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Volume 2, Issue-1(3), January-March, 2015 International Journal of Academic Research Multidisciplinary, Multiple languages, Refereed and Indexed Journal Published by Office Address Sucharitha Publications Dr.T.V.Ramana Visakhapatnam – 530 017 46-8-10/4, Opp. Aditya Public School Andhra Pradesh – India Jagannaickpur, Kakinada- 533002 website :www.ijar.org.in Andhra Pradesh-India Design by SS Xerox, Visakhapatnam EDITORIAL BOARD Editor-in-Chief Dr. T. V. RAMANA Andhra University Campus, Kakinada - Andhra Pradesh, India, 533 005 ASSOCIATE EDITORS Dr. K. Victor Babu T.S.E. Rani Advisory Council Prof. M. Sundara Rao, Chairman, Board of Studies, Dept. of Economics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam Dr.P.Subba Rao, Director (i/c), Centre for Study of Social Inclusion and Exclusive Policy, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam Prof. P.Arun Kumar, Special Officer, Andhra University Campus, Kakinada, AP Prof.B.Kuberudu, Dept. of Management Studies, Andhra University Campus, Kakinada Dr.J.Chandra Prasad, Director, S.V. Institute of Technology, Tanuku, West Godavar District, AP Dr.V.Mahipal, Executive Director (Social welfare) & Chief Planning Officer (Rtd), Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh Prof. J.V.K.V. Pandit, Dept. of .Political Universidad Rural de Guatemala, GT, Science & Public Adm., Andhra U.S.A University Campus, Kakinada Dr.K.Victor Babu, Guest Faculty, Department of Philosophy, Andhra University – Visakhapatnam; Chief Editor of IJMER and Associate Editor of IJAR Dr. Zoran Vu, ISI, Rector, St. Gregory Nazianzen Orthodox Institute Editorial council Dr. Sudhansu Ranjan Mohapatra, Prof. M. Sundara Rao, Chairman, Centre for Juridical Studies, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Board of Studies, Dept of Economics, Assam Andhra University, Visakhapatnam Dr. C. Jaya Subba Reddy, Dr. P. Subba Rao, Director (i/c), Department of Mathematics, SVU Centre for Study of Social Inclusion College of Sciences, Tirupati and Exclusive Policy, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam Dr. E. Ashok Kumar, Department of Education North- Eastern Hill Prof. J.V.K.V. Pandit, Dept. of. University, Shillong Political Science &Public Adnm, Andhra University Campus, Dr. Merina Islam, Department of Kakinada Philosophy Cachar College, Assam Prof.P. Dakshina Murty, Prof. in Dr. R. Dhanuja, PSG College of Physics, University College of Arts & Science Coimbatore Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Dr. Bipasha Sinha, S. S. Jalan Technological University, Kakinada, Girls’ College University of Calcutta- AP, India Calcutta Prof. D. Satyanarayana, BVC Dr. K. John Babu, Department of Institute of Technology & Science, Journalism & Mass Comm. Central Amalapuram, AP University of Kashmir, Kashmir Dr.J.Ratna Prabhakar, Dept. of Prof. S. Mahendra Dev, Vice- Commerce, Government City Chancellor, Indira Gandhi Institute College,(aff) Osmania University, of Development Research Mumbai Hyderabad Prof. (Dr.) Sohan Raj Tater, Dr. A. Srinivas, Rajiv Ganghi Former Vice Chancellor, Singhania Institute of Law College & Dept. of University, Rajasthan Humanities, JNTUK Dr.Bipasha Sinha, S. S. Jalan Dr. Vidya. H.N, Department of Girls’ College University of Calcutta- History, Government Arts College, Calcutta Hassan, Karnataka Dr. K. V. Ramana Murty, Dept. of Management Studies, Wollega Management Studies, Andhra University, Ethiopia, South Africa University Campus, Kakinada Dr.K.Chaitanya, Department of Dr. M. Satyanarayana, Dept. of CHEMISTRY, Nanjing University of political Science & public Science and Technology, China Administration, Andhra University Campus, Kakinada, AP Prof. Josef HOCI-ITL, Department of Political Economy Dr.V.V.S.Rama Krishna, Dept. of University of Vienna, Vienna & Ex. Economics, Andhra University Member, Austrian Parliament, Campus, Kakinada, AP Austria Dr.M.Mani Sekhar, MHRM, Prof. Alexander Chumakov, Andhra University Campus, Chair of Philosophy Department Kakinada, AP Russian Philosophical Society, Russia Dr. T.Ashok, Dept. of English, Andhra University Campus, Prof. Fidel Gutierrez Vivanco, Kakinada, AP Founder and President Escuela Virtual de Asesoria Filosofica Dr.D.Thirupathaiah, Dept. of Economics, S.K.R.B.R College, Prof. Igor Kondrshin, Member of Narasaraopet, Guntur, district, A.P the Russian Philosophical Society, the Russian Humanist Society and Dr. K. Prasad, Dept of Economics, Expert of the UNESCO, Moscow, Dr. S. R. K. Govt. Arts College, Russia Yanam, UT of Puducherry Dr. Zoran Vu, ISI Rector, St. Prof. Roger Wiemers, Professor of Gregory Nazianzen Orthodox Education, Lipscomb University, Institute Universidad Rural de Nashville, USA Guatemala, GT,U.S.A Prof.V.V.Ratnaji Rao Chowdary, Swami Maheshwarananda, Dept of Business & Economics, Wollo Founder and President,Shree University Dessie, Ethiopia Vishwa Deep Gurukul Swami Dr.B.V Prasada Rao, Associate Maheshwarananda Ashram Professor, Department of Education & Research Center, Rajasthan, India Dr. Momin Mohamed Naser, Mr.I.Ketutdonder, Depasar State Department of Geography Institute Institute of Hindu Dharma, of Arab Research and Studies Cairo Indonesia University, Egypt Editor-in-Chief, IJAR – January-March, Vol.2. Issue 1, 2015 Typeset and Printed (Sucharitha Publications) in India: IJAR, concentrates on critical and creative research in Multidisciplinary and multiple languages Academic Research. This journal seeks to promote original research and cultivate a fruitful dialogue between old and modern thought. Views expressed in the articles is exclusively of the authors, thus, journal is not responsible of it in any case visit: www.ijar.org.in C O N T E N T S Volume 2 Issue 1(3) January-March, 2015 S. Page No No 1 Correlation between children advertisement 1-9 B. Kuberudu and E.Naga Surendra 2 Analysis of Rural Household Food Security in Wonago 10-20 District, Gedeo Zone, SNNP Regional State, Ethiopia Goitom Weldegerima, Abreham Kebedom and Nigussie Yohannse 3 Evaluation of rural development policy and strategy in 21-30 Ethiopia P.NandeeswaraRao and Neduri Suryanarayana 4 Study of Primary School Teachers Effectiveness 31-34 Sunita Godiyal 5 Jainism as Philosophical Backbone of Human Rights-A 35-39 Perspective in Indian Jurisprudence Asha Bhandari 6 Live in relationship in India:- A Legal Perspective 40-44 Sudhansu Ranjan Mohapatra 7 Institute Interaction For Sustainable Growth“ with Special 45-50 focus on Management Education YVVSSS Vara Prasad 8 The operational system of Panchayati Raj in Goa 51-56 Balaji Sudasshenvy 9 Effective Communication Skills to Build Human Capital 57-62 G. Reddi Sekhar Reddy 10 An Analysis of Poverty Reduction And Human 63-68 Development in India Girish M.C 11 SavitribaiPhule First Woman Teacher in India 69-74 Archana Malik-Goure 12 Crafting Campus Awareness –Strategies Towards 75-79 Creation of Campus Sustainability Vidya.H.N 13 Structural Formation of Agraharas in Medieval South 80-83 India –A Case Study of Hosaholalu Agrahara Puttaraju.K. 14 Connecting through language - reflections on the spread of 84-86 Russian Sanskrit scholarship Veena.H.N 15 Self – Help Groups and Economic Empowerment of 87-91 Women in India Rathna Y. D 16 Stress Management In Adolescent Students 92-97 J. Venkata Rama Chandra Rao 17 Using Mother Tongue in teaching vocabulary in the Class 98-101 Room to Enhance Communication Skills Shiny K.P 18 An Analysis on Population Growth of Yanam Region 102-106 K.Prasad 19 The Dynamics of Performance Management 107-111 G. S. Rama Krishna& G.Samuel Mores 20 Enhancing Students’ Grammar by using Games: A 112-116 Practical Classroom Experience B.V.Srinivas Rao 21 The Glass Palace – A Multigenerational SAGA 117-121 M. NageswaraRao 22 Termites Destroying Structural Wood on Cost Basis in 122-125 Hyderabad Urban System S.venkataramaraju 23 An overview on the Child labour 126-130 Suresh Kumar 24 Indian Government Policy on Industrial Relations: An 131-135 overview Thirupathaiah Dulla 25 Special provision to Jammu & Kashmir. Why? 136-143 Pradeepta Kishore Sahoo 26 Ecotourism Tourism in East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh 144-149 NomulaVenkateshwarlu 27 Issues In Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment 150-154 Guarantee Act, 2005 Vijayakumar Bandi 28 Success Through Social Responsibility: A unique Model of 155-161 TATA Group Santanu Kumar Das 29 Anti-Competitive agreements: concepts under competition 162-167 Act 2002 Gunda vedasree 30 Judicial Accountability 168-171 P.Venkata Subba Rao and V.Rama Rao Editorial …….. It is great privilege to me to express New Year greetings to the intellectuals of several disciplines. Dear intellectuals, no one really knows what the next twelve months have in store, but one thing is almost certain— intellectual/philosopher will continue to change with new thoughts and do better be ready for it. Only the Intellectual can share the progress and problems of the society as his own and enlighten the minds of the others for 365 days as rotates 360 degrees of circle. It appears the greatness of the philosopher. As such, let’s again make our New Year’s resolution a substantive one this year. By the way, IJAR created a platform to gather the thoughts of intellectuals as a little bit of contribution to better society. This volume is the glimpses of voice of authors that are enthusiastically associated with various issues of the journal. The present issue is really useful to reference for multi-dimensional aspects. I am grateful to the paper writers for their valuable contributions on different dimensions of disciples. On behalf of the IJAR, once again, I wish you a vibrant progress & benevolent prosperity in 2015. Editor-in-Chief Prof.G.S.N Raju, Hon’ble Vice Chancellor,
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  • Hasriadi Masalam

    Hasriadi Masalam

    Participatory action research, learning in small peasant resistance and the politics of rural dispossession in Indonesia by Hasriadi Masalam A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Adult Education Department of Educational Policy Studies University of Alberta © Hasriadi Masalam, 2018 ii ABSTRACT The agro-extractive regime pursued by the corporatized state and the pervasive expansion of capital accumulation has turned the rural frontier of Indonesia into an agrarian war zone. This is marked by the proliferation of serious challenges by small peasants and indigenous peoples who are ‘in the way’ of the neoliberal state apparatus and market imperatives being imposed by a globalizing colonial capitalism. It would therefore be a political if not ethical oversight to remain oblivious to the perseverance of small peasant and indigenous ways of learning in resistance to the violence of development dispossession (DD) by the postcolonial development state and the market. This study sought to contribute towards organizing, networking and learning in social action in anti-dispossession struggles addressing agro-extractive related DD in Sulawesi through Participatory Action Research (PAR), while engaging in and seeking to understand the multiple modes of small peasant and indigenous learning and knowledge production processes embedded in resistance to DD in rural Indonesia. The study derives its’ primary significance from practical PAR interventions in anti-land dispossession struggles in Sulawesi in the face of agro-extractive expansionism addressing DD in the ‘post colony’ and especially in relation to learning and knowledge production and networking in and around these struggles. PAR collaborations were made in this regard with small peasant struggles to address palm oil and coconut plantation DD in Sulawesi between May 2015 – February 2016 and is ongoing.