=+742= '49-=9-*=7*1&9.;*1>=<*118034<3=(4&89&1=&7*&8=+/47)8=&8=<*11=&8=9-*=)**5=N47<*,.&3= S*&_=T-*=9&10=57*8*398=*=&251*8=+47=).897.':9.43=)&9&=&3)=54.398=4:9=9&=4342.(= 5*(:1.&7.9.*8_=I251.(&9.438=4+=9-*=3*<=+.3).3,8=43=,14'&1=85*(.*8=).;*78.9>=*89.2&9*8= &7*=).8(:88*)_ ABSTRACTS +/+
T/_O, NEW=METHODS=PROVIDE=ANSWERS=TO=OLD=QUESTIONS8= PHYLOGENETICS=AND=SYSTEMATICS=OF=THE=CAUDOFOVEATA= -CHAETODERMOMORPHA N.3&=T_=M.00*18*3+`=K*;.3=M_=K4(49,`=K*33*9-=M_=H&1&3>(-,`=E3)7*=W.11&88*3+`= C-7.89.&3*=T4)9+ +U3.;*78.9>=M:8*:2=4+=B*7,*3`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=P_O_=B4==12**`=/*,*=B*7,*3`=N47<&>= 3.3&_2.00*18*3 :2_:.'_343.3&_2.00*18*3 :2_:.'_34`=*3)7*_<.11&88*3 :2_:.'_34`======(-7.89.&3*_94)9 :2_:.'_34= ,+*+=R4:8*=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B1),_=A:':73=U3.;*78.9>`=AL`=USA=0204(49 &:':73_*):`======T/ 0*3 &:':73_*): T-*=8-*1181*88`=<47288-&5*)=C&:)4+4;*&9&=-C-&*94)*7242475-&=.8='>=+&7=9-*= 1*&89=034<3=,74:5=4+=2411:8(8_=T-*8*=82&11`='*39-.(=2&7.3*=&3.2&18=(&3='*=).++.(:19= 94=8&251*`=&3)=5488*88=+*<=)*+.3.3,=(-&7&(9*78_=P->14,*3*9.(=7*1&9.438-.58=<.9-.3= 9-*=9&=43=&7*=:3(1*&7`=&3)=-&;*=143,='**3=&=2&99*7=4+=)*'&9*_=U5=:39.1=34<=9-*= *;41:9.43&7>=7*1&9.438-.58=4+=9-*=,74:5=-&;*=3*;*7='**3=.3;*89.,&9*)=.3=&=24)*73= 5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8.8`= 3*.9-*7= '&8*)= 43= 2475-414,.(&1= 347= 241*(:1&7= )&9&_= W*= -*7*=:8*=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(8=94=7*841;*=9-*=7*1&9.438-.58='*9<**3=&3)=<.9-.3= 9-*= +&2.1.*8= 4+= C&:)4+4;*&9&_= P->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8*8= <*7*= 5*7+472*)= :8.3,= 2.94(-43)7.&1=COI`=+0S=&3)=3:(1*&7=,*3*8=+2S`=,2S=&3)=H-=+742=85*(.2*38=+742= -*=85*(.*8=.3=&11=)*8(7.'*)=+&2.1.*8=94=(43897:(9=&=<471)<.)*=5->14,*3>_=M&=.2:2= 1.0*1.-44)=&3&1>8*8=<*7*=5*7+472*)=.3=RA=ML=&3)=B&>*8.&3=.3+*7*3(*=&3&1>8*8=.3= M7B&>*8_=C4397&7>=94=97&).9.43&1=;.*<8`=9-*=+&2.1>=P74(-&*94)*72&9.)&*=.8=9-*=+.789= '7&3(-.3,=9&=43_=W.9-.3=9-.8=+&2.1>`=9-*=,74:5.3,=4+=85*(.*8=&3)=,*3*7&=.8=(438.89*39= <.9-= (:77*39= 9&=4342.(= ->549-*8*8_= M4345->1>= 4+= C-&*94)*72&9.)&*= .8= -.,-1>= 8:55479*)`=<-.1*=9-*=+&2.1>=L.2.+48847.)&*=.8=349=7*(4;*7*)=&8=24345->1*9.(`=':9= 851.9=.394=8*;*7&1=(1&)*8_=W.9-.3=C-&*94)*72&9.)&*`=241*(:1&7=)&9&=)4=349=&,7**= <.9-=9-*=(:77*39=(1&88.+.(&9.43='&8*)=43=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78_=I3=4:7=&3&1>8*8`= F&1(.)*38=&3)=C-&*94)*72&=&7*=349=7*(4;*7*)=&8=24345->1*9.(_=T-*=431>=(-&7&(9*7= ).89.3,:.8-.3,=9-*=(:77*391>=7*(4,3.?*)=,*3*7&=.8=9-*=2475-414,>=4+=9-*=7&):1&_= C425&7&9.;*= *=&2.3&9.43= 4+= 7&):1&= 2475-414,>= 7*;*&1*)= 9-&9= 9-*= ,*3*7.(= ).++*7*3(*8= &9= 1*&89= .3= 842*= (&8*8= 2&>= '*= 7*1&9*)= 94= 4394,*3>a= .3= C-&*94)*72&= 3.9.):1:2`=9-*=342.3&1=85*(.*8=+47=9-*=+&2.1>=C-&*94)*72&9.)&*`=9-*=7&):1&=(-&3,*8= ,7&):&11>=+742=&= F&1(.)*3889>5*=7&):1&=.3=82&11=85*(.2*38=94=&= C-&*94)*72&89>5*= 7&):1&= .3= 1&7,*7= 85*(.2*38_= C438*6:*391>`= 842*= 4+= 9-*= (:77*391>= 7*(4,3.?*)= F&1(.)*38=85*(.*8=2.,-9=.3=+&(9='*=/:;*3.1*=C-&*94)*72&_=T&=4342.(=(1&88.+.(&9.43=4+= C-&*94)*72&9.)&*=.8=.3=3**)=4+=7*;.8.43`=9&0.3,=.394=&((4:39=9-&9=49-*7=(-&7&(9*78= 9-&3=7&):1&=2475-414,>=3**)=94='*=:8*)=+47=,*3:8=)*1.2.9&9.43=.3=9-.8=+&2.1>_ +/, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T/_O- THE=BRAZILIAN=CAUDOFOVEATAa=A=GREAT=APLACOPHORAN= BIODIVERSITY=BEGINNING=TO=BE=DISCOVERED F1@;.4=D.&8=P&8848+`=P&:14=V.3.(.:8=F*77&?=C477U&+`=P&41&=V.83&7).=F&88.3&+`= C-7.89.&3*=T4)9, +D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=B.414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>=:=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&25.3&8`=P_O_=B4==0+*3` CEP=+-*2-831*`=C&25.3&8`=SP`=B7&?.1=R=&;.4)5 :3.(&25_'7`=5&:14;+( >&-44_(42_'7`======141&+&88.3& -492&.1_(42 ,U3.;*78.9>=M:8*:2=4+=B*7,*3`=T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=C411*(9.438`=P_O=B4==12**b=/*,*=B*7,*3`=N47<&>= T/ C-7.89.&3*_T4)9 '2_:.'_34 T-*= B7&?.1.&3= C&:)4+4;*&9&= A51&(45-47&= &7*= &12489= (4251*9*1>= :3034<3`= 9-*7*= '*.3,=431>=8(&=*7*)=.3+472&9.43=&'4:9=842*=)**58<&9*7=85*(.*8_=T-.8=8(*3&7.4=.8=34<= (-&3,.3,`=&8=&=1&7,*=&24:39=4+=8&251*8=(411*(9*)='>=9-*=HABITATS=P74/*(9=:=C&2548= B&8.3=E3;.7432*39&1=H*9*74,*3*.9>='>=CENPES2PETROBRAS`=7*;*&1*)=,-/.=85*(.2*38= 4+=C&:)4+4;*&9&`=4'9&.3*)=+742=-*=94=,***=2*9*78=)*59-=4S==R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=S4:9-*&89*73= B7&?.1_=T-*8*=&3.2&18=<*7*=*=&2.3*)='>=1.,-9=&3)=8(&33.3,=*1*(9743=2.(748(45>`=<.9-= &= 85*(.&1= &=*39.43= '*.3,= 5&.)= 94= 9-*= 897:(9:7*= 4+= 9-*= 8(1*7.9*8= &3)= 7&):1&b= 9-*>= <*7*= (425&7*)=<.9-=;4:(-*7=85*(.2*38=+742=49-*7=(411*(9.438_=T-.79**3=2475-49>5*8=<*7*= &17*&)>=7*(4,3.?*)`=9-*=2489=(42243=4+=9-*8*='*.3,=9-*=C-&*94)*72&9.)&*=T-**1`=+21/_= A=143,=9&.1*)=:3.)*39.Q=*)=85*(.*8=4+=F&1(.)*38=S&1;.3.8P1&<*3`=+302`=.8=9-*=2489=&':3)&39= 21,=85*(.2*38=+742=/-=94=+*+*=2*9*78`=&3)=9-7**=49-*7=85*(.*8=4+=9-.8=8&2*=,*3:8=&7*= &184=57*8*39a=&3=:3.)*39.Q=*)`=574'&'1>=3*<=85*(.*8=<.9-=&=(>1.3)7.(&1='4)>`=+742=+**= 94=31/=2*9*78b=&3)=9-*=8-479=9&.1*)=F_=9&7,&9:8=S&1;.3.8P1&<*3`=+33,`=+742=9-*=(439.3*39&1= 8-*1+=47.,.3&11>=)*8(7.'*)=+742=1-=2=4S==U7:,:&>`=&3)=F_=&(:9&7,&9:8=S&1;.3.8P1&<*3`= +33,`=+742=9-*=(439.3*39&1=8145*=47.,.3&11>=)*8(7.'*)=+742=31.=2=4+=9-*=C&7.''*&3=S*&_= A5&79= +742= 9-*8*`= 9-*7*= .8= &9= 1*&89= 43*= 247*= 85*(.*8= 4+= C-&*94)*72&9.)&*`= 574'&'1>= +742= 9-*= ,*3:8= C-&*94)*72&= L4;S3`= +2.._= P74(-&*94)*72&9.)&*= S&1;.3.8P1&<*3`= +31/`= &7*=7*57*8*39*)='>=+4:7=85*(.*8=&3)=L.2.+48847.)&*=S&1;.3.8P1&<*3`=+31*`=4((:78=<.9-= 43*=82&11=:3.)*39.Q=*)=85*(.*8=&3)=43*=143,8'4).*)=3*<=P8.14)*38=S&1;.3.8P1&<*3`=+311_= A8=9-*7*=&7*=34=,*4,7&5-.(=47=4(*&34,7&5-.(='&77.*78=3479-=94=9-*=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=842*= 4+=9-*8*=85*(.*8=2:89='*=&184=+4:3)=&143,=9-*=7*2&.3.3,=B7&?.1.&3=(4&89_=S.2.1&71>`=842*= 85*(.*8=47=,*3*7&=&3)=+&2.1.*8=2&>='*=(439.3:4:81>=).897.':9*)=&143,=9-*=U7:,:&>&3= &3)=A7,*39.3*&3=<&9*78_= F.3&3(.&1=S:55479a=CENPES2PETROBRAS`=FAPESP=P74(_=,*++2/*,318.+=&3)=,*++2*10,38 0,`=SAE2UNICAMP-_
T/_O. THE=FAUNA=OF=CAUDOFOVEATAa=STATE=OF=THE=ART D2.97>=L_=I;&34; Z4414,.(&1=M:8*:2=4+=9-*=M48(4<=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=B418-&>&=N.0.980&>&=S97_=0`=M48(4<=,//**3`= R:88.&=.;&34;)1 =22:_28:_7: C&:)4+4;*&9&=.8=&=7*1&9.;*1>=82&11=8:'(1&88=4+=A51&(45-47&=<-.(-=4((:78=.3=&11=4(*&38= *=(*59=+47=9-*=A39&7(9.(=&3)=.3=&11=8*&8`=*=(*59=9-*=B1&(0=&3)=C&85.&3_=A9=9-*=242*39`= 9-*=,14'&1=(&:)4+4;*&9*=+&:3&=(438.898=4+=+./=85*(.*8='*143,.3,=94=+.=,*3*7&_=M47*=9-&3= &=-&1+=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=&7*=034<3=431>=+742=47.,.3&1=)*8(7.59.438_ ABSTRACTS +/-
N*;*79-*1*88`=9-*7*=.8=&=(*79&.3=5*(:1.&7.9>=.3=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=(&:)4+4;*&9*8`=:31.0*= 49-*7=(1&88*8=&3)=8:'(1&88*8=4+=2411:8(8_=T-*=85*(.*8=).;*78.9>=4+=(&:)4+4;*&9*8=.3= 9-*=A91&39.(=&3)=9-*=P&(.+.(=.8=7*1&9.;*1>=14
T/_O/ UNIQUE=EVENTS=IN=CHITONID=REPRODUCTION J4-3=B:(01&3)8N.(08 B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=S9=F7&3(.8=X&;.*7=U3.;*78.9>`=A39.,43.8-`=N4;&=S(49.&`=B,G=,W/======/':(01&3 89+=_(& G&2*94,*3*8.8=.3=(-.943.)8=.8=-.,-1>=:3:8:&1=,.;.3,= 7.8*=94=*,,8=<.9-=*1&'47&9*= 85.3>= -:118= &3)= 85*72= <.9-= 8&'*781.0*= 3:(1*&7= *=9*38.438= &3)= 9.3>= &(74842*8_= R*(*39=89:)>=4+=44,*3*8.8=.3=&=;&7.*9>=4+=(-.943.)=+&2.1.*8`=-&8=7*;*&1*)=:3.6:*= 2*(-&3.828=4+=*,,=-:11=+472&9.43_=-D=7*(43897:(9.43=4+=8*7.&1=8*(9.438=4+=44,*3*8.8= .3= 9-*= (-.943.)= A(&39-4(-.943= ,&7349.`= (43+.72*)= 9-&9= 9-*= *,,= -:11= .8= +472*)= '>= 2.(74&54(7.3*=8*(7*9.438`=349='>=;*8.(1*8=+742=9-*=G41,.='4)>_=T-.8=34;*1=574(*88`= 4'8*7;*)=+47=9-*=+.789=9.2*=.3=M411:8(&`='.85&88*8=9-*=*3)42*2'7&3*=8>89*2=&3)= 7*1*&8*8=(4254:3)8=+472*)=.3=9-*=(>9451&82=).7*(91>=+742=9-*=(*11=8:7+&(*`=;.&= ':)).3,=4+= 2.(74&54842*8_=F*79.1.?&9.43=.8=34=1*88=:3:8:&1`=&8=(-.943.)=85*72= ).,*89=&=2.3:9*=547*=.3=9-*=*,,=-:11=9-&9=&114<8=.3/*(9.43=4+=DNA=':9=&55*&78=94= '14(0=*397>=4+=85*72=47,&3*11*8_=S*7.&1=8*(9.438=4+=+*79.1.?*)=*,,8=4+=M45&1.&=2:8(48&= (43+.72*)= 9-&9= &= 2*2'7&3*= '&,`= &'&3)43*)= 43= 9-*= *,,= 8:7+&(*`= (439&.3*)= 9-*= 85*72=2.94(-43)7.&=&3)=(*397.41*8_=I3=;.79:&11>=&11=49-*7=M*9&?4&=9-*=*39.7*=85*72= *39*78=9-*=*,,`=&3)=85*72=2.94(-43)7.&=&7*=).,*89*)='>=&3=*1&'47&9*=8>89*2=4+= )*9*(9.43=&3)=*3?>2*=)*897:(9.43_=N472&11>=43*=85*72=(*397.41*=24;*8=9-*=9<4= 5743:(1*.=94,*9-*7=94=+472=9-*=?>,49*=3:(1*:8=&3)=1&9*7=.3.9.&9*8=(1*&;&,*=4+=9-*= *2'7>4_=T-:8`=.3=9-*=&'8*3(*=4+=9-*8*=85*72=47,&3*11*8=.3=9-*=+*79.1.?*)=*,,`=9-*= )*;*1452*39&1=574,7&2=4+=9-*=(-.943.)=*2'7>4=2:89='*=:3.6:*_ +/. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T/_O0 SEEING=THE=WORLD=THROUGH=NEW=EYESa= A=NOVEL=SENSORY=ORGAN=IN=BASAL=CHITONS=LEPIDOPLEURIDA L_=H_=S:23*78R443*>+`,`=J_=D_=S.,<&79+`,`=E_=SN=<&'*-`=M_=H*88.`=G_=P_=B7*33&3,`= M_=SN=7 )1-`. +Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=M&7.3*=L&'47&947>`=+,8+-=T-*=S97&3)`=P479&+*77>`=C4_=D4<3`= BT,,=+PF=N479-*73=I7*1&3)=18:23*77443*>*+ 6:'_&(_:0= ,Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=L.8':73=R4&)`=B*1+&89`=BT3=1BE======N479-*73=I7*1&3) T/ -Z4414,.8(-*=S9&&988&221:3,=M33(-*3`=M:*3(--&:8*3897&88*=,+`=2+,.1=M:3.(-`=G*72&3>_ .L:)<.,8M&=.2.1.&38=U3.;*78.9C9=M33(-*3`=P74+*88478H:'*78P1&9?=,`=2*/-3=M:3.(-`=G*72&3>_ C-.9438= P41>51&(45-47&= &7*= '&8&1= 2411:8(8= <.9-= &= 8.251*= 3*7;4:8= 8>89*2= <.9-4:9= (*5-&1.8&9.43= 47= &55&7*391>= &3>= &39*7.47= 8*3847>= 47,&38_= W*=7*5479= 9-*= Q=789= ).8(7*9*= &39*7.47= 8*3847>= 897:(9:7*= .3= (-.9438`= .)*39.Q=*)= 9-74:,-4:9= 9-*= L*5.)451*:7.)&`= 9-*= 247*=51*8.42475-.(=4+=9-*=9<4=47)*78=4+=(-.9438_=T-*=S(-<&'*=47,&3=.8=(1*&71>=;.8.'1*= 43=1.;.3,=&3.2&18=&8=897*&08=4+='74<3=47=5:751.8-=5.,2*39=43=9-*=744+=4+=9-*=5&11.&1=(&;.9>= 1&9*7&1=94=9-*=24:9-=1&55*98_=T-*=5.,2*39=)4*8=349=5*78.89=.3=2489=57*8*7;*)=85*(.2*38`= <-.(-=-&8=57*8*39*)=&=8:'89&39.&1=(-&11*3,*=+47=)*8(7.59.;*=<470_=A8=&=7*8:19=4+=3*<= *S=4798= 94= 9-474:,-1>= )*8(7.'*= 9-*= :197&897:(9:7*= 4+= 9-*= S(-<&'*= 47,&3= ;.&= -.89414,>= &3)=*1*(9743=2.(748(45>`=<*=(&3=34<=(43Q=72=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=)*38*=.33*7;&9.43=4+=9-*= *5.9-*1.:2=.3=9-.8=&7*&=&3)=.98=).7*(9=(433*(9.43=94=9-*=1&9*7&1=3*7;*=(47)_=B:3)1*8=4+=3*7;*= Q='7*8=7:33.3,=9-74:,-=9-*=*5.9-*1.:2=&7*=&184=+7*6:*391>=8:774:3)*)='>=9-*=5.,2*39= ,7&3:1*8=<-.(-=(-&7&(9*7.8*=9-*=7*,.43_=B&8&1=(*118`=<-.(-=574/*(9=94=9-*=8:7+&(*=4+=9-*= *5.9-*1.:2`=&3)=(*118='*&7.3,=&=1&7,*=3:2'*7=4+=(.1.&7>=897:(9:7*8`=2&>='*=.3).(&9.;*=4+= 9-*=+:3(9.43=4+=9-*=S(-<&'*=47,&3_=H4<*;*7`=.98=741*=.3=(-.943='*-&;.4:7=7*2&.38=94='*= .3;*89.,&9*)=&3)=.98=57.2&7>=89.2:1:8=.8=89.11=:3034<3_=T-*=S(-<&'*=47,&3=.8=57*8*39=.3= &11=,*3*7&=<.9-.3=L*5.)451*:7.)&=&3)=.8=&'8*39=+742=C-.943.)&=&3)=7*57*8*398=&=34;*1= &3&942.(&1=8>3&542475->=4+=9-*=(1&)*_=F:79-*7=89:)>=4+=9-.8=8*3847>=47,&3=2&>=+:79-*7= .11:2.3&9*=9-*=*&71>=*;41:9.43=&3)=7&).&9.43=4+=L*5.)451*:7.)&=&3)=.98=7*1&9.438-.58=94= 49-*7=(1&)*8=4+=2411:8(8_
T/_O1 FUNCTIONAL=MORPHOLOGY=AND=MOLECULAR=EVOLUTION= OF=CHITON= SHELL=EYES D&3.*1=I_=S5*.8*7+`=S30*=J4-38*3,`=T4))=H_=O&01*>- +E(414,>`=E;41:9.43`=&3)=M&7.3*=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&=S&39&=B&7'&7&`=USA======).85*.8*7 ,2&.1_(42 ,B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=D:0*=U3.;*78.9>`=USA=8/4-38*3 ):0*_*): -E(414,>`=E;41:9.43`=&3)=M&7.3*=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&=S&39&=B&7'&7&`=USA======94))_4&01*> 1.+*8(._:(8'_*):= I2&,*8+472.3,=*>*8=-&;*=*;41;*)=2:19.51*=9.2*8=.3=.3;*79*'7&9*8_=H*7*`=<*=&80a=+=<-&9= &7*=9-*=+:3(9.43&1=(438*6:*3(*8=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=9-*=8*5&7&9*=89*58=4+=*>*=*;41:9.43=&3)= ,=<-&9=&7*=9-*=(-&3,*8=.3=,*349>5*=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=9-*=97&38.9.438='*9<**3=9-*8*=89*58= T4=&))7*88=9-*8*=9<4=6:*89.438`=<*=&7*=<470.3,=<.9-=(-.9438=P->1:2=M411:8(&b=C1&88= P41>51&(45-47&`= (-48*3= '*(&:8*= 9-*>= -&;*= :3.6:*= 8*3847>= 897:(9:7*8= *2'*))*)= .3= 9-*.7=8-*11=51&9*8=&*89-*9*8=9-&9=;&7>=+742=9-*=&3(*897&1=(43).9.43=4+=34385.,2*39*)`= ABSTRACTS +//
1.,-988*38.9.;*=(*118=5-4947*(*59478`=94=5.,2*39*)=(*11=(1:89*78=*>*85498`=94=<-&9= 2&>= '*= 9-*= 2489= 7*(*391>= *;41;*)= 1*388'*&7.3,= *>*8= 4+= &3>= &3.2&1= *>*8_= C-.9438= &184= ).851&>= 2:19.51*= 1.,-98.3R=:*3(*)= '*-&;.478= 9-&9= &7*= 8.251*`= 89*7*49>5*)`= &3)= *&8.1>82&3.5:1&9*)_= T-:8`= (-.9438= 2&>= 7*;*&1= -4<= 3*<= 1.,-98.39*7&(9.3,= 897:(9:7*8= ._*_= 5-4947*(*59478`= 5.,2*39= (*118`= &3)= 1*38*8= )7.;*= 3*<= 1.,-98.3R=:*3(*)= '*-&;.478= ._*_=1.,-98)*9*(9.43`=).7*(9.43&1=5-4947*(*59.43`=&3)=85&9.&1=;.8.43_=W*=&7*=&184=:8.3,= 97&38(7.5942*= 8*6:*3(.3,= 94= (425= &7*= ,*3*= *=57*88.43= '*9<**3= (-.9438= <.9-= 3438 5.,2*39*)=&*89-*9*8`=*>*85498`=&3)=*>*8_=T-74:,-='*-&;.47&1=97.&18=&3)=2475-414,.(&1= *=&2.3&9.43`= <*= Q=3)= 9-&9= 9-*= (-.943= A(&39-451*:7&= ,7&3:1&9&= +4728= .2&,*8= :8.3,= '.7*+7.3,*39= 8-*11= 1*38*8= 2&)*= 4+= 841.)= &7&,43.9*_= C-.9438= 9-&9= 1&(0= 1*38*8= )4= 349= T/ )*243897&9*= 85&9.&1= ;.8.43= ':9`= .397.,:.3,1>`= &7*= 247*= 8*38.9.;*= 94= 82&11= (-&3,*8= .3= .11:2.3&9.43=9-&3=(-.9438=<.9-=*>*8_=T-74:,-=97&38(7.5942*=8*6:*3(.3,`=<*=Q=3)=9-&9=9-*= &*89-*9*8=4+=(-.9438=:=.3(1:).3,=9-48*=+742=85*(.*8=<.9-=34385.,2*39*)=5-4947*(*59478`= *>*85498`=&3)=*>*8=:=,*3*7&11>=*=57*88=&=<.)*=7&3,*=4+=;.8.4387*1&9*)=,*3*8=9-&9=.3(1:)*= G85749*.38`=&77*89.38`=&3)=8*;*7&1=9>5*8=4+=458.3_=F.3&11>`=:8.3,=.22:34-.894(-*2.897>= <*=Q=3)=9-&9=9-*=34385.,2*39*)=5-4947*(*59478`=':9=349=9-*=*>*8`=4+=A_=,7&3:1&9&=*=57*88= &3=789>5*=458.3=8.2.1&7=94=9-48*=*=57*88*)='>=9-*=(*5-&1.(=*>*8=4+=2&3>=.3;*79*'7&9*8_= W*=->549-*8.?*=9-&9=A_=,7&3:1&9&=-&8=2:19.51*=5-49488>89*28=9-&9=45*7&9*=;.&=).S=*7*39= 5-49497&38):(9.43=5&9-<&>8=&3)=2*).&9*=).S=*7*39=1.,-98.3R=:*3(*)='*-&;.478_=
T/_O2 COMPARATIVE=ASPECTS=OF=SOLENOGASTER=MYOGENESIS= AND=THEIR=IMPLICATIONS=FOR=MOLLUSCAN=SYSTEMATICS M&.0=S(-*7-41?+`=E2&3:*1=R*)1+`=C-7.89.&3*=T4)9,`=T.2=W411*8*3+`======A3)7*&8=W&33.3,*7+ +U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=A19-&3897&I*=+.`=+*3*=V.*33&`=A:897.&= 2&.0_8(-*7-41? :3.;.*_&(_&9`=*2&3:*1_7*)1 :3.;.*_&(_&9`=9.2_<411*8*3 :3.;.*_&(_&9`======&3)7*&8_<&33.3,*7 :3.;.*_&(_&9` ,U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=A11S,&9*3=.+`=/**1=B*7,*3`=N47<&>=C-7.89.&3*_T4)9 :2_:.'_34 A19-4:,-=24345->1>=4+=M411:8(&=.8=<.)*1>=&((*59*)`=9-*=7*1&9.438-.58=<.9-.3=9-*=5->1:2= 7*2&.3= :37*841;*)_= S42*= 7*(*39= 241*(:1&78'&8*)= 5->14,*3.*8= 8:55479= 9-*= A(:1.+*7&= ->549-*8.8`= <-*7*'>= 9-*= &51&(45-47&3= 9&=&= S41*34,&897*8= -N*42*3.42475-&= &3)= C&:)4+4;*&9&= -C-&*94)*7242475-&= 94,*9-*7= <.9-= 9-*= P41>51&(45-47&= (-.9438= +472= &= 24345->1*9.(= &88*2'1&,*`= &8= 8.89*7,74:5= 94= 9-*= C43(-.+*7&`= <-.(-= (4257.8*= M43451&(45-47&`=B.;&1;.&`=S(&5-454)&`=G&897454)&=&3)=C*5-&1454)&_=T-.8=.8=.3=(4397&89= 94= 842*= (1&88.(&1= 2475-414,.(&1= 5->14,*3.*8`= <-.(-= 8:,,*89= &= 5&7&5->1*9.(=IA(:1.+*7&H`= 51&(.3,=9-*=S41*34,&897*8=&8=Q=789=4S=8-449=4+=2411:8(&3=5->14,*3>_=F:79-*7247*`=;&7.4:8= 89:).*8=-&;*=8:,,*89*)=9-&9=9-*=P41>51&(45-47&=(1:89*7=<.9-=9-*=C43(-.+*7&=94=+472=9-*= T*89&7.&=(1&)*_ W*=&3&1>?*)=9-*=4394,*3>=4+=9-*=841*34,&89*7=W.7*3.&=&7,*39*&=94=*1:(.)&9*=9-*=*;41:9.43&7>= 47.,.3=4+=S41*34,&897*8_=A8.)*=+742=&=<*118)*;*145*)=7.3,=2:8(:1&9:7*`=4:7=7*8:198=8-4<=&= 8.2:19&3*4:8=&55*&7&3(*=4+=8*;*3=5&.7*)=)47848;*397&1=2:8(1*8_=F:79-*7247*`=<*=+4:3)= 8*;*7&1=2:8(1*=8>89*28=9-&9=<*7*=+472*71>=(438.)*7*)=&8=(43Q=3*)=94=9-*=541>51&(45-47&38`= .3(1:).3,=&3=*37411.3,=2:8(1*`=&=;*397481&9*7&1=2:8(1*=&3)=&=7*(9:8=2:8(1*_=W*=.39*757*9= 9-*8*= 2:8(1*8= &8= -42414,4:8= &3)= (438.)*7= 9-*2= &8= 5&79= 4+= 9-*= '4)>51&3= 4+= 9-*= 1&89= (42243= &3(*8947= 4+= S41*34,&897*8= &3)= P41>51&(45-47&_= W*= &184= ).8(4;*7*)= &= -.9-*794= :3034<3= 2:8(1*`= <-.(-= <*= 9*72= ;*397482*).&3= 2:8(1*`= .3= '49-= 841*34,&89*7= &3)= +/0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
541>51&(45-47&3= 1&7;&*_= M489= 4+= 9-*= 8-&7*)= 1&7;&1= (-&7&(9*78= &7*= 97&38.947>= *1*2*398= ):7.3,=2>4,*3*8.8=4+=W.7*3.&=9-&9=&7*=349=57*8*39=.3=&):19=85*(.2*38_= T-*=3*<=Q=3).3,8=8:55479=&=(148*=7*1&9.438-.5=4+=S41*34,&897*8=&3)=P41>51&(45-47&=&3)`=.3= 9-*=1.,-9=4+=9-*=7*(*39=5->14,*342.(=89:).*8`=8:55479=9-*=A(:1.+*7&=->549-*8.8_
T/_O3 NEUROGENESIS=IN=SOLENOGASTRES=NEOMENIOMORPHA E2&3:*1=R*)1+`=M&.0=S(-*7-41?+`=T.2=W411*8*3+`=C-7.89.&3*=T4)9,`======A3)7*&8=W&33.3,*7+ T/ +U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=F&(:19>=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,>=A19-&3897&I*=+.`= +*3*=V.*33&`=A:897.&=*2&3:*1_7*)1 :3.;.*_&(_&9`=2&.0_8(-*7-41? :3.;.*_&(_&9`======&3)7*&8_<&33.3,*7 :3.;.*_&(_&9 ,U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=U3.;*78.9>=M:8*:2`=T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=C411*(9.438=A11S,&9*3=.+`=/**1=B*7,*3`= N47<&>=C-7.89.&3*_T4)9 :2_:.'_34 T-*=S41*34,&897*8=N*42*3.42475-&=&7*=4V=*3=9-4:,-9=94=4((:5>=&=(7:(.&1=548.9.43=.3= 9-*=2411:8(&3=5->14,*3*9.(=97**_=M475-414,.(&1=8.2.1&7.9.*8='*9<**3=&):19=841*34,&89*78= &3)= 9-*= *394574(9= (7**5.3,= 1&7;&= -&;*= 1*)= 94= 9-*= (43(1:8.43= 9-&9= 9-*= S41*34,&897*8= &7*= 9-*=*&71.*89=*=9&39=4S=8-449=<.9-.3=M411:8(&`=&3)=9-&9=E394574(9&=&3)=M411:8(&=&7*=8.89*7= ,74:58_= M41*(:1&7= 89:).*8`= -4<*;*7`= (4397&).(9= '49-= ->549-*8*8_= T-.8= ).8&,7**2*39= -&25*78= 9-*= 7*(43897:(9.43= 4+= 9-*= 1&89= (42243= &3(*8947= 4+= 2411:8(8= &3)= *;*3= 9-*= 41)= 6:*89.43=4+=8*,2*39*)=47=:38*,2*39*)=&3(*897>=7*2&.38=:37*841;*)_ I3= 47)*7= 94= (4397.':9*= 94= 9-.8= .88:*`= <*= .3;*89.,&9*)= 9-*= )*;*1452*39= 4+= 9-*= 3*7;4:8= 8>89*2=.3=9<4=85*(.*8=4+=S41*34,&897*8`=W.7*3.&=&7,*39*&=&3)=G>2342*3.&=5*11:(.)&`=:8.3,= .22:34(>94(-*2.897>= .3= (43/:3(9.43= <.9-= (43+4(&1= 1&8*7= 8(&33.3,= 2.(748(45>`= &8= <*11= &8=97&382.88.43=*1*(9743=2.(748(45>_=W*=.3;*89.,&9*)=<-*9-*7=9-*7*=&7*=&3>=4394,*3*9.(= 7*23&398=4+=&33*1.)81.0*=8*,2*39&9.43`=*_=,_=+472&9.43=4+=3*:7&1=(42543*398=.3=&3=&39*7.47= 94=5489*7.47=574,7*88.43=47=&=5489*7.47=,74<9-=?43*`=&3)=<-*9-*7=9-*=&5.(&1=47,&3=4+=9-*= 841*34,&89*7=1&7;&=.8=4+=9-*=(4251*==E394574(9&8P41>51&(45-47&89>5*`=<-.(-=.8=43*=4+=9-*= 574548*)=8>3&542475-.*8=4+=E394574(9&=&3)=M411:8(&_ W*=).)=349=Q=3)=&3>=8.,38=4+=8*,2*39&9.43=):7.3,=3*:74,*3*8.8=.3=3*.9-*7=4+=9-*=85*(.*8= .3;*89.,&9*)_=I389*&)`=3*:74,*3*8.8=89&798=+742=&3=&5.(&1=&8=<*11=&8=&3=&'&5.(&1=+472&9.43= (*39*7=&3)=9-*=9<4=1&9*7&1=3*7;*=(47)8=)*;*145=*&71.*7=9-&3=9-*=;*397&1=5&.7_=F:79-*7247*`= &=Q=V=-=143,.9:).3&1=3*:7.9*=':3)1*=.8=+472*)=&143,=9-*=;*397&1=2.)1.3*=4+=9-*=&3.2&1=&3)= 5*78.898=9-74:,-=2*9&2475-48.8_=A=(4251*==&5.(&1=47,&3=4+=9-*=E394574(9&8P41>51&(45-47&8 9>5*=<&8=349=+4:3)=.3=&3>=4+=9-*=9<4=85*(.*8_ O:7=)&9&=&7,:*=&,&.389=&=2*9&2*7.(=47.,.3=4+=2411:8(8_=F:79-*7=89:).*8=43=49-*7=2411:8(&3= ,74:58=&7*=3*(*88&7>=94=&88*88=<-*9-*7=9-*=&3&942>=4+=9-*=&5.(&1=47,&3=4+=S41*34,&897*8=.8= 9-*=7*8:19=4+=8*(43)&7>=8.251.Q=(&9.43=47=7*57*8*398=9-*='&8&1=2411:8(&3=(43).9.43_
T/_O+* ACULIFERA=AND=THE=EVOLUTION=OF=MOLLUSCA A3)7*&8=W&33.3,*7+ +U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=F&(:19>=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=A19-&3897&I*=+.`= +*3*=V.*33&`=A:897.&=&3)7*&8_<&33.3,*7 :3.;.*_&(_&9 R*(*39= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8*8= 8:55479= 9-*= 97&).9.43&1= .)*&= 9-&9= M411:8(&= (438.898= 4+= 9<4= 24345->1*9.(= 1.3*&,*8`= 9-*= A(:1.+*7&= &3)= 9-*= C43(-.+*7&`= ':9= 9-*= ABSTRACTS +/1
2475-414,>=4+=9-*=1&89=(42243=&3(*8947=4+=*.9-*7=4+=9-*=9<4=,74:58=&8=<*11=&8=9-*=*39.7*= 5->1:2= 7*2&.38= :37*841;*)_= T-*= ).8(4;*7>= 4+= +488.18= <.9-= 8-&7*)= 541>51&(45-47&3= &3)=&51&(45-47&3=(-&7&(9*78=2&>=.3).(&9*=9-&9=9-*=:78&(:1.+*7&3=2&>=-&;*=1440*)=1.0*= 842*9-.3,=.3='*9<**3=&3=&51&(45-47&3=&3)=&=541>51&(45-47&3`=':9=2475-414,.(&1=47= )*;*1452*39&1=*;.)*3(*=+742=7*(*39=9&=&=-&;*=84=+&7=+&.1*)=94=*.9-*7=8:55479=47=7*+:9*= 8:(-=&=8(*3&7.4_=R*(*39=)&9&=+742=4:7=1&'=43=9-*=)*;*1452*39=4+=9-*=3*42*3.42475-= 841*34,&89*7= W.7*3.&= &7,*39*&`= -4<*;*7`= 8-4<= 9-&9= 9-*= 1&7;&1= 2:8(:1&9:7*= .3= 9-.8= 85*(.*8= '*&78= 3:2*74:8= 8>3&542475-.*8= <.9-= 9-*= 541>51&(45-47&38`= .3).(&9.3,= 9-&9= &9=1*&89=9-.8=,74:5=4+=&51&(45-47&38=89*28=+742=&3=&3(*8947=<.9-=&=541>51&(45-47&38 1.0*= 2475-414,>_= I3= 9-.8= 9&10= I= <.11= 8:22&7.?*= (:77*39= +488.1`= 2475-414,.(&1= &3)= T/ )*;*1452*39&1=1&3)2&70=)&9&=&3)=<.11=).8(:88=9-*.7='*&7.3,8=43=2411:8(&3=*;41:9.43= .3=9-*=1.,-9=4+=9-*=A(:1.+*7&8C43(-.+*7&=->549-*8.8_=
T/_O++ SYMPOSIUMa=WHO=ARE=THE=$ACULIFERA$ THE=TESTARIA=CONCEPT=PLACOPHORA=(=CONCHIFERA L:.9+7.*)=;_=S&1;.3.8P1&<*3`=G*7-&7)=S9*.3*7= U3.;*78.9C9=W.*3`=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,.*`=A8+*3*=W.*3=V.*33&2A:897.&`=A19-&3897&I*=+.= 1:.9+7.*)_8&1;.3.851&<*3 :3.;.*_&(_&9`=,*7-&7)_89*.3*7 :3.;.*_&(_&9= T-*= 5->14,*3*9.(= 7*1&9.438-.58= &243,= 9-*= &(:1.+*7&3= ,74:58= S41*34,&897*8= N*42*3.42475-&`= C&:)4+4;*&9&= C-&*94)*7242475-&= &3)= P41>8P1&(45-47&= &8= <*11=&8=9-*=8.89*7,74:5=94=9-*=C43(-.+*7&=&7*=89.11=:3)*7=).8(:88.43_=R*(*39=241*(:1&7= &3&1>8*8= 8:55479= 24345->1*9.(= A(:1.+*7&= &8= 9-*= (43(-.+*7&3= 8.89*79&=43= A(:1.+*7&= (43(*59_= A19*73&9.;*1>`= 2475-414,.(&1= (-&7&(9*78= (1*&71>= +&;4:7= P1&(45-47&= &8= 8.89*7,74:5= 94= C43(-.+*7&= T*89&7.&= (43(*59_= W*= *25-&8.?*= 9-*= 51*8.42475-.(= 3&9:7*=4+=9-*=2475-414,.(&1=8.2.1&7.9.*8=&243,=9-*=&(:1.+*7&3=9&=&=&3)=.3=7*1&9.43=94= 9-*= C43(-.+*7&_= I3= (4397&89`= 9-*= (1&)*= T*89&7.&=P1&(45-47&= (= C43(-.+*7&= .8= '&8*)= 43= 8*;*7&1=8>3&542475-.*8=.3(1:).3,=9-*=7&):1&=(4251*=`=9-*=85*(.Q=(=7*,.43&1.?&9.43=4+= 9-*=2.),:9`=9-*=)47848;*397&1=2:8(:1&9:7*`=&3)=9-*=*=(7*947>=47,&38_=W*=4:91.3*=9-*= ,7&):&1= ).S=*7*39.&9.43= +742= &51&(45-47&3= 94= 541>51&(45-47&3= 94= 9*89&7.&3= 1*;*18`= &184='>=.39*,7&9.3,=4394,*3*9.(=&3)=5&1&*439414,.(&1=)&9&_=T-*=241*(:1&7=97**8=).S=*7= (4385.(:4:81>= .3= )&9&= &3)= 4:9,74:5= (-4.(*`= &3)= 8-4<= -.,-= 8:55479= +47= (43R=.(9.3,= &(:1.+*7&3= &3)= (43(-.+*7&3= '7&3(-*8_= R*841;.3,= 9-*8*= ).8(7*5&3(.*8= '>= .2574;.3,= 4:9,74:5=7*57*8*39&9.43`=7449.3,=4+=9-*=M411:8(&`=&3)=7*Q=3.3,=5->14,*342.(=&3&1>8.8= 94418=2&>=<*11=7*;*&1=8:55479=+47=9-*=T*89&7.&=(43(*59_
T/_O+, TOWARDS=A=MOLECULAR=PHYLOGENY=OF=CHITONS=POLYPLACOPHORA= USING=COMPLETE=MITOCHONDRIAL=GENOMES I0*7=I7.8&77.+`=D4:,1&8=J_=E*73.88*,`=R&+&*1=Z&7)4>&+ +D*59_=B.4).;*78.)&)=>=B.414,c&=E;41:9.;&`=M:8*4=N&(.43&1=)*=C.*3(.&8=N&9:7&1*8=CSIC`= J48S=G:9.S77*?=A'&8(&1=,`=,2**0=M&)7.)`=S5&.3=.7.8&77._.0*7 ,2&.1_(42`=7&+&? 23(3_(8.(_*8= ,D*59_=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*`=C&1.+473.&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=2**=N_=S9&9*=C411*,*=B1;)_`=F:11*7943`=CA`=USA= )**73.88* +:11*7943_*):= P41>51&(45-47&38= &7*= &3= *&71>= 4S=8-449= 4+= 2411:808= <.9-= 034<3= +488.18= )&9.3,= '&(0= 94= U55*7= C&2'7.&3_= C-.9438= -&;*= '**3= (438.)*7&'1>= 89:).*)= &9= 47= '*14<= 9-*= +&2.1>= +/2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
1*;*1`= ':9= ;*7>= +*<= 89:).*8= -&;*= &))7*88*)= 9-*= *;41:9.43&7>= 7*1&9.438-.58= &9= -.,-*7= 9&=4342.(&1= 1*;*18_= A8= &= (438*6:*3(*`= &= ,*3*7&1= +7&2*<470= +47= 9-*= 5->14,*3*9.(= &T==3.9.*8= 4+= 541>51&(45-47&38= -&8= '**3= 2.88.3,_= T7&).9.43&11>`= 9&=4342.(&1= (1&88.Q=(&9.438=4+=(-.9438=-&;*='**3='&8*)=57.2&7.1>=43=;&1;*=8-*11=51&9*=(-&7&(9*78`= .3=842*=(&8*8=*;*3=7*1>.3,=(4251*9*1>=43=9-*2_=R*(*39=2475-414,.(&1=&3)=241*(:1&7= (-&7&(9*78= -&;*= 574;.)*)= .25479&39= .38.,-98= .394= (-.943= *;41:9.43`= (-&11*3,.3,= (43;*39.43&1=5->14,*3*9.(=->549-*8*8_=W*=:8*)=-.,-=9-74:,-5:9=8*6:*3(.3,=2*9-4)8= 8-49,:3= 8:'(143.3,= &3)= I11:2.3&= 94= 4'9&.3= 3*<= 2.94(-43)7.&1= ,*342*= 8*6:*3(*8= +47= 8*1*(9*)= 2&/47= 1.3*&,*8= 4+= (-.9438`= (438.)*7&'1>= *=5&3).3,= 57*;.4:81>= &;&.1&'1*= T/ )&9&_=T-*=5->14,*3*9.(=&3&1>8*8=4+=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*342*=)&9&=(4774'47&9*=<.9-=-.,-= 8:55479=9-*=24345->1>=4+=2&.3=9&=4342.(=,74:5.3,8=.394=47)*78=L*5.)451*:7.)&=&3)= C-.943.)&`=&3)=<.9-.3=C-.943.)&=.394=8:'47)*78=C-.943.3&=&3)=A(&39-4(-.943.3&_=T-*= ,*3:8=C&114(-.943`=<-48*=5->14,*3*9.(=548.9.43=7*2&.3*)=-.,-1>=).85:9*)`=.8=7*(4;*7*)= '&8&1= <.9-.3= C-.943.)&= <.9-= -.,-= 8:55479_= I3= &)).9.43`= <*= (-&11*3,*= 9-*= 97&).9.43&1= )*Q=3.9.43= 4+= (*79&.3= +&2.1.*8= &8= *_,_`= M45&1..)&*= 47= A(&39-4(-.943.)&*`= &3)= &7,:*= 9-&9=7*(4;*7*)=&19*73&9.;*=7*1&9.438-.58=<-.(-=&7*=89743,1>=8:55479*)=2&0*=8*38*=4+= &)).9.43&1=2475-414,.(=(-&7&(9*78=&3)='.4,*4,7&5-.(=5&=*738_=O;*7&11`=<*=57*8*39=&= 74':89=5->14,*3*9.(=->549-*8.8=+47=9-*=(1&88=P41>51&(45-47&=&8=&=7*1.&'1*=+7&2*<470= 94=:3)*789&3)=*;41:9.43&7>=5&=*738=&3)=574(*88*8=.3=9-.8=,74:5`=&3)=:7,*=+47=&=(7.9.(&1= 7*;.8.43=4+=9-*=-.,-*781*;*1=9&=4342.(=(1&88.Q=(&9.43_
T/_O+- PRELIMINARY=MOLECULAR=PHYLOGENY=OF=APLACOPHORA K*;.3=M_=K4(49+`=C-7.89.&3*=T4)9,`=N.3&=M.00*18*3,`=K*33*9-=M_=H&1&3>(-+ +D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=A:':73=U3.;*78.9>`=AL=-02.3=USA=0204(49 &:':73_*):`======0*3 &:':73_*): ,U3.;*78.9>=M:8*:2=4+=B*7,*3`=T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=C411*(9.438`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=A11S,&9*3=.+`= /**1=B*7,*3`=N47<&>=C-7.89.&3*_T4)9 :2_:.'_34`=N.3&_M.00*18*3 :2_:.'_34 T-*= 8-*1181*88`= <47281.0*= &51&(45-47&3= 2411:8(8= -&;*= '**3= (*397&1= 94= ).8(:88.438= 4+= *&71>= 2411:8(&3= *;41:9.43_= R*(*39= 241*(:1&7= .3;*89.,&9.438= 89743,1>= 8:55479*)= 51&(*2*39= 4+= 9-*= 9<4= ,74:58`= S41*34,&897*8= -N*42*3.42475-&= &3)= C&:)4+4;*&9&= -C-&*94)*7242475-&`=.3=&=24345->1*9.(=(1&)*`=A51&(45-47&=8.89*7=94=P41>51&(45-47&= (-.9438_=T-.8=(1&)*`=(&11*)=A(:1.+*7&`=(4257.8*8=9-*=8.89*7=9&=43=4+=&11=49-*7=2411:8(8= &3)= 9-:8= .8= .25479&39= 94= :3)*789&3).3,= 9-*= *&71>= *;41:9.43= 4+= M411:8(&_= W.9-.3= A(:1.+*7&`=842*=<470=-&8=&))7*88*)=*;41:9.43&7>=7*1&9.438-.58=<.9-.3=P41>51&(45-47&`= ':9= 1.=1*= .8= 034<3= &'4:9= *;41:9.43&7>= 7*1&9.438-.58= <.9-.3= A51&(45-47&_= T-*7*+47*`= 9-*= 5->14,*3*9.(= +7&2*<470= 3**)*)= 94= :3)*789&3)= 9-*= *;41:9.43= 4+= 0*>= (-&7&(9*78= +47= A51&(45-47&`= A(:1.+*7&`= &3)= *;*3= M411:8(&= &8= &= <-41*= -&8= '**3= 1&(0.3,_= H*7*`= <*=*2514>*)=&=5->14,*342.(=&5574&(-=94=4'9&.3=9-*=5->14,*3*9.(='&(0'43*=+47=9-*= &51&(45-47&3=2411:8(8_=S5*(.Q=(&11>`=<*=8*6:*3(*)=I11:2.3&=97&38(7.5942*8=+742=9<*1;*= &51&(45-47&38=51:8=43*=(-.943=4:9,74:5=94=,7*&91>=*=5&3)=43=9-*=5&:(.9>=4+=&;&.1&'1*= ,*342.(= )&9&= +47= 9-*= ,74:5_= O:7= 7*8:198= 574;.)*= +:79-*7= 8:55479= +47= &51&(45-47&3= 24345->1>= &3)= &= 8.89*7= 9&=43= 7*1&9.438-.5= 4+= A51&(45-47&= &3)= P41>51&(45-47&= A(:1.+*7&_= W.9-.3= C&:)4+4;*&9&`= P74(-&*94)*72&9.)&*= <&8= 51&(*)= '&8&1= 94= &= (1&)*= (4257.8*)=4+=L.2.+48847.)&*=(=C-&*94)*72&9.)&*`=&=7*8:19=&9=4))8=<.9-=9-*=(422431>= -*1)= ->549-*8.8= 51&(.3,= 9-*= 5:9&9.;*1>= 51*8.42475-.(= L.2.+48847.)&*= &8= 9-*= '&8&18 2489= (-&*94)*72= +&2.1>_=W.9-.3= 9-*= 2:(-= 247*= ).;*78*= S41*34,&897*8`= <*= Q=3)= 9-&9= ABSTRACTS +/3
C&;.'*143.&`= 9-*= 97&).9.43&1= 47)*7= )*Q=3*)= '>= -4114<`= &(.(:1&7= 8(1*7.9*8= &3)= &= 9-.(0= (:9.(1*`=.8=349=24345->1*9.(_=O:7=7*8:198=51&(*=A1*=&3)742*3.&=A25-.2*3..)&*='&8&1=94= 9-*=7*2&.3)*7=4+=N*42*3.42475-&=<.9-=89743,=8:55479=.3=&11=&3&1>8*8_=T-*=7*2&.3)*7= 4+= C&;.'*143.&= 7*57*8*39*)= '>= 9-*= +&2.1.*8= P743*42*3..)&*`= S.2749-.*11.)&*`= &3)= P7:;49.3.)&*=.8=7*3)*7*)=5&7&5->1*9.(='>=9-*=47)*7=N*42*3.&2475-&=7*57*8*39*)='>= 9<4=85*(.*8=4+=N*42*3.&=&19-4:,-=8:55479=+47=9-*=*=&(9=51&(*2*39=4+=N*42*3.&2475-&= ;&7.*)=&243,=&3&1>8*8_=L&891>`=9-*=47)*7=P-41.)480*5.&`=<-.(-=.8=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=8(1*7.9*8= &8=9-.3=8(&1*8`=<&8=7*(4;*7*)=24345->1*9.(=.3=&11=&3&1>8*8_=T-.8=<470=7*57*8*398=9-*=Q=789= 241*(:1&7=5->14,*3>=4+=A51&(45-47&`=<-.(-=-&8=8:'89&39.&11>=&19*7*)=:3)*789&3).3,= 4+=9-*=*;41:9.43&7>=-.8947>=4+=9-.8=.39*7*89.3,=':9=4V=*3=4;*71440*)=,74:5_=M41*(:1&7= T/ 5->14,*3*9.(8= 57&(9.(&11>= 9:738= :58.)*8)4<3= 57*;.4:8= ->549-*8*8= 4+= 5->14,*3*9.(= 7*1&9.438-.58=.3='49-=N*42*3.42475-&=&=(&;.'*143.&3=9&=43=&8=9-*=Q=789='7&3(-=<.9-.3= 9-*=(1&)*=&3)=C-&*94)*7242475-&=P74(-&*94)*72&9.)&*=&8=9-*=Q=789='7&3(-=<.9-.3= 9-*=(1&)*_=E85*(.&11>=.3=N*42*3.42475-&`=4:7=7*8:198=&7*=(438.89*39=<.9-=&=8-.V==+742= 8:55479= +47= 9-*= T*89&7.&8->549-*8.8= 82&1188.?*)= 5-41.)480*5.&3= 3*42*3.42475-8= ).851&>=9-*=2489=&3(*897&1=2475-414,>=<.9-.3=M411:8(&=94=9-*=A(:1.+*7&8->549-*8.8= &3(*897&1=2411:8(8=<*7*=7*1&9.;*1>=1&7,*88.?*)`=541>51&(45-47&381.0*=&3.2&18_
T/_O+. USING=MOLECULAR=PHYLOGENETICS=TO=TEST=AFFINITIES= OF=FOSSIL=ACULIFERAN=MOLLUSCS=AND=RECONSTRUCT= THEIR=CHARACTER=EVOLUTION J&04'=V.39-*7 S(-4418=4+=E&79-=S(.*3(*8=&3)=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B7.8941=W44)1&3)=R4&)=B7.8941=BS2=+UG= UK=/&04'_;.39-*7 '7.8941_&(_:0= T-*= 3&9:7*= &3)= *;41:9.43= 4+= 9-*= &51&(45-47&38= &3)= (-.9438= -&;*= 7*(*.;*)= 2:(-= .39*7*89=&8=9-*>=-&;*='**3=(438.)*7*)=94=7*57*8*39=&=,74:5=<.9-=2&3>=51*8.42475-.(= (-&7&(9*7.89.(8=+47=9-*=2411:8(8_=E85*(.&11>=9-*=&51&(45-47&38=-&;*=&=7&(9*)=2:(-=+4(:8= ):*=94=9-*.7=1&(0=4+=2&3>=9>5.(&1=2411:8(&3=47,&38`=<-.(-=-&8=1*)=842*=94=54797&>=9-*2= &8=(148*=94=9-*=&3(*897&1=2475-414,>=4+=9-*=2411:8(8_ T-*=+488.1=7*(47)`=43=9-*=49-*7=-&3)`=8:,,*89=&=2:(-=1&9*7=&3)=842*<-&9=5*751*=.3,= *;41:9.43= 4+= 9-*= ,74:5_= W-.1*= '43&= Q=)*= (43(-.+*7&3= 2411:8(8= &7*= 034<3= +742= 9-*= E&71.*89=C&2'7.&3`=349=&=8.3,1*=:3*6:.;4(&1=&51&(45-47&3=47=(-.943=.8=034<3=+742=9-.8= 9.2*= 5*7.4)_= C-.94381.0*= +4728= &7*= 7*(4;*7*)= .3= 9-*= 1&9*89= C&2'7.&3_=A51&(45-47&38= &7*=431>=7*57*8*39*)='>=+4728=9-&9=&7*=2:(-=>4:3,*7=&3)=-&;*=&3=&55*&7&3(*=1.0*=&= (-.943`=<.9-=1=47=2=8-*11=51&9*8=&3)=<-&9=&55*&78=94='*=&=7*):(*)=+449_=T-*=+488.1=7*(47)=.8= 2:(-=247*=.3=&((47)&3(*=<.9-=&=1.=1*=&557*(.&9*)=->549-*8.8`=<-.(-=-&8='**3=574548*)= 2&.31>= '>=A2*1.*= S(-*19*2&= 9-&9= 9-*= &51&(45-47&38= &7*= 8*(43)&7.1>= 7*):(*)= +4728`= 5*7-&58=;.&=574,*3*8.8=&3)=)4=349=7*57*8*39=&3=&3(*897&1='4)>51&3_= U8.3,= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3*9.(8= &3)= ).;*7,*3(*= *89.2&9.43= I= -&;*= 9*89*)= 9-.8= ->549-*8.8_=I=-&;*=7*(4;*7*)=&=24345->1*9.(=A(:1.+*7&`=<-.(-=-&8=34<='**3=+4:3)=.3= 9-7**= .3)*5*3)*39= &3&1>8*8`= 9-:8= 574;.3,= 94= '*= 9-*= 2489= 74':89= 7*1&9.438-.5= &243,= 2411:8(&3= (1&88*8= 94= )&9*_= D.;*7,*3(*= *89.2&9*8`= :8.3,= *=9*73&1= (&1.'7&9.438= +742= '.;&1;*8`=,&897454)8`='7&(-.454)8=&3)=&79-7454)8=7*(4;*7*)=&=).;*7,*3(*='*9<**3=9-*= &51&(45-47&38=&3)=(-.9438=.3=9-*=E&71>=O7)4;.(.&3=.2*=94=.1*=M&`=<-.(-=5489=)&9*8=9-*= 41)*89=(-.94381.0*=+4728=+742=9-*=L&9*=C&2'7.&3=5.3/=M&_ M41*(:1&7= (14(08= &184= 8-4<= 9-&9= M:19.51&(45-47&38= &7*= &3= *=9.3(9= 4S=8-449= +742= 9-*= +0* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
(-.943= 89*2= 1.3*&,*= <-.(-= *;41;*)= (*79&.3= (74<3= ,74:5= (-&7&(9*7.89.(8= (43;*7,*391>= 94=9-*=(74<3=,74:5=.3=&)).9.43=94=&='.?&77*=80*1*943=4+=+1=8-*11=51&9*8=,.7)1*)='>=1&7,*= 85.3*8_
T/_O+/ ON=THE=BASAL=RELATIONSHIPS=OF=MOLLUSCS= G43?&14=G.7.'*9+ +M:8*:2=4+=C425&7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=D*5&792*39=4+=O7,&3.82.(=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`= T/ H&7;&7)=U3.;*78.9>`=,0=O=+47)=S97**9`=C&2'7.),*`=MA=*,+-2`=USA=,,.7.'*9 ,_-&7;&7)_*):= A243,=9-*=2489=+&8(.3&9.3,=574'1*28=.3=&3.2&1=8>89*2&9.(8=.8=9-*=5->14,*3>=4+=9-*= 2411:8(&3=(1&88*8`=&3)=*85*(.&11>=9-*=7*1&9.438-.58=&243,=.98=;*72.+472`=85.(:1*8 '*&7.3,=&3)`=&3)=2:19.8,.11*)=+4728_=H*7*=I=<.11=).8(:88=7*(*39=&);&3(*8=.394=9-*= 7*1&9.438-.58=4+=9-*=9<4=&51&(45-47&3=,74:58=&3)=(-.9438`=243451&(45-47&38=&3)= 9-*=49-*7=2411:8(&3=(1&88*8`=:8.3,=*;.)*3(*=+742=9&7,*988*6:*3(.3,=&5574&(-*8`= 3*=98,*3*7&9.43=5->14,*342.(=)&9&`=&3&942.(&1=.3+472&9.43=&3)=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)= &3)=).8(:88=&=5488.'1*=74&)2&5=+47=,*3*7&9.3,=&=74':89=5->14,*3>=4+=9-*=2*2'*78= 4+=9-*=5->1:2=M411:8(&_=
T/_O+0 WHO=ARE=THE=ACULIFERA J:1.&=D_=S.,<&79+`,`=C-7.89.&3*=T4)9-`=A2S1.*=S(-*19*2&. +Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=M&7.3*=L&'47&947>`=+,8+-=T-*=S97&3)`=P479&+*77>`=C4_=D4<3`= BT,,=+PF=N479-*73=I7*1&3)=/_8.,<&79 6:'_&(_:0 ,Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=L.8':73=R4&)`=B*1+&89`= BT3=1BE=N479-*73=I7*1&3)= -U3.;*78.9>=M:8*:2=4+=B*7,*3`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=P_O_=B4==12**`=/*,*=B*7,*3`=N47<&>= C-7.89.&3*_T4)9 :2_:.'_34 .B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=W44)8=H41*=O(*&34,7&5-.(=I389.9:9.43`=W44)8=H41*`=MA=*,/.-=USA= &8(-*19*2& <-4._*). T-*= (-.9438= P41>51&(45-47&= &3)= ;*72.+472= 2411:8(8= S41*34,&897*8= &3)= C&:)4+4;*&9&=-&;*='**3=+4(&1=94=6:*89.438=4+=5&382411:8(&3=5->14,*3>_=T-*=9-7**= ,74:58=&7*=489*38.'1>=:3.9*)='>=9-*=85.(:1&7=&72&9:7*=9-&9=.8=9-*='&8.8=+47=9-*=3&2*= A(:1.+*7&= 3**)1*8'*&7.3,=4+=&=5:9&9.;*=(1&)*=:3.9.3,=9-*8*=(1&88*8_=A=;*7>=+*<= 85*(.*8=+742=9-*8*=,74:58=-&;*='**3=(&11*)=:543=94=8*7;*=&8=0*>=51&>*78=.3=-.,-= 574+.1*=8(.*39.+.(=)*'&9*=43=5&38M411:8(&3=5->14,*3>=.3=9-*=1&89=+*<=>*&78`=>*9=9-*= &3.2&18=.3=,*3*7&1=7*2&.3=54471>=:3)*78944)=&3)=8(.*39.+.(&11>=:3)*787*57*8*39*)_= T-*8*=&3.2&18=-&;*=&=7*5:9&9.43=&8=9&=4342.(&11>= ).++.(:19=':9=&7*=9-*=84:7(*=4+= 2:(-=*=(*11*39=<470=43=)*;*1452*39`=5->14,*3>`=&3&942>`=&3)=*(414,>_=I3)**)`=&= 9-*2*=7*5*&9*)1>=*2*7,*8=4+=-.))*3='.4).;*78.9>=&9=&11=1*;*18_=A243,=&3.2&18=9-&9= &7*=4+9*3=).82.88*)=&8=2475-414,.(&11>=-424,*3*4:8`=9-*>=.3=+&(9=;&7>=.3=*(414,>`= 24)*8=4+=7*574):(9.43`=8*3847>=&3&942>`=&3)=2*9&'41.(=5->8.414,>`=*;*3=&243,= (148*1>87*1&9*)=85*(.*8_=G.;*3=9-*=+7*6:*3(>=4+=.3)*5*3)*39=;*72.+472='4)>=51&38= 9-74:,-4:9=M*9&?4&`=&3)=7*5*&9*)=*;41:9.43=4+=8-*1181*8883*88=.3=2489=2411:8(&3= (1&88*8`=&=24345->1*9.(=47.,.3=4+= A51&(45-47&=574'&'1>=8**28=43*=4+=9-*=1*&89= 5&78.243.4:8= (43(*598= .3= 2411:8(&3= *;41:9.43`= >*9= .9= -&8= 8:'89&39.&1= 8:55479_= D.++*7*39=)&9&8*98`=<-*9-*7=241*(:1&7`=&3&942.(&1`=47=5&1&*439414,.(&1`=*;&1:&9*)= ABSTRACTS +0+
.3= .841&9.43= (&3= 8:55479= 7&).(&11>= ).++*7*39= .39*757*9&9.438= +47= 9-*= 7*1&9.438-.58= '*9<**3= &(:1.+*7&3=2*2'*78_=H4<*;*7`=.3=9-*=3*=9=)*(&)*8=9-*=+.*1)=<.11=6:.(01>= &5574&(-=842*=(438*38:8=43=9-*=5->14,*3>=<.9-.3=*&(-=(1&88`=&3)=9-.8=<.11=.3=9:73= .3+472=*=*251&7=8*1*(9.43=+47=7*(43897:(9.3,=)**5*7=7*1&9.438-.58_=I3=9-*=2*&39.2*`= :3)*789&3).3,=9-*='&8.(='.414,>=4+=9-*=&3.2&18`=&3)=9-*=7&3,*=4+=;&7.&9.43=<.9-.3= &3)='*9<**3=85*(.*8`=.8=+:3)&2*39&11>=.25479&39=94=7*1.&'1>=7*(43897:(9.3,=9-*.7= 7*(*39=*;41:9.43&7>=-.8947>_ T-.8= 8>2548.:2= -434:78= 9-*= 2*247>= 4+= 43*= .25479&39= &);4(&9*= 4+= (1*;*7= &3)= .385.7*)=<470=43=(-.9438=&3)=&51&(45-47&38`=P74+_=C-7.8=S(-&3)*7=+30*:,*+,_ T/ T/_P+ MITOGENOMICS=REVEALS=PHYLOGENETIC=RELATIONSHIPS=WITHIN= CAUDOFOVEATA=APLACOPHORA N.3&=T_=M.00*18*3+`=K*;.3=M_=K4(49,`=D&;.)=O_=F*77.41-`=C-7.89.&3*=T4)9+`= R&+&*1=Z&7)4>&-`=K*33*9-=M_=H&1&3>(-, +U3.;*78.9>=M:8*:2=4+=B*7,*3`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=P_O_=B4==12**`=/*,*=B*7,*3`=N47<&>======3.3&_2.00*18*3 :2_:.'_343.3&_2.00*18*3 :2_:.'_34`=(-7.89.&3*_94)9 :2_:.'_34 ,+*+=R4:8*=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B1),_A:':73=U3.;*78.9>`=AL`=USA=0204(49 &:':73_*):`======0*3 &:':73_*): -M:8*4=N&(.43&1=)*=C.*3(.&8=N&9:7&1*8`=J48S=G:9.S77*?=A'&8(&1=,`=,2**0`=M&)7.)`=S5&.3= )&;.)48(& 23(3_(8.(_*8`=7&+&? 23(3_(8.(_*8 T-*= <47288-&5*)`= 8-*1181*88= &51&(45-47&3= 2411:8(8= C&:)4+4;*&9&= -C-&*94)*7242475-&= &3)= S41*34,&897*8= -N*42*3.42475-&= -&;*= 7*(*391>= 7*(*.;*)= &= ,7*&9= )*&1= 4+= &99*39.43= &8= 5&79= 4+= 9-*= 574548*)= (1&)*=A(:1.+*7&`= ':9= 7*1&9.438-.58= <.9-.3= &51&(45-47&3= 9&=&= &7*= 89.11= 1&7,*1>= :3034<3_= T-:8`= <*= *2514>*)=(4251*9*=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*342*8=94=7*841;*=7*1&9.438-.58=<.9-=5&79.(:1&7= &99*39.43= 43= C&:)4+4;*&9&_= M.94(-43)7.&1= ,*342*8= -&;*= '**3= 8*6:*3(*)= +47= 2489= 4+= 9-*= 2411:80= (1&88*8`= ':9= )&9&= -&;*= '**3= (4385.(:4:81>= 1&(0.3,= +47= &51&(45-47&38_= W*= 8*6:*3(*)= &3)= &88*2'1*)= 9-*= 2.94(-43)7.&1= ,*342*8= 4+= 8*;*3=85*(.*8=4+=C&:)4+4;*&9&=&3)=43*=85*(.*8=4+=S41*34,&897*8`=(-.*+1>=:8.3,=9-*= I11:2.3&=M.S*6=51&9+472_=W*=8:551*2*39*)=9-*8*=)&9&=<.9-=&)).9.43&1=&;&.1&'1*= 8*6:*3(*8= +742= G*3B&30_=A+9*7= ,*342.(= &88*2'1>= <.9-= R&>`= 9-*= 2.94(-43)7.&1= ,*342*8= <*7*= &3349&9*)= :8.3,= 9-*= MITOS= 8*7;*7_= P->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8*8= 4+= 2.94(-43)7.&1=5749*.38(4).3,=,*3*=DNA=&3)=&2.34=&(.)=8*6:*3(*8=<*7*=(&77.*)= 4:9= :8.3,= 2&=.2:2= 1.0*1.-44)= .3= RA=ML_= T-*8*= &3&1>8*8= 89743,1>= 8:55479= 9-*= 24345->1>= 4+= 9-*= C&:)4+4;*&9&_= W.9-.3= C&:)4+4;*&9&`= C-&*94)*72&9.)&*= <&8= 7*(4;*7*)=&8=24345->1*9.(`=':9=L.2.+48847.)&*=<&8=349_=A)).9.43&11>`=(425&7.843= 4+= 2.94(-43)7.&1= ,*3*= 47)*7= 7*;*&1*)= &77&3,*2*398= 4+= 5749*.3= (4).3,= ,*3*8= &3)=9RNA8=).&,3489.(=+47=C&:)4+4;*&9&_=G*3*=47)*7=2&>=&184='*=).&,3489.(=+47= C-&*94)*72&9.)&*=&3)=L.2.+48847.)&*_ +0, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T/_P, CONTRIBUTION=TO=ABYSSAL=ANGOLA=BASIN=SOLENOGASTRES= MOLLUSCA=WITH=PRELIMINARY=RECORDS=OF=TWO=SPECIES= OF=THE=ORDER=PHOLIDOSKEPIA
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T/_P. FIRST=DATA=ON=TWO=SPECIES=OF=PRUVOTINA=MOLLUSCA`= SOLENOGASTRES`=PRUVOTINIIDAE=FROM=THE=DEEP=SEA= OF=GALICIA=NW=SPAIN L:(.&=P*)74:?4+`=M&7.&=)*1=C&72*3=C4'4+`=O_G&7(c&8Á1;&7*?,`=M_=P_=S*&7c8+`= V_=U7,477.+`=F_C4'4- T/ +D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z4414=c&=*=A39745414=c&=Fc8.(&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=B.414=c&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*= C425489*1&`=C&25:8=S:7=823`=+/12,=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=S5&.3b E89&(.3=)*=B.414=c&=M&7.&=)&=G7&&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=R0&=)&=R.'*.7&=+`=+//3*`= A=G7&&`=F*7741`=S5&.3=1:(.&_5*)74:?4 :8(_*8`=2&7.&)*1(&72*3_(4'4 :8(_*8`=2&7(48_5*7*? :8(_*8`= ;.9:(4_:7,477. :8(= ,D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z4414=c&=*=A39745414=c&=Fc8.(&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=B.414=c&`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=S&39.&,4=)*= C425489*1&`=C&25:8=S:7=823`=+/12,=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=S5&.3=4,&7(.&8&1;&7*? *):_=:39&_*8= -D*5&792*394=)*=Z4414=c&=*=A39745414=c&=Fc8.(&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=B.414=c&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*= C425489*1&`=C&25:8=S:7=823`=+/12,=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=S5&.3b =E89&(.3=)*=H.)74'.414=c&=E3(474)4=C43`=C&8974&,:)c3=823`=-00+1=V.1&,&7(c&=)*=A74:8&`=P439*;*)7&`= S5&.3=+*73&3)4_(4'4 :8(_*8 I3= 9-*= G&1.(.&3= (4&89= ,1= S41*34,&897*8= 85*(.*8= &7*= 034<3`= 0= 4+= <-.(-= '*143,= 94= P7:;49..3.)&*_= P7:;49.3&= &79&'7&= Z&2&774= *9= &1`= ,*+,= .8= 9-*= 431>= 85*(.*= 4+= 9-*= ,*3*7&= P7:;49.3&`= .9= (42*8= +742= (47&1= &3)= 8943*= '4=428= 8.9:&9*)= '*9<**3= 0**= &3)= +***= 2= )*59-_ D:7.3,= 9-*= *=5*).9.43= A= S*1;&= ,**2`= <-.(-= 9440= 51&(*= .3= (&7'43&9*)= 4(*&3.(= (7:89= '4=428=4+=9-*=51&9+472=&3)=(439.3*39&1='&30=4+=9-*=NW=4+=G&1.(.&=S5&.3='*9<**3=+/*= &3)=,/**=2=4+=)*59-`=&3=.25479&39=(411*(9.43=4+=S41*34,&897*8=<&8=,&9-*7*)_ ,-= 85*(.2*38= 4+= 9-*= &'4;*= 2*39.43*)= (411*(9.43= &7*= 89:).*)_= +2= 4+= <-.(-= <*7*= 7*(411*(9*)=&9=+***=2=)*59-=.3=&3=&':3)&39=(47&1=8:'897&9:2`=&3)=/=(&2*=+742=&=34):1*= 8:'897&9:2=4+=0**=2=)*59-_=T-*=89:)>=4+=9-*=2&391*=8(1*7.9*8=51&(*8=9-*8*=85*(.2*38=.394= 9-*=P7:;49.3..)&*=+&2.1>_=I3=&)).9.43=9-*=.39*73&1=&3&942>=897:(9:7*8`=4'9&.3*)=+742=9-*= -.89414,.(&1=8*(9.438`=8.9:&9*)=9-*2=.394=9-*=,*3*7&=P7:;49.3&_=T-*=.25479&39=&3&942.(&1= ).S=*7*3(*8='*9<**3=9-*8*=85*(.*8=&3)=9-*=49-*7=034<3=85*(.*8=4+=9-*=,*3*7&=.3).(&9*= 9-&9=9-*>=2.,-9='*=(1&88.Q=*)=&8=9<4=3*<=85*(.*8_
T/_P/ A=NEW=SPECIES=OF=CHAETODERMIDAE=APLACOPHORA`= CHAETODERMOMORPHA=FROM=RIO=DE=JANEIRO`=BRAZIL`=FROM=A= POSSIBLE=NEW=GENUS=RELATED=TO=FALCIDENS=SALVINI8PLAWEN`=+302= P&41&=V.83&7).=F&88.3&`=P&:14=V.3.(.:8=F*77&?=C477U&`=F1@;.4=D.&8=P&8848 D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=B.414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>=:=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&25.3&8`=P_O_=B4==0+*3`= CEP=+-*2-831*`=C&25.3&8`=SP`=B7&?.1_=141&+&88.3& -492&.1_(42`=5&:14;+( >&-44_(42_'7`== R=&;.4)5 :3.(&25_'7= K34<1*),*=43=9-*=B7&?.1.&3=&51&(45-47&38=.8=;*7>=7*897.(9*)`=':9=&=-.,-=).;*78.9>=4+= 9-*8*=&3.2&18=.8='*,.33.3,=94='*=).8(4;*7*)='>=&=7*(*391>`=1&7,*=(411*(9.43=4'9&.3*)='>= +0. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
9-*= HABITATS= P74/*(9= := C&2548= B&8.3= E3;.7432*39&1= H*9*74,*3*.9>= '>= CENPES2 PETROBRAS=.3=C&2548=B&8.3`=4S==R.4=)*=J&3*.74_=O3*=4+=9-*=2489=(42243=85*(.*8= 3-,,*=.3=9-*=8&251*8=+742=9-*=(439.3*39&1=8-*1+=&3)=8145*=33_0831/=2=)*59-8=<&8= 89:).*)`=&.2.3,=94=)*8(7.'*=.9_=I841&9*)=8(1*7.9*8=<*7*=*=&2.3*)='>=9-*=SEM=&3)=9-74:,-= 9-*=1.,-9=2.(748(45*=<*7*=4'8*7;*)='>='.77*+7.3,*3(*_=W-41*=85*(.2*38=<*7*=8*(9.43*)= 94=89:)>=9-*=.39*73&1=47,&38`=2&.31>=+742=9-*=).,*89.;*=8>89*2_=T-*=7&):1&=<&8=&184= 4'8*7;*)='>=-.89414,.(&1=8*(9.438=&3)=*=-.'.98=&=897:(9:7*=9>5.(&1=+742=85*(.*8=4+=F&1(.)*38= S&1;.3.8P1&<*3`=+302_=H4<*;*7`=9-.8=85*(.*8=.8=).89.3(9=+742=2489=85*(.*8=4+=9-.8=,*3:8`= &8=.9=-&8=&=(>1.3)7.(&1='4)>=:5=94=-=22=.3=1*3,9-`=<.9-4:9=&=(411&7=3*&7=9-*=47&1=7*,.43`= T/ 47= &= 9&.1= 43= 9-*= 5489*7.47= *3)_= V4:(-*7= 85*(.2*38= 4+= F&1(.)*38= 1.2.+48847.)*8= S&1;.3.8 P1&<*3`=+33,=&3)=F_=-&1&3>(-.=S(-&3)*7`=S(-*19*2&=]=I;&34;`=,**0=<*7*=&3&1>8*)_=T-*>= &7*=9-*=2489=8.2.1&7=94=9-&9=85*(.*8=+742=B7&?.1`=':9=).S=*7=.3=9-*=,*3*7&1=2475-414,>=4+= 9-*='4)>=<-.(-=.8=2:(-=247*=894:9=.3=9-*=1&=*7=&3)=.3=842*=)*9&.18=4+=9-*=8(1*7.9*8_=T-*= -.89414,.(&1=8*(9.438=7*;*&1*)=9-&9=9-*=.39*89.3*=4+=9-*=B7&?.1.&3=85*(.*8=.8=(422:3.(&9*)= 5489*7.471>=94=9-*=).,*89.;*=).;*79.(:1:2`=&3)=349=&39*7.471>=94=9-*=8942&(-_=B*(&:8*=4+= 9-*8*=).89.3(9=&85*(98`=.9=.8=8:,,*89*)=9-&9=9-*=B7&?.1.&3=85*(.*8=.8=3*<`=&3)=&184=574'&'1>=+4728=&= 3*<=,*3:8=<.9-=F_=1.2.+48847.)*8=&3)=F_=-&1&3>(-._= F.3&3(.&1=S:55479a=CENPES2PETROBRAS`=SAE2UNICAMP=+`=FAPESP=P74(_=,*++2*10,38 0,=&3)=,*++2/*,318.-_
T/_P0 DO=CHITONS=HAVE=A=COMPASS L_=H_=S:23*78R443*>+`,`=J_=A_=M:77&>-`=S_=D_=C&.3.`=J_=D_=S.,<&79+`, +Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=M&7.3*=L&'47&947>`=+,8+-=T-*=S97&3)`=P479&+*77>`=C4_=D4<3`=BT,,=+PF= N479-*73=I7*1&3)=L8:23*77443*>*+ 6:'_&(_:0 ,Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=L.8':73=R4&)`=B*1+&89`=BT3=1BE=N479-*73= I7*1&3)=/_8.,<&79 6:'_&(_:0 -C&1.+473.&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=,/2**=C&7148=B**=B4:1*;&7)`=H&><&7)`= CA=3./.,=USA=/&2*8_2:77&> (8:*&89'&>_*): .E&89*73=O7*,43=U3.;*78.9>`=+=U3.;*78.9>=B4:1*;&7)`=L&=G7&3)*`=OR=312/*`=USA=8(&.3, :*4_*): B.42.3*7&1.8*)=2&,3*9.9*=.3=(-.943=7&):1&*=-&8='**3=8:,,*89*)=94=(43+*7=&=549*39.&1= 2&,3*9.(=8*38.9.;.9>`=':9=94=)&9*=9-.8=-&8=349='**3=7.,474:81>=9*89*)_=H*7*`='*-&;.4:7&1= *=5*7.2*398=43=8*;*7&1=85*(.*8=4+=(-.9438=8-4<=9-*>=2&>='*=&'1*=94=)*9*(9=9-*=47.*39&9.43= 4+=&=2&,3*9.(=Q=*1)_=L*594(-.943=7:,&9:8`=K&9-&7.3&=9:3.(&9&`=M45&1.&=0*33*71>.=&3)=M45&1.&= 2:8(48&=3-,.=+47=*&(-=85*(.*8=<*7*=51&(*)=.3=.3).;.):&1=).8-*8=<.9-.3=&=.8(4.1=M*77.== ;*79.(&1=2&,3*9.(=(4.1_=S:'/*(98=<*7*=7&3)421>=*=548*)=94='49-=&2'.*39=2&,3*9.(=Q=*1)`= &3)=&=Q=*1)=&79.Q=(.&11>=749&9*)=(14(0<.8*='>=21J`=*&(-=+47=&=9<4=-4:7=5*7.4)=<.9-=9-*= .3.9.&1= 47.*39&9.43= 8*1*(9*)= &9= 7&3)42_= F742= 9.2*81&58*= .2&,*8`= <*= 2*&8:7*)= *&(-= &3.2&18=.3.9.&1=47.*39&9.43`=.98=47.*39&9.43=<-*3=.9=Q=789=(439&(9*)=9-*=<&11=4+=9-*=).8-`= Q=3&1=47.*39&9.43`=&3)=Q=3&1='*&7.3,=548.9.43=<.9-.3=9-*=).8-_=A3.2&18=<*7*=&114<*)=94= 74&2= +7**1>= 9-74:,-4:9= 9-*= *=5*7.2*39`= &3)= .3= 97&38.9.3,= 9-*= &7*3&= 2489= (439&(9*)= 9-*= ;*79.(&1= <&11= 4+= 9-*.7= 74:3)= ).8-b= &243,= 9-*8*= 85*(.2*38`= .3= &11= +4:7= 85*(.*8= 9-*= ).7*(9.43&1='*&7.3,=4+=Q=789=(439&(9=<.9-=9-*=<&11=<&8=8.,3.Q=(&391>=(1:89*7*)=:3)*7=9-*= &2'.*39= 3&9:7&1= 2&,3*9.(= Q=*1)= R&>1*.,-8= U3.+472.9>`= 52*_*/_= T-&9= .8`= &19-4:,-= 9-*>= '*,&3= 9-*= *=5*7.2*39= +&(.3,= &11= ).7*(9.438= 9-*>= 9:73*)= &3)= 574,7*88*)= 94= 9-*= 8&2*=2*&3=(439&(9=47.*39&9.43`=3479-83479-<*89=-*2 :-., _=H4<*;*7`=&9=9-*=*3)=4+=&11= *=5*7.2*398`=9*72.3&1=47.*39&9.43=<&8=7&3)421>=).897.':9*)=<.9-.3=*&(-=85*(.*8_=U3)*7= ABSTRACTS +0/
&=749&9*)=2&,3*9.(=Q=*1)`=9-*7*=<&8=34=(1*&7=).7*(9.43=4+=97&;*1=7&3)421>=).897.':9*)= (439&(9= 47.*39&9.43`= &3)= 9*72.3&1= 47.*39&9.438= <*7*= &184= 7&3)42= .3= &11= +4:7= 85*(.*8_= T-*7*=.8=34=(1*&7=*S=*(9=4+=2&,3*9.(=Q=*1)=).7*(9.43=43=(-.943=47.*39&9.43`=&19-4:,-=8:'91*= ).S=*7*3(*='*9<**3=85*(.*8=.3=9-*.7='*&7.3,=&3)=47.*39&9.43=:3)*7=&2'.*39=&3)=749&9*)= Q=*1)8=2&>=.3).(&9*=).S=*7*39.&1=&'.1.9>=94=)*9*(9=47=:8*=2&,3*9.(=Q=*1)8=&243,=85*(.*8_= C-.9438=&55&7*391>=47.*39&9*=.3=&=34387&3)42=2&33*7=:3)*7=&=3&9:7&1=2&,3*9.(=Q=*1)= :39.1=9-*>=7*&(-=&=1&3)2&70=9-*=<&11=4+=9-*=).8-`=9-4:,-=9-*=.25479&3(*=4+=9-.8=&'.1.9>= 2&>='*=8:'89&39.&11>=1*88=9-&3=&3*()49&1=*;.)*3(*=8:,,*898_
T/_P1 T/ A=WANDERING=MEATLOAF`=Ia=PACIFIC=GIGANTISM=AND= METABOLIC=SCALING=IN=CRYPTOCHITON=STELLERI N.(-41&8=C&7*>=+`,`=J:1.&=D_=S.,<&79+`, +Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=M&7.3*=L&'47&947>`=+,8+-=T-*=S97&3)`=P479&+*77>`=C4_=D4<3` BT,,=+PF=N479-*73=I7*1&3)=3(&7*>*, 6:'_&(_:0`=/_8.,<&79 6:'_&(_:0 ,Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=L.8':73=R4&)`=B*1+&89`=BT3=1BE=N479-*73= I7*1&3)= T-*=3479-*73=P&(.Q=(=(-.943=C7>594(-.943=89*11*7.=034<3=(41146:.&11>=&8=9-*= <&3)*7.3,= 2*&914&+= .8= 9-*= 1&7,*89= 1.;.3,= (-.943= 85*(.*8`= 7*&(-.3,= ,= 0,= .3= 2&88= &3)= 1.;.3,= +47= :5<&7)8=4+=.*=>*&78_=I9=4((:78=.3=1&7,*=&,,7*,&9.438=&3)=.8=&3*()49&11>=034<3=94='*=&= 5&79.(:1&71>=&(9.;*=,7&?*7=4+=1&7,*=1*&+=&1,&*=8:(-=&8=U1;&_=G.,&39.82=.3=.3;*79*'7&9*8=.8= 9>5.(&11>= &884(.&9*)= <.9-= *=97*2*1>= 14<= 2*9&'41.(= )*2&3)= &3)= 14<= 2*9&'41.(= 7&9*8`= &3)= (1&88.(&1= &1142*97.(= 8(&1.3,= 1&<8= 4+= 2*9&'41.(= 7&9*= 94= '4)>= 2&88= <4:1)= 57*).(9= 9-&9= C_= 89*11*7.= <4:1)= 45*7&9*= &9= &= 8.,3.Q=(&391>= 14<*7= 7*1&9.;*= 2*9&'41.(= 1*;*1= 9-&3= 49-*7= 5->14,*3*9.(&11>= 47= *(414,.(&11>= 8.2.1&7= (-.943= 85*(.*8_= S5*(.2*38= 4+= C_= 89*11*7.= 7*57*8*39.3,=&=2&88=7&3,*=4+=9-7**=47)*78=4+=2&,3.9:)*`=+742=/:;*3.1*=5+,=<*9=2&88`=5+= >7=41)=94=+:11=,74<3=&):198=5+0,`=5-*8.*=>78=41)=<*7*=&((1.2&9*)=94=&=9*25*7&9:7*=4+=
+,JC=&3)=9-*.7=2*9&'41.(=7&9*8=)*9*72.3*)`=.3=9-*=+472=4+=7*85.7&947>=:59&0*=4+=O,`=:8.3,= (148*)=(-&2'*7=7*85.742*97>_=C7>594(-.943=89*11*7.=8-4<8=&=-.,-*7=2*9&'41.(=7&9*=9-&3= <4:1)='*=*=5*(9*)=:3)*7=(1&88.(&1=24)*18=4+=8(&1.3,=&3)=,.,&39.82_=T-.8=&55&7*391>= *1*;&9*)=2*9&'41.82=*=51&.38=-4<=9-.8=85*(.*8=.3=5&79.(:1&7=2&.39&.38=&=-.,-1>=&(9.;*= 1.+*89>1*`=&3)=.8=(438.89*39=<.9-=9-*=574548*)=->549-*8.8=9-&9=-.,-1>=&(9.;*=(438:2*78= &7*=9-*=*;41:9.43&7>=)7.;*7=+47=,.,&39.82=.3=N479-8*&89=P&(.Q=(=2411:8(8_
T/_P2
SHELL=EYESa=GOOD=PHYLOGENETIC=CHARACTERS=IN=ACANTHOPLEURA= MOLLUSCAa=POLYPLACOPHORA L*81*>=R=B7440*7 S(-441=4+=H*&19-=&3)=S5479=S(.*3(*8`=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=H*&19-`=E):(&9.43=&3)=E3,.3**7.3,`= U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=S:38-.3*=C4&89=M&744(->)47*=DC`=Q1)=.//2=A:897&1.&=1'7440*7 :8(_*):_&: H.8947.(&11>`=9-*= ,7488= 2475-414,>= 4+= (-.943= ;&1;*8= -&8= 51&>*)= &= 5&7&24:39= 741*= .3= 9-*= 8>89*2&9.(8= 4+= 9-*= P41>51&(45-47&`= <.9-= 9-*= )*;*1452*39= 4+= 9-*= .38*79.43= 51&9*8= +472.3,=9-*=57.2&7>='&8.8=4+=9&=4342.(=8(-*2*8=&9=9-*=-.,-*7=(1&88.Q=(&9.43=1*;*18_=T-*= 5488*88.43=4+=.38*79.43=9**9-=43=9-*=5489*7.47=;&1;*=.8=&=(-&7&(9*7=:8*)=.3=&=).(-49424:8= 8*5&7&9.43= 4+= 9&=43= &9= 9-*= +&2.1.&1= 1*;*1b= >*9=A(&39-451*:7.3&*= (439&.38= 85*(.*8= '49-= +00 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
<.9-`=&3)=<.9-4:9`=9-.8=+*&9:7*_=F*77*.7&8=+320=7*;.8.43=4+=A(&39-451*:7&=8>343>2.8*)= +4:7=<*118*89&'1.8-*)=,*3*7&`=':9=9-.8=-&8=349='**3=&((*59*)=.3=8:'8*6:*39=5:'1.(&9.438_= T4= &))7*88= 9-*= (43:3)7:2= .3= A(&39-451*:7.3&*`= &= 8(&33.3,= *1*(9743= 2.(748(45*= *=&2.3&9.43=<&8=:3)*79&0*3=4+=01=2.(74897:(9:7&1=&3)=2475-42*97.(=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8=4+= 9-*=.39*72*).&9*=;&1;*`=.3(1:).3,=+*&9:7*8=4+=9-*=9*,2*39&1=2.(74=&7(-.9*(9:7*`=9-*=4(*11.`= 9-*=&*89-*9*8=&3)=9-*=*&;*8_ T-*=7*8:198=)*243897&9*=&,7**2*39=43=2+=4+=(-&7&(9*78='*9<**3=9-*=,*4,7&5-.(&11>= 8*5&7&9*)=8:'=545:1&9.438=4+=A(&39-451*:7&=,*22&9&`=(43Q=72.3,=2.3.2&1=.397&85*(.Q=(= ;&7.&9.43_= A(&39-451*:7&= 144(-44&3&= *=-.'.98= &= (148*= &T==3.9>= <.9-= 9-*= 9-7**= 85*(.*8= T/ 57*;.4:81>=&88.,3*)=94=S6:&2451*:7&=A_=&7&:(&7.&3&`=A_=(:79.8.&3&=&3)=A_=2.1*8`=<-.1*=A_= *(-.3&9:8=&3)=A_=3.,*7`=9-*=9<4=85*(.*8=+742=9-*=<*89=(4&89=4+=S4:9-=A2*7.(&`=(43(:7=43= 00=4+=(-&7&(9*78`=2&3>=4+=<-.(-=&7*=349=+4:3)=.3=9-*=2&/47.9>=4+=A(&39-451*:7&=85*(.*8_= F.3&11>`=A_=7*-)*7.=8-&7*8=247*=.3=(42243=<.9-=4:9,74:5`=O3.9-4(-.943=6:*7(.3:8`=9-&3= <.9-=&3>=85*(.*8=.3=A(&39-451*:7&_= I9= .8= (43(1:)*)= 9-&9= S6:&2451*:7&= &3)= E34514(-.943= 8-4:1)= '*= 7*8:77*(9*)`= <.9-= 9-*= +472*7=,*3:8=(4257.8.3,=S_=2.1*8`=S_=&:&7(&7.&3&`=S_=(:79.8.&3&=&3)=S=_144(-44&3&`=&3)=9-*= 1&=*7=(4257.8.3,=E_=3.,*7=&3)=E_=*(-.3&9:8_=F:79-*7247*`=.9=.8=(1*&7=9-&9=A_=7*-)*7.=-&8='**3= .3(477*(91>=&88.,3*)=94=9-*=,*3:8`=8-4<.3,=(148*7=&T==3.9>=94=O3.9-4(-.943_=H4<*;*7`=&= 247*= )*9&.1*)= (425&7.843= <.9-= 49-*7= ,*3*7&= 4+= 9-*= 8-*118*>*)= (-.9438= .8= 7*6:.7*)= 94= (43 =72=.98=9&=4243.(=89&9:8_
T/_P3 MORPHOLOGY=OF=MEDITERRANEAN=ACANTHOCHITONA= POLYPLACOPHORA`=INCLUDING=THE=DISCOVERY=OF=A=NEW=SPECIES= AND=AN=ILLUSTRATED=FIELD=IDENTIFICATION=KEY J:1.&=SN=2.)98P*9*78*3+`=G*7-&7)=H&8?57:3&7+`,`=E37.(4=SN=<&'*, +U3.;*78.9>=4+=M:3.N= `=F&(:19>=4+=B.414,>`=G74I-&)*73*7897&88*=,`=D82,+/,=P1&3*,,8M&79.387.*)`= G*72&3>=/:1.&_8N=2.)95*9*78*3 ,2&.1_(42 ,SNSB8=Z4414,.8N=*=S9&&988&221:3,=M33N=*3`=M:*3N=-&:8*3*7897&88*=,+`=D82+,.1=M:3.N=`=G*72&3>= *37.(4_8N=<&'* ?82_2<3_)*`=-&8?. ?82_2<3_)* W.9-4:9=)4:'9`=241*(:1&7=9*(-3.6:*8=-&;*=7*;41:9.43.?*)=9&=4342>_=H4<*;*7`=1*88=&3)= 1*88=&=*39.43=.8=5&.)=94=574+4:3)=2475-414,.(&1=)*8(7.59.438`=&19-4:,-=8*;*7&1=&:9-478= -&;*=&7,:*)=+47=&3=.39*,7&9.;*=&5574&(-=4+=5-*349>5.(=&3)=,*349>5.(=(-&7&(9*78_=F47= 2&3>= 5:7548*8`= DNA8'&7(4).3,= &143*= .8= 349= +*&8.'1*= ):*= 94= 7*897.(9.438= .3= +&(.1.9.*8= 7*249*= &7*&8`= 7*8*&7(-= ;*88*18`= 243*>= 47= <-*3= 1.;*= 85*(.2*38= &7*= 3**)*)= *_,_= *=5*7.2*398_= F.3&11>`= :3&2'.,:4:8= .)*39.Q=(&9.43= '&8*)= 43= 2475-414,>= .8= *88*39.&1= &184=94=(477*1&9*=*1)*7=Q=3).3,8=)*548.9*)=.3=(411*(9.438_ T-*= 5:7548*= 4+= 9-*= 57*8*39= 89:)>= .8= 349= 431>= 94= )*8(7.'*= &= 3*<= 85*(.*8= 4+= 9-*= 541>51&(45-47&3=,*3:8=A(&39-4(-.943&`=':9=&184=94=574;.)*=&3=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=0*>=9-&9= (&3='*=:8*)='>=.98*1+=.3=9-*=Q=*1)`=<.9-4:9=&3>=&)).9.43&1=1.9*7&9:7*=&3)=034<1*),*=&'4:9= (-.9438_ O3=&=Q=*1)=97.5=94=B&3>:1888:782*7`= F7&3(*`= .3=,*+*=&3)=*&71.*7=>*&78`= 85*(.2*38=4+=&= +472*71>=:3034<3=85*(.*8=4+=A(&39-4(-.943&=<*7*=(411*(9*)=.38.)*=9-*=84=(&11*)=T74=4.7`= &= *:1.=47&1= *3(7:89&9.43= 4+= 9-*= (47&11.,*34:8= 7*)= &1,&= L.9-45->11:2= 9479:48:2= E85*7= F481.*`= +3**`= 47= 49-*7= 8-&114<8<&9*7= &3)= -.,-1>= 4=>,*3.?*)= (47&11.,*3*= 8:'897&9*8_= S5*(.2*38= <*7*= 2475-414,.(&11>= *=&2.3*)= &3)= )*8(7.'*)= :8.3,= 1.,-9= &3)= 8(&33.3,= ABSTRACTS +01
*1*(9743=2.(748(45>=SEM_=I3=(425&7.843=94=9-*=49-*7=85*(.*8=4+=A(&39-4(-.943&=.3=9-*= M*).9*77&3*&3`=9-*=3*<=85*(.*8=).S=*78=(438.)*7&'1>=.3=9-*=57*+*77*)=-&'.9&9`=.3=(4147= &3)=.3=897:(9:7*8=4+=9-*=9*,2*39:2`=7&):1&=&3)=,.7)1*_ T-*= 8:'8*6:*391>= )*;*145*)= .11:897&9*)= 0*>= .8= '&8*)= 43= 2&(748(45.(`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ÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T0 HOW=DID=THEY=GET=HEREa PALAEOBIOGEOGRAPHY=OF=TERRESTRIAL=AND=MARINE=MOLLUSCS SS7,.4=Á;.1&+`=C&7148=M&76:*8=)&=S.1;&,`=R.(&7)4=C47)*.74+ +CIBIO`=C*3974=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=*2=B.4).;*78.)&)*=*=R*(:7848=G*3S9.(48`=I3BIO=L&'47&97.4=A884(.&)4`= P14=)48=AO47*8`=D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=P479:,&1= &;.1& :&(_59`=7/5(47)*.74 :&(_59 ,D*5&79&2*394=)*=G*414,.&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`=P479:,&1======5&1*4_(&7148 +(_:1_59 O(*&3.(= .81&3)8= &7*= &= 57.;.1*,*)= 51&(*= +47= -41.89.(= *;41:9.43&7>= &3)= 5&1&*4 T0 '.4,*4,7&5-.(&1= 89:).*8= &.2.3,= 94= ,*9= &= ,44)= :3)*789&3).3,= 4+= 9-*= *;41:9.43&7>= 574(*88*8=&3)=2*(-&3.828=.3;41;*)_==T4=&(-.*;*=9-.8=,4&1`=9-*=2*7*=*=.89*3(*=4+=+488.18= .3= ;41(&3.(= 4(*&3.(= .81&3)8= 574;.)*8= .3;&1:&'1*= )&9&= +47= 9-*= 6:*89.438= 4+= <-*3= &3)= <-.(-=47,&3.828=.3;&)*)=9-*=.81&3)8`=85*(.&9*)=47=*;*3=:8*)=9-*2=&8=89*55.3,88943*8= +47=+:79-*7=7&3,*=*=5&38.43_==T-.8=8>2548.:2=&.28=94='7.3,=7*(*39=&3)=+488.1=2411:8(&3= *=5*798= 94,*9-*7`= .3= 47)*7= 94= .2574;*= 9-*= 034<1*),*= &3)= 94= ).88*2.3&9*= 9-*= 1&9*89= 7*8:198=4+=9-*=7*8*&7(-=43=4(*&3.(=.81&3)8=2&7.3*=&3)=9*77*897.&1=5&=*738=&3)=574(*88*8= 4+=).85*78&1`=(4143.?&9.43=&3)=85*(.&9.43_
T0_O+ PALEOECOLOGICAL=AND=PALEOENVIRONMENTAL=STUDIES= USING=FOSSIL=LAND=SNAILS=FROM=OCEANIC=ISLANDS Y:7*3&=Y&3*8 D*5&792*39=4+=G*414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C.3(.33&9.`=C.3(.33&9.=OH=./,,+=>:7*3&_>&3*8 :(_*): L&3)= 83&.18= &7*= 5&79.(:1&71>= ).;*78*= 43= 4(*&3.(= .81&3)8= '*(&:8*= .841&9.43= 574249*8= 85*(.&9.43= &3)= 7&).&9.43= 574(*88*8_= C438*6:*391>`= 83&.18= &7*= :8:&11>= &3= &':3)&39= &3.2&1=,74:5=43=.81&3)8_=M47*4;*7`=83&.1=8-*118=&7*=+7*6:*391>=57*8*7;*)=.3=&=;&7.*9>= 4+=5&1*439414,.(&1=14*88`=*41.&3.9*8`=5&1*48418`=*9(_=&3)=&7(-*414,.(&1=8-*11=2.))*38`= ':7.&18`= )<*11.3,`= *9(_= 8.9*8_= I3= (&7'43&9*87.(-= .81&3)8`= +488.1= 1&3)= 83&.18= (&3= '*= 7*2&70&'1>=&':3)&39=&3)=2&>='*=:8*)=94=7*(43897:(9=)*9&.1*)=5&1*4*3;.7432*39&1=&3)= 5&1*4*(414,.(&1= .3+472&9.43`= .3(1:).3,= 5&89= (1.2&9*`= ;*,*9&9.43`= 85*(.*8= .39*7&(9.438`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`= &3)= &((47).3,1>`= 2&>= '*=:8*)=94=)*):(*=57.89.3*=*(48>89*28='*+47*=-:2&38=&8=<*11=&8=6:&39.+>=9-*=)*,7**= 4+=57*8*39=-:2&3=.25&(9_=I3=9-.8=57*8*39&9.43`=I=.11:897&9*=-4<=+488.1=1&3)=83&.18=+742= 4(*&3.(=.81&3)8=&7*=:8*)=94=:3)*789&3)=5&89=*(48>89*28=9-74:,-=9<4=(&8*=89:).*8=+742= 9-*=C&3&7>=I81&3)8=&3)=9-*=B&-&2&8_= ABSTRACTS +03
T0_O, FAUNAL=COMPOSITION=AND=ISOTOPIC=SIGNALS=OF=MOLLUSC=SHELLS= INDICATE=SEAGRASS=MEADOWS=IN=THE=MIOCENE=OF=INDONESIA S43/&=R*.N= +`=F7&30=P_=W*88*1.3,-+`=V.41&=W&79*7,=]=W.11*2=R*3*2&+ +=N&9:7&1.8=B.4).;*78.9>=C*39*7`=P_O_=B4==3/+1`=,-**=RA=L*.)*3`=9-*=N*9-*71&3)8======843/&_7*.(- 3&9:7&1.8_31`=+7&30_<*88*1.3,- 3&9:7&1.8_31`=<.11*2_7*3*2& 3&9:7&1.8_31 ,R4>&1=H4114<&>=U3.;*78.9>=4+=L43)43`=D*5&792*39=4+=E&79-=S(.*3(*8`=E,-&2`=S:77*>`=TW,*=OEX`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`= .9= .8=.3).85*38&'1*=94=7*1.&'1>=).8(7.2.3&9*='*9<**3=).S=*7*39=-&'.9&98=.3=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)_ A=,44)=*=&251*=+47=9-*=).T==(:19.*8=<-.(-=2&>=4((:7=<-*3=.)*39.+>.3,=2&7.3*=5&1*48 -&'.9&98=.8=9-*=(-&11*3,*=4+=7*(4,3.?.3,=8*&,7&88=;*,*9&9.43_=D:*=94=9-*=14<=57*8*7;&9.43= 549*39.&1=4+=2&7.3*=&3,.485*728`=.3).7*(9=.3).(&9478`=*_,_=&884(.&9*)=47,&3.828=<.9-=&= -.,-*7=549*39.&1=+47=57*8*7;&9.43`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`=&V=*7=&88.,32*39=94=5&1*48 -&'.9&98=7&3,.3,=+742=8*&,7&88=2*&)4<8=94=(47&1=(&75*98`=&7*=&3&1>?*)=+47=9-*.7=89&'1*= .84945.(= 8.,3&18= 4=>,*3= &3)= (&7'43_= R*8:198= 8-4<= (438.89*391>= -*&;.*7= +-= C= 7&9.48= .3= 8-*118= 57*8:2&'1>= +742= 8*&,7&88= 2*&)4<8= 1*&).3,= 94= 9-*= (43(1:8.43= 9-&9= (&7'43= .84945*8= >.*1)= &3= &)).9.43&1= 9441= 94= (43Q=72= &88*2'1&,*8'&8*)= 5&1*4*3;.7432*39&1= .39*757*9&9.438=<.9-.3=7*,.438=&3)=1.2.9*)=897&9.,7&5-.(=9.2*=.39*7;&18_
T0_O- A=REVIEW=OF=THE=HETEROBRANCH=FOSSIL=RECORD= AND=ITS=MEANING=FOR=PHYLOGENY A1*=&3)*7=N39?*1+`=A1*==C440,`=J.$c=F7>)&-`=J4&(-.2=G733)*1.`=A3)7?*/=K&.2/ +SNSB8B&>*7.8N= *=S9&&988&221:3,=+37=P&1C439414,.*=:3)=G*414,.*`=R.N=&7)8W&,3*78S97_=+*`=2*---= M33N=*3`=G*72&3>=&_3:*9?*1 17?_:3.82:*3N=*3_)* ,Q:**381&3)=M:8*:2`=POB=--**`=S4:9-=B7.8'&3*`=Q1)=.+*+`=A:897&1.&=A1*=_(440 62_61)_,4;_&: -C?*N==G*414,.(&1=S:7;*>`=+/,=**=P7&-&=/`=C?*N==R*5:'1.(=/.7._+7>)& ,*414,>_(? .I389.9:9=+37=G*414,.8N= *=W.88*38N=&V=*3`=F&N='*7*.N==P&1C439414,.*`=F7*.*=U3.;*78.9C9=B*71.3`= M&19*8*7897&I*=1.8+**`=H&:8=D`=+,,.3=B*71.3`=G*72&3>=/4&N=.2_,7:*3)*1 1.3,:&85:7&_)* /I389>9:9=P&1*4'.414,..=PAN`=:1_=T<&7)&=/+2//`=**82+2=W&78?&<&`=P41&3)=0&.2 9<&7)&_5&3_51 H*9*74'7&3(-.&=&7*=43*=4+=9-*=2&/47=(1&)*8=4+=G&897454)&_=M*2'*78=4+=9-.8=,74:5=(&3= '*= .)*39.Q=*)= '>= &= (-&3,*= .3= 8-*11= (4.1.3,= ).7*(9.43= ):7.3,= 4394,*3>_=I3= 85*(.*8= <.9-= +1* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
51&30949745-.(=1&7;&1=)*;*1452*39`=9-.8=(-&3,*=3472&11>=4((:78=):7.3,=2*9&2475-48.8= ._*_`=&9=9-*=57494(43(-29*1*4(43(-=97&38.9.43_=M489=85*(.*8=-&;*=&=8.3.897&1=->5*789745-.(= 1&7;&1=8-*11=&=&(-*)=94=&=)*=97&1=9*1*4(43(-_=I3=842*=-*9*74'7&3(-=,74:58`=(-&3,*=.3= (4.1.3,=).7*(9.43=4((:78=<.9-.3=9-*=1&7;&1=8-*11=57.47=2*9&2475-48.8_=C-&3,*8=.3=(4.1.3,= ).7*(9.43=<.9-.3=9-*=9*1*4(43(-=&7*=349=).&,3489.(=+47=H*9*74'7&3(-.&_=H*9*7489745->=.8= (422431>=4'8(:7*)`=*85*(.&11>=.3=9&=&=<.9-=343851&30949745-.(=1&7;&1=)*;*1452*39=47= ).7*(9=)*;*1452*39_= S-*11=-*9*7489745->=-&8='**3=4'8*7;*)=.3=&3(.*39=E&71>=O7)4;.(.&3=2&(1:7.9.)8=':9= 7*;*78&1=4+=(4.1.3,=.8=+742=)*=97&1=94=8.3.897&1=&3)=8**28=94=4((:7=<.9-.3=9-*=9*1*4(43(-_= T-*=41)*89=*;.)*3(*=+47=1&7;&1=-*9*7489745->=-&8='**3=7*5479*)=+472=9-*=E&71>=D*;43.&3_= I3=9-*=L&9*=P&1&*4?4.(`=-.,-885.7*)=-*9*74'7&3(-8=<.9-=R=&91>=8.3.897&1=1&7;&1=8-*118=&7*= ,14'&11>= ).897.':9*)= D43&1).3.)&*`= S97*59&(.).)&*_= S42*= 4+= 9-*2= &7*= ;*7>= 8.2.1&7= T0 94= *=9&39= +4728= 8:(-= &8= E'&1.)&*= &3)= M:7(-.843*11.)&*_= T-*= 9>5.(&1= L&9*= P&1&*4?4.(= +4728='*(&2*=*=9.3(9=&9=9-*=*3)8P*72.&3=2&88=*=9.3(9.43=*;*39_=I3=9-*=*&71.*89=T7.&88.(`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`= M&9-.1)4.)*&= 47= &7(-.9*(9.'7&3(-8= &8= (148*= 7*1&9.;*8= 47= 8.89*7= ,74:5_=
T0_O. INTERTIDAL=SLUGS=ON=THE=MOVEa= EVOLUTIONARY=BIOGEOGRAPHY=AND=DISPERSAL=IN=ONCHIDELLA R*'*((&=C:22.3,+`=R&.8&=N.0:1&,`=J43=W&9*78+`=H&2.8-=S5*3(*7+ +U3.;*78.9>=4+=O9&,4`=Z4414,>=D*5&792*39`=-.*=G7*&9=K.3,=S97**9`=D:3*).3`=N*<=Z*&1&3)=]=A1&3= W.1843=C*397*=+47=M41*(:1&7=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43=7*'*((&+.0 ,2&.1_(42`=/43_<&9*78 49&,4_&(_3?`======-&2.8-_85*3(*7 49&,4_&(_3? ,M*98&-&11.9:8`=T47&3,.39&.;&1=,`=FI83-0**=K::8&24`=F.31&3)=7&.8&_3.0:1& ,2&.1_(42 D.7*(98)*;*145.3,= .39*79.)&1= 81:,8= 4+= 9-*= ,*3:8= O3(-.)*11&= .3-&'.9= 3:2*74:8= .841&9*)= 1&3)2&88*8= )*85.9*= 1&(0.3,= &= 51&30943.(= 1&7;&1= 5-&8*_=A19-4:,-= 57*;.4:81>= &88.,3*)= 94= 8*;*7&1= &1145&97.(= 85*(.*8`= 4:7= ,*3*9.(= )&9&= .3).(&9*= 9-&9= 84:9-*73= A91&3948P&(.Q=(= ).7*(98)*;*145.3,= .3).;.):&18= &11= '*143,= 94= 43*= <.)*857*&)= 9&=43`= O_= 2&7,.3&9&_= T-*= '74&)=).897.':9.43=4+=9-.8=85*(.*8=.251.*8=*T==(.*39=97&384(*&3.(=).85*78&1`=&3)=(&3='*= &((4:39*)=+47='>=9-*=*(414,.(&1=&884(.&9.43=4+=O_=2&7,.3&9&=<.9-=':4>&39=2&(74&1,&*_= B*.3,=84V=8'4).*)`=+488.1=)&9&=.8=:3&;&.1&'1*`=84=-*7*=<*=:8*=,*3*9.(=9*(-3.6:*8=94=9*89=9-*= ->549-*8.8=9-&9=9-*8*=545:1&9.438=&7*=7*(*391>=(433*(9*)=9-74:,-=2&(74&1,&1=7&V=.3,_= W*=&3&1>8*=29DNA=8*6:*3(*=&3)=AFLP=Q=3,*757.39=;&7.&9.43=1**'5=COI`=,+/=14(.=.3=&= 8&251*=8*9=*3(425&88.3,=&='74&)=,*4,7&5-.(=7&3,*_=W*=Q=3)=9-&9=9-.8=<.)*857*&)=).7*(98 )*;*145.3,= 85*(.*8= 8-4<8= 89743,= 8.,3&9:7*8= 4+= 7*(*39= ).85*78&1= '*9<**3= 4(*&3.(&11>= .841&9*)=545:1&9.438`=*;*3=9-48*=8*5&7&9*)='>=9-4:8&3)8=4+=0.142*97*8=4+=45*3=4(*&3_=I3= ABSTRACTS +1+
8:55479=4+=A91&3948P&(.Q=(=(433*(9.;.9>=4+=O_=2&7,.3&9&=2*).&9*)='>=7&V=.3,`=<*=Q=3)=9-&9= 545:1&9.438=&8=+&7=&5&79=&8=N*<=Z*&1&3)=8:'&39&7(9.(=.81&3)8`=T.*77&=)*1=F:*,4=&3)=9-*= F&101&3)=I81&3)8=&7*=)42.3&9*)='>=9<4=(148*1>87*1&9*)=29DNA=-&5149>5*8_=M489=4+=9-*= 89:).*)=N*<=Z*&1&3)=8:'&39&7(9.(=&3)=S4:9-=I81&3)=545:1&9.438=<*7*=:3).S=*7*39.&9*)= .3=AFLP=2&70*78`=.3).(&9.;*=4+=43,4.3,=,*3*=R=4<='*9<**3=9-*2_=L4(&1=29DNA=).;*78.9>= &3)= 8.9*89488.9*= ;&7.&9.43= <*7*= -.,-*7= .3= 9-*= 3479-*73= 9-&3= 9-*= 84:9-*73= 14(&1.9.*8`= 8:,,*89.3,=9-&9=9-*=1&=*7=-&;*=8:S=*7*)=545:1&9.43=7*):(9.438=):7.3,=,1&(.&1=5*7.4)8_
T0_O/ A=GLOBAL=BIOGEOGRAPHICAL=ANALYSIS=OF=THE=SHALLOW8WATER= MARINE=GASTROPOD=FAUNA=OF=THE=NORTH8ATLANTIC=OCEAN= AND=THE=MEDITERRANEAN=SEA T0 R.(&7)4=C47)*.74+`=A393.4=M_=)*=F7.&8=M&79.38+`=SS7,.4=P_=Á;.1&+`, +CIBIO`=C*3974=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=*2=B.4).;*78.)&)*=*=R*(:7848=G*3S9.(48`=I3BIO=L&'47&97.4=A884(.&)4`= P14=)48=AO47*8=&3)=D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=AO47*8`= P479:,&1=7/5(47)*.74 ,2&.1_(42 ,F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)4=P4794`=R:&=)4=C&254=A1*,7*`=823`=.+038**1=P4794`=P479:,&1 A= )&9&'&8*= <&8= &88*2'1*)= <.9-= &11= 8-&114<8<&9*7= 2&7.3*= ,&897454)8= +742= 9-*= N479-8A91&39.(= O(*&3`= *3(425&88.3,= &= 7*;.8*)= (-*(01.89= +742= 9-*= A91&39.(= 8-47*8= 4+= S(&3).3&;.&`=B7.9.8-=I81*8`=2&.31&3)=P479:,&1`=9-*=M&(&743*8.&3=&7(-.5*1&,48=A?47*8`= M&)*.7&`=S*1;&,*38`=C&3&7>=I81&3)8=&3)=C&5*=V*7)*`=W*89*73=N479-8A91&39.(=8-47*8= V.7,.3*&3`=C&741.3.&3=&3)=N4;&=S(49.&=B.4,*4,7&5-.(&1=P74;.3(*8`=9-*=C&7.''*&3=S*&= &3)=9-*=G:1+=4+=M*=.(4`=G7**31&3)`=NW8A91&39.(=A+7.(&3=8-47*8`=&3)=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3= S*&_=T-.8=574;.8.43&1=)&9&'&8*=-&8=4;*7=../*=85*(.*8_ T-*= '.4,*4,7&5-.(&1= 7*1&9.438-.58= <.11= '*= ).8(:88*)`= <.9-= &= )*9&.1*)= &3&1>8.8= 4+= 9-*= *3)*2.(=*1*2*39=43=*&(-=4+=9-*=8*1*(9*)=8.9*8_=I)*&8=7*,&7).3,=9-*=741*=4+=(*39*78=4+= 85*(.&9.43=&3)=2&7.3*=7*).897.':9.43=<.11='*=&184=57*8*39*)_
T0_O0 THE=PALAEO=AND=NEOBIOGEOGRAPHY=OF=THE=MARINE=MOLLUSCS= OF=THE=AZORES=FROM=THE=MIOCENE=TO=THE=PRESENTa= PROCESSES=AND=PATTERNS SS7,.4=P_=Á;.1& F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)4=P4794=&3)=CIBIO`=C*3974=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=*2=B.4).;*78.)&)*= *=R*(:7848=G*3S9.(48`=I3BIO=L&'47&97.4=A884(.&)4`=P14=)48=AO47*8=&3)=D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&`= U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=AO47*8`=P479:,&1=&;.1& :&(_59 T-*=,*4,7&5-.(&1=14(&9.43=4+=9-*=A?47*8`=2.)<&>='*9<**3=E:745*=&3)=A2*7.(&`=548*8= 574'1*28= 7*1&9.;*= 94= 9-*.7= (4143.?&9.43= &3)= 9-*= '.4,*4,7&5-.(= &T==3.9>= 4+= 9-*= '.49&= 57*8*391>=1.;.3,=9-*7*_=I3=9-*=<&>=4+=9-*=G:1+=S97*&2`=47.,.3&9.3,=4S==A2*7.(&3=8-47*8`= 9-*= P7*8*39= A?47*&3= '.49&`= 2&7.3*= &3)= 9*77*897.&1= &1.0*= .8= 57*)42.3&391>= E:745*&3_= T4= *=51&.3= 9-.8= ).897.':9.43&1= 5&7&).,2= 9-*= 57*8*39= 89:)>= .3;*89.,&9*8= 9-*= N*4,*3*= +488.1=7*(47)=4+=S&39&=M&7.&=I81&3)=A?47*8=.3=47)*7=94=*89&'1.8-=9-*='.4,*4,7&5-.(&1= 7*1&9.438-.58=4+=9-*=1&9*=M.4(*3*8=94=R*(*39=1.=47&1=2411:8(&3=+&:3&=4+=9-.8=&7(-.5*1&,4_ D:7.3,= 9-.8= 9&10`= 9-*= .3R=:*3(*= 4+= 9-*= P1*.894(*3*= ,1&(.&18.39*7,1&(.&1= (>(1*8= <.11= '*= ).8(:88*)`=<.9-=&=85*(.&1=+4(:8=43=9-*=741*=4+=,1&(.&1=9*72.3&9.438_=P74'&'1*=74:9*8=4+= +1, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
).85*78&1=94=9-*=N479-*&89*73=A91&39.(=&7(-.5*1&,48=A?47*8`=M&)*.7&=&3)=C&3&7.*8=<.11= '*=&184=).8(:88*)`=&8=<*11=&8=9-*=).7*(9=&3)=.3).7*(9=*S=*(98=9-&9=9-*=P1*.894(*3*=,1&(.&9.438= 574):(*)=43=9-*=8-&114<=<&9*7=2&7.3*=2411:8(8=4+=9-*8*=.81&3)8_
T0_O1 MOLLUSCAN=MIGRATIONS=IN=THE=MACARONESIA= DURING=INTERGLACIAL=STAGES A_=C&'*74+`=C_=Z&?4,`=J_A=G43?@1*?8D*1,&)4-`=J_L_=G4>-`=C_J_=D&'7.4.`=J_=L&7.4+`=T_= B&7)&/c/`=C_=H.11&.7*8M&7(*10`=B_=G-&1*'0 +F&(_=C.*3(.&8=)*=1&=UNED`=,2*.*`=M&)7.)`=S5&.3=&(&'*74 ((.&_:3*)_*8`=/&;.*7_1&7.4 ((.&_:3*)_*8 ,M:8*4=N&(.43&1=C.*3(.&8=N&9:7&1*8=CSIC`=,2**08M&)7.)`=S5&.3=2(3?(0/ 23(3_(8.(_*8 T0 -F&(_=C.*3(.&8`=U3.;_=S&1&2&3(&`=-1**2_=S&1&2&3(&`=S5&.3=/48*1,4> :8&1_*8b=&3,*1 :8&1_*8 .F&(_=C.*3(.&8=G*41,.(&8`=U3.;_=C4251:9*38*`=,2*.*`=M&)7.)`=S5&.3=)&'7.4 ,*4_:(2_*8 /U_D_=G*414,c&`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=A1(&1@`,221+`A1(&1@=)*=H*3&7*8`=M&)7.)`S5&.3=9*7*8&_'&7)&/. :&-_*8 0GEOTOP8UQAM`=H-C=-P2=M4397S&1`=C&3&)@=(-2 :6&2_(&b=7+-0.. *7_:6&2_(& S9:).*8= 43= 9-*= ).897.':9.43= 4+= +488.1= 2&7.3*= 2411:8(8= &7*= :8:&11>= +4(:8*)= 43= (4&89&1= 85*(.*8= 4+= .39*7,1&(.&1= 89&,*8= ):7.3,= -.,-89&3)= (43).9.438`= ):*= 94= 9-*.7= '*=*7= 57*8*7;&9.43`=&3)=*=548:7*=4+=9-*=)*548.98_=T-*=L&89=I39*7,1&(.&1=P*7.4)=MIS=/`=5+-*= 81/= 0&= <&8= (-&7&(9*7.?*)= '>= -.,-*7= 9-&3= 57*8*39= 9*25*7&9:7*8= &3)= 8*&= 1*;*1`= &3)= 2&7.3*= )*548.98= &7*= (422431>= 57*8*7;*)= <471)<.)*= &'4;*= 57*8*39= 8*&= 1*;*1_= T-*8*= )*548.98= &7*= :8:&11>= &3&1>?*)= +742= &= 5&1*4(1.2&9.(= 54.39= 4+= ;.*<_= M411:8(8= (439*39= 574;.)*= .3+472&9.43= &'4:9= 9-*= (4&89&1= 5&1*4*3;.7432*398`= &3)= 5488.'1*= (-&3,*8= .3= 9-*=8:5*7Q=(.&1=4(*&3=(.7(:1&9.43=&74:3)=9-*=<471)_=I3=9-*=W*89*73=M*).9*77&3*&3`=9-*= 57*8*3(*= 4+= 9-*7245-.1.(= 85*(.*8= 9-&9= -&;*= 34<&)&>8= &= 9745.(&188:'9745.(&1= W*89*73= A+7.(&3=).897.':9.43`=&,7**=<.9-=9-*=,14'&1=-.,-*7=9*25*7&9:7*8=)*8(7.'*)=):7.3,=9-.8= 5*7.4)_=I3=47)*7=94=&3&1>?*=).851&(*2*39=4+=9-*8*=85*(.*8=+742=A+7.(&3=(4&898`=&=7*;.*<= &3)=(425&7.843=4+=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3=&3)=M&(&743*8.&3=5&1*439414,.(&1=(439*39=4+=MIS= /=&3)=41)*7=.39*7,1&(.&18=.8=57*8*39*)_ T-*=5&1*439414,.(&1=)&9&=+742=A?47*8`=C&3&7>=&3)=C&5*=V*7)*=&7(-.5*1&,48=(4.3(.)*= <.9-= 9-*= -.,-*7= 9*25*7&9:7*8= 7*(47)*)= .3= 9-*= M*).9*77&3*&3_= A= 949&1= 4+= /,= <&728 <&9*7=85*(.*8=-&;*='**3=.)*39.Q=*)_=T-*=57*8*3(*=43=9-&9=.81&3)8=4+=842*=85*(.*8=9-&9= &7*=&'8*39=.3=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3`=94,*9-*7=<.9-=5&1*439414,.(&1=)&9&=+742=9-*=A+7.(&3= (4&898`= &114<8= .39*757*9.3,= 9-*= *=.89*3(*= 4+= 4(*&34,7&5-.(= 47= &92485-*7.(= 9-7*8-41)8= (4397411.3,= 9-*= 2.,7&9.43= 4+= 9-*8*= <&72= 85*(.*8= 94<&7)8= 9-*= M*).9*77&3*&3= ):7.3,= L&89= I39*7,1&(.&1_= S42*= 4+= 9-*8*= 85*(.*8= &55*&7= .3= 41)*7= .39*7,1&(.&18= )*548.98= MIS= ++`=3=&3)=1=.3=M*).9*77&3*&3=&3)=C&3&7>=I81&3)8=*_,_=S9742':8=1&9:8_=H>549-*8.8=43= *3;.7432*39&1=7*6:.7*2*398=&3)=97&385479=5488.'.1.9.*8=4+=9-*8*=85*(.*8=&7*=).8(:88*)_= A(034<1*),2*398a= P74/*(98= CGL,*+,8--.-*= &3)= CGL,*+8,-12+`= IGCP/22`= INQUA= CMP=C422.88.43`=GEOTOP=L&'_=C4397.'_`=&3)=UCM=3+*+328G74:5_ ABSTRACTS +1-
T0_P+ EXTENSIVE=OCCURRENCE=OF=COLD8WATER=MOLLUSCAN= THANATOCENOSES=ON=THE=SLOPE=OF=THE=GULF=OF=CADIZ= SW=IBERIAN=PENINSULA S*7,*=G4+&8+`=J&;.*7=U77&+`=J48S=L_=R:*)&,`=L:.8=M_=F*73@3)*?8S&1&8-`= Vc(947=Dc&?8)*18R.4, +D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,c&=A3.2&1`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=M@1&,&`=C&25:8=)*=T*&9.348=823`=,3*1+=M@1&,&`= E85&&=8,4+&8 :2&_*8 ,C*3974=O(*&34,7@Q=(4=)*=M@1&,&`=I389.9:94=E85&41=)*=O(*&34,7&+c&`=P:*794=P*86:*74=823`=,30.*= F:*3,.741&=M@1&,&`=E85&& -C*3974=O(*&34,7@Q=(4=)*=C@).?`=I389.9:94=E85&41=)*=O(*&34,7&+c&`=P:*794=P*86:*74`=M:*11*=)*=L*;&39*= 823`=++**0=C@).?`=E85&& T0 R*2&.38=4+=2411:8(8=&3)=(47&18=<*7*=(411*(9*)=43=9-*=8*&8'4=42=.3=9-*=3479-*73=5&79= 4+=9-*=I'*748M474((&3=G:1+`=):7.3,=&3=*=9*38.;*=8&251.3,=574,7&22*=INDEMARES= CHICA= &.2*)= 94= -&'.9&9= (-&7&(9*7.?&9.43= &3)= )*8.,3&9.43= 4+= 9-*= 4S=8-47*= 57485*(98= +47= N&9:7&= ,***= 2&7.3*= 5749*(9*)= &7*&8_= S&251*8= <*7*= 9&0*3= 24891>= .3= 9-*= -**8+***= 2=)*59-=.39*7;&1=9-74:,-=)7*),.3,`=97&<1.3,=&3)='4=8(47.3,_=T-*8*=(439&.3=&=8:.9*=4+= 85*(.*8=<-.(-=34<&)&>8=1.;*=24891>=3479-=4+=9-*=E3,1.8-=C-&33*1`=94,*9-*7=<.9-=49-*7= 247*=<.)*857*&)=85*(.*8_= S5*(.*8=34<=*=9.3(9=.3=9-*=&7*&=&3)=:3*6:.;4(&11>=.3).(&9.3,=&=+&:3&1=8-.V==&7*=9-48*= (:77*391>=1.;.3,=.3=8-*1+=&3)247=:55*7=8145*=&7*&8=4+=3479-*73=E:745*=&3)=.3(1:)*=9-*= ,&897454)8=B:((.3:2=:3)&9:2`=N*59:3*&=&39.6:&`=C41:8=,7&(.1.8`=&3)=9-*='.;&1;*8=C-1&2>8= .81&3).(&`=M4).41:8=24).41:8`=A7(9.(&=.81&3).(&=&3)=M>&=97:3(&9&_=A243,=9-*8*`=N_=&39.6:&= 8**28=94='*=9-*=431>=43*=<-.(-=3*;*7=*39*7*)=.394=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3_=T-*=59*7454)= L.2&(.3&=7*974;*78&`=34<&)&>8=7*897.(9*)=94=<&9*7=2&88*8=3479-=4+=9-*=E3,1.8-=C-&33*1= ':9= <.)*857*&)= .3= M*).9*77&3*&3= 8*).2*398= 4+= 9-*= L&89= G1&(.&1= M&=.2:2`= <&8= &184= 7*(47)*)_= M489= 8-*118= +4:3)= .3= 9-*8*= 9-&3&94(4*348.8= 3*;*79-*1*88= '*143,= 94= 85*(.*8= *_,_=N*59:3*&=(4397&7.&`=P8*:)&2:88.:2=5*81:97&*=&3)=A89&79*=8:1(&9&=<-.(-`=94,*9-*7=<.9-= 9-*=)**58<&9*7=(47&18=L45-*1.&=5*79:8&=&3)=M&)7*547&=4(:1&9&`=&7*=89.11=7*5479*)=43=9-*= (439.3*39&1=8145*=.3=9-*=&7*&=':9=7&7*_= T-*= &':3)&39= 8:'+488.1= +&:3&= (4397&898= <.9-= 9-*= 5&:(.9>= 4+= 9-*= (439*2547&3*4:8= )**588*&=+&:3&=.3=9-*=5&9-<&>=4+=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3=O:9R=4<=W&9*72&88=MOW_=T-*= .254;*7.8-2*39=2&>='*=&=(438*6:*3(*=4+=*=&,,*7&9*)=->)74)>3&2.(8`=4+=9-*=<&9*7= 6:&1.9>=':9=&184=4+=9-*=8-479&,*=4+=7*(7:.92*39=+742=&3=.254;*7.8-*)=M*).9*77&3*&3= 84:7(*=&7*&_=T-*=&':3)&3(*=4+=8:'+488.1=7*2&.38=.3=9-*=57*8*39=MOW=5&9-<&>=(4:1)='*= *=51&.3*)=.+=9-.8=4:9R=4<=<&8=7*):(*)=.3=.39*38.9>`=':9=&184='>=9-*=*=.89*3(*=4+=&=7.(-*7= '&9->&1=+&:3&=.3=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3=84:7(*=&7*&=&9=9-*=9.2*=4+=&=(41)*7=(1.2&9*_ +1. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T1 THERES=SOMETHING=ABOUT=OPISTHOBRANCHIA H*.0*=WC,*1*+`=T*77>=G481.3*7,`=J*8:8=T743(484- +Z4414,.8(-*8=F478(-:3,82:8*:2=A1*=&3)*7=K4*3.,`=M:8*:282*.1*=B433`=A)*3&:*7&11**=+0*`=/-++-= B433`=G*72&3>=-_<&*,*1* ?+20_)* ,C&1.+473.&=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8`=//=M:8.(=C43(4:78*=D7.;*`=S&3=F7&3(.8(4`=CA=3.++2`=USA======9,481.3*7 (&1&(&)*2>_47, -D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=A3.2&1=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=V.,4`=-0-+*=V.,4`=S5&.3=9743(484 :;.,4_*8 O5.89-4'7&3(-= 2411:808= -&;*= 7*(*.;*)= (438.)*7&'1*= &=*39.43= ):7.3,= 9-*= 5&89= >*&78= '>=&=,74<.3,=&3)=*39-:8.&89.(=7*8*&7(-=(422:3.9>_==T-*=&.2=4+=9-.8=8>2548.:2=.8=94= '7.3,=94,*9-*7=&11=9-48*=.39*7*89*)=.3=9-*=;&7.4:8=&85*(98=4+=45.89-4'7&3(-='.414,>=&3)= *;41:9.43`=+742=8>89*2&9.(8=94=5->14,*3*9.(8`=+742=)*;*1452*39=94='*-&;.47`=8>2'.49.(= 7*1&9.438-.5=&3)=01*594'.414,>=94=,*3*7&1=*(414,>_ T1 W*=*=5*(9=9-.8=8>2548.:2=<.11='*=&=).8(:88.43=+47:2=4+=9-*=1&9*89=&);&3(*8=&8=<*11=&8=&= 51&9+472=94=*89&'1.8-=897&9*,.*8=&3)=(411&'47&9.438=94=,*9=574/*(98=94,*9-*7=&3)=*=(-&3,*= .)*&8=94=&))7*88=&3)=841;*=41)=&3)=3*<=6:*89.438_
T1_O+ PARALLEL=CHANGES=IN=GENITAL=MORPHOLOGY=DELINEATE=CRYPTIC= DIVERSIFICATION=OF=PLANKTONIC=NUDIBRANCHS=GLAUCIDAEa= GLAUCUS C*1.&=K_=C_=C-:7(-.11+`=A1;.3=A1*/&3)7.34,`=Á3,*1=V&1)S8-`=D.&72&.)=Ó=F4.,-.1. +M&7.3*=S(.*3(*=I389.9:9*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&`=S&39&=B&7'&7&`=S&39&=B&7'&7&`=C&1.+473.&=3-+*080+/*`= USA=(*1.&_(-:7(-.11 ,2&.1_(42 ,D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>`=E;41:9.43`=&3)=O7,&3.82&1=B.414,>`=I4<&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=A2*8`=I4<&=/**++`= USA=&&1*/&3) .&89&9*_*): -D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=C&1.+473.&=S9&9*=P41>9*(-3.(=U3.;*78.9>`=P4243&`=C&1.+473.&`=3+122`= USA=&&;&1)*8 (8:54243&_*): .M:8*:2=4+=Z4414,>=&3)=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M.(-.,&3`= A33=A7'47`=M.(-.,&3=.2+*38+*13`=USA=).&72&.) :2.(-_*): T-*=7*1&9.;*=741*8=4+=,*4,7&5-.(=&3)=3438,*4,7&5-.(='&77.*78=.3=9-*=,*3*8.8=4+=,*3*9.(= .841&9.43=&7*=-.,-1>=)*'&9*)=.3=*;41:9.43&7>='.414,>`=>*9=034<.3,=-4<=85*(.&9.43=4((:78= .8= *88*39.&1= 94= 4:7= :3)*789&3).3,= 4+= '.4).;*78.9>_= I3= 9-*= 45*3= 4(*&3`= ).S=*7*39.&9.3,= '*9<**3=9-*=9<4=.8=5&79.(:1&71>=).T==(:19='*(&:8*=4+=9-*=-.,-=1*;*18=4+=,*3*=R=4<=+4:3)= .3=5*1&,.(=(422:3.9.*8_=H*7*`=<*=:8*=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(8=94=9*89=9-*=->549-*8.8= 9-&9=,*4,7&5->=.8=9-*=57.2&7>=.841&9.3,=2*(-&3.82=.3=&=(1&)*=4+=5*1&,.(=3:).'7&3(-8`= G1&:(.3&*_= O:7= 7*8:198= (4397&).(9= &1145&97.(= *=5*(9&9.438a= 9-*= (4824541.9&3= G1&:(:8= &91&39.(:8= .8= 5&32.(9.(`= <-*7*&8= 9-*= I3)48P&(.Q=(= G_= 2&7,.3&9:8= (439&.38= 9<4= 5&.78= 4+= (7>59.(= 85*(.*8= <.9-= 4;*71&55.3,= ).897.':9.438_= W.9-.3= 9-*= G_= 2&7,.3&9:8= 85*(.*8= (4251*=`= &= 5&7&11*1= 7*574):(9.;*= (-&3,*= -&8= 4((:77*)= .3= *&(-= (7>59.(= 85*(.*8= 5&.7a= 9-*=1488=4+=&=':78&=(45:1&97.=_==A;&.1&'1*=G_=2&7,.3&9:8=)&9&=&7*=2489=(438.89*39=<.9-= 3438,*4,7&5-.(=85*(.&9.43=*;*398`=':9=<*=(&3349=7:1*=4:9=9-*=5488.'.1.9>=4+=&1145&97.(= 85*(.&9.43`=+4114<*)='>=.9*7&9.;*=7&3,*=*=9*38.43=&3)=8*(43)&7>=4;*71&5_=I77*85*(9.;*= 4+= &3(*897&1= 7&3,*= ).897.':9.438`= 4:7= 7*8:198= .251.(&9*= &= (*397&1= 741*= +47= 7*574):(9.;*= (-&7&(9*7=).S=*7*39.&9.43=.3=,1&:(.3.3=85*(.&9.43=:=&=34;*1=7*8:19=.3=&=51&30943.(=8>89*2_ ABSTRACTS +1/
T1_O, HIDDEN=DIVERSITY=IN=A=REEF8DWELLING=SEA=SLUG`=PTERAEOLIDIA= IANTHINA=NUDIBRANCHIA`=AEOLIDIDA`=IN=THE=NORTHWESTERN=PACIFIC M&0.04=Y47.+:/.+`,`=Y&>4.=M_=H.7&34-`=H.74-.04=T&0*8-.2&,`=K4-/.=M&':(-.,`= M:98:2.=N.8-.)&,`. +S*8404=S9&9.43`=T745.(&1=B.485-*7*=R*8*&7(-=C*39*7`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=R>:0>:8`=-.,,=S*8404`=M494':`= O0.3&<&=3*/8*,,1`=J&5&3=2&0.04>47.+:/. ,2&.1_(42 ,D*5&792*39=4+=M&7.3*=B.48(.*3(*`=A92485-*7*=&3)=O(*&3=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=T-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T40>4`= /8+8/=K&8-.<&34-&`=K&8-.<&`=C-.'&=,1182/0.`=J&5&3 -C4&89&1=B7&3(-=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2=&3)=I389.9:9*`=C-.'&`=+,-=Y48-.4`=K&98::7&`= C-.'&=,338/,.,`=J&5&3 .U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=R>:0>:8`=+=S*3'&7:`=N.8-.-&7&`=O0.3&<&=3*-8*,+-`=J&5&3 P9*7&*41.).&=.&39-.3&=A3,&8`=+20.=.8=&3=&*41.)=3:).'7&3(-=G&897454)&`=M411:8(&=(42243= .3= 8-&114<= 7**+8= .3= <&7289*25*7&9*= 94= 9745.(&1= <&9*78= 4+= 9-*= I3)48P&(.Q=(= O(*&3_= T-.8= T1 &*41.)=.8=:8:&11>=).89.3,:.8-*)='>=&=8.3,1*=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*7`=3&2*1>='7.,-9='1:*= 842*9.2*8=5:751*='&3)8=43=.98=47&1=9*39&(1*8`=&3)=.9=.8=(438.)*7*)=94='*=&=8.3,1*=85*(.*8_= H4<*;*7`=-.,-=(4147=;&7.&'.1.9>=-&8='**3=7*5479*)=.3=2&3>=5&798=4+=.98=).897.':9.43=7&3,*_= T-*7*+47*`=<*=(&77.*)=4:9=545:1&9.43=,*3*9.(=&3&1>8*8=:8.3,=241*(:1&7=,*3*9.(8=9*(-3.6:*8= 94=7*841;*=<-*9-*7=9-.8=&*41.)=.8=&=2:19.85*(.*8=&88*2'1&,*=47=&=8.3,1*=':9=-.,-1>=;&7.&'1*= 85*(.*8_=A19-4:,-=9-.8=85*(.*8=.8=).897.':9*)=<.)*1>=9-74:,-4:9=9-*=I3)48P&(.Q=(=&7*&`=9-.8= 89:)>=+4(:8*)=43=.3).;.):&18=.3=9-*=3479-<*89*73=P&(.Q=(=&7*&`=&8=9-.8=7*,.43=.8=4+=.39*7*89= '*(&:8*= .9= .3(1:)*8= 2:19.51*= (1.2&9*= ?43*8= +742= 9745.(8= 94= 9*25*7&9*= &3)= 9<4= 4(*&3= (:77*398`=9-*=K:748-.4=&3)=N479-=E6:&947.&1=C:77*398_ T-*=545:1&9.43=,*3*9.(=897:(9:7*=4+=P_=.&39-.3&=.3=9-*=3479-<*89*73=P&(.Q=(=<&8=.3;*89.,&9*)= '>=&3&1>?.3,=9-*=3:(1*&7=7.'4842&1=RNA=,*3*=7*,.43`=.3(1:).3,=+2S=&3)=/_2S=7RNA=,*3*8= &3)=9-*=ITS+=7*,.43=//3='5_=A243,=.**=.3).;.):&18=+742=+3=14(&1.9.*8=.3=9-*=3479-<*89*73= P&(.Q=(`=9-7**=,*3*9.(&11>=).89.3(9=,74:58`=<-.(-=<*7*=8*5&7&9*)='>=&=2.3.2:2=8*6:*3(*= ).S=*7*3(*=4+=&'4:9=/=58).89&3(*=*&(-`=<*7*=)*9*(9*)_=T-*=2&70*)=,*3*9.(=).S=*7*39.&9.43= 4+=9-*8*=9-7**=,74:58=*;*3=.3=14(&1.9.*8=<-*7*=9<4=47=9-7**=,74:58=(484((:77*)=.251.*)= 9-&9=9-*>=<*7*=.3)*5*3)*39=85*(.*8`=&19-4:,-=.39*7,74:5=->'7.)=<&8=4'8*7;*)=.3=;*7>=14<= +7*6:*3(>_=W.9-.38545:1&9.43=,*3*9.(=;&7.&'.1.9>=<&8=14<=.3=9<4=85*(.*8=':9=-.,-=.3=43*_ E,,8= 4+= 9-*= 9-7**= 85*(.*8= <*7*= 4'9&.3*)= &3)= 9-*.7= <&>8= 4+= *&71>= )*;*1452*39= (1*&71>= 8-4<*)= 9-*= 85*(.*8= ).S=*7*3(*8_= W.9-= 49-*7= *(414,.(&1= &3)= &3&942.(&1= 97&.98= ).S=*7*3(*8= 4'8*7;*)`=<*=<.11=7*5479=9-*=9-7**=(7>59.(=85*(.*8=<.9-=.3=P_=.&39-.3&_
T1_O- AEOLIDIA=PAPILLOSA=LINNAEUS`=+10+`=SINGLE=SPECIES=OR=A=CRYPTIC= SPECIES=COMPLEX=A=MORPHOLOGICAL=AND=MOLECULAR=STUDY_ K&7*3=K.*3'*7,*7=E3&>&9.+`=L*.1&=C&7243&+`=V.3.(.:8=P&):1&,`=M.(-&*1=S(-7)1,`======J:&3=L:(&8=C*7;*7&+ +D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=)*1=M&7=>=A2'.*39&1*8`=C&25:8=)*=E=(*1*3(.&=I39*73&(.43&1= )*1=M&7=CEIMAR`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=C@).?_=P:*794=R*&1`=C@).?`=S5&.3=0&7*3_0.*3'*7'*7,*7 &1:2_:(&_*8`= 1*.1&_(&7243& :(&_*8`=1:(&8_(*7;*7& :(&_*8 ,Z4414,.8N=*=S9&&988&221:3,=M33N=*3`=M411:8(&=S*09.43`=M33N=-&:8*3897&88*=,+`=2+,.1`=M33N=*3`= G*72&3>=;.3.(.:85&):1& >&-44_(42 B*8.)*8=+742='*.3,=9-*=9>5*=85*(.*8=4+=A*41.)..)&*`=A*41.).&=5&5.1148&=-&8='**3=7*5479*)= +742= (41)= &3)247= 9*25*7&9*= <&9*78= &74:3)= 9-*= <471)`= 85*(.&11>= +742= 9-*= 3479-*73= +10 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
-*2.85-*7*_=T-*=&((*59*)=,*4,7&5-.(&1=).897.':9.43=4+=9-.8=85*(.*8=7&3,*8=+742=N47<&>= .98=9>5*=14(&1.9>`=94=C&1.+473.&`=&3)=.3(1:)*8=I(*1&3)`=G7**31&3)`=9-*=N479-=A91&39.(= (4&89=4+=USA`=A1&80&=&3)=9-*=W-.9*=S*&=R:88.&_=I3=E:745*=9-.8=85*(.*8=.8=57*8*39= .3=9-*=N*9-*71&3)8`=9-*=B7.9.8-=I81&3)8`=9-*=A91&39.(=(4&89=4+=F7&3(*=&3)=9-*=I'*7.&3= P*3.38:1&_= S42*= 7*(47)8= +742= <*89= &3)= *&89*73= (4&898= 4+= S4:9-= A2*7.(&= &3)= 3479-*73= J&5&3= -&;*= &184= '**3= 7*5479*)_= N*;*79-*1*88`= 9-*= 43,4.3,= (43974;*78>= &'4:9= 9-*= ;&1.).9>= 4+= 9-*= A*41.).&= 85*(.*8= A_= 8*749.3&`= A_= 5&5.1148&= ;&7_= 5&(.+.(&`= A_= 5&5.1148&=;&7_=-*7(:1*&=&3)=A_=(411&7.8=&3)=9-*='4:3)&7.*8='*9<**3=9-*2=-&8=57*;*39*)= &3=&((:7&9*=)*8(7.59.43=4+=A_=5&5.1148&=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8_=H*7*=<*=:8*)= 2475-414,.(&1=&3)=241*(:1&7=2*9-4)8=94=9*89=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=A*41.).&=5&5.1148&_= F47=9-.8=&.2`=<*=89:).*)=).++*7*39=85*(.2*38=+742=9-*=*&89*73=A91&39.(=S<*)*3`= 9-*=N*9-*71&3)8`=F7&3(*=&3)=3479-*73=4+=S5&.3`=A79.(=R:88.&`=<*89*73=A91&39.(= M&.3*`=M&88&(-:8*998=&3)=P&(.+.(=(4&898=4+=N479-=A2*7.(&=A1&80&`=9-*=89&9*=4+= W&8-.3,943`=C&1.+473.&=&3)=C-.1*_=M&=.2:281.0*1.-44)=&3)=B&>*8.&3=&3&1>8*8=4+= T1 5&79.&1=DNA=8*6:*3(*8=4+=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1=(>94(-742*=(=4=.)&8*=8:':3.9=I=&3)=+0S= 7RNA=,*3*8=&3)=3:(1*&7=,*3*=H.8943*8-=H-=<*7*=:8*)=94=574):(*=5->14,*3*9.(= 97**8_=T-*=57*8*3(*=4+=+4:7=(7>59.(=85*(.*8=:3)*7=9-*=3&2*=4+=A_=5&5.1148&=.8=7*;*&1*)= '>=4:7=2475-414,.(&1=&3)=241*(:1&7=89:).*8_=
T1_O. TOWARDS=A=NEW=AEOLID=CLASSIFICATIONa= CONSEQUENCES=OF=THE=FIRST=MOLECULAR=PHYLOGENY=OF= AEOLIDIDA=GASTROPODA`=NUDIBRANCHIA L*.1&=C&7243&+`=N.(41&8=W*89,`=K7.89*3=C*11&,`=E1.?&'*9-=J_=M447*,`=M&79&=P41&-`= T*77*3(*=M_=G481.3*7,`=J:&3=L:(&8=C*7;*7&+ +D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=)*1=M&7=>=A2'.*39&1*8`=C&25:8=)*=E=(*1*3(.&= I39*73&(.43&1=)*1=M&7=CEIMAR`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=C@).?_=P:*794=R*&1`=C@).?`=S5&.3======1*.1&_(&7243& :(&_*8`=1:(&8_(*7;*7& :(&_*8 ,D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=C&1.+473.&=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8`=S&3=F7&3(.8(4`= C&1.+473.&`=USA=3.(5<*89 ,2&.1_(42`=0(*11& 89&3+47)_*):`=8*&89&70,/ ,2&.1_(42`======9,481.3*7 (&1&(&)*2>_47, -D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,c&`=E).+.(.4=)*=B.414,c&`=C&25:8=)*=E=(*1*3(.&=I39*73&(.43&1=UAM(CSIC`= U3.;*78.)&)=A:9342&=)*=M&)7.)`=M&)7.)`=S5&.3=2541&5*7*? ,2&.1_(42 A*41.).)&= .8= 9-*= 8*(43)= 1&7,*89= ,74:5= 4+= 3:).'7&3(-8= &+9*7= D47.).3&`= ':9= 5->14,*3*9.(= 89:).*8= 4+= 9-.8= ,74:5= &7*= 8(&7(*_= S*;*7&1= (4397.':9.438= &7*= +4(:8*)= 43=842*=&*41.)=,*3*7&=47=&=8.3,1*=+&2.1>`=2489=4+=9-*2=431>=+742=&=2475-414,.(&1= 54.39=4+=;.*<_=I3=&)).9.43`=5->14,*3*9.(=89:).*8=+4(:8*)=43=-.,-*7=9&=&`=8:(-=&8= H*9*74'7&3(-.&`=&184=.3(1:)*=842*=&*41.)=85*(.*8_=T-*8*=89:).*8=:8:&11>=8:55479= 9-*=24345->1>=4+=9-*=&*41.)8=&3)=89&9*=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=(3.)48&(8=&3)=47&1=9*39&(1*8= &8=9-*.7=8>3&542475-.*8_=D*5*3).3,=43=9-*=&:9-47`=9-*=3:2'*7=4+=+&2.1.*8=9-&9= (4389.9:9*8=A*41.).)&=;&7.*8`=8.3(*=9-*=;&1.).9>=4+=842*=4+=9-*2=-&8='**3=6:*89.43*)_= I3)**)`=8*;*7&1=&:9-478=-&;*=-.,-1.,-9*)=9-*=3*(*88.9>=4+=&=(4257*-*38.;*=89:)>= 4+=&*41.)=5->14,*3>_=I3=9-.8=(4397.':9.43=<*=(43):(9*)=&=57*1.2.3&7>=241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3>=4+=A*41.).)&_=W*=.3(1:)*)=+11=7*57*8*39&9.;*8=4+=9-*=(:77*391>=&((*59*)= +&2.1.*8a=+3=342.3&1=85*(.*8=4+=F1&'*11.3.)&*`=43*=85*(.*8=4+=F.43.)&*`=9<4=85*(.*8= 4+=C&12.)&*`=+4:7=85*(.*8=4+=E:'7&3(-.)&*`=-0=85*(.*8=4+=T*7,.5*).)&*`=..=85*(.*8= 4+=A*41.)..)&*`=0+=85*(.*8=4+=F&(*1.3.)&*`=9<4=85*(.*8=4+=B&'&0.3.)&*`=43*=85*(.*8= ABSTRACTS +11
4+= G1&:(.)&*`= 43*= 85*(.*8= 4+= E2'1*943..)&*= &3)= 9-7**= 85*(.*8= 4+= P.8*.349*(.)&*_= M&=.2:281.0*1.-44)= &3)= B&>*8.&3= &3&1>8*8= 4+= 5&79.&1= DNA= 8*6:*3(*8= 4+= 9-*= 2.94(-43)7.&1= (>94(-742*= (= 4=.)&8*= 8:':3.9= I`= +0S= 7RNA= ,*3*8= &3)= 3:(1*&7= ,*3*=H.8943*8-=H-=<*7*=:8*)=94=9*89=9-*=24345->1>=4+=A*41.).)&=&8=<*11=&8=.98= ).++*7*39=+&2.1.*8_=E=(1:).3,=E2'1*943..)&*`=4:7=7*8:198=8:55479*)=9-*=24345->1>= 4+= A*41.).)&= ':9= 54.39= 94= 3*(*88&7>= (-&3,*8= 94= 9-*= 8>89*2&9.(8= 4+= 9-.8= 9&=43_= O31>=A*41.)..)&*= &3)= B&'&0.3.)&*= <*7*= 24345->1*9.(_= F.43.)&*`= C&12.)&*= &3)= E:'7&3(-.)&*=(1:89*7*)=<.9-.3=T*7,.5*).)&*`=<-.1*=F1&'*11.3.)&*=&3)=F&(*1.3.)&*`= &8=97&).9.43&11>=(4389.9:9*)`=+472*)=541>5->1*9.(=1.3*&,*8_= -.8=+&2.1>_
T1_O/ SECONDARY=METABOLOMICS=VERIFIES=RADIATION=IN=AN=ANTARCTIC= MARINE=INVERTEBRATE=SPECIES=FLOCK= T1 N*7.)&=G_=W.1843+`=J_=A1&3=M&8(-*0,`=B.11=J_=B&0*7,`- +A:897&1.&3=M:8*:2`=0=C411*,*=S9`=S>)3*>`=NSW=,*+*=AUS=3*7.)&_<.1843 &:892:8_,4;_&: ,D*5&792*39=4+=C-*2.897>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-=F147.)&`=T&25&=FL=--0,*=USA`======2&8(-*0 ,2&.1_(42 -C*39*7=+47=D7:,=D.8(4;*7>=&3)=I334;&9.43`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-=F147.)&`=T&25&=FL=--0,*=USA= '/'&0*7 :8+_*): A39&7(9.(&8= (4251*== ,1&(.&1= -.8947>= .8= 5489:1&9*)= 94= -&;*= ,*3*7&9*)= 8.,3.+.(&39= 2&7.3*= '.414,.(&1= ).;*78.9>`= ':9= .8= :3(1*&7= <->= 842*= 9&=&= 7*8543)*)= <.9-= ).;*78.+.(&9.43= <-.1*= 49-*78= ).)= 349_= D:7.3,= ,1&(.&1= (>(1*8`= ,74:3)*)= .(*= 8-**98= *=9*3)*)=+&7=+742=9-*=(439.3*39`=2&88.;*1>=).87:59.3,=9-*=(439.3*39&1=8-*1+=&3)= 8145*=&8=-&'.9&'1*=&7*&8_=H4<*;*7`=842*=.(*8+7**=7*+:,*8=2:89=-&;*=*=.89*)`=&3)= <4:1)= -&;*= 7*):(*)= 57*;.4:81>= <.)*857*&)= 545:1&9.43= 8.?*8`= &3)= 574;.)*)= &1145&97.(= '&77.*78= +&(.1.9&9.3,= 85*(.&9.43_= P7*;.4:8= <470= 7*;*&1*)= &= 2:19.9:)*= 4+= -.,-1>= ).;*7,*39= 2.94(-43)7.&1= 1.3*&,*8= .3= 9-*= 3:).'7&3(-= 8*&= 81:,= D47.8= 0*7,:*1*3*38.8`= ':9= '*(&:8*= 4+= 9-*= :3.5&7*39&1= .3-*7.9&3(*= 4+= 2.94(-43)7.&`= .9= <&8= :3(1*&7= <-*9-*7= 9-*8*= 1.3*&,*8= 8.251>= 7*;*&1*)= 894(-&89.(= 8479.3,= 5&99*738= 4+= 545:1&9.438= 9-&9= 7&7*1>= 7*&(-= *6:.1.'7.:2= '*9<**3= ,1&(.&1= (>(1*8_= H*7*= <*= )*243897&9*=9-&9=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1=,74:58=&184=(477*1&9*=<.9-=3:(1*&7=DNA=&3)= 8*(43)&7>= 2*9&'41.9*= 574+.1*8_= T-*8*= 2*9&'41.9*8= &7*= 349= )*7.;*)= +742= 9-*= ).*9`= ':9=.389*&)=&7*=8>39-*8.?*)=)*=34;4=&3)=&7*=)*7.;*)=+742=*3(4)*)=3:(1*&7=DNA_= B>=*=97&(9.3,=8*(43)&7>=2*9&'41.9*8=+742=9-*=8&2*=.3).;.):&18=<*=8*6:*3(*)`=<*= <*7*=&'1*=94=).7*(91>=1.30=9-*=8*(43)&7>=2*9&'4142*=94=&=2.94(-43)7.&1=1.3*&,*_= T-*= (477*1&9.43= '*9<**3= 9-*= &39.857*)&947>= 2*9&'41.9*8= &3)= 9-*= 2.94(-43)7.&1= 1.3*&,*8= 8:,,*89= 9-&9= 9-*8*= 1.3*&,*8= 7*57*8*39= (7>59.(= 85*(.*8`= &3)= 9-&9= 94,*9-*7= 9-*>=7*57*8*39=9-*=+.789=2&7.3*=.3;*79*'7&9*=85*(.*8=+14(0=9-&9=-&8='**3=(4774'47&9*)= <.9-=2:19.51*=84:7(*8=4+=3:(1*&7=)&9&_=I9=&184=8:,,*898=&=8>3*7,.89.(=741*=+47=8*1*(9.43= &3)=&1145&97>=)7.;.3,=85*(.&9.43=.3=9-.8=8>89*2_= +12 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T1_O0 A=COLORFUL=QUESTIONa=THE=NUDIBRANCH=HFELIMIDA=CLENCHI= SPECIES=COMPLEXH=INVESTIGATED=THROUGH=MOLECULAR=MARKERS V.3.(.:8=P&):1&+`=I8&'*11&=S9,*7+`=Y41&3)&=C&2&(-48G&7(c&,`=J:).9-=B74<3-`= D.2.97.8=P4:78&3.).8.`=M&3:*1=M&1&6:.&8/`=J:&3=L:(&8=C*7;*7&0`=M.(-&*1=S(-7)1+ +SNSB8Z4414,.8(-*=S9&&988&221:3,=M33(-*3`=M33(--&:8*3897&88*=,+`=2+,.1`=M33(-*3`=G*72&3>= &3)=D*5&792*39=B.414,>=II=&3)=G*4B.48C*39*7`=L:)<.,8M&=.2.1.&388U3.;*78.9C9=M33(-*3`= G*72&3>=;.3.(.:85&):1& >&-44_(42`=I8&'*11&_S94*,*7 ?82_2<3_)*`=M.(-&*1_S(-74*)1 ?82_ 2<3_)* ,C*3974=)*=E897:(9:7&8=M.(748(5.(&8=CIEMIC=2=C*3974=)*=I3;*89.,&(.3=*3=C.*3(.&8=)*1=M&7=>= L.23414,c&=CIMAR=2=M:8*4=)*=Z4414,c&`=E8(:*1&=)*=B.414,c&`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=C489&=R.(&`=++/*+8 ,*0*`=S&3=P*)74`=S&3=J48S`=C489&=R.(&=>(&2&(-433 >&-44_(42 -D&7<.3=M&7.3*=B.4).;*78.9>=&3)=M&55.3,=P74/*(9=M&3&,*7`=E3;.7432*39=&3)=N&9:7&1=R*84:7(*8= D.7*(947&9*`=S9=H*1*3&=G4;*732*39`=E88*==H4:8*`=J&2*894<3`= T1 S9=H*1*3&=STHL=+ZZ=/:).9-8'74<3 *37)_,4;_8- .U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=A*,*&3`=D*59_=4+=M&7.3*=S(.*3(*`=U3.;*78.9>=H.11`=L*8;48`=M>9.1.3*=&3)= 9*77&S41:9.438=7*8*&7(-=(425&3>`=H*7&01.43`=C7*9*`=G7**(*=)54:78&3.).8 ,2&.1_(42 /P->14,*3*9.(=S>89*2&9.(8=&3)=E;41:9.43=R*8*&7(-=G74:5`=B*7,*3=M:8*:2`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>= C411*(9.438`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=PB=12**`=/*,*8B*7,*3`=N47<&>=M&3:*1_M&1&6:.&8 :2_:.'_34 0D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=)*1=M&7=>=A2'.*39&1*8`=C&25:8=)*=E=(*1*3(.&= I39*73&(.43&1=)*1=M&7=CEIMAR`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=C@).?`=A;)&_=R*50'1.(&=S&-&7&:.`=823`=A5)4_=.*`= ++/+*=P:*794=R*&1=C@).?`=S5&.3=1:(&8_(*7;*7& :(&_*8 T-*=(4147=5&99*73=.8=&=(422431>=:8*)=(-&7&(9*7=.3=9-*=9&=4342>=4+=3:).'7&3(-8_= A243,=9-*=C-7424)47.).)&*`= 85*(.*8=(4147=,74:58=&7*=:8:&1=&3)=7*8:19=.3=)4:'98= (43(*73.3,= 9-*= 3:2'*7= 4+= 85*(.*8= .3;41;*)`= &184= ):*= 94= 8.2.1&7.9.*8= .3= .39*73&1= 2475-414,>_=I3=9-*=9745.(&1=A91&39.(=&3)=M*).9*77&3*&3=S*&`=9-*= F*1.2.)&=(1*3(-.= 85*(.*8= (4251*== .3(1:)*8= 9-7**=A91&39.(= 85*(.*8= 3&2*8a= F*1.2.)&= (1*3(-.= R:88*11`= +3-/`=F*1.2.)&='.3?&=M&7(:8=]=M&7(:8`=+30-=&3)=F*1.2.)&=3*43&=M&7(:8`=+3//`= &3)= 43*= *&89*73= A91&39.(2M*).9*77&3*&3= 85*(.*8= 3&2*a= F*1.2.)&= '7.94.= O79*&= ]= PS7*?`=+32-_=T-*=;&1.).9>=4+=9-*8*=85*(.*8=&3)=9-*.7=,*4,7&5-.(=).897.':9.43=-&8= '**3=&=2&99*7=4+=43,4.3,=)*'&9*_=U8.3,=2:19.814(:8=2&70*78=+47=97**8'&8*)=&3)= 49-*7=85*(.*8=)*1.2.9&9.43=&5574&(-*8`=.3=(4251*2*39=94=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78= &3)= +.*1)= 4'8*7;&9.438`= <*= &.2= 94= .)*39.+>= 9-*= 2&.3= 1.3*&,*8= 4+= 9-.8= ,74:5= &3)= 9-*.7=7*1&9.438-.58`='&8*)=43=85*(.2*38=(4;*7.3,=9-*=(4251*==,*4,7&5-.(=7&3,*`= .3(1:).3,= 3*<= 14(&1.9.*8= 8:(-= &8= S9_= H*1*3&= .81&3)8_= O:7= 7*8:198= 8:55479= 9-*= 24345->1>= 4+= 9-*= F*1.2.)&= (1*3(-.= (4251*=_= H4<*;*7`= 9-*= 97&).9.43&1= 85*(.*8= (43(*598= .3= 9-.8= (4251*== <*7*= 349= 7*(4;*7*)= .3= 2489= (&8*8`= &8= 2475-49>5*8= &88.,3*)=94=).++*7*39=85*(.*8=(1:89*7*)=94,*9-*7=&3)=(4147=+4728=(438.)*7*)=94='*= :3.6:*=94=(*79&.3=85*(.*8=&7*=57*8*39=.3=8*5&7&9*=(1&)*8_=T-*=.3(1:8.43=4+=&=-.,-*7= 3:2'*7=4+=85*(.2*38=(-&3,*)=9-*=945414,>=4+=4:7=57*1.2.3&7>=97**`=.3).(&9.3,=9-&9= 9-.8=+*&9:7*=.8=7*1*;&39=<-*3=)*&1.3,=<.9-=85*(.*8=)*1.3*&9.43=&3&1>8.8_=T-.8=89:)>= 54.398=+47=9-*=3**)=94=7*.39*757*9=9-*=;&1:*=4+=(4147=&8=&3=.3+472&9.;*=(-&7&(9*7=.3= 9-*=9&=4342>=4+=(-742&9.(=3:).'7&3(-8_ ABSTRACTS +13
T1_O1 THE=SYSTEMATICS=OF=CEPHALASPIDEA=REVISITED T743)=O80&78`=M&3:*1=A_=E_=M&1&6:.&8 P->14,*3*9.(=S>89*2&9.(8=&3)=E;41:9.43=R*8*&7(-=G74:5`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=C411*(9.438`= U3.;*78.9>=M:8*:2=4+=B*7,*3`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=N47<&>T743)_O80&78 89:)*39_:.'_34`======M&3:*1_M&1&6:.&8 :2_:.'_34 T-*= C*5-&1&85.)*&= .8= 9-*= 8*(43)= 2489= ).;*78*= 2&7.3*= (1&)*= 4+= 9-*= E:9->3*:7&= ,&897454)8`=&+9*7=9-*=N:).'7&3(-.&_=T-*>=4((:7=<471)<.)*=&(7488=&11=1&9.9:)*8=&3)= )*59-8_=T-*=)*+.3.9.43=4+=9-*=,74:5=&3)=9-*=7*1&9.438-.58='*9<**3=2*2'*78=-&8= '**3=-&25*7*)='>=9-*=).++.(:19>=4+=*89&'1.8-.3,=84:3)=8>3&542475-.*8`=':9=9-*= &);*39=4+=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(8=.3=7*(*39=9.2*8=-&8=-*15*)=(-&3,*)=8.,3.+.(&391>= 9-.8=8.9:&9.43_=Y*9`='*(&:8*=4+=7*):(*)=9&=43=8&251.3,=&3)=+*<=,*3*9.(=2&70*78= *2514>*)=.3=57*;.4:8=89:).*8=2&3>=6:*89.438=&'4:9=9-*=8.89*7=7*1&9.438-.58=&3)= T1 24345->1*9.(=89&9:8=4+=8*;*7&1=+&2.1.*8=7*2&.3*)=45*3_= I3=9-.8=89:)>=<*=.3(1:)*)=4;*7=+**=9&=&=(4;*7.3,=+**=4+=9-*=97&).9.43&11>=7*(4,3.?*)= ;&1.)=+&2.1.*8=&3)=&'4:9=/*=4+=9-*=,*3*7&_=A=241*(:1&7=B&>*8.&3=5->14,*3*9.(= ->549-*8.8='&8*)=43=9<4=2.94(-43)7.&1=&3)=9<4=3:(1*&7=,*3*=2&70*78=COI`=+0S= 7RNA`=,2S=7RNA=&3)=H.8943*8-=.8=57*8*39*)=&3)=).8(:88*)_
T1_O2 BROAD=SAMPLING=AND=MOLECULAR=PHYLOGENETICS=REVEALS= RAMPANT=PARAPHYLY=IN=HAMINOEIDAE=CEPHALASPIDS M&3:*1=A_=E_=M&1&6:.&8+`=C-.3=C-.3=T44+`=D&;.)=R**8,`=P&:1&=M_=M.00*18*3- +P->14,*3*9.(=S>89*2&9.(8=&3)=E;41:9.43=R*8*&7(-=G74:5`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=C411*(9.438`= U3.;*78.9>=M:8*:2=4+=B*7,*3`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=N47<&>=M&3:*1_M&1&6:.&8 :2_:.'_34`= C-.3_T44 :2_:.'_34 ,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=M&9-*2&9.(8=&3)=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`= N47<&>=)&;.)7**8 2&(_(42 -P&1*439414,.(&1=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9.43`=&3)=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`= C473*11=U3.;*78.9>`=I9-&(&=NY=+.2/*=522-1 (473*11_*): H&2.34*.)&*= .8= 9-*= 2489= ).;*78*= +&2.1>= 4+= 9-*= C*5-&1&85.)*&= <.9-= .,= 342.3&1= 7*(*39=,*3*7&=)*8(7.'*)`=&((4:39.3,=+47=&5574=.2&9*1>=/*=4+=9-*=,*3*7.(=).;*78.9>= 4+=(*5-&1&85.)*&3=,&897454)8_=S*;*7&1=4+=9-*8*=,*3*7&=-&;*='**3=1448*1>=)*+.3*)= &3)=9-*.7=;&1.).9>=.8=6:*89.43&'1*b=&'4:9=43*=9-.7)=.8=034<3=431>=+742=8-*118_ T-.8=<470=.8=9-*=+.789=&99*259=94=9*89`=.3=&='74&)*7=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(=+7&2*<470`= 9-*=24345->1>=4+=9-*=+&2.1>=H&2.34*.)&*=&3)=4+=.98=,*3*7&=&3)=94=.3;*89.,&9*=9-*= *;41:9.43&7>=7*1&9.438-.58=<.9-.3=9-*=+&2.1>_= A=2:19.8,*3*=B&>*8.&3=5->14,*3>=.3(1:).3,=2.94(-43)7.&1=&3)=3:(1*&7=2&70*78= <.9-= &'4:9= +**= 8&251*8= 7*;*&1*)= 8:757.8.3,= -.,-= 1*;*18= 4+= 5&7&5->1>= &3)= 9-*= 3**)=+47=&=7*)*+.3.9.43=4+=2489=,*3*7&_=A=3*<=(1&88.+.(&9.43=4+=9-*=H&2.34*.)&*=.8= 574548*)_ +2* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T1_O3 NEW=INSIGHTS=INTO=CEPHALAPIDEAN=EVOLUTIONa=THE=PHYLOGENY= OF=THE=PHILINACEA=GASTROPODA`=OPISTHOBRANCHIA_ T*77*3(*=G481.3*7+`=C1&.7*=G43?&1*?, +D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=C&1.+473.&=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8`=S&3=F7&3(.8(4`=C&1.+473.&`=USA= 9,481.3*7 (&1&(&)*2>_47,= ,B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,`=+,/=S(.*3(*=D7.;*`=D:0*=U3.;*78.9>`=D:7-&2`=NC=,11*2`=USA======(,43?&1*8 (&1&(&)*2>_47, T-*=431>=57*;.4:8=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3>=4+=P-.1.3.)&*=.3(1:)*)=85*(.*8=+742=&=8.3,1*= (1&)*= <.9-.3= P-.1.3*= &3)= <.9-= 1.2.9*)= 4:9,74:5= 8&251.3,_= R*(*39= 8-&114<= &3)= )**58 <&9*7=8:7;*>8=4+=I3)48P&(.Q=(=<&9*78=.3=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8=574;.)*)=2&9*7.&1=+47=&)).9.43&1= 89:)>= 4+= 9-*= ).;*78.9>= &3)= 5->14,*3>= 4+= 9-*= P-.1.3&(*&_= A3&942.(&1= &3)= 241*(:1&7= 89:).*8=7*;*&1=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=8.==&)).9.43&1=:3)*8(7.'*)=9&=&_=M475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78`= T1 .3(1:).3,=&3&942.(&1=)*9&.18=4+=9-*=8-*11`=7&):1&7=2475-414,>`=,.??&7)=51&9*8=&3)=2&1*= &3)= -*72&5-74).9.(= 7*574):(9.;*= 8>89*28= &7*= *39.7*1>= (43,7:*39= <.9-= 9-*= 241*(:1&7= ).S=*7*3(*8=+4:3)_=F4:7=4+=9-*8*=9&=&=&7*=2*2'*78=4+=9-*=P-.1.3*=&5*79&=(1&)*`=<-.1*=9<4= 9&=&=&7*=2*2'*78=4+=&=247*='&8&1=1.3*&,*_=T-.8=89:)>=7*.3+47(*8=;.*<=9-&9=9-*=).;*78.9>= 4+=9-*=I3)48P&(.Q=(=P-.1.3&(*&=89.11=7*2&.38=.3(4251*9*1>=8&251*)_=B49-=2475-414,.(&1= &3)= 241*(:1&7= )&9&= 8:55479= 9-*= 5->14,*3*9.(= 548.9.43= 4+= 9-*8*= 9&=&_= T-*= 247*= '&8&1= 2*2'*78=-&;*=82&11=,.??&7)=51&9*8=47=*39.7*1>=1&(0=9-*2=&3)=-&;*=&=8.251*=5*3.8`=<-.1*= 85*(.*8=.3=9-*=P-.1.3*=&5*79&=(1&)*=-&;*=51&9*8=<.9-=547*8=47=81.98=&3)=-&;*=&=(4251*== 5*3.8= &3)= 57489&9*_= I3= 8&251.3,= '74&)*7= 4:9,74:5= 7*1&9.438-.58`= 842*= 2*2'*78= 4+= P-.1.3.)&*=(1:89*7=<.9-=85*(.*8=4+=A,1&/.)&*`=8:,,*89.3,=9-&9=P-.1.3.)&*=&8=97&).9.43&11>= (43897:(9*)= )4*8= 349= (4389.9:9*= &= (1&)*`= ':9= 7*57*8*398= &= 5&7&5->1*9.(= &88*2'1*),*_= T-*8*=7*1&9.438-.58=3**)=94='*=+:79-*7=89:).*)=<.9-=247*=*=9*38.;*=9&=43=8&251.3,=4+= 5-.1.3&(*&38`=':9=&7*=8:,,*89.;*=9-&9=+:79-*7=8>89*2&9.(=7*;.8.43=.8=7*6:.7*)=94=)*;*145= &=(1&88.Q=(&9.43=(438.89*39=<.9-=9-*=5->14,*3>=4+=9-*=P-.1.3&(*&_
T1_O+* A=GLIMPSE=INTO=EARLY=HETEROBRANCH=EVOLUTION=8= MICROANATOMY=OF=MURCHISONELLIDAE B&89.&3=B7*3?.3,*7+`=N*7.)&=G_=W.1843,`=M.N=&*1=SN=7)1+`- +SNSB=:=B&;&7.&3=S9&9*=C411*(9.43=4+=Z4414,>`=M33(--&:8*3897&I*=,+`=2+,.1=M33(-*3`=G*72&3>= '&89.&3_'7*3?.3,*7 &7(47_)*`=2.(-&*1_8(-74*)1 ?82_2<3_)*= ,=T-*=A:897&1.&3=M:8*:2`=S>)3*>`=N*<=S4:9-=W&1*8=,*+*`=A:897&1.&=3*7.)&_<.1843 &:892:8_,4;_&: -D*5&792*39=B.414,>=II`=L:)<.,=M&=.2.1.&38=U3.;*78.9>=M:3.(-`=G74I-&)*73*7=S97_=,`= 2,+/,=P1&3*,,8M&79.387.*)`=G*72&3>= T-*=H*9*74'7&3(-.&=:=&=9&=43=(439&.3.3,=74:,-1>=/*=5*7(*39=4+=,&897454)=).;*78.9>= :=-&;*=57*8:2&'1>=)*8(*3)*)=+742=2.3:9*=2&7.3*=83&.18_=L.991*=.8=034<3=&'4:9=9-*= ;&7.4:8=1.3*&,*8=4+=82&118'4).*)='&8&1=-*9*74'7&3(-8=9-&9=8-4<=57484'7&3(-= &++.3.9.*8`=':9=9-*.7=89:)>=.8=7*1*;&39=94=:3)*789&3).3,=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+=9-*=,74:5= 5*7=8*_= T-*=-.,-885.7*)=M:7(-.843*11.)&*=&7*=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=8*&=,7&88=.3=(4&89&1=<&9*78= <471)<.)*`=':9=*=(*59=+47=8-*11=)&9&`=&12489=349-.3,=.8=034<3=&'4:9=9-*.7='.414,>= &3)=&3&942>_=T-*.7=2.3:9*=8.?*=2&0*8=89:)>=<.9-=97&).9.43&1=2*9-4)8=).++.(:19_= ABSTRACTS +2+
M41*(:1&7=)&9&=&'4:9=9-*=+&2.1>=1&9*1>=>.*1)*)=8:757.8.3,=7*8:198a=2:7(-.843*11.)8= &7*=349=(148*1>=7*1&9*)=94=9-*=*=9*73&11>=8.2.1&7=&3)=).;*78*=P>7&2.)*11.)&*`=':9= 8-4:1)= '*= 51&(*)= &243,= '&8&1= H*9*74'7&3(-.&_= M47*4;*7`= 9-*.7= ).7*(9= 8.89*7= ,74:5=.8=574'&'1>=9-*=*3.,2&9.(=R-4)45*2475-&`=&=,74:5=4+=2.3:9*`=&'*77&39=81:,8= +4:3)=.3=9-*=.39*79.)&1=47=.39*789.9.&11>=.3=8&3)=-&'.9&98=&3)=9-&9=<&8=57*;.4:81>= (1&88.+.*)=&243,=45.89-4'7&3(-8_ W*=57*8*39=)*9&.1*)=2.(74&3&942.(&1=)&9&=43=&11=2&/47=47,&3=8>89*28=4+=&=85*(.*8= 4+=K41443*11&=L&8*743`=+3/3=+742=*&89*73=A:897&1.&`='&8*)=43=-D=7*(43897:(9.43=4+= 8*2.9-.3=-.89414,.(&1=8*(9.438_=T-*=+.789=8:(-=89:)>=4+=&=-.,-885.7*)=83&.1`=.9=7*;*&18= 9-&9=9-*=,*3:8=.8=.3)**)=349=5>7&2.)*11.)=&8=57*;.4:81>=&88:2*)_=I9=.8=.389*&)=&= +4:79-= ,*3:8= &243,= M:7(-.843*11.)&*`= &3)= 8-4<8= 9-*= :3.6:*= /&<= &55&7&9:8= )*8(7.'*)=+47=9-*=+&2.1>=&243,=49-*7='&8&1=-*9*74'7&3(-=(-&7&(9*78_=P49*39.&1= (-&7&(9*78=8-&7*)=<.9-=9-*=-.,-1>=).;*7,*39=R-4)45*2475-&=&7*=*;&1:&9*)`=&3)= 8>89*2&9.(=7*1&9.438-.58=&3)=*;41:9.43=&7*=).8(:88*)_= T1 T1_O++ THE=ENIGMA=FROM=THE=DEEP=:=INTEGRATIVE=STUDY=OF=A= REMARKABLE=HETEROBRANCH=SEA=SLUG=FROM=OFF=MOZAMBIQUE T.2*&=P_=N*:88*7+`-`=B&89.&3=B7*3?.3,*7+`-`=E11*3=E_=S9743,,`=M.(-&*1=S(-7)1+`- +B.4(*39*72L:)<.,=M&=.2.1.&3=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M:3.(-`=G74I-&)*73*7897&I*=,`= 2,+/,=P1&3*,,8M&79.387.*)`=G*72&3>=3*:88*7 '.4_12:_)* ,S2.9-843.&3=I389.9:9.43`=PO=B4==-1*+,`=MRC=+0-=W&8-.3,943`=DC=,**+-81*+,`=USA======S9743,E 8._*): -SNSB`=B&;&7.&3=S9&9*=C411*(9.43=4+=Z4414,>`=M33(--&:8*3897&I*=,+`=2,+.1=M:3.(-`=G*72&3>= '&89.&3_'7*3?.3,*7 &7(47_)*`=M.(-&*1_S(-74*)1 ?82_2<3_)* D:7.3,=9-*=MAINBAZA=(7:.8*=.3=A57.1=,**3`=9<4=82&11= 85*(.2*38= 4+= :3034<3= &3)=*3.,2&9.(=8*&=81:,8=<*7*=(411*(9*)=+742=,0*=8=..*=2=)*59-=.3=9-*=M4?&2'.6:*= C-&33*1= 4++= S4:9-= M4?&2'.6:*_= A9= +.789= ,1&3(*`= 9-*= 85*(.2*38= (4:1)= 349= '*= :3&2'.,:4:81>=&88.,3*)=94=&3>=4+=9-*=2&/47=-*9*74'7&3(-=,74:58_= T4= &88*88= 9-*.7= &++.3.9.*8`= <*= *=&2.3*)= 9-*8*= 85*(.2*38= :8.3,= &3= .39*,7&9.;*= &5574&(-_= O3*= 85*(.2*3= <&8= *2'*))*)= .3= E543= &3)= -.89414,.(&1= 8*2.89-.3= 8*7.&1= 8*(9.438= 4+= +_/= 2= <*7*= 57*5&7*)_= A= (425:9*78'&8*)= 9-7**8).2*38.43&1= 7*(43897:(9.43=4+=&11=2&/47=47,&3=8>89*28=<&8=5*7+472*)=:8.3,=AMIRA=84+9<&7*_= E=9*73&11>`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`=2&391*= (&;.9>=47=,.11_=T-*=(*397&1=3*7;4:8=8>89*2=.8=57*5-&7>3,*&1=<.9-=8*5&7&9*=(*7*'7&1= &3)=51*:7&1=,&3,1.&=&3)=+4:7=).89.3(9=,&3,1.&=43=9-*=*:9->3*:74:8=;.8(*7&1=3*7;*= (47)`=51:8=&=5:9&9.;*=485-7&).&1=,&3,1.43_=T-*=*=(7*947>=8>89*2=.8=14(&9*)=)478&11>= &3)=(438.898=4+=&=7&2.+.*)`=9-.38<&11*)=;*88*1=8>89*2_=T-*=-*72&5-74).9.(=,*3.9&1= 8>89*2=&55*&78=94='*=243&:1.(`=<.9-=&=5&79.&11>=*=9*73&1=85*72=,744;*=1*&).3,=94= &=(*5-&1.(=(45:1&947>=47,&3_=F.789=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(=7*8:198=<.11=-*15=94=.3+*7= 9-*=47.,.3=&3)=7*1&9.438-.58=4+=9-.8=-.,-1>=2>89*7.4:8=)**5=8*&=81:,_ +2, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T1_O+, PHYLOGENY=OF=SACOGLOSSAa=HOW=KLEPTOPLASTY=AND=LARVAL=TYPE= INFLUENCE=RATES=OF=MOLECULAR=EVOLUTION=AND=SPECIATION=IN= HERBIVOROUS=SEA=SLUGS P&97.(0=J_=K7:,+`=J&33=E_=V*3)*=.+`=C>39-.&=D_=T74<'7.),*,
+D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=C&1.+473.&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=L48=A3,*1*8`=CA=3**-,82,*+`=USA 507:, (&189&9*1&_*):= ,U3.;*78.9>=4+=O7*,43`=O7*,43=I389.9:9*=4+=M&7.3*=B.414,>`=PO=B4==/-23`=C-&71*8943`=OR=31.,*`=USA T-*47>=-41)8=9-&9=7&9*8=4+=*;41:9.43=&3)=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=(&3='*=9.*)=94=0*>=(-&7&(9*78= 574249.3,= 3.(-*= *=5&38.43`= ':9= <*= -&;*= 1.=1*= :3)*789&3).3,= 4+= -4<= 97&.98= &S=*(9.3,= 7*84:7(*=:8*=)7.;*=85*(.&9.43=.3=2&7.3*=9&=&_=S-.V=8=+742=2.,7&947>=94=3438).85*78.;*= 1&7;&*= -&;*= &184= '**3= 8:,,*89*)= 94= .3R=:*3(*= 2&(74*;41:9.43&7>= 5&=*738= .3= 2&7.3*= T1 &3.2&18`=':9=5->14,*3*9.(=89:).*8=4+=).;*78*=9&=&=-&;*=+&.1*)=94=8:55479=9-.8=->549-*8.8_= S&(4,1488&= .8= &= (1&)*= 4+= 85*(.&1.?*)= -*7'.;47*8`= 842*= *=-.'.9.3,= 01*59451&89>`= 9-*= 7*9*39.43=4+=+:3(9.43&1=&1,&1=(-147451&898_=M&3>=8-.V=8=.3=&1,&1=-489=&3)=1&7;&1=9>5*=-&;*= 4((:77*)=&(7488=9-*=S&(4,1488&`=<-.(-=.8=9-:8=&3=.)*&1=9&=43=+47=(425&7&9.;*=9*898=4+= 97&.98)*5*3)*39= *;41:9.43&7>= 574(*88*8_= I= <.11= 57*8*39= &= +4:78,*3*= 5->14,*3>= 4+= ,**= 8&(4,1488&3=85*(.*8`=&3)=<.9-.3=9-.8=5->14,*3*9.(=+7&2*<470=<.11=*;&1:&9*=9-*=.3R=:*3(*= 4+=01*59451&89>`=-489=8-.V=8`=&3)=97&38.9.438=.3=1&7;&1=)*;*1452*39=43=7&9*8=4+=*;41:9.43_= A3(*897&1= (-&7&(9*7= 89&9*= 7*(43897:(9.438= &3)= (425&7&9.;*= 24)*18Q==.3,= 9*898= 7*;*&1= 9-&9= 01*59451&89>= &((*1*7&9*8= 9-*= 5&(*= 4+= 241*(:1&7= *;41:9.43`= &3)= .8= &884(.&9*)= <.9-= -.,-=7&9*8=4+=-489=8-.V=.3,_=K1*59451&89>=.8=8:55479*)=&8=&=0*>=(-&7&(9*7=9-&9=&114<*)= P1&04'7&3(-4.)*&=94=7&).&9*=4394=&=7&3,*=4+=34;*1=-4898`=5488.'1>='>=7*):(.3,=+**).3,= 7&9*8= 43= 94=.(= &1,&*= ):7.3,= 3.(-*= *=5&38.43_= M:9&9.43= 7&9*8= &184= .3(7*&8*)= .3= 9-*= 01*59451&89.(=(1&)*`=549*39.&11>=&8=&=(438*6:*3(*=4+=2:9&,*3.(=7&).(&18=7*1*&8*)=):7.3,= 5-4948>39-*8.8`= 47= 4+= ,*3*9.(= -.9(--.0.3,= ):7.3,= 8*1*(9.;*= 8<**58= &884(.&9*)= <.9-= 85*(.&9.43_=C4397&7>=94=57*).(9.438='&8*)=43=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)`=47.,.38=4+=3438+**).3,= 1&7;&*=&7*=349=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=.3(7*&8*)=85*(.&9.43`=':9=)4=&((*1*7&9*=7&9*8=4+=8*6:*3(*= *;41:9.43`=1.0*1>=):*=94=14<*7=*S=*(9.;*=545:1&9.43=8.?*8=&3)247=89743,*7=*S=*(98=4+=14(&1= 8*1*(9.43=+47=1*(.9-49745-.(=85*(.*8_=T-*=7*8:198=.3).(&9*=9-&9=97&.98=&S=*(9.3,=7*84:7(*=:8*= &7*=9.,-91>=(4:51*)=94=).;*78.Q=(&9.43`=&8=57*).(9*)='>=24)*18=4+=*(414,.(&1=85*(.&9.43`= ':9=349=97&.98=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=).85*78&1b=-4<*;*7`='49-=9>5*8=4+=97&.98=.3R=:*3(*=2:9&9.43= 7&9*8=4+=&55&7*391>=3*:97&1=DNA=8*6:*3(*8_ ABSTRACTS +2-
T1_O+- PLAKOBRANCHUS=OCELLATUS=SACOGLOSSA=CONTINUOUSLY= ACQUIRES=KLEPTOPLASTS=AND=NUTRITION=FROM=MULTIPLE= ALGAL=SPECIES=IN=NATURE T&74=M&*)&+`=E:.(-.=H.748.,`=Y48-.94=C-.0&7&.8-.-`=M&8&7:=K&<&94-`= K.>49&0&=T&0.8-.9&-`=T&0&4=Y48-.)&-`=H*74*3=V*7'7:,,*3.`=J.74=T&3&0&/`= S-.,*7:=S-.2&2:7&-`=Y48-.-.74=T&0&0.-`=M&8&8-.=T8:(-.>&-`=K*3/.=I<&.0`= S-:/.=S-.,*34':+`=T&)&8-.=M&7:>&2&- +N&9.43&1=I389.9:9*=+47=B&8.(=B.414,>`=...82/2/`=-2=N.8-.,4:3&0&`=M>4)&_=.`=O0&?&0.`=A.(-.`=J&5&3= 2&*)&9 3.''_&(_/5 ,U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=R>:0>:8`=3*-8*,+-`=C-.-&7&`=N.8-.-&7&`=O0.3&<&`=J&5&3=*:.(-. 8(._:87>:0>:_&(_/5 -J&5&3=A,*3(>=+47=M&7.3*8E&79-=S(.*3(*=&3)=T*(-3414,>`=,-18**0+`=,8+/N&98:8-.2&8(-4`=Y4048:0&`=J&5&3= 9&)&8-.2 /&289*(_,4_/5 .T-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M*1'4:73*`=-*+*`=+8+**=G7&=&3=S97**9`=P&70;.11*`=V.(947.&`=A:897&1.&======T1 -*74*3_;*7'7:,,*3 ,2&.1_(42 /T40>4=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M&7.3*=S(.*3(*=&3)=T*(-3414,>`=+*282.11`=.8/81=043&3M.3&9480:`=T40>4`=J&5&3`= 0O0.3&<&=P7*+*(9:7&1=F.8-*7.*8=&3)=O(*&3=R*8*&7(-=C*39*7`=3*+8*-*/`=+8-8+=N.8-.?&0.`=I942&388-.`= O0.3&<&`=J&5&3 T-*=8*&=81:,=P1&04'7&3(-:8=4(*11&9:8=S&(4,1488&`=G&897454)&=7*9&.38=5-4948>39-*9.(&11>= &(9.;*=(-147451&898=+742=.3,*89*)=&1,&*=01*59451&898=.3=.98=).,*89.;*=,1&3)=(*118=+47=:5= 94=+*=2439-8_=A19-4:,-=.98=+**).3,='*-&;.47=-&8=349='**3=4'8*7;*)=.3=3&9:7&1=-&'.9&98`= 9<4=->549-*8*8=-&;*='**3=574548*)a=+=&):19=P_=4(*11&9:8='*-&;*8=&8=&=5-494&:949745-= <.9-4:9=7*51*3.8-.3,=9-*=01*59451&898b=47=,=.9='*-&;*8=&8=&=2.=49745-=5-494&:949745-= &3)=&1,.;47*=&3)=7*51*3.8-*8=01*59451&898=(439.3:&11>=47=5*7.4).(&11>_= T4=&))7*88=9-.8=6:*89.43`=<*=*=&2.3*)=9-*=84:7(*=&1,&*=+47=01*59451&898=&3)=9*2547&1= (-&3,*8=.3=01*59451&89=(42548.9.43=&3)=3:97.9.43&1=(4397.':9.43_=B>=(-&7&(9*7.?.3,=9-*= 9*2547&1= ).;*78.9>= 4+=P_=4(*11&9:8= 01*59451&898= :8.3,=7'(L= 8*6:*3(*8`= <*= +4:3)= 9-&9=P_= 4(*11&9:8=-&7;*898=01*59451&898=+742=&9=1*&89=2=).S=*7*39=8.5-434:8=,7**3=&1,&1=85*(.*8`= 9-&9=01*59451&898=+742=247*=9-&3=43*=85*(.*8=&7*=57*8*39=.3=*&(-=.3).;.):&1=8*&=81:,`=&3)= 9-&9=9-*=01*59451&89=(42548.9.43=).S=*78=9*2547&11>_=T-*8*=7*8:198=8:,,*89=9-&9=<.1)=P_= 4(*11&9:8=4V=*3=+**)=43=2:19.51*=85*(.*8=4+=8.5-434:8=&1,&*=+742=<-.(-=9-*>=(439.3:&11>= 4'9&.3= +7*8-= (-147451&898_= B>= *89.2&9.3,= 9-*= 9745-.(= 548.9.43= 4+= <.1)= &3)= 89&7;*)= P_= 4(*11&9:8= :8.3,= 9-*= 89&'1*= 3.974,*3= .84945.(= (42548.9.43= 4+= &2.34= &(.)8`= <*= 8-4<*)= 9-&9= )*85.9*= 9-*= &':3)&3(*= 4+= 01*59451&898`= 9-*.7= 5-4948>39-&9*8= )4= 349= (4397.':9*= ,7*&91>=94=9-*=3:97.9.43=4+=<.1)=P_=4(*11&9:8`=':9=9-&9=01*59451&89=5-4948>39-&9*8=+472=&= 8.,3.Q=(&39=84:7(*=4+=3:97.9.43=+47=89&7;*)=8*&=81:,8_=T-*=-*7'.;474:8=3&9:7*=4+=<.1)=P_= 4(*11&9:8=.8=(438.89*39=<.9-=.38.,-98=+742=241*(:1&7=&3&1>8*8=.3).(&9.3,=9-&9=01*59451&898= &7*=+7*6:*391>=7*51*3.8-*)=+742=.3,*89*)=&1,&*`=1*&).3,=94=9-*=(43(1:8.43=9-&9=3&9:7&1= 545:1&9.438=4+=P_=4(*11&9:8=)4=349=7*1>=43=5-4948>39-*8.8=':9=2&.31>=43=9-*=).,*89.43=4+= .3,*89*)=&1,&*_ +2. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T1_O+. FUNCTIONAL=CHLOROPLASTS=IN=SACOGLOSSAa=A=NON8PLAKOBRANCHID= LONG8TERM=RETENTION=FORM=:=COSTASIELLA=OCELLIFERA G7*,47=C-7.89&+`=W.11.&2=M&79.3,`=S;*3=B=G4:1),`=H*.0*=WC,*1*+ +Z4414,.8N= *8=F478N=:3,82:8*:2=A1*=&3)*7=K4*3.,`=Z*397:2=+37=241*0:1&7*=B.4).;*78.9C98+478N=:3,`= B433=,N=7.89& :3.8'433_)* ,I389.9:9=+37=B49&3.0=III`=H*.37.N=8H*.3*8U3.;*78.9C9=D388*1)47+`=D388*1)47+ C489&8.*11&= 4(*11.+*7&= .8= 9-*= 431>= 01*59451&89.(= 85*(.*8= 9-&9= .8= 349= &= 2*2'*7= 4+= 9-*= P1&04'7&3(-4.)*&`=&3)=<-48*=5-4948>39-*9.(=(&5&'.1.9>=<&8= =789=349.(*)='>=C1&70=&3)= (411*&,:*8=+32+_=P->14,*3*9.(=7*1&9.438-.5=4+=C489&8.*11&=<.9-.3=L.2&5439.4.)*&`=&8=<*11= &8=1.2&5439.4.)*&3=,74:58=<.9-=&11=49-*7=8&(4,1488&3=9&=&`=.8=349=7*841;*)_=A((47).3,= 94= 7*(*39= 5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8*8`= 8*6:*897&9.43= 4+= (-147451&898= <.9-= 8:'8*6:*39= T1 2&.39*3&3(*=4;*7=&=143,*7=5*7.4)=4+=9.2*=-&8=*;41;*)=&9=1*&89=9<.(*_ P-4948>39-*9.(=&'.1.9>=4+=9-*=8*6:*89*7*)=51&89.)8=<.9-.3=C_=4(*11.+*7&=):7.3,=89&7;&9.43=.8= -&7)1>=89:).*)=&3)`=84=+&7`=3*;*7=(43 =72*)='>=.3=8.9:=PAM=2*&8:7*2*398_=F:79-*7247*`= <-*9-*7=5-4948>39-*8.8=97:1>=(4397.':9*8=94=9-*=8:7;.;&1=):7.3,=89&7;&9.43=.8=349=034<3= +47= 9-.8= 85*(.*8_= T-:8`= <*= .3;*89.,&9*)= C_= 4(*11.+*7&= <.9-= 7*,&7)8= 94= 5-4948>39-*9.(= (&5&'.1.9>= :3)*7= 89&7;&9.43= (43).9.438= .3= .= (4251*9*= )&703*88`= ..= .3= &= )&>23.,-9= (>(1*= &3)= ...= :3)*7= 1.,-9= <.9-= &= 5-4948>39-*8.88'14(0.3,= (-*2.(&1`= M4341.3:743_= O:7=*=5*7.2*398=(1*&71>=8-4<=9-&9=C_=4(*11.+*7&=.8=&=143,89*7287*9*39.43=+472`=':9=9-&9= 5-4948>39-*8.8=2&>=349='*=.25479&39=+47=8:7;.;.3,=5*7.4)8=4+=89&7;&9.43_=W*=+:79-*7= 7&.8*=9-*=6:*89.43`=.+=01*59451&898=2&>=+:3(9.43=247*=&8=&=3:97.9.43=)*549=7&9-*7=9-&3= 574;.).3,=9-*=81:,=<.9-=5-4948>39-&9*8_
T1_O+/ PHOTOPROTECTION=MECHANISMS=IN=SACOGLOSSAN=SEA=SLUGS S3.&=C7:?+`=P&:14=C&79&=&3&,`=G.8*1&=D.43c8.4+`-`=R.(&7)4=C&1&)4+`=J4D4=S*7).4+ +=D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&=]=CESAM`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=A;*.74`=C&25:8=U3.;*[email protected]=)*=S&39.&,4`=-2+*: +3-=A;*.74`=P479:,&1=843.&_(7:? :&_59`=,.8*1&_).43.8.4 :&_59`=7/(&1&)4 :&_59`=/8*74).4 :&_59 ,=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`=+1.3:*+0=L.8'4&`=P479:,&1= 5(&79&=&3& +(_:1_59 -=L&'47&97.4=M&7c9.24=)&=G:.&`=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`= A;_=N488&=S*3-47&=)4=C&'4=3-3`=,1/*:-1.=C&8(&.8`=P479:,&1 S42*=8*&=81:,8=(&3=2&.39&.3=+:3(9.43&1=(-147451&898=+742=9-*.7=2&(74&1,&1=+44)=84:7(*8= .3= 9-*= (*118= 4+= 9-*.7= ).,*89.;*= ).;*79.(:1&_= T-*8*= 8941*3= (-147451&898= 01*59451&898= (439.3:*=94=5-4948>39-*8.?*=.3=9-*=&'8*3(*=4+=&3=&1,&1=3:(1*:8`=.3=842*=(&8*8=+47=&8=143,= &8=43*=>*&7_=W.9-.3=9-*=M*9&?4&`=9-.8=5-*342*343=8**28=94=-&;*=431>=*;41;*)=&243,= 8&(4,1488&3=8*&=81:,8_=K34<3=+47=4;*7=&=(*39:7>`=9-*=2*(-&3.828=4+=.39*7&(9.43='*9<**3= 9-*= +47*.,3= 47,&3*11*= &3)= -489= &3.2&1= (*11= &7*= /:89= 34<= 89&79.3,= 94= '*= :37&;*11*)_= I3= 9-*=89:)>=4+=5-4948>39-*9.(=S&(4,1488&`=.9=.8=.25479&39=94=:3)*789&3)=9-*.7=7*1&9.438-.5= <.9-=1.,-9=&3)=9-*=2*(-&3.828=.3;41;*)=.3=9-*=5749*(9.43=4+=01*59451&898=+742=*=548:7*= 94=*=(*88.;*=1.,-9=5-4945749*(9.43=2*(-&3.828_=W*=.3;*89.,&9*)=9-*=4((:77*3(*=4+=&3= &(9.;*==&39-45->11=(>(1*=XC=&8=&=5-4945749*(9.43=2*(-&3.82=.3=9-*=8*&=81:,=E1>8.&= ;.7.).8=+742=9-*=N479-=(4&89=4+=P479:,&1_=U8.3,=&=(42'.3&9.43=4+=HPLC=9*(-3.6:*8=&3)= PAM=R=:4742*97>`=<*=8-4<*)=9-&9=&):19=85*(.2*38=4+=9-.8=85*(.*8=&(6:.7*=01*59451&898= ABSTRACTS +2/
*=(1:8.;*1>=+742=9-*=2&(74&1,&*=C4).:2=942*3948:2=&3)=1&(0=9-*=&'.1.9>=94=5-4945749*(9= +742=*=(*88.;*=1.,-9=:8.3,=9-*==&39-45->11=(>(1*_=I3=E_=;.7.).8`=<.9-.3=/=2.3=4+=&=1.,-9= 897*88= 3,*= 241= 28,= 88+= 9-*= *S=*(9.;*= 6:&39:2= >.*1)= 4+= 5-4948>39-*8.8= )*(7*&8*)= 94=
1*88=9-&3=1=4+=9-*=2&=.2:2=6:&39:2=>.*1)=F;2F2_=AV=*7=-*=2.3=4+=1.,-9=897*88`=3438 5-494(-*2.(&1= 6:*3(-.3,= 4+= (-14745->11= R=:47*8(*3(*= NPQ= 7*&(-*)= -_,_= A19-4:,-=
0-=4+=F;2F2=<&8=7*8947*)=<.9-.3=0*=2.3=.3=9-*=)&70`=22=4+=NPQ=<&8=89.11=8:89&.3*)=.3= 9-&9=5*7.4)=4+=9.2*_=S.2.1&7=7*8:198=<*7*=4'9&.3*)=+47=C_=942*3948:2_=S.3(*=34=XC=&(9.;.9>= <&8=)*9*(9*)=.3='49-=E_=;.7.).8=&3)=C_=942*3948:2`=9-*=<-41*=NPQ=.8=1.0*1>=94=7*8:19=+742= )&2&,*)=7*&(9.43=(*397*8_=T-*=89&9*=4+=034<1*),*=43=9-*='*-&;.4:7&1=&3)=5->8.414,.(&1= 2*(-&3.828= 8:,,*89*)= 94= '*= .3;41;*)= .3= 9-*= 5-4945749*(9.43= 4+= 01*59451&898= .3= 8&(4,1488&3=8*&=81:,8=&7*=(7.9.(&11>=7*;.*<*)_
T1_O+0 A=NEW=SPECIES=OF=COSTASIELLA=OPISTHOBRANCHIA`=SACOGLOSSA= FROM=FLORIDA`=NOT=ASSOCIATED=WITH=AVRAINVILLEA T1 K&9-*=R_=J*38*3 Z4414,.(&1=M:8*:2=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2=4+=D*32&70`=U3.;*78.9*985&70*3=+/`= DK8,+**=C45*3-&,*3=Ø`=D*32&70=07/*38*3 832_0:_)0 S5*(.*8=4+=9-*=8&(4,1488&3=,*3:8=C489&8.*11&=&7*=:8:&11>=+4:3)=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=9-*=,7**3= &1,&= A;7&.3;.11*&_= H4<*;*7`= &9= 1*&89= 9<4= 85*(.*8= .3= 9-*= I3)48W*89= P&(.Q=(= R*,.43`= C_= 5&11.)&=J*38*3`=+32/=&3)=C_=(4743&9&=S<*33*3`=,**1`=-&;*='**3=+4:3)=.3=-&'.9&98=<-*7*= A;7&.3;.11*&=)4*8=349=4((:7_=I3=,**2=8*;*7&1=85*(.2*38=4+=&=5&1*=,7**3=C489&8.*11&=<*7*= +4:3)='>=M8_=A33*=D:P439=&3)=-*7=).;*=+7.*3)8_=T-.8=85*(.*8=8-4<8=842*=8.2.1&7.9>= <.9-=9-*=9>5*=85*(.*8=4+=C489&8.*11&`=C_=;.7*8(*38=P7:;498F41`=+3/+=+742=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3= &3)= *&89*73= A91&39.(= O(*&3`= &3)= &184= <.9-= C_= +472.(&7.&= B&'&`= +3/3= +742= J&5&3_= I3=9-*=57*8*39=89:)>=9-*=3*<=85*(.*8=+742=F147.)&=<&8=(425&7*)=94=C_=+472.(&7.&`=C_= (4743&9&=&3)=C_=5&11.)&_=A11=9-*8*=85*(.*8=&7*=349=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=A;7&.3;.11*&=&3)=9-*>= 8-&7*=8*;*7&1=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78a=+=F1*8->=7.),*8=&143,=&39*7.47=-*&)=2&7,.38`= 8:774:3).3,=9-*=24:9-`=,=34=5-&7>3,*&1=54:(-*8=&=&(-*)=94=9-*=5-&7>3==&184=8**3= .3=&=+*<=A;7&.3;.11*&=&884(.&9*)=85*(.*8`=-=3&774<`=54.39*)`=82449-=7&):1&7=9**9-=<.9-= 8-479= '&8*8= &3)= 7&5.)1>= .3(7*&8.3,= .3= 1*3,9-`= .= &1':2*3= ,1&3)= .3= (*7&9&= &184= 8**3= .3=8*;*7&1=A;7&.3;.11*&=&884(.&9*)=85*(.*8_=T-*=57*8*39=85*(.*8=&,7**8=9-*=2489=<.9-=C_= ;.7*8(*38_=B49-=-&;*=).89.3(9=5*)&1=9*39&(1*8`=*143,&9*=9&11=5*7.(&7).:2`=&3)=&=3&774<=9&.1`= <-.(-=.8=349=(*7&881.0*_=T-*=F147.)&=85*(.2*38=-&;*=2:(-=)*38*7='74<3=5.,2*39=43= 9-*=)478&1='4)>=8:7+&(*`=':9=34=47=1.=1*=5.,2*39=43=9-*=(*7&9&_=I9=-&8=8.251*=(>1.3)7.(&1= 7-.345-47*8`=9-4:,-=.3=1.;.3,=85*(.2*38=9-*>=&55*&7=R=&=*3*)_=I3=2489=85*(.2*38=9-*7*= .8=&=)&70=143,.9:).3&1=1.3*=43=9-*=5489*7.47=8:7+&(*=4+=9-*=7-.345-47*8=&3)=&184=)&70= 897.5*8=&7*=14(&9*)=43=9-*=&39*7.47=8:7+&(*=4+=9-*=-*&)_=M475-414,.(&11>=9-*=C489&8.*11&= 85*(.*8= 349= &884(.&9*)= <.9-= A;7&.3;.11*&= +472= &= (1&)*= 8*5&7&9*)= +742= 9-*= A;7&.3;.11*&= &884(.&9*)=85*(.*8_ +20 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T1_O+1 CULTURING=SEA=SLUGSa=WHY=THEY=MATTER= G.8*1&=D.43c8.4+`,`=R:.=R48&,`=M.,:*1=L*&1+`-`=S3.&=C7:?+`=C1@:).4=B7&3)D4+`= G43O&14=C&1&)4.`=J4D4=S*7).4+`=R.(&7)4=C&1&)4+ +D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&=]=CESAM`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=A;*.74`=C&25:8=)*=S&39.&,4`=-2+*8+3-`=A;*.74`= P479:,&1=,.8*1&_).43.8.4 :&_59`=2.,:*1(1*&1 :&_59`=843.&_(7:? :&_59`=(1&:).4&9' 283_(42`= /8*74).4 :&_59`=7/(&1&)4 :&_59 ,L&'47&97.4=M&7c9.24=)&=G:.&`=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`= A;_=N488&=S*3-47&=)4=C&'4`=3-3`=,1/*8-1.=C&8(&.8`=P479:,&1=7&748& +(_:1_59 -S0.)&<&>=I389.9:9*=4+=O(*&34,7&5->`=+*=O(*&3=S(.*3(*=C.7(1*`=S&;&33&-`=G*47,.&=-+.++`=USA .E8(41&=)*=P8.(414,.&=*=C.U3(.&8=)&=V.)&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=L:8+43&=)*=H:2&3.)&)*8=*=T*(3414,.&8`= C&254=G7&3)*`=-10`=+1.38*,.=L.8'4&`=P479:,&1=,43(&14_(&1&)4 :1:84+43&_59 T-*= .39*7*89= 43= 8*&= 81:,8= 574):(9.43= -&8= 89*&).1>= .3(7*&8*)= .3= 9-*= 1&89= )*(&)*8= T1 2&.31>= )7.;*3= '>= 9-*.7= 549*39.&1= :8*= &8= 24)*1= 47,&3.828_= I3= 5&79.(:1&7`= 9-*.7= :8*= .3= 3*:74'.414,.(&1=&3)=5-&72&(414,.(&1=7*8*&7(-=574259*)=9-*=)*;*1452*39=4+=8:.9&'1*= (:19:7*=57494(418=94=&114<=9-*.7=2&88=574):(9.43=:3)*7=(4397411*)=(43).9.438_ S*&=-&7*8=&7*=43*=4+=9-*=2489=<*11=89:).*)=,74:58=4+=8*&=81:,8=24891>=):*=94=9-*.7=8.251*= 3*:743&1=&7(-.9*(9:7*`=&114<.3,=7*8*&7(-=43='*-&;.47=&3)=5->8.414,.(&1=574(*88*8_ N:).'7&3(-8=&7*=(422431>=9&7,*9*)='>='.457485*(9.3,=*S=4798=94<&7)8=9-*=).8(4;*7>=4+= 3*<=2&7.3*=)7:,8_=T-*8*=47,&3.828=574):(*=8*(43)&7>=2*9&'41.9*8=8941*3=+742=9-*.7= .3;*79*'7&9*=57*>8`=<-.1*=842*=&7*=&184=&'1*=94=8>39-*8.?*=:3.6:*=94=.(=(4254:3)8_ A=,74<.3,=.39*7*89=.3=841&7854<*7*)=8&(4,1488&3=81:,8=5-494'.414,>=-&8=&184=*2*7,*)= .3=9-*=1&89=)*(&)*`=&8=9-*8*=5:??1.3,=47,&3.828=&7*=&'1*=94=89*&1=(-147451&898=+742=9-*.7= &1,&1=57*>=&3)=7*9&.3=9-*2=+:3(9.43&1=.3=9-*.7=&3.2&1=9.88:*8=*_,_=E1>8.&=855__=T-*=1&(0= 4+=&=7*1.&'1*=8:551>=4+=(:19:7*)=47,&3.828=89.11=.25&.78=842*=*=5*7.2*39&1=<4708=9-&9= <4:1)=(*79&.31>=-*15=94=(1&7.+>=9-*=2*(-&3.828=(4397411.3,=9-.8=7*2&70&'1*=8>2'.48.8_ T-*=(:19:7*=4+=8*&=81:,8=-&8=&184=89&79*)=94='*=&))7*88*)=94=8:551>=9&7,*9=85*(.*8=+47=9-*= 2&7.3*= &6:&7.:2= 97&)*_= B*8.)*8= &3= 4';.4:8= &*89-*9.(&1= .39*7*89`= 9-*8*= 47,&3.828= (&3= &184=-&;*=&=+:3(9.43&1=741*=.3=(4397411.3,=&6:&7.:2=5*898=*_,_`=B*7,-.&=;*77:(.(473.8=.8= :8*)=94=(439741=9-*=,1&88=&3*243*=A.59&8.&=855_=47=3:.8&3(*=&1,&*=*_,_`=E1>8.&=(7.85&9&_ S9&3)&7).?*)=2*9-4)8=+47=(:19:7.3,=2489=8*&=81:,8=&7*=89.11=2.88.3,`=<.9-=9-*=1&(0=4+= 034<1*),*= 43= 8:.9&'1*= 1&7;&1= ).*98= &3)= 8*=1*2*39= (:*8= 97.,,*7.3,= 2*9&2475-48.8= 4+= (425*9*39= 1&7;&*= '*.3,= 9<4= 4+= 9-*= 2&.3= '4=1*3*(08_=A)).9.43&11>`=9-*= 89*345-&,4:8= +**).3,= 7*,.2*= ).851&>*)= '>= '744)894(0= &3)= )*;*145.3,= /:;*3.1*8= 4+= 8*;*7&1= 85*(.*8= (422431>= 7*6:.7*8= 9-*= (411*(9.43= &3)247= (:19:7*= 4+= 9-*.7= 57*>= *_,_= 8543,*8`= 8*&= &3*243*8`= (47&18___b= 9-.8= 3**)= (422431>= .25&.78= 9-*.7= 143,89*72= -:8'&3)7>= &3)247= 1&7,*88(&1*=,74<84:9_ ABSTRACTS +21
T1_O+2 REDESCRIPTION=OF=PLEUROBRANCHAEA=INCONSPICUA= PLEUROBRANCHOIDEAa=NUDIPLEURA=FROM=BRAZIL`=WITH=A= PRELIMINARY=EVALUATION=OF=THE=MORPHOLOGICAL=CHARACTERS= USED=IN=THE=TAXONOMY=OF=PLEUROBRANCHAEA J:1.&3&=A1;.2I`=L:.?=R.(&7)4=L_=S.243*J`=A1*=&3)7*=P.2*39&K ID*5&79&2*394=)*=I3;*79*'7&)48_=M:8*:=N&(.43&1`=U3.;*78.)&)*=F*)*7&1=)4=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=Q:.39&=)&=B4&= V.89&`=SD4=C7.89;D4`=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=RJ`=B7&?.1`=CEP_=,*3.*:*.*=/:/:&1;.2 >&-44_(42_'7 JM:8*:=)*=Z4414,.&=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=SD4=P&:14`=SD4=P&:14`=B7&?.1`=C&.=&=P489&1=.,.3.`= CEP_=*.,33831*=178.243* :85_'7 KD*5&79&2*394=)*=I3;*79*'7&)48_=M:8*:=N&(.43&1`=U3.;*78.)&)*=F*)*7&1=)4=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=Q:.39&=)&=B4&= V.89&`=SD4=C7.89;D4`=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=RJ`=B7&?.1`=CEP_=,*3.*:*.*=&)5.2*39& >&-44_(42_'7 T-*= (1&88.Q=(&9.43=4+=9-*=+&2.1>=P1*:74'7&3(-&*.)&*=-&8=.3=2&3>=(&8*8='**3='&8*)=:543= .38:T==(.*391>=)*8(7.'*)=85*(.2*38`=&3)=9-*=).89.3(9.438=&243,=85*(.*8=&7*=(438.)*7*)= T1 ).T==(:19='*(&:8*=9-*=2475-414,>=4+=9-*=(1&88.(&1=-&7)=897:(9:7*8`=&8=7&):1&*=&3)=/&<8`= (&3='*=:8*)=.3=2489=(&8*8=431>=+47=,*3*7.(=8*5&7&9.43_=M&3>=&:9-478=(438.)*7*)=9-*= &3&942>=4+=9-*=2&1*=&55&7&9:8=&8=9-*=2489=:8*+:1=(-&7&(9*7_=I3=9-*=,*3:8=P1*:74'7&3(-&*&`= &:9-478=).89.3,:.8-=85*(.*8='>=9-*=8-&5*=4+=9-*=(7488=8*(9.43=4+=9-*=5*3.&1=(:9.(1*_=I3=9-*= 57*8*39=<470`=).S=*7*39=5479.438=4+=9-*=5*3.&1=(:9.(1*=4+=P1*:74'7&3(-&*&=.3(4385.(:&=<*7*= &3&1>?*)=&3)=.9=<&8=4'8*7;*)=9-&9=.98=8-&5*=&3)=8.?*=;&7>=9-74:,-=9-*=1*3,9-=4+=9-*= 5*3.8_=T-*8*=(-&7&(9*78=8**2=349=94='*=85*(.*8885*(.Q=(`=8.3(*=9-*=5*3.&1=(:9.(1*=4+=49-*7= 85*(.*8`=&8=P1*:74'7&3(-&*&=2*(0*1.`=2&9(-*8=<.9-=P_=.3(4385.(:&=.3=842*=5&798=9-74:,-= 9-*=5*3.&1=(:9.(1*_=A=)*9&.1*)=&3&942.(&1=89:)>=5*7+472*)=.3=P_=.3(4385.(:&=+742=B7&?.1= &114<*)=:8=94=7*(4,3.?*=9-&9=49-*7=(-&7&(9*78`=1.0*=9-*=548.9.43=4+=9-*=&5*79:7*=4+=9-*= 8&1.;&7>=):(9`=9-*=548.9.43=&3)=57*8*3(*2&'8*39=4+=*=97.38.(=&3)=.397.38.(=4)43945-47.(= 2:8(1*8`=3*7;*8=4+=9-*=(*7*'74851*:7&1=&3)=5*)&1=,&3,1.&`=8-&5*=4+=8*2.3&1=7*(*59&(1*`= (&3='*=:8*)=94=).89.3,:.8-=85*(.*8_=O3*=4+=9-*=57*1.2.3&7>=7*8:198=4+=9-.8=)*9&.1*)=89:)>= .8=9-*=7*(4,3.9.43=4+=&=85*(.*8`=5488.'1>=3*<=94=8(.*3(*`=<-.(-=<&8=57*;.4:81>=(438.)*7*)= P1*:74'7&3(-&*&=.3(4385.(:&_
T1_O+3 ADDRESSING=THECOSOME=PTEROPODS=GASTROPODAa= EUOPISTHOBRANCHIA=SOFT=BODIES=IN=-D=MICROANTOMICAL=DETAIL P*9*7=K4-3*79+`,`=P&:1.3*=H*.3+`,`=R.2&8=K:'.1.:8+`,`=B&89.&3=B7*3?.3,*7+`,`= M.(-&*1=S(-7)1+`, +SNSB=8=Z4414,.8N= *=S9&&988&221:3,=M33N=*3`=M33N=-&:8*3897&I*=,+`=2+,.1=M33N=*3`= G*72&3>=P*9*K4-3*79 ,2&.1_(42`=-*.3_5&:1.3* ,2=_)*`=7.2&80:'.1.:8 -492&.1_(42`======'&89.&3_'7*3?.3,*7 &7(47_)*`=2.N=&*1_8N=74*)1 ?82_2<3_)* ,D*5&792*39=B.414,.*=II=:3)=G*4B.48C*39*7=)*7=L:)<.,8M&=.2.1.&388U3.;*78.9C9=M33N=*3`=B.4Z*397:2= M&79.387.*)`=G74I-&)*73*7=S97_=,`=2,+/,=P1&3*,,8M&79.387.*)= R*(*391>`= 9-*(4842*= 59*7454)8= -&;*= &997&(9*)= 85*(.&1= .39*7*89`= &8= 9-*>= 2&>= '*= &243,=9-*=2&7.3*=47,&3.828=8:++*7.3,=2489=+742=574(**).3,=&(.).+.(&9.43=4+=9-*= <471)=4(*&3_=D*85.9*=9-*=,*3*7&1=.39*7*89=(43(*73.3,=*3;.7432*39&1=+&(9478=&3)= 9-*.7=.251.(&9.438=43=9-*8*=&3.2&18`=9-*=&3&942>=4+=9-*.7=84+9='4).*8=-&8=54471>= '**3=89:).*)_=H*7*.3`=<*=&))7*88=9-*=84+9=5&79=2475-414,>=4+=C7*8*.8=&3)=L.2&(.3&= .3= -.89414,.(&1= &3)= 2.(74&3&942.(&1= )*9&.1_= W*= 57*8*39= -D= 24)*18= 4+= &11= 2&/47= +22 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
47,&3= 8>89*28= +742= 7*(43897:(9.3,= 8*7.&1= 8*2.89-.3= 8*(9.438= :8.3,= 9-*= 84+9<&7*= A2.7&`=&3)=8:551*2*39=&3)=5&791>=(477*(9=*&71.*7=)*8(7.59.438_=F47=9-*=+.789=9.2*= <*=*=5147*=)*9&.18=4+=9-*=9-*(4842*=(*397&1=3*7;4:8=8>89*28=(425&7&9.;*1>`=&3)= ).8(:88=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+=9-*(4842*='4)>=51&38=.3=9-*=1.,-9=4+=7*(*39=7*47,&3.?&9.438= 4+=*:45.89-4'7&3(-=8>89*2&9.(8_=
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T1_O,+ ADDING=A=MISSING=PIECE=TO=THE=PUZZLEa= OPISTHOBRANCHS=FROM=PERU M.(-&*1=S(-7)1+`=R4'*794=A_=U7.'*,`=K&9.&=N&0&2:7&-`=A1)4=I3)&(4(-*&.`= A1)4=S_=P&(-*(4/`=Y:7.=H440*70 +SNSB=8=Z4414,.8(-*=S9&&988&221:3,=M33(-*3`=M33(--&:8*3897&88*=,+`=2+,.1=M33(-*3`=&3)=L:)<.,= M&=.2.1.&38=U3.;*78.9C9=M33(-*3`=G*72&3>=M.(-&*1_S(-74*)1 ?82_2<3_)*= ,P74,7&2&=)*=D4(947&)4=*3=C.*3(.&8=A51.(&)&8=M*3(.3=S.89*2&8=M&7.348=C489*748`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*= A394+&,&89&`=A;*3.)&=A3,&248=0*+`=PO=B4==+1*`=A394+&,&89&`=C-.1* -C*3974=5&7&=1&=S489*3.'.1.)&)=A2'.*39&1`=U3.;*78.)&)=P*7:&3&=C&>*9&34=H*7*).&`=L.2&`=P*7: .F&(:19&)=)*=B.414,c&=M&7.3&=>=E(43*,4(.48`=U3.;*78.)&)=C.*39.Q=(&=)*1=S:7`=L.2&`=P*7: /I389.9:94=)*=I3;*89.,&(.43*8=O(*&341,.(&8`=CENSOR=1&'47&947>`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=A394+&,&89&`= A394+&,&89&`=C-.1*='&':(-&5; >&-44_(42 0L&'47&947.4=)*=B.414,c&=M&7.3&`=U3.;*78.)&)=P*7:&3&=C&>*9&34=H*7*).&`=L.2&`=P*7: T-*=P*7:;.&3=8*&=81:,=+&:3&=<&8=;*7>=54471>=.3;*89.,&9*)_=I3=&=7*(*39=7*;.*<=<*= -&;*=57*8*39*)=&=7*;.8*)=(-*(01.89=4+=P*7:;.&3=45.89-4'7&3(-8=._*_=A(9*434.)*&`= N:).51*:7&`=E:45.89-4'7&3(-.&=&3)=9-*=5&35:1243&9*=A(4(-1.).&=&3)=S&(4,1488&_= ABSTRACTS +23
O1)*7= 7*(47)8= -&;*= '**3= (425.1*)`= (7.9.(&11>= &88*88*)= &3)= (425&7*)= <.9-= 4:7= +.3).3,8= +742= 7*(*39= 8:7;*>8= &143,= 9-*= *39.7*= P*7:;.&3= (4&89_= H*7*.3= <*= 7*5479= 43=45.89-4'7&3(-=85*(.*8=9-&9=<*7*=&17*&)>=034<3=+742=C-.1*=47=*18*<-*7*`=&3)= &184=574;.)*=842*=3*<=2475-414,.(&1`='.414,.(&1=&3)=).897.':9.43&1=)&9&=43=85*(.*8= 9-:8=+&7=431>=034<3=+742=P*7:_=C-&11*3,*8=&7*=).8(:88*)=&3)=&3=4:91440=43=(:77*39= &3)=+:9:7*=<470=.8=,.;*3_=
T1_O,, INDEPENDENT=EVOLUTION=OF=SWIMMING=BEHAVIORS=IN=NUDIBRANCHS= INFERRED=FROM=NEURAL=MECHANISMS A0.7&=S&0:7&.+`=J48-:&=L_=L.11;.8,`=C-&7:3.=A_=G:3&7&93*+`=P&:1=S_=K&9?+ +N*:748(.*3(*=I389.9:9*`=G*47,.&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=PO=B4==/*-*`=A91&39&`=GA=-*-*,`=USA======&0.7& ,8:_*):`=(,:3&7&93*+ 89:)*39_,8:_*):`=50&9? ,8:_*):= ,R*8*&7(-=I389_=4+=M41*(:1&7=P&9-414,>`=D7_=B4-7,&88*=1`=A8+*-*=V.*33&`=A:897.&=/48-:&_1.11;.8 .25_&(_&9 T1 O+=9-*=,***8-***=85*(.*8=4+=N:).'7&3(-.&`=431>=&'4:9=0*=-&;*='**3=7*5479*)=94=8<.2_= T-*7*= &7*= 9<4= 57*)42.3&39= +4728= 4+= 8<.22.3,a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`=C1&)4'7&3(-.&a=M*1.'*=1*43.3&`=D*3)74349:8=.7.8`=&3)=9-*=A*41.)= F1&'*11.3&= .4).3*&_=A19-4:,-= M*1.'*= &3)= D*3)74349:8= -&;*= -42414,4:8= 3*:7438`= 9-*7*= <*7*=8.,3.Q=(&39=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=9-*=3*:7&1=2*(-&3.828=+47=LR=8<.22.3,=.3=9-*8*=85*(.*8_= P7*1.2.3&7>=7*8:198=.3=F1&'*11.3&`=8-4<*)=&=2.=9:7*=4+=9-*=3*:7&1=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8=8**3=.3= M*1.'*=&3)=D*3)74349:8_=T-:8`=9-*='*-&;.47=<&8=349=57*).(9.;*=4+=9-*=3*:7&1=2*(-&3.82= +47=LR=8<.22.3,_= W*= &184= *=&2.3*)= DV= 8<.22.3,= .3= 9<4`= 247*= ).89&391>= 7*1&9*)`= 85*(.*8a= T7.943.&= ).42*)*&=C1&)4'7&3(-.&=&3)=P1*:74'7&3(-&*&=(&1.+473.(&=P1*:74'7&3(-42475-&_=T-*8*= 85*(.*8=-&;*=-42414,4:8=3*:7438=5*7+472.3,=8.2.1&7=+:3(9.438_=F:79-*7247*`='49-=&184= *=-.'.9*)=8*74943*7,.(=3*:7424):1&9.43`=<-.(-=<&8=3*(*88&7>=+47=8<.22.3,=':9=349= +4:3)=.3=9-*=34388<.22.3,=85*(.*8`=H*72.88*3)&=(7&88.(473.8_=I3=9-.8=(&8*=9-*='*-&;.47= <&8=57*).(9.;*=4+=9-*=3*:7&1=2*(-&3.828=':9=9-*=5->14,*3>=<&8=349_= W-*3= <*= (425&7*)= 9-*= 9<4= (&9*,47.(&11>= ).89.3(9= '*-&;.478`= <*= +4:3)= 9-&9= 9-*= -42414,:*=4+=43*=4+=9-*=3*:7438=9-&9=<&8=7->9-2.(&11>=&(9.;*=.3=M*1.'*=&3)=F1&'*11.3&= <&8=349=7->9-2.(&11>=&(9.;*=.3=T7.943.&_=S.2.1&71>`=3*:7438=9-&9=<*7*=7->9-2.(&11>=&(9.;*= .3=DV=8<.22*78=<*7*=349=7->9-2.(&11>=&(9.;*=.3=LR=8<.22*78_==H4<*;*7`=9-*>=&55*&7*)= 94=51&>=49-*7=741*8=.3=24):1&9.3,=LR=8<.22.3,_=I3=8:22&7>`=&19-4:,-=-42414,4:8= 3*:7438= (4:1)= '*= 7*(4,3.?*)= &(7488= 85*(.*8`= 9-*>= -&)= ).89.3(9= +:3(9.438= 9-&9= <*7*= 54471>=(477*1&9*)=<.9-=5->14,*3>=47='*-&;.47=8:,,*89.3,=.3)*5*3)*39=*;41:9.43=4+=9-*= '*-&;.478_ +3* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T1_P+ TERGIPES=TERGIPES=FÖRSKAL`=+11/=GASTROPODA`=NUDIBRANCHIA`= TRULY=AMPHIATLANTIC=A=MOLECULAR=APPROACH S&2&39-&=C@2&7&+`=L*.1&=C&7243&+`=K7.89*3=C*11&,`=J:&3=L:(&8=C*7;*7&+ +D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=)*1=M&7=>=A2'.*39&1*8`=C&25:8=)*=E=(*1*3(.&= I39*73&(.43&1=)*1=M&7=CEIMAR`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=C@).?_=P:*794=R*&1`=C@).?`=S5&.3======8&2&39-&_(&2&7&'1&8 &1:2_:(&_*8`=1*.1&_(&7243& :(&_*8`=1:(&8_(*7;*7& :(&_*8 ,D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=C&1.+473.&=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8`=S&3=F7&3(.8(4`=C&1.+473.&`=USA= 0(*11& 89&3+47)_*): N*&71>= +-= 4+= 45.89-4'7&3(-= ,&897454)8= .3= 9-*= A91&39.(= O(*&3= &7*= 7*,&7)*)= &8= &25-.8A91&39.(_=T-.8=&88:259.43`=<-.(-=-&8='**3='74&)1>='&8*)=43=2475-48&3&942.(&1= 8.2.1&7.9.*8`=-&8=7&7*1>='**3=9*89*)=<.9-.3=&=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(=+7&2*<470_=D:7.3,= 9-*=1&89=)*(&)*`=241*(:1&7=2*9-4)8=-&;*=+7*6:*391>=8-4<3=9-&9=(4824541.9&3=47=<.)*1>= T1 ).897.':9*)=85*(.*8=(438.89=4+=9&=4342.(=(4251*=*8=4+=2:19.51*=1.3&,*8_= O3*=4+=9-*=2489=.39*7*89.3,=&85*(98=4+=9-*=85*(.2*38=4+=9-*=3:).'7&3(-8=&88.,3*)=94= T*7,.5*8=9*7,.5*8=.8=9-&9`=9-.8=85*(.*8=<4:1)=-&;*=&3=&25-.&91&39.(=).897.':9.43_=S.3(*=.98= 47.,.3&1=)*8(7.59.43`=9-.8=85*(.*8=-&8='**3=<.)*1>=7*5479*)=+742='49-=(4&898=4+=N479-= A91&39.(`=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3=S*&=.3(1:).3,=9-*=A)7.&9.(=S*&`=9-*=B1&(0=S*&=&3)=43(*= +742=B7&?.1_=H4<*;*7`=9-*=(4385*(.Q=(.9>=4+=*&89*73=&3)=<*89*73=545:1&9.438=-&8='**3= 8:'/*(9= 94= 6:*89.43_= H*7*= <*= :8*)= 241*(:1&7= 2*9-4)8= 94= 9*89= <-*9-*7= *&89*73= &3)= <*89*73=545:1&9.438='*143,=94=9-*=8&2*=85*(.*8_=W*=:8*)=9-*=(7.9*7.&=4+=).;*7,*3(*=&3)= 7*(.574(&1= 24345->1>`=8:55479*)= '>= (43(47)&39= ,*3*&14,.(&11>= .3)*5*3)*39= ,*3*9.(= 2&70*78`=94=)*Q=3*=85*(.*8_=P&79.&1=8*6:*3(*8=4+=COI`=+0S=&3)=H-=<*7*=4'9&.3*)=+742=+/= 85*(.2*38=+742=I9&1>`=9-*=N*9-*71&3)8`=U3.9*)=&3)=K.3,)42=&3)=9-*=<*89*73=A91&39.(= 4+=M&.3*_=B&>*8.&3=&3&1>8*8=<*7*=(43):(9*)=94=574):(*=5->14,*3*9.(=97**8_=O:7=7*8:198= 8:55479=9-*=->549-*8.8=4+=&3=&25-.&91&39.(=).897.':9.43=4+=9-.8=85*(.*8_
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T1_P0 PLAY=IF=YOU=DARE=FIND=THE=COLOUR=DIFFERENCES=AMONG=THE=SPECIES= OF=THE=ANTEAEOLIDIELLA=INDICA=COMPLEX L*.1&=C&7243&+`=M&79&=P41&,`=T*77*3(*=M_=G481.3*7-`=J:&3=L:(&8=C*7;*7&+ +D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=)*1=M&7=>=A2'.*39&1*8`=C&25:8=)*=E=(*1*3(.&= I39*73&(.43&1=)*1=M&7=CEIMAR`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=C@).?_=P:*794=R*&1`=C@).?`=S5&.3======1*.1&_(&7243& :(&_*8`=1:(&8_(*7;*7& :(&_*8 ,D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,c&`=E).Q=(.4=)*=B.414,c&`=C&25:8=)*=E=(*1*3(.&=I39*73&(.43&1=UAM(CSIC`= U3.;*78.)&)=A:9342&=)*=M&)7.)`=M&)7.)`=S5&.3=2541&5*7*? ,2&.1_(42 -D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=C&1.+473.&=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8`=S&3=F7&3(.8(4`=C&1.+473.&`=USA= 9,481.3*7 (&1&(&)*2>_47, T7&).9.43&11>`=9<4=).S=*7*39=85*(.2*38=-&;*='**3=(438.)*7*)=&8=2*2'*78=4+=9-*=8&2*= 85*(.*8= <-*3= 9-*>= 8-&7*= 9-*= 8&2*= 47= &= 8.2.1&7= *=9*73&1= &55*&7&3(*_= H4<*;*7`= .9= .8= (:77*391>= &((*59*)= 9-&9= 842*= 85*(.*8= 2&>= *=-.'.9= &= '74&)= 7&3,*= 4+= (414:7.3,`= 9-.8= T1 ;&7.&'.1.9>= '*.3,= 8:55479*)= '>= 241*(:1&7= 89:).*8_= T-*= (414:7&9.43= 4+= 9-*= &*41.)..)= 85*(.*8=A39*&*41.).*11&=.3).(&=B*7,-`=+222=-&8='**3=&((*59*)=&8=;*7>=;&7.&'1*_=T-*7*+47*= 9-*=85*(.Q=(=3&2*8=.3974):(*)=4;*7=9-*=>*&78=+47=9-*=).S=*7*39=(414:7=+4728=4+=A_=.3).(&= *&71>=&8=A*41.).*11&=<*7*=7*,&7)*)=&8=/:3.47=8>343>28_=T-*=7*(*39=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3>= 4+=A*41.)..)&*=8-4<*)=9-&9=A39*&*41.).*11&=.3).(&=.8=&=85*(.*8=(4251*==(42548*)=4+=&9= 1*&89= 8*;*3= ).89.3(9= 85*(.*8_= T-*= 3&2*8= 4+= A39*&*41.).*11&= (&(&49.(&`= A_= 8&1)&3-*38.8`= A_= 9&0&348.2*38.8= &3)= A_= 1:7&3&= <*7*= 7*8:77*(9*)= &3)= 9<4= :3)*8(7.'*)= 85*(.*8= +742= 9-*= I3)48P&(.Q=(= <*7*= *;.)*39_= I3= 9-*= 57*8*39= (4397.':9.43`= <*= )*243897&9*= 9-&9= 9-*8*= 2:19.51*= 1.3&,*8= )*9*(9*)= '>= 241*(:1&7= 2*9-4)8= &7*= &184= 8:55479*)= '>= 8.,3.Q=(&39= (414:7=).S=*7*3(*8_=B&8*)=43=9-*8*=(414:7=5&=*738`=<*=&184=8-4<=842*=5:9&9.;*=3*<= 85*(.*8=+4:3)=.3=).S=*7*39=<*'=5&,*8_=
T1_P1 A=NEW=PIECE=IN=THE=PUZZLE=FOR=THE=RIVERINE=SLUGS=OF=THE= ACOCHLIDIIDAE=PANPULMONATAa=ACOCHLIDIA B&89.&3=B7*3?.3,*7+`=T.2*&=P_=N*:88*7,`=M&=-.&8=G1&:'7*N=9-`=K&9-&7.3&=M_=J7,*7,`= M.N=&*1=SN=7)1+`, +SNSB=:=B&;&7.&3=S9&9*=C411*(9.43=4+=Z4414,>`=M33N=-&:8*3897&I*=,+`=2+,.1=M33N=*3`=G*72&3>= '&89.&3_'7*3?.3,*7 &7(47_)*`=2.N=&*1_8N=74*)1 ?82_2<3_)* ,D*5&792*39=B.414,>=II`=L:)<.,=M&=.2.1.&38=U3.;*78.9>=M:3.N=`=G74I-&)*73*7=S97_=,`=2,+/,=P1&3*,,8 M&79.387.*)`=G*72&3>=3*:88*7 '.414,.*_:3.82:*3N=*3_)*`=/4*7,*7 '.414,.*_:3.82:*3N=*3_)* -M:8*:2=+37=N&9:70:3)*=B*71.3`=L*.'3.?8I389.9:9=+37=E;41:9.4388=:3)=B.4).;*78.9C98+478N=:3,=&3=)*7= H:2'41)98U3.;*78.9C9=?:=B*71.3`=I3;&1.)*3897&88*=.-`=+*++/=B*71.3`=G*72&3>= 2&=-.&8_,1&:'7*N=9 2+38'*71.3_)* T-*= 81:,8= 4+= 9-*= +&2.1>= A(4(-1.)..)&*= &7*= &3= 4:91.*7= &243,= 49-*7<.8*= 2&7.3*`= 2*.4+&:3&1=&3)=9-*7*+47*=2.3:9*=2*2'*78=4+=9-*=A(4(-1.).&a='>=(425&7.843`=9-*>= &7*= ,.&39= .3= (*39.2*9*787&3,*`= <.9-= &):198= 1.;.3,= *=(1:8.;*1>= .3= (4&89&1= 7.;*78= &3)=(7**08=4+=9745.(&1=.81&3)8=.3=9-*=I3)48W*89=P&(.+.(_=H.8947.(&11>`=9-*=+&2.1>=.8= 9-*=143,*89=034<3=&243,=9-*=47)*7`=':9=431>=7*(*391>=7*8*&7(-=-&8=8-4<3=9-&9= A(4(-1.)..)&*=&7*=&=)*7.;*)=(1&)*=9-&9=*;41;*)=&3=&25-.)742.(=1.+*89>1*=<.9-=&= 85*(.&1.?*)=1&7;&1=89&,*=&3)=9-&9=&):198=57*)&9*=43=9-*=(&1(&7*4:8=*,,8(&58:1*8=4+= +7*8-<&9*7=83&.18=4+=9-*=N*7.9.)&*_= +3. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
C:77*391>=9-*7*=&7*=9<4=034<3=2475-414,.(&11>=).89.3(9=9&=&=&243,=&(4(-1.)..)8a= 43*= 1.3*&,*= <.9-= 9-*= 81*3)*7`= :3.+4721>= 7*)).8-= (4147*)= S97:'*11.&= ,= )*8(7.'*)= 85*(.*8= <-.(-= 7*8*2'1*8= 9-*= P8*:):3*1.)&*= 9-*= 2&7.3*= 8.89*7= ,74:5= 4+= 9-*= A(4(-1.)..)&*`=&3)=&=8*(43)=1.3*&,*=<.9-=8**2.3,1>=247*=)*7.;*)`=+1&99*3*)=&3)= 5.,2*39*)`='74<3=47=,7**3.8-=A(4(-1.).:2=-=85_=&3)=P&11.4-*)>1*=,=85__ A= ,*+*= 8:7;*>= 4+= +7*8-<&9*7= ,&897454)8= 43= 9-*= M41:((&3= .81&3)= 4+= A2'4.3&`= I3)43*8.&`= ).8(4;*7*)= 9<4= 85*(.2*38= 4+= &= -.9-*794= :3034<3= &(4(-1.)..)= 9-&9= 8-4<8= .39*72*).&9*= (-&7&(9*78_= E=9*73&11>`= .9= 7*8*2'1*8= &= '1:*8,7**3= S97:'*11.&`= &3)=-8).2*38.43&1=7*(43897:(9.43='&8*)=43=8*2.9-.3=-.89414,.(&1=8*(9.438=8-4<8= 9-&9=).,*89.;*=&3)=*=(7*947>=8>89*28=1&7,*1>=7*8*2'1*=9-&9=.3=S97:'*11.&_=S(&33.3,= *1*(9743=2.(748(45>=&3)=-.89414,>`=-4<*;*7`=8-4<8=9-&9=9-*=85*(.*8=-&8=*;41;*)= 9-*=(4251.(&9*)=97&581.0*=(45:1&947>=47,&3=<-.(-=7*8*2'1*8=9-&9=4+= A(4(-1.).:2_= A= 241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3>= 4+= &(4(-1.)..)8= :8.3,= 2:19.14(:8= 2&70*78= (43+.728= 9-&9= 9-*=85*(.*8=.8=.3)**)=8.89*7=94=&=(1&)*=.3(1:).3,=A(4(-1.).:2=&3)=P&11.4-*)>1*_=T-.8= T1 8:,,*898=9-&9=&=(4251*==(45:1&947>=47,&3=*;41;*)=*&71.*7=9-&3=9-*=A(4(-1.).:281.0*= 2475-49>5*_=
T1_P2 -D=MICROANATOMY=OF=ERCOLANIA=N_SP_= GASTROPODA`=PANPULMONATAa=A=SACOGLOSSAN=DWARF= FEEDING=ON=THE=SEAGRASS=HALOPHILA=OVALIS P*9*7=K4-3*79+`=K&9-*=R_=J*38*3, +SNSB8B&;&7.&3=S9&9*=C411*(9.43=4+=Z4414,>`=M33(--&:8*3897&I*=,+`=2+,.1=M33(-*3`=G*72&3>= P*9*K4-3*79 ,2&.1_(42 ,Z4414,.(&1=M:8*:2=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2=4+=D*32&70`=U3.;*78.9*985&70*3=+/`= DK8,+**=C45*3-&,*3=Ø`=D*32&70=07/*38*3 832_0:_)0 W.9-=+*<=*=(*59.438`=S&(4,1488&38=&7*=9.3>=8:(947.&1=-*7'.;47*8=+**).3,=43=(*11=8&5= 4+=&1,&*_=T-*=+&2.1>=L.2&5439..)&*=(4257.8*8=842*=*=97*2*1>=2.3:9*=85*(.*8`=2489= 4+=9-*2=2*2'*78=4+=9-*=,*3:8= E7(41&3.&_=T4=)&9*`=9-*=&3&942>=4+=9-*8*=&'*77&39= 85*(.*8= -&8= '**3= 54471>= *=5147*)_= W*= -*7*.3= 57*8*39= &= )*9&.1*)= 89:)>= 43= 9-*= &3&942>= 4+= E7(41&3.&= 3_85_`=349=*=(**).3,=&='4)>=1*3,9-=4+=,=22_=H.,-=6:&1.9>= 2475-414,.(&1=)&9&=<&8=,*3*7&9*)='>=-D=7*(43897:(9.43=:8.3,=AMIRA=84+9<&7*= '&8*)=43=-.89414,.(&1=8*(9.438`=&11=2&/47=47,&3=8>89*28=&7*=)*8(7.'*)_=W-.1*=2489= 8&(4,1488&38=+**)=43=8.5-43&1*&3=&1,&*`=9-.8=85*(.*8=-&8=85*(.&1.?*)=94=+**)=43=9-*= 8**,7&88= H&145-.1&= 4;&1.8_= I251.(&9.438= 43= 2475-414,.(&1= *;41:9.43= 94<&7)8= &3)= <.9-.3=9-*=,*3:8=&7*=).8(:88*)_== ABSTRACTS +3/
T1_P3 SLUG=SPICULESa=ADDING=INSIGHTS=FROM=HISTOLOGY=AND= TRANSCRIPTOME=ANALYSES=TO=THE=ALREADY=COMPLEX=PICTURE= OF=BIOMINERALIZATION=IN=GASTROPODA K&9-&7.3&=M_=J7,*7+`=B&89.&3=B7*3?.3,*7+`=M.(-&*1=S(-7)1+`=S3.&=C_=S_=A3)7&)*,`= G43?&14=G.7.'*9-`=A3&=R.*8,4. +SNSB8B&;&7.&3=S9&9*=C411*(9.43=4+=Z4414,>`=D*5&792*39=M411:8(&`=M33(--&:8*3897_=,+`=2+,.1= M33(-*3`=G*72&3>=&3)=D*5&792*39=B.414,>=II`=L:)<.,8M&=.2.1.&388U3.;*78.9>`=G74I-&)*73*7=S97_=,`= 2,+/,=P1&3*,,8M&79.387.*)`=G*72&3>=K&9-&7.3&_J4*7,*7 ?82_2<3_)*`='&89.&3_'7*3?.3,*7 &7(47_)*`= M.(-&*1_S(-74*)1 ?82_2<3_)* ,D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z449*(3.&`=ESALQ8USP`=SP`=B7&?.1 -M:8*:2=4+=C425&7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=D*5&792*39=4+=O7,&3.82.(=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`= H&7;&7)=U3.;*78.9>`=,0=O=+47)=S97**9`=C&2'7.),*`=MA=*,+-2`=USA .D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B&7(*143&`=A;.3,:)&=D.&,43&1=0.-`=B&7(*143&`=S5&.3 T1 M411:8(&3=8-*118=&7*=7*2&70&'1*=.3=9-*.7=;&7.*9>=4+=+4728=&3)=8-&5*8`=&3)=&557457.&9*1>= 7*(*.;*=9-*=&=*39.43=4+='.42.3*7&1.?&9.43=7*8*&7(-_=B*8.)*=8-*118`=49-*7='.42.3*7&1.?&9.43= 574):(98=4((:7=&243,=,&897454)8`=&19-4:,-=>*9=4+=:3(1*&7=*;41:9.43&7>=47.,.38_=A243,= -*9*74'7&3(-= ,&897454)8`= .397&8= 47= *=97&(*11:1&7= (&1(&7*4:8= )*548.98= &7*= *85*(.&11>= 5742.3*39=.3=1.3*&,*8=4+=2*.4+&:3&1=&3)=3:).'7&3(-=81:,8`=&=2475-49>5*=9-&9=*;41;*)= .3)*5*3)*391>= 8*;*7&1= 9.2*8_= I9= 7*2&.38= :3(1*&7`= 9-4:,-`= <-*9-*7= 9-*8*= (&1(&7*4:8= )*548.98= &7*= -42414,4:8= 94= 9-*= 8-*11`= 47= <-*9-*7= 9-*>= )*;*145= .3)*5*3)*391>= &3)= (43;*7,*391>_ W*=(425&7*=)&9&=43=9-*=:197&897:(9:7*=4+=85.(:1*8=&3)=9-*=-.89414,>=4+=85.(:1*8'*&7.3,= (*118= 4+= ).S=*7*39= 2&.31>= 2*.4+&:3&1= 81:,= 1.3*&,*8= A(4(-1.).&`= R-4)45*2475-&`= S&(4,1488&_=S5.(:1*8=&7*=-.,-1>=;&7.&'1*=.3=8.?*=&3)=8-&5*=':9=&11=4((:7=.397&(*11:1&71>= &3)= &7*= *&(-= +472*)= '>= &= 8.3,1*= (*11_= T4= +:79-*7= .3;*89.,&9*= 9-*= ,*3*9.(= '&(0,74:3)= 4+= '.42.3*7&1.?&9.43= .3= 81:,8`= <*= ,*3*7&9*)= &3)= )*= 34;4= &88*2'1*)= 9<4= &):19= 97&38(7.5942*8= +47= ).S=*7*39= 85*(.*8= 4+= A(4(-1.).&`= 8*6:*3(.3,= 5&.7*)= *3)= +/*'5= 7*&)8=:8.3,=9-*=I11:2.3&=G*342*=A3&1>?*7=II_=T-*=97&38(7.5942*8=<*7*=8(7**3*)=+47=&= (425.1*)=1.89=4+=5749*.38=57*;.4:81>=)*8(7.'*)=&8='*.3,=.3;41;*)=.3='.42.3*7&1.?&9.43= ._*_`=8-*11=)*548.9.43=.3=M411:8(&_=B&8*)=43=4:7=)&9&`=<*=7*5479=9-*=*=57*88.43=4+=9-*= 8-*118+472.3,=,*3*8=3&(7*.3=&3)=5*71:897.3=.3=8-*1181*88=81:,8=&8=<*11=&8=49-*7=5749*.38= ).7*(91>=47=.3).7*(91>=7*1&9*)=94=9-*=8-*11=)*548.9.43_ T-*= ).897.':9.43= 4+= 85.(:1*8= .3= 9-*= .3;*89.,&9*)= 9&=&`= &3)= 9-*.7= .397&(*11:1&7= 3&9:7*= &3)= (42548.9.43`= )4= 349= 8:55479= &= -42414,>= <.9-= -*9*74'7&3(-= 8-*118= &3)= 7&9-*7= 57*8*39=.3)*5*3)*391>=*;41;*)=574):(98=+47='.42.3*7&1.?&9.43_=T4=)&9*`=9-*=1&(0=4+=&= '74&)=(425&7&9.;*=)&9&8*9=43=9-*=,*3*9.(=574(*88*8=4+=8-*11=)*548.9.43=-.3)*78=84:3)= .39*757*9&9.43=4+=4:7=97&38(7.5942.(=)&9&_=N*;*79-*1*88`=842*=5:9&9.;*1>=51*8.42475-.(= 8-*118+472.3,=,*3*8=:=*_,_`=9-48*=.3;41;*)=.3=9-*=+472&9.43=4+=9-*=1&7;&1=8-*11=:=2.,-9='*= 7*9&.3*)=&3)=7*&(9.;&9*)=1&9*7=.3=9-*=*;41:9.43&7>=-.8947>=+47=9-*=+472&9.43=4+=85.(:1*8_ +30 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T*1_P+* DIVERSITY=OF=CEPHALASPIDEA=GASTROPODS=IN=NORWAY L*3&=T.3&=O-3-*.8*7`=M&3:*1=A393.4=E_=M&1&6:.&8 +P->14,*3*9.(8=S>89*2&9.(8=&3)=E;41:9.43=R*8*&7(-=G74:5`=T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=C411*(9.438`= U3.;*78.9>=M:8*:2=4+=B*7,*3`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=PB=12**`=/*,*8B*7,*3`=N47<&>======L*3&_O-3-*.8*7 :2_:.'_34`=M&3:*1_M&1&6:.&8 :2_:.'_34 T-*=C*5-&1&85.)*&=.8=43*=4+=9-*=2&.3=1.3*&,*8=4+=9-*=97&).9.43&1=O5.89-4'7&3(-.&= 8*&=81:,8_=U31.0*=2489=49-*7=45.89-4'7&3(-8=9-*>=&7*=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=9-*=57*8*3(*= 4+=&=85.7&1*)=*=9*73&1=8-*11=<.9-=+*<=8-*1181*88=,74:58=&3)=,74:58=<.9-=;*89.,.&1= .39*73&1=8-*118=&184=57*8*39_=P7*;.4:8=034<1*),*=&'4:9=9-*8*=2411:8(8=.3=N47<&>= 7*8:19*)=2&.31>=+742=.3;*89.,&9.438=.3=9-7**=,*4,7&5-.(&1=7*,.438=4+=9-*=(4:397>a= 9-*=A79.(=?43*`=9-*=O814+/47)`=&3)=.3=&=82&11*7=8(&1*=9-*=B*7,*3=&7*&=43=9-*=SW=(4&89_= T1 R*(*39=<4708=7*5479=:5=94=&=949&1=4+=-.=85*(.*8=.3=9-*=(4:397>`=':9=3*;*79-*1*88`=9-*= (4251*==9&=4342>=4+=9-*=C*5-&1&85.)*&=7*8:19.3,=+742=5447=85*(.*8=)*8(7.59.438= 4+9*3='&8*)=43=8-*118=&143*`=2&0*8=9-*=.)*39.+.(&9.43=4+=2&3>=4+=9-*=E:745*&3=9&=&= 574'1*2&9.(_=T-*7*+47*`=&=574/*(9=<&8=8*9=:5=&.2.3,=94=7*;.*<=9-*=8>89*2&9.(8=4+= 9-*= C*5-&1&85.)*&= .3= N47<&>= '&8*)= 43= 9-*= 89:)>= 4+= 3&9.43&1= &3)= .39*73&9.43&1= 2:8*:2=(411*(9.438`=3*<1>=(411*(9*)=85*(.2*38`=&3)=9>5*=2&9*7.&1`=&3)=(42'.3.3,= 9-*=89:)>=4+=8-*118`=2475-414,>=7&):1&*`=,.??&7)=51&9*8=&3)=9-*=2&1*=7*574):(9.;*= 8>89*2=&3)=DNA=(-&7&(9*78=.3=&=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3*9.(=+7&2*<470_ T-.79>8*.,-9=85*(.*8=&8(7.'*)=94=+,=,*3*7&=&3)=8.==+&2.1.*8=D.&5-&3.)&*`=R*9:8.)&*`= P-.1.3.)&*`= P-.1.34,1488.)&*`= C>1.(-3.)&*`= S(&5-&3)7.)&*= <*7*= 7*(4,3.?*)_= T-*=;&1.).9>=4+=+.;*=4+=9-48*=7*2&.38=94='*=(43+.72*)=&3)=9<4=7*8:19=+742=7*(*39= )*8(7.59.438_ ABSTRACTS +31
T1_P++ FOLLOWING=SEA=SLUGSa=RESULTS=OF=A=RECENT=OPISTHOBRANCH= EXPEDITION=IN=THE=NORTHEASTERN=AND=SOUTHEASTERN= BRAZILIAN=COASTS V.3.(.:8=P&):1&+`=C&714=M_=C:3-&,`=J:1.&3&=B&-.&+`=Y&7&=T.'.7.O@-`=P&97.(.&=O_=L.2&,`= L:.?&=S&&).`=M43.(&=D47.,4=C477*.&/`=H.1)&=H_=S4;.*7?480./`=M&3:*1=M&1&6:.&80`= L:.8=S@3(-*?=T4(.341`=J48S=C&7148=G&7(c&=G2*?2`=L:.?=R.(&7)4=L_=S.243*,`======J:&3=L:(&8=C*7;*7&3 +SNSB8Z4414,.8(-*=S9&&988&221:3,=M33(-*3`=M33(--&:8*3897&88*=,+`=2+,.1`=M33(-*3`=G*72&3>= &3)=D*5&792*39=B.414,>=II=&3)=G*4B.48C*39*7`=L:)<.,8M&=.2.1.&388U3.;*78.9C9=M33(-*3`=G*72&3>= ;.3.(.:85&):1& >&-44_(42`=/:_'&-.& >&-44_(42 ,M:8*:=)*=Z4414,.&=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=SD4=P&:14`=C&.=&=P489&1=.,/3.`=*.,33831*=SD4=P&:14`=SP`=B7&?.1= (&7142&,*39& ,2&.1_(42`=5&9>1.2&2. ,2&.1_(42`=178.243* :85_'7 -A_C_C_M_8=Z&;47&=M&7.3*=L&'_=P7&.&=)*=Z&;47&`=823`=I3-&77.2*`=I3-&2'&3*=P74;.(*`=M4?&2'.6:*======T1 >&7& ?&;47&1&'_(42 .U3.;*78.)&)*=E89&):&1=P&:1.89&=UNESP=C&25:8=)4=L.947&1=P&:1.89&`=P7&O&=I3+&39*=D42=H*37.6:*=823= B&.774a=P&76:*=B.9&7:`=++--*83**=8=SD4=V.(*39*`=SP`=B7&?.1=8&&)1:.?& ,2&.1_(42 /U3.;*78.)&)*=F*)*7&1=)*=A1&,4&8`=S*947=)*=C42:3.)&)*8=B*393.(&8=LABMAR2ICBS`=R:&=A7.89*:=)*= A3)7&)*`=./,=8=, =&3)&7`=F&741`=CEP=/1*,+*3*`=M&(*.`=AL`=B7&?.1=243.(&)47.,4(477*.& ,2&.1_(42`= -84;.*7?480. ,2&.1_(42 0P->14,*3*9.(=S>89*2&9.(8=&3)=E;41:9.43=R*8*&7(-=G74:5`=B*7,*3=M:8*:2`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=C411*(9.438`= U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`=PB=12**`=/*,*8B*7,*3`=N47<&>=M&3:*1_M&1&6:.&8 :2_:.'_34 1D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z4414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=G7&3&)&`=+2*1+`=G7&3&)&`=S5&.3= 1894(.34 :,7_*8 2L&'47&947.4=)*=B.414,c&=M&7.3&`=D*5&79&2*394=)*=F.8.414,c&=>=Z4414,c&`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=S*;.11&`= A;*3.)&=R*.3&=M*7(*)*8=0`=.+*+,=S*;.11&`=S5&.3=/(,&7(.& :8_*8 3D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=)*1=M&7=>=A2'.*39&1*8`=C&25:8=)*=E=(*1*3(.&= I39*73&(.43&1=)*1=M&7=CEIMAR`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=C@).?`=A;)&_=R*50'1.(&=S&-&7&:.`=823`=A5)4_=.*`=++/+*= P:*794=R*&1=C@).?`=S5&.3=1:(&8_(*7;*7& :(&_*8 T-*= (4&89= 4+= B7&?.1= .8= &3= .39*7*89.3,= &7*&= +47= 9-*= 89:)>= 4+= 45.89-4'7&3(-8_= N49= 431>= '*(&:8*=.9=(4257.8*8=).;*78*=(4&89&1=*(48>89*28=&(7488=9745.(&1=&3)=<&7289*25*7&9*= <&9*78`=':9=&184=):*=9-*=+&(9=9-&9=2489=9745.(&1=<*89*73=A91&39.(=85*(.*8=-&;*=9-*.7=9>5*8 14(&1.9>=.3=9-.8=(4:397>_=A8=5&79=4+=&=574/*(9=43=9-*='.4).;*78.9>=4+=A91&39.(=45.89-4'7&3(-8`= &3=*=5*).9.43=<&8=(&77.*)=4:9=43=).S=*7*39=14(&1.9.*8=.3=9-*=3479-*&89*73=A1&,4&8=&3)= 84:9-*&89*73=SD4=P&:14=B7&?.1.&3=(4&891.3*8_=T-*=9<4=7*,.438=&7*=&74:3)=,***=02=+&7= &5&79=+742=*&(-=49-*7_=T-74:,-=.39*79.)&1=&3)=SCUBA=).;.3,=8&251.3,`=&=949&1=4+=2.= 85*(.*8=<*7*=+4:3)`=/-=.3=A1&,4&8=&3)=.*=.3=SD4=P&:14=7*,.43_=A9=1*&89=8.==85*(.*8=&7*= :3)*8(7.'*)=&3)=+4:7=&7*=3*<=7*(47)8=+742=B7&?.1_=F.V=**3=85*(.*8=<*7*=+4:3)=.3=9-*.7= 9>5*814(&1.9.*8`=842*=+47=9-*=Q=789=9.2*=&V=*7=9-*.7=47.,.3&1=)*8(7.59.43_=S5*(.2*38=4+=9-*8*= <*7*=5-494,7&5-*)=.3).;.):&11>`='*.3,=.25479&39=+47=(425&7&9.;*=89:).*8=94=2&9*7.&1= +742=49-*7=7*,.438_=D*85.9*=9-*=*=.89*3(*=4+=&=7*(*39=5&5*7=43=9-*=45.89-4'7&3(-=+&:3&= 4+=A1&,4&8`=+1=85*(.*8=<*7*=+47=9-*=Q=789=9.2*=(411*(9*)=.3=9-*=&7*&_=T-*=<&72=<&9*78=4+= A1&,4&8=&184=7*8:19*)=.3=&=-.,-=3:2'*7=4+=-*7'.;474:8=,74:58`=8:(-=&8=8&(4,1488&38= &3)= &51>8..)8_= T-*= 7*8:198= .3).(&9*= 9-&9= B7&?.1= 89.11= -.)*8= &3= :3034<3= 45.89-4'7&3(-= +&:3&`=349=431>=.3=54471>=89:).*)=7*,.438`=1.0*=9-*=3479-*&89*73=(4&89`=':9=&184=.3=9-*=1*88= *=5147*)=8:'9.)&1=?43*=&3)=.81&3)8`=+742=<-*7*=.39*7*89.3,=85*(.*8=<*7*=+47=9-*=Q=789= 9.2*=+4:3)_ +32 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T1_P+, VACUOLAR=CELLS=SEEM=TO=BE=A=SPECIAL=TRAIT=OF=THE=ESOPHAGUS=AND= CROP=OF=CARNIVOROUS=CEPHALASPIDEANS=EUOPISTHOBRANCHIA A1*=&3)7*=L4'48)&8C:3-&+`,`=E_=O1.;*.7&+`=A_=A1;*8+`=F_=G:.2&7D*8-`=G43O&14=C&1&)4. +I389.9:9*=4+=B.42*).(&1=S(.*3(*8=A'*1=S&1&?&7=ICBAS`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P4794`=7:&=J47,*=V.9*7'4=F*77*.7&=,,2`= .*/*8-+-=P4794`=P479:,&1=&1(:3-& .('&8_:5_59 ,I39*7).8(.51.3&7>=C*397*=4+=M&7.3*=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=R*8*&7(-=CIIMAR2CIMAR`=7:&=)48=B7&,&8=,23`= .*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1 -LNEG`=7:&=)&=A2.*.7&`=A5&79&)4=+*23`=..0083*+=S_=M&2*)*=)*=I3+*89&`=P479:,&1======+*73&3)&_,:.2&7&*8 13*,_59 .L:845-43*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H:2&3.9.*8=&3)=T*(-3414,.*8`=&;_=)4=C&254=G7&3)*`=-10=+1.38*,.=L.8'4&`=P479:,&1= ,43(&14_(&1&)4 :1:84+43&_59 C*118=<.9-=&=;*7>=1&7,*=;&(:41*=8:774:3)*)='>=&=;*7>=9-.3=1&>*7=4+=(>9451&82=<*7*=4'8*7;*)= T1 .3=9-*=(433*(9.;*=9.88:*=4+=9-*=(745=47=*845-&,:8=4+=9-*=(*5-&1&85.)*&38=P-.1.3458.8=)*5.(9&`= A,1&/&=97.(4147&9&=&3)=P-.1.3*=6:&)7.5&79.9&_=T-*8*=;&(:41&7=(*118=(&3='*=&':3)&39=(148*=94= 9-*=*5.9-*1.:2`=':9=9-*>=<*7*=3*;*7=8**3=.3=).7*(9=(439&(9=<.9-=9-*=1:2*3=4+=9-*=).,*89.;*= 97&(9_=I3=P_=)*5.(9&=&3)=P_=6:&)7.5&79.9&=/:89=82&11=&24:398=4+=).85*78*)=R=4((:1*39=2&9*7.&1= <*7*= 4'8*7;*)= '>= 97&382.88.43= *1*(9743= 2.(748(45>= TEM= <.9-.3= 9-*= *1*(974381:(*39= ;&(:41*_=N*;*79-*1*88`=.3=A_=97.(4147&9&=9-*=(*397&1=;&(:41*=&3)=9-*=;*8.(1*8=.3=9-*=5*7.5-*7&1= (>9451&82=(439&.3*)=*1*(97438)*38*=14458_=T-*=R=&9=3:(1*:8=.8=14(&9*)=&9=9-*=5*7.5-*7>=4+= 9-*=(*11=&3)=(*11=2*2'7&3*=.3;&,.3&9.438=&7*=(42243_ U8.3,= 9-*= 5>74&39.243&9*= 2*9-4)= +47= TEM`= (&1(.:2= <&8= )*9*(9*)= .3= 9-*= ;&(:41*= &3)= ;*8.(1*8= 4+= ;&(:41&7= (*118_= W.9-= 9-.8= 9*(-3.6:*`= *1*(97438)*38*= )*548.98= &7*= +472*)= .3= 897:(9:7*8=9-&9=(439&.3=(&1(.:2`=*;*3=.+=57*8*39=.3=;*7>=14<=6:&39.9>_=C439741=8*(9.438=<*7*= 97*&9*)= <.9-= &3= EGTA= 841:9.43`= <-.(-= 7*24;*8= 9-*= *1*(97438)*38*= )*548.98= (439&.3.3,= (&1(.:2_=A)).9.43&11>`=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=(&1(.:2=<&8=.3;*89.,&9*)=<.9-=&3=*1*(9743=2.(74574'*= *6:.55*)=<.9-=WDS=)*9*(9478_=T-*=X87&>=.39*38.9>=2&58=(43Q=72*)=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=14<= &24:398=4+=(&1(.:2=.3=9-*=*1*(97438)*38*=5>74&39.243&9*=9-*=)*548.98_=C&1(.:2=)*9*(9.43= .3=9-*=;&(:41&7=(*118=8:554798=&=7*1&9.438-.5=<.9-=9-*=(&1(.:2=(*118=4+=9-*=(433*(9.;*=9.88:*=4+= 5:1243&9*=,&897454)8_=T-*8*=(*118=(4:1)=574;.)*=.438=+47=':S=*7.3,=9-*=5H=4+='4)>=R=:.)8_ S4=+&7`=8.2.1&7=(*118=<*7*=349=+4:3)=.3=9-*=).,*89.;*=97&(9=4+=-*7'.;474:8=(*5-&1&85.)*&38_= T-:8`=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=;&(:41&7=(*118=2.,-9='*=&3=&542475->=4+=9-*=*845-&,:8=&3)=(745= )*;*145*)=.3=(&73.;474:8=(*5-&1&85.)*&38_
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T1_P+/ MATING=AGGREGATIONS=IN=INTERTIDAL=NUDIBRANCHS DENDRODORIS=HERYTRA=AND=D_=LIMBATA V&3*88&=L_=P.7*8`=M.,:*1=B&59.89&`=M&79&=S_=P.2*39*1`=V&3*88&=M_=L45*8`=A3&=R.9&= L45*8`=L:c8=N&7(.84`=R:.=R48& L&'47&97.4=M&7c9.24=)&=G:.&`=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`= A;_=N488&=S*3-47&=)4=C&'4`=3-3`=,1/*8-1.=C&8(&.8`=P479:,&1=;&3*88&15.7*8 -492&.1_(42 C*79&.3=3:).'7&3(-=545:1&9.438=+742=9-*=.39*79.)&1=?43*=&7*=034<3=94=&,,7*,&9*=):7.3,= 9-*=438*9=4+=7*574):(9.43_=T-*=+*<=7*54798=&;&.1&'1*=8-4<=9-&9=9-*=8:))*3=&55*&7&3(*= &3)=).8&55*&7&3(*=4+=9-*8*=545:1&9.438=&7*=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=8-479=8-47*<&7)=2.,7&9.43= 24;*2*398=94=85&<3_ H*7*=<*=574;.)*=841.)=*;.)*3(*=4+=>*&71>8'&8*)=2&9.3,=&,,7*,&9.438=4+=9<4=.39*79.)&1= ,** AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
3:).'7&3(-=85*(.*8=D*3)74)47.8=-*7>97&=&3)=D_=1.2'&9&=8:7;*>=.3=S&)4H8=*89:&7>=P479:,&1_= M47*= 85*(.Q=(&11>`= ):7.3,= 4:7= 9-7**8>*&7= 8:7;*>`= <*= 4'8*7;*)= 9-&9= 9-*= 3:).'7&3(-8= 89&79*)=94='*=*=548*)`=):7.3,=14<=9.)*8=0*_2=2`=94=&.7=*=548:7*=.3=M&7(-=+=.3).;.):&182 02,=+47='49-=85*(.*8_=T-*=5*&0=4+=)*38.9.*8=0*=.3).;.):&18202,=+47='49-=85*(.*8=<&8= &1<&>8= 7*,.89*7*)= .3= A57.1_= C43(42.9&391>`= <*= 7*,.89*7*)= 9-*= &55*&7&3(*= 4+= 8*;*7&1= *,,=2&88*8=9-&9=8:55479=9-*=7*574):(9.;*=5:7548*=4+=8:(-='*-&;.47_=E;*7>=>*&7`=9-*8*= &,,7*,&9.438=*3)*)=&74:3)=J:3*=<.9-=)*38.9.*8=4+=.=94=+,=.3).;.):&18202,=.3=D*3)74)47.8= 1.2'&9&=&3)=D_=-*7>97&`=7*85*(9.;*1>_=B49-=85*(.*8=<*7*=&'8*39=+742=9-*=.39*79.)&1=?43*=+47= 9-*=7*89=4+=9-*=>*&7=J:1>8F*'7:&7>_=W*=&7,:*=9-&9=&,,7*,&9.438=4+=9-*8*=3438,7*,&7.4:8= 47,&3.828=+&;47=2&9.3,=*3(4:39*7=&3)=.3(7*&8*=9-*.7=7*574):(9.;*=4:95:9=._*_=3:2'*7= 4+=;.&'1*=*,,=2&88*8_
T1_P+0 THE=ENEMY=INSIDE=YOUR=SEA=SLUG=:=ENDOPARASITES=OF=THE=FAMILY= T1 SPLANCHNOTROPHIDAE=COPEPODA R41&3)=F_=A3943+`,`=M.N=&*1=SN=7)1+`, +SNSB=:=Z4414,.8N= *=S9&&988&221:3,=M33N=*3`=M33N=-&:8*3897&I*=,+`=2,+.1=M:3.N=`=G*72&3>= R41&3)&3943+ ,2&.1_(42`=M.N=&*1_SN=74*)1 ?82_2<3_)* ,B.4Z*397:22LMU=M33N=*3`=G74I-&)*73*7897&I*=,`=2,+/,=P1&3*,,8M&79.387.*)`=G*72&3> T-*=S51&3(-349745-.)&*=&7*=&=(45*54)=+&2.1>=1.;.3,=*3)45&7&8.9.(&11>=.3=3:).'7&3(-= &3)=8&(4,1488&3=-4898`=':9=1.=1*=<&8=034<3=43='.414,.(&1=.39*7&(9.438=&3)=*;41:9.43_= O:7= 2475-414,>8'&8*)= 5->14,*3*9.(= ->549-*8.8= 8:,,*898= 9-&9= &11= (45*54)= 8*&= 81:,= *3)45&7&8.9*8='*143,=94=&=(1&)*=B7.&7*11&=51:8=S51&3(-349745-.)&*b=(45*54)=.3;&8.43= 4+=8*&=81:,=-4898=9-:8=4((:77*)=/:89=43(*_=A3(*897&1=-4898=(4:1)='*=)47.)=3:).'7&3(-8=4+= 9-*=+&2.1>=C-7424)47.)&*`=<.9-=8*;*7&1=5&7&8.9*=1.3*&,*8=8<.9(-.3,=94=49-*7=3:).'7&3(-= -489=9&=&_=S&(4,1488&38=<*7*=.3+*89*)=&9=1*&89=9<.(*=.3)*5*3)*391>_=T-.8=.8=8:757.8.3,= (438.)*7.3,= 9-*= 1&7,*= 5->14,*3*9.(= ).89&3(*= 4+= 3:).'7&3(-8= &3)= 5&35:1243&9*= 8&(4,1488&38`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`=842*=E:745*&3=851&3(-349745-.)8= 7&9-*7=9-&3=.3+*89.3,=).S=*7*39=-489=85*(.*8=&3)=*;*3=+&2.1.*8=47=(1&88.(&1=3:).'7&3(-= 8:'47)*78`=2&>='*=(7>59.(=85*(.*8=(4251*=*8=85*(.&1.?*)=94=(*79&.3=-4898=&184_= O:7= -D= 24)*18= 4+= 851&3(-349745-.)= 2.(74&3&942>= .3):(*= 842*= (43(1:8.438= 43= 5&7&8.9*=+:3(9.438=&3)=.39*7&(9.438=<.9-=9-*.7=-489_=F47=*=&251*`=9-*=8&(81.0*=).,*89.;*= 97&(9= 4+= I82&.1&= &1.*3&= 1&(0.3,= &3>= .39*89.3*= 47= &3:8= 8:554798= 4:7= *&71.*7= &88:259.43= 43= &= -*241>25-8:59&0*= 7&9-*7= 9-&3= *543>24:8= 9.88:*8+**).3,= &9= 1*&89= .3= (*79&.3= 851&3(-349745-.)8_= T-*= (42'.3&9.43= 4+= 24)*73= 84V=<&7*8'&8*)= .2&,.3,= 9*(-3.6:*8`= 241*(:1&7= 8*6:*3(*= &3&1>8*8= &3)= *;41:9.43&7>= 7*(43897:(9.438= .8= 54<*7+:1= &3)= *;*39:&11>= <.11= 1*&)= 94= &= )**5*7= :3)*789&3).3,= 4+= 8*&= 81:,= -4898= &3)= 9-*.7= 2489= 8.,3.Q=(&39=5&7&8.9*8=.3=&=+:3(9.43&1=&3)=*;41:9.43&7>=+7&2*<470_ ABSTRACTS ,*+
T1_P+1 FIRST=RECORD=OF=THE=ECTOPARASITE=DORIDICOLA=AFF_=AGILIS= COPEPODAa=CYCLOPOIDA=FROM=DIFFERENT=SPECIES=OF=THE=GENUS= HYPSELODORIS=IN=ATLANTIC=WATERS=NW=SPAIN Á1;&74=R4:7&+`=D&;.)=V.11*,&8+`=A3)7*:=B1&3(4+`=J47,*=H*73@3)*?=U7(*7&+`= A1*=&3)7&=C&8974, +IIM8CSIC`=I389.9:94=)*=I3;*89.,&(.43*8=M&7.3&8`=-0,*2=V.,4`=S5&.3=&74:7& ..2_(8.(_*8`======;.11*,&8 ..2_(8.(_*8`=&3)7*:'1&3(4 ..2_(8.(_*8`=/47,* ..2_(8.(_*8 ,L&'47&947.4=)*=E(414,c&=M&7.3&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=)*1=M&7`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=V.,4`=-0,**=V.,4`= P439*;*)7&`=S5&.3=&1*=&3)7&_':,&114 :;.,4_*8 S(:'&=).;.3,=5-494,7&5->=(&77.*)=4:9=8.3(*=,**1=.3=9-*=(4&89&1=7*,.43=4S==N479-<*89= I'*7.&3=P*3.38:1&=+742=A;*.74=.* -1N`=94=A,:*9*=., ,*N=&114<*)=9-*=.)*39.Q=(&9.43= 4+= 9-*= (>(1454.)= (45*54)= D47.).(41&= &S=_= &,.1.8`= &8= &3= *(945&7&8.9*= 4+= 9-*= 3:).'7&3(-= T1 H>58*14)47.8_=O;*7&11`=32=85*(.2*38=4+=9-*=,*3:8=H>58*14)47.8=<*7*=4'8*7;*)`=4+=<-.(-= 11=<*7*=H_=(&39&'7.(&`=+.=H_=;.11&+7&3(&=&3)=1=H_=97.(4147_= P7*;&1*3(*= 4+= +2= <*7*= +4:3)= +47= H_= (&39&'7.(&= +.= .3+*(9*)= -4898= +742= 11= 4'8*7;*)= 85*(.2*38`=<.9-=&=2*&3=.39*38.9>=4+=,=5&7&8.9*8=5*7=-489_=O3=9-*=49-*7=-&3)`=57*;&1*3(*= 4+= +.= <*7*= 7*(47)*)= *.9-*7= +47= H_= ;.11&+7&3(&= ,= .3+*(9*)= -4898= +742= +.= 4'8*7;*)= 85*(.2*38=&3)=H_=97.(4147=+=.3+*(9*)=-489=+742=1=4'8*7;*)=85*(.2*38`='49-=-&;.3,=&= 2*&3=.39*38.9>=4+=+=*(945&7&8.9*=5*7=85*(.2*3_= T-*= 7->3(-4241,.)= D47.).(41&= &S=_= &,.1.8= -&8= '**3= 7*(47)*)= 84= +&7= +742= &9= 1*&89= ,*= ,*3*7&= 4+= 3:).'7&3(-`= 43*= ,*3:8= 4+= &51>8.42475-8`= &8= <*11= &8= .3= 9-*= (*5-&1454)= T4)&74)*8=8&,.9&=:8_=H4<*;*7`=.9=.8=9-*=Q=789=9.2*=9-&9=9-.8=85*(.*8=-&8='**3=(.9*)=+742=9-*= 3:).'7&3(-=,*3:8=H>58*14)47.8_=T-*=431>=*=(*59.43=*;*7=7*(47)*)=+47=9-.8=,*3:8=<&8=9-*= *(945&7&8.9.(= (45*54)= D47.).(41&= 1&7&3.`= &884(.&9*)= <.9-= 9-*= (-7424)47.)= 3:).'7&3(-= H>58*14)47.8=4'8(:7&=)*8(7.'*)=+742=M47*943=B&>`=84:9-*73=Q:**381&3)=P&(.Q=(=O(*&3_= F:79-*7=,*3*9.(=&3)=2475-414,.(&1=&3&1>8.8=.8=3**)*)=.3=47)*7=94=.)*39.+>=9-*=(45*54)= 85*(.*8=&((:7&9*1>_ ,*, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T2 GAINS=AND=LOSSES=OF=FRESHWATER=BIVALVES= AND=THEIR=CONSEQUENCES=FOR=ECOSYSTEMS 8543847*)='>=I389.9:94=P479:,:U8=)*=M&1&(414,.&=:=IPM M&3:*1=L45*8=L.2&+`=R43&1)4=S4:8&,`=J4&6:.2=R*.8- +CIIMAR`=ICBAS=:=U3.;*78.)&)*=)4=P4794`=R:&=)*=J47,*=V.9*7'4=F*77*.7&=3_ =,,2`=.*/*8-+-=P4794`=P479:,&1======145*81.2&_(..2&7 ,2&.1_(42 ,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M.3-4`=C&25:8=)*=G:&19&7`=.1+*8*/1=B7&,&`=P479:,&1`=]=CIIMAR= 743&1)4_84:8& (..2&7_:5_59 -IPM=:=Z442&7.3*=EN=+,/`=K2=0/=G:.&`=2,*+820.=A1':+*.7&`=P479:,&1=.52&1&( ,2&.1_(42 F7*8-= <&9*78= &7*= *=5*7.*3(.3,= )*(1.3*8= .3= '.4).;*78.9>= +&7= ,7*&9*7= 9-&3= 9-48*= .3= 9*77*897.&1=&3)=2&7.3*=*(48>89*28_==I+=9-*=1488=4+=85*(.*8=(439.3:*8=&9=(:77*39=7&9*8`= 9-*= 455479:3.9.*8= 94= (438*7;*= 2:(-= 4+= 9-*= 7*2&.3.3,= '.4).;*78.9>= .3= +7*8-<&9*7= <.11=8443=;&3.8-_==F7*8-<&9*7='.;&1;*8=&7*=(438.)*7*)=43*=4+=9-*=2489=9-7*&9*3*)= +&:3.89.(= ,74:58= .3= 9-*= <471)= &3)= 8-4:1)= '*= 9&0*3= .394= &((4:39= .3= +7*8-<&9*7= T2 *(48>89*28=(438*7;&9.43=&(9.438_==A19-4:,-=2&3>='.;&1;*=85*(.*8=&7*=).8&55*&7.3,`= 49-*78= *_,_= C47'.(:1&= R=:2.3*&`= D7*.88*3&= 541>2475-&= &3)= L.2345*73&= +479:3*.= -&;*= '**3=.3974):(*)=.3=7.;*78=&3)=1&0*8=(&:8.3,=2&/47=*(414,.(&1=&3)=*(4342.(=.25&(98_== N*;*79-*1*88`=7*,.43&1=;&7.&9.43=.3=9-*=034<1*),*=4+=9-*=&(9:&1=).;*78.9>=4+='.;&1;*8`= 9-*.7= *(414,>= &3)= .25&(9= +&(9478= 2&>= .25*7.1= 4:7= &'.1.9>= 94= :3)*789&3)= (-&3,*8= &3)=9&0*=&)*6:&9*=&(9.438_==U3)*7=9-*8*=&88:259.438=._*_=1488=&3)=,&.3=4+=85*(.*8`= 9-*=57*8*39=8>2548.:2=&.28=94=).8(:88==+=9-*='.414,>=&3)=(438*7;&9.43=4+=3&9.;*= +7*8-<&9*7='.;&1;*8`==,=9-*=.25&(98=4+=.3974):(*)='.;&1;*=85*(.*8=94=*(48>89*28=&3)== -=&);&3(*8=.3=49-*7=945.(8`=8:(-=&8=9&=4342>`=,*3*9.(8=&3)=5->8.414,>`=*88*39.&1=+47= &3>=*(414,.(&1=89:)>=&3)=(438*7;&9.43=&(9.43_
T2_O+ CONSERVATION=STATUS=OF=FRESHWATER=MUSSELS=IN=EUROPEa= STATE=OF=THE=ART`=PERSPECTIVES=AND=FUTURE=CHALLENGES= M&3:*1=L45*88L.2&+`,`=D&;.)=C_=A1)7.),*`=R&+&*1=A7&:/4`=J&04'=B*7,*3,7*3`= Y:1.&=B*85&1&/&`=E7.0&=B).8`=L>:'4;=B:71&04;&`=K&7*1=D4:)&`=J:*7,*3=G*.89`= A1'*79&8=G:780&8`=I&3=K.11**3`=J&83&=L&/93*7`=R48&7.&=L&:(*7.`=B/ 73=L&78*3`=S&'*1&= L4.8`=S9*+&3=L:3)'*7,`=E;*1>3=M4470*38`=G7*,47>=M4=*`=K&718O=4=N&,*1`=M42.7= P&:34;.(`=O3).3&=P&?`=V.3(*39=P7.S`=T*)=;43=P748(-<.9?`=N.(41*=&=R.((&7).`= M&7.8=R:)?.9.8`=M:).9*=R:)?.9*`=M&7>=S*))43`=S;*91&3&=S40414;&`=R43&1)4=S4:8&`= K&9-&7.3&=S94*(01`=T 3:=T&1;.`=F7&30.*=T-.*1*3`=D.70=V&3=D&22*`=S.243*=V&7&3)&8`= H*.37.(-=V.(*39.3.`=K&9&7?>3&=Z&/&(`=T&)*:8?=Z&/&( +CIIMAR8UP=:=I39*7).8(.51.3&7>=C*397*=4+=M&7.3*=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=R*8*&7(-`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P4794`= R:&=)48=B7&,&8=,23`=.*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1 ,ICBAS8UP=:=A'*1=S&1&?&7==B.42*).(&1=S(.*3(*8=I389.9:9*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P4794`=R:&=)*=J47,*=V.9*7'4= F*77*.7&=3_ =,,2`=.*/*8-+-=PORTO=145*81.2&_(..2&7 ,2&.1_(42 F7*8-<&9*7='.;&1;*8=4+=9-*=U3.434.)*&=574;.)*=.25479&39=*(48>89*2=+:3(9.438`=>*9= 2&3>=4+=9-*.7=545:1&9.438=&7*=.3=)*(1.3*_=I3=9-*=57*8*39=<470`=<*=(4257*-*38.;*1>= 7*;.*<=9-*=89&9:8=4+=&11=4+=9-*=(:77*391>=)*8(7.'*)=85*(.*8=.3=E:745*`=&))7*88.3,=9-*.7= 5->14,*3*9.(=&3)=9&=4342.(=7*1&9.438`=9-*.7=).897.':9.43=&3)=(438*7;&9.43=89&9:8`=&8= ABSTRACTS ,*-
<*11=&8=9-*.7=-&'.9&9=57*+*7*3(*8=&3)=2&.3=9-7*&98=.3=47)*7=94=8:,,*89=57485*(9.;*= (438*7;&9.43=&(9.43_=I3+472&9.43=43=9-*=(:77*39=89&9:8=4+=U3.434.)8=.3=E:745*=.8=;*7>= :3*;*31>=).897.':9*)=<.9-=7&9-*7=)*9&.1*)=.3+472&9.43=&;&.1&'1*=+47=R=&,8-.5=85*(.*8= 8:(-= &8= 9-*= +7*8-<&9*7= 5*&71= 2:88*1= M&7,&7.9.+*7&= 2&7,&7.9.+*7&= &3)= 1.=1*= 47= 34= .3+472&9.43=&;&.1&'1*=43=49-*7=85*(.*8_=S.2.1&71>`=.3=(*79&.3=7*,.438=8:(-=&8=9-*=B7.9.8-= I81*8`=9-*=I'*7.&3=P*3.38:1&=&3)=(*397&1=E:745*`=.3+472&9.43=.8=247*=(438.89*39=9-&3= .3=49-*7=5&798=4+=E:745*_=I3=47)*7=94=2&0*=(438*7;&9.43=247*=*S=*(9.;*=.3=9-*=+:9:7*`= <*= 8:,,*89= &= 247*= 89&3)&7).?*)= .39*73&9.43&1= &5574&(-= 94= 8:7;*>.3,= E:745*&3= +7*8-<&9*7='.;&1;*8=9-&9=3**)=94=*3(425&88=247*=*(414,.(&1=&3)=,*3*9.(=)&9&_=
T2_O, CONSERVATION=OF=THE=ENDANGERED=FRESHWATER=HABITATS=UNDER= HIGH=ANTHROPOGENIC=PRESSURE=AROUND=SAINT8PETERSBURG I,47=P454; S&.398P*9*78':7,=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=F&(:19>=4+='.414,>=&3)=84.1=8(.*3(*`=V*79*'7&9*=?4414,>=)*5&792*39`= G74:5=4+=5749*(9*)=&7*&8=7*8*&7(-_=R:88.&=+33*-.=S&.398P*9*78':7,`=U3.;*78.9*980&>&=3_123= T2 .,47.48-&5454; 2&.1_7: R*(*39= 89:).*8= 7*;*&1*)= /= 545:1&9.438= 4+= 5*&71= 2:88*1= &3)= ,= 545:1&9.438= 9-.(08 8-*11*)=2:88*1=.3=9-*=7.;*78=&9=9-*='47)*71.3*=4+=S&.398P*9*78':7,=(.9>=&3)=&)/&(*39= 8*=1*2*398_=M489=4+=9-*2=&7*=82&11`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`=1>3=`=<41+`= R=>.3,=86:.77*1`=842*=7&7*='&98=&184=-&;*='**3=7*(47)*)=.3=82&11=3:2'*78`=842*9.2*8= *;*3= <.9-.3= &3= &)2.3.897&9.;*= '47)*71.3*= 4+= 9-*= (.9>_= T-*8*= :2'7*11&= 85*(.*8= &7*=9.,-91>=(433*(9*)=<.9-=&=-&'.9&9=(439&.3.3,=)*38*=&7'47*&1=;*,*9&9.43=&3)='.,= ;&7.*9>=4+=51&398_=S:(-=-&'.9&98=5*78.89*)=&74:3)=S&.398P*9*78':7,=5&791>='*(&:8*=.9= .8=7*1&9.;*1>=>4:3,=(.9>_=I9=<&8=*89&'1.8-*)=.3=+1*-=.3=*259>=51&(*_=S42*=&7*&8=&74:3)= .9=&7*=89.11=349=)*;*145*)=.39*38.;*1>=&3)=&7*=(4;*7*)='>=3&9:7&1=&7'47*&1=;*,*9&9.43`= <-.(-=.8=:8*)=7&9-*7=*=9*38.;*1>=9-&3=.39*38.;*1>=47=349=:8*)=&9=&11_ C438*7;&9.43=4+=3&9:7&1=;*,*9&9.43=&9=9-*=7.;*7='&308=&3)=)7&.3&,*=&7*&=.8=9-*=2&.3= 7*&843=4+=8:7;.;&1=4+=9-*=7&7*='.;&1;*8_ T<4=3*.,-'4:7=R:88.&3=9*77.947.*8=:=P804;=&3)=N4;,474)=8=)*243897&9*=9-*=45548.9*= 8.9:&9.43a=34<=-:2&3=545:1&9.43=.8=82&11*7=9-*7*`=':9=.9=*=.89*)=4;*7=9-*=5*7.4)=4+= 247*=9-&3=+***=>*&78_=L43,=1&3)=:8*=7*8:19*)=.3=8-&114<.3,=4+=7.;*78=&3)=*=9.3(9.43= 4+=7&7*='.;&1;*8_ ,*. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T2_O- ECOLOGY=AND=CURRENT=STATUS=OF=THE=FRESHWATER=PEARL=MUSSELS= MARGARITIFERA=DAHURICA=MIDDENDORFF`=+2/*=AND=MARGARITIFERA= LAEVIS=HAAS`=+3+*=BIVALVIAa=UNIONOIDEA= IN=THE=FAR=EAST=OF=RUSSIA J:1.&=B*85&1&>&`=I;&3=B41494;`=I1/&=V.0-7*;`=A1*08&3)*7=K43)&04;`=M.0-&.1=G4+&74;`= I7.3&=V4748-.14;&`=I3,&=P&198*7`=A79*2=F7414; I389.9:9*=4+=E(414,.(&1=P74'1*28=4+=9-*=N479-=4+=U7&1=B7&3(-=4+=R:88.&3=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8`= R:88.&`=A70-&3,*180`=+0-***=/'*85&1&/& >&3)*=_7:`=.3*57&8 2&.1_7:`=;.0-7*;.1/& ,2&.1_(42`======&043)&0; >&3)*=_7:`=?:'7- >&3)*=_7:`=.88*7,**;& >&3)*=_7:`=.3,&8*;80 >&3)*=_7:`======&+_&9,( ,2&.1_(42 T-*= (:77*39= 545:1&9.43= 89&9:8= 4+= 9-*= 9<4= F&7= E&89*73= 85*(.*8= M&7,&7.9.+*7&= )&-:7.(&= M.))*3)47S=`=+2/*=&3)=M_=1&*;.8=H&&8`=+3+*=<*7*=89:).*)=.3=7.;*78=+742=S&0-&1.3= I81&3)`=P7.24780>=D.897.(9`=K:3&8-.7=I81&3)=&3)=9-*=K&2(-&90&=P*3.38:1&_=S5*(.*8=4+=9-*= 5*&71=2:88*18=<&8=)*9*72.3*)='>=241*(:1&78,*3*9.(=&3&1>8.8=8*6:*3(.3,=9-*=(>94(-742*= T2 4=.)&8*=8:':3.9=I=COI=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*3*_ W*=&557*(.&9*)=9-*=(:77*39=545:1&9.43=89&9:8=4+=M_=)&-:7.(&=.3=7.;*78=I1.89&>&`=U88:7.='&8.3= 4+=9-*=A2:7=R.;*7=&3)=K42&74;0&=R.;*7='&8.3=4+=R&?)413&/&=R.;*7_T-*=)*38.9>=4+=5*&71= 2:88*1=*_**.=8=-_-=.3)_22,_=T-*=1*3,9-=4+=9-*=8-*118=4+=9-*=2411:808=<&8=,/_.8+0._*=22_ T-*= 545:1&9.438= 4+= M_= 1&*;.8= <*7*= 89:).*)= .3= 7.;*78= +742= S&0-&1.3= I81&3)= L>:94,&`= A)&20&`= A72:)&30&`= T>2`= V4807*8*34;0&`= .3= 9-*= 7.;*78= +742= K:3&8-.7= I81&3)= S*33&/&`=G414;3.3&`=R.(&7)&`=S*7*'7>&30&=&3)=+742=K&2(-&90&=P*3.38:1&=N&(-.14;&= R.;*7_=T-*=)*38.9>=4+=M_=1&*;.8=+742=9-*=L>:94,&=R.;*7=+_.=8=,/_1=.3)_22,_=T-*=8.?*=7&3,*= 4+=1.;.3,=85*(.2*38=<&8=-*_.=8=+,-_/=22_=I3=9-*=7.;*78=T>2`=A)&20&=&3)=A72:)&30&=9-*= )*38.9>=4+=9-*=5*&71=2:88*1=;&7.*)=+742=*_*+=.3)_22,=94=*_,=.3)_22,_=I3=9-*=V4807*8*34;0&= R.;*7=<*=7*(47)*)=&=545:1&9.43=4+=M_=1&*;.8=<.9-=&=)*38.9>=247*=9-&3=0**=.3)_22,`=&3)= 9-*=8&251*8=(439&.3*)=24891>=>4:3,=2:88*18_=T-*=8.?*=7&3,*=4+=1.;.3,=85*(.2*38=<&8= ,/_+=8=+,1_.=22_=T-*=545:1&9.43=)*38.9>=4+=M_=1&*;.8=+742=N&(-.14;&=R.;*7=<&8=*_+3=.3)_2 2,_=T-*=8.?*=7&3,*=4+=1.;.3,=85*(.2*38=<&8=-._280._-1=22_ T-*= 89&9:8= 4+= 545:1&9.438= (&3= '*= (-&7&(9*7.?*)= &8= 8&9.8+&(947>= <.9-= &= ,44)= 1*;*1= 4+= 7*574):(9.43_= R*8*&7(-=8:55479*)='>a=RFBR=,7&39=34_=+,8*.8**/3.8Z`=++8*.8322+/`=,7&39=4+=9-*=R:88.&3= M.3.897>=4+=S(.*3(*=&3)=E):(&9.43`=P7*8.)*39=4+=R:88.&=G7&39=*$8,.//_,*+-_._
T2_O. UNIONID=ASSEMBLAGE=RESPONSE=TO=A=TAR=SANDS=OIL=SPILL= IN=THE=KALAMAZOO=RIVER`=MICHIGAN=USA D&*1>3=A_=W44134:,-+`=S&2&39-&=S_=P&70*7, +B.414,>=D*5&792*39=&3)=I389.9:9*=+47=G7*&9=L&0*8=R*8*&7(-`=C*397&1=M.(-.,&3=U3.;*78.9>`=M4:39= P1*&8&39`=M.(-.,&3=.22/3`=USA=<4413+) (2.(-_*): ,B.414,>=D*5&792*39=&3)=H43478=P74,7&2`=C*397&1=M.(-.,&3=U3.;*78.9>`=M4:39=P1*&8&39`=M.(-.,&3= .22/3`=USA=5&70*,88 (2.(-_*): U3.43.)8=&7*='.4.3).(&9478=4+=<&9*7=6:&1.9>='*(&:8*=4+=9-*.7=Q=19*7=+**).3,=(&5&(.9>=&3)= 8*38.9.;.9>= 94= 5411:9.43_= I3= J:1>= ,*+*= E3'7.),*= 5.5*1.3*= 0B= 7:59:7*)= &3)= 85.11*)= 4;*7= -= 2.11.43=1.9*78=4+=).1:9*)='.9:2*3=4.1=.394=T&12&),*=C7**0`=&=K&1&2&?44=R.;*7=97.':9&7>=3*&7= ABSTRACTS ,*/
M&78-&11`=M.(-.,&3=USAb=9-.8=4.1=R=4<*)=.394=9-*=K&1&2&?44=R.;*7_=T-*=4.1=<&8=(439&.3*)= &9= M4774<= L&0*`= <-.(-= .8= 4;*7= ./= 02= )4<3897*&2= 4+= 9-*= 47.,.3&1= 85.11= .394= T&12&),*= C7**0_=D:7.3,=9-*=8:22*7=4+=,*+,=4:7=89:)>=1440*)=&9=9-*=:3.43.)=&88*2'1&,*8=&9=8.9*8= :5897*&2=3-/`=.3=9-*=4.1=85.11=7*&(-=3-.`=&3)=)4<3897*&2=3--=4+=<-*7*=9-*=4.1=<&8= (439&.3*)_=W*=:8*)=9.2*)`=97&38*(9`=&3)=6:&)7&9=8:7;*>8=94=)*9*72.3*=9-*=&88*2'1&,*`=8.?*= (1&88*8`=,7&;.).9>=&3)=8-*11=)*548.98=&9=&11=8.9*8_=ANOVA=<*7*=:8*)=94=&3&1>?*=&88*2'1&,*`= &':3)&3(*8`=8.?*8`=&3)=8-*11=(4:398_=T:0*>8K7&2*7=54898-4(=9*898=<*7*=:8*)=94=&3&1>?*= <-*7*=9-*=8.,3.Q=(&39=).S=*7*3(*8=4((:77*)=&243,=9-*=8.9*8_=W*=<.11=57*8*39=N432*97.(= M:19.).2*38.43&1= S(&1.3,= NMDS= &3&1>8.8= 4+= 9-*= :3.43.)= &88*2'1&,*= )&9&= &8= <*11= &8= M:19.7*85438*=P*72:9&9.43=P74(*):7*=MRPP=&3&1>8.8=94=8-4<=&3>=89&9.89.(&1=8.,3.Q=(&39= ).S=*7*3(*8= &243,= 9-*= 8.9*8_= O;*7&11`= +*<*7= 1.;*= 85*(.*8= 4+= :3.43.)8= <*7*= +4:3)= .3= 9-*= 85.11=7*,.43=(425&7*)=94=9-*=:5897*&2=&3)=)4<3897*&2=7*,.438_=W-*3=89&3)&7).?*)='>= &7*&=8:7;*>*)=247*=8-*118=<*7*=+4:3)=.3=9-*=85.11=7*,.43=(425&7*)=94=9-*=:5897*&2=&3)= )4<3897*&2=7*,.438=<.9-=1*88=*;.)*3(*=4+=7*574):(9.43=.3=9-*=85.11=7*,.43_=S.?*=(1&88*8`= 9-&9=,*3*7&11>=7*57*8*39=&,*`=8-4<*)=7*8:198=(438.89*39=<.9-=O792&338=L&<=&3)=9-*=R.;*7= C439.3::2= C43(*59_= W*= <.11= ).8(:88= 9-*= (4251*=.9.*8= 4+= :8.3,= :3.43.)= )&9&= 94= &88*88= 7*85438*8=94=4.1=85.118=&3)=57*8*39=8:,,*89.438=+47=+:9:7*=8(*3&7.48_ T2
T2_O/ SUITABILITY=OF=DIFFERENT=MARGARITIFERA=STOCKS= FOR=BIOINDICATION=STUDIES M_=D*3.(`=J_=G*.89 A6:&9.(=S>89*28=B.414,>=U3.9`=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E(48>89*2=M&3&,*2*39`=T*(-3.8(-*= U3.;*78.9&*9=M:*3(-*3`=M:*-1*3<*,=,,`=D82/-/*=F7*.8.3,`=G*72&3>=)*3.( = 85*(.&1.?*)= &3)= 8*38.9.;*= +7*8-<&9*7= '.;&1;*`= <-48*= 8:7;.;&1= .3= 9-*= /:;*3.1*= 5-&8*= .8= .3).(&9.;*= 4+= -.,-= 6:&1.9>= -&'.9&98_= T-.8= (4397.':9.43= .3;*89.,&9*8= 9-*= :8*= 4+= /:;*3.1*= +7*8-<&9*7= 5*&71=2:88*18=&8='.4.3).(&9478`=(438.)*7.3,=9-*=.39*7&(9.438='*9<**3=2:88*1=894(0=&3)= 89:)>=897*&2=9*25*7&9:7*=7*,.2*8_=A=89&3)&7).?*)=(7488=*=5*7.2*39=<&8=(&77.*)=4:9= .3;*89.,&9.3,=/:;*3.1*=2:88*1=,74<9-=&3)=8:7;.;&1=4+=+4:7=).S=*7*39=5*&71=2:88*1=894(08= 47.,.3&9.3,=+742=9-*=R-.3*`=D&3:'*=&3)=E1'*=)7&.3&,*8`=7*57*8*39.3,=).89.3(9=,*3*9.(= (438*7;&9.43=:3.98_=T-*=/:;*3.1*=2:88*18=<*7*=*=548*)=.3=9-*.7=+4:7=3&9.;*=897*&28=&3)= &3= &)).9.43&1= 897*&2= .3= 9-*= D&3:'*= )7&.3&,*_= P*7= 89:)>= 897*&2`= Q=;*= 89&3)&7)= 2*8-= (&,*8=<*7*=.389&11*)_=E&(-=(&,*=(439&.3*)=&3=*6:&1=3:2'*7=4+=/:;*3.1*8=5*7=894(0=.3= 8*5&7&9*=(-&2'*78_=G74<9-=&3)=8:7;.;&1=7&9*8=4+=/:;*3.1*=2:88*18=<*7*=(-*(0*)=&V=*7= 9-7**=&3)=3.3*=2439-8=4+=*=548:7*_ M:88*1= 894(08= ,*3*7&11>= ).S=*7*)= .3= 8:7;.;&1= &3)= ,74<9-= 7&9*8_= AV=*7= 9-7**= 2439-8`= 8:7;.;&1=7&3,*)='*9<**3=+.=&3)=/+=+47=9-*=).S=*7*39=2:88*1=894(08_=A;*7&,*=8:7;.;&1= 7&9*8=).S=*7*)=89743,1>='*9<**3=89:)>=897*&28=<.9-=,*=.3=9-*=W41+89*.3*7=O-*=&3)=.0= .3=9-*=G.*88*3'&(-='49-=.3=9-*=D&3:'*=8>89*2_=AV=*7=9-7**=2439-8=9-*=-.,-*89=,74<9-= 7&9*8=<*7*=)*9*(9*)=.3=9-*=W41+89*.3*7=O-*=<.9-=+2+`=9-*=14<*89=.3=9-*=G.*88*3'&(-= <.9-=+00_=T-*=89743,=.3R=:*3(*=4+=2:88*1=894(0=&3)=89:)>=897*&2=2&0*8=&=(438.)*7&9.43= 4+=9-*8*=+&(9478=4'1.,&947>=+47=9-*=.39*757*9&9.43=4+='.4.3).(&9.43=89:).*8=:8.3,=/:;*3.1*= +7*8-<&9*7=5*&71=2:88*18_=T*89.3,=4+=&19*73&9.;*8=94=3&9.;*=897*&28=2&>=.3(7*&8*=,74<9-= &3)=8:7;.;&1=.3=(&59.;*='7**).3,=574,7&28=:39.1=.25&.7*)=3&9.;*=897*&28=&7*=7*8947*)_ ,*0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T2_O0 DREISSENA=IMPACTS=ON=UNIONIDAEa=A=SYNTHESIS=OF=TRENDS= IN=NORTH=AMERICA=AND=EUROPE=AND=RECENT=FINDINGS= FROM=THE=LOWER=GREAT=LAKES L>:'4;=E_=B:71&04;&+`=A1*=&3)*7=Y_=K&7&9&>*;+`=B7.&33*=L_=T:1:2*114+`= D&;.)=T_=Z&3&=&,`=F7&3(*8=E_=L:(>-`=S*7,*>=E_=M&89.980>. +G7*&9=L&0*8=C*39*7`=SUNY=B:S=&14=S9&9*`=+-**=E12<44)=A;*_`=B:S=&14`=NY=+.,,,`=USA======':71&01* ':S=&1489&9*_*):`=0&7&9&&> ':S=&1489&9*_*):`=9:1:2*'1*+ 2&.1_':S=&1489&9*_*): ,B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=C*397&1=M.(-.,&3=U3.;*78.9>`=M4:39=P1*&8&39`=MI`=.22/3`=USA======?&3&9+) (2.(-_*): -D*5&792*39=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*`=I389.9:9*=4+=T*(-3414,>`=S1.,4`=I7*1&3)=R=:(> .3).,4_.* .RNT=C438:19.3,=I3(_`=2,-=C4:39>=R4&)=-/`=RRK,=P.(943`=O39&7.4=K*K=,T*`=C&3&)&======&1.*38.3'*1&7:8 ,2&.1_(42 T-*=(439.3:*)=.3;&8.43=4+=?*'7&=2:88*18=D7*.88*3&=541>2475-&=&3)=6:&,,&=2:88*18=D7*.88*3&= 74897.+472.8= ':,*38.8= .3= N479-=A2*7.(&= &3)= E:745*= -&8= 9-7*&9*3*)= 9-*= 8:7;.;&1= 4+= 3&9.;*= T2 :3.43.)=2:88*18_=W*=:8*)=)&9&=+742=2:19.51*=<&9*7'4).*8=.3=E:745*=&3)=N479-=A2*7.(&= &9=).S=*7*39=89&,*8=4+=D7*.88*3&=.3;&8.43=94=9*89=9-*=7*1&9.438-.58='*9<**3=9-*=3:2'*7=&3)= <*.,-9=4+=&=&(-*)=?*'7&=2:88*18=5*7=:3.43.)=-489`=)*38.9.*8=4+=)7*.88*3.)8=.3=&=<&9*7'4)>`= &3)=9.2*=8.3(*=.3;&8.43_=W*=+4:3)=&3=4;*7&11=97*3)=+47=.3(7*&8*=4+=&=&(-*)=)7*.88*3.)=<*.,-9= <.9-= :3.43.)= -4898= 8.?*= ):7.3,= 9-*= Q=789= 89&,*= 4+= .3;&8.43`= -4<*;*7`= 9-.8= &);*78*= .25&(9= 7*):(*8='*>43)=+*=>*&78=&V=*7=9-*=.3;&8.43_=W*=&184=1*&73*)=9-&9=<-.1*=.25&(98=4+=?*'7&= 2:88*18=43=:3.43.)8=&7*=<*11=)*8(7.'*)`=9-*7*=.8=1.=1*=(425&7&'1*=)&9&=+47=6:&,,&=2:88*18_= C438.)*7.3,=9-&9=?*'7&=2:88*18=-&;*='**3=&12489=(4251*9*1>=7*51&(*)='>=6:&,,&=2:88*18=.3= 2489=4+=9-*=G7*&9=L&0*8`=&3)=9-*=+&(9=9-&9=6:&,,&=2:88*18=-&;*=<*&0*7=&=&(-2*39=897*3,9-`= <*=->549-*8.?*)=9-&9=9-*=&);*78*=.25&(9=4+=)7*.88*3.)8=43=:3.43.)8=.8=34<=1*88=9-&3=.3=9-*= *&71>=89&,*8=4+=9-*=.3;&8.43_=W*=(43):(9*)=*=9*38.;*=8:7;*>8=4+=:3.43.)8=.3=1&0*8=E7.*`=S9_= C1&.7=&3)=O39&7.4=.3=,*++8,*+,`=&3)=7*(47)*)=9-*=3:2'*7`=<*.,-9`=&3)=85*(.*8=4+=)7*.88*3.)8= &=&(-*)=94=:3.43.)8=8-*118_=C43Q=72.3,=4:7=->549-*8.8`=2489=4+=9-*=:3.43.)8=+4:3)=<*7*=+7**= 4+=)7*.88*3.)8`=&3)=.3+*89*)=:3.43.)8=-&)=+*<*7=&=&(-*)=)7*.88*3.)=2:88*18=9-&3=.3=9-*=*&71>= +33*8_=D*85.9*=9-*=6:&,,&=2:88*18=1&0*8<.)*=)42.3&3(*`=?*'7&=2:88*18=<*7*=247*=4V=*3= +4:3)=43=:3.43.)8`=&3)=9-*.7=3:2'*7=&3)=<*.,-9=5*7=-489=:3.43.)=<*7*=-.,-*7=9-&3=9-48*= 4+=6:&,,&=2:88*18_=
T2_O1 IMPACTS=OF=DREISSENA=FOULING=ON=THE=PHYSIOLOGICAL=CONDITION OF=NATIVE=AND=NON8NATIVE=BIVALVESa= INTERSPECIFIC=AND=TEMPORAL=VARIATIONS E_=B).8+`=B_=T9-+`=R_=S4:8&,`- +MTA=C*397*=+47=E(414,.(&1=R*8*&7(-`=D&3:'*=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=J@;470&=S_=:_=+.`=,+-+`=G)`=H:3,&7>= '4).8_*7.0& 40414,.&_29&_-: ,CBMA=8=C*397*=4+=M41*(:1&7=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=B.414,>`=D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M.3-4`= C&25:8=)*=G:&19&7`=.1+*8*/1=B7&,&`=P479:,&1 -CIIMAR2CIMAR=8=I39*7).8(.51.3&7>=C*397*=4+=M&7.3*=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=R*8*&7(-`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P4794`= R:&=)48=B7&,&8=,23`=P=.*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1 T-*=.25&(9=4+=D7*.88*3&=+4:1.3,=43=:3.43.)8=-&8='**3=8(&7(*1>=89:).*)=.3=E:745*=)*85.9*= 9-*=+&(9=9-&9=.3=842*=*(48>89*28=*_,_=L&0*=B&1&943`=H:3,&7>=.3+*89&9.438=4+=8*;*7&1= ABSTRACTS ,*1
-:3)7*)8=94=&=9-4:8&3)=.3).;.):&18=5*7=:3.43.)=-&;*='**3=4'8*7;*)_=A9=57*8*39`=9-*= ?*'7&=2:88*1=D_=541>2475-&=.8=89.11=&=)42.3&39=85*(.*8=.3=L&0*=B&1&943`=&3)=.3=1&89= )*(&)*=9-7**=49-*7=34383&9.;*='.;&1;*=85*(.*8=<*7*=.3974):(*)=549*39.&11>=.3(7*&8.3,= 9-*= 57*88:7*= 43= 3&9.;*= :3.43.)= 8:7;.;&1_= W*= *=&2.3*)= <-*9-*7= 9-*= +4:1.3,= 4+= )7*.88*3.)8=?*'7&=&3)=6:&,,&=D_=':,*38.8=2:88*18b=&19-4:,-=9-.8=1&89=85*(.*8=.8=89.11= +4:3)=.3=14<=)*38.9>=-&8=-&72+:1=.25&(98=43=3&9.;*=A34)439&=&3&9.3&`=U3.4=5.(947:2= &3)= U3.4= 9:2.):8= &3)= 34383&9.;*= C47'.(:1&= R=:2.3*&= &3)= S.3&34)439&= <44).&3&= '.;&1;*8=&3)=<-*9-*7=9-*7*=&7*=&3>=.39*785*(.Q=(=&3)=9*2547&1=;&7.&9.438=.3=+4:1.3,= .39*38.9>=&3)=5->8.414,.(&1=(43).9.43=)*9*72.3*)='>=&=89&3)&7)=(43).9.43=.3)*==&3)= ,1>(4,*3=(439*39_=A=8.,3.Q=(&39=)*1*9*7.4:8=.25&(9=4+=D7*.88*3&=+4:1.3,=<&8=)*9*(9*)= 43=9-*=5->8.414,.(&1=(43).9.43=4+=3&9.;*=:3.43.)8=.3=J:1>=247*=57434:3(*)=.3= A_= &3&9.3&=&3)=S*59*2'*7=247*=57434:3(*)=.3='49-=U3.4=85*(.*8`=<-*3=9-*=.3+*89&9.43= 7&9*=<&8=-.,-_=F47=34383&9.;*=85*(.*8`=S.3&34)439&=<44).&3&=-&)=9-*=1&7,*89=*3*7,>= 7*8*7;*8`=':9=&=8.,3.Q=(&39=3*,&9.;*=.25&(9=<&8=)*9*(9*)=43=.98=5->8.414,.(&1=89&9:8= :3)*7=&=-.,-=1*;*1=4+=)7*88*3.)=.3+*89&9.43b=+47=C_=R=:2.3*&`=34=8.,3.Q=(&39=.25&(9=43= 9-*=5->8.414,.(&1=(43).9.43=<&8=)*9*(9*)_=O;*7&11`=9-.8=89:)>=(43Q=728=9-&9=D7*.88*3&= 2&>= 9-7*&9*3= :3.43.)= 85*(.*8= .3(1:).3,= 9-*= .3;&8.;*= S_= <44).&3&`= &19-4:,-= -.,-= T2 .39*785*(.Q=(=&3)=9*2547&1=;&7.&9.438=<*7*=4'8*7;*)_=T-.8=8.9:&9.43=8-4:1)='*=9&0*3= .3= &((4:39= .3= +:9:7*= *(414,.(&1= &3)= (438*7;&9.43&1= &88*882*398= '*(&:8*= 85*(.*8= 7*8543)=).S=*7*391>=94=D7*.88*3&=+4:1.3,=&3)=*S=*(98=8**2=94='*=247*=57434:3(*)=.3= 1&9*=8:22*72*&71>=&:9:23_=
T2_O2 CORBICULA=FLUMINEA=IMPACT=IN=LAKE=MAGGIORE=ITALYa= FEEDING=PLASTICITY=AND=DIETARY=OVERLAP=WITH=NATIVE=MUSSELS I7*3*=G:&73*7.`=A1.(*=C&7)*((.&`=R48&7.&=L&:(*7.`=L>:)2.1&=K&2':780&`=A33&= V.8(439.`=M&7.3&=M&3(&`=N.(41*=&=R.((&7).= CNR8ISE=:=I389.9:9*=4+=E(48>89*2=S9:)>`=L&7,4=T43411.=/*`=,23,,=V*7'&3.&=P&11&3?&`=I9&1>= ._,:&73*7. .8*_(37_.9b=&_(&7)*((.& .8*_(37_.9`=7_1&:(*7. .8*_(37_.9`=1_0&2':780& .8*_(37_.9`= &_;.8(439. .8*_(37_.9`=2_2&3(& .8*_(37_.9`=3_7.((&7). .8*_(37_.9 F**).3,= 51&89.(.9>= 4+= C47'.(:1&= R=:2.3*&= .8= 5488.'1>= 4+= 2&/47= .25479&3(*= +47= 8:((*88+:11>=(425*9.3,=.3).,*34:8='.;&1;*8=.3=L&0*=M&,,.47*=I9&1>`=9-:8=574249.3,= 4;*7)42.3&9.43=4+=9-*=&1.*3=85*(.*8=.3=9-*=&7*&_=AV=*7=.98=Q=789=)*9*(9.43=.3=,*+*`=4:7= 89:).*8=43=85&9.&1=&3)=9*2547&1=)>3&2.(8=4+=&':3)&3(*`='.42&88=&3)=545:1&9.43= 897:(9:7*= 7*;*&1*)= 9-&9= 9-*= 3*<(42*7= 857*&)8= 94= 4;*7= +2-= 4+= 9-*= 1&0*= 1.=47&1`= 7*&(-.3,+*-.3)28,=.3=9-7**=>*&78_=A=(425&7.843=<.9-=-.8947.(&1=)&9&=*;.)*3(*)=&= 89743,= )*(1.3*= 4+= 9-*= 2489= &':3)&39= 3&9.;*= 2:88*1= 85*(.*8= U3.4= 2&3(:8`= <-48*= &(9:&1=)*38.9>=.8=7*):(*)=4+=&'4:9=1/=&V=*7=C47'.(:1&=*89&'1.8-2*39_=A19-4:,-=3&9.;*= 2:88*1= )*51*9.43= (&3349= '*= :3*6:.;4(&11>= &=7.':9*)= 94= 9-*= .25&(9= 4+= C47'.(:1&`= (-&3,*= .3= '.;&1;*= 85*(.*8= )42.3&3(*= .8= *=5*(9*)= 94= .25&(9= *(48>89*2= 897:(9:7*= &3)= +:3(9.43.3,_= U3)*789&3).3,= 9-*= *(414,.(&1= 741*= 4+= .3;&8.;*23&9.;*= 85*(.*8= .8= *88*39.&1=+47=57*).(9.3,=-4<=9-*=*(48>89*2=2.,-9='*=&19*7*)=&V=*7=9-*=.3;&8.43_=T4= 9-.8=&.2`=<*=(425&7*)=)&.1>=Q=197&9.43=7&9*8=&3)=+44)=85*(97&=4+=9-*=9<4=(425*9.94788= U_=2&3(:8=&3)=C_=R=:2.3*&_=F.197&9.43=7&9*8=<*7*=2*&8:7*)='>=9-*=(1*&7&3(*=2*9-4)= :3)*7=).S=*7*39=*=5*7.2*39&1=(43).9.438=&3)=4;*7=9-*=<-41*=).:73&1=(>(1*_=D.*9&7>= 84:7(*8=&3)=9745-.(=3.(-*=4;*71&5=<*7*=)*9*72.3*)='>=C`=N=89&'1*=.84945*=&3&1>8*8= ,*2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
4+=84V==9.88:*8=4+=47,&3.828=(411*(9*)=&143,=9-*=8*&843=&3)=&9=).S=*7*39=)*;*1452*39&1= 89&,*8_= P7*1.2.3&7>= 7*8:198= 8:,,*89= 9-&9= 8:((*88= 4+= C47'.(:1&= .8= &184= 7*1&9*)= 94= .98= &'.1.9>=94=8-.V==).*9=57*+*7*3(*8=&143,=9-*=8*&8438_=C47'.(:1&=8**28=94=89&3)=&17*&)>=&8= &=0*>8943*=1.=47&1=85*(.*8=.3=L&0*=M&,,.47*`=1.0*1>='*.3,=&=89743,=(425*9.947=+47=85&(*= &3)=+44)=94=3&9.;*=2:88*18=._*_=U3.4=2&3(:8_
T2_O3 INFLUENCE=OF=WATER=TEMPERATURE=AND=TURBIDITY= ON=SPAWNING=OF=THE=THREATENED=FRESHWATER=PEARL=MUSSEL= MARGARITIFERA=MARGARITIFERA M&79.3=E_=Ö89*71.3, D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=K&7189&)=U3.;*78.9>`=SE=0/+=22=K&7189&)`=S<*)*3=2&79.3_489*71.3, 0&:_8* A'.49.(= ).89:7'&3(*8= (&:8*= )*(1.3*= &3)= *=9.3(9.43= 4+= 9-7*&9*3*)= 85*(.*8_= T-*= 57*8*39=89:)>=.3;*89.,&9*)=-4<=,7&;.)=2:88*18=4+=M&7,&7.9.+*7&=2&7,&7.9.+*7&=<*7*= .25&(9*)='>=8:(-=).89:7'&3(*8_==I9=<&8=&=14<*7=5745479.43=4+=,7&;.)=2:88*18=.3= T2 897*&28=<.9-=9-&3=.3=897*&28=<.9-4:9=7*(7:.92*39=&9=&3=*&71>=85&<3.3,=)&9*`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`=&3)=1&7;&1=7*1*&8*=+742=9-*=-489=+.8-= ):7.3,=<.39*7=.3=897*&28=<.9-4:9=7*(*39=7*(7:.92*39`=<-.(-=.8=&=9.2*=4+='&)=,74<9-= (43).9.438=+47=9-*=/:;*3.1*=2:88*18_=C1*&78(:9=&3)=,14'&1=<&72.3,=&7*=+&(9478=9-&9= &7*=1.0*1>=94=(&:8*=.3(7*&8*)=8*).2*39&9.43=&3)=<&9*7=9*25*7&9:7*8=.3=897*&28_=O3*= 7*8947&9.43=2*&8:7*=9-&9=2&>=7*):(*=9-*=8*).2*39=.35:9=&3)=<&9*7=9*25*7&9:7*8= .8=.39&(9=;*,*9&9.43=8:774:3).3,=9-*=897*&28_=I9=.8=:7,*39=9-&9=8:(-=2*&8:7*8=89&79= 8443=&8=.9=2&>=9&0*=&=143,=9.2*=:39.1=8:(-=7*-&'.1.9&9.43=2*&8:7*8=-&;*=&3=*++*(9= .3= 897*&28_= M*&3<-.1*`= 7*).897.':9.43= 4+= &):19= 2:88*18= +742= 85&78*= 94= )*38*= 545:1&9.438=.8=43*=459.43=9-&9=2&>='*=<479-=9*89.3,=94=.3(7*&8*=9-*=3:2'*78=4+= ,7&;.)=2:88*18_=
T2_O+* INTERACTIONS=BETWEEN=FRESHWATER=MUSSELS=AND=THEIR=HOST= FISHESa=IMPLICATIONS=FOR=CONSERVATION J:*7,*3=G*.89`=J*388E.0*=T&*:'*79 A6:&9.(=S>89*28=B.414,>=U3.9`=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E(48>89*2=M&3&,*2*39`= T*(-3.8(-*=U3.;*78.9C9=M33(-*3`=M3-1*3<*,=,,`=2/-/.=F7*.8.3,`=G*72&3>=,*.89 (1*_=T-.8=(4397.':9.43=-.,-1.,-98=-4<=(438*7;&9.43=4+='49-=2:88*18=&3)=9-*.7=+.8-= -4898=(&3='*3*+.9=+742=&3=:3)*789&3).3,=4+=9-.8=.39*7&(9.43_=S9&3)&7).?*)=1&'47&947>= .3+*(9.438=4+=).++*7*39=+.8-=85*(.*8=&3)=,*3*9.(=1.3*&,*8=<.9-=,14(-.).&=1&7;&*=4+=9-*= E:745*&3=+7*8-<&9*7=5*&71=2:88*1=M&7,&7.9.+*7&=2&7,&7.9.+*7&=&3)=9-*=9-.(088-*11*)= 7.;*7=2:88*1=U3.4=(7&88:8=7*;*&1*)=.=8:'89&39.&1=.397&8=&3)=.39*785*(.+.(=;&7.&9.43= ABSTRACTS ,*3
.3=-489=8:.9&'.1.9>`=..=).++*7*39=)*;*1452*39=9.2*8=43=).++*7*39=-489=85*(.*8`=...= 9*25*7&9:7*= 9-7*8-41)8= 4+= 8:((*88+:1= ,14(-.).&= )*;*1452*39`= &3)= .;= 459.2:2= .3+*89&9.43= )*38.9.*8= 4+= -4898= <.9-= ,14(-.).&= +47= 894(0.3,= 4+= ,14(-.).&8.3+*89*)= +.8-*8= &3)= +47= (&59.;*= 2:88*1= '7**).3,_= A8= *;.)*39= +742= .3(7*&8*)= 2479&1.9>= &3)=)*(7*&8*)=8<.22.3,=5*7+472&3(*=&9=-.,-=,14(-.).&1=.3+*(9.43=)*38.9.*8`=9-*= .39*7&(9.43='*9<**3=2:88*18=&3)=9-*.7=-489=+.8-*8=.8=(1*&71>=4+=5&7&8.9.(=3&9:7*_=D&9&= 43=-489=8:.9&'.1.9>`=&;&.1&'.1.9>=&3)=:8*=+742=9-*=<.1)=8:,,*89=9-&9=).++*7*39=+.8-*7.*8= 2&3&,*2*39=897&9*,.*8=&7*=3**)*)=94='*99*7=(438*7;*='49-=*3)&3,*7*)=2:88*1=&3)= +.8-=545:1&9.438_=T-.8=.8=5&79.(:1&71>=97:*=+47=9-*=+.8-=-4898=4+=U3.4=(7&88:8=<-.(-= -&;*=4+9*3='**3=(438.)*7*)=:3)*8.7*)=+.8-=85*(.*8_=
T2_O++ THE=EFFECTS=OF=FRESHWATER=MUSSEL=GLOCHIDIA=ON=FISH=HOST= BEHAVIOURa=CONSEQUENCES=FOR=UPSTREAM=PHORESIS P&;*1=H470>+`=K&7*1=D4:)&+`=M&90)=M&(.&0+`,`=L.'47=Z@;470&-`=O3)$*/=S1&;c0+ +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>=&3)=F.8-*7.*8`=F&(:19>=4+=A,74'.414,>=F44)=&3)=N&9:7&1=R*84:7(*8`=C?*(-= T2 U3.;*78.9>=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=P7&,:*`=K&2>(0@=+,3`=P7&,:*`=CZ=+0/=,+`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=5&;*1_ -470>_7 ,2&.1_(42`=0_)4:)& ,2&.1_(42`=481&;.0 &+_(?:_(? ,D*5&792*39=4+=M&9-*2&9.(&1=&3)=S9&9.89.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=A1'*79&`=++0= S9_=&3)=2/=A;*_`=E)243943`=AB`=C&3&)&=T0G=,R-=2&(.&0 :&1'*79&_(& -D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=G49-*3':7,`=B4==.0-`=.*/=-*=G9*'47,`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`= 7&9*= 4+= 857*&).3,= 8= :5897*&2= ).85*78&1`= .3897*&2= -&'.9&9= 57*+*7*3(*8= <.9-=5488.'1*=(438*6:*3(*8=+47=:5897*&2=5-47*8.8_=O3*=1&'47&947>=&3)=9<4=+.*1)= *=5*7.2*398=.3=&=(*397&1=E:745*&3=7.;*7=<*7*=(43):(9*)=94=&))7*88=9-*8*=.88:*8= :8.3,=5&88.;*=.39*,7&9*)=97&38543)*7=PIT=8>89*28=&3)=7&).489*1*2*97>_=I3+*(9*)= +.8-=<*7*=+4:3)=94='*=,*3*7&11>=1*88=&(9.;*=.3=9-*=1&'47&947>=&3)=1*88=8:((*88+:1=.3= :5897*&2=).85*78&1=+742=.841&9*)=897*9(-*8=.3=9-*=+.*1)_=M47*4;*7`=7&).489*1*2*97>= 7*;*&1*)=-&'.9&9=8-.+98=4+=9-*=.3+*(9*)=+.8-=+:79-*7=+742=9-*=7.;*7'&30_=T-*8*=7*8:198= 8:,,*89=9-&9=,14(-.).&82*).&9*)=+.8-='*-&;.4:7&1=(-&3,*8=1.0*1>=)4=349=8:55479=9-*= 857*&)=4+=,14(-.).&=4;*7=143,=).89&3(*8=':9=7&9-*7=(&:8*=7*):(9.438=.3=+.8-=&(9.;.9>= &3)=81.,-9=-&'.9&9=8-.+98`=<-.(-=2.,-9='*='*3*+.(.&1=+47=9-*=8:7;.;&1=4+=-489=&3)= 9-*=&884(.&9*)=2:88*1=1&7;&*_=O:7=89:)>=)*243897&9*8=9-*=.25479&3(*=4+=5&7&8.9*8 .3):(*)=&19*7&9.438=4+=-489='*-&;.4:7=+47=:3.43.)='.;&1;*8_ S9:)>=<&8=8:55479*)='>=9-*=C?*(-=S(.*3(*=F4:3)&9.43=+-8*/21,S=&3)=ESF2MMT= CZ_+_*12,_-_**2-*_**.*_ ,+* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T2_O+, RESCUING=FRESHWATER=PEARL=MUSSELS=MARGARITIFERA= MARGARITIFERA=FROM=EXTINCTION=8=A=RACE=AGAINST=TIMEa A=CASE=STUDY=FROM=NORTHERN=IRELAND M&70=H47943+`=A1&3=K*>8+`=F7&3(.8=D*3.8=M.9(-*11+`=R*'*((&=K>1*,`=D&.=R4'*798, +B&11.3)*77>=F.8-=H&9(-*7>=L9)b=,*2=O77.947=R4&)`=C440894<3`=C4:39>=T>743*`=N479-*73=I7*1&3)_=UK= 2&70 'Z=97:89_47, ,Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=M*).(&1=B.414,>=C*397*`31=L.8':73=R4&)`= B*1+&89`=N479-*73=I7*1&3)_=BT3=1BL`=UK=70>1**/ 6:'_&(_:0`=)_74'*798 6:'_&(_:0 R*8*&7(-=.3=9-*=+33*8=43=9-*=89&9:8=&3)=).897.':9.43=4+=.3=9-*=3479-=4+=I7*1&3)=*;.)*3(*)= 8.,3.Q=(&39=)*(1.3*8_=R*2&.3.3,=545:1&9.438=<*7*=)42.3&9*)='>=41)*7=.3).;.):&18=&3)= 8-4<*)=1.=1*=*;.)*3(*=4+=7*(7:.92*39_=T-*8*=Q=3).3,8=1*)=94=9-*=*89&'1.8-2*39=4+=S5*(.&1= A7*&8= 4+= C438*7;&9.43= &3)= S5*(.*8= A(9.43= P1&38= SAC8b= SAP8= 94= 5749*(9= 2:88*18_= E89.2&9*8=4+=<-*3=9-*=>4:3,*89=.3).;.):&18=.3=9-*=545:1&9.438=<4:1)=).*=8:,,*89*)= T2 9-&9=FWPM=<4:1)='*(42*=*=9.3(9=.3=N479-*73=I7*1&3)='>=,*2*_=M47*=7*(*39=7*8*&7(-`= <-.(-= :8*)= 34381.3*&7= 14,.89.(= 7*,7*88.43= 94= 24)*1= *=9.3(9.43= 97&/*(947.*8= +47= 2:88*1= 545:1&9.43=.3=9-*=UK=&3)=I7*1&3)`=57*).(9*)=&=81.,-91>=1&9*7=*=9.3(9.43=)&9*=,+**_=I3= &)).9.43`=241*(:1&7=).S=*7*3(*8='*9<**3=2:88*1=545:1&9.438=+742=).S=*7*39=(&9(-2*398= -&;*= '**3= .)*39.Q=*)_= S:(-= Q=3).3,8= *25-&8.8*= 9-*= :7,*39= 3**)= +47= (&9(-2*398'&8*)= 5749*(9.43=&3)=7*8947&9.43=4+=545:1&9.438=8-4<.3,=&((*1*7&9.3,=)*(1.3*8_ K*>= &5574&(-*8= 94= 9-*= 7*8947&9.43= 4+= *3)&3,*7*)= 85*(.*8= .3(1:)*= 5749*(9.43`= -&'.9&9= .2574;*2*39=&3)=(&59.;*='7**).3,`=9-*=2*9-4)=4+=1&89=7*8479_=P749*(9.43=.8=574;.)*)= :3)*7=SAC8=':9=.8=:31.0*1>=.98*1+=94=1*&)=94=3&9:7&1=7*(4;*7>_=T-.8=.8='*(&:8*=545:1&9.438= 4+=5*&71=2:88*18=.3=N479-*73=I7*1&3)=+&(*=*=9.3(9.43=.3=9-*=8-47989*72=&8=7*574):(9.43= &3)=2:88*1=-&'.9&9=&7*=(425742.8*)_=B*(&:8*=7.;*7=(&9(-2*398=&7*=8:'/*(9=94=(4251*== .39*7&(9.3,=.25&(98=8:(-=&8=8.19&9.43=):*=94=1&3)=)7&.3&,*=&3)=7:3=4S==+742=&,7.(:19:7*= &3)=+47*897>`=-&'.9&9=.2574;*2*39=<.11=9&0*=2&3>=>*&78=&3)=.8=:31.0*1>=94=4((:7='*+47*= 9-*=57*).(9*)=)&9*=4+=*=9.3(9.43_=A=8:((*88+:1=(&59.;*='7**).3,=.3;41;.3,=(411&'47&9.43= '*9<**3= B&11.3)*77>= F.8-= H&9(-*7>= &3)= Q:**38= U3.;*78.9>`= B*1+&89= 7*8:19*)= .3= 7*.3974):(9.43=4+=2:88*18=&9=9<4=8.9*8=.3=9-*=B&11.3)*77>=(&9(-2*39_= F:9:7*=<470=<.11=.3;41;*=(&9(-2*39=7*8947&9.43`=(&59.;*='7**).3,=&3)=9-*=*89&'1.8-2*39= 4+=8&3(9:&7>=8.9*8=<-*7*=545:1&9.438=(42548*)=4+=.841&9*)=.3).;.):&18=+742=9-*=7.;*7= &3)= /:;*3.1*8= +742= 9-*= (&59.;*= '7**).3,= 574,7&22*= <.11= '*= *89&'1.8-*)= := &= 34;*1= &5574&(-=<-.(-=549*39.&11>=-&8=<.)*7=&551.(&9.43=.3=E:745*_=
T2_O+- SUCCESSFUL=CAPTIVE=REARING=OF=MARGARITIFERA=MARGARITIFERAa= DO=WE=KNOW=ENOUGH J4&6:.2=R*.8+`,`=S&3)7&=V.*.7&,`=A1*=&3)7.3&=P.5&, +I389.9:94=P479:,:U8=)*=M&1&(414,.&`=Z442&7.3*`=EN+,/`=K2=0/=G:.&`=2,*+820.=A1':+*.7&`=P479:,&1= /4&67*.8 ,2&.1_(42 ,Q:*7(:8`=C*3974=)*=I39*757*9&OD4=A2'.*39&1=)*=O:7S2`=M&9&=M:3.(.5&1`=,.3*8***=O:7S2`=P479:,&1 T-*= +7*8-<&9*7= 5*&71= 2:88*1= M&7,&7.9.+*7&= 2&7,&7.9.+*7&= .8= &3= *3)&3,*7*)= 85*(.*8= 5749*(9*)=.3=E:745*='>=9-*=H&'.9&98=D.7*(9.;*=&3)=B*73=C43;*39.43_=A=*2598=94=7*8947*= 9-7*&9*3*)=545:1&9.438=:8.3,=(&59.;*=7*&7.3,=574,7&28=-&;*=.3(7*&8*)=):7.3,=9-*=1&89= ABSTRACTS ,++
(4:51*=4+=)*(&)*8`=<.9-=;&7.&'1*=8:((*88_=I3=9-*=+7&2*=4+=9-*=L.+*(=574/*(9=ECOTONE=:= M&3&,*2*39=4+=7.5&7.&3=-&'.9&98=94<&7)8=9-*=(438*7;&9.43=4+=*3)&3,*7*)=.3;*79*'7&9*8= LIFE+*= NAT2PT2****1-`= &= 545:1&9.43= 14(&9*)= &9= 9-*= 7.;*7= P&.;&= .3= P479:,&1= <&8= 9&7,*9*)=+47=7*8947&9.43`=.3(1:).3,=H&'.9&9=.2574;*2*39=&3)=&=(&59.;*=7*&7.3,=574,7&2_= T-*= 2*9-4)8= :8*)= <-*7*= '&8*)= .3= 57*;.4:8= 89:).*8`= ':9= ,7&;.)= +*2&1*8= <*7*= 431>= (411*(9*)=<-*3=,14(-.).&=<*7*=(438.)*7*)=2&9:7*=&3)=:8*)=.22*).&9*1>=94=.3+*89=9-*= Q=8-_=C422*7(.&11>=&(6:.7*)=974:98=&,*)=*(=<*7*=:8*)=&3)=0*59=.3=R=4<=9-74:,-=8>89*28= ):7.3,=<.39*7_=T*25*7&9:7*=<&8=349=2&3.5:1&9*)=):7.3,=9-*=5&7&8.9.(=&3)=*=(.892*39= 5*7.4)8_= N4= *;.)*3(*= 4+= 8.,3.Q=(&39= ,14(-.).&= 1488= ):7.3,= 9-*= 5&7&8.9.(= 89&,*= <&8= )*9*(9*)`=7*8:19.3,=.3=-.,-=/:;*3.1*=)74584S==5*7=Q=8-_=E=(.892*39=8**2*)=94='*=97.,,*7*)= '49-='>=&((:2:1&9*)=9*25*7&9:7*8=D&>8D*,7**=(43(*59=&3)=9*25*7&9:7*=;&7.&9.438_= E=(.892*39=<&8=&(-.*;*)=<.9-4:9=3**)=4+=&=57*;.4:8=+/ C=5*7.4)_=J:;*3.1*8=<*7*=7*&7*)= .3=).;*78*=(43).9.438=(148*)245*3=8>89*28`=57*8*3(*2&'8*3(*=4+=8:'897&9*`=+44)=9>5*= &3)= 8:7;.;&1= &3)= ,74<9-= 5&=*738= (425&7*)_= T-*= 7*8:198= 8:55479= 9-*= .25479&3(*= 4+= <*118*89&'1.8-*)=57494(418=&8=(148*=94=3&9:7&1=(43).9.438=&8=5488.'1*_
T2_O+. T2 SALMONID=FISH=HATCHERIES=OF=THE=WHITE=SEA=AS=FRESHWATER=PEARL= MUSSEL=MARGARITIFERA=MARGARITIFERA=L_`=+1/2=BREEDING=STATIONS I1>&=V.0-7*;`=I;&3=B41494;`=Y:1.&=B*85&1&>&`=A1*08&3)7=K43)&04;`======A79>42=F7414;`=I3,&=P&198*7 +0-***`=R:88.&`=A70-&3,*180`=S*;*734>=D;.3>=*2'_=,-=I389.9:9*=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=P74'1*28=4+=9-*= N479-=;.0-7*;.1/& ,2&.1_(42`=.3*57&8 2&.1_7:`=/'*85&1&>& >&3)*=_7:`=&043)&0; >&3)*=_7:`======&+_&9,( ,2&.1_(42`=.3,&8*;80 >&3)*=_7: T-*=+7*8-<&9*7=5*&71=2:88*1=M&7,&7.9.+*7&=2&7,&7.9.+*7&=L_`=+1/2=.8=&3=*3)&3,*7*)=85*(.*8=.3= .98=*39.7*=).897.':9.43=&7*&a=2489=545:1&9.438=&7*=)*(1.3.3,`=).8&55*&7.3,=&3)=&7*=4;*7&,*_= O31>=842*=545:1&9.438=.3=E:745*`=.3(1:).3,=9-*=N479-*73=5&79=4+=R:88.&`=-&;*=&=3&9:7&1= (&5&'.1.9>=+47=7*(4;*7>_ M&.3= 7*&8438= &7*= )*,7&)&9.43= 4+= 3&9:7&1= *(48>89*28= &3)= )*57*88.3,= 4+= 545:1&9.438= 4+= 5*&71=2:88*1=-489=Q=8-*8_ A':3)&3(*=4+=8&1243.)=545:1&9.438=.3=9-*=7.;*78=4+=9-*=W-.9*=S*&=(4&89=.8='*.3,=8:55479*)= '>= Q=8-= -&9(-*7.*8= +47= &= 143,= 9.2*_= H4<*;*7`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ÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
.8=9-&9=7*1*&8.3,=4+=43*8>*&7=8&12438=+(='>=O3*?-80>=Q=8-=-&9(-*7>=<&8=89&79*)=.3=+301_= A8=&=7*8:19=9-*=&':3)&3(*=4+=>4:3,=8&12438=<.9-.3=NSA=.8='*14<=9-*=2.3.2&1=1*;*1=&3)= 5*&71=2:88*1=7*(7:.92*39=-&8=89455*)_ R*8*&7(-=8:55479*)='>a=P7*8.)*39=4+=R:88.&=G7&39=*8.+0._,*++_/`=RFBR=,7&398=E=+,8 *.8**/3.8Z`=E=++8*.8322+/8b]bZ`=E=+-8*.8+*+*1b=U7&1=B7&3(-=4+=RAS=,7&398=E= +,8.8/8+*+.`=E=+,858/8+*,,`=E=+,8*8./8,*0,`=E=+,8/818**3b=F*)*7&1=P74,7&2=K&)7>= E=200*`=E=211.`=E=+.+-,,++*,-_
T2_O+/ CONSERVATION=OF=TWO=EUROPEAN=ENDANGERED=FRESHWATER= MUSSELS_=A=THREE=YEARS=BREEDING=EXPERIMENT R_=A7&:/4+`=M_=C&2548,`=C_=F*4,`=Q_=P4:, +D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.4).;*78.)&)=>=B.414,c&=E;41:9.;&`=M:8*4=N&(.43&1=)*=C.*3(.&8=N&9:7&1*8=CSIC`= C_2=J48S=G:9.S77*?=A'&8(&1=,_=E8,2**0_=M&)7.)=S5&.3=7&+&*1 23(3_(8.(_*8 ,C43847(.=)*=1E89&3>_=P1&?&=)*18=E89:).8=,_=E8+12,*_=B&3>41*8`=G.743&=S5&.3======2(&2548 (43847(.)*1*89&3>_47,`=(+*4 (43847(.)*1*89&3>_47,`=654: (43847(.)*1*89&3>_47, T2 W*=57*8*39=9-*=7*8:198=4'9&.3*)=8.3(*=,*+*=94=,*+-=7*&7.3,=U3.4=7&;4.8.*7.=D*8-&>*8`=+2.1= &3)=U_=2&3(:8=L&2&7(0`=+2+3=:3)*7=9-*=PROYECTO=ESTANY=LIFE=(=574,7&22*= 4+= 9-*= E:745*&3= U3.43a= LIFE*2= NAT2E2****12_= T-*8*= 9<4= 85*(.*8= <*7*= .3(1:)*)= :3)*7=9-*=3&2*=U_=*143,&9:1:8=C_=P+*.S=*7`=+2,/`=43*=4+=9-*=9<4=:3.43.)8=(4;*7*)='>=9-*= J&'.9&98=D.7*(9.;*`=9-*=2&.3=E:745*&3=1&<=+47=+&:3&=5749*(9.43_=T-*=*=5*7.*3(*8=-&;*= '*.3,= (&77.*)= 4:9= .3= 9-*= '7**).3,= +&(.1.9.*8= )*8.,3*)= &9= 9-*= B&3>41*8= L&0*= .3= G.743&= N479-=E&89=S5&.3`=<-*7*=9-*=3&.&)=545:1&9.438=&7*=.3=8*7.4:8=)*(1.3*_=U3.4=2&3(:8= .8= &184= ).897.':9*)= 9-74:,-4:9= 9-*= M*).9*77&3*&3= 7.;*78= 4+= I'*7.&= &3)= F7&3(*= &3)= U_= 7&;4.8.*7.= 431>= 1.;*8= .3= 9-*= 2*39.43*)= 1&0*= &3)= 9-*= 3*.,-'4:7= F1:;.@= B&8.3b= 9-*7*= &7*= 49-*7=545:1&9.438=.3=9-*=7.;*78=4+=T:3.8.&=&3)=A1,*7.&_ T-*= 2&.3= .334;&9.43= 4+= 9-*= '7**).3,= +&(.1.9.*8`= &= 1&'47&947>= <.9-= .3)447= 9&308= &3)= (&3&18`= &3)= 4:9)447= 54418= &3)= (&3&18`= .8= 9-*= 3&9:7&1= 34:7.8-2*39= +47= 9-*= 3*<'473= 3&.&)=/:;*3.1*8`=<-.(-=(42*8=+742=9-*=1&0*=<&9*7=&3)=8*).2*39_=A19-4:,-=9-*=9-7**= 1&0*=3&9.;*=Q=8-=85*(.*8=B&7':8=2*7.).43&1.8`=S6:&1.:8=1&.*9&3:8=&3)=S&1&7.&=R=:;.&9.1.8=&7*= 8:((*88+:1=-4898=+47=9-*=3&.&)8=,14(-.).&`='&7'*18=&7*=247*=*&8.1>=2&3&,*)=):7.3,=9-*= 574(*88_=N*&7=+**`***=-*&19->=/:;*3.1*8=4+=U_=7&;4.8.*7.=&3)=U_=2&3(:8='473=.3=,*++`=,*+,= &3)=,*+-=&7*=(:77*391>=7*&7*)=&3)=+&=*3=.3=9-*=).S=*7*39=.3)447=&3)=4:9)447=7*&7.3,= 8>89*28_=I3=A57.1=,*+-=<*=-&;*=51&39*)=/**=9<4=>*&78=41)=/:;*3.1*8=8.?*8='*9<**3=+_,8,= (2=.3=9-*=1&0*`=9-*=+:9:7*=-&'.9&9=4+=&11=9-*=7*&7*)=/:;*3.1*8=.3=9-*=574/*(9_=
T2_O+0 HOW=TO=ESTABLISH=A=NEW=POPULATION=OF=UNIO=CRASSUS= A=CASE=STUDY=IN=THE=BIA!A=RIVER K&9&7?>3&=Z&/I(`=T&)*:8?=Z&/I(`=P&<*=A)&280.`=W4/(.*(-=B.*1&80.`=A)&2=]2.*1`= A33&=L.5.80& I389.9:9*=4+=N&9:7*=C438*7;&9.43`=P41.8-=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8=-+8+,*=K7&0<`=M.(0.*<.(?&=--`=P41&3)= 0?&/I( .45_07&04<_51`=9?&/I( .45_07&04<_51`=&)&280. .45_07&04<_51`='.*1&380. .45_07&04<_51`= (2.*1 .45_07&04<_51`=1.5.380& .45_07&04<_51 T-*=B.&&=7.;*7=.8=&=2*).:2=8.?*=7.;*7=.3=9-*=S8P41&3)_=T-*=14<*7=5&79=4+=9-*=7.;*7=.8= .3-&'.9*)='>=1&7,*=545:1&9.43=4+=U3.4=(7&88:8=(&=,**=***=.3)_`=<-.(-=<&8=8*5&7&9*)= ABSTRACTS ,+-
+742=49-*7=1&7,*=545:1&9.43=.3=.98=97.':9&7>`=9-*=B.*83.30&=897*&2`=):*=94=<&9*7=5411:9.43= &3)=7.;*7=)&28_=A+9*7=7*24;&1=4+=9-*=)&28`=+0=89*55.3,=8943*=545:1&9.438=<*7*= 8*9=:5=.3=47)*7=94=857*&)=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=94=7*8947*=.98=-.8947.(&1= ).897.':9.43_= W*= &3&1>?*)= <&9*7= (-*2.897>`= +.8-= ).897.':9.43= &3)= 2475-414,>= 4+=9-*=7.;*7=.3=47)*7=94=+.3)=4:9`=<-.(-=+&(9478=&7*=7*85438.'1*=+47=8:((*88+:1=7*8 *89&'1.8-2*39=4+=9-*=85*(.*8_=I9=&55*&78`=9-&9=(7:(.&1=741*=.8=51&>*)='>=14(&1=8.9*= 2475-414,>=&3)=14(&1=->)7414,>_=T-*=2489=8:((*88+:1=.3=9*728=4+=&):198=8:7;.;&1= &3)=>4:3,=7*(7:.92*39=&7*=897&.,-9=8*(9.438=4+=9-*=(-&33*1`=<.9-=82&11=&7*&8=4+=89.11= <&9*7=&3)=+.3*=8*).2*39`=5749*(9*)=+742=9-*=.3+1:*3(*=4+=2&.3=<&9*7=(:77*39`=<-*7*= '49-=&):19=8:7;.;&1=&3)=>4:3,=7*(7:.92*39=&7*=9-*=-.,-*89_=A3&1>8.8=4+=24;*2*398= 4+=.3).;.):&18=2&70*)=<.9-=7&).4897&382.99*78=7*;*&1`=9-&9=.3=:3+&;47&'1*=(43).9.438= .3).;.):&18=).85*78*`=<-.(-=.8=1.0*1>=94=-&25*7=2&9.3,=&3)=8:7;.;&1=4+=&):198=&3)= >4:3,=7*(7:.92*39_=
T2_P+ PRESENCE=AND=IMPLICATIONS=OF=ORGANIC=LAYERS=IN=FOSSIL=AND= EXTANT=UNIONOIDA=MOLLUSCA`=BIVALVIA T2 R_=A7&:/4+`=G_=D*1;*3*,`=M_=M:39- +M:8*4=N&(.43&1=)*=C.*3(.&8=N&9:7&1*8=C_S_I_C_`=C2=J48S=G:9.S77*?=A'&8(&1=,_=,2**0=M&)7.)`=S5&.3= 7&+&*1 23(3_(8.(_*8 ,I389.9:94=G*41,.(4=>=M.3*74=)*=E85&&`=C2=Rc48=R48&8=,-_=,2**-=M&)7.)`=S5&.3======,_)*1;*3* .,2*_*8= -D*5&792*39=4+=E&79-=S(.*3(*8`=T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=C742<*11=R4&)_=L43)43`=SW1=/BD`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`=8.==*=9&39=85*(.*8=4+=M&7,&7.9.+*7.)&*`=43*=C7*9&(*4:8=U3.43.)&*= &3)=9<4=C7*9&(*4:8=M&7,&7.9.+*7.)&*=85*(.*8_=O:7=7*8:198=)*243897&9*=9-&9=47,&3.(= 1&>*78=(-&7&(9*7.8*=85*(.*8=4+=U3.434.)*&=&9=1*&89=8.3(*=9-*=C7*9&(*4:8=.3=85*(.2*38= (42.3,=+742='49-=&(.).(=&3)=&10&1.3*=<&9*78_=B*>43)=9-.8`=9-*.7=9-.(03*88=.8=9-*= 431>=:8*+:1=(-&7&(9*7=94=8*5&7&9*='49-=+&2.1.*8_=I3=9-*=M&7,&7.9.+*7.)&*=9-*>=&7*= 57*8*39=.3=M_=2&7,&7.9.+*7&`=M_=;&1)*38.8`=M_=.):'*)&*`=M_=1&48*38.8`=M_=1&*;.8=&3)=M_= 2434)439&`=&3)=&'8*39=.3=M_=&:7.(:1&7.&=&3)=M_=2&74(&3&_=I3=U3.43.)&*=9-*>=&55*&7= .3= P749451*:74'*2&= 3:2&39.3&`= P4942.)&= 1.9947&1.8= &3)= .3= 842*= 85*(.2*38= 4+= U3.4= 2&3(:8`=U_=)*15-.3:8= &3)= U_=9:2.).+472.8_=W*=&7,:*=9-&9=47,&3.(=1&>*78=51&>*)=&= +:3)&2*39&1=741*=4+=8-*11=5749*(9.43=.3=9-*='.;&1;*=*;41:9.43=):7.3,=9-*=.3;&8.43= 4+=+7*8-<&9*7='>=9-*=*&71.*89=U3.434.)&`=94)&>='*.3,=&3=*;41:9.43&7>=&)&59&9.43= <-.(-=.2574;*8=+.93*88=94=&(.).(=<&9*7=.3=842*=85*(.*8_= ,+. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T2_P,
CONSERVATION=UNITS=BASED=ON=MITOCHONDRIAL=AND=NUCLEAR=DNA= VARIATION=AMONG=THE=THICK8SHELLED=RIVER=MUSSEL= UNIO=CRASSUS=POPULATIONS=IN=POLAND J*7?>=S*11+`=M43.0&=M.4):(-4<80&+`=A,3.*8?0&=K&(?2&7(?>0+`=K&9&7?>3&=Z&/I(,`= T&)*:8?=Z&/I(,`=A)7.&33&=K.1.04<80&+`=A33&=W>84(0&+ +U3.;*78.9>=4+=G)&80`=D*5&792*39=4+=G*3*9.(8`=W.9&=S9<48?&=/3`=2*8-*2=G)&80`=P41&3)======/*7?>_8*11 '.41_:,_*):_51`=243.0&_2.4):(-4<80& '.41_:,_*):_51`=&,3.*8?0&_0&(?2&7(?>0 '.41_ :,_*):_51`=&)7.&0 '.49*(-_:,_,)&_51`=&33&_<>84(0& '.41_:,_*):_51 ,I389.9:9*=4+=N&9:7*=C438*7;&9.43`=P41.8-=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8`=M.(0.*<.(?&=--`=-+8+,*=K7&0<`=P41&3)= 0?&/&( .45_07&04<_51`=9?&/&( .45_07&04<_51 T-*= &.2= 4+= 9-.8= 89:)>= <&8= 94= )*1.3*&9*= (438*7;&9.43= :3.98= +47= 9-*= 9-.(088-*11*)= 7.;*7= 2:88*1=U3.4=(7&88:8=.3=P41&3)_=T-*=,*3*9.(=7*1&9.438-.58=&243,=+.=2:88*1=545:1&9.438= <*7*= )*9*72.3*)`= :8.3,= 1*3,9-= ;&7.&9.43= &9= +*= 541>2475-.(= 2.(748&9*11.9*= 14(.= &3)= T2 8*6:*3(*=;&7.&9.43=.3=9-*=(4=+=&3)=ND-8ND,=+7&,2*398=+2--='5=4+=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1= DNA_=T-*=&3&1>8.8=4+=9-*=29DNA=8*6:*3(*8=8-4<8=9-&9=U3.4=(7&88:8=.3=P41.8-=7.;*78= '*143,= 94= 9<4= -.,-1>= ).;*7,*39= -&5149>5*= ,74:58= 1.3*&,*8= ).S=*7.3,= '>= 2*&3= ).;*7,*3(*=*89.2&9*=4+=-_._=T-*8*=9<4=1.3*&,*8=-&;*=&=1&7,*1>=&1145&97.(=).897.':9.43`= .251>.3,=9<4=,*4,7&5-.(&1=545:1&9.43=8*98a=3479-*73=&3)=84:9-*73_=T-*=.3+*77*)=,*3*9.(= 897:(9:7*=4+=U3.4=(7&88:8=.3=P41&3)=<&8=1&7,*1>=(43,7:*39='*9<**3=2.94(-43)7.&1=&3)= 3:(1*&7= 2&70*78`= 8*5&7&9.3,= 9-*= 8&251*)= 545:1&9.438= .394= &12489= 34384;*71&55.3,= ,74:58_=B*(&:8*=4+=9-*=.25479&39=).S=*7*3(*8='*9<**3=9-*8*=(1&)*8`=9-*>=2&>='*=)*Q=3*)= &8=(438*7;&9.43=:3.98`=<-.(-=8-4:1)='*=2&3&,*)=8*5&7&9*1>_
T2_P- SPATIAL=DISTRIBUTION=AND=ABUNDANCE=OF=UNIONIDAE=MUSSELS= IN=EUTROPHIC=FLOODPLAIN=LAKE K&9&7?>3&=Z&/I(`=T&)*:8?=Z&/I(`=A)&2=$2.*1 I389.9:9*=4+=N&9:7*=C438*7;&9.43`=P41.8-=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8=-+8+,*=K7&0<`=M.(0.*<.(?&=--`=P41&3)= 0?&/I( .45_07&04<_51`=9?&/I( .45_07&04<_51`=(2.*1 .45_07&04<_51 W*= 89:).*)= 9-*= ).897.':9.43= 4+= +7*8-<&9*7= :3.43.)8= .3= *:9745-.(= R=44)51&.3= 1&0*`= &9= +-= 97&38*(98`= &(7488= 9-*= )*59-= ,7&).*39_= T-*= (1&2= ).897.':9.43= <.9-.3= 9-*= <&9*7'4)>= .8= 349= 7&3)42a= .3= +7*8-<&9*7= 1&0*8`= &11= 85*(.*8= +472= &= (74<)*)= 897.5*= &143,= 9-*= 1&0*= 8-47*`=8-4<.3,=-.,-*89=)*38.9.*8=&9=459.2&1=)*59-=4+=(&=*_/=2_=T-*=).897.':9.43=4+=2489= 3:2*74:8=85*(.*8=(-&3,*=&143,=9-*=8-47*=(-&3,*8=.3=(&8*=4+=A34)439&=&3&9.3&=&3)=U3.4= 5.(947:2`=<-*7*&8=9-*=3:2'*7=4+=A_=(>,3*&=7*2&.38=(4389&39_=M489=3:2*74:8=85*(.*8= 8-4<=548.9.;*=7*1&9.43=94=8.19=1&>*7_=I3=,*3*7&1.?*)=24)*1=4+=:3.43.)8`=9-*=3:2'*7=&3)= 9-*= (438.)*7*)= 1&0*= +*&9:7*8= (43Q=72*)= 9-*= &'4;*= 7*1&9.438= &3)= .3).(&9*= &= 97&)*84S== '*9<**3=<&9*7=)*59-=&3)=).89&3(*=+742=9-*='&30`=<-.(-=2.,-9='*=7*85438.'1*=+47=9-*= 4((:77*3(*=4+=9-*=)*59-=459.2:2_ ABSTRACTS ,+/
T2_P. MARGAL=ULLA=LIFE=PROJECTa= A=REAL=CHANCE=FOR=THE=RESTORATION=OF= MARGARITIFERA=MARGARITIFERA=L_=POPULATIONS=IN=GALICIA=SPAIN S&'*1&=L4.8+`=A)41+4=O:9*.74+`=R&23=M&8(&94,`=R&+&*1&=A2&74-`=C&72*3=B4:?&-`= E):&7)4=S&3=M.,:*1-`=P&?=O3).3&+ +D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z4414=c&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=V*9*7.3&7.&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=,1**,= L:,4`=S5&.3=8&'*1&_14.8 :8(_*8`=&)41+4_4:9*.74 :8(_*8`=2&5&?_43).3& :8(_*8 ,D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z4414=c&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=B.414=c&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=+/1*0= S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=S5&.3 -D*5&79&2*394=)*=X*3S9.(&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=V*9*7.3&7.&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=,1**,= L:,4`=S5&.3=7&+&*1&_&2&74 :8(_*8`=2(&72*3_'4:?& :8(_*8`=*):&7)4_8&32.,:*1 :8(_*8 G&1.(.&= .8= 8.9:&9*)= 43= 9-*= 84:9-<*89*73= 1.2.9= 4+= M&7,&7.9.+*7&= 2&7,&7.9.+*7&= E:745*&3= 7&3,*_ T-4:,-= 9-*= (:77*39= ).897.':9.43= 2&5= 4+= 9-.8= 85*(.*8= 8-4<8= &= 8.,3.Q=(&39= 3:2'*7= 4+= 545:1&9.438=&5574=_=//`=2489=4+=9-*2=&7*=+7&,2*39*)`=<.9-=14<=&':3)&3(*=&3)=1.=1*= T2 47=34=7*(7:.92*39_ T-*=U11&=7.;*7=.8=9-*=8*(43)=2&.3='&8.3=4+=G&1.(.&=&3)=57*8*398=-.8947.(&1=545:1&9.438= 4+=+7*8-<&9*7=5*&71=2:88*1=FPM_=T-.8='&8.3=.8=&=(1*&7=*=&251*=4+=9-*=*3;.7432*39&1= .25&(98= 9-*= G&1.(.&3= 7.;*78= -&;*= *3):7*)= 4;*7= 9-*= 1&89= (*39:7>`=<-.(-= -&;*= &S=*(9*)= 3*,&9.;*1>=9-*=&6:&9.(=+&:3&`=1*&).3,=94=*3)&3,*7=9-.8=3&.&)=&8=&='.414,.(&1=.3).(&947=4+= <&9*7=6:&1.9>=_T-*=&6:&9.(=.25&(98=.3(1:)*=&(.).Q=(&9.43=&3)=5411:9.43=.3(.)*398=8:(-= &8=81:77>=47=.3):897.&1=85.118`=)*,7&)&9.43=4+=9-*=7.;*7='*)=8:'897&9*`=+742=)7*),.3,=&3)= 8.19&9.43`=&19*7&9.43=4+=9-*=7.5&7.&3=+47*89`=7.;*7='&30=*748.43=&3)=':.1).3,=4+=<*.78=&3)= )&28=<-.(-=(7*&9*='&77.*78=94=9-*=24;*2*39=4+=9-*=-489=Q=8-_ T-*=M&7,&1=U11&=L.+*=574/*(9=,*+*8,*+/=<&8=)*8.,3*)=94=7*(4;*7=9-*=545:1&9.438=4+=9-*= FPM=&3)=9-*=5>7*3*&3=)*82&3`=G&1*2>8=5>7*3&.(:8`='>=.2574;.3,=9-*=-*&19-=4+=9-*=7.;*7= 9-74:,-=9-*=.251*2*39&9.43=4+=&(9.438=+4(:8*)=43=9-*=-&'.9&9=&3)=9-*8*=85*(.*8_ T-*= 2&.3= &(9.438= 43= M_= 2&7,&7.9.+*7&= (438.89= 4+= .2574;.3,= 9-*= 034<1*),*= &'4:9= .98= ).897.':9.43=.3=9-*='&8.3`=9-*=545:1&9.43=(438*7;&9.43=89&9:8=&3&1>8.8`=9-*=.)*39.Q=(&9.43= 4+= 2&3&,*2*39= :3.98= :8.3,= *(414,.(&1= &3)= ,*3*9.(= .3+472&9.43`= 9-*= )*;*1452*39= 4+= (&59.;*= 7*&7.3,= &(9.;.9.*8`= &3)= 9-*= 7*.3974):(9.43= '>= 894(0.3,= /:;*3.1*= 2:88*18= &3)= 3&9.;*=.3+*89*)=8&1243.)8_ I+=9-*=574/*(9=&(-.*;*8=9-*=*=5*(9*)=4:9(42*`=.98=24)*1=(4:1)='*=.251*2*39*)=.3=49-*7= G&1.(.&3=7.;*78`='*(42.3,=&=:3.6:*=&3)=97:*=455479:3.9>=94=9-*=85*(.*8=.3=9-*=I'*7.&3= P*3.38:1&_= T-*=L.+*=574/*(9`=9-*=Q=789=7*8:198=&3)=9-*=574'1*28=+4:3)=7*,&7).3,=<.9-=9-*=&(9.438=43= M_=2&7,&7.9.+*7&=&7*=57*8*39*)_ ,+0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T2_P/ GENETIC=STUDY=FOR=REPRODUCTIVE=SELECTION=IN=A= LIFE=CONSERVATION=PROGRAM R&+&*1&=A2&74+`=C&72*3=B4:?&+`=E):&7)4=S&3=M.,:*1+`=S&'*1&=L4.8,`=A)41+4=O:9*.74,`= R&23=M&8(&94,`=P&?=O3).3&, +D*5&79&2*394=)*=X*3S9.(&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=V*9*7.3&7.&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`= ,1**,=A;*3.)&=C&7'&114=C&1*74`=L:,4`=S5&.3=7&+&*1&_&2&74 :8(_*8`=2(&72*3_'4:?& :8(_*8`======*):&7)4_8&32.,:*1 :8(_*8`= ,D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z4414=c&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=V*9*7.3&7.&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`= ,1**,=A;*3.)&=C&7'&114=C&1*74`=L:,4`=S5&.3=8&'*1&_14.8 :8(_*8`=&)41+4_4:9*.74 :8(_*8`======2&5&?_43).3& :8(_*8 T-*= +7*8-<&9*7= 5*&71= 2:88*1= M_= 2&7,&7.9.+*7&= &55*&78= &8= 43*= 4+= 9-*= 2489= (7.9.(&11>= 9-7*&9*3*)='.;&1;*=.3=E:745*`=5&79.(:1&71>=9-*=84:9-*73=5*7.5-*7&1=545:1&9.438=.3=NW= I'*7.&3=P*3.38:1&`=<-*7*=14<=&3)=;*7>=897:(9:7*)=,*3*9.(=;&7.&9.43=<&8=)*8(7.'*)_=I3= 9-.8=89:)>`=<*=7*5479=9-*=2.(748&9*11.9*=;&7.&'.1.9>=4+=M_=2&7,&7.9.+*7&=+742=9-*=U11&='&8.3`= T2 &=1&7,*=A191&39.(=7.;*7=.3=NW=S5&.3`=<-*7*=&=(438*7;&9.43=51&3=+47=9-.8=85*(.*8=-&8='**3= 7*(*391>=*89&'1.8-*)=LIFE*3=NAT2ES2***/+._= A=949&1=4+=.,3=5*&71=2:88*1=85*(.2*38=<*7*=(411*(9*)=.3=8*;*7&1=97&38*(98=4+=9-*=U11&='&8.3_= T-*=8&251*8=<*7*=14(&9*)=&143,=).S=*7*39=->)74,7&5-.(=7*,.438=8:'8'&8.38`=<-*7*=9-*= .3).;.):&18=&7*=).897.':9*)=.3=9-*=:55*7=&3)=2*).:2=(4:78*8`=<.9-.3=9-*=2&.3=7.;*7=&3)= .98=97.':9&7.*8_=G*349>5.3,=+47=+,=2.(748&9*11.9*=14(.=7*;*&1*)=14<=.397&545:1&9.43=,*3*9.(= ).;*78.9>=<.9-.3=97&38*(9=8&251*8=&3)=<.9-.3=8:'8'&8.38_=I3=&)).9.43`=<*=)*9*(9*)=-.,-= ,*3*9.(=).S=*7*39.&9.43=&243,=8:'8'&8.38_= A((47).3,= 94= 9-*8*= 7*8:198`= <*= 8*1*(9*)= 9<4= '7**).3,= ,74:58= 0*= .3).;.):&18= *&(-= +47= +:79-*7= (&59.;*= '7**).3,`= 7*57*8*39.3,= &= (438*7;&9.;*= 574548&1= 4+= 2&3&,*2*39= :3.98= '&8*)= 43= 9-*= ,*3*9.(= ).;*7,*3(*= 4'8*7;*)_= O3*= '7**).3,= ,74:5= .3(1:)*)= 9-*= 2489=,*3*9.(&11>=).S=*7*39.&9*)=8:'8'&8.3=A73*,4=97.':9&7>b=9-*=49-*7=43*=*2'7&(*)= 2:88*18=+742=9-*=7*2&.3.3,=8:'8'&8.38=4+=U11&=7.;*7_=B49-=,74:58=<*7*=97&3814(&9*)=94= '*=2&.39&.3*)=*=88.9:=+47=8:55479.;*='7**).3,`=<-.(-=<.11=51&>=&=2&/47=741*=.3=9-*=LIFE= (438*7;&9.43=574,7&2_=
T2_P0 APPLICATION=OF=SPECIAL=MEADOW=MANAGEMENT=WITHIN=THE= MEASURES=OF=ACTION=PLAN=FOR=FRESHWATER=PEARL=MUSSEL= MARGARITIFERA=MARGARITIFERA=IN=THE=CZECH=REPUBLIC J_=;&3>,&+`=O_P_=S.243,`=B_=D479-`=K_=D4:)&. +NCA=CR`=K&51&34;&=+3-+2+`=CZ=:=+.2=**`=P7&,:*=/&3_8;&3>,& 3&9:7*_(? ,T=G=M&8&7>0=8=W&9*7=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=D*5&792*39=4+=A551.*)=E(414,>`=P4)'&'80@=-*2,/2, CZ=:=+0*=**=P7&,:*=8.243 ;:;_(? -G&22&7:8=8_7_4_`=Z&=B&)94:=-.3`=P7&(-&9.(*`=CZ=:=-2-=*+`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(='_)479 9.8(&1._(? .C?*(-=U3.;*78.9>=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=P7&,:*`=D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>=&3)=F.8-*7.*8`=K&2>(0@=+,3`= CZ=:=+0/=,+=P7&,:*=)4:)&0 &+_(?:_(? F7*8-<&9*7= 5*&71= 2:88*1= FWPM= .8= &= (7.9.(&11>= *3)&3,*7*)= 2411:8(= .3= 9-*= C?*(-= R*5:'1.(`=(:77*391>=4((:77.3,=.3=9-*=41.,49-745-.(=<&9*7(4:78*8=4+=84:9-*73=&3)=<*89*73= B4-*2.&_=O3=9-*='&8.8=4+=&=7*(*39=,*3*9.(=7*8*&7(-=,*++=<*=).89.3,:.8-=-=(438*7;&9.43= :3.98= <.9-= .77*,:1&7= 545:1&9.43= ).897.':9.43= &9= /= 2&.3= 14(&1.9.*8_= A(9.43= P1&3= +47= ABSTRACTS ,+1
M&7,&7.9.+*7&=2&7,&7.9.+*7&=.3=9-*=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=,:&7&39**)='>=N&9:7*=C438*7;&9.43= A,*3(>=4+=9-*=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(`=NCA=CR=-&8='**3=&)459*)=94=.2574;*=9-*=545:1&9.43= 89&9:8_= F47= 4;*7= 9-.79>= >*&78`= 3*<= Q=3).3,8`= .25479&39= 57&(9.(*8= &3)= *=5*7.*3(*= <*7*= ,&.3*)= <-.(-= 7*8:19*)= .3= 9-*= N*<= A(9.43= P1&3`= 9-*= 897&9*,.(= )4(:2*39= +47= FWPM= (438*7;&9.43=+47=+479-(42.3,=)*(&)*8_ E;*3=9-4:,-=2&3>=*3;.7432*39&1=5&7&2*9*78=-&;*='**3=*3-&3(*)=+47=9-.8=89*34*(.4:8= 85*(.*8= .3= 9-*= 1&89= ,*= >*&78`= 8*;*7&1= 574'1*28= 89.11= 5*78.89= 8:(-= &8= 1&3)8:8*= (-&3,*8= .3= 7.5&7.&3= (477.)478= 7*8:19.3,= .3= 5488.'1*= 1&(0= 4+= &((*88.'1*= 34:7.8-2*39= +47= 9-*= >4:3,*89=FWPM=89&,*8_=I3=47)*7=94=.2574;*=9-*=/:;*3.1*=+44)=8:551>`=85*(.&1=2*&)4<= 2&3&,*2*39=.8=&551.*)=&143,8.)*=9-*=9.3>=2*&3)*7.3,=897*&28='7.3,.3,=47,&34,*3.(= )*97.9:8=.394=2&.3=<&9*7(4:78*8_=M4<.3,=,7&88`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`=8:7;.;&1=7&9*`=<&9*7=9*25*7&9:7*= 7*,.2*= &3)= )*97.9:8= (42548.9.43= <&8= 243.947*)_= D*85.9*= >*&78438>*&7= ;&7.&9.43`= 57*1.2.3&7>=7*8:198=.3).(&9*=8.,3.Q=(&39=7*1&9.438-.58='*9<**3=9-*=6:&1.9>=4+=+44)=8:551>= &3)=85*(.&1=2*&)4<=2&3&,*2*39_
T2_P1 RESTORATION=OF=MARGARITIFERA=MARGARITIFERA=AND=UNIO= TUMIDIFORMIS=POPULATIONS=IN=ALDER=LINED=STREAMS J4&6:.2=R*.8+`,`=N:34=F473*7,`=S&3)7&=V.*.7&,`=A1*=&3)7.3&=P.5&,`=P&:14=L:(&8, +I389.9:94=P479:,:U8=)*=M&1&(414,.&`=Z442&7.3*`=EN+,/`=K2=0/=G:.&`=2,*+820.=A1':+*.7&`=P479:,&1= /4&67*.8 ,2&.1_(42 ,Q:*7(:8`=C*3974=)*=I39*757*9&OD4=A2'.*39&1=)*=O:7S2`=M&9&=M:3.(.5&1`=,.3*8***=O:7S2`=P479:,&1 T-*=+7*8-<&9*7=2:88*18=M&7,&7.9.+*7&=2&7,&7.9.+*7&=&3)=U3.4=9:2.).+472.8=&7*=9<4=*3)&3,*7*)= I'*7.&3= 85*(.*8= 5749*(9*)= :3)*7= 9-*= H&'.9&98= D.7*(9.;*_= T-*= 7.;*7= P&.;&= D4:74= '&8.3`= 3479-*73=P479:,&1=.8=&=9>5.(&1=24:39&.3=8&1243.)=897*&2`=<.9-=5*72&3*39=R=4<.3,`=(41)= &3)=41.,49745-.(=<&9*7`=<-.1*=9-*=7.;*7=T47,&1=M.7&='&8.3`=84:9-8<*89*73=P479:,&1=.8=&= 9*2547&7>=M*).9*77&3*&389>5*=897*&2_=B49-=&7*=A1)*7=1.3*)=+47=2:(-=4+=9-*.7=*=9*39.43`= &3)=9-.8=.8=&=57.47.9>=-&'.9&9=+47=(438*7;&9.43=&((47).3,=94=9-*=H&'.9&98=D.7*(9.;*_=T-*=7.;*7= P&.;&= -41)8= &3= &,.3,= 545:1&9.43= 4+= M&7,&7.9.+*7&= 2&7,&7.9.+*7&= .3= .98= :55*7= &3)= 2.))1*= 7*&(-*8`= 7*51&(*)= ,7&):&11>= )4<3897*&2= +47= :3.43.)= 85*(.*8= 8:(-= &8= A34)439&= &3&9.3&= &3)=U3.4=)*15-.3:8`=<-.1*=&=;*7>=14(&1.?*)=(422:3.9>=4+=:3.43.)8=A_=&3&9.3&`=P4942.)&= 1.=47&1.8`=U_=)*15-.3:8=&3)=U_=9:2.).+472.8=1.;*8=.3=&=1/*=2=143,=7*&(-=4+=9-*=7.;*7=T47,&1_= T-*=L.+*(=574/*(9=ECOTONE=:=M&3&,*2*39=4+=7.5&7.&3=-&'.9&98=94<&7)8=9-*=(438*7;&9.43= 4+=*3)&3,*7*)=.3;*79*'7&9*8=LIFE+*=NAT2PT2****1-=&.28=94=7*8947*=A1)*7=-&'.9&98=&3)= (-&33*1=.39*,7.9>=.3=9-*8*=7.;*78=&3)=94=.2574;*=9-*=(43).9.438=+47=*3)&3,*7*)=.3;*79*'7&9*= 85*(.*8= 1.;.3,= 9-*7*`= 3&2*1>= M_= 2&7,&7.9.+*7&= &3)= U_= 9:2.).+472.8_= R*8947&9.43= 2*&8:7*8= .3(1:)*=89&'.1.?.3,='&308`=7*8947.3,=7.5&7.&3=;*,*9&9.43`=(7*&9.3,=5*72&3*39=<&9*7=?43*8=.3= 9-*=7.;*7=T47,&1=&3)=7*.3+47(.3,=+7*8-<&9*7=2:88*1=545:1&9.438='>=2*&38=4+=.3+*89*)=-489= Q=8-=7*1*&8*=&3)=(&59.;*=7*&7*)=/:;*3.1*8=.3974):(9.43_ ,+2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T2_P2 HOST=FISH=LIMITATION`=AN=ADDITIONAL=THREAT=TO=THE=IMPERILLED= NAIADS=IN=EUROPEa=A=CASE=STUDY=ON=UNIO=DELPHINUS=AND=POTOMIDA= LITTORALIS M&3:*1=L45*88L.2&+`,`=A2c1(&7=T*.=*.7&-`=M&7.&3&=H.3?2&33+`,`=S.243*=V&7&3)&8.`= R43&1)4=S4:8&/`=E18&=F74:+*,`=J47,*=M&(-&)4+`, +ICBAS8UP=8=A'*1=S&1&?&7=B.42*).(&1=S(.*3(*8=I389.9:9*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P4794`=L&7,4=P74+_=A'*1= S&1&?&7=3 ,`=.*338**-=P4794`=P479:,&1=145*81.2&_(..2&7 ,2&.1_(42`=2Z=.3?2&33 -492&.1_(42`======/2&(-&)4 .('&8_:5_59 ,CIMAR8LA2CIIMAR=:=C*397*=4+=M&7.3*=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=R*8*&7(-`=R:&=)48=B7&,&8=,23`= .*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1=*18&+74:+* ,2&.1_(42 -CIMO=8=M4:39&.3=R*8*&7(-=C*397*`=S(-441=4+=A,7.(:19:7*`=P41>9*(-3.(=I389.9:9*=4+=B7&,&3O&`=P479:,&1`= C&25:8=)*=S&39&=A5413.&=8=A5&79&)4=++1,`=/-*+82//=B7&,&3O&`=P479:,&1=&2.19 .5'_59 .CITAB=8=C*397*=+47=9-*=R*8*&7(-=&3)=T*(-3414,>=4+=A,748E3;.7432*39&1=&3)=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`= U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=T7@88488M439*8=*=A194=D4:74`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=T7@88488M439*8=*=A194=D4:74`= Q:.39&=)*=P7&)48`=A5&79&)4=+*+-`=/**+82*+=V.1&=R*&1=P479:,&1=8.243*; :9&)_59 T2 /CBMA=:=C*397*=4+=M41*(:1&7=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=B.414,>`=D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M.3-4`= C&25:8=)*=G:&19&7`=.1+*8*/1=B7&,&`=P479:,&1=743&1)4_84:8& (..2&7_:5_59 F7*8-<&9*7= 2:88*18= 47= 3&.&)8= B.;&1;.&`= U3.434.)&= &7*= &243,= 9-*= 2489= (7.9.(&11>= 9-7*&9*3*)= +&:3.89.(= ,74:58= <471)<.)*_= T-.8= )*(1.3*= .8= 2&.31>= 574;40*)= '>= -&'.9&9= 1488=&3)=+7&,2*39&9.43`=-&'.9&9=)*,7&)&9.43`=.3974):(9.43=4+=.3;&8.;*=85*(.*8`=&243,= 49-*7='.49.(=&3)=&'.49.(=&19*7&9.438_=I3=+&(9`=9-*8*='.;&1;*8=-&;*=&=(4251*==7*574):(9.;*= '*-&;.47=<-*7*=9-*.7=1&7;&*=,14(-.).&=5&7&8.9.?*=&3)=)*5*3)=43=85*(.Q=(=Q=8-=85*(.*8= &8= -4898= +47= 2*9&2475-48.8= &3)= :5897*&2= ).85*78.43_= F47= 9-.8= 7*&843`= (438*7;&9.43= 4+= +7*8-<&9*7= 2:88*18= .8= .39*79<.3*)= <.9-= 9-*= 7*85*(9.;*= -489= Q=8-= &3)= .8= 4+= 4:92489= .25479&3(*= 94= *89&'1.8-= <-.(-= Q=8-= 85*(.*8= &7*= 8:.9&'1*= +47= *&(-= '.;&1;*= 85*(.*8_= I3= 9-*=57*8*39=<470=<*=8:((*88+:11>=7*574):(*=&3)=)*9*72.3*)=9-*=-489=Q=8-=85*(.*8=+47= P4942.)&= 1.=47&1.8= &3)= U3.4= )*15-.3:8= +742= 9-*= D4:74= '&8.3`= P479:,&1_= A)).9.43&11>`= .3=9-*=57*8*39=(422:3.(&9.43=&=7*;.8.43=43=9-*=Q=8-=-4898=4+=E:745*&3=3&.&)=.8=&184= 57*8*39*)_= I39*7*89.3,1>`= &12489= &11= *S=*(9.;*= -4898= &7*= 3&9.;*= Q=8-= 85*(.*8_= D:*= 94= 9-*= .3(7*&8.3,=57*8*3(*=4+=.3;&8.;*=Q=8-=85*(.*8=&3)=9-*=(43897:(9.43=4+=)&28=&3)='&77.*78= 9-&9= 7*):(*= Q=8-= 24;*2*398= &3)= ).85*78.43`= 9-*= (438*7;&9.43= 89&9:8= 4+= 9-*= &17*&)>= .25*7.1*)=+7*8-<&9*7=2:88*1=+&:3&=.3=E:745*=2&>=8:S=*7=&=,7*&9=)*(1.3*=.3=3*&7=+:9:7*_=
T*2_P3 ZOOGEOGRAPHY=OF=THE=NAIAD=MUSSELS=IN=SWEDEN T*)=;43=P748N=<.9?+`=S9*+&3=L:3)'*7,,`=J&04'=B*7,*3,7*3- +G9*'47,=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=B4==1,2-`=SE8.*,-/=G9*'47,`=S<*)*3`======9*)_;_5748(-<.9? ;,7*,.43_8* ,S<*).8-=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B4==/***1`=SE8+*.*/=S94(0-412`=S<*)*3`======89*+&3_1:3)'*7, 372_8*= -C4:39>=A)2.3.897&9.;*=B4&7)=J305.3,`=SE8//+=20=J305.3,`=S<*)*3` /&04'_'*7,*3,7*3 1&3889>7*18*3_8* T-*=S<*).8-=3&.&)*=+&:3&=U3.434.)&=(438.898=4+=8*;*3=3&9.;*=85*(.*8_=I3=9-*=1&9*=+32*8= &=7*;.8.43=4+=2:8*:2=(411*(9.43=&3)=&3=*;&1:&9.43=4+=1.9*7&9:7*=)&9&=+47=2&55.3,=9-*= 85*(.*8=).897.':9.43='*,&3_=D:7.3,=9-*=1&9*89=)*(&)*8`=9-*=:8*=4+=+7*8-<&9*7=2:88*18= ABSTRACTS ,+3
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T3_O+ T3 IMPACT=OF=REPEATING=MASSIVE=EARTHQUAKES= ON=INTERTIDAL=MOLLUSCAN=COMMUNITY=IN=JAPAN K*3/.=O048-. D*5&792*39=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*`=G7&):&9*=S(-441=4+=S(.*3(*`=T4-4=U3.;*78.9>`=M.>&2&=,8,8+`= F:3&'&8-.`=C-.'&`=,1.82/+*`=J&5&3=0*3/._4048-. *3;_8(._94-48:_&(_/5 H.8947>=7*5*&98=.98*1+_=I3=9-*8*=-/**=>*&78`=2&88.;*=*&79-6:&0*=1.0*=9-*=P&(.Q=(=(4&89=4+=T4-40:= E&79-6:&0*=.3=,*++=-&;*=4((:77*)=&9=1*&89=8*;*3=9.2*8_=M&/47=*&79-6:&0*8=<.9-='.,=98:3&2.= -&;*=4((:77*)=.3=Q=;*8-:3)7*)8>*&7=(>(1*8=&143,=9-*=P&(.Q=(=(4&89=4+=3479-*73=5&79=4+=J&5&3_= T-*=-_++=98:3&2.=(&:8*)=&=149=4+=)&2&,*=94=9-*=T4-40:=7*,.43=.3(1:).3,=2&7.3*=1.+*_ =D:7.3,=9-*=*&79-6:&0*=4+=-_++`=<&;*81.0*=24;*2*39=4'8*7;*)=43=9-*=8:7+&(*=4+=9-*=9.)&1= R=&98=.3=Y&98:`=3*&7=T40>4_=L.6:*+&(9.43=4((:77*)=/:89=&V=*7=9-*=*&79-6:&0*='*+47*=98:3&2._= W*=4'8*7;*)=2&3>=Q=88:7*8=24;.3,=&3)=&=/*9=4+=<&9*7=+742=1.6:*+&(9.43=(42.3,=94=9-*= 8:7+&(*=&74:3)=9-*=Y&98:=9.)&1=R=&98_=B.;&1;*8=1.0*=M>&=&7*3&7.&=4434,&.=3472&11>=).897.':9*)= .3=)**5=<*7*=):,=4:9=94=8:7+&(*=<.9-=&=/*9=4+=<&9*7=.3=G&24=9.)&1=R=&98`=3479-*73=J&5&3_= S42*= 85*(.*8= 4+= .3+&:3&1= '.;&1;*8= <*7*= &184= 7:8-*)= '>= 9-*= 98:3&2.= .3= M&98:0&<&8:7&= I31*9`=F:0:8-.2&_=I3=9-.8=<&>`=349=431>=9-*=98:3&2.=':9=&184=9-*=1.6:*+&(9.43='74:,-9=6:.(0= )&2&,*=.3=9-*=(4&89&1=2&7.3*=1.+*_=T-*=.3+&:3&1='.;&1;*8=):,=+742=9-*=9.)&1=,74:3)=<*7*= 349=0.11*)=.389&391>_=S42*=&):19=85*(.2*38=4+=M&(42&=(439&(:1&9&=&3)=M_=&7*3&7.&=4434,&.= -&)='**3=8:7;.;*)=43=9-*=9.)&1=8:7+&(*=.3=M&98:0&<&8:7&=I31*9`=F:0:8-.2&='>=9-*=*3)=4+= J:3*=,*++_ T-*= *&79-6:&0*= (&:8*)= 8:))*3= 1&3)= 8:'8.)*3(*= 4+= &'4:9= +2= .3= 2&=.2:2= &74:3)= 9-*= O8-.0&= P*3.38:1&`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
T3_O, ALLOMETRIC=MODELLING=IN=THE=MUDFLAT=SPECIES= TAPES=PHILIPPINARUM=AND=CERASTODERMA=EDULE= USING=THE=COPULA=APPROACH_ I33&=B41).3&`=P*9*7=B*3.3,*7 L&'47&94.7*=)*=B.414,.*=M&7.3*`=F&(:19S=)*8=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9S=)*=N&39*8=I33&_'41).3& :3.;83&39*8_+7 E(45->8.414,.(&1=&3)=545:1&9.43=89:).*8=4+=2411:8(8=4V=*3=.3(47547&9*=,74<9-=24)*18b= 9-*= &1142*97.(= 7*1&9.43= 4+= <*.,-9= 94= 1*3,9-= .8= 5&79.(:1&71>= .25479&39`= &3)= .8= :8:&11>= 24)*11*)=:8.3,=9-*=54<*7=1&<`=+4114<*)='>=1.3*&7=7*,7*88.43=43=14,897&38+472*)=)&9&`= &19-4:,-=49-*7=9*(-3.6:*8=-&;*='**3=:8*)_==T-*8*=574(*):7*8=&7*=&11=(43+7439*)='>=43*= 47=247*=4+=9-*=+4114<.3,=574'1*28a=+=9-*=)&9&=4V=*3=)4=349`=.3=+&(9`=+4114<=&=54<*7= 1&<`= *85*(.&11>= .3= 9-*= Q=*1)8= 4+= 89:).*8= 2*39.43*)= &'4;*`= = ,= '&(0897&38+472&9.43= .8= (43974;*78.&1`=&3)=-=2489=57*;.4:8=9*(-3.6:*8=8:S=*7=+742=9-*=(43897&.398=4+=5&7&2*97.(= 7*,7*88.43`=<-.(-=&7*=4V=*3=*.9-*7=349=;*7.Q=*)=(477*(91>`=47=:3.39*39.43&11>=;.41&9*)_=A11= 9-*8*=574'1*28=2&>='*=&=84:7(*=4+='.&8=+47=9-*=8:'8*6:*39=&551.(&9.438`=7*8:198`=&3)= (43(1:8.438_= W*= 57*8*39= 9-*= 9*(-3.6:*= 4+= (45:1&:'&8*)= 7*,7*88.43`= &= 7*1&9.;*1>= 3*<= &5574&(-= .3.9.&11>= :8*)= .3= 9-*= *(4342.(= 8(.*3(*8`= <-.(-= )4*8= 349= 7*6:.7*= 9-*= 8:5548.9.43= 4+= T3 57*8(&89= 7*1&9.438= 8:(-= &8= 9-*= 54<*7= 1&<`= .8= 8(&1*8.3;&7.&39`= (&59:7*8= &11= )*5*3)*3(*= 897:(9:7*8`= &3)= .8= 349= 3*(*88&7.1>= (439.3,*39= :543= 57*)*9*72.3*)= )&9&= ).897.':9.438_= W*=)*243897&9*=.98=:8*=.3=&=(&8*=89:)>=4+=9-*=1*3,9-8<*.,-9=&1142*97.(=7*1&9.438-.5=.3= 9<4=2:)R=&9=85*(.*8=4+=2&7.3*='.;&1;*`=C*7&894)*72&=*):1*=&3)=T&5*8=5-.1.55.3&7:2`=43= '49-=&=Q=8-*7>8.25&(9*)=8.9*=&3)=&=3438.25&(9*)=8.9*=43=9-*=F7*3(-=A91&39.(=(4&89_=O:7= 7*8:198=:3)*78(47*=9-*=.3&557457.&9*3*88=4+=9-*=54<*7=1&<8=1.3*&7=7*,7*88.43=&5574&(-= <-*3=)&9&=)4=349=+4114<=9-*=54<*7=1&<`=&3)=9-*=&);&39&,*8=4+=9-*=(45:1&=9*(-3.6:*=.3= 24)*1.3,=9-.8=9>5*=4+=&1142*97.(=7*1&9.438-.5_=W*=&39.(.5&9*=9-&9=(45:1&8'&8*)=7*,7*88.43= <.11=&114<=247*=&((:7&9*=&3)=7*1.&'1*=24)*1.3,=4+=&1142*97.(=7*1&9.438-.58=+47=89:).*8=4+=,74<9-`= +*(:3).9>`=+**).3,`=&3)=*3*7,>=&114(&9.43`=349=431>=.3=9-*8*=2:)R=&9=2411:8(8`=':9=.3=2&3>=49-*7= 2&7.3*=&3.2&18_
T3_O- POPULATION=DYNAMICS=AND=LIFE8TABLES=CONSTRUCTION= OF=THE=SOFTSHELL=CLAMS=MYA=ARENARIA=L_= ON=AN=INTERTIDAL=SILTY8SAND=FLAT=IN=THE=WHITE=SEA A1*=&3)7&=V_=G*7&8.24;&`=N.041&>=V_=M&=.24;.(- S9_=P*9*78':7,=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=F&(:19>=4+=B.414,>=&3)=S4.1=S(.*3(*`=D*5&792*39=4+=I(-9->414,>=&3)= H>)74'.414,>`=U3.;*78.9*980&>&=3&'_`=183`=+33*-.`=S9_=P*9*78':7,`=R:88.&=&,*7&8.24;&0. 2&.1_7:`= 3.(2&=+3/* 2&.1_7: L43,89*72= 4'8*7;&9.438= 4+= 9-*= '.;&1;*= 2411:8(= M>&= &7*3&7.&= '*)= 897:(9:7*= <*7*= :3)*79&0*3=&9=+4:7=9>5.(&1=.39*79.)&1=8.19>88&3)='*&(-*8=.3=9-*=K&3)&1&08-&=B&>`=9-*=W-.9*= S*&_=I3=9-*=89:).*)=84V=88-*11=(1&2='*)8=(438.)*7&'1*=.39*78&33:&1=(-&3,*8=.3=&':3)&3(*`= 8.?*=&3)=&,*=897:(9:7*=<*7*=4'8*7;*)_=T-*=;&7.&'.1.9>=.3=&,*=897:(9:7*=<&8=*=57*88*)= 2&.31>=.3=8.,3.Q=(&39=(-&3,*8=.3=3:2'*7=4+=/:;*3.1*8=85*(.2*38=8*=1*)=.3=9-*=57*;.4:8= >*&7`=0+=>*&78=41)_=I3=8:(-='*)8`=.3).;.):&18=4+=431>=+=47=,=,*3*7&9.438=)42.3&9*)=4;*7= &=143,=5*7.4)_==T-*=2&.3=7*&8438=+47=9-*=R=:(9:&9.438=4+=9-*='*)=897:(9:7*=&55*&7=94='*= ,,, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
(433*(9*)=94=.39*78&33:&1=;&7.&9.43=.3=7*(7:.92*39=7&9*8_=T-*8*=;&7.&9.438=&7*=4';.4:81>= (&:8*)`=43=9-*=43*=-&3)`='>=9-*=.39*38.9>=4+=2411:8(8=.397&85*(.Q=(=.39*7&(9.438`=&3)=43= 9-*=49-*7=34=1*88`='>=9-*=(43).9.438=4+=/:;*3.1*=8:7;.;&1=.3=9-*=Q=789=<.39*7_= O3*=4+=9-*=89:).*)=M>&=&7*3&7.&='*)=<&8=4'8*7;*)=8.3(*=+32*_=F742=+323=94=,**-=9-*= '*)= (4257.8*)= &12489= 431>= 9-*= +322,*3*7&9.43_= T-.8= ,*3*7&9.43= <&8= 97&(*)= +742= +323=94=,*+,=._*_=4;*7=,.=>*&78_=U8.3,=9-*=)&9&=43=3:2'*7=4+=9-.8=,*3*7&9.43=.3=*&(-=
4'8*7;&9.43=9-*=(4-479=1.+*=9&'1*=<&8=':.19_=T-*=&,*885*(.Q=(=2411:8(=2479&1.9>=7&9*=M9=
<&8=(&1(:1&9*)=&8=M9-=N9=8=N9=(+=2=N9`=<-*7*=N9=8=9-*=3:2'*7=4+=.3).;.):&18=8:7;.;.3,= 94=&,*=9_=T-*=2479&1.9>=7&9*=<&8=+4:3)=94=(-&3,*=247*=9-&3=+*8+41)=*_*0=94=*_02=>8+= 9-74:,-4:9= 9-*= 89:)>= 5*7.4)_= N4= &3>= 7*,:1&7= (-&3,*8= .3= 9-.8= .3)*== <*7*= 4'8*7;*)_= P*7.4)8=4+=14<=2479&1.9>=&19*73&9*)=<.9-=&=2:(-=-.,-*7=)*,7**=4+=*1.2.3&9.43_=S*;*7&1= 7*&8438=+47=9-*=2479&1.9>=,74<9-=):7.3,=M>&=&7*3&7.&=1.+*=85&3=(4:1)='*=57*1.2.3&7>= 574548*)a=&=*1.2.3&9.43=4+=3438;.&'1*=.3).;.):&18=&9=9-*=*&71>=89&,*8=4+=1.+*=(>(1*b='= .3(7*&8*)=.397&85*(.Q=(=(425*9.9.43=):7.3,=5*7.4)8=4+=7&5.)=2411:8(=,74<9-b=(=,*=.3,= 94=9-*=2.)81*;*1=4+=1.+*=85&3b=)=&(-.*;.3,=2&=.2:2=&,*_
T3_O. THE=EFFECT=OF=MACROFAUNA=ON=THE=SUCCESS=OF=COCKLE= T3 CERASTODERMA=EDULE=POST8LARVAL=COLONISATION T.249->=W-.=43+`=C-7.8=R.(-&7)843+`=J&3=H.)).30+`=S9:&79=J*30.38+`=B7>&3=J43*8, +S(-441=4+=O(*&3=S(.*3(*8`=B&3,47=U3.;*78.9>`=M*3&.=B7.),*`=UK`=LL/3=/AB=9_<-.=43 '&3,47_&(_:0= ,E3;.7432*39=A,*3(>=:=W&1*8`=N479-*73=A7*&=OT==(*`=F+47))=P*31&3`=P&7(=M*3&.`=B&3,47`=G<>3*))`= LL/1=.DE='7>&3_/43*8 *3;.7432*398&,*3(>_<&1*8_,4;_:0 C4(01*=C*7&894)*72&=*):1*=545:1&9.438=4V=*3=-&;*=-.,-1>=5&9(->=).897.':9.438=&8=8**3= .3=2&3>=49-*7=.39*79.)&1=84V==8*).2*39=.3;*79*'7&9*8_=H.,-=)*38.9.*8=4+=Q=19*7=+**)*78=&3)2 47='.49:7'&9478=-&;*='**3=9-4:,-9=94=7*):(*=9-*=8:((*88=4+=1&7;&1=8*=1*2*39_=H4<*;*7`= (:77*39= 89:).*8= 43= 9-*= (42243= (4(01*= .3).(&9*= 9-&9= 9-*= 548988*=1*2*39= 89&,*= 2&>'*= 247*= .25479&39= +47= 548981&7;&*= .39*7&(9.438= <.9-= 2&(74+&:3&= 9-&3= 1&7;&1= 8*=1*2*39_= M&3.5:1&9.;*=Q=*1)=*=5*7.2*398=<*7*=(43):(9*)=94=.3;*89.,&9*=9-*=*S=*(9=4+=&):19=(4(01*8= &3)=1:,<4728=A7*3.(41&=2&7.3&=43=(4(01*=(4143.8&9.43=8:((*88_=T<4=Q=*1)=2&3.5:1&9.43= *=5*7.2*398=<-.(-=*=(1:)*)=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=&):19=(4(01*8=&3)=1:,<4728=8*5&7&9*1>`=.3= 9<4=14(&9.438=D**=*89:&7>=&3)=T7&*9-=M*1>34,=7*85*(9.;*1>`=<*7*=*89&'1.8-*)=+742=9-*= 9.2*=4+=.3.9.&1=1&7;&1=8*=1*2*39=94=1&9*=8:22*7=.3=,*+,_=E&(-=*=5*7.2*39=(438.89*)=4+=8.== (439741`=574(*):7&1=(439741=&3)=*=(1:8.43=51498`=*&(-=+=2J=.3=&7*&_=F742=M&>=94=A:,:89= &3= .3(7*&8.3,= 97*3)= 4+= -.,-*7= (4143.8&9.43= .3= 51498= <-*7*= 1:,<4728= <*7*= *=(1:)*)= <&8=4'8*7;*)_=B>=A:,:89=548981&7;&*=)*38.9>=.3=9-*=*=(1:8.43=51498=<*7*=8.,3.Q=(&391>= -.,-*7= 9-&3= .3= 9-*= (439741= 97*&92*398`= 4;*7= )4:'1*= &9= /..= 548981&7;&*= 5*7= 2J_= T-*= Q=*1)= *=5*7.2*39= *=(1:).3,= &):19= (4(01*8= 574):(*)= 9-*= 45548.9*= 97*3)`= (4143.8&9.438= 4+=C_=*):1*=548981&7;&*=<&8=14<*7=.3=9-*=&):19=(4(01*=*=(1:8.43=51498_=T-*=2*(-&3.828= (4397411.3,=9-*=97*3)8=8**3=.3=9-*=Q=*1)=*=5*7.2*398=&7*=89.11=:3(1*&7=+742=9-*=1.9*7&9:7*= &3)=57*1.2.3&7>=1&'47&947>=*=5*7.2*398=(43):(9*)='>=9-*=&:9-478=&3)=<&77&39=+:79-*7= .3;*89.,&9.43_=W*=(43(1:)*=9-&9=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=&):19=(4(01*8=&3)=1:,<4728=.3R=:*3(*8= 9-*= (4143.8&9.43= 8:((*88= 4+= C_= *):1*= 548981&7;&*_= F742= 9-*= (:77*39= 7*8:198= <*= 8:,,*89= 9-*=)*38.9>`=).897.':9.43=&3)=545:1&9.43=)>3&2.(8=4+=2&(74+&:3&`=8:(-=&8=9-48*=9*89*)`= 2&>= -&;*= 8.,3.Q=(&39= .251.(&9.438= 43= 9-*= 8:((*88= &3)= 85&9.&1= ).897.':9.43= 4+= (4(01*= 7*(7:.92*39_== ABSTRACTS ,,-
T3_O/ DESCRIBING=MORPHOLOGICAL=FEATURES=OF=OOCYTESa= AN=ATTEMPT=TO=UNRAVEL=REPRODUCTIVE=ASPECTS=OF=TELLINIDAE=AND= PSAMMOBIIDAE=SPECIES=BIVALVIAa=TELLINOIDEA G.8*1*=O71&3).=I3974c3.+`-`=L*3.9&=)*=F7*.9&8=T&11&7.(4+`=A7.&3*=C&2548+` =F&'7c?.4=M&7(43)*8=M&(-&)4,`=M&7.1)&=)&=C7:?=F*73&3)*8-`=T*7*8.3-&=S9*.3-`= F1@;.4=D.&8=P&8848,`=S-.71*.=M&7.&=R*((48P.2*39*1- +D*5&792*39=4+=S97:(9:7&1=&3)=F:3(9.43&1=B.414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>`=C-&71*8=D&7<.3=S9`= S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&25.3&8`=+-*2-820-`=C&25.3&8`=SP`=B7&?.1=,.8*1*471&3). ,2&.1_(42`======1*9&11&7.(4 ,2&.1_(42`=&7.&3**(&2548 ,2&.1_(42 ,D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=B.414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>`=C-&71*8=D&7<.3=S9`=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&25.3&8`= +-*2-820-`=C&25.3&8`=SP`=B7&?.1=+&'7.?.42&7(43)*8 >&-44_(42_'7`=R=&;.4)5 :3.(&25_'7= -F*)*7&1=F4:3)&9.43=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H*&19-=S(.*3(*8`=P4794=A1*,7*=S&72*394=L*.9*=S9`=,./`=3**/*8+1*`= P4794=A1*,7*`=RS`=B7&?.1=2&73*:74 -492&.1_(42`=8-.71*. :3.(&25_'7 I3=85*(.*8=4+=9-*='.;&1;*=8:5*7+&2.1>=T*11.34.)*&`=,&2*9*=2475-414,>=89:).*8=&7*=8(&7(*`= .3= 85.9*= 4+= 9-*.7= *(414,.(&1= &3)= *(4342.(= .25479&3(*= 94= 2&3>= -:2&3= (422:3.9.*8_= C425&7&9.;*=.3;*89.,&9.438=:8.3,=T7&382.88.43=E1*(9743=TEM=&3)=L.,-9=M.(748(45.*8= LM=-&;*=(4251*2*39*)=&3&942.(&1=)*8(7.59.438`=1*&).3,=94=.2574;*)=*1:(.)&9.43=4+= T3 7*574):(9.;*='.414,>=4+='.;&1;*8_=W*=-&;*='**3=8:,,*89.3,=9-&9=9-*7*=&7*=9<4=(1*&71>= &3)=<*11=)*Q=3*)=5&=*738=4+=85*72=2475-414,.*8=&243,=T*11.3.)&*=85*(.*8_=T*11.3.3&*= 574):(*8=24).Q=*)=85*72&94?4&=<-*7*&8=M&(42.3&*=574):(*8=57.2.9.;*=85*72&94?4&_= T-*=-*1.(&1=3:(1*.=4;*71&55*)=.3=.98='&8*='>=2.94(-43)7.&=(4:1)='*=&=8>3&542475->=4+= &11=,*3*7&=*=&2.3*)=:39.1=34<='*143,.3,=94=9-*=8:'+&2.1>=T*11.3.3&*`=':9=.39*7*89.3,1>= &184=4((:78=.3=&9=1*&89=9<4=P8&224'..)&*_=T-*=44(>9*=2475-414,>=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=M&(42&= (43897.(9&`=S97.,.11&=5.8.+472.8=T*11.3.)&*=&3)=S&3,:.341&7.&=8&3,:.341*39&=P8&224'..)&*= <&8=89:).*)=.3=9-*=57*8*39=<470`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`=<*= <.11= (425.1*= 85*72= :197&8897:(9:7*= .3+472&9.43`= *,,= 2475-414,.(&1= )*8(7.59.438`=8-*11=97&.98=&3)=DNA=)&9&=97>.3,=94=Q=3)=*;.)*3(*8=<-.(-=(43Q=72=47=)*3>= 9-*=*=.89*3(*=4+=574=.2.9>='*9<**3=P8&224'..)&*=&3)=T*11.3.3&*=85*(.*8_ F.3&3(.&1=S:55479a=FAPESP=,*+*2+/.2082`=,**32*10138-=&3)=PNPD2CAPES=++*02,*+*_ ,,. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T3_O0 ULTRA8STRUCTURAL=SPERM=FEATURES=AND=MOLECULAR=DATA= OF=CARYOCORBULA=CARIBAEA=DORBIGNY`=+2/-`=A=SPECIES=WITH= EXTRAORDINARY=CONCHOLOGICAL=PLASTICITY L*3.9&=)*=F7*.9&8=T&11&7.(4+`=G.8*1*=O71&3).=I3974c3.+`.`=A2&3)&=B43.3.+` =F1@;.4=D.&8=P&8848,`=F&'7.?.4=M&7(43)*8=M&(-&)4,`=E1.&3*=P.3947=)*=A77:)&-`= S-.71*.=M&7.&=R*((48P.2*39*1+ +D*5&792*39=4+=S97:(9:7&1=&3)=F:3(9.43&1=B.414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>`=C-&71*8=D&7<.3=S9`= S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&25.3&8`=+-*2-820-`=C&25.3&8`=SD4=P&:14`=B7&?.1=1*9&11&7.(4 ,2&.1_(42`= ,.8*1*471&3). ,2&.1_(42`=&2&3)&_8_'43.3. ,2&.1_(42`=8-.71*. :3.(&25_'7 ,D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=B.414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>`=C-&71*8=D&7<.3=S9`=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&25.3&8`= +-*2-820-`=C&25.3&8`=SD4=P&:14`=B7&?.1=R=&;.4)5 :3.(&25_'`=+&'7.?.42&7(43)*8 >&-44_(42_'7 -F*)*7&1=U3.;*78.9>=4+=SD4=C&7148`=J4D4=L*2*=)48=S&3948=H.,-<&>`=K2=++*`=+2*/,812*`=S474(&'&`=SP`= B7&?.1 .=F*)*7&1=F4:3)&9.43=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H*&19-=S(.*3(*8`=P4794=A1*,7*`=RS`=B7&?.1=&77:)&*5 >&-44_(42_'7 S>89*2&9.(8= 4+= C47':1.)&*= 8:55479*)= '>= &3&942.(&1= &3)= (43(-414,.(&1= 89:).*8= 7*2&.38=(43+:8*)=&3)=(43974;*78.&1=):*=94=9-*=1&7,*=5-*349>5.(=51&89.(.9>=4+=9-*=8-*118_= T3 N4<&)&>8`=&884(.&9.438=4+=)&9&=-&;*='**3=574548*)=.3=47)*7=94=8(7:9.3>=5->14,*3*9.(= .88:*8_=U197&897:(9:7&1=85*72&94?443=89:)>=&3)=241*(:1&7=&3&1>8*8=&7*=5*7+472*)=94= (1&7.+>= &3)= 574;.)*= ;&1:&'1*= 9&=4342.(= .3+472&9.43_= T-.8= <470= 9&7,*9*)= .3).;.):&18= <.9-= (4385.(:4:8= 8-*11= ).S=*7*3(*8= &= 57.47.= '*143,.3,= 94= 9<4= 5:9&9.;*= 85*(.*8_= T-*= 85*72&94?443= <&8= (1&88.Q=*)= .394= 57.2.9.;*= 47= &6:&85*72= 9>5*`= 8-4<.3,= 8-479= &3)= (43.(&1=&(74842&1=;*8.(1*`='&77*1=8-&5*)=3:(1*:8`=2.)5.*(*=(42548*)=4+=+4:7=85-*7.(&1= 2.94(-43)7.&=&3)=8.251*=R=&,*11:2_=T-*=(438.89*39=8.2.1&7.9>=8-&7*)='>=85*72&94?4&= 574):(*)= '>= &11= 89:).*)= 85*(.2*38= .3).(&9*)= 9-&9= 4:7= 8&251*= (477*8543)*)= 94= 43*= (4-*7*39=:3.9_=C438.)*7.3,=9-&9=.3).;.):&18=<.9-=7*1*;&39=(43(-414,.(&1=;&7.&9.43=<*7*= 349=).89.3,:.8-*)='>=85*72=:197&897:(9:7&1=97&.98`=9-*.7=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*3*=+0S=7DNA= <&8=5&79.&11>=8*6:*3(*)=&3)=(425&7*)_=DNA=8*6:*3(*8=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=)*8(7.59.438= 4+=85*72=:197&897:(9:7*=&3)=8-*11=&=7.':9*8=8:,,*89*)=9-&9=<*=<*7*=431>=)*&1.3,=<.9-= C&7>4(47':1&= (&7.'&*&`= )*85.9*= 9-*= *=97&47).3&7>= (43(-414,.(&1= 51&89.(.9>= *=-.'.9*)= '>= 9-*= (411*(9*)= 85*(.2*38_= B&8*)= 43= 9-*= 57*8*39= <470= &3)= 9-*= &;&.1&'1*= 1.9*7&9:7*= &'4:9='.;&1;*8`=.9=.8=5488.'1*=94=89&9*=9-&9=&1'*.9=).8(7.2.3&9.3,=.3;*89.,&9.438=':.19=43= (43(-414,>=&3)=85*72=2475-414,>=&7*=;&1.)=&3)=:3)4:'9*)1>=.25479&39`=9-*>=&7*=349= &1<&>8=(43(1:8.;*_=D*Q=3.9*1>`=<*=(43Q=72*)=9-&9=(42'.3*)=)&9&=&3&1>8.8=-&8='**3=9-*= 2489=8:.9&'1*=9441=94=.)*39.+>=C47':1.)&*=85*(.*8_ F.3&3(.&1=S:55479a=PNPD2CAPES=++*02,*+*`=FAPESP=,*+*2+/.2082=&3)=PIBIC2CNP6_
T3_O1 CREPIDULAS=ARROWSa=STRUCTURE=AND=UNUSUAL= TRANSMISSION=MODE=OF=SLIPPER=SHELL=SPERMATOZOA P*9*7=G_=B*3.3,*7`=A1*=&3)7&=V&1).?&3 L&'47&94.7*=)*=B.414,.*=M&7.3*`=F&(:19S=)*8=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9S=)*=N&39*8=P*9*7_B*3.3,*7 :3.;83&39*8_+7 T4= '*=*7= :3)*789&3)= 9-*= 7*574):(9.;*= '.414,>= 4+= 9-*= .3;&8.;*= 81.55*78-*11= C7*5.):1&= +473.(&9&`=<*=*=&2.3*)=9-*=85*72&9-*(&=&3)=85*72&94?4&=4+=&):19=85*(.2*38=(411*(9*)= .3=9-*=.39*79.)&1=:8.3,=-.89414,>`=8(&33.3,=&3)=97&382.88.43=*1*(9743=2.(748(45>_=T-*= ABSTRACTS ,,/
2&9:7*`= +.1.+472= ,&2*9*= 57*8*398= 9-*= ,*3*7&1= 47,&3.?&9.43= 4+= &= (&*34,&897454)= 85*72&94?4&3`= <.9-= &= 8-&751>854.39*)= &(74842*`= &3= *143,&9*)= 3:(1*:8`= &3= *143,&9*)= 2.)5.*(*= (439&.3.3,= 9-*= 2.94(-43)7.&= &77&3,*)= 7&).&11>= &'4:9= 9-*= &=43*2*`=&3)=&=143,=+1&,*11:2=(439&.3.3,=,1>(4,*3=7*8*7;*8=&77&3,*)=&'4:9=9-*= &=43*2*_=F4114<.3,=(45:1&9.43`=9-*=85*72&94?4&=1.3*=9-*=.33*7=*5.9-*1.:2=4+=9-*= 85*72&9-*(&_= TEM= 2.(74,7&5-8= 8-4<= 9-&9= 9-*= &(74842*8= &7*= &3(-47*)= <.9-.3= 9-*=(*118=4+=9-.8=*5.9-*1.:2`=<-.(-=)*,*3*7&9*8`=574'&'1>=&8=&=7*8:19=4+=9-*=1*8.438= 8:89&.3*)_= A= 3*<= *5.9-*1.&1= 1&>*7= +4728= '*3*&9-= 9-*= )*,*3*7&9.3,= 1&>*7_= T-*8*= 7*8:198= &7*= ).8(:88*)= .3= 9-*= (439*=9= 4+= C_= +473.(&9&8= 7*574):(9.;*= '.414,>`= 2489= 349&'1>=85*72=(425*9.9.43=&3)=8:7;.;&1_
T3_P+ MOLLUSCAN=ASSEMBLAGES=IN=THE=MUDDY=BOTTOMS=OF=THE= RÍA=DE=ALDÁN=GALICIA`=NW=IBERIAN=PENINSULA F*73&3)4=A3*.748+`=J:&3=M47*.7&,`=J*808=S_=T743(484+ +D*59_=)*=E(414,c&=>=B.414,c&=A3.2&1`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=)*1=M&7`=U3.;_=)*=V.,4`=C&25:8= U3.;*78.9&7.4=L&,4&88M&7(48*3)*`=-0-+*`=V.,4=P439*;*)7&`=S5&.3=+_&3*.748 :;.,4_*8`======9743(484 :;.,4_*8 T3 ,D*59_=)*=B.414,c&=Z4414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8`=U3.;_=A:9342&=)*=M&)7.)`=C2=D&7<.3=,`= ,2*.3`=C&394'1&3(4=M&)7.)`=S5&.3=/:&3_247*.7& :&2_*8= M411:8(8=&7*=&=,74:5=4+=,7*&9=.25479&3(*=.3=2:))>=8:'9.)&1='499428_=S42*=85*(.*8= 4+='.;&1;*8=&7*=+7*6:*391>=&243,=9-*=2489=&':3)&39=43*8=.3=9-*8*=(422:3.9.*8`=&3)= ,&897454)8`=9-4:,-=1*88=3:2*74:8`=:8:&11>=8-4<=&=,7*&9=).;*78.9>_=T-*=Rc&=)*=A1)@3= .8=&=82&11=*2'&>2*39=51&(*)=.3=9-*=NW=(4&89=4+=9-*=I'*7.&3=P*3.38:1&`='*143,.3,= 94=&=,74:5=4+=9*(943.(&11>8+472*)=*89:&7.*8=3&2*)=Rc&8=B&.=&8_=I98=.33*7=5&79=.8= (-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=2:))>='499428=<.9-=-.,-=47,&3.(=2&99*7=(439*398_=T<4=8&251.3,= 89&9.438=.3=9-&9=5&79=4+=9-*=*2'&>2*39=<*7*=89:).*)=+742=M&>=+332=94=M&>=+333`= &3)=-*7*=<*=(425&7*=9-*=2411:8(&3=+&:3&=+4:3)=.3=*&(-=4+=9-*2_=I3=*&(-=89&9.43`= +.;*=7*51.(&9*=8&251*8=<*7*=9&0*3=2439-1>='>=2*&38=4+=&=V&38V**3=,7&'=*_*/02,= &3)=9-*3=8.*;*)=9-74:,-=&=*_/22=2*8-_=B*39-.(=+&:3&=57*8*39=.3=9-*=8&251*8=<&8= 8479*)`=&3)=&11=9-*=2411:8(8=<*7*=.)*39.+.*)=&3)=(4:39*)_=A3=&)).9.43&1=8&251*=<&8= 9&0*3=94=)*9*72.3*=8*).2*39=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8_=P->8.(48(-*2.(&1=;&7.&'1*8=4+=<&9*7= &3)=8*).2*39=<*7*=&184=2*&8:7*)='>=2*&38=4+=&=5479&'1*=2.(74574(*8847_= A= 949&1= 4+= ++22-= .3).;.):&18= <*7*= +4:3)`= '*143,.3,= 94= +-/= ).++*7*39= 9&=&= -= 541>51&(45-47&38`= 2+= ,&897454)8`= /*= '.;&1;*8= &3)= += 8(&5-454)_= T-*= 4:9*72489= 89&9.43`=<-.(-=-&)=&=(4&78*7=&3)=247*=-*9*74,*3*4:8=8*).2*39`=&((4:39*)=+47=&= 949&1=4+=0.3,=.3).;.):&18=+742=31=).++*7*39=9&=&`=<-.1*=9-*=.33*72489=43*`=<-.(-=<&8= 2:)).*7=&3)=247*=47,&3.(&11>=*37.(-*)`=&((4:39*)=+47=&=949&1=4+=/-3+=.3).;.):&18= +742=22=).++*7*39=9&=&_=T-*=2489=&':3)&39=9&=&=<*7*=9-*='.;&1;*8=K:79.*11&='.)*39&9&= M439&,:`= +2*-`= C-&2*1*&= 897.&9:1&=)&=C489&`=+112`= T->&8.7&= +1*=:48&= M439&,:`= +2*-= &3)= T*11.3&= +&':1&= G2*1.3`= +13+b= &3)= 9-*= ,&897454)8= C>1.(-3&= (>1.3)7&(*&= P*33&39`=+111=&3)=C&1>597&*&=(-.3*38.8=L.33*4`=+1/2_ ,,0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T3_P, TWO=YEARS=INVESTIGATION=OF=INTERTIDAL=MOLLUSCAN=COMMUNITY= AFTER=THE=MASSIVE=EARTHQUAKE=AND=TSUNAMI W&9&7:=S-.34-&7&`=K*3/.=O048-. D*5&792*39=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*`=G7&):&9*=S(-441=4+=S(.*3(*`=T4-4=U3.;*78.9>`=M.>&2&=,8,8+= F:3&'&8-.`=C-.'&`=,1.82/+*`=J&5&3=00+,**08 3(_94-48:_&(_/5`=0*3/._4048-. *3;_8(._94-48:_&(_/5 T-*=5-*342*343=8&.)=94=-&55*3=43(*=.3=+***=>*&78=4((:77*)=.3=J&5&3_=F4114<.3,=9-*= P&(.Q=(=(4&89=4+=T4-40:=E&79-6:&0*=43=M&7(-=++9-=.3=,*++`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`=L.=47.3&= '7*;.(:1&=&3)=B&9.11&7.&=(:2.3,.=9-&9=(&3=24;*=9-*28*1;*8=<*7*=+4:3)=&9=8-47*8=9-&9=<*7*= T3 1&3)= '*+47*= 9-*= *&79-6:&0*_= M&98:0&<&8:7&= I31*9= <&8= &=&(0*)= '>= 98:3&2.= 7*&(-*)= 4;*7=3=2_=S:7+&(*=8&3)=&3)=2489=4+=9-*=2411:808=.3-&'.9*)=.3=9-*7*=<*7*=9*2547&7.1>= 7:8-*)='>=9-*=98:3&2._=A3)=9-*3=M&(42&=(439&(:1&9&=&3)=M>&=&7*3&7.&=4434,&.=9-&9=<*7*= ).897.':9*)=.3=)**5=<*7*=):,=4:9=94=8:7+&(*_=I3=S40&3?&3=9.)&1=R=&98`=M&>=,*++`=/:;*3.1*8= &3)=&):198=4+=2411:808=<*7*=+4:3)=&9=9-*=8&2*=51&(*_=A184`=2:(-=*5.+&:3&=+4:3)=&9=9-*= 8:7+&(*_ T-*= 7*8:19= 8:,,*898= 9-&9= 8479= 4+= ).89:7'&3(*= <&8= ).S=*7*39= '>= 51&(*_= T-*7*+47*`= 94= &88*88= 9-*= .25&(9= 43= 2&(74'*39-.(= (422:3.9>= '>= 8479= 4+= ).89:7'&3(*`= <*= *=&2.3*)= (-&3,*8=.3=85*(.*8=7.(-3*88=4+=2&(74'*39-.(=&3.2&18='*+47*=&3)=&V=*7=9-*=*&79-6:&0*_= T-*=7*8:19=8-4<*)=9-&9=85*(.*8=7.(-3*88=)*(7*&8*)=8.,3.Q=(&391>=&9=M&98:0&<&8:7&=I31*9= .3= (425&7.843= 94= 49-*7= 9<4= 8.9*8_= A19-4:,-= 2&3>= 2411:808= <*7*= )&2&,*)= '>= 1&3)= 8:'8.)*3(*=&3)=98:3&2.`=51:7&1=7*(7:.92*39=4+=/:;*3.1*=<&8=4'8*7;*)=&V=*7=J:1>=,*++_= H4<*;*7=<*=574;*)=842*=85*(.*8=4+=2411:808=<*7*=:389&'1*=9-*.7=545:1&9.438=&V=*7=9-*= *&79-6:&0*_
T3_P- COLONISATION=PATTERNS=OF=COCKLE= CERASTODERMA=EDULE=LINNAEUS=+1/2=POST8LARVAE T.249->=W-.=43+`=C-7.8=R.(-&7)843+`=J&3=H.)).30+`=S9:&79=J*30.38+`=B7>&3=J43*8, +S(-441=4+=O(*&3=S(.*3(*8`=B&3,47=U3.;*78.9>`=M*3&.=B7.),*`=UK`=LL/3=/AB=9_<-.=43 '&3,47_&(_:0 ,E3;.7432*39=A,*3(>=:=W&1*8`=N479-*73=A7*&=OT==(*`=F+47))=P*31&3`=P&7(=M*3&.`=B&3,47`= G<>3*))`=LL/1=.DE='7>&3_/43*8 *3;.7432*398&,*3(>_<&1*8_,4;_:0 T-*=(42243=(4(01*=C*7&894)*72&=*):1*=.8=&3=.25479&39='.;&1;*=85*(.*8=4+=84V=88*).2*39= .39*79.)&1=8-47*=(422:3.9.*8=4+=3479-=<*89*73=E:745*`=&3)=.8=&=(422*7(.&11>=*=514.9*)= 85*(.*8_=C4(01*=545:1&9.438=4V=*3=-&;*=-.,-1>=5&9(->=).897.':9.438=&3)=9-*=84:7(*=4+= 9-.8=85&9.&1=;&7.&'.1.9>=.3=).897.':9.43=.8=(:77*391>=(438.)*7*)=94='*=,*3*7&9*)=9-74:,-= *&71>= 548988*=1*2*39= 574(*88*8_= T-*= 4'/*(9.;*= 4+= 9-.8= 89:)>= <&8= 94= 7*(47)= .3.9.&1= (4143.8&9.43=5&=*738=&3)=-4<=.9=(-&3,*8=4;*7=9.2*=&(7488=9-*=8-47*=94=.3+472=5488.'1*= ABSTRACTS ,,1
574(*88*8=(7*&9.3,=5&9(-.3*88_==A=89&,,*7*)=3*89*)=)*8.,3=<&8=:8*)=+742=J:3*=,*+*=94= F*'7:&7>=,*+,=&9=T7&*9-=M*1>34,=43=A3,1*8*>=<.9-=1/=8&251*=54.398=).897.':9*)=&(7488= +/=97&38*(98=&9=*=543*39.&11>=.3(7*&8.3,=).89&3(*8`=+742=*_1=94=+--_-=2_=A11=(4(01*=54898 1&7;&*=8&251*)=<*7*=(4:39*)=&3)=9-*.7=8-*11=1*3,9-=2*&8:7*)_=S*=1*2*39=4+=548981&7;&*= 4((:77*)= .3= 1&9*= M&>= 94= *&71>= J:3*= &3)= <&8= 7*897.(9*)= 94= 9-*= 14<= 8-47*= <.9-= &= 5*&0= )*38.9>=4+=.`00-=548981&7;&*=2J=&9=&=2*&3=8-*11=1*3,9-=&(7488=&11=89&9.438=4+=111= 2=)= .-= S_E__=AV=*7= J:3*`= (4143.8&9.43= 4+= 9-*= 2.)= 8-47*`= &3)= 94= &= 1.2.9*)= *=9*39= 9-*= -.,-= 8-47*`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`=47=5&88.;*1>=.3=8(4:7.3,=(:77*398_
T3 ,,2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+* CLIMATE=CHANGE=AND=MOLLUSCAN=ECOPHYSIOLOGY 8543847*)='>=A2*7.(&3=M&1&(414,.(&1=S4(.*9>=:=AMS P*9*7=M&704+`=B7&)=S*.'*1, +C1*2843=U3.;*78.9>`=D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=+-,=L43,=H&11`=C1*2843=U3.;*78.9>`=C1*2843`= SC=,30-.8*-+.`=USA=52&704 (1*2843_*): ,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=+,*=F1&,,=R4&)`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=R-4)*=I81&3)`=K.3,8943`=RI=*,22+=:= *2+0`=USA=8*.'*1 :7._*): A39-7454,*3.(= (1.2&9*= (-&3,*8= -&;*= &19*7*)= 9-*= 5->8.(&1= &3)= (-*2.(&1= 3&9:7*= 4+= 9-*= 2&7.3*= *3;.7432*39= <.9-= .25&(98= 43= 9-*= ,*4,7&5-.(= ).897.':9.43`= 5->8.414,.(&1= 5*7+472&3(*`= &3)= *;41:9.43&7>= 97&/*(947.*8= 4+= 2411:8(8_= T-*8*= (-&3,*8= .3(1:)*= 8*&8 8:7+&(*=<&72.3,`=4(*&3=&(.).Q=(&9.43=&3)=*=5&3).3,=->54=.&=9-&9=2&>=&(9=.3)*5*3)*391>= 47= 8>3*7,.89.(&11>= 94= &19*7= 5->8.414,.(&1= 574(*88*8= 8:(-= &8= 2*9&'41.82`= (&1(.Q=(&9.43`= &(.)8'&8*='&1&3(*`='144)84=>,*3=97&385479`=&3)=,74<9-=&243,=49-*78_=T-*=8(45*=&3)= 8(&1*= 4+= 5->8.414,.(&1= (-&3,*= 9-&9= .3).;.):&18= :3)*7,4= <.11= +:3)&2*39&11>= .3R=:*3(*= 9-*=*(414,.(&1=&3)=*;41:9.43&7>=7*85438*8=4+=545:1&9.438=&3)=85*(.*8`=2&3>=4+=<-.(-= &7*= .25479&39= (42543*398= 4+= 2&7.3*= *(48>89*28_= T-.8= 8>2548.:2= <.11= &))7*88= 9-*= ).7*(9=&3)=.3).7*(9=.25&(98=4+=.3(7*&8*)=(&7'43=).4=.)*=&3)=9-*=2*(-&3.828=2&7.3*= 2411:8(8=:8*=94=(425*38&9*=+47=9-*8*=(-&3,*8`=9-*.7=3&9:7&1=*;41;*)=941*7&3(*8`=&3)=9-*= T+* *3*7,*9.(`=*(414,.(&1`=&3)='.4,*4,7&5-.(=(438*6:*3(*8=4+=(425*38&9.43_=W-.1*=(1.2&9*= (-&3,*=<.11=.25&(9=&11=2&7.3*=47,&3.828`=2411:8(8=&7*=:3.6:*=.3=2&3>=7*85*(98=&3)=9-.8= 8>2548.:2=<.11=*=5147*=9-48*=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8_=W*=-&;*=7*(7:.9*)=&3)=(439.3:*=94=.3;.9*= 85*&0*78= <-48*= 9&108= <.11= &))7*88= 9-*= *S=*(98= 4+= (1.2&9*= (-&3,*`= '74&)1>= )*Q=3*)`= 43= 2411:8(8=&9=&3>=9.2*=8(&1*=&3)=&9=&3>=1*;*1=4+='.414,.(&1=47,&3.?&9.43`=+742=241*(:1*8= 94=*(48>89*28_
T+*_O+ WARMING=FORE8REEF=SLOPES=AND=ITS=EFFECT= ON=THE=BIOLOGY=AND=DISTRIBUTION=OF=NAUTILUSa REPLAY=OF=ANCIENT=GREENHOUSE=MASS=EXTINCTION=HISTORY P*9*7=W&7) D*5&792*39=4+=E&79-=&3)=S5&(*=S(.*3(*8=U3.;*78.9>=4+=W&8-.3,943=J4-3843=H&11=R28*1*`=B4==-/+-+*`= .***=+/9-=A;*3:*=NE=S*&=1*`=WA=32+3/8+-+*=W&7)_'.414,>_:< ,2&.1_(42 S5*(.*8=4+=9-*=1.;.3,=3&:9.1.)8`='*143,.3,=94=9-*=,*3*7&=4+=N&:9.1:8=&3)=A1143&:9.1:8`=&7*= ).897.':9*)=&(7488=&3)=*34724:8=7&3,*=4+=9-*=9745.(&1=W*89*73=P&(.Q=(=&3)=*&89*73=I3).&3= O(*&38_=T-*>=&7*=+4:3)=*=(1:8.;*1>=43=+47*=7**+=8145*8`=:8:&11>=&9=)*59-8='*9<**3=+**= &3)=0**2`=&19-4:,-=.3=9<4=51&(*8`=N*<=C&1*)43.&=&3)=V&3:&9:`=9-*>=(&3='*=+4:3)=&9= 3*&7=8:7+&(*=)*59-8=&9=3.,-9_=W*=-&;*='**3=&((:2:1&9.3,=(425&7&9.;*=545:1&9.43=8.?*= )&9&=+742='49-=Q=8-*)=&3)=:3Q=8-*)=8.9*8=<-*7*=N&:9.1:8=.8=034<3=94=4((:7=94=9*89= 9-*=5488.'.1.9>=9-&9=842*=85*(.*8=47=545:1&9.438=2&>='*=9-7*&9*3*)='>=4;*7Q=8-.3,`=&3)= 9-*= )&9&= 89743,1>= 8-4<= 9-&9= 4:7= 8&251*)`= Q=8-*)= 545:1&9.43`= +742= B4-41`= P-.1.55.3*= I81&3)8`=.8=&8=2:(-=&8=9<4=47)*78=4+=2&,3.9:)*=7&7*7=9-&3=+742=9-*=G7*&9=B&77.*7=R**+`= F_=.`=&3)=S&24&_=H4<*;*7`=*;*3=8&251*8=+742=9-*8*=1&=*7=:3Q=8-*)=8.9*8=)*243897&9*= 14<*7=545:1&9.438=9-&3=<*7*=57*8*39=431>=9<4=94=9-7**=)*(&)*8=&,4`=&3)=9-.8=4'8*7;&9.43= (&3349= '*= &8(7.'*)= 94= Q=8-.3,= &143*_= O(*&3.(= <&72.3,= 2&>= '*= )7.;.3,= 57*)&9478= 94= ABSTRACTS ,,3
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4+=-.,-=5CO,=43=&(.)8'&8*=7*,:1&9.43=&'.1.9.*8=.3=1&7;&1=&3)=&):19=89&,*8=4+=2411:8(8=&3)= *(-.34)*728=&3)=<.11=54.39=&9=9-*=549*39.&1=:3.+>.3,=741*=4+=*3*7,>=':),*9=24):1&9.43=+47= &88*88.3,=;:13*7&'.1.9>_=I=&184=<.11=(425&7*=1&'47&947>=&3)=Q=*1)=7*8:198=&3)=).8(:88=9-*=3**)= ABSTRACTS ,-+
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T+*_O/ MOVING=BEYOND=MORTALITYa= A=METABOLIC=FRAMEWORK=FOR=EXPLORING=EFFECTS= OF=CLIMATE=CHANGE=ON=INTERTIDAL=MUSSEL=BED=ZONATION A11.843=M&9?*11*+`=M&(0*3?.*=Z.55&>,`=G.&31:(&=S&7@-`=V&1*7.&=M439&194-`=F7&3(.8=C-4.+`= S-&)4<=G:11*),*,`=N.(41*=K.8-,`=B7.&3=H*12:9-+ +M&7.3*=S(.*3(*=C*39*7`=N479-*&89*73=U3.;*78.9>`=N&-&39`=MA=*+3*2=USA=-*12:9- 3*:_*): ,E3;.7432*39=&3)=S:89&.3&'.1.9>=P74,7&2`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-=C&741.3&`=C41:2'.&=SC=,3,*2=USA======?.55&> *3;.743_8(_*): -D.5&79.2*394=).=S(.*3?*=)*11&=T*77&=*=)*1=M&7*`=U3.;*78.9A=).=P&1*724`=P&1*724`=I9&1>=,8&7& :3.5&_.9 A9=9-*=.39*7+&(*=4+=9-*=9*77*897.&1=&3)=2&7.3*=*3;.7432*398`=.39*79.)&1=*(48>89*28=549*39.&11>= 8*7;*=&8=&3=*&71>=.3).(&947=4+=9-*=.25&(98=4+=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*_==O'8*7;&9.438=4+=8-.V=8=.3=?43&9.43= &3)=(-&3,*8=.3=,*4,7&5-.(=5&=*738=.3='*)8+472.3,=2:88*18=-&;*='**3=7*5479*)=<471)<.)*`= <.9-= 8:'8*6:*39= .25&(98= 43= .3+&:3&1= ).;*78.9>_= B*(&:8*= 14(&1= *3;.7432*39&1= (43).9.438= &7*=4V=*3=.).48>3(7&9.(`=+47*(&89.3,=1.0*1>=+:9:7*=*S=*(98=4+=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*=43=?43&9.43=(&3= '*= (-&11*3,.3,_= = U8.3,= <*118)*;*145*)= (4:51*)= '.45->8.(&1= -*&9= ':),*9= &3)= *3*7,*9.(= D>3&2.(=E3*7,>=B:),*9=24)*11.3,=&5574&(-*8`=(42'.3*)=<.9-=&=)*(&)*8143,=(439.3:4:8= T+* 7*(47)= 4+= .39*79.)&1= 2:88*1= 9*25*7&9:7*8`= <*= *=5147*= -4<= (-&3,*8= .3= *3;.7432*39&1= (43).9.438=<.3)=85**)`=&.7=9*25*7&9:7*`=<&9*7=9*25*7&9:7*=&3)=<&;*=851&8-=&7*=549*39.&11>= 97&381&9*)=.394=*S=*(98=43=2:88*1=8.?*`=,74<9-=&3)=7*574):(9.;*=4:95:9=.3=2:88*1='*)8_==W*= :8*=&=,*3*7.(=24)*11.3,=&5574&(-=9-&9=.8=&551.(&'1*=94=2:88*18=.3=9-*=,*3:8=M>9.1:8`=&3)= 5*7+472=&=8*38.9.;.9>=&3&1>8.8=4+=5&7&2*9*78=9-&9=&7*=1.0*1>=94=;&7>='*9<**3=85*(.*8`=47=&8=9-*= 7*8:19=4+=14(&1=&)&59&9.43=&3)=&((1.2&9.?&9.43_==O:7=7*8:198=*25-&8.?*=9-*=.39*7&(9.;*=.3R=:*3(*= 4+=2:19.51*=*3;.7432*39&1=)7.;*78`=&3)=(&:9.43=&,&.389=9-*=:8*=4+=8.3,1*=2*97.(8=8:(-=&8=&.7= 9*25*7&9:7*=.3=+47*(&89.3,=<-*7*`=<-*3=&3)=<.9-=<-&9=2&,3.9:)*=*3;.7432*39&1=(-&3,*= .25&(98=&7*=1.0*1>=94=4((:7_
T+*_O0 INTERTIDAL=OYSTER=AND=MUSSEL=BEDS=IN=A=GLOBAL=WARMING= PERSPECTIVE_=TRADE8OFFS=AND=MICROCLIMATIC=DOWNSCALING F41(4=G.42.+`,`=C43(*=&=M&3)&,1.4,`=M439-43=G&32&3**-`=V&1*7.&=M439&194,`======A1*88&3)74=R.3&1).,`=G7&>`=A_=W.11.&28.`=G.&31:(&=S&7A, +I39*,7&9.;*=E(45->8.414,>`=A1+7*)=W*,*3*7=I389.9:9*=+47=P41&7=&3)=M&7.3*=R*8*&7(-`=A2=H&3)*18-&+*3=+,`=,1/1*= B7*2*7-&;*3`=G*72&3>=+41(4_,.42. &<._)* ,L&'47&947>=4+=E=5*7.2*39&1=E(414,>`=D*5&792*39=4+=E&79-=&3)=M&7.3*=S(.*3(*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P&1*724`= V.&1*=)*11*=S(.*3?*=E)_=+0`=3*+,2=P&1*724`=I9&1>=(43(*=&2&3)&,1.4 ,2&.1_(42`=&_7.3&1).2- ,2&.1_(42`= 2439&194;&1*7.& ,2&.1_(42`=,.&31:(&_8&7& :3.5&_.9 -D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=P74):(9.43=T*(-3414,>=&3)=F.8-*7.*8`=K.3,=M43,0:98=I389.9:9*=4+=T*(-3414,>= L&)07&'&3,`=C-&143,07:3,=R)_`=L&)07&'&3,`=B&3,040=+*/,*_=T-&.1&3)=002439-4 ,2&.1_(42 .T-*=S<.7*=I389.9:9*=4+=M&7.3*=S(.*3(*`=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=T-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H43,=K43,`=P40+:1&2= R4&)`=H43,=K43,=-78'<,& -0:_-0 I39*79.)&1= 47,&3.828= 43= 74(0>= 8-47*= -&;*= *;41;*)= 2475-414,.(&1= &3)= 5->8.414,.(&1= &)&59&9.438=94=*3;.7432*39&1=;&7.&'.1.9>_=V&7.&9.43=.3=9*25*7&9:7*`=.3=5&79.(:1&7`=-&8=&= ,-, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
5742.3*39=*S=*(9=.3=8-&5.3,=9-.8=-&'.9&9=8.3(*=.9=1&7,*1>=.3 =:*3(*8=.3).;.):&1=47,&3.828= 5*7+472&3(*=&3)=9-*7*+47*`=(422:3.9>=(42548.9.43_=S5*(.*8=1.;.3,=.3=9745.(&1=7*,.438= -&;*='**3=->549-*8.?*)=94='*=5&79.(:1&71>=8*38.9.;*=94=,14'&1=<&72.3,='*(&:8*=4+=9-*.7= 1.2.9*)=&((1.2&9.43=(&5&(.9>=&3)=9-*=+&(9=9-&9=9-*=7&3,*=4+=*3;.7432*39&1=9*25*7&9:7*8= 4V=*3=&5574&(-*8=9-*.7=57*).(9*)=:55*7=9-*72&1=1.2.98_=T-*=57*8*39=89:)>=(-&11*3,*8=9-*= ,*3*7&1.9>=4+=9-*8*=574/*(9.438='>=.3;*89.,&9.3,=9-*=9-*72&1=5*7+472&3(*8=4+=9-*=9745.(&1= '.;&1;*`=I84,34243=3:(1*:8=&3)=9-*=741*=4+=2.(74(1.2&9.(=*3,.3**7=4+=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3= M>9.1&89*7=2.3.2:8_ I_= 3:(1*:8= <&8= 8:'/*(9*)= 94= &(:9*= <&72.3,= <-*3= 7*8.22*78*)= &V=*7= 9-*= *=548.9.43= 94= -*&9=*;*398=4+=.3(7*&8*)=.39*38.9>=<-*3=*2*78*)_=E=97*2*=-*&9=*=548:7*=).)=349=.3):(*= )*97.2*39&1=*S=*(98=.3=9-*='.;&1;*8_=I3=(4397&89`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a=PATTERNS=OF=MORTALITY=AND=METABOLOMIC= IDENTIFICATION=OF=KEY=BIOMARKERS B7*3)43=J_=D:35->+`=E11.*=W&=8,`=N472&3=L_C_=R&,,, +T-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=A:(01&3)`=P7.;&9*=B&,=3,*+3`=A:(01&3)=++.,`=N*<=Z*&1&3)======'_):35-> &:(01&3)_&(_3?= ,T-*=C&<9-743=I389.9:9*`=P7.;&9*=B&,=,`=N*1843=1*.,`=N*<=Z*&1&3) T-*= ,7**381.55*)= 2:88*1= P*73&= (&3&1.(:1:8= .8= &3= *(4342.(&11>= &3)= *(414,.(&11>= .25479&39=2&7.3*=85*(.*8=<.9-.3=N*<=Z*&1&3)`=>*9=.98=+&9*=:3)*7=+:9:7*=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*= (43).9.438=.8=:3034<3_=T4=&))7*88=9-.8`=<*=84:,-9=94=(-&7&(9*7.8*=9-*=9-*724941*7&3(*= (&5&(.9>=4+=P_=(&3&1.(:1:8=&):198`=&3)=.)*39.+>=&3>=2*9&'41.(='.42&70*78=4+=9-*72&1=897*88= .3=9-.8=85*(.*8_=T4=&(-.*;*=9-.8`=2:88*18=<*7*=*=548*)=94=&=-=-=&(:9*=9*25*7&9:7*=(-&11*3,*= :8.3,=9*25*7&9:7*8=4+=,*=JC=A2'.*39`=,/=JC`=,3=JC`=-+=JC`=--=JC`=&3)=-/=JC_=A)).9.43&11>`= 2:88*18=<*7*=).;.)*)=.394=9<4=97*&92*398`=3&2*1>= 57*8897*88*)=+=-=*=548:7*=94=,3=JC`= 9-*=)&>='*+47*=9-*724941*7&3(*=*=5*7.2*39=&3)= 3&;*=34=57*8897*88=&)2.3.89*7*)_= N4=2479&1.9>=<&8=4'8*7;*)=.3=2:88*18=*=548*)=94=,*`=,/`=,3`=&3)=-+=JC=*;*3=&V=*7=-*=)&>8= 7*(4;*7>_=H4<*;*7`=3&;*=2:88*18=*=548*)=94=--=&3)=-/=JC=*=-.'.9*)=+**=2479&1.9>= .2=-=5489=*=5*7.2*39b=<-*7*&8=57*8897*88*)=2:88*18=431>=*=-.'.9*)=2479&1.9>=&9=-/JC_= G.11= 9.88:*8= <*7*= -&7;*89*)= +742= 2:88*18= +742= '49-= 97*&92*398= &3)= 2*9&'41.9*= 1*;*18=(-&7&(9*7.8*)=;.&=GC8MS_=A3&1>8.8=4+=.2=2*9&'41.9*8=;.&=ANOVA=7*;*&1*)=&= 89&9.89.(&11>=8.,3.Q=(&39=.39*7&(9.43='*9<**3=97*&92*39=,=9*25*7&9:7*=+47=8:((.3.(=&(.)_= T-.8=<&8=*;.)*3(*)='>=,7*&9*7=&((:2:1&9.43=4+=8:((.3.(=&(.)=.3=3&;*=;8=57*8897*88*)= 2:88*18=&9=--JCb=&3)=*;*3=,7*&9*7=8:((.3.(=&(.)=1*;*18=&((:2:1&9.3,=.3='49-=97*&92*398= ABSTRACTS ,--
&9=-/=JC_==T-*7*+47*`=4:7=7*8:198=7*;*&1=9-&9=2479&1.9>=.3=9-*72&11>=897*88*)=P_=(&3&1.(:1:8= .8=&'7:59=&3)=2479&1.9>=8**28=&88:7*)=43(*=9*25*7&9:7*8=7*&(-=-/=JC_=A((:2:1&9.43= 4+=8:((.3.(=&(.)=97&(0*)=5&=*738=4+=2479&1.9>=9-:8=-&8=549*39.&1=&8=&='.42&70*7=4+= 9-*72&1= 897*88_= F:79-*7247*`= <.9-= .3(7*&8*)= -*&9<&;*= *;*398= 57*).(9*)= :3)*7= (1.2&9*=(-&3,*=9-*=5*78.89*3(*=4+=9-.8=85*(.*8=.3=9-*=.39*79.)&1=?43*=4+=N*<=Z*&1&3)= 7*2&.38=:3(*79&.3_
T+*_O2 THE=INTERACTIVE=EFFECTS=OF=OCEAN=WARMING=AND=ACIDIFICATION= ON=PACIFIC=OYSTER=LARVAE F7&:0*=B&,:8(-*+`=P.*77.(0=L*=S4:(-:,`=S9*5-&3*=P4:;7*&:,`=C1.;*=T7:*2&3+`= S&7&-=L43,+`=C-7.8=H&:943+ +N&9.43&1=O(*&34,7&5->=C*397*`=E:745*&3=W&>`=SO+.=-ZH=S4:9-&25943`=UK======+7&:0*_'&,:8(-* 34(_84943_&(_:0`=97:*2&3 34(_84943_&(_:0`=8143,,+ -492&.1_(4_:0`======(-+* 34(_84943_&(_:0 ,IFREMER=:=S9&9.43=)A7,*3943`=++=P7*86:1*=):=;.;.*7`=,32.*=A7,*3943=*3=L&3):3;*?`=F7&3(*= S9*5-&3*_P4:;7*&: .+7*2*7_+7`=P.*77.(0_L*_S4:(-: .+7*2*7_+7 C7&884897*&=,.,&8=1&7;&*=<*7*=574):(*)=&3)=(:19:7*)=4;*7=9-*=*39.7*=1&7;&1=(>(1*=:39.1= 2*9&2475-48.8=.3=+4:7=).S=*7*39=(43).9.438=(439741=,*=JC=5H=2_+b=,.=JC=5H=2b=,*=JC=5H= 1_.b=,.=JC=5H=1_.='&8*)=43=+:9:7*=IPCC=8(*3&7.48=94=.3;*89.,&9*=9-*=.25&(98=4+=(-&3,*8= T+* .3= 9*25*7&9:7*= &3)= 5H= 43= 1&7;&1= 8-*11= )*;*1452*39_= B>= :8.3,= ;&7.4:8= 241*(:1&7= 9*(-3.6:*8=8:(-=&8=,*3*=Q=8-.3,`=(143.3,=&3)=)*,*3*7&9*=PCR`=+4:7=,*3*8=.3;41;*)=.3= '.42.3*7&1.8&9.43=574(*88*8=):7.3,=9-*=)*;*1452*39=4+=C_=,.,&8=<*7*=.)*39.Q=*)_==W.9-= 6:&39.9&9.;*=7*&189.2*=PCR=9-*=*=57*88.43=4+=CGC&M`=CGD*39`=CGP*71=&3)=CGMG.=<*7*= &3&1>8*)=&3)=).S=*7*3(*8=):7.3,=)*;*1452*39=&3)='*9<**3=9-*=).S=*7*39=*3;.7432*39&1= (43).9.438=<*7*=(425&7*)_=U8.3,=F4:7.*7=T7&38+472=I3+7&7*)=85*(9748(45>=&3)=8(&33.3,= *1*(9743=2.(748(45>`=(-&3,*8=.3=2.3*7&1=(7>89&11.3.9>=&3)=.3=8-*11=2.(74897:(9:7*8=):7.3,= )*;*1452*39=&3)='*9<**3=9-*=).S=*7*39=(43).9.438=<*7*=&3&1>8*)_ I9=<&8=8-4<3=+47=9-*=Q=789=9.2*=-4<=9-*=8>3*7,.89.(=*S=*(98=4+=4(*&3=&(.).Q=(&9.43=&3)= 4(*&3=<&72.3,=&S=*(9='.42.3*7&1.8&9.43=574(*88*8=.3=&=(422*7(.&11>=.25479&39='.;&1;*= 85*(.*8=&3)=9-*=7*8:19.3,=.251.(&9.438=43=C_=,.,&8=)*;*1452*39=+742=&=241*(:1&7=94=&= 2.3*7&14,.(&1=1*;*1_=T-*=89:)>=)*243897&9*)=9-&9=9-*=*S=*(98=4+=9*25*7&9:7*=&3)=5H`= &143*=&3)=.3=(42'.3&9.43`=-&)=4;*7&11=3*,&9.;*=*S=*(98=43=C_=,.,&8=)*;*1452*39`='&8*)= 43=)*(7*&8*)=,74<9-=7&9*8`=.3(7*&8*)=2.3*7&1=).847)*7=&3)=&19*7*)=,*3*=*=57*88.43=4+= 80*1*94,*3*8.887*1&9*)=,*3*8_=U3)*7=9-*=(43).9.438=4+=9-.8=*=5*7.2*39`=14<=5H=<&8=&= ,7*&9*7=8.3,1*=897*8847=9-&3=-.,-=9*25*7&9:7*`=<-*7*&8=9-*=(42'.3&9.43=4+=9-*8*=9<4= +&(9478=574):(*)=,7*&9*7=(-&3,*8=.3=5->8.414,>=&3)=8-*11=5745*79.*8=.3=C_=,.,&8=9-&3= *&(-= 4+= 9-*= +&(9478= &143*_= I9= (&3= '*= (43(1:)*)= 9-&9= .25&.7*)= 8-*11= ,74<9-= .3(1:).3,= (47748.438`=2&1+472&9.438=&3)=.3(7*&8*)=2.3*7&1=).847)*7=&7*=1.0*1>=94=/*45&7).8*=9-*= 8:7;.;&1=4+=1&7;&*=&3)=2&>=1*&)=94=7*):(9.438=.3='49-=3&9:7&1=&3)=(422*7(.&1=4>89*7= 545:1&9.438_= ,-. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+*_O3 PHYSIOLOGY=AND=BIOGEOGRAPHYa=THE=RESPONSE=OF=EUROPEAN= MUSSELS=MYTILUS=SPP_=TO=CLIMATE=CHANGE E1.?&'*9-=K_=F1>`=R-.&3343=L_=R4,389&)`=D&;.)=S_=W*9-*>`=T-42&8=J_=H.1'.8- D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-=C&741.3&`=C41:2'.&`=SC=,3,*2=USA======1.?0R=> ,2&.1_(42`=7174,389&) ,2&.1_(42`=<*9-*> '.41_8(_*):`=-.1'.8- '.41_8(_*): T4=:3)*789&3)=-4<=*(414,.(&1=(422:3.9.*8=2&>=7*8543)=94=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*=<*=-&;*= &)459*)= 9-*= &5574&(-= 4+= )*9*72.3.3,= 9-*= 7*85438*= 4+= 2&/47= *(48>89*2= (4389.9:*398= ._*_= *(48>89*2= *3,.3**78= 9-&9= )*9*72.3*= (422:3.9>= (42548.9.43= &3)= +:3(9.43_= W*= :9.1.?*= 9<4= &5574&(-*8`= (477*1&9.;*= &3)= 2*(-&3.89.(`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`=<-.1*=M_= ,&114574;.3(.&1.8=(&3=2&.39&.3=&=548.9.;*=*3*7,>='&1&3(*=&9=SST=:5=94=-*=JC_=T-*7*=.8=34= T+* ).S=*7*3(*=.3=*3*7,*9.(=7*85438*=4+=9-*=9<4=85*(.*8=&9=(41)=9*25*7&9:7*8=/8+*=JC_=T-*= :55*7= 9*25*7&9:7*= 9-7*8-41)= 4+= 548.9.;*= *3*7,>='&1&3(*= .3= *&(-= 85*(.*8= (477*8543)8= (148*1>=94=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=SST=&9=9-*.7=7*85*(9.;*=84:9-*73=7&3,*=1.2.98=.3=E:745*_== A19*73&9.;*1>`=9-*=3479-*73=7&3,*=1.2.9=4+=M_=,&114574;.3(.&1.8=(4.3(.)*8=<.9-=&7*&8=<-*7*= <.39*7=SST=.8=1*88=9-&3=3=JC`=':9=9-*7*=.8=34=*;.)*3(*=4+=&3=*3*7,*9.(=1.2.9=94=9-.8=85*(.*8= &9=9-*=(41)=*3)=4+=.98=,*4,7&5-.(=7&3,*_=P7*8*391>=9-*7*=.8=34=2*(-&3.89.(=*=51&3&9.43=+47= 9-*=).S=*7*3(*='*9<**3=85*(.*8=.3=9-*.7=3479-*73=7&3,*=1.2.98b=-4<*;*7`=&8=.3).(&9*)='>= 9-*=R&3)42=F47*89=24)*1`=M_=,&114574;.3(.&1.8=&55*&78=94='*=1.2.9*)='>=(41)=9*25*7&9:7*8= ):7.3,=<.39*7`=8:,,*89.3,=9-*=->549-*8.8=4+=+&.1:7*=.3=7*574):(9.;*=)*;*1452*39_=T-*8*= &5574&(-*8=&114<=+47=9-*=&'.1.9>=94=+47*(&89=(-&3,*8=.3=9-*=).897.':9.438=4+=9-*8*=9<4= 85*(.*8=.3=E:745*=&8=SST=(439.3:*8=94=.3(7*&8*_
T+*_O+* OPEN=AIR=DININGa CIRCATIDAL=FORAGING=PATTERNS=OF=THE=INTERTIDAL=WHELK= NUCELLA=OSTRINA=IN=A=COMPLEX=THERMAL=LANDSCAPE E2.1>=C&77.3,943+`=H.1&7>=H&>+47),`=S&7&-=G.12&3-`=K7.89.3&=K:11+ +F7.)&>=H&7'47=L&'47&947.*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=W&8-.3,943`=F7.)&>=H&7'47=WA=32,/*`=USA======*(&77.3, :<_*):`=0/0:11 :<_*): ,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=W&8-.3,943`=S*&=1*=WA=32+3/`=USA=-&>+47) :<_*): -W_=M_=K*(0=S(.*3(*=D*5&792*39`=T-*=C1&7*2439=C411*,*8`=C1&7*2439=CA=3+1++`USA======8,.12&3 0*(08(._(1&7*2439_*): A3=.25479&39=Q=789=89*5=94=57*).(9.3,=9-*=*S=*(98=4+=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*=.8=94=(-&7&(9*7.?*=9-*= 2.(74(1.2&9*= .3= <-.(-= 9-*= 47,&3.82= 1.;*8`= &= (438.)*7&'1*= (-&11*3,*= +47= 82&11= 24'.1*= 47,&3.828= .3= (4251*== 9-*72&1= 1&3)8(&5*8`= 8:(-= &8= 9-*= 74(0>= .39*79.)&1= ?43*_= = F47= 9-*= 57*)&947>= <-*10= N:(*11&= 4897.3&`= +47&,.3,= 43= .98= '&73&(1*= 57*>= ,*3*7&11>= 7*6:.7*8= ABSTRACTS ,-/
24;*2*39=-.,-*7=43=9-*=8-47*`=549*39.&11>=.3(7*&8.3,=9-*=7.80=4+=9-*72&1=897*88_=H4<= )4=83&.18='&1&3(*=9-*=7*<&7)=4+=+44)=<.9-=9-*=7.80=4+=4;*7-*&9.3,=W*=:8*)=4:9)447= 9.)&1=2*84(4828=94=*=&2.3*=+47&,.3,=5&=*738=4+=83&.18=4;*7=+0=<**08`=2&3.5:1&9.3,=9-*= 9.2.3,=4+=&*7.&1=*=548:7*=':9=349=949&1=*2*78.43=9.2*_=S3&.18=*=548*)=94=)&>9.2*=14<= 9.)*8=+4114<*)=&='.<**01>=5&=*73`=1*&;.3,=7*+:,*8=94=+**)=+47=,8.=)&>8`=9-*3=7*97*&9.3,= +47=&5574=.2&9*1>=+*=)&>8_=P*&0=+47&,.3,=57*(*)*)=9-*=438*9=4+=857.3,=9.)*8`=<-*3=&*7.&1= *=548:7*=4((:77*)=431>=):7.3,=*&71>=2473.3,=-4:78b=83&.18=+*)=43=)&>8=<.9-=7*):(*)= 9-*72&1=7.80_=S3&.18=*=5*7.*3(.3,=431>=3.,-=.2*=14<=9.)*8=+47&,*)=&5*7.4).(&11>_=I3=9-*= Q=*1)`=<*=51&(*)=N_=4897.3&=43=&79.Q=(.&1=(43(7*9*=.81&3)8=94=(-448*='*9<**3='&73&(1*=57*>= 51&(*)=43=<*89*73=47=*&89*73=+&(*8`=47=94=8-*19*7=.3=&=(441=7*+:,*_=S3&.18=&,&.3=*=-.'.9*)= +**).3,=5*&08=43=)&>8=<-*3=&*7.&1=9*25*7&9:7*8=<*7*=7*1.&'1>=(441_=M47*4;*7`=83&.18= 57*).(9&'1>= 8-.V=*)= +742= <*89*73= 94= *&89*73= +&(*8= 43= )&>8= <.9-= &V=*73443= 14<= 9.)*8_= T-*8*=7*8:198=8:,,*89=9-&9=N_=4897.3&=&19*78=.98='*-&;.47=94=(&5.9&1.?*=43=7*1&9.;*1>=82&118 8(&1*=85&9.49*2547&1=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=2.(74(1.2&9*`=&=+47&,.3,=5&=*73=9-&9=(438.89*391>= 2.3.2.?*8=*=548:7*=94=*=97*2*=&*7.&1=9*25*7&9:7*8_=I3=&=(1.2&9*=8(*3&7.4=4+=.3(7*&8*)= &*7.&1=9*25*7&9:7*`=24'.1.9>=2&>=,.;*=9-.8=57*)&947=&3=&);&39&,*=4;*7=.98=8*88.1*=57*>_= T-*8*= 7*8:198= :3)*78(47*= 9-*= .25479&3(*= 4+= (-&7&(9*7.?.3,= 9-*= 9*2547&1= 5&=*738= 4+= 2.(74-&'.9&9=:8*=<-*3=&88*88.3,=9-*=9-*72&1=*=548:7*=4+=24'.1*=47,&3.828_
T+*_O++ ADAPTATION=TO=HEAT=IN=THE=MEDITERRANEAN= T+* SNAIL=SPECIES=XEROPICTA=DERBENTINAa= STRATEGIES=TO=SURVIVE=ELEVATED=TEMPERATURES S&3)7&=T748(-.380.+`=M&))&1*3&=A_=D.=L*11.8+`=H*.3?8R_=K-1*7+`=R.9&=T7.*'80473+`, +A3.2&1=P->8.414,.(&1=E(414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=E;41:9.43=&3)=E(414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T3'.3,*3`= D81,*1,=T3'.3,*3`=G*72&3>=8_9748(- <*'_)*`=2&))&1*3&_).1*11.8 ,44,1*2&.1_(42`= -*.3?87_04*-1*7 :3.89:*'.3,*3_)* ,T7&38+*7=C*39*7=E(494=.(414,>=&3)=E(45->8.414,>`=D81,+*2=R4=*3':7,`=G*72&3>=89?_4*0494= ,2=_)*= D7>=&3)=-49=*3;.7432*398=(-&11*3,*=9-*=8:7;.;&1=4+=9*77*897.&1=83&.18_=I3=9-*8*=&3.2&18`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`=<-.(-= &11=7*3)*7*)=8:7;.;&1=5488.'1*_=I3=9-*=).,*89.;*=,1&3)`=(&1(.:2=(*118=<-.(-=&7*=034<3=94= '*=.3;41;*)=.3=(*397&1=2*9&'41.(=574(*88*8`=*_,_=)*94=.Q=(&9.43=47=48247*,:1&9.43`=<*7*= 8-4<3=94='*=247*=-*&987*8.89&39=9-&3=49-*7=(*11=9>5*8=4+=9-.8=47,&3_=T-.8=5-*342*343= <&8=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=H851*=.3):(9.43a=<.9-=.3(7*&8.3,=897*88=5749*.3=1*;*18`=9-*=.39*,7.9>= 4+=(&1(.:2=(*118=.2574;*)=47`=&9=1*&89`=).)=349=)*(1.3*=.3=&11=.3;*89.,&9*)=545:1&9.438_= F:79-*7247*`= <*= 89:).*)= 4=.)&9.;*= 897*88= .3= .3).;.):&18= 4+= 43*= 4+= 9-*8*= 545:1&9.438= &V=*7=*=548:7*=94=9-*=&'4;*=2*39.43*)=9*25*7&9:7*=1*;*18='>=2*&8:7.3,=1.5.)=5*74=.)*= +472&9.43= .3= <-41*= '4)>= -424,*3&9*8= '>= 2*&38= 4+= 9-*= +*774:884=.)&9.438=>1*3418 47&3,*82*9-4)= FOX= &88&>_=W*= 4'8*7;*)= &3= .3(7*&8*= .3= 1.5.)= 5*74=.)*8= <.9-= 7.8.3,= 9*25*7&9:7*=:39.1=.*=JC_=A9=.-=JC`=-4<*;*7`=14<=1*;*18=4+=1.5.)=5*74=.)*8=<*7*=+4:3)= 7*8*2'1.3,=9-*=(439741=1*;*1=&9=,/=JC_=C425&7*)=94=.-JC`=.3(7*&8*)=1.5.)=5*74=.)*=1*;*18= ,-0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
<*7*=+4:3)=.3=83&.18=*=548*)=94=./=JC=&3)=.2=JC_=I9=.8=).8(:88*)=94=<-.(-=*=9*39=).S=*7*39= 1.5.)=5*74=.)*=1*;*18=(&3='*=7*1&9*)=*.9-*7=94=.3(7*&8*)=&39.4=.)&39=)*+*38*=2*(-&3.828= *_,_=&39.4=.)&39=*3?>2*8=1.0*=(&9&1&8*`=,1:9&9-.43*=5*74=.)&8*=47=,1:9&9-.43*=7*):(9&8*= &3)=2=47=)*(7*&8*)=(*11:1&7=.3/:7>_
T+*_O+, OCEAN=ACIDIFICATION=AND=WARMING=ALTER=ALLOMETRY= OF=METABOLISM=IN=CHITONSa=ENVIRONMENTALLY8DRIVEN=CHANGES= TO=METABOLIC=SCALING=INDICATE=RESPONSES=TO=MULTIPLE=STRESSORS= ARE=MEDIATED=BY=BODY=SIZE N.(-41&8=C&7*>=+`,=J:1.&=D_=S.,<&79=+`, +Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=M&7.3*=L&'47&947>`=+,8+-=T-*=S97&3)`=P479&+*77>`=C4_=D4<3`=BT,,=+PF= N479-*73=I7*1&3)=3(&7*>*, 6:'_&(_:0`=/_8.,<&79 6:'_&(_:0 ,Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=L.8':73=R4&)`=B*1+&89`=BT3=1BE======N479-*73=I7*1&3)= D*85.9*=842*=8:5*7Q=(.&1=-424,*3*.9>=&3)=&55&7*391>=8.251*=1.+*89>1*8`=(-.9438=*=-.'.9= ;&7.&9.43=.3='49-='&8&1=2*9&'41.(=7&9*8=&3)=&1142*97.(=8(&1.3,`=<.9-=).S=*7*3(*8=1.30*)=94= 9-*.7=3&9:7&1=-.8947>_=A1142*97.(=8(&1.3,=4+=2*9&'41.82=<.9-='4)>=2&88=-&8=143,='**3= (438.)*7*)= &= +:3)&2*39&1= 2*(-&3.89.(= 1&<= .3= 47,&3.828_= H4<*;*7`= 9-*7*= .8= &251*= T+* *;.)*3(*= 8(&1.3,= 7*1&9.438-.58= 8-4<= 8.,3.Q=(&39= ;&7.&9.43= <.9-.3= (*79&.3= '4:3)&7.*8`= &884(.&9*)=<.9-=*(414,>=&3)=&(9.;.9>=5&=*738_=R*(*39=24)*18=8:(-=&8=9-*=M*9&'41.(8L*;*1= B4:3)&7.*8= MLB= ->549-*8.8= -&;*= 574548*)= 9-*47*9.(&1= +7&2*<4708= *=51&.3.3,= 9-.8= 4'8*7;*)=;&7.&9.43_=I+=2*9&'41.(=8(&1.3,=.8=;&7.&'1*=&243,=85*(.*8=&3)=51&89.(=94=*=97.38.(= +&(9478`=.9=2&>='*=&19*7*)=:3)*7=(43).9.438=4+=*3;.7432*39&1=(-&3,*=8:(-=&8=<&72.3,= &3)=4(*&3=&(.).Q=(&9.43_=T4=9*89=9-*8*=.)*&8`=<*=&((1.2&9*)=+:11=4394,*3*9.(='4)>88.?*= 7&3,*8=4+=9-7**=85*(.*8=4+=(-.9438=+742=9-*=NE=P&(.Q=(=K&9-&7.3&=9:3.(&9&`=T43.(*11&=1.3*&9&`= M45&1.&=2:8(48&=94=&19*7*)=8*&<&9*7=9*25*7&9:7*=&3)=5H_=T4=)*9*72.3*=8>3*7,.89.(=&3)= &39&,43.89.(=*S=*(98=4+=9-*8*=897*88478=43='49-='&8&1=2*9&'41.82=&3)=.98=&1142*97>`=9-7**= 9*25*7&9:7*8=&3)=9<4=5H=(43).9.438=<*7*=*=&2.3*)=.3=&=+&(947.&1=)*8.,3_=U3)*7=3472&1= 5H`=-.,-*7=9*25*7&9:7*8=&8=*=5*(9*)=(&:8*)==2*9&'41.(=7&9*8=94=.3(7*&8*`=':9=&184=9-*= &1142*97.(=8(&1.3,=*=543*39='=94=)*(7*&8*`=&=0*>=57*).(9.43=4+=9-*=MLB=->549-*8.8_=T-*= *S=*(9=4+=4(*&3=&(.).Q=(&9.43=<&8=;&7.&'1*a=.3=9<4=85*(.*8`=2*9&'41.82=<&8=8.,3.Q=(&391>= )*57*88*)= &3)= 9-*= 8(&1.3,= *=543*39= '= 8.,3.Q=(&391>= 7*):(*)= :3)*7= 14<= 5H= &9= 14<= 9*25*7&9:7*8`=':9=9-.8=<&8=349=8**3=&9=-.,-*7=9*25*7&9:7*8_=O:7=)&9&=8-4<=9-*=*S=*(98= 4+=897*88478=43=2*9&'41.82=&7*=349=*6:&1=&(7488=9-*=4394,*3*9.(=7&3,*=4+=9-*=85*(.*8`= &3)=.11:897&9*=9-*=1.2.9&9.438=4+=(425&7.3,=7*85438*8=&9=&=85*(.*8=89&3)&7)=2&88=&3)=9-*= .25479&3(*=4+=*=&2.3.3,=7*57*8*39&9.;*='4)>=8.?*=7&3,*8=.3=+:9:7*=89:).*8_=C-.9438=&7*= 1.0*1>=74':89=94=+:9:7*=(-&3,*8=.3=4(*&3=(43).9.438`=-4<*;*7=7*85438*8=94=9-*8*=897*88478= 2&>= 7*57*8*39= 5*72&3*39= &)).9.43&1= *3*7,*9.(= (4898= &3)= (&:8*= 97&)*84S=8= <.9-= 49-*7= ;.9&1=5->8.414,.(&1=574(*88*8_= ABSTRACTS ,-1
T+*_O+- INFERRING=IMPACTS=OF=CLIMATE=CHANGE=ON=MARINE=POPULATIONS= FROM=MACARONESIA=USING=LIMPETS`=A=KEYSTONE=INTERTIDAL= ORGANISM`=AS=MODEL=SPECIES G4;.3)7&/=C-&;&3+`=F*73&3)4=P_=L.2&,`=R.(&7)4=S_=S&3948+`=P*)74=A_=R.'*.74+ +C*397*=4+=IMAR=4+=9-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=A?47*8`=D*5&792*39=4+=O(*&34,7&5->=&3)=F.8-*7.*8=DOP= &3)=LARS>S=A884(.&9*)=L&'47&947>`=R:&=P74+_=D7_=F7*)*7.(4=M&(-&)4=.`=33*+820,=H479&`=P479:,&1======,(-&;&3 :&(_59b=7.(&7)4 :&(_59b=57.'*.74 :&(_59 ,CIBIO`=C*3974=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=*2=B.4).;*78.)&)*=*=R*(:7848=G*3S9.(48`=C&25:8=A,[email protected]=)*=V&.7D4`= R_=P&)7*=A72&3)4=Q:.39&8`=..2/800+=V&.7D4`=P479:,&1=+51.2& ,2&.1_(42 C1.2&9*= (-&3,*= .8= 4((:77.3,= &9= &= 7&5.)= 5&(*= 43= &= ,14'&1= 8(&1*_=A3= &3&1>8.8= 4+= -.,-8 7*841:9.43= 8*&= 8:7+&(*= 9*25*7&9:7*= SST= )&9&= +742= 9-*= 1&89= -*= >*&78= 8-4<*)= 9-&9= 9-74:,-4:9=9-*=A?47*8=9-*7*=.8=&=(1*&7=<&72.3,=SST=97*3)=*_-3=(28=*_*.+ C=5*7=)*(&)*`= <.9-= *=97*2*1>= -49= )&>8= '*(42.3,= 8.,3.Q=(&391>= 247*= +7*6:*39= 3_++= (28= -_1+= )&>8= 5*7= )*(&)*= &3)= *=97*2*= (41)= *;*398= 1*88= +7*6:*39= 8+._.3= (28= ._3*= )&>8= 5*7= )*(&)*_= C1.2&9*= (-&3,*= .8= &S=*(9.3,= 2&7.3*= 85*(.*8= .3= 2:19.51*= <&>8= .3(1:).3,= ,*4,7&5-.(&1= ).897.':9.43`= &':3)&3(*= &3)= '.414,.(&1= 574(*88*8= 8:(-= &8= 7*574):(9.43= &3)= ,74<9-_= I39*79.)&1=*(48>89*28=.3=M&(&743*8.&=&7*=*=97*2*1>=;:13*7&'1*=):*=94=9-*.7=-.,-=)*,7**= 4+=,*4,7&5-.(=.841&9.43_=T-*7*+47*`=7*(4;*7>=4+=14(&1=545:1&9.438='>=1&7;&1=.35:9=+742= 49-*7=14(&9.438=&V=*7=).89:7'&3(*=<.11='*=814<`=.+=349=.25488.'1*_=I3=9-.8=574/*(9=<*=&7*= T+* &88*88.3,=9-*=7*8.1.*3(*=549*39.&1=4+=.39*79.)&1=545:1&9.438=94=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*=.3=9-*=NE= A91&39.(`=:8.3,=(422*7(.&11>=;&1:&'1*=&3)=-*&;.1>=*=514.9*)=1.25*98=P&9*11&=855_=&8= 24)*1=85*(.*8_=U3)*789&3).3,=9-*=2*(-&3.828=:3)*71>.3,=5->8.414,.(&1=7*85438*8=94= *3;.7432*39&1=+&(9478`=9-*.7=1.2.98=&3)=,*3*9.(='&8.8`=.8=;.9&1=94=57*).(9=14(&1=*=9.3(9.43= 7.80`= .98= .25&(9= 43= 9-*= *(48>89*2= &3)= 5488.'1*= 7*5*7(:88.438= 43= Q=8-*7.*8= &(9.;.9.*8_= T-.8=89:)>=.8='*.3,=(43):(9*)=43=&=1&7,*=,*4,7&5-.(&1=8(&1*`= *3(425&88.3,=9*3=8.9*8= &(7488=M&(&743*8.&=&3)=&349-*7=+*=.3=2&.31&3)=E:745*_=W*=&7*=*2514>.3,=&=(42'.3*)= &5574&(-=4+=.3=8.9:=*=5*7.2*398=8:(-=&8=9-*=)*514>2*39=4+=*3;.7432*39&1=)&9&=14,,*78= &3)= (422438,&7)*3= 97.&18= <.9-= 89&9*84+89-*8&79= 241*(:1&7= 2*9-4)414,.*8= 1.0*= RNA8 S*6=&3)=DNA=2.(74&77&>8_=H*7*=<*=<.11='*=57*8*39.3,=9-*=Q=789=7*8:198=4+=9-.8=574/*(9`= .3(1:).3,=9-*=).8(4;*7>=4+=897*8887*1&9*)=,*3*9.(=2&70*78=+742=1.25*9=97&38(7.5942*8= &3)=-4<=9-*8*=<.11='*=:8*)=94=)*(.5-*7=941*7&3(*=9-7*8-41)8=94=*3;.7432*39&1=+&(9478= 8:(-=&8=9*25*7&9:7*`=)*8.((&9.43=&3)=->54=.&_
T+*_O+. ADAPTATION=OF=LAND=SNAILS=TO=STRESSFUL=CONDITIONSa= FROM=WHOLE=ANIMAL=TO=CELLULAR=MECHANISMS Z**;=A7&) D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=T*(-3.43`=H&.+&=-,***`=I87&*1=?&7&) 9=_9*(-3.43_&(_.1 T-*=&'.1.9>=4+=1&3)=83&.18=94=(4143.8*=9*77*897.&1=-&'.9&98=.8=9-*=7*8:19=4+=9-*.7=)*;*145.3,= &= 7&3,*= 4+= '*-&;.4:7&1= &3)= 5->8.414,.(&1= &)&59&9.438= +47= (45.3,= <.9-= 574'1*28= 4+= 2&.39&.3.3,= <&9*7`= .43.(= &3)= 9-*72&1= '&1&3(*= 94= *38:7*= 9-*.7= 8:7;.;&1= :3)*7= 85*(.Q=(= 2.(74-&'.9&9=(43).9.438_=T-.8=.8=&11=9-*=247*=).T==(:19=+47=1&3)=83&.18=<-.(-=.3-&'.9=&7.)= &3)=8*2.8&7.)=?43*8`=<-*7*=(43).9.438=4+=-.,-=&2'.*39=9*25*7&9:7*=&3)=14<=-:2.).9>= 57*;&.1_=O3*=4+=9-*8*=&)&59&9.438=.8=9-*.7=&33:&1=(>(1*=4+=&(9.;.9>=&3)=&*89.;&9.43=9-&9= ,-2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
(477*1&9*8=<.9-=8*&843&1=(-&3,*8=.3=9*25*7&9:7*`=-:2.).9>=&3)=<&9*7=&;&.1&'.1.9>_=T-.8= 57*8*39&9.43= 8:22&7.?*8= 842*= ,*= >*&78= 4+= 7*8*&7(-= 43= 7*8.89&3(*= 94= )*8.((&9.43= &3)= -*&9=.3=(&_=,/=4+=9-*=I87&*1.=1&3)=83&.1=+&:3&_=I3=,*3*7&1`=7*8.89&3(*=94=-*&9=&3)=&7.).9>= .8=(477*1&9*)=<.9-=).897.':9.43=5&=*738=&3)=<.9-=&'.49.(=*3;.7432*39&1=;&7.&9.43_=T-*= 89:)>=(4257.8*)=4+=.397&8,*3*7.(=&3)=.397&885*(.Q=(=(425&7.8438=&3)=2.(748-&'.9&9=&3)= 5->14,*3>87*1&9*)= ).S=*7*3(*8_= W*=&184= 9*89*)= 9-*= *S=*(98= 4+= '4)>= 8.?*`= 4394,*3>= &3)= 9-*=5->8.414,.(&1=8*9854.398=4+=9-*=<&9*7=7*,:1&947>=2*(-&3.828_=L&9*1>`=<*=89:)>=9-*= (*11:1&7=2*(-&3.828=+:3(9.43.3,=:3)*7=897*88=(43).9.438=&3)=7*R=*(9*)=.3=9-*=5&=*73=4+= *=57*88.43=4+=-*&9=8-4(0=5749*.38=HSP8_
T+*_P+ THE=FUNCTIONAL=TRAIT8BASED=APPROACH=TO=INVESTIGATE=LIFE= HISTORY=TRAITS=IN=MARINE=INVERTEBRATES=TO=PREDICT=EFFECTS=OF= GLOBAL=CLIMATE=CHANGE=ON=ECOSYSTEMS G.&31:(&=S&7A+`=C43(*=&=M&3)&,1.4+`=V&1*7.&=M439&194+`=A1*88&3)74=R.3&1).+`= F41(4=G.42.+`, +L&'47&947>=4+=E=5*7.2*39&1=E(414,>`=D*5&792*39=4+=E&79-=&3)=M&7.3*=S(.*3(*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P&1*724`= V.&1*=)*11*=S(.*3?*=E)_=+0`=3*+,2=P&1*724`=I9&1>=,.&31:(&_8&7& :3.5&_.9`=(43(*=&2&3)&,1.4 ,2&.1_ (42`=&_7.3&1).2- ,2&.1_(42`=2439&194;&1*7.& ,2&.1_(42= ,I39*,7&9.;*=E(45->8.414,>`=A1+7*)=W*,*3*7=I389.9:9*=+47=P41&7=&3)=M&7.3*=R*8*&7(-`=A2=H&3)*18-&+*3=+,`= T+* ,1/1*=B7*2*7-&;*3`=G*72&3>=+41(4_,.42. &<._)*= D:*=94=9-*=&(9.438=4+=M&3`='.4).;*78.9>=.8=(4389&391>=8-7.30.3,=.3=*;*7>=034<3=*(48>89*2= <471)<.)*_=T-*=1488='*,.38=<.9-=24).Q=(&9.438=4+=+:3(9.43&1=97&.98=&9=9-*=.3).;.):&1=1*;*1`= 574=.2&9*1>=.3;41;.3,=&3=&19*7&9.43=.3=9-*=&24:39=4+=*3*7,>=&;&.1&'1*=+47=2*9&'41.82= '>=.3).;.):&1=47,&3.828a=<.9-=.38: ==(.*39=*3*7,>`=2*9&'41.(=2&(-.3*7>=)4*8=349=<470= *T==(.*391>= &3)= 47,&3.828= &7*= :3&'1*= 94= 7*&(-= 9-*.7= 2&=.2&1= Q=93*88= 9-74:,-4:9= 9-*.7= 1.+*=85&3_=H*7*`=<*=57*8*39=&=8.251*=(43(*59:&1=+7&2*<470=7*(*391>=)*;*145*)=.3=4:7= L&'=.3=(411&'47&9.43=<.9-=2&3>=<471)8<.)*=U3.;*78.9.*8=.38.)*=&=3*9<470=89:)>.3,=9-*= *S=*(9=4+=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*8=43=2&7.3*=*(48>89*28`=<-.(-=.8='&8*)=43=+:3(9.43&1=97&.98'&8*)= '.4*3*7,*9.(=57.3(.51*8_=T-74:,-=842*=(&8*=89:).*8`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`= 5411:9.43 `= 5->8.(&1= *_,_`= 9-*72&1= 47= '4&9.3,= 34.8* = &3)= ,14'&1= .3(7*&8.3,=9*25*7&9:7*=&3)=CO,=).89:7'&3(*`=+742='*39-.(=8*88.1*=94=24'.1*=5*1&,.(= 47,&3.828=&3)=+742=8-&114<*7=.39*79.)&1=94=)**5*7=8:'9.)&1=-&'.9&98_=L&'=5*451*`=+742= :3)*7,7&):&9*=89:)*398=94=54898)4(8`=1.0*=94=+&(*=8.2.1&7=.88:*8=<.9-=6:&39.9&9.;*=7.,47= &3)=.334;&9.43_ ABSTRACTS ,-3
T+*_P, EVIDENCE=OF=LONG8TERM=CHANGES=IN=THE=DISTRIBUTION= OF=KEY=INTERTIDAL=SPECIES M&7.&=V&1*+`,`-`=A3&=I_=N*94,`-`=G:89&;4=M&79.38,`-`=S9*5-*3=J_=H&<0.38+ +O(*&3=&3)=E&79-=S(.*3(*`=N&9.43&1=O(*&34,7&5->=C*397*=S4:9-&25943`=W&9*7+7439=C&25:8`=U3.;*78.9>= 4+=S4:9-&25943`=E:745*&3=W&>`=S4:9-&25943`=SO+.=-ZH`=UK=M&7.&_V&1* 34(_84943_&(_:0`= S_J_H&<0.38 8494_&(_:0 ,C*3974=I39*7).8(.51.3&7=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=M&7.3-&=*=A2'.*39&1=CIIMAR2CIMAR`=R:&=)48=B7&,&8=,23`= .*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1=&3*94 :&(_59`=,2&79.38 :&(_59 -CIRN=]=G7:54=)*=B.414,.&=M&7.3-&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=AO47*8`= P479:,&1 G14'&11>`= (-&3,*8= &7*= 4((:77.3,= .3= 9-*= '.4,*4(-*2.897>= &3)= *(414,>= 4+= 9-*= 4(*&38`= <-.(-= 2&>= .3R=:*3(*= 9-*= 5->8.414,>`=5-*3414,>`=&3)= 85*(.*8= ).897.':9.43_= B.414,.(&1= (422:3.9.*8= &7*= 7*&(9.3,= 94= (1.2&9*= (-&3,*= 9-74:,-= (-&3,*8= .3= 9-*= &':3)&3(*= &3)= 5-*3414,>= 4+= 9-*= 47,&3.828= &3)= 9-74:,-= 9-*= 541*<&7)= 8-.V== .3= 85*(.*8= ).897.':9.43_= R4(0>=8-47*8=&7*=7*1&9.;*1>=8.251*=*(48>89*28`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`=9-*7*=<*7*=(-&3,*8=.3=85*(.*8=(42548.9.43_=I3=,*3*7&1`=9-*7*=<&8=&3=4;*7&11= )*(7*&8*=.3=9-*=&':3)&3(*=4+=47,&3.828=9-&9=<&8=247*=57434:3(*)=.3=9-*=8-*19*7*)= 89:).*)=&7*&_=I3=&)).9.43`=9-*7*=<&8=,*3*7&11>=&=8-.V==:5<&7)8=4+=9-*=;*79.(&1=).897.':9.43= 4+= 2&3>= 9&=&`= <-.(-= <&8= 247*= 57434:3(*)= .3= 9-*= *=548*)= &7*&_= T-*8*= (-&3,*8= &7*= 9*259&9.;*1>=.39*757*9*)=&8=&=(438*6:*3(*=4+=.3(7*&8*)=9*25*7&9:7*8=&3)=<&;*=&(9.43= '49-=57*).(9*)='>=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*=8(*3&7.48_=T-.8=89:)>=8:,,*898=9-&9=9-*=(438*6:*3(*8= 4+=574(*88*8=7*85438.'1*=+47=143,89*72=(-&3,*8=7*(47)*)=.3=85*(.*8=).897.':9.43=(&3='*= 2*).&9*)='>=<&;*=&(9.43_=I3=&)).9.43`=9-*7*=<&8=*;.)*3(*=9-&9=574(*88*8=45*7&9.3,=&9= 1&7,*=9*2547&1=8(&1*8=2&>=.3).7*(91>=.3R=:*3(*=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=85*(.*8=;.&=(-&3,*8=.3= 9-*=&':3)&3(*=4+=9-*.7=(425*9.9478_
T+*_P- SYNERGISTIC=EFFECTS=OF=OCEAN=ACIDIFICATION= AND=WARMIN=IN=SQUID=EARLY=ONTOGENYa= EVIDENCE=FOR=SEVERE=BIOLOGICAL=IMPAIRMENTS R:.=R48&+`=T.&,4=R*541-4+`=M&79&=P.2*39*1+`=K&9/&=T73'*3'&(-+`=J4&3&=B4&;.)&8 P479:,&1,`=F.1.5&=F&1*.74+`=M.,:*1=B&59.89&+`=R.(&7)4=C&1&)4-`=H&38=O=4=P793*7. +L&'47&947.4=M&7c9.24=)&=G:.&`=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`= A;_=N488&=S*3-47&=)4=C&'4`=3-3`=,1/*8-1.=C&8(&.8`==P479:,&1=7748& +(_:1_59 ,C&9*)7&=R:.=N&'*.74=:=B.4).;*78.)&)*`=CIBIO=8=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=É;47&`=1**.8/+0`=É;47&`=P479:,&1 -D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&=]=CESAM`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=A;*.74`=C&25:8=U3.;*[email protected]=)*=S&39.&,4`=-2+*8 +3-`=A;*.74=:=P479:,&1 .A1+7*)=W*,*3*7=I389.9:9*=+47=P41&7=&3)=M&7.3*=R*8*&7(-`=A3.2&1=E(45->8.414,>`=P489+&(-=+,*+0+`=,1/+/= B7*2*7-&;*3`=G*72&3> W*=.3;*89.,&9*)=&=8*9=4+='.414,.(&1=7*85438*8=94=(1.2&9*8(-&3,*=7*1&9*)=;&7.&'1*8=):7.3,= *&71>=4394,*3>=4+=9-*=86:.)=L41.,4=;:1,&7.8_=E2'7>48=8:7;.;&1=7&9*8=7&3,*)=+742=3,8 ,.* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
30=:3)*7=9-*=57*8*398)&>=9*25*7&9:7*8=+-=JC8+1=JC=&3)=5H=2_*=8(*3&7.48_=O(*&3= &(.).Q=(&9.43=5H=1_/=&3)=<&72.3,=(,=JC=1*)=94=&=8.,3.Q=(&39=)745=.3=8:7;.;&1=7&9*8= .1`= 50*_*/_= T-*= *2'7>43.(= 5*7.4)= <&8= 8-479*3*)= '>= .3(7*&8.3,= 9*25*7&9:7*= .3= '49-= 5H= 97*&92*398= 50*_*/_= E2'7>4= ,74<9-= 7&9*8= .3(7*&8*)= 8.,3.Q=(&391>= ):7.3,= <&72.3,= :3)*7= 9-*= 57*8*398)&>= 8(*3&7.48`= ':9= 9-*7*= <&8= &= 8.,3.Q=(&39= 97*3)= 7*;*78&1= :3)*7= +:9:7*= <&72.3,= (43).9.438= 50*_*/_= B*8.)*8= 57434:3(*)= 57*2&9:7*= -&9(-.3,`= &= -.,-*7= 5*7(*39&,*= 4+= &'3472&1.9.*8= <&8= +4:3)= .3= 1&9*= *2'7>48= *=548*)= 94= +:9:7*= 8:22*7= <&72.3,= &3)= 14<*7= 5H= 50*_*/_= U3)*7= 9-*= 4(*&3= &(.).Q=(&9.43= 8(*3&7.4`= 4=>,*3=(438:259.43=7&9*8=)*(7*&8*)=8.,3.Q=(&391>=.3=1&9*=*2'7>48=&3)=3*<1>=-&9(-*)= 5&7&1&7;&*_=T-*7*=<&8=&=8.,3.Q=(&39=*3-&3(*2*39=4+=9-*=-*&9=8-4(0=7*85438*=HSP1*2 HSC1*= <.9-= <&72.3,= .3= '49-= 5H= 97*&92*398= &3)= )*;*1452*39&1= 89&,*8_= E2'7>43.(= Q+*= ;&1:*8= 7&3,*)= '*9<**3= +8+_/`= <-.(-= <&8= .3).(&9.;*= 4+= 2*9&'41.(= 8:557*88.43_= U55*7=9-*72&1=941*7&3(*=1.2.98=<*7*=548.9.;*1>=.3R=:*3(*)='>=&((1.2&9.43=9*25*7&9:7*`= &3)=8:(-=9-7*8-41)8=<*7*=8.,3.Q=(&391>=-.,-*7=.3=1&9*=*2'7>48=9-&3=.3=-&9(-1.3,8=:3)*7= 57*8*39= (43).9.438= 50*_*/_= U55*7= 9-*72&1= 941*7&3(*= 1.2.98= 4+= 9-*= -&9(-1.3,8= <*7*= -.,-*7=:3)*7=->5*7(&53.&=.3=(425&7.843=94=*2'7>48_=W*=(43(1:)*=9-&9=897*88+:1=&'.49.(= (43).9.438=.38.)*=*,,=(&58:1*8=<.11='*=*=&(*7'&9*)=:3)*7=3*&78+:9:7*=4(*&3=&(.).Q=(&9.43= &3)=<&72.3,=8(*3&7.48_=O((:77*3(*=4+=574143,*)=*2'7>4,*3*8.8=1.30*)=94=2*9&'41.(= &77*89=&3)=57*2&9:7*=-&9(-.3,`=&143,=<.9-=14<*7*)=*2'7>43.(=9-*72&1=941*7&3(*=1.2.98= .8=*=5*(9*)=94=3*,&9.;*1>=&S=*(9=8:7;.;&1=8:((*88=4+=86:.)=*&71>=1.+*=89&,*8_ T+* T+*_P. CHARACTERISTICS=OF=SHELL=MICROSTRUCTURE=OF=PELAGIC=AND= BENTHIC=MOLLUSKS=FROM=ANTARCTIC=WATERS`=AND=OCEAN= ACIDIFICATION K*3/.=O048-.+`=W&0&=S&948O048-., +D*5&792*39=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*`=G7&):&9*=S(-441=4+=S(.*3(*`=T4-4=U3.;*78.9>`=M.>&2&=,8,8+= F:3&'&8-.`=C-.'&`=,1.82/+*`=J&5&3=0*3/._4048-. *3;_8(._94-48:_&(_/5 ,L&'47&947>=4+=A6:&9.(=E(414,>`=G7&):&9*=S(-441=4+=A,7.(:19:7&1=S(.*3(*`=T4-40:=U3.;*78.9>`= S*3)&.=32+82///`=J&5&3=<84048-. '.48_94-40:_&(_/5 I3=S4:9-*73=O(*&38`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`= L.2&(.3&=-*1.(.3&=&39&7(9.(&=+472&=&39&7(9.(&=&3)=L&9*73:1&=*11.59.(&=&3)=).8(:88=9-*=8-*11= (-&7&(9*7.89.(8= 4+= 9-*= 2411:8(= 85*(.*8= .3-&'.9.3,= A39&7(9.(= <&9*78= +742= 9-*= 54.39= 4+= &)&59&9.43=94=9-*=(41)=8*&<&9*78=&3)=+742=9-*=54.39=4+=4(*&3=&(.).Q=(&9.43_ T-*=8-*118=4+=A39&7(9.(=L_=-*1.(.3&=&39&7(9.(&=+472&=&39&7(9.(&=<*7*=;*7>=9-.3`=&5574=.2&9*1>= ,:3=2.(74=2=+47=8-*118=4+=*_/:0=22=.3=).&2*9*7_=M&3>=&=.&1=7.''*)=,74<9-=1.3*8=<*7*= 4'8*7;*)=43=9-*=8:7+&(*=4+=9-*=8-*11_=D.89.3(9=&=.&1=7.'8=<*7*=4'8*7;*)=43=9-*=4:9*72489= <-471`=<-.1*=<*&0=47=34=7.'81.0*=897:(9:7*8=<*7*=4'8*7;*)=43=9-*=.33*7=<-4718=.3=9-*= 1&7,*7=8-*11_=T-*7*=<&8=&3=.33*7=(7488*)81&2*11&7=&3)=*=97*2*1>=9-.3=4:9*7=57.82&9.(= ABSTRACTS ,.+
1&>*7= .3= 82&11= .3).;.):&18`= &3)= &= ).89.3(9= 9-.(0= .33*7= 57.82&9.(= 1&>*7= <&8= 4'8*7;*)= '*3*&9-=9-*=(7488*)81&2*11&7=1&>*7=.3=1&7,*=.3).;.):&18_ S-*11=9-.(03*88=4+=9-*='*39-.(=)42.3&39='.;&1;*=L_=*11.59.(&=<&8=&5574=.2&9*1>=338+-,= 2=.3=9-*=8-*11=4+=8-*11=1*3,9-=+3=22_=I9=<&8=(42548*)=4+=9<4=(&1(&7*4:8=897:(9:7*8`= -424,*3*4:8= 47= ,7&3:1&7= 897:(9:7*= .3= 9-.(0= 4:9*7= 1&>*7= &3)= 3&(7*4:8= .3= 9-.3= .33*7= 1&>*7`=7*85*(9.;*1>_=C-&7&(9*7.89.(8=4+=8-*11=897:(9:7*=&7*=).8(:88*)=(425&7.3,=<.9-=9-*= 57*;.4:8=7*8:198=&3)=+742=9-*=54.39=4+=&)&59&9.43=94=9-*=A39&7(9.(=<&9*78_
T+*_P/ HOW=CAN=PHYSIOLOGY=IMPROVE=SPECIES=DISTRIBUTION=MODELS IN=MARINE=ORGANISMS J4&3&=B4&;.)&8P479:,&1+`,`=R:.=R48&+`=M.,:*1=B_=A7&0/4,`-`.`=F7&3O4.8=G:.1-&:243/ +L&'47&97.4=M&7c9.24=)&=G:.&`=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`= P479:,&1=/85479:,&1 +(_:1_59b=7&748& +(_:1_59 ,C@9*)7&=R:.=N&'*.74=8=B.4).;*78.)&)*`=CIBIO`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=É;47&`=P479:,&1 -D*5&792*39=4+=B.4).;*78.9>=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=CSIC`= S5&.3=2&7&:/4 23(3_(8.(_*8 .C*39*7=+47=M&(74*(414,>`=E;41:9.43=&3)=C1.2&9*`=D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C45*3-&,*3`= D*32&70 /IRD`=UMR/++3`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M4395*11.*7=,`=F7&3(*a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`= <*=)*9*72.3*)=.3=9-*=1&'=9-*=<.3)4<=4+=(7.9.(&1=9*25*7&9:7*8=+47=).S=*7*39=1.+*=89&,*8= *2'7>48`= -&9(-1.3,8= &3)= &):198= &3)= 89:)>= -4<= 9-.8= .3+472&9.43= (&3= .2574;*= 4:7= 57*).(9.438=+47=7&3,*=8-.V=8=:3)*7=&=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*=8(*3&7.4_=T-*=7*8:19.3,=+7&2*<470= 2&>=5&;*=9-*=<&>=94<&7)8=&='*=*7=24)*11.3,=4+=2&7.3*=85*(.*8=).897.':9.438=:3)*7= (1.2&9*=(-&3,*_
T+*_P0 SALINITY=TOLERANCE=AND=SPATIAL=DISTRIBUTION=OF= ARCTICA=ISLANDICA=L_=MOLLUSCA`=BIVALVIA=IN=THE=WHITE=SEA N&)*?-)&=A_=F.1.554;& S9_=P*9*78':7,=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=F&(:19>=4+=B.414,>=&3)=S4.1=S(.*3(*`=D*5&792*39=4+=I(-9->414,>=&3)= H>)74'.414,>`=U3.;*78.9*980&>&=3&'_`=183`=+33*-.`=S9_=P*9*78':7,`=R:88.&=3&9.(&+ ,2&.1_(42 T-.8=89:)>=7*54798=43=&3=*=97&47).3&7.1>=)*38*=8*=1*2*39=+**=.3)_22,=b=1**=,22,=4+=9-*= '.;&1;*=A7(9.(&=.81&3).(&=L_=.3=9-*=:55*7=8:'9.)&1=?43*=/=8=+/=2=)*59-=.3=9-*=8.19>88&3)>= &7*&=3*&7=M&97*3.3=I81&3)=W-.9*=S*&`=K&3)&1&08-80>=B&>`=C-:5&=.31*9_=T-*=8.?*8&,*= 897:(9:7*=4+=9-*=8*=1*2*39=.8=89&'1*=&9=).S=*7*39=)*59-8a=)4<3=94=&=)*59-=4+=+*=2=&11='.;&1;*= &,*=,74:58=&7*=57*8*39`=24891>=>4:3,=.3).;.):&18=0=,*=22b=&9=+*=8=+/=2`=9-*=&':3)&3(*= 4+= 41)*7= ,*3*7&9.438= 1= -*= 22= 8-&751>= .3(7*&8*8_= T-.8= -*9*74,*3*.9>= .3= ).897.':9.43= (477*8543)*)=94=9-*=8&1.3.9>=7*,.2*a='*14<=+*=2`=;&1:*8=)4=349=+&11='*14<=,*=`=':9=.3= 8-&114<*7=<&9*7=9-*=;&1:*8=2&>=)745=94=3*&71>=+*=_=T4=&88*88=9-*=5488.'1*=.3R=:*3(*=4+= ,., AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
9-.8=,7&).*39=43=9-*=897:(9:7*=4+=9-.8=545:1&9.43`=*=5*7.2*398=<*7*=(43):(9*)=94=)*Q=3*= 9-*=14<*7=1.2.9=4+=8&1.3.9>=941*7&3(*_=T-.8=.3;41;*)=&3&1>?.3,=3438&((1.2&9*)=A_=.81&3).(&= .3).;.):&18=.3=J:1>8A:,:89=,*+*_=B.;&1;*8=4+=9-7**=).S=*7*39=8.?*=(1&88*8=<*7*=(411*(9*)= &3)=51&(*)=.3=8.==).S=*7*39=(439&.3*78=<.9-=8&1.3.9.*8=7&3,.3,=+742=0_2=:=,._+=_=AV=*7= ,.=-4:78`=9-*=)*,7**=4+=':774<.3,=.3==4+=.3).;.):&18=<&8=)*9*72.3*)=&8=&3=.3)*==4+= &(9.;.9>_=T-*=7*8:19.3,=14<*7=1.2.9=4+=941*7&3(*=4+=9-*=9*89*)=.3).;.):&18=&'4:9=+.== <&8=8.,3.Q=(&391>=14<*7=9-&3=9-48*=,.;*3=.3=9-*=1.9*7&9:7*=&'4:9=,*=_=T-.8=*=51&.38=9-*= ).897.':9.43=4+=.3).;.):&18=&(7488=9-*=+:11=7&3,*=4+=)*59-8=/8+/=2_=B.;&1;*=8.?*=.8=&184= &=89&9.89.(&11>=8.,3.Q=(&39=+&(947=.3=9-*.7=&(9.;.9>_=A9=&=8&1.3.9>=4+=+2_-=`=9-*=&(9.;.9>=4+=A_= .81&3).(&=1&7,*7=9-&3=-*=22=<&8=8.,3.Q=(&391>=14<*7==(425&7*)=<.9-=85*(.2*38=:3)*7=,*= 22_=T-.8=-*158=*=51&.3=9-*=4'8*7;*)=(43(*397&9.43=4+=1&7,*='.;&1;*8='*14<=+*=2`=<-*7*= 8&1.3.9>=3*;*7=+&118='*14<=,*=b=>4:3,=.3).;.):&18=&7*=&55&7*391>=1*88=8*38.9.;*=94=14<= 8&1.3.9>_
T+* ABSTRACTS ,.-
T++ INVASIVE=MOLLUSKS P*9*7=G_=B*3.3,*7 MMS`=UFR=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9S=)*=N&39*8=,`=7:*=)*=1&=H4:88.3.T7*=..-,,=N&39*8=C*)*=`=F7&3(*======P*9*7_B*3.3,*7 :3.;83&39*8_+7 R&5&`=Z*'7&`=S5&3.8-`=S1.55*78-*11c=9-*8*=&7*=/:89=&=+*<=4+=9-*=2411:8(&3= '&)='4>8=:= -&'.9&9=.3;&)*78=<-4=<7*&0=-&;4(`=(489=2.11.438`=&3)=)*+>=4:7=&'.1.9>=94=)4=&3>9-.3,= &'4:9=.9_==I9=.8=:3.;*78&11>=&,7**)=9-&9=&3>=-45*=+47=(439741=47=7*2*).&9.43=)*5*3)8=43= 9-*=+:11*89=5488.'1*=:3)*789&3).3,=4+=9-*.7=:3)*71>.3,='.414,.(&1='&8*8=&3)=*(414,>_==I3= 9-.8=8*88.43`=<*=<*1(42*=5&5*78=<-.(-=&.2=94=)4=84`=&8=<*11=&8=9-48*=<-.(-=9*3)=94<&7)= +47*(&89.3,=&3)=)&2&,*=&88*882*392(439741_
T++_O+ THE=SLUGS=OF=BRITAIN=AND=IRELANDa= UNDETECTED=AND=CRYPTIC=SPECIES=INCREASE=A=WELL8STUDIED`= ECONOMICALLY=IMPORTANT=FAUNA=BY=UP=TO=,3 B*3=R4<843+`=R4>=A3)*7843,`=J&2*8=A_=T:73*7+`=W.11.&2=O_=C_=S>243)843- +N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=W&1*8`=C&9-&>8=P&70`=C&7).S=`=CF+*=-NP`=W&1*8`=UK======'*3_74<843 2:8*:2<&1*8_&(_:0 ,C43(-414,.(&1=S4(.*9>=4+=G7*&9=B7.9&.3=]=I7*1&3)`=+=B*1;4.7;.*<=P&70`=B*1+&89`=BT2=1BL`= N479-*73=I7*1&3)`=UK=74>_&3)*7843 391<471)_(42 -S(-441=4+=B.48(.*3(*8`=C&7).S==U3.;*78.9>`=C&7).S=`=CF+*=-AX`=W&1*8`=UK=8>243)843 (&7).S=_&(_:0 T++ T-*= 81:,8= 4+= B7.9&.3= &3)= I7*1&3)= +472= &= <*11889:).*)= +&:3&= 4+= *(4342.(= .25479&3(*`= .3(1:).3,=2&3>=<.)*857*&)=E:745*&3=85*(.*8=.3;&8.;*=*18*<-*7*=*_,_`=&9=1*&89=-&1+=4+=9-*= -0=034<3=B7.9.8-=81:,=85*(.*8=&7*=*89&'1.8-*)=.3=N479-=A2*7.(&_=T-*=Q=789=241*(:1&7=,*3*9.(= 89:)>=4+=9-*=+&:3&=<&8=(&77.*)=4:9=94=.3;*89.,&9*=5&=*738=4+=.397&85*(.Q=(=&3)=.39*785*(.Q=(= ;&7.&9.43=.3=2.94(-43)7.&1=DNA=+0S=&3)=COI`=2475-414,>`=&3)=,*4,7&5->`=&3)=94=;*7.+>= 9-*=.)*39.9>=4+=85*(.2*38=:8*)=.3=&3=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=,:.)*_=C4397&898=<.9-=3:(1*&7=DNA= ITS8+=&3)=2475-414,>=<*7*=.3;*89.,&9*)=<.9-=7*+*7*3(*=94=9-*=*;.)*3(*=+47=.39*785*(.Q=(= ->'7.).8&9.43_=P->14,*3*9.(=&3)=).;*7,*3(*=&3&1>8*8=8:55479*)=9-*=).89.3(93*88=4+=&9=1*&89= -/=4+=9-*=-0=034<3=85*(.*8=9<4=85*(.*8=.3=A7.43=8:',*3:8=C&7.3&7.43=&7*=8(&7(*1>=).89.3(9_= B>=9-*=8&2*=(7.9*7.&=-4<*;*7`=&=+:79-*7=08+*=57*;.4:81>=:3)*9*(9*)=85*(.*8=+18,3=4+=9-*= +&:3&=&7*=&184=*89&'1.8-*)=.3=B7.9&.3=&3)247=I7*1&3)_=A19-4:,-=4;*71440*)`=1*88=9-&3=-&1+=4+= 9-*8*=&7*=2475-414,.(&11>=897.(91>=(7>59.(=&3)=842*=&55*&7=57*;.4:81>=:3)*8(7.'*)_=M489= &7*=574'&'1>=&((.)*39&11>=.3974):(*)`=&3)=8*;*7&1=&7*=&17*&)>=<.)*857*&)=.3=B7.9&.3=&3)= I7*1&3)=&3)=9-:8=5*7-&58=*18*<-*7*_=A9=1*&89=9<4=&7*=1.0*1>=94='*=51&39=5*898_=T-*=7*1&9.;*= )*,7**=4+=.397&85*(.Q=(=;&7.&9.43=&55*&78=94='*=&=5447=,:.)*=94=9-*=3&9.;*=89&9:8=4+=85*(.*8`= <.9-=-.,-=&3)=14<=;&7.&9.43=4((:77.3,=.3='49-=3&9.;*=&3)=.3974):(*)=9&=&_=+0S=&3)=ITS8+= )&9&=8-4<*)=842*=*;.)*3(*=+47=.39*785*(.Q=(=->'7.).8&9.43=&243,=9-*=1&7,*=A7.43=85*(.*8`= &19-4:,-=349=.3;41;.3,=A_=R=&,*11:8_=M47*=:3*=5*(9*)1>`=9-*=COI=&3)=2475-414,.(&1=)&9&= 8:,,*89=->'7.).8&9.43=.3;41;.3,=85*(.*8=5&.78=.3=D*74(*7&8=A,7.41.2&(.)&*=&3)=L.2&(:8= L.2&(.)&*_=I3=9-*=1&=*7=,74:58`=.3974,7*88.43=&55*&78=94=-&;*=4((:77*)=.3=43*=).7*(9.43= 431>`=<.9-=7*(*391>8.3;&).3,=1.3*&,*8='*(42.3,=(42243=&9=9-*=*=5*38*=4+=143,8*89&'1.8-*)= 47= 3&9.;*= 43*8_= T-*= 7*8:198= 8-4<= -4<= *;*3= &= <*11889:).*)`= 2&(748(45.(= +&:3&= (&3= '*= ;:13*7&'1*=94=(7>59.(=&3)=:3)*9*(9*)=.3;&8.438=&3)=(-&3,*8_ ,.. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T++_O, THE=ARION=SLUG=INVASION M.7.&2=Z*2&34;&+`,`=E;&=K345,`=G*7&1)=H*(0*1+`- +C425:9&9.43&1=&3)=M41*(:1&7=P45:1&9.43=G*3*9.(8`=I389.9:9*=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43`=U3.;*78.9>= 4+=B*73`=B&19?*7897&88*=0`=CH8-*+,=B*73`=S<.9?*71&3)=2.7.&2_?*2&34;& .**_:3.'*_(-`======,*7&1)_-*(0*1 .**_:3.'*_(- ,C422:3.9>=E(414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*73`=B&19?*7897&88*=0`= CH8=-*+,=B*73`=S<.9?*71&3)=*;&_0345 .**_:3.'*_(- -S<.88=I389.9:9*=4+=B.4.3+472&9.(8`=G*3454)*`=CH8+*+/=L&:8&33*`=S<.9?*71&3) T-*=81:,=A7.43=1:8.9&3.(:8=M&'.11*`=+202`=8>3_=A_=;:1,&7.8=M46:.38T&3)43`=+2//=.8=43*= 4+=9-*=-:3)7*)=2489=.3;&8.;*=&1.*3=85*(.*8=.3=E:745*_=I9=.8=&88:2*)=94=-&;*=47.,.3&9*)= +742=9-*=I'*7.&3=P*3.38:1&=&3)=-&8='**3=.3974):(*)=94=2&3>=E:745*&3=&3)=A2*7.(&3= (4:397.*8= .3= 7*(*39= )*(&)*8_= I9= (&:8*8= 8.,3.Q=(&39= *(4342.(= 1488*8= .3= &,7.(:19:7*= &3)= -479.(:19:7*`= &3)= .9= 89743,1>= &S=*(98= 3&9.;*= 7*1&9*)= 85*(.*8= 574'&'1>= '>= (425*9.9.43= 47=->'7.).?&9.43_=A_=1:8.9&3.(:8='*143,8=94=&=(4251*==4+=2475-414,.(&11>=;*7>=8.2.1&7= 85*(.*8`=<-.(-=&184=.3(1:)*8=A_=7:+:8=&3)=A_=&9*7_= I3=9-.8=P-D=574/*(9`=5->14,*3*9.(`=545:1&9.43=,*3*9.(8=&3)=*=5*7.2*39&1=&5574&(-*8=&7*= :8*)=94=)*9*72.3*=9-*=47.,.3=&3)=74:9*=4+=9-*=A7.43=.3;&8.43=&3)=9-*=2*(-&3.828=4+=9-*= .3;&8.43=8:((*88_=T-*=.3.9.&1=5-&8*=4+=9-*=241*(:1&7=&3&1>8*8=-&8=8-4<3=8:757.8.3,1>= 1&7,*=,*3*9.(=).;*7,*3(*=&243,=4V=*3=8>3945.(&11>=4((:77.3,=A7.43=81:,8_=H4<*;*7`=A_= 1:8.9&3.(:8=&55*&78=94='*=2:(-=1*88=).;*78*=9-&3=9-*=3&9.;*=A_=7:+:8=9-74:,-4:9=2489=4+= 9-*=7&3,*_=T-.8=.8=(438.89*39=<.9-=&=(:77*39=.3;&8.43=4+=E:745*=&3)=S<.9?*71&3)='>=A_= T++ 1:8.9&3.(:8=):7.3,=<-.(-=7*5*&9*)='4=1*3*(08=&3)=+4:3)*7=*;*398=&7*=*=5*(9*)=94=1*&)= 94=&=7*):(9.43=.3=,*3*9.(=).;*78.9>_= T-*='7**).3,=*=5*7.2*39=&.28=94=&88*88=9-*=.39*78=&3)=.397&85*(.Q=(=.39*7&(9.438=4+=A_= 1:8.9&3.(:8=&3)=9-*=S<.88=3&9.;*=A_=7:+:8_=G74<9-`=7*574):(9.;*=8:((*88=&3)=549*39.&1= ->'7.).?&9.43='*9<**3=9-*=85*(.*8=:3)*7=).S=*7*39=(43).9.438=&7*=*;&1:&9*)_=T-*=Q=789= 7*8:198=8:,,*89=9-&9=A_=1:8.9&3.(:8=.8=.3)**)=&='*=*7=(425*9.947=9-&3=A_=7:+:8_= F:79-*7= 7*8*&7(-= &3)= &3&1>8*8= <.11= &.2= 94= .)*39.+>= &)).9.43&1= *(414,.(&1= 5&7&2*9*78= (4397.':9.3,=94=9-*=8:((*88=4+=9-.8=.3;&8.;*=81:,_
T++_O- INTERACTION=BETWEEN=AN=INVASIVE=SLUG=ARION=LUSITANICUS AND=AN=AGGRESIVE=WEED=TARAXACUM=OFFICINALE A14.8=H43*0`=Z)*30&=M&79.304;& C745=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=D734;80&=/*1`=CZ=+0+*0=P7&,:*=0=:=R:?>3*`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=-43*0 ;:7;_(?`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
84:7(*=4+=)&3)*1.43=2479&1.9>`=,7&?.3,=4+=R=4<*78=2&>=&184='*=&3=.25479&39=84:7(*=4+= 2479&1.9>=&9=8.9*8=<-*7*=9-.8=81:,=.8=&':3)&39_ T-*= <470= <&8= 8:55479*)= '>= ,7&39= /,02*32+.-0= 4+= 9-*= G7&39= A,*3(>= 4+= 9-*= C?*(-= R*5:'1.(_
T++_O. INDIGENOUS=AND=INTRODUCED=GASTROPODS`=AND=THEIR= TREMATODESa=IMPLICATIONS=FOR=BIODIVERSITY F7.)&=B*38A2. D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=G*47,*=S_=W.8*=F&(:19>=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=T*1=A;.;=U3.;*78.9>`=T*1=A;.;=03312*+`= I87&*1=+7.)& 5489_9&:_&(_.1= P&7&8.9*8=51&>=&=)*(.8.;*=741*=.3=8:89&.3.3,=9-*=897:(9:7*=&3)='.4).;*78.9>=.3=+7*8-<&9*7= *(48>89*28`= '49-= 9-74:,-= 9-*.7= -4898= &3)= ;.&= 49-*7= +7**= 1.;.3,= 85*(.*8= 9-&9= 7*1>= 43= 9-*8*=-4898_=I3974):(*)=,&897454)8=(&3=&,,7&;&9*=9-*=8.9:&9.43=*.9-*7='>=97&382.=.3,= .3;&8.;*= 5&7&8.9*8= 47= 9-74:,-= .3(7*&8*)= 7*8.89&3(*= 94= 3&9.;*= 5&7&8.9*8= <-.(-= &114<8= 9-*2= 94= 4:9(425*9*= 3&9.;*= 83&.18_= F47= *=&251*`= ,&897454)= '.4).;*78.9>= .3= I87&*1= -&8= 8.,3.Q=(&391>= (-&3,*)= 8.3(*= 9-*= .3974):(9.43= 4+= 9<4= .3;&).3,= 9-.&7.)8a= T-.&7&= 8(&'7&= &3)=T&7*'.&=,7&3.+*7&_=N43*9-*1*88`='.4).;*78.9>=8:7;*>8=4V=*3=8&251*=-489=&3)=5&7&8.9*= 7.(-3*88=&9=).S=*7*39=54.398=.3=9.2*_=C438*6:*391>`=.9=.8=).T==(:19=94=&88*88=9-*=7*1&9.;*=741*= 4+='.49.(=;8_=&'.49.(=+&(9478=.3=2&.39&.3.3,=85*(.*8=7.(-3*88`=&3)=94=.)*39.+>=5&=*738=&3)= 97*3)8=4+='.4).;*78.9>=)*(1.3*_=A=(4257*-*38.;*=8:7;*>=4+=.+=3&9:7&1=+7*8-<&9*7=8.9*8= <&8=(43):(9*)=):7.3,=9-*=>*&78=,*++8,*+,_=T-*=8:7;*>=9&7,*9*)='49-=.3).,*34:8=&3)= T++ .3974):(*)=+7*8-<&9*7=,&897454)8`=.3(1:).3,=9-*.7=97*2&94)*8_=I3=949&1=Q=;*=.3).,*34:8= &3)=9<4=.3974):(*)=85*(.*8=4+=,&897454)8=<*7*=.)*39.Q=*)=2475-414,.(&11>_=N.3*=85*(.*8= 4+= 97*2&94)*8= <*7*= .)*39.Q=*)= :8.3,= 241*(:1&7= 2*9-4)8_= O3*= 97*2&94)*= 85*(.*8= <&8= +4:3)=94=.3+*(9=&11=8*;*3=85*(.*8=4+=,&897454)8`=&3)=9-7**=&)).9.43&1=97*2&94)*=85*(.*8= <*7*=+4:3)=94=.3+*(9=/80=85*(.*8=4+=,&897454)8_=I3974):(*)=,&897454)8=<*7*=7&7*1>=+4:3)= 94='*=.3+*(9*)_=T&0*3=94,*9-*7`=9-*8*=7*8:198=8:,,*89=9-&9=.3974):(*)=,&897454)8=2&>= 4:9(425*9*=9-*.7=.3).,*34:8=(4:39*75&798=;.&=.3(7*&8*)=7*8.89&3(*=94=3&9.;*=5&7&8.9*8_= A= '*=*7= :3)*789&3).3,= 4+= 9-*= 51&>*78= &S=*(9.3,= +7*8-<&9*7= ,&897454)= +&:3&= .3= I87&*1= <.11=&88.89=.3=)*;*145.3,=*S=*(9.;*=*7&).(&9.43=&3)=(439&.32*39=8(-*2*8=94=9-*='*3*Q=9=4+= &,7.(:19:7*=&3)=5:'1.(=-*&19-_
T++_O/ HABITAT=QUALITY=INFLUENCES=THE=TOLERANCE=OF=THE= ASIAN=GREEN=MUSSEL=PERNA=VIRIDIS=TOWARDS=HYPOXIA M&7*.0*=H:-3+`=M&70=L*3?,`=K&7*3=;43=J:*7?*30&-`=M&79.3=W&-1, +J1_=C*25&0&=,1`=K&25:8=IPB=D&72&,&`=+002*=B4,47`=I3)43*8.&=2-:-3 ,*42&7_)* JH*12-419?=C*397*=+47=O(*&3=R*8*&7N==GEOMAR`=H4-*3'*7,897_=,`=,.+*/=K.*1`=G*72&3>======21*3? ,*42&7_)*`=2<&-1 ,*42&7_)* KB4,47=A,7.(:19:7&1=U3.;*78.9>`=J1_=R&>&=D&72&,&=K&25:8`=IPB=D&72&,&=B4,47`=+002*=W*89=J&;&`= I3)43*8.&=0;/:9*7?*30& -&?<*.4_(42 A8= &= (438*6:*3(*= 4+= ,74<.3,= -:2&3= 545:1&9.438= .3= (4&89&1= &7*&8= &3)= 9-*= 7*8:19.3,= 97&385479=4+=3:97.*398=.394=9-*=8*&`=->54=.&=(&:8*)='>=2.(74'.&1=&(9.;.9>=.8=&3=.3(7*&8.3,1>= 8*;*7*=5-*342*343=.3=8-&114<8<&9*7=8>89*28_=T-*=A8.&3=,7**3=2:88*1=P*73&=;.7.).8=-&8= ,.0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
&=1&7,*=.3).,*34:8=&3)=3438.3).,*34:8=(.7(:29745.(&1=).897.':9.43&1=7&3,*=&3)=.8=4V=*3= +4:3)=.3=5411:9*)`=*:9745-.(=-&'.9&98=<-*7*=.9=8-4<8=&=-.,-=7*8.89&3(*=94=*3;.7432*39&1= 897*88_=S.3(*=9-*=2:88*18=897*88=941*7&3(*=.8=).8(:88*)=&8=43*=7*&843=+47=.98=.3;&8.;*3*88`= .9= .8= .25479&39= 94= :3)*789&3)= -4<= -&'.9&9= (43).9.438= *3-&3(*= 9-*= &'.1.9>= 94= 8:7;.;*= 897*88478_= S.3(*= +47= 5*78.89*39= .3;&8.43= 9-*= *39.7*= 1.+*(>(1*= 2:89= '*= &((4251.8-*)= 8:((*88+:11>`=.9=.8=7*1*;&39=94=&88*88=897*88=8*38.9.;.9>=&9=).S=*7*39=4394,*3*9.(=89&,*8_=I3= 1&'47&947>= *=5*7.2*398`= <*= .3;*89.,&9*)= 9-*= 2:88*18=941*7&3(*= 94= ->54=.&`= *=548.3,= &=.3).;.):&18=4+=545:1&9.438=+742=5411:9*)=;*78:8=:35411:9*)=-&'.9&98=43=9-*=I81&3)= 4+=J&;&`=I3)43*8.&`=&3)='=2:88*18=4+=+4:7=).S=*7*39=8.?*=(1&88*8=/82_3=22`=38++=22`= ++_+8+.=22`=+._+8+2=22=94=14<=4=>,*3=(43(*397&9.438=+47=,=&3)=-=<**08`=7*85*(9.;*1>_= W*=+4:3)=9-&9=8=.3=(4397&89=94=9-*=2:88*18=+742=9-*=:35411:9*)=8.9*=:=->54=.&=+=2,21= ).8841;*)=4=>,*3=DO=<&8=349=1*9-&1=+47=2:88*18=+742=9-*=5411:9*)=*3;.7432*39_=T-*= 1&=*7= &184= 8:7;.;*)= 143,*7= :3)*7= *_/= 2,21= DO_= H>54=.&= += 2,21= DO= <&8= 349= 1*9-&1= +47= 9-*= .39*72*).&9*= 8.?*8= 38+.= 22= 8-*11= 1*3,9-`= <-*7*&8= .9= <&8= +47= 2:88*18= 1&7,*7= 9-&3=+.=22=2*&3=9.2*=94=)*&9-=LT2*&3=-=++=)&>8_=T-*=82&11*89=2:88*18=8-4<*)= 14<= 8:7;.;&1= :3)*7= '49-`= ->54=.&= LT2*&3= -= +/= &3)= 34724=.&= LT2*&3= -= +0_= W*= 8:,,*89= 9-7**= ).S=*7*39= *(414,.(&1= 2*(-&3.828`= ._*_= &)&59&9.43`= &((1.2&9.43= &3)= +44)= &;&.1&'.1.9>`=&8=549*39.&1=(&:8*8=+47=9-*=-.,-*7=7*8.89&3(*=94=->54=.&=.3=2:88*18=+742=9-*= 5411:9*)=-&'.9&9_=F:79-*7247*`=<*=*=51&.3=9-*=8.?*8)*5*3)*39=941*7&3(*=).S=*7*3(*8='>= 9-*=7*&114(&9.43=4+=*3*7,>=+742=897*88=(425*38&9.43=94<&7)8=7*574):(9.43=):7.3,=9-*= 548982*9&2475-.(=)*;*1452*39_
T++ T++_O0 THE=INVASIVE=CORBICULA=FLUMINEA=POPULATIONS=IN=PORTUGAL C.)@1.&=G42*8+`,`=R43&1)4=S4:8&+`-`=P*)74=V.1&7*8+`,`=V.947=V&8(43(*148+`.`= L0(.&=G:.1-*72.34+`,`=A,489.3-4=A39:3*8+`. +CIMAR2CIIMAR=8=I39*7).8(.51.3&7>=C*397*=4+=M&7.3*=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=R*8*&7(-`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P4794`= R:&=)48=B7&,&8`=,23`=.*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1=,_(.)&1.& ,2&.1_(42 ,ICBAS=8=I389.9:9*=4+=9-*=B.42*).(&1=S(.*3(*8=4+=A'*1=S&1&?&7`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P4794`=R:&=)*=J47,*=V.9*7'4= F*77*.7&`=,,2`=.*/*8-+-=P4794`=P479:,&1 -CBMA=:=C*397*=4+=M41*(:1&7=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=B.414,>`=D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M.3-4`= C&25:8=)*=G:&19&7`=.1+*8*/1=B7&,&`=P479:,&1 .FCUP=8=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P4794`=R:&=)4=C&254=A1*,7*`=823=E).+c(.4=FC/`=.+038**1`= P4794`=P479:,&1 T-*= A8.&3= (1&2= C47'.(:1&= R=:2.3*&= .8= &3= .3;&8.;*= 85*(.*8= NIS= 47.,.3&11>= +742= A8.&= 9-&9=-&8='**3=857*&).3,=<471)<.)*=(&:8.3,=2&/47=*(414,.(&1=&3)=*(4342.(=.25&(98=.3= +7*8-<&9*7=*(48>89*28_=T-*=8:((*88+:1=.3;&8.;*='*-&;.4:7=4+=C_=R=:2.3*&=2&>='*=7*1&9*)= 94=9-*.7=3&9:7&1=97&.98_=R*(47)8=.3).(&9*=9-&9=.3=P479:,&1`=C_=R=:2.3*&=<&8=Q=7891>=)*9*(9*)= .3=9-*=T*/4=R.;*7=.3=+32*=&3)=&=+*<=>*&78=1&9*7=.3=49-*7=P479:,:*8*=*(48>89*28_=P7*;.4:8= 89:).*8=.3=9-*=M.3-4=&3)=L.2&=R.;*78=N479-=4+=P479:,&1=*2514>.3,=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1= DNA=(>94(-742*=(=4=.)&8*=8:':3.9=I=29DNA=COI=,*3*`=-&;*=8-4<3=9-*=57*;&1*3(*= 4+=43*=2&.3=-&5149>5*=<-.(-=.8=8.2.1&7=94=9-*=E:745*&3=-&5149>5*=I`=N479-=A2*7.(&3= -&5149>5*=+472=A=&3)=9-*=FW/=A8.&3=-&5149>5*=&3)=9-7**=49-*7=7&7*=-&5149>5*8=<*7*= &184=)*9*(9*)=431>=.3=9-*=M.3-4=R.;*7_=H4<*;*7`=C_=R=:2.3*&=545:1&9.438=+742=9-*=S4:9-= 4+=P479:,&1=3&2*1>`=T*/4`=G:&).&3&`=S&)4`=M.7&=R.;*78=-&;*=349='**3=&88*88*)=9-:8=+&7_= I3= 9-.8= (439*=9`= 9-*= 2&.3= 4'/*(9.;*8= 4+= 9-.8= 89:)>= &7*= 94= &88*88= 9-*= ,*3*9.(= ;&7.&'.1.9>= '*9<**3=9-*=C_=R=:2.3*&=545:1&9.438=+742=9-*=N479-=&3)=9-*=S4:9-=4+=P479:,&1=*2514>.3,= ABSTRACTS ,.1
29DNA=COI=,*3*=&3&1>8*8_=T-*=4'9&.3*)=7*8:198=<.11='*=(425&7*)=<.9-=49-*7=&;&.1&'1*= <471)<.)*= )&9&= 4+= C47'.(:1&= 85*(.*8= +742= 9-*= 3&9.;*= &3)= .3;&)*)= 7*,.438= &551>.3,= 545:1&9.43= ,*3*9.(8= &3)= 5->14,*4,7&5-.(&1= .3+*7*3(*= 2*9-4)414,.*8_= T-.8= ,*3*9.(= (-&7&(9*7.?&9.43=2&>=574;.)*=.38.,-9+:1=.3+472&9.43=7*,&7).3,=9-*=.3;&8.;*='*-&;.4:7= 4+=9-*8*=C47'.(:1&=R=:2.3*&=545:1&9.438=.3=P479:,&1_
T++_O1 THE=MOST=AGRESSIVE=FRESHWATER=INVADERSa=PARALLELS`=CONTRASTS`= SPREAD`=AND=ECOSYSTEM=IMPACT=OF=ZEBRA=AND=QUAGGA=MUSSELS A1*=&3)*7=Y_=K&7&9&>*;+`=L>:'4;=E_=B:71&04;&+`=D.&33&=K_=P&).11&, +G7*&9=L&0*8=C*39*7`=B:S=&14=S9&9*=C411*,*`=+-**=E12<44)=A;*3:*`=B:S=&14`=NY=+.,,,`=USA======0&7&9&&> ':S=&1489&9*_*):`=':71&01* ':S=&1489&9*_*): ,D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43`=S943>=B7440=U3.;*78.9>`=S943>=B7440=NY=++13.8/,./=USA= 5&).11& 1.+*_'.4_8:3>8'_*): D7*.88*3&=541>2475-&`=9-*=?*'7&=2:88*1`=&3)=D7*.88*3&=74897.+472.8=':,*38.8`=9-*=6:&,,&= 2:88*1`=(439.3:*=94=857*&)`='49-=.3=E:745*=&3)=N479-=A2*7.(&`=&9=;.79:&11>=&11=85&9.&1= 8(&1*8`= (&:8.3,= 8*7.4:8= *(4342.(= )&2&,*= &3)= &19*7.3,= 9-*= &6:&9.(= (422:3.9.*8= &3)= *(48>89*28=9-*>=.3;&)*_=W-.1*=9-*=?*'7&=2:88*1=.8=&243,=9-*='*89=89:).*)=+7*8-<&9*7= .3;*79*'7&9*8`= <*= )4= 349= &1<&>8= -&;*= (425&7&'1*= .3+472&9.43= +47= 6:&,,&= 2:88*18`= <-.(-=1.2.98=4:7=&'.1.9>=94=57*).(9=9-*=857*&)=&3)=*(414,.(&1=.25&(98=4+=9-.8=.25479&39= +7*8-<&9*7= .3;&)*7_= A19-4:,-= ?*'7&= &3)= 6:&,,&= 2:88*18= &7*= (148*1>= 7*1&9*)= 85*(.*8`= 8-&7*=&=(42243=3&9.;*=-&'.9&9`=1.+*=-.8947>`=&3)=).85*78&1=549*39.&1`=9-*=?*'7&=2:88*1=7&9*= T++ 4+=857*&)=-&8='**3=-.,-*7=9-&3=9-&9=4+=6:&,,&=2:88*1=&9=2489=85&9.&1=8(&1*8=9-74:,-4:9= 9-*.7=.3;&8.43=-.8947>_=T-*=*89.2&9*)=1&,=9.2*='*9<**3=.3.9.&1=.3974):(9.43=&3)=2&=.2&1= 545:1&9.43=8.?*=.8=/=9.2*8=8-479*7=+47=?*'7&=2:88*18=9-&3=9-&9=+47=6:&,,&=2:88*18`=<-.(-= 2&>='*=&3=.25479&39=+&(947=&S=*(9.3,=9-*=85**)=<.9-=<-.(-=9-.8=85*(.*8=(&3=857*&)_=T-*= *(414,.(&1=.25&(98=4+='49-=85*(.*8=&7*=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=9-*.7=741*=&8=*(48>89*2=*3,.3**78`= &3)=9-*=2&,3.9:)*=4+=9-*.7=*S=*(98=.8=)*9*72.3*)='>=9-*=545:1&9.43=)*38.9>=.3=&=,.;*3= <&9*7'4)>_=T-*= *(414,.(&1= *S=*(98= 4+= 6:&,,&= 2:88*18= 2&>= '*= 8.2.1&7= 94= 9-48*= 4+= 9-*= ?*'7&= 2:88*1`= 47= 9-*>= 2&>= '*= ,7*&9*7= ,.;*3= 9-&9= 6:&,,&= 2:88*18= &55*&7= 94= :9.1.?*= &= <.)*7=7&3,*=4+=-&'.9&98=<.9-.3=1&0*8=9-&3=)4=?*'7&=2:88*18`=&3)=&7*=9-*7*+47*=(&5&'1*=4+= &=&.3.3,=2:(-=1&7,*7=4;*7&11=545:1&9.43=8.?*8`=5&79.(:1&71>=.3=1&0*8=<.9-=1&7,*=574+:3)&1= ?43*8_=B*(&:8*=9-*=;&89=2&/47.9>=4+=4'8*7;&9.438=4+=6:&,,&=2:88*1=.25&(98=43=&6:&9.(= (422:3.9.*8= &3)= *3;.7432*398= -&;*= '**3= (43):(9*)= .3= <&9*7'4).*8= 57*;.4:81>= (4143.?*)='>=?*'7&=2:88*18`=.9=.8=;*7>=).T==(:19=94=).89.3,:.8-='*9<**3=9-*=*S=*(98=4+=?*'7&= &3)=6:&,,&=2:88*18_=
T++_P+ INTERACTION=BETWEEN=AN=INVASIVE=SLUG=ARION=LUSITANICUS=AND=AN= AGGRESIVE=WEED=TARAXACUM=OFFICINALE A14.8=H43*0`=Z)*30&=M&79.304;& C745=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=D734;80&=/*1`=CZ=+0+*0=P7&,:*=0=:=R:?>3*`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=-43*0 ;:7;_(?`= 2&79.304;& ;:7;_(? G7&?.3,='>=A7.43=1:8.9&3.(:8=M&'.11*=4+=.3R=47*8(*3(*8=4+=)&3)*1.43=T&7&=&(:2=4T==(.3&1*= &,,_=<&8=4'8*7;*)=&9=&=,7&88>=8.9*=<.9-=&3=&':3)&39=81:,=545:1&9.43_=T-*=81:,8=(1.2'*)= ,.2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
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`=,7&?.3,=4+=R=4<*78=2&>=&184='*=&3=.25479&39=84:7(*=4+= 2479&1.9>=&9=8.9*8=<-*7*=9-.8=81:,=.8=&':3)&39_ T-*= <470= <&8= 8:55479*)= '>= ,7&39= /,02*32+.-0= 4+= 9-*= G7&39= A,*3(>= 4+= 9-*= C?*(-= R*5:'1.(_
T++_P, PREFERENCE=OF=ARION=LUSITANICUS=FOR=SEEDLINGS=OF=HERB=SPECIES Z)*30&=M&79.304;&`=A14.8=H43*0 C745=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=D734;80&=/*1`=CZ=+0+*0=P7&,:*=0=:=R:?>3*`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(======2&79.304;& ;:7;_(?`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`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`=P0*_+_=N.3*=85*(.*8=4+=8**)1.3,8=<*7*=1*88=&3)=43*=247*=57*+*77*)= 9-&3= T_= 4T==(.3&1*_= T-*= 7*8:198= 8-4<= 9-&9= A_= 1:8.9&3.(:8= .8= (&5&'1*= 94= ).89.3,:.8-= &3)= 57*(.8*1>=14(&9*=57*8*3(*=4+=5&79.(:1&7=85*(.*8=4+=8**)1.3,8`=<.)*1>=8(&=*7*)=.3=&=,7&88>= :3)*7,74<9-=3&9:7&1=*=5*7.2*39=47=)*38*1>=&,,7*,&9*)=1&'47&947>=*=5*7.2*39_ T-*= <470= <&8= 8:55479*)= '>= ,7&39= /,02*32+.-0= 4+= 9-*= G7&39= A,*3(>= 4+= 9-*= C?*(-= R*5:'1.(_ ABSTRACTS ,.3
T++_P- EXPANSION=OF=THE=CHINESE=POND=MUSSEL=ANODONTA=WOODIANA= POPULATION=IN=POLAND M&7.&=U7'&80&+`=W4/(.*(-=A3)7?*/*<80.,`=J&3=M&?:70.*<.(?, +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>=I389.9:9*=4+=Z4414,>`=P4?3&=U3.;*78.9>=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=W4/80&=P4180.*,4=1+C`= 0*80,/=P4?3&`=P41&3)=:7'&380& :5_54?3&3_51 ,D*5&792*39=4+=D.;.8.43=4+=I31&3)=F.8-*7.*8=&3)=A6:&(:19:7*=I389.9:9*=4+=Z4414,>`=P4?3&=U3.;*78.9>=4+= L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=W4/80&=P4180.*,4=1+C`=0*80,/=P4?3&`=P41&3)=<4/9*0 :5_54?3&3_51 W.)*8&7*&=9*77&.3=7*8*&7(-=)43*=1&89=>*&78=.3=P41&3)=8-4<*)=9-&9=545:1&9.43=4+=C-.3*8*= 543)= 2:88*1= S.3&34)439&= <44).&3&= L*&`= +2-.= B.;&1;.&`= U3.43.)&*= 748*= &3)= .8= .3= &= ,44)=89&9*_=T-*=85*(.*8=<&8=&17*&)>=.)*39.Q=*)=.3=8*;*7&1=<&9*7=7*8*7;4.78=&(7488=P41&3)_= T-*=545:1&9.43=':10=&3)=85*(.2*38=8.?*=&7*=).S=*7*39=)*5*3).3,=43=-&'.9&9=(43).9.438_ S*98=4+=S.3&34)439&=<44).&3&=85*(.2*38=+742=7*8*7;4.78=<*7*=(411*(9*)=&3)=2*&8:7*)= 8.?*`=9-*=3:2'*7=4+=,74<9-=7.3,8`=8-*11=9-.(03*88`=<*.,-9_=O3=9-.8='&8.8=842*=&)).9.43&1= 6:&39.9.*8=<*7*=(&1(:1&9*)=&,*`=8-&5*=.3)*=_=T-*8*=&(9.438=&114<*)=94=)*9*72.3*=842*= *3;.7432*39&1=+&(9478=9-&9=&7*=(43):(9.;*=94=9-*=545:1&9.43=;.9&1.9>_=T-*=7*8:198=<*7*= (43Q=72*)=<.9-=89&9.89.(&1=&3&1>8*8=*_,_=+&(947=&3&1>8.8`=(&343.(&1=&3&1>8.8`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`=9-*=247*='.42&88=(&3='*=4'9&.3*)_=T-*= 3:2'*7=4+=2:88*18=.3(7*&8*)=.+=&=7*8*7;4.7=<&8=1*88=86:&7*=.3=9-*=8-&5*_=O1)*7=2:88*18= 4((:77*)=.3=)**5*7=Q=8-=543)8_=T-*=1*88=7*8*7;4.7=)*59-=&3)=1*88=8*).2*39=9-.(03*88`=9-*= '.,,*7=2:88*1=85*(.2*38=1.;*=.3=Q=8-=543)8_=I+=&=7*8*7;4.7=.8=,7*&9*7=&3)=9-*=3:2'*7=4+= 543)=)7&.3.3,=.8=14<*7`=,7*&9*7=2:88*18=(&3='*=*3(4:39*7*)_
T++_P. ANODONTA=WOODIANA=LEA`=+2-.=:= A=REVIEW=OF=ITS=EUROPEAN=DISTRIBUTION O&3&=P&:1&=P45&+`=A3&8M&7.&=K7&5&1+`,`=E1*3&=I:1.&=I47,:+`=A1*=&3)7&8F147.3&= L*;E7)E+`=L:.8=O;.).:=P45&+ +D*5&792*39=4+=M41*(:1&7=B.414,>`=G7.,47*=A39.5&=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=S48_=K.8*1*S== 34_+`=*++-.+=B:(-&7*89`=R42&3.&=45545& &39.5&_74`=&3&_07&5&1 &39.5&_74`=*1*3&5 &39.5&_74`= &1*=&3)7&_1*;&7)& &39.5&_74`=545&1:.8 &39.5&_74 ,D*5&792*398=4+=B.4(-*2.897>=&3)=M41*(:1&7=B.414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B:(-&7*89`=3+83/= S51&.:1=I3)*5*3)*3,*.`=*/**3/=B:(-&7*89`=R42&3.& T-*=+7*8-<&9*7=2:88*1=A34)439&=<44).&3&=L*&`=+2-.=C-.3*8*=H:,*=M:88*1=.8=43*=4+= 9-*=1&7,*89=.3;&8.;*=U3.43.)=85*(.*8=57*8*39=.3=9-*=E:745*&3=F&:3&_=T-*=85*(.*8=.8=3&9.;*= 94= S4:9-= E&89*73=A8.&`= I3)4(-.3&`= C-.3&`= K47*&`= J&5&3`= T&.<&3= &3)= 9-*=A2:7= B&8.3= .3=E&89*73=R:88.&_=Z-&).3=(1&88.Q=*)=9-*=85*(.*8=.3=9-*=A34)439&=,*3:8`=<-.1*=F&103*7= &88.,3*)=9-*=85*(.*8=94=9-*=S.3&34)439&=,*3:8_=A_=<44).&3&=<&8=+4:3)=+47=9-*=Q=789=9.2*= .3=E:745*=.3=R42&3.&=.3=+313=+742=Q=8-=+&728=&9=C*+&8O7&)*&_=I98=57*8*3(*=<&8=1.30*)= <.9-=&=+30*=.25479=4+=C-.3*8*=C&75=.3+*89*)=<.9-=9-*=,14(-.).&=4+=9-*=2:88*1`=+742=9-*= ,/* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
Y&3,9?*=S97*&2=B&8.3=C-.3&_=O9-*7=.3+*89*)=Q=8-=894(08=<*7*='74:,-9=94=R42&3.&=&9= N:(*9=Q=8-=+&72`=+742=9-*=A2:7=R.;*7`='*9<**3=+30-=&3)=+30/_= T-.8=5&5*7=.3;*89.,&9*8=9-*=-.8947.(=&3)=(:77*39='.4,*4,7&5-.(=7&3,*=4+=9-.8=.3;&8.;*= 85*(.*8= '&8*)= 43= /*= (.9&9.438= (411*(9*)= +742= 9-*= 8(.*39.Q=(= 1.9*7&9:7*_= T-*= 2:88*1= <&8= 7*5479*)= +742= 9-*= +4114<.3,= E:745*&3= (4:397.*8a= A:897.&= ,*++`= B*1,.:2= ,**3`= B:1,&7.&=,**0`=C74&9.&=,**0`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=+331`=F7&3(*=+323`=G*72&3>=,*++`= G7**(*=,**2`=H:3,&7>=+32.`=I9&1>=+332`=M41)4;&=,*++`=P41&3)=+33-`=R42&3.&= +313`=S*7'.&=,**/=`=S14;&0.&=+333`=S14;*3.&=,*+,`=S5&.3=,**3`=S<*)*3=,**2`=T-*= N*9-*71&3)8=,**2=&3)=U07&.3*=,**/_ A_=<44).&3&=.3;&)*)=E:745*&3=<&9*7=7&5.)1>=<.9-=2&/47=(438*6:*3(*8=1.0*=(425*9.9.43= +47=+44)=&3)=+47=-489=Q=8-=85*(.*8=<.9-=3&9.;*=2:88*18_=
T++_P/ CORBICULA=FLUMINEA=INVASION=IN=LAKE=MAGGIORE=ITALYa= A=THREE8YEAR=FIELD=MONITORING I_=G:&73*7.`=A_=C&7)*((.&`=R_=L&:(*7.`=L=K&2':7_80&`=N_=R.((&7). CNR8ISE=:=I389.9:9*=4+=E(48>89*2=S9:)>`=L&7,4=T43411.=/*`=,23,,=V*7'&3.&=P&11&3?&`=I9&1>======._,:&73*7. .8*_(37_.9`=&_(&7)*((.& .8*_(37_.9`=7_1&:(*7. .8*_(37_.9`=1_0&2':780& .8*_(37_.9`= 3_7.((&7). .8*_(37_.9 C47'.(:1&=R=:2.3*&=M311*7`=+11.=<&8=7*(47)*)=+47=9-*=Q=789=9.2*=.3=L&0*=M&,,.47*=.3=,*+*_= R*(*391>`=5488.'1*=.3974):(9.43=.3=9-*=L&0*=<&8=8:,,*89*)=&8=(42.3,=+742=&=545:1&9.43= T++ 8*=1*)=.3=R.;*7=T.(.34=4:91*9_=T-.8=89:)>=+4(:8*)=43=85&9.&1=&3)=9*2547&1=;&7.&9.438=.3= &':3)&3(*`='.42&88=&3)=545:1&9.43=897:(9:7*=4+=C_=R=:2.3*&=.3=L&0*=M&,,.47*=):7.3,= 9-*=5*7.4)=,*+*8,*+-_=C1&28=<*7*=6:&39.9&9.;*1>=8&251*)=&9=+4:7=8.9*8=A3,*7&`=A743&`= B7*''.&=&3)=F*7.414=14(&9*)=.3=9-*=S4:9-*73=5&79=4+=9-*=1.=47&1=&7*&`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`=94,*9-*7=<.9-=9-*=(4397.':9.43=4+=:5=94=9-7**8>*&78841)=.3).;.):&18=(4:1)= 89&3)=9-*=848(&11*)=14,85-&8*=857*&)=4+=&3=*89&'1.8-*)=545:1&9.43=4+=9-*=.3;&8.43= 574(*88_=O3=9-*=45548.9*`=9-*=8.?*=).897.':9.43=&3)=)*38.9>=4'8*7;*)=&9=A743&=2&=.2:2= 4+=+-0=.3)_28,=.3=A57.1=,*+-=8:,,*89*)=&=)*(1.3*=4+=C47'.(:1&_=H4<*;*7`=9-*=3479-<&7)= 857*&).3,= 4+= 9-*= 85*(.*8= <&8= (43Q=72*)= .3= 8:22*7= ,*++= <-*3= (1&28= <*7*= +4:3)= &9= &= 3*<= 14(&9.43= 43= L42'&7)>= 8-47*`= 9-:8= ,.;.3,= 9-*= 5488.'.1.9>= 94= 89:)>= 1&,85-&8*= .3.9.&1=).85*78&1=&3)=*89&'1.8-2*39=4+=8*1+88:89&.3.3,=545:1&9.43=4+=C_=R=:2.3*&=.3;&8.43= )>3&2.(8_ ABSTRACTS ,/+
T++_P0
POPULATION=GENETICS=OF=ANADARA=KAGOSHIMENSIS=TOKUNAGA`=+3*0= FROM=TWO=EUROPEAN=SEAS A1*=&3)7&8F147.3&=L*;E7)E+`=A3&8M&7.&=K7&5&1+`,`=O&3&=P&:1&=P45&+`=F&'.4=C74(*=&-`= E1*3&=I:1.&=I47,:+`=M&7.*9&=C489&(-*,`=L:.8=O;.).:=P45&+ +D*5&792*39=4+=M41*(:1&7=B.414,>`=G7.,47*=A39.5&=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`= S48_=K.8*1*S==34_+`=*++-.+=B:(-&7*89`=R42&3.&=&1*=&3)7&_1*;&7)& &39.5&_74`=&3&_07&5&1 &39.5&_74`= 45545& &39.5&_74`=*1*3&5 &39.5&_74`=545&1:.8 &39.5&_74 ,D*5&792*398=4+=B.4(-*2.897>=&3)=M41*(:1&7=B.414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B:(-&7*89`= 3+83/=S51&.:1=I3)*5*3)*3,*.`=*/**3/=B:(-&7*89`=R42&3.&=2&7.*9&(489&(-* >&-44_(42= -S9&?.43*=Z4414,.(&=A3943=D4-73`=V.11&=C42:3&1*`=I82*+,+=N&541.`=I9&1>=+&'.4_(74(*=& 8?3_.9 A3&)&7&= 0&,48-.2*38.8= T40:3&,&`= +3*0= 4V=*3= 14(&11>= 2.8.)*39.Q=*)= &8= A_= .3*6:.;&1;.8= B7:,:.T7*`=+123 =.8=&3=&3&)&7.)=85*(.*8=47.,.3&9.3,=.3=9-*=I3)48P&(.Q=(=7*,.43=&3)=Q=789= +4:3)=&74:3)=+300=.3=9-*=A)7.&9.(=S*&=&3)=.3=+32-=.3=9-*=B1&(0=S*&_ I3= 9-.8= 89:)>= <*= :8*)= DNA= 2.(748&9*11.9*8= 94= &3&1>?*= .98= ,*3*9.(= ;&7.&'.1.9>= &9= 9<4= ,*4,7&5-.(=8(&1*8`=&=82&11='*9<**3=9<4=545:1&9.438=&9=9-*=R42&3.&3=B1&(0=S*&=(4&89= &3)=&=1&7,*=43*='*9<**3=9-*=R42&3.&3=545:1&9.438=&3)=&3=I9&1.&3=545:1&9.43=.3=9-*= A)7.&9.(=S*&_= T-*=4'8*7;*)=,*3*9.(=).;*78.9>=<&8=24)*7&9*=J489=D*89-*_-=&3)=57.2&7.1>=&((4:39*)= '>=9-*=;&7.&'.1.9>='*9<**3=9-*=B1&(0=&3)=A)7.&9.(=S*&=8&251*8_=A11=9-7**=545:1&9.438= *=-.'.9*)= &= 24)*7&9*= 1*;*1= 4+= .3'7**).3,`= &8= 2*&8:7*)= '>= 9-*= .3'7**).3,= .3)*== F = IS T++ *_+/28*_,/+`=&3)=&=8.,3.Q=(&39=)*Q=(.9=4+=-*9*74?>,49*8`=&8=&184=4'8*7;*)=.3=49-*7=2&7.3*= '.;&1;*=85*(.*8_=N4=,*3*=R=4<=<&8=4'8*7;*)='*9<**3=9-*=9<4=8*&8`=&3)=9-*8*=7*8:198=&7*= (438.89*39=<.9-=9-*=->549-*8.8=9-&9=9-*=(4143.?&9.43=4+=9-*=B1&(0=&3)=A)7.&9.(=S*&8=&748*= &8=.3)*5*3)*39=*;*398_=A8=A_=0&,48-.2*38.8=*=-.'.98=&=1.+*=(>(1*=<.9-=5*1&,.(=1&7;&*`=9-*= 57*8*3(*=4+=&='.8).7*(9.43&1=,*3*=R=4<=<&8=9*89*)='*9<**3=9-*=9<4=8:7;*>*)=B1&(0=S*&= 545:1&9.438`=*=5*(9.3,=9-&9=9-*=)42.3&39=).7*(9.43=4+=9-*=(4&89&1=(:77*398=<4:1)=)7.;*= 9-*=,*3*9.(=897:(9:7.3,=4+=9-*=545:1&9.438_=A19-4:,-=9-*=2&.3=B1&(0=S*&=(:77*39=R=4<8= +742=N479-=94=S4:9-`=).7*(9.43=7*;*78&1=<&8=7*5479*)=.3=;&7.4:8=7*,.438=4+=9-*=R42&3.&3= (4&89_=I3=4:7=89:)>`=9-*=7*(*39=.22.,7&9.43=7&9*8=*89.2&9*)=:8.3,=&=B&>*8.&3=&5574&(-= .)*39.Q=*)=&=8.,3.Q=(&391>=-.,-*7=,*3*=R=4<=+742=S4:9-=94=N479-=&143,=9-*=<*89*73=B1&(0= S*&=(4&89_=P488.'1*=(&:8*8=4+=9-*=7*;*78&1=4+=9-*=2&.3=(:77*39=-&;*='**3=.)*39.Q=*)=&8=9-*= (-&3,*=.3=<.3)=85**)2).7*(9.43=&3)=9-*=;&7.&9.43=.3=9-*=).8(-&7,*=4+=9-*=D&3:'*=.394= 9-*=B1&(0=S*&=<-.(-=,*3*7&9*8=&=)*38.9>=,7&).*39=.3=9-*=8*&_
T++_P1 THE=GIANT=AFRICAN=SNAIL=ACHATINA=FULICA=AND=ITS=ROLE=IN= THE=EPIDEMIOLOGY=OF=EOSINOPHILIC=MENINGITIS=IN=SOUTH=AND= SOUHTHEAST=BRAZIL S.1;&3&=C_=T-.*3,4`=E1.?&3,*1&=F_=)&=S.1;&`=M&79&=C_=P.394`=M43.(&=A_=F*73&3)*? L&'47&97.4=)*=M&1&(414,.&=:=I389.9:94=O8<&1)4=C7:?_=A;_=B7&8.1`=.-0/`=M&3,:.3-48`=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=RJ`= B7&8.1_=,+*.*8-0*=89-.*3,4 .4(_Q=4(7:?_'7`=*+*.948& .4(_Q=4(7:?_'7`=&2243 .4(_Q=4(7:?_'7 T-*= 2*9&89743,>14.)= 3*2&94)*= A3,.489743,>1:8= (&3943*38.8= .8= 9-*= 2489= .25479&39= *9.414,.(&1= &,*39= 4+= *48.345-.1.(= 2*3.3,.9.8= .3= -:2&38_= T-*= 1.+*= (>(1*= 4((:78= &243,= ,/, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
74)*398=&3)=2&3>=).S=*7*39=2411:8(8=&(9.3,=&8=.39*72*).&9*=-4898=<-*7*&8=+7*8-<&9*7= 8-7.25`=Q=8-*8`=+74,8=&3)=R=&9<4728=&7*=5&7&9*3.(=-4898`=&243,=49-*78_=T-.8=5&7&8.9*`= <.)*857*&)= .3= S4:9-*&89=A8.&= &3)= 842*= P&(.Q=(= .81&3)8`= -&8= 34<= ).85*78*)= 94= 49-*7= 7*,.438`= .3(1:).3,= S4:9-=A2*7.(&= &3)= B7&?.1_= T-*= 857*&)= 4+= 9-.8= *2*7,.3,= ?44348.8= .8=(477*1&9*)=<.9-=.3(7*&8*)=94:7.82`=(422*7(*`=&3)=9-*=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=4+=-&'.98=&3)= (:89428=.3=(*79&.3=(4:397.*8`=+&(9478=9-&9=-&;*=+&(.1.9&9*)=9-*=).85*78&1=4+=9-*=)*Q=3.9.;*= &3)= .39*72*).&9*= -4898= 4+= A_= (&3943*38.8_= I3= &)).9.43`= 9-*= .3974):(9.43= 4+= 34383&9.;*= 2411:8(8=51&>8=&3=.25479&39=741*`=&8=-&8='**3=4'8*7;*)=<.9-=9-*=,.&39=A+7.(&3=83&.1`= A(-&9.3&=+:1.(&`=.3=B7&?.1=&3)=9-*=S4:9-=A2*7.(&3=+7*8-<&9*7=83&.1=P42&(*&=(&3&1.(:1&9&= .3= C-.3&_= B7&?.1= .8= 34<&)&>8= *=5*7.*3(.3,= 9-*= *=5148.;*= 5-&8*= 4+= A_= +:1.(&= .3;&8.43= &3)=<*=7*5479=-*7*=9-*=7*8:198=4+=9-*=8*&7(-=+47=85*(.2*38=4+=9-.8=85*(.*8=.3+*(9*)='>= A_= (&3943*38.8= +742= 9-*= S4:9-= &3)= 9-*= S4:9-*&89= 7*,.438= 4+= B7&?.1= +742= ,*+*= 94= M&>= ,*+-_=S4:9-=7*,.43a=.3+*(9*)=85*(.2*38=<*7*=+4:3)=.3=9-*=2:3.(.5&1.9>=4+=F147.&34541.8`= S9&9*=4+=S&39&=C&9&7.3&b=&8=+47=84:9-*&89`=9-*7*=<*7*=+4:3)=.3=9-*=S9&9*=4+=R.4=)*=J&3*.74= 2:3.(.5&1.9.*8=4+=N.9*7.`=N4;&=I,:&O:`=Q:*.2&)48=&3)=R.4=)*=J&3*.74=&3)=.3=9-*=S9&9*= 4+=SD4=P&:14=2:3.(.5&1.9.*8=4+=J:3).&c`=R.4=C1&74=&3)=SD4=P&:14_=T&0.3,=.3=&((4:39= 9-*=3:2'*7=4+=.3+*(9*)=85*(.2*38=.3=&)).9.43=94=-:,*=545:1&9.438=4+=A_=+:1.(&=.3=&11=,0= S9&9*8=4+=9-*=(4:397>`=*=(*59=R.4=G7&3)*=)4=S:1`=7*2&708=43=9-*=741*=4+=9-.8=85*(.*8=.3=9-*= 97&382.88.43=4+=*48.345-.1.(=2*3.3,.9.8=.3=B7&?.1=&7*=&184=57*8*39*)_=
T++_P2 BACKGROUND=LEVELS=OF=MARKERS=OF=ENERGY=RESERVE= AND=RNA2DNA=RATIO=OF=CORBICULA=FLUMINEA=MLLER`=+11.= T++ IN=THE=RIVER=MINHO=ESTUARY S-*.1&=R.;&88R4)7c,:*?+`,`=M =)*1=C&72*3=C4'4+`-`=P&'14=G2*?+`,`= R:Q=34=V.*.7&8L&3*74,`=F*73&3)4=C4'4+`, +D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z4414=c&=*=A39745414=c&=Fc8.(&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=B.414=c&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4= )*=C425489*1&`=C&25:8=V.)&`=823_=+/12,=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=S5&.3=8-*.1&_7.;&8 :8(_*8`= 2&7.&)*1(&72*3_(4'4 :8(_*8`=5&'14_,42*? :8(_*8`=+*73&3)4_(4'4 :8(_*8 ,E89&(.3=)*=H.)74'.414,c&=E3(474=)4=C43`=C&8974&,:)c38C*&`=823_=-00+1=V.1&,&7(c&=)*=A74:8&`= P439*;*)7&`=S5&.3=7:Q=34_;.*.7& :8(_*8 -E89&(.3=)*=B.414=c&=M&7.&=)*=A=G7&&`=R0&=)&=R.'*.7&`=3 =+_=.+//3*=A=G7&&=:=F*7741`=S5&.3 T-*=A8.&9.(=(1&2=C47'.(:1&=R=:2.3*&=M311*7`=+11.=.8=&='.;&1;*=3&9.;*=94=9-*=+7*8-<&9*78=&3)= *89:&7.*8=4+=S4:9-8E&89=A8.&_=O:98.)*=.98=3&9:7&1=7&3,*=C_=R=:2.3*&=.8=(438.)*7*)=&8=&3=*=49.(= .3;&8.;*=85*(.*8=<471)<.)*_=T-*=Q=789=7*(47)8=4+=9-.8=85*(.*8=.3=9-*=R.;*7=M.3-4=NW=S5&.3= )&9*='&(0=94=+323_ I3=9-*=1&89=+*<=>*&78`=842*=7*8*&7(-*78=-&;*='*,:3=94=:8*=842*=2&70*78=4+=*3*7,*9.(=7*8*7;*8= &8=&=9441=+47=&3&1>?.3,=9-*=*S=*(98=4+=).S=*7*39=9>5*8=4+=897*88=43=47,&3.828=&3)=-4<=9-*>= &S=*(9=9-*.7=545:1&9.438_=I3=9-.8=<470=<*=-&;*=89:).*)=9-*='&(0,74:3)=1*;*18=4+=5749*.38`= ,1>(4,*3`=&3)=9-*=RNA2DNA=7&9.4=4+=.3).;.):&18=4+=).S=*7*39=&,*8_=T-*8*=2*9&'41.(=.3).(*8= &7*= &184= :8*)= &8= .3).(&9478= 4+= 9-*= 5->8.414,.(&1= 89&9*= 4+= 9-*= 47,&3.828= ):7.3,= ).S=*7*39= 7*574):(9.;*=5*7.4)8=&3)=,74<9-`=&8=<*11=&8=.3).(&9478=4+=3:97.9.43&1=89&9:8_ T-*=89:).*)=85*(.2*38=<*7*=(411*(9*)=.3=9-*=R.;*7=M.3-4=*89:&7>=):7.3,=9-*=8:22*7=4+= ,*+*`=&9=&=8&251.3,=8.9*=14(&9*)=&9=,+=02=+742=.98=24:9-_=I3=9-*8*=8&251*8=<*=8*1*(9*)= 8*;*7&1= 7*57*8*39&9.;*= .3).;.):&18= 4+= *&(-= (4-479_= F449= &3)= ,.118= 4+= 9-*8*= .3).;.):&18= <*7*=*=97&(9*)=94=)*9*72.3*`=.3=*&(-=(4-479`=9-*='&(0,74:3)=1*;*18=4+=9-*=9-7**=8*1*(9*)= 241*(:1&7='.42&70*78_ ABSTRACTS ,/-
W*=.)*39.Q=*)=3.3*=(4-4798`=<-*7*=5749*.3=1*;*18=7&3,*)=+742=,+_/-=)=/_.1=2,2,=.3=9-*= (4-479= += 94= ./_+1= )= /_0,= 2,2,= .3= 9-*= (4-479= 2`= :3)*7,4.3,= &= 89**5= .3(7*&8*= '*9<**3= (4-4798=+=&3)=,`=<-.(-=.8=+4114<*)='>=&=8.,3.Q=(&39=)*(7*&8*=.3=9-*=(4-479=-_=I3=9-*=(&8*=4+= ,1>(4,*3=;&1:*8=7&3,*)=+742=*_11=)=*_--=2,2,=.3=9-*=(4-479=/=94=3_/1=)=+_0*=2,2,=.3=9-*= (4-479=0`=<-.(-=.8=&184=9-*=89**5*89=.3(7*&8*='*9<**3=(4-4798=+47=9-.8='.42&70*7_=F.3&11>`= ;&1:*8=4+=RNA2DNA=7&9.4=7&3,*)=+742=-_33=)=*_20=2,2,=.3=9-*=(4-479=2=94=+*_3+=)=._3/= 2,2,=.3=9-*=(4-479=/_ O:7=7*8:198=8-4<=9-&9=;&7.&9.438=.3=9-*=2&70*78=89:).*)=.3=9-.8=545:1&9.43=4+=C_=R=:2.3*&= &7*=2&.31>=7*1&9*)=94=9-*=,74<9-=&3)=7*574):(9.;*=(>(1*=4+=9-.8=85*(.*8_
T++ ,/. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+, COLOUR=IN=MOLLUSCS M&1,47?&9&=O?,4 I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=P749*(9.43`=P42*7&3.&3=U3.;*78.9>`=A7(.8?*<80.*,4=,,B`= 108,**=S1:580`=P41&3)=24?,4_'.41 .39*7.&_51 C414:7=.8=&=+&8(.3&9.3,=+*&9:7*=.3=&3.2&18_==I98=+:3(9.438=.3(1:)*=(43(*&12*39`=(422:3.(&9.43= &3)=7*,:1&9.43=4+=5->8.414,.(&1=574(*88*8`=&3)=.9=.8=4V=*3=1.30*)=<.9-=85*(.Q=(='*-&;.4:7_== T-*=7*1&9.;*=.25479&3(*=4+=9-48*=+:3(9.438=).S=*78=&243,=9&=&`=8*=*8`=&3)=&,*=89&,*8`=&3)= 9-*=7*8:19.3,=(4147&9.43=.8=&=(425742.8*=&243,=(43(:77*39=8*1*(9.;*=+47(*8_==S42*=7*&11>= 85*(9&(:1&7=(414:7=+4728=(&3='*=+4:3)=.3=2411:8(8`=+742=897.0.3,1>=).;*78*=8-*11=(414:78= .3=842*=83&.1=85*(.*8`=9-74:,-=+&.7>9&1*='4)>=(414:7&9.43=.3=45.894'7&3(-8`=94=(*5-&1454)= &55*&7&3(*=9-&9=(&3=(-&3,*=<.9-=&=85**)=:35&7&11*1*)=.3=9-*=&3.2&1=0.3,)42_==T-*=5:7548*= 4+=9-*=8>2548.:2=.8=94='7.3,=94,*9-*7=7*8*&7(-*78=<470.3,=43=2411:8(=(414:7&9.43_==T-*= 1*&).3,=.)*&=.8=9-&9=89:).*8=43=(414:7`=84=89743,1>=&55*&1.3,=94=4:7=&*89-*9.(=8*38*`=(&3=&184= '7.3,=&38<*78=94=(*397&1=6:*89.438=.3=*(414,>`='*-&;.4:7&1=&3)=*;41:9.43&7>='.414,>_
T+,_O+ ONE=POLYMORPHISM`=TWO=SPECIES`=SEVERAL=QUESTIONSa= WHAT=DOES=THE=SHELL=COLOUR=AND=BANDING=POLYMORPHISM= OF=CEPAEA=TELL=US R4'*79=C&2*743 D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=&3)=P1&39=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S-*T==*1)`=S-*T==*1)=S+*=,DL`=UK=&3)=D*5&792*39=4+= T+, Z4414,>`=T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=C742<*11=R4&)`=L43)43=SW1=/BD`=UK=7_(&2*743 8-*T==*1)_&(_:0 T-*= 9<4= (42243= C*5&*&= 85*(.*8= 4+= <*89*73= &3)= (*397&1= E:745*= 8-&7*= &= (42243= 8-*11= (414:7= &3)= '&3).3,= 541>2475-.82= &3)= -&;*= &= 8.2.1&7= 7&3,*= 4+= 034<3= 2475-8_= T-*>= -&;*=<.)*1>=4;*71&55.3,=,*4,7&5-.(&1=&3)=-&'.9&9=7&3,*8_=M475-8+7*6:*3(>=;&7.&9.43=&8= &=7*85438*=94=(1.2&9.(=47=57*)&947=8*1*(9.43=.8=034<3=.3='49-_=N*;*79-*1*88`=9-*=5&=*738= 4+=;&7.&9.43=&7*=;*7>=).S=*7*39=.3=*&(-_=T-*=-.8947.(=)&9&=+742=9-*=E;41:9.43=M*,&1&'=.8= :8*)=94=*=5147*=9-*8*=).S=*7*3(*8=&(7488=9-*.7=7&3,*8=&3)=94=1440=+47=.39*7&(9.438=.3=2.=*)= 545:1&9.438_=A55*&7&3(*= &143*= (&3349= *=51&.3= 9-*8*= ).S=*7*3(*8`= &3)= &= (42'.3&9.43= 4+= 545:1&9.43=-.8947.*8=&3)=).S=*7*3(*8=.3='*-&;.4:7&1=&3)=5->8.414,.(&1=5745*79.*8=&243,= 9-*=2475-8=4+=*&(-=85*(.*8=2:89='*=.3;41;*)_=I3='49-=85*(.*8`=9-*=541>2475-.82=&184=9*118= :8=&'4:9=9-*=8(&1*=&3)=*=9*39=4+=,*3*9.(=).S=*7*39.&9.43=&243,=545:1&9.438b=9-*=8(&1*=(&3= '*=;*7>=82&11`=&3)=9-.8='*&78=43=85*(.&9.43=<-*3=8*1*(9.43=47=+4:3)*7=*S=*(98=&7*=.3;41;*)_
T+,_O, EVOLUTIONARY=IMPACTS=OF=NON8NATIVE=SPECIESa=ANTAGONISTIC= CHANGES=IN=COLOUR=POLYMORPHISMS=OF=LAND=SNAILS=BETWEEN=LOCAL= POPULATIONS=AND=METAPOPULATIONS S&948-.=C-.'& C*39*7=4+=N479-*&89=A8.&3=S9:).*8=2=G7&):&9*=S(-441=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=T4-40:=U3.;*78.9>`=A4'&>&2&`= S*3)&.`=32*82/12`=J&5&3=8(-.'& (3*&8_94-40:_&(_/5= I3974):(*)=34383&9.;*=85*(.*8=-&;*=548*)=2&/47=9-7*&98=94=9-*=3&9.;*=85*(.*8=.3=4(*&3.(= .81&3)8_=A=3:2'*7=4+=89:).*8=-&;*=8-4<3=9-&9=34383&9.;*=85*(.*8=-&;*=(&:8*)=8*7.4:8= ABSTRACTS ,//
*=9.3(9.438= 4+= *3)*2.(= .81&3)= 85*(.*8_= H4<*;*7`= 1*88= &=*39.43= -&8= '**3= 5&.)= 94= 9-*= *;41:9.43&7>= .25&(98= 4+= 34383&9.;*= 85*(.*8= 43= 3&9.;*= 85*(.*8_= I3= 9-*= 57*8*39= 89:)>`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`=&3)= )7.*7=-&'.9&98=&7*=247*=&);&39&,*4:8=+47=9-*='7.,-9=2475-=9-&3=+47=9-*=)&70=2475-_= I3=(4397&89`=&9=9-*=2*9&545:1&9.43=1*;*1`=9-*=+7*6:*3(>=4+=9-*='7.,-9=2475-=)*(7*&8*)_= T-.8=(-&3,*=&9=9-*=2*9&545:1&9.43=1*;*1=<&8=(&:8*)='>=9-*=8*1*(9.;*=*=9.3(9.43=4+=14(&1= 545:1&9.438_= G7&?.3,= '>= 9-*= ,4&98= &S=*(9*)= ':8-= -&'.9&98= 247*= 8*7.4:81>= 9-&3= +47*89= -&'.9&98`=7*8:19.3,=.3=9-*=8*1*(9.;*=*=9.3(9.43=4+=9-*=':8-8.3-&'.9.3,=83&.1=545:1&9.438= 9-&9=<*7*=)42.3&9*)='>=9-*='7.,-9=2475-_=H4<*;*7`=9-*=+7*6:*3(>=4+=9-*='7.,-9=2475-= &9=9-*=2*9&545:1&9.43=1*;*1=.3(7*&8*)=&V=*7=&3=.3;&8.43=4+=2&1&(45-&,4:8=R=&9<4728= .394=9-*=89:)>=&7*&=9-7**=>*&78=&,4_=T-*8*=57*)&9478=57*+*7=+47*89=-&'.9&98`=7*8:19.3,=.3= 9-*=8*1*(9.;*=*=9.3(9.43=4+=9-*=+47*898.3-&'.9.3,=83&.1=545:1&9.438=9-&9=<*7*=)42.3&9*)= '>=9-*=)&70=2475-_=T-*8*=7*8:198=8:,,*89=9-&9=9-*=.3974):(9.43=4+=34383&9.;*=85*(.*8= (&3=&S=*(9=9-*=,*3*9.(=&3)=5-*349>5.(=97&.98=4+=3&9.;*=85*(.*8_=I3=&)).9.43`=9-*=85&9.&1= -*9*74,*3*.9>=4+=9-*=1&3)8(&5*=&3)=2*9&545:1&9.43=)>3&2.(8=(&3=(43897&.3=&)&59.;*= *;41:9.43=94=(-&3,.3,=*3;.7432*398_
T+,_O- PARALLEL=POLYMORPHISM=IN=SOME=SPECIES=OF=THE=FAMILY= T+, BRADYBAENIDAE=IN=MOUNTAIN=CONDITIONS A8*1=B:8:.4( K>7,>?=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=R&??&04;=897`=/+`=B.8-0*0`=K>7,>?89&3=&8*112 7&2'1*7_7: S42*= 85*(.*8= 4+= 9-*= B7&)>'&*3.)&*= +&2.1>= 8:(-= &8a= P438&)*3.&= ):514(.3(9&`= B7&)>'&*3&= 5-&*4?43&`=&3)=B7&)>'&*3&=51*(949745.8`=<-.(-=&7*=<.)*857*&)=.3=9-*=T.&38S-&3=M4:39&.38`= &7*=2&70*)='>='7.,-9=5&7&11*1=541>2475-.82=.3='&3).3,=5&=*73`='&3).3,=.39*38.9>`=&3)= 8-*11=(4147_=T-*=9>5.(&1=2475-=<&8=-.,-1.,-9*)=+47=&11=89:).*)=85*(.*8`=<-.(-=.8=1*8+**= .3=9-*=7*8*&7(-*)=&7*&_=F47=P_):514(.3(9&=&143,=<.9-=541>2475-.(=545:1&9.438=.3=842*= 5&798= 4+= 9-*= 89:).*)= &7*&= <*7*= +4:3)= 24342475-.(= 545:1&9.438_= A= (477*1&9.43= <&8= +4:3)='*9<**3=9-*='&3).3,=5&=*73`=.39*38.9>=4+='&3)8=&3)=8-*11=(4147=<.9-=-&'.9&98_= T-*=).;*78.9>=&3)=2475-=+7*6:*3(>=4+=&11=89:).*)=85*(.*8=2&.39&.3=(*79&.3=89&'.1.9>=+47= 9-*=7*8*&7(-*)=>*&78_=T-*=-*9*74,*3*.9>=4+=9-*=24:39&.3=&7*&`=9-*=).;*78.9>=4+=2.(748 (1.2&9.(=(43).9.438=(7*&9*=&3=*=(*59.43&1=).;*78.9>=4+=-&'.9&98=&3)=854=>=).897.':9.43=4+= '.4945*8`='*(&:8*=4+=9-&9`=9-*7*=.8=&=:3.6:*3*88=4+=*&(-=545:1&9.43`=':9=&9=9-*=8&2*=9.2*= 9-*=8.2.1&7.9>=4+=5-*3*+&(*=4+=*&(-=89:).*)=(&3>43=<&8=2&70*)_=I9=8-4:1)='*=349*)=9-*= 47.,.3&1.9>=4+=*&(-=(&3>438=545:1&9.438`=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=&=(*79&.3=2475-=+7*6:*3(>_= T-.8=.3).(&9*8`=9-&9=9-*=&)&59.;*=;&1:*=4+=89:).*)=8-*11=97&.98=4+=9-*=1&3)=83&.18`=2&>='*= .3=7*1&9.438-.5=<.9-=9-*=24:39&.3=-&'.9&9=(43).9.438_ ,/0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+,_O. COLOR=IN=CEPHALOPODSa=THE=PASSING=CLOUD=DISPLAY R41&3)=C_=A3)*7843+`=J&2*8=B_=W44), +S*&=1*=A6:&7.:2,*4):(0.0 ,2&.1_(42= ,H&<&..=I389.9:9*=4+=M&7.3*=B.414,> C*5-&1454)8=&7*=349*)=+47=9-*.7=&'.1.9>=94=(-&3,*=9-*.7=*=9*73&1=(41478_=T-*=&3(.*39='7&3(-= 4+=3&:9.14.)8=)4*8=349=(-&3,*=*.9-*7=.98='4)>=(41478=47=.98=8-*11=(4147`=&19-4:,-=9-*=8-*11= (4147&9.43=.8=).89.3(9.;*1>=.3).;.):&1.89.(_=M*2'*78=4+=9-*=49-*7=47)*7=4+=C*5-&1454)8= C41*4.)*&=&11=(&3=(-&3,*=9-*.7='4)>=(4147='>=:8*=4+=(-742&945-47*8`=80.3=(*118=9-&9= (439&.3=;&7.4:8=(41478=9-&9=&7*=*=548*)=<-*3=9-*=(*11=.8=*=5&3)*)='>=2:8(1*=&(9.43_=I3= &)).9.43`= (*5-&1454)= 80.38= (439&.3= 1*:(45-47*8`= <-.(-= 8-4<= <-.9*= <-*3= *=5&3)*)= &3)=.7.)45-47*8`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`= 9-*7*= .8= 34= 24;*2*39='>=9-*=&3.2&1=49-*7=9-&3=9-*=45*3.3,=&3)=(148.3,=4+=.98=(4147=(*118_=T-:8=9-*= <&;*=.8=*S=*(9*)=2:(-=1.0*=5.=*18=43=&=(425:9*7=8(7**3_=T-*=P&88.3,=C14:)=.8=.39*7*89.3,= '*(&:8*=<*=034<=84=1.=1*=&'4:9=9-*=(439*=9=.3=<-.(-=.9=.8=:8*)=&3)=9-*=3*:7414,>=.3= <-.(-=.9=.8=&(-.*;*)_=H*3(*=.9=.8=.39*7*89.3,=+742='*-&;.47&1`=5->8.414,.(&1`=3*:7414,.(&1= &3)=*(414,.(&1=54.398=4+=;.*<=4+=<-.(-=<*=034<=1.=1*_
T+, T+,_O/ SNEAKY=SEX=IN=SYDNEY=HARBOUR M&79.3=P=G&7<44) 2=I3&1&=51`=C&71.3,+47)`=,++2`=S>)3*>`=NSW`=A:897&1.&=2&79.3_,&7<44) 89:)*398_26_*):_&: I3=9-*= <471)=4+=(:=1*Q=8-`=.98=349=&1<&>8='7&<3=4;*7='7&.38=9-&9=)*(.)*8=<-4=,*98=9-*=,.71_= C:=1*Q=8-=&7*=034<3=94=:8*=9-*.7=(414:7=(-&3,*=&'.1.9>=.3=8*=:&11>=)*(*59.;*=897&9*,.*8= 8:(-= &8= +*2&1*= 2.2.(7>_= T-*.7= :3.6:*= (414:7= (-&3,*= &'.1.9>= (42'.3*)= <.9-= &= -.,-= 1*;*1=4+=.39*11.,*3(*=&114<8=+47=)*(*59.43=94='*=&=8:((*88+:1=&19*73&9*=2&9.3,=897&9*,>_= I=<.11=57*8*39=&=7*(*391>=.)*39.Q=*)=+472=4+=8*=:&1=)*(*59.43=*2514>*)='>=2&1*8=4+=9-*= 85*(.*8= S*5.&= 51&3,43`= 9-*= 24:73.3,= (:=1*Q=8-`= &3= *3)*2.(=A:897&1.&3= 85*(.*8= +4:3)= (422431>=<.9-.3=S>)3*>=-&7'4:7_=T-.8='*-&;.4:7=.3;41;*8=9-*=)*(*59.;*=2&1*=851.=.3,= 9-*=(414:7&9.43=4+=-.8='4)>=.3=9<4=-&1;*8=94=&114<=-.2=94=8.2:19&3*4:81>=(4:79=&=+*2&1*= &3)=)*(*.;*=&=7.;&1=2&1*_=T-*=)*(*59.;*=2&1*=).;.)*8=-.8=(414:7&9.43=&143,=,*3)*7=1.3*8`= 8-4<.3,=9>5.(&1=2&1*=(414:7&9.43=43=43*=8.)*=+&(.3,=9-*=+*2&1*`=<-.189=8-4<.3,=9>5.(&1= +*2&1*=(414:7&9.43=43=9-*=49-*7=8.)*=4+=-.8='4)>=+&(.3,=&=7.;&1=2&1*_=W.9-.3=&=85*(.Q=(= 84(.&1=(439*=9=9-.8=)*(*59.43=4((:77*)=-3=4+=9-*=9.2*_=T-.8=9>5*=4+=8*=:&1=)*(*59.43= (4:1)=574;.)*=.38.,-98=.394=-4<=.39*11.,*3(*=.8=8-&5*)='>=9-*=)*2&3)8=4+=&=(4251*== 84(.&1=1.+*_== ABSTRACTS ,/1
T+,_O0 MECHANISMS`=ULTRASTRUCTURE=AND=PARTICLE=MODELING=OF= FLASHING=IN=CTENOIDES=ALESa=DISCO=CLAMS L.3)8*>=D4:,-*79>+`=S30*=J4-38*3, +D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=B.414,>`=+**/=V&11*>=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,=K=-+.*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&= B*70*1*>`=B*70*1*>`=CA=3.1,*=1.3)8*>)4:,-*79> '*70*1*>_*): ,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=-*+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,`=D:0*=U3.;*78.9>`=D:7-&2`=NC=,11*2= 8/4-38*3 ):0*_*): M411:8(8= 8-4<(&8*= &= 2>7.&)= 4+= :3)*7<&9*7= (4147= 5&=*738= &3)= 1.,-9= ).851&>8_= T-*8*= ).851&>8= &7*= 2489= *S=*(9.;*= .3= 8-&114<= <&9*7`= &8= 1.,-9= &=*3:&9*8= 7&5.)1>= <.9-= )*59-`= 1*&;.3,= 1.2.9*)= <&;*1*3,9-8= &;&.1&'1*= +47= 7*R=*(9.43_= T-*= '.;&1;*= (1&2= C9*34.)*8= &1*8= 7*8.)*8=&9=)*59-8=:5=94=,*2=&3)=4V=*3=.3=82&11=(7*;.(*8`=<-*7*=&2'.*39=1.,-9=.8=).2=&3)= <&;*1*3,9-87*897.(9*)_=D*85.9*=9-.8`=9-*=85*(.*8=-&8=*;41;*)=&=7*R=*(9.;*=2&391*=*),*=9-&9= *2.98=&=7*2&70&'1>='7.,-9=1.,-9=).851&>`=1*&).3,=94=9-*=(42243=3&2*`=).8(4=(1&28_= T-*=).851&>=-&8=(&59:7*)=SCUBA=).;*78=.2&,.3&9.43=+47=)*(&)*8`=&3)=.8=84=;.;.)=.9=<&8= 47.,.3&11>=(43+:8*)=+47='.41:2.3*8(*3(*_=T-*=).851&>=.8=574):(*)=9-74:,-=7*R=*(9.43`= &3)=&=3*<=5&79.(1*=24)*1.3,=9*(-3.6:*=)*243897&9*8=-4<=.3(7*).'1>=*T==(.*39=9-*=(1&28= &7*=&9=7*R=*(9.3,=;.8.'1*=1.,-9_=C_=&1*8=.8=9-*=431>=034<3='.;&1;*=85*(.*8=<.9-=&='*-&;.47&11>= (4397411*)= 5-49.(= ).851&>`= >*9= ;.79:&11>= 349-.3,= <&8= 034<3= &'4:9= .98= 2*(-&3.82= 47= +:3(9.43_= R*8*&7(-= :9.1.?.3,= 97&382.88.43= *1*(9743= 2.(748(45>= TEM= .3).(&9*)= 9-*= 57*8*3(*= 4+= *1*(97438)*38*= 7*R=*(9.;*= ;*8.(1*8= &;*7&,.3,= *_-. 2= .3= ).&2*9*7= 43= 9-*= ;*397&1=-&1+=4+=9-*=2&391*=1.5=4+=C_=&1*8_=T-*=TEM=4+=9-*=(43,*3*7=C_=8(&'*7`=<-.(-=)4*8= 349=574):(*=&=1.,-9=).851&>`=1&(0*)=&3>=8.2.1&7=(*118_=S5*(9742*97>=&3)=->5*785*(97&1= .2&,.3,=.3).(&9*)=9-*=7*R=*(9*)=1.,-9=.8=8-.V=*)=94<&7)='1:*=<&;*1*3,9-8=<.9-=&=5*&0= T+, &74:3)= .1/8//*32_= H.,-885**)= ;.)*4= 7*;*&1*)= 9-&9= 9-*= 2&391*= *),*= 7&5.)1>= +:718= 94= *=548*=9-*=7*R=*(9.;*=9.88:*`=&3)=9-*3=:3+:718=94=-.)*=9-*=7*R=*(9.;*=9.88:*`=574):(.3,=9-*= R=&8-.3,=5-*342*343_=P&79.(1*=24)*1.3,='&8*)=43=7&)..=&3)=;41:2*=)*38.9>=&9=.2*32= 8-4<*)= 9-&9= 9-*= 7*R=*(9.;*= ;*8.(1*8= &7*= 459.2&11>= 8.?*)= &3)= 85&(*)= 94= 7*R=*(9= ;.8.'1*= 1.,-9_= T-*= (42'.3&9.43= 4+= 2&391*= 1.5= 24;*2*39= &3)= 57*(.8*= .397&(*11:1&7= 897:(9:7&1= &77&3,*2*39=4+=7*R=*(9.;*=85-*7*8=574):(*=9-*=5-49.(=).851&>`=&3)=&7*='49-=:3.6:*=94= 9-*=85*(.*8_=
T+,_P+ HOST=PREFERENCE=AND=COLORATION= OF=SYMBIOTIC=GASTROPODS=EULIMIDAE P_Y:_=D,*':&)?* A_N_=S*;*7984;=I389.9:9*=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43`=RAS=++3*1+`=R:88.&`=M48(4<`=L*3.380.>=57485*09`=--= 5_),*':&)?* ,2&.1_(42 T-*= +&2.1>= E:1.2.)&*= .8= &= ).;*78*= ,74:5= 4+= -.,-1>= 85*(.&1.8*)= 2&7.3*= ,&897454)8= (4257.8.3,= &'4:9= +/**= 7*(*39= 85*(.*8= <-.(-= *=(1:8.;*1>= .3-&'.9= *(-.34)*728_= T-*= 9&=4342>=&3)=1.+*=-.8947>=4+=*:1.2.)8=&7*=54471>=89:).*)_=T-*7*=&7*=34=(4251*9*=1.898= 4+=85*(.*8`=&3)=34=)&9&=43=9-*.7=57*+*7*3(*=+47=).S=*7*39=-489=85*(.*8=+47=2&3>=7*,.438_ A8= 7*8:19= 4+= 57*;.4:8= .3;*89.,&9.438= .3= N-&= T7&3,= B&>= S4:9-8C-.3&= S*&= +1= 85*(.*8= 4+=*:1.2.)8=<*7*=+4:3)`=9-&9=)4:'1*8=3:2'*7=4+=85*(.*8=7*(47)*)=.3=9-*=1.9*7&9:7*=+47= V.*93&2*8*=<&9*78_=F472*71>=1=*:1.2.)=85*(.*8=<*7*=7*(47)*)=+47=9-*=574;.3(*=4+=K-&3-= H4&`=<-*7*=N-&=T7&3,=B&>=.8=14(&9*)_ ,/2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T-*=&.2=4+=9-*=89:)>=<&8=.3;*89.,&9.43=4+=842*=&85*(98=4+=-48988>2'.4398=7*1&9.438-.58_ D.S=*7*39= *(-.34)*728= 85*(.*8= <*7*= 2&3:&11>= (411*(9*)= .3= N-&= T7&3,= B&>= &9= )*59-8= +742=*=94=+/=2`=:8.3,=SCUBA=*6:.52*39_=E&(-=-489=.3).;.):&1=-&8='**3=51&(*)=.3=?.58 14(0='&,=94=&;4.)=1488=4+=8>2'.4398_=O3=9-*='4&9`=85*(.2*38=<*7*=*=&2.3*)=;.8:&11>=94= 7*24;*=&11=&884(.&9*)=8>2'.4398=&3)=<&8-*)=.3=&=0=2&,3*8.:2=841:9.43_=H4898=&3)= 8>2'.439=85*(.2*38=<*7*=Q==*)=.3=*9->1=&1(4-41=+47=+:79-*7=.)*39.Q=(&9.43`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`=9<4=85*(.*8=+742=(7.34.)8`=A33:14'&1(.8=2&(:1&9:8=&3)=A33:14'&1(.8=;.3&7.:8=(&3= '*=*&8.1>=).89.3,:.8-*)='>=9-*=(4147=5&=*73_=H4<*;*7=.9=.8=89.11=:3034<3=<-*9-*7=9-*= 7*57*8*39&9.;*8=4+=9-.8=+&2.1>=-&;*=&3>=*;41:9.43&7>=9*3)*3(>=9-74:,-=2.2.(7>=47=349_
T+,_P, TRANSCRIPTOMIC=PROCESSES=LEADING=TO=ALBINISM=AND=SHELL=COLOR= VARIATION=IN=THE=PEARL=OYSTER=PINCTADA=MARGARITIFERA S&7&-=L*2*7+`=D*3.8=S&:13.*7,`=Y&33.(0=G:*,:*3,`=C*)7.0=L4-`=S*7,*=P1&3*8. +D*5&792*39=4+=O7,&3.82.(=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>=]=M:8*:2=4+=C425&7&9.;*=Z4414,>`= MCZ=L&'47&947.*8`=H&7;&7)=U3.;*78.9>`=,0=O=+47)=S97**9`=C&2'7.),*`=MA=*,+-2`=USA======8&7&-1*2*7 4*'_-&7;&7)_*):= ,I+7*2*7=8=UMR=,.+=EIO`=C*397*=O(S&3414,.6:*=):=P&(.Q=6:*=8=BP=1**.`=321+3=T&7&;&4`=F7*3(-=P41>3*8.& T+, -D.7*(9.43=)*8=7*884:7(*8=2&7.3*8`=F&7*=U9*`=P&5**9*`=P41>3S8.*=+7&3O&.8* .USR=-,12=CNRS8EPHE8CRIOBE`=BP=+*+-`=321,3=M447*&`=F7*3(-=P41>3*8.& T-*= 5*&71= 4>89*7= P.3(9&)&= 2&7,&7.9.+*7&= .8= -.,-1>= *=514.9*)= .3= F7*3(-= P41>3*8.&= +47= .98= 3&9:7&1=(&5&(.9>=94=574):(*=5*&718_=P*&718=;&1:*=;&7.*8=)*5*3).3,=43=9-*.7=(4147_=I9=.8= 034<3= 9-&9= 9-*= '.42.3*7&1.?&9.43= 574(*88*8= .3;41;*)= .3= 3&(7*4:8= 8-*11= 8>39-*8.8= &7*= .)*39.(&1= 94= 9-*= 43*8= .3;41;*)= .3= 5*&71= 8>39-*8.8b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`=9-74:,-=6PCR=&3&1>8*8`=94='*=&(9.;*1>=.3;41;*)=.3=9-*=&(9.;&9.43= &3)=.3-.'.9.43=4+=(4147=8>39-*8.8=.3=9-*=3&(7*4:8=8-*11_=I25479&39=.397&85-*349>5*=,*3*= *=57*88.43=;&7.&9.43=<&8=)*9*(9*)=.3=9-*=3472&11>=(4147*)=85*(.2*38`=-.,-1.,-9.3,=9-*= (4251*=.9>=4+=(4147&9.43=8>39-*8.8=.3=9-*=3&(7*4:8=1&>*7_=G*3*8=034<3=94='*=.3;41;*)= .3=8-*11='.42.3*7&1.?&9.43=4+=9-*=&7&,43.9*=&3)=(&1(.9*=1&>*78=&3)=,*3*8=7*85438.'1*=+47= 2*1&3.3='.48>39-*8.8=8-4<*)=8.,3.Q=(&39=,*3*=*=57*88.43=;&7.&9.43=&243,=9-*=).S=*7*39= 8-*11=(4147=5-*349>5*8_ ABSTRACTS ,/3
T+,_P- LAND=SNAIL=IN=PAINTING=ART A14.8=H43*0`=Z)*30&=M&79.304;& C745=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=D734;80&=/*1`=CZ=+0+*0=P7&,:*=0=8=R:?>3*`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=-43*0 ;:7;_(?`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a=P-*_*1*=:=P-*_./*_=M489=5&3*18=<*7*=5&.39*)='*9<**3=+02*8+1,*=+4114<.3,= 5*7.4)=4+=(41)=(1.2&9*=<-.(-=2.,-9=+&;4:7=5.30=&3)=+,-./=(43R=:*39=2475-8_=T-*=741*=4+= 5&.39*78=&*89-*9.(=57*+*7*3(*=+47=7&7*=2475-8=&3)=(42548.9.43=4+=3&9:7&1=545:1&9.438= .3=8-&5.3,=2475-=5745479.438=4+=5.(9:7*)=545:1&9.438=(4:1)=431>='*=85*(:1&9*)_=C*5&*&= -479*38.8=O_F_=M311*7=<&8=54797&>*)=.3=,=5&3*18`=&1<&>8=&8=>*114<=:3'&3)*)=2475-_= A9=1*&89=+4:7=49-*7=1&3)883&.1=85*(.*8=A7.&39&=&7':8947:2=L_`=F7:9.(.(41&=+7:9.(:2=O_F_= M311*7`=H*1.==85_`=T7.(-.&=85_=<*7*=54797&>*)=&9=0=5.(9:7*8=Q=3.8-*)='*9<**3=+.1*8+1,*_= D*(47&9.;*= &79= 2&>= 574;.)*= 842*= .3+472&9.43= 43= (42548.9.43= 4+= *&71.*7= 1&3)= 83&.1= +&:3&8=<-.(-=.8`=-4<*;*7`=).T==(:19=94=.39*757*9_ S:55479*)='>=9-*=M.3.897>=4+=A,7.(:19:7*=4+=9-*=C?*(-=R*5:'1.(`=P74/*(9=N4_=***,1**0*._ T+, ,0* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+- THE=ROLE=OF=CEPHALOPODS=IN=THE=WORLDS=OCEANSa= A=SYMPOSIUM=IN=HONOR=OF=MALCOLM=CLARKE 8543847*)='>=C*5-&1454)=I39*73&9.43&1=A);.847>=C4:3(.1=:=CIAC E1.?&'*9-=S-*&+`=J48S=X&;.*7,`=M&7*0=L.5.380.- +D*1&<&7*=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=.2.*=K*33*==P.0*`=P_O_=B4==-3-1`=W.12.3,943`=DE=+32*1`=USA= ES-*& )*123-_47, ,IMAR=8=I389.9:9*=4+=M&7.3*=R*8*&7(-`=D*59_=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C4.2'7&`=-**+8.*+=C4.2'7&`= P479:,&1=/=&;.*7 ?44_:(_59 -M&7.3*=&3)=C4&89&1=M&3&,*2*39`=P7.;&9*=B&,=X,`=R4,,*'&&.=2*+,`=S4:9-=A+7.(&=1.5.380. 2<*'_(4_?& C*5-&1454)8= &7*= (7:(.&1= 5&798= 4+= &11= 2&7.3*= *(48>89*28`= >*9= <*= 034<= ;*7>= 1.=1*= &'4:9= 9-*2_= N*7.9.(= &3)= (422*7(.&11>= .25479&39= 85*(.*8= &7*= '*89= :3)*78944)`= ':9= &5574=.2&9*1>= ./= 4+= &11= (*5-&1454)= 85*(.*8= &7*= 3438(422*7(.&11>= .25479&39= 2*845*1&,.(=47='&9->5*1&,.(=85*(.*8_=T-*=45*384(*&3=5*1&,.(=*3;.7432*39=.8=9-*=1&7,*89= &3)=1*&89=:3)*78944)=2&7.3*='.42*_= C*5-&1454)8= &7*= 34947.4:81>= ).T==(:19= 94= (411*(9_= T7&<18= .3*;.9&'1>= )&2&,*= )*1.(&9*= 85*(.2*38`= &3)= (&9(-= 7&9*8= &7*= 14<= ):*= 94= 3*9= &;4.)&3(*= &3)= 5&9(->= ).897.':9.438_= A19-4:,-= 4V=*3= (425&7*)= 94= Q=8-*8`= (*5-&1454)8= -&;*= 2&3>= +*&9:7*8`= .3(1:).3,= &= :3.6:*= 2475-414,>= &3)= -.,-= 2*9&'41.(= 7&9*8`= <-.(-= ).89.3,:.8-= 9-*2= +742= Q=8-*8_= M&3>='&8.(=6:*89.438=7*,&7).3,=545:1&9.43=8.?*8`=).897.':9.438`=&3)=7*574):(9.43=&7*= ;.79:&11>= :3034<3= +47= 9-*= )**588*&= (*5-&1454)8`= ':9= &= 2&/47= 84:7(*= 4+= .3+472&9.43= (42*8=+742=9-*.7=3&9:7&1=57*)&9478_=C*5-&1454)8=51&>=&3=.25479&39=741*=.3=9-*=).*9=4+= <-&1*8`=8*&18=8*&'.7)8`=&3)=Q=8-*8`=':9=9-*=741*=4+=(*5-&1454)8=&8=57*)&9478=-&8='**3= 247*=).T==(:19=94=&88*88_= N*<=9*(-3.6:*8=8:(-=&8=89&'1*=.84945*=&3&1>8.8`=241*(:1&7='&7(4).3,`=&3)=3438.3;&8.;*= T+- .2&,.3,`= -&;*= 9-*= 549*39.&1= 94= &))= 8.,3.Q=(&39= )*9&.1= 94= 4:7= :3)*789&3).3,= 4+= -4<= (*5-&1454)8= +:3(9.43= .3= 9-*.7= *3;.7432*39_= T-*= .3(7*&8.3,= &;&.1&'.1.9>= 4+= 2&33*)= &3)= :32&33*)= 8:'2*78.'1*8= <.9-= ;.)*4= (&2*7&8= 574;.)*= :3.6:*= .38.,-98= .394= -4<= (*5-&1454)8=4((:5>=9-*.7=*3;.7432*39_ M&1(412=C1&70*8=8*2.3&1=<470=43=(*5-&1454)='*&08=&3)=89&941.9-8`=&3)=43=9-*='.414,>= &3)= *(414,>= 4+= <-&1*8`= 45*3*)= 3*<= &;*3:*8= +47= 7*8*&7(-= 43= 9745-.(= .39*7&(9.438= .3= 2&7.3*=*(48>89*28`=&3)=-.,-1.,-9*)=(*5-&1454)8=(*397&1=741*=.3=&11=2&7.3*=*(48>89*28_= H*=5:'1.8-*)=*=9*38.;*1>=43=4(*&3.(=&3)=)**588*&=86:.)8`=9-*.7=;*79.(&1=).897.':9.438`= 9-*.7= 741*= &8= 57*>= +47= 2&7.3*= 2&22&18`= &3)= -4<= 94= .2574;*= 97&<1= (&59:7*= 7&9*8_= I3= &)).9.43=94=-.8=7*8*&7(-`=M&1(412=C1&70*=-*15*)=&88:7*=9-*=(439.3:&9.43=4+=(*5-&1454)= 7*8*&7(-= '>= 2*3947.3,= &3)= (7*&9.3,= &= 1*,&(>= 4+= (*5-&1454)= 7*8*&7(-*78`= &3)= '>= (48 +4:3).3,=9-*=C*5-&1454)=I39*73&9.43&1=A);.847>=C4:3(.1=CIAC=9-*=431>=.39*73&9.43&1= &884(.&9.43=4+=(*5-&1454)=7*8*&7(-*78_ T-.8= (74888).8(.51.3&7>`= CIAC8*3)478*)= 8>2548.:2= <.11= 574;.)*= &= +47:2= +47= 47&1= &3)=5489*7=57*8*39&9.438=+4(:8*)=43=9-*=2&3>=741*8=(*5-&1454)8=51&>=.3=9-*=2&7.3*= *3;.7432*39_= T-*= 8*88.43= <.11= (4;*7= &= <.)*= 7&3,*= 4+= 945.(8`= .3(1:).3,= '.414,>`= ).897.':9.43`= &':3)&3(*`= ).;*78.9>`= *;41:9.43`= Q=8-*7.*8= &3)= +44)8<*'= )>3&2.(8`= -434:7.3,=M&1(412=C1&70*H8=(&7**7_ ABSTRACTS ,0+
T+-_O+ MALCOLM=CLARKES=LIFE=IN=SCIENCE P&:1=G_=K_=R4)-4:8* B7.9.8-=A39&7(9.(=S:7;*>`=H.,-=C7488`=M&).3,1*>=R4&)`CB-=*ET=C&2'7.),*`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`=9*&(-*7=&3)=&=,7*&9=(411*&,:*=94= 2&3>=2&7.3*=8(.*39.898=<471)<.)*_=W*=<.11=7*2*2'*7=-.2=<.9-=,7*&9=+43)3*88_
T+-_O, MALCOLM=CLARKE=AND=CEPHALOPOD=BEAKSa= THE=PAST`=PRESENT=AND=FUTURE=IN=ASSESSING=CEPHALOPODS= IN=THE=DIET=OF=TOP=PREDATORS=WORLDWIDE J48S=C_=X&;.*7+`,`=Y;*8=C-*7*1- +I389.9:9*=4+=M&7.3*=R*8*&7(-`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C4.2'7&`=-**+8.*+=C4.2'7&`=P479:,&1=/=&;.*7 ?44_:(_59 ,B7.9.8-=A39&7(9.(=S:7;*>`=H.,-=C7488`=M&).3,1*>=R4&)`=CB-=*ET=C&2'7.),*`=UK -C*397*=)HE9:)*8=B.414,.6:*8=)*=C-.?S`=UPR=+3-.=):=C*397*=N&9.43&1=)*=L&=R*(-*7(-*=S(.*39.Q=6:*`=BP=+.`= 13-0*=V.11.*78=*3=B4.8`=F7&3(* D.*9&7>=89:).*8=43=57*)&9478=&7*=*88*39.&1=94=:3)*789&3)=9-*=741*=4+=(*5-&1454)8=.3=9-*= 2&7.3*=*(48>89*28_=C*5-&1454)8=.3=9-*=).*9=4+=945=57*)&9478=&7*=89.11=2&.31>=.)*39.Q=*)='>= T+- :8.3,=9-*.7=(-.9.3.?*)=:55*7=&3)=14<*7='*&08`=9*(-3.6:*=-.,-1>=)*;*145*)='>=M&1(412= C1&70*_=I3=9-.8=57*8*39&9.43`=<*=)*8(7.'*=9-*=(*5-&1454)=).*9=4+=0*>=,*=2&/47=(*5-&1454)= 57*)&9478=<471)<.)*=.3(1:).3,=<&3)*7.3,=&1'&97488*8`=85*72=<-&1*8`=1&39*73=8-&708= &3)=P&9&,43.&3=9449-Q=8-`=(425&7*=9-*=;&7.4:8=2*9-4)8=94=&88*88=(*5-&1454)8=.3=9-*= ).*98=4+=57*)&9478=._*_=.)*39.+>.3,=&3)=2*&8:7.3,=(*5-&1454)='*&08=;*78:8=:8.3,=89&'1*= .84945*8`=+&=>=&(.)8=&3)=DNA=9*(-3.6:*8`=*;&1:&9*=(7.9.(&11>=<-*9-*7=9-*=3:2'*7=4+= :55*7=&3)=14<*7='*&08=).S=*78=.3=).*9=8&251*8=(411*(9*)=&3)=).8(:88=9-*=549*39.&1='.&8*8= .3=9-*=*89.2&9.43=4+=(*5-&1454)8=.3=57*)&947=).*98=<471)<.)*_=O:7=7*8:198=8-4<=9-&9= 9-*=57*)&9478=9-&9=-*&;.1>=+**)=43=(*5-&1454)8=1=0*='>=2&88`=(1*&71>=+**)=24891>= 43=85*(.*8=+742=9-*=+&2.1.*8=H.89.49*:9-.)&*`=C7&3(-..)&*`=O22&897*5-.)&*`=G43&9.)&*= &3)= O3>(-49*:9-.)&*`= 9-&9= 9-*= 7&9.4= 4+= :55*7= 94= 14<*7= '*&08= .3= ).*9= 8&251*8= +742= 57*)&9478=;&7.*)=,7*&91>=.3=&=8.3,1*=>*&7`='*9<**3=>*&78`=&3)='.&8*8=<*7*=,7*&9*7=+47= (*79&.3=(*5-&1454)=85*(.*8`=7*8:19.3,=.3=&3=:3)*7*89.2&9.43=4+=9-*.7=7*1&9.;*=.25479&3(*_= T-*7*+47*=<*=7*(422*3)=(*5-&1454)=7*8*&7(-*78=9-&9=<4708=43=57*)&9478=).*98=94a=+= C4:39='49-=:55*7=&3)=14<*7='*&08=&3)=(.9*=9-*2=.3=9-*.7=5&5*78`=,=M*&8:7*=9-*=14<*7= 74897&1=1*3,9-=LRL=4+=14<*7='*&08`=-=A88*88=.+=9-*=3:2'*7=4+=:55*7='*&08=*=(**)8= 9-*=3:2'*7=4+=14<*7='*&08=&1<&>8=2*&39='>=57*>=85*(.*8b=._*_=.)*39.+>='49-=:55*7=&3)= 14<*7='*&08`=&3)=.+=84`=9-*=*89.2&9.43=4+='.42&88=8-4:1)='*=2&)*='>=2*&8:7*2*398= :8.3,= 5:'1.8-*)= LRL2'4)>= 2&88= 7*1&9.438-.58= &3)= 9-*3= *=97&541&9*= 9-.8= <.9-= 9-*= 3:2'*7=4+=:55*7='*&08=&3)=.=P74249*=+:9:7*=7*8*&7(-=+4(:8.3,=43=89:).*8=9-&9=574;.)*= ,0, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
.3+472&9.43=43=U55*7=R4897&1=L*3,9-=URL28.?*=&3)247=URL2'4)>=2&88=7*1&9.438-.58= 4+=(*5-&1454)8_=A184`=<*=7*(422*3)=9-&9=9-*=)*8(7.59.43=4+=3*<=85*(.*8=8-4:1)=&184= .3(1:)*=&=,44)=)*8(7.59.43=4+=9-*='*&08`=<-.(-=<.11=.3=9:73=&114<=&='*=*7=)*8(7.59.43= 4+= 9-*= (*5-&1454)= (42543*39= 4+= 9-*= ).*9= 4+= 945= 57*)&9478_= T-*8*= 7*(422*3)&9.438= &7*=*88*39.&1=94=*3&'1*=.2574;*)=.3+472&9.43=+47=9-*=&88*882*39=&3)=2&3&,*2*39=4+= (*5-&1454)= Q=8-*7.*8= +742= &3= *(48>89*2= 5*785*(9.;*= 5&79.(:1&71>= 9-48*= (*5-&1454)= 85*(.*8=9-&9=3:2*74:8=57*)&9478=+**)=43=&3)=.2574;*=+:9:7*=2&7.3*=+44)=<*'=24)*18_=
T+-_O- THE=ROLE=OF=CEPHALOPODS=AROUND=SOUTH=SANDWICH=ISLANDS= FROM=TOOTHFISH=DIETS= J=S*(4+`=J=R4'*798,`=F=C*.&+`=M=G:*77*.74+`=P=A1;.94+`=JC=X&;.*7+`- +I389.9:9*=4+=M&7.3*=R*8*&7(-`=D*5&792*39=4+=L.+*=8(.*3(*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C4.2'7&`=C4.2'7&`=P479:,&1== /48*8_8*(4 ,2&.1_(42 ,N&9:7&1=I389.9:9*=4+=W&9*7=&3)=A92485-*7.(=R*8*&7(-`=-*+=E;&38=B&>=P&7&)*`=G7*9&=P4.39`======PO=B4==+.83*+`=K.7'.73.*`=W*11.3,943`=N*<=Z*&1&3) -B7.9.8-=A39&7(9.(=S:7;*>`=NERCb=H.,-=C7488`=M&).3,1*>=R4&)`=CB-=*ET`=C&2'7.),*`=UK C*5-&1454)8= -&;*= &3= .25479&39= 741*= .3= 9-*= A39&7(9.(= +44)= <*'8`= -4<*;*7= 9-*= 034<1*),*=&'4:9=9-*.7=*(414,>=.8=;*7>=5447=24891>='*(&:8*=9-*>=&7*=*=97*2*1>=).T==(:19= 94=(&9(-=:8.3,=3*98_=T-*=P&9&,43.&3=9449-Q=8-`=D.88489.(-:8=*1*,.34.)*8`=&3)=9-*=A39&7(9.(= 9449-Q=8-`=D.88489.(-:8=2&<843.`=&7*=9<4=<*118034<3=(*5-&1454)8=57*)&9478`=<-.(-=&7*= (422*7(.&11>=*=514.9*)_=T-*=&.28=4+=9-.8=89:)>=<*7*=94=(-&7&(9*7.?*=&3)=(425&7*=9-*= (*5-&1454)=(42543*39=4+=9-*=9<4=D.88489.(-:8=85*(.*8=&74:3)=S4:9-=S&3)<.(-=I81&3)8`= &=54471>=034<3=&7*&=4+=9-*=S4:9-*73=O(*&3_=F:79-*7247*=<*=&88*88*)=.+=9-*7*=<*7*= ).S=*7*3(*8=.3=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=(*5-&1454)8='*9<**3=3479-284:9-=4+=9-*=W*))*11=F7439= &8=<*11=&8=9745-.(=1*;*1=&3)=9-*=-&'.9&9=4+=0*>=(*5-&1454)=85*(.*8='>=89&'1*=.84945*8= T+- &3&1>8*8_= C*5-&1454)8= 4((:77*)= .3= ,.= 4+= D_= *1*,.34.)*8= 8942&(-8= &3)= .3= 11= 4+= D_= 2&<843.= 8942&(-8_=K43)&04;.&=143,.2&3&=<&8=9-*=2489=.25479&39=(*5-&1454)=85*(.*8='>=3:2'*7= 4+=14<*7='*&08=43=D_=2&<843.=+,,='*&08`=0/`,=4+=14<*7=+7*8-='*&08=&3)=43=D_=*1*,.34.)*8= <&8= 43(*= 247*= 9-*= 2489= .25479&39= /4.391>= <.9-= M4749*:9-.8= 03.54;.9(-.= /= '*&08= *&(-= 43*`= ./_= I3= 9*728= 4+= *89.2&9*)= 2&88`= K_= 143,.2&3&= <&8= '>= +&7= 9-*= 2489= .25479&39= 86:.)=30_.=4+=9-*=(*5-&1454)=(42543*39=43=D_=2&<843.=&3)=23_-=4+=9-*=(*5-&1454)= (42543*39= 43= D_= *1*,.34.)*8_T-*7*+47*`= 9-*= 9<4= 9449-Q=8-= 85*(.*8= 57*>*)= &12489= 9-*= 8&2*=85*(.*8_=D*85.9*=9-*=(1*&7=8*,7*,&9.43=4+=9-*=Q=8-=85*(.*8`=<.9-=D_=*1*,.34.)*8='*.3,= ).897.':9*)= +:79-*7= 3479-`= 4:7= 7*8:198= 8:,,*89= 9-&9= 9-*= *S=*(9= 4+= W*))*11=+7439= )4= 349= &S=*(9=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=(*5-&1454)=85*(.*8_=C425&7.3,=9-*=+-C=8.,3&9:7*=<.9-=49-*7= 89:).*8=(43Q=72=9-&9=9-*=8&2*=(*5-&1454)=85*(.*8=(&3=1.;*=43=<&9*78=+:79-*7=84:9-=&3)= .3=8:'8A39&7(9.(=<&9*78_=O3=9-*=49-*7=-&3)`=9-*==+/N=8.,3&9:7*=8-4<8=9-&9=9-*=8&2*= (*5-&1454)=85*(.*8=43=).S=*7*39=14(&9.438=-&;*=).S=*7*39=+**).3,='*-&;.4:7`=8:(-=&8=K_= 143,.2&3&_=O:7=89:)>=574;.)*8=;&1:&'1*=.3+472&9.43=+47=9-*=+**).3,=*(414,>=4+=9449-Q=8-= .3=9-*=A39&7(9.(=&74:3)=9-*=S4:9-=S&3)<.(-=I81&3)8=&8=<*11=&8=9-*=+44)=<*'=897:(9:7*`= &3)=9-*=741*=4+=(*5-&1454)8`=.3=9-&9=&7*&_ ABSTRACTS ,0-
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T+-_O/ TROPHIC=ROLE=OF=ILLEX=ARGENTINUS=IN=THE=ECOSYSTEM R.,4'*794=R48&8=L:.8+`=P.1&7=S@3(-*?+`=A:,:894=C_=C7*85.=A'7.1, +I389.9:9*=4+=M&7.3*=S(.*3(*8CSIC`=P_=M&7c9.2=)*=1&=B&7(*143*9&=-18./`=*2**-=B&7(*143&`=S5&.3= 7.,4'*794 .(2_(8.(_*8 ,C*3974=N&(.43&1=P&9&,3.(4=CONICET_=B4:1*;&7)=B74<3=,3+/`=P:*794=M&)7>3`=C-:':9`=A7,*39.3&= (7*85. (*35&9_*):_&7 I11*==&7,*39.3:8`=&8=8*;*7&1=49-*7=422&897*5-.)=86:.)8`=-&8='**3=(438.)*7*)=&=0*>8943*= 85*(.*8= .3= 9-*= 2&7.3*= *(48>89*2= 4+= 9-*= S4:9-<*89*73=A91&39.(= O(*&3_= S*;*7&1= 5&5*78= -&;*='**3=5:'1.8-*)=)*8(7.'.3,=9-*=57*>=85*(97:2=4+=I_=&7,*39.3:8=9-74:,-=9-*=*39.7*= ,*4,7&5-.(&1=).897.':9.43b=<*=7*;.*<*)=&3)=(425&7*)=9-*=57*>=85*(97:2=4+=I_=&7,*39.3:8= '*9<**3=).S=*7*39=7*,.438=:8.3,=2&9*7.&1=8942&(-=8&251*8=,*+,=&3)=)&9&=4+=.)*39.Q=*)= ,0. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
(439*39=&11=5:'1.8-*)=5&5*78`=)*9*72.3.3,=9-&9=I_=&7,*39.3:8=).*9=<&8=2&.31>=(42548*)= '>=2>(945-.)=Q=8-=-.=4+=9-*=).*9_=E.,-9=2>(945-.)=85*(.*8=<*7*=4'8*7;*)=&8=57*>= .9*28=&3)=9-*=57*8*3(*=.3=9-*=+**).3,=-&'.98=4+=I_=&7,*39.3:8=(-&3,*)=&((47).3,=94=9-*= 1&9.9:).3&1=).897.':9.43_=G>2348(45*1:8=&3)=P74942>(945-:2=,*3:8=<*7*=57*8*39=.3=9-*= ).*9= 4+= 9-*= 84:9-*73= ).897.':9.43= <-.1*= D.&5-:8= ,*3:8= .3= 9-*= 3479-*73_= T-*= 57*8*3(*= 4+=&25-.54)8`=(45*54)8=&3)=*:5-&:8..)8=.3(7*&8*)=.3=9-*=84:9-*73=-3=4+=9-*=).*9_= C*5-&1454)8=&8=57*>=.9*28=<*7*=57*8*9=.3=9-*=<-41*=&7*&=,1=':9=9-*>=<*7*=247*= .25479&39=.3=9-*=3479-*73_=I3=&=57*1.2.3&7>=E(45&9-=24)*1=)*;*145*)=<.9-=9-*8*=)&9&= <*=4'8*7;*)=9-&9=I_=&7,*39.3:8=51&>8=&3=.25479&39=741*=.3=9-*=*(48>89*2=&8=&=97&38+*7= 4+=*3*7,>=+742=9-*=14<*7=94=-.,-*7=1*;*18=<.9-=&=9745-.(=1*;*1=4+=-_3/='*.3,=43*=4+=9-*= 2489=.25479&39=57*)&9478=4+=)*2*78&1=Q=8-`=(7:89&(*&38=&3)=49-*7=(*5-&1454)8=2&.31>= 85*(.*8=4+=9-*=D47.9*:9-.8=,*3:8_
T+-_O0 LARGE8SCALE=NON8INVASIVE=SCANNING=PERMITS=A=NOVEL=APPROACH= TO=STUDYING=CEPHALOPOD=MORPHOLOGY A1*=&3)*7=Z.*,1*7+`=E1.?&'*9-=K_=S-*&,`=D&71*3*=R_=K*=*3-`=R488=M&.7.`======C473*1.:8=F&'*7/`=T_=A7&3=M443*>-`=C-7.89.&3=B4(00`=&3)=G43?&14=G.7.'*91 +I389.9:9=+37=I22:3,*3*9.0`=C-&7.9S8U3.;*78.9C982*).?.3=B*71.3`=+.+3/=B*71.3`=G*72&3>======&1*=&3)*7_?.*,1*7 (-&7.9*_)* ,D*5&792*39=4+=M411:808`=D*1&<&7*=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=W.12.3,943`=DE=+3*21`=USA======ES-*& )*123-_47, -W44)8=H41*=O(*&34,7&5-.(=I389.9:9.43`=W44)8=H41*`=MA=*,/.-`=USA=)0*=*3 <-4._*):`======&2443*> <-4._*): .C*39*7=+47=B7&.3=S(.*3(*`=H&7;&7)=U3.;*78.9>`=C&2'7.),*`=MA=*,+-2`=USA=72&.7 +&8_-&7;&7)_*): /I389.9:9=+37=K1.3.8(-*=R&).414,.*`=U3.;*78.9C9801.3.0:2=M3389*7`=.2+.3=M3389*7`=G*72&3>======+&'*7( :3.82:*389*7_)* T+- 0A1+7*)8W*,*3*78I389.9:9=+37=P41&78=:3)=M**7*8+478(-:3,`=,1/1*=B7*2*7-&;*3`=G*72&3>======(-7.89.&3_'4(0 &<._)* 1M:8*:2=4+=C425&7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=D*5&792*39=4+=O7,&3.82.(=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`= H&7;&7)=U3.;*78.9>`=C&2'7.),*`=MA=*,+-2`=USA=,,.7.'*9 ,_-&7;&7)_*): T-*= *89.2&9*)= 2**= *=9&39= (*5-&1454)= 85*(.*8= &7*= (4257.8*)= 4+= 9<4= ).89&391>= 7*1&9*)= ,74:58`=9-*=N&:9.14.)*&=&3)=9-*=C41*4.)*&_=M&/47=2475-414,.(&1=).S=*7*3(*8='*9<**3= N&:9.1:8= &3)= &11= 49-*7= *=9&39= (*5-&1454)8= 2&0*= 97&).9.43&1= 5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8*8= ).T==(:19=):*=94=9-*=.3&'.1.9>=94=541&7.?*=(-&7&(9*7=89&9*8_=H.,-*781*;*1=8>89*2&9.(8=&7*= :389&'1*`= <.9-= 2:19.51*= &19*73&9*= ->549-*8*8= 574548*)_= F:79-*7247*`= 7*8:198= +742= 241*(:1&7= &3)= 2475-414,.(&1= &3&1>8*8= &7*= 4V=*3= (4397&).(947>_= E=9*73&1= &3&942>= &3)= .39*73&1= -&7)= 5&798= 8:(-= &8= 9-*= ,1&).:8`= (:=1*'43*`= &3)= 7&):1&= 574;.)*= 7*1.&'1*= (-&7&(9*78=&3)=1&3)2&708`=':9=9-*7*=&7*=431>=&=+*<=5&798=94=&88*88_=S4V==9.88:*=(-&7&(9*78= 2&>='*=&S=*(9*)='>=(411*(9.3,=)&2&,*=&3)=).89479.43=):*=94=Q==&9.43`=<-.1*=*=9*38.;*= ).88*(9.43=.8=.3;&8.;*=&3)=2&>='*=.257&(9.(&1=+47=7&7*=47=49-*7<.8*=;&1:&'1*=85*(.2*38_= I3=47)*7=94=2.9.,&9*=842*=4+=9-*8*=574'1*28`=<*=-*7*=&88*88=9-*=549*39.&1=4+=9<4=3438 .3;&8.;*= .2&,.3,= 9*(-3.6:*8= 94= 7*(43897:(9= 47,&381*;*1= &3&942>= &3)= 9-*= 7*1&9.;*= 548.9.43= 4+= -&7)= &3)= 84V== 9.88:*8= <.9-.3= (*5-&1454)8_= M&,3*9.(= 7*843&3(*= .2&,.3,= MRI=&3)=2.(748(425:9*)=9424,7&5->= CT=(&3='*=*2514>*)=+47=(4251*2*39&7>= <-41*=85*(.2*3=.2&,.3,=4+=84V==&3)=-&7)=9.88:*8_=T-*8*=9*(-3.6:*8=574;.)*=7&5.)=&((*88= 94=-8).2*39.43&1=-8D=)&9&=43=(4251*==&3&942.(&1=+*&9:7*8`=&114<.3,=+47=&3=&((*1*7&9*)= (425&7&9.;*=&3&1>8.8=&(7488=9&=&_=I3=&)).9.43`=3*<=8>89*2&9.(=(-&7&(9*78=2&>='*=+4:3)`= ABSTRACTS ,0/
8:(-= &8= 9-*= &7(-.9*(9:7*= 4+= 9-*= (.7(:1&947>= 8>89*2= 47= 9-*= 57*(.8*= -8D= &77&3,*2*39= 4+= (*5-&1454)='7&.38=.3=8.9:`=<-.(-=&7*=.3&((*88.'1*=<.9-=97&).9.43&1`=.3;&8.;*=2*9-4)8_= T-*= +4:7= 7*57*8*39&9.;*= ,*3*7&= N&:9.1:8`= D47>9*:9-.8`= S*5.&`= &3)= B&9->541>5:8= <*7*= 8(&33*)= :8.3,= 9-*= 9<4= .2&,.3,= 24)&1.9.*8_= B7&.3`= 89&94(>89`= 89&941.9-`= &3)= (:=1*'43*= 2475-414,>=&7*=8-4<3=94='*=:8*+:1=(4251*==(-&7&(9*7=8*98`=&243,=49-*78_=I25479&391>`= 9>5*=2&9*7.&1=(&3='*=.2&,*)=<.9-4:9=&3>=3*,&9.;*=.25&(9_=O:7=(&8*=89:)>=8-4<8=9-*= 549*39.&1=;&1:*=4+=&=1&7,*88(&1*=8(&33.3,=*S=479=+47=(*5-&1454)8`=&3)=574;.)*8=9-*=2*&38= 94=7*.3;.,47&9*=(425&7&9.;*=(*5-&1454)=2475-414,>=:8.3,=,+89=(*39:7>=9*(-3414,.*8_
T+-_O1 IDENTIFICATION=OF=DEEP8SEA=CIRRATE=OCTOPOD=HATCHLINGS= USING=HIGH8FIELD=MAGNETIC=RESONANCE=IMAGING E1.?&'*9-=S-*&+`=A1*=&3)*7=Z.*,1*7,`-`=C473*1.:8=F&'*7.`=T.2=S-&30/ +D*5&792*39=4+=M411:808`=D*1&<&7*=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=.2.*=K*33*==P.0*`=W.12.3,943`= DE=+3*21`=USA=*8-*& )*123-_47, ,M:8*:2=4+=C425&7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=D*5&792*39=4+=O7,&3.82.(=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`= H&7;&7)=U3.;*78.9>`=,0=O=+47)=S97**9`=C&2'7.),*`=MA=*,+-2`=USA -P7*8*39=&))7*88a=I389.9:9=+37=I22:3,*3*9.0`=C-&7.9S8U3.;*78.9C982*).?.3=B*71.3`=T-.*1&11**=1-` +.+3/=B*71.3`=G*72&3>=&1*=&3)*7_?.*,1*7 (-&7.9*_)* .I389.9:9=+37=K1.3.8(-*=R&).414,.*`=U3.;*78.9C9801.3.0:2=M3389*7`=A1'*798S(-<*.9?*78C&25:8=+`= .2+.3=M3389*7`=G*72&3>=+&'*7( :3.82:*389*7_)* /W44)8=H41*=O(*&34,7&5-.(=I389.9:9.43`=20=W&9*7=S97**9`=W44)8=H41*`=MA=*,/.-`=USA======98-&30 <-4._*): D7_=M&1(412=C1&70*8=8*2.3&1='440`=A=H&3)'440=+47=9-*=I)*39.Q=(&9.43=4+=C*5-&1454)= B*&08= 8-4<*)= 9-&9= &= (4251*== 2475-414,.(&1= (-&7&(9*7= (4:1)= '*= :8*)= 94= .)*39.+>= (*5-&1454)8=.3=8942&(-=(439*398`=&3)=85:77*)=&=3*<=,*3*7&9.43=4+=*(414,.(&1=7*8*&7(-= .394=).*98`=57*)&947857*>=.39*7&(9.438=&3)=2&7.3*=+44)=<*'8_ T+- I3=9-*=(:77*39=89:)>`=<*=:8*=2&,3*9.(=7*843&3(*=.2&,.3,=MRI=94=.)*39.+>=9<4=7&7*`= )**588*&`=(.77&9*=4(9454)8=-&9(-1.3,8=(411*(9*)=+742=K*1;.3=S*&24:39=N*<=E3,1&3)= S*&24:39=C-&.3`=&3)=G44)*=S*&24:39=C473*7=R.8*=S*&24:39=C-&.3=.3=9-*=3479-<*89= A91&39.(=O(*&3=):7.3,=9-*=,**/=N479-=A91&39.(=S9*55.3,=S943*8=(7:.8*8_=B&8*)=43=9-*= 1&(0=4+=&=8*(43)&7>=<*'`=9-*=U88-&5*=4+=9-*=.39*73&1=8-*11`=&3)=9-*=8.3,1*=3*7;*=':3)1*= 9-&9=5&88*8=9-74:,-=9-*=<-.9*='4)>=9-*=85*(.2*38=&7*=.)*39.Q=*)=&8=G7.2549*:9-.8=85_= T&=4342.(=:3(*79&.39>=<.9-.3=9-*=,*3:8=&3)=9-*=&'8*3(*=4+=85*(.*8885*(.Q=(=(-&7&(9*78=.3= 4(9454)=-&9(-1.3,8=57*;*398=85*(.*881*;*1=.)*39.Q=(&9.43`=':9=3*<=84V=89.88:*=(-&7&(9*78= 8:(-=&8=9-*=8-&5*=4+=9-*=8-*11=(&79.1&,*=&7*=574548*)=+47=+:79-*7=.3;*89.,&9.43_ W*=(43(1:)*=9-&9=<.)*8857*&)=&)459.43=4+=MRI=9*(-3414,>=(&3=7*.3;.,47&9*=(425&7&9.;*= 2475-414,>`=85:7= 3*<= &;*3:*8= 4+= 7*8*&7(-= .3= C*5-&1454)= 8>89*2&9.(8`= &3)= 574;.)*= 3*<= )&9&= +742= 7&7*= 47= 49-*7<.8*= 57*(.4:8= 85*(.2*38= 9-&9= 2&>= 349= '*= &;&.1&'1*= +47= 89&3)&7)=).88*(9.43_= ,00 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+-_O2 IS=THE=SQUID=EMBRYONIC=STATOLITH=HOLLOW R:.=R48&+`=G.8*1&=D.43c8.4+`,`=M&79&=P.2*39*1+`=K&9/&=T73'*3'&(-+`=A3&=M47*34-`======P*)74=B&76:.3-&.`[email protected]=D.3.?/ +L&'47&97.4=M&7c9.24=)&=G:.&`=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`= A;_=N488&=S*3-47&=)4=C&'4`=3-3`=,1/*8-1.=C&8(&.8`=P479:,&1=7748& +(_:1_59 ,D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&=]=CESAM`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=A;*.74`=C&25:8=U3.;*[email protected]=)*=S&39.&,4`= -2+*8+3-=A;*.74`=P479:,&1 -I389.9:94=P479:,:U8==)4=M&7=*=)&=A9248+*7&`=A;*3.)&=)*=B7&8c1.&`=+..38**0=L.8'4&`=P479:,&1 .CENIMAT2I-N=*=D*5&79&2*394=)*=C.U3(.&8=)48=M&9*7.&.8`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=*=T*(3414,.&`= U3.;*78.)&)*=N4;&=)*=L.8'4&`=Q:.39&=)&=T477*`=,2,38/+0=C&5&7.(&`=P479:,&1 /REQUIMTE`=D*5&79&2*394=)*=Q:c2.(&`=C*3974=)*=Q:c2.(&=F.3&=*=B.49*(3414,.&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8= *=T*(3414,.&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=N4;&=)*=L.8'4&`=Q:.39&=)&=T477*=,2,38/+0`=C&5&7.(&`=P479:,&1_ S6:.)= 89&941.9-8= &7*= 5&.7*)= (&1(&7*4:8= (43(7*9.438= *88*39.&11>= (42548*)= 4+= (&1(.:2= (&7'43&9*= (7>89&11.8*)= &8= &7&,43.9*= &3)= +4:3)= .38.)*= (7&3.&1= R=:.)8Q=11*)= (&;.9.*8`= 9-*= 89&94(>898= 8= 9-*= 2&.3= 47,&3= 4+= )*9*(9.43= 4+= ,7&;.9>= &3)= 24;*2*39_= S9&941.9-= :8*= &8= &3= &,*.3,= 9441= <&8= ;&1.)&9*)= .3= 9-*= +32*8`= <-*3= 9-*= )&.1>= 5*7.4).(.9>= 4+= 9-*= ,74<9-= .3(7*2*398=<&8=(43Q=72*)='>=(-*2.(&11>=2&70.3,=9-*8*=897:(9:7*8=.3=&3.2&18=2&.39&.3*)= .3=&6:&7.&_=A19-4:,-=89&941.9-=&3&1>8.8=-&8='74:,-9=2&/47=&);&3(*8=.3=9-*=034<1*),*=4+= 86:.)=545:1&9.438)>3&2.(8`=1.=1*=.8=034<3=&'4:9=9-*=574(*88*8=.3;41;*)=.3=89&941.9-8= (&1(.Q=(&9.43= &3)= .3(7*2*39= )*548.9.43= *_,_= ):7.3,= *2'7>4,*3*8.8_= W*= (411*(9*)= 7*(*391>885&<3*)=*,,=2&88*8=4+=9-*=E:745*&3=86:.)`=L41.,4=;:1,&7.8`=&3)=&V=*7=-&9(-.3,= &9=+-8+/ C`=89&941.9-8=<*7*=7*24;*)=+742=9-*=5&7&1&7;&*=&3)=57*8*7;*)=&9=8,* C_=P7.47= 94= (43+4(&1= &3&1>8.8`= 89&941.9-8= <*7*= 8:'2.=*)= 94= A1.?&7.3= 7*)= S= ARS= 89&.3.3,= /= 4+=ARS=.3=*_+=KOH=94=;*7.+>=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=(&1(.:2=(439*39_=I3=&)).9.43`=.2&,*8= +742=459.(&1=2.(748(45>=&3)=8(&33.3,=*1*(9743=2.(748(45>=SEM=<*7*=&(6:.7*)_=T-*= T+- Q=3).3,8=4'9&.3*)='>=SEM`=8:,,*89=9-&9=9-*=*2'7>43.(=89&941.9-=.8=-4114<=.3=842*=4+=9-*= &7*&='*9<**3=9-*=3:(1*:8=&3)=9-*=3&9&1=7.3,_=ARS=89&.3*)=8&251*8=&3&1>8*)=.3=(43+4(&1= 2.(748(45>`=&3)=&:948R=:47*8(*3(*=4'8*7;&9.43`=(43Q=72*)=9-*=57*;.4:8=4'8*7;&9.43_
T-.8=8:757.8.3,=897:(9:7&1=+*&9:7*=.3=9-*=47.,.3=4+=C&CO-=8*3847.&1=897:(9:7*8=-&8=3*;*7= '**3=)*8(7.'*)='*+47*=&3)=8:,,*898=&=574):(9.43`=<.9-=2.3.2:2=4+=2&9*7.&1=&3)=*3*7,>= *=5*3).9:7*_=
T+-_O3 COMPARATIVE=MORPHOLOGY=OF=PARALARVAL=BEAKS= FROM=REPRESENTATIVES=OF=THREE=MAJOR=SQUID=FAMILIES= CEPHALOPODAa=TEUTHOIDEA R.9&=M_=F7&3(48S&3948+`=É7.(&=A_G_=V.)&1, +L&'47&947>=4+=E=5*7.2*39&1=M&7.3*=E(414,>`=C*39*7=+47=M&7.3*=S9:).*8`=F*)*7&1=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P&7&3@`= R:&=C*39&:74`=,0,`=B*14=H47.?439*`=MG`=-*-0*8-+*`=B7&?.1=7.9.3-&2+ -492&.1_(42= ,L&'47&947>=4+=E=5*7.2*39&1=M&7.3*=E(414,>`=C*39*7=+47=M&7.3*=S9:).*8`=F*)*7&1=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P&7&3@`=A;_= B*.7&=M&7`=823=C&.=&=P489&1=0+`=P439&1=)4=P&7&3@`=PR`=2-_,//8310`=B7&?.1=*7.(&;.)&1,*** >&-44_(42_'7 T-*= 2475-414,>= &3)= 2475-42*97>= 4+= '*&0= &3)= &728(74<3= )*;*1452*39= 4+= C-.749*:9-.8=(+_=;*7&3>.`=L.4(7&3(-.&=7*.3-&7)9.`=&3)=D47>9*:9-.8=45&1*8(*38=5&7&1&7;&*= <*7*=*=&2.3*)_=M*&8:7*2*398=9&0*3=+742=:55*7=UJ=&3)=14<*7=LJ=/&<=897:(9:7*8= <*7*= (425&7*)= &,&.389= ML= '>= 2:19.51*= 1.3*&7= 7*,7*88.43= 94= )*9*72.3*= 7*1&9.;*= ABSTRACTS ,01
.3+1:*3(*8= 43= ,74<9-`= &3)= '*9<**3= 85*(.*8= '>= ANOVA= 94= .)*39.+>= ).++*7*3(*8_= C438.)*7&'1*=2475-414,.(&1=(-&3,*8=<*7*=4'8*7;*)=&9=*&71>=8.?*8=4+=L_=7*.3-&7)9.= &3)= D_= 45&1*8(*38_=C4147&9.43=<&8=4'8*7;*)=24891>=.3=9-*8*=9<4=85*(.*8_=L&9*7&1= <&118=&3)=-44)=UJ=&3)=<.3,8=&3)=1&9*7&1=<&118=LJ`=9-*=2489=.25479&39=897:(9:7*8= .3=57*).(9.3,=5&7&1&7;&1=8.?*=+47=&11=85*(.*8`=<*7*=247*=)*;*145*)=.3=L_=7*.3-&7)9.`= +47=<-.(-=9-*=74897:2=LJ=<&8=&184=.25479&39_=R4897:2=74':893*88=&3)=897*3,9-= <&8=-.,-*7=.3=L_=7*.3-&7)9.`=.39*72*).&9*=.3=D_=45&1*8(*38`=&3)=14<*7=.3=C_=(+_=;*7&3>.`= -.39.3,=&9=9-*=7*85*(9.;*=57*>=9>5*_=T**9-=LJ=&3)=81.9`=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8=4+=&3(*897&1= (*5-&1454)8`=<*7*=4'8*7;*)`=).8&55*&7.3,=(4251*9*1>=&3)=5&79.&11>=43=9-*=1&7,*89= 85*(.2*38=4+=L_=7*.3-&7)9.=&3)=D_=45&1*8(*38`=7*85*(9.;*1>`=&3)=7*2&.3.3,=.3=&11=8.?*8= 4+=C_=(+_=;*7&3>._=O:7=7*8:198=8:,,*89=9-&9=9-*.7=57*8*3(*=.3=*&71>=5&7&1&7;&*=(4:1)='*= &3=&)&59&9.43=94=+&(.1.9&9*=9-*=.3,*89.43=4+=57*8).,*89*)=+1*8-`=&3)=&3=.3).(&9.43=9-&9= 4394,*3>=2.,-9='*=7*(&5.9:1&9.3,=4394,*3>_=
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T+-_O++ MALCOLM`=MAN=OF=MEGA=MAMMALS=AND=MONSTROUS=MOLLUSKS C1>)*=F_E_=R45*7 I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=S2.9-843.&3=I389.9:9.43`=PO=B4==-1*+,`= MRC=+0-`=W&8-.3,943`=DC=,**+-81*+, P_O_=B4==0*0b=U7'&33&`=VA=,-+1/b=5-a=2*.=1/2=/23*=,86:.).3( ;*7.?43_3*9 M&1(412=<&8=&=2&3=.3=249.43_=I9=2&)*=34=2&=*7=<-*9-*7=-*=<&8=43=&=<-&1.3,=8-.5= 8:774:3)*)=<.9-=85*72=<-&1*=,:98=.3=8*&7(-=4+=86:.)8`=744Q=3,=-.8=-4:8*`=':.1).3,=&= 8<.22.3,=5441=<.9-=1.341*:2`=47=5&.39.3,=&=1&3)8(&5*=4+=&=3*&78'>=8(*3*`=M&1(412=<&8= &(9.;*=T-.8=97.':9*=9&10=.8=&=5*7843&1=7*2*2'7&3(*=4+=&=143,=&3)=574):(9.;*=+7.*3)8-.5= &3)=(411&'47&9.43_
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T+-_O+/ UNKNOWN=LARGE=PELAGIC=INCIRRATE=OCTOPUS= FROM=THE=SOUTHERN=OCEAN K&97.3=L.38*+`=P&:1=T>1*7,`=NERC=C-E8S4=(438479.:2 +B7.9.8-=A39&7(9.(=S:7;*>`=H.,-=C7488`=M&).3,1*>=R4&)`=C&2'7.),*`=CB-=*ET`=UK=01 '&8_&(_:0 ,O(*&3=&3)=E&79-=S(.*3(*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-&25943`=W&9*7+7439=C&25:8`=S4:9-&25943`= SO+.=-ZH`=UK=5&92 34(_84943_&(_:0 I3= D*(*2'*7= ,*+-= 9-*= UK= C-E8SO= C-*248>39-*9.(&11>8)7.;*3= *(48>89*28= .3= 9-*= S4:9-*73=O(*&3=(438479.:2=*=5147*)=9-*=8*,2*39=E,=4+=9-*=E&89=S(49.&=R.),*=.3=9-*= ABSTRACTS ,1+
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T+-_O+0 IN=MEMORY=OF=A=FRIEND`=TEACHER=AND=MENTOR C_C_=L: N&9.43&1=C-:3,=H8.3,=U3.;*78.9>`=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,`=,F81F`=,/*`=K:4=K:&3,=R4&)`= T&.(-:3,=.,*`=T&.<&3`=ROC=&:88.*9*:9-.8 ,2&.1_(42 M&1(412=<&8=&=<43)*7+:1=+7.*3)`=9*&(-*7=&3)=2*3947=94=2:19.51*=,*3*7&9.438=4+=2&7.3*= 8(.*39.898_=I3=9-.8=9&10`=I=7*2*2'*7=4:7=<470=94,*9-*7`=9-*=2&3>=<&>8=-*=8-&5*)=2&7.3*= 8(.*3(*=&8=<*11=&8=-.8=,*3*74:8=85.7.9=&3)=,7*&9=*3*7,>_
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T+-_O,+ CEPHALOPODS=AS=VECTORS=OF=HARMFUL=ALGAL=BLOOM=TOXINS= IN=MARINE=FOOD=WEBS V&3*88&=M_=L45*8+`=A3&=R.9&=L45*8+`=P*)74=C489&,`=R:.=R48&+ +L&'47&97.4=M&7c9.24=)&=G:.&`=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`= A;_=N488&=S*3-47&=)4=C&'4`=3-3`=,1/*8-1.=C&8(&.8`=P479:,&1=;&3*88&2&)*.7&145*8 ,2&.1_(42`= &3&7/145*8 -492&.1_(42`=7748& +(_:1_59 ,IPMA=8=I389.9:94=P479:,:U8=)4=M&7=*=)&=A9248+*7&`=A;*3.)&=)*=B7&8c1.&`=+..38**0=L.8'4&`=P479:,&1= 57(489& .52&_59 H*7*=<*=8:22&7.?*=9-*=(:77*39=034<1*),*=43=9-*=97&38+*7=&3)=&((:2:1&9.43=4+=-&72+:1= &1,&1='1442=HAB87*1&9*)=94=.38=.3=(*5-&1454)8=4(9454)8`=(:=1*Q=8-*8=&3)=86:.)8_= T-*8*=2411:808=-&;*='**3=7*5479*)=94=&((:2:1&9*=8*;*7&1=HAB894=.38`=3&2*1>=)424.(= &(.)=DA`=&3)=.98=.842*78`=8&=.94=.3=&3)=.98=)*7.;&9.;*8=&3)=5&1>94=.3=&3)`=9-*7*+47*`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`=PST8=&((:2:1&9*=94=9-*=,7*&9*89=*=9*39=.3=DG=1=0.)3*>8=1= 8942&(-=1='7&3(-.&1=-*&798=1=,.118_=A3&1>8*8=:3)*79&0*3=.3=D_=,.,&8=&184=7*;*&1*)=&=<.)*= 7&3,*=4+=PST=1*;*18=.3='49-=8942&(-=&3)=DG_=U31.0*=O_=;:1,&7.8=&3)=D_=,.,&8`=<-.(-= &((:2:1&9*=PST8=.3=9-*.7=;.8(*7&`=&3)=-&;*=&=247*=).;*78*=94=.3=574Q=1*`=9-*=A:897&1.&3= O(945:8=A')45:8=85_/=&((:2:1&9*8=&3)=7*9&.38=STX=.3=9-*=&728`=<.9-=34=1*;*18=4+49-*7= )*7.;&9.;*8='*.3,=+4:3)=.3=9-*=&728_=P&1>94=.38=&7*=&243,=9-*=2489=94=.(=241*(:1*8= .)*39.Q=*)=&3)=897&3)*)=4(9454)8=.3=I9&1>=7*;*&1*)=-.,-=(439&2.3&9.43=1*;*18=4+=9-*8*= (4254:3)8`=<.9-=4;&94=.3=&=5&1>94=.3=&3&14,:*=7*&(-.3,=31+= ,=0,8+=&3)=5&1>94=.3= 7*&(-.3,=++/= ,=0,8+=9-*=7*,:1&947>=1.2.9=+47=P1TX8=.8=-*= ,=0,8+=.3=8-*11Q=8-_=A19-4:,-= 9-*=.25&(98=4+=HAB894=.38=.3=(*5-&1454)=5->8.414,>=&7*=349=&8=<*11=:3)*78944)=&8=.3= Q=8-=85*(.*8`=8.2.1&7=*S=*(98=&7*=*=5*(9*)=8.3(*=9-*>=5488*88=&=(4251*==3*7;4:8=8>89*2= &3)=-.,-1>=)*;*145*)='7&.3=(425&7&'1*=94=9-&9=4+=9-*=;*79*'7&9*8_= ABSTRACTS ,1/
T+-_O,, WHO=KNOWS`=ONLY=THE=HOST=KNOWSb=SEPIOLID=SQUIDS=AS= EVOLUTIONARY=DRIVERS=OF=BACTERIAL=SPECIFICITY=IN=AN= ENVIRONMENTALLY=TRANSMITTED=SYMBIOSIS A_=C-&;*?8D4?&1+`=C_=G472&3+`=C_P_=L48974-,`=M_K_=N.8-.,:(-.+ +D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=N*<=M*=.(4=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=B4==-***+`=MSC=-AF`=L&8=C7:(*8` NM=22**-82**+`=USA=&1'.9&(- 328:_*):`=8-&)4<,:>+ -492&.1_(42`=3.8- 328:_*): ,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=C4147&)4=C411*,*`=+.=E&89=C&(-*=L&=P4:)7*=S9_`=C4147&)4=S57.3,8`=CO=2*3*-`= USA=5148974- C4147&)4C411*,*_*): T-*= '*3*Q=(.&1= &884(.&9.43= '*9<**3= 8*5.41.)= 86:.)8= C*5-&1454)&a= S*5.41.)&*= &3)= 9-*.7= '.41:2.3*8(*39= '&(9*7.&1= 5&793*78= -&8= '**3= &= :3.6:*= 24)*1= +47= :3)*789&3).3,= -4<=&3.2&1=-4898=(&3=8*1*(9=+47=&=5&79.(:1&7='&(9*7.&1=8>2'.439=&243,=9-*=;&89=&77&>=4+= 2.(74'*8=.3=9-*=4(*&3_=S6:.)8=.3=9-*=,*3:8=E:57>23&=&7*=+4:3)=57.2&7.1>=.3=9-*=I3)48 <*89=P&(.Q=(=&3)=&7*=&1145&97.(`=<-*7*&8=9-*.7=V.'7.4='&(9*7.&=&7*=(4824541.9&3=&3)=(&3= '*=+4:3)=9-74:,-4:9=9-*=<471)8=4(*&38_=D*85.9*=9-*.7=).897.':9.43`=2&7.3*=V.'7.48=&7*= -.,-1>=85*(.Q=(=+47=9-*.7=E:57>23&=-4898`=>*9=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+=9-.8=85*(.Q=(.9>=-&8=>*9=94='*= 7*841;*)_=B>=:8.3,=&=3&9:7&1=7*(42'.3&39=-42414,4:8=(143.3,=2*9-4)=9*72*)=,&5=7*5&.7`= <*= 2&3.5:1&9*)= 9-7**= 2&.3= 8>2'.49.(= 45*7438= 1:=8= '.41:2.3*8(*3(*`= 28-8= 2&3348*= 8*38.9.;*=-*2&,,1:9.3.3=7*(4,3.9.43`=&3)=5.18=5.1.=+47=&=&(-2*39=+742=).S=*7*39=V.'7.4= Q=8(-*7.=897&.38=.841&9*)=+742=9<4=,*4,7&5-.(&11>=).89.3(9=86:.)=-489=85*(.*8=E_=9&82&3.(&8= A:897&1.&=&3)=E_=8(4145*88=H&<&..=94=)*9*72.3*=.+=9-*8*=,*3*8=&7*=7*85438.'1*=+47=9-*= 85*(.Q=(.9>=4'8*7;*)=&243,=(148*1>=7*1&9*)=-48928>2'.439=5&.78_=T-74:,-=(4143.?&9.43= 89:).*8=5*7+472*)=.3=3&;*=86:.)=-&9(-1.3,8=+742='49-=-489=85*(.*8`=<*=+4:3)=9-&9=&11= 14(.=*=&2.3*)=&7*=.25479&39=+47=85*(.Q=(.9>=&3)=-489=7*(4,3.9.43=.3='49-=E_=9&82&3.(&=&3)= E_= 8(4145*8_= I39*7*89.3,1>`=(425*9.9.;*= &'.1.9>= 4+= 9-*8*= 8>2'.49.(= 14(.= )*5*3)*)= 43= 9-*= 14(:8=9*89*)=&3)=9-*=85*(.Q=(=86:.)=85*(.*8=.3=<-.(-=(4143.?&9.43=<&8=2*&8:7*)`=8.3(*= '49-=E:57>23&=85*(.*8=).)=349=+&;47=9-*=2:9&9*)=3&9.;*=V_=Q=8(-*7.=*6:&11>_=O:7=7*8:198= T+- )*243897&9*=9-&9=349=431>=2:19.51*='&(9*7.&1=,*3*9.(=*1*2*398=)*9*72.3*=V_=Q=8(-*7.=897&.3= 85*(.Q=(.9>='*9<**3=9<4=(148*1>=7*1&9*)=86:.)=-4898`=':9=&184=-489=*3;.7432*39=-&8=&3= .25479&39=741*=.3=8-&5.3,=&=8:((*88+:1=&884(.&9.43_ D*(.5-*7.3,=-4<=9-*=*;41:9.43&7>=-.8947>=4+=85*(.Q=(.9>='*9<**3=(148*1>=7*1&9*)=8*5.41.)= 86:.)8=4((:77*)=2&>=,.;*=.38.,-9=94=9-*=+:3(9.43=4+=(425*9*3(*=&3)=.39*78897&.3=,*3*9.(= 85*(.Q=(.9>=.3=9-.8=)>3&2.(='*3*Q=(.&1=8>2'.48.8_
T+-_O,- ARM=AUTOTOMY=IN=OCTOPUS=ABDOPUS=ACULEATUS= ON=MACTAN=ISLAND`=PHILIPPINES J*&3=S_=A1:5&>`=R4>=C&1)<*11 I39*,7&9.;*=B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&`=B*70*1*>=+**/=V&11*>=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B1),=K-+.*`= B*70*1*>`=CA=3.1,*=USA=/8&1:5&> '*70*1*>_*):`=71(&1)<*11 '*70*1*>_*): A3.2&18= -&;*= *;41;*)= &= ).;*78*= 8*9= 4+= )*+*38*= 2*(-&3.828= .3(1:).3,= (7>59.(= &3)= 89&791.3,=).851&>8`=R=.,-9=7*85438*`=&3)=.30.3,=94=*8(&5*=9-*.7=57*)&9478_=A7,:&'1>=43*= 4+=9-*=2489=*=97*2*=9&(9.(8=.8=&:94942>`=9-*=;41:39&7>=8-*)).3,=4+=&=1.2'=47='4)>=5&79_= T-.8='*-&;.47=.8=.22*).&9*1>='*3*Q=(.&1=.3=9-*=*8(&5*=&3)=8:7;.;&1=4+=9-*=47,&3.82=+742= .98=57*)&947_=H4<*;*7`=.9=8.2:19&3*4:81>=.3(:78=143,89*72=(4898=94=&(9.;.9.*8=<-*7*=9-*= ,10 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
1489=1.2'=51&>8=&=;.9&1=741*`=8:(-=&8=14(4249.43_=A=9&=4342.(&11>=).;*78*=8*9=4+=47,&3.828= *=-.'.98=9-.8=&'.1.9>`=':9=.8=89:).*)=&12489=*=(1:8.;*1>=.3=/4.39*)=&3.2&18=1.0*=7*59.1*8`= *(-.34)*728`= &3)= (7:89&(*&38_= L.=1*= .8= 034<3= &'4:9= -4<= 9-.8= )*+*38*= 2*(-&3.82= (425&7*8=.3=84V=='4).*)=&3.2&18=1.0*=2411:8(8_= A=+*<=85*(.*8=4+=4(945:8=-&;*=&3*()49&11>='**3=7*5479*)=94=*=-.'.9=&72=&:94942>_=W*= 89:).*)=43*=85*(.*8`=A')45:8=&(:1*&9:8=9-&9=.8=&':3)&39=.3=9-*=Q=*1)=&3)=+7*6:*391>=1488*8= &3)=7*,*3*7&9*8=&728_=S:7;*>8=<*7*=(43):(9*)=.3=J:1>=,*++=&3)=A57.1=,*+-=43=M&(9&3= I81&3)`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
T+-_O,. SQUID=FLY=IN=A=+/M=DIAMETER=TANK=8=AGAIN R43=OD47+`=H&88&3=M4:89&-Q=), +B.414,>`=D&1-4:8.*=U3.;*78.9>`=PO=BOX=+/***`=H&1.+&=`=N4;&=S(49.&`=C&3&)&`=B-H=.R,======R43_OD47 D&1_C& ,NOAA`=I39*,7&9*)=O(*&3=O'8*7;.3,=S>89*2`=S.1;*7=S57.3,`=MD`=,*3+*`=USA======H&88&3_M4:89&-Q=) 34&&_,4; I3=+31/=<*='74:,-9=I11*==.11*(*'748:8=.394=D&1-4:8.*=U3.;*78.9>8=+/2=).&2*9*7=P441=T&30= T+- +47=9-*=Q=789=9.2*`=&3)=9-*=Q=789=3.,-9=842*=4+=9-*2=R=*<=4:9=&3)=0.11*)=9-*28*1;*8='>= 1&3).3,=43=9-*=8:774:3).3,=)*(0_=W*=).8(4;*7*)=9-&9=1*&;.3,=&=8.3,1*=82&11=2443= 1.,-9=43=89455*)=9-*2=+742=R=>.3,_=T-.8=>*&7=<*=-45*=94='7.3,=9-*2='&(0=&,&.3=&3)= Q=12=9-*2=R=>.3,=:3)*7=.3+7&7*)=&8=5&79=4+=4:7=3*<=89:)>=4+=86:.)=R=.,-9_=M&3>=86:.)= )4=R=>`=&3)=,1.)*=&9=1*&89=/*2=&9=&=897*9(-`=&8=-&7)=&8=842*=2&>=Q=3)=9-&9=94='*1.*;*= T-.8=574/*(9=<.11='*=5&79=4+=9-*=O(*&3=T7&(0.3,=N*9<470`=<-.(-=-&8=1.3*8=4+=:197&843.(= 7*(*.;*78=&74:3)=9-*=<471)_=W*=<.11=5:9=&(4:89.(=9&,8=43=86:.)=94=97&(0=9-*2=&8=9-*>= (7488=9-*=,**02=H&1.+&==L.3*=&3)=2&3>=7*(*.;*7=1.3*8=&143,=9-*=US=(4&89=&8=9-*>=8<.2= 84:9-=94=1&>=*,,8=.3=9-*=G:1+=S97*&2=94=(4251*9*=9-*.7=1.+*=(>(1*_=I9=2&>=*;*3='*=5488.'1*= 94=)4(:2*39=-4<=2:(-=9.2*=9-*>=85*3)=R=>.3,=.3=9-*=<.1)='>=&=&(-.3,=GPS=8&9*11.9*= 9&,8=9-&9=243.947=<-*3=&3)=-4<=+&7=9-*>=97&;*1=.3=9-*=&.7_=W*=&7*='*=.3,=9-*>=R=>=&9= 3.,-9`=*85*(.&11>=<-*3=9-*7*=.8=34=2443`=':9=431>=9&,8=(&3=&38<*7=9-&9=6:*89.43=+47= 8:7*=W*=2&>=*;*3='*=&'1*=94=9&,=86:.)=<.9-=7&).4.84945*8=&8=9-*=A:897&1.&38=-&;*=)43*= 94=+4114<=2:19.51*=,*3*7&9.438=&8=/:;*3.1*=86:.)=7*9:73=+742=9-*=G:1+=S97*&2=94=(4&89&1= <&9*78_=W*=-45*=9-&9=9-.8=89:)>=<.11=574;.)*=&((:7&9*=.3+472&9.43=43=9-*=14(&9.43=4+= 9-*=<.39*7=85&<3.3,=,74:3)`=2.,7&9.43=5&=*738='*9<**3=3479-*73=&3)=84:9-*73=894(0= (42543*398`= 9-*= &:9:23= 85&<3.3,= 2.,7&9.43= 74:9*`= &3)= <-&9= +7&(9.43= 4+= 9-*= 894(0= .3-&'.98=<&9*78='*>43)=9-*=(439.3*39&1=8-*1+_=T-.8=.3+472&9.43=.8=(7.9.(&1=+47=Q=8-*7.*8= 2&3&,*2*39=4+=I11*==894(08_ ABSTRACTS ,11
T+-_O,/ CEPHALOPODS=IN=THE=FOOD=AND=FEEDING=NETWORK=OF=MARINE=LIFE_= LEGACY=OF=MALCOLM=CLARKE M_R_=L.5.380.+`=J_C_=X&;.*7,`-`=E_K_=S-*&. +D*5&792*39=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=AS=&.78=]=T4:7.82`=P7.;&9*=B&,=X,`=R4,,*'&&.`=C&5*=T4<3`= S4:9-=A+7.(&=2*+,`=1.5.380. 2<*'_(4_?& ,I389.9:9*=4+=M&7.3*=R*8*&7(-`=D*5&792*39=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=A5&79_=-*.0`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C4.2'7&= -**+8.*+=C4.2'7&=P479:,&1=/((= (&39&'_3*9 -B7.9.8-=A39&7(9.(=S:7;*>`=H.,-=C7488`=M&).3,1*>=R4&)`CB-=*ET=C&2'7.),*`=UK =.D*5&792*39=4+=M411:808`=D*1&<&7*=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=.2.*=K*33*==P.0*`=W.12.3,943`= DE=+3*21`=USA=*8-*& )*123-_47, C*5-&1454)8=<*7*=7*,&7)*)=&8=.25479&39=.3=034<3=2&7.3*=*3;.7432*398='>=7*8*&7(-*78= 4+=41)=A7.8949*1*8=&3)=3*<=C1&70*_=T4=)*9*72.3*=9-.8=.25479&3(*=.8=).T==(:19`=-4<*;*7_=I9= .8=&=*259*)=-*7*=:8.3,=85*(.*8=3:2'*78=&3)=&':3)&3(*=-.,-*89=.389&39&3*4:8='.42&88= &3)=>*&71>=&;*7&,*=574):(9.43_=G*3*7&1.?&9.43=1*;*1=+47=9-*=,74:5=89&3)8=34<=&9=1=.3= 85*(.*8=3:2'*78`=.2=85*(.*8=+47=<-.(-=,44)=)&9&=*=.89`=1**=949&1=3:2'*7=4+=85*(.*8`=-*= .3=-.,-*89=.389&39&3*4:8='.42&88=&3)=+*=.3=>*&71>=&;*7&,*=574):(9.43_=P7*)&9478=4+= (*5-&1454)8='*143,=94=9-*=+4114<.3,=C1&88*8=431>=2&7.3*=85*(.*8a=C*5-&1454)&=1**= 85*(.*8`=-/=213=9='.42&88`=+**=213=9=574):(9.43`=455479:3.89.(=&3)=85*(.&1.?*)=+**)*78`= C-43)7.(-9->*8= ,/*= 85*(.*8`= 455479:3.89.(= +**)*78`= O89*.(-9->*8= +0***= 85*(.*8`= 455479:3.89.(=+**)*78`=R*59.1.&=+**=85*(.*8`=455479:3.89.(=+**)*78`=A;*8=/**=85*(.*8`= 455479:3.89.(=+**)*78=&3)=M&22&1.&=+**=85*(.*8`=455479:3.89.(=+**)*78_=T-*7*+47*`= 1**=85*(.*8=4+=C*5-&1454)&=&7*=&,&.389=+1***=85*(.*8=47=84`=&3)=9-*.7=24)*7&9*='.42&88= 4+=-/=213=9=.8=&,&.389=4+=842*=2489=8:((*88+:1=85*(.*8=43=E&79-=.3(1:).3,=2&3=8:(-=&8= 2&7.3*='.7)8=&3)=2&22&18_=P7*)&947>=57*88:7*=:543=(*5-&1454)8=9-*3=.8=*34724:8_= H4<*;*7`= 2489= 4+= 9-*8*= 1.308= &7*= 4+= 45*3= 455479:3.89.(8455479:3.89.(= 9>5*= <-.(-= &1<&>8=,.;*8=(-&3(*=4+=7*(4;*7>='*(&:8*=57*)&9.43=8<.9(-*8=4S==43=2:(-=-.,-*7=1*;*1=4+= T+- &':3)&3(*=4+=57*>=9-&3=9-&9=4+=9-*=85*(.&1.898_=C*5-&1454)8=&7*=*T==(.*39=&8=57*)&9478`= (&9(-.3,= 2&.31>= (7:89&(*&38= +/***= 85*(.*8`= Q=8-*8= +0***= 85*(.*8= &3)= (*5-&1454)8= 1**= 85*(.*8_= T-.8= *T==(.*3(>= <&8= 6:&39.Q=*)= +47= 9-*= B*3,:*1&= E(48>89*2`= <.9-= 9-*= 24)*11.3,= *S=479= 8-4<.3,= 7*1&9.;*= .25479&3(*= 4+= Q=8-= &3)= (*5-&1454)8_= B.42&88= &3)= *;*3= 247*= 574):(9.43= 4+= 2&7.3*= (7:89&(*&38= .8= *34724:8`= &3)= (&3= *&8.1>= 8:89&.3= (*5-&1454)=8:7;.;&1_=I3=&)).9.43`=57*)&9.43=4+=(*5-&1454)8=:543=(7:89&(*&38=.8=24891>= 43*8<&>`=<-.189=1.308=94=Q=8-*8=(438.89=4+=2:19.51*=14458_=P->8.414,.(&1`=1.+*8(>(1*=&3)= '*-&;.4:7&1=&);&39&,*8=&184=-&;*=&=741*`=*85*(.&11>=<-*3=(425&7.3,=*3*7,*9.(=(4898`= 1*&73.3,=&'.1.9.*8=&3)=8:7;.;&1=5745479.438='*9<**3=1&7;&1=]=/:;*3.1*=89&,*8=&3)=&):198_ ,12 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+-_P+ ASSEMBLING=THE=GENOME=OF=THE=GIANT=SQUID`=ARCHITEUTHIS=DUX R:9*=R_=)&=F438*(&+`=I3,*7=W.30*12&33+`=B*39=P*9*78*3`=S.243=R&82:88*3`=J&3= S97:,3*11`=M&70=N472&3`=H*308J&3=H4;.3,`=R.(&7)4=T&+:78J.2*3*?`=Â3,*1&=R.'*.74`= L&78=H&38*3`=K&7.3=V*89'*7,`=M.(-&*1=K*79*8?`=B1&,4>=B1&,4*;`=A1*=&3)7*=C&2548`= H:,4=O87.4`T-42&8=S.(-*7.9?8P439*3`=L.8&3)7&=Z*5*)&`=T42&8=V.3&7`=T42=G.1'*79+ +C*39*7=+47=G*4G*3*9.(8`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2=4+=D*32&70 7:9*_7_)&_+438*(& ,2&.1_(42`=.3,*7_<.30*12&33 ,2&.1_(42`======J_S97:,3*11 1&974'*_*):_&:`=23472&3 2:8*:2_;.(_,4;_&:`=-/-4;.3, 2'&7._47,`= 79&+:7 .2&75*_,4'_5*`=7.'*.74_&3,*1& ,2&.1_(42`=-*89'/*7, '.4_0:_)0`= 05; '.4_0:_)0`=0*79*8? 241*(:14_(42`='*395*9*78*3 ,2&.1_(42`======8.243 ('8_)9:_)0`=9-42&8 ('8_)9:_)0`=1.8&3)7&(&)> ,2&.1_(42`= 942&8_;.3&7 +25-_:3.'&_80`='&' '2'_8):_)0`=&24(1(1.= ,2&.1_(42`= -4847.4 .5&9.2:5_59`=295,.1'*79 ,2&.1_(42= T-*= ,.&39= 86:.)= A7(-.9*:9-.8= ):== '*143,8= 94= 9-*= 4(*&3.(= 86:.)8= 8:'47)*7= O*,458.3&_== A243,=(*5-&1454)8`=9-*=O*,458.3&=)42.3&9*=9-*=5*1&,.(`=45*3=4(*&3=*3;.7432*39_= D.;*78.9>=&9=9-*=+&2.1>=&3)=,*3*7.(=1*;*18=.8=7*1&9.;*1>=-.,-=<.9-=,.=+&2.1.*8=&3)=03=,*3*7&= )*8(7.'*)=84=+&7_=T-*>=&7*=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=7&5.)=,74<9-`=8-479=1.+*=85&38`=*&71>=2&9:7.9>= &3)= 7&5.)= 545:1&9.43= 9:734;*7_= S6:.)= 51&>= &3= .25479&39= 741*= .3= 4(*&3.(= *(48>89*28`= '49-=&8=57*)&9478=&3)=57*>=+47=49-*7=&3.2&18`=8:(-=&8=Q=8-`='.7)8=&3)=(*9&(*&38_ L.=1*= .8= 034<3= &'4:9= A7(-.9*:9-.8= 85*(.*8_= T-*7*= &55*&78= 94= '*= (*79&.3= -4985498= 4+= A7(-.9*:9-.8= Q=3).3,8`= *85*(.&11>= &74:3)= N*<+4:3)1&3)`= 9-*= B&>= 4+= B.8(&>= .3= 9-*= NE= A91&39.(`= S4:9-=A+7.(&`= S4:9-=A:897&1.&= &3)= N*<= Z*&1&3)_=A= 949&1= 1*3,9-= 4+= +/2= +47= +*2&1*8=&3)=+*2=+47=2&1*8=.8=&((*59*)=&8=&=7*&843&'1*=*89.2&9*`='&8*)=43=)4(:2*39*)= 2*&8:7*2*39=4+=.3).;.):&18='>=8(.*39.898_ T+- W*=-&;*=*=97&(9*)=DNA=+742=&3=A7(-.9*:9-.8=):==85*(.2*3=&3)=9-*=&88*2'1>=.8='*.3,= )43*='>=(42'.3.3,=8*6:*3(.3,=)&9&=+742=I11:2.3&=5&.7*)8*3)=1.'7&7.*8=&3)=M41*(:14= 7*&)8=&3)=./.=9*(-3414,.*8_=C4251*2*39&7.1>`=<*=&7*=8*6:*3(.3,=9-*=97&38(7.5942*=4+= 9*3=49-*7=4*,458.3=85*(.*8=9-&9=<.11='*=:8*)=+47=,*342*=&3349&9.43_=T-*=(425&7&9.;*= &3&1>8.8='*9<**3=4*,45.)8=<.11=&114<=:8=94=,&.3=842*=.38.,-9=.394=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+=9-.8= +&8(.3&9.3,=,74:5_=
T+-_P,
TEMPORAL=AND=SPATIAL=DISTRIBUTION=OF=CEPHALOPOD=PARALARVAE= MEASURED=WITH=DIFFERENT=SAMPLING=GEARS= AND=SAMPLING=STRATEGIES L47*3&=O1248=PS7*?`=Á3,*1=F_=G43?@1*?`=Á1;&74=R4:7& ECOBIOMAR`=I389.9:94=)*=I3;*89.,&(.43*8=M&7.3&8=CSIC`=C2E):&7)4=C&'*114`=0_=-0,*2=V.,4`=S5&.3= 147*3&41248 ..2_(8.(_*8`=&+, ..2_(8.(_*8`=&74:7& ..2_(8.(_*8 T-*= &':3)&3(*= 4+= 9-*= 2&.3= (*5-&1454)= 5&7&1&7;&*= 57*8*39= .3= 9-*= Rc&= 4+= V.,4= NW= S5&.3= <&8= (425&7*)= :8.3,= ).S=*7*39= 8&251.3,= ,*&78= &3)= *=5*7.2*39&1= )*8.,38_= O(*&34,7&5-.(= (7:.8*8= <*7*= :3)*79&0*3= &9= 3.,-9= ):7.3,= 8:22*7= &3)= *&71>= &:9:23= .3= ,**2`= ,**3`= ,*+*= &3)= ,*+,_= S&251.3,= 897&9*,>= (438.89*)= 43= +4:7= 5&7&11*1= 97&38*(98= +4114<.3,=&='&9->2*97.(=,7&).*39=.*`=0*`=2*`=++*=2_=W.9-.3=8:7;*>8=(&77.*)=4:9=.3=,**2= ABSTRACTS ,13
&3)=,**3=9<4=8&251*8=5*7=97&38*(9=<*7*=(411*(9*)=<.9-=&='43,4=3*9a=43*=&9=9-*=8:7+&(*= *8/=2`=&3)=&=)4:'1*=4'1.6:*=97&<1=+47=9-*=<&9*7=(41:23_=A=2:19.3*9=97&<1=,*&7=<&8= :8*)=.3=,*+*=&3)=,*+,`=+4114<.3,=).S=*7*39=*=5*7.2*39&1=)*8.,38a=8&251*8=<*7*=9&0*3= (148*=94=9-*='4=42=&3)=&9=9-*=8:7+&(*=4+=*&(-=97&38*(9=.3=,*+*`=<-.1*=&=897&9.Q=*)=8&251.3,= 897&9*,>=<&8=.251*2*39*)=+742=9-*='4=42=94=9-*=8:7+&(*=.3=,*+,_ O:7=7*8:198=8-4<*)=9-&9=(425&7.3,='49-=8&251.3,=,*&78`='43,4=8&251.3,=4;*7*89.2&9*)= 9-*=&':3)&3(*=4+=9-*=5&7&1&7;&*=+4:3)=&9=9-*='4=42=1&>*7=2*=+47=O(945:8=;:1,&7.8`=.2= +47=8*5.41.)8=&3)=-,=141.,.3.)8`='*(&:8*=2489=4+=9-*=&3.2&18=<*7*=(411*(9*)=9-74:,-= 9-*=<&9*7=(41:23=&8=9-*='43,4=<*39=)4<3=47=&8(*3)*)=+742=9-*='4=42_=F:79-*7247*`= '43,4=(41:23=8&251*8=(411*(9*)=1*88=(*5-&1454)=5&7&1&7;&*=9-&3=2:19.3*9=&12489=-+8 +41)=+47=O_=;:1,&7.8`=38+41)=+47=141.,.3.)8=&3)=+.8+41)=+47=8*5.41.)8`=,.;*3=9-&9=.9=85*39=1*88= 9.2*=Q=19*7.3,=<&9*7=&9=&=,.;*3=)*59-_ C425&7.843= '*9<**3= 2:19.3*9= 8&251.3,= 897&9*,.*8= 8-4<*)= 9-&9= .+= 431>= 8:7+&(*= &3)= '4=42=<&9*78=&7*=8&251*)=,7*&9=5&79=4+=9-*=&':3)&3(*=.8=:3)*7*89.2&9*)=+18+41)=O_= ;:1,&7.8`=28+41)=L41.,.3.)8`=08+41)=8*5.41.)8=&3)=-8+41)=422&897*5-.)8`='*(&:8*=2489=4+= 9-*=5&7&1&7;&*=<*7*=.3=9-*=(41:23 A5&79= +742= *3;.7432*39&1= (43).9.438= 9-&9= 2&>= 2&80= 9-*= &':3)&3(*`= 9-*= 897&9.Q=*)= 8&251.3,=897&9*,>=<.9-=9-*=2:19.3*9=.8=9-*=2489=&((:7&9*=,*&7`=,.;.3,=9-*='*89=;*79.(&1= 7*841:9.43`=&;4.).3,=:3)*7*89.2&9.438_
T+-_P- THE=RARE=BECOMES=USUALa=NEW=OCCURRENCES=OF=BIFLAGELLATE= SPERMATOZOA=IN=CEPHALOPODA M&7(*14=R4)7.,:*8+`,`=V.(947.&34=U7,477.-`=J*8:8=S_=T743(484, +U3.;*78.9>=4+=I338'7:(0`=I389.9:9*=4+=Z4414,>_=A:897.&=2&7(*14_74)7.,:*8 :.'0_&(_&9 ,D*5&79&2*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=A3.2&1=B.414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=M&7.3*=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.,4`=S5&.3 -E89&(.3=)*=B.414=c&=M&7.&=)&=G7&&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=S5&.3 T+- U197&897:(9:7&1=89:).*8=4+=(*5-&1454)=85*72=2475-414,>=-&;*=8-4<3=9-&9=85*72&94?4&= (&3= '*= (438.)*7*)= .25479&39= (-&7&(9*78= +47= 5->14,*3*9.(= 89:).*8_= I9= <&8= 1&7,*1>= 57*).(9*)= 9-&9= 9-*= (*5-&1454)= 85*72&94?443= 5488*88*8= 9-*= <*118034<3= ).8548.9.43= 4+= &(74842*`= 3:(1*:8= &3)= R=&,*11:2_= W-*7*&8= 9-*7*= &7*= &= <.)*= 7&3,*= 4+= &(74842&1= &3)=3:(1*&7=2475-414,.*8`=9-*=R=&,*11:2=.8=2:(-=8.251*7=<.9-=9-*=3=(=,=:3.R=&,*11&7= &=43*2*_=R*(*391>=<*7*=+4:3)=9-7**=8*5.41.)=86:.)=85*(.*8=S*5.41&=&91&39.(&`=E:57>23&= 8(4145*8`=&3)=E:57>23&=9&82&3.(&=9-&9=5488*88='.R=&,*11&9*=85*72&94?4&_=T-*=&.2=4+=9-.8= <470=.8=94=&))=3*<=4((:77*3(*=4+='.R=&,*11&9*=85*72&94?4&=.3=C*5-&1454)&_=W*=-&)= (411*(9*)= 9-*= 85*(.*8= R43)*1*9.41&= 2.347= &3)= S*5.*=&= 3*,1*(9&= '>= '4=42= 97&<1.3,= 4;*7= 9-*= Q=8-*7.*8= '&30= A= S*1;&= NW=A91&39.(_= E1*(9743= 2.(748(45>= 9*(-3.6:*8= &114<*)= 85*72&94?4&=:197&897:(9:7*=&3&1>8.8=4+=R_=2.347=&3)=S_=3*,1*(9&_=B49-=4+=9-*2=8-4<=9-*= 8&2*=2475-414,.(&1=897:(9:7*`=5488*88.3,='.R=&,*11&9*=2&9:7*=85*72&94?4&=*=-.'.9.3,= 9-*=9>5.(&1=&=43*2&=3(,`=<.9-=34=&(74842&1=,1&3)_=T-.8=4'8*7;&9.43=.8=.3=&,7**2*39= <.9-=9-*=2475-414,>=+4:3)=.3=S_=&91&39.(&`=E_=8(4145*8=&3)`=E_=9&82&3.(&`=':9=(4397&898=<.9-= 49-*7= 034<3= (*5-&1454)= 85*(.*8= <.9-= :3.R=&,*11&9*= 85*72&94?4&`= <-.(-= 5488*88= 9-*= &(74842&1=,1&3)`=.3(1:).3,=49-*7=8*5.41.)=86:.)=85*(.*8_=T-*=85*72&94?4&=+4:3)=-*7*= 5488*88= 9<4= 97.51*9= (*397.41*8= 548.9.43*)= <.9-.3= 9-*= 3:(1*&7= .3;&,.3&9.43= <-*7*= *&(-= R=&,*11:2=47.,.3&9*8a=*&(-=.8=-&73*88*)=94=9-*=51&82&=2*2'7&3*='>=&=2*2'7&3*=80.79_= M.(749:':1*8=&7*=&77&3,*)=5&7&11*1=94=9-*=85*72=143,.9:).3&1=&=.8_=T-*=:197&897:(9:7*= &55*&78= .39*72*).&9*= '*9<**3= 9-*= 57.2.9.;*= N&:9.14.)*&= 85*72= 9>5*= &3)= 24)*73= ,2* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
C41*4.)*&_=T-.8=4'8*7;&9.43=.251.*8=2:19.51*=.3)*5*3)*39=*;41:9.43&7>=*;*398=4+='49-= '.R=&,*11&9*=&3)=:3.R=&,*11&9*=85*72_=T-:8`=85*72=2475-414,>=8**28=247*=7*1&9*)=94= +*79.1.?&9.43=&)&59&9.43=9-&3=5->14,*3>_
T+-_P. MOLECULAR=SYSTEMATICS=AND=ECOLOGY=OF=GRANELEDONE= FAMILY=MEGALELEDONIDAE=AND=OTHER=DEEP8WATER=OCTOPUSES A_=L4:.8*=A11(4(0+`=V1&).2.7=L&59.0-4;80>,`=J&3*9=V4.,-9-`=P*9*7=S2.9-.`=D.70=S9*.30*/`= J&3=M_=S97:,3*110 +N&9.43&1=U3.;*78.9>=4+=I7*1&3)`=G&1<&>`=U3.;*78.9>=R4&)`=G&1<&>`=I7*1&3)=14:.8*_&11(4(0 ,2&.1_(42 ,F&101&3)=I81&3)=F.8-*7.*8=D*5&792*39`=P_O_=B4==/32`=S9&31*>=F1QQ=+ZZ`F&101&3)=I81&3)8= ;1&59.0-4;80> Q=8-*7.*8_,4;_\= -D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*8`=F.*1)=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=+.**=S_=L&0*=S-47*=D7.;*`=C-.(&,4`= IL=0*0*/8,.30=USA=/;4.,-9 Q=*1)2:8*:2_47, .N&9.43&1=I389.9:9*=4+=W&9*7=]=A92485-*7.(=R*8*&7(-=L9)`=H&2.1943`=N*<=Z*&1&3) /U3.;*78.9>=4+=G:*15-`=C&3&).&3=C*397*=+47=DNA=B&7(4).3,`=/*=S943*=R4&)=E&89`=G:*15-`= ON=N+G=,W+`=C&3&)&=)89*.30* :4,:*15-_(& 0L&=T74'*=U3.;*78.9>`=S(-441=4+=M41*(:1&7=S(.*3(*8`=D*5&792*39=4+=G*3*9.(8`=L&=T74'*=I389.9:9*=+47= M41*(:1&7=S(.*3(*`=M*1'4:73*=V.(947.&=-*20=A:897&1.&=J_S97:,3*11 1&974'*_*):_&: W*=57*8*39=241*(:1&7=)&9&=.3;*89.,&9.3,=9-*=5->14,*3*9.(=7*1&9.438-.58=4+=G7&3*1*)43*`= T*97&(-*1*)43*`= V488*1*)43*= &3)= P7&*&19:8_= U8.3,= Q=;*= 2.94(-43)7.&1= &3)= 9-7**= 3:(1*&7= ,*3*8`=<*=8-4<=9-&9=T*97&(-*1*)43*=&3)=P7&*&19:8=&7*=/:3.47=8>343>28=4+=G7&3*1*)43*_=A= 8-479=7*,.43=4+=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1=+,S=,*3*=<&8=8*6:*3(*)=+742=V488*1*)43*=&3)`='&8*)= 43=9-*=1.2.9*)=&;&.1&'1*=8*6:*3(*=)&9&`=.9=8**28=9-&9=9-.8=,*3:8=.8=&184=&=/:3.47=8>343>2= 4+=G7&3*1*)43*_=A)).9.43&11>=<*=57*8*39=DNA='&7(4)*=)&9&=+742=&=0/.='&8*=5&.7=7*,.43= 4+=2.94(-43)7.&1=(>94(-742*=4=.)&8*=8:':3.9=+=COI=+742=3*&71>=+**=.3).;.):&18=4+= T+- G7&3*1*)43*`=T-&:2*1*)43*`=M*,&1*1*)43*=&3)=V*14)43&_=T-*8*=7*;*&1=:3)*8(7.'*)=85*(.*8= 4+= T-&:2*1*)43*_= A)).9.43&11>= &= 89&9.89.(&1= 5&78.243>= &3&1>8.8= 51&(*8= G7&3*1*)43*= ;*77:(48&`= G_= 5&(.Q=(&`= G_= '47*45&(.Q=(&= &3)= P7&*&19:8= 5&7&1'.)&= &8= <*11= &8= 85*(.2*38= 4+= G7&3*1*)43*= +742= 9-*= F&101&3)= I81&3)8= &3)= S4:9-= G*47,.&= 57*;.4:81>= .)*39.Q=*)= &8= G7&3*1*)43*=85_=.3=&=8.3,1*=-&5149>5*=3*9<470`=8:,,*89.3,=247*=)*9&.1*)=.3;*89.,&9.438= 4+= 7*1&9.438-.58= &243,= 9-*8*= 5:9&9.;*= 85*(.*8= &7*= 7*6:.7*)_= O:7= )&9&= (43Q=72= 9-*= (.7(:2&39&7(9.(=).897.':9.43=4+=M*,&1*1*)43*=8*9*'48_ ABSTRACTS ,2+
T+. TAXONOMY=AND=ECOLOGY=OF=FRESHWATER=MOLLUSKS= IN=THE=MOLECULAR=AGE M&=.2=V.3&780. M:8*:2=4+=S.'*7.&3=A6:&9.(=M411:808`=O280=S9&9*=P*)&,4,.(&1=U3.;*78.9>`=R:88.&3=F*)*7&9.43======7&).=_;.3&780. ,2&.1_(42 T-*= 7*(*39= 97.:25-= 4+= 241*(:1&7= 2*9-4)8= .3= 5->14,*3*9.(8= &3)= *(414,.(&1= 89:).*8= -&8= .3R=:*3(*)= ,7*&91>= ;.79:&11>= &11= 85-*7*8= 4+= ?4414,.(&1= *=5*79.8*_= U8.3,= 4+= ).;*78*= 241*(:1&7= 94418= -&8= '*(&2*= 89&3)&7)= +47= 2&1&(414,>`= 944_= O;*7= &= 143,= 5*7.4)`= 9-*= +7*8-<&9*7=2411:808=9&=4342>=<&8='&8*)=&12489=*=(1:8.;*1>=:543=2&(742475-414,.(&1= 97&.98=.3(1:).3,=(-&7&(9*78=4+=8-*11`=7&):1&`=,*3.9&18=&3)=84=43_=N4<=.9=.8=&=9.2*=94=).8(:88= -4<=)**51>=9-*=(1&88.(&1=&5574&(-*8=<*7*=(-&3,*)=8.3(*=9-*= 241*(:1&7=7*;41:9.43=.3= 9&=4342>=-&8=89&79*)_=I8=9-*7*=&=5488.'.19>=94=(7*&9*= .39*,7&9.;*=8>89*28=4+=1&7,*89=9&=&= 4+=+7*8-<&9*7=2411:808=U3.43.)&*`=S5-&*7..)&*`=V.;.5&7.)&*`=L>23&*.)&*`=P1&347'.)&*= 94= 8945= *3)1*88= ).8(:88.438= 43= 85*(.*8= (43(*598= +47= +7*8-<&9*7= 83&.18= &3)= '.;&1;*8= W-&9=&7*=9-*=(438*6:*3(*8=4+=8:(-=241*(:1&7.?&9.43=+47=9-*=(1&88.Q=(&9.43=4+=9-*=9&=&= &'4;*=85*(.*8=1*;*1=A7*=9-*7*= (7>59.(=241*(:1&7=85*(.*8=&243,=+7*8-<&9*7=2411:808= A349-*7=.25479&39=85-*7*=4+=.3;*89.,&9.43=.8=84=(&11*)= 241*(:1&7=*(414,>_=T-*7*=&7*= 2&3>=<&>8=4+=&551.(&9.43=4+=241*(:1&7=94418=94=2411:8(&3=*(414,>=&3)=.9=.8=.39*7*89.3,= 94=8**=-4<=2:(-=574,7*88=-&8='**3=2&)*=.3=4:7=:3)*789&3).3,=4+=545:1&9.43=897:(9:7*= 4+=+7*8-<&9*7=2411:808`=9-*.7=2.,7&9.43=&3)=.3;&8.438`='.49.(=.39*7&(9.438=&3)=84=43_
T+._O+ CUTTING=THE=GORDIAN=KNOT=OF=NOMENCLATURE=:= HOW=TO=DEAL=WITH=OLD=NAMES G*7-&7)=H&8?57:3&7= D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>=II=&3)=G*4B.48C*39*7=4+=9-*=L:)<.,8M&=.2.1.&38U3.;*78.9>=M:3.(-`= SNSB8Z4414,.(&1=S9&9*=C411*(9.43=M:3.(-`=M:*3(--&:8*3897&88*=,+`=D82+,.1=M:3.(-`=G*72&3>======T+. -&8?. ?82_2<3_)*= S5*(.*8=)*1.2.9&9.438=&7*=,*3:.3*=8(.*39.Q=(=->549-*8*8`=<-.(-=34<&)&>8=(&3=&3)=8-4:1)= '*=.2574;*)='>=(438.)*7.3,=&=2&=.2:2=4+=)&9&=Q=*1)=.3=9-*=8*38*=4+=&3=.39*,7&9.;*= 9&=4342>_= A((47).3,1>`= 85*(.*8= )*1.2.9&9.438= &7*= 34= 8&(7*)= &(9.438= ':9= 7*57*8*39= 7*,:1&7= 8(.*39.Q=(= <470_= O3= 9-*= 43*= -&3)= 9-*>= 8-4:1)= '*= (.9*)= &8= 8:(-= 1.0*= &11= 49-*7= 8(.*39.Q=(=->549-*8*8_=O3=9-*=49-*7=-&3)`=-4<*;*7`=9-*7*=.8=34=8(.*39.Q=(=3**)=4+=85*(.&1= 5749*(9.43=4+=.38:T==(.*39=47=*;*3=*7743*4:8=->549-*8*8_= W-*7*&8=9-*=2*9-4)414,>=4+=&3&1>8*8=-&8='**3=8:'89&39.&11>=.2574;*)=):7.3,=9-*=1&89= >*&78`=9-*=342*3(1&947.(&1=3&2.3,=&85*(98=:8:&11>=&7*=*39.7*1>=.,347*)=.3=7*85*(9.;*= *=&251*8_=T>5.(&11>`=&V=*7=.3+*77.3,=(7>59.(=85*(.*8`=&:9-478=&7*=+&(*)=<.9-=&=1&7,*=3:2'*7= 4+=41)=3&2*8=.3=9-*=1.9*7&9:7*`=4V=*3=8*;*7*1>=.38:T==(.*391>=)*8(7.'*)=&3)=(4:51*)=<.9-= .3(4251*9*= 47= *;*3= :3034<3= 47= 1&(0.3,= 9>5*= 85*(.2*38_= T-*= +7*8-<&9*7= ,&897454)= +&2.1>=V&1;&9.)&*=8*7;*8=&8=&3=*=&251*=+47=9-*8*=(43).9.438=.3(1:).3,=&'4:9=0*=;&1.)= 85*(.*8=':9=4;*7=,**=3&2*)=*=9&39=9&=&_=P488.'1*=841:9.438=<.9-=&((425&3.*)=574'1*28= &7*=57*8*39*)=&3)=).8(:88*)a=+=C1&88.(`=)*9&.1*)=-.8947.(&1=&3&1>8*8=.3(1:).3,=1.9*7&9:7*= &3)=9>5*=89:).*8=4+=&11=41)=3&2*8=<.11=(&:8*=&=)*1&>=.3=7*8*&7(-=+47=>*&78=&3)=8=247*= 574'1*2&9.(=8=:8:&11>=&7*=349=(43(1:8.;*_=,=A551.(&9.438=4+=5:7*=MOTU=3:2'*78=&7*= ,2, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
).T==(:19=94=(425&7*=<471)<.)*=&3)=<.11=(&:8*=9&=4342.(=(-&48=.3=9-*=+:9:7*_=-=D7&89.(= 7*):(9.43=4+=&;&.1&'1*=9&=&=):*=94=.38:T==(.*39=)*8(7.59.43=<.11=3**)=2&3>=)*(.8.438=4+= 9-*=N42*3(1&9:7*=C422.88.43`=&,&.3=.8=;*7>=9.2*8(438:2.3,`=&3)=<.11='1&2*=9-*=41)= &:9-47.9.*8_=.=A)=-4(=*7*(9.43=4+=3*<=85*(.*8=3&2*8=(&:8*8=9-*=)&3,*7=4+=574):(.3,= 8>343>28_ I3=(43(1:8.43=85*(.2*38=+742=9>5*=14(&1.9.*8=8-4:1)='*=.3(47547&9*)=&8=+&7=&8=5488.'1*= 94=(1*&7=:5=9-*=47.,.3&1=3&2*=&243,=85*(.*8=(1&)*8_=C43(*73.3,=41)`=5488.'1*=8>343>28= 3*<=3&2*8=&7*=(438.)*7*)=&8=9-*='*89=&;&.1&'1*=841:9.43=:3)*7=9-*=,.;*3=(.7(:289&3(*8_=
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T+._O. INCONGRUENCE=BETWEEN=MTDNA=AND=NUCLEAR=DATA=IN=THE= FRESHWATER=MUSSEL=GENUS=CYPROGENIA=BIVALVIAa=UNIONIDAE J*7=P.3=C-43,+`=J4-3=L_=H&77.8,`=K*;.3=J_=R4*+ +D*5&792*39=4+=N&9:7&1=R*84:7(*=E(414,>=&3)=M&3&,*2*39`=I4<&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=A2*8` IA=/**++`=USA=/(-43, .&89&9*_*):`=0/74* .&89&9*_*): ,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=A70&38&8=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=J43*8'474`=AR=1,.*+`=USA======42.'4' &41_(42 I)*39.+>.3,=&557457.&9*=9&=4342.(=47=*;41:9.43&7.1>=8.,3.Q=(&39=:3.98=.8=&=(-&11*3,.3,= ':9= (7:(.&1= 89*5= +47= )*;*145.3,= (438*7;&9.43= 897&9*,.*8= +47= +7*8-<&9*7= 2:88*18`= 9-*= 2489= *3)&3,*7*)= +&:3&= .3= N479-= A2*7.(&_= R*(*39= 89:).*8= -&;*= 8-4<3= 9-&9= 2:88*1= ,2. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
85*(.*8=)*8.,3&9*)='>=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78=&143*=&7*=349=&1<&>8=(43,7:*39=<.9-= *;41:9.43&7>=1.3*&,*8=.)*39. =*)=:8.3,=241*(:1&7=2&70*78_=F47=*=&251*`=:3)*7=7*(*39= 9&=4342>=C>574,*3.&=85*(.2*38=+4:3)=<*89=4+=9-*=M.88.88.55.=R.;*7=-&;*='**3=&8(7.'*)= 94=C>574,*3.&=&'*79.=C437&)=+2/*`=&3)=85*(.2*38=+4:3)=*&89=4+=9-*=M.88.88.55.=R.;*7=-&;*= '**3=.)*39. =*)=&8=C>574,*3.&=89*,&7.&=R& =3*86:*=+2,*`=&19-4:,-=8-*118=2475-414,.(&11>= 7*8*2'1.3,='49-=85*(.*8=-&;*='**3=+4:3)=94=(484((:7=.3=842*=89&9*8_=P7*;.4:8=241*(:1&7= 89:).*8=:8.3,=2.94(-43)7.&1=DNA=8*6:*3(*8=.3).(&9*)=9-&9='49-=C_=&'*79.=&3)=C_=89*,&7.&= &7*= 349= 7*(.574(&11>= 24345->1*9.(= ,74:5`= 8:,,*89.3,= 9-&9= 9-*= ,*3:8= C>574,*3.&= .8= .3= 3**)= 4+= &= 2&/47= 8>89*2&9.(= 7*;.8.43_= T-.8= 89:)>= +4(:8*8= 43= :8.3,= 2.94(-43)7.&1= &3)= 2.(748&9*11.9*=)&9&=94=7*;.*<=9-*=)*1.3*&9.43=4+=9-*=9<4=C>574,*3.&=85*(.*8_=W*=(411*(9*)= +-,= C_= &'*79.= &3)= .1= C_= 89*,&7.&= +742= +4:7= 89&9*8= 8:774:3).3,= 9-*= M.88.88.55.= 7.;*7_=A= 7*,.43=4+=9-*=2.94(-43)7.&1=ND+=,*3*=<&8=8*6:*3(*)=94=*=&2.3*=7&3,*8<.)*=,*3*9.(= ;&7.&9.43=+47=9-*8*=(7>59.(=85*(.*8_=W*=&184=:8*)=3=2.(748&9*11.9*=2&70*78=94=*89.2&9*= ,*3*9.(= 897:(9:7*= &3)= ,*3*= R=4<= &243,= 545:1&9.438_= B&>*8.&3= &3&1>8.8= '&8*)= 43= 9-*= ND+=8*6:*3(*8=.)*39. =*8=9<4=)**51>=).;*7,*39=(1&)*8=9-&9=).S=*7='>=+/_3_=I3).;.):&18= 7*57*8*39*)='>=9-*8*=9<4=29DNA=(1&)*8=4((:7=8>25&97.(&11>=.3=2489=4+=4:7=8&251.3,= 14(&9.438_= I3= (4397&89`= &3&1>8.8= 4+= 2.(748&9*11.9*= ,*349>5*8= 8:554798= 7*(4,3.9.43= 4+= 9-7**=&1145&97.(=(1:89*78=9-&9=7*R=*(9=9-*=5&=*73=4+=2&/47=->)7414,.(='&8.38=8**3=.3=49-*7= &6:&9.(=47,&3.828_=T-*=4'8*7;*)=.3(43,7:*3(*='*9<**3=29DNA=&3)=2.(748&9*11.9*=)&9&= 2&>='*=*=51&.3*)='>=8*;*7&1=+&(9478=.3(1:).3,=.3(4251*9*=1.3*&,*=8479.3,=47=&3(*897&1= ->'7.).?&9.43_=T-*8*=7*8:198=-.,-1.,-9=9-*=549*39.&1=574'1*28=4+=7*1>.3,=43=&=8.3,1*=14(:8= 2&70*7=8:(-=&8=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*3*8=+47=)*1.3*&9.3,=85*(.*8_
T+-_O/ GENETIC=VARIATION`=POPULATION=STRUCTURE`=AND=PATTERNS= OF=POST8GLACIAL=COLONIZATION=FOR=UNIONIDAE= IN=THE=NORTH=AMERICAN=GREAT=LAKES D&;.)=T_=Z&3&=&`=J*33.+*7=L_=B*7,3*7`=A3)7*<=T_=H&77.8`=P-.1.5=T_=M&9-.&8`= M&7.&-=W_=S(4= T+. I389.9:9*=+47=G7*&9=L&0*8=R*8*&7(-`=B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=C*397&1=M.(-.,&3=U3.;*78.9>`=M4:39= P1*&8&39`=MI=USA=.22/3=?&3&9+) (2.(-_*):`='*7,3+/ (2.(-_*):`=&3)7*<_-&77.8 4:_*):`======5-.1.5_2&9-.&8 <>4_,4;`=8(4=,2< (2.(-_*): D*(1.3*8= .3= N479-= A2*7.(&3= :3.43.)= 2:88*1= 545:1&9.438= -&;*= 1*V== 1*= 4+= 85*(.*8= ;:13*7&'1*= 94= *=9.3(9.43_= C439.3:4:8= 545:1&9.43= )*(1.3*8= &8= &= 7*8:19= 4+= 5411:9.43`= -&'.9&9= )*,7&)&9.43`= &3)= .3;&8.;*= 85*(.*8= .3= 9-*= 1&89= (*39:7>= -&;*= 7*8:19*)= .3= &= ).7*= 3**)=+47=(438*7;&9.43=&(9.438b=-4<*;*7`=&=,44)=:3)*789&3).3,=4+=5&=*738=.3=,*3*9.(= 545:1&9.43= 897:(9:7*= 4V=*3= .3-.'.98= (438*7;&9.43= 897&9*,.*8= &3)= 2&3&,*2*39_= T-*= ,*414,.(&11>=>4:3,=(&_=+/`***=>_4_=L&:7*39.&3=G7*&9=L&0*8=&7*=9-*=1&7,*89=+7*8-<&9*7= 8>89*2=.3=9-*=<471)=&3)=-&'.9&9=+47=.1=4+=9-*=5-**=85*(.*8=4+=N479-=A2*7.(&3=:3.43.)8_== S42*=.25479&39=->549-*8.?*)=74:9*8=4+=*397>=+47=&6:&9.(=47,&3.828=.394=G7*&9=L&0*8=&9= 9-*=*3)=4+=9-*=W.8(438.3=,1&(.&9.43=.3(1:)*a=+=9-*=W&'&8-8M&:2**=85.11<&>=&3)=9-*= C-.(&,48I11.34.8=R.;*7=85.11<&>=(433*(9.3,=*&71>=1&0*8=E7.*=&3)=M.(-.,&3`=7*85*(9.;*1>`= 94=9-*=M.88.88.55.=R.;*7=<&9*78-*)=&3)=,=&=(433*(9.43='*9<**3=*&71>=L&0*=O39&7.4= &3)= 9-*= M4-&<0= R.;*7= )7&.3.3,= 94= H:)843= R.;*7= &3)= 9-*=A91&39.(= O(*&3_= W*= -&;*= 9*89*)=9-*8*=->549-*8*8=&3)=(425&7*)=9-*=54898,1&(.&1=47.,.38=4+=Q=;*=+7*8-<&9*7=2:88*1= 85*(.*8=.3=9-*=G7*&9=L&0*8='&8.3=Q:&)7:1&=6:&)7:1&`=L&258.1.8=(&7).:2`=L&82.,43&=(489&9&`= ABSTRACTS ,2/
V*3:89&(43(-&=*11.58.+472.8`=&3)=L.,:2.&=3&8:9&_==N:(1*&7=2.(748&9*11.9*=DNA=2&70*78= <*7*= ,*349>5*)= 47= +7&,2*398= 4+= 2.94(-43)7.&1= DNA= <*7*= 8*6:*3(*)= 94= &3&1>?*= 9-*=,*3*9.(=).;*78.9>=&3)=897:(9:7*=4+=9-*8*=:3.43.)8=.3=9-*=G7*&9=L&0*8=&3)='*>43)_== P&=*738= 4+= ,*3*9.(= ).;*78.9>= &3)= 545:1&9.43= 897:(9:7*= <*7*= .39*757*9*)= <.9-= 7*85*(9= 94= 74:9*8= 4+= 54898,1&(.&1= (4143.?&9.43_= O:7= Q=3).3,8= .3).(&9*= 9-&9= 9-*= 5&=*73= 4+= 54898 ,1&(.&1=(4143.?&9.43=;&7.*8=&243,=85*(.*8=<.9-=842*=*39*7.3,=;.&=842*=85*(.*8=8-4<.3,= *;.)*3(*=4+=*397>=;.&=8.3,1*=74:9*8=Q_=6:&)7:1&`=V_=*11.58.+472.8`=&3)=L_=3&8:9&=&3)=49-*78= 8-4<.3,=5&=*738=(438.89*39=<.9-=*397>=;.&=2:19.51*=74:9*8=L_=(&7).:2=&3)=L_=(489&9&_== U3)*789&3).3,= 9-*8*= 5&=*738= +47= :3.43.)8= .3= 9-*= G7*&9= L&0*8= <.11= -*15= +472:1&9*= *;41:9.43&7.1>=84:3)=2&3&,*2*39=,:.)*1.3*8=&3)=574;.)*=.38.,-9=+47=&:,2*39.3,=&3)= 7*8*89&'1.8-.3,=545:1&9.438=4+=85*(.*8=4+=(438*7;&9.43=(43(*73_
T+._O0 DO=CONSERVATION=EFFORTS=REALLY=TARGET= THE=MOST=VULNERABLE=TAXA=A=VIEW=FROM=EUROPE V.3(*39=P7.S M:8S:2=N&9.43&1=)H.894.7*=N&9:7*11*`=UMR=1+-2=S>89S2&9.6:*`=A)&59&9.43`=É;41:9.43`=.-=R:*= C:;.*7`=P&7.8`=1/**/`=F7&3(*=;57.* 23-3_+7 N432&7.3*= 2411:8(8= &7*= &243,89= 9-*= 2489= .25*7.1*)= &3.2&18_= W-*3= .9= (42*8= 94= .3;*79*'7&9*8`=(438*7;&9.43=*S=4798=7*;41;*=&=-&3)+:1=4+=85*(.*8`=<-.(-=&7*=574249*)=&8= '*.3,=0*>8943*`=R=&,8-.5=47=:2'7*11&=85*(.*8_=H4<=8:((*88+:1=-&8=9-.8=897&9*,>='**3=94= (438*7;*=9-*=+7*8-<&9*7=2411:808=4+=E:745* T<4=85*(.*8=,:.1)8=89&3)=4:9=&8=9-*=2489=;:13*7&'1*a=:3.434.)='.;&1;*8`='*(&:8*=4+=9-*.7= (4251*==1.+*=(>(1*=&3)=-.,-=8*38.9.;.9>=94=<&9*7=6:&1.9>b=&3)=->)74'.4.)=83&.18`='*(&:8*= 4+=9-*.7=7*897.(9*)=7&3,*8=&3)=89*34*(.4:8=*(414,>_= F7&3(*=.8=-42*=94=*1*;*3=U3.434.)=85*(.*8`=9-7**=4+=9-*2='*.3,=1.89*)=.3=9-*=E:745*&3= H&'.9&9= &3)= S5*(.*8= D.7*(9.;*= &3)= 5749*(9*)= '>= 9-*= F7*3(-= 1&<_= T<4= 4+= 9-*2= &7*= <.)*857*&)= E:745*&3= 85*(.*8_= A243,89= 9-*= +3+= F7*3(-= ->)74'.4.)8`= ++1= *3)*2.(= 85*(.*8= -&;*= '**3= *;&1:&9*)= '>= 9-*= IUCN= .3= ,*++`= 7*;*&1.3,= &'4:9= -&1+= 4+= 9-*2= &7*= T+. 9-7*&9*3*)_=P&7&)4=.(&11>`=43=9-*=,+=->)74'.4.)=5749*(9*)=85*(.*8`=431>=.=&7*=9-7*&9*3*)= &3)=++=-&;*='**3=(&9*,47.?*)=&8=1*&89=(43(*73*)_=N43*=&7*=1.89*)=.3=9-*=E:745*&3= D.7*(9.;*_ A3=&3&1>8.8=4+=9-*=*(4342.(8=4+=+7*8-<&9*7=2411:8(&3=(438*7;&9.43=8-4<8=9-&9=*S=4798= &7*= :3'&1&3(*)= &3)= )4= 349= 9&7,*9= 9-*= 2489= .25*7.1*)= 85*(.*8_= T-*= +7*8-<&9*7= 5*&71= 2:88*1= M&7,&7.9.+*7&= 2&7,&7.9.+*7&= -&8= '*(42*= &= 7*2&70&'1*= R=&,8-.5= 85*(.*8a= .9= &143*= (411*(98= 2*= 4+= (438*7;&9.43= ':),*98= &114(&9*)= 94= 2411:808_= H4<*;*7`= .9= .8= &7,:&'1>= &=5447=:2'7*11&=85*(.*8`=&8=.98=-&'.9&9=.8=3&9:7&11>=85*(.*885447_=B>=(4397&89`=24)*73= 241*(:1&7=8>89*2&9.(8=&7*=7*;*&1.3,=;&1.)=85*(.*8=4+=:3.434.)8=9-&9=7*2&.3=4:98.)*=9-*= 1*,&1=(438*7;&9.43=&,*3)&_=T-*=->)74'.4.)8=-&;*=&3=*;*3=<478*=)*89.3>_=H&7)=94=8**`= ).T==(:19= 94= .)*39.+>`=9-*>= &7*= &3>9-.3,= ':9= (-&7.82&9.(_= T-*.7= *3;.7432*39= .8= 54471>= 034<3=&3)=9-*=0*>8943*=85*(.*8=(43(*59=)4*8=349=&551>=*.9-*7_=A8=&=(438*6:*3(*`=&3)= .3=85.9*=4+=9-*=*=.89.3,=7*,:1&947>=+7&2*<470`=9-*>=&7*=.,347*)='>=9-*=2&3&,*78=&3)= (438*7;&9.43= &,*3(.*8_= D*85.9*= 9-*= (:77*39= 7*,:1&947>= +7&2*<470`= <*= <.11= (439.3:*= 1448.3,=9-*=E:745*&3=+7*8-<&9*7=2411:808_ ,20 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+._O1 FRESHWATER=GASTROPOD=DIVERSITY=OF=EUROPEAN=LAKE=SYSTEMS= OVER=THE=LAST=,-=MILLION=YEARS=8=STATE=OF=THE=ART=AND=OUTLOOK T-42&8=A_=N*:'&:*7`=M&9-.&8=H&7?-&:8*7`=O1*,=M&3).(`=E1.8&;*9=G*47,454:14:`= A3)7*&8=K74- G*414,.(&18P&1*439414,.(&1=D*5&792*39`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2=V.*33&`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=V.*33&`= A:897.&=9-42&8_3*:'&:*7 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=2&9-.&8_-&7?-&:8*7 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`= 41*,_2&3).( 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`=*1.8&;*9_,*47,454:14: 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`= &3)7*&8_074- 3-28<.*3_&(_&9 M47*= 9-&3= 43*= 9-4:8&3)= ,&897454)= 85*(.*8= &7*= (:77*391>= 034<3= +47= E:745*&3= +7*8-<&9*7=8>89*28_=A5&79=+742=+&:3&1=1.898=&3)=&=+*<=,*3*7&1=4;*7;.*<8`=89:).*8=43= 9-*=8).;*78.9.*8=4+=E:745*&3=+7*8-<&9*7=8>89*28=&3)=9-*=8-.V=.3,='.4).;*78.9>=9-74:,-= 85&(*=&3)=9.2*=&7*=*39.7*1>=2.88.3,_=F47=+488.1=&88*2'1&,*8`='.4).;*78.9>=*89.2&9*8=&7*= 1.0*<.8*=8(&7(*=&3)=:8:&11>=7*897.(9*)=94=82&11=7*,.438_=I3=2&3>=(&8*8`=*;*3=85*(.*8=1.898= )4=349=*=.89=&3)=&7*=-&7)=94=*=97&(9=+742=9-*=1.9*7&9:7*_ T-*=57*8*39=574/*(9=.8=&.2*)=&9=(425.1.3,=+7*8-<&9*7=,&897454)=+&:3&1=)&9&=+742=9-*= -:,*=&24:39=4+=*=.89.3,=<4708_=T-*=8).;*78.9>=4+=8*;*7&1=-:3)7*)=24)*73=&3)=+488.1= E:745*&3=1&0*8=<.11='*=*;&1:&9*)=94=574;.)*=&=Q=789=)*9&.1*)=&88*882*39=4+=9-*=+&:3&1= (42548.9.43=):7.3,=9-*=N*4,*3*=&3)=Q:&9*73&7>=&9=85*(.*8`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`=9-*=574/*(9=<.11=8-*)=1.,-9=43=9-*=47.,.3=4+=24)*73=1&0*=+&:3&8='>=9-*= .39*38*=(445*7&9.43='*9<**3=?4414,.898=&3)=5&1*439414,.898_=A=2&/47=&.2=.8=94=2&5=&= 89&9.89.(88'&8*)= P&38E:745*&3= '.4,*4,7&5->= &3)= 5&1&*4'.4,*4,7&5->= 4+= N*4,*3*= 94= T+. Q:&9*73&7>=+7*8-<&9*7=8>89*28_ D&9&= <.11= '*= 2&)*= 5*72&3*391>= &;&.1&'1*= +47= 9-*= 5:'1.(= ;.&= 9-*= F7*8-GEN8)&9&'&8*= F7*8-<&9*7=G&897454)8=4+=9-*=E:745*&3=N*4,*3*_=O3(*=*89&'1.8-*)`=9-.8=)&9&'&8*=<.11= '*=45*3=+47=,*4,7&5-.(=&3)247=897&9.,7&5-.(=*=5&38.43_
T+._O2 MARSUPIAL=MOLLUSCS=AS=MODELS=:EVOLUTIONARY=SYSTEMATICS=OF= AUSTRALIAN=FRESHWATER=GASTROPODS N47&=M&&I`=F7&3(*=G.23.N=`=M&=-.&8=G1&:'7*N=9 +M:8*:2=+37=N&9:70:3)*=B*71.3`=L*.'3.?=I389.9:9*=+47=R*8*&7(-=.3=E;41:9.43=&3)=B.4).;*78.9>= &9=9-*=H:2'41)9=U3.;*78.9>`=I3;&1.)*3897&I*=.-`=+*++/=B*71.3==347&_2&&88 2+38'*71.3_)*`======+7&3(*_,.23.(- 2+38'*71.3_)*`==2&=-.&8_,1&:'7*(-9 2+38'*71.3_)* W-.1*= 2489= 2&7.3*= 2411:8(8= &7*= 4;.5&74:8`= ;.;.5&7.9>= .8= 247*= 4V=*3= +4:3)= &243,= +7*8-<&9*7= ,&897454)8_= A243,= 9-*= 2&78:5.&1= T-.&7.)&*= 4+= A:897&1.&3= 7.;*78= 9<4= ).89.3(9= 7*574):(9.;*= 24)*8= <*7*= 7*(*391>= +4:3)= 94= '*= 7*&1.?*)_= O;48;.;.5&7.9>`=;.?_= 7*1*&8.3,=;*1.,*7=+742=&='744)=54:(-`=(&3='*=+4:3)=.3=431>=9-7**=85*(.*8=+742=9-*=J&7).3.&3= 574;.3(*_=I3=(4397&89`=*:8;.;.5&7.9>`=;.?_=,.;.3,='.79-=94=8-*11*)=/:;*3.1*8`=.8=+4:3)=.3=&11= ABSTRACTS ,21
49-*7=*.,-9=85*(.*8=<.)*1>=).897.':9*)=4;*7=9-*=(439.3*39_=W*=+4(:8=-*7*=43=S*72>1&=&8= &=24)*1=8>89*2=<-.(-=4((:78=.3=A:897&1.&=<.9-=9<4=85*(.*8`=7.6:*9.=&3)=;*3:89:1&`=&3)= .3=<-.(-='49-=;.;.=5&74:8=7*574):(9.;*=24)*8=&7*=7*&1.?*)_=T4=+:79-*7=.3;*89.,&9*=.39*78= &3)=.397&85*(.+(=).S=*7*3(*8=<*=:8*=&=8*9=4+=2475-414,.(&1=94418=*_,_='.42*97>`=,*42*97.(= 2475-42*97.(8= &3)= 241*(:1&7= 9*(-3.6:*8= 29DNA= &3)= AFLP_= T-*= *:8;.;.5&74:8= S_=;*3:89:1&`=<.9-=4((:77*3(*8=7*897.(9*)=94=9-*=3479-*73=574;.3(*8=.3=A:897&1.&`=7*;*&1*)= &=-.,-=5-*349>5.(=51&89.(.9>=.3=.98=(43(-414,>=._*_=8.,3.Q=(&39=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=8-*11=8.?*=&3)= 8-&5*=&3)=9-*.7=7*574=):(9.;*='.414,>_=I3=(4397&89`=S_=7.6:*9.=<.9-=<.)*7=).897.':9.43=&3)= 4((:77*3(*8=2&.31>=.3=S4:9-*&898A8.&`=-&8=&=2:(-=14<*7=)*,7**=4+=.397&85*(.Q=(=;&7.&9.43= 7*,&7).3,=8-*11=8.?*=&3)=8-&5*_=I3=&)).9.43`=<*=+4:3)=.3).;.):&18=+742=9-*=I3)43*8.&3= .81&3)=4+=S:1&<*8.=94=-&;*=8.,3.Q=(&391>='.,,*7=8-*118=&3)=&=).S=*7*39=7*574):(9.;*=897&9*,>= 4;48;.;.5&7.9>_= T-*= 241*(:1&7= &3&1>8*8= :8.3,= 9<4= 29DNA= 2&70*78= COI= &3)= +0S= .)*39.Q=*)=&11=S_=7.6:*9.=9-&9=<*7*=+4:3)=94='*=*:8;.;.5&74:8=&8=8.89*7=9&=43=94=S_=;*3:89:1&`= <-*7*&8=7.6:*9.=+742=S:1&<*8.=<*7*=349=+4:3)=94='*=(148*1>=7*1&9*)_=T-*=AFLP=&3&1>8*8= 4+=S_=;*3:89:1&=7*;*&1*)=-.,-=.397&85*(.Q=(=545:1&9.43=).S=*7*3(*8=&8=<*11=&8=.39*785*(.Q=(= ).S=*7*3(*8= <.9-= S_= 7.6:*9._= T-*= 89:)>`= 9-*7*+47*`= 349= 431>= .3).(&9*8= )7&.3&,*= '&8*)= .397&85*(.Q=(=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=;*3:89:1&=':9`='&8*)=43=241*(:1&7=,*3*9.(8=&3)=7*574):(9.;*= '.414,>`=8:,,*898=9-*=*=.89*3(*=4+=9<4=).89.3(9=1.3*&,*8=<.9-.3=545:1&9.438=8:'8:2*)=94= )&9*=<.9-.3=9-*=9>5*=85*(.*8=S*72>1&=7.6:*9._
T+._O3 THE=STRUCTURE=OF=THE=COPULATORY=APPARATUS=AS=A=TAXONOMIC= TOOL=FOR=BITHYNIID=SNAILS=GASTROPODAa=PECTINIBRANCHIAa= BITHYNIIDAE=OF=WESTERN=SIBERIA S;*91&3&=I_=A3)7*>*;&+`=N.041&>=I_=A3)7*>*;,`=E0&9*7.3&=A_=L&?:90.3&+`= M&=.2=V_=V.3&780.- +O280=S9&9*=M*).(&1=A(&)*2>`=+.=S5&79&04;80&>&=S97_`=O280`=R:88.&=*(41&? 7&2'1*7_7: ,O280=S9&9*=R&.1<&>=U3.;*78.9>`=-/=M&7==A;*`=O280`=R:88.&=3.0&3)7*>*; 2&.1_7: - M:8*:2=4+=S.'*7.&3=A6:&9.(=M411:8(8`=O280=S9&9*=P*)&,4,.(&1=U3.;*78.9>`=+.=T:0-&(-*;804,4=E2'_`= T+. O280`=R:88.&=7&).=_;.3&780. ,2&.1_(42 F.;*= ,*3*7&= 4+= 9-*= +&2.1>= B.9->3..)&*= 57*8*39*)= '>= +-= 85*(.*8= &7*= 7*,.89*7*)= .3= 9-*= W*89*73= S.'*7.&3= <&9*7'4).*8_= T7&).9.43&11>`= 431>= (43(-414,.(&1= 97&.98= <*7*= :8*)= &8=).&,3489.(=9441=+47=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=4+='.9->3..)=83&.18=.3=9-*=7*,.43_=W*=7*5479=842*= .39*7,*3*7.(=&3)=.39*785*(.Q=(=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=9-*=897:(9:7*=4+=9-*=(45:1&947>=47,&3=9-&9= &7*=:8*+:1=&8=&3=&)).9.43&1=2*&38=+47=).&,3489.(8_== G*3:8=B.9->3.&=L*&(-=.3=A'*1*a=5*3.8=8.(01*88-&5*)`=842*<-&9=2&88.;*`=.98=Q=3,*781.0*= 4:9,74<9-=FLO=.8=8.9:&9*)=&5574=.2&9*1>=.3=9-*=2.))1*=4+=9-*=5*3.8_=P*3.8=.8=4+=:3*;*3= <.)9-a=9-*='&8*=4+=5*3.8=.8=2&88.;*=&3)=<.)*`=<-*7*&8=.98=).89&1=*3)=3&774<=&3)=81.,-91>= (:7;*)_= G*3:8=O5.89-47(-45-47:8=B*7.4?0.3&`=L*;.3&=*9=S9&74'4,&94;a=5*3.8=8.(01*88-&5*)`=9-.3`= 4'143,b=.98=<.)9-=7*2&.38=9-*=8&2*=.3=&11=5&798=4+=9-*=47,&3_=I98=).89&1=*3)=54.39*)b=.9=.8= ;*7>=143,=&3)=(:7;*)_=T-*=3&774<=FLO=.8=.3=9-*=14<*7=9-.7)=4+=9-*=47,&3_ G*3:8=D.,>7(.):2=L4(&7)a=5*3.8=8.(01*88-&5*)=&3)=(:7;*)`=<.9-=8-&75=).89&1=*3)_=FLO= .8=51&(*)=3*&7=94=9-*=).89&1=*3)=4+=9-*=47,&3 G*3:8=B47*4*143&=S9&74'4,&94;=*9=S97*1*9?0&/&a=5*3.8=8.(01*88-&5*)`=4+=9-*=8&2*=<.)9-=.3= &11=5&798`=;.8.'1>=54.39*)=3*&7=9-*=).89&1=*3)_=FLO=.8=7*1&9.;*1>=82&11=&8=(425&7*)=94=9-*= 5*3.8=949&1=1*3,9-`=1.*8=3*&7=9-*=5*3.8='&8*_= ,22 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
G*3:8= P&7&*143&=B*7.4?0.3&=*9=S9&74'4,&94;a=2475-414,.(&11>=9-*=5*3.8=.8=8.2.1&7=94=9-&9=4+= B.9->3.&=':9=85*(.*8=4+=9-*=9<4=,*3*7&=2&>='*=*&8.1>=).89.3,:.8-*)='>=9-*.7=(43(-414,.(&1= 97&.98_= T-*=(:77*39=1.89=4+=9-*='.9->3..)=83&.18=4+=9-*=W*89*73=S.'*7.&=.8=&8=+4114<8a B.9->3.&=(:79&=G&73.*7=.3=P.(&7)b=B_=574):(9&=M46:.38T&3)43b=B_=9*39&(:1&9&=Lb=B_=)*(.5.*38= M.11*9b=O5.89-47(-45-47:8='&:)43.&3:8=G&88.*?b=O_=9748(-*1..=P&&8-b=O_=&'&(:24;&*=A3)7**;&= *9=S9&74'4,&94;b=P&7&*143&=84(.&1.8=W*89*71:3)b=P_=2.1&(-*;.9(-.=B*7.4?0.3&=*9=S9&74'4,&94;b= B47*4*143&=8.'.7.(&=W*89*71:3)b=B_=(4394797.==L.3)-412b=D.,>7(.):2='4:7,:.,3&9.=P&1&).1-*`= D_=89&74'4,&94;.=A3)7*>*;&=*9=L&?:90.3&_=
T+._O+* TAXONOMY=AND=ECOLOGY=OF=THE=GENUS=SEMISULCOSPIRA= IN=THE=MOLECULAR=AGE D.&72&.)=Ó=F4.,-.1+`=O8&2:=M.:7&,`=J.3,(-:3=L.+`=S&948-.=K&2.>&- +U3.;*78.9>=4+=M.(-.,&3=M:8*:2=4+=Z4414,>=&3)=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=]=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=++*3=G*))*8= A;*`=A33=A7'47`=MI=.2+*38+*13`=USA=).&72&.) :2.(-_*):`=/.3,(-:3 :2.(-_*): ,O(*&34,7&5->=S*(9.43`=S(.*3(*=R*8*&7(-=C*39*7`=K4(-.=U3.;*78.9>`=,**=M434'*`=N&3040:`=K4(-.=12-82/*,`= J&5&3=2.:7&4 04(-.8:_&(_/5 -I389.9:9*=4+=G*414,>=&3)=P&1*439414,>`=G7&):&9*=S(-441=4+=S(.*3(*`=T4-40:=U3.;*78.9>`=A4'&>&2&`=S*3)&.`======32*82/12=J&5&3=)*(*&8*) T-*= &551.(&9.43= 4+= 241*(:1&7= 2&70*7825->14,*3*9.(8= 94= 9&=4342.(&11>= ).T==(:19= 2411:80= (1&)*8= -&8= .3= 842*= (&8*8= '**3= &3= :36:&1.Q=*)= 8:((*88`= *_,_`= .9= -&8= ,7*&91>= .2574;*)= 4:7= :3)*789&3).3,=4+=4>89*7=8>89*2&9.(8`=9&=4342>=&3)=*(414,>_=T-.8=-&55>=4:9(42*=-&8='**3= 1*88=57*;&1*39=+47=842*=+7*8-<&9*7=83&.1=9&=&=):*=94=*=97&47).3&7>=1*;*18=4+=<.9-.38545:1&9.43= ,*3*9.(=).;*78.9>`=*85*(.&11>=+47=2.94(-43)7.&1=2&70*78`=9-&9=&7*=.3(43,7:*39=<.9-=5-*349>5*8 '&8*)= 9&=4342.*8_= R&9-*7= 9-&3= (1&7.+>.3,= 8>89*2&9.(29&=4342.(= 7*1&9.438-.58`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`=-4<=(&3=<*=(43897:(9=&=2*&3.3,+:1=9&=4342>=:=&= (7.9.(&1=7*6:.7*2*39=+47=7&9.43&1=*(414,.(&1=89:).*8=&3)=(438*7;&9.43=51&33.3,=I38.,-98=+742= &3,.485*72=8>89*2&9.(8=&3)=9&=4342>=574;.)*=842*=:8*+:1=54.39*78_
T+._O++ TAXONOMY=OF=ASOLENE=META=IHERING`=+3+/=AND=ASOLENE=SPIXII= DHORBIGNY`=+2-2=CAENOGASTROPODAa=AMPULLARIIDAE=FROM=BRAZIL A1.3*=G_=S(-.1.9-?+`=K*33*9-=A_=H&>*8,`-`=R4'*79=H_=C4<.*-`=S.1;&3&=C_=T-.*3,4+ +L&'47&97.4=)*=M&1&(414,.&=:=I389.9:94=O8<&1)4=C7:?`=A;_=B7&8.1`=.-0/`=M&3,:.3-48`=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=RJ`=B7&8.1_= ,+*.*8-0*=&1.3*_8 .4(_Q=4(7:?_'7`=89-.*3,4 .4(_Q=4(7:?_'7 ,S2.9-843.&3=I389.9:9.43`=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=W&8-.3,943`=DC`=USA=0-&>*8 -&<&.._*): -C*39*7=+47=C438*7;&9.43`=R*8*&7(-=&3)=T7&.3.3,=:=P&(.Q=(=B.48(.*3(*8=R*8*&7(-=C*39*7=:=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H&<&.._= -*/*=M&.1*=W&>`=G.1247*=.*2`=HI=302,,`=H4341:1:`=H&<&..=(4<.* -&<&.._*): A25:11&7..)&*=&7*=+7*8-<&9*7=83&.18=.3-&'.9.3,=9745.(&1=&3)=8:'9745.(&1=7*,.438=.3=A8.&`= A+7.(&`=&3)=9-*A2*7.(&8_=T-*>=&7*=4V=*3=2&/47=(4389.9:*398=4+=+7*8-<&9*7=*(48>89*28= ABSTRACTS ,23
&3)= 51&>= .25479&39= 741*8= .3= +44)= <*'8_= U3+479:3&9*1>`= 9-*= )*9&.1*)= 2475-414,>= 4+= 2489= &25:11&7..)8= .8= 54471>= 034<3= &3)= 9-*.7= (1&88.Q=(&9.43= .8= '&8*)= 57.2&7.1>= 43= 4V=*3= ;&7.&'1*= 8-*11= (-&7&(9*78`= 7*8:19.3,= .3= 9&=4342.(= (43+:8.43_= A243,= 9-*= +4:7= ,*3*7&=.3=S4:9-=A2*7.(&`=A841*3*=.8=43*=4+=9-*=1*&89=89:).*)_=T4=(1&7.+>=9-*=9&=4342>=4+= A841*3*=2*9&=&3)=A841*3*=85.=..=&3)=574;.)*=&)).9.43&1=)&9&=94=:3)*789&3)=8>89*2&9.(= 7*1&9.438-.58= <.9-.3= 9-*= +&2.1>= <*= &88*88*)= 2475-414,.(&1= &3)= 241*(:1&7= )&9&= +742= 85*(.2*38=(411*(9*)=+742=9<4=545:1&9.438=.3=B7&?.1`=.3(1:).3,=9-*=9>5*=14(&1.9>=4+=A_= 2*9&_=A841*3*=2*9&=.8=7*897.(9*)=94=3479-*&89=B7&?.1=<-.1*=A_=85.=..=-&8=&=<.)*7=).897.':9.43= .3=3479-*73=A7,*39.3&`=U7:,:&>`=P&7&,:&>=&3)=84:9-*73=B7&?.1_=T-*=8-*118=&7*=8.2.1&7= ':9=9-*=&5*79:7*=4+=A_=2*9&=.8=74:3)*)=&3)=.3=A_=85.=..=.9=.8=247*=*143,&9*)_=T-*7*=&7*= &=+*<=&3&942.(&1=).S=*7*3(*8`=57.2&7.1>=.3=9-*=(-&7&(9*78=4+=9-*=0.)3*>=&3)=9-*=5*3.&1= 8-*&9-_=T-*=*143,&9*)=&39*7.47=0.)3*>=.3=A_=2*9&=.8=1&7,*7=9-&3=9-&9=4+=A_=85.=..`=<-.(-= .8=97.&3,:1&7_=T-*=&5.(&1=5*3.8=8-*&9-=,1&3)=.8=1&7,*7=&3)=247*=;41:2.34:8=.3=A_=85.=..`= &19-4:,-= '49-= 85*(.*8= 8-&7*= 9<4= .39*73&1= ,1&3)8= .3= 9-&9= 4((:5>= 8.2.1&7= 548.9.438= 43= 9-*= 8-*&9-_= I3= '49-= 85*(.*8`= 9-*= 74:3)*)`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
T+._O+, DOES=ECOPHENOTYPIC=PLASTICITY=OBSCURE=EVOLUTIONARY=HISTORY= RELATIONSHIPS=OF=NEARCTIC=STAGNICOLA=GASTROPODAa=LYMNAEIDAE= USING=GEOMETRIC=MORPHOMETRIC=AND=PHYLOGENETIC=METHODS S&2&39-&=L_=F14<*78 D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M.(-.,&3`=+*+3=R:9-;*3=M:8*:2`= ++*3=G*))*8=A;*`=A33=A7'47=MI=.2+*3=81R=4< :2.(-_*): T+. E(45-*349>5.(=51&89.(.9>=.8=5*7;&8.;*=<.9-.3=+7*8-<&9*7=2411:808`=>*9=.98=7*1&9.438-.5= 94= *;41:9.43&7>= -.8947>= <.9-.3= 5:1243&9*= ,&897454)= 9&=&= .8= 1&7,*1>= 89.11= :3034<3_= W.9-.3= N*&7(9.(= 7*,.438`= 57.47= .25&(98= 4+= P1*.894(*3*= ,1&(.&9.438= (&:8*)= *=9*38.;*= &3)= +7*6:*39= 7*897:(9:7.3,= 4+= &6:&9.(= *(48>89*28`= 574;.).3,= *=9*38.;*= 455479:3.9.*8= +47= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= &3)= 14(&1= &)&59&9.43= 4+= 1.3*&,*8= .3= 7*+:,.&= &8= <*11= &8= ,*3*= R=4<= ):7.3,= 8*(43)&7>= (439&(9= :543= ,1&(.&1= 7*97*&9_= T-*= ).S=:8*= N*&(79.(= ).897.':9.43= 4+= &= 2475-414,.(&11>= ).;*78*= 2411:8(&3= 8:',*3:8`= S9&,3.(41&= G&897454)&a= L>23&*.)&*`= 574;.)*8=&=:3.6:*=8>89*2=94=*=&2.3*=9-*=*S=*(98=4+=9-*8*=5-*342*3&=43=9-*=241*(:1&7= &3)=2475-414,.(&1=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=4+=N479-=A2*7.(&3=+7*8-<&9*7=85*(.*8_ M41*(:1&7= 5->14,*3*9.(= &3)= ,*42*97.(= 2475-42*97.(= &3&1>8.8= 4+= +-= 545:1&9.438= 4+= 9-7**= N479-= A2*7.(&3= S9&,3.(41&= 85*(.*8= .3).(&9*= 9-&9= <-.1*= 8-*11= 2475-414,>= .8= 89743,1>=(477*1&9*)=<.9-=14(&1.9>=&3)=2475-485*(.*8=9*3)=94=(1:89*7=.3=)*Q=3*)=&7*&8=4+= 2475-485&(*`=9-.8=7*1&9.438-.5=.8=349= 7*R=*(9*)=<.9-.3=9-*=5->14,*3>_=R&9-*7`= 8*;*7&1= ,*3*9.(&11>= ).89.3(9= COI= (1&)*8= 4((:7= <.9-.3= S9&,3.(41&`<.9-= *&(-= (1&)*= (4257.8*)= 4+= ).89.3(9= 2475-485*(.*8= &3)`= .3= 842*= .389&3(*8`= -.,-= )*,7**8= 4+= .397&8545:1&9.43= ).;*7,*3(*_=I3=(4397&89`=3:(1*&7=ITS8+=7*,.438=8-4<=7*1&9.;*1>=1.=1*=).;*7,*3(*='*9<**3= 2475-485*(.*8_= = P&.7*)= '7**).3,= *=5*7.2*398= >.*1)*)= 34= ->'7.).?&9.43= '*9<**3= ,3* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
342.3&1= 2475-485*(.*8_= T-*8*= 7*8:198= .251>= 9-&9= .= 8-*11= 2475-414,>= 4+= S9&,3.(41&= 85*(.*8= .8= 1&7,*1>= *(45-*349>5.(= &3)= &8= 8:(-= 8-*118'&8*)= (-&7&(9*78= &7*= :37*1.&'1*= .3= ).89.3,:.8-.3,=2*2'*78=4+=9-.8=8:',*3:8`=..=7*(:77*39=.3974,7*88.;*=->'7.).?&9.43=-&8= 4((:77*)= '*9<**3= 7*(*391>= ).;*7,*)= 1.3*&,*8`= &3)247= ...= .3(4251*9*= 1.3*&,*= 8479.3,= 4+=-&5149>5*8=8-&7*)=.3=,1&(.&1=7*+:,.&`=&11=4+=<-.(-=-.3)*7=9-*=&'.1.9>=94=).89.3,:.8-= &3)= 7*(43(.1*= 7*1&9.438-.58= &243,= S9&,3.(41&= 85*(.*8= :8.3,= 8.3,1*8,*3*= &5574&(-*8_= O9-*7=241*(:1&7=89:).*8=4+=-*9*74'7&3(-=,&897454)8=7*;*&1=8.2.1&7=97*3)8`=8:,,*89.3,= 9-&9= :3.;*78&1= :3)*71>.3,= 2*(-&3.828= &7*= 7*85438.'1*= +47= 2475-414,.(&1= &3)= ,*4,7&5-.(&1=241*(:1&7=.3(43,7:.9.*8=&8=9-48*=4'8*7;*)=-*7*_=T-*8*=5&=*738=.251>=9-&9= -.8947.(&1=*(414,.(&1=+&(9478=-&;*=)7.;*3=9-*=(:77*39=,*3*9.(=545:1&9.43=897:(9:7*=&3)= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43=5&=*738=4'8*7;*)=.3=8:(-=,74:58_=
T+._O+- CAN=DEER=SPREAD=SNAILS G&'47=M&/4748 D*5&792*39_4+=P&7&8.9414,>=&3)=Z4414,>=F&(:19>=4+=V*9*7.3&7>=S(.*3(*8`=S?*39=I89;@3=U3.;*78.9>`= I89;@3=:_=,`=B:)&5*89=+*12`=H:3,&7>=2&/4748_,&'47 &490_8?.*_-: G&1'&= 97:3(&9:1&= .8= 43*= 4+= 9-*= 2489= .25479&39= +7*8-<&9*7= 83&.18= <-.(-= 2&>= &(9= &8= .39*72*).&9*= -4898= 4+= 247*= 85*(.*8= 4+= 97*2&94)*8= 9-&9= -&;*= 2*).(&1= &3)= ;*9*7.3&7>= .25479&3(*_=I3=H:3,&7>`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`=9-*>=4';.4:81>=3**)=94=7*545:1&9*=7*5*&9*)1>_=AV=*7=1>.3,= 43=9-*=2:)=&3.2&18=(&3=(&77>=9-*=9.3>=G_=97:3(&9:1&=83&.18=+742=43*=5:))1*=94=&349-*7='>= 9-*.7=81455>=+:7_=A8=9-*=)**7=&184=)*+*(&9*=.3=<&114<8=2.7&(.).&=(&3=*&8.1>=)*;*145=&3)= -&9(-=+742=R=:0*8*,,8=.3=9-*.7=)7455.3,8=.38.)*=<&9*7>=851&8-_=I3=9-.8=<&>=)**7=-*15=9-*= *=5&38.43=4+=.39*72*).&9*=-4898=4+=9-*.7=R=:0*8_ ABSTRACTS ,3+
T+._O+. TAXONOMY`=MORPHOLOGY=AND=DISTRIBUTION=OF=ANCYLINAE= GASTROPODAa=PULMONATAa=PLANORBIDAE=IN=ARGENTINA X.2*3&=M&7.&=C4389&3?&=O;&3)4+`=L:.?=E):&7)4=M&(*)4=)*=L&(*7)&,` S43.&=B&7'48&=)48=S&3948, +I389.9:94=)*=B.4).;*78.)&)=N*49745.(&1`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=N&9:7&1*8`=U3.;*78.)&)=N&(.43&1=)*= T:(:2@3`=M.,:*1=L.114=,*/`=CP=.***`=T:(:2@3`=A7,*39.3&==(4+-*- -492&.1_(42 ,U3.;*78.)&)*=)4=E89&)4=)4=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=I389.9:94=)*=B.414,.&=R4'*794=A1(&39&7&=G42*8`=D*5&79&2*394= )*=Z4414,.&`=L&'47&97.4=)*=M&1&(414,.&=Lc23.(&=*=T*77*897*_=R:&=SD4=F7&3(.8(4=X&;.*7`=/,.`=PHLC`=8&1&= ,,.`=CEPa=,*//*83**=1&(*7)&:*7/'.4 >&-44_(42_'7`=,:3)1&(-.& >&-44_(42_'7 T&=4342.(= 89:).*8= 43= A3(>1.3&*`= +7*8-<&9*7= 1.25*98= 9-&9= .3-&'.9= (439.3*39&1= 1.23.(= *3;.7432*398`= &7*= 8(&=*7*)= &3)= 8-4<= &= )*,7**= 4+= 8>89*2&9.(= (43+:8.43= 4+= 85*(.*8= .)*39.Q=(&9.43=.3=A7,*39.3&_=T-*=&.2=4+=9-*=57*8*39=89:)>=.8=94='74&)*3=9-*=.3+472&9.43= 43=2475-414,>=.3=47)*7=94=.2574;*=9&=4342.(=034<1*),*=&3)=94=:5)&9*=).897.':9.43= 4+= 9-*= 85*(.*8`= '&8*)= 43= 1.9*7&9:7*= 7*(47)8`= 7*;.8.43= 4+= 2:8*:2= (411*(9.438= &3)= Q=*1)= 7*8*&7(-_=W*=.)*39.Q=*)=3*<=7*(47)8=&3)=*1*;&9*)=94=8.==9-*=3:2'*7=4+=,*3*7&=034<3= &9=9-*=242*39`=949&1.?.3,=8*;*3=85*(.*8_=S-*11=2475-414,>`=2:8(1*8=8(&78=&3)=7&):1&= ).89.3,:.8-*8= 9-7**= ,74:58= 4+= 1.25*98_= A3(>1.3&*= <.9-= 8-*11= &5*== 43= 9-*= &39*7.47= 7*,.43a=A3&3(>1:8=748&3&*=G:9.*77*?=G7*,47.(`=,*+,b=A3(>1.3&*=<.9-=&3=*1*;&9*)=8-*11a= G:3)1&(-.&= 9.(&,&= M&7(:8= ]= M&7(:8`= +30,`= G_= 7&).&9&= G:.1).3,`= +2,2b= U3(&3(>1:8= (43(*397.(:8=)HO7'.,3>`=+2-/=&3)=A3.8&3(>1:8=4'1.6::8=B74)*7.5=]=S4<*7'>`=+2-,b=&3)= A3(>1.3&*= <.9-= R=&=*3*)= 8-*118aH*'*9&3(>1:8= 247.(&3).= )HO7'.,3>`=+2-1= &3)= F*77.88.&= .7747&9&=G:.1).3,`=+2,2=F*77.88.&=.7747&9&`=47.,.3&11>=)*8(7.'*)=+742=A39.11*8`=.8=+47=9-*= Q=789=9.2*=7*,.89*7*)=94=T:(:2@3=574;.3(*=N479-<*89*73=A7,*39.3&_=G:3)1&(-.&=7&).&9&= .8= 7*897.(9*)= 94= N479-*&89*73= A7,*39.3&= C477.*39*8= 574;.3(*= &3)`= 94,*9-*7= <.9-= F_= .7747&9&= (4:1)= 7*57*8*39= &= 7*(*39= .3974):(9.43_= T-*= 84:9-*732489= 54.39= 4+= 4((:77*3(*= 4+=9-*8*=83&.18=.8=9-*=84:9-<*89*73=4+=R.4=N*,74=574;.3(*_=A3(>1.3&*=&7*=1&(0.3,=+742= 84:9-*732489=*(477*,.438=&8=<*11=&8=9-*=)*8*79.(=P:3&=*(477*,.43=.3=3479-_ F.3&3(.&1= 8:55479a= CNP6= .1002,2,**.8/`= CNP6= P749&== /0,,3+2,*+*8/`= C43.(*92 T+. A7,*39.3&_
T+._O+/ LYMNAEID=TAXONOMY=IN=THE=MOLECULAR=AGEa= ADVANCES=AND=PROSPECTS M&=.2=V_=V.3&780.+`=K&97.3=SN=3.*'8,`=P*9*7=G1*7-`=A33&=K_=H:3)8)4*7+*7, +M:8*:2=4+=S.'*7.&3=A6:&9.(=M411:8(8`=O280=S9&9*=P*)&,4,.(&1=U3.;*78.9>`=N&'*7*?-3&>&= T:0-&N=*;804,4=+.`=0..*33=O280`=R:88.&=7&).=_;.3&780. ,2&.1_(42 ,S*3O=*3'*7,=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=C411*(9.438=D7*8)*3`=M:8*:2=4+=Z4414,>`=K3.,8'73O=*7=L&3)897&I*=+/3`= D8++*3=D7*8)*3`=G*72&3>=K&97.3_SN= 3.*'8 8*3O=*3'*7,_)* -B.4).;*78.9>=R*8*&7N==L&'47&947>`=SN=:1897&88*=-`=D8,/.3+=H*91.3,*3`=G*72&3>=,14**7 2&1&(4_)* T7&).9.43&11>`=9-*=8>89*2=4+=9-*=+&2.1>=L>23&*.)&*=P:1243&9&a=B&8422&945-47&=-&)= '**3='&8*)=43=2475-414,>_=S.3(*=+331`=).S=*7*39=241*(:1&7=9*(-3.6:*8=&7*=*S=*(9.;*1>= :8*)=.3=1>23&*.)=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3>=&3)=9&=4342>='7.3,.3,=&=3*<=).2*38.43=.394= 9-*= 41)= )*'&9*8_= M&.3= &);&3(*8= 4+= 1>23&*.)= 241*(:1&7= 89:).*8= &7*= '7.*R=>= 7*;.*<*)`= .3(1:).3,a ,3, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
+_=G*3*7.(=8>89*2=4+=9-*=+&2.1>_=M41*(:1&7=)&9&=7*;*&1=9<4=1&7,*=5->14,*3*9.(='7&3(-*8= 4+=7*(*39=1>23&*.)8=9-&9=/:89.Q=*8=8*5&7&9.43=4+=9<4=8:'+&2.1.*8a=L>23&*.3&*=8_897=&3)= R&).(.3&*=V.3&780.`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`=R&).=='&19-.(&`=R_=1&'.&9&_=T-4:,-=9-*=7&3,*8=L_=89&,3&1.8=&3)= R_= '&19-.(&= &7*= &12489= .)*39.(&1= .3= 9-*= P&1&*&7(9.(`= 9-*.7= 5->14,*4,7&5-.(= 5&=*738= &7*= (4251*9*1>=).S=*7*39_=T-*=5->14,*4,7&5-.(=897:(9:7*=.3=R_='&19-.(&=.8=;.79:&11>=&'8*39`= <-*7*&8=.3=L_=89&,3&1.8=<*=+4:3)=9-7**=.3)*5*3)*39=1.3*&,*8=-&;.3,=247*=47=1*88=).89.3(9= 7&3,*8_= M489=7*(*39=5&5*78=43=1>23&*.)=241*(:1&7=9&=4342>=*2514>=8*98=4+=89&3)&7)=,*3*8= COI`=(>98'`=ITS8,=*9(=':9=.8=.9=5488.'1*=9-&9=85*(.&9.43=*;*398=&7*=(&:8*)='>=(-&3,*8= .3=9-*=84=(&11*)=85*(.&9.43=,*3*8_=I3=9-.8=(&8*`=241*(:1&7=)&9&=&143*=&7*=349=*34:,-= +47= (477*(9= 85*(.*8= )*1.3*&9.43= &3)= .)*39.Q=(&9.43_= P488.'1>`= <*= 3**)= &= ,*342*8<.)*= (425&7&9.;*=&3&1>8.8=94=841;*=9-*8*=574'1*28_=
T+._P+ FOLLOWING=THE=FOOTSTEPS=OF=LINNAEUS=INTO=THE=,+TH=CENTURY:= THE=FREDIE=PROJECT=ON=BARCODING=EUROPEAN=FRESHWATER= T+. MOLLUSCS K&9-&7.3&=K:7?74O= +`=M&=-.&8=G*.,*7,`=T-42&8=;43=R.39*1*3+`=M&=-.&8=G1&:'7*N=9+ +M:8*:2=+37=N&9:70:3)*=B*71.3`=L*.'3.?=I389.9:9*=+47=R*8*&7N= =.3=E;41:9.43=&3)=B.4).;*78.9>=&9=9-*= H:2'41)9=U3.;*78.9>`=I3;&1.)*3897&I*=.-`=+*++/=B*71.3`=G*72&3>= 0&9-&7.3&_0:7?74O= 2+38'*71.3_)*`=9-42&8_7.39*1*3 2+38'*71.3_)*`= 2&=-.&8_,1&:'7*N=9 2+38'*71.3_)* ,Z4414,.8N=*8=F478N=:3,82:8*:2=A1*=&3)*7=K4*3.,`=A)*3&:*7&11**=+0*`=/-++-=B433`=G*72&3>======2_,*.,*7_?+20 :3.8'433_)* FREDIE=:=9-*=&(743>2=+47= F7*8-<&9*7=D.;*78.9>=I)*39.Q=(&9.43=+47=E:745*=:=.8=&=3&9.43&11>= +:3)*)=574/*(9=/4.391>=(43):(9*)='>=9-7**=G*72&3=L*.'3.?=.389.9:9*8`=._*_=9-*=Z4414,.8(-*8= F478(-:3,82:8*:2=A1*=&3)*7=K4*3.,=B433`=9-*=I389.9:9=+37=G*
+7*8-<&9*7= 47,&3.828= Q=8-*8`= 2&>R=.*8= &3)= 2411:8(8`= .3= 47)*7= 94= )*;*145= &3= 431.3*= .)*39.Q=(&9.43= 8>89*2= +47= 85*(.*8= ).;*78.9>= 4+= 9-*8*= 9&=&= .3= E:745*= <<<_+7*).*_ *:_=O3*=,4&1=4+=9-*=574/*(9=.8=94=,*3*7&9*`=<.9-=9-*=-*15=4+=8*;*7&1=5&793*78`=&=247*= 7*1.&'1*=85*(.*8=*;&1:&9.43='&8*)=43=7*(43(.1.3,=241*(:1&7=&3)=2475-414,.(&1=).;*78.9>= ;8_=).85&7.9>=5&=*738=.3=9-*8*=1.23.(=,74:58=4+=47,&3.828=.3=E:745*_=I39*7*89.3,1>`=&= '7.*+=4;*7;.*<=4+=9-*=&;&.1&'1*=1.9*7&9:7*=&3)=)&9&'&8*8=7*;*&1*)=9-&9=9-*=).;*78.9>=4+= E:745*&3=+7*8-<&9*7=2411:8(8=.3=9*728=4+=85*(.*8=3:2'*78=;&7.*8='*9<**3=84:7(*8`=&8= ;&7>.3,=,*4,7&5-.(=&7*&8=&7*=(4;*7*)`=&3)=4V=*3=).S=*7*39=3&2*8=&7*=(438.)*7*)=;&1.)_= H*7*=<*=57*8*39=9-*=(:77*39=89&9:8=4+=9-*=2411:8(=<47085&(0&,*`=8:22&7.?.3,=)&9&=+47= 8*1*(9*)=9&=&=<.9-=&;&.1&'1*=.3+472&9.43=43=8>343>28`=9>5*=14(&1.9.*8=&3)=).897.':9.43= <.9-=Q=789=DNA8'&7(4).3,=7*8:198_=I3=9-.8=(439*=9=<*=<.11=4:91.3*=574'1*28=7*1&9*)=94= 9>5*82&9*7.&1=._*_=:3034<3=47=.257*(.8*=9>5*=14(&1.9.*8`=9-48*=9-&9=)4=34=143,*7=*=.89= &3)`=9-:8`=34=94549>5*=2&9*7.&1='*.3,=&;&.1&'1*`=7*8:19.3,=.3=9-*=.3&'.1.9>=94=,*3*7&9*= *=&(9= '&7(4)*8= +47= 342.3&1= 9&=&`= <-.(-= .8= *88*39.&1= +47= &3>= 9&=4342.(= &5574&(-`= .3(1:).3,=9-48*=:9.1.?.3,=241*(:1&7=)&9&_
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T+._P-
GUNDLACHIA=TICAGA=MARCUS=]=MARCUS`=+30,=AND=GUNDLACHIA= BAKERI=PILSBRY`=+3+-a=IDENTITY=CONFIRMED=BY=MORPHOLOGICAL= AND=MOLECULAR=DATA L:.?=E):&7)4=M&(*)4=)*=L&(*7)&+`=C&741.3*=S9&30*=R.(-&:+`=V&3:8(&=M&(.*1=A7&0/4,`= E1.?*:=F&,:3)*8=C&7;&1-4,`=D&>8*=A5&7*(.)&=)&=S.1;&,`=S43.&=B&7'48&=)48=S&3948+ +U3.;*78.)&)*=)4=E89&)4=)4=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=I389.9:94=)*=B.414,.&=R4'*794=A1(&39&7&=G42*8`= D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z4414,.&`=L&'47&97.4=)*=M&1&(414,.&=Lc23.(&=*=T*77*897*_=R:&=SD4=F7&3(.8(4=X&;.*7`= /,.`=PHLC`=8&1&=,,.`=CEPa=,*//*83**=1&(*7)&:*7/'.4 >&-44_(42_'7`=(7.(-&: :41_(42_'7`======,:3)1&(-.& >&-44_(42_'7 ,U3.;*78.)&)*=)4=E89&)4=)4=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=I389.9:94=)*=B.414,.&=R4'*794=A1(&39&7&=G42*8`= L&'47&97.4=)*=D.&,389.(4=547=DNA_=R:&=SD4=F7&3(.8(4=X&;.*7`=/,.`=PHLC`=CEPa=,*//*83**======;&3:8(&2&(.*1 ,2&.1_(42`=*1.?*:+( -492&.1_(42`=)&>8*_&_8.1;& ,2&.1_(42 G:3)1&(-.&=+2.3=P+*.S=*7=.8=&=+7*8-<&9*7=5&9*11.+472=83&.1=<.9-=9-*=<.)*89=,*4,7&5-.(&1= ).897.':9.43=&243,=9-*=*.,-9=,*3*7&=4+=A3(>1.3.=7*5479*)=+47=9-*=N*49745.(&1=7*,.43_= G:3)1&(-.&='&0*7.=<&8=)*8(7.'*)=94=8*59&9*=85*(.2*38=+4:3)=.3=&3=&79.Q=(.&1=1&0*=&9=9-*=(.9>= 4+=B*1S2`=P&7@`=B7&?.1=<-*7*&8=G:3)1&(-.&=9.(&,&=<&8=)*8(7.'*)=+742=&6:&7.:2=85*(.2*38= +742=9-*=(.9>=4+=SD4=P&:14_=T-*=9<4=85*(.*8=&7*=;*7>=8.2.1&7`=(438.)*7.3,=8-*11=2475-414,>= 8-*11=4;&188-&5*)=<.9-=&=74:3)*)=&5*==.3(1.3*)=94=7.,-9=&3)=57494(43(-=&12489=949&11>= (4;*7*)=<.9-=8-&114<=5:3(9:&9.438`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`=:8.3,= +0S= 29DNA= &8= 241*(:1&7= 2&70*7_= T&=&=+742= A3(>1:8= &3)= B.425-&1&7.&= <*7*= :8*)= &8= 4:9,74:58_=P->14,*3*9.(=8:'8*6:*391>=5*7+472*)=<.9-=9-*=8*6:*3(*8=4'9&.3*)=7*;*&1*)= 9-*=*=.89*3(*=4+=&=<*11=8:55479*)=(1&)*=94=9-*=85*(.*8=4+=G:3)1&(-.&_=T-*=&251.Q=(&9.43= 8*6:*3(*8=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=G_='&0*7.=&3)=G_=9.(&,&=,*3*7&9*=+7&,2*398=4+=.-*='&8*=5&.78=9-&9= <*7*=,74:5*)=.394=9<4=).89.3(9=(1&)*8`=<.9-=-.,-='44897&5=8:55479=*_3+_=T-*=85*(.*8= ).S=*7=.3=2475-414,>=4+=9-*=8-*11=&5.(&1=2.(748(:159:7*`=3:2'*7=4+=(:858=.3=9-*=7&(-.).&3= 9449-`=8-&5*=4+=9-*=&)):(947=2:8(1*8=&3)=)*9&.18=4+=9-*=7*574):(9.;*=8>89*2_=W*=(43Q=72= 9-*=;&1.).9>=4+=9-*8*=9<4=9&=&='&8*)=43=2475-414,.(&1=&3)=241*(:1&7=)&9&_=S9:).*8=<.9-= 49-*7=241*(:1&7=2&70*78=:8.3,=8&251*8=+742=<&9*78-*)8=&7*='*.3,=&3&1>?*)=94=.3(7*&8*= 034<1*),*=&'4:9=9-*=,74:5_ F.3&3(.&1= 8:55479a= CNP6= .1002,2,**.8/`= P749&== /0,,3+2,*+*8/`= F&5*7/= APQ+= E8,02++*_-0,2,*+, ABSTRACTS ,3/
T+/ T+/_=O+ MATING=BEHAVIOR=IN=OCTOPUS=OLIVERI`= A=HAWAIIAN=INTERTIDAL=OCTOPUS H*&9-*7=Y1.9&14 .08**1=L.1.5:3&=R)=K&3*4-*=HI`=301..=->< -&<&.._*): E=97*2*1>=1.=1*=.8=034<3=&'4:9=O(945:8=41.;*7.`=.98=1.+*=-.8947>`=).897.':9.43`=47='*-&;.47_= O(945:8=41.;*7.=<&8=)*8(7.'*)='>=B*77>=.3=+3+.=+742=9-*=K*72&)*(=I81&3)8=&8=&=7*1&9.;*1>= 82&11=.39*79.)&1= 4(945:8_= S.3(*=O(945:8= 41.;*7.= .8= +4:3)= .3= H&<&..`= 9-*= 455479:3.9>= 94= 89:)>=.98=1.+*=-.8947>=&3)=2&9.3,='*-&;.47=-&8='*(42*=5488.'1*_= A8=.8=97:*=<.9-=2489=4(945:8*8`=+*2&1*=O_=41.;*7.=-&;*=9<4=4;.):(98=+47=85*72=8947&,*= &3)=2&>='*=&'1*=94=8947*=;.&'1*=85*72=+47=&9=1*&89=+**=)&>8=&3)=:5=94=+*=2439-8_=I3= &)).9.43`=9-*>=2&9*=<.9-=8*;*7&1=2&1*8='*+47*=1&>.3,=9-*.7=*,,8=&9=9-*=*3)=4+=9-*.7=1.;*8_= T-.8= 8:,,*898= 9-&9= 85*72= 8*1*(9.43= 47= (425*9.9.43= 2&>= '*= 4((:77.3,`= -4<*;*7= .9= -&8= 7&7*1>='**3=89:).*)=.3=4(9454)8=&3)=3*;*7=.3=O_=41.;*7._= F4:7=97.&18=4+='*-&;.47&1=*=5*7.2*398=<*7*=7*(47)*)=<-*7*.3=8.==+*2&1*8=<*7*=2&9*)= <.9-=9-7**=2&1*8=.3=;&7>.3,=47)*7`=+47=&=949&1=4+=,.=+*2&1*8=&3)=+,=2&1*8_=V.)*4=&3&1>8.8=4+= 2&9.3,='*-&;.47=8-4<8=9-*=7&9*8=4+=&,,7*88.43=&3)=):7&9.43=4+=2&9.3,=+47=00=8:((*88+:1= 2&9.3,=5&.78_=B>=4'8*7;.3,=9-*=).S=*7*3(*='*9<**3=9-*=Q=789`=8*(43)`=&3)=9-.7)=2&9.3,= 2&1*8`=43*=2&>=).8(*73=<-*9-*7=43*=2&1*=.8=247*=8:((*88+:1='*-&;.47&11>=9-&3=&349-*7= .3=.38*2.3&9.3,=&=+*2&1*_=T-*=<*.,-98=4+='49-=9-*=2&1*8=&3)=+*2&1*8=<*7*=7*(47)*)`=&8= <*11=&8=<-*9-*7=*,,8=<*7*=8:'8*6:*391>=1&.)=&V=*7=2&9.3,=&3)=<-*3_== T-.8=<470=.8=&=Q=789=89*5=.3=:3)*789&3).3,=9-.8=54471>=)*8(7.'*)=85*(.*8=&3)=.98=741*=.3=9-*= H&<&..&3=.39*79.)&1=*(48>89*2_
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T+/_*- SPERM=PRECEDENCE=IN=THE=HERMAPHRODITIC=FRESHWATER=SNAIL`= HELISOMA=TRIVOLVIS C>39-.&=G_=N47943`=M47,&3=K=W7.,-9, B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=S9_=C&9-*7.3*=U3.;*78.9>`=,**.=R&3)415-=A;*_=S9_=P&:1`=MN=//+*/`=USA= (,347943 890&9*_*):b=20<7.,-9 890&9*_*):= O:7=57.2&7>=7*8*&7(-=,4&1=<&8=94=)*9*72.3*=9-*=3&9:7*=4+=85*72=57*(*)*3(*=.3=9-*= +7*8-<&9*7=83&.1`=H*1.842&=97.;41;.8_=S5*72=57*(*)*3(*=-&8='**3=8:,,*89*)=&8=&=<&>= +47=+*2&1*=5&793*78=94=(-448*=&243,=2&9*8=&+9*7=2&9.3,=-&8=4((:77*)`=842*9.2*8= 7*+*77*)=94=&8=(7>59.(=+*2&1*=(-4.(*`=43*=&85*(9=4+=8*=:&1=8*1*(9.43_=M489=89:).*8= 4+= 8*=:&1= 8*1*(9.43= -&;*= +4(:8*)= 43= ,434(-47.89.(= 85*(.*8= <.9-= 9<4= 8*5&7&9*= 8*=*8=&8=45548*)=94=-*72&5-74).9.(=85*(.*8=1.0*=9-*=85*72=8947.3,=8.2:19&3*4:8= -*72&5-74).9*=H_=97.;41;.8_=S5*72=57*(*)*3(*=7*+*78=94=9-*=343=7&3)42=).++*7*3(*8= .3=+*79.1.?&9.43=8:((*88=&+9*7=(45:1&9.43=<.9-=2:19.51*=85*72=)43478=-&8=4((:77*)_= B*(&:8*=H_=97.;41;.8=8947*=85*72`=<*=57*).(9*)=9-&9=85*72=+742=9-*=+.789=2&9*=<4:1)= +.11=9-*=85*72&9-*(&=&3)=9-:8=8*(43)=85*72=8:((*88=<4:1)='*=14<_=W*=.3;*89.,&9*)= T+/ <-*9-*7=9-*=+.789=85*72=(4397.':947=47=8*(43)=85*72=(4397.':947=+*79.1.?*)=247*= 4++857.3,=4+=H_=97.;41;.8`=:8.3,=&1'.3.82=&8=,*3*9.(=2&70*7=94=)*9*72.3*=5&9*73.9>_= T4= *38:7*= &= ;&7.*)= ,*3*9.(= '&(0,74:3)`= &1'.34= 83&.18= :8*)= .3= 9-*= 89:)>= <*7*=
)*8(*3)&398= +742= F,= &1'.348= 7*8:19.3,= +742= (7488*8= '*9<**3= 5.,2*39*)= <.1)= H*1.842&= 97.;41;.8= &3)= 1&'87*&7*)= &1'.348_=A1'.34= 83&.18= <*7*= .841&9*)= :39.1= 9-*>= 7*&(-*)=2&9:7.9>=&3)=<*7*=2&9*)=+.789=<.9-=&=5.,2*39*)=83&.1=&3)=9-*3=&3=&1'.34= 83&.1=47=9-*=7*;*78*_=E,,=2&88*8=<*7*=(411*(9*)=&9=+`=-`=/`=&3)=++<**08=&+9*7=2&9.3,= &3)=*2'7>48=<*7*=*=&2.3*)=:3)*7=&3=.3;*79*)=2.(748(45*=&9=.*=_=T-*=57*8*3(*= 47=1&(0=4+=*>*=5.,2*39&9.43=<&8=:8*)=94=.)*39.+>=5&9*73.9>=.3=9-*8*=83&.1=*2'7>48_= A8=*=5*(9*)`=<*=+4:3)=89743,=+.789=2&9*=57*(*)*3(*=.3=H_=97.;41;.8=4;*7&11b=&'4:9= 2/=4+=*,,8=<*7*=+*79.1.?*)='>=9-*=+.789=5&793*7`=&19-4:,-=9-*7*=<*7*=.3).;.):&1= ).++*7*3(*8=.3=57*(*)*3(*_=I3=&)).9.43`=9-*7*=<&8=8.,3.+.(&391>=14<*7=+.789=85*72= 57*(*)*3(*=<-*3=&3=&1'.34=83&.1=<&8=9-*=+.789=2&9*`=8:,,*89.3,=&=81.,-9=57*+*7*3(*= +47=5.,2*39*)=5&793*78_ ABSTRACTS ,31
T+/_O. IMPACT=OF=GLOBAL=WARMING=ON=THE=SPAWNING=SUCCESS=AND= EMBRYOGENESIS=OF=A=SPECIALIZED=SOFT=CORAL8FEEDING=NUDIBRANCH`= ARMINA=MACULATA V&3*88&=L_=P.7*8`=M&79&=S_=P.2*39*1`=M.,:*1=B&59.89&`=F.1.5&=F&1*.74`=V&3*88&=M_=L45*8`= A3&=R.9&=L45*8`=L:c8=N&7(.84`=R:.=R48& L&'47&97.4=M&7c9.24=)&=G:.&`=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`= A;_=N488&=S*3-47&=)4=C&'4`=3-3`=,1/*8-1.=C&8(&.8`=P479:,&1=;&3*88&15.7*8 -492&.1_(42 U3)*789&3).3,=-4<=2&7.3*=47,&3.828=<.11=7*8543)=94=+:9:7*=9-*72&1=8(*3&7.48=.8=4+= ,7*&9=7*1*;&3(*`=5&79.(:1&71>=):7.3,=9-*.7=*&71>=1.+*=89&,*8`=8.3(*=9-*8*=&7*=*=5*(9*)=94='*= 9-*=2489=;:13*7&'1*=43*8_ T-*=57*8*39=89:)>=&.2*)=94=.3;*89.,&9*`=+47=9-*= =789=9.2*`=9-*=85&<3.3,=8:((*88=&3)= *2'7>43.(=)*;*1452*39=4+=&=85*(.&1.?*)=84 ==(47&18+**).3,=3:).'7&3(-`=A72.3&=2&(:1&9&`= :3)*7=).S=*7*39=9-*72&1=8(*3&7.48`=<-.(-=7*R=*(9a=.=9-*=57*8*398)&>=&;*7&,*=857.3,=+2= JC`=*&71>88:22*7=,,=JC=&3)=8:22*7=,.=JC=9*25*7&9:7*8`=&3)=..=9-*=574/*(9*)=3*&78 +:9:7*=<&72.3,=,1=JC`=(-=JC`=&=9*25*7&9:7*=9-&9=9-*=85*(.*8=&17*&)>=*=5*7.*3(*8=):7.3,= -*&9=<&;*=*;*398=.3=S&)4=*89:&7>_=T-*=459.2&1=9*25*7&9:7*=+47=85&<3.3,=<&8=,,=JC=&3)= -.,-*7=9-*72&1=8(*3&7.48=(&:8*)=&=8.,3.Q=(&39=)*(7*&8*=.3=9-*=85&<3.3,=+7*6:*3(>=._*_= 9-*=3:2'*7=4+=*,,=2&88*8=1&.)=5*7=<**0_=A9=9-*=+:9:7*=<&72.3,=8(*3&7.4`=85&<3.3,= 89455*)= &V=*7= -= <**08= 4+= .3(:'&9.43= &3)= 9-*= 7*85*(9.;*= -*72&5-74).9.(= 85&<3*78= )*(*&8*)=&V=*7=1=<**08_=O:7=Q=3).3,8=&184=8-4<*)=9-&9=*2'7>43.(=)*;*1452*39=9.2*= <&8=.3;*78*1>=(477*1&9*)=<.9-=9*25*7&9:7*=&3)=9-&9=9-*=574/*(9*)=3*&78+:9:7*=<&72.3,= .8=*=5*(9*)=94=,7*&91>=7*):(*=*,,=2&88=;.&'.1.9>=&3)=(&:8*=)*1*9*7.4:8=*S=*(98=43=*2'7>48= )*;*1452*39=-.,-*7=3:2'*7=4+=&'3472&1.9.*8`=8:7;.;&1=&3)=,74<9-_
T+/_P+ ANATOMICAL=CHARACTERIZATION=OF=THE=THAUMASTUS=QUECHUA= SALTERI=SOWERBY`=+223=PENIAL=COMPLEX=AND=SPERMATOPHORUS= PULMONATA`=BULIMULINAE
M*.7*=S.1;&=P*3& T+/ M:8*:=)*=C.U3(.&8=N&9:7&.8`=P439.+c(.&=U3.;*78.)&)*=C&91.(&=)*=M.3&8=G*7&.8` A;_=D42=J48S=G&85&7`=/**_=CEP=-*/-/80+*`=B*14=H47.?439*`=B7&?.1=2*.7*5*3& >&-44_(42_'7= T-&:2&89:8= Q:*(-:&= 8&19*7.= .8= &= 85*(.*89>5*= 4+= 9-*= 8:',*3*7&= 9-&9= -&8= ,*4,7&5-.(&1= ).897.':9.43=.3=9-*=P*7:;.&3=A3)*&3=7*,.43=4+=9-*=L&2'&>*6:*=&3)=C&/&2&7(&_=M&1*= ,*3.9&1.&= <*7*= )*8(7.'*)= .3= ,**0= '>= PENA= 8-4<.3,= 9-*= 8:'(>1.3)7.(&1`= 143,= 5*3.&1= (4251*==<.9-=7*,:1&7=).&2*9*7=&3)=.39*73&11>=<.9-=8-479=&3)=897&.,-9=2:8(:1&7=5.1&89*78= .3=9-*=*3)=7*,.43=&184=8-4<.3,=<.)*`=9-.(0=+4.1*)=,1&3):1&7=<&118=&9=9-*=574=.2&1=7*,.43_= B&8*)=43=85*(.2*38=+742=9-*=C-49&=14(&1.9>=9>5*`=C&/&2&7(&`=9-&9=*/*(9*)=9-*=5-&11:8= <.9-=43*=85*72&945-47:8=):7.3,=9-*=7*1&=.3,=574(*88`=.9=<&8=5488.'1*=94=,*9=97&38;*78&1= 81.(*)= .2&,*8= 9-&9= 5*72.=*)= .98= 2475-414,.(&1= (-&7&(9*7.?&9.43_= T-*= (411*(9*)= 85*(.2*38= <*7*= 7*1&=.3,= :3)*7= .(*)= <&9*7= +47= 9<*39>= +4:7= -4:78= 9-*3= 57*8*7;*)= .3= &1(4-41=1*4GL=<-*7*=9-*>=89&>*)=+47=&12489=9*3=>*&78_=T-*=2&9*7.&1=<&8=5-494,7&5-*)= <.9-=&3=O1>25:8=E-*=&3)=&V=*7`=9-*=*/*(9*)=5-&11:8=<&8=97&38;*78&11>=(:9`=7*->)7&9*)=.3= &1(4-41.(=8*7.*8=:39.1=-*4GL`=':S=*7*)=.3=5-485-&9*=841:9.43`=Q==*)=.3=,1:9&7&1)*->)*=&3)= 482.:2=9*974=.)*=-`=)7.*)=&9=(7.9.(&1=54.39`=5:9=.3=89:'8=&3)=(4;*7*)='>=,41)_==L&9*7`=&11= ,32 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
9-.8=<&8=8(&33*)='>=&=DSM=3/*=Z*.88_=T-*=2&(748(45.(=.2&,*8=4+=9-*=85*72&945-47:8= 8-4<*)=9-&9=.3=.98=&5.(&1=&3)=*/*(9*)=5479.43=9-*7*=.8=43*=*=9*73&1=&3)=-&7)=81.)*=<.9-= 2&3>= *),*8= '*.3,= 43*= 4+= 9-*2= <.9-= 5742.3*39= 574/*(9.438= .3= 9-*= 574=.2&1= 5479.43b= 9-*= 9*72.3&1= 5479.43= .8= 3*&71>= (>1.3)7.(&1= &3)= &= 1.=1*= '.9= 84V=*7_= T-*= 9*72.3&1= 5-&11:8= 5479.43=57*8*398=.3=&=97&38;*78&1=;.*<=&=2:8(:1&7=<&11=<.9-=143,.9:).3&1=Q='*7=1&>*78= 8:774:3).3,=&=(.7(:1&7=Q='*7=9:3.(&b=9-*=1:2*3=<.9-=2:8(1*8(433*(9.;*=9.88:*=(&89.3,=9-*= *=9*73&1=<&11=4+=85*72&945-47:8_=I3=9-*=2*).&3=5-&11:8=7*,.43=9-*=2:8(:1&7=574/*(9.438= 5.1&89*78=;.*<*)=.3=-.,-=7*841:9.43`=57*8*39=&=(.1.&9*)=*5.9-*1.&1=(4&9=<.9-=&=,7&3:1&7= &85*(9=2&9*7.&1=&9=9-*=5*3.&1=&3)=;&8=)*+*7*38=1:2*3=9:'*8_=T-*=7*8:198=<*7*=(43+7439*)= <.9-=9-*=43*8=4'9&.3*)='>=BREURE=+312=<.9-=459.(&1=2.(748(45>=+47=9-*=T-&:2&89:8= Q:*(-:&=9&:1.8*38.8=Z.1(-`=+3/-_ A:947.?&9.438=(411*(9=574(*888=I389.9:94=N&(.43&1=)*=R*(:7848=N&9:7&1*8`=P*7:_=INRENA= DGFFES8DCB8**02,**-
T+/_P, ON=TRACKING=THE=FATE=OF=PARASPERM=IN=GASTROPODA J4-3=B:O=1&3)8N.O=8`=K*18.*=G.11.*8`=L*81.*=H&79 B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=S9=F7&3(.8=X&;.*7=U3.;*78.9>`=A39.,43.8-`=N4;&=S(49.&`=B,G=,W/=/':(01&3 89+=_(& P&7&85*72=&7*=&=8.,3.Q=(&39=(42543*39=4+=9-*=*/&(:1&9*=4+=2&3>=,&897454)=85*(.*8_=T-*8*= 89*7.1*=,*72=(*118=&7*=2:(-=1&7,*7=9-&3=9-*=+*79.1*= *:85*72=&3)=:8:&11>=(439&.3=(45.4:8= 8*(7*9.43= ,7&3:1*8_= E1*(9743= 2.(748(45.(= *=&2.3&9.43= 4+= 9-*= +*2&1*= ':78&= (45:1&97.== -&8= 8-4<3= 9-&9= 842*= 5&7&85*72= &7*= 5-&,4(>948*)`= <-*7*&8= 49-*78= &7*= ).,*89*)= *=97&(*11:1&71>=':9=9-*=+&9*8=&3)=+:3(9.43=4+=5&7&85*72=8*(7*9.438=&7*=:3034<3_ W*= 4'9&.3*)= 85*72= 8&251*8= +742= 8*2.3&1= ;*8.(1*8= 4+= 7.5*= 2&1*= L.=47.3&= 1.=47*&`= F:8.97.943= 47*,43*38.8= &3)= P1.(45:75:7&= 5&9:1&= &3)= :8*)= P*7(411'= ,7&).*398= 94= .841&9*= 5&7&85*72=+742=*:85*72_=P:7.Q=*)=8&251*8=4+=*&(-=85*72=9>5*=<*7*=97*&9*)=<.9-=RIPA= 1>8.3,=':S=*7=S.,2&=&3)=7:3=43=SDS=PAGE=94=8*5&7&9*=5749*.38_=I3).;.):&1=5749*.3= '&3)8=<*7*=(:9=4:9=+742=,*18=:3)*7=89*7.1*=(43).9.438=&3)=&3&1>?*)='>=2*&38=4+=1.6:.)= (-742&94,7&5->89&3)*2= 2&88= 85*(9742*97>= QSTAR= E1.9*= LC= MS2MS= 94= )*9*72.3*= &2.34=&(.)=8*6:*3(*8_=T-*=5749*.38`=47=9-*.7=-42414,:*8`=<*7*=8:'8*6:*391>=.)*39.Q=*)= T+/ +742=9-*8*=&2.34=&(.)=8*6:*3(*8='>=&=MASCOT8DB=8*&7(-_=S*;*7&1=5749*.38=:3.6:*=94= 5&7&85*72=<*7*=+4:3)`=':9=43*='&3)=9-&9=<&8=5742.3*39=.3=&11=9-7**=83&.18=.8=&= -*&9= 8-4(0= 5749*.3= 4+= &5574=.2&9*1>= ++*KD`= -42414,4:8= <.9-= &= 3:2'*7= 4+= 49-*7= HSP8= 43=7*(47)=.3=9-.8=8.?*=7&3,*_=T-*=2&.3=5:7548*=4+=9-.8=89:)>=<&8=94=.)*39.+>=&=5749*.3= :3.6:*=94=5&7&85*72=&3)=34<=9-&9=<*=-&;*=)43*=9-&9`=94=,*3*7&9*=&=5&7&85*72885*(.Q=(= &39.'4)>=9-&9=<.11=*3&'1*=:8=94=97&(0=9-*=+&9*=4+=5&7&85*72=.3=+*2&1*=83&.18=&3)=1*&73= 247*=&'4:9=9-*.7=+:3(9.43_= ABSTRACTS ,33
T+/_P- VERTICAL=TRANSMISSION=OF=BACTERIAL=SYMBIONTS=IN=THE= FAMILY=ASTARTIDAE=BIVALVIA C&72*3=S&1&8+`=P&'14=M&7.3&,`=J:&3=)*=D.48=B:*34-`=M&7.&=J48S=M&79.3*?.`= A3943.4=C-*(&/ +D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=M@1&,&`=,3*1+8M@1&,&`=S5&.3= (&8&34;& :2&_*8= ,D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=M@1&,&`=,3*1+8M@1&,&`=S5&.3= '.414,.&2&7.3& :2&_*8= -L&'47&947.4=)*=P7*5&7&(.3=)*=M:*897&8=B.41,.(&8`=C*3974=)*=I3897:2*39&(.3=C.*39cQ=(&`= U3.;*78.)&)=)*=G7&3&)&`=(2=P74+*847=J:&3=O847.4=823`=+2*1+=G7&3&)&`=S5&.3=152' :,7_*8 .C*3974=)*=I3897:2*39&(.3=C.*39cQ=(&`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=G7&3&)&`=(2=P74+*847=J:&3=O847.4=823`= +2*1+=G7&3&)&`=S5&.3=9*23*, :,7_*8 +D*5&79&2*394=)*=E897&9.,7&+c&=>=P&1*439414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8`=U3.;*78.)&)=)*=G7&3&)&`= +2*1+8G7&3&)&`=S5&.3=&(-*(& :2&_*8 T-*=5*7.4897&(:2=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=+742=9-*=+&2.1>=A89&79.)&*=.8=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=-&;.3,=&= 5.=*)=8:7+&(*_=T-*=57*8*3(*=4+='&(9*7.&=.38.)*=9-*=5.98=-&8='**3=57*;.4:81>=7*5479*)=+47= D.,.9&7.&=).,.9&7.&=L_`=+1/2=&3)=9-.8=8**28=94='*=9-*=,*3*7&1=7:1*=+47=9-*=49-*7=,*3*7&=4+= 9-*=+&2.1>_=I3=47)*7=94=(-*(0=9-*=7*1&9.438-.5='*9<**3=9-*='&(9*7.&=&3)=9-*='.;&1;*8`=<*= 89:).*)=9-*=5&9-<&>=4+=97&382.88.43=:8.3,=8*2.89-.3=8*(9.438=&3)=97&382.88.43=*1*(9743= 2.(748(45>_=T-*=57*8*3(*=4+='&(9*7.&=.38.)*='&(9*7.4(>9*8=.38.)*=9-*=,43&)8=4+=D.,.9&7.&= ).,.9&7.&=&3)=A89&79*=(+_=:3)&9&=G4:1)`=+2.+=-&8='**3=4'8*7;*)_=I3=G44)&11.&=97.&3,:1&7.8= M439&,:`=+2*-`=&='744).3,=85*(.*8`=9-*='&(9*7.&=&55*&7=.38.)*=9-*=44(>9*_=T-*8*=7*8:198= 54.39= 4:9= &3= *3)48>2'.48.8`= &= 2:9:&11>= 4'1.,&9*= &884(.&9.43= .3= <-.(-= 9-*= 8>2'.49.(= '&(9*7.&= &7*= 2&9*73&11>= 97&38+*77*)_= T-.8= .8= &88:2*)= 94= .3;41;*= (48*;41:9.43&7>= .39*7&(9.438_
T+/_P. EVALUATING=THE=MATING=GROUPS=HYPOTHESIS=IN=POPULATIONS=OF= ECHINOLITTORINA=LINEOLATA P7.8(.1&=M_=S&114:2`=V*7&=N_=S41+*7.3. T+/ +`,D*5&79&2*394=)*=G*3S9.(&`=E;41:OD4=*=B.4&,*39*8`=U3.;*78.)&)*=E89&):&1=)*=C&25.3&8`=C&25.3&8`= SP=+-*2-831*`=B7&?.1=52&).8&1 ,2&.1_(42`=;*7&8 :3.(&25_'7 M&7.3*= 47,&3.828= <.9-= 51&3(949745-.(= 1&7;&*= &7*= *=5*(9*)= 94= 57*8*39= ,*349>5.(= +7*6:*3(.*8=.3=H&7)>8W*.3'*7,=*6:.1.'7.:2_=D*85.9*=9-.8`=9-*7*=&7*=2&3>=(&8*8=.3=<-.(-= =3*=8(&1*=545:1&9.43=897:(9:7*=&3)=-424?>,49*=*=(*88=&7*=4'8*7;*)_=O3*=->549-*8.8= +47=9-.8=.8=9-*=*=.89*3(*=4+=2&9.3,=,74:58`=<-.(-=<*=9*89*)=:8.3,=E(-.341.=47.3&=1.3*41&9&`= &=,&897454)=<-48*=1&7;&*=7*(7:.9=43=9-*=74(0>=8-47*8=4+=9-*=B7&?.1.&3=(4&89_=P7*;.4:8= 89:).*8= -&;*= 7*5479*)= *=(*88= 4+= -424?>,49*8= .3= 9-.8= 85*(.*8_= O:7= 8&251*= 8.9*= <&8= &= '*&(-=.3=SD4=P&:14=S9&9*=<-*7*=<*=(-48*= =;*=74(08_=A11=9-*=1.=47.3.)8=<*7*=7*24;*)= +742=9-*=74(08=.3=J:3*=4+=,*+,_=A11=9-*=/:;*3.1*8=<*7*=(411*(9*)=&V=*7=.*=)&>8=&3)=&,&.3= .*=)&>8=1&9*7_=M41*(:1&7=&3&1>8*8=<*7*=5*7+472*)=+47=++8+/=/:;*3.1*8=+742=*&(-=8&251*`= :8.3,=9<4=2.94(-43)7.&1=2&70*78a=(>94(-742*=4=.)&8*=I=&3)=(>94(-742*='_=T-*=).;*78.9>= .3).(*8= <*7*= 89&9.89.(&11>= 8.2.1&7= +47= '49-= (411*(9.438_=A3&1>8.8= 4+= 241*(:1&7= ;&7.&3(*= AMOVA=).)=349=54.39=545:1&9.43=897:(9:7*`=&3)=9-*=;&7.&'.1.9>='*9<**3=.3).;.):&18= -** AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
+742=9-*=8&2*=74(0=<&8=-.,-*7=9-&3=9-*=;&7.&'.1.9>='*9<**3=74(08=47='*9<**3=9-*=9<4= (411*(9.43=9.2*8_=S4=+&7=4:7=7*8:198=)4=349=8:55479=9-*=->549-*8.8=4+=2&9.3,=,74:58_
T+/_P/ ABUNDANCE=AND=SPAWNING=PATTERNS=OF=THE=LIMPET=SIPHONARIA= PECTINATA=IN=CONTRASTING=ENVIRONMENTS=IN=SW=PORTUGAL M&7.&=I3U8=S*&'7&+`=R:.=C&7;&1-4+`=T*7*8&=C7:?+`, +=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&=8=L&'47&97.4=)*=C.U3(.&8=)4=M&7`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=É;47&`=A5&79&)4=+3*`= 1/,+83*-=S.3*8`=P479:,&1=.8*&'7& :*;47&_59= ,=D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=É;47&`=É;47&`=P479:,&1=9(7:? :*;47&_59 T-*= 1.25*9= S.5-43&7.&= 5*(9.3&9&= .8= &= 2&7.3*= 5:1243&9*= 2411:8(`= <-.(-= .3-&'.98= 9-*= .39*79.)&1=?43*=4+=<&72=9*25*7&9*=&3)=9745.(&1=74(0>=8-47*8_=I3=9-*=E:745*&3=E&89*73= A91&39.(=(4&891.3*`=9-.8=85*(.*8=.8=431>=(42243=.3=(439.3*39&1=P479:,&1`=3&2*1>=.3=9-*= 84:9-_=T4=4:7=034<1*),*`=9-*7*=.8=349=&3>=5:'1.8-*)=89:)>=+4(:8*)=43=9-*=*(414,>=4+= 9-.8=85*(.*8=.3=P479:,&1_= S:7;*>8= 4+= .39*79.)&1= (422:3.9.*8= &3)= 89:).*8= 43= 1.25*9= 545:1&9.438= (&77.*)= .3= SW= P479:,&1=-&;*=(438.89*391>=+4:3)=9-&9=9-.8=85*(.*8=(&3=4((:7=&(7488=&11=9.)&1=1*;*18`=':9=.98= ).897.':9.43=&3)=&':3)&3(*=8-4<=-.,-=;&7.&'.1.9>=&9=82&11=85&9.&1=8(&1*8_= I3=4:7=57*;.4:8=89:).*8=43=1.25*9=7*(7:.92*39`=7*(7:.98=4+=S.5-43&7.&=5*(9.3&9&=2&=.2:2= 8-*11=1*3,9-=:=MSL=2=,=22=<*7*=(422431>=+4:3)=.3=9.)*54418=243.947*)=*;*7>=9-7**= 2439-8_= D*85.9*= &= -.,-= .39*78&33:&1= ;&7.&'.1.9>= .3= 2&=.2:2= )*38.9.*8= 4+= 7*(7:.98`= 7*(7:.92*39=24891>=4((:77*)=):7.3,=8:22*78&:9:23=8*&8438_= P7*1.2.3&7>=4'8*7;&9.438=.3).(&9*=9-&9=85&<3.3,=*,,81&>.3,='>=9-.8=85*(.*8=,*3*7&11>= 4((:78=):7.3,=857.3,88:22*7=8*&8438`=':9=9-*=9.2*885&3=4+=85&<3.3,=&3)=9-*=&':3)&3(*= 4+= *,,= 2&88*8= 43= 9-*= 8-47*= 2&>= ;&7>= ,7*&91>= &243,= (4397&89.3,= *3;.7432*39&1= (43).9.438a= 2.(74-&'.9&98= *2*78*)874(0= ;*78:8= 9.)*54418= &3)= 9-*72&11>= ).S=*7*39= 14(&9.438=&='7*&0<&9*7=&)/&(*39=94=&3=*U==:*39=4+=-49=<&9*7=+742=&=14(&1=9-*724*1*(97.(= 89&9.43=;*78:8=3*&7'>=14(&9.438_= I3=47)*7=94=89:)>=9*2547&1=&3)=85&9.&1=5&=*738=4+=545:1&9.43=897:(9:7*=&3)=85&<3.3,`= <*=-&;*=(4:39*)=549*39.&11>=7*574):(9.;*=.3).;.):&18=MSL=3=/=22=&3)=*,,87.''438= T+/ 57*8*39=<.9-.3=Q==*)=8&251.3,=&7*&8`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
T+0 T+0_O+ INVESTIGATING=THE=BIVALVE=TREE=OF=LIFE=88= AN=EXEMPLAR8BASED=APPROACH=COMBINING=MOLECULAR= AND=NOVEL=MORPHOLOGICAL=CHARACTERS R3).,*7=B.*1*7+`=P&:1&=M_=M.00*18*3,`=T.249->=M_=C411.38-`=E2.1>=A_=G14;*7.`= V&3*88&=L_=G43?@1*?/`=D&3.*1=L_=G7&+0`=E1.?&'*9-=M_=H&75*71`=J4-3=H*&1>+`2`= G.8*1*=Y_=K&<&:(-./`=P7&8-&39=P_=S-&72&3`=S.)=S9&:'&(-+`=E11*3=E_=S9743,+*`= J4-3=D_=T&>147.`=I1>&=TV20.3+*`++`=J4-3=D_=Z&7):8+,`=S9*5-&3.*=C1&70+`= A1*/&3)7&=G:?2@3/`+-`=E7.3=M(I39>7*/`=P&:1=S-&75-`=G43?&14=G.7.'*9/ +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=F.*1)=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=+.**=S4:9-=L&0*=S-47*=D7.;*`=C-.(&,4`= IL=0*0*/`=USA=7'.*1*7 Q=*1)2:8*:2_47, ,P&1*439414,.(&1=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9.43`=+,/3=T7:2&38':7,=R4&)`=&3)=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=]= E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=C473*11=U3.;*78.9>`=I9-&(&`=NY=+.2/*`=USA -D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=AHC=+=B1),_`=R2_=-+3C`=F147.)&=I39*73&9.43&1=U3.;*78.9>`= M.&2.`=FL=--+33`=USA .D*5&792*39=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=L43)43=SW1=/BD`=UK /M:8*:2=4+=C425&7&9.;*=Z4414,>=]=D*5&792*39=4+=O7,&3.82.(=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`= H&7;&7)=U3.;*78.9>`=,0=O=+47)=S97**9`=C&2'7.),*`=MA=*,+-2`=USA 0U3.;*78.9>=4+=W.8(438.38S9*;*38=P4.39`=B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=2**=R*8*7;*=S97**9`=S9*;*38=P4.39`=WI= /..2+`=USA 1D*5&792*39=4+=E&79-=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&2'7.),*`=D4<3.3,=S97**9`=C&2'7.),*=CB,=-EQ`=UK 2Q:**381&3)=M:8*:2`=P_O_=B4==--**`=S4:9-=B7.8'&3*`=Q:**381&3)=.+*+`=A:897&1.& 3A2*7.(&3=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=D.;.8.43=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=,**=C*397&1=P&70=W*89`= N*<=Y470=C.9>`=NY=+**,.=USA +*D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=S2.9-843.&3=I389.9:9.43`= PO=B4==-1*+,`=MRC=+0-`=W&8-.3,943`=DC=,**+-`=USA ++B.414,>=D*5&792*39`=N479-*73=V.7,.3.&=C422:3.9>=C411*,*`=.**+=W&0*Q=*1)=C-&5*1=R4&)`=A33&3)&1*`= VA=,,**-`=USA +,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=T-*=C.9&)*1`=+1+=M4:197.*=S97**9`=C-&71*8943`=SC=,3.*3`=USA +-S9&3+47)=U3.;*78.9>`=-**=P&89*:7=D7.;*`=S9&3+47)`=CA=3.-*/`=USA T4= 7*8*;&1:&9*= 9-*= 7*1&9.438-.58= 4+= 9-*= 2&/47= '.;&1;*= 1.3*&,*8`= <*= &2&88*)= )*9&.1*)= 2475-48&3&942.(&1`= :197&897:(9:7&1`= &3)= 241*(:1&7= 8*6:*3(*= )&9&= +47= &= 9&7,*9*)= 8*1*(9.43= 4+= *=*251&7= '.;&1;*8= 85&33.3,= 9-*= 5->14,*3*9.(= ).;*78.9>= 4+= 9-*= (1&88_= W*= .3(1:)*)=241*(:1&7=)&9&=+47=+*-='.;&1;*=85*(.*8=:5=94=Q=;*=2&70*78=&3)=&184=&3&1>?*)= T+0 &=8:'8*9=4+=9&=&=<.9-=+4:7=&)).9.43&1=3:(1*&7=5749*.38*3(4).3,=,*3*8_=N4;*1=&8=<*11=&8= -.8947.(&11>8*2514>*)=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78=<*7*=*=5147*)=&3)=<*=)*(43897:(9*)= <.)*1>= :8*)= )*8(7.59478= 8:(-= &8= ,.11= &3)= 8942&(-= 9>5*8_= P->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8*8`= (43):(9*)= :8.3,= 5&78.243>= ).7*(9= 459.2.?&9.43= &3)= 574'&'.1.89.(= 2*9-4)8= 43= 89&9.(= &1.,32*398=2&=.2:2=1.0*1.-44)=&3)=B&>*8.&3=.3+*7*3(*=4+=9-*=241*(:1&7=)&9&='49-= &143*=&3)=.3=(42'.3&9.43=<.9-=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78=4S=*7=&=74':89=9*89=4+='.;&1;*= 7*1&9.438-.58_=A=(&1.'7&9*)=5->14,*3>=&184=574;.)*)=.38.,-98=.394=9-*=9*254=4+='.;&1;*= *;41:9.43_= F.3&11>`= &3= &3&1>8.8= 4+= 9-*= .3+472&9.;*3*88= 4+= 2475-414,.(&1= (-&7&(9*78= 8-4<*)= 9-&9= 85*72= :197&897:(9:7*= (-&7&(9*78= &7*= &243,= 9-*= '*89= 2475-414,.(&1= +*&9:7*8=94=).&,348*='.;&1;*=(1&)*8`=+4114<*)='>=(-&7&(9*78=4+=9-*=8-*11`=.3(1:).3,=.98= 2.(74897:(9:7*_=O:7=89:)>=+4:3)=8:55479=+47=24345->1>=4+=2489='74&)1>=7*(4,3.?*)= '.;&1;*= -.,-*7= 9&=&`= &19-4:,-= 8:55479= <&8= 349= :3.+472= +47= P7494'7&3(-.&_= H4<*;*7`= 24345->1>= 4+= 9-*= '.;&1;*8= <.9-= 57494'7&3(-.&9*= ,.118= <&8= 89.11= 9-*= '*8988:55479*)= -*, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
->549-*8.8_= A:94'7&3(-.&`= P9*7.42475-.&`= H*9*74(43(-.&`= P&1&*4-*9*74)439&`= A7(-.-*9*74)439&`= E:-*9*74)439&`= A342&14)*82&9&`= &3)= &= 3*<1>= 7*(4,3.?*)= (1&)*= (4257.8*)= 4+= E:-*9*74)439&= *=(1:).3,= A342&14)*82&9&= <*7*= 7*(4;*7*)= &(7488= &3&1>8*8`= .77*85*(9.;*= 4+= )&9&= 97*&92*39= 47= &3&1>9.(&1= +7&2*<470_= P&1&*4-*9*74)439&= &3)=A7(-.-*9*74)439&=+472*)=&=(1&)*=:3)*7=2&3>=&3&1>9.(&1=(43).9.438_= T-*=B.;&1;*= A88*2'1.3,=9-*=T7**84+8L.+*=574/*(9=-=5a22<<<_'.;&941_47,=.8=8:55479*)='>=9-*=U_S_= N&9.43&1=S(.*3(*=F4:3)&9.43=NSF=A88*2'1.3,=9-*=T7**=4+=L.+*=AT4L=574,7&2=DEB8 *1-,2/.=2=*1-,3*-=2=*1-,20*
T+0_O, ADDING=STRUCTURE=TO=THE=BIVALVE=TREE=OF=LIFE E1.?&'*9-=M_=H&75*7+`=J4-3=D_=T&>147, +D*5&792*39=4+=E&79-=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&2'7.),*`=D4<3.3,=S97**9`=C&2'7.),*`=CB,=-EQ`=UK= *2-,+ (&2_&(_:0 ,D*5&792*39=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=L43)43=SW1=/BD`=UK=/_9&>147 3-2_&(_:0 S-*11= 2.(74897:(9:7*8= -&;*= 4V=*3= '**3= :8*)= &8= (-&7&(9*78= .3= &=*2598= 94= :37&;*1= 9-*= 5->14,*3>= 4+= 9-*= '.;&1;*8_= A8= 5&79= 4+= 9-*= B.;AT4L= 574/*(9`= <*= 7*;.*<*)= 9-*= :8*= 4+= 5&79.(:1&7= (-&7&(9*78= &3)= (411*(9*)= 3*<= )&9&= 43= *=*251&7= 9&=&_= P7*;.4:81>= 2.(74897:(9:7&1= (-&7&(9*78= -&;*= '**3= :8*)= &8= 57*8*392&'8*39= <.9-= 34= (438.)*7&9.43= 4+=548.9.43&1=.3+472&9.43=47=&=*259=94=-42414,.8*=8-*11=1&>*78_=O:7=3*<=8:7;*>=:8*)= ,+= (-&7&(9*78`= 4;*7= -&1+= 4+= 9-*2= :3:8*)= 57*;.4:81>`= )*;*145.3,= &= 3*<= 8(-*2*= +47= -42414,.8.3,=8-*11=1&>*78=:8.3,=9-*=5&11.&1=2>4897&(:2=&8=&=)&9:2_=I3=9-*=8:'8*6:*39= &3&1>8.8`=8-*11=2.(74897:(9:7*=(-&7&(9*78=<*7*=8-4<3=94=(&77>=247*=5->14,*3*9.(=8.,3&1= 9-&3=2&3>=49-*7=2475-414,.(&1=8>89*28_ V&7.&9.43=.3=8-*11=2.(74897:(9:7*=.8=2489=;&7.&'1*=.3=9-*=4:9*72489=8-*11=1&>*7=M(,_= M489=897.0.3,=.8=9-*=&55&7*39=4((:77*3(*=4+=)*7.;*)=2.(74897:(9:7*8=.3=).85&7&9*=5&798= 4+= 9-*= 97**`= .251>.3,= 7*5*&9*)= *;41:9.43= 4+= 85*(.Q=(= 2.(74897:(9:7*8= 8:(-= &8= +41.&9*)= (&1(.9*= <-.(-= &55*&78= ).5->1*9.(= <.9-.3= 9-*= 59*7.42475-8`= &3)= 9-*= 4((:77*3(*= 4+= (7488*)81&2*11&7=&7&,43.9*=.3='49-=9-*=&7(-.8=&3)=*:-*9*74)4398=&8=<*11=&8=.3=9-*=&7(.)8= <.9-.3= 9-*= 59*7.42475-8_= N&(7*= .8= 4V=*3= 9-4:,-9= 4+= &8= 57.2.9.;*= <.9-.3= 9-*= B.;&1;.&= &3)=>*9=.9=-&8=&=7&9-*7=.39*7*89.3,=).897.':9.43=<.9-.3=9-*=97**`=<.9-=4((:77*3(*8=.3=9-*= 57494'7&3(-8=7*897.(9*)=94=9-*=*=9&39=N:(:14.)*&=&3)=&55&7*391>=&8=&=)*7.;*)=(43).9.43= T+0 .3= 9-*= &342&14)*82&9&38_= W*= <.11= &184= (-&79= 9-*= 4((:77*3(*8= 4+= 49-*7= .39*7*89.3,= 8-*11=(-&7&(9*78=8:(-=&8=5*7.4897&(&1=(&1(.Q=(&9.43`=9:':1*8=&3)=848(&11*)= -424,*34:8= 897:(9:7*_ T-.8=<470=.8=5&79=4+=9-*=T-*=B.;&1;*=A88*2'1.3,=9-*=T7**84+8L.+*=574/*(9=-=5a22<<<_ '.;&941_47,= 8:55479*)= '>= 9-*= U_S_= N&9.43&1= S(.*3(*= F4:3)&9.43= NSF= DEB8*1-,2/.= 2*1-,3*-=2=*1-,20*_ ABSTRACTS -*-
T+0_O- BIVALVIAN=TRIPTYCHa=BIVALVE=SEASHELLS=OF=WESTERN=SOUTH=AMERICA P&:1=V&1*39.(-8S(4=+`=E:,*3*=V_=C4&3+`=D.*,4=G_=Z*1&>&, +S&39&=B&7'&7&=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=,//3=P:*89&=)*1=S41=R4&)`=S&39&=B&7'&7&`=C&1.+473.&=3-+*/`= USA=5;8(4= 8'3&9:7*,_47,b=,*3*(4&3 ,2&.1_(42 ,D594_=B.4).;*78.)&)=>=B.414,c&=E=5*7.2*39&1=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=E=&(9&8=>=N&9:7&1*8=:=UBA=C.:)&)= U3.;*78.9&7.&`=P&'_=,`==.94=5.84`=1&'_=-+=C+.,2EHA=8=C&5.9&1=F*)*7&1=A7,*39.3&=)?*1&>& ',_+(*3_:'&_&7= T-*=2&7.3*='.;&1;*=2411:808=+742=A7(9.(=A1&80&`=U_S_A_`=94=3479-*73=P*70=-&;*='**3= 9-*=8:'/*(9=4+=4:7=9<4=57*;.4:81>=5:'1.8-*)='4408_=W*=-&;*='*,:3=7*8*&7(-=43=&=9-.7)= *&89*73=P&(.Q=(=O(*&3='.;&1;*=2434,7&5-`=94='*=*39.91*)=B.;&1;*=S*&8-*118=4+=W*89*73=S4:9-= A2*7.(&_=T-*=89:)>=7*,.43=47.,.3&9*8=&9=P:39&=A,:/&`=P.:7&`=P*70=/_2JS`=&3)=(439.3:*8= 84:9-=94=9-*=84:9-*73=9.5=4+=I81&=C-.14S`=L48=L&,48`=C-.1*=.-_.JS_=A8=<.9-=9-*=57*;.4:8= 2434,7&5-8`=<*=<.11=(4;*7=85*(.*8=9-&9=4((:7=+742=9-*=.39*79.)&1=?43*=94=9-*=)**5=8*&_ A8=<*=-&;*=7*;.*<*)=9-*=1.9*7&9:7*=+47=9-*=P*708C-.1*=P74;.3(*`=<*=-&;*=349*)=&=2&70*)= )*(7*&8*=.3='.;&1;*=).;*78.9>=(425&7*)=<.9-=8.2.1&7=3479-*73=1&9.9:)*8_=I3=9-*=A1&80&3`= O7*,43.&3=&3)=C&1.+473.&3=P74;.3(*8`=<*=-&;*=)4(:2*39*)=4;*7=.1*='.;&1;*=85*(.*8`= .3=9-*=P&3&2.(=P74;.3(*=23,=85*(.*8`=<-*7*&8=<*=(:77*391>=431>=-&;*=7*(47)8=+47=,+1= 85*(.*8=+742=9-*=P*708C-.1*=P74;.3(*_=T-*=)*(7*&8*=.3=9-*=3:2'*7=4+=85*(.*8=57*8*39= .3=9-*=84:9-*73=7*,.43=2&>='*=&=+:3(9.43=4+=:3)*788&251.3,`=47=2&>=7*57*8*39=&=2:(-= 14<*7=).;*78.9>`=47=&=(42'.3&9.43=4+='49-=+&(9478_=
T+0_O. GLIDING=CONVERGENCE=FROM=CONVERGENT`=PARALLEL`=AND= DIVERGENT=SHELL=SHAPESa=EVOLUTION=OF=COMPLEX=PHENOTYPIC= TRAITS=IN=SCALLOPS=BIVALVIAa=PECTINIDAE A1;.3=A1*/&3)7.34+`=D*&3=C_=A)&28+`,`=J*&33*=M_=S*7'+ +D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>`=E;41:9.43`=&3)=O7,&3.82&1=B.414,>`=I4<&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=A2*8`=IA=/**++`= USA=&&1*/&3) .&89&9*_*):`=)(&)&28 .&89&9*_*):`=8*7' .&89&9*_*): ,D*5&792*39=4+=S9&9.89.(8`=I4<&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=A2*8`=IA=/**++`=USA= C43;*7,*3(*= .8= <-*7*= *6:.;&1*39= *3;.7432*398= 574):(*= 89743,= 8*1*(9.43= +47(*8= 94= ,*3*7&9*= 8.2.1&7= 5-*349>5.(= 7*85438*8= .3= 47,&3.828_= T-.8= '.414,.(&1= 5-*342*343= 574;.)*8= 89743,= *;.)*3(*= +47= &)&59&9.43= '*(&:8*= .9= 1.308= &= 85*(.Q=(= 2475-414,>= 94= &= T+0 8.3,1*=+:3(9.43=43*894843*=2&55.3,_=A19*73&9.;*1>`=&=247*=(4251*==7*1&9.438-.5=2&>= 4((:7=<-*3=(43;*7,*39=+:3(9.43=.8=1.30*)=94=).;*7,*39=2475-414,.*8_=T-.8=7*1&9.438-.5= .8=9-*=2&3>894843*=2&55.3,`=<-.(-=57*).(98=2:19.51*`=).;*78*=+4728=(&3='*=&=7.':9*)= 94=&=8.3,1*=(43;*7,*39=+:3(9.43_=S(&11458=&7*=,7*&9=24)*1=47,&3.828=94=89:)>=9-*=2&3>8 94843*=2&55.3,='*(&:8*=9-*>=*=-.'.9=&=<.)*=;&7.*9>=4+=8-*11=8-&5*8=2475-414,>`=>*9= 9-*>=431>=-&;*=8.==7*(4,3.?*)=1.+*=-&'.98=*(414,.(&1=+:3(9.43_=O3*=+&8(.3&9.3,=1.+*=-&'.9= .8=,1.).3,`=<-.(-=.8=&=:3.6:*=8<.22.3,='*-&;.47=9-&9=-&8='**3=4'8*7;*)=94=-&;*=85*(.Q=(= '.42*(-&3.(&1= 7*6:.7*2*398_= F:79-*7247*`= ,1.).3,= .3)*5*3)*391>= &748*= +4:7= 9.2*8= <.9-.3=8(&11458_=H*7*=<*=9*89=9-*=->549-*8.8=9-&9=,1.).3,=8(&11458=-&;*=(43;*7,*)=94=&= 8.3,1*=8-*11=8-&5*=):*=94=&=).7*(9=1.30=94=9-*=1.+*=-&'.9=43*894843*_=A19*73&9.;*1>`=9-*=8-*11= 8-&5*8=4+=,1.)*78=(4:1)='*=).;*7,*39`=7*R=*(9.3,=9-*=8-&5*=4+=9-*.7=7*85*(9.;*=&3(*89478`= ':9=-&;*=(43;*7,*)=43=9-*=,1.).3,=1.+*=-&'.9=2&3>894843*_=I3=9-.8=(425&7&9.;*=89:)>`= <*=6:&39.Q=*)=9-*=8-*11=8-&5*8=4+=3*&71>=0**=.3).;.):&18=+742=/*=85*(.*8=9-&9=7*57*8*39= -*. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
+4:7= 4+= 9-*= 8.== 1.+*= -&'.98= :8.3,= 1&3)2&708'&8*)= ,*42*97.(= 2475-42*97.(8_= W*= 2&9(-*)= 9-*= 8(&1145= 5->14,*3>= <.9-= 9-*= 2475-42*97.(= )&9&= &3)= 7*(43897:(9*)= &3(*897&1=8-*11=8-&5*8=94=9*89=+47=*;41:9.43&7>=5&99*738=4+=(43;*7,*3(*`=5&7&11*1.82`= &3)=).;*7,*3(*_=O:7=7*8:198=8-4<=9-&9=9-*7*=&7*=9<4=).89.3(9=8-&5*8=1.30*)=94=9-*= ,1.).3,=1.+*=-&'.9=&3)=9-&9=9-*=8-*11=8-&5*8=4+=,1.)*78=&748*=9-74:,-=(43;*7,*39`= 5&7&11*1`=&3)=).;*7,*39=*;41:9.43&7>=5&99*738_=T-.8=89:)>=8:554798=9-*=2&3>894843*= 2&55.3,='*9<**3=+472=&3)=+:3(9.43`=&3)=*=*251.+.*8=9-*=(4251*=.9>=4+=*;41:9.43= 9-&9='7.3,8=&'4:9=8:(-=&2&?.3,=).;*78.9>_
T+0_O/ EVOLUTIONARY=PATTERN=OF=SYMBIOTIC=LIFESTYLE=AND=HOST= ASSOCIATION=IN=THE=BIVALVE=SUPERFAMILY=GALEOMMATOIDEA R>:9&74=G494+`=A98:8-.=K&<&0.9&,`=H.748-.=I8-.0&<&-`=Y4.(-.=H&2&2:7&.`======M&0494=K&94/ +A92485-*7*=&3)=O(*&3=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=T-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T40>4`=/8+8/=K&8-.<&34-&`=K&8-.<&`= C-.'&=,1182/0.`=J&5&3=,4947>:9&74 ,2&.1_(42 ,C*39*7=+47=E(414,.(&1=R*8*&7(-`=K>494=U3.;*78.9>`=,8/*38-=H.7&34`=O98:`=S-.,&=/,*8,++-`= J&5&3=0&<&0.9& *(414,>_0>4948:_&(_/5 -30/8+=K&<&N=.804`=U<&/.2&`=E-.2*=1328**1/`=J&5&3==,/52 0.0 >&-44_(4_/5 .+.8+0=Y&0*>&2&8H.'&7.,&40&8(-4`=K:7*`=H.748-.2&=1-18*3*+`=J&5&3=30)7<+1+ >&-44_(4_/5 /G7&):&9*=S(-441=4+=H:2&3=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=S9:).*8`=K>494=U3.;*78.9>`=Y48-.)&8N.-432&98:8(-4`= S&0>4`=K>494=0*082/*+`=J&5&3=0&94 ?44_?441_0>4948:_&(_/5 G&1*422&94.)*&= .8= &= 8:5*7+&2.1>= 4+= 9.3>= 2&7.3*= '.;&1;*8= 9-&9= -&;*= ).;*78.+.*)= .3= 8-&114<= <&9*78_= I39*7*89.3,1>`= 2&3>= 2*2'*78= 4+= 9-.8= '.;&1;*= ,74:5= 1.;*= 8>2'.49.(&11>=43=9-*='4)>=8:7+&(*=47=.38.)*=9-*=':774<8=4+=49-*7=2&7.3*='*39-.(= .3;*79*'7&9*8`= .3(1:).3,= (7:89&(*&38`= -4149-:7.&38`= *(-.34.)8`= (3.)&7.&38`= 8.5:3(:1&38=&3)=*(-.:7&38_=T-*8*=8>2'.49.(=85*(.*8=*=-.'.9=-.,-=-489=85*(.+.(.9>`= (422*38&1=.39*7&(9.438=<.9-=-4898=&3)=*=97*2*=2475-414,.(&1`='*-&;.4:7&1=&3)= *(414,.(&1=&)&59&9.43=94=&=8>2'.49.(=1.+*89>1*_=I3=&)).9.43`=9-.8=8:5*7+&2.1>=.3(1:)*8= 2&3>=+7**81.;.3,=85*(.*8=9-&9=&7*=4+9*3=&99&(-*)=94=9-*=:3)*78:7+&(*=4+=74(08=.3= 9-*=.39*79.)&1=?43*_=A3=.397.,:.3,=6:*89.43=.8=-4<=9-*8*=).;*78*=1.+*89>1*8=&3)=-489= &884(.&9.438=*;41;*)=.3=9-.8=8:5*7+&2.1>_=H*7*`=<*=57*8*39=9-*=+.789=(4257*-*38.;*= 241*(:1&7=5->14,*3>=4+=G&1*422&94.)*&=:8.3,=9-7**=3:(1*&7=,*3*8=+2S`=,2S=&3)= T+0 H-=&3)=43*=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*3*=COI=+742=.*=,&1*422&94.)*&3=85*(.*8='*143,.3,= 94= ,2= ,*3*7&_= A8= &= 7*8:19`= 8.== <*1188:55479*)= 2&/47= (1&)*8= <*7*= +4:3)= <.9-.3= G&1*422&94.)*&`=<-.(-=)4=349=(477*8543)=94=9-*=97&).9.43&1=(1&88.+.(&9.43_=A11=9-*= 2&/47=(1&)*8=.3(1:)*=8>2'.49.(=85*(.*8`=<-*7*&8=9<4=4+=9-*2=.3(1:)*=+7**81.;.3,= 85*(.*8_=T-*=&3&1>8*8=8:,,*89=9-&9=9-*=(4143.8&9.43=4+=(7:89&(*&38`=-4149-:7.&38`= 8.5:3(:1&38=&3)=*(-.:7&38=4((:77*)=2:19.51*=9.2*8_=F:79-*7247*`=9-*=&884(.&9*)= -4898= <*7*= 4+9*3= ).;*7,*39= &9= 9-*= 5->1:2= 1*;*1= <.9-.3= 9-*= 8&2*= 2&/47= (1&)*8`= 8:,,*89.3,=9-&9=-489=8<.9(-.3,='*9<**3=).++*7*39=5->1&=4((:77*)=7*5*&9*)1>_=O:7= 7*8:198=8:,,*89=9-&9=9-*=(4143.8&9.43=4+=;&7.4:8=-489=9&=&=&3)=-489=8<.9(-.3,=-&;*= 51&>*)=&3=.25479&39=741*=.3=9-*=*;41:9.43=&3)=).;*78.+.(&9.43=4+=,&1*422&94.)*&3= '.;&1;*8_ ABSTRACTS -*/
T+0_P+ DWARFISM=IN=AÇOREAN=BIVALVESa=A=CONSEQUENCE=OF=EITHER= LATITUDE=OR=PRODUCTIVITY=OR=BOTH B7.&3=M47943+`=R*,.3&=T7.89D4=)&=C:3-&,`=A393.4=M_=)*=F7.&8=M&79.38, +D*5&792*39=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*`=T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=C742<*11=R4&)`=L43)43=SW1=/BD`=U_K 574+'247943 -492&.1_(4_:0 ,CIBIO`=C*3974=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=*2=B.4).;*78.)&)*=*=R*(:7848=G*3S9.(48`=I3BIO=L&'47&97.4=A884(.&)4`= P414=)48=AO47*8`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=P479:,&1=7(:3-& :&(_59`=+7.&8 :&(_59 B*7,2&338= 7:1*= 89&9*8= 9-&9= <.9-.3= &= '74&)1>8).897.':9*)= 9&=4342.(= (1&)*`= 85*(.*8= &3)= 545:1&9.438=4+=1&7,*7=8.?*=4((:7=.3=(41)*7=*3;.7432*398`=<-*7*&8=9-48*=4+=82&11*7=8.?*=&7*= +4:3)=.3=<&72*7=7*,.438_=T-*=2&7.3*='.;&1;*8=4+=P&(.Q=(=.81&3)8`=*85*(.&11>=9-48*=4((:5>.3,= (47&1=7**+8`=&7*=7*1&9.;*1>=85*(.*8=5447=.3=(425&7.843=<.9-=(439.3*39&1=-&'.9&98_=T-.8=2&>= 7*8:19=+742=.841&9.43`=-.,-*7=9*25*7&9:7*8=&3)=14<=3:97.*39=8:551.*8_=C43;*78*1>`=9-*=-.,-*7= '.;&1;*=).;*78.9>=4+=3*&788-47*=(439.3*39&1=<&9*78=2&>=7*R=*(9=,7*&9*7=-&'.9&9=).;*78.9>`=+47= *=&251*`=7.;*7=&3)=1&,443&1=*89:&7.3*=8>89*28`=':9=&184=-.,-*7=(4&89&1=574):(9.;.9>=1*;*18_ AO47*&3=<&9*78=&7*=7*1&9.;*1>=)*5&:5*7&9*=.3=9*728=4+='.;&1;*=).;*78.9>`=9-*7*='*.3,=431>=842*= /*=85*(.*8=7*(47)*)=94=)&9*_=M489=944=&7*=8:'89.)&1_=A3&1>8.8=4+=1&7,*=3:2'*78=4+='.;&1;*8`= 2&.31>=8-*118`=(411*(9*)=+742=)7*),.3,=45*7&9.438=(43):(9*)=Q=789=.3=,**0=&3)=8:'8*6:*391>`= -&8=7*;*&1*)=9-&9`=4;*77.).3,1>`=*&(-=85*(.*8=.8=':9=5/*=9-*=8-*11=1*3,9-=8.?*=4+=M*).9*77&3*&3= (4385*(.Q=(8_=B.;&1;*=8.?*=)*(1.3*8=.397&885*(.Q=(&11>=<.9-=)*(7*&8.3,=1&9.9:)*=&3)=9-.8=2&>= &551>=94=9-*=AO47*&3=85*(.*8_=S.3(*`=-4<*;*7`=9-*=.81&3)8=&7*=14(&9*)=&9=&5574=.2&9*1>=9-*= 8&2*=1&9.9:)*=&8=9-*=M*).9*77&3*&3=&3)=&7*=.3R=:*3(*)='>=9-*8*=<&9*78`=9-*=2&.3=7*&843= +47='.;&1;*=)<&7Q=82=.3=9-*=&7(-.5*1&,4=&55*&78=94=7*8:19=+742=14<`=4(*&3.(`=574):(9.;.9>= 349=1&9.9:)*_=T-.8`=.3=9:73`=.8=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=14<=545:1&9.43=8.?*8`=8&;*=+47=E7;.1.&=(&89&3*&`= <-.(-=-*7*=4;*7<-*12.3,1>=4((:5.*8=-.,-8*3*7,>=.38-47*=-&'.9&98=&3)=&884(.&9*)=-.,-*7= 574):(9.;.9.*8_=N*;*79-*1*88`=9-.8=85*(.*8=944=.8=)<&7+*)='>=2&.31&3)=(4385*(.Q=(8_=S.2.1&71>`= 9-*=.3974):(*)=V*3*7:5.88=)*(:88&9&`=+4:3)=841*1>=<.9-.3=9-*=1&,443&1=*3;.7432*39=4+=F&/D=)*= S&394=C7.894=43=SD4=J47,*`=.8=842*<-&9=82&11*7=9-&3=.98=2&.31&3)=(4385*(.Q=(8`=&19-4:,-=.9=.8= &':3)&39=*34:,-=94=<&77&39=&79.8&3&1=*=514.9&9.43_=T-.8=89:)>=9-*7*+47*=&7,:*8=+47=9-*=741*= 4+=3:97.*398`=47=7&9-*7=9-*.7=)*Q=(.*3(>`=.3=7*,:1&9.3,=AO47*&3='.;&1;*=85*(.*8=).;*78.9>=&3)= .3).;.):&1=2&=.2:2=8.?*_=I3=<&9*78=4+=14(&11>=-.,-*7=574):(9.;.9.*8`=-4<*;*7`=545:1&9.43= )*38.9.*8=.3(7*&8*_ T+0 T+0_P, MORFO8ANATOMICAL=COMPARISON=OF=GENUS=CRASSOSTREA=AND= SACCOSTREA=BIVALVIAa=OSTREIDAEa=CRASSOSTREINAE V&3*88&=S.2D4=)4=A2&7&1`=L:.?=R.(&7)4=L_=S.243* +M:8*:=)*=Z4414,.&=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=SD4=P&:14=:=MZSP=A;*3.)&=N&?&7S`=.2+=:=I5.7&3,&`=SD4=P&:14=:= SP`=B7&?.1=CEPa=.,0-8***=;&3*88&8.2&4 :85_'7=178.243* :85_'7= T-*=9&=4342>=4+=&12489=&11=,74:58=4+=B.;&1;.&=.8=;*7>=(43+:8.3,`=9-*7*=.8=&=&24:39=4+= 85*(.*8=94='*=)*8(7.'*)`=9-*=49-*7=034<3=89.11=7*6:.7*=&='*=*7=)*Q=3.9.43_=K34<1*),*= 4+=&3&942>=.8=*=97*2*1>=8-&114<=&3)=7*897.(9*)=94=&=+*<=7*57*8*39&9.;*8_=T-.8=-&55*38= *;*3=.3=,74:58=4+=,7*&9=(422*7(.&1=.39*7*89`=8:(-=&8=4>89*78_ T-*= .)*39.Q=(&9.43= 4+= 4>89*78= .8= ).T==(:19= ):*= 94= 9-*= -.,-= )*,7**= 4+= 5-*349>5.(= 51&89.(.9>_=T-*=5:7*=:8*=4+=*=9*73&1=2475-414,>=-&8=(&:8*)=*77478=.3=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=&3)= -*0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
(1&88.Q=(&9.43_=D.;*78*=85*(.*8=4((:7=8>25&97.(&11>=&3)=&7*=97&385479*)=94=&6:&(:19:7*_= A((:7&9*=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=4+=85*(.*8=4+=4>89*78=.8=*88*39.&1=+47=7*8*&7(-=&3)=&6:&(:19:7*_= I3= C7&884897*.3&*`= 9-*= ,*3:8= S&((4897*&= &3)= S97.4897*&= -&;*= &= )*39.(1*8= .3= 2&7,.3&1= ;&1;*8`=3&2*)=(-742&9&`=&3)=.3=,*3:8=C7&884897*&=.8=&'8*39`=(-&7&(9*7.89.(=4+=,*3:8_= A3&942.(&11>`=5742.&1=(-&2'*7=.8=57*8*39=.3=C7&884897*.3&*=&3)=P>(34)439.3&*`=&'8*39= .3=49-*78=O897*.)&*_ C7&884897*&=4>89*78`=.3=B7&?.1`=&7*=545:1&71>=034<3=&8=2&3,74;*='&308_=T-*8*='&308=&7*= +472*)=.3=9-*=.39*79.)&1=&3)=8:'9.)&1=*3;.7432*39`='49-=.3='*)74(0=&3)=.3=9-*=74498=4+= R-.?45-47&=97**8_=A((47).3,=94=9-*=).88*79&9.43=57*8*39*)=.3=IBUSP=A2&7&1`=,*+*`=9-*7*= &7*=9<4=85*(.*8=4((:77.3,=.3=B7&?.1a=C_=7-.?45-47&*=431>=.3=2&3,74;*8=.39*79.)&1=?43*= &3)=C_='7&8.1.&3&=+4:3)=43=9-*=74(0>=8-47*8=&3)=2&3,74;*8=8:'9.)&1_= S5*(.*8= 4+= 9-*= ,*3:8= S&((4897*&= &7*= (42243= .3= 74(0>= 8-47*8= 4+= 9-*= I3)48P&(.Q=(_= T-*= 9&=4342>=4+=9-.8=,*3:8=.8=:3(1*&7`=&8=9-*=2475-414,.(&1=51&89.(.9>=&243,=9-*=(4389.9:*39= 85*(.*8=7&.8*8=(43+:8.43=.3=9-*=.)*39.Q=(&9.43_= S.,3.Q=(&39=&3&942.(=).S=*7*3(*8=<*7*=+4:3)=.3=&12489=&11=897:(9:7*8`=&114<.3,=85*(.*8= ).S=*7*39.&9.43= &3)= .)*39.Q=(&9.43_= T-*= ).S=*7*39.&9.43= '*9<**3= 9-*= 85*(.*8= C7&884897*&= '&8*)=431>=43=9-*=8-*11=.8=(4251.(&9*)`=8.3(*=9-*=897:(9:7*=-&8=5-*349>5.(=51&89.(.9>=&3)= 2&>'*=(-&3,*8=(&:8*)='>=&)&59&9.43=94=9-*=*3;.7432*39_ T-.8= <470= 57*8*398= 2475-48&3&942.(&1= (425&7.8438= '*9<**3= +4:7= 85*(.*8= 4+= *&(-= ,*3:8a=C7&884897*&=7-.?45-47&*`=C_='7&8.1.&3&`=C_=;.7,.3.(&`=C_=,.,&8`=S&((4897*&=(:(:11&9&`=S_= *(-.3&9&`=S_=5&12:1&=&3)=S_=8(>5-45-.11&_=
T+0_P- A=SURVEY=OF=BIVALVES=FROM=NORTHERN=SEABOARD=OF=THE= SÃO=PAULO=STATE`=BRAZIL L*3.9&=)*=F7*.9&8=T&11&7.(4+`=F1@;.4=D.&8=P&8848,`=F&'7.?.4=M&7(43)*8=M&(-&)4,`= A7.&3*=C&2548+`=S-.71*.=M&7.&=R*((48P.2*39*1+`=G.8*1*=O71&3).=I3974c3.+`- +D*5&792*39=4+=S97:(9:7&1=&3)=F:3(9.43&1=B.414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>`=C-&71*8=D&7<.3=S9`= S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&25.3&8`=+-*2-820-`=C&25.3&8`=SP`=B7&?.1=1*9&11&7.(4 ,2&.1_(42`======&7.&3**(&2548 ,2&.1_(42`=8-.71*. :3.(&25_'7`=,.8*1*471&3). ,2&.1_(42 ,D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=B.414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.414,>`=C-&71*8=D&7<.3=S9`=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&25.3&8`= +-*2-820-`=C&25.3&8`=SP`=B7&?.1=R=&;.4)5 :3.(&25_'7`=+&'7.?.42&7(43)*8 >&-44_(42_'7 -F*)*7&1=F4:3)&9.43=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H*&19-=S(.*3(*8`=P4794=A1*,7*=S&72*394=L*.9*=S9`=,./`=3**/*8+1*`= T+0 P4794=A1*,7*`=RS`=B7&?.1 I3= B7&?.1`= .9= .8= *89.2&9*)= 9-&9= 9-*7*= &7*= &74:3)= +***= 85*(.*8= 4+= '.;&1;*8`= &3)= /:89= &5574=.2&9*1>= .**= -&;*= '**3= 7*,.89*7*)_= O31>= .3= 9-*= SD4= P&:14= S9&9*= .9= .8= 8:5548*)= 9-&9=9-*7*=8-4:1)='*=&74:3)=-**=85*(.*8`=4+=<-.(-=4;*7=9-&3=+3*=-&;*='**3=)*8(7.'*)_= D*85.9*= 9-*= <.)*= '.;&1;*8= '.4).;*78.9>= .3= 9-*= 7*,.43`= 9-*= 034<1*),*= .8= 89.11= 8(&7(*`= *85*(.&11>=&'4:9=)**5=<&9*78`=<-.(-=431>=7*(*391>='*,&3=94='*=*=514.9*)_=C438.)*7.3,= 9-*=1&(0=4+=:5)&9*)=7*(47)8=&'4:9=2411:8(&3=;&7.*9>=&3)=14(&1.?&9.43=4+=9-*8*=47,&3.828= &9=9-*=3479-*73=8*&'4&7)=4+=SD4=P&:14=S9&9*`=9-*=57*8*39=<470=&.28=94=574):(*=&=8:7;*>= 4+= '.;&1;*= 85*(.*8= 9-&9= .3-&'.9= 9-*= SD4= S*'&89.D4= C-&33*1`= '*9<**3= I1-&'*1&= &3)= SD4= S*'&89.D4=2:3.(.5&1.9.*8`=+742=-&7;*89.3,8=2&)*='*9<**3=,*+*=&3)=,*+,=.3=9-*=.39*79.)&1= &3)=8:'9.)&1=?43*8_=A=949&1=4+=-22=1.;.3,=85*(.2*38=<*7*=(411*(9*)`=+742=/,=85*(.*8=4+=-.= ,*3*7&`='*143,.3,=94=+2=+&2.1.*8=4+=Q=;*=47)*78=4+=B.;&1;.&_=T-*=+&2.1.*8`=6:&39.9&9.;*1>= 47)*7*)`=<*7*a=T*11.3.)&*`=V*3*7.)&*`=S*2*1.)&*`=U3,:1.3.)&*`=M&(97.)&*`=S41*(:79.)&*`= C47':1.)&*`=C&7)..)&*`=L:(.3.)&*`=P*97.(41.)&*`=N:(:1.)&*`=P8&224'..)&*`=D43&(.)&*`= ABSTRACTS -*1
S41*3.)&*`= P*7.5142&9.)&*`= T-7&(..)&*= &3)= A7(.)&*_= A243,= 9-*= .)*39.Q=*)= 85*(.*8`= C&7>4(47':1&=(&7.'&*&`=C4)&0.&=5*(9.3*11&=&3)=D.514)439&=5:3(9&9&=<*7*=9-*=2489=&':3)&39= .3= .39*79.)&1`= <-.1*= M&(42&= :7:,:&>*38.8= &3)= P.9&7= +:12.3&9&= .3= 8:'9.)&1= ?43*_= R&7*= 85*(.*8=<*7*=&184=+4:3)`=8:(-=&8`=T-7&(.&=8.2.1.8`=S41*(:79:8=8&3(9&2&79-&*=&3)=P-1>(9.)*72&= 8*2.&85*7&_= A11= 85*(.2*38= <*7*= 2*9.(:14:81>= ).88*(9*)= &3)= (438*7;*)= .3= 47)*7= 94= .3;*89.,&9*=,&2*9*8`=&3&942>`=8-*118=&3)=241*(:1*8_=O:7=7*8:198=(7*&9*)=&3=.3;*3947>=4+= 85*(.*8=4((:77*3(*8=(&5&'1*=4+=(4397.':9.3,=94=2&3&,*2*39=51&38=&3)=57*8*7;&9.43=4+= 9-*=3479-*73=8*&'4&7)=4+=9-*=SD4=P&:14=S9&9*`=&=+7&,.1*=*3;.7432*39&1=-*7.9&,*_ F.3&3(.&1=S:55479a=PNPD2CAPES=++*02,*+*=&3)=FAPESP=,*+*2+/.2082_
T+0 -*2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+1 T+1_O+ HOX=AND=PARAHOX=GENE=EXPRESSION=DURING=DEVELOPMENT= OF=THE=TROCHID=GASTROPOD=GIBBULA=VARIAa== HOW=IDIOSYNCRATIC=ARE=MOLLUSCS G*7-&7)=S9*.3*7+`=L*>1.=S&2&)., +D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=A19-&3897_=+.`=+*3*= V.*33&`=A:897.&=,*7-&7)_89*.3*7 :3.;.*_&(_&9 ,D*5&792*39=4+=N*:74'.414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=A19-&3897_=+.`=+*3*=V.*33&`= A:897.&=1*.1._8&2&). :3.;.*_&(_&9 H4==97&38(7.59.43=+&(9478=&7*=*=57*88*)=.3=).89.3(9`=4V=*3=4;*71&55.3,`=)42&.38=&143,=9-*= )*;*145.3,=&39*7.4785489*7.47='4)>=&=.8=4+=&3.2&1=*2'7>48_=D:7.3,=9-*=.397&(&58:1&7= )*;*1452*39=4+=G.'':1&=;&7.&=&11=*1*;*3=)*9*(9*)=H4==,*3*8=&7*=*=57*88*)=.3=*(94)*728 )*7.;*)=(*118`=431>=H4=/=.8=&)).9.43&11>=)*9*(9*)=.3=9-*=*394)*72_=L4=/`=8.`=&3)=8,=&7*= *=57*88*)=.3=9-*=&5.(&1=47,&3=):7.3,=974(-45-47*=89&,*8`=&3)=.3=9-*=(*7*'7&1=,&3,1.&= ):7.3,=;*1.,*7=89&,*8_=F:79-*7=5489*7.471>`=H4=,`=8-`=8.`=8/`=&3)=81=(4397.':9*=.3=5&=*73.3,= 9-*=49-*7=2&/47=,&3,1.&_=H4=+`=P489+`=&3)=P489,=,*3*8=&7*=.3;41;*)=.3=8-*11=2475-4,*3*8.8= &3)=8**2=94=-&;*=1489=9-*.7=741*=.3=3*:74,*3*8.8_=A)).9.43&1=*=57*88.43=)42&.38=4+=H4=1= &3)=L4=.=&7*=9-*=1&7;&1=57494974(-=&3)=;*1&7=&7*&8`=<-.(-=(4397&898=<.9-=9-*=*=57*88.43= 4+=9-*8*=,*3*8=.3=&33*1.)8=<-*7*=2489=4+=H4==,*3*8=&7*=*=57*88*)=.3=548=74(-&1=&7*&=&3)= &7*=.3;41;*)=.3=8*,2*39&1=)*9*72.3&9.43_=T-.8=2&>=.3).(&9*=&=+:3)&2*39&11>=).S=*7*39= 741*=4+=9-*8*=,*3*8=.3=G&897454)&`=47=*;*3=.3=2411:8(8=.3=,*3*7&1_=W-*7*&8=P&7&H4==,*3*= *=57*88.43=5&=*738=&7*=8.2.1&7=94=9-&9=4+=&33*1.)8`=G.'':1&=H4==,*3*8=)4=349=8-4<=85&9.&1= (41.3*&7.9>=47=*=57*88.43=.3=&3>=2*84)*72&1=(*118_=B49-=+*&9:7*8=2&>='*=(477*1&9*)=<.9-= 8>3(-743.?.3,=*(948=&3)=2*84)*72&1=).S=*7*39.&9.43=.3=8*,2*39*)=&3.2&18_=T-.8=89:)>= <&8=8:55479*)='>=9-*=MOLMORPH=3*9<470=M&7.*=C:7.*=F*114<8-.58=+47=E&71>=S9&,*= R*8*&7(-=T7&.3.3,`=MEST8CT8,**/=8=*,*/.,_=
T+1_O, POU=GENE=EXPRESSION=IN=THE=CEPHALOPOD=IDIOSEPIUS=NOTOIDES T.2=W411*8*3+`=C&72*1=M(D4:,&11,`=B*73&7)=M_=D*,3&3,`=A3)7*&8=W&33.3,*7+ +U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=F&(:19>=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,>=A19-&3897&I*=+.`= +*3*=V.*33&`=A:897.&=9.2_<411*8*3 :3.;.*_&(_&9`=&3)7*&8_<&33.3,*7 :3.;.*_&(_&9 ,S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=T-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=Q:**381&3)`=B7.8'&3*`=Q:**381&3)=.*1,`=A:897&1.& T+1 C*5-&1454)8=&7*=(438.)*7*)=9-*=2489=.39*11.,*39=.3;*79*'7&9*8=&3)=5488*88=&=8:.9*=4+= 845-.89.(&9*)=8*3847>=47,&38=&3)=&=(4251*==(*397&1=3*7;4:8=8>89*2=CNS_=H4<*;*7`= 7*2&70&'1>= 1.=1*= .8= 034<3= &'4:9= 9-*= 241*(:1&7= 2*(-&3.828= :3)*71>.3,= 9-*.7= '7&.3= )*;*1452*39_=POU=,*3*8=*3(4)*=97&38(7.59.43=+&(9478=<-.(-=(4397.':9*=94=9-*=(477*(9= 85&9.489*2547&1=*=57*88.43=4+=9&7,*9=,*3*8=):7.3,=CNS=)*;*1452*39_=P7*;.4:8=89:).*8= 43=9-*8*=-42*4'4==,*3*8=-&;*=2&.31>=+4(:88*)=43=;*79*'7&9*=&3)=*()>84?4&3=24)*1= 85*(.*8_ T-*= 57*8*39= 89:)>= .8= (43(*73*)= <.9-= 9-*= *=57*88.43= 4+= 9-7**= POU= ,*3*8= ):7.3,= )*;*1452*39= 4+= 9-*= CNS= 4+= 9-*= 5>,2>= 86:.)= I).48*5.:8= 3494.)*8_= T-*= *=57*88.43= 4+= I34POU,`=I34POU-`=&3)=I34P4:0=-&8='**3=.3;*89.,&9*)=.3=*&71>=)*;*1452*39&1=89&,*8= :5=94=5489-&9(-.3,=.3).;.):&18_=A11=9-7**=,*3*8=&7*=841*1>=*=57*88*)=.3=&=1.2.9*)=9.2*= ABSTRACTS -*3
+7&2*=.3=).89.3(9=)*;*1452*39&1=89&,*8=4+=I_=3494.)*8_=I34POU-=.8=<*&01>=*=57*88*)=.3= 9-*=&31&,*3=4+=9-*=(*7*'7&1=&3)=5&11.4;.8(*7&1=,&3,1.&=4+=89&,*=+3=*2'7>48_=S:'8*6:*39= )*;*1452*39&1= 89&,*8= *=-.'.9= I34POU-= *=57*88.43= .3= 5&798= 4+= 9-*= 8:57&8= &3)= 8:'*845-&,*&1=2&88*8_=I3=(4397&89`=34=I34POU,=&3)=I34POU0=*=57*88.43=<&8=4'8*7;*)= :39.1=89&,*=,._=A11=9-7**=,*3*8=&7*=89743,1>=*=57*88*)=.3=9-*=8:57&8&3)=8:'*845-&,*&1= 2&88*8=.3=89&,*8=,.8,0=<-*3=9-*=.3).;.):&1='7&.3=14'*8=).S=*7*39.&9*_=N43*=4+=9-*=9-7**= ,*3*8=.8=*=57*88*)=.3=1&9*=57*-&9(-.3,=89&,*8=47=-&9(-1.3,8_ T-*=57*8*39=)&9&=&7,:*=+47=&=741*=4+=I34POU,`=I34POU-`=&3)=I34P4:0=.3=9-*=).S=*7*39.&9.43= 4+= (*5-&1454)= '7&.3= 14'*8_= T-*= *=57*88.43= 4+= I34POU-= ):7.3,= 89&,*= +3= 8:,,*898= .98= .3;41;*2*39=.3=9-*=+472&9.43=4+=9-*=*&71>=,&3,1.&=<-.(-=,.;*=7.8*=94=&11=&):19='7&.3=14'*8_= A11=9-7**=POU=,*3*8=9-*7*+47*=&7*=*=57*88*)=.3=9-*=3*:74,*3*8.8=4+=I_=3494.)*8=&8=9-*.7= 479-414,8=.3=49-*7=2411:8(8=,&897454)8=&3)='.1&9*7.&38=*_,_=+7:.9=R=>=&3)=24:8*_
T+1_O- LOOK=OUT=REVEALING=PHOTOSENSITIVE=STRUCTURES= AND=THE=CORRESPONDING=MOLECULAR=BASIS=IN=THE=SCALLOP`= ARGOPECTEN=IRRADIANS A3.9&=J_=P47&9-8K7&:8*`=J*&33*=M_=S*7' D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>`=E;41:9.43`=&3)=O7,&3.82&1=B.414,>`=I4<&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=,*+=B*88*>`=A2*8`= IA=/**++`=USA=&/07&:8* .&89&9*_*):`=8*7' .&89&9*_*): T-*=&):19=8(&1145=5488*88*8=:5=94=,**=2.774789>5*=*>*8=&143,=9-*=*),*=4+=2&391*=9.88:*= 9-&9=1.3*8=9-*=1*V==&3)=7.,-9=;&1;*8=4+=9-*=&3.2&1_=L.0*=3*&71>=&11=5-4948*38.9.;*=897:(9:7*8= .3=2*9&?4&38`=8(&1145=*>*8=7*6:.7*=&=G85749*.3=(4:51*)=7*(*5947=GPCR=458.3='4:3)= 94=&=1.,-98*38.9.;*=(-74245-47*=94=7*8543)=94=1.,-9_=W*=-&;*=.)*39.Q=*)=9<4=).S=*7*39= G68(4:51*)=458.3=,*3*8=*=57*88*)=.3=9-*=*>*=4+=9-*=8(&1145`=A7,45*(9*3=.77&).&38_=T-*= 9<4=,*3*8=(439&.3=&2.34=&(.)=249.+8=3*(*88&7>=+47=(-74245-47*='.3).3,=&3)=5749*.3= +41).3,`=8:,,*89.3,=9-&9='49-=&7*=+:3(9.43&1_=S:757.8.3,1>`=9-*8*=8(&1145=458.3=,*3*8=).S=*7= '>=./=&9=9-*=&2.34=&(.)=1*;*1`=<-.(-=.8=9<.(*=&8=2&3>=).S=*7*3(*8=&8=8**3='*9<**3=7*)= &3)=,7**3=458.38=:8*)=+47=(414:7=;.8.43=.3=57.2&9*8_=T-*8*=)&9&=8:,,*89=9-&9=9-*=9<4=G68 458.3=5749*.38=2&>=7*8543)=94=).S=*7*39=<&;*1*3,9-8=4+=1.,-9`=574;.).3,=57*1.2.3&7>= *;.)*3(*=9-&9=8(&11458=:8*=).(-742&9.(=;.8.43=.3=&=8.2.1&7=2&33*7=&8=97.(-742&9.(=;.8.43= .3=57.2&9*8_=D.(-742&9.(=;.8.43=<4:1)=7*6:.7*=9-&9=458.38=&7*=+=*=57*88*)=.3=9-*=8&2*= 7*9.3&=&3)=,=).S=*7=.3=<&;*1*3,9-=8*38.9.;.9>=+:3(9.43_=H*7*`=<*=&))7*88=.+=8(&11458= -&;*=9-*=&'.1.9>=94=)*9*(9=(4397&89=).(-742&9.(=;.8.43='>=*=&2.3.3,=85&9.&1=*=57*88.43= 5&=*738= 4+= 458.3`= &3)= *89.2&9.3,= +:3(9.43= '>= 24)*11.3,= 9-*= 9*79.&7>= 897:(9:7*= 4+= 9-*= T+1 9<4= ,*3*= 574):(98_= R*8:198= +742= 4:7= .3= 8.9:= ->'7.).?&9.43= *=5*7.2*398= 4+= *>*8= &3)= 49-*7= 549*39.&1= 1.,-988*38.9.;*= 9.88:*8= )*9*72.3*)= 9-&9= &9= 1*&89= 43*= G68458.3= ,*3*= .8= *=57*88*)=.3=9-*=9*39&(1*=3*7;*8_=A)).9.43&11>`=(425&7.843=4+=5749*.3=+41).3,=.3).(&9*8= 897:(9:7&1= 6:&39.9&9.;*= ).S=*7*3(*8= '*9<**3= 9-*= 9<4= G68458.3= ,*3*8`= 8:,,*89.3,= ).;*7,*39=<&;*1*3,9-=8*38.9.;.9.*8_=F:9:7*=<470=<.11=(4251*2*39=4:7=7*8:198='>=).7*(91>= 2*&8:7.3,=9-*=<&;*1*3,9-=8*38.9.;.9>=4+=*&(-=G68458.3_ -+* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+1_O. IDENTIFYING=THE=MOLECULAR=LINK=BETWEEN=PHOTOSENSITIVE=TISSUES= AND=THE=EYES=OF=THE=BAY=SCALLOP`=ARGOPECTEN=IRRADIANS A:9:2=N_=P&.7*=`=J*&33*=M_=S*7' +D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>`=E;41:9.43`=&3)=O7,&3.82&1=B.414,>`=I4<&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=,/+=B*88*>=H&11`= A2*8`=IA=/**++`=USA=&5&.7*= .&89&9*_*):`=8*7' .&89&9*_*): M411:8(8=:9.1.?*=&=;&89=&77&>=4+=5-4947*(*59.;*=897:(9:7*8`=8:(-=&8=(4251*==*>*8=(&5&'1*=4+= 85&9.&1=;.8.43=47=8.251*=5-4947*(*59.;*=3*:7438=+4:3)=.3=9-*=2&391*=9.88:*=*=97&84(:1&7= 5-4947*(*59.43`=EOP_=EOP=.8=:'.6:.94:8=.3=2411:8(8`=<-.1*=85&9.&1=;.8.43=-&8=*;41;*)= .3)*5*3)*391>=2:19.51*=9.2*8_=T-.8=5&=*73=8:,,*898=9-&9`=9-74:,-=9-*=7*(7:.92*39=4+= 5-4948*38.9.;*= 2&(-.3*7>= +742= 43*= 8>89*2= 94= &349-*7`= EOP= 2&>= '*= &3= *;41:9.43&7>= 84:7(*=4+=*>*8_=S(&11458=P*(9.3.)&*=&7*=<*11=034<3=+47=2.774789>5*=*>*8=+4:3)=&143,= 9-*.7= 2&391*= *),*= 43= 24).Q=*)= 9*39&(1*8`= &3)= 7*57*8*39= &3= *=(*11*39= 455479:3.9>= 94= 89:)>=9-*=7*1&9.438-.5=4+=EOP=&3)=;.8.43_=H*7*=<*=9*89=<-*9-*7=9-*=8(&1145=*>*=8-&7*8= 5-49497&38):(9.43=8>89*28=<.9-=EOP=.3=9-*=2&391*='>=&3&1>?.3,=,*3*=*=57*88.43=.3= ;.8:&1= *>*8`= 5:9&9.;*1>= 5-4947*(*59.;*= 9*39&(1*`= &3)= 34385-4947*(*59.;*= &)):(947= 2:8(1*= 9.88:*8= +742= 9-*= '&>= 8(&1145`= A7,45*(9*3= .77&).&38_= RNA= <&8= *=97&(9*)= +742= 9.88:*8=(411*(9*)=&V=*7=3=-4:78=.3=)&70=47=3=-4:78=.3=1.,-9=9-*3=8*6:*3(*)=43=9-*=I11:2.3&= H.S*6,***_==T-.8=89:)>=9*898=9-7**=->549-*8*8a=+=I+=8(&1145=9*39&(1*8=+:3(9.43=.3=EOP= &3)= 349= 841*1>= (-*247*(*59.43`= 9-*>= <.11= (439&.3= 9-*= 241*(:1&7= (42543*398= 4+= 9-*= 5-49497&38):(9.43=5&9-<&>`=<-.(-=&7*=7*6:.7*)=+47=5-4947*(*59.43b=,=P-4948*38.9.;*= 47,&38=<.11=8-4<=.3(7*&8*)=*=57*88.43=1*;*18=4+=5-49497&38):(9.43=,*3*8=:3)*7=1.,-9= (43).9.438=<-*3=(425&7*)=94=9-*=)&70=97*&92*39b=-=I+=9-*=241*(:1&7=(42543*398=+47= 5-49497&38):(9.43=.3=9-*=8(&1145=7*9.3&=*;41;*)=+742=EOP`=5-49497&38):(9.43=,*3*8=<.11= '*=(48*=57*88*)='*9<**3=*>*=&3)=9*39&(1*_=A19*73&9.;*1>`=.+=9-*=8(&1145=*>*=).)=349=*;41;*= ).7*(91>=+742=EOP`=':9=.389*&)='>=9-*=(48459.43=4+=,*3*8=+742=49-*7=8*3847>=8>89*28`= 9-*3=).S=*7*39=,*3*8=8-4:1)='*=:9.1.?*)=+47=5-49497&38):(9.43=.3=9-*=*>*=&3)=9*39&(1*_= R*8:198=+742=9-.8=<470=7*57*8*39=9-*=Q=789=241*(:1&7=(-&7&(9*7.?&9.43=4+=2&391*8'&8*)= EOP=.3='.;&1;*8=&3)=.)*39.Q=*8=5488.'1*=1.308='*9<**3=9<4=.3)*5*3)*39=5-4947*(*59.;*= 8>89*28`=9-:8=.251.(&9.3,=2*(-&3.828=9-&9=,*3*7&9*)=9-*=).;*78.9>=4+=2411:8(&3=*>*8_=
T+1_*/ DEVELOPMENT=OF=THE=MANTLE=EDGE=IN=NODIPECTEN=NODOSUS= BIVALVIAa=PECTINIDAE=AND=ITS=IMPLICATIONS=FOR=UNDERSTANDING= T+1 THE=FUNCTIONAL=ONTOGENY=OF=SCALLOP=PALLIAL=FOLDS J47,*=A_=A:).34`=J48S=E):&7)4=A_R_=M&7.&3`=S3.&=G_B_C_=L45*8 D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.48(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=SD4=P&:14`=R:&=)4=M&9D4`=T7&;*88&=+.`= 3_=+*+`=*//*28*3*`=SD4=P&:14`=SP`=B7&?.1=/47,*&:).34 .'_:85_'7`=/*):&7)42&7.&3 >&-44_(42_'7`= 843.&145 .'_:85_'7 T-*= 2&391*= 2&7,.3= -&8= 5&79.(:1&7= 741*8= .3= 9-*= 1.+*= 4+= '.;&1;*8`= .39*7&(9.3,= <.9-= 9-*= *3;.7432*39=&3)=51&>.3,=8*;*7&1=).S=*7*39=+:3(9.438_=G*3*7&11>`=9-.8=7*,.43=.8=(4257.8*)= 4+= 9-7**= ).89.3(9= +41)8= <.9-= 1&7,*= 2475-414,.(&1= ).;*78.9>= .3= B.;&1;.&_= I3= P*(9.3.)&*`= 9-*= 2&391*= *),*= .8= *85*(.&11>= (4251*=`= <.9-= 9*39&(1*8= &3)= 5&11.&1= *>*8= 8(&=*7*)= &11= 4;*7='49-=2&7,.38`=&3)=&=1&7,*=(:79&.381.0*=+41)=(&11*)=;*1:2_=A19-4:,-=5*(9.3.)8=&7*= &= <*11889:).*)= ,74:5`= 9-*7*= &7*= 34= 85*(.Q=(= 89:).*8= 5*7+472*)= 43= 9-*.7= 2&391*= *),*= ABSTRACTS -++
(438.)*7.3,= .98= &3&942>= &3)= )*;*1452*39_= M47*4;*7`= 1.=1*= .3+472&9.43= 43= 5&11.&1= 897:(9:7*8=2475-4,*3*8.8=.8=&;&.1&'1*=+47=9-*=+&2.1>_=H4<=)4*8=9-*=+472&9.43=4+=9-*8*= (4251*== 97&.98= 4((:7= W-&9= 9.88:*= &3)= 2475-414,.(&1= (-&3,*8= &7*= .3;41;*)= ):7.3,= 4394,*3>=T-*8*=&7*=.25479&39=6:*89.438=.3=3**)=94='*=&38<*7*)_=I3=9-.8=(439*=9`=9-*= 57*8*39=89:)>=(4397.':9*8=<.9-=)*9&.1*)=&3&942.(&1=.3+472&9.43=43=9-*=2&391*=*),*=&9= 1&7;&*`= 548981&7;&*`= /:;*3.1*= &3)= &):19= 89&,*8= 4+= N4).5*(9*3= 34)48:8= L.33&*:8`= +1/2`= '>= 2*&38= 4+= -.89414,.(&1= &3)= S(&33.3,= E1*(9743.(= M.(748(45>= 9*(-3.6:*8_= D:7.3,= N_= 34)48:8= )*;*1452*39`= 9-*= 1&7;&1= 2&391*= 2&7,.3= -&8= &= 8.3,1*= 7.2= 7*1&9*)= 94= 8-*11= &3)= 5*7.4897&(:2= 8*(7*9.43_= T-*= ,7*&9*89= (-&3,*8= .3= 9-*= 2&391*= *),*= )*8.,3= 4((:7= & =*7= 2*9&2475-48.8`=<.9-=9-*=).S=*7*39.&9.43=4+=9-*=5&11.&1=+41)8=57.47=94=9-*=*89&'1.8-2*39=4+= 8:'8*6:*39=5&11.&1=897:(9:7*8_=M:8(:1&7=&3)=*5.9-*1.&1=9.88:*8=&7*=(4389&391>=24).Q=*)= &143,= 9-.8= 574(*88`= &3)= 7*2&70&'1*= 24).Q=(&9.438= .3= 9>5*= &3)= 548.9.43= 4+= (.1.&= <*7*= 4'8*7;*)=&8=<*11_=P&11.&1=47,&38=-&;*=).89.3(9=)*;*1452*39&1=9.2.3,b=9-*=;*1:2=.8=+472*)= Q=789`=&3)=49-*7=85*(.&1.?*)=47,&38`=8:(-=&8=9*39&(1*8=&3)=*>*8`=&7*=47.,.3&9*)=1&9*7_=W*= ->549-*8.?*=9-&9=+:3(9.43&1=&85*(98=&7*=)**51>=&884(.&9*)=94=9-*=&3&942.(&1=(-&3,*8=4+= 9-*=2&391*=2&7,.3=):7.3,=9-*=97&38.9.43=+742=1&7;&*=94=/:;*3.1*=89&,*8_=F.3&11>`=9-*8*= 47.,.3&1=7*8:198=43=5&11.&1=2&7,.3=).S=*7*39.&9.43=.3=P*(9.3.)&*=<.11=574;.)*=&='&8.8=+47= '74&)=(425&7.8438=4+=2&391*=)*;*1452*39=&(7488=2&/47='.;&1;*=9&=&_
T+1_O0 AVOIDING=MISIDENTIFICATIONS=BY=ONTOGENYa= AN=EXAMPLE=BETWEEN=AGATHISTOMA=VIRIDULA=AND= A_=HOTESSIERIANAGASTROPODA`=TROCHIDAE`=TEGULINAE A3&=P&:1&=S_=D473*11&8`=L:.?=R.(&7)4=L_=S.243* L&'47&97.4=)*=M&1&(414,.&`=M:8*:=)*=Z4414,.&=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=SD4=P&:14_=A;*3.)&=N&?&7S`=.2+=:= I5.7&3,&=:=CEP=*.,0-8***=:=SD4=P&:14`=SP`=B7&?.1=)473*11&8_&3&5&:1& :85_'7`=178.243* :85_'7 T*,:1.3&*=.8=&=8:'+&2.1>=4+=9-*=2&7.3*=,&897454)=+&2.1>=T74(-.)&*=9-&9=(4257.8*8=&'4:9=.*= 85*(.*8=.3=8.==,*3*7&_=T-*=85*(.*8=1*;*1=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=.8=3472&11>=8.251*`=<.9-=9-*=*=(*59.43= 4+= 9-*= A,&9-.8942&= 85*(.*8_= T-.8= 89:)>= <.11= 54797&>= 2.8.)*39.Q=(&9.438= 9-&9= 4((:7= '*9<**3= A,&9-.8942&=;.7.):1&=&3)=A_=-49*88.*7.&3&`=2&.31>=.3=/:;*3.1*=85*(.2*38_=A,&9-.8942&=;.7.):1&= 7&3,*8=+742=C489&=R.(&=94=9-*=89&9*=4+=S&39&=C&9&7.3&`=84:9-*73=B7&?.1`=<-.1*=A_=-49*88.*7.&3&= 7&3,*8=+742=F147.)&=USA=94=9-*=89&9*=4+=B&-.&`=3479-*&89*73=B7&?.1_=B49-=1.;*=.3.39*79.)&1=74(08= <.9-=4;*71&55.3,=).897.':9.438=.3=3479-*&89=B7&?.1_=I3=9-.8=89:)>`=<*(425&7*=9-*=2475-414,>= 4+='49-=85*(.*8`='*.3,=9-*=2&.3=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=9-*=8-*11`=84V=8'4)>=(4147=&3)=).,*89.;*=8>89*2= 97&.98_=T-*=8-*118=4+=A_=;.7.):1&=7*&(-=&'4:9=,/22=.3=-*.,-9`<-.1*=A_=-49*88.*7.&3&=431>=&'4:9= T+1 +-22b= /:;*3.1*8= 4+= A_= ;.7.):1&= ).S=*7= +742= A_= -49*88.*7.&3&= .3= -&;.3,= &247*= ).8(4.)= 8-*11b= 9-*=Q=789=9-7**=<-4718=&7*=81.,-91>=(43(&;*=&3)=9-*='&8.(=(4147=(438.898=.3=&3=.39*38*=<-.9.8-= >*114<=<.9-=7*)=94=5:751*=&=.&1='149(-*8`=<-.1*=.3=A_=-49*88.*7.&3&=9-*=9-7**=Q=789=<-4718=&7*= (43;*== &3)= 9-*= (4147= .8&= 2.1)<-.9.8-= >*114<= <.9-= 1.,-9= '74<3= &=.&1= '149(-*8_= R*,&7).3,= 9-*=84V==5&798=&=7.':9*8`=A_=;.7.):1&=).S=*78=+742=A_=-49*88.*7.&3&='>=-&;.3,=&=).S=*7*39=(4147= 5&=*73=43=+449=&3)=(*5-&1.(=9*39&(1*8b=A_=;.7.):1&=-&8=&=1&9*7&1=574/*(9.43=43=422&945-47*b= 9-*=)478&1=+41)8=4+=9-*=2.))1*=*845-&,:8=4+=A_=;.7.):1&=).S=*78=+742=9-&9=4+=A_=-49*88.*7.&3&='>= '*.3,=82&11*7=&3)=9-*=1*V==)478&1=+41)=7:33.3,=897&.,-9=94=9-*=5489*7.47=*845-&,:8b=<-.1*=.3=A_= -49*88.*7.&3&=9-*=1*V==)478&1=+41)=7:38=94=9-*=1*V==8.)*=:3)*7=9-*=).;*79.(:1:2_=A19-4:,-=9-*7*=.8= 842*=.397&85*(.Q=(=;&7.&9.43=43=7&):1&7=897:(9:7*8`='49-=85*(.*8=).S=*7=43=9-*=&5.(&1=(:858=4+= 7&(-.).&3=&3)=2&7,.3&1=9**9-`=&3)=43=9-*='&8*=4+=1&9*7&1=9**9-_ -+, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+1_O1 SHELL=ORNAMENTATIONa=VARIX=FORMATION=AND=GROWTH=IN=NUCELLA= LAMELLOSA=AND=CERATOSTOMA=FOLIATUM=MURICIDAEa=GASTROPODA N.(41*=B=W*'89*7+`=A_=R.N=&7)=P&12*7, +`,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=(<.*/=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=A1'*79&`= E)243943`=T0G=,E3=3<*'89*7 :&1'*79&_(&`=R.(-_P&12*7 :&1'*79&_(&= G&897454)8= 574):(*= 842*= 4+= 9-*= 2489= '*&:9.+:1= 80*1*9438= 4+= &3>= &3.2&1`= 4V=*3= <.9-= (4251*== 473&2*39&9.43_= T-.8= 473&2*39&9.43= .8= 9-4:,-9= 94= 7*):(*= 57*)&9.43= ;:13*7&'.1.9>`=&8= <*11= &8= '*.3,= .251.(&9*)= .3= 49-*7= +:3(9.438_= H4<= 83&.18= (439741= 9-*= ,74<9-=&3)=85&(.3,=4+=8-*11=473&2*39&9.43=.8=&=8.,3.Q=(&39=:3841;*)=5:??1*=4+=,&897454)= '.414,>_=H*7*=<*=89:).*)=9-*=,74<9-=4+=;&7.(*8`=5*7.4).(='1&)*81.0*=9-.(0*3.3,8=4+=9-*= &5*79:7*`= .3`= C*7&948942&= +41.&9:2= &3)= N:(*11&= 1&2*1148&= C&*34,&897454)&a= M:7.(.)&*a= O(*3*'7.3&*_=C*7&948942&=+41.&9:2=-&8=7*,:1&7`=8>3(-743.?*)=;&7.(*8=<.9-=+,*J=85&(.3,`= <-.1*= N_= 1&2*1148&= -&8= .77*,:1&71>= 85&(*)= ;&7.(*8= <.9-= +*8/*J= '*9<**3= 9-*2`= <-.(-= 842*9.2*8=851.9=47=)4:'1*_=A8=&=8-*11=,74<8`=;&7.(*8=*3(4:39*7*)=43=9-*='4)>=<-471= &7*='*1.*;*)=94=89.2:1&9*=9-*=+472&9.43=4+=3*<=;&7.(*8=&9=9-*=&5*79:7*`=8>3(-743.?.3,= ;&7.==14(&9.43=&3)=(7*&9.3,=(4389&39=85&(.3,_=B4)>=<-471=;&7.(*8=&3)247=9-*=&5*79:7&1= ;&7.== <*7*= 7*24;*)= 94= )*9*72.3*= -4<= 9-*.7= &'8*3(*= &S=*(9*)= +:9:7*= ;&7.== ,74<9-= .3= '49-=85*(.*8_= I3=C*7&948942&=+41.&9:2`=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=57*;.4:8=;&7.(*8=&55*&78=94=89.2:1&9*=9-*=,74<9-= 4+=3*<=;&7.(*8`=':9=.8=349=9-*=431>=(:*_=W-*3=&=;&7.==.8=7*24;*)`=9-*=(477*8543).3,= ;&7.==43=9-*=3*<=<-471=842*9.2*8=)4*8=349=+472`=1*&;.3,=&=,&5=4+=,7*&9*7=9-&3=+,*J_=T-*= &)).9.43=4+=&=;&7.==.3=&=+47*.,3=14(&9.43=&184=89.2:1&9*8=3*<=;&7.==574):(9.43_ N:(*11&=1&2*1148&=;&7.(*8=&55*&7=94='*=<*&01>=&S=*(9*)='>=57*;.4:8=;&7.==14(&9.438b=83&.1= <-*7*=9-*=;&7.(*8=<*7*=7*24;*)=+472=247*=8.251*=;&7.(*8`=<.9-=1*88=851.9=47=)4:'1*)= ;&7.(*8_=T-*=*S=*(9=4+=;&7.==7*24;&1=;&7.*8=<.9-=8.?*b=1&7,*7=83&.18=<.9-=;&7.(*8=7*24;*)= ,74<= +&89*7= &3)= -&;*= 1*88= 85&(*= '*9<**3= ;&7.(*8= 9-&3= (439741= 83&.18`= <-.1*= 9-*= 8&2*= .8=349=97:*=+47=82&11*7=83&.18_=T-.8=2&>=7*1&9*=94=9-*=9.2*=47=*S=479=7*6:.7*)=94=7*24;*= ;&7.(*8=):7.3,=,74<9-`=&8=;&7.(*8='*(42*=7*1&9.;*1>=1&7,*7=.3=1&7,*7=83&.18_
T+1_O2 TESTING=A=MORPHOMETRIC=DISCRIMINATION=BETWEEN=TWO SPECIES=CLUSTERS=BELONGING=TO=THE=PROTOBRANCH=GENERA LEDELLA=VERRILL=]=BUSH`=+231=AND=YOLDIELLA=VERRILL=]=BUSH`=+231`= T+1 BASED=ON=HINGE=PLATE=CHARACTERS D.3.?=C477U&=P&43*=V.*,&8`=N&9&1.&=P*7*.7&=B*3&.2`=R.(&7)4=S.1;&=A'8&1D4 U3.;*78.)&)*=F*)*7&1=)4=R.4=)*=J&3*.74=UFRJ`=I389.9:94=)*=B.414,.&`=D*5&79&2*394=)*= Z4414,.&`=L&'47&97.4=)*=M&1&(414,.&=).3.?_;.*,&8 ,2&.1_(42`=3&9&1.&'*3&.2 ,2&.1_(42`======&'8&1&4 -492&.1_(42 P7*1.2.3&7>=7*8:198=-&;*=8-4<3=9-&9=9-*=-.3,*=51&9*=(-&7&(9*78=2&>=-&;*=&=89743,=741*=.3= ).8(7.2.3&9.3,=&243,=85*(.*8=(4251*=*8=4+=Y41).*11&=&3)=L*)*11&_=H4<*;*7`=34=&=*2598= -&;*='**3=2&)*=94=).8(7.2.3&9*='*9<**3=9-*8*=,*3*7&='&8*)=43=-.3,*=51&9*=(-&7&(9*78_= T-*=57*8*39=<470=)4*8=9-&9='&8*)=43=&=7*897.(9*)=3:2'*7=4+=85*(.*8=&3)`=(438*6:*391>`= 2:89='*=:3)*78944)=&8=&=57*1.2.3&7>=&=*259=94<&7)8=&=97:*=).8(7.2.3&9.43=&243,=9-*8*= ,*3*7&`='&8*)=43=9-*=-.3,*=51&9*_=T-*=+4114<.3,=85*(.*8=<*7*=:8*)=.3=9-.8=9*89a=Y41).*11&= ABSTRACTS -+-
1&5*734.=B*3&.2=]=A'8&1D4`=,*++b=Y41).*11&=5&7&3&5:&*38.8=B*3&.2=]=A'8&1D4`=,*++b=Y41).*11&= /*S=7*>8.=H.)&1,4`=+211b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`=<*=5*7+472*)=9-*=&3&1>8.8=&=8*(43)=9.2*`=(-&3,.3,=9-*=L*)*11&=85*(.2*38= 94=.3(7*&8*=9-*=897*3,9-=4+=9-*=7*8:198_=T-*=89&9.89.(&1=&3&1>8*8=(477*(91>=).8(7.2.3&9*)= 33`+=4+=9-*=;&1;*8=4+=9-*=Q=789=&3&1>8.8=&3)=+**=4+=9-*=;&1;*8=4+=9-*=8*(43)=43*_=T-*8*= 7*8:198=8-4<=9-&9=9-*=-.3,*=51&9*=.8=&59=94=).89.3,:.8-='*9<**3=9-*=,*3*7&=Y41).*11&=&3)= L*)*11&`=7*897.(9*)1>=)*Q=3*)='>=9-*8*=8*;*3=85*(.*8`=&3)=8:,,*89=9-&9=.9=2.,-9='*=&=,44)= .3897:2*39=94=).89.3,:.8-=9-*=9<4=,*3*7&=&8=<-41*_
T+1_O3 COMPARATIVE=ANATOMY=OF=THE=FASCIOLARIIDAE= PUSTULATIRUS=OGUM=AND=HEMIPOLYGONA=BECKYAE= FROM=BRAZIL=GASTROPODAa=NEOGASTROPODAa=PERISTERNIINAE D.4,4=R_=C4:94+`=L:.?=R_=L_=S.243*+`=A1*=&3)7*=D_=P.2*39&, +L&'47&97.4=)*=M&1&(414,.&`=M:8*:=)*=Z4414,.&=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=SD4=P&:14_=A;*3.)&=N&?&7S`=.2+=:= I5.7&3,&=:=CEP=*.,0-8***=:=SD4=P&:14`=SP`=B7&?.1=).4,4&:9 ,2&.1_(42`=1718.243* :85_'7 ,S*947=)*=M&1&(414,.&=:=D*5&79&2*394=)*=I3;*79*'7&)48=:=M:8*:=N&(.43&1=2=U3.;*78.)&)*=F*)*7&1=)4= R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=Q:.39&=)&=B4&=V.89&=823`=SD4=C7.89;D4`=CEP=,*3.*8*.*=:=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=RJ`=B7&?.1= &)5.2*39& >&-44_(42_'7 T-*= F&8(.41&7..)&*= (4257.8*8= 2&7.3*= ,&897454)8= 4+= 9-*= 47)*7= N*4,&897454)&`= <.9-= 247*= 9-&3= ,**= 85*(.*8= ).897.':9*)= <471)<.)*= .3= 9-7**= 8:'+&2.1.*8_= P*7.89*73..3&*= .8= 7*57*8*39*)=.3=B7&?.1='>=9-*=,*3*7&=P41>,43&`=H*2.541>,43&`=P:89:1&9.7:8=&3)=L*:(4?43.&_= A8=9-*=&3&942.(&1=034<1*),*=4+=+&8(.41&7..)8=.8=8(&7(*`=&3)=&8=5&79=4+=&=,7*&9*7=89:)>= 4+= .98= 2475-414,>`= 9-*= B7&?.1.&3= 85*(.*8= P:89:1&9.7:8= 4,:2= &3)= H*2.541>,43&= '*(0>&*= 47.,.3&11>= )*5.(9*)= .3= 9-*= ,*3:8= L&9.7:8= <*7*= *=&2.3*)_= T-*= )*8(7.59.438= 4+= 8-*11`= -*&)8+449`=5&11.&1=(4251*=`=).,*89.;*`=3*7;4:8`=*=(7*947>=&3)=7*574):(9.;*=8>89*28=<*7*= :3)*79&0*3_=A3&942.(&11>`='49-=-&;*=8.2.1&7=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8`=.3=&,7**2*39=<.9-=49-*7= F&8(.41&7..)&*b=9-*=2&.3=).S=*7*3(*8=4((:78=.3=9-*=7&):1&`=3*7;*87.3,=&3)=5*3.8_=T-*.7= 7&):1&*=&7*=&8=(-&7&(9*7.?*)=+47=9-*=L&9.7:8=8*38:=1&9:=(4251*=`=.3=<-.(-=9-*=.33*72489= (:85= 4+= 9-*= 1&9*7&1= 9449-= .8= <*11= )*;*145*)= ':9= &1<&>8= 82&11*7= 9-&3= 9-*= 49-*7= (:858b= T+1 9-.8=+*&9:7*8=).S=*78=+742=L*:(4?43.&a=9-.8=(:85=.8=7*):(*)=47=&'8*39_=T-*=7&):1&=4+=P_= 4,:2= 5488*88*8= 9-*= 7&(-.).&3= 9449-= <.9-= +4:7= (:858`= ).S=*7.3,= +742= 49-*7= *=&2.3*)= +&8(.41&7..)8_= N*7;*87.3,= ;&7.*8= 2&.31>= &((47).3,= 94= 89&94(>89= 548.9.43= &3)= ':((&1= ,&3,1.&= (422.88:7*_= T-*= 5*3.8= 5488*88*8= &= 9*72.3&1= 9&5*7.3,`= &8= )*8(7.'*)= +47= 49-*7= +&8(.41&7..)8b=9-*=1*3,9-=4+=<-.(-=2&>='*=143,=143,*7=9-&3=-&1+=4+=949&1=5*3.8=1*3,9-= &8=.3=H_='*(0>&*=47=;*7>=8-479=8-479*7=9-&3=-&1+=4+=949&1=5*3.8=1*3,9-=&8=.3=P_=4,:2_=T-*= 2*&3.3,=4+=9-*=).S=*7*3(*8=&243,=84V=85&798=)*8(7.'*)=-*7*=&3)=9-&9=4+=49-*7=L&9.7:8= 8*38:=1&9:=85*(.*8=&7*=89.11=:3)*7=&3&1>8.8`=)*5*3).3,=43=+:79-*7=89:)>=43=247*=7*1&9*)= 9&=&_ -+. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+1_O+* GASTROENDOSCOPYa=AN=INSIDE=VIEW=OF=LIVE=GASTROPODS J&3.(*=V419?4< D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S(7&3943`=S(7&3943=PA=+2/+*`=USA=/&3.(*_;419?4< 8(7&3943_*):= T-*=,&897454)=,.11`=47=(9*3.).:2`=.8=9-*=2&/47=897:(9:7*=.3=9-*=2&391*=(&;.9>_=I98=*=9*38.;*= &7*&=8*7;*8=&8=9-*=8.9*=+47=7*85.7&947>=,&8=*=(-&3,*=&3)=9-*=(.1.&=43=.98=8:7+&(*=24;*= <&9*7=9-74:,-=9-*=2&391*=(&;.9>_=D*9&.18=4+=9-*=&3&942>=4+=9-*=(9*3.).:2=-&;*='**3= :8*)=94=)*;*145=->549-*8*8=7*,&7).3,=2411:8(&3=8>89*2&9.(8=&3)=*;41:9.43_=D*85.9*=.98= 8.,3.Q=(&3(*=94=9-*=&3.2&1=&3)=94=2&1&(414,.898`=.2&,*8=4+=9-*=,.11=-&;*='**3=1.2.9*)=94= 89:).*8=4+=).88*(9*)=&3)=57*8*7;*)=2&9*7.&1_=T4=;.*<=1.;*`=+:3(9.43.3,=(9*3.).&`=I=.38*79*)= &3=*3)48(45*=9-74:,-=9-*=&5.(&1=45*3.3,=4+=.3).;.):&18=4+=9-*=0*>-41*=1.25*9=D.4)47&= &85*7&=&3)=9-74:,-=9-*=97*2&9&=4+=.3).;.):&18=4+=9-*=7*)=&'&143*=H&1.49.8=7:+*8(*38_=T-*= 1*&R=*98=4+=1.;.3,=(9*3.).&=&7*=.3R=&9*)`=9:7,.)=897:(9:7*8=9-&9=&55*&7=94=(4251*9*1>=Q=11= 9-*=;41:2*=4+=9-*=2&391*=(&;.9>_=T-*>=(&3=(4397&(9=:8.3,=2:8(1*8=.3=9-*=<&118=4+=9-*= 1*&R=*98= &3)= 7*8*=5&3)= '>= .3R=&9.3,= <.9-= '144)_= F14<= 9-74:,-= 9-*= ,.118= 4+= &3.2&18= 4+= '49-=85*(.*8=.3=89.11=<&9*7=.8=*=97*2*1>=1&2.3&7`=<.9-=5&7&11*1=897*&21.3*8=*=9*3).3,=<*11= 4:98.)*= 9-*= 45*3.3,8= 4+= 9-*= 8-*11_= T-:8= 9-*= (9*3.).&= 4+= 1.;*= ,&897454)8= &7*= )>3&2.(`= 51&89.(=897:(9:7*8=9-&9=51&>=&3=&(9.;*=741*=.3=7*8543).3,=94=R=4<=&3)=5&79.(1*8=24;.3,= 9-74:,-=9-*=2&391*=(&;.9>_
T+1_P+ EVOLUTION=OF=PARASITIC=STRATEGY=AND=MORPHOLOGICAL= DIVERSIFICATION=IN=THE=GASTROPOD=FAMILY=EULIMIDAE T8:>48-.=T&0&34+`=A3)*78=W&7T3,`=Y&8:347.=K&34+ +A92485-*7*=&3)=O(*&3=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T40>4`=/8+8/=K&8-.<&34-&`=K&8-.<&`= C-.'&=,1182/0.`=J&5&3==&0&34 &47._:8940>4_&(_/5`=0&34 &47._:8940>4_&(_/5 ,S<*).8-=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=B4==/***1`=SE8+*.*/=S94(0-412`=S<*)*3=A3)*78_W&7*3 372_8* P&7&8.9.82=-&8=*;41;*)=247*=9-&3=0*=9.2*8=.3=9-*=&3.2&1=0.3,)42`=<.9-=*&(-=1.3*&,*= -&;.3,= 57434:3(*)= 85*(.*8= 7.(-3*88= 9-74:,-= -48985&7&8.9*= .39*7&(9.438_= P&7&8.9.(= &3.2&18= -&;*= 9-*7*+47*= -&)= &= 8.,3.Q=(&39= 741*= .3= 9-*= *;41:9.43= 4+= 9-*= *39.7*= 1.+*`= ':9= 9-*.7= -.8947>= 4+= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= -&8= '**3= 8*1)42= ).8(:88*)= .3= &= )*9&.1*)= 5->14,*3*9.(= (439*=9_= E:1.2.)&*= .8= &= 7*57*8*39&9.;*= 1.3*&,*= 4+= 5&7&8.9.(= ,&897454)8= .3= 9*728= 4+= .98= *=97&47).3&7>=85*(.*8=7.(-3*88=&3)=<.)*=;&7.*9>=4+=5&7&8.9.(=897&9*,.*8=*_,_=-*2.8`=*(948`= T+1 &3)=*3)45&7&8.9.82_=H4<*;*7`=5->14,*3*9.(=7*1&9.438-.58`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`= ,= 9*1*4(43(-= &3)= 7&):1&= -&;*= '**3= 1489= 247*= 9-&3= 43(*= .3=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+=*:1.2.)8=8.3(*=9-*=1&9*=C7*9&(*4:8`=&3)=-=,14'48*=94=(&5:1.+472= 8-*118=&8=<*11=&8=*3)45&7&8.9.82=-&;*=*;41;*)=.3)*5*3)*391>=.3=8*;*7&1=4+=9-*=1.3*&,*8_= T-*=5&7&11*1=&(6:.8.9.43=4+=9-*='74&)=8-*11=&3)=1&7,*=&=&(-2*39=&7*&=2&>=-&;*='**3= ABSTRACTS -+/
&)&59.;*= (438*6:*3(*8= +47= &;4.).3,= 57*)&9.43= 57*88:7*= &3)247= ).814),.3,= '>= <&;*= &(9.43= .3= 5*72&3*39= *(945&7&8.9*8= &3)= +47= 7*):(.3,= 9-*= (489= 4+= 8-*11= (43897:(9.43= .3= *3)45&7&8.9*8_=P7*;.4:8=89:).*8=43=5&7&8.9.(=&3.2&18=-&;*=+4(:8*)=43=9-*=-48985&7&8.9*= .39*7&(9.43=&3)=-489=8<.9(-.3,=&8=9-*=)7.;.3,=+47(*=+47=9-*.7=).;*78.Q=(&9.43b=-4<*;*7`= 9-*=57*8*39=7*8:198=8-4<=9-&9=*=9*73&1=+&(9478`=:37*1&9*)=94=-489=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8`=(&3=&184= ,7*&91>=574249*=).S=*7*39.&9*)=2475-414,>=&3)=*(414,>=&3)=9-*7*'>=9-*=85*(.&9.43=4+= 5&7&8.9*8_
T+1_P, NEW=INSIGHTS=INTO=PALLIAL=EYE=DEVELOPMENT=IN=PECTINIDS= REVEALED=BY=DETAILED=MICROSCOPY=STUDY=OF=NODIPECTEN=NODOSUS= BIVALVIA J47,*=A_=A:).34`=J48S=E):&7)4=A_=R_=M&7.&3`=S3.&=G_=B_=C_=L45*8 D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=B.48(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=SD4=P&:14R:&=)4=M&9D4`=T7&;*88&=+.`=3_= +*+`=*//*28*3*`=SD4=P&:14`=SP`=B7&?.1=/47,*&:).34 .'_:85_'7`=/*):&7)42&7.&3 >&-44_(42_'7`= 843.&145 .'_:85_'7 P*(9.3.)8`=47=8(&11458`=&7*=+&388-&5*)=8-*11='.;&1;*8=<.9-=&=349&'1*=8<.22.3,='*-&;.47= &3)=*5.+&:3&1=-&'.9=4+=1.+*_=T-*.7=*>*8=&7*=8.9:&9*)=&143,=9-*=2.))1*=5&11.&1=+41)=43='49-= 8.)*8= 4+= 9-*= &3.2&1_= T-*= (4251*=.9>= 4+= 8:(-= 47,&38= -&8= '**3= &=7&(9.3,= 9-*= .39*7*89= 4+= 2&3>= ?4414,.898= 8.3(*= 9-*= XIX= (*39:7>`=&3)`= 9-*7*+47*`= 9-*>= -&;*= '**3= .39*38.;*1>= .3;*89.,&9*)`=.3(1:).3,=5->8.414,.(&1`=&3&942.(&1=&3)='*-&;.47&1=&85*(98_=N*;*79-*1*88`= *>*= )*;*1452*39= &3)= 2475-4,*3*8.8= 7*2&.3= 8(&7(*1>= 89:).*)`= ':9= 9-*8*= )&9&= &7*= &3= *88*39.&1=(42543*39=.3=9-*=89:)>=4+=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+=(4251*==97&.98=.3=B.;&1;.&_=H*7*`= <*= 574;.)*= )*9&.1*)= &3&942.(&1= .3+472&9.43= 43= 9-*= )*;*1452*39= 4+= 9-*= 5&11.&1= *>*8= 4+= 9-*= 8(&1145= N4).5*(9*3= 34)48:8= '>= 2*&38= 4+= -.89414,.(&1= &3)= S(&33.3,= E1*(9743.(= M.(748(45>=9*(-3.6:*8_=P&11.&1=*>*8=&7*=+472*)=&9=9-*=/:;*3.1*=89&,*`=+*<=<**08=&V=*7=9-*= 2*9&2475-48.8_=I3.9.&11>`=9-*>=4((:7=&8=574/*(9.438=4+=9-*=2&391*='*&7.3,=&=5.,2*39*)= *5.9-*1.:2=&3)=&=85-*7.(&1=.39*73&1=85&(*_=A=(1:89*7=4+=(*118=Q=118=9-.8=85&(*=&3)=,.;*8=7.8*= 94=.25479&39=9.88:*8a=Q=7891>=9-*=).89&1=7*9.3&`=9-*3=9-*=574=.2&1=7*9.3&`=&3)=1&891>=9-*=1*38_= A9=9-.8=89&,*`=9-*=7*R=*(947=1&>*7=.8=&17*&)>=57*8*39`=&19-4:,-=.98=5.,2*39*)=1&>*7=.8=349= (4385.(:4:8_=R*2&70&'1*=(-&3,*8=.3=(42543*398=548.9.43`=+472=&3)=(*11=3:2'*7=<*7*= 4'8*7;*)=):7.3,=*>*=)*;*1452*39_=T-*=(&2*7&89>5*=+472=.8=&(-.*;*)=*&71.*7`=+4114<*)= '>=9-*=*=5&38.43=4+=9-*=5.,2*39*)=*5.9-*1.:2=&3)=*>*=89&10_=I9=.8=,*3*7&11>=&88:2*)= 9-&9`=.3=&):19=8(&11458`=5&11.&1=*>*8=-&;*=85&9.&1=;.8.43=<.9-=&=(4251*==2*(-&3.82=4+= 1.,-9= &3)= 24;*2*39= 5*7(*59.43_= T-*= 7*8:198= 4'9&.3*)= -*7*.3`= -4<*;*7`= 8:,,*89= 9-&9= T+1 )*;*145.3,=*>*8=57*8*39=.3=*&71>=/:;*3.1*=89&,*8=&7*=2489=574'&'1>=349=(&5&'1*=4+=247*= 9-&3=&=8.251*=)*,7**=4+=5-4947*(*59.43_= -+0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+1_P- WHAT=THE=GAMETIC=MORPHOLOGY=OF=FELANIELLA=CANDEANA=TELL=US= ABOUT=THE=REMOVAL=OF=UNGULINIDAE=FROM=LUCINOIDEA A7.&3*=C&2548+`=G.8*1*=O71&3).=I3974c3.+`=L*3.9&=)*=F7*.9&8=T&11&7.(4+`= F1@;.4=D.&8=P&8848,`=F&'7.?.4=M&7(43)*8=M&(-&)4,`=S-.71*.=M&7.&=R*((48P.2*39*1+ +D*5&792*39=4+=S97:(9:7&1=&3)=F:3(9.43&1=B.414,>`=IB`=UNICAMP`=B7&?.1=&7.&3**(&2548 ,2&.1_(42`= ,.8*1*471&3). ,2&.1_(42`=1*9&11&7.(4 ,2&.1_(42`=8-.71*. :3.(&25_'7= ,D*5&792*39=4+=A3.2&1=B.414,>`=IB`=UNICAMP`=B7&?.1=R=&;.4)5 :3.(&25_'7`======+&'7.?.42&7(43)*8 >&-44_(42_'7 S5*(.*8= 4+= L:(.34.)*&`= 5&79.(:1&71>= 4+= 9-*= +&2.1>= U3,:1.3.)&*`= &7*= <*11= 034<3= &3)= &':3)&39= .3= ).;*78*= -&'.9&98= <-*7*= 9-*>= &7*= (438.)*7*)= 0*>= *1*2*398= .3= 9-*= 9745-.(= (-&.3_=S*=:&1=(*118=+*&9:7*8=-&;*='**3=574;*)=-*15+:1=.3=8>89*2&9.(=7*;.*<8`=5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8*8= &3)= 7*574):(9.;*= '.414,>= 89:).*8_= U8.3,= 1.,-9= &3)= 97&382.88.43= *1*(9743= 2.(748(45.*8`=9-*=85*72&94?4&3=&3)=44(>9*=2475-414,.*8=4+=F*1&3.*11&=(&3)*&3&=<*7*= )*8(7.'*)_=S42*=97&.98=4+=9-*=85*72=(*118=8:(-=&8=9-*=*143,&9*)=3:(1*:8`=<-.(-=9&5*78= &3)=*=-.'.98=&=81.,-9=(:7;&9:7*`=&7*=24).Q=(&9.438=4+=9-*=57.2.9.;*=9>5*_=T-*=&(74842&1= ;*8.(1*=.8=8-479`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`=97>.3,=94= *3-&3(*=7*574):(9.;*=8:((*88_=A=(425&7.843=4+=85*72=:197&897:(9:7*=&243,='.;&1;*8= .3).(&9*8=9-&9=9-*7*=.8=&=(*79&.3=(477*1&9.43='*9<**3=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+=143,=85*72=3:(1*:8= &3)=1&7,*`=>41087.(-=*,,8`=574548.3,=9-&9=9-*=85*72=3:(1*&7=8-&5*=.8=7*1&9*)=94=9-*=8.?*= 4+=9-*=44(>9*=&3)=9-*=9>5*=4+=+*79.1.?&9.43_=O3*=5488.'1*=7*&843=+47=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=&3= *143,&9*)= 85*72= -*&)= .8= 9-&9= 9-.8= 8-&5*= .8= 247*= *T==(.*39= 9-&3= 9-*= 57.2.9.;*= 43*= +47= 5*3*97&9.43=.394=9-*=/*11>=(4&9=&3)=(>9451&82=4+=1&7,*=44(>9*8_=R*(*391>`=.3;*89.,&9.438= 8:,,*89=9-&9=U3,:1.3.)&*=(477*8543)8=94=&=24345->1*9.(=,74:5=94,*9-*7=<.9-=9-*=(1&)*8a= A7(9.(.)&*`= V*3*7.)&*= &3)= M&(97.)&*_= T-*= :197&897:(9:7&1= &3&1>8.8= 4+= 85*72&94?4&= 85&<3*)='>=U3,:1.3.)&*=7*;*&18=9-&9=9-*8*=,&2*9*8=7*8*2'1*=85*72=(*118=574):(*)='>= V*3*7.)&*`=*85*(.&11>='*(&:8*=4+=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=&=3:(1*&7=(:7;&9:7*_= F.3&3(.&1=S:55479a=PNPD2CAPES=++*02,*+*`=FAPESP=,*+*2+/.2082=&3)=PIBIC2CNP6_
T+1 T+1_P. MORPHOLOGICAL=AND=MOLECULAR=IDENTIFICATION=OF=HYDROBIIDAE= FROM=BRACKISH=LAGOONS=IN=SCOTLAND S_=P>*+`=M_=C-*;&1.*7+`=J_=P479*7,`=S_=C-&2'*78+ +N&9.43&1=M:8*:28=S(491&3)`=C-&2'*78=S9_`=E).3':7,-=EH+=+JF`=S(491&3)=8_5>* 328_&(_:0`= (-*;&1.*7_&_2*1.88& ,2&.1_(42`=8_(-&2'*78 328_&(_:0 ,S(-441=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=H*7.49=W&==U3.;*78.9>`=E).3':7,-=EH+.=.AS`=S(491&3)=J_S_P479*7 -<_&(_:0 F4:7=->)74'..)=85*(.*8=&7*=+4:3)=.3=S(4=.8-='7&(0.8-=1&,4438b=H>)74'.&=&(:9&=3*,1*(9&`= P*7.3,.&= :1;&*`= E(74'.&= ;*39748&= &3)= P49&245>7,:8= &39.54)&7:2_= S-*11= +472= .8= 4V=*3= :8*)=94=).S=*7*39.&9*='*9<**3=85*(.*8=':9=9-.8=.8=349=7*1.&'1*=&8=.9=2&>='*=&S=*(9*)='>= ABSTRACTS -+1
*3;.7432*39&1= &3)= 5&7&8.9.(= +&(9478`= (438*6:*391>= 9-*= &((:7&(>= 4+= 9-*= 5:'1.8-*)= ).897.':9.43=.8=)4:'9+:1_ I3=A57.1=,*++`=9-7**=14(-8=43=N479-=U.89=O:9*7=H*'7.)*8`=<*7*=8&251*)=+47=->)74'..)8_= L.;.3,=85*(.2*38=<*7*=.)*39.Q=*)=:8.3,=9*39&(1*=5.,2*39&9.43=5&=*738=&3)=&=8:'8&251*= 4+= *&(-= 5-*349>5*= +742= *&(-= 14(-= :3)*7<*39= ,*3*9.(= &3&1>8.8= 4+= 9-*= C>94(-742*= O=.)&8*=I=2.94(-43)7.&1=,*3*=7*,.43_=T-*=85*(.*8=(1&)*8=43=9-*=2&=.2:2=1.0*1.-44)= 97**= 8-4<= &= ,*3*7&1= 1.30= <.9-= 9*39&(1*= 5.,2*39&9.43= 5&=*738_= T-*= 6:&1.9&9.;*= 7*8:198= 8:,,*89=9-&9=9*39&(1*=5.,2*39&9.43=.8=&=:8*+:1=.3).(&947=4+=85*(.*8=.)*39.9>`=':9=9-&9=49-*7= +*&9:7*8=8-4:1)=&184='*=9&0*3=.394=&((4:39_
T+1_P/ MORPHOLOGICAL=DIFFERENTIATION=BETWEEN=LARVAE=OF=TWO=SPECIES= OF=CRASSOSTREA=SACCO`=+231=BIVALVIA`=OSTREIDAE= FROM=PARANÁ=COAST`=BRAZIL T-*7*8.3-&=M439*.74=A'8-*7+`=S:8*9*=W&2'.*7=C-7.894, +U3.;*78.)&)*=F*)*7&1=)4=P&7&3@2UFPR`=C*3974=)*=E89:)48=)4=M&7=92&'8-*7 :+57_'7 ,U3.;*78.)&)*=E89&):&1=)*=P439&=G7488&2UEPG`=P&7&3@`=D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&=G*7&1======8<(-7.894 -492&.1_(42 C7&884897*&=7-.?45-47&*=&3)=C_='7&8.1.&3&=&7*=3&9.;*=4>89*78=4+=P&7&3@=(4&89_=T-*=.)*39.Q=(&9.43= 4+=1&7;&1=8-*118=4+=3&9.;*=85*(.*8=4+=C7&884897*&=S&((4`=+231=+742=51&30943=8&251*8=.8=&= ).T==(:19=9&80=):*=94=9-*=8.2.1&7.9>=.3=8.?*=&3)=2475-414,>_=L&7;&=4+='49-=85*(.*8=-&8=842*= (-&7&(9*7.89.(=+*&9:7*8=.3=(42243=1.0*=&3=:2'43&9*`=.3*6:.;&1;*=8-*11=&3)=574;.3(:1:2= '*&7.3,=).89.3(9=9**9-=.3=842*=89&,*8_=D*9&.1*)=89:).*8=4+=9-*=2475-414,>=4+=1&7;&1=8-*118= &143,= )*;*1452*39&1= 89&,*8= &3)= 9*(-3.6:*8= 4+= S(&33.3,= E1*(9743= M.(748(45>= SEM= 8:551>=.3+472&9.43=&'4:9=24).Q=(&9.438=4+=9-*=574).884(43(-`=.25479&39=94=).S=*7*39.&9*= (438,*3*7.(=85*(.*8_=I3=9-.8=<470`=9-*=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8=4+=9-*=574).884(43(-= <*7*=&3&1>?*)=&143,=9-*=,74<9-=4+=1&'47&947>=7*&7*)=1&7;&*_=S&251*8=4+=1&7;&*=<*7*= (411*(9*)=):7.3,=9-*=(:19.;&9.43=&3)=57*8*7;*)=.3=*9-&341=1*=&3)=9-*=).2*38.438=4+= 1&7;&*`=):7&9.43=4+=1&7;&1=5*7.4)`=,74<9-=4+=574).884(43(-=&3)=3:2'*7=4+=9**9-=.3=9-*= 9-7**= 1&7;&1= 89&,*8a= D88-&5*)= 1&7;&`= :2'4= 1&7;&= &3)= 5*).;*1.,*7= <*7*= 4'8*7;*)_= F47= SEM=&3&1>8.8=8&251*8=<*7*=97*&9*)=<.9-=&=841:9.43=4+=84).:2=->)74=.)*=/8+*=+47=9-*= 8*5&7&9.43=4+=;&1;*8=&3)=4;*38)7.*)='*+47*=2*9&11.?&9.43_=T-*=7*8:19=4+=9-*=(425&7&9.;*= 89:)>=4+=,74<9-=4+=9-*=574).884(43(-=4+=9-*=9<4=85*(.*8=.3).(&9*)=9-&9=C_=7-.?45-47&*=-&8= 143,*7=1&7;&1=)*;*1452*39=5*7.4)=9-&3=C_='7&8.1.&3&_=H*.,-9=.3=9-*=:2'4=+&8*=.8=247*= *143,&9*)= .3= C_= '7&8.1.&3&= 1&7;&*= ,++= 2= 9-&3= .3= C_= 7-.?45-47&*= +./= 2_= H*.,-9= 4+= T+1 5*).;*1.,*7=1&7;&*=4+=C_='7&8.1.&3&=7*&(-*)=-3*= 2=&3)=4+=C_=7-.?45-47&*=--1= 2_=SEM= &3&1>8*8=8-4<*)=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=9-*=3:2'*7=4+=9**9-=4+=9-*=574).884(43(-=4+=D81&7;&*=4+= 9-*=9<4=85*(.*8=<.9-=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=,=9**9-=.3=9-*=7.,-9=&3)=1*V==;&1;*=4+=C_='7&8.1.&3&=&3)= &3=*)*39:14:8=574;.3(:1:2=.3='49-=;&1;*8=4+=C_=7-.?45-47&*_=R.,-9=;&1;*=4+=5*).;*1.,*7= 1&7;&*=4+=C_='7&8.1.&3&=-&8=+=9449-=.3=9-*=&39*7.47=&7*&=&3)=C_=7-.?45-47&*=,=9**9-_ -+2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+1_P0 VARIATIONS=IN=THE=EPITHELIAL=GLAND=CELLS=IN=HELIX=POMATIA`= CEPAEA=HORTENSIS=AND=ARION=VULGARIS=:=A=COMPARISON S45-.*=G7*.8947+*7+`=J&3*0=;43=B>*73+`=N47'*79=C>7&3+`=L.;.&=R:)411,`=W&197&:)=K1*5&1+ +C47*=F&(.1.9>=C*11=I2&,.3,=&3)=U197&897:(9:7*=R*8*&7(-`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=A19-&3897&I*=+.`= +*3*=V.*33&`=A:897.&=S45-.*_G7*.8947+*7 ,2=_3*9 ,D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=A19-&3897&I*=+.`=+*3*=V.*33&`=A:897.& G&897454)8=574):(*=-.,-=&24:398=4+=2:(:8=+47=).S=*7*39=+:3(9.438=&8=)*+*38*`=14(4249.43= 47= 5749*(9.43= &,&.389= )*8.((&9.43_=A8= &= (438*6:*3(*= 8*;*7&1= ,1&3)= 9>5*8= <.9-= ).S=*7*39= (-*2.(&1=(42548.9.438=&7*=57*8*39=.3=9-*=5*)&1=*5.9-*1.&_=A19-4:,-=2:(-=.8=034<3=&'4:9= 9-*=,1&3)=(*118=.3=9-.8=&3.2&1=,74:5=&=).7*(9=(425&7.843=4+=9-*=).S=*7*39=,1&3)8=.8=7&7*_= W.9-.3= 9-.8= 89:)>= <*= &3&1>?*)= 43= -.894(-*2.(&1= &3)= :197&897:(9:7&1= 1*;*1= &11= *5.9-*1.&1= ,1&3)8=4+=9<4=).S=*7*39=+&2.1.*8=H*1.(.)&*=;*78:8=A7.43.)&*_=A)).9.43&11>=2.(74=(425:9*)= 9424,7&5->= 8(&38= ,.;*= &3= .3).(&9.43= 4+= 9-*= 4;*7&11= ).897.':9.43= 4+= 9-*= ,1&3)= (*118_= T4= ;.8:&1.?*=9-*=(&7'4->)7&9*8=247*=)*9&.1*)`=+:79-*7=.22:34-.894(-*2.(&1=.3;*89.,&9.438= &7*=2&)*_ T-*= 7*8:198= .3).(&9*= &= ,7*&9= ;&7.*9>= .3= 9-*= &77&3,*2*39= 4+= 9-*= ).;*78*= (*11= 9>5*8= .3= 9-*= ).S=*7*39= 85*(.*8a= A7.43= ;:1,&7.8`= +47= *=&251*`= -&8= &= 1&7,*= ,1&3)= (*11= 9>5*= .3= 9-*= '4)>= *5.9-*1.:2=(439&.3.3,=*=(1:8.;*1>=&(.).(=5749*.38=A1(.&3='1:*=89&.3.3,=&9=5H=+_*=&3)=,_/`= <-.1*=.3=H*1.==542&9.&=&3)=C*5&*&=-479*38.8=&184=(&7'4->)7&9*8=PAS=89&.3.3,=&7*=57*8*39= .3=9-.8=&7*&_=I3=9-*=841*=-4<*;*7`=PAS8548.9.;*=,1&3)=(*118=&7*=57*8*39=.3=&11=9-7**=85*(.*8_ T-*=6:*89.43=&7.8*8=<-*9-*7=9-.8=;&7.&9.43=.3=9-*=,1&3)=(-*2.897>=&3)=2:(:8=(42548.9.43= .8=9-*=7*8:19=4+=).S=*7*39=+:3(9.438=&3)247=7*1&9*)=94=9-*=).S=*7*39=1.;.3,=(43).9.438=4+=9-*= &3.2&18_=F:79-*7=.9=<.11='*=.39*7*89.3,=94=Q=3)=4:9=<-*9-*7=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=9-*=5*)&1= ,1&3):1&7=8>89*2=.8=7*1&9*)=94=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=&=8-*11_
T+1_P1 STRUCTURAL=CHARACTERIZATION=OF=NEURONS=AND=GLIAL=CELLS= OF=THE=BIVALVE=SCROBICULARIA=PLANA S:0&31&>&=T&39.<.8&<&7:/.+`=CS1.&=L45*8,`=U9-&.<&3=K4;.9;&)-.-`= M.,:*1=Â3,*14=P&7)&1.`=M&7.&=J4D4=R4(-&/`=E):&7)4=R4(-&0 +K.3,=M43,0:98=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T*(-3414,>=T-43':7.`=B&3,040=+*+.*`=T-&.1&3)b=ICBAS`=U_=P4794`=.*/*8-+-= P4794`=P479:,&1b=CIIMAR`=CIMAR=LA`=U_P4794`=.*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1=8:0&31&>&_9&3 02:=_&(_9- ,ICBAS`=U_=P4794`=.*/*8-+-=P4794`=P479:,&1b=CIIMAR`=CIMAR=LA`=U_P4794`=.*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1= T+1 (*1.&(7.89.3&145*8 ,2&.1_(42= -F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=K&8*98&79=U3.;*78.9>`=B&3,040=+*3**`=T-&.1&3)=+8(.:90 0:_&(_9- .C*397*=+47=F:3(9.43&1=E(414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C4.2'7&`=-**+8.*+=C4.2'7&`=P479:,&1=25&7)&1 (._:(_59= /H.,-=I389.9:9*=4+=H*&19-=S(.*3(*88N479-`=./2/8++0=G&3)7&8P&7*)*8`=P479:,&1b=ICBAS`=U_=P4794`= .*/*8-+-=P4794`=P479:,&1=CIIMAR`=CIMAR=LA`=U_=P4794`=.*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1=2/874(-& 3*9(&'4_59= 0ICBAS`=U_=P4794`=.*/*8-+-=P4794`=P479:,&1b=CIIMAR`=CIMAR=LA`=U_=P4794`=.*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1= *74(-& .('&8_:5_59 T-*= 3*:74(>9414,>= 4+= '.;&1;*8= .8= 54471>= 034<3= &3)= 9-&9= 4+= 5*55*7>= +:774<= 8-*11= S(74'.(:1&7.&=51&3&=<&8=3*;*7=89:).*)_=B*=*7=)*8(7.59.438=.3=9-.8=*(4342.(&11>=.25479&39= '.;&1;*= &7*= <479-<-.1*= '*(&:8*= 4+= &= ?4414,.(&1= .39*7*89= &3)= ):*= 94= *;.)*3(*8= 9-&9= 5411:9&398=2&>=).87:59=.98=3*7;4:8=8>89*2_=S_=51&3&=)4*8=349=-&;*=&=8.3,1*='7&.3=':9= 7&9-*7= 9-7**= 8*7.*8= 4+= ,&3,1.&`= <-.(-= 2&0*= 9-*= (*7*'7&1`= 5*)&1`= &3)= ;.8(*7&1= ,&3,1.&= ABSTRACTS -+3
.39*7(433*(9*)= '>= 3*7;*8`= 14(&9*)= .3= ).S=*7*39= 5&798= 4+= 9-*= '4)>_= T4= (-&7&(9*7.?*= 9-*=3*:743&1=&3)=,1.&1=(*11=9>5*8=.3=9-.8=85*(.*8=<*=:8*)=1.,-9=LM=&3)=97&382.88.43= *1*(9743=2.(748(45>=TEM_=I841&9*)=,&3,1.&=<*7*=Q==*)=+47=--=.3=,_/=,1:9&7&1)*->)*`=
.3= *_,M= (&(4)>1&9*= ':S=*7= 5H-1_0= &3)= 54898Q==*)= +47= ,-= .3= += O8O.= 8&2*= ':S=*7_= T-*>=<*7*=)*->)7&9*)=&3)=*2'*))*)=.3=*54=>=7*8.3_=S*2.9-.3=8*(9.438=<*7*=89&.3*)= +47=LM=<.9-=2*9->1*3*='1:*8&?:7*=II`=&3)=:197&9-.3=8*(9.438=<*7*=(4:39*789&.3*)=+47= TEM= <.9-= :7&3>1= &(*9&9*= &3)= 1*&)= (.97&9*_= S.1;*7= 89&.3.3,= 9*(-3.6:*8= +47= 3*:743&1= 574/*(9.438= <*7*= :8*)= &9= LM_= E&(-= ,&3,1.43= -&8= 5*7.3*:7.:2= 4:9*72489= 1&>*7= 4+= (411&,*381.0*=Q='74:8=2&9*7.&1=<.9-='144)=85&(*8`=4:9*7=(479*=`=&3)=.33*7=2*):11&=47= 3*:745.1_= N*:7438= *=.89= 9-74:,-4:9= 9-*= (479*== &3)= ,1.&1= (*118= 89&3)= .3= '49-= (479*== &3)= 2*):11&_= C438.)*7.3,= 8.?*= &3)= 8-&5*`= 9<4= 2&.3= 9>5*8= 4+= 3*:7438= *=.89a='.,= &3)= .39*72*).&9*282&11_= T<4= 9>5*8= 4+= ,1.4(>9*8= &184= *=.89a= )&70= &3)= 1.,-9_= N*:7438= -&;*= 74:3).8-= 3:(1*.`= -&;.3,= :3(43)*38*)= 47= (1:25*)= (-742&9.3_= S42*= 3*:7438= (439&.3= (>9451&82.(=5.,2*39*)=,7&3:1*8_=T-*=3*:7438=&7*=9>5.(&11>=:3.541&7`=':9=842*=7&7*1>= &7*='.541&7b=&=438=*=9*3)=94=9-*=2*):11&_=S>3&59.(=(439&(98=&3)=;*8.(1*8=4((:7='49-=.3= (479*==&3)=2*):11&_=G1.4(>9*8=&7*=*143,&9*)=47=97.&3,:1&7`=&=&(-.3,=94=3*:7438=47=9-*.7= 574/*(9.438_= G*3*7&11>`=,1.4(>9*8= &7*= 82&11*7= 9-&3= 3*:7438`= -&;.3,= -.,-*7= 3:(1*:8= 94= (>9451&82=7&9.4_=Y*9`=).89.3(9.43='*9<**3=82&11=3*:7438=&3)=,1.4(>9*8=.8=349=4V=*3=(1*&7= &3)=8**28=:37*1.&'1*=&9=LM_=U3)*7)4.3,=89:).*8=<.11=4S=*7=(-&7&(9*7.?&9.43=7*Q=3*2*398_
T+1 -,* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+2 T+2_O+ MAKING=SMALL=DATA=BIGa A=SOLUTION=FOR=THE=PUBLISHING=BOTTLENECK=IN=BIODIVERSITY L>:'42.7=P*3*;+`,`=T*4)47=G*47,.*;,`=P&;*1=S94*;,`-`=J47)&3=B.8*704;,`======L&:7*3(*=L.;*7247*/`=J*7*2>=M.11*7.`=D&;.)=R4'*798/`=V.3(*39=S2.9-/ +I389.9:9*=+47=B.4).;*78.9>=&3)=E(48>89*2=R*8*&7(-`=B:1,&7.&3=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8`=S4Q=&`=B:1,&7.&======.3+4 5*384V=_3*9 ,P*384V==P:'1.8-*78`=S4Q=&`=B:1,&7.&=.3+4 5*384V=_3*9= -N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=S4Q=&`=B:1,&7.&=574/*(98 5*384V=_3*9= .NCB=N&9:7&1.8`=L*.)*3`=T-*=N*9-*71&3)8=J*7*2>_M.11*7 3('3&9:7&1.8_31= /T-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=C742<*11=R4&)`=L43)43`=UK=;.3(* ;82.9-_.3+4= =P:'1.8-.3,='4=1*3*(0=.8=(425&7&'1*=94=9-*=9&=4342.(=.25*).2*39`=':9=.8=(&:8*)= '>a= = += .3(7*&8.3,= &24:39= 4+= )&9&= ):*= 94= 9-*= .39*38.Q=(&9.43= 4+= 8(.*39.Q=(= *=5147&9.43= .3(7*&8*8b= ,= 5:'1.8-.3,= .3= 34382&(-.3*87*&)&'1*= +472&98`= *_,_= 5&5*72PDFb= -= 14<= :59&0*=&3)=.3(438.89*39=541.(.*8=+47=)&9&=5:'1.8-.3,b=.=57*88:7*=4+=&)2.3.897&9478=94= 5:'1.8-=.3=-.,-8.25&(9=/4:73&18b==/=.3(7*&8.3,=).T==(:19.*8=<.9-=5**787*;.*<_ T-*= B.4).;*78.9>= D&9&= J4:73&1= = BDJ= <<<_5*384V=_3*92/4:73&182')/= &3)= &884(.&9*)= P*384V==W7.9.3,=T441=PWT=<<<_5<9_5*384V=_3*9=':.1)=43=9-*=*=5*7.*3(*=4+=9-*=-.,-1>= 8:((*88+:1= Z44K*>8= &3)= &7*= 1&:3(-*)= <.9-.3= 9-*= EU8+:3)*)= 574/*(9= V.BRANT_= BDJ= .8=9-*=Q=789=<470=R=4<=*;*7=94=8:55479=9-*=+:11=1.+*=(>(1*=4+=&=2&3:8(7.59`=+742=<7.9.3,= 9-74:,-=(422:3.9>=5**787*;.*<`=5:'1.(&9.43=&3)=).88*2.3&9.43=<.9-.3=&=8.3,1*`=431.3*= (411&'47&9.;*=51&9+472_ BDJ=5:'1.8-*8=5&5*78=.3=&11='.4).;*78.9>=8(.*3(*=9&=4342.(`=2475-414,.(&1`=,*342.(`= *(414,.(&1`= <.9-= 34= 14<*7= 47= :55*7= 1.2.9= 94= 2&3:8(7.59= 8.?*_= T-*= 2&.3= 9>5*8= 4+= 2&3:8(7.598=&7*a=+=8.3,1*=9&=43=97*&92*398=*_,_`=3*<=9&=&`=3*<=3&2*828>343>28`=7*8 )*8(7.59.438b= ,= )&9&= 5&5*78= )*8(7.'.3,= '.4).;*78.9>87*1&9*)= )&9&'&8*8b= -= 8&251.3,= 7*54798b= .= 14(&127*,.43&1= &3)= -&'.9&98'&8*)= (-*(01.8982.3;*3947.*8b= /= *(414,.(&1= &3)= '.414,.(&1=4'8*7;&9.438=4+=85*(.*82(422:3.9.*8b=1=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=0*>8b=2=)*8(7.59.438= 4+='.4).;*78.9>87*1&9*)=84V=<&7*=94418_ T*=9= &3)= )&9&= 8:'2.=*)= 94= B.4).;*78.9>= D&9&= J4:73&1= &7*= +472&11>= 5**787*;.*<*)= &3)= *;&1:&9*)= +47= 9*(-3.(&1= 84:3)3*88= &3)= 9-*= (477*(9= 57*8*39&9.43= 4+= &557457.&9*= &3)= 8:T==(.*39= 2*9&)&9&= 9-74:,-= &= 34;*1= (422:3.9>8'&8*)= 57*85:'1.(&9.43= 5**787*;.*<= &3)= 5488.'.1.9.*8= 94= (422*39= &V=*7= 5:'1.(&9.43= 548985:'1.(&9.43= 5**787*;.*<_= A:9-478= 2&>= &184=459=+47=&3=*39.7*1>=5:'1.(=5**787*;.*<=574(*88_=R*;.*<*78=2&>=459=94='*=&343>24:8= 47=94=).8(148*=9-*.7=3&2*8_= T-*= P*384V== W7.9.3,= T441= PWT= 574;.)*8= &= 8*9= 4+= 57*8)*Q=3*)`= ':9= R=*=.'1*`= &79.(1*= 9*251&9*8`= &3)= .25479= +:3(9.43= +742= *=9*73&1= )&9&'&8*8= D&7<.3= C47*= )&9&`= '.'1.4,7&5-.*8`= .3(1:).3,= 97&(0= (-&3,*= &3)= (422*398= 94418`= 7*;.8.43= -.8947>`=431.3*= T+2 (411&'47&9.43= '*9<**3= &:9-478= &3)= *=9*73&1= (4397.':9478= *_,_`= 2*39478`= 549*39.&1= 7*;.*<*78`=1.3,:.89.(=*).9478_=S:'2.88.43=94=9-*=/4:73&1=.8=8.251>=&9=9-*=(1.(0=4+=&=':=43_ ABSTRACTS -,+
T+2_O, ACTIVITIES=OF=THE=PHILIPPINE=MOLLUSK=SYMBIONT=INTERNATIONAL= COOPERATIVE=BIODIVERSITY=GROUP G&7>=R48*3'*7, D*5&792*39=4+=M&1&(414,>`=A(&)*2>=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=D7*=*1=U3.;*78.9>`= +3**=B*3/&2.3=F7&301.3=P&70<&>`=P-.1&)*15-.&`=PA=+3+*-`=USA=748*3'*7,_&385 )7*=*1_*): T-*=P-.1.55.3*=M411:80=S>2'.439=I39*73&9.43&1=C445*7&9.;*=B.4).;*78.9>=G74:5=PMS8 ICBGb= <<<_5288.(',_47,= .8= &3= NIH8+:3)*)= (411&'47&9.43= 9-&9= (42'.3*8= 7*8*&7(-= 43= 2411:8(&3= ).;*78.9>= <.9-= ).8(4;*7>= 4+= 3&9:7&1= 574):(98= +742= '&(9*7.&= 9-&9= 1.;*= 8>2'.49.(&11>= .3= 2411:808_= T&7,*98= 4+= 9-*= 3&9:7&1= 574):(9= 7*8*&7(-= &7*= (4254:3)8= 4+= 5-&72&(*:9.(&1= .39*7*89= &3)= *3?>2*8= 9-&9= 2.,-9= '*= :8*)= +47= '.4+:*1= 574):(9.43_= P-&72&(*:9.(&1=9&7,*98=&7*=84:,-9=2&.31>=.3=3*4,&897454)8`=<.9-=+4(:8=43=M:7.(4.)*&= &3)=C434.)*&`=':9=<.9-=8&251.3,='74&)1>=&(7488=9-*=G&897454)&_=C*11:1&8*=&(9.;.9>=.8= 84:,-9= 57.2&7>= .3= 9-*= T*7*).3.)&*`= ':9= &184= &88&>*)= .3= -*7'.;474:8= ,&897454)8_= O3= 9-*='.4).;*78.9>=8.)*`=9-*=574/*(9=-&8=&88*88*)=9-*=1:2:381:2:3=2*9-4)=4+=8&251.3,= <-.(-=<&8=)*;*145*)=.3=9-*=P-.1.55.3*8`=-*15*)=24;*=9-*=W471)=R*,.89*7=4+=M&7.3*= S5*(.*8=94<&7)8=(4251*9*3*88=+47=;&1.)=85*(.*8=4+=2411:808`=7*8:19*)=.3=9-*=)*8(7.59.43= 4+=8*;*7&1=85*(.*8=4+=(434.)*&38`=&3)=(:19:7*)=3*<=897&.38=4+='&(9*7.&=+742=K:5-:8=&3)= 49-*7=8-.5<4728_=C42'.3.3,=).8(4;*7>=4+=3&9:7&1=574):(98=<.9-='.4).;*78.9>=).8(4;*7>= .8=&=5742.8.3,=&;*3:*=+47=&((*1*7&9.3,=<470=.3=8>89*2&9.(='.414,>`=5&79.(:1&71>=.3=1.,-9= 4+=7*(*39=&);&3(*8=.3=(425&7&9.;*=,*342.(8_
T+2_O- MOUNTAIN=KILIMANJARO=ECOSYSTEMS=UNDER=GLOBAL=CHANGEa=STORY= FROM=SNAILS C-7.89.3*=N,*7*?& D*5&792*39=4+=C411*(9.43=M&3&,*2*39`=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=T&3?&3.&=P_O_=B4==/++`= D&7=*8=S&1&&2`=T&3?&3.&=(3,*7*?& >&-44_(42 B.4).;*78.9>=2&.39&.3*)='>=9745.(&1=24:39&.3=*(48>89*28=.8=9-7*&9*3*)='>=9-*=(42'.3*)= .25&(98=4+=,14'&1=<&72.3,=&3)=9-*=(43;*78.43=4+=3&9:7&1=94=-:2&3=24).Q=*)=1&3)8(&5*8_= T-.8=5&5*7=57*8*398=57*1.2.3&7>=Q=3).3,8=4+=9-*=438,4.3,=89:)>=43=&':3)&3(*`=).;*78.9>= &3)=(42548.9.43=4+=1&3)=83&.18=.3=-:2&38).89:7'*)=*(48>89*28=4+=M4:39&.3=K.1.2&3/&74_= U8.3,=&=(42'.3&9.43=4+=).7*(9=8*&7(-=+47=-4:7=&3)=1.=*788.*;.3,=9*(-3.6:*8`=83&.18=<*7*= 8&251*)=.3=&=5149=4+=,/**=2J=.3=/=:3.98=4+=*&(-=-&'.9&9a=).89:7'*)=+47*898`=-42*=,&7)*38`= ,7&881&3)8`=8-&)*)=(4S=**=51&39&9.438`=+:11=8:38(4S=**=51&39&9.438=&3)=2&.?*=Q=*1)8_=T49&1= 3:2'*7=4+=83&.18=5*7=5149=7&3,*)='*9<**3=*=&3)=+*,`=<-.1*=9-*=3:2'*7=4+=.3).;.):&18= T+2 5*7=85*(.*8=7&3,*)=+742=+=94=/1_=A=949&1=4+=-,=85*(.*8=<*7*=(411*(9*)=&((4:39.3,=+47=.,_+= 4+=5:'1.8-*)=85*(.*8=&3)=).;*78.9>=5*7=5149=7&3,*)='*9<**3=+=&3)=,*_=A8=3&9:7&1=&7*&8= &7*=.3(7*&8.3,1>=7*):(*)=.394=.841&9*)=7*23&398`=9-*=.25479&3(*=4+=8*(43)&7>=-&'.9&98= +47=85*(.*8=(438*7;&9.43=-&8=&8=<*11=.3(7*&8*)_ -,, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+2_O. MOLLUSCS=ASSOCIATED=WITH=CORAL=REEF=ISLA=LARGA`= SAN=ESTEBAN=NATIONAL=PARK`=CARABOBO=STATE`=VENEZUELA J:1.&=A3)7*.3&=A1;&7*?8B&7(4+`=J48S=G7*,47.4=R4)7.,:*?,`= C&72*3=T*7*8&=R4)7.,:*?,`=S&2:*1=N&7(.84- +U3.;*78.)&)=S.23=B41c;&7`=D*5&79&2*394=)*=E89:).48=A2'.*39&1*8`=L&'47&947.4=)*=B.414,c&=M&7.3&= **-`=V&11*=)*=S&79*3*/&8`=B&7:9&`=E)4_=M.7&3)&`=A5&79&)4=23***=C&'1*=U3.'41c;&7`=C&7&(&8`=V*3*?:*1&= /&1;&7*?'&7(4 ,2&.1_(42 ,U3.;*78.)&)=)*=C&7&'4'4`=A7(4=)*=B@7':1&`=FAC>T_=D594_=B.414,c&`=N&,:&3&,:&`=C&7&'4'4`=V*3*?:*1&`= C).,4=P489&1=,**/=/,74)7.,: :(_*):_;*`=(974)7., :(_*):_;* -A;_=P7.3(.5&1=)*=148=C479_=48=)*=L4:7)*8=(43=, =97&38;*78&1=2=E).+_=C*3974=E257*8&7.&1=S*3)*748`= P.84=/`=OQ=(_=/*/`=C&7&(&8`=V*3*?:*1&`=C).,4=P489&1=+*1+=83&7(.84 +:)*3&_47,_;* C47&1=7**+8=&7*=)*Q=3*)=&8=9-*=2489=).;*78*=9745.(&1=(4&89&1=2&7.3*=*3;.7432*398_=T-*= <.)*=;&7.*9>=4+=47,&3.828=.3-&'.9.3,=).S=*7*39=2.(74-&'.9&98`=9-*7*+47*=9-*8*=8>89*28=&7*= )*9*72.3*)=&8=&=(4251*==(422:3.9>`=.3(1:)*=.3;*79*'7&9*8`=&243,=9-*2=9-*=2411:8(8`= <-.(-=-&;*=&=-.,-=)*38.9>=&3)=<.)*=).897.':9.43=9-74:,-4:9=9-*=+44)=(-&.3=&3)=.3=9-*= 7**+=8>89*2_=S9:).*8=4+=9-*=(422:3.9>=574;.)*=.3+472&9.43=43='.4).;*78.9>=&3)=*(414,>= 4+=9-.8=*(48>89*2_=I3=V*3*?:*1&`=.3=89:).*8=4+=9-*=*&89*73=5&79=4+=9-*=(4:397>`=85*(.&1= &=*39.43=.8=,.;*3=94=,74:58=4+=2411:808=9-&9=.3-&'.9=84V=='4=428=&3)=(7455.3,=1.3*8`= ':9=431>=&=+*<=<4708=<*7*=2&)*=.3=7**+=8>89*28_=T-*7*+47*`=9-*=&.2=4+=9-.8=<470=.8=94= ,*3*7&9*=9&=4342.(=.3+472&9.43=43=9-*=2411:80='.4).;*78.9>=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=7**+=.3=I81&= L&7,&`=.3=9-*=S&3=E89*'&3=N&9.43&1=P&70`=&8=&=8(.*39.Q=(=(4397.':9.43=+47=(438*7;&9.43_=A8= &=7*8:19=4+=9-*=8&251.3,=&7*&8=.3=I81&=L&7,&=7**+=):7.3,=9-*=>*&78=,**0=94=,**3`=85*(.2*38= 4+=2411:808=<*7*=(411*(9=43=9-*=)*59-=,7&).*39=+742=*=94=+2=2*9*78=)**5='>=S(:'&=).;.3,_= F47=9-*=Q=789=9.2*=<*7*=.)*39.Q=*)=.3=I81&=L&7,&`=PN=S&3=E89*'&3`=,/=+&2.1.*8=<.9-.3=9-*= P->1:2= M411:8(&= &3)= -2= 85*(.*8= (439&.3*)= .3= 9-*= (1&88*8= B.;&1;.&= &3)= G&89*7454)&_= T-*=85*(.*8=(411*(9*)=-&;*='**3=7*5479*)=+742=49-*78=C&7.''*&3=(47&1=7**+8`=&8=<*11=&8= .3=49-*7=9745.(&1=2&7.3*=8>89*28`=1.0*=8*&=,7&88`=2&3,74;*=&3)=7**+=1&,4438_=I81&=L&7,&= 8-4<8=.25479&39=9&=4342.(=.3+472&9.43=+742=&=82&11=&7*&=8:7;*>*)_=T-*7*+47*`=9-*8*= Q=3).3,8=89743,1>=8:,,*89=9-&9=9-*7*=8-4:1)='*=&3=.3(7*&8*)=*S=479=43=247*=8:7;*>=&7*&8= .3=9-*=P&76:*=N&(.43&1=S&3=E89*'&3_
T+2_O/ UNRAVELLING=TAXONOMIC=COMPLEXITIES=IN=THE=ENDEMIC=SOUTHERN= AFRICAN=GENUS=CHONDROCYCLUS=CYCLOPHORIDAE M&7>=L_=C41* T+2 E&89=L43)43=M:8*:2`=P_O_=B4==++*,+`=S4:9-*73<44)`=/,+-`=S4:9-=A+7.(&======2&7>':78*> *12:8*:2_?&_47, C-43)74(>(1:8=&7*=82&11=45*7(:1&9*=1&3)=83&.18=.3-&'.9.3,=1*&+=1.=*7=4+=+47*898_=T-*>=&7*= (-&7&(9*7.8*)='>=&3=473&9*=5*7.4897&(:2=<.9-=&=.&1=51*&98`=-&.78=47=R=&3,*81.0*=*=9*38.438= &3)=&=-473>=45*7(:1:2=<.9-=&=85.7&11>=(4.1*)=+7.3,*=4+=+:8*)='7.891*8_=T-*=85*(.*8=-&;*= &=+7&,2*39*)=).897.':9.43=9-74:,-4:9=*&89*73=&3)=84:9-*73=S4:9-=A+7.(&`=9.*)=94=9-*= 57*8*3(*=4+=+47*89=&3)=9-.(0*9_=T-*>='*143,=94=9-*=9745.(&1=+&2.1>=C>(145-47.)&*`=&=,74:5= <*11=7*57*8*39*)=.3=A8.&=&3)=M&)&,&8&7`=':9=<.9-=431>=+2=)*8(7.'*)=85*(.*8=.3=2&.31&3)= A+7.(&`=3.3*=7*+*77*)=94=C-43)74(>(1:8_=T-*=,*3:8=<&8=1&89=7*;.*<*)=.3=+3-3`=':9=85*(.*8= ABSTRACTS -,-
<*7*=4;*71440*)=8.3(*=<473=8-*118=1440=&1.0*`=&3)=+*<=&3&942.(&1=)*9&.18=<*7*=034<3_= A3= :58948)&9*= 7*;.8.43= .8= 574;.)*)= &3)= 85*(.*881*;*1= 9&=4342>= *=9*38.;*1>= :5)&9*)= .3= 9-*= 1.,-9= 4+= 3*<= 2475-414,.(&1= )&9&_= C425&7&9.;*= 2475-414,.(&1= 4'8*7;&9.438= &7*= 574;.)*)= +47= 9-*= 57494(43(-`= 5*7.4897&(:2`= 45*7(:1:2`= 7&):1&= &3)= 5*3.8`= &11= (-&7&(9*78=<-.(-=*=-.'.9=5->14,*3*9.(&11>=(438.89*39=;&7.&9.43_=T-7**=2&.3=1.3*&,*8=&7*= .)*39.Q=*)`=*&(-=(4257.8.3,=9<4=47=247*=8:'81.3*&,*8`='&8*)=43=9-*=5*7.4897&(:2=&3)= &=(42'.3&9.43=4+=9-*=(-&7&(9*78=.3;*89.,&9*)_=T<4=85*(.*8=+742=3479-=4+=S4:9-=A+7.(&`= 4((:77.3,=.3=M&1&<.=&3)=Z.2'&'<*=7*85*(9.;*1>`=&7*=7*24;*)=+742=C-43)74(>(1:8='&8*)= 43= 9-*= 45*7(:1:2= &3)= 5*7.4897&(:2_= C-43)74(>(1:8= .8= 9-:8= 034<3= 431>= +742= S4:9-= A+7.(&= &19-4:,-= +:79-*7= (411*(9.3,= .8= 1.0*1>= 94= 574):(*= 7*(47)8= +742= S<&?.1&3)= &3)= M4?&2'.6:*_=A11=85*(.*8`='&77.3,=9-*=<.)*1>8).897.':9*)=C_=.8.5.3,4*38.8`=&7*=3&774<8 7&3,*=*3)*2.(8`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
T+2_O0 MANGROVE8ASSOCIATED=MOLLUSCS=OF=SOUTHEAST=ASIAa= DIVERSITY=AND=DIVERSIFICATION D&;.)=G_=R*.)+`=T424<4=O?&<&, +D*5&792*39=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=L43)43=SW1=/BD`=UK=D_R*.) 3-2_&(_:0 ,D*5&792*39=4+=W471)=H*7.9&,*`=C>'*7=U3.;*78.9>`=N&,4>&=.0.8**,3`=J&5&3= 4?&<&8(.'*78: 7->9-2_4(3_3*_/5 M&3,74;*= +47*898= &7*= &3= .(43.(= ':9= 9-7*&9*3*)= *3;.7432*39= .3= SE= A8.&_= W-.1*= R=47.89.(8= &3)= *(414,>= -&;*= '**3= <.)*1>= 89:).*)`= 9-*= *;41:9.43= &3)= ).;*78.9>= 4+= 9-*= .3;*79*'7&9*= +&:3&= &7*= 54471>= :3)*78944)_= T-*= 2&3,74;*8&884(.&9*)= 2411:8(8= 4+= 9-*= I3)48P&(.Q=(= &7*= 349= ;*7>= ).;*78*`= <.9-= &74:3)= +**= 85*(.*8= )42.3&9*)= '>= 431>= 9-7**= ,&897454)=+&2.1*8a=P49&2.).)&*`=L.=47.3.)&*=&3)=E114'..)&*_=F47=9-*=Q=789=9<4=4+=9-*8*= +&2.1.*8`=3*&78(4251*9*=85*(.*881*;*1=241*(:1&7=5->14,*3.*8=&3)=).897.':9.43=)&9&=&7*= 34<= &;&.1&'1*`= *3&'1.3,= 7*(43897:(9.43= 4+= -.8947.(&1= 574(*88*8= 4+= ).;*78.Q=(&9.43= &3)= )4(:2*39&9.43=4+=24)*73=5&=*738=4+=).;*78.9>_=M&3,74;*=1.=47.3.)8=,*3:8=L.=47&7.&= -&;*= &= 7*1&9.;*1>= 143,= 5*1&,.(= 1&7;&1= 1.+*= 4+= :5= 94= +*= <**08= &3)= 2489= 8-4<= <.)*`= 4;*71&55.3,=).897.':9.438=.3=9-*=(*397&1=I3)48P&(.Q=(`=<.9-=85*(.&9.43=431>=.3=5*7.5-*7&1= &7*&8= 9-*= 89&(0= 4+= 5&3(&0*8= 24)*1_= I3= (4397&89`= 9-*= 549&2.).)8= -&;*= 8-47981.;*)= 1&7;&*= 1*88= 9-&3= ,= <**08= &3)= 8-4<= ;*7>= ).S=*7*39= 5&=*738_= F47= *=&251*`= C*7.9-.)*&= T+2 85*(.*8= 8-4<= 82&11`= 3&774<1>= &1145&97.(= 7&3,*8`= .251>.3,= 85*(.&9.43= <.9-.3= SE= A8.&= 9-*= 248&.(=24)*1_=S*;*7&1=(&8*8=4+=(4.3(.)*3(*=&243,=9-*='4:3)&7.*8='*9<**3=8.89*7= 85*(.*8=8:,,*89=9-&9=;.(&7.&3(*=85*(.&9.43=-&8=4((:77*)=&(7488=7*(4,3.?*)='.4,*4,7&5-.(= '&77.*78`=.3(1:).3,=9-*= W&11&(*=L.3*=9-&9=.8=+&24:8=.3=9-*=9*77*897.&1=7*&12_=N4<=9-&9= ).897.':9.438=4+=2&3,74;*=2411:8(8=&7*=034<3=.3=842*=)*9&.1`=.9=.8=5488.'1*=94=5149=85*(.*8= ).;*78.9>=&(7488=9-*=7*,.43_=W-*7*&8=2&3,74;*=51&398=(43+472=94=9-*=+&2.1.&7=5&=*73= 4+=2&=.2:2=).;*78.9>=.3=9-*=C47&1=T7.&3,1*=4+=*&89*73=I3)43*8.&`=2&3,74;*=2411:8(8= &7*=2489=).;*78*=.3=9-*=84:9-*73=S4:9-=C-.3&=S*&=&3)=J&;&=S*&`=<.9-=.251.(&9.438=+47= (438*7;&9.43=*S=4798_ -,. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+2_O1 TAXONOMY`=BIOGEOGRAPHY=AND=ECOLOGY=OF=TERRESTRIAL=MOLLUSCS= OF=THE=ATLANTIC=FOREST=IN=PARANÁ=STATE`= SOUTHERN=BRAZIL E):&7)4=C411*> UFPR=:=U3.;*78.)&)*=F*)*7&1=)4=P&7&3@`=P88G7&):&OD4=*2=Z4414,.&2UFPR`=S*947=)*=C.U3(.&8=B.41,.(&8`= C&.=&=P489&1=+3*,*832*`=C.)&)*=)*=C:7.9.'&`=E89&)4=)4=P&7&3@`=B7&8.1=*):&7)4(411*> >&-44_(42_'7 T-*=9745.(&1=+47*898`=8:'9745.(&1=&3)=&7.)=7*,.438=&74:3)=9-*=51&3*9=-&7'47=&=7*2&70&'1*= ).;*78.9>= 4+= 9*77*897.&1= 2411:8(8= 9-&9= -&;*= .397.38.(= .25479&3(*= &8= ;.9&1= *1*2*398= .3= 9-*= 3&9:7&1= *3;.7432*39= <-*7*= 9-*>= *;41;*)= &3)= &7*= +:3(9.43&11>= .25479&39= +47= 9-*= 2&.39*3&3(*=4+=*(48>89*28=.3=<-.(-=9-*>=1.;*_=A19-4:,-=7*8*&7(-=-&8=&);&3(*)=,14'&11>= .3=7*(*39=)*(&)*8`=034<1*),*=&'4:9=9-.8=2&1&(4+&:3&=7*2&.38=.3=.98=.3+&3(>=.3=B7&?.1`= <-*7*=.9=.8=*89.2&9*)=9-&9=1*88=9-&3=+2-=4+=.98=).;*78.9>=.8=034<3_=C438.)*7.3,=9-*=7&5.)= 7&9*= 4+= )*,7&)&9.43= 4+= 3&9:7&1= *3;.7432*398= '*(&:8*= 4+= -:2&3= )*;*1452*39= &3)= ;:13*7&'.1.9>=4+=9*77*897.&1=2411:8(8=.3=7*1&9.43=94=-&'.9&9=1488`=9-*7*=&7*=(*79&.31>=85*(.*8= 9-&9=&7*=&9=7.80=4+=*=9.3(9.43='*+47*='*.3,=5745*71>=034<3_=I3=9-.8=(439*=9=9-*=+4(:8=.8= 43=9-*=1&3)=4+=9-*=S9&9*=4+=P&7&3@`=14(&9*)=.3=84:9-*73=B7&?.1=,/J+/*.S=/,J*++1W`= '47)*7*)=43=9-*=3479-='>=9-*=SD4=P&:14=S9&9*`='*9<**3=9-*=A91&39.(=O(*&3=E&89=&3)= A7,*39.3&=W*89_=T-*=8:7+&(*=4+=9-*=7*,.43=.8=).89.3,:.8-*)='>=57*8*39.3,=Q=;*=?43*8= <.9-= 1.2.9*)= ,*4,7&5-.(= 1&3)8(&5*8= '>= 24:39&.3= 7&3,*8`= <-.(-= &7*= ).897.':9*)= +0= <&9*78-*)8_= T-*= *&898<*89= *=9*38.43= 4+= 9-*= 89&9*= <&8= 47.,.3&11>= (4;*7*)= '>= A91&39.(= F47*89= '.42*= 2-`= .39*785*78*)= <.9-= 3438+47*89*)= +472&9.438= +1`= <-.(-= ):*= 94= 9-*= 143,.9:).3&1= ;&7.&9.43= 9-*7*= &7*= Q=;*= ).89.3(9= ;*,*9&9.43= :3.98= 9-&9= (477*8543)= 94= ,*4,7&5-.(&1=&7*&8_=G.;*3=9-.8=5&347&2&`=9-*=Q=789=89*5=94=Q=11=5&79=4+=9-.8=,&5=.3=8(.*39.Q=(= 034<1*),*=.8=&3=:7,*39=3**)=94=(43):(9=85*(.*8=8:7;*>8=&3)=9-*=)&9&=5:'1.(&9.43=9-&9= 2&0*=9-.8=2&1&(4+&:3&=034<3=&8=<*11=&8=9-*=9-7*&9=.9=+&(*8_=B&8*)=43=9-*=57*2.8*=9-&9= 9*77*897.&1= ,&897454)8= &7*= 8*)*39&7>= &3.2&18= 9-&9= -&;*= .39.2&9*= )*5*3)*3(*= 4+= '.49.(= &3)= &'.49.(= (43).9.438= 7*1&9*)= 94= 9-*= *(48>89*2= .3= <-.(-= 9-*>= 1.;*`= 9-*= +:3)&2*39&1= ->549-*8.8=4+=9-.8=89:)>=.8=9-&9=9-*8*=2411:8(8=(4389.9:9*=&=,44)=24)*1=+47=&3&1>8.8=4+= '.4,*4,7&5-.(=&3)=*(414,.(&1=)&9&_=T-*=<470=<&8=).;.)*)=.394=97**=89&,*8a=+J=,&9-*7.3,= 4+=.3+472&9.43=&'4:9=9-*=85*(.*8=4+=2411:8(8=4+=9-*=P&7&3@=S9&9*=.3=9-*=1.9*7&9:7*=&3)=.3= 9-*=2:8*:28=(411*(9.438=MHNCI`=MZSP`=MNRJ`=ANSP`=MCZ=&3)=.3+472&9.43=43=9-*= ,*414,.(&1=*;41:9.43=4+=9-*=7*,.43b=,J=A(9.;.9>=.3=Q=*1)a=85*(.*8=8:7;*>8=.3=3&9:7&1=&7*&8= :8.3,=89&3)&7).?*)=(411*(9.43=2*9-4)b=-J=A3&1>8.8=L&'47&947>a=-_+a=S>89*2&9.(=&3&1>8.8b= -_,a= T4=)*9*72.3*= 9-*= 7.(-3*88`= &':3)&3(*= &3)= ).897.':9.43= 4+= 9*77*897.&1= 2411:808= .3= P&7&3@= .3= 2&(74*(414,.(&1= &5574&(-b= -_-a= T4= 8**0= (43,7:*39= ).897.':9.43= 5&=*738= T+2 &243,=).S=*7*39=85*(.*8=3&9:7&1=1&3)8(&5*8=4+=P&7&3@='&8*)=43=5->94,*4,7&5-.(=:3.98= &3)=)*1.2.9=&7*&8=4+=*3)*2.82b=-_.a=T4=&88*88=9-*=.3R=:*3(*=4+=;*,*9&9.43=9>5*8=43=9-*= (42548.9.43=&3)=897&9.Q=(&9.43=4+=9*77*897.&1=2411:8(8=.3=P&7&3@=&3)=*;&1:&9*=9-*=.3R=:*3(*= 9-*=(42548.9.43=4+=1.=*7=43=9-*=(422:3.9>=2.(74,&89754)*8=&3&1>?*)='>=GIS=A7(G.8= &3)=.39*7(433*(9*)='>=89&9.89.(&1=,*3*7&1.?&9.438`=*_,_=P*7&78438=(477*1&9.43`=PCA=&3)= ANOSIM_=W*=4'9&.3*)=+.3=85*(.*8=+*.=2&(74,&897454)*8=&3)=./=2.(74,&897454)*8`= .3(1:)*)=.3=/-=,*3*7&=&3)=,/=+&2.1.*8_=O+=9-.8=949&1`=-2=85*(.*8=&7*='*1.*;*)=94='*=3*<=94= 8(.*3(*_=W*=7*(47)*)=+/=85*(.*8=3438S9>1422&945-47&=3=H*1.(.3.)&*`=-=G>2342475-&`= ,= D.51422&9.3.)&*`= += P49.*7..)&*_= F742= 9-.8= 949&1= <*7*= ,-= *=49.(= 85*(.*8`= .3(1:).3,= 9<4=.3;&8.;*=85*(.*8_=T-*=*;&1:&9.43=7*;*&1*)=&='.4,*4,7&5-.(&1=&3)=*(414,.(&1=8*7.*8= ABSTRACTS -,/
:35:'1.8-*)= 7*8:198= +47= :3)*789&3).3,= 9-*= 5&=*738= &3)= 574(*88*8= 43= 9-*= ).;*78.9>= 4+=9*77*897.&1=2411:8(8=.3=9-*=1&7,*89=7*2&.3.3,=4+=57*8*7;*)=A91&39.(=+47*89=.3=B7&?.1`= (438.)*7*)=-.,-857.47.9>=&7*&=94='.4).;*78.9>=(438*7;&9.43_
T+2_O2 PHYLOGENY=OF=THE=CAENOGASTROPODA=: A=MORPHOLOGICAL=PERSPECTIVE L:.?=R.(&7)4=L_=S.243* M:8*:=)*=Z4414,.&=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=SD4=P&:14=178.243* :85_'7 T-*=1&7,*89=5->14,*3>=431>='&8*)=43=3438241*(:1&7=(-&7&(9*78`=._*_`=2475-414,>`=<&8= 7*(*391>= 5:'1.8-*)= S.243*`= ,*++= := -*/= 9&=&`= 5+***= (-&7&(9*78`= 5-_/**= 89&9*8`= 7&.8.3,= &= 2>7.&)= 4+= .251.(&9.438`= .3(1:).3,a= +_= C425&7.843= <.9-= 241*(:1&7= &5574&(-*8= 4+= 2411:8(&3= &3)= ,&897454)= 5->14,*3>b= ,_= I38*79.43= 4+= &3>= +:79-*7= 9&=43= &3&942.(&11>= 89:).*)= .3= 9-*= *34724:8= )&9&82&97.=`= .3= 47)*7= 94= &3&1>?*= .98= 5488.'1*= 7*1&9.438-.5= :3)*7=&=2475-414,.(&1=54.39=4+=;.*
T+2_O3 THE=PRESENT=KNOWLEDGE=OF=THE=TAXONOMY=OF=TRIPHORIDAE= GASTROPODA=FROM=BRAZIL M&:7c(.4=R_=F*73&3)*8`=A1*=&3)7*=D_=P.2*39& +M:8*:=N&(.43&1=2=U3.;*78.)&)*=F*)*7&1=)4=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=B7&?.1======2&:7.(.4+*73&3)*8+. -492&.1_(42`=&1*=5.2 23_:+7/_'7 T-*=+&2.1>=T7.5-47.)&*=(4257.8*8=8*;*7&1=85*(.*8=)*8(7.'*)=<471)<.)*`='*.3,=:8:&11>= 7*(4,3.?*)= '>= 9-*.7= 1*V=8-&3)*)= 8-*11= &19-4:,-= 85*(.*8= 4+= M*9&=..3&*= &7*= )*=97&1`= 57*8*3(*=4+=9-7**=-41*8=&5*79:7*`=&39*7.47=(&3&1=&3)=5489*7.47=(&3&1=&3)=7-.3.4,1488&9*= T+2 )*39.9.43_=I9=.8=(438.)*7*)=&8=43*=4+=9-*=B.,=F.;*=+&2.1.*8=4+=2&7.3*=2411:808=.3=9*728= 4+=7.(-3*88_=A19-4:,-=<*11=89:).*)=.3=9-*=P&(.Q=(`=E:745*=&3)=C&7.''*&3`=T7.5-47.)&*= -&)= 3*;*7= '**3= 8:'/*(9= 4+= &= 1&7,*= 7*;.8.43= .3= B7&?.1`= <-*7*= 2&3>= 85*(.*8= 3**)= 94= '*= 7*5479*)= 47= )*8(7.'*)_= P7*;.4:81>= 94= 9-.8= 89:)>`=9-*7*= <*7*= 431>= +-= 85*(.*8= 842*= 4+= 9-*2=&7*=&(9:&11>=2.8.)*39.Q=(&9.438=1.89*)=+742=9-*=B7&?.1.&3=(4&89`=9-74:,-=,*3*7&1= (&9&14,:*8=4+=2411:808=47=.841&9*)=7*,.89*78=4+=85*(.*8_=A8=5&79=4+=&=574/*(9=&.2.3,=94= 034<=9-*=7*&1=).;*78.9>=4+=T7.5-47.)&*=+742=B7&?.1`=8*;*7&1=<4708=<*7*=5:'1.8-*)=47= &7*= '*.3,= 57*5&7*)_=A= 7*;.8.43= 4+= M*9&=..3&*= 7*51&(*)= 9-*= 8.3,1*= 85*(.*8= 57*;.4:81>= 7*5479*)='>=Q=;*=85*(.*8`=43*=4+=9-*2=3*<_=T-*=7*;.*<=4+=T7.5-47.3&*=+742=&=5&79.(:1&7= -,0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
7*,.43`=9-*=V.97.&8T7.3)&)*=S*&24:39=C-&.3=84:9-*&89*73=B7&?.1`=7*;*&1*)=+-=85*(.*8`= 4+=<-.(-=8*;*3=<*7*=3*<=7*(47)8=4+=C&7.''*&3=85*(.*8=&3)=9<4=<*7*=3*<=85*(.*8_=T-*= (:77*39=<4708=43=T7.5-47.3&*=.3(1:)*8=.98=7*;.*<=43=&349-*7=14(&1.9>`=9-*=C&2548=B&8.3= 84:9-*&89*73= B7&?.1`= <-.(-= &))8= +-= 9&=&= 94= B7&?.1`= 3.3*= 4+= <-.(-= <.11= '*= )*8(7.'*)= &8= 3*<= 85*(.*8b= 9-*= 89:)>= 4+= &'4:9= 9*3= :3)*8(7.'*)= 85*(.*8= +742= 9-*= P49.,:&7= B&8.3= 3479-*&89*73=B7&?.1b=9-*=,*3*7.(=&114(&9.43=4+=&=)**5=<&9*7=3*<=85*(.*8=+742=A'741-48= '&30= 3479-*&89*73= B7&?.1b= &3)= &= 1&7,*= 7*;.8.43= 43= 9-*= ,*3:8= I3*11&_= T-*8*= 89:).*8= .3).(&9*=9-&9=&9=1*&89=0*=85*(.*8=3**)=94='*=3&2*)=47=7*5479*)=94=B7&?.1_=T-.8=574/*(9=&1*798= +47=9-*=.25479&3(*=4+=9-*=&15-&89&=4342>`=*3&'1.3,=5489*7.47=89:).*8=43=?44,*4,7&5->`= 5->14,*3>= &3)= *(414,>`= <-.(-= (&3= .3(1:)*= 9-*= +**).3,= &884(.&9.43= 4+= 97.5-47.)8= 43= 8543,*8=&3)=9-*=.25479&3(*=4+=(4147=43=97.5-47.)8_
T+2_O+* DECONSTRUCTING=DENDROPOMAa=A=SYSTEMATIC=REVISION=OF=A= WORLD8WIDE=WORM8SNAIL=GROUP=WITH=DESCRIPTION=OF=NEW=GENERA= CAENOGASTROPODAa=VERMETIDAE R48*2&7>=E_=G41).3,+`,`=R3).,*7=B.*1*7+`=T.249->=A_=R&<1.3,8-`=T.249->=M_=C411.38. +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=F.*1)=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=+.**=L&0*=S-47*=D7.;*`=C-.(&,4`= I11.34.8=0*0*/`=USA=7'.*1*7 Q=*1)2:8*:2_47,= ,M&1&(414,>`=A:897&1.&3=M:8*:2`=0=C411*,*=S97**9`=S>)3*>`=NSW=,*+*`=A:897&1.&======748*2&7>_*_,41).3, ,2&.1_(42= -D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=C&5*=B7*943=U3.;*78.9>`=+,/*=G7&3)=L&0*=R4&)`=S>)3*>`= N4;&=S(49.&`=B+P=0L,`=C&3&)&=9.249->7&<1.3,8 (':_(&= .D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=F147.)&=I39*73&9.43&1=U3.;*78.9>`=++,**=SW=29-=S9_`=M.&2.`= F147.)&=--+33`=USA=(411.389 Q=:_*):= I)*39.+>.3,=3&9:7&1=,74:58=<.9-.3=9-*=(&*34,&897454)=+&2.1>=V*72*9.)&*=-&8=574;*3= (-&11*3,.3,_= T-*= 8*88.1*= 1.+*89>1*= 4+= ;*72*9.)8`= <.9-= &884(.&9*)= =*342475-.(&11>8 ).89479*)`= 4;*7,74<3`= &3)= (4774)*)= 8-*118`= -&8= 7*8:19*)= .3= &= 143,= &3)= (43+:8*)= 9&=4342.(= -.8947>= '&8*)= 57.2&7.1>= 43= &):19= 8-*11= (-&7&(9*78_= I3= 9-.8= 89:)>`= <*= :8*= 2475-414,.(&1`=&3&942.(&1`=&3)=241*(:1&7=)&9&=94=(1&7.+>=8>89*2&9.(8=&3)=5->14,*3*9.(= 7*1&9.438-.58=<.9-.3=9-*=,*3:8=D*3)74542&=8_1_=W*=&88*88=,*3*7.(=3&2*8=57*;.4:81>=:8*)= .3=9-*=D*3)74542&=,74:5=+47=&;&.1&'.1.9>_=W*=)*8(7.'*=,+=85*(.*8`=*.,-9=4+=<-.(-=&7*=3*<`= 51&(*=9-*2=.394=+4:7=74':891>=8:55479*)=,*3*7&`=9<4=4+=<-.(-=&7*=3*<=D*3)74542&=8_8_`= N4;&894&`=3*<8,*3:88+`=3*<8,*3:88,`=&3)=)*8(7.'*=9-*=(:77*39=89&9*=4+=034<1*),*= 4+=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=9-*8*=9&=&_=T-*=,*3:8=D*3)74542&=8_8_=.8=<*11=8:55479*)=.3=4:7= 5->14,*3*9.(= &3&1>8.8`= &3)= .8= &)).9.43&11>= 8:55479*)= '>= 7*574):(9.;*= 97&.98= &3)= &= 34;*1= 2.94(-43)7.&1= ,*3*= 47)*7_= T<4= 8:'(1&)*8= <.9-.3= D*3)74542&= 8_8_`= 349= +472&11>= T+2 7*(4,3.?*)=.3=9-.8=89:)>`=&7*=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=(43;*==47=(43(&;*=*=9*7.47=8:7+&(*8=4+=9-*= 45*7(:1:2_=T-*=45*7(:1&=4+=*=&2.3*)=85*(.*8=<.9-.3=9-*=,*3:8=N4;&894&=+*&9:7*=&=<*118 )*;*145*)=2&22.11&=43=9-*=.39*73&1=8:7+&(*=&3)=:57.,-9=9.,-91>=5&(0*)=85.7&1=1&2.3&= 43=9-*=*=9*73&1=8:7+&(*_=T-*=,*3*7&=N4;&894&=&3)=3*<8,*3:88+=+472=&=<*1188:55479*)= 24345->1*9.(=,74:5=<.9-=9-*=,*3:8=D*3)74542&=8_8_`=&19-4:,-=8.89*7=,74:5=7*1&9.438-.58= &243,=9-*8*=,*3*7&=&7*=349=7*841;*)_=T-*=+4:79-=,*3:8`=3*<8,*3:88,`=.8=247*=(148*1>= 7*1&9*)=94=9-*=;*72*9.)=,*3*7&=E:&1*9*8`=T->1&*4):8`=&3)=P*9&14(43(-:8`=)*243897&9.3,= 9-&9=D*3)74542&=8_1_`=.8=349=24345->1*9.(_=T-*=(&1(.Q=*)=45*7(:1:2=4+=3*<8,*3:88,=.8= :3.6:*=.3=9-*=V*72*9.)&*=&3)=*=&2.3*)=85*(.*8=.3=9-.8=,*3:8=&7*=&184=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>= &=97&3814(&9.43=4+=9-*=;&1.3*=2.94(-43)7.&1=9RNA_=F:79-*7=89:)>=<.11=*3(425&88=9-*=+:11= ABSTRACTS -,1
7&3,*=4+=2475-414,.(&1=).;*78.9>=.3=9-*=V*72*9.)&*=94=(1&7.+>=9-*=2&/47=1.3*&,*8=<.9-.3= 9-.8=7*2&70&'1*=+&2.1>=4+=83&.18_
T+2_P+ THE=MOLLUSCAa=A=NEW=REFERENCE W.38943=P43)*7+`=D&;.)=R_=L.3)'*7,, +A:897&1.&3=M:8*:2`=0=C411*,*=S97**9`=S>)3*>`=N*<=S4:9-=W&1*8`=,*+*`=A:897&1.&======<543)*7 '.,543)_3*9_&: ,D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=B.414,>`=M:8*:2=4+=P&1*439414,>`=]=C*39*7=+47=C425:9&9.43&1=B.414,>`= U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&=B*70*1*>`=+**/=V&11*>=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,`=B*70*1*>`=CA=3.1,*8-+.*======)71 '*70*1*>_*): AV=*7=247*=9-&3=+4:7=>*&78=.3=57*5&7&9.43`=&=3*<=2411:8(&3=9*=9=.8=3*&7.3,=(4251*9.43_= T-.8=9*=9=<.11=574;.)*=9-*=Q=789=:5)&9.3,=4+=9-*=,*3*7&1=2411:8(&3=1.9*7&9:7*=.3=+/=>*&78b= &=5*7.4)=4+=5-*342*3&1=&);&3(*2*39=.3=034<1*),*`=&5574&(-*8`=&3)=2*9-4)414,.*8= .3=2&1&(414,>_=E=9*38.;*1>=.11:897&9*)=<.9-=-:3)7*)8=4+=3*<=(414:7=Q=,:7*8=57*5&7*)= 2&.31>='>=J:1.*=P43)*7`=9-.8=9*=9=(4;*78=,*3*7&1='.414,.(&1=945.(8=&8=<*11=&8=2411:8(&3= +488.1= -.8947>`= &3)= .3).;.):&1= 9&=43= 97*&92*398= 4+= 2&/47= ,74:58_= = G*3*7&1= (-&59*78= '7.3,=94,*9-*7=&=).;*78*=&3)=*=9*38.;*=1.9*7&9:7*=94=(4;*7=945.(8=8:(-=&8=2475-414,>`= 5->8.414,>`= .22:3414,>`= (.7(:1&947>= &3)= *=(7*9.43= 8>89*28`= )*;*1452*39`= &3)= 7*574):(9.;*='.414,>_=T&=43=(-&59*78=574;.)*=4;*7;.*<8=4+=5->14,*3>=&3)=(1&88.Q=(&9.43= &8= <*11= &8= 247*= 85*(.Q=(= &3)= )*9&.1*)= (4;*7&,*= 4+= '.414,>`=+488.1= 7*(47)`= &3)= 3&9:7&1= -.8947>_== I3).;.):&1= (-&59*78= &7*= &184= )*;49*)= 94= 3&9:7&1= -.8947>= .3(1:).3,= *(414,>`= -:2&3=.39*7&(9.438`=&3)=(:77*39=7*8*&7(-=945.(8_=P->14,*3*9.(=97**8=&7*=.3(47547&9*)= .394= 2&3>= 4+= 9-*= .11:897&9.438= <-*7*= 9-*>= &7*= .3+472&9.;*= &3)= 574;.)*= *;41:9.43&7>= 8(*3&7.48=+47=97&.98=&3)=9&=&_=F:3(9.43&1=,74:58=&3)=,:.1)8=&7*=&184=97*&9*)=<-*7*=9-*>= 574;.)*= &= '*=*7= *397**= .394= 9-*= 8:'/*(9_= W-.1*= 34= 8.3,1*= ;41:2*= (&3= 97:1>= (4;*7= 9-*= *=9*38.;*= )*59-= &3)= '7*&)9-= 4+= 9-*= 2411:8(&3= 1.9*7&9:7*`= 9-*= 9*=9= .8= -*&;.1>= (7488*)= 7*+*7*3(*)=94=8*;*7&1=9-4:8&3)=5:'1.(&9.438_=W*=*=5*(9=5:'1.(&9.43=.3=1&9*=,*+.=47=*&71>= ,*+/_
T+2_P, OPENING=BIODIVERSITY=DATAa=DATA=PAPERS=AS=INCENTIVE=FOR= RESEARCHERS=AND=INSTITUTIONS L>:'42.7=P*3*;+`,`=V.8-<&8=C-&;&3-`=T*4)47=G*47,.*;,`=P&;*1=S94*;,`. +I389.9:9*=+47=B.4).;*78.9>=&3)=E(48>89*2=R*8*&7(-`=S4Q=&`=B:1,&7.&=.3+4 5*384V=_3*9= ,P*384V==P:'1.8-*78`=S4Q=&`=B:1,&7.&=574/*(98 5*384V=_3*9 -GBIF=S*(7*9&7.&9`=C45*3-&,*3=D*32&70=;(-&;&3 ,'.+_47,= T+2 .N&9.43&1=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=S4Q=&`=B:1,&7.& A=D&9&=P&5*7=.8=&=8(-41&71>=5:'1.(&9.43=<-48*=57.2&7>=5:7548*=.8=94=)*8(7.'*=&=)&9&`= 7&9-*7=9-&3=94=7*5479=&=7*8*&7(-=.3;*89.,&9.43_=A8=8:(-`=.9=(439&.38=+&(98=&'4:9=)&9&`=349= ->549-*8*8=47=7*8:198='&8*)=:543=)&9&_=D&9&=P&5*78=&7*=)*8.,3*)=94=+=574;.)*=&=(.9&'1*= /4:73&1=5:'1.(&9.43=9-&9='7.3,8=8(-41&71>=(7*).9=94=)&9&=5:'1.8-*78b=,=)*8(7.'*=9-*=)&9&= .3=&=897:(9:7*)=-:2&387*&)&'1*=+472b=-='7.3,=9-*=*=.89*3(*=4+=9-*=)&9&=94=9-*=&99*39.43= 4+=9-*=8(-41&71>=(422:3.9>_ T-*=)*8(7.59.43=8-4:1)=.3(1:)*=8*;*7&1=.25479&39=*1*2*398=:8:&11>=(&11*)=2*9&)&9&`=9-&9= )4(:2*39=-4<=9-*=)&9&8*9=<&8=(411*(9*)`=<-.(-=9&=&=.9=(4;*78`=9-*=85&9.&1=&3)=9*2547&1= -,2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
7&3,*8=4+=9-*=)&9&`=.3+472&9.43=43=)&9&=(411*(9478=&3)=4<3*78`=84+9<&7*=:8*)=94=(7*&9*=47= ;.*<=9-*=)&9&`=*9(_=T-*=2*9&)&9&=(&3='*=:8*)=94=+472=&=)&9&=5&5*7=2&3:8(7.59_ A3=.25479&39=+*&9:7*=4+=D&9&=P&5*78=.8=9-&9=9-*>=8-4:1)=&1<&>8='*=1.30*)=94=9-*=)&9&=9-*>= )*8(7.'*=9-74:,-=&3=URL`=.)*&11>=7*841;.3,=&=DOI_=C43;*78*1>`=9-*=2*9&)&9&=)*8(7.'.3,= 9-*= )&9&8*9= -*1)= <.9-.3= )&9&= &7(-.;*8= 8-4:1)= .3(1:)*= 9-*= '.'1.4,7&5-.(= )*9&.18= 4+= 9-*= D&9&=P&5*7=43(*=9-&9=.8=5:'1.8-*)_= A9=9-*=9.2*=4+=8:'2.88.43=4+=9-*=D&9&=P&5*7=2&3:8(7.59`=9-*=)&9&=)*8(7.'*)=8-4:1)='*= +7**1>=&;&.1&'1*=431.3*=.3=&=5:'1.(=7*548.947>=:3)*7=&=8:.9&'1*=)&9&=1.(*38*`=84=9-&9=9-*>= (&3='*=7*97.*;*)=+47=7*:8*`=7*8&251.3,=&3)=7*).897.':9.43='>=&3>43*=+47=&3>=5:7548*`= 8:'/*(9=94=43*=(43).9.43=&9=2489=8=9-&9=4+=5745*7=&997.':9.43=:8.3,=8(-41&71>=34728_ GBIF= &3)= P*384V== 5.43**7*)= &= <470R=4<= '*9<**3= 9-*= GBIF8= I39*,7&9*)= P:'1.8-.3,= T4410.9= IPT= &3)= 9-*= /4:73&18= Z44K*>8`= P->94K*>8= &3)= M>(4K*>8= 94= &:942&9.(&11>= *=5479=2*9&)&9&=.394=9-*=+472=4+=&=)&9&=5&5*7=2&3:8(7.59_=R*(*391>`=P*384+9=1&:3(-*)=&= 3*<=B.4).;*78.9>=D&9&=J4:73&1=&143,=<.9-=&3=&79.(1*=&:9-47.3,=51&9+472=(&11*)=P*384V== W7.9.3,=T441=PWT_=T-*=<470R=4<=<&8=5.149*)=<.9-.3=9-*=EU8+:3)*)=574/*(98=V.BRANT= &3)=EU=BON_
T+2_P- MOLLUSCA=IN=THE=CATALOGUE=OF=LIFEa= TOWARDS=A=GLOBAL=CHECKLIST T-42&8=K:3?* C&9&14,:*=4+=L.+*=:=..L.+*`=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=H&7'473*=B:.1).3,`=T-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=R*&).3,`= R*&).3,=RG0=0AS`=UK=9_0:3?* 7*&).3,_&(_:0 M411:8(&= 7*57*8*398= 43*= 4+= 9-*= 2&/47= ,&5= &7*&8= .3= 9-*= C&9&14,:*= 4+= L.+*= C4L_= T-*= 4;*7&11=(4251*9*3*88=85*(.*8=.3=9-*=C4L2*89.2&9*)=85*(.*8=3:2'*7=4+=9-*=*39.7*=C4L=.8= &74:3)=1*_=T-*=3:2'*7=4+=*89.2&9*)=1.;.3,=85*(.*8=.3=M411:8(&=7&3,*8=+742=&74:3)= 2/`***= 94= +/*`***= -*3(*= 9-*= (4251*9*3*88= .3= 9-*= C4L= 2.,-9= 7&3,*= +742= .3= 94= 431>= ,2_= E85*(.&11>= 1&7,*= 9&=&= <.9-= 2&7.3*`= +7*8-<&9*7= &3)= 9*77*897.&1= 85*(.*8`= 1.0*= 9-*= (1&88=G&897454)&`=-&;*=34=G14'&1=S5*(.*8=D&9&'&8*8=GSD8=>*9=&3)=(438*6:*391>=&7*= *=97*2*1>=:3)*77*57*8*39*)=.3=9-*=C4L_= T-*=897.(9=2&7.3*=(1&88*8=C&:)4+4;*&9&`=C*5-&1454)&`=M43451&(45-47&`=P41>51&(45-47&`= S(&5-454)&=&3)=S41*34,&897*8=94,*9-*7=,`/1+=85*(.*8=&7*=574;.)*)='>=W471)=R*,.89*7= 4+= M&7.3*= S5*(.*8= W4RMS= 94= 9-*= C4L_= F47= 9-*= 49-*7= 9<4= ,74:58`= B.;&1.;&= &3)= G&897454)&`=9-*=3*<=574(*):7*=P7494GSD=<&8=&551.*)=.3=..L.+*=574/*(9=EC8FP18..L.+*8 574/*(98,0+///_=T-.8='7.3,8=)&9&=+742=).S=*7*39=9-*2&9.(=)&9&'&8*8=W4RMS=4+=2&7.3*= 85*(.*8`=FADA=4+=+7*8-<&9*7='.;&1;*8=&3)=M411:8(&FW=4+=+7*8-<&9*7=,&897454)8=&3)= 7*,.43&1=)&9&'&8*8=5:1243&9*8=+742=A:897&1.&=:=AFD=P:1243&9&=&3)=N*<=Z*&1&3)=:= T+2 NZIB=94,*9-*7_=T-*=2*7,.3,=<&8=349=)43*=&:942&9.(&11>=):*=94=9&=4342.(=(43R=.(98_= T-*=W4RMS=9&=4342>=<&8=9&0*3=&8=&=2&89*7=(1&88.Q=(&9.43=&3)=)&9&=+742=9-*=49-*7= 574;.)*78=<*7*=&))*)_=T-*=3:2'*7=4+=2411:8(&3=85*(.*8=.3=9-*=C4L=(4:1)='*=9-*7*+47*= +:3)&2*39&11>=7&.8*)=+742=+.`,11=85*(.*8=.3=AC=,*+,=94=.+`0//=.3=9-*=AC=,*+-=&3)=.98= (4251*9*3*88=<&8=&12489=97.51*)=34<=&5574=_=.,='>=+**`***=85*(.*8=*89.2&9*)_=A8= C4L=431>=.3(1:)*8=9-*='&8.(=7&308=P->1:2`=C1&88`=O7)*7`=S:5*7+&2.1>`=F&2.1>`=G*3:8= &3)=S5*(.*8=.3=&=8.251.Q=*)=2&3&,*2*39=(1&88.Q=(&9.43=842*=&)/:892*398=<*7*=3**)*)= 94=.39*,7&9*=9-*=2:19.51*=.39*72*).&9*=7&308=*_=,_=S:'(1&88`=I3+7&(1&88`=S:'47)*7=<.)*1>= :8*)=.3=2411:8(&3=(1&88.Q=(&9.43_ ABSTRACTS -,3
P7494GSD=.8=&3=*S=*(9.;*=574(*):7*=94=574;.)*=)&9&=<.9-=,14'&1=(4;*7&,*=:39.1=GSD8= &7*= &;&.1&'1*_= H4<*;*7`= G&897454)&= &7*= *=97*2*1>= :3)*77*57*8*39*)= .3= 9-*= C4L= &3)= *85*(.&11>=1&3)=,&897454)8=3**)=+:79-*7=.2574;*2*398_
T+2_P. DATABASING=EFFORTS=WITHIN=THE=DEPARTMENT=OF=MALACOLOGY=AT= THE=MUSEUM=OF=COMPARATIVE=ZOOLOGY=HARVARD=UNIVERSITY A)&2=J_=B&1).3,*7 D*5&792*39=4+=M&1&(414,>`=M:8*:2=4+=C425&7&9.;*=Z4414,>`=H&7;&7)=U3.;*78.9>`=,0=O=+47)=S97**9`= C&2'7.),*`=M&88&(-:8*=8`=*,+-2=USA=&'&1).3,*7 4*'_-&7;&7)_*): I3=+2/3`=L4:.8=A,&88.?=+4:3)*)=9-*=M:8*:2=4+=C425&7&9.;*=Z4414,>=MCZ=&9=H&7;&7)= U3.;*78.9>_=T-*=*39-:8.&89.(=4;*78.,-9=4+=5&89=(:7&9478=3&2*1>=J4-3=G_=A39-43>`=W.11.&2= J_=C1*3(-`=R:9-=D_=T:73*7=&3)=K*33*9-=J_=B488=*3&'1*)=9-*=D*5&792*39=4+=M&1&(414,>= &9=9-*=MCZ=94=)*;*145=43*=9-*=1&7,*89=&3)=2489=).;*78*=(411*(9.438=.3=9-*=<471)_==T-*= (411*(9.43=.8=7.(-=.3=9>5*8`=&3)=(:77*391>=.3(1:)*8=4;*7=-11`***=(&9&14,*)=1498=&3)=&9=1*&89= &349-*7=+/*`***=:3(&9&14,*)=1498_=O;*7&11=897*3,9-8=4+=9-*=(411*(9.438=.3(1:)*=<*89*73= A91&39.(= 85*(.*8`= N479-= A2*7.(&3= U3.43.)&*= &3)= P1*:74(*7.)&*`= )**588*&= 2411:808`= T*7*).3.)&*`=A(-&9.3*11.)&*=&3)=49-*7=5:1243&9*=,74:58_ A884(.&9*)=85*(.2*3=)&9&=+47=&11=(&9&14,*)=1498=-&8='**3=(&59:7*)=.3=4:7=M:8*:2=<.)*= )&9&'&8*= MCZ'&8*_= O:7= )&9&= .8= +:11>= 8*&7(-&'1*= -=5a222(?'&8*_2(?_-&7;&7)_*):2 S5*(.2*3S*&7(-_(+2=&3)=.8=(425&9.'1*=<.9-=43,4.3,=*S=4798=4+=49-*7=*=9*73&1=8-&7*)= )&9&'&8*8=._*_=EOL`=GBIF`=BISON_=A)).9.43&11>`=MCZ'&8*=574;.)*8=&=2*&38=94=.11:897&9*= 85*(.*8=).897.':9.43=2&58`=85*(.2*3=.2&,*8`=1.9*7&9:7*=&3)=).7*(9=1.308=94=-.8947.(&1=)&9&= <7.=*3=.3=4:7=85*(.2*3=1*),*78_=T-*=:8*8=4+=MCZ'&8*=&7*=-.,-1.,-9*)=.3=9-.8=5489*7_
T+2_P/
THE=VOYAGE=OF=LA=BONITE`=+2-08+2-1 +_=THE=DRY=MATERIAL=AT=THE=NATURAL=HISTORY=MUSEUM`=LONDON A3)7*.&=S&1;&)47 C:7&947=4+=M&7.3*=M411:8(&`=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2`=D*5&792*39=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=C742<*11=R4&)`= L43)43=SW1=/BD=UK=&_8&1;&)47 3-2_&(_:0 I3=+2/.`=.,2=85*(.2*38=(411*(9*)=):7.3,=9-*=(.7(:23&;.,&9.43=4+=9-*=(47;*=*=L&=B43.9*`= +2-08+2-1`=<*7*=)43&9*)=94=9-*=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2=.3=L43)43_ I3=J&3:&7>=,*+,=I='*,&3=9-*=(:7&9.43=4+=2/=)7>=1498=4+=9-.8=-.8947.(&11>=.25479&39=(411*(9.43= <-.(-= 3**)*)= 7*2*).&1= (438*7;&9.43`= (4257*-*38.;*= 1&'*1.3,= &3)= &3349&9.43= &8= 9-*= T+2 2&9*7.&1=<&8=(.9*)=.3=2&3>=7*1*;&39=/4:73&18=&3)='4408_=A8=&=7*8:19=&=1&7,*=3:2'*7=4+= 9>5*=85*(.2*38=-&;*='**3=.)*39.Q=*)=&3)=<*7*=.3(47547&9*)=.394=9-*=9>5*=(411*(9.43_= --* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+2_P0 MOLLUSCA=SECTION=IN=NATIONAL=MUSEUM=OF=WALES A33&=M_=H412*8 M411:8(&=S*(9.43`=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=W&1*8`=C&9-&>8=P&70`=C&7).S==CF+*=-NP======A33&_H412*8 2:8*:2<&1*8_&(_:0 T-*= M411:8(&= S*(9.43= .3= 9-*= N&9.43&1= M:8*:2= 4+= W&1*8= (4;*78= &= <.)*= 7&3,*= 4+= 9&=4342.(= 7*8*&7(-= .3= 1&3)`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
T+2_P1 A=PRELIMINARY=ASSESSMENT=OF=THE=FRESHWATER=MUSSEL=RESOURCES= IN=NATURAL=HISTORY=MUSEUMS A79-:7=E_=B4,&3`=J&2.*=M_=S2.9- N479-=C&741.3&=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=++=W*89=J43*8=S9_`=R&1*.,-`=NC=,10*+======&79-:7_'4,&3 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_47,`=/&2.*_82.9- 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_47, N&9:7&1= -.8947>= 2:8*:28= &74:3)= 9-*= <471)= 4V=*3= (439&.3= (411*(9.438= 4+= +7*8-<&9*7= '.;&1;*8=4+=9-*=47)*7=U3.434.)&`=*3(425&88.3,=0=+&2.1.*8_=T-*8*=7*84:7(*8=;&7>=<.9-=9-*= +4(:8`=&,*=4+=9-*=2:8*:2=&3)=.98=,*4,7&5-.(&1=14(&9.43_=M&3>=&7*=(42548*)=57.2&7.1>= 4+=)7>=8-*118b=842*=-&;*=&=82&11=&24:39=4+=&1(4-41=57*8*7;*)=85*(.2*38`=(4257.8*)= 24891>= 4+= 14(&1= 85*(.*8_= T-*8*= 8&2*= (411*(9.438= 2&>= -41)= 57.2&7>= 9>5*= 85*(.2*38`= 4V=*3= :32&70*)= &8= 9>5*8_= M489= (411*(9.438= &7*= (42548*)= 4+= 85*(.2*38= (411*(9*)= '>= &2&9*:78= &8= <*11= &8= 5742.3*39= 2&1&(414,.898_= S42*= 2:8*:28= -&;*= ).,.9.?*)= 9-*.7= (411*(9.438= 84= 9-*= (439*398= 4+= 9-*= (411*(9.438= &3)= 9>5*= -41).3,8= &7*= &;&.1&'1*= 43=9-*=W471)=W.)*=W*'_=U3.;*78.9>=2:8*:28`=14(&1=2:8*:28=&8=<*11=&8=842*=1&7,*= 2:8*:28=-&;*=(411*(9.438=9-&9=&7*=:3).,.9.?*)=&3)=:37*5479*)_=T4)&>=<.9-=9-*=7&5.)= )*(1.3*=.3=2&3>=&6:&9.(=85*(.*8`=-.8947.(&1=85*(.2*38=&3)=14(&1.9>=)&9&=&7*=;&1:&'1*=+47= (438*7;&9.43=&3)=:3)*789&3).3,=9-*=+472*7=7&3,*8=4+=9-*8*=7&7*`=*3)&3,*7*)=47=*=9.3(9= 9&=&_=H&;.3,=&((*88=94=,*47*+*7*3(*)=85*(.2*3=4((:77*3(*=)&9&=&114<8=7*8*&7(-*78=94= T+2 &))7*88=.25479&39=8(.*39.Q=(=&3)=84(.*9&1=6:*89.438=.3=&7*&8=8:(-=&8=*3)&3,*7*)=85*(.*8= (438*7;&9.43`=*3;.7432*39&1=7*8947&9.43`=85*(.*8=-&'.9&9=7*1&9.438-.58=&3)=)4(:2*39.3,= ,14'&1=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*_=T-.8=5489*7=.8=&=57*1.2.3&7>=(425.1&9.43=4+=:3.434.)=2:8*:2= )&9&_=T-*8*=)&9&=<.11=&88.89=.3=14(&9.3,=85*(.2*38=&3)=9>5*8=47=(411*(9.438=9-&9=<.11='*= :8*+:1= .3a= 9&=4342.(= &3)= 5->14,*3*9.(= 7*8*&7(-`= (438*7;&9.43`= -.8947>= 4+= 8(.*3(*= &3)= (43;.3(.3,= +:3).3,= &,*3(.*8= 9-&9= 24)*73= 85*(.2*3= 7*84:7(*8= +47= 9-*= 89:)>= 4+= 9-*8*= &3.2&18=&7*=349=(:77*391>=&;&.1&'1*=.3=2:8*:28=94)&>_ ABSTRACTS --+
T+2_P2 HAWAIIAN=LAND=SNAIL=BIODIVERSITYa=SYSTEMATICS`=PHYLOGENETICS= AND=CONSERVATION=STATUS=OF=A=VANISHING=FAUNA N47.3*=W_=Y*:3,+`,`=K*11*>=L*:3,+`-`=D**3&=A_=G&7>+`.`=D>1&3=T_B_=R*881*7+`.`= R4'*79=H_=C4<.*+`=K*33*9-=A_=H&>*8+`,`- +C*39*7=+47=C438*7;&9.43`=R*8*&7(-=&3)=T7&.3.3,=:=P&(.Q=(=B.48(.*3(*8=R*8*&7(-=C*39*7=:=U3.;*78.9>=4+= H&<&..`=-*/*=M&.1*=W&>`=G.1247*=.*2`=H4341:1:`=H&<&..`=302,,`=USA=3>*:3, -&<&.._*):`======0*11*>1* -&<&.._*):`=)&,*3& -&<&.._*):`=7*881*7) -&<&.._*):`=(4<.* -&<&.._*):`======0-&>*8 -&<&.._*): ,S2.9-843.&3=I389.9:9.43`=N&9.43&1=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=W&8-.3,943`=DC`=USA -E3942414,>=G7&):&9*=P74,7&2`=P1&39=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=P749*(9.43=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H&<&..`= -*/*=M&.1*=W&>`=G.1247*=-+*`=H4341:1:`=H&<&..`=302,,`=USA .D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H&<&..`=,/.*=C&25:8=R4&)`=D*&3=H&11=,`=H4341:1:`=H&<&..`= 302,,`=USA A19-4:,-= .81&3)8= (4257.8*= 431>= /= 4+= 9-*= *&79-8=1&3)2&88`= 9-*= 89:)>= 4+= 9-*.7= '.49&= -&8= '**3= &3)= 7*2&.38= (7.9.(&1= 94= 9-*= )*;*1452*39= 4+= 2&/47= 9-*47.*8= .3= *(414,>= &3)= *;41:9.43_= T-*= H&<&..&3= &7(-.5*1&,4= 8*7;*8= &8= &= 57.2*= *=&251*_= O+= 9-*= .81&3)8= 3:2*74:8=85*(9&(:1&7=7&).&9.438`=43*=.3=5&79.(:1&7=-&8=*34724:8=549*39.&1=94=.3+472=4:7= :3)*789&3).3,=4+=85*(.&9.43`=.81&3)='.4,*4,7&5->=&3)=*;41:9.43&7>=*(414,>a=H&<&..&3= 1&3)=83&.18_=A8=+*<=&8=,+=(4143.898=+742=+*=+&2.1.*8=-&;*=7*8:19*)=.3=&3=*89.2&9*)=1/,8+.0+= H&<&..&3=1&3)=83&.1=85*(.*8_=T-*>=*=-.'.9=&3=*=(*59.43&1=)*,7**=4+=*3)*2.(.9>=133`= <.9-=2&3>=8.3,1*=.81&3)=47=*;*3=8.3,1*=7.),*=*3)*2.(8_=U3+479:3&9*1>`=1.0*=1&3)=83&.18= ,14'&11>`=9-*>=&7*=;&3.8-.3,=+&89*7=9-&3=<*=(&3=89:)>=9-*2=):*=94=-&'.9&9=1488`=.3;&8.;*= 85*(.*8`= &3)= (1.2&9*= (-&3,*_=A3= *89.2&9*)= /*83*= 2&>= &17*&)>= '*= *=9.3(9`= ':9= 9-*.7= 7*&1=(438*7;&9.43=89&9:8=.8=:3034<3='*(&:8*=2489=-&;*=349='**3=89:).*)=.3=&3>=)*9&.1= +47=4;*7=0*=>*&78_=I3=47)*7=94=&))7*88=9-.8=1&(0=4+=034<1*),*=4:7=H&<&..&3=L&3)=S3&.1= B.4).;*78.9>=574/*(9=&.28=94=(4257*-*38.;*1>=:5)&9*=9-*=9&=4342.(=&3)=(438*7;&9.43= 89&9:8= +47= &11= H&<&..&3= 1&3)= 83&.1= +&2.1.*8= :8.3,= &3= .39*,7&9.;*= 8>89*2&9.(= &5574&(-`= (42'.3.3,= Q=*1)= 8:7;*>8`= 5->14,*3*9.(8`= &3&942.(&1= )*8(7.59.438= &3)= '.4,*4,7&5-.(= &3&1>8.8_= O:7= 57.2&7>= ,4&18= .3(1:)*a= += (4251*9.3,= &= (4257*-*38.;*= &3)= 8>89*2&9.(= 8:7;*>= 4+= 9-*= 7*2&.3.3,= H&<&..&3= 1&3)= 83&.1= +&:3&`= ,= )*;*145.3,= (4257*-*38.;*= 5->14,*3*9.(= ->549-*8*8= +47= &11= H&<&..&3= 1&3)= 83&.1= 85*(.*8= :8.3,= 2&9*7.&1= +742= 9-*= 8:7;*>8= .3= ,4&1= += &3)= *=9*38.;*= 2:8*:2= 2&9*7.&1`= &3)= -= (4251*9*1>= :5)&9.3,= 9-*= 9&=4342.(= +7&2*<470= 4+= H&<&..&3= 1&3)= 83&.18= &3)= )*8(7.'*27*)*8(7.'*= 9&=&= &8= 3*(*88&7>_=T-.8=<470=.8=:3)*7<&>=&3)=<*=-&;*=&17*&)>=(4251*9*)=.-+=8:7;*>8=&(7488= 9-*=2&.3=H&<&..&3=I81&3)8`=7*(47).3,=,/0..=85*(.2*38=+742=133=3&9.;*=85*(.*8`=2&3>= 9-&9=<*7*=9-4:,-9=*=9.3(9_=C438.)*7&'1*=574,7*88=-&8='**3=2&)*=.3=9-*=5->14,*3*9.(= 7*(43897:(9.438=+47=8*;*7&1=+&2.1.*8=349&'1>`=A(-&9.3*11.)&*`=A2&897.)&*`=H*1.(.3.)&*`= &3)=H*1.(&7.43.)&*`=7*;*&1.3,=-.,-=1*;*18=4+=(7>59.(=).;*78.9>_ T+2 --, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+2_P3 DISTRIBUTION=PATTERNS=OF=MANGROVE=GASTROPODS= FROM=THE=INDO8WEST=PACIFIC T7.(.&=G4:1).3, U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&=&9=M*7(*)`=/,**=N479-=L&0*=R4&)`=M*7(*)`=CA=30-.*`=USA D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=P*338>1;&3.&=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=,*2=M:*11*7=L&'47&947>`=U3.;*78.9>=P&70`= PA=+02*,`=USA=9(_,4:1).3, ,2&.1_(42 B.4,*4,7&5-.(=89:).*8=43=(47&1=7**+8=.3=9-*=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(=-&;*=7*;*&1*)=.39*7*89.3,= 5&=*738`=*85*(.&11>=9-*=*=.89*3(*=4+=&=C47&1=T7.&3,1*`=-489.3,=9-*=-.,-*89=).;*78.9>=.3= 9-*=7*,.43_=M&3,74;*8=.3=9-*=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(=&184=5488*88=-.,-=2&7.3*='.4).;*78.9>`= ':9=9-*=&3.2&1=).;*78.9>=<.9-.3=9-48*=(4&89&1=+47*898=-&8='**3=54471>=*=5147*)=&3)=2489= .3;*79*'7&9*=2&3,74;*=9&=&=&<&.9=9&=4342.(=7*;.8.43_=H4<*;*7`=9&=4342.(=034<1*),*= .8=*88*39.&1=94=5745*71>=&))7*88=6:*89.438=.3=2&3>=49-*7=&7*&8`=8:(-=&8=(438*7;&9.43`= *;41:9.43&7>='.414,>`=&3)='.4,*4,7&5->_=O:7=1&'=-&8=:3)*79&0*3=*=9*38.;*=Q=*1)<470=.3= 9-*=2&3,74;*8=4+=9-*=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(`=5&79.(:1&71>=S4:9-8E&89=A8.&_=A11=,&897454)=9&=&= &7*=(411*(9*)=&3)=85*(.*8=&7*='*.3,=)*1.3*&9*)=:8.3,=2475-414,>=&3)=DNA=8*6:*3(*8_= M&3>=,74:58=4+=,&897454)8=&7*=+4:3)=.3=2&3,74;*8`=':9=9-*=2489=).;*78*=&7*='>=+&7= 9-*=43(-.)..)=81:,8=&3)=*114'..)=83&.18_=S42*=.39*7*89.3,=,*4,7&5-.(=5&=*738=9-&9=<*= -&;*='*,:3=94=8**=<.11='*=57*8*39*)`='&8*)=43=57*1.2.3&7>=)&9&=+742=I3).&`=S.3,&547*`= M&1&>8.&`= S:2&97&`= B473*4`= N479-*73= T*77.947>= &3)= N*<= S4:9-= W&1*8= A:897&1.&_= A)).9.43&1= Q=*1)<470= .8= 51&33*)= .3= 49-*7= 5&798= 4+= 9-*= I3)48W*89= P&(.Q=(`= <-.(-= <.11= &114<= :8= 94= 247*= &((:7&9*1>= )*9*72.3*= 85*(.*8= ).;*78.9>= &3)= 5&=*738= 4+= ,*4,7&5-.(= ).897.':9.43_=O3=&=143,*7=9*72`=<*=&7*=.39*7*89*)=.3=(425&7.3,=5&=*738=4+=).;*78.9>=&3)= ).897.':9.43=&(7488=,&897454)=9&=&=47='*9<**3=3*.,-'47.3,=2&3,74;*8=&3)=(47&1=7**+8_=
T+2_P+*
HOW=MANY=LITTORAL=MARINE=MOLLUSCS=ARE=THERE=IN=THE=AZORES S&3)7&=C@72*3=S_M_=M439*.74+`=A3)7*&=Z.9&=B49*1-4+`=P&:14=V_=B47,*8,`= A3&=C7.89.3&=C489&+ +CIBIO=:=P14=AO47*8`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=SD4=M.,:*1`=AO47*8`=P479:,&1= 82439*.74 :&(_59`=&'49*1-4 :&(_59`=&((489& :&(_59 ,A?47*&3=B.4).;*78.9>=G74:5=CITA8A=&3)=P479:,:*8*=P1&9+472=+47=E3-&3(.3,=E(414,.(&1=R*8*&7(-=]= S:89&.3&'.1.9>=PEERS`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=A?47*8`=A3,7&=)4=H*74c824`=P479:,&1 T-*=2&/47.9>=4+=4:7=034<1*),*=4+=2&7.3*='.4).;*78.9>=.8=)*7.;*)=+742=)&9&=(411*(9.438=.3= T+2 2:8*:28=&3)=:3.;*78.9.*8=&3)=&184=+742=8(.*39.Q=(=5:'1.(&9.43=47=7*8*&7(-=7*54798_=T-*= ATLANTIS=)&9&'&8*=.8=43*=4+=9-*=2&3>=)&9&'&8*8=9-&9=(425.1*=.25479&39=.3+472&9.43= &'4:9=85*(.*8=4((:77*3(*8=&114<.3,=&=)*8(7.59.;*=&3&1>8.8=4+=85*(.*8=).897.':9.438=.3=9-*= &7(-.5*1&,4=4+=9-*=A?47*8_=I9=*3(425&88*8=&=1&7,*=8:'8*9=4+=9&=4342.(=,74:58`=.3(1:).3,= 9*77*897.&1=1.(-*38`='7>45->9*8`=;&8(:1&7=51&398`=2411:8(8`=&79-7454)8`=;*79*'7&9*8=&3)= (4&89&1=.3;*79*'7&9*8_=F742=&=949&1=4+=+./2,/=2&7.3*=54.39=4((:77*3(*8`=&=949&1=4+=20.= 85*(.*8=4+=(4&89&1=2&7.3*=.3;*79*'7&9*8=&3)=+32=85*(.*8=4+=&1,&*=&7*=7*5479*)=94='*=57*8*39= .3=9-*=A?47*&3=&7(-.5*1&,4_=T-.8=)&9&'&8*=(4257.8*8=20.=(4&89&1=2&7.3*=.3;*79*'7&9*8= <.9-=).897.':9.43&1=)&9&=43=&=/**=2*9*78=,7.)_=T&=4342>`=,*487*+*7*3(*)=).897.':9.43= )&9&`= 85*(.*8= )*8(7.59.43`= (438*7;&9.43= 89&9:8= &7*= 842*= 4+= 9-*= &;&.1&'1*= .3+472&9.43= ABSTRACTS ---
<.9-.3=9-*=)&9&'&8*=9-&9=<&8=7*97.*;*)=+742=5:'1.8-*)=8(.*39.Q=(=1.9*7&9:7*=)&9.3,='&(0= 94=+2/2_=O3*=-:3)7*)=&3)=8*;*39>=8.==5:'1.(&9.438=<*7*=(&7*+:11>=8(7**3*)=+47=7*(47)8= 43=2&7.3*=.3;*79*'7&9*=85*(.*8=&3)=)&9&=43=(411*(9.43=8.9*8=<&8=.3(1:)*)=.3=9-*=)&9&'&8*_= C4&89&1=&3)=2&7.3*=85*(.*8=3:2'*7=.8=89.11=:3)*7*89.2&9*)=.3=9-*=A?47*8_=H4<*;*7`=&= 2&/47=*S=479=<&8=2&)*=94=7*;*&1=&='&8*1.3*=9&=4342.(=)&9&8*9=&3)=2&7.3*=47,&3.828= 5*7+472=&'4:9=,-=4+=9-*=A?47*&3=7*,.89*7*)='.4).;*78.9>`=<-*7*=9-*=M411:8(8=&7*=9-*= 2489= 7*57*8*39&9.;*= P->1:2= .._*= 4+= 2&7.3*= .3;*79*'7&9*8_= A;&.1&'1*= .3+472&9.43= &114<8=(&1(:1&9.3,=9-*=85*(.*8=7.(-3*88`=7&7.9>=47=(4251*2*39&7.9>`=&3)=2&7.3*=1.=47&1= 2411:8(8=).;*78.9>=85*(.Q=(=7.(-3*88=.8=&3&1>?*)=9-74:,-4:9=9-*=&7(-.5*1&,4`=.3=7*1&9.43= 94=9-*=&24:39=4+=5:'1.(&9.438=&3)=94=9-*=*;41:9.43=4+=2&7.3*='.4).;*78.9>=7*8*&7(-=.3= 9-*=A?47*8_=I3=+&(9`=9-*=034<1*),*=43=2&7.3*=2&1&(414,.(&1='.4).;*78.9>=2&9(-*8=9-*= *;41:9.43=4+=7*8*&7(-=&8=3:2'*7=4+=5:'1.(&9.438=43=9-*=.88:*=.3(7*&8*)=4;*7=9.2*`=<.9-= &3=&;*7&,*=4+=+_2=5:'1.(&9.438=5*7=>*&7=:39.1=+323=&3)=&3=&;*7&,*=4+=3_-='*9<**3=+33*= &3)=,*+*_=T-*=.3(7*&8.3,=3:2'*7=4+=5:'1.(&9.438=.3=9-*=1&89=9<4=)*(&)*8=7*8:19*)=2&.31>= +742=9-*=*89&'1.8-2*39=4+=&=14(&1=8(.*39.Q=(=(422:3.9>=.3=9-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=9-*=A?47*8`= 5*7+472.3,= 7*8*&7(-= .3= M&1&(414,>= &3)= 47,&3.?.3,= 9-*= 8(.*39.Q=(= *=5*).9.438= &3)= W4708-458=4+=M&1&(414,>`=47,&3.?*)='>=9-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=A?47*8_=I3=9*728=4+=85&9.&1= 2411:8(&3= '.4).;*78.9>= 5&=*73= .3= 9-*= &7(-.5*1&,4`= SD4= M.,:*1= .8= 9-*= .81&3)= <.9-= 9-*= -.,-*89= 2411:8(&3= 85*(.*8= 7.(-3*88= 7*(47)*)= <.9-= &= 949&1= 4+= ,2+= 85*(.*8`= +4114<*)= '>= F&.&1=<.9-=+01=1*88=9-&3=.+=4+=9-*=7*5479*)=85*(.*8=3:2'*7=+47=SD4=M.,:*1_=H4<*;*7`= 8&251.3,=*S=479=7*,&7).3,=9-.8=9&=4342.(=,74:5=.8=349=9-*=8&2*=&9=&11=A?47*&3=.81&3)8`= &8= SD4= M.,:*1= &3)= F&.&1= &7*= &184= )*= .81&3)8= <-*7*= 2489= 2&7.3*= 7*8*&7(-= -&8= '**3= +4(:8*)`=7*R=*(9*)='>=&=-.,-*7=3:2'*7=4+=8(.*39.Q=(=5&5*78=.3=9-*=)&9&'&8*_=T-*7*+47*`= -.,-*7=7*8*&7(-=*S=479=8-4:1)=+4(:8=.3=49-*7=&7*&8=4+=9-*=&7(-.5*1&,4='*+47*=&3=.3;*3947>= (148*7=94=(4251*9.43=(4:1)='*=&=&.3*)_=
T+2_P++
CURRENT=RESEARCH=ON=SHELLFISH=WITH=THE=IBIS=PROJECT E1.?&'*9-=C1&7*=A8-943+`=J:1.&=S.,<&79+`=D&.=R4'*798, +Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=M&7.3*=L&'47&947>`=+,8+-=T-*=S97&3)`=P479&+*77>`=C4_=D4<3`= BT,,=+PF=N479-*73=I7*1&3)=*_&8-943 6:'_&(_:0 ,Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=L.8':73=R4&)`=B*1+&89`= BT3=1BE=N479-*73=I7*1&3) M&7.3*=.3;*79*'7&9*8=574;.)*=.25479&39=*(4342.(=&3)=+44)=7*84:7(*8=+47=-:2&38_=O3= 9-*=.81&3)=4+=I7*1&3)`=9-*='1:*=2:88*1=M>9.1:8=*):1.8=&6:&(:19:7*=.3):897>`=9-*=E:745*&3= R=&9= 4>89*7= O897*&= *):1.8= Q=8-*7.*8= &3)= &6:&(:19:7*`= &3)= (:19:7*= 4+= 9-*= P&(.Q=(= 4>89*7= T+2 C7&884897*&=,.,&8=&7*=(:77*39=0*>=(422*7(.&1=2411:8(8_=W.9-=9-*=3*<=.39*73&9.43&1=IBIS= 574/*(9=+:3)*)=+742=9-*=E:745*&3=U3.43=INTERREG=IVA=P74,7&22*=,*+,8,*+/`=<*= &7*=<470.3,=94=)*;*145=*;.)*3(*8'&8*)=2&3&,*2*39=&5574&(-*8=+47=9-*=*3;.7432*39&1= &3)=(422*7(.&1=8:89&.3&'.1.9>=4+=3&9.;*=8-*11Q=8-*7.*8=&3)=&6:&(:19:7*=+47=&='74&)=7&3,*= 4+=2411:8(&3=Q=8-*7.*8=85*(.*8_=F.*1)=&3)=1&'47&947>=7*8*&7(-=43=O_=*):1.8`=C_=,.,&8=&3)=M_= *):1.8=.8='*.3,=(&77.*)=4:9=94=+:79-*7=:3)*789&3)=9-*.7='.414,>=&3)=*(414,>=&8=&='&8.8=+47= .3+472.3,=541.(>`=.3(1:).3,=.2574;*2*398=94=>.*1)=':9=&184=).7*(9=*25.7.(&1=9*89=4+=897*88= ):7.3,=-&3)1.3,=&3)=1.;*=97&385479&9.43_=T4=-*15=57*).(9=.25&(98=4+=3*&7=+:9:7*=(1.2&9*= (-&3,*=43=8-*11Q=8-=894(0=2&3&,*2*39`=4:7=7*8*&7(-=.3(1:)*8=1&'47&947>=2&3.5:1&9.438= --. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
4+=49-*7=85*(.*8=9-&9=&7*=(&:,-9=<.1)=<.9-=1.2.9*)=7*,:1&9.43=8:(-=&8=B:((.3:2=:3)&9:2`= <-.(-=2&>='*=5&79.(:1&71>=;:13*7&'1*=94=+:9:7*=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*`=47=2&>=.3)**)=574;.)*= 9-*=Q=8-*7.*8=4+=9-*=+:9:7*_
T+2_P+, REVISION=OF=THE=AFROTROPICAL=LAND=SNAIL=GENUS= AVAKUBIA=PILSBRY`=+3+3=STREPTAXIDAE A3943=J_=)*=W.39*7`=N.*30*=V&89*3-4:9 +N*9-*71&3)8=C*39*7=+47=B.4).;*78.9>=N&9:7&1.8`=P_O_=B4==3/+1`=,-**=RA=L*.)*3`=T-*=N*9-*71&3)8======T43_)*<.39*7 3&9:7&1.8_31 H:,*= &7*&8= 4+= (*397&1= A+7.(&= &7*= *S=*(9.;*1>= 9*77&= .3(4,3.9&= <.9-= 7*85*(9= 94= 9*77*897.&1= M411:8(&`= 349= 431>= ):*= 94= :3)*7(411*(9.3,_= T&=4342.(&11>= '*=*7= 034<3= 85*(.*8= &3)=-.,-*7=9&=&=7*,:1&71>=9:73=4:9=94='*=-*9*74,*3*4:8=:543=(148*7=*=&2.3&9.43_=T-.8= 574;.)*8=&3=.25*).2*39=+47='.4,*4,7&5-.(=89:).*8`=+47=<-.(-=1&3)=83&.18=&7*=49-*7<.8*= *2.3*391>=8:.9*)_= T-*= 57*8*39= 89:)>= 4+= 9-*= 897*59&=.)= A;&0:'.&= .8= &= ,44)= *=&251*_= T-*= 9&=43= <&8= .3974):(*)=+47=&=8.3,1*=8-*11=4+=9-*=9>5*=85*(.*8=G:1*11&=A;&0:'.&=&;&0:'.*38.8=P.18'7>`= +3+3`=+742=9-*=*&89*73=D*24(7&9.(=R*5:'1.(=4+=C43,4=DRC_=B*9<**3=+3-.=&3)=,*+*=9-*= 85*(.*8=<&8=7*5479*)=+742=8(&=*7*)=14(&1.9.*8='*9<**3=L.'*7.&=&3)=U,&3)&`=(4;*7.3,= &=1.3*&7=7&3,*=4+==3*&71>=/***=02_=T-.8=85*(.*8=<&8=(438.)*7*)=&3=*=&251*=4+=&=1&3)= 83&.1=).897.':9*)=&(7488=9-*=*39.7*=A+7.(&3=+47*89='*19_=A=8*(43)=85*(.*8`=G:1*11&=A;&0:'.&= &(:2.3&9&=T-.*1*`=+3--`=&184=.3974):(*)=43=9-*='&8.8=4+=&=8.3,1*943`=<&8=7*5479*)=&,&.3= .3=+332_= W*= 89:).*)= &11= &;&.1&'1*= 2&9*7.&1= 7*5479*)= .3= 9-*= 1.9*7&9:7*= &3)= &)).9.43&1= 2:8*:2= 85*(.2*38= .)*39.Q=*)= &8= A;&0:'.&= .3(1:).3,= 7*(*391>= (411*(9*)= 2&9*7.&1`= (&= +/*= 85*(.2*38=.3=&11`=4+=<-.(-=++/=&):19=8-*118_=O3=*&(-=&):19=8-*11=++=2*&8:7*2*398=<*7*= 2&)*= &3)= &3&1>?*)_= W-*7*= 5488.'1*`= (43(-42*97.(= )&9&= <*7*= 8:551*2*39*)= '>= 84V== 5&79=(-&7&(9*78`=&3)='>=)&9&=43=57494(43(-=&3)=.39*73&1=8-*11=897:(9:7*8=:8.3,=SEM=&3)= 2.(748CT=8(&3=4'8*7;&9.438_ M&9*7.&1= 57*;.4:81>= 7*5479*)= &8= G:1*11&= A;&0:'.&= &;&0:'.*38.8= &55*&7*)= 94= *2'7&(*= 8.==).89.3(9=2475-485*(.*8`=*&(-=<.9-=&=2:(-=247*=7*897.(9*)=7&3,*_=O3=9-*='&8.8=4+= '49-=(43(-414,.(&1=&3)=&3&942.(&1=(-&7&(9*78=<*=(1&88.+>=A;&0:'.&=&8=&3=.3)*5*3)*39= ,*3:8= <.9-= &9= 1*&89= 3.3*= 85*(.*8_= I3= &)).9.43`= &= 8:5*7Q=(.&11>= 7*2&70&'1>= 8.2.1&7`= ':9= (43(-414,.(&11>=&3)=&3&942.(&11>=).89.3(9=7&).&9.43=.8=7*(4,3.?*)=<.9-=+4:7=85*(.*8_
T+2 ABSTRACTS --/
T+2_P+- REDESCRIPTION=OF=CORNISEPTA=CROSSEI=DAUTZENBERG=]=FISCHER`= +230=MOLLUSCA`=GASTROPODA`=FISSURELLIDAE L_=B&77.4+`=V_=U7,477.+`=M_P_=S*&7c8+`=F_=C4'4, +D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z4414=c&=*=A39745414=c&=Fc8.(&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=B.414=c&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4= )*=C425489*1&`=C&25:8=S:7=823`=+/21,=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=S5&.3_=E89&(.3=)*=B.414=c&=M&7.&= )&=G7&&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=R0&=)&=R.'*.7&=+`=+//3*`=A=G7&&`=F*7741`=S5&.3======1:(.&_'&77.4 :8(_*8`=;.9:(4_:7,477. :8(_*8`=2&7(48_5*7*? :8(_*8 ,D*5&79&2*394=)*=Z4414=c&=*=A39745414=c&=Fc8.(&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=B.414=c&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*= C425489*1&`=C&25:8=S:7=823`=+/21,=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=S5&.3_=E89&(.3=)*=H.)74'.414=c&=E3(474= )4=C43`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=C&8974&,:)c3=823`=--0+1`=V.1&,&7(c&=)*=A74:8&`= P439*;*)7&`=S5&.3=+*73&3)4_(4'4 :8(_*8 T-*=+&2.1>=F.88:7*11.)&*=.8=(42548*)='>=57484'7&3(-=,&897454)8=4+=74(0>=-&'.9&98`=+742= 9-*=+47*8-47*=&7*&=94=9-*=)**5=8*&_=T-*>=&7*=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=&=(43.(&1=&3)=5&9*11.+472= 8-*11=<.9-=&=<.)*=&5*79:7*=&3)=&3=&5.(&1`=8:'&5.(&1=47=2&7,.3&1=+47&2*3_ T-*=+&2.1>=(1&88.Q=(&9.43=.8=431>='&8*)=43=2475-414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*78=7&):1&`=8-*11=&3)= 2&391*=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8=&3)=.98=-.,-1>=).8(7*5&39=&((47).3,=94=).S=*7*39=&:9-478`=+742= 9<4=94=Q=;*=8:'+&2.1.*8_=A19-4:,-=F.88:7*11.)&*=85*(.*8=&7*=4V=*3=.3(1:)*)=.3=241*(:1&7= 5->14,*3.*8`=9-*7*=&7*=+*<=85*(.Q=(=89:).*8=4+=9-.8=,74:5=&3)`=9-*7*+47*`=&='74&)*7=89:)>= 4+=F.88:7*11.)&*=85*(.*8=.8=3*(*88&7>=94=.2574;*=9-*=(477*(9=:3)*789&3).3,=4+=9-.8=+&2.1>_ I3= 9-.8= (422:3.(&9.43= 9-*= 85*(.*8= C473.8*59&= (7488*.= D&:9?*3'*7,= ]= F.8(-*7`= +230`= <-.(-=.8=431>=)*8(7.'*)=.3=9-*=47.,.3&1=)*8(7.59.43`=.98=7*)*8(7.'*)=+742=&=949&1=4+=,0-= 85*(.2*38_=T-*=2&9*7.&1=<&8=(411*(9*)=9-74:,-=9-*=F7*3(-=(&25&.,38=S*&24:39=I=+321= &3)= S*&24:39= II= +33-= &3)= 8*;*7&1= S5&3.8-= (&25&.,38= 1.0*= C&3,7*=4= +33+`= DIVA8 A79&'7.&=I=,**,`=DIVA8A79&'7.&=I=,**-=&3)=S&77.)&1=,**1_=T-*=85*(.2*38=<*7*=+4:3)=.3= ).S=*7*39=B&308=+742=NE=A91&39.(=G&1.(.&`=A91&39.8`=H>*7*8=&3)=I7;.3,=B&308=&3)=.3=9-*= )74584S==4+=9-*=G&1.(.&3=(4&89`='*9<**3=0/*=&3)=++3+=2=&9=)*59-_= T-.8=2&9*7.&1=<&8=89:).*)=&3)=&=)*9&.1*)=89:)>=4+=9-*=8-*11=94=9-*=SEM=.8=57*8*39*)`= )*8(7.'.3,=9-*=.)*39.+>.3,=(-&7&(9*78_=B*8.)*8`=&='.42*97.(=89:)>=<.9-=9-*=(477*8543).3,= +472= .3)*== .8= 574;.)*)= &3)= :3034<3= (-&7&(9*78= 349= (438.)*7*)= .3= 9-*= 8(.*39.Q=(= 1.9*7&9:7*=:39.1=34<=&7*=)*8(7.'*)_
T+2 --0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+3 T+3_O+ THE=LAND=SNAILS=OF=PENNSYLVANIA`=USAa=LIKELY=EFFECTS=OF= GLOBAL=WARMING=UPON=SPECIES=DISTRIBUTIONS M*,&3=E_=P&:89.&3`=T.249->=A_=P*&7(* S*(9.43=4+=M411:808`=C&73*,.*=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=..**=F47'*8=A;*_`=P.=8':7,-`=PA=+/,+-= 25&:89.& ,2&.1_(42`=5*&7(*9 (&73*,.*23-_47,= L&3)=83&.18=&7*=7*1&9.;*1>=.224'.1*=&3.2&18=<-48*=1&9.9:).3&1=&3)=&19.9:).3&1=7&3,*8= 2&>= 349= 7*&).1>= 8-.V== .3= 7*85438*= 94= (1.2&9*= (-&3,*_= E;*3= .+= (&5&'1*= 4+= 7&3,*= 8-.V=8`= -.,-8&19.9:)*=*3)*2.(=83&.18=2&>=-&;*=1.=1*=7442=.3=<-.(-=94=*=5&3)=.3=P*338>1;&3.&`= *1*;&9.438= 1**8312= 2= 7*57*8*39= 431>= ,= 4+= 1&3)= &7*&_= W*= *=&2.3*)= <-*9-*7= 842*= 1&3)= 83&.1= 85*(.*8= .3= P*338>1;&3.&= &7*= 1.2.9*)= 94= :55*7= *1*;&9.438= 94= &88*88= <-*9-*7= (1.2&9*=<&72.3,=548*8=&=9-7*&9=94=9-*2_=W*=8:7;*>*)=1&3)=83&.18=&9=+*2=8.9*8=&(7488= 9<*1;*=7*,.43&1=97&38*(98=&9=7*,:1&7=+**=2=.39*7;&18=4+=*1*;&9.43=+742=+**=94=3**=2`=&3)= -&'.9&9=(-&7&(9*78=&9=*&(-=8.9*=<*7*=2*&8:7*)_=N.3*=85*(.*8=4((:77*)=57.2&7.1>=&9=-.,-*7= *1*;&9.438=&3)=&7*=1.0*1>=94=*=5*7.*3(*=545:1&9.43=)*(1.3*8=<.9-=(1.2&9*=<&72.3,_=I3= &)).9.43`=2:19.;&7.&9*=&3&1>8*8=4+=7*,.43`=*1*;&9.43`=1&9.9:)*`=84.1=(-*2.897>`=&3)=49-*7= -&'.9&9=+&(9478=<*7*=:8*)=94=)*8(7.'*=-&'.9&98=(:77*391>=4((:5.*)='>=1&3)=83&.1=85*(.*8_
T+3_O, IMPACT=OF=ENVIRONMENTAL=VARIABLES=ON=THE=DIVERSITY=OF= FRESHWATER=MOLLUSCS Z&-447=P.7`=L_K_=M:),&1 D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=M&9&=J_=&'&.=G4;9_=P_=G_=G.718=(411*,*=M49.9&'*1&=I3)47*=MP8./,**+= ?&-4471221 >&-44_(42= T-*=N&72&)&=7.;*7=.8=43*=&243,=9-*=.25479&39=7.;*7=4+=I3).&`=<-.(-=.8=8:'/*(9*)=94= 9-*=5411:9.43=)&>='>=)&>`=):*=94=;&7.4:8=&39-7454,*3.(=&(9.;.9.*8_=C-&3,*=.3=5->8.(48= (-*2.(&1=5&7&2*9*78=4+=7.;*7=):*=94=5411:9.43`=.25&798=3*,&9.;*=*S=*(9=43=9-*=).;*78.9>=4+= M411:8(&38_=T-*=57*8*39=89:)>=<&8=(&77.*)=4:9=+47=9-*=5*7.4)=4+=,.=2439-8=+742=A:,:89=
,**3=94=J:1>=,*++=&9=+4:7=8*1*(9*)=89&9.438=;.?=S+`=S,`=S-=&3)=S.=7*85*(9.;*1>_=D:7.3,=9-*= 57*8*39=89:)>=&'4:9=+1=85*(.*8=4+=(1&88=G&897454)&=&3)=2=85*(.*8=4+=(1&88=P*1*(>54)&= <*7*= 7*(47)*)_= T-*= 2411:8(&3= ).;*78.9>= <&8= 2&=.2:2= .3= A57.18= M&>= 2439-8= &3)= 2.3.2:2=.3=J:1>8=A:,:89=2439-8_=T-*=;&1:*=4+=S-&3343=&3)=W*&;*7=I3)*==H=;&7.*)= +742=,_1=94=-_+`=.3).(&9.3,=9-*=<&9*7=6:&1.9>=&3)=).;*78.9>=4+=85*(.*8_=B49-=,&897454)8=&3)= 5*1*(>54)8=8-4<*)=89743,=3*,&9.;*=(477*1&9.43=<.9-=9:7'.).9>`=3.97&9*`=&10&1.3.9>=&3)= 5-485-&9*=&9=&11=+4:7=89&9.438`=<-.1*=89743,=548.9.;*=(477*1&9.43=<&8=4'8*7;*)='*9<**3= 2411:8(&3=85*(.*8=&3)=5H_==M:19.51*=08=)42.3&3(*=5149=4+=&11=89&9.438=+&(.1.9&9*)=9-*= T+3 ).8(7.2.3&9.43=4+=2411:8(8=&((47).3,=94=85*(.*8=7*1&9.;*=(4397.':9.43=94=89&3)&7)=894(0_= T-*=7*8:198=4+=57*8*39=89:)>=8-4<*)=9-&9=9-*=+7*8-<&9*7='.4).;*78.9>=.8=&19*7*)='>=9-*= (-&3,*=.3=9-*=5->8.(48(-*2.(&1=5&7&2*9*78=4+=7.;*7_=T-:8=7*,:1&7=243.947.3,=4+=<&9*7= 5&7&2*9*78=.8=3*(*88&7>=.3=2&.39&.3.3,=9-*=).;*78.9>=4+=M411:8(8_= ABSTRACTS --1
T+3_O- EFFECT=OF=TEMPERATURE=ON=EMBRYONIC=DEVELOPMENT=OF=THE= MARINE=GASTROPOD=CHARONIA=SEGUENZAE=ARADAS=]=BENOIT`=+21* C-7.8&=K_=D4=&+`,`=A85&8.&=S9*7.49.+`-`=P&8(&1=D.;&3&(-+`-`=M&74:).4=K*394:7., +CRETAQUARIUM`=H*11*3.(=C*397*=+47=M&7.3*=R*8*&7(-`=P_O_BOX=,,+.`=1+**-=H*7&01.43`=C7*9*= (-7.8&)4=& (7*9&6:&7.:2_,7`=&85&8.& -*7_-(27_,7 ,D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C7*9*=0*394:7. '.414,>_:4(_,7 -I389_=4+=A6:&(:19:7*`=H*11*3.(=C*397*=+47=M&7.3*=R*8*&7(-=).;&3&(- -*7_-(27_,7 T-*= *3(&58:1&9*)= )*;*1452*39= 4+= 9-*= 2&7.3*= ,&897454)= C-&743.&= 8*,:*3?&*= A7&)&8= ]= B*34.9`= +21*= <&8= 89:).*)= :3)*7= -= 9*25*7&9:7*8= +1`= ,*= &3)= ,-= C_= O3*= -:3)7*)= *.,-9>= +2*= *,,= (&58:1*8= 9-&9= <*7*= )*548.9*)= 9-*= 8&2*= )&>`='>= 9-*= 8&2*= .3).;.):&1= ,-`+=4C=&3)=<*7*=&9=9-*=8&2*=)*;*1452*39&1=89&,*=+=(*11=89&,*=<*7*=:8*)_=A9=9-*=89&,*= 4+='1&89:1&=19-=D&>=AV=*7=D*548.9.43=:=DAD=9-*>=<*7*=8*5&7&9*)=.3=9-7**=,74:58=4+=0*= (&58:1*8_=O3*=,74:5=7*2&.3*)=&9=,-=4C=&3)=9-*=49-*7=9<4=<*7*=&((1.2&9*)=&9=,*=&3)= +=4C_==T<4=7&3)421>=8&251*)=(&58:1*8=<*7*=(411*(9*)=+742=*&(-=9*25*7&9:7*=*;*7>= )&>=):7.3,=9-*=Q=789=/=)&>8`=D+8D/`=*;*7>=9<4=)&>8=+742=D1=94=D+1=&3)=*;*7>=9-7**= )&>8= +742= D,*= 94= *(148.43`= <*.,-*)`= 45*3*)= &3)= 9-*= *,,8`= *2'7>48= 47= 1&7;&*= <*7*= 5-494,7&5-*)=:3)*7=89*7*48(45*_=S9&,*8=4+=)*;*1452*39`=8-&5*=&3)=).2*38.438=<*7*= 89:).*)=&3)=2*&8:7*)=43=2.(745-494,7&5-8_=A11=)*;*1452*39&1=89&,*8=<*7*=)*8(7.'*)= .3=7*1&9.43=94=9*25*7&9:7*=&3)=9.2*_=A9=,-= C=*(148.43=4((:77*)=.3=)&>8=&V=*7=(&58:1*= )*548.9.43`=&9=&=+7**=8<.22.3,=;*1.,*7_=E2'7>43.(=)*;*1452*39=&9=,-=C=<&8=+1=&3)=,.= )&>8=+&89*7=9-&3=,*=C=&3)=+1=C=7*85*(9.;*1>_=T*25*7&9:7*=.8=&=+&(947=9-&9=&S=*(98=349=431>= 9-*=)*;*1452*39&1=7&9*=':9=&184=9-*=8.?*=4+=9-*=*2'7>48`=<.9-=14<*7=9*25*7&9:7*=1*&).3,= 94=9-*=*(148.43=4+=1&7,*7=.3).;.):&18_=
T+3_O. TEMPORAL=VARIATION=IN=REPRODUCTIVE=PHENOLOGY=OF=PATELLA=SPP_a= PAST=AND=PRESENT M&7.&=V&1*+`,`-`=A3&=I_=N*94,`-`=G:89&;4=M&79.38,`-`=S9*5-*3=J_=H&<0.38+ +O(*&3=&3)=E&79-=S(.*3(*`=N&9.43&1=O(*&34,7&5->=C*397*=S4:9-&25943`=W&9*7+7439=C&25:8`= U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-&25943`=E:745*&3=W&>`=S4:9-&25943`=SO+.=-ZH`=UK=M&7.&_V&1* 34(_84943_&(_:0`= S_J_H&<0.38 8494_&(_:0 ,C*3974=I39*7).8(.51.3&7=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=M&7.3-&=*=A2'.*39&1=CIIMAR2CIMAR`=R:&=)48=B7&,&8=,23`= .*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1=&3*94 :&(_59`=,2&79.38 :&(_59 -CIRN=]=G7:54=)*=B.414,.&=M&7.3-&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=AO47*8`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ÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
+32/8+3219-74:,-=&=(-.886:&7*=9*89=4+=.3)*5*3)*3(*_O;*7&11`=.3=(4397&89=94=9-*=5*7.4)= 4+=+32/821`=9-*7*=<&8=&=2:(-=14<*7=3:2'*7=4+=.3).;.):&18=7*&(-.3,=2&9:7.9>=,43&)= )*;*1452*39=89&,*8=IV=&3)=V=.3=,*+,8,*+-=&3)=9-*7*=<&8=34=(1*&7=5*&0=.3=85&<3.3,_=I3= &)).9.43`=9-*=7*89.3,=5*7.4)=&55*&78=94='*=89&79.3,=.3=J:3*`=43*=2439-=)*1&>*)=(425&7*)= 94= )&9&= +742= +32/821_= T-*8*= ;&7.&9.438= &7*= .25479&39= &3)= 2&>= &S=*(9= 9-*= 545:1&9.43= )>3&2.(8=4+=9-*=85*(.*8_
T+3_O/ +2O=AND=+-C=RECORD=OF=VIVIPARUS=DILUVIANUS=KUNTH=SHELLS= FROM=HOLSTEINIAN=DEPOSITS=AT=ORTEL=KRÓLEWSKI=AND=SZYMANOWO`= EASTERN=POLAND M&7(.3=S?>2&3*0 U3.;*78.9>=4+=W&78&<`=F&(:19>=4+=G*414,>`=:1_=!<.70.=.=W.,:7>==3-`=*,8*23=W&78&<`=P41&3)= 2_8?>2&3*0 :<_*):_51
T-*=7*8*&7(-=.8=(43):(9*)=&9=,=8.9*8=4+=1&0*=)*548.98=4+=9-*=H4189*.3.&3=I39*7,1&(.&1=MIS=++= .3=E&89*73=P41&3)=:=O79*1=K71*<80.=&3)=S?>2&34<4_=S9&'1*=4=>,*3=&3)=(&7'43=.84945*= (42548.9.43=4+=V.;.5&7:8=).1:;.&3:8=8-*118=.8=.3;*89.,&9*)=.3=+-=8&251*8_=S&251*8=&7*=&77&3,*)= &((47).3,=94=9-*=8-*11=8-&5*=(-&3,*8`=349*)=.3=).S=*7*39=5&798=4+=9-*=.39*7,1&(.&1=.)*39.Q=*)= '>=5411*3=&3&1>8.8_=T-*>=&7*=(-48*3=.3=7*1&9.43=94=9-*=2*&3=;&1:*8=4+=9-*=81.23*88=.3)*=`= <-.(-=(477*8543)=94=9-*=(*79&.3=5&798=4+=9-*=.39*7,1&(.&1`=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=)*Q=3.9*=(1.2&9.(= (43).9.438_=O3*=8&251*=(4257.8*8=-8/=(4251*9*`=2&9:7*=.3).;.):&18=4+=8.2.1&7=&,*=9-*=8&2*= 3:2'*7=4+=,74<9-=8*,2*398=1.;.3,=&9=).S=*7*39=9.2*=;&7.4:8=5&=*73=4+=,74<9-=1.3*8_= V&1:*8=4+=+2O=&3)=+-C=&9=O79*1=K71*<80.=;&7.*8=+742=81_1-=94=81_,-=&3)=+742=8+*_*0=94=83= 7*85*(9.;*1>_=M&=.2:2=4+=+2O=(477*8543)8=<.9-=9-*=T&=:8=?43*=4+=9-*=H4189*.3.&3=&3)=9-*= -.,-*89=81.23*88=4+=V_=).1:;.&3:8=8-*118=+_.+`=<-*7*&8=8.2.1&7=8-*118=+742=9-*=(1.2&9.(=459.2:2= -&8=9-*=14<*89=;&1:*8=4+==+2O_=T-.8=2&>=7*8:19=+742=)**5*3.3,=4+=9-*=1&0*_=C4389&39=7.8*=4+=+-C= .3=9-*=14<*72489=5&79=4+=9-*=574Q=1*=54.398=94=&2*1.47&9.43=4+=9-*=(1.2&9*_=M&=.2:2=;&1:*8= .3=9-*=.397&8.39*7,1&(.&1=)7>.3,=&3)=(441.3,=4+=9-*=(1.2&9*=2&>='*=(433*(9*)=<.9-=9-*=1&0*= 8-&114<.3,_=A9=S?>2&34<4=4=>,*3=&3)=(&7'43=.84945*=(:7;*8=7*57*8*39=.39*7;&18=4+=82`0+=:= 81`11=&3)=83`1=:=82`2/_=S&251*8=&7*=(477*1&9*)=<.9-=9-*=Q=3&1=5&79=4+=9-*=(1.2&9.(=459.2:2= &3)=9-*=54898459.2&1=5*7.4)_=D*51*9.43=.3=+2O=&3)=+-C=;&1:*8=(43Q=728=)*9*7.47&9.43=4+= 9-*=(1.2&9.(=(43).9.438_=F1:(9:&9.438=.3=+-C=(:7;*=94<&7)8=-.,-*7=;&1:*8=(4.3(.)*8=<.9-=9-*= (441.3,=4+=9-*=(1.2&9*=&3)=5*7.4)8=4+=)745=4+=9-*=<&9*7=1*;*1`=349*)=.3=5411*3=&3)='.42*97.(= 89:).*8=4+=V_=).1:;.&3:8=8-*118_= P74/*(9= Q=3&3(*)= '>= 9-*= N&9.43&1= S(.*3(*= C*397*`= P41&3)`= ,.;*3= 43= 9-*= '&8*= 4+= )*(.8.43= DEC,*++2*-2B2ST+*2*0-,3_
T+3_P+ CHARACTERIZING=DIVERSIFICATION=PATTERNS= T+3 AND=DIET=EVOLUTION=IN=CONE=SNAILS M&70=P-:43,`=M.(-&*1=A1+&74 D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&`=L48=A3,*1*8b=H*78-*>=H&11`= 0+,=C-&71*8=E_=Y4:3,=D7.;*`=E&89`=L48=A3,*1*8`=CA=3**3/=2&705-:43, ,2&.1_(42`======2.(-&*1&1+&74 :(1&_*): W->= &7*= 842*= (1&)*8= 247*= ).;*78*= 9-&3= 49-*78= E;41;&'.1.9>`=47= &= 1.3*&,*8=.397.38.(= (&5&(.9>=94=&)&59=&3)=).;*78.+>`=.8=9-4:,-9=94=&((4:39=+47=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=).;*78.9>='*9<**3= ABSTRACTS --3
(1&)*8_=O3*=(42543*39=4+=*;41;&'.1.9>=.8=24):1&7.9>`=47=9-*=)*,7**=.3=<-.(-=(-&7&(9*78= *_,_`= 5-*349>5*`= ,*3*8`= )*;*1452*39&1= 3*9<4708= &7*= &'1*= 94= *;41;*= .3)*5*3)*391>_= O;*7=143,=*;41:9.43&7>=9.2*88(&1*8`=1.3*&,*8=<.9-=,7*&9*7=*;41;&'.1.9>=8-4:1)=+=*=-.'.9= -.,-*7=1*;*18=4+=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=7&9*8=&3)=85*(.*8=7.(-3*88=&3)=,=*=-.'.9=,7*&9*7=1*;*18= 4+=5-*349>5.(=;&7.&3(*_ I=574548*=94=9*89=9-*8*=57*).(9.438=.3=(43*=83&.18_=C43*=83&.18=<.9-.3=9-*=).;*78*=,*3:8`= C43:8=1/**=855_=&7*=&=,74:5=4+=57*)&947>=83&.18=9-&9=9>5.(&11>=+**)=43=<4728`=2411:8(8`= 47=Q=8-`=&3)=(&59:7*=9-*.7=57*>=:8.3,=&=(4(09&.1=4+=;*3424:8=3*:7494=.38=(43494=.38_= T-.8= ,74:5= .8= &557457.&9*= +47= 9<4= 7*&8438_= F.789`= (43494=.3= ,*3*8= &7*= <*11889:).*)= := ,*3*=):51.(&9.43=&3)=89743,=).;*78.+>.3,=8*1*(9.43=&(7488=(43494=.3=,*3*=8:5*7+&2.1.*8= .8=9-4:,-9=94=&114<=9-.8=,74:5=94=85*(.&1.?*=&3)=5&79.9.43=7*84:7(*8_=G*3*=):51.(&9.43= (&3=.3(7*&8*=*;41;&'.1.9>='*(&:8*=9-*=(45.*)=,*3*=.8=&114<*)=94=*;41;*=.3)*5*3)*391>`= 549*39.&11>= +&(.1.9&9.3,= 9-*= 7.8*= 4+= 3*<= 5-*349>5*8_= T-.8= 574;.)*8= &= 3&9:7&1= <&>= 94= 6:&39.+>= ).S=*7*3(*8= .3= *;41;&'.1.9>= '*9<**3= (1&)*8_= S*(43)`= 85*(.*8= ).;*78.9>= .8= 349= ).897.':9*)=*;*31>=.3=9-.8=,74:5=8=3*&71>=1*=4+=(43*=83&.18=&7*=;*72.;474:8=<4728 *&7.3,_=T-:8`=C43:8=574;.)*8=&=:3.6:*=455479:3.9>=94=9*89=<-*9-*7=*;41;&'.1.9>=57*).(98= 9-*=2&,3.9:)*=&3)=7&9*=4+=).;*78.Q=(&9.43_ T4='*,.3=9-.8=<470`=I=57*8*39=57*1.2.3&7>=7*8:198=(-&7&(9*7.?.3,=).*9=*;41:9.43=.3=C43:8_= I=,*3*7&9*)=&=+488.18(&1.'7&9*)=5->14,*3>=4+=,,,=85*(.*8=:8.3,=8.==57*;.4:81>=5:'1.8-*)= 14(._= T-*3`= I= :8*)= 5->14,*3*9.(= (425&7&9.;*= 2*9-4)8= 94= (-&7&(9*7.?*= ).*9= *;41:9.43= &3)=9*89=<-*9-*7=).;*78.Q=(&9.43=7&9*8=)*5*3)=43=).*9_=F.3&11>`=I=574548*=+:9:7*=<470=94= 6:&39.+>=9-*=7*1&9.438-.5='*9<**3=*;41;&'.1.9>=&3)=).;*78.Q=(&9.43_
T+3_P, EXPERIMENTAL=DROUGHT=EFFECTS=THE=REPRODUCTION=OF= BROODING=CLAUSILIID=A_=BIPLICATA=MONTAGU`=+2*- A33&=S:1.04<80&8D74?)+`=T42&8?=K_=M&19?, +D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>=&3)=H>)74'.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=L4)?`=B&3&(-&=S97_=+,2+0`= 3*8,-1=L4)?`=P41&3)=8:1.0 '.41_:3._14)?_51= ,M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=W74(&<=U3.;*78.9>`=S.*30.*<.(?&=,+`=/*:--/=W74(&<`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`=.397&:9*7.3*='744)=8.?*`=89&,*8=4+=*2'7>4= T+3 )*;*1452*39_= E2'7>48= '744)*)= .3= 83&.18= 0*59= .3= )7>= '4=*8= )*;*145*)= 94= 9-*= 2489= &);&3(*)=89&,*=8-*11=<.9-=1=,=<-4718=':9=<*7*=349=7*1*&8*)_=00=4+=83&.18='744)*)= *2'7>48=&9=9-*=*3)=4+=*=5*7.2*39b=1,=4+='744)*)=*2'7>48=<*7*=+:11>=)*;*145*)=&3)= &17*&)>=-&9(-*)=.3=9-*=:9*7:8_=N*<=*,,8=).)=349=&55*&7=.3=9-*=:9*7:8=):7.3,=1&'47&947>= 97*&92*39= -= 4+= *,,8= <.9-4:9= 8-*11*)= *2'7>4_= C439741= ,74:5= 4+= 83&.18= 0*59= :3)*7= -.,-= (4389&39= -:2.).9>= 7*1*&8*)= 3*43&9*8= .3= 9-*= Q=789= &3)= 9-*= 8*(43)= <**0= 4+= 9-*= *=5*7.2*39_=-+=4+=9-*8*=83&.18=7*574):(*)b=1.=*7=8.?*=&;*7&,*)=1_,=3*43&9*8=7&3,*=-=:= -.* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
+/_=T-*=.3).;.):&18=89&79*)=94=.3(:'&9*=3*<='744)8=0/=4+=83&.18='744)*)=&9=9-*=*3)= 4+=*=5*7.2*39b=-/=4+='744)*)=*,,8=<*7*=<.9-4:9=8-*11*)=*2'7>4b=&;*7&,*='744)=8.?*= *6:&1*)=1_+,=*,,82*2'7>48=7&3,*=+8+0_= T-*=7*8:198=4+=9-*=*=5*7.2*39=.3).(&9*)=9-&9=9-*=5*7.4)=4+=)74:,-9=-.3)*7*)=7*1*&8.3,=9-*= 3*43&9*8=&3)=574):(.3,=3*<='744)8=<-.1*=*2'7>48=&17*&)>=8947*)=.3=:9*7:8=(439.3:*)= 94= )*;*145_= T<4= <**08= 143,= )74:,-9= ).)= 349= (&:8*= 9-*= 2479&1.9>= &243,= &):198= 347= '744)*)=*2'7>48=':9=8.,3.Q=(&391>=.3R=:*3(*)=9-*=7*574):(9.;*=8:((*88=4+=.3).;.):&18_
T+3_P- PREDICTING=THE=IMPACTS=OF=CLIMATE=CHANGE=ON=THE=DISTRIBUTION= AND=CONSERVATION=OF=ENDEMIC=TERRESTRIAL=SNAILS=IN=MADEIRA C@9.&=G4:;*.&+`=D.3&79*=T*.=*.7&, +I389.9:94=S:5*7.47=)*=E89&9c89.(&=*=G*89D4=)*=I3+472&OD4`=U3.;*78.)&)*=N4;&=)*=L.8'4&`= C&25:8=)*=C&2541.)*=+*1*8-+,=L.8'4&`=P479:,&1=(&9.&_8,4:;*.& ,2&.1_(42= ,D.7*OD4=R*,.43&1=)*=F147*89&8=*=C438*7;&OD4=)&=N&9:7*?&`=C&2.3-4=)4=M*.4=:=B42=S:(*884`= 3*0.8/+,=F:3(-&1`=M&)*.7&`=P479:,&1=).3&79*9*.=*.7&_87& ,4;82&)*.7&_59 T-*=89:).*8=7*,&7).3,=9-*=.25&(98=4+=(1.2&9*=(-&3,*=43=,14'&1='.4).;*78.9>=-&;*=.3(7*&8*)= 4;*7=9-*=1&89=>*&78_=H4<*;*7`=&=149=4+=*;.)*3(*8=-&8=8:,,*89*)=9-&9=9-*='.414,.(&1=&3)= *(414,.(&1=7*85438*8=4+=&=<.)*=7&3,*=4+=1.+*=+4728=7*6:.7*=574,7*88.;*1>=247*=&);&3(*)= 94418=.3=9-*=(7*&9.43=4+=&(9.43=51&38=&3)=49-*7=(438*7;&9.43=897&9*,.*8_=R*(4,3.?*)=&8=&= 51&(*=4+=.3&7,:&'1*=.25479&3(*`=M&)*.7&=&7(-.5*1&,4=*3(148*8=&3=.25479&39='.414,.(&1= ).;*78.9>`=.3(1:).3,=8*;*7&1=85*(.*8=4+=*3)*2.(=9*77*897.&1=83&.18_=I3=47)*7=94=5745*71>= :3)*789&3)=9-.8=.88:*=&3)=574;.)*=57*1.2.3&7>=)&9&=+47=+:9:7*=89:).*8=(43(*73.3,=9-*= &7(-.5*1&,48=2&1&(4+&:3&`=9-.8=89:)>=&.28=9-*=*;&1:&9.43=4+=9-*=5*7+472&3(*=4+=3&9.;*= 85*(.*8=4+=9*77*897.&1=2411:8(8`=+&(.3,=&=+:9:7.89.(=(1.2&9*=8(*3&7.4`=&3)=9-*=&3&1>8.8=4+= -4<=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=9-*8*=545:1&9.438=(&3='*=&S=*(9*)_ T4= 5*7+472= 9-.8= 89:)>`= 8*;*7&1= 85*(.*8= 4+= 1&3)= 83&.18= <*7*= 8*1*(9*)= '&8*)= 43= 9-*.7= *(414,.(&1=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8_=T-*=57*).(9.43=4+=85*(.*8=549*39.&1=).897.':9.43`=&((47).3,=94= 9-*.7=+:9:7*=-&'.9&9=8:.9&'.1.9>`=<&8=)*9*72.3*)=:8.3,=(1.2&9*=)&9&=+742=CLIMAAT=II= 574/*(9=,**0`=&3)=&=24)*1=4+=2&=.2:2=*39745>=).897.':9.43=M&=*39=;*78.43=-_-_-&_= T-.8=84V=<&7*=-&8='**3=7*(422*3)*)=.3=7*(*39=24)*1=(425&7.8438`=&3)=-&8='**3=+4:3)= 94=574):(*=:8*+:1=7*8:198=<.9-=82&11=8&251*=8.?*8_= C1.2&9*= (-&3,*= &88:2*8= &3= .25479&39= 741*= 43= 85*(.*8= ).897.':9.43_= W.9-= &= ;*7>= 5&79.(:1&7= ).897.':9.43`= 842*= *3)*2.(= 85*(.*8= 2&>= +&(*= 9-*= *=9.3(9.43= .3= &= +:9:7*= <&72= *3;.7432*39_= T-*= :8*= 4+= 57*).(9.;*= 24)*18= )*243897&9*8= &= -.,-= *T==(.*3(>= .3= 9-*=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=4+=9-*=;&7.&'1*8=9-&9=1.2.9=9-*=).897.':9.43=4+=9-*=9&7,*9=85*(.*8`=&184= 574;.).3,=.25479&39=*;.)*3(*8=&'4:9=9-*=&88*882*39=4+=9-*=(438*7;&9.43=89&9:8=4+=9-*.7= 545:1&9.438=4;*7=9-*=3*=9=2*=>*&78_=T-*=7*8:198=8-4:1)=574;.)*=&3=.39*,7&9.;*=51&9+472= +47= 9-*= )*;*1452*39= 4+= &(9.43= 51&38= &3)= *89&'1.8-2*39= 4+= 2.9.,&9.43= 574(*):7*8= T+3 57*;*39.3,=9-*=+7&,2*39&9.43=4+=545:1&9.438=&3)=-&'.9&98`=&3)=8:'8*6:*391>=9-*=1488=4+= '.4).;*78.9>=.3=43*=4+=9-*=<471)8=2489=7*2&70&'1*=-4985498_ ABSTRACTS -.+
T+3_P. BEHAVIOUR=OF=CEPAEA=NEMORALIS=L_a=DIFFERENCES=BETWEEN= MORPHS=AND=EFFECTS=OF=ENVIRONMENTAL=FACTORS Z:?&33&=M_=R48.3+`=K<.*(.80.=Z'.,3.*<,`.`=A33&=S?>2&80&-`=P.497=T7>/&34<80..`= A3)7?*/=L*8.(0.+`=J&748&<=K4'&0/`=T42&8?=K&:80.0`=M43.0&=J&80:180&0 +D*5&792*39=4+=C*11=B.414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=E=5*7.2*39&1=B.414,>`=A)&2=M.(0.*<.(?=U3.;*78.9>`= U2:194<80&=23`=0+80+.=P4?3&`=P41&3)=?:?.&748.3 4,_51`=&1*8.(0. &2:_*):_51= =Z4414,.(&1=G&7)*3=P4?3&3`=B74<&73&=,/`=0+8*0-=P4?3&=?440<.&9*0 .39*7.&_51= -D*5&792*39=4+=B*-&;.4:7&1=E(414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=B.414,>`=A)&2=M.(0.*<.(?= U3.;*78.9>`=U2:194<80&=23`=0+80+.=P4?3&`=P41&3)=&3.&+,*3 54(?9&_43*9_51= .I389.9:9*=4+=Z4414,>`=P4?3&=U3.;*78.9>=4+=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=W4/80&=P4180.*,4=1+C`=0*80,/=P4?3&`=P41&3)= 5.497_97>/&34<80. ,2&.1_(42= /D*5&792*39=4+=I3;*79*'7&9*=Z4414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=B.414,>=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=P749*(9.43`= N.(41&:8=C45*73.(:8=U3.;*78.9>`=L<4<80&=+`=218+**=T47:`=P41&3)=/04' '.41_:3._947:3_51 0I389.9:9*=4+=P1&39=P749*(9.43=8=N&9.43&1=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*=R*8*&7(-=C*397*=4+=Q:&7&39.3*`=I3;&8.;*=&3)= G*3*9.(&11>=M4).Q=*)=O7,&3.828`=W1_=W*,470&=,*=0*8-+2=P4?3&3`=P41&3)=942&8?0&1:80. ,2&.1_(42`= 2_/&80:180& .47_54?3&3_51= S-*11=(414:7=541>2475-.82=4+=9-*=1&3)=83&.1=C*5&*&=3*247&1.8=L_=.8=&=<*118034<3=24)*1= .3= *;41:9.43&7>= 7*8*&7(-_= N*;*79-*1*88`= 9-*= 574=.2&9*= &3)= :19.2&9*= +&(9478= )7.;.3,= .98= *;41:9.43= 7*2&.3= :3(*79&.3_= O3*= 4+= 9-*= 2489= .25479&39= +&(9478= 2&>= '*= 2.(74 (1.2&9.(=8*1*(9.43=&3)=8*1*(9.;*=57*)&9.43_=H4<*;*7`=2&3>=541>2475-.(=85*(.*8=8-4<= ).S=*7*39.&1='*-&;.4:7&1=7*85438*8=94=8*1*(9.;*=+&(9478_=M47*4;*7`=9-*=034<1*),*=43=C_= 3*247&1.8='*-&;.4:7=.8=89.11=)*Q=(.*39_=T-*7*+47*`=<*=.3;*89.,&9*)='*-&;.4:7=+7*6:*3(>= 4+=&*89.;&9.43=&3)=14(4249.43`=9*3)*3(>=94=(1.2'=&3)=-.)*=4+=C*5&*&=2475-8='49-=.3= *=5*7.2*39&1= &3)= 3&9:7&1= (43).9.438`= &3)= *89.2&9*)= *S=*(98= 4+= *3;.7432*39&1= +&(9478= 9*25*7&9:7*`= -:2.).9>`= +44)= &;&.1&'.1.9>`= -&'.9&9= 897:(9:7*= &3)= 57*)&947>= 57*88:7*_= M475-8=8.,3.Q=(&391>=).S=*7*)=.3=+7*6:*3(>=4+=(1.2'.3,=9&11=4'/*(98=&3)=-.).3,=.3=8-&)*)= 51&(*8a= :3'&3)*)= 2475-8= 247*= 4V=*3= (1.2'*)= &3)= 1*88= 4V=*3= -.)= 9-&3= '&3)*)= 43*8_= I3=(43).9.438=4+=-.,-`=(4389&39=-:2.).9>=8.,3.Q=(&39=*S=*(9=43=9-*8*='*-&;.4:78=&8=<*11= &8= 43= +7*6:*3(>= 4+= &*89.;&9.43= &3)= 14(4249.43= -&)= 9*25*7&9:7*_= I3= 3&9:7&1= (4143.*8= (1.2'.3,=+7*6:*3(>=<&8=8.,3.Q=(&391>=&S=*(9*)='>=-:2.).9>=&3)=5*7(*39&,*=(4;*7=4+=97**8= &3)=8-7:'8=43=(4143>=&7*&_=S3&.18=24;*)=247*=+7*6:*391>=<-*3=+44)=<&8=&;&.1&'1*_= T*3)*3(>=4+=:3'&3)*)=2475-8=94=(1.2'=97**8=2&>=-&;*=*;41;*)=:3)*7=89743,=&;.&3= 57*)&947>=57*88:7*_=O3=9-*=49-*7=-&3)`=89743,=9*3)*3(>=4+='&3)*)=43*8=94=-.)*=.3=8-&)*)= 51&(*8=2&>=7*R=*(9=57*>=57*+*7*3(*8=94=(7>59.(='&(0,74:3)=&8=<*11=&8=94=2.(74-&'.9&98= 2&7,.3&11>=*=548*)=94=8:38-.3*_=T-*=7*8:198=.251.(&9*=9-&9=).S=*7*39.&1='*-&;.4:7=4+=C_= 3*247&1.8=2475-8=2&>=(425*38&9*=+47=9-*.7=2475-414,.(&1=&3)=5->8.414,.(&1=1.2.9&9.438= 4+=&)&59&9.43=94=-&'.9&9_=
T+3 -., AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T+3_P/ MICROHABITAT=REQUIREMENTS=OF=SNAIL=SPECIES=GASTROPODA`= PULMONATA=IN=LOWLAND=WETLANDS=OF=WESTERN=POLAND Z4Q=&=K8.ID0.*<.(?I`=K&9&7?>3&=Z&/I(I`=B&7942.*/=G4)>3J II389.9:9*=4+=N&9:7*=C438*7;&9.43`=P41.8-=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8`=K7&0<`=P41&3)======?4Q=&_08.&?0.*<.(? ,2&.1_(42= JD*5&792*39=4+=G*3*7&1=Z4414,>`=A)&2=M.(0.*<.(?=U3.;*78.9>`=P4?3&`=P41&3) M.(74-&'.9&9= 7*6:.7*2*398= 4+= ,+= 83&.1= 85*(.*8= .3-&'.9.3,= 9&11= 8*),*= 8<&258= A11_=M&,34(&7.(.43=<*7*=89:).*)`=.3=47)*7=94=9*89=-4<=9-*=&'.49.(=,74:3)<&9*7=1*;*18`= 84.1=24.89:7*`=8-&).3,`=9745->=&3)='.49.(=51&39=85*(.*8=+&(9478=.3R=:*3(*=9-*=2411:8(8= (422:3.9.*8_= T-*=89:)>=<&8=(43):(9*)=43=9<4=14(&1.9.*8=.3=9-*=;&11*>8=4+=9-*=P1.8?0&=&3)=I1&30&=7.;*78= W=P41&3)=.3=,**28,**3_=S&251*)=-&'.9&98=<*7*=14(&9*)=43=&10&1.3*=8:'897&9:2=&3)= 4;*7,74<3=2&.31>=<.9-=8*),*8_=N*;*79-*1*88`=9-*>=).S=*7*)=&((47).3,=94=(-&7&(9*7=4+= 2.(74-&'.9&98_= T-*=&'.49.(=+&(9478=-&)=&=1&7,*7=.25&(9=43=9-*=2411:8(8&3=(422:3.9.*8=9-&3=9-*='.49.(= 43*8_=T-*=<.9-.3=14(&1.9>=&3&1>?*8=)*243897&9*)=9-&9=).S=*7*39=&'.49.(=+&(9478=51&>*)=&= 1*&).3,=741*=.3=8-&5.3,=2411:8(8=(422:3.9.*8a=.3=9-*=I1&30&=14(&1.9>=24.89:7*=<&8= 9-*=431>=8.,3.Q=(&39=+&(947`=<-*7*&8=.3=9-*=P1.8?0&=14(&1.9>=8-&).3,=-&)=9-*=89743,*89= *S=*(9=':9=&184=84.1=24.89:7*`=&3)=&':3)&3(*=4+=U79.(&=).4.(&=&3)=L>8.2&(-.&=;:1,&7.8=<*7*= 8.,3.Q=(&39_== GLM= &3&1>8*8= &114<*)= 94= ).89.3,:.8-= 9-7**= ,74:58= 4+= 85*(.*8a= += 85*(.*8= <-.(-= 545:1&9.43=)*38.9>=.3(7*&8*)=<.9-=.3(7*&8.3,=1.=*7=&3)=84.1=24.89:7*`=,=85*(.*8=<-.(-= )*38.9>=)*(7*&8*)=<.9-=.3(7*&8.3,=1.=*7=&3)=84.1=24.89:7*`=&3)=-=85*(.*8=<-.(-=)*38.9>= <&8=349=)*5*3)*39=43=9-*=8:'897&9*=-:2.).9>_=T-*=83&.1=85*(.*8=<*7*=&88.,3*)=94=9-*8*= ,74:58a= += V*79.,4= &3,:89.47`= V*79.,4= 24:1.38.&3&`= V*79.,4= &39.;*79.,4`= V&1143.&= (489&9&`= V&1143.&=5:1(-*11&`=Z43.94.)*8=3.9.):8`=C4(-1.(45&=1:'7.(&`=E:(43:1:8=974(-.+472.8`=C&7>(-.:2= 2.3.2:2`=C&7>(-.:2=97.)*39&9:2b=,a=V*79.,4=8:'897.&9&`=V*79.,4=5>,2&*&`=C41:2*11&=*)*39:1&`= V.97*&= (7>89&11.3&`= V.97.3&= 5*11:(.)&`= C*5&*&= -479*38.8`= F7:9.(.(41&= +7:9.(:2b= -a= N*84;.97*&= -&2243.8`=P:3(9:2=5>,2&*:2`=P*7+47&9*11&='.)*39&9&=&3)=A7.&39&=&7':8947:2_=S5*(.*8=4+= 9-*=Q=789=,74:5=4V=*3=57*+*77*)=1&7,*=&':3)&3(*=4+=C&7*==&(:9.+472.8=.3=2.(74-&'.9&9=&3)= &;4.)=T-*1>59*7.8=5&1:897.8`=574'&'1>=):*=94=1.=*7=(-&7&(9*7a=9-*=1.=*7=4+=C_=&(:9.+472.8=<&8= (425&(9=<.9-=-.,-=<&9*7=7*9*39.43`=<-*7*&8=1*&;*8=4+=T_=5&1:897.8=<*7*=9<.89.3,=<-*3= )7>.3,`=(7*&9.3,=1448*`=*&8>=)7>.3,=1.=*7_=
T+3_P0 STABLE=ISOTOPE=ANALYSIS=OF=RAPANA=VENOSA=MURICIDAEa= NEOGASTROPODA=FROM=DIFFERENT=SITES=OF=THE=BLACK=SEAa= VERTICAL=MIGRATIONS`=AGE=FLUCTUATIONS=AND=HABITAT=IMPACT T+3 A1.8&=K48>&3+`=Z-&33&=A39.5:8-.3&, A_N_=S*;*7984;=I389.9:9*=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43=4+=RAS--=L*3.380>=57485*(9`=++3*1+=M48(4<`=R:88.&= 048&1.8& 7&2'1*7_7:`=?-&33&.5** 2&.1_7: S9&'1*= .84945*= &3&1>8.8= .8= <.)*1>= :8*)= +47= *(414,.(&1= 89:).*8= 4+= 2411:808= &3)= 49-*7= .3;*79*'7&9*8_==I9=.8=+4:3)`=9-&9=(43(*397&9.438=4+=(&7'43=&3)=3.974,*3=89&'1*=.84945*8=.3= 84V==9.88:*8=&3)=8-*11=5749*.3=4+=,&897454)=2411:808=7*R=*(9=9-*.7=7&9.43=&3)=9-*=)*59-8= ABSTRACTS -.-
4+=-&'.9&9_=I3;&8.;*=2:7.(.)=R&5&3&=;*348&`=857*&)=&11=4;*7=9-*=B1&(0=S*&`=)*243897&9*8= 4:989&3).3,=*(414,.(&1=51&89.(.9>_=I98=&1.2*39&7>=57*+*7*3(*8=2&>=;&7>=):7.3,=9-*=1.+*`= &3)=;*79.(&1=2.,7&9.438=&7*=4'8*7;*)_=A11=9-.8=.8=8:55479*)='>=9-*=)&9&=4+=89&'1*=.84945*= &3&1>8.8_ R&5&=<-*108=<*7*=(411*(9*)=.3=Q=;*=8.9*8=&143,=9-*=*&89*73=5&79=4+=9-*=B1&(0=S*&=(4&89=43= ,8,/=2=)*59-8_=S:22&7>=(&7'43=&3)=3.974,*3=(439*39`=&((:2:1&9*)=+47=&=<-41*=1.+*=4+= &=2411:80`=&3)=.84945*=)>3&2.(8=.3=).S=*7*39=&,*=?43*8=4+=45*7(:1:28=<*7*=&3&1>?*)_ T-*=(439*39=4+=+-0=.3=8-*11=5749*.3=4+=7&5&3&=+742=&11=8.9*8=)*(7*&8*)=<.9-=)*59-_ I84945*=(439*39=;&7.*)=.3=).S=*7*39=&,*=?43*8=4+=45*7(:1:28_=I3=9-*=2&/47.9>=4+=8.9*8`= +-0=.3(7*&8*)=<.9-=&,*`=+742=9-*=41)*89=?43*=4+=45*7(:1:2=(477*8543).3,=94=&=/:;*3.1*= <-*10`=94=9-*=>4:3,*89=43*_=T-*8*=)&9&=&7*=.3=(43(47)&3(*=<.9-=4:7=57*;.4:8=7*8:198=4+= +2O=(439*39=.3=8-*11=(&7'43&9*8`=<-.(-=<&8=9-*=-.,-*89=.3=9-*=41)*89=5&79=4+=9-*=8-*11`= 9-:8=54.39.3,=9-&9=/:;*3.1*=7&5&=<-*108=1.;*)=.3=(41)*7=&3)=)**5*7=<&9*78=9-&3=&):198_= +-0=(439*398=4+=8-*11=(&7'43&9*8=.3=7&5&=<-*108=4+=-=&3)=.=>*&78=41)=+742=9-*=8&2*= 14(&1.9>=8-4<*)=9-&9=2411:808=4+=-=>*&78=&,*=1.;*)=)**5*7=9-&3=9-48*=4+=.=>*&78_ A=8.,3.Q=(&39=).S=*7*3(*=.3=+-0=<&8=57*8*39='*9<**3=82&11=&3)=1&7,*88.?*)=<-*108=4+= 9-*=8&2*=&,*`=574'&'1>=):*=94=9-*=).S=*7*3(*=.3=9-*.7=&1.2*39&7>=(43).9.438_=A3=&;*7&,*= +/N=2*&3.3,=4+=9-*=8-*118=+742=9-*=B1&(0=S*&=(4&89=<&8=0`/`=<-.1*=9-&9=4+=9-*=S97&.9= 4+=K*7(-=:+,`+_=T-.8=2&>='*=*=51&.3*)='>=247*=*:9745-.(&9*)=<&9*78=4+=9-*=897&.9`= (42.3,=+742=9-*=S*&=4+=A?4;_
T+3_P1 THE=EFFECT=OF=-_++=TSUNAMI=ON=SHELL=GROWTH=OF=THE=INVASIVE= NATICID=GASTROPOD=EUSPIRA=FORTUNEI M&8&-.74=S:?:0.`=K*3/.=O048-. D*5&792*39=4+=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*`=G7&):&9*=S(-441=4+=S(.*3(*`=T4-4=U3.;*78.9>`=C-.'&=,1.82/+*`= J&5&3=00+-**-8 3(_94-48:_&(_/5`=0*3/._4048-. *3;_8(._94-48:_&(_/5 O3=++=M&7(-=,*++`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`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`= 2&3>= /:;*3.1*8= -&)= '**3= (411*(9*)= .3= M&98:8-.2&= B&>= &3)= M&98:0&<&8:7&=I31*9=&V=*7=F*'7:&7>=,*+,_=A19-4:,-=E_=+479:3*.=&9*=&9=1*&89=+/=85*(.*8=4+= 2411:80`=).*98=4+=9-*=83&.1=<*7*=-*&;.1>=)42.3&9*)='>=9-*=.3+&:3&1='.;&1;*8=2&.31>=4+= R_=5-.1.55.3&7:2_ -.. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T-*=,74<9-=7&9*=4+=9-*=7411=1*3,9-=.3=M&98:8-.2&=B&>=<&8=1&7,*7=9-&3=9-&9=4+=M&98:0&<&8 :7&= I31*9= +742= M&>= 94= O(94'*7= ,*++_= H4<*;*7`= &;*7&,*= 8.?*= 4+= 9-*= 8-*11= -*.,-9= .3= M&98:0&<&8:7&=I31*9=<&8=1&7,*7=9-&3=9-&9=.3=M&98:8-.2&=B&>_=AV=*7=+472.3,=9-*=,74<9-= '7*&0`= 3*<1>= +472*)= 8-*11= '*(&2*= 9-.33*7_= I9= 2&>= '*= 9-*= 7*8:19= 4+= 7&5.)= (-&3,*= 4+= 2.3*7&1.?&9.43=574(*88=.3(1:).3,=6:.(0=8-*11=,74<9-=&3)247=7*5&.7_=
T+3 ABSTRACTS -./
T,* T,*_O+ DONT=MISS=THE=TRAITa=THE=IMPORTANCE=OF=CONSIDERING= BIOLOGICAL=TRAITS=FOR=A=BETTER=UNDERSTANDING=OF=BENTHIC= ASSEMBLAGES F*73&3)4=A3*.748+`=J:&3=M47*.7&,`=J*808=S_=T743(484+ +D*59_=)*=E(414,c&=>=B.414,c&=A3.2&1`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8=)*1=M&7`=U3.;_=)*=V.,4`=C&25:8=U3.;*78.9&7.4=L&,4&88 M&7(48*3)*`=-0-+*`=V.,4=P439*;*)7&`=S5&.3=+_&3*.748 :;.,4_*8`=9743(484 :;.,4_*8 ,D*59_=)*=B.414,c&=Z4414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8`=U3.;_=A:9342&=)*=M&)7.)`=C2=D&7<.3=,`=,2*.3`= C&394'1&3(4=M&)7.)`=S5&.3=/:&3_247*.7& :&2_*8 T*2547&1= ;&7.&9.43= .3= '*39-.(= &88*2'1&,*8= .8= :8:&11>= &= 897.0.3,= 945.(`= &8= 2&3>= +&(9478= .3R=:*3(*=.9_=L.+*=(>(1*8=4+=*&(-=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=47=(-&3,*8=.3=8*).2*39=&3)=49-*7=*3;.7432*39&1= +&(9478=4;*71&5=94=)*9*72.3*=9-*=+:3(9.43.3,=4+=9-*8*=(422:3.9.*8_=A3)=<*=2:89=&))=9-*= ).T==(:19>= 94= Q=3)= 9-*= &557457.&9*= 8(&1*= &3)= 5*7.4).(.9>`= &3)= 9-*= 7&3)42= +&(9478= &S=*(9.3,= 9-*=8&251.3,8_=B*(&:8*=4+=9-.8`=86:**?.3,=9-*=7*8:198=&8=2:(-=&8=5488.'1*`='>=(438.)*7.3,= ).S=*7*39=&5574&(-*8`=2&>=(4389.9:9*=&=7*&843&'1*=574(*):7*=94=4'9&.3=&=247*=7*&1.89.(=;.*<= 4+=9-.8=.88:*_=O3*=54<*7+:1=9441=.8=8479.3,=9-*=+&:3&='>=).S=*7*39='.414,.(&1=97&.98`=&3)=1440=+47= 9-*.7=7*1&9.438-.5=<.9-=*3;.7432*39&1=+&(9478_=T-&9=<&8=4:7=&.2=.3=9-.8=89:)>=(&77.*)=4:9=.3=&= 82&11=*2'&>2*39`=9-*=Rc&=)*=A1)@3=NW=I'*7.&3=P*3.38:1&_=I3=.98=.33*7=5&79`=9<4=8&251.3,= 89&9.438=<*7*=89:).*)=+742=M&>=+332=94=M&>=+333_=A9=*&(-=89&9.43`=Q=;*=7*51.(&9*=8&251*8= <*7*=9&0*3=2439-1>='>=2*&38=4+=&=V&38V**3=,7&'=&3)=9-*3=8.*;*)=9-74:,-=&=*_/22=2*8-_= A11=9-*=2411:8(8=.3=9-*=8&251*8=<*7*=8479*)`=.)*39.Q=*)=&3)=(4:39*)_=T-*=9&=&=+4:3)=<*7*= ,74:5*)=&((47).3,=94=9-*.7=9745-.(=,:.1)`=1.+*=-&'.98=&3)=9-*=(42'.3&9.43=4+='49-=97&.98_=A3= &)).9.43&1=8&251*=<&8=9&0*3=94=)*9*72.3*=8*).2*39=(-&7&(9*7.89.(8`=&3)=5->8.(48(-*2.(&1= ;&7.&'1*8=4+=<&9*7=&3)=8*).2*39=<*7*=&184=2*&8:7*)_= F47= '49-= 89&9.438`= 9-*= &':3)&3(*= 4+= 842*= ,74:58= 8-4<*)= 8.,3.Q=(&39= (477*1&9.438= <.9-= &'.49.(=5&7&2*9*78=<-.(-=).)=349=(477*1&9*=8.,3.Q=(&391>=<.9-=9-*=5&7&2*9*78=4+=9-*=<-41*= &88*2'1&,*_=I3=49-*7=(&8*8`=<*=+4:3)=9-&9=9-*=8.,3.Q=(&39=(477*1&9.438='*9<**3=(*79&.3=&'.49.(= +&(9478=&3)=9-*=<-41*=&88*2'1&,*=<*7*=&(9:&11>=):*=94=9-*.7=(477*1&9.43=<.9-=431>=43*=47=842*= 4+=9-*=,74:58_=S42*=,74:58=*;*3=(4397&).(9*)=9-*=97*3)8=8-4<3='>=9-*=949&1=&88*2'1&,*`= (477*1&9.3,=<.9-=9-*=8&2*=&'.49.(=5&7&2*9*78=':9=.3=9-*=45548.9*=).7*(9.43_=T-*=7*8:198=+742= (*79&.3=,74:58=8:,,*89=.39*7*89.3,=97*3)8`=8:(-=&8=9-*=5488.'1*=.3R=:*3(*=4+=9-*=:5<*11.3,= )>3&2.(8=.3=8:85*38.;47*=2411:8(8_
T,*_O, GEOMALACUS=MACULOSUSa=WHY=IS=THIS=LUSITANIAN=SLUG=SPECIES= THRIVING=IN=A=COMMERCIAL=FORESTRY=PLANTATION=,**KM=NORTH=OF=ITS= PREVIOUSLY=KNOWN=DISTRIBUTION I3,&=R*.(-+`=K.2=OM*&7&+`=R47>=M(=D433*11,`=C.3)>=S2.9--`=M.0*=G472&11>+ +A551.*)=E(414,>=U3.9`=C*397*=+47=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*`=S(-441=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=NUI=G&1<&>`=G&1<&>`= I7*1&3)=.3,&.25*7.4 ,2&.1_(42`=0.242*&7&+ ,2&.1_(42`=2.0*_,472&11> 3:.,&1<&>_.* T,* ,D*5&792*39=4+=E3942414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&`=R.;*78.)*`=CA=3,/,+`=USA=7/2()433*11 ,2&.1_(42 -D*5&792*39=4+=M.(74'.414,>`=C*397*=+47=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*`=S(-441=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=NUI=G&1<&>`= G&1<&>`=I7*1&3)=(.3)>_82.9- 3:.,&1<&>_.* T-*=).897.':9.43=4+=9-*=K*77>=S1:,=G*42&1&(:8=2&(:148:8`=&=85*(.*8=5749*(9*)=:3)*7=EU= &3)=I7.8-=1&<`=<&8`=:39.1=7*(*391>`='*1.*;*)=94='*=1.2.9*)=94=3479-*73=I'*7.&=&3)=84:9-8 -.0 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
<*89= I7*1&3)_= H*7*= .9= 57*)42.3&391>= .3-&'.98= 4&08)42.3&9*)= 47= 2.=*)= )*(.):4:8= <44)1&3)=&3)=45*3=2447=47='1&30*9='4,_=H4<*;*7`=.3=J:1>=,*+*`=9-*=81:,=<&8=+4:3)= .3=&=(422*7(.&1=(43.+*7=51&39&9.43=.3=(4:39>=G&1<&>=I7*1&3)`=&'4:9=,**=02=3479-=4+= .98=57*;.4:81>=034<3=7&3,*=&3)=.3=&=-&'.9&9=+472*71>=349=&884(.&9*)=<.9-=9-.8=85*(.*8_= T-.8=574;.)*)=9-*=.3(*39.;*=94=:3)*79&0*=57*8*3(*=2=&'8*3(*=8:7;*>8=.3=.,=549*39.&11>= 8:.9&'1*=-&'.9&9=8.9*8=8.9:&9*)='*9<**3=9-*=47.,.3&1=&3)=9-*=3*<=).897.':9.43=&7*&8=.3= I7*1&3)`= ':9= 9-*= 57*8*3(*= 4+= G_= 2&(:148:8= (4:1)= 349= '*= (43Q=72*)= &9= &3>= 4+= 9-*= 8.9*8= .3;*89.,&9*)_=G.;*3=9-&9=9-*=85*(.*8=<&8=349=+4:3)=&3><-*7*=*18*`=7*8*&7(-=+4(:8*)=43= 9-*=7*(*391>=).8(4;*7*)=545:1&9.43=.3=9-*=(43.+*7=51&39&9.43=.3=C4_=G&1<&>a=T-*=85&9.&1= ).897.':9.43=&3)=-&'.9&9=7*6:.7*2*398=4+=9-*=K*77>=S1:,=<*7*=.3;*89.,&9*)=&3)=548.9.;*= (477*1&9.438='*9<**3=9-*=&':3)&3(*=4+=G_=2&(:148:8=&3)='7>45->9*=2=1.(-*3=(4;*7=&3)= 97**=(.7(:2+*7*3(*=&9='7*&89=-*.,-9=CBH=<*7*=+4:3)_=P7*1.2.3&7>=+**).3,=*=5*7.2*398= .3).(&9*)= 9-&9= 1.(-*38= &7*= 9-*= +&;4:7*)= +44)= 84:7(*= 4+= G_= 2&(:148:8_= G.;*3= .98= 1.0*1>= )*5*3)*3(>=43=1.(-*38=<-.(-=&7*=,*3*7&11>=247*=5741.Q=(=43=2&9:7*=(43.+*7=97**8`=9-*= *S=*(98=4+=(1*&7+*11.3,=43=9-*=85*(.*8=&7*=).8(:88*)_=A)).9.43&11>`=5&79.&1=8*6:*3(*8=4+=9-*= 2.94(-43)7.&1=+0S=7DNA=&3)=COI=,*3*8=<*7*=(425&7*)=+742=K*77>=S1:,=545:1&9.438= 8&251*)=+742=14(&9.438=.3=(4:39>=G&1<&>=&3)=9-*=84:9-8<*89=4+=I7*1&3)=&3)=7*8:198= 8:,,*89=9-&9=9-*=545:1&9.43=.3=(4:39>=G&1<&>=.8=.3974):(*)=7&9-*7=9-&3='*.3,=&=:3.6:*= 545:1&9.43_
T,*_O- MOVEMENTS=OF=THE=EUROPEAN=FLAT=OYSTER= OSTREA=EDULIS=LINNAEUS`=+1/2 C&88=B7421*>+`=E1.?&'*9-=C1&7*=A8-943+`=D&.=R4'*798, +Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=M&7.3*=L&'47&947>`=+,8+-=T-*=S97&3)`=P479&+*77>`=C4_=D4<3`= BT,,=+PF=N479-*73=I7*1&3)=*_&8-943 6:'_&(_:0 ,Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89`=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=L.8':73=R4&)`=B*1+&89`=BT3=1BE=N479-*73= I7*1&3) T-*=E:745*&3=R=&9=4>89*7=O897*&=*):1.8=L.33&*:8`=+1/2=-&8='**3=.)*39.Q=*)=&8=&=9-7*&9*3*)= &3)=)*(1.3.3,=85*(.*8=&3)=-&'.9&9=&3)=.8=5749*(9*)=:3)*7=9-*=.39*73&9.43&1=E:745*&3= OSPAR=C43;*39.43=&3)=3&9.43&11>=<.9-.3=9-*=U3.9*)=K.3,)42='>=&=S5*(.*8=B.4).;*78.9>= A(9.43=P1&3_=T-*=)*;41;*)=UK=,4;*732*398=E3,1&3)`=W&1*8`=S(491&3)`=&3)=N479-*73= I7*1&3)=34<=-&;*=94=2&.39&.3=&3)=*=9*3)=9-*=&':3)&3(*=&3)=).897.':9.43=4+=O_=*):1.8=&8= &=2&=*7=4+=(438*7;&9.43`=':9=:3:8:&11>=9-*>=&7*=&184=&=(422*7(.&11>=*=514.9*)=85*(.*8_= O;*7=9-*=5&89=+/*=>*&78=4>89*7=545:1&9.438=-&;*=)*(1.3*)=2&.31>=):*=94=4;*7*=514.9&9.43= &3)=5447=2&3&,*2*39=':9=49-*7=*=97.38.(=(4397.':947>=+&(9478=-&;*=&184='**3='1&2*)`= 8:(-=&8=5411:9.43`=).8*&8*=4:9'7*&08`=.3974):(*)=57*)&9478`=-&'.9&9=1488=&3)=8*;*7*=(41)= <.39*78_=T-*=)*(1.3*=.3=4>89*7=545:1&9.438=.3(7*&8*)=(422*7(.&1=24;*2*39=+47=7*1&>.3,= 47=438,74<.3,=&(7488=9-*=UK`=E:745*=&3)=94=49-*7=5&798=4+=9-*=<471)_=O:7=3*<=)&9&= 8:,,*89=9-&9=4>89*7=545:1&9.438=2&>='*=14(&11>=&)&59*)=94=*3;.7432*39&1=+&(9478`=8:(-= &8=9*25*7&9:7*`=&3)=-&;*=9-*3=1*)=94=&=14<=8:((*88=7&9*=.3=9-*.7=3*<=7*14(&9*)=&7*&b=9-.8= T,* 2&>='*=&=+&(947=9-&9=.8=1.2.9.3,=7*8947&9.43=4+=9-*=3&9.;*=4>89*7_= ABSTRACTS -.1
T,*_O. WASTE=RECYCLINGa=POTENTIALS=OF=RICE=BRAN=IN=CULTIVATION= OF=AFRICAN=GIANT=LAND=SNAIL=ARCHACHATINA=MARGINATA= PULMONATAa=STYLOMMATOPHORA B_N_=E/.).0* D*5&792*39=4+=W.1)1.+*=&3)=E(494:7.82=M&3&,*2*39`=F*)*7&1=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T*(-3414,>`=P_M_B=1*.`= A0:7*`=O3)4=S9&9*`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`=(&88&;&=5**1`=2&.?*=4S=&1`=A+7.(&3='7*&)+7:.9=8**)=-:11`=(4(4&=54)=-:80`= >&2= 5**1`= 8<**9= 549&94= 5**1= *2514>*)= .3= (4254:3).3,= 7&9.438= +47= &3.2&18= (439&.3= (&7'4->)7&9*8=&3)=2.3*7&18=9-&9=9-*=&3.2&18=3**)*)=+47=9-*.7=)&.1>=&(9.;.9.*8=&3)='4)>= 2&.39*3&3(*=&8=<*11=&8=*S=*(9.;*=2*&9=>.*1)_=T-*8*=&,7.(:19:7&1=<&89*=&8=+**)89:S=8=.3=9-*= 3:97.9.43=4+=83&.18=&.)8=.3=7*):(.3,=(489=4+=574):(9.43=&8=+**)=(4397.':9*8=:5=94=1*=4+= (489=4+=574):(9.43=.3=&3.2&1=+&72.3,_=
T,*_O/ RESPONSE=OF=JUVENILE=GIANT=LAND=SNAIL=ARCHACATINA=MARGINATA= FED=VARYING=LEVELS=OF=COCOA=POD=HUSK A_=I_=A)*>*24 D*5&792*39=4+=E(494:7.82=&3)=W.1)1.+*=M&3&,*2*39`=F*)*7&1=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T*(-3414,>`=A0:7*`=P_M_B_= 1*.`=N.,*7.&='.8.8&32. ,2&.1_(42 F7*8-= (4(4&= -:808= <*7*= (411*(9*)= +742= (4(4&= +&728= 3*&7= 9-*= F*)*7&1= U3.;*78.9>= 4+= T*(-3414,>`=A0:7*_=T-*=(4(4&=54)=-:808=<*7*=8:3=)7.*)=&3)=2.11*)=9-474:,-1>_=I9=<&8= 9-*3=2.=*)=&9=).S=*7*39=1*;*18=94=7*51&(*=2&.?*=.3=9-*=*=5*7.2*39&1=).*98_==T-*=574=.29*= &3&1>8.8=<&8=)*9*72.3*)_=T-*=(4(4&=54)=-:80=CPH=<&8=:8*)=94=7*51&(*=2&.?*=.3=9-*= ).*98=4+=/:;*3.1*=,.&39=1&3)=83&.18=A7(-&(-&9.3&=2&7,.3&9&_=.2=-&9(-1.3,8=4+=9-*=83&.1=<*7*= :8*)=+47=&=+**).3,=97.&1_=T-*7*=<*7*=+4:7=97*&92*398=<.9-=9-7**=7*51.(&9*8_=T-*7*=<*7*= +4:7=).*98=.3=<-.(-=2&.?*=<&8=7*51&(*8=&9=*`=,*`=.*=&3)=0*=CPH_=T-*=&3.2&18=<*7*=+*)= &)=1.'.9:2_=T-*=83&.1=5*38=<*7*=(1*&3*)=*;*7>)&>=<-.1*=9-*=84.1=.3=9-*=83&.1=5*38=<&8= (-&3,*)=+4793.,-91>_=T-*=*=5*7.2*39=1&89*)=+,=<**08_=T-*=+4114<.3,=5&7&2*9*78=<*7*= T,* )*9*72.3*)a=+**)=.39&0*`=<*.,-9=,&.3`=+**)=(43;*78.43`=*259>=8-*11=<*.,-9`=*).'1*=R=*8-= <*.,-9=&3)=8-*11=1*3,9-_=T-*=7*8:198=8-4<=9-&9=9-*7*=<&8=8.,3.Q=(&39=).S=*7*3(*=P0*_*/= .3=<*.,-9=,&.3`=+**)=(43;*78.43=&3)=<*.,-9=4+=*).'1*=R=*8-=431>='*9<**3=9-*=83&.18=+*)= 9-*= *= &3)= 0*= CPH= ).*98_= H4<*;*7`= 9-*7*= <&8= 34= 8.,3.Q=(&39= ).S=*7*3(*='*9<**3= 9-*= (439741= &3)= 9-*= ).*98= <-*7*= CPH= 7*51&(*)= :5= 94= .*= 1*;*1= 4+= 8:'89.9:9.43= .3= &11= 9-*= -.2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
5&7&2*9*78=9*89*)_=M479&1.9>=<&8=14<=.3=&11=9-*=).*98_=I9=<&8=(43(1:)*)=9-&9=(4(4&=54)= -:80=1.0*=2489=49-*7=+472=4+=<&89*=574):(98`=(4:1)=*&8.1>=7*51&(*=2&.?*=.3=9-*=).*9=4+= /:;*3.1*=,.&39=83&.1=<.9-4:9=&3>=).;*78*=*S=*(98=43=9-*=&3.2&1_
T,*_O0 DETECTION=OF=HEXAMERMIS=ALBICANS=NEMATODE=IN=SUCCINEA=PUTRIS= AMBERSNAIL=IN=HUNGARY A1*=&3)7&=J:-&8? D*5&792*39=4+=P&7&8.9414,>=&3)=Z4414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=V*9*7.3&7>=S(.*3(*8`=S?*39=I89;@3=U3.;*78.9>` I89;@3=:_=,`=B:)&5*89=+*12`=H:3,&7>=2&?8_=& 2&.1'4=_-: P&7&8.9*8=4+=83&.18=&7*=:3.6:*=47,&3.828=9-&9=)*;*145=431>=.3=9-*2=&3)=)4=349=.3+*(9= 49-*7= -4898_= M*72.9-.)= 3*2&94)*8= &7*= &= 85*(.&1= ,74:5= 4+= 9-*= 848(&11*)= 5&7&8.94.)= 47,&3.828`=<-.(-=0.11=9-*.7=-4898=):7.3,=9-*.7=)*;*1452*39_=T-*8*=5&7&8.9*8=-&;*=349= '**3=.3;*89.,&9*)=.3=H:3,&7>=84=+&7_=T-*=7*8*&7(-=4+=9-*8*=&6:&9.(=&3)=9*77*897.&1=<4728= .8=*=97*2*1>=).T==(:19='*(&:8*=9-*=&):19=85*(.2*38=(&3=431>='*=+4:3)=.3=84.1`=<-*7*=9-*>= 1&>=9-*.7=*,,8=&8=<*11_=A79-7454)8`=83&.18=&3)=1:2'7.(.)=<4728=9&0*=1&7;&*=4+=2*72.9-.)8= *2*7,*)=+742=*,,8=&3)=9-*=5&7&8.9.(=1&7;&*=,74<=94=&):19=89&,*=.38.)*=9-*2_ W*=)*9*(9*)=9-*=<472=H*=&2*72.8=&1'.(&38=9-&9=5&7&8.9.?*8=S:((.3*&=5:97.8=1&3)=83&.18=.3= 9-*=8<&25>=&7*&=4+=G*2*3(=+47*897>=.3=H:3,&7>_=W.9-=*=9*73&1=.385*(9.43=9-*=.3+*(9.43= 4+=83&.18=(&3349='*=7*(4,3.?*)=.3=9-*=&S=*(9*)=-489=.3).;.):&18_=S5*(.2*38=4+=83&.18=<*7*= (411*(9*)=&V=*7=&=-*&;>=8:22*7=7&.3`=<*=57*8*7;*)=9-*2=.3=&1(4-41`=&3)=).88*(9*)=9-*.7= 2&391*=(&;.9>=94=)*9*(9=9-*=<4728_= T-*=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=4+=9-*=<4728=<&8=5*7+472*)='>=2475-414,.(&1=&3&1>8.8=4+=57*&):19= 89&,*8=:8.3,=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=0*>8_=M.(748(45.(=81.)*=57*5&7&9.438=<*7*=57*5&7*)=8:.9&'1*= +47= 2475-414,.(&1= .385*(9.43= &3)= 8:'8*6:*39= 241*(:1&7= &3&1>8.8= 4+= <4728= <-.(-= <&8=7*24;*)=+742=9-*='4).*8=4+=-4898_=T-*=57*;&1*3(*=&3)=.39*38.9>=4+=5&7&8.9*8=<*7*= (&1(:1&9*)_= D*9*(9.43= 4+= 9-*= &):19= +4728= &3)= *,,8= 4+= H_= &1'.(&38= .3= 84.1= -&8= 349= '**3= 8:((*88+:1=84=+&7_ S*6:*3(*= 4+= +2S= 7DNS= 7*,.43= 4+= 9-*= <472= 8-4<*)= 14<= 8.2.1&7.9>= <.9-= 9-*= DNA= 8*6:*3(*8= 4+= 49-*7= M*72.9-.)= 85*(.*8= &;&.1&'1*= .3= G*3B&30_= T-.8= 574;*8= 9-*= :3.6:*= 548.9.43=4+=H_=&1'.(&38=&243,=49-*7=M*72.9-.)=<4728=<-.(-=)*;*145=.3=&79-7454)8_ R*2&70&'1*=+*&9:7*=4+=H_=&1'.(&38=.8=9-&9=:31.0*=49-*7=5&7&8.9*8=&8=97*2&94)*8`=9-.8=<472= )4*8=349=)&2&,*=9-*=7*574):(9.;*=8>89*2=4+=83&.18=):7.3,=.98=)*;*1452*39_=T-:8`=*,,8= (&3='*=+472*)='>=9-*=-489=83&.1`=)*85.9*=4+=9-*=+&(9=9-&9=9-*=5&7&8.9*=,74<8=.3=.9_=
T,* ABSTRACTS -.3
T,*_P+ SUBTIDAL=MOLLUSC=DIVERSITY=AND=SEDIMENTARY=FEATURES=IN=THE= HIGHLY=URBANIZED=RÍA=DE=FERROL=GALICIA`=NW=IBERIAN=PENINSULA J:&3=M47*.7&+`,`=G:.11*724=Dc&?8A,7&8,`=M&7(48=A'&),`=J:1.4=P&7&5&7- +D*59_=)*=B.414,c&=Z4414,c&`=F&(:19&)=)*=C.*3(.&8b=U3.;_=A:9342&=)*=M&)7.)`=C2=D&7<.3=,`=,2*.3`= C&394'1&3(4=M&)7.)`=S5&.3=/:&3_247*.7& :&2_*8 ,E89&(.3=)*=B.414=c&=M&7.&=)&=G7&&`=U3.;_=)*=S&39.&,4=)*=C425489*1&`=R0&=)&=R.'*.7&=+`=+//3*`= F*7741`=S5&.3=,:.11*724_).&? :8(_*8`=2&7(48_&'&) :8(_*8 -D*59_=)*=B.414=c&=A3.2&1`=B.414=c&=V*=*9&1=*=E(414=c&`=F&(:19&)*=)*=C.*3(.&8`=U3.;_=)&=C47:&`= R0&=)&=F7&,&=+*`=+/**2`=A=C47:&`=S5&.3=/5&7&5&7 :)(_*8 D.897.':9.43= &3)= (42548.9.43= 4+= '*39-.(= &88*2'1&,*8= )*5*3)= 43= 8:(-= +&(9478= &8= ->)74)>3&2.82=47=(42548.9.43=&3)=47,&3.(=2&=*7=(439*39=4+=9-*=8*).2*39_=I3=&)).9.43`= &39-7454,*3.(= &(9.;.9.*8= 8:(-= &8= 8*<&,*= ).8548&1`= )7*),.3,= &3)= :7'&3.?&9.43= 4+= 9-*= 8-47*1.3*=4V=*3=3*,&9.;*1>=&S=*(9='*39-.(=&88*2'1&,*8_=F47=.389&3(*`=9-*=(43897:(9.43=4+= 897:(9:7*8=5749*(9.3,=-&7'4:78=&3)=8.2.1&7=+&(.1.9.*8=2&>=7*8:19=.3=8.,3.Q=(&39=(-&3,*8=.3= 14(&1=->)74)>3&2.(8=&3)=9-*7*+47*=.3=8.19&9.43=&3)=47,&3.(=*37.(-2*39`=<-.(-`=Q=3&11>`= 1*&)= 94= 2&/47= (-&3,*8= .3= 9-*= '*39-.(= 897:(9:7*= *_,_= 1488= 4+= ).;*78.9>`= )42.3&3(*= 4+= 455479:3.89.(=85*(.*8_ T-*= G&1.(.&3= 7c&8= NW= I'*7.&3= P*3.38:1&= 8:55479= -.,-= '*39-.(= '.4).;*78.9>= '*(&:8*= 4+=9-*.7=5*(:1.&7=->)74)>3&2.(=7*,.2*8`=8*&843&1=:5<*11.3,8=&3)=).;*78.9>=4+=8:'9.)&1= -&'.9&98_= G74<.3,= -:2&3= (43(*397&9.43= 43= 9-*.7= 8-47*1.3*8= .8`= -4<*;*7`= 9-7*&9*3.3,= 9-*= 3&9:7&1= *3;.7432*39_= F47= .389&3(*`= 9-*= Rc&= )*= F*7741= .8= -.,-1>= .25&(9*)= '*(&:8*= 4+=9-*=(43897:(9.43=4+=9-*=2&88.;*=/*=>=94=8-*19*7=9-*=4:9*7=-&7'4:7=+&(.1.9.*8_=T-*=/*=>= -&8=&S=*(9*)=8.,3.Q=(&391>=9-*=(:77*39=5&=*738=9-*7*=&3)=2489=8*).2*39=-&8=34<&)&>8= 9:73*)=+742=8&3)=94=2:)_ T4= 9*89= 9-*= ->549-*8.8= 9-&9= &19*7&9.43= .3= 8*).2*39&7>= (43).9.438= ._*_= .3(7*&8*= .3= 8.192 (1&>=+742=4:9*7=94=.33*7=7c&=-&8=7*8:19*)=.3=.254;*7.8-*)='*39-.(=&88*2'1&,*8=+*<*7= ).;*78.9>b=-.,-=3:2*7.(&1=)42.3&3(*`=6:&39.9&9.;*=8&251.3,=<&8=)43*=.3=,*+*=&9=1*= 8:'9.)&1=8.9*8=-8-,=2=)*59-_=T-.8=>.*1)*)=247*=9-&3=+-/=).S=*7*39=2411:8(&3=9&=&=&3)= (&_=,,***=85*(.2*38_=T-*=2&.3=->549-*8.8=<&8=24891>=8:55479*)b=9-:8`=9-*7*=<&8=-.,-*7= 2411:8(=).;*78.9>=.3=9-*=(1*&3=(4&78*=&3)=2*).:2=8&3)=8*).2*398=89.11=57*8*39=&143,=9-*= 2&.3=(-&33*1=4+=9-*=7c&=&3)=4:9*7=&7*&8=9-&3=.3=.33*7=&7*&8=(477*8543).3,=94=2:))>= 8*).2*398`=<-.(-=/:89=8:55479*)=+*<=9&=&=24891>=9->&8.7.)=&3)=8*2*1.)='.;&1;*8b=9-*= 1&=*7=:8:&11>=8-4<*)=-.,-=3:2*7.(&1=)42.3&3(*8_=T-.8=-.,-1.,-98=9-*=3**)=4+=(&7*+:11>= 51&33.3,= <-*3= ':.1).3,= 43= 9-*= (4&891.3*= 94= &;4.)= &8= 2:(-= &8= 5488.'1*= .77*;*78.'1*= &19*7&9.438=4+=->)74)>3&2.(8=5&=*738=&3)=9-*7*+47*=1488=4+='.4).;*78.9>_
T,* -/* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T,*_P, MOLLUSCS=IN=AZOREAN=LAKESa=WARNING=FOR=EUTROPHICATION= P*)74=M.,:*1=R&548*.74`=Vc947=G43O&1;*8`=A3&=C7.89.3&=C489& CIBIO`=C*3974=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=*2=B.4).;*78.)&)*=*=R*(:7848=G*3S9.(48`=I3BIO=L&'47&97.4=A884(.&)4`= P14=)48=AO47*8=:=D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`= P479:,&1=7&548*.74 :&(_59`=;.947, :&(_59`=&((489& :&(_59 A?47*&3=+7*8-<&9*7=2&1&(4+&:3&=.8=5447`=(4257.8.3,=8.==85*(.*8=349=*;*31>=7*(47)*)= .3= &11= .81&3)8_= I3= 85.9*= 4+= 9-*= 431>= 7*(47)*)= '.;&1;*`= P.8.).:2= (&8*79&3:2= P41.`= +13+`= '*.3,=&=9-7*&9*3*)=85*(.*8=&((47).3,=IUCN`=&11=9-*=49-*7=,&897454)8=+4:3)=.3=A?47*&3= +7*8-<&9*7= 8>89*28= &7*= *.9-*7= &1.*3= 47= 3&9:7&1.?*)_= D:7.3,= 9-*= '.414,.(&1= 243.947.3,= 574,7&2=4+=.31&3)=8:7+&(*=<&9*78=,**28,*+,`=.9=<&8=4'8*7;*)=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=P->8*11&= &(:9&= D7&5&73&:)`= +2*/= &3)= F*77.88.&= +7&,.1.8= T&>147= +32+= 431>= .3= 9-*= )**5= 1&0*8= ).851&>.3,=*:9745-.(&9.43=*;.)*3(*8_=M411:8(8=57*8*3(*=.3=1&0*8=8>89*28=&184=-&8='**3= 1.30*)= 94= ;&7.4:8= <&9*78(-*2.897>= ;&7.&'1*8= *_,_= 5H`= (43):(9.;.9>`=949&1= 5-485-47:8= &3)=3.974,*3_=I3=9-.8=<470=<*=*=5147*=9-.8=.)*&='>=7*1&9.3,=9-*8*=,&897454)8=57*8*3(*= &3)= &':3)&3(*= .3= SD4= M.,:*1= 1&0*8= <.9-= 9-*= &'.49.(= 5&7&2*9*78= :8*)= 94= )*9*72.3*= *:9745-.(&9.43= 89&9:8= .3= 47)*7= 94= 9*89= 9-*= 5488.'.1.9>= 4+= 2411:8(8= 94= '*= (438.)*7*)= &8= *:9745-.(&9.43=.3).(&9478=.3=9-*=A?47*8_=T-*=89743,*89=(477*1&9.438=4'8*7;*)=.3=9-*=2*&3= &33:&1=&':3)&3(*=+47=9-*8*=9<4=85*(.*8=<*7*=<.9-=949&1=5-485-47:8=R-*_10b=50*_**+b= 3-+1=&3)=3.974,*3=R-*_03b=50*_**,b=3-+1_=T-*=)&9&=8:,,*89=9-&9=9-*8*=&1.*3=,&897454)8= (4:1)='*=5742.8*=(&3).)&9*8=94='*=.3(1:)*)=.3=&=7*,.43&1=2*97.(=+47=*(414,.(&1=6:&1.9>= &88*882*39_=
T,*_P- GASTROPODS=INDICATE=SEAGRASS=MEADOWS= AT=SAN=SALVADOR`=BAHAMAS S43/&=R*.(- N&9:7&1.8=B.4).;*78.9>=C*39*7`=P_O_=B4==3/+1`=L*.)*3`=,-**=RA`=T-*=N*9-*71&3)8=843/&_7*.(- 3&9:7&1.8_31 S*&,7&88=2*&)4<8=&7*=.25479&39=2&7.3*=*(48>89*28=.3=9*728=4+=574):(9.;.9>`=3:97.*39= (>(1.3,=&3)=8947&,*`=&3)=8*).2*39=89&'.1.?&9.43_=F:79-*7247*`=9-*>=574;.)*=-&'.9&9=+47= &=).;*78*=&88*2'1&,*=4+=&884(.&9*)=47,&3.828_=T-*=7*(4,3.9.43=4+=8*&,7&88=;*,*9&9.43= .3= 9-*= ,*414,.(&1= 7*(47)= .8= 574'1*2&9.(= '*(&:8*= 2&7.3*= &3,.485*728= 7&7*1>= +488.1.?*_= T-:8`=9-*=57*8*3(*=4+=5&1*488*&,7&88='*)8=4V=*3=-&8=94='*=.3+*77*)=+742=9-*=4((:77*3(*= 4+=&884(.&9*)=47,&3.828=<.9-=&=-.,-*7=549*39.&1=+47=+488.1.?&9.43`=+47=.389&3(*=2411:808_= M489=2411:80=9&=&=&7*=349=7*897.(9*)=94=8*&,7&88=2*&)4<8`=':9=2.,-9='*=5&79.(:1&71>= &':3)&39=.3=8*&,7&88='*)8_=T-*7*+47*`=9-*=85*(.*8=(42548.9.43=4+=<-41*=2411:80=+&:3&8= 3**)8=94='*=(438.)*7*)=<-*3=).89.3,:.8-.3,=5&1*488*&,7&88=2*&)4<8=+742=49-*7=2&7.3*= -&'.9&98_=I3=9-.8=89:)>=9-*=:9.1.9>=4+=9-*=+&:3&1=(42548.9.43=4+=,&897454)8=&8=&3=.3).(&947= 4+= 8*&,7&88= ;*,*9&9.43= <&8= 9*89*)= :8.3,= 57*8*398)&>= *(48>89*28_= G&897454)= )*&9-= T,* &88*2'1&,*8=+742=8-&114<=<&9*7=8*&,7&88=2*&)4<8=&3)=:3;*,*9&9*)=8&3)=R=&98=+742=S&3= S&1;&)47=I81&3)`=B&-&2&8=<*7*=':10=8&251*)=.3=J:1>=,*+,_=T<*39>=+4:7=89&3)&7).?*)= 3-,**=8&251*8=++.=.)*39.Q=*)=85*(.*8=<*7*=(425&7*)=.3=9*728=4+=85*(.*8=(42548.9.43_= M:19.;&7.&9*=&3&1>8.8=NMDS=&3)=ANOSIM=8-4<=&=8.,3.Q=(&39=).S=*7*3(*='*9<**3=9-*= 85*(.*8=(42548.9.43=4+=&88*2'1&,*8=+742=8*&,7&88=;*,*9&9*)=;*78:8=:3;*,*9&9*)=&7*&8_= F:79-*7247*`=8&251*8=)*7.;*)=+742=8*&,7&88=2*&)4<8=).S=*7=+742=9-48*=9&0*3=(148*8'>= ABSTRACTS -/+
9-*=;*,*9&9*)=?43*_=T-*8*=7*8:198=8:,,*89=9-&9=,&897454)=&88*2'1&,*8=2&>='*=&=:8*+:1= 574=>=4+=8*&,7&88=2*&)4<8=.3=9-*=+488.1=7*(47)_
T,*_P. THE=LAND=SNAILS=OF=A=PARTIALLY=RECLAIMED=ABANDONED= COAL=MINE=SITE J48*5-=A_=A77:)& D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=P.=8':7,=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>`=+1*+=S4:9-=B74&)<&>`=P.=8':7,`=KS=0010,=USA= /&77:)& 5.=89&9*_*): T-*= M43&-&3= O:9)447= E):(&9.43= C*39*7= C7&<+47)= C4:39>`= K&38&8`= USA= <&8= )*;*145*)=43=&=+472*7=&(9.;*=(4&1=2.3*=&3)=+&(.1.9>=+47=<&8-.3,=&3)=574(*88.3,=(4&1_= A9=9-*=9.2*=4+=7*(1&2&9.43`=9-*=8.9*=(439&.3*)=&5574=.2&9*1>=0.=-&=+0*=&(=4+='&77*3= 7*+:8*`=&=5&791>=*74)*)=(4&1=81:77>`=2.3*=854.18`=&=1&7,*=897.5=5.9=1&0*=&3)=8*;*7&1=82&11= &(.).(=5.98_=A=5479.43=4+=9-*=8.9*=-,_.=-&`=2*=&(=<&8=7*(4394:7*)=&3)=7*(1&.2*)=.3=+32.8 +32/=<.9-=&=51&39.3,=4+=&=2.=9:7*=4+=3&9.;*=85*(.*8=&3)=8-7:'8_=T*77*897.&1=,&897454)8= <*7*=(411*(9*)=&9=/-=14(&9.438=&243,=7*(1&.2*)=&3)=:37*(1&.2*)=&7*&8=+742=,**28,*+-_= T-*=14(&9.438=<*7*=,74:5*)=.394=+*=7*1&9.;*1>=-424,*3*4:8=?43*8=<.9-.3=9-7**=2&/47= -&'.9&98a= +4:7= <44)>= 3&9:7&11>= )*;*145*)= .394= &= 2.=*)= 4&02(*)&7= <44)1&3)`= +4:7= ,7&88>=9-*=&(9.;*=7*(1&2&9.43=&3)=842*=:37*(1&.2*)`=&3)=9<4=2.=*)=<44)>28-7:'2 ,7&88=?43*8=*.9-*7=*3(74&(-.3,=47=51&39*)_=A9=*&(-=14(&9.43`=&=8&251*=<&8=(411*(9*)= '>= =789=*=&2.3.3,=(4&78*=1*&+>=47=<44)>=)*'7.8=43=9-*=8:7+&(*=1&>*7=+8,=2,`=9-*3='>= ,&9-*7.3,=&5574=.2&9*1>=+=1.9*7=4+=8:7+&(*=8*).2*39=&3)=47,&3.(=2&=*7=+47=1&9*7=8.*;.3,= .3=9-*=1&'_=A=949&1=4+=,1=9&=&=<*7*=(411*(9*)_=M47*=9&=&=<*7*=(411*(9*)=+742=9-*=<44)1&3)= ,/=(425&7*)=94=9-*=,7&881&3)=.`=<.9-=9-*=2.=*)=;*,*9&9.43=8.9*8=.39*72*).&9*=+1_= T-*=3:2'*7=4+=9&=&=;&7.*)=&243,=9-*=<44)*)=&7*&8=+742=++8,*`=&243,=,7&88*)=&7*&8= +742= /8+,`= &3)= &243,= 9-*= 2.=*)= 8.9*8= +742= ++8+._= O31>= 43*= 9&=43= <&8= +4:3)= .3= &3= :37*(1&.2*)=,7&88>=&7*&_=G1>5->&1.3.&=.3)*39&9&=&3)=G&8974(459&=&72.+*7&=<*7*=9-*=2489= (422431>=(411*(9*)=85*(.*8=&3)=<*7*=+4:3)=.3=&11=9-7**=2&/47=-&'.9&98_=P:54.)*8=&1'.1&'7.8`= &3)=Z43.94.)*8=&7'47*:8`=E:(43:1:8=974(-:1:8=&3)=2*2'*78=4+=9-*=S:((.3*.)&*=<*7*=&184= (42243`=':9=Z_=&7'47*:8=&3)=E_=974(-:1:8=<*7*=431>=+4:3)=.3=9-*=<44)*)=&7*&8_=L&7,*= 541>,7.)8=<*7*=7&7*`=1.2.9*)=94=&'&3)43*)=8-*118=4+=M*84)43=(1&:8:8=&3)=M_=9->74.):8_
T,*_P/ ENVIRONMENTS=AND=DRILLING=PREDATION= IN=THE=PANAMA=EASTERN=PACIFIC=COAST H_=F479:3&94+`=S_=G398(-4<, +D*5&792*39=4+=N&9:7&1=H.8947>=S(.*3(*8=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=H400&.)4=U3.;*78.9>=N+*=W2=K.9&80:`= S&55474=*0*8*2+*`=J&5&3=-*1*3&+ 2&.1_8(._-40:)&._&(_/5 ,I389.9:9=+37=G*4<.88*38(-&V=*3`=C-7.89.&38A1'7*(-988U3.;*78.9C9`=L:)*<.,8M*>38S97_=+*`=D8,.++2=K.*1`= G*72&3>=8.1;.&,:*98(-4< ,2&.1_(42 P7*)&9.43=&3)=(425*9.9.43=51&>*)=&=+:3)&2*39&1=741*=9-74:,-4:9=9-*=-.8947>=4+=1.+*`= T,* .3R=:*3(.3,=9-*=).897.':9.43=&3)=&':3)&3(*=4+=47,&3.828=&9=9-*=*(48>89*2=1*;*1`=&8=<*11= &8=9-*=).;*78.9>=&3)=897:(9:7*=4+=(422:3.9.*8_=P7*)&947857*>=.39*7&(9.438=&184=574;.)*= &=:3.6:*=8>89*2=94=89:)>=3&9:7&1=8*1*(9.43=&9=9-*=.3).;.):&1=1*;*1_=D7.11.3,=57*)&9.43= .8= (42243= &243,= ,&897454)8_= B47*= -41*8= &7*= &':3)&39= &3)= *&8.*7= 94= 7*(4,3.?*= -/, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
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`=9&=4342.(=).897.':9.43=&3)=8:'897&9*=9>5*=&7*=).7*(91>=7*1&9*)_=P7*)&9.43= .39*38.9>=;&7.*8=+742=-/_+=.3=2:)=8:'897&9*8=94+-_*=.3=-&7)=8:'897&9*8=+47=,&897454)8`= &3)= +742= +1_-= 8= ._/= 7*85*(9.;*1>= +47= '.;&1;*8_= O3= 9-*= 49-*7= -&3)= .9= 8**28= 9-&9= ->)7414,>=._*_=:5<*11.3,=2=343=:5<*11.3,=-&8=34='.,=.3R=:*3(*=.3=57*)&9.43=.39*38.9>_= I3='49-=8:'897&9*8=,&897454)8=8-4<=&=2:(-=-.,-*7=57*)&9.43=.39*38.9>_=P7*>=8*1*(9.;.9>= 8**28=94='*=57*8*39=431>=(43(*73.3,=,&897454)8=&3)=8(&7(*1>=43='.;&1;*8_=N&9.(.)8=&7*= 9-*=)42.3&39=57*)&947=.3='49-=-&'.9&9=9>5*8_=M:7.(.)8=&7*=7*85438.'1*=+47=1*88=9-&3=+*= 4+=949&1=)7.11=-41*8=+4:3)=24891>=43=-&7)=8:'897&9*_=
T,*_P0 SHELL=VARIATION=IN=PATELLID=LIMPETSa=SCALES=OF=SPATIAL=VARIABILITY G:89&;4=M_=M&79.38+`,`=J4D4=F&7.&+`,`=M.,:*1=A_=F:79&)4-`.`=M&3:*1=E3*8.`=A3&=I_=N*94+`, +C*3974=I39*7).8(.51.3&7=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=M&7.3-&=*=A2'.*39&1=CIIMAR2CIMAR`=R:&=)48=B7&,&8=,23`= .*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1=,2&79.38 :&(_59`=/+&7.& :&(_59`=&3*94 :&(_59 ,CIRN=]=G7:54=)*=B.414,.&=M&7.3-&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=AO47*8`= P479:,&1 -U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8`=C&254=G7&3)*`=+1.38*+0`=L.8'4&`=P479:,&1======2&+:79&)4 -492&.1_(42 .G7:54=)*=B.414,.&=M&7.3-&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=AO47*8`=P479:,&1======*3*8_2&3*1 ,2&.1_(42 S5*(.*8=4+=9-*=,*3*7&=P&9*11&=,*3*7&11>=).851&>=&=-.,-=)*,7**=4+=8-*11=;&7.&9.43`=<-.(-=.8= 9-4:,-9=94='*=&3=&)&59&9.43=94=*3;.7432*39&1=(43).9.438_=T-*=57*8*39=<470=*=&2.3*8= 9-*= ;&7.&9.43= .3= 9-*= 2475-42*97>= 4+= 9-*= 9<4= 5&9*11.)= 1.25*98= 57*8*39= .3= 9-*=A?47*8= P&9*11&=(&3)*.=&3)=P_=&85*7&=&9=2:19.51*=85&9.&1=8(&1*8_=I3).;.):&18=4+='49-=5&9*11.)=85*(.*8= <*7*=(411*(9*)=43=9<4=8.9*8=.3=*&(-=4+=9-*=3.3*=.81&3)8=4+=9-*=A?47*8_=A11=.3).;.):&18=<*7*= 2*&8:7*)=94=*89.2&9*='&8*=*11.59.(.9>`='&8*=*((*397.(.9>`=(43.(.9>=&3)=(43*=*((*397.(.9>_= S-*11= ;&7.&9.43= .3= P_=(&3)*.= <&8= (438.89*39= &243,= ,74:58= 4+= .81&3)8= *&89*73`= (*397&1`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`= 9-*8*= 7*8:198= 8:,,*89=9-&9=;&7.&9.43=.3=8-*11=2475-42*97>=.3=9-*=9<4=5&9*11.)=.8=349=.3R=:*3(*)='>= T,* 1&7,*=8(&1*=574(*88*8=&8=<4:1)='*=*=5*(9*)=,.;*3=9-&9=P_=(&3)*.=&3)=P_=&85*7&='49-=-&;*= &=5*1&,.(=1&7;&*_=I3=&)).9.43`=9-.8=89:)>=8:,,*898=9-&9=8-*11=;&7.&9.43=.3=9-*8*=85*(.*8=.8= 1.0*1>=94='*=&=7*8:19=4+=&3=&)&59&9.43=94=14(&1=(43).9.438=*_,_=2.(74-&'.9&98_= ABSTRACTS -/-
T,*_P1 MALACOFAUNA=ASSOCIATED=WITH=MARINE=SPONGES= IN=THE=AZORES=ARCHIPELAGO A3)7*.&=C:3-&+`=A393.4=M_=F7.&8=M&79.38+`=A3&=C_=C489&+`=J4&3&=R_=X&;.*7+`, +CIBIO`=C*3974=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=*2=B.4).;*78.)&)*=*=R*(:7848=G*3S9.(48`=I3BIO=L&'47&97.4=A884(.&)4`= P14=)48=AO47*8=:=D*5&79&2*394=)*=B.414,.&=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`= P479:,&1=(:3-&3)7*.& ,2&.1_(42`=+7.&8 :&(_59`=&((489& :&(_59`=/=&;.*7 :&(_59 ,CEAB`=C*397*=)E89:).8=A;&3O&98=)*=B1&3*8`=CSIC`=C&2c=)&((S8=&=1&=C&1&=S_=F7&3(*8(`=+.`= +1-**=B1&3*8=G.743&`=S5&.3 M&7.3*= 8543,*8= P47.+*7&= 574;.)*= -&'.9&9`= 7*+:,*= &3)= +44)= 94= &= <.)*= ;&7.*9>= 4+= 47,&3.828=9-:8=51&>.3,=0*>=*(414,.(&1=741*8=.3='*39-.(=(422:3.9.*8_=T-*=2&(74+&:3&= &884(.&9*)=<.9-=9-7**=8543,*=85*(.*8`=;.?_=H&1.(143&=Q=89:148&=B4<*7'&30`=+200`=M>=.11&= 2&(748.,2&=B4:7>8E83&:19`=+31+=&3)=T*)&3.&=&3-*1&38=L.*'*703-3`=+2/3`=<&8=89:).*)= &3)=(425&7*)=<.9-=9-&9=.3-&'.9.3,=9-*=&)/4.3.3,=&1,&1=(4;*7_= M411:8(8=<*7*=8-4<3=94=(4389.9:9*=9-*=8*(43)=&3)=9-.7)=2489=&':3)&39=,74:5=&884(.&9*)= <.9-=9-*=&1,&*=&3)=9-*=8543,*8`=7*85*(9.;*1>_=A=949&1=4+=,*13=.3).;.):&18=<*7*=.)*39.Q=*)= &3)=&88.,3*)=94=02=9&=4342.(=:3.98=TU8`=7*57*8*39.3,=/,=,*3*7&`=-/=+&2.1.*8`=+,=47)*78`= &3)= -= (1&88*8_= T-*= &1,&18&884(.&9*)= 2411:8(&3= &88*2'1&,*8= <*7*= 247*= &':3)&39= ':9= *6:&11>=85*(.48*=N-+/1/b=S-=/-=9-&3=9-*=8543,*8&884(.&9*)=&88*2'1&,*8=N-/*.b=S-/,_= S.=9**3=TU8=<*7*=+4:3)=*=(1:8.;*1>=43=9-*=&1,&1=(4;*7`=<-*7*&8=+/=TU8=<*7*=431>=+4:3)= &884(.&9*)=<.9-=9-*=8543,*8_=T-.79>88*;*3=TU8=<*7*=8-&7*)=&243,=-4898_=T-*=85*(.*8= A2243.(*7&= 749&= F47'*8= ]= H&31*>`= +2/*`= B.=.:2= 3&3:2= M&>*7`= +20.= &3)= T7.(411.&= 5:11:8= &?47.(&= D&:9?*3'*7,`= +223= 89743,1>= )42.3&9*)= '49-= &88*2'1&,*8_= H&1+= 4+= 9-*= 85*(.*8=4((:77*)=.3=;*7>=14<=+7*6:*3(.*8=1*88=9-&3=-=.3).;.):&18_ T-*8*=Q=3).3,8=-.,-1.,-9=9-*=.25479&39=741*=9-&9=8543,*8=51&>=&8=-&'.9&9=+47=9-*=1.=47&1= 2&1&(4+&:3&=4+=9-*=&7(-.5*1&,4_
T,*_P2 HOW=AND=WHY=GASTROPOD=SHELLS=BECOME=REMODELED=HOMES= FOR=TERRESTRIAL=HERMIT=CRABS M&70=E_=L&.)7* D*5&792*39=4+=I39*,7&9.;*=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&`=B*70*1*>=+**/=V&11*>=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B1),=K-+.*= B*70*1*>`=CA=3.1,*8-+.*`=USA=21&.)7* '*70*1*>_*): G&897454)= 8-*118= 7*57*8*39= &= (7.9.(&1= 7*84:7(*= 9-&9= -*72.9= (7&'8= 4((:5>= &8= -42*8_= H4<*;*7`= 9*77*897.&1= -*72.9= (7&'8= )4= 349= 2*7*1>= 4((:5>= ,&897454)= 8-*118= 9-*>= &184= &7(-.9*(9:7&11>= 7*24)*1= 9-*2= 9-74:,-= &= 574(*88= 4+= 3.(-*= (43897:(9.43_= H*7*= I= )*9&.1= 9-*='*+47*8948&V=*7=(-&3,*8=.3=9-*8*=7*24)*1*)=8-*118=N*7.9&=8(&'7.(489&=&8=<*11=&8=49-*7= 85*(.*8= &3)= I= 57*8*39= &3= *(414,.(&1`= *;41:9.43&7>`= &3)= '*-&;.47&1= 8>39-*8.8= 4+= -4<= &3)=<->=9*77*897.&1=-*72.9=(7&'8=5*7+472=9-.8=3.(-*=(43897:(9.43=4+=,&897454)=8-*118_= I=7*5479=)&9&=+742=2>=143,89*72=89:)>=545:1&9.43=.3=9-*=Q=*1)=C4*34'.9&=(4257*88:8=.3= O8&=P*3.38:1&`=C489&=R.(&`=9-*=7*8:198=4+=1&'47&947>=*=5*7.2*398`=&3)=&=34;*1=8>39-*8.8= T,* 4+=.3+472&9.43=+742=9-*='74&)*7=1.9*7&9:7*_ C425&7*)=94=9-*.7=2&7.3*=&3(*89478`=9*77*897.&1=-*72.9=(7&'8=+&(*)=&=7&).(&11>=).S=*7*39= 8:.9*=4+=57*)&9478=&8=<*11=&8=8:'89&39.&11>=&19*7*)=14(4249.43=(4898=.3=9-*.7=3*<=9*77*897.&1= *3;.7432*39_= I3= 5&79.(:1&7`= 9-*= 97&38.9.43= +742= 8*&= 94= 1&3)= )7&2&9.(&11>= 7*1&=*)= -/. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
57*)&9.43=57*88:7*8=43=-*72.9=(7&'8`=<-.1*=&9=9-*=8&2*=9.2*=.3(7*&8*)=9-*=(489=+47=(7&'8= 4+=97&;*1.3,=<.9-=9-*.7=5479&'1*=-42*;9-*=,&897454)=8-*11_=N&9:7&1=8*1*(9.43=9-*7*+47*= +&;47*)=(7&'8=9-&9=7*24)*1*)=9-*.7=8-*118`=(7*&9.3,=9-.33*7`=1*88=5749*(9.;*=8-*118=9-&9= <*7*=1.,-9*7=94=(&77>_ M*(-&3.89.(&11>`= (7&'8= 8**2= 94= &((4251.8-= 7*24)*1.3,= ;.&= &= (-*2.(&182*(-&3.(&1= 8(:159.3,=4+=9-*=8-*11=.39*7.47`=<-.(-=*74)*8=9-*=(41:2*11&=&8=<*11=&8=2:(-=4+=9-*=.33*7= (&1(.:28(&7'43&9*=2&97.=_ U19.2&9*1>`=(7&'8=3.(-*=(43897:(9.43=-&8=(7*&9*)=34;*1=*;41:9.43&7>=57*88:7*8=43=9-*2`= 85*(.&1.?.3,=9-*2=94=.3-&'.9=7*24)*1*)=8-*118=&3)=(438*6:*391>=7&9(-*9.3,=:5=9-*.7=1*;*1= 4+=84(.&1.9>=+47=89*&1.3,=9-*=7*24)*1*)=574):(98=4+=+*114<=(4385*(.Q=(8_ G&897454)= 8-*118= 7*57*8*39= 9-*= (*397&1= *(414,.(&1= 9-*&97*= +47= 9-.8= *;41:9.43&7>= 51&>= &243,=-*72.9=(7&'8`=&=9-*&97*=9-&9=9-*=-*72.9=(7&'8=9-*28*1;*8=7*)*8.,3*)=94=9-*.7=4<3= 85*(.Q=(&9.438_
T,*_P3 OLD=HOSTS`=NEW=GUESTS=8=EUROPEAN=SNAILS=HOSTING= AMERICAN=LIVER=FLUKES_=AN=INTERIM=REPORT H*12:9=S&=2&33+`=C-7.8945-=H7<*,+`=L&7.88&=G&:'+`, +N&9:7&1=H.8947>=M:8*:2=V.*33&`=B:7,7.3,=1`=+*+*=W.*3`=A:897.&=-*12:9_8&=2&33 3-28<.*3_&(_&9`= (-7.8945-_-4*7<*, 3-28<.*3_&(_&9= ,M*).(&1=U3.;*78.9>=V.*33&`=I389.9:9*=4+=S5*(.Q=(=P745->1&=.8=&3)=T745.(&1=M*).(.3*`=K.3)*785.9&1,&88*=+/`= +*3*=W.*3`=A:897.&=1&7.88&_,&:' ,2&.1_(42= T-*= ,.&39= 1.;*7= R=:0*= F&8(.414.)*8= 2&,3&`= &3= .3;&8.;*= 97*2&94)*= D.,*3*&= 85*(.*8= 47.,.3&9.3,=+742=N479-=A2*7.(&`=<&8=7*(47)*)=.3=E:745*=Q=789=9.2*=.3=+21/=.3=I9&1>_=I3= A:897.&=.9=<&8=)*9*(9*)=.3=9-*=<.1)=+47=9-*=Q=789=9.2*=.3=9-*=>*&7=,***=&9=R.;*7=D&3:'*_= T-*= 1*88*7= 543)= 83&.1= G&1'&= 97:3(&9:1&`= &3= &:94(-9-434:8= 83&.1`= *;.)*3(*)= 94= &(9= &8= 83&.1=.39*72*).&9*=-489=.3=A:897.&b=(*7;.)8=<*7*=7*5479*)=&8=Q=3&1=-4898_=F47=&88*88.3,= 9-*=7.808=4+=857*&).3,=.9=.8=*88*39.&1=94=,*9=)&9&=&'4:9=&':3)&3(*=&3)=*(414,>=4+=-4898= &3)= *5.)*2.414,>= 4+= <4728_= A5574=.2&9*1>= +.`***= G_= 97:3(&9:1&= 83&.18= -&;*= '**3= .3;*89.,&9*)=5&7&8.9414,.(&1='>=).88*(9.3,_=M475-414,>=&3)=,*349>5.3,=<&8=:8*)=+47= 85*(.*8=)*1.2.9&9.43_ G_= 97:3(&9:1&= .8= &':3)&39= .3= &11= 5&798= 4+= 9-*= .3;*89.,&9*)= D&3:'*= R=44)= 51&.3= &7*&`= 57*+*7&'1>=&9=8-47*8=4+=814<=7:33.3,='7&3(-*8=4+=9-*=7.;*7_=M&.3=(*7(&7.&1=8-*)).3,=4+= F_=2&,3&=-&55*38=.3=2.)88.?*)=.3).;.):&18=&3)=4((:78=.3=2.)88:22*7_=P7*;&1*3(*=4+= F_=2&,3&=.3=83&.18=.8=14<=*_*-8*_,=(425&7*)=<.9-=57*;&1*3(*=.3=)**7=,*8+**_=G_= 97:3(&9:1&=4((:78=&184=.3=&)/&(*39=&7*&8=&9=R.;*7=L*.9-&`=':9=34=+&8(.41.)8=<*7*=+4:3)=.3= &557_=+`***=.3).;.):&18=(411*(9*)=9-*7*_=U39.1=34<`=431>=G_=97:3(&9:1&=-&8='**3=;*7.Q=*)= &8= .39*72*).&9*= -489= 85*(.*8= .3=A:897.&_= B:9= &= 3:2'*7= 4+= 49-*7= 1>23&*.)= 85*(.*8= &7*= 034<3= &8= -4898= +742= 9-*= 1.9*7&9:7*_= S.3(*= 83&.1= -4898= 2:89= '*= (438.)*7*)= 94= 51&>= &3= .25479&39= 741*= .3= 5&7&8.9*= ).85*78&1`= 49-*7= 549*39.&1= -4898= -&;*= '**3= .3;*89.,&9*)_= F.789=.3;*89.,&9.438=4+=L>23&*&=89&,3&1.8`=S9&,3.(41&=85_=&3)=R&).==85_=).)=349=*;.)*3(*= T,* +&8(.414.)8`= 3*.9-*7= .3= D&3:'*= R=44)= 51&.38= 347= .3= 3*.,-'4:7.3,= &7*&8_= N*;*79-*1*88= 9-*8*=3&9.;*=85*(.*8`=':9=&184=549*39.&1=.3;&)*78=1.0*=P8*:)48:((.3*&=(41:2*11&=8-4:1)='*= (438.)*7*)=&8=.39*72*).&9*=-4898_=I3;*89.,&9.438=<.11='*=(439.3:*)_= ABSTRACTS -//
T,*_P+* SHELLS=OF=THE=LIMPET=PATELLA=ASPERA=AS=HABITAT=FOR=EPIBIONTS J4D4=F&7.&+`,`=G:89&;4=M_=M&79.38+`=M.,:*1=A_=F:79&)4-`.`=A3&=I_=N*94+`, +C*3974=I39*7).8(.51.3&7=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=M&7.3-&=*=A2'.*39&1=CIIMAR2CIMAR`=R:&=)48=B7&,&8=,23`= .*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1=/+&7.& :&(_59`=,2&79.38 :&(_59`=&3*94 :&(_59 ,CIRN=]=G7:54=)*=B.414,.&=M&7.3-&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=AO47*8`= P479:,&1 -U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8`=C&254=G7&3)*`=+1.38*+0=L.8'4&`=P479:,&1======2&+:79&)4 -492&.1_(42 .G7:54=)*=B.414,.&=M&7.3-&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=AO47*8`=P479:,&1= A19-4:,-= 1.25*98= (&3= (439741= 9-*= &':3)&3(*= &3)= ).897.':9.43= 4+= &1,&*= &3)= 49-*7= 47,&3.828`=9-*.7=8-*118=(&3=4S=*7=&=7*+:,*=+47=9-*=*89&'1.8-2*39=4+=).;*78*=&88*2'1&,*= 9-&9= <4:1)= 49-*7<.8*= '*= *=(1:)*)_= I3= 9-.8= 89:)>`=<*= 2&0*= &= 57*1.2.3&7>= &3&1>8.8= 4+= 9-*=*5.'.49&=,74<.3,=43=8-*118=4+=9-*=1.25*9=P&9*11&=&85*7&_=I3).;.):&18=4+=P_=&85*7&=<*7*= (411*(9*)=.3=&11=.81&3)8=4+=9-*=A?47*8=&3)=9-*='.49&=43=9-*.7=8-*118=<&8=.)*39.Q=*)=&3)= 6:&39.Q=*)= 94= 85*(.*8= 1*;*1_=A= 949&1= 4+= +..= 85*(.*8= <&8= .)*39.Q=*)_= T-*= (42548.9.43= 4+= 9-*= *5.'.49&= &88*2'1&,*= ;&7.*)= &243,= .81&3)8= &3)= &243,= 14(&9.438= <.9-.3= .81&3)8_= T-*7*=<&8=&184=8.,3.Q=(&39=;&7.&9.43=.3=*5.'.49&=7.(-3*88=&9=9-*=8(&1*=4+=14(&9.438`=':9= 349=&9=9-*=8(&1*=4+=.81&3)8_=A=548.9.;*=&3)=-.,-1>=8.,3.Q=(&39=(477*1&9.43=<&8=&184=+4:3)= '*9<**3=*5.'.49&=7.(-3*88=&3)=8-*11=1*3,9-_=T-.8=89:)>=&))8=94=9-*=1.9*7&9:7*='>=8-4<.3,= 9-&9=9-*=8-*118=4+=P_=&85*7&`=&3=4;*78*=514.9*)=85*(.*8=.3=9-*=A?47*8`=8:55479=&=;*7>=7.(-= (422:3.9>=4+=&1,&*=&3)=.3;*79*'7&9*8=&3)=9-&9=9-.8=.8=(4397411*)='>=574(*88*8=45*7&9.3,= &9=2:19.51*=85&9.&1=8(&1*8=7&3,.3,=+742=2*97*8=&243,=.3).;.):&18=94=+**8=4+=0.142*97*8= &243,=.81&3)8_
T,*_P++ WHEN=MALACOLOGY=MEETS=MYCOLOGYa= MICROFUNGAL=COLONISATION=OF=EMPTY=CEPAEA=SHELLS D&,2&7=!.-4;@+`=Z*)3W0=J&34;80>,`=O3)$*.=K4:041, +D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=C-&71*8=U3.;*78.9>=.3=P7&,:*`=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=V.3.N3@=1`=CZ8+,2=..=P7&,:*`= C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=B7&39&_'*73.(1& 8*?3&2_(? ,D*5&792*39=4+=B49&3>`=C-&71*8=U3.;*78.9>=.3=P7&,:*`=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=B*3@980@=,`=CZ8+,2=*+=P7&,:*`= C?*(-=R*5:'1.(=Z*)*3*0J&34;80> 8*?3&2_(?`=4_04:041 8*?3&2_(? S4.1=&3)=1.=*7=(4143.?.3,=+:3,.=(&3=)*,7&)*=2&3>=3&9:7&1=2&9*7.&18`=.3(1:).3,=-.,-1>= 7*8.1.*39=5749*.3&(*4:8=(4254:3)8=4+=&3.2&1=47.,.3_=T-*=8-*118=4+=9*77*897.&1=,&897454)8= &7*= +472*)= +742= 8:(-= &= (4254:3)= (42'.3*)= <.9-= .347,&3.(= (&1(.:2= (&7'43&9*_= N*;*79-*1*88`=9-*=(4143.?&9.43=4+=*259>=8-*118='>=+:3,.=-&8='**3=-.9-*794=4;*71440*)_ W*=.3;*89.,&9*)=+:3,&1=(422:3.9.*8=(4143.?.3,=*259>=8-*118=4+=9-*=9*77*897.&1=,&897454)= C*5&*&=-479*38.8_=S-*118=<*7*=(:19.;&9*)=43=9-*=8:7+&(*=4+=1.=*7=+742=+4:7=).S=*7*39=+47*89= 9>5*8=:3)*7=.)*39.(&1=(43).9.438`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ÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
D:7.3,=9-*=8:7;*>`=&=3*<=+:3,&1=,*3:8=7*57*8*39*)='>=&=3*<=85*(.*8=P*39&89*7=(*5&*45-.1:8= P*?.?42>(49.3&=.3(_=8*)_=<&8=)*8(7.'*)_=T-.8=85*(.*8=.8=(-&7&(9*7.?*)='>=2*1&3.?*)`= 2:19.8*59&9*=89&:7485474:8=(43.).&=<.9-=Q=;*=&728_=T-*=(43.).&=&7*=:3.6:*=.3=9-&9=9<4= &728=+472=&=(*397&1=&=.8=&3)=9-7**=&728=897*9(-=+742=.98=(*397*_
T,*_P+, IMPACT=OF=EXTRACT=OF=EUPHORBIA=PULCHERIMA=AND=ATRIPLEX= NUMMULARIA=ON=THE=INFECTIVITY=OF=SCHISTOSOMA=HAEMATOBIUM= TO=BULINUS=TRUNCATUS=SNAILS=AND=HISTOLOGICAL=STRUCTURE= OF=HOST=SNAIL F_A_=B&07>+`=M&3&1=E18G&7->, +M*).(&1=M&1&(414,>=D*5&792*39`=T-*4)47=B.1-&7?=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=G.?&`=E,>59======F&>*?'&0*7> >&-44_(42= ,D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=C&.74=U3.;*78.9>`=G.?&`=E,>59=+&',**0/0 >&-44_(42= T-*=*S=*(9=4+=*=97&(9=4+=E:5-47'.&=5:1(-*7.2&=&3)=A97.51*==3:22:1&7.&=43=.3+*(9.43=7&9*= &3)=(*7(&7.&1=574):(9.43=4+=B:1.3:8=97:3(&9:8=.3+*(9*)=<.9-=S(-.894842&=-&*2&94'.:2`=&8= <*11=&8=43=9-*=+7**=1.;.3,=89&,*8=4+=9-*=5&7&8.9*=2.7&(.).&=&3)=(*7(&7.&*=<&8=89:).*)= 9-74:,-=9-*=-.89414,.(&1=897:(9:7*=4+=9-*=).,*89.;*=&3)=-*72&5-74).9*=,1&3)8=4+=9-*=-489= 83&.1_=
T-*=7*8:198=8-4<*)=9-&9=LC,/=4+=*=97&(9=4+=E_=5:1(-*7.2&=&3)=A_=3:22:1&7.&=(&:8*)=&= (438.)*7&'1*= 7*):(9.43= .3= 9-*= .3+*(9.;.9>= 4+= S_= -&*2&94'.:2= 2.7&(.).&= 94= 9-*= 83&.1_= I9= (&:8*)= 7*):(9.43= .3= 3:2'*7= 4+= (*7(&7.&*= 5*7= 83&.1= ):7.3,= 9-*= 5&9*39= 5*7.4)= &3)= 9-*= 5*7.4)= 4+= (*7(&7.&1= 8-*)).3,_= T-*= 2479&1.9>= 7&9*8= 4+= 2.7&(.).&= &3)= (*7(&7.&*= <*7*= *1*;&9*)=,7&):&11>='>=.3(7*&8.3,=9-*=*=548:7*=5*7.4)=94=*=97&(9=4+=9-*8*=51&398_=
E=548:7*= 4+= 83&.18= 94= LC,/= 4+= *=97&(9= 4+= E_= 5:1(-*7.2&= &3)= A_= 3:22:1&7.&= +47= ,= <**08= (&:8*)=&=,7*&9=)&2&,*=.3=9-*=*5.9-*1.&1=9.88:*8=4+=B:1.3:8=97:3(&9:8`=(*118=1489=9-*.7=7*,:1&7= 8-&5*`=&55*&7*)=*259>=4+=(>9451&82`=8-4<.3,=8*;*7&1=;&(:41&9.438`=).8&55*&7&3(*=4+= 8*(7*947>= (*118= +742= 9-*= ).,*89.;*= 9:':1*8= &3)= 9-*= (433*(9.;*= 9.88:*= '*9<**3= 8-7:30= &(.3.=<&8=)&2&,*)_=T-*=57*8*39=7*8:198=8-4<*)=8*;*7*=)&2&,*8`=4';.4:8=)*,*3*7&9.43= 4+= 2489= ,&2*94,*3.(= 89&,*8= &3)= .3-.'.9.43= 4+= 85*72&94,*3*8.8= &3)= 44(>9*8= .3= 9-*=
-*72&5-74).9*=,1&3)=4+=B:1.3:8=97:3(&9:8=&V=*7=,=<**08=4+=*=548:7*=94=LC,/=4+=*=97&(9=4+=
9<4=51&398_=I9=<&8=(43(1:)*)=9-&9=9-*=&551.(&9.43=4+=LC,/=4+=*=97&(9=4+=E_=5:1(-*7.2&=&3)= A_=3:22:1&7.&=2&>='*=-*15+:1=.3=83&.1=(439741=&8=.9=.39*7+*7*8=<.9-=9-*=83&.18=-.89414,>_
T,*_P+- DETECTION=OF=HEXAMERMIS=ALBICANS=NEMATODE=IN= SUCCINEA=PUTRIS=AMBERSNAIL=IN=HUNGARY A1*=&3)7&=J:-&8? D*5&792*39=4+=P&7&8.9414,>=&3)=Z4414,>`=F&(:19>=4+=V*9*7.3&7>=S(.*3(*8`=S?*39=I89;@3=U3.;*78.9>`= I89;@3=:_=,`=B:)&5*89=+*12`=H:3,&7>=2&?8_=& 2&.1'4=_-: T,* P&7&8.9*8=4+=83&.18=&7*=:3.6:*=47,&3.828=9-&9=)*;*145=431>=.3=9-*2=&3)=)4=349=.3+*(9= 49-*7= -4898_= M*72.9-.)= 3*2&94)*8= &7*= &= 85*(.&1= ,74:5= 4+= 9-*= 848(&11*)= 5&7&8.94.)= 47,&3.828`=<-.(-=0.11=9-*.7=-4898=):7.3,=9-*.7=)*;*1452*39_=T-*8*=5&7&8.9*8=-&;*=349= '**3=.3;*89.,&9*)=.3=H:3,&7>=84=+&7_=T-*=7*8*&7(-=4+=9-*8*=&6:&9.(=&3)=9*77*897.&1=<4728= .8=*=97*2*1>=).T==(:19='*(&:8*=9-*=&):19=85*(.2*38=(&3=431>='*=+4:3)=.3=84.1`=<-*7*=9-*>= ABSTRACTS -/1
1&>=9-*.7=*,,8=&8=<*11_=A79-7454)8`=83&.18=&3)=1:2'7.(.)=<4728=9&0*=1&7;&*=4+=2*72.9-.)8= *2*7,*)=+742=*,,8=&3)=9-*=5&7&8.9.(=1&7;&*=,74<=94=&):19=89&,*=.38.)*=9-*2_ W*=)*9*(9*)=9-*=<472=H*=&2*72.8=&1'.(&38=9-&9=5&7&8.9.?*8=S:((.3*&=5:97.8=1&3)=83&.18=.3= 9-*=8<&25>=&7*&=4+=G*2*3(=+47*897>=.3=H:3,&7>_=W.9-=*=9*73&1=.385*(9.43=9-*=.3+*(9.43= 4+=83&.18=(&3349='*=7*(4,3.?*)=.3=9-*=&S=*(9*)=-489=.3).;.):&18_=S5*(.2*38=4+=83&.18=<*7*= (411*(9*)=& =*7=&=-*&;>=8:22*7=7&.3`=<*=57*8*7;*)=9-*2=.3=&1(4-41`=&3)=).88*(9*)=9-*.7= 2&391*=(&;.9>=94=)*9*(9=9-*=<4728_= T-*=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=4+=9-*=<4728=<&8=5*7+472*)='>=2475-414,.(&1=&3&1>8.8=4+=57*&):19= 89&,*8=:8.3,=.)*39.Q=(&9.43=0*>8_=M.(748(45.(=81.)*=57*5&7&9.438=<*7*=57*5&7*)=8:.9&'1*= +47= 2475-414,.(&1= .385*(9.43= &3)= 8:'8*6:*39= 241*(:1&7= &3&1>8.8= 4+= <4728= <-.(-= <&8=7*24;*)=+742=9-*='4).*8=4+=-4898_=T-*=57*;&1*3(*=&3)=.39*38.9>=4+=5&7&8.9*8=<*7*= (&1(:1&9*)_= D*9*(9.43= 4+= 9-*= &):19= +4728= &3)= *,,8= 4+= H_= &1'.(&38= .3= 84.1= -&8= 349= '**3= 8:((*88+:1=84=+&7_ S*6:*3(*= 4+= +2S= 7DNS= 7*,.43= 4+= 9-*= <472= 8-4<*)= 14<= 8.2.1&7.9>= <.9-= 9-*= DNA= 8*6:*3(*8= 4+= 49-*7= M*72.9-.)= 85*(.*8= &;&.1&'1*= .3= G*3B&30_= T-.8= 574;*8= 9-*= :3.6:*= 548.9.43=4+=H_=&1'.(&38=&243,=49-*7=M*72.9-.)=<4728=<-.(-=)*;*145=.3=&79-7454)8_ R*2&70&'1*=+*&9:7*=4+=H_=&1'.(&38=.8=9-&9=:31.0*=49-*7=5&7&8.9*8=&8=97*2&94)*8`=9-.8=<472= )4*8=349=)&2&,*=9-*=7*574):(9.;*=8>89*2=4+=83&.18=):7.3,=.98=)*;*1452*39_=T-:8`=*,,8= (&3='*=+472*)='>=9-*=-489=83&.1`=)*85.9*=4+=9-*=+&(9=9-&9=9-*=5&7&8.9*=,74<8=.3=.9_=
T,*_P+. TOXICITY=OF=PARAQUAT=HERBICIDE=TO=SOME=PHYSIOLOGICAL= AND=MOLECULAR=ASPECTS=OF=BULINUS=TRUNCATUS=SNAILS= AS=A=BIOINDICATOR F&>*?=A_=B&07> M*).(&1=M&1&(414,>=D*5&792*39`=T-*4)47=B.1-&7?=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=G.?&`=E,>59======F&>*?'&0*7> >&-44_(42= P&7&6:&9=-&8='**3=)*243897&9*)=94='*=&=-.,-1>=94=.(=(4254:3)=+47=-:2&38=&3)=&3.2&18= &3)=2&3>=(&8*8=4+=&(:9*=54.843.3,=&3)=)*&9-=-&;*='**3=7*5479*)=4;*7=9-*=5&89=+*<= )*(&)*8_=T-*=57*8*39=89:)>=<&8=:3)*79&0*3=94=*;&1:&9*=94=.(.9>=P&7&6:&9=94='.4(-*2.(&1= &3)=241*(:1&7=&85*(98=4+=B:1.3:8=97:3(&9:8=83&.18_=I9=<&8=+4:3)=9-&9`=9-*=,1:(48*=1*;*1= .3=-*241>25-=4+=*=548*)=83&.18=<&8=*1*;&9*)=<-.1*=9-*=,1>(4,*3=8-4<*)=&=)*(7*&8*= .3=84 ==9.88:*8=<-*3=(425&7*)=<.9-=9-*=(439741=,74:5_=I3=&)).9.43`=9-*=&(9.;.9>=1*;*1= 4+= 842*= *3?>2*8= 7*57*8*39.3,= ,1>(41>9.(= *3?>2*8= &8= -*=40.3&8*= HK`= 5>7:;&9*= 0.3&8*= PK`= `5-485-4+7:(940.3&8*= PFK`= 1&(9&9*= )*->)74,*3&8*= LDH`&3)= ,1:(48*= 5-485-&9*=.842*7&8*=GPI_=T-*=(-&3,*8=.3=9-*=3:2'*7`=548.9.43=&3)=.39*38.9>=4+=DNA= '&3)8=.3):(*)='>=P&7&6:&9=-*7'.(.)*=2&>='*=&=7.':9*)=94=9-*=+&(9=9-&9=-*7'.(.)*=(&3= .3):(*=,*3494=.(.9>=9-74:,-=DNA=)&2&,*_=T-:8=9-*=57*8*39=89:)>=.3).(&9*)=9-&9=9-*= ,*3494=.(.9>= 574):(98= &9= 14<= (43(*397&9.43= &3)= +47= 143,= 9.2*= 97*&92*39= 8-4<*)= 9-*= -&?&7)=4+=-*7'.(.)*=&)).(9.43=43=2&3=1.+*_=
T,* -/2 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T,+ T,+_O+ HYPOXIA=TOLERANCE=OF=JUMBO=SQUIDS=DOSIDICUS=GIGAS= IN=THE=EASTERN=PACIFIC=OXYGEN=MINIMUM=ZONESa= PHYSIOLOGICAL=AND=BIOCHEMICAL=MECHANISMS K&9/&=T73'*3'&N= +`=B7&)=A_=S*.'*1,`=R:.=R48&+ +L&'47&97.4=M&7c9.24=)&=G:.&`=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`= A;_=N488&=S*3-47&=)4=C&'4`=3-3`=,1/*8-1.=C&8(&.8`=P479:,&1=0/97:'*3'&(- +(_:1_59 ,C*39*7=+47=B.49*(-3414,>=&3)=L.+*=S(.*3(*8`=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=R-4)*=I81&3)`=+,*= F1&,,=R4&)`=K.3,8943`=RI=*,22+`=USA T-*= H:2'41)9= /:2'4= 86:.)`= D48.).(:8= ,.,&8`= .8= &= 1&7,*= 4(*&3.(= 86:.)= *3)*2.(= 4S== 9-*=E&89*73=T745.(&1=P&(.Q=(=9-&9=:3)*79&0*8=).*1=;*79.(&1=2.,7&9.438=.394=2*845*1&,.(= 4=>,*3= 2.3.2:2= ?43*8= OMZ8= &3)`= 9-*7*'>`= *3(4:39*78= 4=>,*3= 1*;*18= '*14<= .98= (7.9.(&1=4=>,*3=5&79.&1=57*88:7*_=T4='*=*7=:3)*789&3)=9-*='.4(-*2.(&1=&3)=5->8.414,.(&1= 897&9*,.*8= 94= 8:7;.;*= 8:(-= -&78-= (43).9.438`= <*= *=548*)= D_= ,.,&8= 94= 4=>,*3= 1*;*18= +4:3)= .3= 9-*= OMZ= += 0P&`= +* C= &3)= .3;*89.,&9*)= .= 4=>,*3= :59&0*= &3)= ;*39.1&947>= 2*(-&3.828`=..=4=>,*3=(438:259.43=7&9*`=...=&3&*74'.(=2*9&'41.(=5&9-<&>8`=&3)=.;= 9-*=549*39.&1=4+=2*9&'41.(=8:557*88.43_= U3)*7=*&71>=->54=.&=0+0*=2.3`=/:2'4=86:.)='7*&9-*= )**51> `=<.9-=247*=54<*7+:1= (4397&(9.438=&3)=*31&7,*)=.3R=&9.43=5*7.4)=7*):(*)=(4397&(9.43=+7*6:*3(>_=S:(-=)**58 '7*&9-.3,='*-&;.47=&3)=&=7*):(*)=7*1&=*)=2&391*=).&2*9*7=459.2.?*=4=>,*3=*=97&(9.43= *T==(.*3(>=:5=94=2,='>=+&;47.3,=).S=:8.43=5&9-<&>8_=F:79-*7`=)**58'7*&9-.3,=*3&'1*)= D_=,.,&8=94=5&88=9-*=8&2*=&24:39=4+=<&9*7=9-74:,-=9-*=2&391*=(&;.9>=5*7=5*7.4)=4+=9.2*= ._*_=89&'1*=;*39.1&947>=;41:2*=5*7=2.3:9*=9-&9=2.,-9=*=51&.3=.98=-.,-=&(9.;.9>=:3)*7=
8:(-= :3+&;47&'1*= O,= (43).9.438_=A9= 574,7*88.3,= ->54=.&= 1= +2*= 2.3`= &11= ;*39.1&947>=
574(*88*8= <*7*= 8.,3.Q=(&391>= 7*):(*)= *=(*59= +47= O,= *=97&(9.43= *T==(.*3(>= :5= 94= .*`= 574'&'1>='>=:8.3,=9-*=(411&78R=&5=8>89*2`=&3)=+4114<*)='>=&=1*9-&7,.(=89&9*`=&=(42243= 897&9*,>= 94= 8&+*= *3*7,>= *=5*3).9:7*= &3)= *=9*3)= 7*8.)*3(*= 9.2*= .3= OMZ8_=A3&*74'.(= *3*7,>=574):(9.43=;.&=*3*7,>=7*8*7;*=8947*=&3)=,1>(4,*3=)*51*9.43=.3(7*&8*)=1*`= ':9=(4:1)=349=(425*38&9*=9-*=*3*7,>=1488=):*=94=7*):(*)=4=>,*3=(438:259.43=7&9*8= 1*82*= 7*8:19.3,= .3= 2*9&'41.(= 8:557*88.43= ./80*_= T49&1= 5749*.3= (43(*397&9.438= )*(7*&8*)=34388.,3.Q=(&391>`=>*9`=4:7=57*8*39=Q=3).3,8=.3).(&9*=9-&9=D_=,.,&8=)*,7&)*`=&9= 1*&89=:3)*7=574,7*88.3,=->54=.&`=85*(.Q=(=2:8(1*=5749*.38=._*_=8&(9.3.3=&3&*74'.(&11>_= M47*4;*7`=9-*=:'.6:.9.385749*&842*=8>89*2=&3)=9-*=-*&9=8-4(0=5749*.3=3*=2&(-.3*7>= 8**2= 94= 51&>= &3= .25479&39= 741*= .3= ->54=.&= 941*7&3(*`= ':9= +:79-*7= .3;*89.,&9.438= &7*= 3*(*88&7>=94=).8(4;*7=9-*.7=+:11=549*39.&18=&3)=5&9-<&>8_
T,+ ABSTRACTS -/3
T,+_O, EVALUATION=OF=THE=GLUTATHIONE===S===TRANSFERASE=RESPONSE=TO= SEASONALITY`=POLYCYCLIC=AROMATIC=HYDROCARBON=PAH=AND=HEAVY= METAL=POLLUTANTS=IN=SACCOSTREA=CUCULLATA=BIVALVIAa=OSTREIDAE`= ALONG=THE=IRANIAN=COAST=OF=THE=PERSIAN=GULF N&7.2&3=A8&).+`=M4-&22&)=B_=N&'&;.+`=A+8-&7=B&7,&-.,`=A1.7*?&=S&+&-.*-+`= M*-7&3=M.741.&*.-`=E-8&3=T&;&84154:7. +D*5&792*39=4+=M&7.3*=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M&7.3*=S(.*3(*=&3)=T*(-3414,>`=K-477&28-&-7`=I7&3= 3&7.2&3&0/ ,2&.1_(42`=3&'&;.8-.'& >&-44_(42`=8&+&-.*- -492&.1_(42 ,T-*=P*78.&3=G:1+=M&7.3*=B.49*(-3414,>=R*8*&7(-=C*39*7`=M*).(&1=U3.;*78.9>=4+=B:8-*-7`=B:8-*-7`=I7&3= &'&7,&-. >&-44_(42 -F&(:19>=4+=S(.*3(*`=D*5&792*39=4+=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=I8+&-&3`=I8+&-&3`=I7&3=2.741.&*. 8(._:._&(_.7 .P*78.&3=G:1+=R*8*&7(-=&3)=S9:)>=C*39*7`=P*78.&3=G:1+=U3.;*78.9>`=B:8-*-7`=I7&3======*-8&39&;&884154:7 ,2&.1_(42= B.;&1;*8=&7*=43*=4+=9-*=2489=<*118034<3='.4.3).(&9478=:8*)=+47=&88*88.3,=9-*=&6:&9.(= *3;.7432*39&1= 5411:9.43_= A19-4:,-= 9-*= &3.2&18= &7*= &'1*= 94= -.,-1>= &((:2:1&9*= (439&2.3&398=<.9-4:9=&3>=54.8434:8=*S=*(98=':9=9-*>=:8:&11>=*2514>=842*=)*94=.Q=(&9.43= 2*(-&3.828=94=(45*=<.9-=9-*=&);*78*=.3R=:*3(*8=4+=8:(-=(-*2.(&18_=I3=9-*=89:)>`=<*= &88&>*)= 9-*= 1*;*1= &(9.;.9>= 4+= '.497&38+472&9.43= *3?>2*`= G1:9&9-.43*= ==S= ==97&38+*7&8*= GST=+47=9-*=Q=789=9.2*=.3=74(0=4>89*7`=S&((4897*&=(:(:11&9&`=94=)*9*72.3*=.+=.9=(4:1)='*=&= 8:.9&'1*='.42&70*7=+47=541>(>(1.(=&742&9.(=->)74(&7'438=PAH8=&3)=-*&;>=2*9&18_=F47= 9-.8`=9-*=PAH8=(43(*397&9.43=&8=<*11=&8=(&)2.:2=C)`=(-742.:2=C7=&3)=(455*7=C:= 1*;*18=<*7*=&3&1>?*)=.3=<-41*=9.88:*=4+=9-*=85*(.*8=.3=9-7**=89&9.438=&3)=9<4=8*&8438= <&72=&3)=(41)=&143,=9-*=I7&3.&3=(4&89=4+=P*78.&3=G:1+_=O:7=7*8:198=.3).(&9*)=9-*=GST= &(9.;.9>=-&)=9-*=2&=.2:2=&3)=2.3.2:2=(477*1&9.43=<.9-=C:=7=-=*_2-=&3)=PAH8=7=-= *_*12`=7*85*(9.;*1>_=I9=<&8=4'8*7;*)=9-&9=9-*=(43(*397&9.43=4+=-*&;>=2*9&18=.3=<.39*7= &3)=8:22*7=.8=5&7&11*1*)=<.9-=9-*=GST=&(9.;.9>=.3=9-*=8*&8438_=O3=9-*=49-*7=-&3)`=PAH= (4254:3)8=1*;*1=<&8=.3).7*(91>=7*1*;&39=94=GST=.3='49-=8*&8438_=T&0.3,=.394=&((4:39=4+= &11=9-*=)&9&`=.9=8**28=9-&9=GST=(4:1)='*=5*7(*.;*)=&8=&=247*=&557457.&9*='.42&70*7=+47= -*&;>=2*9&18=5411:9.43=9-&3=PAH=(439&2.3&398_
T,+_O- OXIDASES=AND=DEHYDROGENASES=METABOLIZING=MANNITOL=AND= OTHER=ALCOHOLS=IN=THE=DIGESTIVE=GLAND=OF=GASTROPODS A1*=&3)7*=L4'48)&8C:3-&+`,`=D.4,4=C&7;&1-4+`=G43O&14=C&1&)4- +I389.9:9*=4+=B.42*).(&1=S(.*3(*8=A'*1=S&1&?&7=ICBAS`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=P4794`=7:&=J47,*=V.9*7'4=F*77*.7&= ,,2`=.*/*8-+-=P4794`=P479:,&1=&1(:3-& .('&8_:5_59 ,I39*7).8(.51.3&7>=C*397*=4+=M&7.3*=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=R*8*&7(-=CIIMAR2CIMAR`=7:&=)48=B7&,&8=,23`= .*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1 -L:845-43*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H:2&3.9.*8=&3)=T*(-3414,.*8`=&;_=)4=C&254=G7&3)*`=-10`=+1.38*,.=L.8'43`= P479:,&1=,43(&14_(&1&)4 :1:84+43&_59 M&33.941=.8=&=0=(&7'43=541>&1(4-41=57*8*39=.3=&1,&*`=+:3,.=&3)=51&398`='*.3,=43*=4+=9-*= 2489=&':3)&39=8:,&7=&1(4-418=.3=3&9:7*_=I3=2&3>=85*(.*8=9-.8=(4254:3)=.8=&=8947&,*= 8:'89&3(*`=':9=.9=.8=&184=.25479&39=+47=48247*,:1&9.43=&3)=2&>=&(9=&8=&=8(&;*3,*7=4+= T,+ 7*&(9.;*= 4=>,*3= 85*(.*8_= T-:8`= *3?>2*8= (&5&'1*= 4+= (43;*79.3,= 2&33.941= 57*8*39= .3= &1,&*= &3)= 51&398= .394= 8:,&7= <.11= '*= ;&1:&'1*= +47= -*7'.;474:8= ,&897454)8_= M&33.941= -0* AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
4=.)&8*`=&3=*3?>2*=9-&9=(&9&1>8*8=9-*=4=.)&9.43=4+=D82&33.941=:8.3,=241*(:1&7=4=>,*3= &8= ->)74,*3= &((*5947= ,*3*7&9.3,= 2&3348*= &3)= ->)74,*3= 5*74=.)*`= <&8= 57*;.4:81>= 7*5479*)=.3=9-*=).,*89.;*=,1&3)=&3)=(745=4+=-*7'.;474:8=1&3)=83&.18=H*9*74'7&3(-.&`= S9>1422&945-47&=&3)=.3=9-*=).,*89.;*=,1&3)=4+=9-*=2&7.3*=-*7'.;47*=A51>8.&=)*5.1&38= H*9*74'7&3(-.&`=E:45.89-4'7&3(-.&_=T-*=(:77*39=89:)>=&184=7*;*&1*)=2&33.941=4=.)&8*= &(9.;.9>=.3=9-*=).,*89.;*=,1&3)=4+=49-*7=-*7'.;47*8`=3&2*1>=9-*=(&*34,&897454)=L.=47.3&= 1.=47*&=&3)=9-*=-*9*74'7&3(-8=S.5-43&7.&=5*(9.3&9&=&3)=P1&347'&7.:8=(473*:8_=T-.8=*3?>2*= <&8=3*.9-*7=)*9*(9*)=.3=9-*=).,*89.;*=,1&3)=4+=9-*=(&73.;474:8=(&*34,&897454)8=N:(*11&= 1&5.11:8`=N&88&7.:8=7*9.(:1&9:8=&3)=O(*3*'7&=*7.3&(*&`=347=.3=9-*=-*7'.;47*8=P&9*11&=;:1,&9&= P&9*114,&897454)&=&3)=O8.1.3:8=1.3*&9:8=V*9.,&897454)&_=N*;*79-*1*88`=9-*8*=9<4=1&89= 85*(.*8= (439&.3*)= &= -.,-= 2&33.941= )*->)74,*3&8*= &(9.;.9>= .3= 9-*= ).,*89.;*= ,1&3)_= I3= 9-.8=(&8*`=NAD(=.8=9-*=->)74,*3=&((*5947_=M47*4;*7`=2&33.941=)*->)74,*3&8*=&(9.;.9>= <&8=)*9*(9*)=.3=9-*=).,*89.;*=,1&3)=4+=8*;*7&1=49-*7=,&897454)8_=E3?>2&9.(=&(9.;.9.*8= <*7*= &184= .3;*89.,&9*)= <.9-= 49-*7= &1(4-418_= S.,3.Q=(&39= 4=.)&8*= &3)= )*->)74,*3&8*= &(9.;.9.*8=<*7*=7*(47)*)=<.9-=9-*=&742&9.(=(.33&2>1=&1(4-41=.3=&11=85*(.*8=9*89*)=84=+&7_= E9-&341=4=.)&8*=&(9.;.9>=<&8=)*9*(9&'1*=431>=.3=842*=85*(.*8_=D*->)74,*3&8*=&(9.;.9.*8= (4:1)=&184='*=)*9*(9*)=<.9-=D8847'.941`=,8':9&341`=,1>(*741=&3)=*9-&341=&8=8:'897&9*8_= A;&.1&'1*= )&9&= 8:,,*89= 9-&9= 2&33.941= 4=.)&8*= .8= 57*8*39= .3= 9-*= ).,*89.;*= ,1&3)= 4+= -*7'.;474:8= (&*34,&897454)8= &3)= -*9*74'7&3(-8`= ':9= 2&33.941= )*->)74,*3&8*= -&8= &= <.)*7=5->14,*3*9.(=).897.':9.43_=I3=,&897454)8`=&1(4-41=)*->)74,*3&8*8=2*9&'41.?*=&= <.)*7=7&3,*=4+=8:'897&9*8=9-&3=&1(4-41=4=.)&8*8_
T,+_O. PLATINUM8INDUCED=SHELL=INTERNALIZATION=IN=THE=RAMSHORN=SNAIL= MARISA=CORNUARIETIS L*43.*=M&78N=3*7+`=J:1.&3=S9&3.*0,`=S.10*=SN=:89*7,`=R.9&=T7.*'80473,`-`=H*.3?8R_=K-1*7, +A3.2&1=P->8.414,.(&1=E(414,>`=I389.9:9*=4+=E;41:9.43=&3)=E(414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=T3'.3,*3`= D81,*1,=T3'.3,*3`=G*72&3>=1*43.*_2&78(-3*7 :3.89:*'.3,*3_)*`=/:1.&3_89&3.*0 <*'_)*`======8.10*_8(-:89*7 89:)*39_:3.89:*'.3,*3_)*`=89?_4*0494= ,2=_)*`=-*.3?87_04*-1*7 :3.89:*'.3,*3_)* ,T7&38+*7=C*39*7=E(494=.(414,>=&3)=E(45->8.414,>`=D81,+*2=R4=*3':7,`=G*72&3>= T4=.(= 8:'89&3(*8= 1.0*= -*&;>= 2*9&18= (&3= .3-.'.9= &3)= ).87:59= 9-*= 3472&1= *2'7>43.(= )*;*1452*39=4+=47,&3.828_=H.,-=51&9.3:2=(43(*397&9.438=(&3=57*;*39=9-*=+472&9.43= 4+= &3= *=9*73&1= 8-*11= ):7.3,= M&7.8&= (473:&7.*9.8= *2'7>4,*3*8.8_= P98*=548*)= *2'7>48= &3)=(4397418=-*1)=&9=,0=JC=8-4<=8.2.1&7=)*;*1452*39=:39.1=1*=94=2,=-=5489+*79.1.?&9.43= <-*3=.3=(4397418=9-*=&31&,*=4+='49-=8-*11=,1&3)=&3)=2&391*=857*&)8=&(7488=9-*=;.8(*7&1= 8&(_=D:7.3,=9-.8=)*;*1452*39&1=574(*88`=9-*=,74<9-=4+=9-*=9.88:*=43=9-*=1*V==8.)*=4+=9-*= ;.8(*7&1=8&(=3472&11>=*=(**)8=9-&9=4+=9-*=7.,-9=8.)*`=1*&).3,=94=&=-47.?439&1=749&9.43=4+= 9-*=;.8(*7&1=8&(=&3)=&3=*3+41).3,=4+=9-*=9.88:*=43=.98=7.,-9=8.)*=.394=9-*=2&391*=(&;.9>_= I3=P98*=548*)=*2'7>48`=51&9.3:2=.3-.'.98=9-*=,74<9-=4+=8-*11=,1&3)=&3)=2&391*=*),*= ):7.3,=*2'7>4,*3*8.8_=T-*=;.8(*7&1=8&(=749&9*8=;*79.(&11>=.389*&)=4+=-47.?439&11>`=&3)= 9-*=8-*1188*(7*9.3,=9.88:*=.8=).851&(*)=94=9-*=;*397&1=8.)*=4+=9-*=;.8(*7&1=8&(_=W.9-4:9=9-*= ,74<9-=4+=8-*11=,1&3)=&3)=2&391*=*),*`=9-*=2&391*=9.88:*=.3;&,.3&9*8=.394=9-*=*2'7>4`= (&:8.3,=&3=.39*73&1.?&9.43=4+=9-*=2&391*=&3)`=9-:8`=&184=4+=9-*=8-*11_=T-*=7*8:19.3,=83&.18= T,+ 8-4<= &= 81:,,.8-= &55*&7&3(*= <.9-= &3= &39*7.47= &3:8= &3)= 5489*7.47= ,.118_= H4<*;*7`= (:19.;&9.43= &9= -.,-*7= 9*25*7&9:7*8= .3):(*8= &= 7*889&79= 4+= 8-*11= ,1&3)= &3)= 2&391*= *),*= ,74<9-=&V=*7=&=5*7.4)=4+=.3&(9.;.9>=.3=P98*=548*)=.3).;.):&18_=T-*8*=*2'7>48=*=-.'.9= &= '74&)= 85*(97:2= 4+= 8-*11= +4728= 7&3,.3,= +742= +:11>= .39*73&1= 8-*118= 94= 5&791>8*=9*73&1= ABSTRACTS -0+
94= 3472&1= 8-*118_= T-*8*= .39*72*).&9*= &3)= .39*73&1= 8-*118= -&;*= 842*= (-&7&(9*7.89.(8= .3= (42243=<.9-=.39*73&1=8-*118=9-&9=(&3='*=+4:3)=.3=49-*7=2411:8(&3=(1&)*8a=57.2&7.1>`= 9-*=8-*11=.8=*=9*73&1=&3)=.8=9-*3=5&791>=4;*7,74<3=&3)=.39*73&1.?*)_=F:79-*7247*`=1.0*= .3=2&3>=(*5-&1454)8`=9-*=P98.3):(*)=.39*73&1=8-*118=&7*=8:774:3)*)='>=8-*1188*(7*9.3,= 9.88:*8=<-.(-=-&8=(438*6:*3(*8=+47=9-*=8-*118H=&3&942>_=
T,+_P+ UPTAKE`=ACCUMULATION`=TRANSFORMATION=AND=DEPURATION= OF=PARALYTIC=SHELLFISH=TOXINS=IN=COMMON=OCTOPUS= OCTOPUS=VULGARIS V&3*88&=M_=L45*8+`=T.&,4=R*541-4+`=M.,:*1=B&59.89&+`=P*)74=C489&,`=R:.=R48&+ +=L&'47&97.4=M&7c9.24=)&=G:.&`=C*3974=)*=O(*&34,7&Q=&`=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8=)&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`= A;_=N488&=S*3-47&=)4=C&'4`=3-3`=,1/*8-1.=C&8(&.8`=P479:,&1=;&3*88&2&)*.7&145*8 ,2&.1_(42`= 9+7*541-4 +(_:1_59`=2.,:*134,:*.7&'&59.89& ,2&.1_(42`=7748& +(_:1_59= ,=IPMA=8=I389.9:94=P479:,:U8=)4=M&7=*=)&=A9248+*7&`=A;*3.)&=)*=B7&8c1.&`=+..38**0=L.8'4&`=P479:,&1= 57(489& .52&_59= H&72+:1= &1,&1= '1442= HAB87*1&9*)= 2&7.3*= 94=.38= (&3= '*= &((:2:1&9*)= '>= 57.2&7>= (438:2*78=&3)=<470=9-*.7=<&>=9-74:,-=9-*=+44)=<*'`=(7*&9.3,=&=(-&.3=4+=;*(9478=9-&9= 97&38+*7=9-*=94=.3=94=-.,-*7=9745-.(=1*;*18_=C*5-&1454)8`=3&2*1>=9-*=(42243=4(945:8= O(945:8= ;:1,&7.8`= 57*>= 24891>= 43= (42243= ;*(9478= 4+= HAB= 94=.38`= 8:(-= &8= '.;&1;*8= &3)=(7:89&(*&38_=O3=9-*=49-*7=-&3)`=9-*8*=2411:808=&7*=.3(1:)*)=.3=9-*=).*98=4+=2&7.3*= 2&22&18=&3)=945=57*)&947=Q=8-_=O(945:8*8=&7*=034<3=94=7*9&.3=-.,-=1*;*18=4+=2&7.3*= 94=.38=.3=9-*=).,*89.;*=,1&3)`=.3(1:).3,=5&7&1>9.(=8-*11Q=8-=94=.38=PST8`=):7.3,=&3)=*;*3= & =*7=9-*='1442_=H4<*;*7`=34=89:).*8=43=9-*=)*5:7&9.43=7&9*8=&3)=94=.3=0.3*9.(8=-&;*= '**3=5*7+472*)=<.9-.3=9-.8=2411:80=,74:5_=I3=9-*=57*8*39=89:)>`=4(945:8*8=O_=;:1,&7.8= <*7*=8:'/*(9*)=94=&=).*9=4+=3&9:7&11>=(439&2.3&9*)=(1&28=D43&==85_=<.9-=PST=574):(*)= '>=G>234).3.:2=(&9*3&9:2=+47=&=5*7.4)=4+=0=)&>8=&3)=3438(439&2.3*)=).*9=& =*7<&7)8_= T4=.3= (43(*397&9.438= .3= 9-*= ).,*89.;*= ,1&3)= 574,7*88.;*1>= .3(7*&8*)= 9-74:,-4:9= 9-*= :59&0*=5*7.4)`=<.9-=B+=8:1+4(&7'&24>1=94=.3=&3)=)(STX=)*(&7'&24>1=94=.3='*.3,= 9-*=2489=&':3)&39=8&=.94=.3=STX=)*7.;&9.;*8=+4:3)_=O(945:8=&7*=2*9&'41.(&11>=&(9.;*= 47,&3.828= &3)= -&;*= -.,-= +44)= (43;*78.43`= ).,*89.43= &3)= *=(7*9.43= 7&9*8`= &3)= <-*3= 9-*>=<*7*=+*)=<.9-=343894=.(=).*9=.9=<&8=4'8*7;*)=&=7&5.)=)*5:7&9.43=4+=PST8_=B>=9-*= *3)=4+=9-*=*=5*7.2*39&1=9.2*=+0=)&>8=9-*=1*;*18=4+=STX=)*7.;&9.;*8=<*7*=&17*&)>=3438 )*9*(9*)_=W.9-=9-*=57*8*39=Q=3).3,8=<*=(1*&71>=)*243897&9*)=9-*=:59&0*`=&((:2:1&9.43`= 97&38+472&9.43=&3)=)*5:7&9.43=4+=PST8=.3=9-.8=0*>=;*(947=,74:5=4+=9-*=+44)=<*'=&3)= 9-*=+&9*=4+=9-*8*=(4254:3)8=.3=9-*=2&7.3*=*(48>89*2_
T,+ -0, AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
T,, T,,_O+ SNAIL=BEHAVIOURa=WHAT=COMPUTER=SIMULATIONS=CAN=TELL=US=ABOUT= DECISION8MAKING=AND=EVOLUTION R.(-&7)=S9&S=47)+`=G7&>=A_=W.11.&28,`=M&70=S_=D&;.*8- +S(-441=4+=A551.*)=S(.*3(*8`=B4:73*24:9-=U3.;*78.9>`=F*73=B&774<`=P441*`=BH+,=/BB`=UK======789&S=47) '4:73*24:9-_&(_:0 ,T-*=S<.7*=I389.9:9*=4+=M&7.3*=S(.*3(*=&3)=S(-441=4+=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=T-*=U3.;*78.9>=4+=H43,=K43,`= P40+:1&2=R4&)`=H43,=K43,=-78'<,& -0:((_-0:_-0 -F&(:19>=4+=A551.*)=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S:3)*71&3)`=S:3)*71&3)`=SR+=-SD`=UK======2&70_)&;.*8 8:3)*71&3)_&(_:0 H.,-=8-47*=1.=47.3.)=83&.18=4V=*3=1.;*=.3=247*84781*88=9<4=).2*38.43&1=-&'.9&98=&3)=-&;*= +*<= 57*)&9478_= T-.8= 2&0*8= 24)*11.3,= 9-*.7= '*-&;.4:7= 7*1&9.;*1>= *&8>= 43= 9-*= '&8.8= 4+= 8.251*=9-*47*9.(&1=7:1*8_=O:95:98=4+=24)*18=(148*1>=2&9(-=4'8*7;*)=).897.':9.43=5&=*738= 43=9-*=8-47*`=<-.(-=,.;*8=:8=(43Q=)*3(*=.3=9-*.7=&551.(&'.1.9>_=A8.)*=+742=7*51.(&9.3,= 3&9:7*`=9-*8*=24)*18=(&3='*=:8*)=94=2&3.5:1&9*=9-*=;.79:&1=*3;.7432*39=94=:3)*789&3)= )*(.8.4382&0.3,=&3)=*;41:9.43=.3=9-*8*=3*:7414,.(&11>=7*1&9.;*=8.251*=&3.2&18_ W-*3= *2*78*)`= 83&.18= +472= (4251*== 89&9.(= 5&=*738= 9-&9= .3;41;*= &,,7*,&9.438= &3)= (7*;.(*84((:5&9.43`= <-.(-= (&3= '*= (438.)*7*)= &8= *2*7,*39= 5745*79.*8= 47= +*&9:7*8= 4+= 8*1+847,&3.8&9.43_=U8.3,=.3=8.1.(4=*=5*7.2*39&9.43=9-&9=.8=5&15&'1>=.25488.'1*=<*=8-4<= 9-&9= &= +*<= 8.251*= 7:1*8= (&3= ,*3*7&9*= (4251*== 85&9.&1= 5&=*738= &3)= -4<= 8:(-= 8*1+8 47,&3.8&9.43`=<-.(-=14408=8:85.(.4:81>=1.0*=(4845*7&9.43`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`=.3).(&9.3,=.39*7885*(.Q=(=).S=*7*3(*8=.3=8*1*(9.43=57*88:7*_ I3=8.1.(4=89:).*8=(&3=,.;*=:8=3*<=.38.,-98=.394=83&.1='*-&;.4:7_=T-*=431>=574'1*2=1.*8= .3=<-*9-*7=<*='*1.*;*=9-*=24)*18=47=349`=8.3(*=4:7=2&3.5:1&9.438=(&3349='*=9*89*)=.3= 7*&1.9>_
T,,_O, INFLUENCE=OF=SIMULATED=EXPLOITATION=ON=THE=SEX=CHANGE=AND= POPULATION=DYNAMICS=IN=PATELLA=VULGATA C_D_G_=B47,*8+`=C_P_=D43(&89*7+`=T_P_=C74<*,`=S_J_=H&<0.38- +C*397*=+47=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-&25943`=B2/`=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,`=H.,-Q=*1)= C&25:8`=S4:9-&25943=SO+1=+BJ`=UK=)*'47&_'47,*8 :&_59`=(5) 84943_&(_:0 ,S(-441=4+=B.414,>=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*`=S(.*3(*=C*397*=W*89`=U3.;*78.9>=C411*,*=D:'1.3`=B*1Q=*1)`= D:'1.3=.`=I7*1&3)=9&82&3_(74<* :()_.* -F&(:19>=4+=N&9:7&1=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*8`=R442=,*.-2=B:.1).3,=,1`=H.,-Q=*1)=C&25:8`= U3.;*78.9>=R4&)`=S4:9-&25943`=SO+1=+BJ`=UK=8/- 84943_&(_:0 W*= )*8(7.'*= &= Q=*1)= *=5*7.2*39= )*8.,3*)= 94= 8.2:1&9*= -:2&3= *=514.9&9.43= 4+= 1.25*98= .3=47)*7=94=*;&1:&9*=9-*=*S=*(98=4+=-:2&3=*=514.9&9.43=43=9-*=*(414,>=4+=P&9*11&=;:1,&9&= T,, 9-*= 9&7,*9= 85*(.*8_= P_=;:1,&9&= .8= 349= &= 2&/47= 9&7,*9= 85*(.*8= +47= -:2&3= (438:259.43= ABSTRACTS -0-
94)&>`=':9=):*=94=9-*=4((:77*3(*=4+=8*==(-&3,*=<&8=(438.)*7*)=&3=&557457.&9*=24)*1= +47= .3;*89.,&9.3,= 9-*= (438*6:*3(*8= 4+= 57*)&9.43= '>= -:2&38= :543= 9-*= 8*== (-&3,*= 5-*342*343_=L.25*9=545:1&9.438=<*7*=*=514.9*)='>=8>89*2&9.(=7*24;&1=+47=+2=2439-8`= ):7.3,=<-.(-=7*(47)8=<*7*=0*59=4+=1.25*9=)*38.9>`=8.?*=+7*6:*3(>=&3)=8*==7&9.48`=&3)= 8-47*= 2&(748(422:3.9>= 897:(9:7*_= T-*= ->549-*8.8= 9*89*)= <&8= 9-&9= 8*1*(9.;*= 7*24;&1= 9-74:,-=9.2*=4+=1&7,*89=1.25*98=<4:1)=.3R=:*3(*=9-*=9.2.3,=&3)=2&,3.9:)*=4+=8*;*7&1= '.414,.(&1=574(*88*8`=.3(1:).3,=8*==(-&3,*`=,74<9-`=2.,7&9.43=&3)=)*38.9>=7*,:1&9.43_=
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T,,_O- POPULATION=STRUCTURE=IN=HIGH=SHORE=LITTORINIDSa= A=CONTRAST=BETWEEN=RIPRAP=AND=ROCKY=SHORES G:89&;4=M_=M&79.38`=A+4384=L_C_=P7*89*8`=A3&=I_=N*94 C*3974=I39*7).8(.51.3&7=)*=I3;*89.,&OD4=M&7.3-&=*=A2'.*39&1=CIIMAR2CIMAR`=R:&=)48=B7&,&8=,23`= .*/*8+,-=P4794`=P479:,&1 CIRN=]=G7:54=)*=B.414,.&=M&7.3-&`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=AO47*8`=P479:,&1= ,2&79.38 :&(_59`=57*89*8 :&(_59`=&3*94 :&(_59= T-*= 3:2'*7= 4+= &39-7454,*3.(= 897:(9:7*8= )*514>*)= .3= (4&89&1= &7*&8= -&8= .3(7*&8*)= 2&70*)1>= .3= 7*(*39= 9.2*8= &3)= 2&3>= 89:).*8= -&;*= 34<= 8-4<3= 9-&9= 9-*8*= 897:(9:7*8= 8*1)42=2.2.(=9-*=3&9:7&1=-&'.9&98=9-*>=7*51&(*_=T4=)&9*`=-4<*;*7`=2489=8:(-=89:).*8= -&;*= +4(:8*)= 43= 9-*= 3:2'*78= &3)= 7*1&9.;*= &':3)&3(*= 4+= 85*(.*8= &3)= 1.=1*= .8= 034<3= &'4:9=-4<=9-*8*=897:(9:7*8=&S=*(9=9-*=5&=*738=4+=85*(.*8=&,,7*,&9.43=&3)=8.?*=897:(9:7*`= )*85.9*= 9-*= +&(9= 9-&9= ;&7.&9.438= .3= 9-*8*= 5&7&2*9*78= 2&>= -&;*= .25479&39= *(414,.(&1= (438*6:*3(*8= &9= 545:1&9.43= &3)= (422:3.9>= 1*;*18_= H*7*= <*= (425&7*= 9-*= 7*1&9.;*= &':3)&3(*`= 5&=*738= 4+= &,,7*,&9.43= &3)= 8.?*= 897:(9:7*= 4+= 9<4= -.,-= 8-47*= ,&897454)= 1.=47.3.)8= T*(9&7.:8= 897.&9:8= &3)= M*1&7-&5-*= 3*7.94.)*8= 43= 7.57&5= &3)= &)/&(*39= 74(0>= 8-47*8_=W-.1*=9-*=7*1&9.;*=&':3)&3(*=4+=T_=897.&9:8=<&8=8.2.1&7=43=7.57&5=&3)=3&9:7&1= 74(0>=8-47*8`=M_=3*7.94.)*8=<&8=8.,3.Q=(&391>=247*=&':3)&39=43=74(0>=8-47*8_=A9=82&11= 85&9.&1=8(&1*8=(28='49-=1.=47.3.)8=85*(.*8=8-4<*)=247*=&,,7*,&9*)=).897.':9.438=43= 7.57&5_= A9= 1&7,*7= 8(&1*8= 28`= '49-= 1.=47.3.)8= <*7*= &184= 247*= &,,7*,&9*)= 43= 7.57&5= &19-4:,-= 9-.8= <&8= 431>= 8.,3.Q=(&39= +47= T_= 897.&9:8_= H&'.9&9= 9>5*= .3R=:*3(*)= 9-*= 8.?*= 897:(9:7*=<.9-='49-=85*(.*8=&=&.3.3,=&=8.,3.Q=(&391>=1&7,*7=8.?*=43=7.57&5_=H*7*=<*=&))= 94=9-*=<.)*7=1.9*7&9:7*='>=8-4<.3,=9-&9=&39-7454,*3.(=897:(9:7*8=(&3=&S=*(9=.39*79.)&1= T,, &88*2'1&,*8=.3=<&>8=49-*7=9-&3=7.(-3*88=47=9-*=7*1&9.;*=&':3)&3(*=4+=47,&3.828=&143*_= -0. AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
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T,,_O. 29DNA=SUGGESTS=STRONG=GENETIC=DIFFERENTIATION=AT= UNEXPECTEDLY=FINE8SCALES=IN=A=HIGH8DISPERSAL=MARINE=PERIWINKLE SS;*7.3*=F4:7)7.1.8+`=V&3>&=P7S;49+`=M&7.3*=M43/&7)*?+`=A393.4=M_=)*=F7.&8=M&79.38,`= T-.*77>=B&(0*1/&:+`- +R4>&1=B*1,.&3=I389.9:9*=4+=N&9:7&1=S(.*3(*8`=V&:9.*7=S97**9=,3`=B8+***=B7:88*18`=B*1,.:2======8+4:7)7.1.8 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_'*`=;&3>&_57*;49 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_'*`=2&7.3*_243/&7)*? 80>3*9_'* ,CIBIO=:=P14=AO47*8`=U3.;*78.)&)*=)48=AO47*8`=3/*+82*+=P439&=D*1,&)&`=SD4=M.,:*1`=AO47*8`=P479:,&1= +7.&8 :&(_59 -E;41:9.43&7>=E(414,>=G74:5`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=A39<*75`=G74*3*3'47,*71&&3=+1+`=B8,*,*=A39<*75`=B*1,.:2= 9'&(0*1/&: 3&9:7&18(.*3(*8_'* M&7.3*= .3;*79*'7&9*8= <.9-= 143,81.;*)= 51&30943.(= 1&7;&*= &7*= &88:2*)= 94= -&;*= -.,-= ).85*78&1=549*39.&1=&3)='74&)88(&1*=,*3*=R=4<_=T-*>=&7*=9-4:,-9=94=).85*78*=4;*7=143,= ).89&3(*8=&3)=94='*=,*3*9.(&11>=-424,*3*4:8=4;*7=1&7,*=&7*&8_=T-*=5*7.<.301*=M*1&7-&5-*= 3*7.94.)*8=<-.(-=7&3,*8=&143,=2:(-=4+=9-*=E:745*&3=(4&891.3*`=.8=8:(-=&=85*(.*8_=I98=143,8 1.;*)=51&30943.(=1&7;&1=5-&8*=1&898=.82=<**08=&3)=57*;.4:8=&114?>2*=89:).*8=-&;*=8-4<3= ;*7>=1.=1*=94=34=545:1&9.43=,*3*9.(=).S=*7*39.&9.43=&143,=9-*=E:745*&3=(4&89`=*;*3=4;*7= ).89&3(*8=4+=9-4:8&3)8=4+=0.142*9*78_=H4<*;*7`=&=,74<.3,=3:2'*7=4+=89:).*8='&8*)=43= DNA=2&70*78=8:,,*89=9-&9=9-*7*=.8=&=5447=(477*1&9.43='*9<**3=5*1&,.(=1&7;&1=):7&9.43= PLD= &3)= 9-*= 1*;*1= 4+= 545:1&9.43= ,*3*9.(= ).S=*7*39.&9.43= 7J= -= *_,3_= N*;*79-*1*88`= 7*(*39=<470=7*&T==728=9-&9=PLD=2.,-9=89.11='*=&=,44)=57*).(947=4+=545:1&9.43=,*3*9.(=
).S=*7*39.&9.43= &8= &= +:3(9.43= 4+= ,*4,7&5-.(= 8(&1*`= .+= '&8*)= 43= :3'.&8*)= FST= *89.2&9*8= &3)= &557457.&9*= 8&251.3,= 8.?*8_= W*= *=5147*)= 9-*8*= (43R=.(9.3,= ;.*<8= '>= &88*88.3,= 29DNA=COI`=+0S`=C>9'=).S=*7*39.&9.43=&243,=Q=;*=.39*38.;*1>88&251*)=545:1&9.438= 4+= M_= 3*7.94.)*8= .3= 9-*=A?47*8_= I3= (4397&89= <.9-= 57*;.4:8= &114?>2*= )&9&`= 4:7= 29DNA= )&9&=7*;*&1=7*2&70&'1>=-.,-=,*3*9.(=).;*78.9>=&3)=).S=*7*39.&9.43=&243,=M_=3*7.94.)*8= 545:1&9.438`=*;*3=9-48*=&8=(148*=&8=/*=02_=E;*3=&9=9-.8=8(&1*`=545:1&9.438=)4=349=8**2= 94=8-&7*=-&5149>5*8`=)*85.9*=9-*=&88:2*)=-.,-=549*39.&1=4+='74&)88(&1*=,*3*=R=4<=.3=M_= 3*7.94.)*8_=H*3(*`=9-*=7*1&9.438-.5='*9<**3=PLD=&3)=).85*78&1=549*39.&1=47=9-*=1*;*1=4+= 545:1&9.43=,*3*9.(=).S=*7*39.&9.43`=.8=.3)**)=349=897&.,-9+47<&7)_
T,,_O/ INDIVIDUAL=AND=POPULATION=LEVEL=DIETARY=BREADTH=OF= CONUS=MILIARIS=AT=EASTER=ISLAND T-42&8=F_=D:)&`=J7_ M:8*:2=4+=Z4414,>=&3)=D*5&792*39=4+=E(414,>=&3)=E;41:9.43&7>=B.414,>`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=M.(-.,&3`= ++*3=G*))*8=A;*3:*`=A33=A7'47=MI=.2+*-`=USA= S2.9-843.&3=T745.(&1=R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=R*5:'1.(=4+=P&3&2@=9+):)& :2.(-_*):= U3)*789&3).3,= 9-*= 574(*88*8= &884(.&9*)= <.9-= (-&3,*8= .3= 7*84:7(*= :9.1.?&9.43= (&3= .11:2.3&9*=9-*=+&(9478=&S=*(9.3,=3.(-*=*=5&38.43_=C43:8=2.1.&7.8=.8=&='74&)1>=).897.':9*)= T,, I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(=57*)&947>=2&7.3*=83&.1=9-&9=<&8=57*;.4:81>=+4:3)=94=*=-.'.9=*(414,.(&1= ABSTRACTS -0/
7*1*&8*= &3)= (43(42.9&39= .3(7*&8*)= ).*9&7>= '7*&)9-= &9= E&89*7= I81&3)= <-*7*= (43,*3*78= 9-&9=9>5.(&11>=(484((:7=<.9-=9-.8=85*(.*8=*18*<-*7*=&7*=1&7,*1>=&'8*39_=I3=&)).9.43`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`=I=+4:3)=9-&9=C_=2.1.&7.8=&9=E&89*7=I81&3)=57*>8=43=&=).;*78.9>=4+=541>(-&*9*8`= .3(1:).3,=&9=1*&89=*.,-9=*:3.(.)`=43*=3*7*.)=&3)=43*=34942&89.)=85*(.*8`=&3)=9-&9=).*98= &7*= &884(.&9*)= <.9-= 8-*11= 1*3,9-_= B&8*)= 43= (425&7.8438= 4+= 4'8*7;*)= &3)= *=5*(9*)= +7*6:*3(.*8=4+=.389&3(*8=4+=+**).3,=43=9-*=8&2*=&3)=).S=*7*39=57*>=.9*2=):7.3,=8*5&7&9*= +**).3,= '4:98`= .3).;.):&18= 4+= C_= 2.1.&7.8= &9= E&89*7= I81&3)= )4= 349= *=-.'.9= 57*+*7*3(*8= +47= 5&79.(:1&7= 57*>= &3)= ).*98= 4+= 9-*= 545:1&9.43= &3)= .3).;.):&18= &7*= *6:&11>= '74&)_= T-*8*= 7*8:198= .251>= 9-&9= 9-*= 57*;.4:81>= 4'8*7;*)= ).;*7,*3(*= .3= ;*342= (42543*398= 4+=C_=2.1.&7.8=&9=E&89*7=I81&3)=<&8=)7.;*3='>=8*1*(9.43=+742=.3(7*&8*)=).*9&7>='7*&)9-_= M47*4;*7`=I=57*).(9=9-&9=;*3428=4+=C_=2.1.&7.8=&9=E&89*7=I81&3)=&S=*(9=&=,7*&9*7=).;*78.9>= 4+=549*39.&1=57*>=85*(.*8=9-&3=&9=49-*7=14(&9.438=.3=9-*=I3)48W*89=P&(.Q=(=<-*7*=).*9&7>= '7*&)9-=4+=C_=2.1.&7.8=.8=247*=3&774<_
T,,_P+ BROAD8SCALE=PATTERNS=OF=SEX=RATIOS=OF=PATELLA=SPP_a= A=COMPARISON=OF=THE=BRITISH=ISLES=AND=PORTUGAL C_D_G_=B47,*8+`=C_P_=D43(&89*7+`=M_=M&(L*&3,`=S_J_=H&<0.38- +C*397*=+47=B.414,.(&1=S(.*3(*8`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-&25943`=B2/`=L.+*=S(.*3(*8=B:.1).3,`=H.,-Q=*1)= C&25:8`=S4:9-&25943=SO+1=+BJ`=UK=)*'47&_'47,*8 :&_59`=(5) 84943_&(_:0 ,N&9.43&1=O(*&34,7&5->=C*397*`=U3.;*78.9>=4+=S4:9-&25943`=W&9*7+7439=C&25:8`=E:745*&3=W&>`= S4:9-&25943=SO+.=-ZH`=UK=2_2&(1*&3 34(_84943_&(_:0 -F&(:19>=4+=N&9:7&1=&3)=E3;.7432*39&1=S(.*3(*8`=R442=,*.-2=B:.1).3,=,1`=H.,-Q=*1)=C&25:8`= U3.;*78.9>=R4&)`=S4:9-&25943`=SO+1=+BJ`=UK=8/- 84943_&(_:0 A='74&)88(&1*=8:7;*>=4+=1.25*98='>=8*==&3)=8.?*=(1&88*8=(4;*7.3,=&=7&3,*=4+=1&9.9:)*8=+742= Z&2':/*.7&=)4=M&7=84:9-*73=P479:,&1=94=J*33>(1.S==84:9-*73=E3,1&3)=.8=57*8*39*)= -*7*_=T-*=57.2&7>=&.2=4+=9-*=8:7;*>=<&8=94=*=5147*=(-&3,*8=.3=8*==7&9.4=<.9-.3=9-*=7&3,*= 4+=9-*=85*(.*8=89:).*)a=P_=;:1,&9&=84:9-*73=1.2.9=.3=P479:,&1`=7&3,*=(*397*=.3=9-*=B7.9.8-= I81*8=&3)=P&9*11&=)*57*88&=541*<&7)=1.2.9=.3=9-*=B7.9.8-=I81*8`=7&3,*=(*397*=.3=P479:,&1_= A8=&=5749&3)7.(=545:1&9.43=&5574&(-*8=.98=7&3,*='4:3)&7>`=9-*=&19*73&9.;*=->549-*8*8= 94=9*89=&7*a=.=8:'8459.2&1=(43).9.438=):*=94=9-*=*3;.7432*39=47=.3(7*&8*)=.39*785*(.Q=(= (425*9.9.43= )*1&>= 574249.43= +742= 2&1*= 94= +*2&1*= 7*8:19.3,= .3= +*<*7= +*2&1*8b= ..= 7*1&=&9.43=4+=7*84:7(*=1.2.9&9.43=7*8:19.3,=+742=7*):(*)=.397&85*(.Q=(=(425*9.9.43=<.11= *3-&3(*=574249.43=+742=2&1*8=94=+*2&1*8=7*8:19.3,=.3=-.,-*7=3:2'*7=4+=+*2&1*8b=...= &9=7&3,*=*),*8=7*(7:.92*39=.8=.39*72.=*39=1*&).3,=94=247*=41)*7=1&7,*7=&3.2&18=<-.(-= &7*=+*2&1*_=E;.)*3(*=<&8=+4:3)=+47=9-*=4((:77*3(*=4+=5749&3)7>=.3=3438-&7;*89*)=P_= ;:1,&9&=545:1&9.438=+742=9-*=84:9-=4+=E3,1&3)`=<.9-=+*2&1*8=57*)42.3&9.3,=.3=1&7,*7= 8.?*=(1&88*8b=(:2:1&9.;*=+7*6:*3(>=).897.':9.438=4+=2&1*8=&3)=+*2&1*8=<*7*=).S=*7*39b= 8*==7&9.48=<*7*='.&8*)=94<&7)8=9-*=Q=789=8*==&3)=82&11*89=8.?*8=4+=2&1*8=<*7*=82&11*7= T,, -00 AÇOREANA S:51*2*394=2`=WCM=,*+-
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T,, LIST=OF=AUTHORS
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S*&'7&`=M&7.&=I3U8= S.243*`=L:.?=R.(&7)4=L45*8= T&39.<.8&<&7:/.`=S:0&31&>&= CO8CIEMAR=C*3974=)*= )*= I389.9:94=)*=C.U3(.&8= O(*&34,7&Q=&=8=L&'47&97.4= U3.;*78.)&)*=SD4=P&:14`= B.42S).(&8=A'*1=S&1&?&7= )*=C.U3(.&8=)4=M&7=8= B7&8.1 )&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)4=P4794`= U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=É;47&`= 178.243* :85_'7 P479:,&1 P479:,&1 8:0&31&>&9&3 -492&.1_(42 kodov .8*&'7& :*;47&_59 `=J&3&= D*5&792*39=4+=Z4414,> T*&8)&1*`=L:.8&= S*(4`=J48S= =C-&71*8=U3.;*78.9>=.3= M:8*:2=V.(947.&`=M*1'4:73* I389.9:9*=4+=M&7.3*=R*8*&7(- P7&,:*`= A:897&1.& C4.2'7&`=P479:,&1 P7&,:*`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.( 19*&8)&1* 2:8*:2_;.(_,4;_&: /48*8_8*(4 ,2&.1_(42 /&;*804 (*397:2_(? T*.=*.7&`=D.3&79*= S*.'*1`=B7&)= S5*.8*7`=D&3.*1=I_= D.7*(947&9*=4+=F47*897>= U3.;*78.9>=4+=R-4)*=I81&3)= U3.;*78.9>=4+=C&1.+473.&`= &3)=N&9:7*=C438*7;&9.43`= USA S&39&=B&7'&7&`=USA M&)*.7&`=P479:,&1 8*.'*1 :7._*): ).85*.8*7 ,2&.1_(42 9*.=*.7&_).3&79* ,2&.1_(42 S*11`=J*7?>= S9*.3*7`=G*7-&7)= T-.*3,4`=S.1;&3&=C&7;&1-4= U3.;*78.9>=4+=G)&380`=P41&3) U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.*33&`=A:897.& F:3)&OD4=O8<&1)4=C7:? /*7?>_8*11 '.41_:,_*):_51 ,*7-&7)_89*.3*7 :3.;.*_&(_&9 R.4=)*=J&3*.74`=B7&8.1 89-.*3,4 .4(_Q=4(7:?_'7 T743(484`=J*8:8= S:23*78R443*>`=L&:7*3= U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.,4`=S5&.3 Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89b T.'.7.O@`=Y&7&= 9743(484 :;.,4_*8 N479-*73=I7*1&3)`=UK A884(.&9.43=4+=C4&89&1= 18:23*77443*>*+ 6:'_&(_:0 C438*7;&9.43=4+=M4?&2'.6:* S-&72&`=P7&8-&39=P_= >&7& ?&;47&1&'_(42 A2*7.(&3=M:8*:2=4+= S:?:0.`=M&8&-.74= N&9:7&1=H.8947>`=N*<=Y470`= T4-4=U3.;*78.9>`=J&5&3 T4)9`=C-7.89.&3*= USA 00+-**-8 3(_94-48:_&(_/5 U3.;*78.9>=M:8*:2=4+= 58-&72& &23-_47, B*7,*3`=N47<&> S;&3>,&`=J&3= C-7.89.&3*_T4)9 :2_:.'_34 S-*&`=E1.?&'*9-= N&9:7*=C438*7;&9.43=A,*3(>= D*1&<&7*=M:8*:2=4+=N&9:7&1= 4+=9-*=C?*(-=R*5:'1.( T42&3*0`=L&78= H.8947>`=USA P7&,:*`=C?*(-=R*5:'1.( C&1.+473.&=P41>9*(-3.(=S9&9*= *8-*& )*123-_47, /&3_8;&3>,& 3&9:7*_(? U3.;*78.9> S&3=L:.8=O'.854`=USA S-.34-&7&`=W&9&7:= S?>2&3*0`=M&7(.3= 1942&3*0 (&1541>_*): T4-4=U3.;*78.9>`=J&5&3 F&(:19>=4+=G*414,>`= 00+,**08 3(_94-48:_&(_/5 U3.;*78.9>=4+=W&78&<`= T748(-.380.`=S&3)7&= P41&3) U3.;*78.9>=T3'.3,*3`= S.,<&79`=J:1.&= 2_8?>2&3*0 :<_*):_51 G*72&3> Q:**38=U3.;*78.9>=B*1+&89 5*>491// >&-44_)* N479-*73=I7*1&3)`=UK T&0&34`=T8:>48-.= /_8.,<&79 6:'_&(_:0 A92485-*7*=&3)=O(*&3= T73'*3'&(-`=K&9/&= R*8*&7(-=I389.9:9*`=U3.;*78.9>= C*39*7=4+=O(*&34,7&5->`= S.1;&`=B*&97.?=A3)7*&=Z&247&= 4+=T40>4`=J&5&3 L&'47&97.4=M&7c9.24=)&= U3.;*78.9>=4+=B*7,*3`= =&0&34 &47._:8940>4_&(_/5 G:.&=F&(:1)&)*=)*=C.U3(.&8= N47<&> )&=U3.;*78.)&)*=)*=L.8'4&`= A3)7*&_Z&247& '2_:.'_34 T&11&7.(4`=L*3.9&=)*=F7*.9&8= P479:,&1 DSFB=8=IB=8=S9&9*=U3.;*78.9>= 0/97:'*3'&(- +(_:1_59 S.23`=L:.8=J&;.*7=C-:*(&= 4+=C&25.3&8`=B7&8.1 U3.;*789.>=4+=9-*=B&86:*= 1*9&11&7.(4 ,2&.1_(42 T:33.(1.S=*`=V*7*3&= C4:397> U3.;*78.9>=4+=V.(947.&`= V.947.&8G&89*.?`=S5&.3 C&3&)& 1/(-:*(&**+ ,2&.1_(42 ;*7*3&9 :;.(_(& ADDRESSES OF DELEGATES -21
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= AÇOREANA= .8= 9-*= /4:73&1= 4+= 9-*= S4(.*)&)*= A+4384= C-&;*8= 8= A884(.&OD4= )*=E89:)48=AO47*&348=&3)=&.28=&9=9-*=5:'1.(&9.43=4+=<4708=)*;49*)=2&.31>=94=9-*= ;&7.4:8=&7*&8=4+=9-*=3&9:7&1=-.8947>=4+=9-*=A?47*8_=AÇOREANA=.8=.3)*=*)='>=BIOSIS`= 8*39= 94= Z4414,.(&1= R*(47)`= &3)= ).897.':9*)= ;.&= *=(-&3,*= 94= 1.'7&7.*8= 9-74:,-4:9= 9-*= <471)_
= T-*=2&3:8(7.598`=.3=P479:,:*8*`=F7*3(-=47=E3,1.8-`=8-4:1)=.3(1:)*=&=(43(.8*= ABSTRACT= <.9-= &= 97&381&9.43= 4+= .9= .3= 43*= 4+= 9-48*= 1&3,:&,*8_= = T-*= +472&9= 4+= 9-*= 2&3:8(7.59=8-4:1)=+4114<=9-&9=4+=9-*=.88:*8=&V=*7=,**/_==A11=5&798=4+=9-*=2&3:8(7.59=9*=9`= 7*+*7*3(*8`=9&'1*8`=1*,*3)8=8-4:1)='*=9>5*)=)4:'1*885&(*)_==U3)*71.3*=&11=,*3:8=&3)= 85*(.*8= 3&2*8b= = 1*&;*= &11= 49-*7= .3).(&9.438= 94= 9-*= *).947_= = T-*= .11:897&9.438= 8-4:1)= '*= (&7*+:11>=*=*(:9*)=94=&114<=+:11=:9.1.?&9.43=4+=85&(*=+:11=5&,*`=+,/=+2*=22b==43*=(41:23`= 0,=+2*=22b==1*=*78=&3)=3:2'*78=8-4:1)=7*2&.3=5*7+*(91>=*&8>=94=7*&)=&V=*7=7*):(9.43_== R*+*7*3(*8=.3=9-*=9*=9=8-4:1)=9&0*=43*=4+=9-*=+4114<.3,=+4728a== M47*1*9=+20*=)*8(7.'*)= c=47= =c=M47*1*9`=+20*=c=47= c=M47*1*9=]=D74:V9`=+2/1b==M47*1*9`=+20*b==N4'7*`=+3,.`= +3-*b==M&79.38`=+323&`='b==H&<0.38=*9=&1_`=+33*_==R*+*7*3(*8=&7*=1.89*)=&15-&'*9.(&11>`=9-*= &:9-478=3&2*8=7*5*&9*)b==/4:73&1=9.91*8=&7*=(.9*)=.3=+:11_==B.'1.4,7&5-.(=1.89.3,=8-4:1)= +4114<=9-*=+472&9=4+=9-*=.88:*8=&V=*7=,**/`=&((47).3,=94=9-*=*=&251*8a ELDREDGE`=N_`=]=S_J_=GOULD`=+31,_==P:3(9:&9*)=*6:.1.'7.&a=&3=&19*73&9.;*=94=5->1*9.(= ,7&):&1.82_==I3a=SCHOPF`=T_J_M_=*)_`=M4)*18=.3=P&1*4'.414,>`=55_=2,8++/_==F7**2&3`= C445*7`=S&3=F7&3(.8(4`=CA_ DELLAPORTA`=S_L_`=A_=XU`=S_=SAGASSER=]=W_=JAKOB`=,**0_==M.94(-43)7.&1=,*342*= 4+= T7.(-451&== &)-&*7*38= 8:554798= P1&(4?4&= &8= 9-*= '&8&1= 14<*7= 2*9&?4&3= 5->1:2_== P74(**).3,8=4+=9-*=N&9.43&1=A(&)*2>=4+=S(.*3(*8`=U_S_A_`=+*-,-a=21/+821/0_ MORELET`=A_`=+20*_==N49.(*=8:7=1H.894.7*=N&9:7*11*=)*8=AO47*8=8:.;.*=):3*=)*8(7.59.43=)*8= M411:86:*8=9*77*897*8=)*=(*9=A7(-.5*1`=,+0=55_==J_8B_=B&.11.T7*=*9=F.18`=P&7.8_ = T&'1*8= &3)= .11:897&9.438= 8-4:1)= (42*= &V=*7= LITERATURE= CITED`= ':9= 9-*7*= 8-4:1)= '*= .3= 9-*= 2&3:8(7.59= &3= .3).(&9.43= 4+= 9-*.7= .38*79.43b= = 9-*= 1*,*3)8= +47= 9-*= .11:897&9.438=8-4:1)='*=57*8*39*)=8*5&7&9*1>=&V=*7=9-*=.11:897&9.438_ = S-479=349*8=(&3=&184='*=8:'2.=*)`=349=*=(**).3,=9-7**=5&,*8=9>5*)=)4:'1*8 85&(*)_==N472&11>=9-*>=8-4:1)=349=.3(1:)*=&=8:22&7>=47=-*&).3,8_ = M&3:8(7.598= 8-4:1)= '*= 9>5*)= .3= WORD_= T4= 8&+*,:&7)= .39*757*9&9.43= 4+= *;*39:&11>=)*+472&=*)=).,.9&1=2&9*7.&1`=43*=5)+=47=&=57.39*)=(45>=(4251*9*=<.9-=9&'1*8`= 1*,*3)8=&3)=.11:897&9.438=8-4:1)='*=8:'2.=*)=94=9-*=*).947`=&143,=<.9-=&=WORD=(45>=.3= CD=47=;.&=*_2&.1_
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