[project name] Headland Archaeology [project code/job]

CCSS19

CASTLE CARY STATION, ANSFORD, SOMERSET

Heritage Assessment

for LDA Design on behalf of South Somerset District Council

27th April 2020

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Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

CASTLE CARY STATION, ANSFORD, SOMERSET

Heritage Assessment

for LDA Design on behalf of South Somerset District Council

27th April 2020

HA Job no.: CCSS19 HAS no.: 1373 NGR: 363500 133528 Parish: Ansford / Castle Cary South Somerset District Council: Council

Project Manager: Mike Kimber Author: Jen Richards Fieldwork: Jen Richards Graphics: Jen Richards Approved by: Tom Janes

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CONTENTS

1...... INTRODUCTION ...... 2 1.1 Planning Background ...... 2 2...... AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ...... 2 3...... METHODOLOGY ...... 3 3.1 Study areas...... 3 3.2 Data sources ...... 3 3.3 Identification of heritage assets ...... 3 3.4 Assessment of heritage significance and importance ...... 3 4...... RESULTS ...... 4 4.1 Overview of the historic environment ...... 4 4.2 Assessment of heritage significance of Castle Cary Station ...... 5 5...... PREDICTED EFFECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT ...... 6 6...... CONCLUSIONS ...... 6 7...... REFERENCES ...... 14 APPENDIX 1: GAZETTEER OF HERITAGE ASSETS WITHIN STUDY AREA ...... 15

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CASTLE CARY STATION

HERITAGE ASSESSMENT

South Somerset District Council commissioned Headland Archaeology to prepare a heritage assessment of Castle Cary Station including its setting to inform decision taking on a planning application for 200 dwellings to the south of the station. This assessment has found that Castle Cary Station is a non-designated heritage asset of importance to the local character of Castle Cary and Ansford and that it derives significance from its architectural and historic interest as an example of a mid-19th century rural railway station. The setting of the station building is the railway line, associated structures including the former creamery building to the north and the wider rural setting including the field to the south which is proposed for development. The separation between the settlement and the station affords attractive views of the station building as well as contributing to the local character. This separation would be lost if the proposed development were consented, resulting in “less than substantial harm” to this non-designated heritage asset. The harm to Castle Cary Station is not considered to approach “substantial” (for which greater justification would be required to reflect the additional NPPF policy tests that such harm requires for designated heritage assets). However the proposals are in conflict with the South Somerset Historic Environment Strategy which notes that “The Council may support development proposals that would affect a local heritage asset or its setting, where it is demonstrated that the development proposal will not harm the historic, architectural, cultural, or landscape interest.” The proposed development will also result in the loss of a non-designated archaeological heritage asset (the former route of the turnpike road) which survives as an earthwork feature within the development area since it was diverted for the creation of the railway. This loss could be mitigated through an alternative design or through a programme of archaeological work secured by condition to accord with Policy EQ3 of the Local Plan and with NPPF.

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Planning Background Wyke Farm Ltd and Andrew Hopkins Concrete Ltd are proposing a new development of 200 dwellings (70 affordable and 130 open market) with associated highways, drainage, landscaping and public open space on Land North of Ansford Hill, Ansford, Castle Cary Somerset (planning application reference 19/01840/OUT). Objections to the application have been received from the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE) which have included objections to the harm that would occur to the non-designated Castle Cary railway station. South Somerset District Council (SSDC) have therefore requested an assessment of the significance of the railway station, including its setting in order to make an informed decision on the proposed development.

2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this heritage assessment was to assess the potential effects of the proposed development on the historic environment, specifically the significance of Castle Carey railway station and associated heritage assets including any contribution made by setting to this significance, with recommendations for mitigation and further investigation where appropriate. The assessment has been carried out according to the Standard and guidance for historic environment desk- based assessment published by the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA 2014), and aims to: • Collate all available written, graphic, photographic and electronic information relevant to Castle Cary Station; • Describe the nature, extent and significance of Castle Cary Station and associated heritage assets, identifying any uncertainties in existing knowledge; • Determine the potential impact of the proposed development on this significance; and • Identify any requirements for further investigation that may be necessary to understand the effects of the proposed development on the historic environment. - 2 -

Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

3 METHODOLOGY

3.1 Study areas A study area extending 500m from the station building has been used to gather baseline information on the known heritage resource, including any heritage assets that may be associated with the station. The conservation areas and listed buildings within Castle Cary are not intervisible with the station due to the local topography and have therefore been scoped out of the assessment.

3.2 Data sources The assessment has been based on a study of all readily available documentary sources, following the CIfA Standards and Guidance (CIfA 2014). The following sources of information were referred to: • Designation data from the National Heritage List for England, downloaded from the Historic England website on 2nd November 2019; • Descriptions of designated heritage assets in the National Heritage List for England, viewed on the Historic England website; • Historic maps and plans held by the Somerset Heritage Centre; and • Other readily available published sources and unpublished archaeological reports. The English Heritage Archive was searched for any documents relating to Castle Carey station, the only file is BF007982 which contains one postcard image (reference RO/07982/01) showing the Castle Cary railway station. A catalogue search of the National Railway Museum in York was carried out, the only records relating to Castle Cary are four sound recordings of railway sounds. These are not considered to provide useful information for the assessment, and they have not been examined. A site visit was carried out on 12th December 2019 to examine the station, the proposed development site and heritage assets in the surrounding area. For certain types of heritage asset Historic England have published Listing Selection Guides. The guides for Transport Infrastructure and for Industrial Buildings have been consulted for this assessment.

3.3 Identification of heritage assets A heritage asset is defined in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) (Annex 2) as ‘a building, monument, site, place, area or landscape identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions, because of its heritage interest’. Both discrete features, and extensive landscapes defined by a specific historic event, process or theme, can be defined as heritage assets; and assets may overlap or be nested within one another. Some heritage assets are designated as Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings, World Heritage Sites, Conservation Areas, Registered Parks and Gardens, Registered Battlefields, or locally designated through policies in the Local Plan. Undesignated assets may be recorded in Historic Environment Records, while many other assets are currently unrecorded. Heritage assets considered within the assessment are shown in Figure 1, with detailed descriptions compiled in a gazetteer (Appendix 1). Designated heritage assets are labelled with the list entry number which refers to them in the National Heritage List for England; undesignated assets with the reference number in the Somerset HER, heritage assets identified during the assessment are assigned a Heritage Asset Number prefixed HA.

3.4 Assessment of heritage significance and importance Heritage assets are assessed in terms of their significance and importance, following the requirement in NPPF paragraph 189, and taking account of Historic England’s guidance in Managing Significance in Decision-Taking in the Historic Environment (GPA2). Significance, in relation to heritage policy, is defined by the NPPF (Glossary, Annex 2) as “the value of a heritage asset to this and future generations because of its heritage interest. That interest may be archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic. Significance derives not only from a heritage asset’s physical presence, but also from its setting.” Setting is defined in Annex 2 of the NPPF as: - 3 -

Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

“the surroundings in which an asset is experienced. All heritage assets have a setting, irrespective of the form in which they survive and whether they are designated or not. Elements of a setting may make a positive or negative contribution to the significance of an asset, may affect the ability to appreciate that significance, or may be neutral.” Where potential impacts on the settings of a heritage assets are identified, the assessment of significance includes ‘assessing whether, how and to what degree these settings make a contribution to the significance of the heritage asset(s)’, following Step 2 of the staged approach to setting recommended in Historic England’s guidance in The Setting of Heritage Assets (GPA3). Attributes of an asset’s setting which can contribute to its significance are listed on page 9 of GPA3. The importance of a heritage asset is the overall value assigned to it based on its heritage significance, reflecting its statutory designation or, in the case of undesignated assets, the professional judgement of the assessor (Table 1). Historic England guidance also refers to an asset’s ‘level of significance’ (GPA2, paragraph 10), which in this usage has the same meaning as importance. Nationally and internationally designated assets are assigned to the highest two levels of importance. Grade II Listed Buildings and Grade II Registered Parks & Gardens are considered of medium importance, reflecting the lower level of policy protection provided by the NPPF (paragraph 194). Conservation Areas are not assigned to either level of importance by the NPPF but their status as local designations and their omission from the National Heritage List justifies their classification here as assets of medium importance, except where their particular characteristics merit a higher level – this is a matter of professional judgement. Other non-designated assets which are considered of local importance only are assigned to a low level of importance; however, it is recognised that some non-designated assets will be of more than local importance and professional judgement will be used to identify them and assign an appropriate level of importance. This has included consideration of the listing selection guides as appropriate. Table 1: Criteria for Assessing the Importance of Heritage Assets Importance of the Criteria asset Very high World Heritage Sites and other assets of equal international importance High Grade I and II* Registered Parks and Gardens, Scheduled Monuments, Protected Wreck Sites, Registered Battlefields, Grade I and II* Listed Buildings, and undesignated heritage assets of equal importance Medium Conservation Areas, Grade II Registered Parks and Gardens, Grade II Listed Buildings, also heritage assets on local lists and undesignated assets of equal importance Low Undesignated heritage assets of lesser importance

4 RESULTS

4.1 Overview of the historic environment

Previous investigations A geophysical survey and evaluation have been carried out of the proposed development area. The Somerset HER does not include any other archaeological investigations for the study area. A Design and Access Statement (DAS) was submitted with the application for the nearby Creamery development which considered the history and development of the former creamery but did not include any other heritage assets. The HER notes that Castle Cary Station is referenced in the publication “Somerset’s Industrial Heritage: A Guide and Gazetteer” by Warren, D. which catalogued industrial sites from across the county.

Historic Development of Castle Cary and Ansford Although the station name is Castle Cary, it lies within the parish of Ansford. Ansford was a separate settlement until the late 19th century, with the focus of Castle Cary c.1.3km to the southeast of the station and 600m south of Ansford. The Ansford Tithe map shows the area around the station as at that time divided into fields (Figure 2). The original road from Ansford to Shepton Mallet followed what is now the footpath (part of “the Monarch’s Way”) connecting the railway station with Ansford Hill along the eastern edge of the proposed development area. The Somerton and Langport Turnpike via Ansford to Shepton Mallet was formed in 1753. The trust found that original route north from Ansford Hill was too steep for horse-drawn vehicles and a new section of road - 4 -

Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

(running diagonally across the proposed development area) was created as a replacement1. This section of former road is shown on the Tithe Map (HER29149, Figure 1). In 1846 the Wiltshire, Somerset and Dorset Railway began work to extend their line (HER 56987, not illustrated) from Frome through Bruton and Castle Cary. The Wiltshire, Somerset and Weymouth Railway linked the Great Western railway at Chippenham with Weymouth. The line was authorised in 1845, acquired by GWR in 1850, and reached Castle Cary in 1856. A plan of the deviation of the turnpike caused by the railway is dated May 1852 (Figure 3) and indicates the location of the (as yet unbuilt) station. By the time of the 1st edition Ordnance Survey in 1884 (Figure 4) the WSDR line, station building, and the Great Western Hotel (HER 14511, Figure 1) to the north of the station are shown. The former turnpike has become a footpath, with the new section of road as shown on the 1852 plan now constructed to the west of the development site, crossing the railway at a bridge and running parallel with the railway line to rejoin the turnpike at Ansford Bridge (HER 22307, not illustrated) to the north east of the Great Western Hotel. The former turnpike road is still visible as a slight earthwork and hedgerow boundary on 1940s aerial photos (Figure 5), although only a faint earthwork and a single mature tree survived at the time of the site visit (Plate 1). Ansford remained a disbursed settlement with Castle Cary seeing some expansion and considerable infill development between 1840 and 1888 (Figures 2 and 3). There was little change (with the exception of the construction of the footbridge over the railway line) until the construction of the direct line from Taunton to London 1905-6 (HER 56989, Figure 1). By the turn of the 20th century the Creamery building (HER 19453, Figure 1) had been constructed along with cattle pens on the site of the earlier goods shed, and a new signal box and goods shed further west. The signal box (HER 14510, not illustrated) and goods shed (HER 14509, Figure 1) at Castle Cary station were both destroyed in air raids during WWII, the existing structures are replacements of the originals. The Railway Hotel was also damaged and was later demolished. Sidings were added to the GWR in late 1940 to serve an ammunition dump (HER 15189, Figure 1), these are visible on 1940s aerial photos and are still present today. Further expansion of Castle Cary in the post-war period has seen the two settlements of Castle Cary and Ansford become almost completely conjoined, separated only by the Donal Pither Memorial Field and an area of open space south of Priory View to the north west of Churchfields Drive.

4.2 Assessment of heritage significance of Castle Cary Station

Description Castle Cary station comprises the main station building with ticket office, three platforms, and a shelter on the westbound platforms. The main building is single storey and is constructed in stone with sandstone quoins to the building corners and window and door surrounds. It has a gabled roof of slate (Plates 2-4). A metal and clear sheet gabled roof projects out from the building to provide cover to the London bound platform. The timber edging to this canopy roof is painted in cream. The shelter on the west-bound platforms is of rendered blockwork (either brick or concrete block) with a slate roof. This is clearly a modern structure of no architectural or historic interest. A metal footbridge crosses the line to the east of the station building providing access between the platforms and allowing access across the railway line for pedestrians using the footpath between Ansford Hill and Station Road. The footbridge isn’t shown on Ordnance Survey mapping until the 2nd edition, the current bridge appears to be of modern construction and is probably a replacement of the earlier structure. Significance The designation selection guide for Transport (Historic England 2017a) notes that “purpose-built railway structures pre-dating 1850 will mostly be of international significance as being among the earliest railway structures in the world”2. Post-1850 structures are considered for designation based on statutory criteria of architectural and historic interest. Group value with other buildings, fixtures and features including curtilage buildings and the character and appearance of conservation areas may also be taken into account.

1 Information supplied by Pek Peppin of Castle Cary Town Council 2 The CPRE letter dated 10th October 2019 refers to Historic England’s publication ‘Historic Railway Buildings and Structures’ which states that “most railway buildings and structures pre-1860 are significant”. This document (https://research.historicengland.org.uk/Report.aspx?i=15794) is available only as a draft issued in 2014 and has been superseded by the 2017 designation guide which gives the earlier date noted here. - 5 -

Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

The Wiltshire, Somerset and Weymouth Railway only reached Castle Cary in 1856, and therefore the station building can be considered to be of at most national importance. The building has some architectural and historic interest as an attractive rural station building, however there are multiple similar examples nationally including several rural station buildings which are listed at Grade II. It is unlikely that Castle Cary would merit statutory protection based on its special interest and it can be considered a heritage asset of low importance contributing to the sense of local character. In addition to serving the two villages of Ansford and Castle Cary, the station acted as a depot for surrounding dairy farms to send their milk and related products to the growing market in London. This prompted the construction of the adjacent creamery building, as well as cattle pens to the west of the station building close to the line which are shown on early 20th century mapping (https://maps.nls.uk). The presence of these associated structures, in particular the surviving creamery building, contribute to the significance of the station. The station is also now the closest to Glastonbury, which results in greater user numbers than would be expected for such a small station, particularly during the festival weekend. Contribution of Setting to Significance The station is experienced in a rural setting, separated from the settlements and other attractions which it serves. The Somerset Historic Landscape Characterisation project classified the proposed development area along with fields to the northwest of the station as “Anciently Enclosed Land” that had been modified in the 17th to 19th centuries. The land to the northeast was classified as Recently Enclosed Land with Anciently Enclosed Land (modified in the 19th to 21st centuries) further north beyond the river Brue and to the southeast of the station. This rural setting contributes to the artistic interest of the station building as an attractive building in its own right, as well as to the historic interest of the station as a rural railway station situated at a distance from the settlement it serves and is named for. The former creamery building to the north east of the station also contributes to the significance of the station as the local dairy industry in the late 19th and early 20th century made full advantage of the improved transport links to London. This building is the subject of a current planning application for redevelopment which will bring the site back into use but will also result in changes to the current setting of the station. The station is visible from the current settlement edge to the south, along the footpath (Plate 2) and in views from the northwest in closer proximity from the northwest when arriving by road (Plate 4). Views of the station from the northeast are obscured by the creamery building. The creamery building forms part of an area consented for redevelopment into a visitor attraction (Planning reference: 19/02230/FUL). The current settlement edge is visible from the station as new dwellings have breached the skyline (Plate 5), however it remains separate from the station and the experience of arriving at the station by rail, particularly at night3, is that there is no associated settlement.

5 PREDICTED EFFECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT The development as proposed will result in change to the setting of the Castle Cary Station building, the view out from the station to the south which is currently open field with the edge of the town just visible on the skyline will become a view of housing. This will add to the visual change around the station which will result from the permitted redevelopment of the creamery site to the north. The station would no longer be experienced as separated from the settlement it serves. Views towards the station from Ansford Hill and when approaching along the footpath would also be lost. This visual change within the setting of the station is considered to result in a reduction in the heritage significance of the station building which derives primarily from its architectural and historic interest as a rural Victorian station but is enhanced by its rural isolation. This loss of significance is considered to equate to less than substantial harm to the significance of this non-designated heritage asset. The proposed development will also remove the earthwork remains of the former turnpike road which survives as an earthwork within the site and has done since the turnpike was diverted for the railway. This will result in the total loss of this section of historic routeway, a non-designated heritage asset of low importance. An alternative layout could preserve this feature of the historic landscape.

6 CONCLUSIONS The proposed development will result in changes to the setting of the non-designated Castle Cary Station. The sense of the building as a rural station isolated from the settlement and other facilities which it serves will be eroded, but there will be no direct physical impacts to the station building. Overall this erosion of the station’s

3 Pek Peppin pers comm - 6 -

Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

isolated rural setting is considered to result in less than substantial harm to the significance of the building which is a non-designated heritage asset that contributes to the local character and sense of place. NPPF paragraph 197 states that “in weighing applications that directly or indirectly affect non-designated heritage assets, a balanced judgement will be required having regard to the scale of any harm or loss and the significance of the heritage asset.” The harm to Castle Cary Station is not considered to approach “substantial” (for which greater justification would be required to reflect the additional policy tests that such harm requires for designated heritage assets). However the proposals are in conflict with the South Somerset Historic Environment Strategy which notes that “The Council may support development proposals that would affect a local heritage asset or its setting, where it is demonstrated that the development proposal will not harm the historic, architectural, cultural, or landscape interest.” Local Plan Policy EQ3 notes that “heritage assets will be conserved and where appropriate enhanced for their historic significance and important contribution to local distinctiveness, character and sense of place…. All new development proposals relating to the historic environment will be expected to safeguard or where appropriate enhance the significance, character, setting and local distinctiveness of heritage assets…”. The total loss of a section of historic routeway could be mitigated through an alternative design or through a programme of archaeological work secured by condition to accord with Policy EQ3 of the Local Plan and with NPPF.

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Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

FIGURES

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0 0 1 4 3 1 MIDLANDS & WEST Unit 1 Clearview Court Twyford Road 23386 Hereford HR2 6JR 01432 364 901 0 0 0 4 3 1

36621 0 0 9 3 3 1 KEY 1217040 E Grade II Listed Building 0

0 E 8 Non-designated heritage asset 3 3 1 &3 Castle Cary Station

! ! ! 500m Study Area

0 1056267 0

7 56985 Conservation Area 3

3 E

1 1217028

14511 0 0 6 3

3 19453 1 15189 14509 Historic Environment Record information

0 derived from Somerset County Council data dated

0 22nd January 2020 5

3 © Somerset County Council 3

1 1177018 57034 © Historic England 2020. Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright E and database right 2020. The Historic

0 England GIS Data contained in this

0 material was obtained on 2nd November 2019. 4

3 The most publicly available up to date 3

1 Historic England GIS Data can be obtained from http://www.HistoricEngland.org.uk. 0 0

3 56985 29149 3 3 1 41624

56989 0 0 2

3 1056270 3

1 24695 E 0 0 1

3 E 3 1 1056273

1:5,000 @ A4 0 0

0 0 100m 3

3 37596 1

Contains OS data © Crown Copyright and database right 2019 Figure 1: Heritage Assets within study area

362800 362900 363000 363100 363200 363300 363400 363500 363600 363700 363800 363900 364000 364100 364200 Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

Figure 2: Ansford Tithe Map (c.1840) – approximate location of station highlighted

Figure 3: 1852 plan of diverted turnpike (Somerset Archives reference: DD/DN/4/4/98)

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Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

Figure 4: 1st Edition Ordnance Survey (c.1888), extract from www.somersetheritage.org.uk

Figure 5: 1940s aerial photograph extract from www.somersetheritage.org.uk

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Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

Plate 1: view across proposed development area showing earthwork of former turnpike

Plate 2: view of station from footpath approaching from south - 12 -

Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

Plate 3: Station building and “creamery” from footbridge

Plate 4: Station building from northwest (car park entrance)

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Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

Plate 5: view southwest from footpath north of station with historic farmhouse to ridgeline at left and new housing to the right

7 REFERENCES http://archives.sciencemuseumgroup.ac.uk/ [accessed on 14th January 2020] https://www.somersetheritage.org.uk/ [accessed on 14th January 2020] https://maps.nls.uk/ [accessed on 14th January 2020]

Warren, D (1996) Somerset’s Industrial Heritage: A Guide and Gazetteer Somerset Industrial Archaeology Society survey 8.

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Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

APPENDIX 1: GAZETTEER OF HERITAGE ASSETS WITHIN STUDY AREA

NHLE prn name Description 14509 Goods Shed, Station Road, Destroyed in air raid 3rd September 1942. Goods Ansford shed not replaced until 1954 14510 Signal Box, Station Road, Ansford Destroyed in air raid 3rd September 1942. Signal box replaced by 27th October 1942 14511 Site of Railway Hotel, Castle Cary Opened by 1892 as the Great Western Hotel, Station, Ansford became the Railway Hotel by 1908. Damaged beyond repair in air raid 3rd September 1942 & subsequently demolished. Both Station Cottages and adjacent Creamery (19453) were also damaged. 15189 Military railway siding, Castle Sidings were added to the GWR (56985) in late Cary Station, Ansford 1940 for the accommodation of trains serving the ammunition dump. Presumably this is the Marston Magna site rather than Dimmer (55402) although neither are shown on the map in the PRO. 19453 Creamery, Castle Cary Station, Creamery' shown on Ordnance Survey map of Ansford c1904. Building extant on recent map and annotated as 'Works'. Creamery established by C & G Prideaux Ltd in 1910, The creamery was damaged in air raid 3rd September 1942. Closed before 1957. The brick chimney survives and in 2002 the site was occupied by a company producing fire surrounds. 1217040 22127 Butwell Gate Toll House, Ditcheat Grade II Listed Building. 1056267 / 22307 Ansford Bridge, Ditcheat Grade II Listed Building. Bridge built in 1823 1217028 with two wing walls on the east inscribed "County" to the left and "Bridge" to the right. The wing wall on the west is inscribed "Ansford" on the right side 23386 Roman villa, Brook House Inn, Roman pottery found over fields called Ditcheat "Laverns" by CE Bean on 18th April 1956. A Roman villa situated in a flat meadow called "Laverns" was excavated about 1820. Besides extensive foundations, a silver coin of Constantius II, six or more bronze coins including one or two of Tetricus, some "coal money", red and white tesserae, potsherds and tiles were found. There is no proper record of the excavation. In 1995 a parchmark of a large square feature was noticed on the ground that may indicate the location of the villa at ST63653402. The ridge and furrow has gone and the field is now regularly ploughed. 24695 Eighteenth-century Turnpike A turnpike road of the Langport Trust. The road road, Langport to Castle Cary was turnpiked with PRN24694 in 1753. There are no obvious changes in the route west of Somerton. The Wiltshire, Somerset and Dorset Railway, opened in 1856, affected the road which was diverted to cross the railway. The - 15 -

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NHLE prn name Description diverted length west of the railway became a railway responsibility. 29149 Eighteenth-century turnpike Except for the first mile or so, this road was all road, Bowlish (Shepton Mallet) to turnpiked in 1753 under the Shepton Mallet the Ansford Inn, via Cannard's Trust. Most of the route was widened in the mid Grave C19 with the first mile between Bowlish and Shepton Mallet Town Centre being included in the turnpike by 1864. 36621 Ridge and furrow cultivation, E of Environment Agency composite lidar shows an Brook House Inn, Ditcheat area of well-preserved ridged cultivation. The best preserved may be orchard ridges but larger areas with curving ridges appear to be the remains of ridge and furrow cultivation. 37596 Manor House, Lower Ansford The house originated in the C17 when owned by the Collins and was known as Lower House in the C18 and Old Ansford House in 1883. It was in ruins by 1908 but was clearly in a C17 style. Reportedly destroyed by fire in 1892 but some walls still stand above ground and cellars reportedly still exist. The associated outbuildings also remain to the N. 41624 Turnpike terminus stone, Ansford Possible terminus stone with indecipherable inscription. 52059 Milestone, Castle Cary station M.S Shepton Mallet 7 Castle Cary 1' shown on 1886 Ordnance Survey map. Cast iron v-shaped milepost with raised letters reading 'Weymouth 41' horizontally, 'Shepton Mallet 7' on the left and 'Castle Cary 1' on the right. The milestone could not be found in 2015 and appears to have been destroyed. 1056270 52067 Hill House, Ansford Hill, Ansford Grade II Listed Building. Detached house, mid C19. Cary stone rubble, roughly coursed, with ashlar dressings; hipped Welsh slate roof; brick end chimney stacks. Two storeys, 3-bays. Sash windows; to outer bays 20-pane above and 16-pane below, and to centre first floor a 12-pane sash window set lower than the others, all in plain ashlar surrounds; to centre a 6-panel door with glazed toplights in plain surround, under flat stone hood on simple brackets. To rear an extension which has one C18 leaded timber casement with iron framed opening light at first floor level. Interior not seen. House primarily included for its group value with Greenhills and Half Moon House. 1056273 52077 The Old House, Lower Ansford, Grade II Listed Building. Detached house. Earlier Ansford C18. Cary stone rubble, roughly coursed, formerly rendered, painted stone dressings; double Roman clay tile roof between coped gables; brick end chimney stacks. Two storeys; 5 bays irregular fenestration. Sash windows; above of 8 panes with thick glazing bars, set in - 16 -

Castle Cary Station] Headland Archaeology CCSS19

NHLE prn name Description moulded stone surrounds, below C19 4-pane sashes in moulded timber surrounds, the windows to bays 3, 4 and 5 out of alignment; between bays 2 and 3 a 6-flush panelled door in plain beaded surround under moulded stone anse-de-panier hood on simply moulded brackets. Interior not seen. Attached to north gable an outhouse now converted to house called the Tallet - not of special interest. 56985 Frome to Yeovil railway The Wiltshire, Somerset and Dorset Railway extended their line (56987) from Frome through Bruton and Castle Cary leaving the county at ST592202 and re-entering at ST581171 to Yeovil Pen Mill in 1856 where it joined the Bristol and Exeter branch from Taunton (56978). 56989 Curry Rivel to Castle Cary railway A direct line from Taunton to London was constructed in 1905-6 avoiding Bristol. This mostly used existing lines but involved the construction of a completely new stretch of line between Curry Rivel Junction where it left the Yeovil branch line (56978) and Castle Cary where it joined the Frome to Yeovil Line (56985). 57034 Castle Cary Station Castle Cary Station on the Yeovil to Frome Railway (56985) at its junction with the direct London line 56989.

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