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Willi Graf Und Die Weiße Rose: Eine Rezeptionsgeschichte'
H-German Bergen on Blaha, 'Willi Graf und die Weiße Rose: Eine Rezeptionsgeschichte' Review published on Tuesday, August 1, 2006 Tatjana Blaha. Willi Graf und die Weiße Rose: Eine Rezeptionsgeschichte. München: K.G. Saur, 2003. 208 S. EUR 68.00 (gebunden), ISBN 978-3-598-11654-4. Reviewed by Doris L. Bergen (Department of History, University of Notre Dame) Published on H- German (August, 2006) German Resistance Against National Socialism and Its Legacies These three books approach the topic of resistance in National Socialist Germany in different ways, but all raise questions familiar to historians of modern Germany and relevant to anyone concerned with why and how individuals oppose state-sponsored violence. What enabled some people not only to develop a critical stance toward the Nazi regime but to risk their lives to fight against it? How should such heroes be remembered and commemorated? What particular challenges face scholars who try to write the history of resistance? Peter Hoffmann's "family history" of Claus, Count Stauffenberg, is the second edition of his book Stauffenberg (1995), originally published in German in 1992 under the title Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg und seine Brüder. Hoffmann, the dean of studies of the German resistance, uses a traditional biographical approach that locates the roots of Stauffenberg's opposition to National Socialism and his attempt to kill Hitler on July 20, 1944, in his unusual family background, his devotion to the poet Stefan George and the George circle and his experiences in the German military before and during World War II. Informed by decades of research and personal connections with Stauffenberg's family and friends, this book is the product of a mature scholar at the peak of his powers. -
The White Rose in Cooperation With: Bayerische Landeszentrale Für Politische Bildungsarbeit the White Rose
The White Rose In cooperation with: Bayerische Landeszentrale für Politische Bildungsarbeit The White Rose The Student Resistance against Hitler Munich 1942/43 The Name 'White Rose' The Origin of the White Rose The Activities of the White Rose The Third Reich Young People in the Third Reich A City in the Third Reich Munich – Capital of the Movement Munich – Capital of German Art The University of Munich Orientations Willi Graf Professor Kurt Huber Hans Leipelt Christoph Probst Alexander Schmorell Hans Scholl Sophie Scholl Ulm Senior Year Eugen Grimminger Saarbrücken Group Falk Harnack 'Uncle Emil' Group Service at the Front in Russia The Leaflets of the White Rose NS Justice The Trials against the White Rose Epilogue 1 The Name Weiße Rose (White Rose) "To get back to my pamphlet 'Die Weiße Rose', I would like to answer the question 'Why did I give the leaflet this title and no other?' by explaining the following: The name 'Die Weiße Rose' was cho- sen arbitrarily. I proceeded from the assumption that powerful propaganda has to contain certain phrases which do not necessarily mean anything, which sound good, but which still stand for a programme. I may have chosen the name intuitively since at that time I was directly under the influence of the Span- ish romances 'Rosa Blanca' by Brentano. There is no connection with the 'White Rose' in English history." Hans Scholl, interrogation protocol of the Gestapo, 20.2.1943 The Origin of the White Rose The White Rose originated from individual friend- ships growing into circles of friends. Christoph Probst and Alexander Schmorell had been friends since their school days. -
Historic City Tour: “Saarbrücken in Nazi Germany“
Das Zentrum für internationale Studierende – ZiS – des International Office informiert: UNIVERSITÄT DES SAARLANDES Historic City tour: “Saarbrücken in Nazi Germany“ Overview Despite the damage the Second World War caused to the city centre of Saarbrücken during the 1940s, some places still remind inhabitants and visitors of the time during the reign of the Na- tional Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP) and its innumerable victims. The tour through the city will stop at memorial places and locations that were important for the functioning of Hitler’s rule over Germany in general and the Saarland in particular. Its main goal is to show social structures and peoples' behaviour, circumstances and ideologies surrounding the 10 year rule of the Nazi party in the Saarland. Focussing on circumstances which characterised the Saarland before it was re-united with the German Reich, the tour explores the development of the region during and after the Nazi regime. The main focus will lie on nationalist-socialist oppression strategies, propaganda, social policy and the persecuted and murdered victims of the dictatorship. The tour will visit the following places: the old synagogue, the grave of Willi Graf, the police barracks, the Schlossplatz, the Gestapo-Cell in the basement of the Historic Museum and the memorial site „Goldene Bremm“. The guide will also explain the aftermath of World War 2 and the process of coming to terms with and remembering the horrible past. History of the Saarland (1793-1959) Its location on the border between France and Germany has given the Saarland a unique history. After the French Revolution, the former independence of the states in the region of the Saarland was terminated in 1792 and made part of the French Republic. -
Life in Nazi Germany – Alarming Facts of the Past
Dear reader, This is a historical newspaper made by pupils of the 10 th grade. It´s in English because of the so called “bilingual lessons” which means that we have got some subjects in English. The following articles deal with the main topic “What was life in National Socialism like?” While reading you will see there are many articles on different topics made by different groups. In the index you may choose an article and turn to the page you like to. Please enjoy! Yours, 10bil (may 2008) Life in Nazi Germany – alarming facts of the past INDEX Women and Family in Nazi Germany Amelie 2 Laura 4 Young People in Germany at the time of National Socialism Linda & Marike 6 What happened to cultural life in National Socialism? Hannah & Leonie 9 Propaganda Sophie 13 Workers and work Basile 16 Economy in Nazi Germany Josephin 18 Terror in Nazi Germany Paul 20 Opposition / Resistance Greta & Stefanie Sa. 24 German Army Ian 27 Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP) (National Socialist German Workers’ Party) Marie 31 Fascism Stefanie St. 34 Sources 36 1 Women and Family in Nazi Germany Amelie In Nazi Germany women had to fulfil a specific role as mothers and wives. Instead of working they should stay at home, cook and take care of their children. Many high-skilled women like teachers, lawyers and doctors were dismissed. After 1939 only few women were left in professional jobs. A common rhyme for women was: "Take hold of kettle, broom and pan, Then you’ll surely get a man! Shop and office leave alone, Your true life work lies at home." To encourage married couples to get many children Hitler introduced the “Law for the Encouragement of Marriage”. -
Catholic Student Resistance in Nazi Germany: Willi Graf of the White Rose (Poster Session) Stephani Richards-Wilson Marquette University
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette College of Arts and Sciences Leadership Research Provost, Office of and Publications 4-8-2010 Catholic Student Resistance in Nazi Germany: Willi Graf of the White Rose (poster session) Stephani Richards-Wilson Marquette University Presented at the Marquette University International Faculty Research Poster Session, April 8, 2010 CATHOLIC STUDENT RESISTANCE IN NAZI GERMANY WILLI GRAF OF THE WHITE ROSE Dr. Stephani Richards‐Wilson, Assistant Dean, Klingler College of Arts and Sciences International Faculty Research Poster Session, Marquette University, April 8, 2010 Upper Left: Research Question: How does one learn to face down evil and pass that spirit on to others? Wilhelm Joseph Graf was born January 2, 1918 and grew up in an apolitical, devout, Catholic family in Saarbrücken, Germany. As a grade‐schooler, he served as an altar boy and regularly attended mass. In 1929, shortly after he entered secondary school, Willi Graf joined a Catholic boy’s group called Bund Neudeutschland (New Germany), which the Nazis banned in 1936. Graf refused to join the Hitler Youth, required of all boys 10 years old and older, despite being threatened from being withheld to take his qualifying exams for university admission. At age 16, Graf joined Grauer Orden (Grey Order), a young men’s Christian group formed at Easter in 1934, consisting of boys from 12 to 25 years old primarily from the middle‐class and western and southern Germany. They went on retreats and took short camping trips within and outside of Germany – all considered illegal activities by the Nazis. Members read theological works by Romano Guardini, the leading figure in the German liturgical revival between the two world wars, and they often sang religious hymns that reminded them of God’s grace and mercy. -
“White Rose” (January 1943) by Offering Active Political
Volume 7. Nazi Germany, 1933-1945 The Fifth Broadsheet of the “White Rose” (January 1943) By offering active political resistance to the Nazi regime, the Munich student group known as the “White Rose” earned a special place in the history of Germany’s youth opposition. No doubt the best-known members of the group were siblings Hans (1918-1943) and Sophie Scholl (1921- 1943), both of whom had supported the Nazi regime early on but eventually came to oppose it. Information about the government’s crimes – the euthanasia program and conditions on the Eastern Front, for example – hastened their move toward resistance. In addition to the Scholls, the core group consisted of Hans's friends and fellow students Alexander Schmorell (1917- 1943), Christoph Probst (1919-1943), and Willi Graf (1918-1943). Professor Kurt Huber (1893- 1943) joined the “White Rose” later on. In 1942 and 1943, group members distributed six broadsheets in which they appealed to the public’s sense of moral duty, called for active resistance to the Nazi dictatorship, and demanded an end to the war. Whereas their first four broadsheets only circulated within a small group of mostly Munich-based academics, the fifth one (see below) was distributed in thousands of copies and found its way into several cities in southern Germany. Written by Hans Scholl, Schmorell, and Probst, and addressed to all Germans, it warns that complicity in Nazi crimes could only be avoided by active resistance. When Sophie Scholl went to distribute the group’s sixth and final broadsheet at Ludwig Maximilians University on February 18, 1943, she was spotted by the school’s janitor, who informed the authorities. -
DIE WIDERSTÄNDIGEN / Zeugen Der Weißen Rose, Dokumentarfilm, 92 Minuten
Traute Lafrenz, Freundin von Hans Scholl 1942 ! Privatbesitz / Seybold Film D i e W i d e r s t ä n d i g e n Z e u g e n d e r W e i ß e n R o s e D o k u m e n t a r f i l m v o n K a t r i n S e y b o l d 1 D ie W id e r st ä n di g en Z e u g e n d e r W e i ß e n R o s e D o k u m e n t a r f i l m v o n K a t r i n S e y b o l d __________________________________________________________________________ Ein anderer Widerstand: Die Weiße Rose - die erste dokumentarische Gesamtdarstellung der Widerstandsarbeit der Münchner Studenten in den Kriegsjahren 1942 und 1943: Gefährten, Freundinnen und Geschwister erzählen, wie sie Flugblattaktionen unterstützten, wie sie Gestapoverhöre und Volksgerichtshof überstanden - manche, die niemand vorher gefragt hat. ana radica ! Presse Organisation Herzog-Wilhelm-Str. 27 D-80331 München Fon 089-2366120 Fax 089-23661220 [email protected] www.ana-radica-presse.com Basis-Film Verleih GmbH Südendstr. 12 D-12169 Berlin Fon 030-7935161 Fax 030-7911551 [email protected] www.basisfilm.de 2 I n h a l t s v e r z e i c h n i s _______________________________________________________________________ Die Zeugen in der Reihenfolge ihres Erscheinens 3 Stab / Credits / Verleih 4 Kurzinhalt 5 Zu den Zeugen 6 Warum überhaupt noch einen Dokumentarfilm über die Weiße Rose ? 7 Director's note 8 Synopsis 10 Bio-Filmografie Katrin Seybold 13 Über Lilo Fürst-Ramdohr und Traute Lafrenz-Page 14 "Wenn einer spricht, wird es hell" Auszüge aus: "Zeitgeschichtlicher Film und Geschichtswissenschaft" Vortrag zum 75. -
German Resistance Against National Socialism and Its Legacies
John J. Michalczyk, ed.. Confront! Resistance in Nazi Germany. New York: Peter Lang, 2004. xiv + 251 pp. $39.95, paper, ISBN 978-0-8204-6317-9. Reviewed by Doris L. Bergen Published on H-German (August, 2006) These three books approach the topic of resis‐ before and during World War II. Informed by tance in National Socialist Germany in different decades of research and personal connections ways, but all raise questions familiar to historians with Stauffenberg's family and friends, this book of modern Germany and relevant to anyone con‐ is the product of a mature scholar at the peak of cerned with why and how individuals oppose his powers. It is at the same time a moving tribute state-sponsored violence. What enabled some to an extraordinary man whose intelligence, no‐ people not only to develop a critical stance to‐ bility of spirit and ability to withstand pain set ward the Nazi regime but to risk their lives to him apart from his peers long before his most fa‐ fight against it? How should such heroes be re‐ mous act of defiance against Nazi evil. membered and commemorated? What particular Tatjana Blaha's exploration of Willi Graf and challenges face scholars who try to write the his‐ his involvement with the "White Rose" in Munich tory of resistance? marks the beginning, rather than the culmination Peter Hoffmann's "family history" of Claus, of its author's career. A revised Ph.D. dissertation, Count Stauffenberg, is the second edition of his Blaha's study seeks to correct the widespread no‐ book Stauffenberg (1995), originally published in tion that the White Rose was essentially the work German in 1992 under the title Claus Schenk Graf of Hans and Sophie Scholl. -
RESISTANCE During the Holocaust
RESISTANCE during the Holocaust United States Holocaust Memorial Museum This pamphlet explores examples of armed and unarmed resis- tance by Jews and other Holocaust victims. Many courageous acts of resistance were carried out in Nazi ghettos and camps and by partisan members of national and political resistance movements across German-occupied Europe. Many individuals and groups in ghettos and camps also engaged in acts of spiritual resistance such as the continuance of religious traditions and the preservation of cultural institutions. Although resistance activities in Nazi Germany were largely ineffective and lacked broad support, some political and religious opposition did emerge. Front cover: Partisans from the Kovno ghetto in the Rudniki forest of Lithuania. 1943–44. Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, Israel Back cover: Jewish partisan musical troupe in the Naroch forest in Belorussia. 1943. Organisation des partisans combattants de la résistance et des insurgés des ghettos en Israel Inside front cover: Three Jewish partisans in the Parczew forest near Lublin. 1943–44. Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, Israel PRODUCTION OF THIS PAMPHLET IS FUNDED IN PART BY THE UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM’S MILES LERMAN CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF JEWISH RESISTANCE. RESISTANCERESISTANCE duringduring thethe HolocaustHolocaust Introduction 3 Obstacles to Resistance 5 Resistance in the Ghettos 9 Unarmed Resistance in Ghettos Armed Resistance: Ghetto Rebellions Resistance in Nazi Camps 23 Unarmed Resistance in the Camps Armed Resistance: Killing Center Revolts Selected -
HEIDRUN KÄMPER Telling the Truth: Counter-Discourses in Diaries Under Totalitarian Regimes (Nazi Germany and Early GDR)
HEIDRUN KÄMPER Telling the Truth: Counter-Discourses in Diaries under Totalitarian Regimes (Nazi Germany and Early GDR) in WILLIBALD STEINMETZ (ed.), Political Languages in the Age of Extremes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011) pp. 215–241 ISBN: 978 0 199 60296 4 The following PDF is published under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND licence. Anyone may freely read, download, distribute, and make the work available to the public in printed or electronic form provided that appropriate credit is given. However, no commercial use is allowed and the work may not be altered or transformed, or serve as the basis for a derivative work. The publication rights for this volume have formally reverted from Oxford University Press to the German Historical Institute London. All reasonable effort has been made to contact any further copyright holders in this volume. Any objections to this material being published online under open access should be addressed to the German Historical Institute London. DOI: 9 Telling the Truth: Counter-Discourses in Diaries under Totalitarian Regimes (Nazi Germany and Early GDR) HEIDRUN KAMPER I Introduction 'To write is strictly forbidden, even so I do it. When I still was free and could write whenever and as much as I wanted, I often doubted the sense of this activity; now I consider it a huge per- sonal relie£ The written word benevolently isolates me from the naked experience of detention.' 1 Luise Rinser, German poet, noted this as a prisoner on remand in 1944. 'In the first place, it [diary-writing] is a means of concentrating my thoughts and energy on literature . -
Remembering the White Rose in West Germany, 1943-1993
Remembering The White Rose: (West) German Assessments, 1943-1993 in: Soundings 22:9(1994), 25-38. Jfarold A1arcuse I Remembering acts of resistance against an established state power brings with it a number of difficulties. When those remembering are citizens on a par with those who resisted, they must face lmcomfort able questions about their own behavior, about their own dedication to the causes for which those they recall to mind summoned their utmost courage. In avoidance of such unpleasant questions many West Germans referred to anti-Nazi resistors as "traitors to the father land"; former chancellor Willi Brandt, who had emigrated to Norway and fought against the invasion of Hitler's armies, was a recipient of that epithet in the 1960s and 70s. On the other hand, when acts of resistance are recollected by offi cial organizations, unwanted parallels and potentially delegitimizing situations may arise. Eulogizing past resistance offers opportunities for present resistance. The late East German government experienced this very directly at commemorative ceremonies for the radical democrats Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, when demonstra tors bearing banners with Rosa Luxemburg's words "Freedom.is al ways only the freedom of those with dissenting views" disrupted official commemorations in January 1988 and 1989. In this paper I will address primarily the latter type of commemo ration: the official ceremonies for the White Rose at Munich Univer sity, which had been the center of their activities. The speeches held at those ceremonies are indicative of this official type of remembering, although not exclusively so. Public monuments established to recall the White Rose provide access to this same kind of public recollec tion, but those for the White Rose are less well documented and will not be considered here. -
Sophie Scholl and the White Rose
ACCLAIM FOR SOPHIE SCHOLL AND THE WHITE ROSE “The animated narrative reads like a suspense novel.” The New York Times “This is a story that commands our attention.” Newsweek International “Inspiring – and could not be more timely.” Studs Terkel “Superbly written.” Library Journal “Unusually powerful and compelling ...Among the indispensable literature of modern political culture.” Hans-Wolf von Wietersheim, Das Parlament (Official publication, German Bundestag) “Heart-wrenching and inspiring . a story few readers will forget.” San Francisco Chronicle “Could change your life forever.” Dayton Daily News “Dumbach and Newborn have told their compelling story beautifully.” Washington Jewish Week “This is an impressive, highly readable and beautifully researched account of two brave German youths and their comrades who rejected Hitler’s demonic vision and fought to open their countrymen’s eyes to the horrors that lay ahead—at the cost of their lives . This book drives home the high cost of courage in world gone mad, and the brilliant light these brave young people shone into the dark night of Nazi Germany.” Susan Rubinowitz, Political Reporter, New York “A must for anyone, especially young people, to read.” Evelyn Rubin, author of Ghetto Shanghai “A dramatic story of courage during the darkest period of the 20th century ...Andit’sastorywithnewchapters unfolding. This book is a fundamental resource and a memorable read.” Toby Axelrod, author and reporter, Berlin & New York “This book, chapter by chapter, builds into an incontestable argument for the power and possibilities of action over passive acceptance and apathy.” Jewish Chronicle TESTIMONIALS ABOUT THE WHITE ROSE BY NOTABLE CONTEMPORARIES “Good, splendid young people! You shall not have died in vain; you shall not be forgotten.