Environment Hong Kong 2018
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ENVIRONMENT香港環境保護 HONG KONG 2018 ENVIRONMENT HONG KONG 2018 03 Foreword By The Secretary For The Environment Table of 05 Permanent Secretary / Director’s message Contents 06 Pollution Prevention and Control Air 07 Noise 13 Water 16 Environmental Assessment 20 Environmental Compliance 23 27 Resource Management Waste Reduction 28 Waste Facilities 33 Energy 37 Nature Conservation 40 43 Stakeholder Engagement Building Partnerships 44 Community Awareness 48 52 Sustainable Development 56 Cross-boundary and International Co-operation Foreword By The Secretary For The Environment -02- ùùwww.enb.gov.hk ùùwww.epd.gov.hk ENVIRONMENT HONG KONG 2018 According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Statement on the State of the Global Climate, 2017 was among the three warmest years on record and FOREWORD BY the warmest year without an El Niño event. The major cause of global warming is anthropogenic greenhouse THE SECRETARY gas emissions. For Hong Kong, 2017 was also among the third warmest since records began in 1884. The FOR THE subsidence effect ahead of Super Typhoon Hato’s circulation brought oppressive heat to the territory ENVIRONMENT on 22 August as the temperature at the Hong Kong Observatory soared to an all-time record-breaking high of 36.6 degrees. The peak electricity consumption on that day also hit a record high in Hong Kong. With the attack of Hato coinciding with the astronomical tide, storm surges induced resulted in serious sea water flooding and damage in many low-lying areas. The water level at Quarry Bay reached a maximum of 3.57 mCD (metres above Chart Datum), the second highest since instrumental records began in 1954. Actions are called for combating climate change. In January 2017, the Government, in response to the Paris Agreement, unveiled the Hong Kong’s Climate Action Plan 2030+ which mapped out strategies and actions on mitigation, adaptation and resilience to combat climate change transcending 2030, including the carbon reduction target and key measures for 2030. Among others, a target was set by the Government to reduce Hong Kong’s carbon intensity by 65-70% by 2030 using 2005 as the base, and one of the major considerations was changing the fuel mix for electricity generation. By introducing Foreword By The Secretary For The Environment -03- ùùwww.enb.gov.hk ùùwww.epd.gov.hk ENVIRONMENT HONG KONG 2018 cleaner sources of energy and promoting more efficient countryside and biodiversity as legacy for our future implement a PRS targeting at plastic containers containing combat climate change, promote energy saving for all, energy saving, we will not only reduce carbon emissions generations. Meanwhile, the Government has implemented beverages and personal care products. enhance ecological conservation, encourage people to to help combat global climate change, but also improve Hong Kong Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2016- “Use Less, Waste Less” as well as enhance environmental the local and regional environments, including improving 2021 to enhance the protection of our natural resources and The Cross-Harbour Race was re-staged in late October livability. We hope that the public will join hands to reduce air quality to create a healthier and better place for living. encourage the community to participate in it. 2017 with swimmers racing across the Victoria Harbour. carbon and waste and to be a “Hanson” (Champion of Over 3,000 participants swam from Tsim Sha Tsui to Energy Saving) instead of a “Big Waster”, so that Hong At the end of April 2017, the Government signed the In October 2017, the Government announced some Wan Chai, which was the classic swim route of the Kong can become a greener and more livable city with post-2018 Scheme of Control Agreements (SCAs) with modifications to the proposed implementation Cross-Harbour Race 40 years ago. After the completion scenic mountains and seas for public enjoyment. the two power companies respectively. Their main arrangements for municipal solid waste charging to of the Harbour Area Treatment Scheme in recent years, provisions fully reflect the Government’s commitments to expand the use of pre-paid designated garbage bags, the water quality of the Victoria Harbour has improved reducing energy intensity and combating climate change which would enable the charging regime to achieve the markedly. T·PARK in Tuen Mun carries out centralised in line with the vision of the Hong Kong’s Climate Action polluter-pays principle to a greater extent and provide treatment of the sludge generated from the Harbour Area Plan 2030+. Featuring enhanced promotion of energy financial incentives to waste reduction at source, “Dump Treatment Scheme and other sewage treatment works, so efficiency and conservation and introduction of Feed- Less, Save More”. Meanwhile, the Government has been as to turn waste into energy. T·PARK has won a number in Tariff to encourage the development of distributed pursuing a multi-pronged approach to reduce waste, of local and international awards, and the Harbour Area renewable energy in the community, the new SCAs are the including promoting a “Use Less, Waste Less” culture Treatment Scheme was also awarded the 15th Tien-yow “greenest” ever reached with the power companies. amongst the commercial and industrial sectors and the Jeme Civil Engineering Prize. general public, and soliciting their support for a circular In early April 2017, the Government announced the economy. The Yuen Long Community Green Station (CGS) The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Pearl River Delta commencement of a series of programmes celebrating , Kwun Tong CGS and Sham Shui Po CGS commenced Regional Air Quality Monitoring Network Report for 2017 the 40th anniversary of country parks with the theme of operation successively during the year to provide released by the Government pointed out that the annual “Country Parks Our Legacy”. As at the end of last year, recycling support at the district level. We have also been average concentration levels of nitrogen dioxide, sulphur we had 24 country parks and 22 special areas which actively taking forward the implementation of producer dioxide and respirable suspended particulates in the Pearl covered about 40% of the land in Hong Kong. In recent responsibility schemes (PRSs), including awarding the River Delta Region fell by 26%, 77% and 34% respectively years, their total area has increased slightly by about 50 glass management contracts for Hong Kong Island and the in 2017 compared with the 2006 levels. The figures hectares. The main functions of country parks are nature New Territories regions under the PRS on glass beverage show that not only the local air quality of Hong Kong has conservation, education and countryside recreation. containers, which would expand the collection network for improved in recent years, but the regional air quality has While sharing and enjoying the country parks, the public waste glass containers; and launching the Removal Service also improved significantly through regional cooperation should work together on environmental protection and Trial Scheme to prepare for the implementation of the PRS in emission reduction. waste reduction, including “Take Your Litter Home” to on waste electrical and electronic equipment. Meanwhile, Mr. Wong Kam-sing, GBS, JP conserve the nature, and preserve the beauty of the we also commenced a consultancy study on how to The Government has been striving to improve air quality, Secretary for the Environment Foreword By The Secretary For The Environment -04- ùùwww.enb.gov.hk ùùwww.epd.gov.hk ENVIRONMENT HONG KONG 2018 Achieving sustainable improvements to the environment are also expanding producer responsibility schemes to and help counter the global smuggling of ivory, the is not an easy task, but Hong Kong has been making firm cover more products. Government has introduced the Protection of Endangered PERMANENT progress towards that goal. In 2017, we unveiled major Species of Animals and Plants (Amendment) Bill 2017 to policy decisions in two areas – waste and energy – that Energy was another major focus during the year as part the Legislative Council to phase out local trade in ivory by SECRETARY / also have positive side effects on other environmental of our efforts to reduce both greenhouse gas emissions end of 2021. The Bill also seeks to increase the penalties issues, such as air pollution. These policies will take us in and air pollution. We released Hong Kong’s Climate to provide a stronger deterrent against the smuggling and DIRECTOR’S new directions and facilitate positive change in the wider Action Plan 2030+, which sets a target of reducing carbon illegal trading of endangered species. community. intensity by 65-70% by 2030, using 2005 as the baseline. MESSAGE This is a major step towards meeting our obligations The outcome of our work is set out in greater details in Waste reduction is a particularly urgent priority because towards climate change and will involve sourcing fuel for this report. Their inter-connectivity means that as the Hong Kong has limited land space for disposing of waste. electricity from cleaner sources (e.g. natural gas), making Government makes progress improving each individual One option is to reduce the waste volume through high- more efficient use of energy and controlling emissions. area, the impacts ripple into other areas too. The temperature clean waste to energy treatment, which has Government is embracing this more holistic approach to been successfully applied to handling sewage sludge Along that vein, new Scheme of Control Agreements protecting Hong Kong’s environment and is well into the and will be used in the near future for treating municipal have been signed with the power companies to promote process of implementing more sustainable policies and solid waste (MSW). In 2017, we awarded a design-build- energy efficiency and conservation and renewable solutions for attaining green, low-carbon living. operate contract for the Integrated Waste Management energy. Emission caps from power plants will also be Facilities Phase 1 that will reduce waste bulk by 90%.