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International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) CHEMISTRY International The News Magazine of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) CHEMISTRY International March-April 2006 Volume 28 No. 2 Art and Science Looking in the Same Direction From the Editor CHEMISTRY International ust a few tantalizing words were enough to catch my atten- The News Magazine of the tion. In a conference report published in CI, January 2005, Prof. International Union of Pure and JHeinz Gamsjäger wrote that participants of the 11th International Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Symposium on Solubility Phenomena (ISSP) enjoyed an art exhibit called www.iupac.org/publications/ci “Solubility: Art and Science” at the University of Aveiro in Portugal. The exhibit featured the works of invited artists, art Managing Editor: Fabienne Meyers teachers, and postgraduate students from the Production Editor: Chris Brouwer, university, and was held simultaneously during CB Communications the conference in July 2004. What a tease, I Design: Purple Zante, Inc. thought, to mention the exhibit without show- ing any of the works of art. I immediately con- All correspondence to be addressed to: tacted the conference organizers and asked Fabienne Meyers them how we could use CI to expand the reach IUPAC, c/o Department of Chemistry of the exhibit to all IUPAC members. After all, bridging the worlds of art Boston University and science seems possible, and more so for a conference series whose Metcalf Center for Science and Engineering motto is “Similia similibus solvuntur” (“Like dissolves like”). I was quickly 590 Commonwealth Ave. rewarded by my inquiry and received the exhibit catalogue and a CD pre- Boston, MA 02215, USA senting various pieces exhibited in Aveiro. At first glance, I was convinced that one way or another, this fascinating exhibit should be shared with E-mail: [email protected] you, and this issue has finally come. See pages 4-8. Phone: +1 617 358 0410 The exhibit showed various painting techniques and different Fax: +1 617 353 6466 approaches to working with soluble materials. “Like dissolves like” is Printed by: probably one of the most important and basic rules of chemistry that Cadmus Professional Communications, painters have to learn. Perhaps more than scientific insight, artists’ intu- Easton, MD USA ition leads them to work with and apply that rule, and the results pre- sented to us are simply delightful to enjoy. Subscriptions In addition to reproducing a few original pieces displayed at the Six issues of Chemistry International (ISSN 0193- exhibit, authors Maria Clara F. Magalhães (professor at the Department of 6484) will be published bimonthly in 2006 (one Chemistry and organizer of the 11th ISSP) and Rosa Maria Oliveira (profes- volume per annum) in January, March, May, July, sor at the Department of Communication and Art and coordinator of the September, and November. The 2006 subscrip- exhibit) present reflections on what art and chemistry have in common. tion rate is USD 99.00 for organizations and USD They also discuss mutual sources of inspiration in creating new art forms 45.00 for individuals. Subscription orders may be and other innovations. placed directly with the IUPAC Secretariat. Affiliate As Prof. Oliveira wrote in the catalogue introduction, “Throughout history Members receive CI as part of their Membership there are few moments when artists and scientists have worked together; subscription, and Members of IUPAC bodies receive however, there are many points where they converge in their creativity.” If CI free of charge. conferences could more regularly be the occasion for such convergence, they could facilitate interaction and foster communication between scien- Reproduction of Articles tists and artists, thereby sparking creative minds in both worlds. Unless there is a footnote to the contrary, repro- duction or translation of articles in this issue is Fabienne Meyers encouraged, provided that it is accompanied [email protected] by a reference to the original in Chemistry www.iupac.org/publications/ci International. Periodicals postage paid at Durham, NC 27709-9990 and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Chemistry International, IUPAC Secretariat, PO Box 13757, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3757, USA. Cover composition by Linda Graham, Purple Zante, Inc. The collage is made of paintings, drawings, serigraphs, and holographs presented ISSN 0193-6484 at the exhibit Solubility: Art and Science, Aveira, Portugal, July 2004. Contents CHEMISTRY International March-April 2006 Volume 28 No. 2 Secretary General's Column 2 Features Art and Science: Looking in the Same Direction 4 by Maria Clara F. Magalhães and Rosa Maria Oliveira Frontier Science in the Middle East by John M. Malin 9 GreenFacts: Communicating Science Information Clearly 12 by Manuel Carmona Yebra Up for Discussion Can Ambiguous Terminology Cause a Barrier to Trade? 15 letter by William Horwitz, reply by Paul De Bièvre What Is Butadiene? by Karl-Heinz Hellwich 17 IUPAC Wire Alexandra Navrotsky Awarded the 2006 Rossini Lecture 18 The Year of... 19 Safety Training Program — Call for Applicants 20 ACD/Labs’ Free Naming Software Service Generates 200 000 IUPAC Names via the Web 21 Chmoogle Search Engine Integrates ChemSketch 21 In Memorium — Dale B. Baker 22 The Project Place Chemical Education: Responsible Stewardship 23 Young Ambassadors for Chemistry 25 Microstructure and Properties of Thermotropic Liquid- Crystalline Polymer Blends and Composites 28 Validation of Qualitative and Semi-Quantitative (Screening) Methods by Collaborative Trial 29 Calibration of Organic and Inorganic Oxygen-Bearing Isotopic Reference Materials 29 Provisional Recommendations Explanatory Dictionary of Key Terms in Toxicology 30 Glossary of Terms Relating to Pesticides 30 Nomenclature for Rotaxanes 31 Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry 31 Glossary of Terms Used in Photochemistry 31 Making an imPACt Nonspecific Sensor Arrays (“electronic tongue”) for Chemical Analysis of Liquids 32 Atomic Force Microscopy and Direct Surface Force Measurements 32 Supramolecular Assemblies With DNA 33 Conference Call Macromolecule-Metal Complexes by Francesco Ciardelli and Giacomo Ruggeri 34 Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Analysis by Vladimir Zaitsev 34 Novel Materials and Synthesis by Yuping Wu 35 Polymers for Africa by Dhanjay Jhurry 36 Carotenoids by George Britton 38 Where 2B & Y 39 Mark Your Calendar 43 Secretary General’s Column Encouraging (ANAO). But despite the very few restrictions on participation, almost all projects are initiated through Involvement the various Divisions and Standing Committees, and it continues to be difficult to encourage chemists Among Chemists not previously involved in IUPAC work to participate. Attempts are made at some IUPAC conferences to by David StC. Black generate enthusiasm among wider audiences, but success has so far been limited. ince its inception in Another way to increase participation in IUPAC is 1919, IUPAC has under- through the Affiliate Membership Program (AMP), S gone constant change which was launched in 1986 with the express purpose in order to maintain and of encouraging involvement among chemists through- increase its relevance to the out the world. A second aim of AMP was to dissemi- international chemistry com- nate information about IUPAC activities to a much munity. It has achieved an wider audience. Affiliate membership provides some excellent reputation for its quite tangible benefits. Members receive bimonthly efforts related to the detailed copies of Chemistry International (CI), which pro- infrastructure of the world of vides information about IUPAC programs and their chemistry through its work in operation, general news about developments in inter- nomenclature, symbols, ter- national chemistry, and discussion articles on contem- minology, and standards and through its sponsorship porary issues in science. A diary of IUPAC-sponsored of various conferences and publications. These activi- conferences is also regularly included, as are interest- ties remain at the core of IUPAC’s mission, and they ing reports presented at these conferences. Readers rely on the voluntary work of many scientists who are of CI are also kept up to date on current projects and experts in their respective fields. Indeed, the current on provisional recommendations or draft technical project system involves the efforts of approximately reports seeking general comment prior to approval. 1 000 expert chemists drawn from the entire inter- One of the most important characteristics of CI is national arena. Although the value and importance that it is a magazine for and by members, and their of the outcomes of the projects and related activi- opinions, suggestions, letters, and articles are always ties are understood and valued by chemists directly welcome. Certainly CI has become a much more inter- involved in IUPAC work, they are not always appreci- esting, inclusive, and attractive publication in recent ated by the wider chemistry community. In today’s years. Although individual copies can routinely be climate, in which the general community, especially in found in the satchels of IUPAC conference attendees, Western countries, does not seem to hold chemistry a regular subscription is highly desirable. A year’s sub- in as high regard as it once did, it is incumbent upon scription to CI is also provided as part of the IUPAC IUPAC to publicize the benefits of chemistry to our Poster Prizes. CI is used as a mechanism for publicity, quality of life—and the centrality of chemistry
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