INDIAN RAILWAYS GROUP 'D' RECRUITMENT EXAMINATION GUIDE, 2014

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Indian Railways Group 'D' Recruitment Examination Guide, 2014 ISBN: 978-93259-7162-2

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Printed in India. PREFACE

The Indian Railways, as one of the pillars of India’s infrastructure, has a symbiotic relationship with the country’s industry and economy. The Railways play a crucial role in the transport of coal, iron ore and raw materials for the manufacturing industry, fertilizers, cement and steel products and food-grain, and in the movement to and from the major ports, as well as the transportation of people. Transport being a derived demand, any growth in the economy fuels the demand for transport. This book, Indian Railways Group ‘D’ Recruitment Examination Guide (under the Prep Booster Series), has been developed as an all-inclusive resource for aspirants preparing for the tests conducted by the Railways Recruitment Cell for Trackman/ Traffic Porter/ Gateman/ Khalasi/ Safaiwala/ Carriage Cleaner/ DSL Cleaner/ Hamal/ Chowkidar/ Station Peon/ Cook/ Helper/ Traffic Khalasi/ Trolleyman/ Hospital Attendant/ Station Porter/ Parcel Porter/ Scale Porter/ Call Boy/ Box Boy/ Running Room Baira/ Watchman/ Gang Man/ Token Porter, etc. It is useful for all the tests being conducted for the railway zones such as Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western, North Eastern, Central and Konkan Railways.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA

Railway Recruitment Cell invites applications from bona fide citizens of India and such other candidates declared eligible by the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, to fill up a set of posts in various pay bands. For the Group ‘D’ examinations, the minimum educational qualifications asked is 10th pass, ITI or equivalent or National Apprenticeship Certificate (NAC) granted by the NCVT. Candidates appearing/or awaiting results of 10th/ITI or equivalent on the date of application are NOT eligible to apply.

AGE LIMIT

Age (in completed years) for the recruitment is 18-33 years. The upper age limit is relaxable for the following specified categories to the extent indicated below. (i) 5 years for candidates belonging to SC/ST communities; (ii) 3 years for candidates belonging to OBC communities; (iii) 5 years for candidates who have originally been domiciled in the State of Jammu & Kashmir during the period from 01.01.1980 to 31.12.1989; (iv) Persons with Disabilities (PWD) – 10 years for UR, 13 years for OBC and 15 years for SC/ST candidates; (v) For Serving Railway Staff, the relaxation in upper age limit will be up to 40 years for Unreserved candidates, 45 years for SC/ST candidates and 43 years for OBC candidates, provided they have put in a minimum of 3 years’ service (continuous or in broken spells). (vi) Relaxation of age iv ❍ PREFACE will be to the extent of service rendered by them in Defence Service, plus three years, provided they have put in a minimum of 6 months’ service after attestation; (vii) In Quasi-Administrative offices of the Railway organization, the relaxation will be up to the length of service rendered, subject to a maximum of 5 years; (viii) Upper age limit in case of widows, divorced women and women judicially separated from the husband but not remarried shall be relaxed up to 35 years for Unreserved, 38 years for OBC and 40 years for SC/ST candidates; (ix) the upper age limit in case of Course Completed Act Apprentices applying for those posts whose minimum qualification is Course Completed Act Apprenticeship shall be relaxed to the extent of apprentice training undergone by them under the Apprenticeship Act 1961.

MODE OF SELECTION

The recruitment procedure consists of written examination, followed by Physical Efficiency Test (PET). Candidates who fulfil the eligibility conditions will be called for written examination.

Written Examination Written Examination will consists of 100 objective type multiple choice ques- tion paper (may change without notice) based on 10th class to assess the General Knowledge, Aware- ness, Mathematics, Reasoning, etc. The question paper will be printed in Hindi, English, Punjabi & Urdu only.

Negative Marking There will be negative marking for marking wrong answers. 1/3 mark will be deducted for each wrong answer. Only those candidates who qualify in the Written Examination will be called for the Physical Efficiency Test (PET). Candidates to the extent of three times the number of vacancies in order of merit out of those who have obtained the prescribed minimum pass marks in the written examination will be called for the PET as per the standard mentioned below. A separate admit card indicating date, time and venue will be sent to the qualified candidates for PET.

Physical Efficiency Test (PET) Passing the Physical Efficiency Test (PET) is mandatory and the same will be qualifying in nature. The criterion for the PET is as under:

Male candidates—Should be able to run for a distance of 1000 meters in 4 minutes 15 seconds in one chance. Female candidates—Should be able to run for a distance of 400 meters in 3 minutes 10 seconds in one chance.

Persons with disabilities are exempted from appearing in PET. The candidates will be called for the verification of the original certificates based on basis of merit of the written examination and qualifying in the PET. The candidate may note that merely qualifying in the Written Examination and PET does not entitle them for appointment in Railways.

ABOUT INDIAN RAILWAYS

• Indian Railways, the premier transport organization of the country, is the largest rail network in Asia and the world’s second largest under one management. • The first railway in the Indian subcontinent ran over a stretch of 21 miles from Bombay to Thane. PREFACE ❍ v

• The idea of a railway to connect Bombay with Thane, Kalyan, and with the Thal and Bhore Ghats first occurred to Mr George Clark, the Chief Engineer of the Bombay Government, during a visit to Bhandup in 1843. • The formal inauguration ceremony was performed on 16 April 1853, when 14 railway carriages carrying about 400 guests left Bori Bunder. • The first passenger train steamed out of Howrah station destined for Hooghly, a distance of 24 miles, on 15 August 1854. • The first section of the East Indian Railway was opened to public traffic, inaugurating the beginning of railway transport on the Eastern side of the subcontinent. • In the South, the first line was opened on 1 July 1856 by the Madras Railway Company. It ran between Vyasarpadi Jeeva Nilayam (Veyasarpandy) and Walajah Road (Arcot), a distance of 63 miles. • In the North, a length of 119 miles of line was laid from Allahabad to Kanpur on 3 March 1859. The first section from Hathras Road to Mathura Cantonment was opened to traffic on 19th October 1875. • These were the small beginnings which in due course developed into a network of railway lines all over the country. By 1880 the Indian Railway system had a route mileage of about 9000 miles. • Today, the Indian Railways is a multi-gauge, multi-traction system covering:

Gauge Route Running Track Total Track (in km) (in km) (in km) Broad Gauge (1676 mm) 55,188 77,347 1,02,680 Meter Gauge (1000 mm) 6,809 7,219 8,561 Narrow Gauge (762 mm and 610 mm) 2,463 2,474 2,753 TOTAL 64,460 87,040 1,13,994

• The rolling stock fleet of Indian Railways in service as on 31 March 2011 comprised 43 Steam, 5137 diesel and 4033 electric locomotives.

INDIAN RAILWAYS—17 ZONES

Indian Railways is divided into 17 zones, and each zone has many divisions under it. A list of zones, their headquarters and respective divisions along with some more important information has been listed in the table below:

S. No Name of the Zone Date Route Headquarters Divisions Established (km) 1. Central 1951 3905 Mumbai Mumbai, Bhusawal, Pune, Solapur, Nagpur 2. East Central 2002 3628 Hajipur , Dhanbad, Mughalsarai, Samastipur, Sonpur 3. East Coast 2003 2677 Bhubaneswar Khurda Road, Sambalpur and Waltair (Visakhapatnam) 4. Eastern 1952 2414 Kolkata Howrah, Sealdah, Asansol, Malda Continued vi ❍ PREFACE

S. No Name of the Zone Date Route Headquarters Divisions Established (km) 5. North Central 2003 3151 Allahabad Allahabad, Agra, Jhansi 6. North Eastern 1952 3667 Gorakhpur Izzatnagar, Lucknow, Varanasi 7. North Western 2002 5459 Jaipur Jaipur, Ajmer, Bikaner, Jodhpur 8. Northeast Frontier 1958 3907 Guwahati Alipurduar, Katihar, Rangia, Lumding, Tinsukia 9. Northern 1952 6968 Delhi Delhi, Ambala, Firozpur, Lucknow, Moradabad 10. South Central 1966 5803 Secunderabad Vijayawada, Hyderabad, Guntakal, Guntur, Nanded, Secunderabad 11. South East Central 2003 2447 Bilaspur Bilaspur, Raipur, Nagpur 12. South Eastern 1955 2631 Kolkata Adra, Chakradharpur, Kharagpur, Ranchi 13. South Western 2003 3177 Hubli Hubli, , Mysore 14. Southern 1951 5098 Chennai Chennai, Trichy, Madurai, Salem, Palakkad, Thiruvananthapuram 15. West Central 2003 2965 Jabalpur Jabalpur, Bhopal, Kota 16. Western 1951 6182 Mumbai Mumbai Central, Ratlam, Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Bhavnagar, Vadodara 17. 2010 Kolkata Kolkata metropolitan Railway area,South 24 Parganas,North 24 Parganas

PRODUCTION UNITS AND WHAT THEY PRODUCE

Name [Establishment Year] Main products Golden Rock Railway Workshop—Trichy [1928] Diesel-electric Locomotives Chittaranjan Locomotive Works—Chittaranjan, Asansol [1947] Electric Locomotives —Chennai [1952] Passenger coaches Diesel Locomotive Works—Varanasi [1961] Diesel Locomotives Diesel-Loco Modernisation Works—Patiala [1981] Diesel-electric Locomotives —Bangalore [1984] Railway wheels and axles Rail Coach Factory—Kapurthala [1986] Passenger coaches Rail Spring Karkhana— [1988] Passenger coach springs Rail Coach Factory—Raebareli [2012] Passenger coaches Rail Wheel Factory—Chhapra [2012] Railway wheels PREFACE ❍ vii

PUBLIC SECTOR UNDERTAKINGs (PSUS) OF INDIAN RAILWAYS

1. RITES—Rail India Technical & Economic Services Ltd 2. IRCON—Indian Railway Construction International Ltd 3. IRFC—Indian Railway Finance Commission 4. CONCOR—Container Corporation of India Ltd 5. KRCL—Konkan Railway Corporation Ltd 6. MRVNL—Mumbai Ltd 7. IRCTC—Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Ltd 8. RailTel—Railtel Corporation of India Ltd 9. RVNL—Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd 10. DFCCIL—Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of Indian Ltd 11. BWEL—Bharat Wagon and Engineering Co. Ltd 12. BSCL— Ltd 13. BCL—Braithwaite and Company Ltd

TYPES OF PASSENGER SERVICES

Train Description These are air-conditioned trains linking major cities to New Delhi. They have high priority and are one of the fastest trains in India, travelling at about 130 km/h (82 mph). They have only a few stops. The Shatabdi trains are air-conditioned intercity trains for travel during the day. They have seats and executive class seats. Some of these have 3-tier AC berths. They are the fastest trains in India, travelling at about 144 km/h. Jan Shatabdi Express trains are a more affordable variety of the Shatabdi Express, which have both AC and non-AC classes. The maximum speed is 130 km/h. Express These are the most common kind of trains in India. They have more stops than their super-fast counterparts, but they stop only at relatively important intermediate stations. Intercity Superfast These are trains that have an average speed greater than 80 km/h (50 mph). Express/Mail Tickets for these trains have an additional superfast surcharge. Garib Rath Air-conditioned no-frills trains with seats and 3-tier economy AC berths. The maximum speed is 130 km/h. Duronto These are the non-stop (except for operational stops) point-to-point rail Express services introduced for the first time in 2009. They connect the metros and major state capitals of India and are faster than Rajdhani Express. They provide first AC, two-tier AC and three-tier AC accommodation. Some of them provide sleeper class accommodation. Passenger and Fast These are slow trains that stop at most stations along the route and are the Passenger cheapest trains. The trains generally have unreserved seating accommodation but some night trains have sleeper and 3-tier AC compartments. Suburban trains These trains operate in the urban areas of Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad, Pune and between Kanpur & Lucknow, usually stop at all stations and have unreserved seating accommodation. Metros and Monorails These trains are designed for city transport in metro cities of India.

CONTENTS

Preface iii

PART 1. REASONING

Chapter 1. Series Completion 1.3 Chapter 2. Analogy 2.1 Chapter 3. Classification 3.1 Chapter 4. Coding/Decoding 4.1 Chapter 5. Direction Test 5.1 Chapter 6. Blood Relation and Family Test 6.1 Chapter 7. Inserting Missing Characters 7.1

PART 2. QUANTITATIVE APTITUDE

Chapter 8. Number System 8.3 Chapter 9. HCF and LCM 9.1 Chapter 10. Powers and Roots 10.1 Chapter 11. Decimals and Fractions 11.1 Chapter 12. Simplification 12.1 Chapter 13. Average 13.1 Chapter 14. Ratio and Proportion 14.1 Chapter 15. Percentage 15.1 Chapter 16. Simple and Compound Interest 16.1 Chapter 17. Profit and Loss 17.1 Chapter 18. Partnership 18.1 Chapter 19. Pipes and Cisterns 19.1 Chapter 20. Time and Work 20.1 Chapter 21. Time and Distance 21.1 Chapter 22. Geometry 22.1 Chapter 23. Area and Volume 23.1 Chapter 24. Series 24.1 x ❍ CONTENTS

PART 3. GENERAL AWARENESS AND GENERAL SCIENCE

Chapter 25. Indian History 25.3 Chapter 26. Geography 26.1 Chapter 27. Indian Polity 27.1 Chapter 28. Indian Economy 28.1 Chapter 29. General Knowledge 29.1 Chapter 30. Physics 30.1 Chapter 31. Chemistry 31.1 Chapter 32. Biology 32.1 Chapter 33. Computers and Technology 33.1

PART 4. PREVIOUS YEAR’S QUESTION PAPERS

Paper 2013 3 Paper 2012 8 PART 1 REASONING

1 SERIES COMPLETION

Here, we have following types of questions which are 4. 2, 6, 12, 36, 72, 216, 432, ____ commonly found in question papers. (a) 1001 (b) 2401 (c) 1296 (d) 1389 (I) Number Series (II) Letter Series 5. 2, 5, 9, 14, 20, 27, 35, 44, ____ (III) Letter/Number Series (Combined Series) (a) 48 (b) 51 (IV) Order/Pattern Series (c) 54 (d) 58 (V) Analogical Classification Questions Based Upon Series Completion Rules ANSWER KEYS ❍ NUMBER SERIES 1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (c) These tests consist of series of numbers (digits). The number/digit series generally follow a sequence formed by EXPLANATIONS (i) arithmetic operations involved in the series- 1. There are two series, one starting from 5 and building (addition, subtraction, multiplication, other from 9, alternatively increased by one division, etc.) each time. (ii) changing orders (increase/decrease) of the 2. 49 being square of progressively ascending digits figures 3, 4, 5 and 6. (iii) logical movement of the digits or numbers 3. Alternatively the figures are multiplied by two and figures with a progressive difference of two These tests generally have a form similar to the are subtracted. following examples. 4. Figures are multiplied by 3 and 2 respectively. 5. The series is the operation of addition function Directions (Q 1–5) Write the next number to complete as shown below the series. 2 (+3) 5 (+4) 9 (+5) 14 (+6) 20 (+7) . . . 44 1. 5, 9, 6, 10, 7, 11, 8, 12, ____ (+10) 54 (a) 13 (b) 15 (c) 9 (d) 10 2. 3, 9, 4, 16, 5, 25, 6, 36, 7, ____ ❍ LETTER SERIES (a) 39 (b) 42 (c) 49 (d) 53 Here, generally, the series consists of alphabets placed in specific patterns. These questions have forms 3. 5, 10, 8, 16, 12, 24, 18, ____ similar to the following questions. You are advised (a) 31 (b) 39 to go through the explanations and study the rules (c) 36 (d) 42 which form the logic behind the series completion. 1.4 ❍ PART 1: REASONING

# Directions Study carefully the following five let- AHA BGC CFE DEG EDI ter series marked (a) to (e) and try to understand the FCK GBM HAO and so on rule in each case: Rule 4: The first and last letter of each term are made (a) AAP CBO ECN GDM IEL by skipping four immediately following let- (b) VAO UDM TGK SJI RMG ters. The middle letter is in alphabetic sequence (c) AHA BGC CFE DEG EDI starting from letter ‘S’. Hence the series runs as: (d) FSK GTL HUM IVN JWO (e) ABH BCG CDF DEE EFD A (BCDE) F G (HIJK) L H (IJKL) M I (JKLM) N In each of the following questions a term is given S T U V which belongs to one of the above series. Find out to J (KLMN) O K (LMNO) P which series it belongs: W X Q. 1 KXP (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Rule 5: The first and second letters are formed by Q. 2 KFK (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) moving each letter one step forward and the Q. 3 QPE (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) last letter moves backward in alphabetical Q. 4 FCK (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) order. Hence Q. 5 HIA (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Q. 6 MGJ (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) ABH BCG CDF DEE EFD FGC GHB HIA Q. 7 PSC (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Q. 8 GBM (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Or we can also say: The first two letters are Q. 9 FGC (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) adjoining letters in alphabetic sequence, Q. 10 GHB (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) i.e. AB, BC, CD, DE, EF. The last letter is moving backward, hence ANSWER KEYS Based on above rules, answers to Question 1–10 are: A B H B C G C D F D E E E F D F G C G H B H I A 1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (e) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (e) 10. (e)

EXPLANATIONS ❍ LETTER-NUMBER COMBINED For Questions 1 to 10 SERIES Rules applied to form the series are: (a) In these types of questions, letters and numbers Rule 1: The first letter of each term is moved two are given in a specific order/pattern. After steps forward. The second letter moves one determining the pattern involved, select from step forward. The last letter moves one step answer choices the appropriate letter and backward. Hence the series runs as: number to replace the question mark and AAP CBO ECN GDM IEL KFK MGJ complete the series. and so on 1. C/2 F/3 I/5 L/8 O/13 ?? Rule 2: The first letter of each term moves by one (a) T/21 (b) R/16 step backward. The second letter moves three (c) R/21 (d) S/21 steps forward. The last letter moves two steps backward. Hence the series runs as: 2. C3 F6 I9 L12 ? VAO UDM TGK SJI RMG QPE PSC (a) O13 (b) Q17 OVA and so on (c) P15 (d) O15 Rule 3: The first letter of each term moves by one step forward. The second letter moves backward 3. D 5 F 7 ? by one step each time. The third letter moves (a) L (b) I two steps forward. Hence the sereis runs as: (c) H (d) G Indian Railway Group D Recruitment Examination 2014

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