Zimbabwe Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan

Language: English Original: English

PROJECT: NORTH-EAST NETWORK REHABILITATION PROJECT (NENRP)

ABBREVIATED RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (ARAP) SUMMARY

Date: June 2018

Team Leader(s) : L. HARMSE, PESD.2 E. MUGUTI, RDGS.1

Team Members : E. AUER, Social Development Specialist, SNSC/RDGS.3 Y. HATIRA, Environmental Specialist, SNSC/RDGS.3

Appraisal Team Regional Director: J. NGURE, RDGS.0 Sector Director: B. BALDEH, PESD.0 Department Manager: F. KANONDA, RDGS.1

Abbreviated RAP Project Title: North-East Network Project Number: P-ZW-FA0-016 Rehabilitation Project (NENRP) Country: Zimbabwe Department: PESD Division: PESD2 Project Category: 1

1. Description of the project, project area and area of influence. The proposed project involves construction of a Single Wolf 132kV transmission line from Atlanta 132/36kV substation to Mutoko town. The existing Atlanta substation already has space to accommodate a new line bay. The transmission line will terminate in the proposed Mutoko 132/33kV substation in Mutoko town centre. The new Mutoko 132kV substation will be equipped with 2 x 30/50MVA transformers and 7 x 33kV line bays (and a high capacity 36kV line will be constructed from Mutoko) and will have a footprint of approximately 1.5 hectares. An access road will be constructed to the substation site. Some of the existing 33kV lines will be re-routed into the new Mutoko substation and the existing Murewa – Mutoko 132kV line will undergo rehabilitation works to prepare it for the voltage upgrade.

The indicative scope of work includes the following: Bay extension at Atlanta 132/33kV Substation for the new to be constructed 132kV transmission line; Refurbishment of 4 x 33kV circuit breakers and associated equipment, currently non-functional Construction of 42km x 132kV monopole, single circuit transmission line from Atlanta – Murewa and rehabilitation works on the existing Murewa –Mutoko 132kV lattice structure line (66km); Construction of a new Mutoko 132kV substation equipped with 2 x 30/50MVA, 132/36kV Substation at Mutoko and 7 x 36kV line bays; Re-routing part of the existing 33kV lines into the new Mutoko substation; Downstream Network Refurbishment and new customer connection; Social up-liftment activities, including the drilling of boreholes, construction of a mothers waiting shelters, and the construction of community dip tanks for various villages. Administratively the proposed Atlanta – Mutoko 132kV transmission line and substation project lies in Mashonaland East Province. Within the province, the project spans three jurisdictions namely Mutoko, Murewa and Goromonzi Rural District Councils. However, the transmission line will also serve two other districts, namely Mudzi and Uzumba-Maramba-Pfungwe (UMP) Rural District Councils. The alternative substations site as well as the transmission line routes that were considered are presented in the ESIA study. 2. Potential impacts 2.1.Alternatives Considered The routing of the line was considered following the conclusion of the technical studies and the recommendation to construct the Atlanta- Mutoko 132kV line. The guiding principle in selecting the line route was that it should be a route with the least environmental and social impacts. In line with this principle, four potential routes were identified and investigated, these were Alt. 1 – 42 km (recommended); Alt. 2 – 47 km; Alt. 3 – 46 km and Bee Line – 38 km. In all cases, the route

2 had to terminate at the point where the new line from Atlanta joins the existing line outside Murewa Centre. On the basis of the comparison, alternative 1 which is 42km long was selected as the best line route option. The main advantage of the route is that it has the least number of relocations, and entails less vegetation clearance as access roads are available over much of the route. The route will result in less vegetation losses and less habitat disturbances compared to the other options. The route therefore has more social and environmental advantages compared to the other alternative routes. 2.2.Identified Impacts 2.2.1. Wayleave Clearing Activities that would give rise to environmental and social impacts include establishment of the way leave, transmission line construction, siting and construction of associated construction camps, upgrading of access roads and construction of the switching station. In order to minimize impacts on both the social and natural environments, a line route that follows an existing line was selected. 2.2.2. Physical Displacement Of Settlements Line routing was carefully undertaken with the objective of avoiding settlements and the associated social disruptions. While efforts were made to avoid relocations as much as possible, the final route still entails physical relocation of three (3) families (Project Affected Households) from the way leave. These families will be relocated within their existing properties and new homes will be built for them by the project. 2.2.3. Economic Displacement Development of the way leave and line construction activities will directly affect agricultural crop fields for 23 farmers (Project Affected Households - PAH), a total of 138 Project Affected People (PAPs). The line will dissect crop fields hence could affect farming activities especially if undertaken during the rainy season. There is therefore potential for disturbing farming activities on the farms. However, the farmers’ use of the land will only be restricted with respect to the footprint where the monopoles will be planted. Each of the affected farmers is likely to have at most two poles planted in the fields given that the line has a span of about 300m. ZETDC chose to use the monopole because of its smaller footprint compared to alternatives like the lattice tower. This greatly reduces the overall impact associated with erection of towers on the farmers’ land. The total affected land will be 20.05 hectares. 2.2.4. Public Infrastructure and Social Services 2.2.4.1.Impact on roads Community roads will be used for transportation of materials for the line and may deteriorate as a result; however, the project is expected to upgrade these community roads to facilitate transportation of equipment and materials for the line. In view of this, community roads will be upgraded and will be left in a better state compared to what they are at the moment. Approximately

30km of access roads in the project area will be upgraded and will benefit the community long after the construction phase. 2.2.4.2.Impact on communal grazing area Apart from dissecting arable lands, the line will also cut across grazing lands. This will not affect livestock grazing since livestock will still be able to graze in the way leave. 3. Socio-economic studies 3.1.Population and Demographics The three rural districts dissected by the line, namely Mutoko, Murewa and Goromonzi have a combined population of 511,343 people according to the 2012 national census report. The male to female ratio averages about 49.9 to 51.1%. The project area is characterized by high maternal mortality ratio (MMR). The MMR in the project area as is higher than the overall MMR for the Mashonaland East Province (588) except for the Murewa district. Seven percent of the female population is widowed while 25.7% is orphaned. These widows and orphans are among the vulnerable groups who will benefit from social upliftment projects associated with the transmission line project.

Average household size is 4.3 while household incomes are less than $50 per month. Mudzi District, which is one of the districts to benefit from the project is considered one of the poorest districts in the country, with an average poverty prevalence of 87.9%. The vast majority of people in the concerned districts have no access to electricity. The percent of dwellings with access to electricity is 24.8% in Goromonzi, Mudzi, Mutoko and Murewa districts. As a result, 90% of the population in these districts use wood fuel. A significant proportion of the people in Mudzi district do not have toilets (37.7%) and rely on the bush system which is both an environmental and public health hazard.

Table 3.1. – a Demographics for the affected farmers Adult males 37 Adult females 26 Boys below 18 33 Girls below 18 30 Total 126

3.2.Social and cultural characteristics of the displaced communities Communities in the project area consist largely of the VaToko people who settled in the area long back. Over the years, economic migrants from various parts of the country settled in the area, having secured employment or participating in the utilization of the area’s natural resources. Between 2005 and 2010 more people settled in the area as a result of the Government’s Land Reform Programme.

3.3.Vulnerable Groups

The stakeholder consultative meetings found that disadvantaged groups of people in the area are: Widows; Child headed families; Disabled and Orphans.

ZETDC is committed to ensuring that these people are given preference when it comes to employment during the construction and operational phases of the project. Respective Councilors in the project area have personal details pertaining to these people. Sixty percent of jobs will be reserved for women and other vulnerable groups. The project will refurbish schools and clinics, provide electricity to institutions used by marginalized groups as well as provision of clean water.

3.5.Settlement Patterns and Traditional Authority The project area stretches over three rural district and council areas namely Goromonzi, Murewa and Mutoko Rural District Councils. These are the districts where line construction and upgrading will take place while two other districts Mudzi and Uzumba- Maramba- Pfungwe will benefit from the downstream network refurbishment component of the project.

Approximately 10km of the 42 km stretch between Atlanta substation and Murewa dissects arable lands in both commercial and communal farming areas. Settlements are sparse in the commercial farming areas but are quite dense and haphazard in nature when it comes to the communal areas. Dwellings consist of a mixture of modern and traditional houses. The latter are largely round pole and mud huts under thatch. This is also evident in the attached asset register.

Some parts of the project area do not have social infrastructure such as schools and clinics. Children travel an average of 8km to schools in the area. The settlements are organized into villages. The traditional authority consists of village heads, headmen and the Chief.

3.6.Local economy and livelihoods The project area is endowed with a diversity of natural resources. Murewa and Mutoko districts are famous for the black granite quarrying activities. Every day, huge trucks carrying heavy blocks of black granite rocks ply the dirt roads in the two districts ferrying these rocks to factories in Harare and Chitungwiza where they are cut and polished before being exported to overseas markets. The unfortunate part though is that the sites where these black granite rocks are extracted are in a terrible state of degradation, with the mining companies doing virtually nothing to rehabilitate the sites and to improve the welfare of local people in whose neighbourhoods the rocks are extracted.

Another important source of livelihoods is gold mining especially in Mudzi district, parts of the district such as the Makaha area are known for their rich gold deposits. There are several small scale gold mining syndicates operating in the area. The majority of miners are individuals, most of them illegally mining the precious mineral just to make a living.

By far the most important aspect of the economy is farming. Even though the five districts making up the project area are prone to droughts, the bulk of the population is involved in subsistence farming under rain fed conditions. There are commercial farms immediately outside Atlanta substation and resettlement areas between Murewa growth point and Mutoko centre. In the resettlement areas farmers got pieces of land averaging about 6 hectares during the land reform programme. Most people in the project area thus depend on farming as the major source of livelihoods. Periodic seasonal droughts and severe mid-season dry spells are experienced during the rainy season making dry land farming a risky livelihood source. Irrigation facilities are available only in the commercial farms around Atlanta substation.

3.7. Land Tenure The land tenure system in the project area falls into two main categories, state land and freehold tenure. The farms around Atlanta substation are held under the freehold tenure system, some of them having been purchased during the pre-independence period. However, the bulk of the farmland falls under the State and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Lands and Rural Resettlement and Rural District Councils. The former owns all the land in the resettlement areas while the later owns and administers land in the communal areas. The Ministry authorizes use of land in the resettlement areas for any other purposes that are not agriculture. In this regard, ZETDC applied for and was granted the way leave by the Ministry to enable construction of the line. None of the farmers in these resettlement areas has title deeds to the land. Users of the land cannot sell or lease the land. Similarly, land in the communal areas is under the jurisdiction of the respective rural district councils. The RDCs plans the use of the land and as such, ZETDC will also apply for way leaves from these RDCs with respect to their areas that are dissected by the transmission line.

3.8.Infrastructure and social services Infrastructure and services such as telecommunication, shops, schools and banks are readily available only at the growth points such as Murewa, Mutoko, Kotwa and Mutawatawa. Television, telephone and GSM mobile coverage is also good in the areas immediately outside the growth points. Remote parts of the districts hardly have telephone services. They also lack health facilities hence several communities requested ZETDC to assist them by constructing new clinics or upgrading existing ones to enable them to better serve the communities. There are small shops stocking groceries and household commodities in most of the communal and resettlement areas. Radio reception is also very poor or completely unavailable in the rural areas.

3.9. Water supply, sanitation and waste management Municipal water and waste management services are available in growth points i.e. at Juru, Murewa and Kotwa. In the rest of the project area, which are farming areas, water and sanitation facilities are still being developed. There are communal boreholes in some parts of the project area although in a few areas people still draw water from unprotected sources, mainly dams. A

6 significant number of households in the farming areas do not have access to toilet facilities, one of the main issues affecting sanitation in the area.

3.10. Health Clinics and private medical doctors are available in growth points, but not so readily available in the farming areas dissected by the transmission line. Each of the 5 districts in the project area has a district hospital, which is the referral hospital for all clinics in the respective districts. These hospitals also refer patients to the provincial hospital located in Marondera town. Most of the local people requested funding for refurbishment works at the various clinics. These clinics are generally unable to provide adequate service to the population in the area and are in dire need of upgrading. Supply of medicines is also erratic.

3.11. Education The education situation closely resembles that of health. Schools are available in growth points to cater for both primary and secondary education. In the farming areas dissected by the line, schools are few and far from one another. In some areas, parents are constructing schools on their own after realizing that available schools are too far away for their children. The only institution of higher learning in the project area is Nyadire Teachers’ college.

3.12. Archaeological and Cultural Heritage An archaeological and cultural heritage assessment survey was conducted in the project area as part of the ESIA study. The study did not find any registered archaeological sites, but two burial sites exist along the transmission line route. These burial sites will not be interfered with during the construction period. Despite the absence of recorded archaeological sites, the construction phase will require constant engagement of the Department of National Museums and Monuments in order to avert affecting other as yet unknown sites.

4. Consultations 4.5.Stakeholder Identification and Mapping A participatory and inclusive approach has been used for all stakeholder engagement activities. In some villages, alternative arrangements have been made to meet with the affected households who were not available on the day that the RAP team visited the villages of concern. All efforts have been made to minimize interruption to stakeholders’ daily activities, with careful selection of meeting times and locations. All meetings were recorded; with meeting notes, lists of comments, concerns and feedback all captured. All comments have been reviewed and considered during the RAP process and the right to stakeholder confidentiality fully observed. 4.6.Consultation with the project affected persons The project affected people were consulted during the design and preparation stages of the RAP.

There are two groups of the directly affected parties i.e. those who will be physically displaced and those whose crop fields are dissected by the transmission line hence will suffer economic displacement. Three will be physically and economically displaced while another twenty will not be physically displaced but will have their crop fields dissected by the line. There is the risk of affecting their crops during the construction period or they may face difficulties accessing their crop fields during the construction phase of the line. there is potential reduction in harvests directly linked to the construction of the line. These people were engaged through a one on one interview process during which they expressed their views and fears regarding the proposed project and its impacts on their lives.

4.7.Compensation options provided to the Project Affected Parties 4.7.1. Physical displacement There were two options provided to the physically displaced families:

Option 1: Cash compensation in which the affected family will be given money to build a new homestead of their own choice Option 2: ZETDC builds a new home consisting of a three bedroomed house with a corrugated iron sheets roof; a round, grass thatched African kitchen; a two squat hole toilet and a well

The three affected families preferred option two, in which ZETDC will build new homes for them. The plans were shown to the families are were accepted. The new homesteads, with an estimated value of USD40,000 each is an improvement on the quality of life of the affected households whose current homesteads have a value of less than USD5,000.

4.7.2. Economic displacement The three physically displaced families, together with another twenty families will also suffer economic displacement. This will arise from the fact that the transmission line dissects their crop fields hence the families will face challenges in accessing their crop fields should construction starts during the rainy season. It is also possible that crops could be destroyed during construction of the line. Either way, the farmers will receive compensation. ZETDC offered to pay monetary compensation for the damage to crops or failure by farmers to access their land. This is the position which all the affected farmers agreed to. Monetary compensation paid will vary from farmer to farmer depending on the amount of land affected and the type of crop affected.

5. Compensation and resettlement assistance 5.1. Eligibility Displaced persons in the case of this project are people whose farmland will be dissected by the transmission line and those who will be physically displaced. There are 23 farmers whose land will be dissected by the line while three families will be relocated from their current homesteads. An asset register capturing assets for each of the farmers has been prepared. 5.2.Cut-off date

Compensation with respect to homesteads will only be paid to homesteads that were already in existence before stakeholder meetings held between February 2017 and January 2018. The last such meeting was undertaken on 29 January 2018. Stakeholders were advised through these meetings that any new homes built along the route after the date of the meetings shall not be eligible for compensation. The respective Rural District Councils and the Ministry of Lands and Rural Resettlement were also advised of the development and to ensure that no new homesteads are built within the way leave. The line route has already been registered with the Ministry of Lands and Rural Resettlement and the Rural District Councils. Famers whose land is dissected by the line are the only ones with homesteads nearest to the line. These have been documented and ZETDC knows the location of all homesteads that may be affected. With regards to compensation for crops, farmers will only be compensated for crops that were already in the field at the time construction starts. They will also be compensated if they fail to access their fields because of construction works. As a result of this, cut off dates cannot be set with certainty with respect to crops. 5.3.Valuation of, and compensation for loses 5.3.1. Compensation for crops The area of land that will be within the way leave and therefore likely to be affected by construction work was calculated and used as the basis for determining compensation to farmers whose land is dissected by the line. Table 6.1 below shows the valuation of crops and the payments that will be made to farmers. The compensation entitlements will be a function of the total land area under the line and the estimated yield from the land area which will then be multiplied by the going price for the particular crop.

Table 5.3 – (a) Valuation and compensation cost for crops

Name of plot holder Total affected Type of crops Average Expected Average Total area (Area affected grown yield per yield from crop compensation that will be where line cuts hectare the affected price/tone due to farmer under the new across field (tones) area (t) (USD) line)

1. Betty Gwanzura 1.2 Maize 2.5 3 300 900.00 2. Elizabeth Maria 1.2 Maize 2.5 3 300 900.00 3. Judge Kakani 1.2 Maize, groundnuts 2.5 3 300 900.00 4. Tichaona Mumba 1.2 Maize 2.5 3 300 900.00 5.Patson Mureya 1 Maize, groundnuts 2.5 2.5 300 750.00 6.Michael Kaitoge 3 Maize 2.5 7.5 300 2,250.00 7.Richard Mapfumo 0.75 Maize 2.5 1.875 300 562.50 8.Garikai Silver 1.75 Maize 2.5 4.375 300 1,312.50 9.Rairo Zuze 0.75 Maize 2.5 1.875 300 562.50 10.Nemareka Madhodha 1.75 Maize 2.5 4.375 300 1,312.50 11.Edmore Machaparara 1 Maize 2.5 2.5 300 750.00 12.Nomatter Muchaparara 1 Maize 2.5 2.5 300 750.00 13.Shelter Zvayi (Ms) 1 Maize 2.5 2.5 300 750.00 14.Joseph Gatsi .40 Maize 2.5 1.0 300 300.00 15.Unveryfied 1.75 Maize 2.2 4.375 300 1,312.00 16.Joel Mujuru .40 Maize 2.5 1.0 300 300.00 17.Ephraim Kudeza 1 Maize 2.5 2.5 300 750.00 18.Bute 0.40 Maize 2.5 1.0 300 300

19.Chikore 2 Maize 2.5 8 300 2 400.00 20.Medicine Kucheza 0.50 Maize 2.5 1.25 300 375.00 21.Faith Foya 0.40 Maize 2.5 1.0 300 300.00 22.Mandishona 2 Maize 2.5 8 300 2 400.00 23.Langton Kucheza 0.40 Maize 2.5 1.0 300 300.00 TOTAL 20, 937.00

5.3.2. Compensation for space taken up by towers Farmers whose land is dissected by the line together with those whose homesteads will be displaced constitute the directly affected stakeholders. As a policy, ZETDC always uses the local communities for way leave maintenance. In light of this, the Company will ensure that the directly affected stakeholders are given preference when it comes to contracts for way leave maintenance. As a way of compensating them, the 23 affected farmers will be given permanent contracts to maintain the way leave in their area. They will also be entitled to compensation for any damage to crops or compaction of arable land that may be caused directly by line construction works.

5.3.3. Displacement of people and their entitlements Table 6.2 below shows details of the three families to be physically displaced by the transmission line. These families will receive full compensation in line with local and international best practices.

Name Physical assets Estimated value 1 x 3 roomed brick under cement and Medicine Kucheza asbestos 6,005.00 2 x 1 round brick and cement under thatch, 1 well

1 x 2 roomed brick and cement under 4,500.00 Faith Foya asbestos 2 x1 round brick under thatch 1 x 2 roomed toilet

1 x 3 roomed house brick under 3, 150.00 Linah Machiwa asbestos 1 x kitchen

ZETDC will construct a modern home consisting of a three bedroomed main house, a 5m diameter kitchen, two squat hole toilet, and a well valued at approximately USD 40,000.

5.3.4. Identification and selection of resettlement sites, site preparation and relocation The three affected farmers whose current homesteads are within the way leave will not be relocated to sites that are far away from their present locations. The relocations merely entails moving away from the way leave but being within the same yard. Each of the farmers has already identified the new site for new homesteads.

5.3.5. Shelter, Infrastructure and Social Services The identified sites are within 15-30m of the present locations. Once funds for the project are released, new homesteads will be built at the proposed new sites. As a result of this, there will be no need for any additional infrastructure such as roads since the affected people will continue to use the current roads and other services including schools, water sources and clinics.

6. Grievance mechanism Grievances are inevitable in projects that disturbs people’s livelihoods and wellbeing. Sources of misunderstandings and conflicts arise from issues such as the determination of valuations, compensation eligibility criteria and actual compensation payments. Timely redress of such grievances is vital to the smooth and satisfactory implementation of the RAP. ZETDC has put in place procedures that allow affected people to lodge complaints or claims with the Project Implementation Team. It is the responsibility of the Project Implementation Team to ensure that all such grievances are resolved in a fair manner and within a reasonable period. ZETDC will ensure that grievances are resolved amicably and without taking a protracted course to the detriment of the project and the affected individuals. In view of this, grievances related to any aspect of the proposed project will be handled through negotiations with affected persons. The complaints received from PAPs can be verbal, or in writing. Any project team member that receives a complain notes the same in writing for further consideration and resolution. Once reported, a formal file for each grievance is opened and contains the following documents for ease of follow up and verification: - Description of the grievance - Location of the complainant on the project - Date the grievance received - Description of the resolution; and - Date the grievance was resolved

7. Implementation schedules 7.1.Institutional Responsibilities Planning, implementation and management of the RAP will be conducted by a range of project authorities, decision makers and Government Departments in consultation with the affected people and their local leaders.

7.1.1. Project Management and Execution ZETDC has within its structures appropriate personnel to execute and manage the project. The Company has specialists in environment and social issues, health and safety, financial and procurement issues related to the project. ZETDC has put in place the following project structure to implement the project and the RAP. (a) Steering Committee 1. The primary interface between the stakeholders in respect of the project;

2. Oversee the project preparation work; 3. Monitor the progress of the project against the project implementation plan 4. Provide overall guidance and direction to the project, ensuring project objectives are met within any identified constraints; 5. Ensure that project issues, including environmental, social, health and safety impacts are being monitored and managed in accordance with the monitoring Plan;

(b) Project Board 1. Develop the framework, conditions and timelines for the project, 2. Provide technical support during the development of the project and responsible for the overall planning, implementation and management of the project, 3. Resource administration and seeking guidance from the Steering Committee, 4. Receives and considers monthly technical, environmental, social, health and safety reports from project teams on the implementation of the project in accordance with the project schedule and monitoring plan, and reporting same to the Steering Committee, 5. Considers any disputes during project implementation, resolving such or and making recommendations to the Steering Committee in respect thereof, 6. Approve the End Project Report and ensure that any issues, lessons and risks are documented and passed on to the appropriate body.

(c) Project Manager 1. Manages all the day to day activities of the project and its components. 2. Coordinate the various project teams and their meetings. 3. Organizes meetings of project board and ensures that meeting minutes and reports of Project Board Meetings are produced and submitted to the Steering Committee, once they have been adopted by the Project Board. 4. Produces project progress reports and reports delays in the project developmental activities, operational, environmental, social, health and safety risks or potential risks to the respective project teams or the project, including recommendations on how to mitigate or resolve these, 5. The Project Manager shall be responsible for the preparation of a master schedule for all activities in agreement with all project stakeholders and ensuring compliance thereof, 6. Is responsible for coming up with the designs and specifications of the project. 7. Ensures that the project is delivered in conformity to quality standards and procedures, 8. Effectively manages all contractual issues 9. Make sure that the project is delivered within cost and time tolerance.

The Project Manager will be responsible for planning, implementation and ongoing management of all compensation issues on the project. He works closely with the Chief Environmental Planner (CEP) and the Social Expert who are responsible for consulting with the local community on compensation schedules. This includes the following activities:

(i) Ensuring compliance with agreed mitigation measures in the ESMP including contractor’s movement on the line, construction schedule and land access schedules. (ii) Ensuring that compensation requirements are met before commencement of construction. (iii) Liaising with communities and the contractor for and any grievance that may delay project implementation; and (iv) Implementing the relocation plan

(d) Project Consultants and Contractors In addition to the above resources, ZETDC shall procure the services of a Consultant to assist with project implementation. The Consultancy shall have within its ranks experts in the following fields: • Team leader – with project management experience in related projects • Transmission systems construction specialist • Financial specialist • Environmental specialist • Social specialist • Safety and health specialist • Procurement specialist

(e) Involvement of Non-Governmental Organizations and Local People In order to improve accountability and ensure that the compensation process for crops is undertaken fairly and transparently, an NGO called Christian Care has agreed terms with ZETDC to monitor the implementation of the Resettlement Action Plan. Christian Care has over the years provided food handouts to vulnerable members of the community and has structures to enable it to monitor activities affecting farming operations in the project area. The NGO will monitor the RAP implementation process and will ensure that farmers’ interests are protected. Figure 3.1 shows the project organogram.

7.2.RAP Implementation schedule The following has been suggested as a preliminary schedule. It is anticipated that the RAP process will take approximated 12 months to complete:

Activity Responsibilit Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont Mont y h 1 h 2 h 3 h 4 h 5 h 6 h 7 h 8 h 9 h 10 h 11 h 12

Disclosure and sign off

Disclose and PRIMECHA consult on RT draft RAP Establish PRIMECHA grievance RT mechanism Community PRIMECHA consultation RT and engagement Revise and PRIMECHA finalize RAP RT Household PRIMECHA level sign off RT Payment of PRIMECHA compensatio RT n Financial Client close

Physical infrastructure and relocation

Environment PRIMECHA al RT assessment Three-month Client/Prime window to chart complete harvest and move to new houses Construct Contractor foundations and other structures Clearance of Contractor resettlement sites Monitoring and evaluation

Undertake Project (CLO) monitoring of affected people (ongoing for three years) Undertake Third Party external (TBC) audits (periodic)

8. Costs and budget The anticipated cost of compensation for crop losses and relocation of three families from the way leave are summarized in the table 8.1 below Table 8.1 summary of the compensation budget Cost items Budget (USD) Compensation for crop damages 20,937 Monitoring and Evaluation 55,000 Construction of new homes for 120,000 three families (40,000/household) RAP Consultancy 80,000 Sub total 275,937 10% contingencies 27,5937 Grand Total 303,530

ZETDC will meet the costs associated with implementation of the RAP. Homesteads for the three affected families will be built well before line construction works begin. Work on the transmission line will begin only when the families have taken occupation of their new homes. Funds will be availed before commencement of construction works. 9. Monitoring and evaluation In order to verify whether or not the Relocation Plan has been implemented effectively and successfully, monitoring and evaluation is essential. The monitoring will provide feedback to project management to keep the relocation programme on schedule. The monitoring of a post- resettlement activity is critical to measure the impacts of the resettlement and if the proposed mitigation procedures were implemented. It allows developers and governmental authorities to follow best practice and to plan better in the event future resettlements occur. The following activities were proposed to implement monitoring of the RAP: 9.1.Performance Indicators Examples of Indicators that can be monitored for the Project related to performance are provided below: • Timely delivery of compensation • Speedy resolution of grievances • Available land access • Increase or decrease in household assets • Seamless transfer of livelihood • Livelihood improvements Indicators will be in the form of:

• Complete/not complete, present/not present, achieved/not achieved • Improvement, the same, worse off.

9.2.Reporting It will be critical to develop a monitoring report which will provide an overview of the following: • Integration of the community within the larger environment • Adjustment of the resettled community to the surrounding economic nodes and other social infrastructure • Adjustment of the vulnerable groups and support provided but social security governmental groups • Overall success of the resettlement • Compensation methods followed and delivery success of it • Lessons learnt

9.3.Internal monitoring ZETDC will provide the Project Implementation Team with the resources required to implement and monitor the RAP. The Project Implementation Team will maintain the initial baseline survey information to help in determining changes brought about by the project. The project staff will submit periodic (monthly) progress reports to management. The main objective of the progress reports will be to inform management on relocation progress and to capture any affected people that may have been left out during the initial asset survey. 9.4.External monitoring External monitoring will be undertaken by the Ministry of Lands and Rural Resettlement, the District Administrator, and AGRITEX. The Christian Care, an NGO operating in the project area has agreed to provide external monitoring service to the project so as to ensure that all affected parties get fair compensation. These organizations, alongside the Environmental Management Agency (EMA), will also play a pivotal role in monitoring the implementation of the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the project. The African Development Bank will be the other arm involved in external monitoring. Progress reports and the final documents will be submitted to them for the final audit. 9.5.Evaluation Internal evaluation of the implementation of the RAP shall be conducted to determine whether the objectives of the compensation process have been achieved and that all affected people have been fully and fairly compensated. 9.6.Post-Resettlement working groups and audits A Resettlement Group will be established to monitor the success of the resettlement and how quickly the resettled community integrated and adapted to the new environment.