OrchideenJournal

Publisher: V.D.O.F. Vol. 7 · 2 Vereinigung Deutscher Orchideenfreunde e.V. 2019 Benk Foto: © G.

Dendrobium nafi sae

Contents: ● nafi sae (, , ), a new from southwest Page 1 – 12 Sumatra in Indonesia ISSN-Internet 2195-772X ● Three new species of Orchidacea from the Philippines September 18th 2019 OrchideenJournal Internet | Vol. 7 · 2

Dendrobium nafi sae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Dendrobieae), a new species from southwest Sumatra in Indonesia

William Cavestro

Summary: A new Dendrobium from Sumatra is here described as Dendrobium nafi sae 3

Keywords: Orchidaceae, Dendrobium nafi sae, new species Sumatra

Three new species of Orchidacea from Philippines 7

Derek Cabactulan, Jim Cootes, Miguel David De Leon and Reynold Pimentel

Summary: Three new orchid species are here described, namely: cootesii, Aerides turma, and Aerides turma fma. anniversarius, as new to science.

Keywords: Orchidaceae, Aerides cootesii, Aerides turma, Aerides turma fma. anniversarius, new species, philippines

Published by: VDOF e.V. Mittelcarthausen 2 58553 Halver Germany email: [email protected] Editor in chief: Roland Schettler

Date of Publication: September 18th , 2019, 10 p.m. CEST

2 Internet | Vol. 7 · 2 OrchideenJournal Dendrobium nafi sae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Dendrobieae), a new species from southwest Sumatra in Indonesia William Cavestro

Dendrobium nafi sae Benk Foto: © G. Dendrobium nafi sae Cavestro Dendrobium nafi sae Cavestro sp.nov. INTRODUCTION AND DISCUSSION sp.nov. (Orchidaceae, Epidendroide- is similar to Dendrobium grastidi- After the publication of Dendrobi- ae, Dendrobieae, Dendrobium sec- oides J.J. Sm. but differs in obscure- um brillianum (Cavestro & Ormer- tion Pedilonum Blume ly trilobed, oblong (neither entire, nor od 2005), D. parnatanum and D. Type: Southwest Sumatra, Indone- spathulate) and wider labellum with- racieanum (Cavestro 2002, 2003), sia, Bukit Barisan, Mount Dempo; out lateral lamellae. three species of Irian Jaya, Dendrobi- fl owering in culture 10th December Type: Southwest Sumatra, Indonesia, um candidissimum from West Sulawe- 2018 at Agus Marup. W. Cavestro Bukit Barisan, Mount Dempo, c. 1200 si (Cavestro & Champion 2018), we & Agus Marup , s.n. (Holotype An- m, June 2016; fl owering in culture 10 th present a new species named Dend- da). December 2018 at Agus Marup, Jungle robium nafi sae from Southwest Suma- Orchid, Bandung, Java, Indonesia. W. tra. DIAGNOSE: Dendrobium nafi sae Caves- Cavestro and Agus Marup, s.n. (Hol- My friend Agus Marup (named Gus tro nov. sp. Dendrobio grastidioidi J.J. otype Anda ). Benk) living in Bandung (Java) drew my Sm. simile sed obscure labello trilobo, Etymology: named in reference to attention to this Dendrobium which oblongo (nec integro nec spathulato) et Nafi sa, Agus Marup’s daughter. fi rst fl owered in cultivation in Decem- latiore, nullis lateralibus lamellis differt. ber 2018. The remarkable fl owers of

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Dendrobium nafi sae Cavestro and infl orescence

sae are D. mutabile (Blume) Lindl. and petal fl ower D. grastidioides J.J. Sm. D. mutabile was described in 1825 by Blume as Onychium mutabile. In 1830, Lindley transferred this species to the dorsal sepal Dendrobium. This species is found in western and central Java and in Suma- lateral sepal tra (Sebesi and Krakatau). According to Comber (2001), D. mutabile grows up to 700 m. This species has one me- ter long pseudobulbs, much longer than those of D. nafi sae. The of D. mutabile are twice as large. The la- bellum is spathulate and bilobed at the apex with a yellow blotch in the centre (Smith, Die Orchideen von Ja- petal va, Figurenatlas; Comber 2001). In contrast, the labellum of D. nafi sae is obscurely trilobed and oblong, not bilobed at apex with three longitudi- nal obvious keels attenuate at apex. D. mutabile and D. nafi sae are two differ- ent species although they have some similarities. D. grastidioides is a close species of D. nafi sae described in 1920 by Smith. These two species grow in the same region in southwest of Sumatra, South Province of Sumatra (Bukit Ba- risan, Kabupaten Lahat). According to Smith (1920), D. grastidioides is found in Palembang region at an altitude of Drawing: © Claudine Gilquin about 1,700 m. The fl owers of D. grastidioides, grouped 3 – 4 on a short peduncle, 3 – 4 mm long, are white with a yel- low blotch in the center of the label- this Dendrobium grouped in racemes lum is attached to the apex of the col- lum. The fl owers of D. nafi sae are al- are white tinged with light purple. umn foot, the basal part linear and an so grouped on a short peduncle. How- This Dendrobium named D. nafi sae is V-shaped callus. These characters cor- ever, sepals and petals of D. nafi sae part of the section Calcarifera J.J. Sm. respond to the description of the sec- are white tinged pale purple. The la- whose type species is D. pedicellatum. tion Pedilonum Blume and section bellum is pale purple and bright yel- This section has been transferred to Calcarifera J.J. Sm. According to Schu- low to light brown in the middle. The Pedilonum Blume section by A. Schu- iteman (2014), the Pedilonum section color of the fl owers of D. nafi sae and iteman (Genera Orchidacearum, Vol 6, comprises about 125 species, the ma- D. grastidioides is therefore different. Epidendroideae, 2014). The Pedilonum jority are in Sumatra, Java, The Philip- The labellum of D. grastidioides is en- section is characterized by glabrous pines and Borneo. Comber (2001) in- tire, spathulate and shallowly bilobed roots or verrucose, cane-like stems, dicated that the section Calcarifera J.J. at apex with a small tooth between fl eshy, laterally fl attened, usually Sm. includes 17 species in Peninsular the lobes, the margins are round- many-leaved, short-lived leaves with Malaysia, 10 species in Java, 29 in Su- ed and slightly erose (Smith , 1920; tubular sheath at base. Infl orescences matra and 22 in Borneo. Comber 2001). The labellum is 3.7 cm one-to-many fl owered, appear lateral- This species has affi nities with sever- long and 1.7 cm wide. The labellum of ly or apically from the leafy or leafl ess al Sumatran Dendrobium belonging D. nafi sae is obscurely trilobed and ob- stems. Flowers have a mentum elon- to the Calcarifera section: D. acutifoli- long. It is as long as that of D. gras- gate and spur-like. The fl ower of Dend- um Ridl., D. annae J.J. Smith, D. derryi tidioides but much wider (3.5 – 3.8 x robium nafi sae has the characteristics Ridl. and D. hymenopterum Hook.f. 2.1 – 2.5 cm). The labellum of D. nafi - of the section Pedilonum whose label- However the closest species to D. nafi - sae is not bilobed at the apex but en-

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Dendrobium nafi sae

Dendrobium nafi sae

Dendrobium grastidioides J.J. Smith, Dendrobium grastidioides Icones Orchidacearum Malayensium I (1 – 2).

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Dendrobium mutabile (Blume) Lindl., in J.J. Smith, Die Orchideen von Java, Figurenatlas.

Lateral sepals 2.8 – 3.2 cm long and 1.4 – 1.6 cm wide, obliquely oblong- ovate, obtuse, forming a wide mentum at base; mentum 7 mm long and 4 mm wide at apex. Petals 2.3 – 2.6 cm long and 1.5 – 1.7 cm wide, ovate, obtuse, margins undu- late, irregularly bilobed at apex.

Literatur Cavestro W. & Champion J. (2018). Dendrobium candidissimum Caves- tro & J. Champion. A new species (Orchidaceae, Dendrobieae) from West Sulawesi in Indonesia. Die Or- chidee 4(16): 114 – 124. Cavestro W. & Ormerod P. (2005). Dendrobium brillianum Ormerod & Cavestro: une nouvelle espèce de la section Spatulata originaire de l’ouest de la Nouvelle-Guinée. L’Orchidophile 165: 99 – 101. Cavestro W. (2003). Dendrobi- um racieanum Cavestro: une nou- velle espèce originaire d’Irian Jaya. L’Orchidophile 159: 271 – 276. Cavestro W. (2002). Dendrobium parnatanum Cavestro. Une nou- velle espèce de l’ouest d’Irian Jaya en Indonésie. L’Orchidophile 150: 23 – 28. Comber J. (2001) Orchids of Suma- tra. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. de Vogel E. Howcroft N. . Band- isch W. (2018). Orchids of New Guin- tire with erose margins. According to Leaves 8 – 15 cm long and 1.5 – 3 cm ea, website, University of Leiden, Smith‘s description, the labellum of wide, distichous, lanceolate, acute at Nationaal Herbarium Nederland. D. grastidioides has seven longitudi- apex, glabrous, glossy, green with a Lindley J. (1830). Genera and spe- nal keels and lateral laminae. D. nafi - tubular and grey sheath. cies of Orchidaceous . J. Ridg- sae has three prominent longitudinal Infl orescence lateral, racemose, fl ow- way & Sons, London. keels and no lateral lamellae. These ering in cluster of 3 – 8 fl owers; pedun- Schuiteman A. (2014). In Pridg- differences make possible to consider cle lilac to pale purple enveloped by eon A. et al., Genera Orchidacear- D. nafi sae and D. grastidioides as two 2 – 3 scale bracts; pedicel 5 mm long, um, Volume 6 Epidendroideae (Part distinct species. pale purple. three). Oxford University Press. Flowers resupinate, 4.8 – 5.2 cm wide; Smith J. J. (1906). Die Orchideen von DESCRIPTION sepals and petals white and tinged Java, Figurenatlas. E J Brill , Leiden. Epiphytic plant with a short rhizome. pale purple; labellum white to pale Smith J. J. (1920). Dendrobium gras- Roots smooth. purple at apex, bright yellow to light tidioides sp. nov. Icones Orchi- Pseudobulbs 12 – 25 cm long and brown in the middle; column white to dacearum Malayensium. Bulletin du 0.3 – 0.5 cm across, clustered, elongat- pale purple. Jardin botanique de Buitenzorg, sé- ed, slender, cylindric, close together Dorsal sepal 2 – 2.5 cm long and 1 – 1.2 rie 3 (2): 80. with 2.5 – 3.5 cm long internodes, par- cm wide, oblong-ovate, obtuse at tially covered by grey leaf sheaths. apex.

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Labellum 3.5 – 3.8 cm long and Acknowledgements on and the genus . 2.1 – 2.5 cm wide, oblong, obscurely The author thanks Agus Marup for He described many Asian orchids and trilobed with erose margins; 3 parallel drawing my attention to this new Paphiopedilum. and prominent central keels from the species and photographs, Claudine base, then attenuate in the midlobe; Gilquin for the drawing and Roland Photographies: © Agus Marup side lobes oblong; midlobe ovate. Schettler for his very precious help. Column 3.2 cm long, stout, oblong, William Cavestro published sever- William Cavestro with a column foot, concave, forming 2 al books about orchids, a monograph 100, Allée de la Chênaie small lateral wings at apex. on Paphiopedilum and another one 38340. Voreppe. France

Aerides turma

Aerides cootesii Three New Species of Orchidaceae from the Philippines Derek Cabactulan, Jim Cootes, Miguel David De Leon & Reynold Pimentel Aeridea turma fma. anniversarius can grow from the base of a mature Abstract: Three new orchid species been conducted, and no matching ep- plant. Leaves: distichous, sessile, ob- are here described, namely: Aerides ithets have been found. We hereby long, glabrous, up to 30 to 35 cm long cootesii, Aerides turma, and Aerides take this opportunity to name the fol- by 2.8 to 3.7 cm wide, leathery, fl at- turma fma. anniversarius, as new to lowing species as new to science. tened, arching, nerves absent on both science. sides, base conduplicate, apex dis- Aerides cootesii D. Cabactu- tinctly and unequally emarginate. In- Studies by the Cootes Orchid Research lan, M.D. De Leon, & Pimentel fl orescence: axillary, long, cylindri- Group (CORG) continue on the orchid spec.nov. cal, racemose, pendulous, arching, species of the Philippines. Previously HOLOTYPE: Cultivated, MDL1907002 glabrous, 20 to 30 cm long by 6.8 our studies centred on the orchid spe- (July 1st, 2019), CAHUP 73711 (Sep- to 7 cm in diameter, bearing up to 37 cies found on Mindanao, but recently tember 6th, 2019) musky-citrusy scented fl owers, fl ow- CORG has been invited to study the or- er diameter 2.7 cm across lateral se- chids of other regions in the Philippine PLANT DESCRIPTION pals. Flower color: base colour varies archipelago, namely Palawan, and Lu- Growth habit: Epiphytic, monopodi- white, light to pale purple, with fl o- zon. Three species from these regions, al, upright to semi-pendulous. Stems: ral segments having purple blotches long seen in cultivation, are described cylindrical, glabrous, to 1 cm in diam- at the apex of the petals and sepals; here as new to science. Studies of the eter, reaching lengths of over 2 me- lateral lobes are yellow, with minute- relevant literature for the Philippines, tres; covered by imbricating basal leaf ly purple spots scattered interiorly on and her neighbouring countries have sheaths; up to seven smaller plants the background, minutely short pur-

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Aerides cootesii

Aerides cootesii

8 Internet | Vol. 7 · 2 OrchideenJournal ple lines and spots interiorly scattered mm wide. Pollinia: prolate-spheroidal, and widely opened to the nectary. in the base; middle lobe is pale pur- unequally paired, 1.3 to 1.4 mm in di- Habitat and distribution: Aerides coot- ple or white, with minute purple spots ameter; oblong, 2 mm long by esii is only known from the south of and bar lines anteriorly scattered on 0.6 mm wide, viscidium oblong about the island of Palawan. It grows as an the background and two distinct pur- 1 mm in diameter. Stigma: oblong, epiphyte, in plenty of bright light, of- ple lines running from the apex to the concave 1.5 to 2 mm in diameter. In- ten full sun for the whole day, in the base. Peduncle: terete, glabrous, 20 fructescence: not seen. branches of trees in secondary forest to 22 cm long by 3.5 to 4 mm in diam- Comparison: Aerides cootesii is most at 300 meters above sea level. eter. Bracts: triangular, involute, per- similar to Lourei- Etymology: The specifi c epithet hon- sistent; fi ve non-fl oral bracts, 1 cm ro, a widespread species in mainland ors James “Jim” E. Cootes, who has long by 6 mm wide, fl oral bracts 3 mm and oceanic Southeast Asia, and Aer- spent many years studying and writing long by 3.5 mm wide. Pedicel and ova- ides quinquevulnera Lindley, a wide- about the orchids of the Philippines. ry: terete, glabrous, up to 2.4 cm long spread species in the Philippines, but by 1.5-2 mm in diameter. Dorsal Sepal: differs in the shape and orientation Aerides turma M.D. De Leon, Coot- elliptic-ovate, fl attened, slightly revo- of the fl oral segments. The fl owers of es, D. Cabactulan & Pimentel lute, margins entire and minutely ser- Aer. cootesii are slightly smaller than spec.nov. rated towards the apex, up to 1.3 cm Aer. odorata and bigger than those HOLOTYPE: Cultivated, MDL1907004 long by up to 1 cm wide, 9-nerved. Pet- of Aer. quinquevulnera. The shape of (July 1st, 2019), CAHUP 73712 (Sep- als: elliptic-ovate, margins entire and the midlobe of Aer. cootesii is pandu- tember 6th, 2019) minutely serrated towards the apex, rate, whereas in Aer. odorata and Aer. slightly revolute, 1 cm long by 7.5 mm quinquevulnera the midlobe is oblong. PLANT DESCRIPTION wide. Lateral Sepals: broadly ovate, The midlobe margins of the labellum Growth habit: Epiphytic, monopodi- adnate to the column foot, margins en- of Aer. cootesii are lacerate, whereas al, upright to semi-pendulous. Stems: tire, slightly revolute, up to 1.2 cm long in Aer. odorata they are serrulate and cylindrical, reaching lengths of a me- by up to 1.25 cm wide, 11-nerved. La- in Aer. quinquevulnera they are lacer- tre by 8 mm in diameter; glabrous, bellum: trilobed; lateral lobes: trun- ate-serrulate. The shape of the column covered by imbricating basal leaf cate-fl abellate, concave, margins en- head of Aer. cootesii is short, cylindri- sheaths, up to 5 smaller plants can tire, apex margins erose, anterior apex cal, and rounded with a pair of oblong grow from the base of a mature plant. overlapping at the center, 1.3 cm long calli under the base of the rostellum, Leaves: distichous, sessile, oblong, from apex to the base of the column whereas in Aer. odorata it is longer, glabrous, up to 15 to 24 cm long by foot, 7 mm long from apex to the base cylindrical and trapezoid and in Aer. 1.8 to 2.7 cm wide, leathery, fl attened, of the lateral lobes, 7 mm wide; middle quinquevulnera it is shorter, cylindri- arching, nerves absent on both sides, lobe: upright, pandurate, margins lac- cal and rounded. The shape of the stig- base conduplicate, apex distinctly and erate, slightly revolute, apex bilobed, ma of Aer. cootesii is rounded, where- unequally emarginate. Infl orescence: curved inwards and exposed outside as in Aer. odorata it is trapezoid and in axillary, 5 to 16.5 cm long by 2.5 cm in and covering half of the anterior apex Aer. quinquevulnera it is oblong. The diameter, cylindrical, racemose, pen- of the lateral lobes, apex bilobed, 8 apex of the anther cap of Aer. coot- dulous, arching, glabrous, bearing up to 13 mm long by 5 to 6 mm wide an- esii is narrowly triangular, whereas in to 32 scented fl owers; fl ower diame- terior, by 4.5 to 8 mm wide anteriorly Aer. odorata it is broader triangular ter 1.6 cm across lateral sepals. Flow- when fl attened, 3 mm wide when not and in Aer. quinquevulnera it is short- Aerides turma fl attened; spur: short, conical, curved ly triangular. The shape of the stipe upward, 14 mm long from column foot of Aer. cootesii is oblong, whereas in to apex, 11 mm long from the base of Aer. odorata it is rectangular and in the midlobe to apex, 4.5 mm in diam- Aer. quinquevulnera it is oblong. The eter; entrance to the nectary: bears shape of the column foot of Aer. coot- a pair of upper calli, triangular, en- esii is strongly decurrent, long, base closed, about 2.5 mm long, lower calli curved inwards, with mid triangular, paired, discoid, about 0.8 mm in diam- fl attened projection, whereas in Aer. eter, distally 2 mm long from the up- odorata and Aer. quinquevulnera they per calli. Column: short, cylindrical, 3 are shallow decurrent, short, mentum to 3.5 mm long by 3.5 to 4 mm in diam- straightened. The spur of Aer. coot- eter; rostellum lanceolate, paired, 1.5 esii is narrowly short incurved, where- mm long by 1.5 mm wide; a pair of ob- as in Aer. odorata and Aer. quinque- long calli under the base of the rostel- vulnera they are narrowly longer in- lum about 0.30 mm in diameter; col- curved. The upper calli in the lower la- umn foot rectangular, vertically de- bellum of Aer. cootesii is narrowly tri- current, 13 to 13.5 mm long by 3.5 to angular, enclosing nectary, whereas 4 mm wide, mentum curved inwards in Aer. odorata it is widely emarginate about 0.4 mm long; anther cap trian- and widely opened to the nectary and gular, concave by 4.5 mm long by 3.5 in Aer. quinquevulnera it is low retuse

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Aerides turma

er color: base colour white, with fl oral tire, apex margins erose, anterior apex wards about 0.3 mm long; anther cap segments having uneven distribution closed at the center, 10 mm long from triangular, concave, 3.8 mm long by of purple spots and purple blotches apex to the base of the column foot, 6 3.7 mm wide. Pollinia: prolate-sphe- at the apex of the petals and sepals; mm long from apex to the base of the roidal, unequally paired, 1 mm in di- lateral lobes are white; middle lobe is lateral lobes, 6 mm wide; middle lobe: ameter; stipe oblong, 1.5 mm long by purple, with two distinct purple lines upright, short, oblong, margins ser- 0.30 mm wide; viscidium oblong about running from the base of lateral lobes rate, revolute, curved inwards and ex- 0.5 mm in diameter. Stigma: cordate, to the base of the labellum. Peduncle: posed outside and covering half of concave 1 mm in diameter. Infructes- terete, glabrous, up to 15 cm long by the anterior apex of the lateral lobes, cence: not seen. 2.5 mm in diameter. Bracts: triangular, apex bilobed, 6 mm long, 4 mm wide Comparison: Aerides turma is most involute, persistent; three non-fl oral anteriorly when not fl attened, 4.3 mm similar to Aerides quinquevulnera bracts, 4 mm long by 4.3 mm wide, fl o- wide when fl attened; spur: short, con- Lindley but differs in the size, shape ral bracts 3.5 mm long by 4.3 mm wide. ical, curved upward, 8 mm long from and orientation of the fl oral segments Pedicel and : terete, glabrous, up column foot to apex, 6 mm long from and in its fl owering season. The fl ow- to 17 mm long by 1.5 mm in diameter. the base of midlobe to the apex, 4 mm ers of Aer. turma are smaller than Dorsal Sepal: elliptic-ovate, 7 mm long in diameter; entrance to the nectary: those of Aer. quinquevulnera. The mid- by 5 mm wide, fl attened, slightly revo- upper calli obcordate, about 0.5 mm lobe of Aer. turma is shorter and does lute, margins entire and minutely ser- high, lower calli paired, discoid, about not meet the column head, whereas rate towards the apex, 9-nerved. Pet- 1 mm in diameter, distally 1 mm long the midlobe in Aer. quinquevulnera is als: elliptic-ovate, 7 mm long by 4.8 from the upper calli. Column: short, longer and covering the column head. mm wide margins entire and minute- cylindrical, 2.5 mm long by 3 mm in The lateral lobes of Aer. turma are ly serrated towards the apex, slight- diameter; rostellum truncate, paired, truncate, whereas in Aer. quinquevul- ly revolute. Lateral Sepals: broadly 1 mm long by 0.5 mm wide, negative nera they are truncate-fl abellate. The ovate, 7.5 mm long by 7.5 mm wide, ad- geotropic; a pair of rounded calli un- spur of Aer. turma is shortly curved, nate to the column foot, margins en- der the base of the rostellum about whereas the spur of Aer. quinquevul- tire, slightly revolute, 11-nerved. La- 0.3 mm in diameter; column foot rec- nera is narrowly curved upward. The bellum: trilobed; lateral lobes: trun- tangular, vertically decurrent, 6 mm distance of the basal callus in the low- cate-fl abellate, concave, margins en- long by 3 mm wide, mentum curved in- er labellum between the callus of Aer.

10 Internet | Vol. 7 · 2 OrchideenJournal turma is distally spaced, whereas in the Philippines College of Medicine - an epiphyte, in cooler growing condi- Aer. quinquevulnera which is closed. Batch 1995. tions, where it receives plenty of bright The fl owering season of Aer. turma light, often full sun for the whole starts from November through to Jan- Aerides turma fma. anniversarius day in the branches of trees in second- uary, whereas Aer. quinquevulnera M.D. De Leon, Cootes, D. Cabactu- ary forest at 900 meters above sea lev- starts to bloom from August through lan & Pimentel forma.nov. el. to October. HOLOTYPE: Cultivated, MDL1907005 Etymology: This rare forma celebrates Habitat and distribution: Aerides tur- (July 1, 2019), CAHUP 73713 (Sep- the twenty-fi fth anniversary of the ma is only known from the island of tember 6, 2019) University of the Philippines College of Luzon. It grows as an epiphyte, in Medicine Class of 1995. cooler growing conditions, where it re- This is a color form of the previous ceives plenty of bright light, often full species. The plant habit is the same REFERENCES: sun for the whole day in the branches as Aerides turma but the fl owers are Agoo E.M.G., Schuiteman A., and of trees in secondary forest at 900 me- greenish white, without purple mark- de Vogel E.F. 2003. Flora Malesi- ters above sea level. ings. ana: Orchids of the Philippines Vol. Habitat and distribution: Aerides tur- 1 World Biodiversity Database CD- Etymology: The specifi c epithet hon- ma fma. anniversarius is only known ROM Series. ETI/National Herbarium ors the alumni of the University of from the island of Luzon. It grows as of the Netherlands.

Aerides turma fma. anniversarius

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Ames O. 1905 to 1922. Studies in the Comber J.B. 1990. Orchids of Java. Schlechter R. 1911. Zur Kenntnis der Family Orchidaceae Fascicles I to VII. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Orchidaceen von Celebes. Repertori- (Reprint) Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Comber J.B. 2001. Orchids of Suma- um Specierum Novarum Regni Veget- Singh, India. tra. Natural History Publications (Bor- abilis. Ames O. 1912. The Philippine Journal neo). Seidenfaden G. 1992. The Orchids of of Science 7: 23. Cootes J. 2011. Philippine Native Or- Indochina. Opera Botanica 141. Ames O. 1913. The Philippine Journal chid Species. Katha Publishing Co. Seidenfaden G. and Wood J.J. 1992. of Science 8: 419. Inc. 388 Quezon Ave, Quezon City, The Orchids of Peninsular Malaysia Ames O. 1922 to 1930. Schedulae Or- Philippines. and Singapore. Olsen and Olsen, Fre- chidianae Volumes 1 to 10 (Reprint) Handoyo Frankie. 2010. Orchids of In- densborg. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, In- donesia. Indonesian Orchid Society. Valmayor H.L. 1984. Orchidiana dia. Handoyo Frankie and Ramadani Pra- Philippiniana. Eugenio Lopez Founda- Barretto G., et al. 2011. The Wild Or- setya. 2014. Orchids of Sulawesi. In- tion, Inc. Manila, Philippines. chids of Hong Kong. Natural History donesian Orchid Society. Wood J.J., Beaman T.E., Lamb A., Publications (Borneo) Lin Wei-Min & Wang Yi-Fu. 2014. The Chan C.L., and Beaman J.H. 2011. The Beaman T, et al. 2001. Orchids of Wild Orchids of Taiwan - An Illustrat- Orchids of Mount Kinabalu. Two Vol- Sarawak. Natural History Publications ed Guide. KBCC Press Pingtung Coun- umes. Natural History Publications (Borneo). ty, Taiwan. (Borneo) Kota Kinabalu. Chan C., Lamb A., Shim P., Wood J.J. Pelser, P.B., J.F. Barcelona & D.L. Wu Z.-G., Raven P. and Hong D.Y. 1994. Orchids of Borneo Vol. 1. - The Nickrent (eds). 2011 onwards. Co’s (eds.) 2009. Flora of China 25. Science Sabah Society, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Digital Flora of the Philippines. www. Press, Beijing & Missouri BG Press, St. Malaysia. philippineplants.org Louis.

Derek Cabactulan 48 Corrales and 1st Streets Nazareth Cagayan de Oro City Misamis Oriental, Philippines 9000

Jim Cootes, Bronte Place, Woodbine NSW 2560 Australia

Miquel de Leon, Cagayan de Oro Medical Centre Tiano cor. Nacalaban Sts. Cagayan de Oro City Misamis Oriental, 9000 Philippines

Reimond Pimentel Camp Phillips Budkinon Philippines

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