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INTELLECTUAL HISTORY of TAMIL NADU Author Dr ALAGAPPA UNIVERSITY [Accredited with ‘A+’ Grade by NAAC (CGPA:3.64) in the Third Cycle and Graded as Category–I University by MHRD-UGC] (A State University Established by the Government of Tamil Nadu) KARAIKUDI – 630 003 Directorate of Distance Education MA [History] IV - Semester 321 42 INTELLECTUAL HISTORY OF TAMIL NADU Author Dr. AR. SARAVANAKUMAR, M.A., (His.), M.Sc., (Psy)., M.Sc.,(Zoo)., M.A. (Eng.), M.Ed, M.Phil., Ph.D., PGDPM&IR., UGC NET., Head i/c., Department of History, Karaikudi - 630 003 Tamil Nadu SYLLABI-BOOK MAPPING TABLE Intellectual History of Tamil Nadu Syllabi Mapping in Book BLOCK I: SANGAM LITERATURE AND ITS GROWTH Unit - 1 Intellectuals of Sangam Age: Sangam Literature-Sangam Poets Unit 1: Intellectuals of Sangam Unit - 2 Thiruvalluvar-Avvaiyar-Tholkappiyar Age: Sangam Literature-Sangam Unit - 3 Elango Adigal-Social and Political Thoughts Poets (Pages 2-12); Unit - 4 Revival of Tamil language and literature-Pure Tamil Movement- Unit 2: Thiruvalluvar-Avvaiyar- Maraimalai Adigal-Thiru.Vi.Ka. Tholkappiyar (Pages 13-23); Unit 3: Elango Adigal-Social and Political Thoughts (Pages 24-30); Unit 4: Revival of Tamil Language and Literature-Pure Tamil Movement-Maraimalai Adigal-Thiru.Vi.Ka. (Pages 31-43) BLOCK II: SOCIO- RELIGIOUS THOUGHTS OF TAMIL INTELLECTUALS Unit - 5 Sundaram Pillai-Anti-Hindi Agitation-World Tamil Conferences Unit - 6 Socio-Religious Thoughts of Tamil Intellectuals-Vaikunda Unit 5: Sundaram Pillai-Anti-Hindi Swamigal- Vallalar Agitation-World Tamil Unit - 7 Ayothidasa Pandithar-Sahajananda-Muthulakshmi Reddy Conferences Unit - 8 Bharathiyar-Bharathidasan (Pages 44-56); Unit 6: Socio-Religious Thoughts of Tamil Intellectuals- Vaikunda Swamigal-Vallalar (Pages 57-69); Unit 7: Ayothidasa Pandithar- Sahajananda-Muthulakshmi Reddy (Pages 70-84); Unit 8: Bharathiyar-Bharathidasan (Pages 85-94) BLOCK III: RELIGIOUS SAINTS AND ITS IMPORTANCE Unit - 9 Religious Saints and their Intellectual contributions-Alwars and Unit 9: Religious Saints and their Nayanmars Intellectual contributions-Alwars Unit - 10 Thirumular-Ramanuja-Veeramamunivar and Nayanmars Unit - 11 Caldwell-G.U. Pope-Robert-De-Nobili (Pages 95-111); Unit 10: Thirumular-Ramanuja- Veeramamunivar (Pages 112-125); Unit 11: Caldwell-G.U.Pope- Robert-De-Nobili (Pages 126-138) BLOCK IV: NON- BRAHMIN MOVEMENT AND LEADERS Unit 12: Non-Brahmin PARTICIPATION Movement-Causes-Justice Party- Unit - 12 Non-Brahmin Movement-Causes-Justice Party-Dravidian Dravidian Movement Movement (Pages 139-155); Unit - 13 T.M.Nair-C.Natesa Mudaliar- P.Thiyagaraya Chetti-Periyar Unit 13: T.M.Nair-C.Natesa E.V.R.- A.T.Pannerselvam Mudaliar-P.Thiyagaraya Chetti- Unit - 14 Ramasamy Mudaliar-Raja of Bobbili and Panagal-Soundara Periyar E.V.R.-A.T. Pannerselvam Pandian-Annamalai Chettiar (Pages 156-169); Unit 14: Ramasamy Mudaliar- Raja of Bobbili and Panagal- Soundara Pandian-Annamalai Chettiar (Pages 170-180) CONTENTS INTRODUCTION BLOCK I: SANGAM LITERATURE AND ITS GROWTH UNIT 1 INTELLECTUALS OF SANGAM AGE: SANGAM LITERATURE- SANGAM POETS 2-12 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Objectives 1.2 Intellectuals of Sangam Age 1.3 Sangam Literature 1.4 Eight Antholigies 1.5 Ten Idylls 1.6 Sangam Poets 1.7 Answers to check your progress questions 1.8 Summary 1.9 Key words 1.10 Self Assessment Questions 1.11 Further Readings UNIT 2 THIRUVALLUVAR- AVVAIYAR- THOLKAPPIYAR 13-23 2.0 Introduction 2.1 Objectives 2.2 Thiruvalluvar 2.3 Avvaiyar 2.4 Tholkappiyar 2.5 Answers to check your progress questions 2.6 Summary 2.7 Key words 2.8 Self Assessment Questions 2.9 Further Readings UNIT 3 ELANGO ADIGAL- SOCIAL AND POLITICAL THOUGHTS 24-30 3.0 Introduction 3.1 Objectives 3.2 Conversion of Elango Adigal 3.3 His Religion 3.4 Social and Political Thoughts 3.5 Answers to check your progress questions 3.6 Summary 3.7 Key words 3.8 Self Assessment Questions 3.9 Further Readings UNIT 4 REVIVAL OF TAMIL LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE-PURE TAMIL MOVEMENT-MARAIMALAI ADIGAL- THIRU.VI.KA. 31-43 4.0 Introduction 4.1 Objectives 4.2 Revival of Tamil language and Literature 4.3 Pure Tamil movement 4.4 Maraimalai Adigal 4.5 Thiru Vi.Ka. 4.6 Answers to check your progress questions 4.7 Summary 4.8 Key words 4.9 Self Assessment Questions 4.10 Further Readings BLOCK II: SOCIO- RELIGIOUS THOUGHTS OF TAMIL INTELLECTUALS UNIT 5 SUNDARAM PILLAI-ANTI-HINDI AGITATION-WORLD TAMIL CONFERENCES 44-56 5.0 Introduction 5.1 Objectives 5.2 Sundaram Pillai 5.3 Manonmaniyam 5.4 Anti-Hindi agitation 5.5 World Tamil conferences 5.6 Answers to check your progress questions 5.7 Summary 5.8 Key words 5.9 Self Assessment Questions 5.10 Further Readings UNIT 6 SOCIO-RELIGIOUS THOUGHTS OF TAMIL INTELLECTUALS- VAIKUNDA SWAMIGAL-VALLALAR 57-69 6.0 Introduction 6.1 Objectives 6.2 Soicio-Religious Thoughts of Tamil Intellectuals 6.3 Vaikunda Swamigal 6.4 Vallalar 6.5 Answers to check your progress questions 6.6 Summary 6.7 Key words 6.8 Self Assessment Questions 6.9 Further Readings UNIT 7 AYOTHIDASA PANDITHAR- SAHAJANANDA- MUTHULAKSHMI REDDY 70-84 7.0 Introduction 7.1 Objectives 7.2 Ayothidas Pandithar 7.3 Sahajananda 7.4 Muthulakshmi Reddy 7.5 Answers to check your progress questions 7.6 Summary 7.7 Key words 7.8 Self Assessment Questions 7.9 Further Readings UNIT 8 BHARATHIYAR- BHARATHIDASAN 85-94 8.0 Introduction 8.1 Objectives 8.2 Bharathiyar 8.3 Role in Freedom Movement 8.4 Bharathidasan 8.5 Answers to check your progress questions 8.6 Summary 8.7 Key words 8.8 Self Assessment Questions 8.9 Further Readings BLOCK III: RELIGIOUS SAINTS AND ITS IMPORTANCE UNIT 9 RELIGIOUS SAINTS AND THEIR INTELLECTUAL CONTRIBUTIONS- ALWARS AND NAYANMARS 95-111 9.0 Introduction 9.1 Objectives 9.2 Religious Saints and their Intellectual contribution 9.3 Alwars 9.4 Nalayira Divya Prapantham 9.5 Nayanmars 9.6 Answers to check your progress questions 9.7 Summary 9.8 Key words 9.9 Self Assessment Questions 9.10 Further Readings UNIT 10 THIRUMULAR- RAMANUJA- VEERAMAMUNIVAR 112-125 10.0 Introduction 10.1 Objectives 10.2 Thirumular 10.3 Ramanuja 10.4 Veeramamunivar 10.5 Answers to check your progress questions 10.6 Summary 10.7 Key words 10.8 Self Assessment Questions 10.9 Further Readings UNIT 11 CALDWELL-G.U.POPE-ROBERT-DE-NOBILI 126-138 11.0 Introduction 11.1 Objectives 11.2 Caldwell 11.3 G.U.Pope 11.4 Robert-De-Nobili 11.5 Answers to check your progress questions 11.6 Summary 11.7 Key words 11.8 Self Assessment Questions 11.9 Further Readings BLOCK IV: NON- BRAHMIN MOVEMENT AND LEADERS PARTICIPATION UNIT 12 NON-BRAHMIN MOVEMENT-CAUSES- JUSTICE PARTY-DRAVIDIAN MOVEMENT 139-155 12.0 Introduction 12.1 Objectives 12.2 Non-Brahmin movement 12.3 Causes 12.4 Justice Party 12.5 Dravidian movement 12.6 Answers to check your progress questions 12.7 Summary 12.8 Key words 12.9 Self Assessment Questions 12.10 Further Readings UNIT 13 T.M.NAIR-C.NATESA MUDALIAR- P.THIYAGARAYA CHETTI- PERIYAR E.V.R.-A.T.PANNERSELVAM 156-169 13.0 Introduction 13.1 Objectives 13.2 T.M.Nair 13.3 C.Natesa Mudaliar 13.4 P.Thiyagaraya Chetti 13.5 Periyar E.V.R. 13.6 A.T.Panneerselvam 13.7 Answers to check your progress questions 13.8 Summary 13.9 Key words 13.10 Self Assessment Questions 13.11 Further Readings UNIT 14 RAMASAMY MUDALIAR- RAJA OF BOBBILI AND PANAGAL- SOUNDARA PANDIAN-ANNAMALAI CHETTIAR 170-180 14.0 Introduction 14.1 Objectives 14.2 Ramasamy Mudaliar 14.3 Raja of Bobbili 14.4 Raja of Panagal 14.5 Soundara Pandian 14.6 Annamalai Chettiar 14.7 Answers to check your progress questions 14.8 Summary 14.9 Key words 14.10 Self Assessment Questions 14.11 Further Readings MODEL QUESTION PAPER 181-182 EKd^ ! 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