DOCSLIB.ORG

Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections Ubr.C-ff. SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 143, NO. 3 SUPPLEMENT TO THE ANNOTATED, SUBJECT-HEADING BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TERMITES 1955 TO I960 By THOMAS E. SNYDER Honorary Research Associate Smithsonian Institution (Publication 4463) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DECEMBER 29, 1961 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 143, NO. 3 SUPPLEMENT TO THE ANNOTATED, SUBJECT-HEADING BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TERMITES 1955 TO 1960 By THOMAS E. SNYDER Honorary Research Associate Smithsonian Institution ><%<* Q (Publication 4463) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DECEMBER 29, 1961 PORT CITY PRESS, INC. BALTIMORE, NID., U. S. A. CONTENTS Pagre Introduction i Acknowledgments i List of subject headings 2 Subject headings 3 List of authors and titles 72 Index 115 m SUPPLEMENT TO THE ANNOTATED, SUBJECT-HEADING BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TERMITES 1955 TO 1960 By THOMAS E. SNYDER Honorary Research Associate Smithsonian Institution INTRODUCTION On September 25, 1956, an "Annotated, Subject-Heading Bibliography of Ter- mites 1350 B.C. to A.D. 1954," by Thomas E. Snyder, was published as volume 130 of the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. A few 1955 papers were included. The present supplement covers publications from 1955 through i960; some 1961, as well as some earlier, overlooked papers, are included. A total of 1,150 references are listed under authors and tides, and 2,597 references are listed under subject headings, the greater number being due to cross references to publications covering more than one subject. New subject headings are Radiation and Toxicology. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The publication of this bibliography was made possible by a grant from the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. Editors of the Smithsonian Institution have been very helpful in the preparation of the manuscript and index. Mrs. Lucile W. Yates, cataloger of the Entomology Research Division, Agricul- tural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, has supplied many ref- erences. Miss Emily Bennett, librarian of the Division of Insects Library, U.S. National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, has been especially helpful in checking references and obtaining obscure publications, often difficult to locate. I am grate- ful to my wife for typing additional references. Dr. E. W. Ligon, of the Pesticide Regulation Branch, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, has kindly prepared some of the data under the heading "Toxicology." Dr. Ivan Hrdy, of the Czechoslovak Academy of Science, Prague, was helpful in sending me publications and references. SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS, VOL. 143, NO. 3 LIST OF SUBJECT HEADINGS Anatomy, see Morphology. Migration, see Biology. Bacteria, see also Nutrition. Moisture, see Biology. Baits, see Soil poisons. Molds, see Nutrition, Parasites. Behavior, see also Biology. Morphology, histology (tissue growth). Bibliography, see "Index of American Economic Neoteinia, see Biology. Entomology" for additional references. Nests. Biography. Nutrition. Biology, ecology. Obituary. Building codes, see also Control, Resistant woods, Parasites. Wood preservation. Parthenogenesis, see Biology. Caste determination, also intermediates, intercastes. Phylogeny, see also Evolution, Taxonomy. Chemical analysis. Physiology. Cold, see Temperature. Poison dusts, see Soil poisons. Control, construction, termite-proofing. Population. Court rulings. Predators. Cytology (cell growth). Protozoa, see also Digestion, Nutrition. Damage. Racket. Damage to living vegetation. Radiation. Detection, see also Experimentation. Rearing. Digestion, see also Nutrition, Protozoa. Regeneration. Diseases, human, plant, and termite; see also Para- Regulation, see Legislation. sites. Repellents, see Soil poisons, Wood preservation. Distribution. Reproductive organs, see Genitalia. Dust, poison, see Soil poisons. Resistant woods. Ecology, see Biology. Respiration, see Gaseous environment. Electricity, see Detection, Experimentation. Reviews. Embryology. Secretions. Evolution. Sense organs. Experimentation, see also Detection. Sex organs, see Genitalia. Flight. Shields, metal barriers. Folklore. Soil poisons, baits, dusts, repellents. Food, termites as. Sound. Fossil. Superorganism, supraorganism, colony as. Fumigation. Swarm, see Flight. Fungi, association with; see also Rearing. Symbiosis, see Biology, Nutrition, Protozoa, Ter- Fungus cultivation. mitophiles. Gaseous environment. Tax status of loss, see Damage. reproductive sex organs. Genitalia, or Taxonomy. Geologic agents. Temperature. Heat, see Temperature. Termitophiles. Hermaphrodites, see Biology. Toxicology. Histology, see Morphology. Uses in industry, arts, and religion. Humidity. preservation, poisons for fabrics and fiber- Introduced or intercepted. Wood insulation, etc. Legislation or regulation. boards, Medicine, uses in. Zoogeographical regions. Note.—In the "Index of American Economic Entomology," under the heading "Termites" and sup- plementary subject-headings, there are papers not referred to in this more or less selective bibliography; some are of minor importance, others repetitions. SUBJECT HEADINGS (For complete citations see List of Authors and Titles beginning on page 72.) BACTERIA Boyer, P., 1955, pp. 569-571. (France, pre- pal agents in fermentation cellulose for liminary studies of soil and bacteria of fungus-growing Sphaerotermes sphaero- termitaria.) thorax, Ruminococcus, same group as in Grasse, P. P., 1959a, pp. 385-389. (Africa, di- paunch of ruminants.) gestion cellulose by bacteria in posterior Sebald, M., and Mellis, Y. de, 1958, pp. 357- intestine for fungus-growing Macro- 360. (France, Spherophorus n. sp., a termitinae.) sulphite-reducing bacterium from in- Ionescu, M. A., 1959, pp. 114-115. (Rumania, testine French termite injected in vein Reticulitermes lucifugus. Schizophytes: rabbit, toxic or allergenic, not infectious.) Spirochaeta termitis, S. tninei, and S. hilli, Toumanoff, C, and Toumanoff, T. C, 1959, Fusiformis termitidis, F. hilli.) pp. 216-218. (France, epizootic due to Pochon, J., Barjac, H. de, and Roche, A., Serratia marcescens, "Reticulotermes san- 1958, pp. 352-355. (Africa, bacteria princi- tonnevsis.") BEHAVIOR Autuori, 1956, pp. 561-575. (Instinct in the sponses named stigmergy. Determining behavior of animals and man.) stimuli olfactory.) Desneux, J., 1959, pp. 286-292. (Africa, vestig- Schmidt, R. S., 1955, pp. 244-356. (Apico- ial behavior some species Apicotermes.) termes nests important etiological ma- Emerson, A. E., 1956, pp. 248-258. (Regenera- terial.) tion behavior and social homeostasis.) 1955a, pp. 157-181. (Evolution of nest-build- 1958a, in Roe and Simpson (Ed.), 1958, ing behavior in Apicotermes.) pp. 311-355. (Intraspecies group system 1958, pp. 76-94. (Most primitive Apico- prime unit, group unit of natural selec- termes nests lack wall perforations, sha- tion leading to adaptive evolution, be- green, internal arrangment cellular.) havior emphasized in group integration, Verron, H., 1958, pp. 309-314. (France, Calo- social behavior in insects genetically de- termes fiavicollis attraction produced by termined, in man culturally.) last instar nymphs on larvae, nymphs Grasse, P. P., 1959, pp. 41-83. (French Equa- with short wing pads, and neoteinics in- torial Africa, behavior workers Cubi- creases regularly with the importance of termes sp. and Bcllicositermes natalensis crowding. Last instar nymphs show less rebuilding nest, masons do not constitute response than larvae, soldiers exhibit the a working team, in beginning individual highest threshold of response.) tasks are uncoordinated, when earth Williams, R. M. C, 1959, pp. 203-218. pellets achieve a certain density consti- (Africa, East Uganda, flight periods Cubi- tute a new stimulus become starting point termes ugandensis and C. testaceus, wing of pillars and blades. Stimulation workers shedding, calling attitude, tropisms, by performances inducing adaptable re- colony formation.) BIBLIOGRAPHY Esaki, T., Bryan, E. H., Jr., and Gressitt, (Sound production and sound reception J. L., 1955, pp. 1-68. (Bibliography, in- by termites.) sects Micronesia, includes list Japanese Snyder, T. E., 1956, pp. 1-305. (Annotated, publications cited.) subject-heading bibliography 1350 B.C. to Frings, M., and Frings, H., i960, p. 101. A.D. 1954, world, 3,624 references.) — SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I43 BIOGRAPHY Cronin, J. E., 1959, pp. 1-257. (U.S., Hermann pathologist, pioneer in American wood von Schrenk, 1 873-1953, botanist, plant preservation, timber engineer.) BIOLOGY Anonymous, 1959, pp. 17-19. neoteinia, pseudoergates, inhibition Arora, G. L., and Gilotra, S. K., 1959, pp. theory, caste determination.) 247-255. (Pakistan, biology Odontotermes 1960b, pp. 308-315. (France, observations obesus, common termite of Hoshiarpur on mating behavior Reticulitermes lucij- damages clothes, wooden articles, grass, ugus^) sugarcane, trees, both subterranean and 1960c, pp. 494-499. (France, first mating mound builders. Royal cell in center and fecundity of a young primary queen above ground level during rainy months of Reticulitermes lucijugus santonensis?) but to depth 1 ft. in winter and spring. Calaby, J. H., 1956b, pp. 111-124. (Distribu- Workers and soldiers in ratio 97.5% to tion and biology genus Ahamitermes.) 2-5%. Queen secretes large quantity fatty Calaby, J. H., and Gay, F. J., 1956, pp. 19-39. liquid. Swarm once a year after first (Distribution and biology genus Copto- heavy shower, middle July at night. 273 termes
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Eco-Friendly Management of Tea Plantatons Towards Sustainablity
    Vol. 3 (3&4) 2004 Eco-friendly Management of Tea Plan ta tons Towards Sustainablity Technical Session 5 Improving Realization: Non-use of Chemicals Chairman Yukihiko Hara Chapter 21 ECO-FRIENDLY MANAGEMENT OF TEA PLANTATONS TOWARDS SUSTAINABLITY Nalini C. Gnanapragasam* and P. Sivepalan Dr. Nalini Gnanapragasam has more than 33 years of research experience in tea agriculture. She was the Deputy Director In-charge of Research at the Tea Research Institute of Sri Lanka during the period 1990-1995 and also the Head of Nematology Division from 1980-1995. She holds a Master of Philosophy and a Ph.D. degree in the field of Insect Physiology She had been pioneer in directing the environmentally friendly IPM strategies to manage plant parasitic nematode pests of tea and was also involved in management strategies to control selected insect pests using metabolic disrupters. In addition to her research activities she had followed an advanced training program in Agricultural Research Management conducted by USDA in Washington, U.S.A in 1992. At present she is working as a Tea Consultant to some of the plantation companies in Sri Lanka and is the Director of the tea consultancy firm, Crop Optima Limited, INTRODUCTION arrest this dangerous trend could lead the planet Environmental conservation and sustainable into "ecological bankruptcy". agriculture have become trendy subjects discussed at various forums by an increasing number of We who are associated with the plantation industry individuals, ranging from policy makers and have an obligation to conserve the sensitive lands professionals, to average laymen. we have exploited to our advantage, by halting the on-going degenerative processes and maintain The consumption of forests, energy and land by these in a sustainable manner for the continued humans is far outstripping the rate at which the sustenance of generations to come.
    [Show full text]
  • AUSTRALIAN TERMITOPHILES ASSOCIATED with MICROCEROTERMES (Isoptera: Amitermitinae) I
    Pacific Insects 12 (1): 9-15 20 May 1970 AUSTRALIAN TERMITOPHILES ASSOCIATED WITH MICROCEROTERMES (Isoptera: Amitermitinae) I. A new Subtribe, genus, and species (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) with notes on their behavior1 By David H. Kistner2 Abstract: A new Subtribe (Microceroxenina) of the tribe Athetini is described. The single included genus and species (both new) is Microceroxenus alzadae which was cap­ tured with Microcerotermes turneri in North Queensland. Behavioral observations are presented which support the interpretation that Microceroxenus is well-integrated into the social life of the termites. Observations of the release of alates by the host ter­ mites are presented which support the interpretation that the release of alates in these termites is simultaneous among colonies in a given area, is of short duration, and oc­ curs rather infrequently. Not many species of termitophiles have been found with termites of the genus Micro­ cerotermes Silvestri (Amitermitinae) or even from the genera related to Microcerotermes such as Amphidotermes or Globitermes (Ahmad 1950). Only 1 species of staphylinid has been previously recorded and that species is Termitochara kraatzi Wasmann which was collected with Microcerotermes sikorae (Wasmann) from Madagascar (Seevers 1957). The same species of termitophile has also been recorded from a nest of Capritermes capricor- nis (Wasmann), which belongs to an entirely different subfamily (Termitinae), by Was­ mann (1893). No one really believes either of these termites is the true host of the species as the nearest relatives of Termitochara are found principally with the Nasutiter- mitinae. It was therefore a real pleasure to open up a Microcerotermes nest and find numerous staphylinids there, particularly when opening up nests of the same genus in Africa had never yielded any staphylinids.
    [Show full text]
  • Ant‐Termite Interactions
    Biol. Rev. (2020), 95, pp. 555–572. 555 doi: 10.1111/brv.12577 Ant-termite interactions: an important but under-explored ecological linkage Jiri Tuma1,2,3* , Paul Eggleton4 and Tom M. Fayle1,5 1Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic 2Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Soil Biology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic 3Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic 4Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, UK 5Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia ABSTRACT Animal interactions play an important role in understanding ecological processes. The nature and intensity of these inter- actions can shape the impacts of organisms on their environment. Because ants and termites, with their high biomass and range of ecological functions, have considerable effects on their environment, the interaction between them is important for ecosystem processes. Although the manner in which ants and termites interact is becoming increasingly well studied, there has been no synthesis to date of the available literature. Here we review and synthesise all existing literature on ant– termite interactions. We infer that ant predation on termites is the most important, most widespread, and most studied type of interaction. Predatory ant species can regulate termite populations and subsequently slow down the decomposi- tion of wood, litter and soil organic matter. As a consequence they also affect plant growth and distribution, nutrient cycling and nutrient availability. Although some ant species are specialised termite predators, there is probably a high level of opportunistic predation by generalist ant species, and hence their impact on ecosystem processes that termites are known to provide varies at the species level.
    [Show full text]
  • Termites (Isoptera) of Thailand
    TERMITES (ISOPTERA) OF THAILAND MUZAFFER AHMAD BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM'OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME 131: ARTICLE I, NEW, YORK: 1965 TERMITES (ISOPTERA) OF THAILAND MUZAFFER AHMAD Department of Zoology University of the Panjab Lahore, Pakistan BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME 131 : ARTICLE 1 NEW YORK : 1965 BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Volume 131, article 1, pages 1-114, figures 1-114, tables 1-49 Issued December 16, 1965 Price: $2.00 a copy CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ..................... 5 Analysis of the Termite Collection from Thailand. 5 Localities Surveyed . 5 Terminology ................ 6 SYSTEMATIC AcCOUNT .................... 7 Key to the Genera . 7 Family Kalotermitidae . ...................... 9 Genus Postelectrotermes Krishna . 9 Genus Glyptotermes Froggatt.. 10 Genus Bifiditermes Krishna . 14 Genus Cryptotermes Banks . 14 Rhinotermitidae .. .. Family . .. 17 .. .. Subfamily Coptotermitinae . 17 Genus .. .. Wasmann . Coptotermes . 17 Subfamily Rhinotermitinae .... ....... 23 Genus Prorhinotermes Silvestri . 23 Genus Schedorhinotermes Silvestri .................... 24 Family Termitidae . 30 Subfamily Macrotermitinae ..... ........ 30 Macrotermes .. Genus . Holmgren . .. 30 Genus .. Odontotermes . Holmgren . 43 Genus .. .. Hypotermes Holmgren . 53 Genus .. .. Microtermes Wasmann . 57 Amitermitinae .. .. Subfamily . 59 Genus Indotermes .. Roonwal and . Sen-Sarma . 59 Genus .. Wasmann . Speculitermes . 61 Genus .. .. Euhamitermes . Holmgren . 63 Genus .. ... Microcerotermes . Silvestri
    [Show full text]
  • Area 3 Habitat Assessments and Pollinator Surveys October
    Inspiring change for Important Invertebrate Areas in the UK Area 3 habitat assessments and pollinator surveys 11th September 2014 Susan Thompson - Grants & Trusts Officer October 2016 (Updated April 2017) Jamie Robins Saving the small things that run the planet Executive Summary Buglife Services were commissioned by Kier Group Ltd in July 2016 to undertake a series of baseline habitat surveys within the Area 3 network, to identify sites where improvements for pollinators could be implemented. These results were then used to identify ten sites with the highest potential and deliverability, using a ranking exercise, in addition to a Kier owned depot. Buglife Services undertook more detailed habitat assessments and pollinator surveys during brief site visits in August 2016. Of the 11 sites surveyed, a total of 104 pollinator species were recorded. This comprised 18 Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), 33 Hoverflies, 18 other Diptera (true flies), 14 bees, 6 other hymenoptera and 11 other minor pollinators (e.g. true bugs and beetles). A further 38 incidental (non-pollinator) species were also recorded. These results and habitat assessments were used to provide management suggestions to enhance the value of these sites for pollinators. Where possible suggestions aimed to benefit key species recorded during site surveys, such as the Chalk hill blue butterfly (Polyommatus coridon), the Section 41 priority species Straw belle moth (Aspitates gilvaria) and the scarce (Nb) wasp Microdynerus exilis. Finally, recommendations for future survey and monitoring were provided, aiming to inform Kier of the progression of habitat improvements for pollinators and advise future management. Introduction There has been a growing interest in managing road verges and other transport features more sensitively for biodiversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Ants and Termites of the Botanical Garden of the University of Lomé, Togo
    insects Article Diversity of Ants and Termites of the Botanical Garden of the University of Lomé, Togo Boris Dodji Kasseney 1,* , Titati Bassouo N’tie 1, Yaovi Nuto 1, Dekoninck Wouter 2 , Kolo Yeo 3 and Isabelle Adolé Glitho 1 1 Laboratoire d’Entomologie Appliquée, Département de Zoologie et de Biologie Animale, Université de Lomé, 01 BP 1515, Lomé 01, Lome 151, Togo 2 RBINS Scientific Service Heritage/O.D. Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Curator Entomology Collections, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium 3 Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +228-906-156-74 Received: 6 June 2019; Accepted: 22 July 2019; Published: 23 July 2019 Abstract: Ants and termites are used as bioindicators in many ecosystems. Little knowledge is available about them in Togo, especially ants. This study aimed to find out how ants and termites could be used to assess the restoration of former agricultural land. These insect groups were sampled within six transects of 50 2 m2 (using pitfall traps, monoliths, baits for ants and hand sampling for × termites) in two consecutive habitats: open area (grassland) and covered area (an artificial forest). Seventeen termite species and 43 ant species were collected. Seven ant species were specific to the covered area against four for the open area, while four unshared species of termite were found in the open area against three in the covered area. The presence of unshared species was linked to vegetation, as Trinervitermes (Holmgren, 1912), a grass feeding termite, was solely found in open area. Also, for some ant species like Cataulacus traegaordhi (Santschi, 1914), Crematogaster (Lund, 1831) species, Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille, 1802) and Tetraponera mocquerysi (Brown, 1960), all arboreal species, vegetation was a determining factor for their presence.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of the Chemical Defense Fluids of Macrotermes Carbonarius
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Evaluation of the chemical defense fuids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides S. Appalasamy1,2*, M. H. Alia Diyana2, N. Arumugam2 & J. G. Boon3 The use of chemical insecticides has had many adverse efects. This study reports a novel perspective on the application of insect-based compounds to repel and eradicate other insects in a controlled environment. In this work, defense fuid was shown to be a repellent and insecticide against termites and cockroaches and was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC– MS). Globitermes sulphureus extract at 20 mg/ml showed the highest repellency for seven days against Macrotermes gilvus and for thirty days against Periplaneta americana. In terms of toxicity, G. sulphureus extract had a low LC50 compared to M. carbonarius extract against M. gilvus. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of the M. carbonarius extract indicated the presence of six insecticidal and two repellent compounds in the extract, whereas the G. sulphureus extract contained fve insecticidal and three repellent compounds. The most obvious fnding was that G. sulphureus defense fuid had higher potential as a natural repellent and termiticide than the M. carbonarius extract. Both defense fuids can play a role as alternatives in the search for new, sustainable, natural repellents and termiticides. Our results demonstrate the potential use of termite defense fuid for pest management, providing repellent and insecticidal activities comparable to those of other green repellent and termiticidal commercial products. A termite infestation could be silent, but termites are known as destructive urban pests that cause structural damage by infesting wooden and timber structures, leading to economic loss.
    [Show full text]
  • Treatise on the Isoptera of the World Kumar
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by American Museum of Natural History Scientific Publications KRISHNA ET AL.: ISOPTERA OF THE WORLD: 7. REFERENCES AND INDEX7. TREATISE ON THE ISOPTERA OF THE WORLD 7. REFERENCES AND INDEX KUMAR KRISHNA, DAVID A. GRIMALDI, VALERIE KRISHNA, AND MICHAEL S. ENGEL A MNH BULLETIN (7) 377 2 013 BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY TREATISE ON THE ISOPTERA OF THE WORLD VolUME 7 REFERENCES AND INDEX KUMAR KRISHNA, DAVID A. GRIMALDI, VALERIE KRISHNA Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024-5192 AND MICHAEL S. ENGEL Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024-5192; Division of Entomology (Paleoentomology), Natural History Museum and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 1501 Crestline Drive, Suite 140 University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Number 377, 2704 pp., 70 figures, 14 tables Issued April 25, 2013 Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 2013 ISSN 0003-0090 2013 Krishna ET AL.: ISOPtera 2435 CS ONTENT VOLUME 1 Abstract...................................................................... 5 Introduction.................................................................. 7 Acknowledgments . 9 A Brief History of Termite Systematics ........................................... 11 Morphology . 44 Key to the
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Abundance of Subterranean Termites in South India
    Srinivasa Murthy, K. Available Ind. J. Pure online App. Biosci.at www.ijpab.com (2020) 8(5), 141 -149 ISSN: 2582 – 2845 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8193 ISSN: 2582 – 2845 Ind. J. Pure App. Biosci. (2020) 8(5), 141-149 Research Article Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Open Access Journal Diversity and abundance of Subterranean Termites in South India K. Srinivasa Murthy* National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P B No. 2491, H A Farm Post, Bellary Road Bangalore - 560 024, Karnataka, India *Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected] Received: 7.07.2020 | Revised: 12.08.2020 | Accepted: 20.08.2020 ABSTRACT The abundance and diversity of subterranean termites was studied in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Keralae, Karnataka and Tamilnadu. Fifteen species of termites belonging to subfamilies Apicotermitinae, Kalotermitidae, Macrotermitinae and Nasutitermitinae, were recorded. The fungus growing termites (Macrotermitinae) accounted for 66.66% abundance, across the states. The Apicotermitinae (soil feeders) and Kalotermitidae (dry wood termites) registered 6.62% each and the dry wood termites (Nasutitermitinae) recorded 20.1% abundance. Among the different species of termites, Odontermes obesus, was more predominant (15.62%) than others. The cropping pattern, soil type and topography predisposed the abundance and diversity of termites. Keywords: Abundance, Cropping pattern, Diversity, Macrotermitinae. INTRODUCTION Ali, et al., 2013) as they play a vital role in Termites (Isoptera) are considered as the most recycling of plant materials and wood, abundant invertebrates and represent up to modifying and improving the soil condition 95% of soil insect biomass show an elaborated and composition, and providing food for other morphology and complex behaviour (Wang, et animals (Ackerman et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Termiticidal Activity of Bifenthrin and Fipronil Against Mound Building Termite Odontotermes Redemanni Wasmann
    Annals of Sri Lanka Department of Agriculture 2017. 19: 104 - 111 TERMITICIDAL ACTIVITY OF BIFENTHRIN AND FIPRONIL AGAINST MOUND BUILDING TERMITE ODONTOTERMES REDEMANNI WASMANN N.K. HAPUKOTUWA1 AND S. PERERA2 1 Plant Protection Service, Gannoruwa, Sri Lanka 2 Plant Protection Service Subunit, Bombuwala, Sri Lanka ABSTRACT Bifenthrin 10% SC (Maxxthor) and Fipronil 25% EC (Premise) obtained from two new sources were tested during 2014 to determine their termiticidal activity against the mound building termite Odontotermes redemanni Wasmann. Termitariaat open landscape in School of Agriculture, Kundasale, Kandy was randomly as the source of termite. Two new chemicals (Maxxthor and Premise), two reference chemicals (Biflex® and Agenda®) and water (control) were used as treatments with three replicates. Tendried sticks (60 cm long and three cm diameter) of Kapok (Ceibapentandra) were treated and inserted into each termitarium allowing the termites to feed on. Sticks were removed at two time intervals: four and eight weeks and weighed separately to measure the wood consumption. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences (p=0.0001) in wood consumption among the treatments: chemicals and water treated termitaria. Maximum wood consumption (88.4g/8 weeks) was recorded in water treated termitaria. However no significant difference in wood consumption was observed between chemically treated termitaria. Both chemicals irrespective of their active ingredients, formulation or country of origin, performed equally against O. Redemanni revealing that they are appropriate termiticides to control mound building termite problem in Sri Lanka. Key words: Chemical control, Termites, Termitaria, Termiticide, wood consumption. INTRODUCTION Termites are abundant and diverse throughout the world (Donald and Dweight, 1970; Maayiem et al., 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Efficacy of Minimum Application of Chlorfluazuron Baiting to Control
    insects Article Efficacy of Minimum Application of Chlorfluazuron Baiting to Control Urban Subterranean Termite Populations of Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae) Wan Ahmad Syahir Wan Umar and Abdul Hafiz Ab Majid * Household and Structural Urban Entomology Laboratory, Vector Control Research Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia; [email protected] * Correspondence: abdhafi[email protected]; Tel.: +604-6534893; Fax: +604-6565125 Received: 1 August 2020; Accepted: 19 August 2020; Published: 25 August 2020 Simple Summary: The termite baiting system has emerged as a popular option for controlling subterranean termites. The effectiveness of termite baiting depends on the foraging of the termites to encounter the bait, feed on the bait, and the horizontal transfer of residual insecticide deposits between nestmates. However, termite baiting can be costly and time consuming. Thus, this study looks to minimize the termite baiting application which leads to the total colony elimination. Overall, this study found that a termite colony population can be eliminated by selective termite baiting treatment. Abstract: Termite infestations in urban areas are a serious problem because they cause negative economic effects, reduce the esthetic value of buildings, damage crops, and require household repairs. Chemical controls are the most common method used against subterranean termites, and baiting has emerged as one of the prominent control methods. The goal of this research was to determine the efficacy of termite baiting by treating one of six active termite stations (selective baiting) with chlorfluazuron baits to eradicate six populations of subterranean termites. This work shows that the placement of chlorfluazuron baits in one of the active stations was sufficient to destroy a colony that was interconnected with multiple chlorfluazuron-free stations.
    [Show full text]
  • Termites (Isoptera) in the Azores: an Overview of the Four Invasive Species Currently Present in the Archipelago
    Arquipelago - Life and Marine Sciences ISSN: 0873-4704 Termites (Isoptera) in the Azores: an overview of the four invasive species currently present in the archipelago MARIA TERESA FERREIRA ET AL. Ferreira, M.T., P.A.V. Borges, L. Nunes, T.G. Myles, O. Guerreiro & R.H. Schef- frahn 2013. Termites (Isoptera) in the Azores: an overview of the four invasive species currently present in the archipelago. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences 30: 39-55. In this contribution we summarize the current status of the known termites of the Azores (North Atlantic; 37-40° N, 25-31° W). Since 2000, four species of termites have been iden- tified in the Azorean archipelago. These are spreading throughout the islands and becoming common structural and agricultural pests. Two termites of the Kalotermitidae family, Cryp- totermes brevis (Walker) and Kalotermes flavicollis (Fabricius) are found on six and three of the islands, respectively. The other two species, the subterranean termites Reticulitermes grassei Clemént and R. flavipes (Kollar) of the Rhinotermitidae family are found only in confined areas of the cities of Horta (Faial) and Praia da Vitória (Terceira) respectively. Due to its location and weather conditions the Azorean archipelago is vulnerable to coloni- zation by invasive species. The fact that there are four different species of termites in the Azores, all of them considered pests, is a matter of concern. Here we present a comparative description of these species, their known distribution in the archipelago, which control measures are being used against them, and what can be done in the future to eradicate and control these pests in the Azores.
    [Show full text]