CHAPTER SIX

TIAPA aOAIOl::IN

I The Dolionian episode (I 936-n52) may be analyzed in terms of a number of narratives of individual incidents. The whole is inter• spersed with descriptions, similes, aetiological or etymological ex• planations (sometimes coincidental with reports of miracles, some• times not), even a Catalogue or two. That Apollonius, no less than Ovid, utilizes pairing as a structural principle1-for it is essential to the Hellenistic poet's plot that there be two Argonautic arrivals in Dolionia and two departures, two sets of sacrificial rites, two moun• tain climbs, two armed clashes2-will be shown quite clearly in a breakdown of the episode into sections and subsections :3 [I] Introduction: the island and its inhabitants (936-952) [a] The island itself (936-941) 4

1 Paired elements are particularly noteworthy in the Metamorphoses: e.g. the competing tapestries of Minerva and Arachne (VI 7off. and rn3ff.), the opposed speeches of Ajax and Ulysses (XIII 6ff. and 128ff.). With regard to paired elements in the Argonautica (where they are not always laid side by side) see above, Ch. III, also below and Chs. VII and XII especially. 2 E. Fitch, however (see pp. 54££. of his "Apollonius Rhodius and Cyzicus," AJP XXXIII (1912) 43-56), attributes these dualities rather to Apollonius' close adherence to his chief source for local matters, the historian De'i(l)ochus. With regard to an instance of disagreement between poet and historian see p. 93, n. 2 below. 3 For a somewhat different breakdown see Hurst, op. cit. (above, p. 9, n. 1) pp. 62££. and Schema #5 (in the endpapers). Hurst prefers to start at 9rnff. (departure from Lemnos by oar). Thus he is able to include the stop• over at Samothrace (915££. )--or Island of Atlas' daughter Electra, as Apollo• nius puts it in his typically Alexandrian way-and the skirting of Imbros en route to the Propontis (922££.). 4 Apollonius' use of the terms vijaoc; (936 etc.) and la6µ6c; (938) may well indicate awareness that what in historical times was a peninsula had once been separated from the Asiatic mainland by a narrow waterway. Cf. a Laurentian scholium (d) ad Joe.: fo·n 8e x_epp6v7Jaoc;, ecp' ~c; Kth-ou TJ Ku~LK"l)VWV 1t6Aic;· vijaov 8e auT~V !!cp7j 8ux -.o 1tp6-.epov au-.~v o?iaav vijaov Oa-.epov auvijcp6ai TijL ~1tdpwL Concerning other ancient testimonia see W. Ruge s.v. "Kyzikos," RE XII, 1 228ff. The controversy over whether Cyzicus was or was not always a peninsula continues into modern times, with T. Reinach arguing strongly for 88 IIAPA ~OAIOLIN

[b] 6ixuµix ix': The Giants (rriye:vfo;) (942-946) 1 [c] The Doliones (947-952) [2] Among the Doliones (I) (953-984) [a] Arrival at Fair Haven (KixMc; Atµ~v) (953f.) 2 [b] c&nov ix': The enshrined anchor at the Temple of Jason• ian Athena ('IYJO'OVLYJ 'A6~vYJ) (955-960) · [c] Reception of the Argonauts by Cyzicus and his followers (961-965) [d] Sacrificial rites at the altar of Apollo Debarker ('Ex~oc• O'toc; 'Art6AAWV) (966f. )3 the former conclusion (see his "ile ou presqu'ile ?" REG VII (1894) 48-51 ), while most scholars affirm the opposite. See, for example, J. Marquardt, Cyzicus und sein Gebiet (Berlin, 1836); R. de Rustafjaell, "Cyzicus," JH S XXII (1902) 174-189 and Pl. XI (a sketch-map of the area); F. W. Hasluck, "An Inscribed Basis from Cyzicus," ibid. pp. 126-134; Cyzicus (Cambridge, 1910). Delage, op. cit. (above, p. 3, n. 3) p. 98, offers the novel suggestion that Cyzicus was an island in remote antiquity, a peninsula in Scylax' time, an island once again when Apollonius composed his poem. 1 The terms rlycxv-re:c; and I''l)ye:ve:1:c; (I''l)ye:vee:c; in epic hexameter) are em• ployed more or less interchangeably by a number of ancient authors. Apollo• nius, however, utilizes the latter almost exclusively. The sole exception is a reference not to the fierce neighbors of the Doliones, but to the Ln-cxp·rnl, whom Jason must first create (by sowing the dragon's teeth which Aeetes supplies him), then destroy (by cutting them down, once they have sprung up fully armed). Only at III 1054 are the L1t0tp·rn( called rlycxvTe:c;. Elsewhere they are I''l)ye:vee:c; (III 1048; 1338; 1347; 1355; 1380; 1391; IV 365; 1034) or else I'0tt'l)ye:v~c; )..cx6c; (III 1186). 2 No aetiology of the name is attempted. Similarly at 941 Apollonius introduces "Bear Mountain" ("ApxTwv /Spoc;, according to Hoelzlin-cf. 1150: o(lpe:atv "Apx'l'wv-the mss. read "ApxTov) with no more explanation than that this was the name employed by persons dwelling in the vicinity. The triad of conflicting surmises noted by the scholiast is hardly worth quoting. At any rate, in enumerating cxhtcx within the Dolionian episode I have acknowledged only those instances wherein the poet himself has attempted to be explicative. Hence my figure (ten altogether) falls considerably short of the seventeen ( ! ) listed by Stoessl, op. cit. (above, p. 10, n. 1) pp. 24f. 8 Here too express aetiology is omitted, possibly because the connection between the epithet and what has just happened (arrival and coming ashore of the Argonauts) is so clear that further explanation becomes unnecessary. Note that a sacrifice to Apollo 'Ex~iimoc; will be carried out at the time of the landing in Mysia (1186: cited below, p. 132). Note too that the construction of a "shoreside altar" (~wµoc; idxnoc;) to Apollo "Embarker" ('Eµ~iiawc;) was prescribed before the departure of the Argonauts from Pagasae (359ff.). At 402ff., where the carrying out of this prescription is indicated, the same language recurs with a hint of the aetiological added. The altar remains £7tlXX'l'toc; (403); Apollo himself is not only 'Eµ~iimoc; (404), just as before, but also "AxTtoc; ("Shoresider") (ibid.). With regard to these titles see also L. R. Farnell, The Cults of the Greek States (Oxford, 1869-1909) IV 145 and n. 137.