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November, 1964

EPARTMENT OF FISHERIES OF CANADA•OTTAWA PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES OF CANADA

CON TENTS

FEATURES

Mechanized Squid Jigger 3 The Fisheries of Quebec 6

CANADIAN FISHERIES NEWS New Fisheries Research Board Appointments 9 New IPHC Member Dr. D.B. Finn Appointed Commissioner for Salt Fish Inquiry Giant Turtle Caught in Newfoundland

Fishery Figures for September

FISHERIES NEWS FROM ABROAD

14-15 Iceland: Export Table, 1963-64 N the ca jigger CURRENT READING 16 ging g large fishes place, COVER PHOTOGRAPH: Fishermen checking their gear on a stratE dock at North West Cove, Nova Scotia. early

fishes to the The contents of TRADE NEWS are Crown Copyrighted but may be reprinted in other publications. Referee to the source, however, would be appreciated. For further information with regard to TRADE NEWS v, to the Director of the Information and Consumer Service, Department of Fisheries, Ottawa, Can Multiple squid jigging devices mounted on rail, operated by hand crank.

Newfoundland Fishermen Test Japanese Method

Mechanized Squid Jigger

By J.J. QUIGLEY

EWFOUNDLAND fishermen are learning from ,the Japanese North Atlantic factory trawler "Teyno N their Japanese counterparts how to increase Maru". the catch of squid. For centuries, the hand-line jigger has been used on Newfoundland's squid jig- Cost of the project is being borne jointly by ging grounds as the principal means of securing the the Newfoundland and federal Governments, as well large stocks of bait fish needed for the inshore cod- as Northeastern Fish Industries Ltd., owners and fishery. The conventional jigger may soon be re- operators of one of Newfoundland's largest filleting placed, however, if the new method being demon- and freezing plants. The early stages of the project strated by the Japanese proves more efficient, and were co-ordinated by the Industrial Development early tests are highly convincing. Service of the federal Department of Fisheries.

The me chaniz e d method is being shown to The mechanism c on s i s t s of drum haulers, fishermen in Conception Bay by a technician on loan (which are mounted on the boat's railing), special ons. Referent to the Newfoundland Department of Fisheries from lure hooks, and a light attraction system. Besides E NEWS w awa, Cam - 3 - being more productive, the hauler eliminates the back-breaking, arm-wrenching work in volved in the traditional jigging operation. The drum assem- ti is so compact that six units can be mounted along the perimeter of a small longliner type vessel and operated simultaneously.

FISHERMEN IMPRESSED Initial experimental operation in Newfound- land waters of the Japanese-invented automatic squid angling machine produced results that were most encouraging, and veteran fishermen who were cynical about the whole business of trying to catch squid with "the new-fangled foreign equipment" be- came interested. They noticed that the vessel using the new device had taken in one hour nearly 4,000 pounds of squid, while a fisherman nearby, using the traditional jiggers and trap had taken in only 600 pounds. This was something to think about.

As axle fisher man put it: "We were really impressed, and it is surprising that no one thought of catching squid this way before. The equipment is simple and economical". Actually, no special skill is required to install and operate the equipment, and as for cost there is no problem. Even scrap metal or wood can be used to a large extent in as- sembling the unit, lea v in g only the jiggers and lines to be purchased.

The light attraction system used in the experi- fseetgo Light attraction system on board the M/V "H. and ment consists of three 100-watt ordinary light sugge Hann". bulbs, suspended on a boom extending about eight W . obtain bright

as the

the eJ( with c fabutytuatthcel,

With poss: lines

foun'

a ever alon may peri rem and

yeas Japanese experts and Newfoundland fishermen making a chute' for the squid jigging device. afte

- 4 - Squid being hauled on boar d during demonstration The M/V "H. and W. Hann" with devices rigged to of Japanese method. rail.

feet over the deck. Already, local fishermen have hoped to demonstrate that with the Japanese equip- suggested that perhaps even better results could be ment the squid can be taken in the deep offshore obtained if a light r e s embling twilight or dawn waters, as well as inshore. This would mean that brightness were developed. failure of the squid to strike inshore in any year need not result in a bait famine . Instead of the The jiggers used are much the same in shape fishermen being dependent on the movement of the as the traditional lead ones but the body is of col- squid schools, they would be able to seek out and oured plastic. Another difference is that the head of fish the stocks, regardless of the migration the Japanese jigger has two sets of pins, compared pattern. This would indeed be a great boon for the with only one in the Newfoundland units. The jiggers, fishing industry. attached to a m on of i lame n t line, are set about a foot apart, and the number of jiggers is limited only With the new invention the Japanese have had by the length of line one wishes to use. tremendous success, and indications are that the harvest of Illex ilbecebrosis byNewfoundlandfisher- A machine for turning the drum is on order. men can be similarly increased through use of the With this accessory properly installed, it should be same device. possible for one man to op e r ate as many as ten lines of jiggers. Though less colorful than the scene produced by scores of fishermen in oilskins jigging from a The small species of squid common to New- variety of small boats, which has been the subject foundland w ate r s is known a s Illex ilbecebrosis of song and story, the Japanese way may well prove (about 20 inches in length at maturity). This is the superior and if the present experiment is success- species that also frequents Japanese waters. How- ful the hand-line jigger may soon become a thing of ever, whereas the North Atlantic squid move inshore the past. fie along the Newfoundland coasts in late summer and may be taken a stone's throw from the coast for a Prairie Fishermen's Broadcast period of six to eight weeks, the Japanese variety The time of the Fishermen's Radio Broadcast remain in deep water and are fished 10 to 15 miles in the Central Area has been changed to 6. 45 a.m. and more from the coastline. every Saturday. The change was made, from noon on Tuesdays and Fridays, because many fishermen Squid are plentiful in Newfoundland waters this do not take radios along with them during winter year, but there are y ears when the much sought fishing. The Saturday morning broadcast began on after bait fish do not come in to shoal water. It is CBW -- 990 on .

- 5 - fishing local E

inland ing is or the

Gulf o is the Strait Prince most 1 Orpha and P: nental North St-PiE au- To

rence Pierr such River the im Reser Centr , and ri

ritori rence Kam° , counti Gaspe Longliner of the type known as "La Gaspesienne" in the St. Lawrence River. St. La and D other the M URING the past 20 years, fishermen in Quebec other Canadian provinces: Manitoba, Saskatchewan, D have landed between 100 and 150 million pounds Alberta and Ontario report catches of between 100 of fish each year . Depending on fluctuations in the and 175 million pounds with a value of from $10 to pound landed price of fish, the value of the above annual 12 million. 1961. catches varied between 2 and 5 million dollars. 7,918 The total fish catch of Cana dian provinces meant Quebec accounts for about ten per cent of the thus a mount s to some two billion pounds, worth 1962 : quantity of fish landed on the Canadian Atlantic coast about 100 million dollars. each year. Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, New Bruns- proce wick, Prince Edward Island and Quebec together Quebec stands fifth among the provinces for cesse catch between 1 billion and one billion 600 million quantities of fish landed and value of the catch, after such : pounds of fish annually, the aggregate value reaching British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and 60 million dollars . British Columbia lands be- saltec New Brunswick. In some years Ontario ranks with fertili tween 600 and 700 million pounds, the total value of Quebec on account of the high commercial value of which varies between 30 and 45 million dollars. The ment certain kinds of fresh water fish caught and landed $7,64 in that province. The accompanying article was extracted from the 1963 Quebec Yearbook , published by the It is at the regional level that Quebec fisheries fishin Quebec Bureau of Statistics. are important. In the Gaspe peninsula, on the St. caugh Lawrence North Shore and in the Magdalen Islands, lobstE

- 6 - fishing ma kes a considerable contribution to the widest appeal. There are in operation over 2,654 local economy. boats of less than 10 tons. The fishermen invested $166, 151 for construction of hulls and purchase of DIVISION OF FISHERIES motors for these beats; 155 vessels of 10 to 95 tons were used for deep-sea fishing in 1962. These The fisheries of the province are divided into vessels stay away from port for periods of more inland and sea fisheries, according to whether fish- than one day, as opposed to the small coastal boats ing is done in the fresh water of the lakes and rivers previously mentioned. These off-shore vessels are or the salt water of the St. Lawrence Gulf and River. the class being developed for Quebec's modern fish- ing fleet. Some $1,633,040 was invested in 1962 in The vast body of water which constitutes the hulls, m o to r s and electronic equipment for such Gulf of St. Lawrence and the estuary of this river vessels. Fishing gear of all types, otter trawls, is the site for sea fishing. The limits are Belle Isle trawl-lines, hand-lines, gill nets, traps, seines Strait, Newfoundland, Cab ot Strait, Nova Scotia, and weirs cost the fishermen $662, 472 in 1962. Prince Edward Island and New B run swick. The most highly exploited bank s are those of Miscou, The Department of Industry and Commerce of Orphan, Bradella, American, Natashquan, Mecatina the Province of Quebec operates 58 cold storage and Parent, as well as those formed by the conti- plants, the services of which are rented to proc- nental shelf of the Gaspe Coast, Anticosti and the essors, businessmen and individuals. These plants North Shore between Pointe-des-Monts and Havre- have a capacity for refrigeration purposes of St-Pierre, off the shores of Seven Islands, Riviere- 2,026.45 tons and a total storage capacity ,f 1, 190, au-Tonnerre and Mingan. 720 cubic feet. They are spread along the Quebec sea coast. Inland fishing i s carried on in the St. Law- rence River, in its wider parts such as the St. Fresh water catches amounted to 2,525,000 Pierre, St . Loui s and St. Francois Lakes and in pounds of commercial species. The landed value of such other b a sins as Missisquoi Bay, the Ottawa this fish was $540,902 in 1962. A total of 1,031 River, Lake St. Jean, Mistassini Lake, James Bay, fishermen holding commercial p e rmit s from the the immense reservoirs of the Abitibi Region, Gouin Department of Industry and Commerce shared this Reservoir, the lakes situated in Abitibi North and catch. Their capital investment was $585,672, Centre, Abitibi Lake and a multitude of other lakes being $244, 931 for fishing craft, $249, 280 for gear and rivers scattered all over the province. and $91, 461 for wharves and shelters.

Nature has divided Quebec's sea fishing ter- Cod accounts foy more than 60 per cent of the ritories into four different regions. The St. Law- volume of the province's fisheries. Some years this rence River region includes the counties of L'Islet, percentage is even higher. The fishing methods used Kamouraska and Charlevoix. Gaspesia takes in the to catch this fish vary from one region to another counties of Riviere-du-Loup, Rimouski , Ma tan e , and also in accordance with the degree of mechani- Gaspe North, Gaspe South and Bonaventure. The zation or development of the catch of this particular St. Lawrence North Shore region extends to Saguenay fish. The methods most often used for catching and Duplessis counties and Anticosti Island. The cod are the hand-line, the trap, the trawl-line and other region, in the middle of the Gulf, is that of the otter trawl. the Magdalen Islands. wan, OLD METHODS a 100 Catches of sea fish in 1962 reached 130,942,500 10 to pounds as compared with 106,738,200 pounds in In earliest times, fishing for deep-sea fish 1961. There were 20, 107 seals captured as against such as cod, hake, plaice and haddock, which are 7,918 the year before. These different species the principal species of fish, was carried out by noes meant to the fishermen an income of $5, 170, 428 in hand-line. Each fisherman used two-baited or lured forth 1962 as against $4, 228, 154 in 1961. lines. The sea bottom area covered by such a method thus measured about thirty feet long by some In 68 processing plants, Quebec commercial twenty feet in width, or between 600 and 1,000 processors transform these raw catches into pro- square feet of bottom. The area covered would s for cessed and semi-processed products of all kinds, remain the same until the boat changed place. The liter such as dressed fish, fillets, blocks, canned fish, effectiveness of each fisherman was thus quite limit- and salted, dried and smoked fish, oil , fish meal and ed by this method. This way of fishing is still in with fertilizer, the whole with a marketed value at ship- use in certain regions such as in Gaspe North and le of ment of $9,248,612 in 1962. This compares with around Kegaska in Duplessis county. These regions nded $7,649,228 in 1961. are close to banks that are quite rich in fish and the fishermen are still able to earn a living using this In 1962, 3,786 fishermen were engaged in method. ries fishing for commercial purposes. These men St. caught different species. However, cod, herring, The cod trap is a fishing gear used in Duples- ads, lobster, ma c k e r e l, salmon and smelts had the sis county on the North Shore of the St. Lawrence

- 7 - FR.

search membe membe ogy at A. Fav Univer for five the sar Dr. Ed versity since J occasi( membe the Ma Gradua Queen' oured versity has be 1959.

Small dragger operating in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

River. More than one hundred of them are still used each fisherman. Each hundred lines in use require in the lower North Shore region. The trap looks like on an average 4 crew members. a huge room made of netting , without a ceiling, reaching from the surface of the water to the bottom Next comes fishing by otter trawls. Fishing of the sea. Cod enter this contraption, where they by trawls was tried out by Quebec fishermen in the remainprisoners. The fishermen pull up the 1940's. Real otter trawling only came in 1952. By trap and take out their catch. this method the sea bottom is fished or scraped by a great funnel-shaped net dragged by a vessel. The This fishing trap is only used under certain size of the mouth of this instrument determines the conditions, where the water is deep enough near the surface fished or s c r ape d by unit of time. The shore and where the cold water, which the cod like, trawler tows, at a speed of two or three knots, that flows along these beaches. The environs of Belle is, 15,000 to 18,000 linear feet per hour, an otter Isle Strait supply such conditions. trawl, the mouth of which is between 70 and 100 feet wide. This means a surface of about 1,000,000 to This fishing apparatus is efficient enough but 1,400,000 square feet can be trawled per hour and its use is limited to regions where certain conditions fishing is carried out 24 hours per day. The crew exist, as described above. of a vessel pulling such a trawl consists of three, univer four or five men. The comparative surface fished Canad Fishing by me an s of trawl-line started at a per man thus becomes as follows, depending on the indust later date. This is a deep-sea line to which are method of fishing utilized: hand-line, one; trawl- Fishe: attached, at every fathom, casts four to six feet line, 200; otter trawl, 8 , 0 0 0 . Theoretically, the long ending in a fish-hook. Each line is fifty fathoms chances of catching fish vary in the same order. their long. A vessel will let out from 20 to 100 or 125 However, reality is a little different on account of Direct lines, according to its size and the number in its the trawlable surfaces available and variation in the tory a crew. In this manner each vessel will cover a abundance of fish. Harkn bottom surface of about 3,600 square feet through He ha: the functioning of its casts. Thus the bottom cover- During the past twenty years some hundreds of work. ed by a vessel will depend on the number of lines trawlers have made their appearance. Quebec now scient in use and will vary from 72,000 to 444,000 square has over 78 trawlers, the length of which varies State s feet, depending on the number of units utilized each from 46 to 94 feet. Over 350 Quebec fishermen are as a I day or period of fishing. This new method thus engaged in fishing by this method. The potentiality i been a increases quite considerably the effectiveness of of the fisheries has thus increased considerably.

-8- Canadian Fisheries News

and at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in F.R.B. Appointments California.

Two new appointments to the Fisheries Re- During World War II, while serving on the search Board of Canada and other changes in board medical research team of the R. C.A. F. , Dr. Fry membership were made in Nov e mb e r . The new developed a high altitude respiraticn oxygen mask members are Dr. F. E. J. Fry, Professor of Zool- for which he was awarded the M.B. E. in 1945. ogy at the University of Toronto and Dr. Henri In 1962 he was awarded the Flavelle Medal of the A. Favre, Dean of the Faculty of Science at the Royal Society of Canada for outstanding research in University of Montreal. Both have been appointed biological science. for five-year terms. Announcement was made at the same time of the resignation from the Board of Dr. Favre, 38, earned his D. Sc. degree at Dr. Edouard Page of the Faculty of Science, Uni- the Technical College of Zurich, , where versity of Montreal, who had served as a member he was born, and carried out post-doctoral research since , and a change in representation at the University of Sheffield, England. He has been occasioned by the recent move made by a present a member of the faculty of the University of Mont- member, Dr. J.M.R. Beveridge, from Ontario to real since 1952, and is now head of the Department the Maritimes. Dr. Beveridge, formerly Dean of of Chemistry. He has se r v e d on the Council and Graduate Studies and Professor of Bin-Chemistry at the National Executive Committee of the Canadian Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., has been hon- Institute of Chemistry, as well as on advisory oured by appointment as President of Acadia Uni- committees of the National Research Council, and versity, Wolfville, N. S. , where he now resides. He has been an official Canadian delegate at inter- has been a member of the Board since January national conf e re nce s. Since 19 b 3 he has been 1959. Dr. Beveridge is a native of Nova Scotia. Chairman of the University of Montreal's Rector's Committee on Academic Development.

Ldre New IPHC Member Francis W. Millerd, Jr., of Vancouver, B.C. hing has been appointed as one of the three Canadian the members of the International Pacific Halibut Com- By mis sion. i by The Mr. Millerd's appointment is for two years. the He succeeds Richard Nelson, al s o of Vancouver, The who has served on the Commission for eleven years and whose latest term expired on October 31, 1964. that tter Mr. Millerd is well known in the fishing in- feet Dr. Favre Dr. Fry D to dustry on the Pacific coast. He is an official of the and Vancouver fishing firm of Francis Millerd Company, Limited, and is a member of the Advisory Commit- r ew Board membership includes scientists from universities and research foundations across tee f or the Canadian Section of the North Pacific . ee, hed Canada, as well as businessmen from the fishing Fisheries Commission. the industry and a senior officer of the Department of The halibut commission, which has been in wl- Fisheries. existence for over 40 years, is established under a he Convention between Canada and the United States er. The two new members are well known for for the preservation of the halibut fishery of the of their research activities. Dr. Fry, 57, has been Northern Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea . It the Director of the Ontario Fisheries Research Labora- tory and in charge of the Biological Station, now the makes recommendations, based on scientific inves- Harkness Research Laboratory in Algonquin Park. tigations, for the regulation of the halibut fishery so that stocks may be developed and a maximum sus- of He has also directed researches in Great Lakes tained yield can be maintained. ow work. He is active in many fisheries and other Les scientific organizations in Canada and the United Other Canadian members of the Commission re States and has a respected international reputation are Dr. W. M. Sprules, Ottawa, Special Assistant ity as a research w or k e r in aquatic biology. He has been a visiting professor at the University of Hawaii to the Deputy Minister of Fisheries, who is chair-

-9- Man, and Martin K. Eriksen, Vice-President of the is anticipated that both informal and formal hearings Prince R up e r t Fishermen's Co-operative Associ- will be arranged with representatives of fishermen, ation, Prince Rupert, B.C. the fish trade and provincial governments.

The specific terms of reference of the Com- CANAL mission are as follows: Salt Fish Inquiry ATLAI" To consider and report upon -- Prime Minister L. B. Pears on this month Cod announced the appointment of Dr. D. B. Finn, form- Had 1. The advisability of establishing a Sales Agency er federal Deputy Minister Poll or Board to control exports of cured fish from of Fisheries and for the Rosy the Atlantic Provinces, having regard for: past 18 years Director of Hali Plai the Fisheries Division of (a) The market demand for, and competition the United Nations Food Her among different forms of utilization for Mac and Agriculture Organi- landings of cod and other species; zation, as a Commission- AleN: Saln er to inquire into the (b) The competition that exists between salted pr oblems of marketing Sme cod and other salt fish products in world Swo: salted and cured fish markets. produced in the Atlantic Othe Provinces. Lob: (c) Ways and me an s of improving the effi- Clar ciency of the salt fish industry and of in- Dr. Finn is pres- Scal creasing returns to primary producers in Othe ently retired in Rome, the context of the overall economic devel- Italy, but was expected to opment of the area. arrive in Ottawa to initiate PACIF: the work of the Commis- Pac: 2. Relevant matters which may in the course of Hali sion by mid-November. Dr. Finn the inquiry arise or develop and which, in the Sole opinion of the Commissioner, should be in- Established by the federal government under Her: cluded within the scope of the inquiry and Saln the Inquiries Act, the Commission arises out of report. proposals put forward by the Premier of Newfound- Othe land for the establishment of a Fish Marketing Board Shel to control exports of cured fish from Newfoundland Newfoundland Turtle in particular and the Atlantic provinces in general. BY PRI Brit Salting of fish as a means of preservation for Nov export to countries lacking refrigeraticn and modern New distribution facilities is one of Canada's oldest in- Prir dustries. Newfoundland, the Maritime Provinces Quel and Quebec have been producing these products for New export tomarkets in the Caribbean, Spain, Portugal, Italy and many other c o un tries for hundreds of (1) - In years. With the adoption of freezing and other modern methods of preservation and marketing, the trend of production has been downward. Neverthe- less Canada's exports of these products in 1963 ex- ceeded 1 3 5 million pounds valued at over $25 million.

Increasing costs, changing food habits and Cod fill competition with the freezing trade for raw material Cod fill are among the difficulties faced by this old indus- Cod fill try. These, together with the marketing problems, Haddoc will be dealt with by the Commission under Dr. Herrin] Finn. . Mackey In carrying out the inquiry, e xpected to be Shown above is a giant turtle caught in. Con- Lobste: Sardine completed in three or four months, Dr. Finn will be ception Bay , Newfoundland, by the crew of a tuna assisted by officials of the Departments of Trade fishing boat. The turtle, which weighed 1200 pounds Halibut Silve rb and Commerce and Fisheries. The headquarters of and me a sure d seven feet from tail to snout, was the Commission will be in Ottawa, although much of dark brown, with grayish tinges on the back and a Coho, ) Sockey, its work will be done in the Atlantic Provinces. It mottled belly. Pink, c Whitefi Lake T - 10 - (1) Dre

Fishery Figures For September SEAFISH: LANDED WEIGHT AND LANDED VALUE :earings Le rmen,

May- May- '000 lbs $'000 '000 lbs $'0U0 e Corn- CANAL - TOTAL 1, 250, 157 81, 191 1, 347, 005 92,994 ATLANTIC COAST - Total 1,033,077 51, 438 1, 034, 249 54,411 Cod 510, 556 17, 196 445, 28 3 15,753 Had lock 39, 383 2, 122 49,713 2,712 Agency Pollock, Hake & Cusk 59, 952 1,850 54,843 1,758 sh from Rosefish 46, 063 1,238 40,628 1,111 for: Halibut 2, 928 928 2,417 687 Plaice & Other Flatfish 72, 309 2,313 90,029 2,868 petition Her -ing & Sardines 200, 160 2,467 229,926 2,418 Lion for Mackerel 10, 962 450 17,910 721 Alewives 11, 189 175 10,280 146 Salmon 4,045 1,829 4,312 1,988 i salted Smelts 211 27 289 36 I world Swordfish 9, 902 2,003 8,555 2,408 Other Fish 16, 442 38 5 16,550 484 Lobsters 33,859 14,826 32,057 16,789 le effi- Clams & Quahaugs 2, 310 112 2,527 131 t of in- Scallops 9,242 3,393 9,429 3,962 :ers in Other Shellfish 3, 564 124 19,501 439 de vel- PACIFIC COAST - Total 217, 080 29,753 312,756 38,583 Pacific Cods 5, 053 439 9,527 718 Irse of Halibuti/ 31, 314 6,882 30, 188 7,617 in the Soles COther Flatfish 3, 576 226 3,513 217 be in- Herring 58, 332 644 147,746 1,775 ry and Salmon 110,727 20, 977 112,776 27,426 Other Fish 2, 309 69 2,759 92 Shellfish •5, 769 516 6,247 738

BY PROVINCES Brit .sh Columbia 217, 080 29,753 312,756 38,583 Nova Scotia 269, 041 19, 599 320,108 21,842 New Brunswick 175, 141 7,099 172,640 7,636 Prince Edward Island 29,229 3,865 29,902 4,951 Quebec 116, 989 4,710 109,597 4, 68 4 New ' oundland 442, 677 16, 165 402,002 15,298

(1) - In :dudes halibut landed in U.S. ports by Canadian Fishermen.

MID-MONTH WHOLESALE PRICES - Sept. , 1964 PRICES PER CWT. PAID TO FISHERMEN (Week ending September 12th) Montreal Toronto 1963 1964

Halifax Cod Steak Cod fillets, Atl. fresh, unwrapped lb. .317 .373 Market Cod 4 4 Cod fillets, Atl. frozen, cello 5's lb. .272 .323 Haddock

Cod fillets, smoked lb. . 372 .423 Plaice 4 4 Haddock fillets, fresh, unwrapped lb. .420 .487 Yarmouth Herring, kippered, Atl. lb. .242 .303 Haddock

Mackerel, frozen, round lb. . 192 .250 Black's Harbour Con- Lobsters, canned, Fancy case 48-1s 62.333 62.533 Sardines 2 tuna Sardines, canned case 100-4s 8.947 9.292 St. John's, Nfld. Dunds Halibut, frozen, dressed lb. .428 .450 Cod 3 4 was Silverbright, frozen, dressed lb. .508 .547 Haddock 2 3/4 1.nd a Coho, frozen, dressed lb. .696 .727 Rosefish 2 Sockeye, canned, grade A case 48-1- s. 26.780 27.783 Vancouver Pink, canned, grade A case 48-4s 14.530 15.200 Ling Cod 11-14 8-10 Whitefish, fresh lb. 1/.418 .370 Gray Cod 7 6-7

Lake Trout, frozen lb. . 362 .443 Soles 6-9 6-9 (1) Dressed Salmon (Rdspg) 45-82 38-83 1 - 11 -

Fishery Figures for September Fis FROZEN FISH STOCKS AS AT END OF SEPTEMBER CANADIAN EXPORT VALUE OF FISHERY PRODUCTS, MAY- 1964 ''000 lbs. '000 lbs. (Value in Thousands of Dollars)

1963 1964 Quantity TOTAL EXPORTS 64, 535 69,036 TOTAL - Frozen Fish, Canada 102,695 107,926 By Markets: Frozen - Fresh, Sea Fish - Total 82,227 77,379 United States 49,107 52,652 Caribbean Area 5,95 0 5,043 Cod, Atlantic, fillets blocks 29,509 19,745 Europe 8,278 9,877 GRAND Haddock, fillets & blocks 3,827 5,064 Other Countries 1,230 1,464 United S Rosefish, fillets & blocks 3,622 3,679 Froz ■ (excl. Halibut), fillets & Flatfish, By Forms: Herri blocks 4,914 6,542 Fresh and Frozen 45, 549 50,045 Other Halibut, Pacific, dressed i steaks 13,762 12,111 Whole or Dressed 13,800 15, 145 Other Groundfish, dressed & steaks 971 1,594 Salmon, Pacific 2,881 3,890 Brazil Other Groundfish, fillets & blocks 4,106 3,978 Halibut, Pacific 2,810 2, 331 Salte. Salmon, Pacific, dressed & steaks 11,070 15,922 Cod, Haddock, Pollock, Herring, Atlantic & Pacific 1, 404 572 etc. 109 163 United F All Other Sea Fish, all forms 6,003 5,210 Swordfish 1,815 2, 321 Stock Shellfish 3,039 2,962 Other Seafish 1,931 1, 925 Fish Whitefish 1,554 1,674 Froz, Froz , Frozen - Fresh, Inland Fish - Total 6,611 7,594 Pickerel 1,080 1,071 . Herr Other Freshwater Fish, Fish Perch, round or dressed 116 104 n.o.p. 1, 620 1,770 Herr Pickerel (Yellow & Blue) fillets 442 815 Me Sauger, round or dressed 586 597 Fillets 15,830 18, 429 Other Tullibee, round or dressed 108 Cod, Atlantic 6,341 8, 049 Whitefish, round or dressed 1,549 1, 955 Haddock 1, 618 2, 269 Denma r Whitefish, fillets 238 328 Rosefish, Hake, Herr Other, all forms 3,680 3,687 Pollock, etc. 933 865 M Flatfish 2, 477 2,965 Frozen - Smoked Fish - Total 1,311 2, 136 Pickerel 860 933 Norway Herr Cod Atlantic 1, 180 1, 07 5 Other 3, 598 3, 348 Whal Sea Herring, kippers 190 651 Othe Other, all forms 441 410 Shellfish 15, 919 16,471 Lobster (Alive & Meat) 12, 903 12,698 Sweden Frozen for Bait and Animal Feed 12,046 20,817 Other 3, 016 3,773 Roes Herr SALT FISH STOCKS AS AT END OF SEPTEMBER Cured 7, 126 5, 187 Othe Smoked 515 579 1964 Salted and Pickled Fish, Atl. Coast 1963 Herring 353 416 Finland '000 lbs '000 lbs Other 159 163 Herr Wet-Salted - Total 45,489 36,937 Herr Cod 35,257 29,786 Salted, Wet & Dried 5, 907 4, 018 Me Othe: 3ther 10,232 7,151 Cod 5,069 3, 146 Other 8 38 872 Italy Dried-salted - Total 15,252 9,844 Stock Cod 14,220 8,726 Pickled 704 590 Other 1,032 1, 118 Herring 487 376.. Greece Mackerel 130 84 Salte Boneless - Total 73 4 1, 122 Other 87 130 .ad 626 1,095 Other 108 27 Canned 7, 078 8,639 Salmon 4, 419 5, 150 Pickled - Total (barrels) 23,861 24,314 Sardines 1,088 1,276 Herring 11,351 6,561 Lobsters 1, 188 1, 853 Mackerel 4,148 9,854 Other 383 360 Alewives 6,202 7,758 Turbot 2,160 441 Miscellaneous 4,8 12 5, 165 Meal 3,351 3,249 Bloaters (18 lb. boxes) 218,606 191,666 Oil 255 370 Boneless Herring (10 lb. boxes) 5, 123 3,889 Other 1,206 1,546

- 12 - Fi sheries News From Abroad

Iceland

ICELANDIC EXPORTS BY COUNTRIES, 1963-1964

1964 Quantity in Thousand Pounds Value in Thousand Kroners Quantity in Thousand Pounds Value in Thousand Kroners 69,036 Jan. -Mar. 1964 Jan.-Mar. 1963 Jan. -Mar. 1964 Jan-Mar. 1963

Q. V. 52, 652 Q. V. Q. V. Q. V. 5,043 924,930 - 851,899 9,877 GRAND TOTAL _ 1,464 United States 21,327 209, 180 21,479 183,911 Frozen Fish, fillets 17,815 183,843 18,007 164,688 Holland 3,139 10,615 14,154 26,720 Herring, salted 2,778 16,091 2,200 11,137 Herring Oil 1,019 3,658 11,411 17, 540 50, 045 Other Products 734 9,246 1,272 8,086 145 Poland 11,605 34,509 12,610 42,028 890 Brazil 1,122 12,792 2,077 18,907 Herring, frozen 5,512 15,395 3,307 8,940 331 Salted Fish, cured 1,005 12,452 2,002 18,606 Herring, salted 1,133 4,489 4,409 17,508 Herring and Capelin 163 United Kingdom 53,067 180,428 49,560 164,011 Meal 3,964 11,337 4,409 13,460 3,288 485 2,120 321 Stockfish 238 3,109 1,382 16,358 Other Products 996 925 Fish on Ice 7,749 22,767 9,691 24,374 6,537 22,095 9,661 31,481 674 Frozen Fish, whole 1,603 7,024 2, 132 11,094 Rumania 3,695 32,620 2,019 14,193 Herring, frozen 1,649 4,356 3,896 10,536 071 Frozen Fish, fillets Herring Oil 20 45 6,177 12,827 Herring, salted 4,888 17,739 5,578 20,355 Fish Meal 5,419 12,812 1,658 4,703 Other Products - 187 590 770 Herring and Capelin Meal 31,484 80,280 23,093 65,431 Spain 1,373 11,226 2,910 17,950 429 Other Products 2,859 21,771 3,408 15,031 Salted Fish, uncured 1,345 10,893 2,910 17,950 049 131,655 269 Denmark 6,160 20,249 7,542 22,249 West Germany 41,850 117, 161 56,792 Herring and Capelin Herring on Ice 14,568 21,880 15,878 32,606 365 Meal 4,374 11,489 6,435 17, 195 Fish on Ice 14,802 35,440 4,233 10,429 11,279 24,191 )65 Her ring, frozen Herring, salted 2,773 10,964 1,334 5,369 )33 Norway 7,970 30,806 3,201 5,938 Herring Oil 3,338 12, 131 3, 126 5,838 Herring in vinegar 2,313 11,244 348 240 Whale Oil 4,632 18,675 Herring Oil 6,113 21,920 112 Other Products 75 100 Herring and Capelin 171 Meal 8, 569 20,408 7,480 20,358 )98 Sweden 8, 168 36,106 5,988 23,691 Other Products 5,360 18,000 3,828 15,767 '73 Roes, salted 2, 163 15,195 2,216 14,070 Herring, salted 2,751 12,086 1,175 5,490 East Germany 3,479 12,468 5,146 15,632 5, 187 Other Products 3,254 8,825 2,597 4,131 Herring, frozen 1,334 3,246 3,823 10,145 79 :16 Finland 10,926 41,715 7,590 35,229 U. S. S. R. 10,461 59,695 9,597 34,319 63 Herring, salted 5,717 28,423 6,016 29,297 Herring, frozen 5,240 12,204 Herring and Capelin Frozen Fish, fillets 3,783 29,018 Herring, salted 6,678 30,677 4,240 19,012 18 Meal 5,035 12,204 1,268 3,851 174 1,088 306 2,081 Other Products 117 3,103 46 Other Products 72 Italy 2,072 20,950 1,175 14,520 4,173 52,365 2,723 31,950 31,846 Stockfish 785 11,772 873 12,279 Stockfish 4,118 52,202 2,721 )0 76 Greece 2,352 12,900 765 3,806 34 Salted Fish, uncured 1,680 11,014 719 3,474 All Other Countries 10,053 39,670 13,518 47,902 30

639 50 76 53 .0

165 19 70 16

- 13-

Iceland

ICELANDIC EXPORTS BY TYPES OF PRODUCTS, 1963 -1964

1, Quantity in Thousand Pounds Value in Thousand Kroners Quantity in Thousand Pounds Value in Thousand Kroners Agricul Jan. -Mar. 1964 Jan. -Mar. 1963 Jan. -Mar. 1964 Jan. -Mar. 1963 Rome,

Q. V. 0. V. Q. V. Q. V. T GRAND TOTAL - 924, 930 851,899 Cod-liver Oil 2,959 12,536 4,228 14,213 review: contain Salted Fish, cured 1.182 13,714 2,39Z 2 1. 649 Roes, salted 2,163 15,195 2,216 14,077 commo Brazil 1,005 12,452 2,002 18,606 Sweden 2,163 15,195 2,216 14,070 of inte r Salted Fish, uncured 4 557 32, 976 4.200 ;4. 596 Herring, salted 30,659 138,315 28,953 124,014 sultatic Greece 1,680 11,014 719 3,474 United States 2,778 16,091 2,200 11,137 Nations 17,950 Finland 5,717 28,423 6,016 29,297 Spain 1,345 10,893 2,910 which t Other Countries 1,532 11,069 571 3, 172 Poland 1, 133 4, 489 4, 409 17, 508 Rumania 4, 888 17, 739 5, 578 20,355 and Pa: Stockfish 5,273 68,820 4,978 60,553 U. S. S. R. 6, 678 30, 677 4, 240 19,012 look fo: United Kingdom 238 3, 109 1, 382 16, 358 Sweden 2,751 12,086 1,175 5,490 product Italy 785 11,772 873 12,279 West Germany 2, 77 3 10,964 1,334 5,369 Nigeria 4,118 52,202 2,721 31,846 Other Countries 3, 941 17, 846 4, 001 15,846 I] Other Countries 132 1, 737 2 70 were r, Herring in vinegar 2, 313 11,244 ticns, Herring on Ice 42 140 14,568 21,880 West Germany 2, 313 11,244 West Germany 14,568 21,880 cord oi Herring Oil 10,600 38,233 24,347 42,276 years, Fish on Ice 22,714 58,710 25,569 56,980 United Kingdom 20 45 6, 177 12,827 fisher i 1,019 3,658 11,411 17,540 United Kingdom 7,749 22,767 9,691 24,374 Holland rence c West Germany 14,802 35,440 15,878 32,606 Norway 3,338 12,13,1 3,126 5,838 Other Countries 163 503 West Germany 6, 113 21,920 112 240 Other Countries 110 479 3, 521 5,831 J Herring, frozen 16,440 43,378 31,890 77,150 for nao East Germany 1,334 3,246 3,823 10,145 Whale Oil 4,632 18,675 2,172 3,658 tended 4,632 18,675 Poland 5,512 15,395 3,307 8,940 Norway fisher i Rumania 1,649 4,356 3,896 10,536 catche U.S.S.R. 5,240 12,204 Fish Meal 12,094 29,429 5,168 14,515 West Germany 4,233 10,429 11,279 24,191 United Kingdom 5,419 12,812 1,658 4,703 mackel Other Countries 3,712 9,952 4,345 11,134 Herring and Capelin Meal 58,563 149,237 46,230 130,084 C 31,484 80,280 23,093 65,431 Frozen Fish, whole 1,748 8,773 2,377 13,382 United Kingdom State s United Kingdom 1,603 7,024 2,132 11,094 Denmark 4,374 11,489 6,435 17,195 Finland 5,035 12,204 1,268 3,851 cent fri Frozen Fish, fillets 26,085 252,282 21,598 190,934 Poland 3, 964 11, 337 4, 409 13, 460 fish an United States 17,815 183,843 18,007 164,688 We st Ge rmany 8,569 20,408 7,480 20,358 cline w United Kingdom 3,695 32,620 2,019 14,193 Other Countries 5, 137 13, 519 3, 545 9,789 naenhac Other Countries 792 6,801 1,572 12,053 fishrne, U. S. S. R. 3, 78 3 29,018 reducti Lobster, frozen 324 14,445 220 10,027 All Other Products 5,799 30,072 3,069 20,667 Smalle Pacific dock, New Type of Fishing Chart for Canada's East Coast availab A new type of Canadian chart -- a fisheries chart -- has just been issued by the CanadianHydrographic Service to ground assist fishermen on Canada's east coast to substantially increase their catches. The new chart, No. 4041, covers the fishery It is Atlantic Coast banks of Banquereau and Misaine, which lie off Nova Scotia between Scatarie and Sable Islands. previot essentially an accurate detailed picture of the shape and depth of the sea bottom enabling fishermen to select the most smalle favorable areas and banks for fishing. The chart is drawn on a scale of 1:300, 000, or about four miles to the inch, and is thus four times the scale of previous Canadian charts covering the area. The idea for the new chart grew out of an cf Gulf investigation by the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, which revealed the inadequacy of existing charts to meet the re spec requirements of fishermen. The appearance on the market during the past 10 years, of larger and better equipped boats, using otter trawls, has drawn more and more Canadian fishermen away from traditional inshore fishing waters I. to the more productive off-shore banks. The efficient use of such boats is dependent upon a detailed knowledge of depths catche! and of the bottom. To provide the fisherman with this knowledge, the Canadian Hydrographic Service, a division of the as the Marine Sciences Branch of the federal Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, made a survey of the continental shelf off Nova Scotia. It took hundreds of thousands of soundings which it accurately positioned by modern electronic time in means, and combined these data with details of the nature of the sea floor. The new chart enables the fisherman to more h pick out likely areas to fish, and through the use of a small contour interval, to avoid those areas where the bottom is of this uneven. It illustrates depths primarily by contour lines. The contours are shown as a solid blue line spaced at 10- tries . fathom intervals to a depth of 100 fathoms; at 20 fathom intervals to 200 fathoms; and thereafter at every 100 fathoms Canada to a depth of 1,000 fathoms. General depths are indicated by three shades of blue. Depths of less than 10 fathoms are shown as a dark blue; the extensive fishing banks, of between 10 and 50 fathoms of water, by a medium blue, and the fully p: areas containing over 50 but less than 100 fathoms, by a light blue. The new chart is available in two versions: L(D6) 4041, which shows the decca lattice for the Cabot Strait chain, and 4041-L, which shows the three loran rates covering the area. Each version is available, price $2.00 each, either from chart dealers or from the Marine Distribution Office, Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, Ottawa. Current Reading

d Krone rs "FAO Commodity Review 1 9 6 4 ", (Food and The review provides figures and trends for all Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the main fish producing countries, but states that r. 1963 Rome, Italy. $3.00). from a world standpoint there we r e no significant

V. changes in the general pattern of utilization and trade of fishery products during 1963. This is one of a series of annual commodity 14,213 reviews and is di v i de d into three parts. Part I 14,077 contains a summary of developments in international 14,070 commodity markets during 1963 and early 1964 and "Fishes of the Western North Atlantic, Part of international agreements and c o mm o di t y con- 3", by numerous authors. (Sears Foundation for 24,014 sultations. Part II is a brief account of the United 11,137 Marine Research at the Bingham Oceanographic Nations Conf e r ence on Trade and Development 29,297 Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Conn., 17,508 which took place inGeneva from March to , U. S.A. $27. 50). 20,355 and Part III analyses the current situation and out- 19,012 look for all major agricultural, fishery and forest This 597-page volume continues to provide the 5,490 products. 5,369 comprehensive and informative accounts of fishes 15,846 In 1 9 6 3 , although no spectacular increases that distinguish the first two volumes in the series. It covers salmon, trouts, tarpon, ladyfish, bonefish, 11,244 were recorded in catches of the leading fishery na- 11,244 tions, world fish production probably set a new re- chars, anchovies, herrings and others. Altogether cord of nearly 5 0 million tons. As in previous it includes studies of nearly 100 s p e c i e s in 35 12,276 years, there were variations in yields of individual genera of "bony fishes". 12,827 fisheries, especially those depending on the occur- 17,540 Each a c c ount combines a critical review of 5,838 rence of a single species in a short season. 240 published knowledge with original study and re- 5,831 Japan and (mainland) s till accounted search, r e s u l t in g in distinctive contributions to for more than half of the Asian catch. Japan's ex- ichthyological literature not found elsewhere. These 3,658 tended activities in distant-water trawl and tuna accounts, following precedent, have be en written fisheries more or less compensated for reduced with the purpose of being useful to both the amateur 4,515 catches in its o the 1. fisheries, including offshore and the professional ichthyologist, to people casually 4,703 mackerel and Bering Sea groundfish species. or vitally interested in the gene r a 1 phenomena of marine life, to s p or t s m en whose objectives are 0,084 On the North American continent, the United pleasure and relaxation, and to f i she r me n whose 5,431 livelihood depends upon a knowledge of fisheries. 7,195 States experienced a decline of mor e than ten per 3,851 cent from the 1962 level in catches of fish, shell- 3,460 fish and other aquatic animals. Most of this de- This series of volumes, several of which are 0,358 cline was caused by a drop of almost a quarter in now available, deals with the anadromous, estuarine 9,789 menhaden landings . Consequently, production of and marine fishes presently kncwn to frequent the fishmeal, fish oil and fish solubles showed a similar western North Atlantic from Hudson Bay southward reduction, compared with the previous year. to the Amazon. For many years to come, these J, 667 Smaller landings of other species, including salmon, studies will rank as primary references and signifi- Pacific mackerel and sardines, Maine herring, had- cant working tools for students of the sea. dock, whiting and ocean perch, reduced supplies available for human consumption. Production of Each account is comprehensive in treatment, to groundfish fillets was ten per cent less and canned excellently illustrated, fully documented and com- le fishery products seven per cent less than in the pletely indexed. In addition to the descriptive de- is tails and discussion of orders, suborders, families, st previous year. The pack of Pacific sardines was the genera, and species, the keys and synposes relate id smallest in more than fifty years, whereas packs In of Gulf shrimp and oyster were 24 and 63 per cent, distinguishing characters that f a c ilitate identifi- he respectively, greater than in 1962. cation. Details, aside from the description itself, =1. include (when known) the colour, size, development, In the fir s t eleven months of 1963 Canadian habitat, general habits, food, parasites, predators, 15 he catches increased by roughly the same proportion sporting qualities, range, abundance and com- al as the reduction in the United States. For the first mercial importance. The accurate detailed illus- is time in the history of the fishery, Canada landed trations, which aid particularly in identification, l more halibut than the United States, although catches have been prepared by competent zoological artists, LS of this species were less than in 1962 in both coun- and for many species the indispensable illustration

LS tries. The production and trade in frozen fish in of the adult is supplemented by figures of devel- Canada continued to expand, with more emphasis on opmental stages and by enlarged drawings of diag- e fully processed products. nostically important characters. ') I n - 15 - If undelivered return to: CANADA Department of Fisheries of Canada POSTAGE PAID OTTAWA PORT PAYE

When is the best time to put Fish on your menu?

11,

Always

People don't order what they can't see. up fast, bring a lot of profit and really That's why, if your menu has just one hit the spot with customers? Drop a

or two fish dishes . . . and you only line to: Information and Consumer

feature them once a week . . . you could Service, Department of Fisheries of be missing out. Fish fanciers like variety, Canada, for some kitchen tested quan- and seafood can be a high profit item. tity recipes any restaurant can use. Want a few proven recipes that whip Costs nothing but a stamp. DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES OTTAWA, CANADA Hon. H. J. Robichaud, M.P., Minister Dr. A. W. H. Needier, Deputy Minister

ROGER DUHAMEL, F.R.S.C., Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationery, Ottawa, 1964