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Die Sauzei-Zone (Mitteljura, Unter-Bajocium) Im Gebiet Des

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Die Sauzei-Zone (Mitteljura, Unter-Bajocium) Im Gebiet Des 37 Zitteliana 94 Die Sauzei-Zone (Mitteljura, Unter-Bajocium) n München, 31.12.2020 im Gebiet des Hohenzollern (Schwäbische Alb, n Manuscript: SW-Deutschland) received: 23.04.2019 Volker Dietze1*, Norbert Wannenmacher & Günter Schweigert2 revision: accepted, 10.09.2019 1Meraner Str. 41, 86720 Nördlingen, Deutschland available online, 17.11.2020 2Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Deutschland n ISSN 0373-9627 *Author for correspondence and reprint requests; E-mail: [email protected] n ISBN 978-3-946705-08-6 Zitteliana 94, 37–83. Zusammenfassung Die Sauzei-Zone im Gebiet der Zollernalb (SW-Deutschland) kann in drei Ammoniten-Faunenhorizonte gegliedert werden: (1) den dila- tus-Horizont an der Basis der Sauzei-Zone, (2) den hier neu aufgestellten quenstedti-Horizont und (3) den bislang der basalen Humphrie- sianum-Zone zugerechneten carinodiscus- [vormals ohmerti-] Horizont. Sonninia ohmerti Dietze et al., 2008 wird nun als jüngeres sub- jektives Synonym von S. carinodiscus (Quenstedt, 1886) betrachtet. Die Ammonitenfaunen dieser drei Horizonte mit zahlreichen aus Süddeutschland bisher unbekannten Taxa werden detailliert beschrieben. Die Schichtenfolge wird mit denjenigen anderer Fundorte in Süddeutschland, Südengland und Frankreich korreliert. Schlüsselwörter: Unter-Bajocium, Sauzei-Zone, Ammoniten, Biostratigraphie, Zollernalb, SW-Deutschland Abstract The Sauzei Zone in the area around the Hohenzollern Castle (Swabian Alb, SW Germany) is subdivided into three ammonite faunal horizons: (1) the dilatus horizon at base; (2) the herein newly established quenstedti horizon; and (3) the carinodiscus [formerly ohmerti] horizon, previously attributed to the Humphriesianum Zone. Sonninia ohmerti Dietze et al., 2008 is regarded now as a junior subjective sy- nonym of S. carinodiscus (Quenstedt, 1886). The ammonite faunas of these horizons yield numerous taxa previously not recorded for SW Germany and are described in detail. The stratigraphic succession is correlated with other sites in SW Germany, S England and France. Key words: Lower Bajocian, Sauzei Zone, ammonites, biostratigraphy, Zollernalb, SW Germany 1. Einleitung ser Korallenschicht hingegen bereits den „Braunjura δ“ (heute Gosheim-Formation/Ostreenkalk-Forma- Ammoniten und andere Fossilien aus der Sauzei- tion) beginnen. Rieber (1922) lieferte als Erster aus Zone (Unter-Bajocium) der Zollernalb wurden schon dem südwestlichen Teil der Zollernalb genauere von Oppel (1856–1858), Quenstedt (1856–1857, Informationen zu diesem Übergangsbereich von 1886–1887) und Engel (1908) beschrieben oder einer sandig-kalkigen in eine eisenoolithische Fazi- aufgelistet. Oppel (1856–1858) begründete die von es. Von ihm stammt die noch heute gebräuchliche ihm eingeführten Zonen des Ammonites sauzei (ur- Schichtbezeichnung „Unter-δ-Oolith“ für den ersten sprünglich als Subzone) und des A. humphriesia- eisenoolithischen Schichtabschnitt, der den silizi- nus auch anhand der Verhältnisse am Hohenzol- klastischen Blaukalk im Bereich der Zollernalb über- lern. Quenstedt (1886–1887) bildete einige typische lagert. Obwohl der „Unter-δ-Oolith“ weder in den Ammoniten aus der Sauzei-Zone der Zollernalb, vor Symbolschlüssel des LGRB (Landesamt für Geolo- allem vom Hohenzollern selbst, ab (vgl. Kapitel 5). gie, Rohstoffe und Bergbau, Baden-Württemberg) Schon zuvor hatten Quenstedt (1851, 1857) und noch in die digitale lithostratigraphische Datenbank sein Schüler Pfizenmayer (1853) eine Riffkorallen- „LithoLex“ Eingang gefunden hat, verwenden wir führende Gesteinsbank knapp oberhalb des Einset- hier diese informelle Schichtbezeichnung für den zens einer eisenoolithischen Fazies als „Korallen- Humphriesioolith der Zollernalb. Schmierer (1925, schicht“ bezeichnet und lithostratigraphisch noch unveränderter Nachdruck 1985; 1926) beschrieb dem „Braunjura γ“ (heute Wedelsandstein-Formati- lediglich kursorisch den Blaukalk vom „Stettener on) zugeschlagen. Später ließ Frank (1945) mit die- Wald“ und erwähnte wichtige Aufschlüsse aus der Zitteliana 94 38 Abbildung 1: Lage des Untersuchungsgebiets (grau unterlegt) mit den wichtigsten der in dieser Arbeit erwähnten Lokalitäten. „Blaukalkzone“ bei Streichen. Dietl (1978) vermute- 2. Material te unter Bezugnahme auf die Angaben von Rieber (1922), dass im Raum Hechingen die Sauzei-Zone Im Laufe der letzten 15 Jahre wurden mit großem noch bis in den Unter-δ-Oolith hinaufreiche. In Über- zeitlichem und körperlichem Aufwand mehrere Pro- sichtsliteratur wurde die Sauzei-Zone ungefähr mit file (Hechingen-Beuren im NE bis Balingen-Streichen dem Blaukalk gleichgesetzt (z.B. Geyer & Gwin- im SW) im Übergangsbereich Blaukalk (oberster ner 1984, 2011). Eine Profilserie der Braunjura γ/δ- Bereich der Wedelsandstein-Formation) – Unter-δ- Grenzschichten publizierten Dietl & Rieber (1980, Oolith (Gosheim-Formation) der Zollernalb unter- Abb. 2). Feinstratigraphische Aufnahmen einiger sucht und daraus Ammoniten horizontiert geborgen. weniger Aufschlüsse im Untersuchungsgebiet und Wegen der im unverwitterten Zustand außerordent- südwestlich davon verdanken wir Kiefer (1982, 1984) lichen Härte des Gesteins konnte im Regelfall nur der sowie Kiefer & Schweizer (1986). Die erste biostra- vorderste, der Verwitterung ausgesetzte Bereich des tigraphische Feingliederung eines Aufschlusses auf Profils bis maximal etwa einen Meter in den Hang der Zollernalb (Balingen-Streichen) mit Faunenho- hinein abgegraben werden. Diese Ammonitenfunde rizonten stammt von Dietze et al. (2008). Diese lie- sowie einige wenige zusätzliche, uns von Sammlern ßen die Humphriesianum-Zone (Pinguis-Subzone) überlassene Stücke sind Grundlage dieser Arbeit. aus historischen Gründen mit dem ohmerti-Horizont Sämtliche abgebildeten und im Text erwähnten Am- (jetzt als carinodiscus-Horizont bezeichnet) begin- moniten sind, mit Ausnahme des auf Taf. 17, Fig. 2 nen, welcher hier nun der Sauzei-Zone zugerech- abgebildeten Stücks, in der Sammlung des Staat- net wird. Trotz dieser vielen Vorarbeiten blieben die lichen Museums für Naturkunde Stuttgart (SMNS) Informationen über die Sauzei-Zone im Gebiet der hinterlegt. Zollernalb in feinstratigraphischer Hinsicht rudimen- tär. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist eine präzise Dokumentation Abkürzungen: dieses Abschnitts und seine biostratigraphische In- terpretation. Fundorte: Ho-P = Hohenzollern – Beim Pumphaus, Ho-AS = Hohenzollern – Alter Steinbruch, Th-StW = 39 Zitteliana 94 Abbildung 2: Profile der untersuchten Aufschlüsse der Zollernalb. Die untere Verbindungslinie markiert die Grenze zwischen dem Oberen Blaukalk (Wedelsandstein-Formation) und dem Unter-δ-Oolith (Gosheim-Formation). Die obere Verbindungslinie markiert die Oberkante des Schichtkomplexes UO-1 (unterhalb der ersten oolithischen Tonmergellage). Abkürzungen: Ob. Blaukalk = Oberer Blaukalk; Wedels.-Form. = Wedelsandstein-Formation. Thanheim – Stich Wald; Th-StB = Thanheim – Stich Tonstein (ca. 2,5 m) und abschließend Bach; Th-So = Thanheim – Sommerstaigweg; Th- Oberer Blaukalk (= OBK; ca. 0,4–1,0 m). Ledig- Au I, II, IV = Thanheim – Aubenstall I, II, IV; Th-Hö = lich in einer im Top des Oberen Blaukalks liegenden, Thanheim – Höhberg; Ba-Str = Balingen-Streichen. zentimeterdünnen sandigen Schicht finden sich Typen: HT = Holotypus, LT = Lectotypus, ST = häufiger Ammoniten, die jedoch meistens deformiert Syntypus. oder unvollständig erhalten sind. Dimorphismus: [M] = Makroconch; [m] = Mikroconch. Gosheim-Formation: Die Schichtfolge der Gosheim-Formation im Un- 3. Beschreibung der Profile tersuchungsgebiet wird seit Rieber (1922) als Unter- δ-Oolith (= UO) bezeichnet. Seine Mächtigkeit 3.1 Einleitende Bemerkungen beträgt im Gebiet des Hohenzollerns im Regelfall 1,2–1,4 m. Er setzt über dem Oberen Blaukalk stets Obwohl der Obere Blaukalk und der unmittelbar mit einer meist 0,6–0,8 m (minimal 0,45 m, maximal aufliegende Unter-δ-Oolith (informelle Schichtbe- 0,9 m) mächtigen Bankfolge (= UO-1) ein, die nach zeichnung für den Humphriesioolith der Zollernalb) oben zu immer stärker eisenoolithisch wird und in im Untersuchungsgebiet durchgehend vorhanden die in wechselnden Niveaus – wie im Übrigen auch sind, gibt es doch nur recht wenige, im Regelfall schon im Oberen Blaukalk – Anreicherungen von En- sehr kleinräumige Aufschlüsse, in denen Untersu- tolium corneolum (Young & Bird), vgl. Johnson 1984 chungen möglich sind. Es handelt sich um natürliche [vormals: Pecten spathulatus Roemer → Fazies der Aufschlüsse im Wald oder in Wasserrissen, bei de- „Spathulatus-Bank“] eingeschaltet sind. Lediglich im nen die Schichten als schmale Felsnasen vorragen. stärker eisenoolithischen oberen Drittel der Schicht Ganz überwiegend ist der hier untersuchte Schicht- UO-1 fehlt diese Fazies der „Spathulatus-Bank“. abschnitt jedoch verrutscht oder unzugänglich un- Darüber liegt eine Wechselfolge von eisenoolithi- ter mächtigem Hangschutt verborgen. Die nach- schen Mergelkalk- und Kalkmergelbänken (UO-2). folgenden Schichtbeschreibungen erfolgen jeweils Prinzipiell lässt sich der Unter-δ-Oolith in allen un- vom Liegenden zum Hangenden. Die Zollernalb liegt tersuchten Aufschlüssen in sechs Abschnitte unter- im Übergangsbereich der Ostreenkalk-Formation im gliedern (Schichten UO-1a bis UO-1e sowie Schicht NE mit der Gosheim-Formation im SW. UO-2), die jedoch schon im Dezimeterbereich unter- Die lithostratigraphische Abfolge ist in allen be- schiedlich mächtig und faziell unterschiedlich aus- schriebenen Aufschlüssen prinzipiell dieselbe: gebildet sein können. Diese kleinsträumigen faziellen Unterschiede zwischen und innerhalb
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