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An Error Analysis of English Approximant Consonants Made by the First Year Students of English Department at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar

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An Error Analysis of English Approximant Consonants Made by the First Year Students of English Department at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar AN ERROR ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH APPROXIMANT CONSONANTS MADE BY THE FIRST YEAR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT AT MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF MAKASSAR A THESIS Submitted as the Fulfillment to Accomplish Sarjana Degree At faculty of Teacher Training and Education Makassar Muhammadiyah University MUHAMMAD REZA 1053 55643 13 ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION MAKASSAR MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY 2020 ii iii SURAT PERNYATAAN Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini: Nama : Muhammad Reza Stambuk : 10535 5643 13 Jurusan : Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Judul Skripsi : An Error Analysis of English Approximant Consonants Made by The First Year Students of English Department at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa Skripsi yang dilakukan di depan Tim Penguji adalah asli hasil karya saya, bukan jiplakan dan tidak dibuat oleh siapa pun. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya dan saya bersedia menerima sanksi apabila pernyataan ini tidak benar. Makassar, Maret 2021 Yang Membuat Pernyataan, Muhammad Reza iv SURAT PERJANJIAN Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini: Nama : Muhammad Reza Stambuk : 10535 5643 13 Jurusan : Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Dengan ini menyatakan Perjanjian sebagai berikut: 1. Mulai dari penyusunan proposal sampai selesainya skripsi saya. Saya akan menyusun sendiri skripsi saya (tidak dibuat oleh siapapun). 2. Dalam penyusunan skripsi saya akan selalu melakukan konsultasi dengan pembimbing yang telah ditetapkan oleh pimpinan Fakultas. 3. Saya tidak akan melakukan penjiplakan (plagiat) dalam penyusunan skripsi saya. 4. Apabila saya melanggar perjanjian saya seperti yang tertera pada butir 1, 2, dan 3, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Demikian perjanjian saya buat dengan penuh kesadaran. Makassar, Maret 2021 Yang Membuat Pernyataan, Muhammad Reza v MOTTO You Don’t Have to Be Great To Start, But You Have To Start To Be Great. PERSEMBAHAN Skripsi ini adalah bagian dari ibadahku kepada Allah Azza Wajalla, karena Kepadanyalah Kami menyembah dan kepadaNyalah kami memohon pertolongan. Sekaligus sebagai ungkapan terima kasihku kepada: Bapak, Ibu dan saudariku yang selalu memberikan motivasi dalam hidupku,. Teman-teman BG 013 Terima kasih atas semuanya vi ABSTRAK Muhammad Reza, 2020. An Error Analysis of English Approximant Consonants Made by the First Year Students of English Department at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar dibimbing oleh Ummi Khaerati Syam dan Uyunnasirah Hambali. Tujuannya agar peneliti ingin mengetahui kesalahan dominan yang dilakukan siswa dalam mengucapkan kata-kata yang mengandung Fricative dan Approximant Consonant bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Kuantitatif pada dasarnya dibingkai dalam istilah penggunaan angka, pertanyaan tertutup. Penelitian kuantitatif dicirikan sebagai pemeriksaan karakteristik yang efisien dengan mengumpulkan informasi yang dapat diukur dan melakukan prosedur faktual, ilmiah, atau komputasi. Dalam pengumpulan data peneliti menggunakan tes pengucapan sebagai instrumen untuk mendapatkan data. Item tes pengucapan terdiri dari daftar 120 kata. Setiap suara terdiri dari 5 kata. Tes pengucapan diberikan kepada responden dengan meminta mereka untuk mengucapkan kata- kata dengan jelas dan benar saat peneliti merekam. Hasil data penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa melakukan 1085 atau 93,53% kesalahan substitusi, 38 atau 3,28% kesalahan kelalaian, dan 37 atau 3,19% kesalahan penjumlahan dari total kesalahan yang ditemukan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa melakukan kesalahan dalam substitusi dengan persentase yang lebih tinggi daripada kelalaian dan kesalahan substitusi memiliki persentase yang lebih tinggi daripada kelalaian dan penjumlahan. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kesalahan substitusi 179 atau 97,28%, kesalahan penghilangan 5 atau 2,72%, dan tidak ditemukan kesalahan penjumlahan dalam pelafalan approximant consonant bahasa Inggris. Jadi, dari semua jenis kesalahan, sebagian besar siswa melakukan kesalahan pada fricative dan approximant consonant Keywords: Analisis Kesalahan, English Approximant Consonants, Penelitian Kualitatif vii ABSTRACT Muhammad Reza, 2020. An Error Analysis of EnglishApproximant Consonants Made by the First Year Students of English Department at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. A Thesis. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. Muhammadiyah University of Makassar, supervised byUmmiKhaeratiSyam and UyunnasirahHambali. The objective that the researchers wish to find out the dominant errors made by the students in pronouncing the words containing English Fricative and Approximant consonants. This research applied quantitative research. Quantitative is basically framed in term of using numbers, closed-end question. Quantitative research is characterized as an efficient examination of wonders by gathering quantifiable information and performing factual, scientific, or computational procedures. In collecting data the researcher used pronunciation test as instrument in order to get the data. The items of pronunciation test consisted of a list of 120 words. Each sound consisted of 5 words. Pronunciation test was given to the respondents through asking them to pronounce the words clearly and correctly while the researcher was recorded. The result of the research data showed that the students made 1085 or 93.53% errors of substitution, 38 or 3.28% errors of omission, and 37 or 3.19% errors of addition from the total errors found. It indicated that most of the students made errors in substitution with high percentage than omission and errors of substitution had higher percentage than omission and addition. The result of the data analysis showed that there were 179 or 97.28% errors of substitution, 5 or 2.72% errors of omission, and there were no errors of addition found in pronouncing English approximant consonants. So, from all kinds of errors, most of the students made errors in substitution both fricative and approximant consonants. Keywords: Error Analysis, English Approximant Consonants, qualitative Research viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS In the name of Allah, the most gracious and most merciful AlhamdulillahiRabbilAlamin, I would like to express my profound gratitude to the almighty God Allah SWT, the most compassionate and merciful, the cherisher and sustainer of the world. Peace be upon him, Rasulullah Muhammad SAW, Shalawat and Salam are addressed to the beloved and chosen messenger. Many problems and difficulties had been encountered in finishing this thesis. I do realize that in conducting the research and writing this report, I got invluable contribution and assistance from a great number of people. Therefore, I would like to express my deep appreciation and sincere thanks to all of them as follows: 1. The Rector of Makassar Muhammadiyah University, Prof. Dr. H. Ambo Asse, M.Ag. 2. The Dean of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education,Erwin Akib, M.Pd., P.HD. 3. The Head of English Education Department, Ummi Khaerati Syam, S.Pd., M.Pd., and Ismail Sangkala, S.Pd., M.Pd., the secretary of English Education Departmentfor their guidance and aid. 4. Ummi Khaerati Syam, S.Pd., M.Pd.,as the first consultant who guided, gave corrections and advices in writing this thesis, and then to the second consultant, Uyun Nasirah Hambali, S.Pd., M.Pd., for his time in guiding, ix giving correction and suggestion from the preliminary manuscript until the last page of this thesis. 5. My beloved parents, Hamandja and Djumiatty Lundangen, for their love, sacrifices, advices and pray; and also special thanks to my brother and sister for their love and supports. 6. The lecturers and the staff of University Muhammadiyah Makassar for their guidance during the years of my study. 7. All my friends are from EDSA-013 and all of people who always gave me inspiration that cannot be mentioned one by one. Hopefully, this thesis would be useful for many people who need it. Makassar, January 2021 The Researcher x LIST OF CONTENTS Page COVER ................................................................................................................ i LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ................................................................................ ii APPROVAL SHEET .......................................................................................... iii SURAT PERNYATAAN .................................................................................... iv SURAT PERJANJIAN ....................................................................................... v MOTTO ............................................................................................................... vi ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................. ix LIST OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 1 A. Background .......................................................................... 1 B. Problem Statement ............................................................... 4 C. Objectives of the Research .................................................
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