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Download 1.66 MB Records of the Western Australian Museum 20: 333-344 (2001). Copepods from ground waters of Western Australia, V. Phyllopodopsyllus wellsi sp. novo (Crustacea: Copepoda: Harpacticoida) with a key to world species 2 T. Karanovicl, G.L. Pesce and W.F. Humphreys3 1 Via Brescia 3, 84092 Bellizzi (SA), Italy 2 Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy 3 Western Australian Museum, Francis Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia Abstract - Phyllopodopsyllus wellsi sp. novo is described from anchialine ground waters of the Cape Range karst area in north-western Australia and has clear stygomorphies, being colourless and lacking the nauplius eye. The genus is for the first time recorded from Australia, as well as for the first time from outside strictly marine habitats. A key to all the species of the genus Phyllopodopsyllus T. ScoU, 1906 is presented. INTRODUCTION absence, and dimensions of an unguiform Arid north-western Australia is proving to projection). Coull (1973) presented a very detailed contain a diverse stygofauna inhabiting both survey of the genus Phyllopodopsyllus, and compiled ancient freshwater systems (Bradbury and an instructive table listing the most salient Williams, 1997; Poore and Humphreys, 1999a; morphological characteristics. His key included 33 Watts and Humphreys, in press) as well as species and subspecies. Finally Kunz (1984) anchialine waters (Humphreys, in press). Recently, reviewed the genus, and tabulated setal formulae of a number of stygal cyclopoid copepods have been the second, third, and fourth swimming legs in described from the ground waters of Western female, as well as the antennulae segmentation and Australia in both near-coastal (Pesce et al., 1996a, shape. He subdivided the genus into nine species 1996b; Pesce and De Laurentiis, 1996) and ancient groups, based on these characteristics: 1 - bradyi, 2 ­ continental regions (De Laurentiis et al., 1999). The furciger, 3 - aegyptieus, 4 - borutzkyi, 5 - pauli, 6 ­ present paper concerns an harpacticoid copepod opistoeeratus, 7 - mossmani, 8 - xenus, and 9 ­ from anchialine ground waters of north-western longipalpatus group. Piers (1995) doubted the Australia, belonging to a genus previously recorded "naturalness of these groups", but proposed only in strictly marine habitats. nothing new, placing his new species (P. According to Bodin (1997), the tetragonicipitid yucatanensis) within one of Kunz's groups. genus Phyllopodopsyllus T. Scott, 1906 is, one of the Subsequent to the last review of the genus (Kunz, most speciose marine harpacticoid genera, together 1984) 13 new species and subspecies have been with Halectinosoma Lang, 1944 and Stenhelia Boeck, described: P. alatus Fiers, 1986; P. crenulatus Wells 1865, and marine harpacticoid genus with the and Rao, 1987; P. graeilipes Wells and Rao, 1987; P. largest number of new described species in the last stigmosus Wells and Rao, 1987; P. tenuis Wells and fifty years. Lang (1948) initialy divided the genus Rao, 1987; P. galapagoensis Mielke, 1989; P. kunzi Phyllopodopsyllus into two genera (Phyllopodopsyllus Mielke, 1989; P. aneylus Mielke, 1992; P. earinatus and Paraphyllopodopsyllus), based upon the shape of Mielke, 1992; P. mossmani ehiloensis Mielke, 1992; P. the second segment of the antennula and setation of hartmannorum Kunz, 1995; P. pallaresae Kunz, 1995; second and third swimming legs in females. Many and P. yueatanensis Fiers, 1995. In addition Wells authors followed this revision, and Vervoort (1964) and Rao (1987) described the male of P. aegypticus provided an useful key to species of the genus Nicholls, 1944 and Kunz (1995) described the male Phyllopodopsyllus, although not for Paraphyllo­ of P. xenus (Kunz, 1951). Kunz (1984) however did podopsyIIus. After several new species were not mention three species already described: P. described possessing intermediate characteristics, laticauda Por, 1964; P. medius Por, 1964; and P. Lang (1965) synonymized Paraphyllopodopsyllus bahamensis Geddes, 1968. Even though some of the with Phyllopodopsyllus and compiled an excellent species above are synonyms, the number of species key to 21 species them recognized. He subdivided in the genus PhyllopodopsyIIus has increased the genus into three morphological groups based considerably, and a key for their identification is on the second antennular segment (i.e. presence or therefore included in this paper. During an 334 T. Karanovic, G.L. Pesce, W.F. Humphreys investigation of the copepod fauna in Western Permanent mounts were made in commercial Australia a new species of the genus polyvinyl-Iactophenol and in Faure's medium. Phyllopodopsyllus was identified. This new species is Dissected specimens were drawn at magnification herein described as P. wellsi sp. novo of 630x and 1000x with drawing tube mounted on a Leica DMLS microscope, with C-plan achromatic objectives. All material is deposited in the Western HABITAT AND ASSOCIATED FAUNA Australian Museum (WAM) and BES denotes field The copepods were sampled from ground water numbers from the Invertebrate Biogeography and in karst terrain, accessed by temporary bores drilled Ecology group. Abbreviations used in the key to for a seismic survey. The bores were located on a species are: Fu - furcal rami; A1- antennula; P1-P4 wave-cut limestone terrace overlain by Quaternary - first to fourth swimming leg; P5 - fifth leg; Enp ­ deposits on the north-western tip of the Cape Range endopodite; Exp - exopodite; Enp2P3 - second peninsula, Western Australia. Bore A5 lies one endopodite segment of the third swimming leg. kilometre south-east of Babjarrimannos at an altitude of a 12 m ASL and ca. 1000 m from the seashore; the water table approximates sea level SYSTEMATICS 3 and had a salinity of 24.7 g/dm • Bore A7 is within one kilometre of Vlaming Head at an altitude of a Family Tetragonicipitidae Lang, 1944 10 ASL and ca. 350 m from the seashore; the water 3 Genus Phyllopodopsyllus T. Scott, 1906 is about sea level and had a salinity of 25.7 g/dm • Ground water on the eastern side of the peninsula, Phyllopodopsyllus wellsi sp. novo where it has been recorded, tipically tracks the Figures 1-19 marine tides but exhibits a temporal and amplitude lag (Humphreys et al., 1999). The waters are Material Examined typically anchialine (Stock et al., 1986; Sket, 1996; Humphreys, 1999b) and exhibit a marked physico­ Holotype ~ chemical stratification (Humphreys, 1999b). Fauna (WAM C24456), Cape Range, AB7, Western sampled within the same boreholes as Phyllo­ Australia, Australia, 21°49'S, 114°06'E, 11 podopsyllus wellsi sp. novo were all stygal species and November 1995, leg. RD. Brooks (BES 4676.1). included the blind gudgeon Milyeringa veritas Whitley (Pisces: Eleotridae), calanoid copepods and Allotype melitid amphipods. These form part of a more ;:) (WAM C244457), Cape Range, AB7, Western widespread and diverse stygofauna inhabiting both Australia, Australia, 21°49'S, 114°06'E, 11 fresh and anchialine waters of the Cape Range November 1995, leg. RD. Brooks (BES 4676.1). peninsula, with elements being found on Barrow Island 170 km to the north-east (Humphreys, 1999b; Paratypes in press; Humphreys et al., 1999). The following Australia: Western Australia: 14 ;:), 11 ~ (9 cyclopoid copepods are known from the area: ovigerous) (WAM 24458 - C24465, on slides, Apocyc1ops dengizicus (Lepechkine), Halicyc10ps C24466 in alcohol) Cape Range, AB7, 21°49'S, longifurcatus Pesce, De Laurentiis and Humphreys, 114°06'E, 11 November 1995, leg. RD. Brooks (BES Metacyc10ps mortoni Pesce, De Laurentiis and 4676.2). Humphreys, Microcyc1ops varicans G.O. Sars, and Diacyc10ps humphreysi Pesce and De Laurentiis. In Other material addition, the wider anchialine fauna contains Australia: Western Australia: 3 ;:), 5 ~ (4 numerous widely disjunct taxa, many of which ovigerous) (WAM C24467, in alcohol), Cape Range, occupy a "Tethyan" track, such as Lasinectes AB7, 21°49'S, 114°06'E, 5 November 1995, leg. RD. (Remipedia), Halosbaena (Thermosbaenacea), Brooks (BES 4673). Haptolana (Isopoda), Liagoceradocus (Amphipoda), 1 ~ (WAM C24468, on slide), Cape Range, AB5, Danie1opolina (Ostracoda), as well as misophrioid 21°50'S, 114°05'E, 4 November 1995, leg. R.D. and calanoid copepods (Yager and Humphreys, Brooks (BES 4666). 1996; Poore and Humphreys, 1992; Bruce and Humphreys, 1993; Bradbury and Williams, 1996; Description Danielopol et al., in press). Female (holotype) Habitus elongated, cylindrical. Body colourless, MATERIAL AND METHODS and nauplius eye absent. Cuticle densely furnished The sites were sampled using baited traps and with minute pits, especially on furcal rami and haul-nets from 'uphole' bores drilled to locate antennula (Figures 1 and 2). Prosome comprising recording equipment for a seismic survey. cephalothorax, incorporating first pedigerous Phyllopodopsylllls wellsi sr. novo from ground waters of Western Australia 335 2 3 4 Figures 1-4 Phyllopodopsylllls wellsi sp. nov., holotype (female): 1 antennula and rostrum; 2 - abdomen, dorsal view; 3 - maxilliped; 4 - mandibula. Scales = 0.1 mm. 336 T. Karanovic, G.L. Pesce, W.F. Humphreys somite, and 3 free pedigerous somites. Surface of armed with 1 lateral and 2 apical (1 smooth and 1 dorsal shield covering cephalothorax with many plumose) setae (Figure 4). Both rami I-segmented. sensillae, as well as tergites of 3 free pedigerous Maxillula with 13 setae on precoxa, 5 setae on somites. Hind margins of somites smooth. Rostrum coxa, 8 on basis, 4 on endopodite and 3 setae
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