TH£ El Salvador: progress toward FMLN unity . . 6 Protest FBI raid of Puerto Rico ...... 8,14 Struggle against Marcos rule in Philippines . 11

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF WORKING PEOPLE VOL. 49/NO. 37 SEPTEMBER 27, 1985 75 CENTS S. Africa: clergy N.Y. unions Nicaragua join Oct. 11 drives out call Oct. 9 strike prorest Honduran

BY RASHAAD ALI NEW YORK - "When I heard that a invaders group of white South African busine~smen BY CINDY JAQUITH was going to Zambia to meet with the MANAGUA. Nicaragua- The Hondu­ exiles. or 'terrorists.· ~1s Botha and Reagan ran Air Force invaded Nicaraguan territory call the African National Congress. I knew September 13 , attacking positions of the victory is at hand." Sandinista People's Army. This marked a That's what Cleveland Robinson . secre­ serious escalation of the war being or­ tary-treasurer of District 65 of the United ganized by Washington to overthrow the Auto Workers. told more than 60 anti­ Nicaraguan revolution. apartheid activists meeting here September The night of September 13 . Nicaraguan 17.at the union's headquarters. President Daniel Ortega reported details of Robinson was the prime mover in the the attack: tremendously successful August 13 anti­ On the morning of September 13, some apartheid demonstration of 30.000 people 800 mercenaries - armed and organized in New York City. A majority of those by the CIA and based in camps in Hon- marchers were trade unionists. Based on the success of that action. the meeting voted to form the New York Anti­ apartheid Coordinating Council. There was a signifi<;:ant union presence at the meeting. It included unionists from the Central Labor Council; District 65: United Federation of Teachers; American Federation of State, County and Municipal Thousands of Muslims marching in funeral procession in Cape Town for one victim Employees; International Ladies' Garment of racist terror. Workers' Union; and Hispanic Committee Of the Coalition of Labor Union Women. In addition there were representatives of BY FRED FELDMAN The regime is also cracking down on the African National Congress, National Bishop Desmond Tutu and 12 other re­ news coverage. . Black United Front, Peace Council, vari­ ligious figures - Black and white- have Newsweek reporter Ray Wilkinson was ous other peace and community organiza­ called a one-day strike throughout South expelled from South Africa September 12. tions, and students from Columbia and Africa to be held October 9. The demands The Citizen, a progovernment newspaper, Hunter colleges. include an end to the state of emergency warned: "We hope the Newsweek writer's The newly formed council voted to sup­ imposed by the apartheid regime July 21, expulsion will be a warning to those for­ port a citywide march and rally on October withdrawal of police and troops from Black eign media people who have been painting II - the National Anti-apartheid Protest townships, and the release ofpolitical pris­ a biased picture of South Africa that they Day and International Solidarity Day for oners. should tread carefully." Southern African Political Prisoners. Ac­ The strike call, which is forbidden under On September I I President Pieter Botha tivities will be held on a number of cam­ the state of emergency, was made in adver­ offered to "negotiate" the restoration of puses in the city. At 5:30p.m. a rally will tisements in the Johannesburg Sunday South African citizenship to residents of be held at Citicorp's headquarters. newspapers. Signers of the advertisements four supposedly independent African Citibank is one of the largest private len­ included Anglican Archbishop Philip Rus­ "homelands." Millions of Africans were ders to South Africa. Following the rally, sell of Cape Town and Methodist leader stripped of South African citizenship when at 7 p.m., protesters will march to the Peter Storey, who are white. · the so-called homelands were proclaimed South African consulate. The strike challenges escalating repres­ independent. Tanaquil Jones, a leader of last spring's sion by the government. More than 700 The negotiations are to be held with the anti-apartheid protests at Columbia Uni­ "homeland" governments, which were versity, reported on upcoming actions by Militant/Michael Baumann Blacks have been killed as the apartheid re­ Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega gime has tried to put down the antiracist re­ handpicked by the apartheid regime to re­ students. On October 7 at 2 p.m. , a protest volt. press the Africans who are confined there. will be organized at Low Library while the Botha's aides said that these "citizens" trustees meet to discuss a proposal to have duras- attempted to infiltrate Nicaragua's Winnie Mandela, a leader of the out­ would have no right to vote in South Af­ Columbia divest from businesses that have lawed African National Congress and the northern Nueva Segovia province near the rica. The "homelands" are desolate re­ investments in South Africa. We will "let town of Boca de Poteca. wife of imprisoned ANC leader Nelson serves, where millions of Blacks are forced them know that our protest will not go Mandela, has reportedly been placed under Troops of the Sandinista People's Army to live when they are not employed by a away," she said. and helicopter units proceeded to drive out house arrest in Soweto. Security forces sur­ white boss elsewhere in South Africa. She also explained their plans for actions rounded her home , the September 23 issue the invaders. The battle lasted for several Under this setup, 86.3 percent of South Af­ on October I I and plans for an October 12 hours. of Newsweek reported. ·'When journalists rica's land is reserved for whites, while forum titled "Boycott South Africa not tried to interview her, the police removed At 2:41p.m., F-86 combat planes of the 13.7 percent is reserved for Africans. Afri­ Nicaragua." Honduran Air Force; made in the United four of them and took away the key to her cans make up the majority of the oppressed Also announced at the meeting was a front door. " States, flew into Nicaraguan territory. Black population in South Africa. "War Against Apartheid" conference set They fired on the Sandinistas, hitting one Seven hundred schoolchildren were ar­ Continued on Page 5 Continued on Page 4 rested in Soweto for organizing a boycott of their helicopters but not downing it. The of classes. Nicaraguans forced the jets back into Hon­ duran territory. In Atteridgeville, near the capital city of A few minutes before the air attack, at Pretoria, police gunned down a four-year­ YSA leaders begin tours to 2:30p.m., mercenaries who had hijacked a ·old girl as they drove past her house. Nicaraguan civilian airplane landed at the In Cape Town. thousands of students, Honduran airport of Toncontin. The four teachers, and parents marched on two build anti-apartheid protests_ hijackers were given a heroes' welcome dozen schools in an effort to reopen them. and immediately placed on radio and tele­ The schools, part of the segregated school BY MARK CURTIS Floyd will tour several cities in the Mid­ vision . system for Coloured children, were among NEW YORK - Leaders of the Young west and will be in Chicago for a major At 4:20 that same afternoon, at Nicara­ 460 shut down on September 6. The gov- · Socialist Alliance begin national tours this anti-apartheid demonstration October 12 . gua's sot.~thern border, CIA-trained mer­ ernment charged that they were organizing month, speaking out against U.S . support cenaries launched a mortar attack from The YSA has made building the anti­ centers for the anti-apartheid movement. to the apartheid system in South Africa, Costa Rica on the Nicaraguan border post apartheid movement its top priority. YSA In Athlone, 173 people were arrested for and inviting young people to join their or­ at Pefias Blancas. members are active in their unions, on participating in the attempt to reopen ganization. campuses, in Black and women's rights or­ These attacks were carried out, Ortega schools. Police surroundecl the demonstra­ A key purpose of the tours is to help rally said, "with the objective of provoking a ganizations, and in Central America sol­ tors with armored cars, firing rubber bul­ young people behind the wave of demon­ confrontation among Central American . idarity committees helping to organize a lets and tear gas at them . strations, vigils, pickets, and sit-ins against governments that could bring the U.S. gov­ broad movement for a free South Africa. The United Democratic Front, a coali­ apartheid. ernment in with its troops, supposedly in tion of 600 anti-apartheid groups with a "We're encouraging everyone to join in YSA National Cochairperson Laura support of some of these governments. total of 2 million members, said the cops' the protests against U.S. ties to apartheid Garza, who was a staff organizer for the Through this maneuver, the United States brutality would not "deter people in their and to aid the Black majority's struggle for April 20 demonstrations for Jobs, Peace could find a way to launch a direct action, determination to reopen the schools." a free and democratic South Africa," ex­ and Justice in Washington D.C., goes on with the goal of destroying the Sandinista The apartheid government announced plains Jackie Floyd, national cochairperson tour later this month. People's Revolution." that the schools might reopen October I . of the YSA. Continued on Page 4 Continued on Page 7 N. Calif. socialists push sales at oil refineries

BY SAM MANUEL will be to get out the truth about portant stl)Jggles by workers. Two The workers there are members of tion to organizing the production SAN FRANCISCO -Twenty­ the fight to overthrow the racist years ago Local 1-326 struck for Local I 00 of the United Transpor­ workers there, also organizes the four copies of the Militant along South Africa apartheid regime. eight weeks in a successful effort tation Union. They had been hit office workers in a separate local with one subscription were sold And get out the truth about the to prevent the company from im­ recently with a large layoff. of the union . Over the last month here at plant gates. This successful dirty war financed and organized posing a two-tier wage system. T\\10 others were sold at the the company has attempted to de­ effort helped to launch the fall by the U.S. government against One worker was killed during the Food Manufacturing Corp. certify this local. · strike when he was run down by a (FMC), which makes paints and One woman office worker scab truck driver. Last spring the armored personnel carriers for the going into the plant wore two large SELLING OUR PRESS local hosted a Black South African military. The union there, Local union buttons. She bought a sub­ trade unionist who, in an act of 562 of the International Associa­ scription to the Militant. solidarity, placed a wreath at the tion of Machinists (lAM), is sup­ Socialist workers in the Bay AT THE PLANT GATE grave of the slain oil worker. porting a tour in the Bay Area of Area will be aiming to sell 3,600 Another five were sold at the Tozamile Botha, a Black South single copies of the Militant and campaign to increase the distribu­ the people of Nicaragua. Richmond Chevron refinery , the African trade unionist and leader Perspectiva Mundial , along with tion of the revolutionary press, the Nine of the copies were sold at largest in the area. Workers at of the South African Congress of !50 subscriptions during the I 0- Militant and Perspectiva Mundial. the Union Oil refinery in nearby both refineries were very receptive Trade Unions. week drive. Selling to workers in In addition to reporting on the Rodeo, which is organized by Oil, to the coverage on South Africa Another three single copies and the garment, aerospace, oil refin­ struggles of working people in this Chemical and Atomic Workers and therecent OCA W convention. one subscription were sold to ing, auto industries, and other country and around the world, a (OCA W) Local 1-326. The refin­ Five more were sold to workers workers at the Sunnydale Westin­ workplaces will be an important major focus of the sales campaign ery has been the scene of some im- at the Southern Pacific rail yard. ghouse plant. The lAM, in addi- component of this effort. Shiite militia attacks Palestinians in Lebanon BY GEORGE KAPLAN camp with mortars as well as firing recoil­ Brajinah and the Sabra and Shatila camps. maintained that he had been taken by Amal The Palestinian people and the Palestine less rifles mounted on jeeps. Hundreds of Palestinians were gunned gunmen." Liberation Organization (PLO) have again In one incident, as many as 17 Palestin­ down, often after being captured by the at­ Five Palestinians, described in the media come under attack in Lebanon. Units of the ian civilians were murdered. Amal claimed tackers. The Sabra and Shatila camps were as supporters of Arafat, have been mur­ Amal Militia have attempted to seize Burj the killings were the work of a deranged in­ devastated. dered in the southern port of Sidon. al Brajinah, a Palestinian neighborhood in dividual, but the Democratic Front for the The Syrian government, which has Y as sir Arafat is the head of the Palestine Beirut. Liberation of Palestine attributed the kill­ thousands of troops in eastern Lebanon, Liberation Organization. Despite Syrian As of September 9, after six days of ings to Amal. backed this assault . government efforts to repress Arafat sup­ fighting, at least 39 people had been killed During May and June, Amal and the 6th But virtually all Palestinian organiza­ porters in the refugee camps and replace and 197 wounded. Brigade of the Lebanese army had tions joined forces to oppose it. them with Syrian-sponsored factions, Amal militiamen were pounding the launched a massive assault on Burj al On June 17 , however, the A mal and 6th Arafat retains considerable popular sup­ Brigade were forced to accept a cease fire, port. which stopped short of bringing the camps Many Palestinians oppose the Syrian under their control . The determined resis­ government's attempt to force the PLO to Make pledge to publication fund tance of Palestinian fighters, worldwide subordinate the struggle against Israeli oc­ condemnation, and opposition from other cupation of Palestine to Syria's foreign pol­ • Pathfinder Press was able to speedily BY FRED FELDMAN Lebanese organizations forced them to re- · icy. The drive to raise a $125,000 Socialist prepare and publish War and Crisis in the treat. The Amal Militia, which has Americas, a collection of recent speeches Publication Fund by November 15, is get­ According to the September 5 New York spearheaded the attacks on the Palestin­ and interviews by Fidel Castro. The Cuban ting under way. So far, $71 ,006 has been Times , "Tensions had been rising in Burj al ians, is based in the oppressed Shiite Mus­ revolutionary leader shows how the revolu­ pledged to the fund, and $3,876 collected. Brajneh since Mustafa Diab, a senior guer­ lim religious grouping in Lebanon. The The fund will make it possible for the tionary struggles in Central America, . the rilla commander loyal to Yasir Arafat, was Shiite Muslims are Lebanon's largest re- socialist press to respond effectively to de­ increasing U.S. military intervention, and abducted at gunpoint. The Palestinians Continued on Page 5 velopments like the rise of the South Afri­ rising opposition across Latin America to can freedom struggle, and the deepening the debt slavery imposed by imperialism confrontation between imperialism and the are combining to create an explosive situa­ workers and peasants of Central America. tion. In the September 6 issue of the Militant, we an­ $125,000 The socialist press is a powerful tool for nounced the launching of the Socialist Publication winning new people to socialist ideas, and Publications like these cost money. That Fund with the goal of raising $125,000 by November money comes from the donations of work­ leading them to join the Young Socialist 15. ers, farmers, and others who have a stake Alliance and Socialist Workers Party. in spreading revolutionary ideas. A major purpose of the fund is to help finance pub­ Contributions to the Socialist Publica­ lication of the Militant and our Spanish-language sis­ tion Fund will mean more advances like the We think that the Socialist Publication Fund is one that Militant readers will want ter publication Perspectiva Mundial and other ones. we've made over the last couple of socialist publication projects. months: to support. This fall Socialist Publication Fund rallies will be held in over 40 cities. • A special supplement on the freedom Checks should be made out to: Socialist Publication These rallies will discuss the socialist struggle in South Africa was published by Fund, 14 Charles Lane, New York, NY 10014. publications and their contributions to the the Militant and the Spanish-language struggles of working people around the socialist biweekly Perspectiva Mundial. Enclosed is my contribution to the Socialist Publica- world . • The first issue of Nouvelle Inter- tion Fund of$ ___ . nationale, a French-language magazine of They will help to introduce people to the Militant, Perspectiva Mundial and the Marxist theory and politics, came off the presses in August. This is a powerful tool other socialist publications. And they will Collected: involve as many readers as possible - new for wjnning French-speaking fighters to Name ------­ $3,876 and old - in raising money to meet the Marxism, particularly in Canada and the $125,000 fund goal. Address ------United States. City ______• The international news biweekly In­ To join in the efforts of the Socialist State __ Zip ___ tercontinental Press was able to publish an Publication Fund, clip the accompanying Phone ------­ expanded issue on the recent walkout from coupon and send it in with your contrib­ the Fourth International by the Australian ution. Or make a pledge that can be paid Organization/Union ------Socialist Workers Party. off during the course of the fund . The Militant tells the truth - Subscribe today! The Militant That's the way you'll get facts about Washington's war against working people at home and abroad: from Closing news date: September 18, 1985 South Africa, El Salvador and Nicaragua, to embattled Editor: MALIK MIAH workers and farmers in the United States. Read our pro­ Managing editor: posals on how to stop the U.S. government's support MARGARET JA YKO Business Manager: for the apartheid regime in South Africa, its interven­ LEE MARTINDALE tion in Central America and the Caribbean, and the em­ Editorial Staff: Rashaad Ali, Susan Apstein, Fred ployers' offensive here. Read our ideas on what it will Feldman, Andrea Gonzalez, Pat Grogan, Arthur take to replace this system of exploitation, racism, and Hughes, Tom Leonard, Harry Ring. seli:ism with a system that's in the interest of working Published weekly except one week in August and the people. last week of December by the Militant (ISSN 0026- At the plant gates, picket lines, and unemployment 3885), 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Tele­ lines, the Militant is there, reporting the news, par­ phone: Editorial Office, (212) 243-6392; Business Of­ ticipating in the struggle. To subscribe today, fill out the fice , (212) 929-3486. attached coupon. Correspondence · concerning subscriptions or changes of address should be addressed to The Mili­ Enclosed is : o $3 for 12 weeks o $15 for 6 months tant Business Office, 14 Charles Lane, New York, STOP o $24 for 1 year o A contributiqn N.Y. 10014. Name ______Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. POST­ APARJ]~I - MASTER: Send address changes to The Militant, 14 Address ______Charles Lane, New York , N.Y. 10014. Subscriptions: U.S. $24.00 a year, outside U.S. $30.00. By first-class 1/0W. City/State/Zip ------­ mail: U.S. , Canada, and Mexico: $60.00. Write for air­ Telephone ------­ mail rates to all other countries. Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily rep­ Union/Organization ------­ resent the Militant's views. These are expressed in edito­ Send to Militant, 14 Charles Lane, New York, N .Y. 10014 rials.

2 The Militant September 27, 1985 . Chrysler demands concessions from UAW

BY HARRIS FREEMAN front as well. Chrysler workers make $9.62 ing, "I don't want to comment on any par­ DETROIT - Chrysler Corporation is an hour plus $3.49 an hour in COLA, com­ ticular item, but ... obviously there's a fi­ demanding sweeping concessions in work pared to $12.82 an hour plus 36¢ COLA at nancial problem." rules, job classifications, and union repre­ GM. Today, Chrysler is a cash rich company. sentation from more than 80,000 auto Marc Stepp, UA W vice-president, stat­ In 1984, the third-largest U.S. auto maker workers represented by the U.S. and Cana­ ing the union's bargaining position, said, made a record $2.38 billion and an addi­ dian United Auto Workers unions (UAW). "We want parity [with UAW workers at tional $1 .04 billion in profits for the first The contracts for U.S. and Canadian GM and Ford] and we want additional half of 1985. Chrysler just purchased Chrysler workers expire October 15. Con­ compensation of some sort." Gulfstream Aerospace for $637 million in tract talks between Chrysler and the auto Bob White, Canadian UA W president, cash. The August 25 New York Times re­ workers' unions began in mid-August. has also said that they will be demanding ported the corporation has an additional Also on Chrysler's list of demands is the parity in Canada where the gap between $3 .8 billion in cash available. initiation of a two-tier wage scale, starting Chrysler workers and Ford and GM work­ Chrysler has the greatest profit per vehi­ new hires with lower wages and less bene­ ers is even larger than in the United States. cle sold of the Big Three auto companies. fits. It would take longer than the 90-day Chrysler is opposing any hourly wage This cost advantage has been financed and probationary period for new hires to reach raises for auto workers. Instead, Chrysler subsidized by massive concessions and wage parity . The two-tier wage scale is a wants to tie workers' income to company layoffs of workers since 1979 and a huge takeback already in effect at General profitability by allowing income improve­ taxpayer-financed government bailout of Motors and Ford. ments only in those years that Chrysler Chrysler. Spurred on by GM's Saturn agreement, claims a profit. Marc Stepp said Chrysler Chrysler has a pretax profit of $1,378 Chrysler is pushing hard for huge reduc­ workers would not accept "a gamble of per vehicle sold compared to $767 per ve­ tions in job classifications. Currently, there profit sharing" as a substitute for annual hicle for General Motors. Chrysler has are more than 500 job classifications com­ pay increases. accomplished this by slashing its work Militant panywide at Chrysler. The company is de­ Thomas Miner, Chrysler's· top bar­ force by more than 40 percent since 1979. Canadian UA W members protesting manding a reduction to only six classifica­ gainer, called the UAW's demand for wage In that same period Chrysler workers have Chrysler's 1982 demands for more con­ tions. Already, Chrysler workers at the parity "troublesome." Miner, quoted in doubled the amount of cars they produce cessions. UA W had already signed con­ Sterling Heights, Michigan, and Fenton, The Detroit News, pleaded poverty, say- per year. cession contract in 1979. Missouri, auto assembly plants have local agreements that implement these big re­ ductions in job classifications and other work rule changes Chrysler would like to implement at other plants. Sales drive gets off to great start In a move to weaken the union on the shop floor, Chrysler is demanding a 25 per­ BY ANDREA GONZALEZ Two young Black women who bought pa­ the first two days of the the drive, Philadel­ cent reduction in union representation. The Los Angeles socialists kicked the I 0- pers earlier in the day came to the YSA phia socialists sold five subscriptions to the current ratio is one union representative for week Militant and Perspectiva Mundial class that afternoon at the Socialist Militant. They report that people are buy­ each 200 workers. The auto bosses want to sales drive off with a bang . In one day they Bookstore. ing subs not only as a way to follow week­ reduce this to one representative for each sold 250 Militants, 40 PMs, and 80 Young In Seattle members of the Socialist to-weeR the developing revolution in South 250 workers. Socialists . Mike Downs, from Los Workers Party decided, after selling 65 pa­ Africa but as a way to learn about the anti­ In an attempt to gut companywide and Angeles, told the Militant that the bulk of pers on Saturday, that their goal of 75 pa­ apartheid protests going on here. plantwide seniority, Chrysler is demanding these papers were sold Sunday, September pers a week was too low . They raised their Birmingham, Ala., socialists sold out of a reduction of transfer rights by seniority. 15, at the meeting there for Louis Far­ weekly goal to I 00 papers - 95 Militants papers on Saturday and had to order more. Currently workers who are laid off in one rakhan, leader of the Nation of Islam . and 5 PMs. Socialists in Portland, Seattle, Kansas trans­ plant or department have the right to Sunday sales in Los Angeles were so Along with sales, Seattle socialists have City, Washington, D.C., and Philadelphia fer to another plant or department. Chrysler successful that socialists there needed to been distributing the special Militant sup­ also had to order additional Militants and is also asking for unspecified changes in re­ order 50 more Militants to have enough pa­ plement on South Africa. They report that PMs to have enough for weekday sales. lief and break time, as well as changes in pers for sales at plant gates and political the supplement is a good way to both boost supplemental unemployment benefits for meetings during the rest of the week. sales and raise money for the $I 25,000 The national goal projected for the drive is to sell 40,000 Militants and Perspectiva laid-off workers. Socialist Publication Fund. At one Post Of­ The Militant's coverage of the struggle Mundials over 10 weeks ending November Chrysler workers are still not at wage fice sale, for example, one worker gave a in South Africa is the big selling point but 16. With two areas still undecided on local and benefit parity with Ford and GM auto Militant salesperson a $5 donation for the not the only one. Manhattan socialists re­ targets for the drive, so far the overall na­ workers. Contract raises and COLA (cost­ supplement. of-living-adjustment) improvements over port selling a number of papers on the Mil­ tional goals add up to 39,833. itant's coverage of the recent FBI invasion the last six months have narrowed the gap "People are grabbing up the paper," The national subscription goal is to sell in the hourly rate of Chrysler workers com­ of Puerto Rico (see story page 8). Philadelphia socialists said. They sold 87 2,000 subscriptions in the 10-week drive. pared to wages at other U.S auto com­ Los Angeles socialists were not alone in papers on Saturday. These include 70 Mil­ Area targets add up to I ,865, with three panies. This gap has existed for more than kicking the sales drive off in a big way. itants, 9 PMs and 8 YSs. areas still without goals. five years. Newark socialists sold 360 papers on This interest in the papers also means This first weekend's sales certainly got Chrysler workers have a bigger portion Saturday. These included 307 Militants, 37 more opportunity to sell subscriptions. In the drive off to a great start. of their hourly rate in COLA than workers PMs, and 16 YSs . Along with sales of the at GM and Ford. Since many benefits and press, socialists publicized a class entitled holiday pay are computed on the hourly "How to fight the Ku Klux Klan," spon­ base rate, Chrysler workers lose out on this sored by the Young Socialist Alliance. SALES & SUBSCRIPTION GOALS

Single issue goals Subscription goals Black, white farmers discuss crisis Area Militant/PM Militant/PM buy from Black farmers . BY KA TY LARKINS 45 /5 "Here in Alabama catfish farming is be­ Atlanta 950150 MONTGOMERY, Ala. - "Black and Baltimore 800/ 10 5510 White Farmers- Working Together" was coming a big industry," said Bobbie Sing­ Birmingham 1000/0 25/0 the theme of a three-day conference, Au­ leton of the Federation of Southern Boston 8751125 40/ 10 gust 22-24, organized by the Lutheran Cooperatives. "The biggest buyer is Capital District, N.Y. 650/23 5015 Church here. The conference brought to­ Chu~:ch's . But they only buy from the Charleston, W.Va. 800/0 30/0 gether 15 white farmers from the Midwest white farmers." Chicago 1200/500 60/ 15 and 15 Black farmers from the South to Other Black farmers explained that most Cincinnati 55010 30/0 discuss the particular problems facing Southern farmers grow produce, which has Cleveland 85.0/50 35/0 to be sold quickly. One South Carolina Dallas 1100/400 45120 Black family farmers. 5015 farmer said he had to throw out most of his Denver 725175 The conference was originally con­ Detroit *I* *I* ceived by Leon Crump, a Black produce produce crop. This year, he said, he spent Greensboro, N.C. 65010 30/0 farmer from South Carolina, and Craig $500 on a watermelon crop that he sold for Houston 1650/350 65/ 10 Adams, a dairy farmer from Wisconsin, $240. Kansas City 800/25 27/3 while the two were roommates pn a farm­ For most of the Midwestern farmers, this Los Angeles 1500/500 60/40 ers' tour to Nicaragua last October. conference was their first exposure to the Louisville 5001* 40/* problems of Black farmers. "I've never Miami 650150 45/5 "I realized that most Midwestern farm­ met a Black farmer before," a grain farmer Milwaukee 800/ 100 35/5 ers who are fighting to keep their own told the Militant, "but once things start get­ Morgantown, W.Va. 400/0 3510 farms have no idea that Black farmers have ting tough for you, you start looking New Orleans 670/80 40/ 10 3000/ 1000 150/50 had these problems for years," Adams told around and seeing that other people have New York the Militant. "This conference is a way to Newark 2480/520 100/25 had it tough for a long time." Oakland 850/ 150 3317 share some of our experiences and come up Another Midwestern farmer said, "You with some solutions." Philadelphia 850/ 150 40110 can talk about the problems family farmers Phoenix 675/275 30/ 10 Representatives of the North American are having now and bypass the whole issue Pittsburgh 850/50 40/5 Farm Alliance, the American Agricultural of Black farmers. But you can't talk about Portland 560/40 26/4 Movement, Groundswell, the Federation Black farmers without touching on the is­ Price, Utah 300110 15/0 of Southern Cooperatives, and the sues that affect all of us." Salt Lake City 500150 2015 Carolinas-based United Farmers Organiza­ Part of the conference was a tour of San Diego 500/ 100 35/0 *I* tion were present. Farmers had come from Southern farms. The farmers got a chance San Francisco *I* Wisconsin, Missouri, Minnesota, South San jose 800/200 40110 to visit a large cooperative produce farm in 46/4 Dakota, Kentucky, Alabama, Georgia, Seattle 950150 Butler County, Alabama, and a catfish St. Louis 2000/0 5010 North Carolina, and South Carolina. Five farm in Lowndes County. Tidewater, Va. 35010 15/0 women farmers attended. The participants drew up a resolution to Toledo 775/25 48/2 During the conference many of the call attention to the issues of Black farm­ Twin Cities 1540/60 70/0 Black farmers described the problems of ers, and demand affirmative action in loans Washington, D.C. 700/65 *I* dealing with racist Farmers Home Admin­ and technical assistance. The farmers Total goals 39,833 1,865 istration (FmHA) officers and bank offi­ agreed that there should be more and big­ *goal not yet adopted cials, as well as purchasers who refuse to ger conferences on this theme.

· September 27, 1985 The Militant 3 - -BUILDING·ANTI-APARTHEID AND ANTIWAR ACTIONS---- economic sanctions against that Institute a complete program of Build Oct. 11! government. As part of its colonial political, economic, and social The importance of the October status, Puerto Rico can only have sanctions against South Africa in­ II National Anti-apartheid Protest economic relations with the cluding an end to all public and Day has been reinforced by the United States. ·· private investments in South Af­ limited sanctions that President The resolution was introduced rica, banning the import of South Reagan's executive order imposes by David Noriega, a member of African goods into Canada and the on the racist regime in Pretoria. the House from the Puerto Rican exporting of Canadian goods to These sanctions are to come into Independence Party. It was passed South Africa. effect October I I . August 26. "Call upon other nations to Actions have been planned for In motivating the resolution enact sanctions that will ensure many college campuses and cities Noriega said that "Puerto Rico South Africa is completely iso­ throughout the country. They will cannot let itself be left in the mar­ lated economically, sociall y, and demand governmental, corporate, gin of history or of the interna­ politically. Use Canada's influ­ and banking divestment from tional situation. It was not possi­ ence with the nations of the world South Africa, and freedom for Af­ ble ," Noriega said, "for the to end all arms shipments, includ­ rican National Congress (ANC) slaughter and persecution carried ing replacements parts, to South leader Nelson Mandela and all po­ out by the South African govern­ Africa. Do whatever it can to help litical prisoners in South Africa ment not to receive the repudiation the people of South Africa to es­ and its colony of Namibia. of our House of Representatives." tablish a representative , democrat­ Mandela has been imprisoned ic government that guarantees for more than two decades. Other 'Ottawa must equality and dignity for every­ imprisoned freedom fighters in­ one." clude additional members of the FREE SOUTH AFRICA break S.A. ties' ANC, and leaders of the 2-million strong United Democratic Front, The following is the text of a Another victory Council of South African Stu­ telegram sent to External Affairs at Columbia dents, and Black trade unions. DIVEST NOW Minister Joe Clark by the Cana­ Protests are planned in Albany, BREAK ECONOMIC LINKS WITH APARTHEID dian United Auto Workers director Students at Columbia Univer­ Atlanta, Baltimore, Chicago , De­ From an October 11 anti-apartheid leaflet Robert White: sity won another victory when dis­ troit, Houston,'Los Angeles, New "With the recent imposition of ciplinary action against more than York, Philadelphia, Portland, San the state of emergency, the South 61 student activists was dropped. Francisco, Seattle,.Tucson, Wash­ Committee on Africa, 198 Broad­ TV family] would be on any side African government has bluntly The disciplinary actions were ington, D.C., and other cities, as way, New York , N .Y. 10038 . but one. That sign will stay on that declared that indignant statements taken in response to last spring's well as over I 00 colleges and uni­ Telephone (212) 962- 1210. door. And I' ve told NBC that if and moderate reactions by the in­ sit-ins at the university. The activ­ versities. Plans include marches, they still want it down, or if they ternational community will be ig­ ists had demanded that Columbia rallies, and picket lines along with try to edit it out, there will be no nored. divest itself from all corporations other educational activities such as show." "Such tactics have totally that do business with South Af­ teach-ins on. apartheid and Wash­ Bill Cosby, NBC failed . The responsibility of those rica. ington's role in South Africa. and South Africa of us who oppose the crime of Before the university opened Black arm bands should be apartheid is consequently clearer this fall, Columbia announced that worn on October I I to show op­ NBC censors recently attemp­ Puerto Rican than 'ever. Arguments about the it would divest. position to aparthe.id and support ted to remove a sign from the door House of Reps costs and benefits of economic In his written opinion, Lewis for the political prisoners in South of Bill Cosby's TV son's bedroom sanctions have now been outstrip­ Kaden, the disciplinary hearing Africa and Namibia. that read "Abolish apartheid ." The condemns apartheid ped by events in South Africa. officer stated , "I accept - indeed, People are being asked to ob­ explanation? The network said it "We must now act concretely to I respect - both the students' pas­ serve a moment of silence for can't appear to endorse one side of The Puerto Rican House of isolate this regime in every way sionate commitment to their cause those who have been killed or ar­ a two-sided controversy. Representatives unanimously possible and express our solidarity and the dignity of the action they rested by the apartheid regime. Cosby's response: "There may passed a resolution condemning with those suffering and fi ghting took to support it. To endorse the October II na­ be two sides on apartheid in Ar­ the racist apartheid regime in to defeat this racist state . tronat protes t d ay and for more in­ chie Bunker's house, but it's im­ South Africa. The resolution "Recall our ambassador and This column was compiled by formation contact the American possible that the Huxtables [his urged President Reagan to impose expel South Africa's ambassador. Rashaad Ali. S. African Black trade unionist speaks in Wis.

BY SANDI SHERMAN number of AFSCME members attended, tinction between the Reagan administration a divestment bill (AB54) in the Wisconsin MILWAUKEE - Over 100 people at­ both from Milwaukee and throughout the and the people of this country." State Legislature, also spoke . tended an anti-apartheid rally here at the Midwest. Earlier in the day, Botha had ad­ Botha described the upsurge in labor headquarters of District Council 48 of the dressed some 500 delegates at a Midwest movement activity in South Africa in re­ Clark urged unions to fo ll ow the exam­ American Federation of State, County and Women's Conference sponsored by cent years. "People have begun to look at ple of his local's executive board, which Municipal Employees (AFSCME) on Sep­ AFSCME, and a sizeable contingent of events on the labor front as part of the rev­ recently decided to withdraw the union's tember 7. The rally, sponsored by the Mil­ conference participants left the conference olutionary process." money from banks with loans and invest­ waukee Free South Africa Coalition, fea­ to attend the rally. ments in South Africa. He explained SACTU's campaign to or­ At a brunch that preceeded the rally, tured Tozamile Botha, the administrative Brian Verdin, a leader of the Free South gani ze a single united trade union federa­ more than a dozen unioni sts spoke infor­ secretary of the South African Congress of Africa Coalition, welcomed the crowd and tion in South Afri ca, stressing the need for mally with Botha on the situation facing Trade Unions (SACTU). pointed out that "the theme for today's ac­ unity. "Our struggle is a struggle for the South African workers . Representati ves Many of the rally participants were trade tivity is labor-community unity against union members from area unions. A large se i ~ure of political and economic power from the UE suggested that the group form apartheid. We' re going to keep that theme and the transfer of that power to the demo­ until South Africa is free.'' a labor committee to work on solidarity cratic masses. SACTU says it is the work­ projects and several people volunteered to Botha, a former Ford worker in Port New York unions join ing class in alliance with the progressive participate. Eli zabeth who played a leading role in a sections of the community that can bring Oct. 11 protest actions two-and-a-half-month strike at Ford in the regime to its knees at the earliest date." Botha returned to Milwaukee on 1979, recently arrived in the United States Sharing the platform with Botha were September 16 to address the international Continued from front page from his home in exile in Zambia. Bob Clark, vice-president of United Elec­ convention of the UE. Unionists uti­ for September 25 at Medgar Evers College He opened his talk by explaining that trical Workers (UE) Local Ill! and Dan lized his second visit to broaden labor in Brooklyn. Speaking at the conference, "we are watching with keen interest in Pryzbyla, vice-president of Local 82 of support and participation in a labor com­ scheduled to begin at 4 p.m., wi ll be Neo ' South Africa what is happening in the AFSCME. Marcus Smith, an aide to State mittee in solidarity with South African Mnumzana and Jeanette Ndlovu of the Af­ United States. We want to draw a clear di s- Rep. Marcia Coggs, who is the sponsor of workers. rican National Congress; Hinyangerwa Asheeke of the South West Afri ca People's Organization, the liberation group fi ghting South Africa's colonial control of YSA leaders build anti-apartheid protests Namibia; a representative of the joint Or­ ganization of African Unity-United Na­ Continued from front page son who is outraged by apartheid and wants tions Committee Against Apartheid ; and "The struggle for freedom in South Af­ to do something about it.'' This in vitation Elombe Brath from the Patrice Lumumba rica," Garza s~ys, "is an inspiration and an was made by YSA National Secretary Young Socialist Coalition. all y to the people of Central America, who Ellen Haywood . She will tour the northern Jim Bell , president of the New York are fighting a war waged against them by New, Jersey area and then be in southern speaking tours chapter of the Coalition of Black Trade the U.S . government. The struggle in California for anti-apartheid demonstra­ Unionists, chaired the meeting. Rena Cacoullos: South Africa is a blow against the U.S.­ tions October I I and 12. Boston, Sept. 20-22 "This meeting was a very important step backed contras who are trying to over­ Chapters of the Young Socialist Alliance in building a broad-based coalition in New throw the workers' and farmers ' govern­ in over 40 cities will be hosting open Jackie Floyd: York against the racist regime in Pretoria. ment in Nicaragua." houses, public meetings, events on cam­ Balti more, Sept. 28- 30 It will be protests, such as the one set for Garza also points out that the anti-apart­ puses and other speaking tour activities. October II , that will force, the state gov­ Laura Garza: heid movement will boost the movement in Other leaders of the YSA on tour include Atlanta, Sept. 26-28 ernment to break its ties with South Af­ solidarity with Central America. Garza, Rena Cacoullos, Mark Curtis, Theresa rica," said Andrea Gonzalez, Socialist Birmingham, Sept. 29- 0 ct. 2 who will tour the South, is helping to or­ Delgadillo , Hector Marroquin, Paco San­ Workers Party candidate fo r mayor of New ganize a delegation of youth to Nicaragua, chez, and James Winfield . Mark Curtis: York and a participant at the meeting. to be hosted by the Sandinista youth move­ Contact the nearest YSA chapter listed Louisville , Sept. 26-28 The · next meeting of the council will be ment, JS- 19 . The tour will be in late Oc­ in the Militant' s directory (page 12) to find Cincinnati , Sept. 29-0ct. held on October I, 6 p.m., again at District tober. out when speakers will be in your area. James Winfield: 65 headquarters. For more information con­ The YSA also aims to increase its mem­ Washington, D.C. , Sept. 28- 30 tact District 65, 13 Astor Pl. , New York, bership through the tours. "The doors of Mark Curtis is the national organiza­ N.Y. 10003. Telephone (2 12) 673-5120. the YSA are wide open to any young per- tional secretary of the YSA .

4 The Militant September 27, 1985 Apartheid pass laws: weapons of oppression

BY HARRY RING order" can be deported to one of the gov­ The pass system is a key weapon in the ernment-created "homelands." suppression of South Africa's Black major­ For women, the pass system is harshest ity. Abolition of the fiercely hated pass of all. system has been a central demand of mas­ It's more difficult for women to move to sive Black protests over the decades. town and get a job. Loss of a job - or Thus it is not surprising that a South Af­ death of a husband - can mean immediate rican government commission recently rec­ expulsion . ommended that the pass laws be revamped. In the mid-1950s, when the pass system It underscores the current crisis of the was extended to women, there were big white minority regime that faces growing protests, culminating in a 1956 demonstra­ protests in South Africa and around the tion of 20.000 women in the capital city of world. Pretoria . Under the pass laws, every Black South The infamous Sharpeville massacre of African over the age of 16 is issued an 1960 was in response to a nationwide elaborate identification book and must Black campaign to force the scrapping of carry it at all times . the pass laws . Currently bearing the innocent-sounding According to government figures, 67 title , "reference books," these internal Sharpeville demonstrators died. passports are a true symbol of the fascist­ For several weeks after, protests gripped like conditions that Black South Africans the country. live under. A quarter of a century later, the Black Fittingly enough, one of the first ver­ majority is not likely to settle for rewriting sions of the pass laws was adopted in 1760 of the pass laws. Like apartheid itself. they Blacks flee tear gas as South Africa cops attack funeral procession. Government com­ to control the movement of slaves. Any will haveto go. mission now proposes changing hated pass laws. travel by a slave required an authorizing pass signed by the slave owner. It has been estimated that over the past 70 years, 18 million Black people have been arrested for violation of pass laws. South Africa clergy call for strike Currently, up to 300,000 people a year are arrested for such violations. Continued from front page The violations are built in . A passbook Gavin Reily, chairman of Anglo Ameri­ This growing debate among South Af­ Botha said that the "sovereignty" of the includes the bearer's photo, identity card, can, said after the meeting: 'There is little rica's rulers over how best to maintain their homelands would be preserved. The gov­ registration number, description of ethnic community of interest between us . Our rule stems from the struggle of South Af­ ernment uses their phony sovereignty as a or tribal background, tax receipts. work re­ positions are very farapart. But as South rica' s masses, who increasingly follow the pretext for denying political rights to Afri- · cord, address of employment, and employ­ Africans, we are all intere~ted to create a ANC, and from the worldwide solidarity cans. er's signature. The current employment re­ more cohesive society and a more equitable that struggle has inspired. The next day a government-sponsored cord must be updated monthly. one." The determination of South Africa's commission called for abolishing the exist­ The book also establishes the bearer's ANC President Oliver Tambo called the Black majority to e11d apartheid was voiced ing pass laws. Hundreds of thousands of "influx control" authorization. meeting "a very important contribution to by Samuel Langa, a leader of the illegal Blacks are arrested for violating these "Influx control" is a key purpose of the the process of seeking ways and means of Black settlement of Crossroads. He told a laws, which require Africans to carry a re­ pass system. It is used to determine if a ending the violence of apartheid." reporter, "The troubles have made ns ference book. Police officers or other au­ Black person is to live in a remote, im­ Botha, speaking for the government, stronger, made us see that we have to thorities can demand to see this book at any poverished "homeland" - the 13.7 per­ sharply criticized the businessmen for talk­ fight. . . . If your child dies in front of your time. cent of South Africa reserved for Africans ing to the AN C. "I do not know," he said, eyes, you are supposed to feel pain and - or is employed in a city and "au­ The commission said the laws were "in "what the businessmen achieved, except to fight for your children. If your child has to thorized" to live in a segregated shan­ conflict with basic human rights" and "pro­ show signs of weakness towards the die on a spot of land, you must be willing tytown on the outskirts of the city. duces contempt for the relevant act and for enemies of South Africa. The government to die on that same spot. We are slaves now The pass system has been a continuous the authorities" among Africans. itself will not talk to any organization or and we cannot be slaves any longer. That ;s person who promotes violence." just the truth. " feature of white minority rule. After slav­ The commission proposed establishing ery was abolished in the 19th Century, one an identity card for all South Africans in­ of the first targets of a pass system were the stead of the current passes that are issued to country' s gold and diamond miners. In Africans only. South Africa artny launches 1895, the government of the Transvaal province adopted a pass law drafted by the Instead of the current attempts to rigidly mineowners , "to have a hold on the na­ control the movement of Blacks to the new raid against Angola tive. " cities, the committee called for a "strategy for orderly urbanisation" - indicating that With the mines hiring only migrant BY FRED FELDMAN tivities in Namibia have stepped up in re­ some restrictions on Blacks' freedom of Black workers, someone looking for a job South African military forces struck into cent weeks. The white-minority govern­ movement should continue. And it called had to get a pass within 24 hours after en­ Angola September 16. ment allows little news about the struggle for continued opposition to "uncontrolled tering a district. The pass was good for six Gen. Constand Viljoen , the South Afri­ in Namibia into the media. squatting"- a term for illegal settlements days . If you didn 't have a job by then, and can commander who announced the inva­ On August 25, South African authorities established by Blacks outside the over­ didn't get out, you faced jail. sion, said it was staged to head off actions admitted arresting 52 people for participat~ crowded Black townships that are set aside The first major pass law , which applied by the South West Africa People's Organi­ ing in a pro-SWAPO demonstration in the for them. to most of the country, was adopted in zation (SWAPO). Black township of Katatura near the Nami­ 1923 . Its purpose was. to control the migra­ The report assumed the continuation of SW APO is fighting for the indepen­ bian capital of Windhoek. tion of Blacks from the countryside into the strict residential segregation. dence of Namibia, a country of I. I million cities. It provided for the expulsion of The United Democratic Front said that that is occupied by South Africa. "surplus" Africans not actually employed the government's reform proposals were South Africa recenily imposed a puppet Palestinian liberation in an area. tailored so as "not to affect white minority administration on Namibia, based primar­ The present nationwide pass law , appli­ power and privilege." ily on the white minority of 70,000. fighters in Lebanon cable to all Black men and women, was Several leading South African South African forces have repeatedly in­ adopted in 1952. capitalists, including the head of the giant vaded Angola, which borders on Namibia. come under attack If you lose a job you can be evicted from Anglo American Corp., met with exiled Hundreds of Angolans and Namibian refu­ Continued from Page 2 your shantytown home. Any "foreign na­ leaders of the African National Congress .gees have been killed in such raids . On ligious group. tive" deemed to be a threat to "peace and September 13 in Zambia. June 29 and 30, invading South Africans Amal is led by Nabih Berri, a capitalist killed at least 57 people. politician who serves as minister of justice The apartheid regime also keeps some in the cabinet of Amin Gemayel. Gemayel troops in southern Angola, where they or­ is a leader of the rightist Phalangist militia Black-ruled African nations call ganize and supply reactionary guerrillas based on the relatively privileged Maronite who are seeking to overthrow the Angolan Christians. Under Berri's leadership, Amal for more sanctions against S. Africa government. seeks to modify the political structure im­ The South African government admitted posed on Lebanon in 1943 by its former The leaders of six Black-ruled countries countries taking the form of different types September 17 that one of its military per­ French rulers. This structure assured the in Southern Africa issued a statement sup­ of pressure, including economic sanc­ sonnel, a medical orderly, was killed by political domination of Lebanon by the porting sanctions against the racist white tions." Angolan troops while aiding the rightists. Maronite Christian minority. It discrimi­ minority regime and backing the massive It called on the United States govern­ In 1975 , when Angola won its indepen­ nates against the Shiites, Druse, and Sun­ anti-apartheid struggle in South Africa. ment and its allies to "broaden and inten­ dence from Portugal , South Africa nis who make up the Muslim majority. The six leaders represent countries that sify the pressures to effectively hasten the launched a major invasion aimed at toppl­ Amal opposed Israeli and U.S . occupa­ are called "frontline states" because of their process of dismantling apartheid." ing the new government. The Angolan tion of Lebanon. But Berri fears the Pales­ nearness to South Africa and their opposi­ It urged the South African government government asked for and rec~ived tinian struggle, seeing it as an obstacle to tion to apartheid. The declaration was is­ to legalize the African National Congress thousands of Cuban troops who helped beat his hopes for a live-and-let-live agreement sued in Maputo, the capital of Mozam­ and release ANC leader Nelson Mandela back the invaders. Since then Cuban troops with Israeli imperialism. The Palestinian bique, after a September 16 summit meet­ from prison . have remained in Angola as an obstacle to struggle has a powerful appeal to Shiite ing. The African leaders congratulated the South African attacks. workers and farmers, making it a threat to The declaration was endorsed by Presi­ ANC and other democratic forces for the A U.S. official was mildly critical of the Berri's drive to win control over the Shiite dent Samora Machel of Mozambique, "vast mobilization" against apartheid , and latest raid, suggesting that it might violate masses. President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia, blamed the racist system for violence in international law. The Israeli rulers, who effectively con­ President Jose Eduardo dos Santos of An­ South Africa. Washington works with the South Afri­ trol a strip of southern Lebanon, continue gola, President Quell K. Mas ire of Bots­ The call for expanding sanctions was in can rulers to undermine the Angolan gov­ to launch attacks deeper into Lebanon. On wana, Prime Minister Robert Mugabe of defiance of the South African govern­ ernment. While the U.S. government has September 4 Israeli bombers attacked the Zimbabwe, and President Julius Nyerere of ment's threats to retaliate against interna­ close diplomatic relations with the apart­ village of Qabb Elias in eastern Lebanon. Tanzania. tional sanctions by expelling hundreds of heid regime, it refuses to recognize An­ Israeli officials said it was a Palestinian Their statement "hailed the growing thousands of migrant workers in South Af­ gola. base. It was the eleventh Israeli attack on condemnation of apartheid by Western rica who come from neighboring countries. GeReral Viljoen stated that SWAPO ac- Lebanon this year.

St:ptember 27, 1985 T._eMilitant 5 Salvador rebels report progress toward fusion A F~rabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMLN) is leading struggle against dictatorship

BY MARGARET JA YKO ganizations, creating a single organization and cities . . . have seen that Duarte's gov­ everywhere in the country . including in the The process of fusion of the five revolu­ and a single revolutionary army." ernment cannot solve their problems or cities. tionary organizations that make up El Sal­ The meeting reached a unified evalua­ meet their just demands. Consequently, the The third task of the FMLN, said Gon­ vador's Farabundo Marti National Libera­ tion of the current political situation in El masses are developing a higher le vel of or­ zalez, is mobilizing the entire people tion Front (FMLN) is moving forward. Salvador. ganization and fighting solidarity . In other against the government's war, to strive to That was the central message coming out words, they have been forced to use involve the largest numbers possible in the of the July meeting of the FMLN's General Framework: struggle of people of world strikes, work stoppages, and mobilizations struggle to bring down the dictatorship. Command, which was held in that coun­ The FM LN 's view of the Salvadoran lib­ to defend their rights," he said. The fourth task, he said, is "to work to­ try's northeastern province of Morazan. eration struggle, said Gonzalez, is "within Gonzalez reported that the rebel forces ward strengthening the solidarity and unity The results of the meeting were broad­ the framework of the struggle of all the have expanded their activities throughout of the peoples of the world against Ronald cast to the Salvadoran people on August 14 peoples of the world for peace and social the country, beyond the one-third· of the Reagan's warmongering policies, for de­ over the FMLN's clandestine Radio Yen­ progress and against the bellicose and war­ territory that is considered FMLN "zones fense of the Nicaraguan revolution, and to ceremos by Commander Leone! Gonzalez, mongering policy of the current U.S. ad­ of control. " struggle to defeat the escalating interven­ one of the five members of the General ministration headed by Ronald Reagan. The army is sustaining a high casualty tion in El Salvador." Command . " It is part of the crisis experienced by rate, and the FMLN has damaged "the war The five groups that united to form the Latin America today," he said. "One of its economy" to the tune of millions of dollars 1983 split opened door to unity FMLN are: People's Liberation Forces, most dramatic reflections is the continent's through the destruction of factories, tele­ This is the first comprehensive statement Communist Party of El Salvador, People's nearly $360 billion foreign debt, which phone lines, bridges, power lines, and by the FMLN on the progress in forging a Liberation Army, Armed Forces of Na­ means Lati n America must pay $40 billion plantations. unified, revolutionary party in El Salvador tional Resistance, and Central American a year in interest alone," Gonzalez pointed since the split in the FMLN in 1983. Revolutionary Workers Party. Gonzalez is out. ' Four guidelines' for FMLN's work In April of that year, a central leader of a leader of the People's Liberation Forces. Gonzalez explained that the crisis con­ Gonzalez said that the FMLN leadership the People's Liberation Forces (FPL), "The agreement of our General Com­ fronting Latin America is "produced by the adopted four guidelines for its work. Metida Anaya Montes, was killed by sup­ mand ... to delegate one of its members , development of a dependent capitalist sys­ The first one is to "make progress in porters of a founding leader of the organi­ on behalf of all of them, to address the ac­ tem, of imperialist domination that de­ turning the FMLN into a single organiza­ zation -Salvador Cayetano Carpio. Car­ tivists, combatants, and leaders of the five prives our peoples of their resources, and tion." Since 1979, he said, when the unity pio subsequently killed himself. organizations of the FMLN," said Gon­ affects Latin America's vital economic in­ process began, "we have reached a level of Carpio's criminal actions were his re­ zalez, is "irrefutable proof of the progress terests. unity in our political views in which sub­ sponse to the fact that Montes and the achieved in the uniry of the FMLN." "To prevent a just solution in the inter­ stantial differences concerning our strategy majority of the FPL had rejected his secta­ He stressed the importance of the July ests of the Latin American people, North no longer exist." The FMLN now has, he rian political course and opposition to the meeting: "Continuing the gradual develop­ American imperialism promotes a policy said, "a single political line." deepening unity of the FMLN. ment of our unity process, the conclusions based mainly on military aggression by its Within this context, Gonzalez said, "we While the majority of the FPL ·- the of this meeting are superior to the conclu­ marines, and on economic aggression are about to take firm steps toward ideolog­ l arges~ of the components that form the sion of previous meetings. through the IMF [International Monetary ical unification." FMLN - rejected Carpio's political line, a 'There is no doubt that today we are Fund]," declared Gonzalez. While acknowledging that unspecified section of the membership clung to his sec­ closer to the complete unification of our or- "Central America is the region most af­ differences still exist, Gonzalez declared tarian ideas and split from the FPL and fected by th is confrontation," he that the advances in working together al­ FMLN. . explained. "The Reagan administration ready made are "quickly leading us to party One section of the splitters, organized FMLN demands freedom blockades and militarily attacks the new­ unity, until we become a single organiza­ into the Clara Elisabeth R amirez Front, re­ for arrested leader born Nicaraguan revolution and carries out tion." This means, he said, that they have cently held its first meeting. It delivered a an escalating military intervention in El put "the interests of our people above each communique to the news media about the ofCommunist Party Salvador," he continued. organization's interests." meeting, which reaffirms its sectarian, ul­ The instrument that Washington is using The second guideline for the FMLN's traleft course . The document stresses the The second-in-command of the Com­ to carry out its war against the working work is continuing the military approach of group's support for the political views of munist Party of El Salvador was arrested people of El Sal>Jador is the Christian Dem­ waging a war of attrition against the armed Carpio. on August 9 in the capital city of San Sal­ ocratic government, headed by President forces; with the goal of inflicting the In addition, it continues to try to portray vador. Americo Mauro Araujo Ramirez is Jose Napoleon Duarte. Since he was in­ maximum number of casualties on the gov­ itself as part of the FPL, as it has done all being held for trial by a military court. stalled in 1984, Gonzalez reported, "the ernment's forces; increasing the level of along by changing its name to the The Farabundo Marti National Libera­ broad working masses of the countryside sabotage; and fi ghting the enemy's forces Continued on Page 12 tion Front's (FMLN) radio station, Radio Yenceremos, broadcast a statement de­ manding Araujo's freedom. "Araujo has the absolute right to be treated with dignity, in the same manner 'IP' documents split of Australian SWP that the FMLN respects the officers and soldiers it captures. We demand respect for In mid-Augustthe National Com­ Vietnam inde pe nde nce struggle in the physical safety of Comrade Araujo. We mittee of the Australian Socia li st the 1940s. .------, urge our people and all the people of Latin Worke rs Party formali zed its walk­ The Octobe r 7 IP will carry the L America and the world to demand Araujo's o ut from the Fourth Inte rnational. first part of Cu ban Preside nt Fidel NTERCONTJNENTAL freedom," said the broadcast. The curre nt (Se pte mbe r 23) issue Castro's speech on the Latin Amer- PRESS The regime is also still holding two other of Intercontinental Press carries ican d e bt c ri sis g ive n at a confer- ""'" ...... ~. members of the FMLN: Yanet Samour more tha n 25 pages of a rticles a nd e nce in Havana at the b eginning of =~---=::..__---,:;:::;:;;:.::-=---""::::::..-~=~~ Hasbun and Maximina Reyes Villatoro. doc ume nts describing the political August. They were captured by the National Guard degene ration of the Australi an SWP New Stage in South Africa Struggle last December and have been tortured. leadership that le d to this split. Intercontinental Press is a biweekly They belong to the People's Revolutionary The Australian SWP lead e rs as­ that carries more a rticles, doc u­ Army (ERP). sert that the Fourth Inte rnatio nal, me nts, and special features o n world In August, the FMLN's Radio founde d in 1938, is a roadbloc k to poli tics - from Europe to Oceania Farabundo Marti reported that Dr. Doroteo building the kind of inte rnati onal a nd from the Middle East to Central Gomez Arias, a lawyer who was a leader of revolutionary m oveme nt they think Ame rica - tha n we have room for the Armed forces of National Resistance is need e d , and it should neve r have in the Militant. Subscribe now. (FARN), was murdered at the hands of the been formed. cops while in prison. And in July, Com­ In this expande d 40-page issue, mander Arlen, a leader of the Central IP e ditor Doug Je nness describes Enclosed is D $7.50 for 3 mo nths . American Revolutionary Workers Party the orig ins of the Fo urth Inte rna­ D $1 5 for 6 mo nths. D $30 for 1 (PRTC), was killed in combat. She was the tional a nd its key p lace in d efend­ year. political and military officer responsible ing the continuity of Le ninism and Name ______for the PRTC's forces in the eastern region. the d eve lopme nt of a mass revolu­ Australian SWP Leaders Declare "Her example expressed the fundamental tionary inte rnational. Address ______Split From Fourth International role that Salvadoran women have played in An a rticle by U.S. SWP le ader City __ State __ Zip _____ the construction of the FMLN's van­ Steve Cla rk describes the Austra­ L------~ guard," said a statement released by the lian SWP lead e rship's accommoda­ C li p and mail to Inte rcontine nta l PRTC's political commission. ti on to Sta linism as shown by its e n­ Press, 410 West St., New York, NY The Communist Party, ERP, PRTC, and dorsement of the be trayal of the 10014. F ARN are all members of the FMLN.

6 The Militant September 27, 1985 U.S. 'state terrorisni' charged . . Nicaragua case against U.S. in World Court is ai_rtight BY MARGARET JA YKO Through witnesses and documents, said in full view of the others - all persons "If the United States were to terminate Arguello, Nicaragua would prove "beyond working for the Nicaraguan government, its support for the contra.1· [counterrevolu­ a doubt that the U.S. government . . . is including police, local militia members, tionaries], without any doubt the war guilty of state terrorism." party members, health workers, teachers would be over in a matter of a few months, The Nicaraguan legal team is composed and farmers ." He added~ "It was easy to not more than two or three months ." largely of U.S. and British lawyers. It is persuade those left alive" to join the con­ That was the testimony of Nicaragua's headed by Abram Chayes, a Harvard law tras. first witness at the World Court, Deputy professor who was the State Department's In response to Nicaragua's case, the Interior Minister Luis Carrion. He top lawyer during the administration of State Department issued a 130-page report . explained that the U .S .-organized mer­ President John F. Kennedy . It argues that Washington's war against cenaries "are an artificial force, artificially Washington has refused to participate in Nicaragua is actually an act of self-de­ created by the United States, that exists the proceedings, arguing that the court had fense, because it was launched in response only because it counts on U.S. direction, no jurisdiction in what it called "an inhe­ to ·alleged Nicaraguan attempts to over­ on U.S. training. on U.S. assistance, on rently political problem." throw governments throughout Central U.S. weapons, on U.S . everything." In his testimony , Nicaraguan leader America. · On September 12, hearings began at the Carrion described how CIA operatives car­ Even the Washington Post, which is not International Court of Justice, commonly ried out terrorist attacks against Nicaragua. known for its support for the Sandinistas. known as the World Court, on the suit filed Total property damage so far is estimated had to admit that the charges in the report by the Nicaraguan government against at $375 million . The CIA terrorists have were simply a rehash of the widely discre­ Washington in April 1984. murdered 3,886 people and wounded dited 1981 State Department "White The Sandinistas have charged !hat the 4,731 since 1981. Paper" which accused Cuba and Nicaragua U.S. government is violating international Another piece of evidence in Nicara­ of trying to take over El Salvador through law by organizing the National Guardsmen gua's case is an affidavit written by Edgar backing the popular forces fighting the Sal­ Chamorro. · vadoran dictatorship. of the defeated U.S. -backed dictatorship of Exhibition of weapons captured from Until last fall, Chamorro was a leader of Anastasio Somoza to wage war against The only new thing in what reporters contras in Luis Alfonso Velazquez Park the Nicaraguan Democratic Force (FDN), have dubbed "son of the White Paper" is Nicaragua. in Managua. Carlos Arguello, Nicaragua's .chief the main contra grouping. extensive, detailed testimony "proving" counsel and ambassador to the Netherlands In his statement, Chamorro described these charges by people who allegedly used - the seat of the World Court -explained how the terrorists "recruit" new members . to be members of El Salvador's Farabundo portunity of a speech at a recent meeting of that, "in effect, the commander-in-chief of Contra units "would arrive at an unde­ Marti National Liberation Front. the International Association of Jurists to the U.S . armed forces is also the comman­ fended village, assemble all the residents in Answering Washington 's accusation smear Nicaragua as a nation "fast becom­ der-in-chief of the contra forces ." the town square and then proceed to kill - that Nicaragua is providing a massive flow ing a terrorist country club." of arms to the Salvadoran rebels was a The Nicaraguan Embassy responded by former senior analyst for the Central Intel­ challenging the White House to prove these ligence Agency, David MacMichael. Mac­ oft-repeated charges: "If the U.S. has any Michael told the court, "I do not believe evidence of any aggressive act by Nicara­ Children's associatiOn that such a traffic goes on now, nor has it gua, the administration should take it to the gone on for the past four years at least, and World Court. . I believe that the representations of the "The fact that the U.S. is boycotting ~he celebrates 6th year United States Government to the contrary court is indisputable proof that the U.S. has are designed to justify its policies toward no evidence to support the charges .. .. BY HECTOR CARRION were wearing red and black bandanas - the Nicaraguan government." Whereas Nicaraguadoes have evidence to MANAGUA, Nicaragua - Growing up the Sandinista colors. In a further attempt to counter the San­ prove that the U.S . administration is as a child in the Dominican Republic, Ire­ At one point, a police car, army jeep, dinistas' successful international campaign financing and directing terrorism against member how little we trusted the cops. Too and fire truck drove into the park. The against Washington's aggression, U.S. At­ the Nicaraguan people through its support many of us got beaten up simply for de­ police and soldiers started giving out pop­ torney General Edwin Meese took the op- for the contras." manding more schools or jobs for our par­ corn and candy. Hundreds of children ents. To the cops we were committing a began to climb on the vehicles. The drivers crime by demanding our rights. just laughed and made sure the children did Children of working-class families in the not get hurt. Honduran invaders driven out United States also learn about whose side The fire truck became the center of at­ Continued from front page ran attack on the U.S. government. "We the cops are on at an early age, especially if traction as children played with the gauges Ortega called on Honduran President want peace with all the people of the the kids are Black or Latino. and other instruments. The fire hose got Roberto Suazo Cordova to meet with him world," he explained. "We want peace Sol was struck by how Nicaraguan chil­ turned on and the children shot water all immediately to prevent any further inci­ · with the government of Honduras, because dren respond to the police here. It 's very over the place . Nobody minded- it was a dents. He urged the Honduran government the people of Honduras are the sisters and different . very hot day. not to give in to the pressures from Wash­ brot~ers of the Nicaraguan people." It is Under the slogan. "For our smile we The children also participated in break­ ington to be used as a "trampoline" for the U.S. government, Ortega said, that is want peace," thousands of Nicaraguan dancing and folkloric dances. Music from U.S. war actions. Ortega called on the trying to provoke war between Nicaragua children celebrated the sixth anniversary of the Atlantic Coast was played throughout Honduran government to end its support and other Central American governments. ANS, the Luis Alfonso Velazquez San­ the day. for the mercenaries and to disband the At the same time he warned that "The dinista Children 's Association, on Sep­ I asked a 10-year-old boy named Manuel bases these terrorists have in Honduran ter­ people of Nicaragua and theit army are tember 7. what was it like for children before the rev­ ritory. Ortega also proposed a joint Nicara­ ready to fight, destroy, and expel any .for­ olution. He began by saying that children guan-Honduran border patrol to avoid fu­ Luis Alfonso Velazquez was murdered eign invader whatsoever." djd not have an association to represent ture confrontations. on May 2, 1979, by the National Guard of them. Most ·of the working-class children The Honduran government should har­ Thus far, Suazo Cordova has refused to Anastasio Somoza. He was nine years old. did not go to school; they 'worked to help bor no hopes, he said, that with the aid of answer Ortega's request for a meeting. The He had been active in organizing children the family. Children did not dare get close U.S. troops they would be able to liquidate Honduran government has put all its armed revolutionary Nicaragua. An invasion of to help liberate Nicaragua. Today he is a to the National Guardsmen. forces on alert against supposed Sandinista national hero. Many places are named after Many of these children have relatives. Nicaragua would ignite opposition aggression . Honduran troops have been him. who died in the war of liberation against throughout the continent. moved close to the Nicaraguan border and "To attack Nicaragua," he warned, Here in Managua the ANS .celebration Somoza, as well as relatives who are today orders given to the air force to "attack and "means to attack Central America. And to was. partly organized by the Sandinista fighting the U.S.-backed mercenaries, eliminate" supposed Nicaraguan invaders. set fire to Nicaragua means· to set fire to Police . They replaced Somoza's National called contras . The Honduran press has also been trying to Central America, to Latin America, and to Guard after the revolution of July 19 , Manuel told me he was waiting to turn whip up a war-like sentiment against Nica­ 1979. 16 so he can join the militia or the San­ the United States itself." ragua. Recalling the region's historic fight for Thousands of children gathered at the dinista People's Army. Then he can defend independence, Ortega explained that today Luis Alfonso Velazquez Park , where they his country and guarantee the future of the Sahsa, the Honduran airline, temporar­ "the enemy is the same. But the possibility danced , searched for hidden treasure, and next generation, just like his brothers are ily suspended its flights to Managua, but of peace exists·. It requires the dignity, pat­ competed in races. Many of the children doing today. has now announced they will be resumed . riotism, independence, and Central Ameri­ Representatives in Honduras of the U.S. can unity that the peoples of the region de­ government, which has thousands of mand of their governments." troops stationed in that country, sought to push the situation even further toward di­ rect confrontation. New correspondents U.S. Ambassador John Ferch held a join 'Militant-PM' news conference at the Honduran Foreign Ministry. "Enough of turning the other Managua bureau cheek to Sandinista aggression," he said. Militant readers will notice we have Here in Managua, more than 20,000 stu­ some new correspondents in Nicaragua. dents marched on September 14, the day Cindy Jaquith, a staff writer and former after the attack. They declared their readi­ editor of the Militant, is now heading the ness to defend their country from any in­ Militant-Perspectiva Mundial bureau in · vader. The march commemorated the de­ Managua. Our other new correspondent is feat of U.S. colonialist William Walker at Hector Carrion. Carrion, who was born in the hands of Nicaraguan patriots 129 years the Dominican Republic, worked as an ago. The next day, September 15, marked electrician in Virginia before moving to the I 64th anniversary of Central American Managua. independence. M Jaquith and Carrion join Bill Gretter, Nicaraguan children at day care center. Sandinista Police helped organize celebra­ Addressing a rally at the end of the stu­ longtime member of the Socialist Workers tion for Sandinista Children's Association, which was held under slogan, "For our dents' demonstration, Daniel Ortega . Party, who began writing for the bureau smile, we want peace." placed fundamental blame for the Hondu- this spring.

September 27, 1985 The Militant Puerto·Rican unions slam FBI invasion BY ANDREA GONZALEZ Directing this attack is the new director Some 25 unions in Puerto Rico have of the FBI in Puerto Rico, Richard Held. formed the Labor Committee for the De­ Held was featured in the Summer, 1985 fense of Civil Rights. The committee in­ issue of Covert Action, a magazine cludes the General Council of Workers, a specializing in documenting the criminal confederation of seven unions; the Puerto activity of the U.S. political police. Held's Rican Federation of Workers, a confedera­ FBI career reads like a history of that tion of 18 unions; the Teamsters; UTIER agency's dirty work todisrupt and destroy (power and water workers union); and the movements of the oppressed in this others. The labor committee was formed in country. response to the recent FBI attack on the in­ According to Covert Action, Held was dependence movement. director of the FBI's office in Chicago in More than 200 armed FBI agents from 1968-69, during its campaign against the the United States raided 38 homes and of­ Black Panther Party. That di'rty ,campaign fices of independence activists August 30. eventually led to the murders of Panther In the course of these raids, the FBI took leaders Fred Hampton and Mark Clark. He the printing press of Pensamiento Crftico, disappeared after those events. a proindependence magazine, effectively But he later resurfaced in 1973 as the di­ closing it down. By the end of these raids, rector of the FBI's office in Rapid City, II independence activists had been ar­ South Dakota. There he led the agency's rested. They were taken off the island by attack on the American Indian Movement military transport and kept at undisclosed at Wounded Knee that same year. locations in the United States. As part of He disappeared again in 1976, only to this attack three other supporters of Puerto reappear in 1981 to lead the FBI's cam­ "FBI, true terrorists," was theme of protest against raids. Rican independence were arrested - two paign against the Black organization, Re­ The people of Puerto Rico, however, City and Hartford, Connecticut, defense inside the United States and one in Mexico. public of New Afrika in Detroit. have not been silenced. They have begun committees have been formed to protest The FBI claims that these activists are Held's appearance in Puerto Rico, and to mobilize against these attacks. In addi­ this attack on these activists. (See article on members of the proindependence organiza­ his announcement that the FBI would be tion to the formation of the labor commit­ this page.) tion Macheteros (machete wielders) who continuing its investigation of the indepen­ tee, 122 Puerto Rican artists issued a state­ Protests have also come from the allegedly robbed a Wells Fargo armored dence movement, signals that these raids ment denouncing the attack on the proin­ Dominican Republic. A September 10 truck in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1983. are only the opening shot of a stepped-up dependence activists. press statement by the Center for Ecumen­ The labor committee, in a press state­ U.S. government drive against indepen­ Ruben Berrfos and David Noriega, ical Action; the Dominican Committee for ment announcing its formation, rejects the dence supporters. members of the colonial. legislature from Human Rights; and the Institute of the FBI's claim. Their statement explains that The colonial government will be joining the Puerto Rican Independence Party Workers, Peasants and People's Move­ this attack is part of the U.S. government's this campaign. Reversing Governor Rafael (PIP), have introduced a resolution in that ment in Santo Domingo, characterized this continuing expansion of its power in Puerto Hernandez Coi6n's initial criticism of the body demanding an investigation of the attack as "one of the most brutal campaigns Rico. The U.S. government, the statement FBI raids, Puerto Rico's Secretary of Jus­ FBI's action. Many leaders of the Popular of repression in recent history" against the continues, "is on an active campaign of re-· tice, Hector Rivera Cruz, announced that Democratic Party (PPD), the current ruling Puerto Rican people. They state that it was pression against sectors of Puerto Rican so­ he will be evaluating the "evidence" ob­ party in Puerto Rico, have also spoken out tied to the recent decision by the United ciety." tained in the raids. He said charges may be against the FBI's raids. Nations to discuss U.S. colonization of The labor committee warns that "today it brought agairist independence supporters The opposition to this witch-hunt has not Puerto Rico and the U.S. government's in­ touched the independence sector . . .. In based on this information under Puerto been limited to the island. In New York tervention in Central America. the future . . . leaders of the Puerto Rican Rico's legal system. unions could be arrested." If it goes un­ This campaign against the independence answered, the committee warns, it opens movement comes at a time when there is the door "to the federal agencies to do the growing opposition in Puerto Rico to Boston: Asian community wins same to any other person or organization in Washington's militarization of the island Puerto Rico." · and its intervention in Central America. round in police abuse case

BY JON HILLSON for the 12 months off duty. BOSTON - This city's Asian commu­ Kelly is appealing the suspension, and a nity won some justice September 7 when spokesman for the "detectives union" of cop Francis Kelly was suspended from the which Kelly is a member said the cop was Boston Police Department for a year with­ "sold out" by Mayor Flynn because of "the out pay for beating a Chinese worker here. Chinese community." But Flynn refused'to Kelly's suspension came on the heels of condemn the attack or publicly rebuke the August 23 acquittal of Long Kuang Kelly or the cops during the past four Huang of solicitation of prostitution months of the case. charges. Kelly had tried to frame Long on "I am pleased it's finally over," Long this charge after brutally beating him on said of the whole process that began May I. Long was also acquitted of resist­ May I . ing arrest charges. Police Superintendent-in-Chief John A. Long and his wife, Bao Tang Huang Gifford said ihe police in-house suspension burst into tears as that verdict was an­ of Kelly proves the cops can monitor them­ nounced, and a packed courtroom erupted selves. in applause. , But the reality is, without a well-led " It was a great victory for the communi­ campaign to get out the truth exposing ra­ Heavily armed agents at U.S. Federal Courthouse in San Juan, Puerto Rico, during ty ," Peter Kiang, program director of the cist brutality, Long Kuang Huang could protests of FBI raids on independence.activists. Asian-American Resources Workshop, still be in jail. said. Winning justice for Long has been a focus of protest for the Chinese community UN General Assembly Conn: 300 protest activist~' arrest in demonstrations, rallies, petitioning cam­ paigns, and legal defense efforts. debates U.S. domination BY ARTEMIO CAMACHO Rican citizens who happen to be indepen­ The broadly backed Coalition for Justice of Puerto Rico HARTFORD, Conn. - More than 300 dence advocates." for Long Kuang Huang quickly earned the people demonstrated outside the U.S. Fed­ In her remarks, Cruz reminded the dem­ support of an unprecedented array of The United Nations General Assembly eral Court here to demand the release of 14 onstrators of Puerto Rico's strategic mili­ Chinese and Asian community, civic , and will be debating the U.S. colonializati on of activists arrested last week in FBI raids in tary position in any U.S. government plan political organizations. Puerto Rico this fa ll. Puerto Rico and the United States (see to invade the countries of Central America And it sought and won widespread sup­ The debate comes after the UN's Special story on this page). and the Caribbean. The independence ac­ port from Black, Latino, labor, civi l liber­ Committee on Decolonization voted Au­ The September 14 demonstration was tivists, she said , are an obstacle to these ties, peace and antiwar organizations, gust 14 to reaffirm the inalienable right of called by the Hartford Committee Against U.S. military plans for the island. along with numerous prominent Bosto­ the people of Puerto Rico to independence. Repression and New York Committee William Kunstler, the leading attorney nians outraged at the attack. The motion , introduced into the commit­ Against Repression. for the defense, also spoke at the protest. The only witness to testify in Kell y's be­ tee by Cuba and Venezuela, was approved The hearings for these activists began He told the crowd that "the prisoners are half was Audrey Manns, the prostitute by a vote of II in favor, one (Chile) September 13. Local church groups here firm and in high spirits, even more so be­ Long supposedly solicited. Virginia Lee, against, and I 0 abstentions. held a vigil outside the courthouse that day cause they know that you are with them." Long's attorney, stated that Manns had a Unlike previous resolutions on Puerto to protest these arrests. Kunstler reported on one defense vic­ reason to go along with the cops in the case Rico, this one puts the struggle for Puerto These church groups are part of the tory, the release on bail of one prisoner, because the "Combat Zone [the local red- . Rican independence in the context of the Hartford committee. Other organizations Luz Berrfos Berrfos. light district, adjacent to Chinatown] is her general struggle of the people of Latin in the committee include the Connecticut "Your demonstrations, your protests," bread and butter .. . her very li velihood de­ America. The resolution states in part: chapter of the American Civil Liberties he said, "could make a big difference" on pends on thi s testimony ." "Conscious of the growing importance that Union, Puerto Rican Socialist Party (PSP), the treatment these fighters receive at the In other words fear of cop harassment the affirmation of its unity and its cultural Clergy and Laity Concerned, Estudiantes hands of the federal court. compelled her to back up Kelly. identity has for the people and nations of Hispano Universitario d e Connecticut, La The New York and Hartford committees Before the pressure of the case had Latin America, we reaffirm the inalienable Coalici6n pro Justicia en Central America, against repression are calling on all sup­ mounted, witnesses on the street stated right of the people of Puerto Rico to self­ and the Communist Party. porters of democratic rights to help in the Manns had shouted to Kelly, "that's the determination and independence . . . . " Herminia Cruz, a member of the PSP defense effort. Funds are especially needed wrong man!" In another important diplomatic victory and the Hartford Committee Against Re­ to help pay for travel from Puerto Rico for Kelly's departmental suspension came for the Puerto Rican independence forces, pression, told the activists at the September defense witnesses and the families of the as the result of- a police hearing, which the Eighth Ministerial Conference of the 13 protest that a broad defense was being prisoners . For information on how you can public protests forced open, allowing tes­ Movement of Non-aligned Countries, organized. Many people in the United help, call the New York Committee timony from Long and other witnesses. which met September 2- 8 in Angola, reaf­ States, she said, were outraged by this Against Repression at (212) 538-0988, or The cop will be able to return to the police firmed its support for the independence of "violation of the civil rights · of Puerto the Hartford committee at (203) 523-7428. force in a year. He loses $35,000 in salary Puerto Rico.

8 The Militant _September 27, 1985 Boston: court supervision of schools ends

BY JON HILLSON Garrity's departure leaves hundreds of BOSTON- Control of the Boston pub­ orders in place representing the legal lic school system was returned to the Bos­ framework of desegregation . This includes ton School Committee September 3 by a permanent injunction against the school Federal District Judge W. Arthur Garrity. department and school committee prohibit­ This ended II years of court supervision, ing racial discrimination or "promoting or one of the longest -such tenures in U.S. his­ maintaining segregation in any school or tory. facility in the Boston public school sys­ Garrity assumed the reins of the system tem." in 1974 after finding the school committee Attorneys for the Black plaintiffs, in­ guilty of denying the constitutional rights cluding Thomas Atkins, had urged Garrity of Black students by illegally maintaining a to give partial control of the system to the separate, inferior school system for them. Massachusetts state board of higher educa­ He ordered a busing plan to eliminate tion. Attorneys for El Comite de Padres this racist "dual" school system. The court had opposed any return of control to the order came after a struggle for equal rights Boston School Committee. was first launched by the Black community Garrity's final orders gave board powers in the early 1960s. The September 1974 to the Boston School Committee to make desegregation plan was-met by racist mob "modifications" of the desegregation plan. action against Black students being bused But with the condition that such changes do to previously all-white areas. not violate the final orders, including the Behind such violence was years of offi­ injunction against segregation. cial resistance to school desegregation, a Despite changes in the composition of resistance organized by the Boston city the school committee, though, recent de­ government, local Democratic Party of­ velopments make clear that what will give ficeholders, and their white patronage this injunction teeth is vigilant action by all cronies. defenders of equal rights. But it did not stop Black students from In late July this year the school commit­ boarding the buses. It instead spurred a tee, including .its chair, John Nucci, voted powerful response from Boston's Bl

September 27, 1985 The Militant 9 Louisville Blacks protest racist violence BY CHUCK PETRIN Church, spray-painting the outside walls "shouldn't get involved." LOUISVILLE, Ky. - Racist vig­ with racist epithets, Nazi swastikas, and Referring to the attacks on Buress and ilantes, emboldened by government inac­ the letters "KKK." - her children, she said she thought most of tion, are escalating a campaign of terrorist At a hastily called rally August 25, an ad the neighborhood - which includes eight attacks here aimed at driving Black hoc committee opposing the attacks re­ other Black families in a circle of about families out of predominantly white neigh­ newed demands for government action. fifty homes - were "against this sort of borhoods. "What we are seeing are not 'isolated inci­ thing ." But she added that many were in­ The attacks began June '30 with a fire­ dents' but a rising tide of racist violence," timidated from speaking out by the threat bombing that severely damaged the home said Mattie Jones, representing the Ken­ of violence. of Robert and Martha Marshall . The Mar­ tucky Alliance Against Racist and Political "It's just one white family that's starting shalls, who are Black, had recently moved Repression. "We need action against these this whole thing," she said. ''I'm out here from Louisville to a suburban housing de­ crimes and against the atmosphere that today to let them know I'm not scared! If velopment in southwest Jefferson County. breeds them." Placards at the rail y em­ this thing doesn't stop now, it's going to After suffering constant harassment from phasized the point: "Sloane and Erhler, we escalate." neighborhood toughs, there was no mistak- are here today because your ignoring racist No further protest activities are planned . ing the message late that night when some­ crime has provoked its stay." And "Stop at this time. The Ad Hoc Committee one tossed a Molotov cocktail through their 1 racist bombings in South Africa, Central Against Racist Violence is requesting that son's bedroom window. Militant/Phi.) ~~Jf America, and Louisville." . the U.S. Justice Department investigate the Mattie Jones, of the Kentucky Alliance Despite angry protests by supporters of Jones said that government officials had attacks, but there has been no response to Against Racist and Political Repression, Black rights, city and county officials re­ "failed to deliver" on promises to uphold date . The NAACP announced August 26 , speaks at protest against racist fire­ fused to treat the attack as anything more Black rights. "We placed our trust, our following a meeting with County Judge bombing. than a routine case of arson. Three white confidence, our vote in Mayor Sloane ," Erhler, that it WOI.!ld "continue to monitor youths were rounded up as suspects, with she said. "What has he done about these the activities and to work closely with [the the cops insisting "all the available evi­ abandoned since the June 30 firebombing, crimes? Nothing." county judge· s] office and the police de­ dence" belied a racist motive. Both Louis­ was gutted by yet another blaze. Hours ear­ About 70 people participated in the partment." ville Mayor Harvey Sloane and Jefferson lier, just two blocks away, the KKK had rally, which was held at the fire- and bul­ No arrests have been made in any of the County Judge Executive Bremer Ehrler staged a rally threatening Blacks to "stay let-scarred home of Carlotta Buress. attacks since the Marshall firebombing. pronounced the firebombing "an isolated away from neighborhoods where they are Among those attending was Patsy Payne, a Jefferson County Police Chief Russell incident." not welcome." white neighbor and friend of Buress. Payne McDaniel says the cops are "diligently in­ It was not to be. Within days the Ku Meanwhile at the opposite e.nd of the told the Militant she was glad to join the vestigating" but that "we still don't believe Klux Klan announced a public defense county in rural Prospect, Kentucky, twp rally to show her support, in spite of warn­ we have serious racial problems in the campaign for those arrested, going door­ white youths hit the Green Castle Baptist ings from some other neighbors that she county." to-door in the Marshalls' neighborhood to raise money for legal expenses. While de­ nying any direct involvement in the fire­ bombing, the Klan hoped to drum up sup­ Greensboro socialist runs for mayor port for what it called an "understandable" act of terror. BY ROSE HENRY Carolina National Bank, which operate in the replacement of the government of the Then on July 24, racist vandals struck a GREENSBORO, N.C. -The only cim­ this city, are responsible for propping up rich with a government of workers and Black-owned beauty shop in an area bor­ didate for mayor of this city who is addres­ the brutal white minority government in farmers that would reorganize society to dering segregated Black and white city sing the issues of concern to Greensboro's Pretoria. Our city should be on record de­ meet the needs of working people. neighborhoods, busting out the front win­ working people is Phil Duzinski, a textile manding: 'Boycott South Africa! Not one The campaign announcement was dows. Black workers from several predo­ worker and a member of the Young penny for apartheid!' " covered by two television stations, the minantly white neighborhoods in the Socialist Alliance. In addition to Gilbarco and NCNB, .R.J. local Black radio station, and Greensboro's county began reporting stepped-up harass­ In announcing his campaign, Duzinski Reynolds, the tobacco company, has ex­ weekly Black newspaper, as well as the ment of their families , including van­ said, "Twenty-five years ago, Greensboro tensive holdings in South Africa. The Uni­ city's daily paper, the News and Record. dalism, egg-throwing, and cries of "nig­ led the way by sparking the sit-ins which versity of North Carolina system, includ­ The daily noted that Duzinski wore a "Free ger." helped to abolish Jim Crow segregation in ing the University of North Carolina at Nelson Mandela" ribbon, underscoring the On August 19, the home of Carlotta the South. Today we can again fulfill a his­ Greensboro, has investments in numerous centrality of the South Africa issue to his Buress and her six children was set on fire toric role by taking the lead in the fight to companies doing business in South Africa. campaign. in southeast Jefferson County when end the racist system of segregation in It has over $800,000 invested in apartheid. gasoline was thrown onto a window and ig­ South Africa- apartheid. Duzinski explained that the drive for nited; two days later someone fired a pellet "I am campaigning for the divestiture of profit by the ruling rich of Greensboro and gun through her rear-door window. all Greensboro-based funds from South Af­ all across the United States is also the The latest "incidents" took pl'ace on the rica. Profit-hungry corporations, like Gil­ source of the war being waged against the night of August 24. The Marshall home, barco (a subsidiary of Exxon) and North Central American people and of the pov­ erty and unemployment faced by working people here. One local television station quoted Do you know someone who reads Spanish? Duzinski as saying he is campaigning to "make Greensboro a union town." The city 'PM' campaigns against apartheid is known as "a haven for the class of em­ ployers and bankers who thrive off the low wages and inadequate social services we There has been a change in receive." South African politics in the last He pointed out the role the unions need several weeks. The struggle has to play in the fight against apartheid and in deepened. The stakes have gone the struggle for social change in the United up. The modern slavemasters States. As an activist in the Amalgamated have become more isolated. i Romper lazos de EU Clothing and Textile Workers Union, Those events have resulted in a Duzinski is urging working people in significant change in U.S. politics con Sudafrica racista! Greensboro to take a step toward building a as well. Anti-apartheid protests * Negros luchan por tierra, derechos, libertad movement against the racist South African * 30 mil en NY marchan contra el apartheid and demonstrations are growing, * EU difama Ia lucha de liberacion sudafricana regime by participating in the national day and unions are increasingly in­ of protests against apartheid on October volved and taking the lead. Every II. . human being in this country has a Duzinski calls for a I 00 percent tax on responsibility to do everything all Greensboro corporations doing business they can to help accelerate this in South Africa and explains that such a tax process. could be used to create jobs, especially for Greensboro youth; low-cost housing; and The current issue of Perspectiva Phil Duzinski, Socialist Workers Party upgraded educational facilities. candidate for mayor of Greensboro, M undial is full of news and infor­ The socialist mayoral campaign calls for mation about the ongoing protests North Carolina. against apartheid in the United States. It also has extensive cover­ age of the recent convention of the iSuscr:ibete ahora! Socialist Workers Party and its N.Y. 8 + to be sentenced Oct. 1 decision to throw all the party's resources into the fight against Subscriptions: $16 for one B\' BRIAN WILLIAMS In early September, I spoke with Wanda NEW YORK -On October I in federal apartheid. year; $8 for six months; Intro­ Wareham about the current status of the ductory offer, $3.00 for three court in Manhattan, the New York 8 + de­ case . Wanda is the wife of NY8 + defen­ An important part of this fight months. fendants are scheduled to be sentenced on dant Roger Wareham. She was imprisoned is spreading the truth about the charges of possessing weapons and using from March 11 - June 17 for refusing totes­ false identification. tify before a grand jury set up to indict the racist South African regime and D Begin my sub with current In an important victory for democratic defendants. Seven other friends and about the Black liberation strug­ ISSUe. gle against it. Perspectiva Mun­ rights, the jury acquitted the nine political spouses of the defendants were also incarc­ dial can play an important role as ~arne ------activists last August 5 of the major charges erated for up to seven months on similar the best source of the truth for Address ______they faced of conspiracy to commit rob­ civil contempt charges. the millions of Spanish-speaking beries and jailbreaks. Despite this victory, Wanda Wareham explained that the jury workers in this country. City/State/Zip eight of the nine defendants can still be acquitted the defendants because the acts -sentenced to 5-to-10-year prison terms for they were supposedly conspiring to com­ Help sell and distribute PM in Clip and mail to PM, 408 West St., the lesser charges on which they were con­ mit were never committed. The jury didn't your workplace and community. ~ew York, ~y 10014. victed. The prosecuting attorney has made believe the contradictory testimony of the it clear that he's pushing for maximum sen­ prosecution's main witness, government tences. Continued on Page 12

10 The Militant September 27, 1985 Crisis grows for Marcos regime in Philippines

The following article is taken from the military officers and cabinet officials. September 6 Socialist Action, a socialist These different options being considered biweekly published in Auckland, New by Marcos reflect the growing crisis facing Zealand. his regime today . As one member of Mar­ cos' caucus told reporters in July, ''I've BY ANDY JARVIS never seen the president panicked until Thousands of Filipinos waving flags and now." banners marched through the Philippine Marcos and his family have ruled the capital Manila on August 21 to mark the Philippines for the past 20 years. In 1973 second anniversary of the murder of oppos­ he placed the country under martial law. ition leader Benigno Aquino. This was one Although martial law was lifted in 1981, of many activities in Manila and through­ Marcos retains dictatorial powers. out the Philippines during August to com­ memorate Aquino's assassination at Man­ Allies alarmed ila airport in 1983, and to demonstrate con­ Marcos' imperialist allies are growing tinuing opposition to the regime of Presi­ increasingly alarmed at the course of dent Ferdinand Marcos. events in the Philippines. The August rallies and marches fol­ Military repression has failed to quell the lowed on the success of large anti-govern­ growing guerrilla insurgency in the coun­ ment protests in over 15 centers to mark In­ tryside. Government officials recently ac­ dependence Day on June 12. knowledged that the New People's Army, Girl at left protests Philippines' huge foreign debt, now more than $26 billion. At As opposition to his rule continues, there the military wing of the banned Communist right, mass anti-Marcos demonstrations in 1984 marked first anniversary of assassi­ is ongoing rumor and speculation that Mar­ Party of the Philippines, is operating in 62 nation of Benigno Aquino. Similar actions were again held August 21 this year. cos is considering calling a snap presiden­ of the country's 73 provinces. tial election this year, before his current The NPA clearly has widespread support six-year term ends in May 1987. This pos­ and sympathy among the rural population. sonal wealth . Last month _it was revealed his bourgeois opponents inside the Philip­ sibility was raised by Marcos himself at a More recently, it has extended its military that the Marcos family had invested some pines, is the threat of a social and political explosion that Marcos' shaky rule may not meeting of his government caucus in July . actions into a number of major cities, in~ $US766 million in real estate in the U.S. eluding the area around Manila. and Europe. be able to contain. CIA visit Newsweek magazine claims that the Jaime Cardinal Sin, the head of the According to Newsweek magazine, NPA fighters are killing nearly I 00 soldiers Opposition growing Philippine Catholic church, reflected the United States Central Intelligence Agency a month. Charges of corruption and nepotism fears of these circles when he declared in Director William Casey had strongly urged In the cities and industrial centers, a new have long been directed at Marcos. Today, August that the task "is to prevent· the that early elections be held when he visited militant union movement has emerged over he faces broad mass opposition to the con­ threat of civil war which hangs over our Marcos for secret discussions in May . the past few years. Recent months have tinuation of his ·rule, including from within heads." A new mandate might help restore the seen a rash of strike struggles, often in­ Philippine ruling circles. Cardinal Sin has been calling for an end regime's credibility with foreign investors volving violent clashes with the cops and The past two years, since the assassina­ to "presidential dictatorship" and a return and Western politicians, Casey is reported army . tion of Aquino, have seen ongoing mass to "genuine democracy." to have argued . The Philippines' economy has been street demonstrations in Manila and other Other reports indicate that Marcos is going through its most severe crisis in 30 centers against the regime. Impea_chment considering re-imposing martial law in the years . This is intensifying the burden on Marcos' response to date has been to dig On August 13 the legal opposition in the Philippines. The Far Eastern Economic the mass of workers and farmers, who al­ his toes in . He has refused to tolerate even national assembly (parliament) filed a reso­ Review reports that Marcos planned to call ready suffer conditions of extreme poverty. moderate criticism and has rejected even lution calling for Marcos' impeachment on a state of emergency in early July in re­ In contrast, Marcos and his family and the most cosmetic political reforms. charges of "graft and corruption, culpable sponse to growing labor unrest, but was relatives have used their dictatorial politi­ What worries the U.S. government and violation of the constitution, [and] gross dissuaded from doing so by a number of cal powers to accumulate immense per- Marcos' other imperialist allies, as well as violation of his oath of office and other high crimes." Signed by all but two of the 57 opposi­ tion assembly members, the impeachment Disruption suit settled by Honeywell, FBI resolution was sent to a committee domi­ nated by Marcos' ruling Kilusang Bagong BY MAGGIE PERRIER American Friends Service Committee, were obtained confirming that the FBI had Lipunan (KBL) Party, where it was MINNEAPOLIS - Last spring, the Clergy and Laity Concerned, and others. used electronic surveillance, slander cam­ promptly dismissed. Honeywell Corp. and the FBI settled a With support from the American Civil paigns, paid informers, and provocateurs nearly decade-old suit filed against them Liberties Union, these groupings and seven against the antiwar activists. ·•· In response to the growing unrest in the for illegally violating the rights of the Hon­ individuals filed suit against the FBI and Davidov said the disruption campaign Philippines, the Reagan administration has eywell Project and other opponents of the Honeywell after evidence became avail­ was initiated at the suggestion of Hon­ moved to increase U.S. military aid to the Vietnam War. able that they had been targeted for an FBI eywell's security chief, a former FBI Marcos regime. In July, a joint committee Recently, Marv Davidov, a longtime Cointelpro operation because of their pro­ agent. of the U.S. House of Representatives and member of the Honeywell Project, dis­ tests against Honeywell. Cointelpro was One FBI memo, dated April I, 1-970, au­ the Senate agreed to provide $70 million in cussed the case with the Militant. FBI lingo for the Bureau's illegal dirty thorized its Minneapolis office to infiltrate military aid for 1986 as well as $110 mil­ During the Vietnam War, Honeywell, a tricks program. Labelled "counterintelli­ the Honeywell Project in order to give in­ lion in economic aid. Reagan had origi­ major war contractor, had been singled out gence," the program was designed to dis- formation about a slated demonstration to nally proposed granting $100 million in by the Honeywell Project and others for its . rupt and if possible wreck organizations the the Honeywell Corp . military aid. production of deadly cluster bombs, which government didn't like. · Letters between the company and the were used indiscriminately against civilian In this case, the FBI worked in coopera­ FBI reflected a joint concern over the effect U.S. involvement populations in Indochina. tion with the Honeywell Corp. antiwar pickets were having on Hon­ The $180 million package is part of $900 Large protest actions were organized by In an eight-year pretrial discovery proc­ eywell's corporate image and profits. million committed to Manila by the U.S. the Honeywell Project, along with the ess, hundreds of secret FBI documents Later, in 1976, Clarence Kelly, then FBI for the years 1985-90 in exchange for "un:.. director, tried to justify the agency's dirty hampered use" of U.S. military bases in tricks against the Honeywell Project and the Philippines. other antiwar activists on the ground that There are 15,000 U.S. servicemen on Education Dept. ends demand for they "espoused violence in pursuit of their active duty at Clark air base and Subic Bay goals." naval base. Recently, U.S. special forces, draft registration verification This, he claimed, gave the FBI the right the Green Berets, have been exercising to protect the war contractor. there, and there are reports of U.S. person­ The violence charge was patently false, nel operating with the Philippine armed The U.S. Education Department an­ More than 300,000 students were re­ since, as Davidov notes, "The Honeywell forces in actions against the NPA guerrillas nounced September II that it is dropping a ported to have registered after the law went Project was strictly a nonviolent organiza­ and the rural population. rule requiring colleges to verify that male into effect. tion." students receiving federal aid have regis­ The provision was opposed by student, U.S. government policy towards the However, Davidov and· the other defen­ tered for the draft. Students applying for civil liberties, antiwar, and antidraft Philippines - a former U.S . colony - dants are convinced that one aim of the FBI aid will still have to sign a statement that groups. Some college and university ad­ was outlined in a recently leaked State De­ campaign against them was to create the they have registered. ministrations objected to being used to partment document that was the basis for a image of a violent group. The Education Department asserted that police draft registration. major policy review. The document, the rule, which was to go into effect this He recalled an April 1970 demonstration signed by President Reagan in January, On September 10, David A. Wayte, 24, fall , was dropped after a spot check indi­ at the time of Honeywell's annual says that the U.S. administration should was sentenced to six months of house arrest cated that 98 percent of youth have regis­ shareholders' meeting when 3,000 protes­ walk a "thin line" between maintaining a for refusing to register. Except in emergen­ tered. It warned that the rule may be reins­ ters gathered at the Honeywell headquar­ dialogue with the opposition, while sup­ cies, he will be confined to his house. In a tituted if it is determined that "student com­ ters . porting Marcos and trying "to influence - further violation of W ayte' s democratic pliance is no longer satisfactory." A violent incident did occur at that time him through a well-orchestrated policy of rights, the judge barred the former Yale The rule stemmed from a 1982 law bar­ even though the Honeywell Project had 60 incentives and disincentives." University student from continuing his ring federal assistance to college students trained volunteers to marshal the protest Increasingly, however, the capitalist work with the homeless and disabled. - who have not registered. A July 1984 Su­ and ensure it remained orderly and peace­ media is raising openly the possibility of a preme Court decision upheld the law as a The court can impose a maximum sen­ ful. more direct future military involvement in means of pressuring youth to sign up for tence of five years in prison and a $10,000 "That afternoon, most of our people had the Philippines by the U.S. and its im­ the draft. fine for refusal to register. Continued on Page 12 perialist allies.

September 27, 1985 The Militant 11 -· CALENDAR'------~------ALABAMA Speaker: Susanna Ounei, leader of Kanak NEW YORK WASHINGTON Socialist Liberation Front and founder of Kanak Birmingham and. Exploited Women in Struggle. Mon., Sept. Manhattan Seattle Break With Racist South Africa! Speakers 23, 6:30 p.m. American Indian Center, 1530 Defend the Puerto Rican lndependentistas A Speak-out Against Apartheid. Speakers: and videotape showing of Adapt or Die, a film Franklin Ave . E. Ausp: Susanna Ounei Tour Against the FBI.Speakers: Artemio Camacho, representative of Seattle Coalition Against on Black trade unions in South Africa. Sat., Committee. For more information call (612) member of Socialist Workers Party; Pedro Al­ Apartheid; Charles Redus, National Black Sept. 21, 7:30p.m. 205 18th St. S. Donation: 827- 5364 or 644-3993. bizu Meneses, son of Pedro Albizu Campos, United Front; Abdul Haqq Muhammed, minis­ $2. Ausp: Militant Labor Forum. For more in­ Independence Struggle in New Caledonia. founder of modem independence movement; ter of the Nation of Islam; Harvey Brooks, vice­ formation call (205) 323-3075 , Speakers: Susanna Ounei , leader of Kanak representative of Committee Against Repres­ president of Washington Federation of State Socialist National Liberation Front and founder sion. Translation to Spanish. Fri, Sept. 27, 7:30 Employees Local 435; Joe Fein , member CALIFORNIA of Kanak and Exploited Women in Struggle; p.m. 79 Leonard St. Donation: $2. Ausp: Mili­ Socialist Workers Party and International San Francisco Kitty Duma , representative of Perspectives on tant Labor Forum. For more information call Asociation of Machinists Lodge 751 . Sat., Unions and the Fight Against Apartheid. South Africa; Vernon Bellecourt, representative (212) 226-8445. Sept. 21. 7:30p.m. 5517Rainier Ave. S. Dona­ Speaker: Tozamile Botha, admnistrative assis­ of American Indian Movement. Wed. , Sept. Life and Democracy in Chile. An ecumenical tion: $2. Aus"p: Militant Labor Forum. For more tant to the National Executive Committee of the 25, 7 p.m. Newman Center, 1701 University service: plus video , slideshow. and panel of information call (206) 723-5330. South African Congress of Trade Unions. Ave. SE. Donation: $2 . Ausp: Susanna Ounei speakers . Translation to Spanish . Sun., Sept. Translation to Spanish. Sun ., Sept. 22, 4:30 Tour Committee. For more information call 29 , 2:30 p.m. Judson Memorial Church. 55 p.m. Service Employees International Union (612) 644-3993 . Washington Square. Ausp: Ad Hoc Coalition - Salvador Allende. WASHINGTON D.C. Hall, 240 Golden Gate . Donation requested. Tiempo de Audacia (Time of Daring). Video For more information call (415) 550-6743. St. Paul showing of El Salvador's Radio Yenceremos Farmers in Nicaragua: An Eyewitness Ac~ War and Crisis in Latin America: Behind the film , with presentation by representative of count. Speaker: Lisa Ahlberg. participant in re­ NORTH CAROLINA Foreign Debt. Speaker: Bill Gottlieb, Socialist Casa El Salvador. Translation to Spanish. Sat. , Workers Party. Translation to Spanish. Fri ., cent North American Farm Alliance tour of Nic­ Greensboro Sept. 21, 7:30p.m. 3106Mt. Pleasant St. NW . aragua, member of Socialist Workers Party. Sept. 27, 7:30p.m. 3284 23 St. Donation: $2. Pornography and Women's Rights. Sun., Donation: $2. Ausp: Militant Labor Forum. For Ausp: Militant Forum. For more information Sun ., Sept. 22, 4 p.m. 508 N Snelling. Dona­ Sept. 29, 5 p.m. 2219 E Market St. Donation : more .information call (202) 797-7699. call (415) 282-6255. tion: $2. Ausp: Militant Labor Forum . For more $2 . Ausp: Militant Labor Forum . For more in­ information call (612) 644-6325. Support the Freedom Struggle in South Af­ Behind the Scare Campaign Against AIDS formation call (919) 272-5996. rica! A panel discussion. Speakers: representa­ Victims. Translation to Spanish. Fri., Oct. 4, tive of African National Congress of South Af­ 7:30p.m. 3284 23 St. Donation: $2. Ausp: Mil­ rica; James Winfield, member Young Socialist itant Forum. For more information call (415) MISSOURI PENNSYLVANIA Alliance National Committee; representative of 282-6255. St. Louis Philadelphia Northern Virginians Against Apartheid; repre­ San Jose South Africa Freedom Struggle. A film his­ Lebanon: Who Are the Real Terrorists? sentative of Southern Africa Support Project. Labor United Against Apartheid Rally- An tory: GenerationsofResistance. Sun., Sept. 22, Translation to Spanish. Sat. , Sept. 21 , 7:30 Translation to Spanish. Sun ., Sept. 29, 7 p.m. Evening in Solidarity With South African 7 p.m. 3109 S Grand, Room 22. Donation: $2 . p.m. 2744 Germantown Ave. Donation: $2. 3106 Mt. Pleasant St. NW. Donation: $2. Trade Unionist Tozamile Botha. Translation Ausp: Militant Labor Forum. For more infor­ Ausp: Militant Labor Forum. For more infor­ Ausp: Militant Labor Forum. For more infor­ to Spanish. Tue., Sept. 24. Reception, 6 p.m. ; mation·call (314) 772-4410. mation call (215) 225-0213 . mation call (202) 797-7699. rally, 7 p.m. Labor Temple, 2102 Almaden Rd. Ausp: Santa Clara Central Labor Council, United Farm Workers, and others. GEORGIA New York 8+ face sentencing Oct. 1 Atlanta March Against Apartheid. Sat., Sept. 28, Continued from Page 10 case. If the trial does occur, then legally all Jem Fightback; Ana Lopez, Committee to 10:30 a.m. from Fulton County Stadium to informer Howard Bonds. The testimony by the grand jury victims and NY8 + defen­ Defend Puerto Rican Prisoners of War; and Richard Russell Federal Building. Ausp: At­ numerous FBI and NYC police undercover dants can be subpoenaed to testify. If they others. lanta Chapter NAACP. For more information agents who were involved in a massive 22- refuse, they could be thrown back in jail. The NY8 + Defense Committee has call (404) 349-7496. month surveillance and harassment cam­ On August 17, the defendants sponsored been circulating petitions demanding that a victory rally attended by 250 people at St. Judge Robert Carter not sentence any of·the MINNESOTA paign against the defendants also had little impact. Most importantly, many people James Presbyterian Church in upper Man­ defendants to jail terms. The petitions will Minneapolis throughout the city learned about the polit­ hattan. Speakers included: attorney Len­ be turned in to the judge the week before Independence Struggle in New Caledonia. ical nature of the trial and opposed the gov­ nox Hinds; Elombe Brath, Patrice the scheduled sentencing date. ernment's frame-up charges. Lumumba Coalition; Father Larry Lukas of Supporters are urged to be at the court­ All the defendants were fired from their the Resurrection Church; Fred Newman, house Tuesday morning October I at I 0 Progress toward fusion jobs immediately after being arrested last New Alliance Party; Jim Haughton, Har- a .m . at 40 Centre St., Rm. 518. October. Some even received termination Continued from P-age 6 letters from their employers the day after Farabundo Marti People' s Liberation their arrest. These letters were sent both to Forces- Prolonged People's War. The their homes and their jail cells. The defen­ Honeywell, FBI settle suit group has taken responsibility for some dants plan to fight for the right to their jobs kidnappings and shootings of government and for. the benefits they are entitled to. Continued from Page 11 Jives of the informers would be in danger. figures in the capital city of San Salvador. During the past month, the New York been admitted to the shareholders' meet­ After this, Davidov explained, the plain­ 8 + defendants and supporters have con­ ing," Davidov said. "Then Honeywell se­ tiffs decided to take a financial settlement Imperialist press divisions tinued to participate in political activities, curity, which was really heavy, closed the rather than try to pursue the case further be­ The response in the U.S. big-business including protests against the South Afri­ doors to the building. cause "without the informers we really press to the report on the FMLN's ad­ can apartheid regime. T-shirts in solidarity "Then people we had never seen before couldn't find out what they had done to vances toward fusion was to downplay it. with the NY8 + defendants were quite vis­ - and were never to see again - threw us." The Washington Post. Wall Street Journal, ible at the August 28 emergency picket line beer bottles through the door, and an They were also concerned, he added, and Christian Science Monitor all ran arti­ of 250 in front of New York's South Afri­ American flag, and then people rushed the that the judge might drop Honeywell from cles that emphasized the history of differ­ can mission. door. the case before it got to a jury. ences among the various groups. The head­ In early 'ugust, two of the remaining "At that point the Minneapolis police or­ So, last April , they agreed to a settle­ line-of the Wall Street Journal article, for grand jury victims, Olive Armstrong and dered everyone to disperse, which created ment under which Honeywell and the fed­ example; was, "Salvador Rebels Unite; Jackie Bernard, were released. However, a very tense situation. But finally the cops eral government each paid $35,000 to the Woes Remain." harassment from the grand juries is far were called off. plaintiffs. A key part of the U.S. -backed war from over. The government is currently ap­ "The picture that went out around the Of the $35,000 from the government, against the Salvadoran rebel forces has pealing the release of grand jury victim country on TV and in the press, though, $15,000 was used to pay legal fees and the been to put obstacles in the way of the Milton Parish and has threatened to resub­ was the picture of the broken door. We be­ rest distributed among the plaintiffs. process of unification of the FMLN and to poena Wand a Ware ham before a new lieve that was what the feds wanted." It was decided that the entire amount maximize divisions. grand jury this fall. During the pretrial stage of the suit, a from Honeywell would be contributed to But despite this, and the massive in­ One of the original defendants, CoHette judge ordered the FBI to make the names an American Friends Service Committee crease in firepower and advisers that Wash­ Pean, had her case separated out from the of key informers available to the plaintiffs' project called, "Shovels for Laos." ington has poured into El Salvador, the others when it was revealed that her court­ lawyers. Since the end of the war, thousands of rebel forces and the broader workers' and appointed attorney was not legally qual­ Even though the ruling was upheld in an people have been killed in Laos, Kampu­ peasants' movement has not been crushed. ified to practice law. It's unclear if the gov­ appeal, the FBI flatly refused to comply chea, and Vietnam from cluster bombs that In fact, it is moving forward. ernment slill plans to prosecute Pean's with it, using the fake argument that the remain unexploded in the ground. -IF YOU LIKE THIS PAPER, LOOK US UP..,______.;_ __

Where to find the Socialist Workers Party, GEORGIA: Atlanta: SWP, YSA, 504 Flat NEW JERSEY: Newark: SWP, YSA, 141 Dallas: SWP, YSA, 132 N. Beckley Ave., Zip: Young Socialist Alliance, and socialist Shoals Ave . SE. Zip: ·30316. Tel: (404) 577- Halsey. Zip: 07102. Tel: (201) 643-3341. 75203 . Tel: (214) 943-5195. Houston: SWP, bookstores. 4065 . NEW YORK: Capital District (Albany): YSA, 4806 Almeda. Zip: 77004. Tel: (713) ILLINOIS: Chicago: SWP, YSA, 3455 S SWP, YSA, 352 Central Ave. 2nd floor. Zip: 522-8054. ALABAMA: Birmingham: SWP, YSA, Michigan Ave . Zip: 60616. Tel: (312) 326-5853 12206. Tel: (518) 434-3247 . New York: SWP, UTAH: Price: SWP, YSA, 23 S .. Carbon 205 18th St. S. Zip: 35233. Tel: (205) 323- or 326-5453. YSA, 79 Leonard St. Zip: 10013. Tel: (212) Ave. , Suite 19, P.O. Box 758. Zip: 84501. Tel: 3079. KENTUCKY: Louisville: SWP, YSA, 809 219-3679 or 925-1668. (801) 637-6294. Salt Lake City: SWP, YSA, ARIZONA: Phoenix: SWP, YSA, 3750 E. Broadway . Zip: 40204. Tel: (502) 587-8418. NORTH CAROLINA: Greens.boro: SWP, 767 S. State, 3rd floor. Zip: 84111. Tel: (801) West McDowell Road #3. Zip: 85009. Tel: LOUISIANA: New Orleans: SWP, YSA , YSA, 2219 E Market. Zip: 27401. Tel : (919) 355-1124. (602) 272-4026. 3207 Dublin St. Zip: 70118. Tel: (504) 486- 272-5996. VIRGINIA: Tidewater Area (Newport CALIFORNIA: Los Angeles: SWP, YSA , 8048. OHIO: Cincinnati: SWP, YSA, 4945 Pad­ News): SWP, YSA, 5412 Jefferson Ave ., Zip 2546 W. Pico Blvd . Zip: 90006. Tel: (213) 380- MARYLAND: Baltimore: SWP, YSA, 2913 dock Rd. Zip: 45237. Tel: (513) 24.2-7161. 23605. Tel: (804) 380-0133. 9460. Oakland: SWP, YSA, 3808 E 14th St. Greenmount Ave. Zip: 21218 . Tel: (301) 235- Cleveland: SWP, YSA, 15105 St. Clair Ave. . WASHINGTON, D.C.: SWP, YSA, 3106 · Zip: 94601. Tel: (415) 261-3014. San Diego: 0013. Zip: 44110. Tel: (216) 451-6150. Columbus: Mt. Pleasant St. NW. Zip: 20010. Tel: (202) SWP, YSA, 1053 15th St. Zip: 92101 . Tel: MASSACHUSETTS: Boston: SWP, YSA, YSA, P.O. Box 02097. Zip: 43202. Toledo: 797-7699. (619) 234-4630. San Francisco: SWP, YSA, 510 Commonwealth Ave ., 4th Floor. Zip: SWP, YSA, 1701 W Bancroft St. Zip: 43606. WASHINGTON: Seattle: SWP, YSA, 3284 23rd St. Zip: 94110. Tel: (415) 282-6255. 02215 . Tel: (617) 262-4621 . Tel: (419) 536-0383. 5517 Rainier Ave. South. Zip: 98118 . Tel: San Jose: SWP, YSA , 46'12 Race St. Zip: MICHIGAN: Detroit: SWP, YSA, 7146 W. OREGON: Portland: SWP, YSA, 2732 NE (206) 723-5330. 95126. Tel : (408) 998-4007. McNichols . Zip: 48221. Tel: (313) 862-7755. Union. Zip: 97212. Tel: (503) 287-7416. WEST VIRGINIA: Charleston: SWP, COLORADO: l>enver: SWP, YSA, 25 W MINNESOTA: Twin Cities: SWP, YSA, PENNSYLVANIA: Philadelphia: SWP, YSA, 611A Tennessee. Zip: 25302 . Tel: (304) 3rd Ave. Zip: 80223. Tel: (303) 698-2550. 508 N. Snelling Ave., St. PauL Zip: 55104. Tel: YSA, 2744 Germantown Ave . Zip: 19133. Tel : 345-3040. Morgantown: SWP, YSA, 221 FLORIDA: Miami: SWP, YSA, 137 NE (612) 644-6325. (215) 225-0213. Pittsburgh: SWP, YSA, 402 Pleasant St. Zip: 26505. Tel: (304) 296- 54th St. Mailing address: P.O. Box 370486. MISSOURI: Kansas City: SWP, YSA, N. Highland Ave. Zip: 15206. Tel : (412) 362- 0055. Zip: 33137 . Tel: (305)756-1020. Tallahassee: 4715A Troost. Zip: 64110. Tel: (816) 753- 6767. WISCONSIN: Milwaukee: SWP, YSA, YSA , P.O. Box 20715. Zip: 32316. Tel: (904) 0404. St. Louis: SWP, YSA , 3109 S. Grand , TEXAS: Austin:YSA, c/o Mike Rose, 7409 4707 W. Lisbon Ave. Zip: 53208. Tel: (414) 222-4434. #22. Zip: 63118. Tel: (314) 772-4410. Berkman Dr. Zip: 78752. TeL (512) 452-3923. 445-2076.

12 The Militant September 27, 1985 -THE GREAT SOCIETY------...;..______'Deliberate speed' - In the The wheels of justice- We're the $935 billion debt when he took Could jeopardize national se­ homemade soups. wake of last month's leak at the all equal before the law, right? office. curity - Coca-Cola is stonewal­ Union Carbide plant at Institute, Like the federal decision to fine, ling it on a judge's order to tum Decorating report - If we de­ W.Va., which hospitalized some not prosecute E. F. Hutton officials over the secret Coke formula. It's cide to get that electric towel Now will you listen? - De­ for a check-kiting swindle which needed in a suit by bottlers who warmer ("Adds luxury and com­ spite all the whoop-de-do about gave them short-term, interest­ want to know why they're paying fort to any bath"), we should ditch . $640 toilet seats, a Pentagon re­ free loans which some days $4.65 a gallon for Diet Coke syrup that old saucer we use for a soap port confirms that while war pro­ amounted to hundreds of millions a~ against $2.72 for the stuff that dish. A New York bath boutique is fiteers enjoy "equitable" profits, of dollars . Meanwhile, in a pre­ goes into the "new" and "old" featuring an open-fretwork brass their take is not excessive. The dawn Louisville raid, two men Coke. Theoretically, company of­ soap dish for $130. Or, a scallop­ Harry study was supervised by former were busted after a bakery break­ ficials could be jailed for defying shaped dish with gold finish, Deputy Undersecretary Mary Ann in which netted I 0 · loaves of the court's order, but this isn't $195. Soap extra. Ring Gilleece who quit last month after bread. Wonder what they'll get? considered likely. it was disclosed she was soliciting The march of culture - "Dis­ war contractors as clients for a cover the special excitement of the projected consulting firm . 135 people, OSHA announced its He's working on it - Re­ Dining tip -Campbell's will flashing lights, dramatic pop-ups very first full-scale inspection of member when Reagan cam­ market a line of refrigerated salads and the classic Christmas music the plant. Previous leaks resulted paigned in favor of a balanced From mayhem to murder - with a shelf life of up to 28 days. that may make this the most ex­ in "numerous" inspections that fo­ budget? He's now asked Congress A CIA recruitment ad offers, Look for them under the label, traordinary Christmas card ever cused on particular operations, to up the debt limit to a tad over $2 "Unique overseas assignments "Fresh Chef." They should go created." From American Ex­ OSHA said. trillion. That's more than double that challenge your every talent." nicely with Campbell's canned press. A box of 5, $35 . 'Poppie Nongena': inside apartheid's atrocities

BY JOHN VOTAVA leave her children behind so they can continue attending stop it until the changes are made." CHICAGO - "Poppie Nongena," a play with music school. Mokone was expelled from school in 1961 and then about South AfriCan Blacks, just had a two-month run Finally, though, while looking for her brother, who is worked for eight years as a clerk in the mines. In 1967, here. It offered dramatic insights into the meaning in accused of shooting a cop, the police arrest her four chil­ he was jailed for six months for advising coworkers to human terms of the terrible atrocities of apartheid - .dren. This is too much. Poppie decides to fight. "Let ask for more money. them tum the township into jails," she says. ''I'm not af­ He was a member of a forerunner of the Mine Labor raid to die." Organization and still maintains his union membership. One of the central points of the play is the coming to­ Responding to recent talk by Botha of reforms on re­ THEATER REVIEW gether, through experience, of the different layers of the strictions in factory employment, Mokone angrily said, Black population and a realization that there's no other "He's trying to tum people from the real issue. It's not from the smallest insults to the cruelest repression. way to achieve freedom than to fight for it. the right to this or that job. All changes are cosmetic until Poppie, the central figure, is Rachael to the whites. I talked to Tsepo Mokone, the actor who plays Plank, Black leaders are chosen by the Black community to gov­ Traditionally, whites have insisted they can't spend all one of Poppie's brothers. ern the country." day trying to pronounce the names of Black "heathens" He discussed some of the generational tensions pre­ Discussing the play, Mokone made the point that "art and, therefore, until the present generation ended the sented in the play. Black parents who worked so hard to will be a tool in the liberation struggle." practice, South African Blacks had second, Christian survive and to send their children to school in the hope of This certainly was exemplified by "Poppie Nongena." names. a better future for them felt that because the children Many in the audience felt much more aware of what didn't have this burden they didn't understand what was The young Poppie marries an older man with a little apartheid is and wanted to know what they could do to involved. The parents didn't understand the protests of land to grow some food on. But this is lost in one of the help fight it. the youth. many forced displacements of the Black population. The young people responded, what good is a Bantus­ Cast discussions were held, with one discussion after a Later, the family has to split up and Poppie only sees tan education that prepares you to be a servant for the performance led by Dennis Brutus; the exiled South Af­ her husband a few more times before he dies, mainly whites? rican anti-apartheid fighter who recently won a long fight from the exhaustion involved in just trying to stay alive. Now that feeling, dramatically developed step-by-step against a U.S. government drive to deport him. Poppie loses her right to live in Cape Town and is in the play, is widely shared by all sections of the Black "Poppie Nongena" is based on the novel by Elsa moved to another area. Later, because wages are a little population. Joubert, which is published by W.W. Norton. A cast higher in Cape Town, she moves back illegally, but must As Mokone put· it; "We run the country and we should album is available on Hannibal records.

Continued from back page rica." Other speakers at the rally included Rev. He ended by appealing to Falwell tore­ Howard Hans, a seminary student and na­ turn to South African President Botha and tive of South Africa. tell him that "justice delayed is justice de­ Following the rally, the protesters nied. The issue is not apartheid or com­ marched to Monument Terrace in down­ munism; the issue is democracy. Tell town Lynchburg, behind a coffin draped in Botha for me to let my people go!" Black with the word "apartheid" on it. A Many speakers defended Bishop Tutu. "funeral for apartheid" was held at the The names of Steve Biko, beaten to death monument. by the South African authorities, and Nel­ The day ended with a third rally of over son Mandela, imprisoned leader of the Af­ a thousand people, which featured Jesse rican National Congress, were applauded. Jackson as the keynote speaker. In an unexpected tum of events, the pas­ tor of Court Street Baptist Church an­ Marchers hungry for nounced that Jackson had met with Falwell and invited him to attend the rally and give anti-apartheid news remarks. The audience was reminded sev­ eral times that this was "God's house" and BY ROSE HENRY that everyone was welcome. LYNCHBURG, Va. - Participants in Falwell began by defending the fact that the anti-apartheid action here snapped up he had been a segregationist, saying every­ copies of the Militant and Young Socialist one else in Virginia had been a seg­ newspapers. They were eager to read the regationist too and this was what he had truth about the struggle in South Africa. been taught all his life. Several of the audi­ Socialists from Newport News, Vir­ ence yelled out "tokens!" when he proudly ginia, and Greensboro, North Carolina, proclaimed that today his church has 900 sold 60 copies of the Militant and 30 of the Black members out of 21 ,000. special South Africa issue of the Young In defending his stand on South Africa, Socialist, the monthly newspaper of the Young Socialist Alliance. YSA members Militant he explained, "While I don't support apart­ heid, I don't want to abandon South Africa also sold a number of Malcolm X T-shirts NAACP-organized demonstrators in streets of Lynchburg, Virginia. to a leftist government." He said we and a dozen "Divest now" buttons. couldn't be in favor of replacing a Batista For most of the protesters, this was their with a Castro or a Somoza with the San­ first chance to meet socialists and hear Kanak leader tours North Carolina dinistas in South Africa. socialist ideas. The literature table from the Jackson responded to Falwell's anticom­ Greensboro Militant Bookstore was a wel­ Continued from back page Record, the major daily in this city; and. the munist remarks by saying that he thought come sight to many who asked when the anti-apartheid movement. other with the Carolina Peacemaker, the communism was a "Godless, materialistic socialists would be returning to Lynchburg She expressed her complete support for city's weekly Black community newspa­ ideology." But, he went on to say, Hitler, or visiting Roanoke or Richmond. the freedom struggle being waged by the per. Mussolini, and "our slave masters" in the Nearly $100 of socialist books and pam­ Black majority in South Africa. She Along with getting out the truth about U.S. were not communists and that the phlets were bought, the most popular being pointed out that the current upturn in that the freedom struggle in New Caledonia, challenge in South Africa is to defeat the speeches by Malcolm X. The bookstore struggle has put the Kanaky people in a Ounei's tour also aims to raise moJ;ley to apartheid regime. also sold out of the six copies of Ernest better position to fight and win their own fund the establishment of a Kanak radio Jackson said that the most important way Harsch's South Africa: White Rule, Black independence. station and newspaper to combat the lies of to fight apartheid was through economic Revolt that it had brought to the march. Another important aspect of the tour the French-controlled media on the island. sanctions. He said apartheid rests on profits Dozens of people took catalogs of here were two newspaper interviews Ounei During her two days in this state, she raised and "if you take the profits out of apart­ socialist literature and two decided to stay had, one with the Greensboro News and almost $150 toward this goal. heid, you can kill the cancer in South Af- in touch by subscribing to the Militant.

September 27, 1985 The Militant 13 -EDITORIALS------Cuba's solidarity with Puerto Rico's Protest FBI raids in Puerto.Rico independence fight The FBI's recent arrests of 14 Puerto Rican indepen­ and women's rights and Black rights fighters. dence activists in Puerto Rico and the United States for This attack is especially outrageous since it involved BY ANDREA GONZALEZ their alleged particiption in a 1983 robbery of a Wells the FBI entering Puerto Rico, an island that the U.S. gov­ After the FBI raided the homes and offices of Puerto Fargo armored truck represents a dangerous.threat to the ernment claims is an autonomous state. This raid exposes Rican independence fighters, the people of Puerto Rico democratic rights of all working people. Puerto Rico's true status as a colony of the United States. mobilized to protest th is attack (see story page 8). In an In this attack the FBI, with the help of the U.S. armed This type of violation of democratic rights by U.S. forces in Puerto Rico, seized II people. FBI agents held cops, however, is not unusual. Richard Held, the FBI them incommunicado for several days at undisclosed lo­ agent who organized the raids in Puerto Rico, has been cations. responsible for similar attacks on the Black and Native OUR The political police refused to let them talk to their American movements in this country in the past. legal counsel. In the course of the raids, the FBI stole re­ Nor are these types of attacks simply part of history. REVOLUTIONARY cords of the Legal Service Union and closed down Pen­ Similar paramilitary raids in New York City led to the ar­ samiento Crftico, a magazine that supports independence rest of eight Blacks and one Puerto Rican in I 984. These for Puerto Rico. acti vists, known as the New York 8 + , were charged HERITAGE When supporters of democratic rights peacefully and with conspiracy to commit robberies and jailbreaks. But legally protested the raids and arrests, they were con­ they had violated no laws. attempt to stem this growing opposition, the FB I dis­ fronted by agents on roofs and in doorways, armed to the In I 983 the FBI arrested fou r Puerto Ri can activists in played arms allegedly captured in these raids. They claim teeth. Chicago. As with the New York 8+, these activists were that the arms were given to these activists by the Cuban If these violations of constitutional liberties are al­ not charged with doing anything . They were charged lowed to occur without protest from U.S. working with seditious conspiracy. The four were convicted in government. This is not a new charge against revolutionary Cuba. It people, the government will be emboldened to go after August of this year. the democratic rights of anyone it brands as a "terrorist" Under the guise offighting terrorism, the U.S. govern­ has been raised countless times by the U.S. government. Washington uses this charge as one justification for its or "conspirator." ment is attempting to chip away at everyone's democratic Today, the U.S. government has tagged Puerto Rican rights. It is time for supporters of the Bill of Rights - led crimes against the Cuban revolution. In a 1977 speech to the Cuban people Fidel Castro an­ independence activists. Tomorrow, however, it could by the trade unions, along with Black, Chicano, Puerto swered this charge. similarly brand opponents of other government policies Rican, women's rights and civi l liberties organizations In this speech Castro states. "We're not promoting vio­ - fighters against apartheid, opponents of the U.S.­ - to make their voices heard in defense of these latest lence in Puerto Rico .·· But, he said. ·'independence of backed war in Central America, strikers, farm activists, victims of FBI and government attack. Puerto Rico [is) a right which we have always defended."

Castro expl ained that the defense of Puerto Rican inde­ pendence has long been a part of Cuba's revolutionary history. "When the Cuban Revolutionary Party [Jose Marti's party] was founded," Castro explained, " it Meese smears affirmative action sought Cuban and Puerto Rican independence." . Squealing like a stuck pig, Attorney General Edwin the same goes for promotions." "We have sacred hi storical, moral and spiritual bonds Meese made a vitriolic attack on affirmative action hiring Meese, with cheap demagogy, argues that, "Counting with Puerto Rico," Castro continued, to applause, "and and promotion programs for women, Blacks; and other by race is a form of racism." we've told them [the U.S. government! that as long as oppressed nationalities. there is one Puerto Rican who defends the idea of inde­ In a September 17 speech, Meese smeared proponents That's true enough if you're counting by race or sex to pendence, as long as there's even one, we have the moral of affirmative action as being like those who once argued ensure that the walls of discrimination are not broken and political duty to defend the idea of Puerto Rico's in­ that "slavery was good not only for the slaves but for so­ down. dependence. ciety." But, for example, is it racism or sexism to walk onto a "We wi ll honor our moral and political duty. There's construction site and count the small number of Blacks or no need for three or three million Puerto Ricans to be de­ His speech was intended to set the stage for a slated women who hold jobs in better-paying skilled trades with fending their independence," Castro said, "one is enough White House move to scrap a federal requirement that an eye toward increasing that number? · for us, and we've made this very clear to them [the U.S. government contractors ensure fair employment practices If you didn' t count how many Blacks or women were government] that this is a matter of principle, and to us, by having numerical goals for hiring Blacks and women. among the skilled workers, how could you establish con­ principles are not to be negotiated!" According to Meese, use of such quotas "to remedy cretely the scope of the discrimination problem there ­ Washington's charge also ignores the fact that the the lingering social effects of past discrimination makes and begin to do something about it? struggle for Puerto Rican independence began over 100 no sense .. .. " years ago with El Grito de Lares (the cry of Lares). The He added: "The fact that discrimination occurred in the And what is to be done about it - ask the employer for September 23, 1868, rebellion against Spanish colonial­ past proyides no justification for engaging in discrimina­ a promise to stop discriminating? A boss will give you 50 ism was led by Ramon Betances. tory conduct." such promises. It doesn't cost him a dime . Puerto Rico's ties to Cuba also began that year. The But the promise can only be enforced if that boss is re­ Puerto Rican nationalists who were forced to flee their "In the past," Mr. Meese? quired to sign an agreement - enforced by the govern­ homeland after the rebell ion was crushed went to Cuba. Of all the lies in his speech, that's really the key one. ment - that of the next number of workers hired , a cer­ There they participated in the Cuban revolution against No one who lives in this society can deny that racism' tain number will be Blacks, and a certain number wili be Spanish rule. and sexism are still very much with us. women. When in 1898 the U.S . government took Cuba and Blacks, other oppressed nationalities, and womeH are Puerto Rico as prizes for its victory over Spain in the the victims of institutionalized discrimination. Employers must be required to accept affirmative-ac­ Spanish-American War, the struggle for independence tion programs with teeth in them - with specific quotas If they weren't, Blacks wouldn't be living with an un­ continued on both islands. - or they will continue to discriminate. Not simply be­ As Castro pointed out in the speech above, the party employment rate that persistently remains double the rate cause they're racists and sexists, but because r.ac ism and for white workers. Fifty-one percent of Black children formed by Cuban revolutionary Jose Marti at the turn of sexism pay. , the century demanded not only Cuban but also Puerto under six would not be living in poverty. Denied employment , or access to better-paying jobs, If there was not discrimination, past and present , Rican independence. victims of such discrimination are forced to work for The U.S. government was forced to give Cuba formal . women would not be getting paid an average of 6 1.7 lower pay. And lower pay, obviously, means higher cents for every dollar earned by men. independence in 1902. The Cuban people, however, did profits. Billion on billions in higher profits. not win real independence at that time . They were forced Affirmative action, with specified numerical quotas, is Racism and sexism are employer weapons to hold to live for decades in poverty, ignorance , and repression simply a tool for dealing with that discrimination in hir­ down the wages and conditions of all working people . A under one Washington-approved dictatorship after ing and promotion of Blacks and women. It's a way of divided working class is a weaker working class, and a another. This only changed with the victory of the Cuban telling an employer: "Your work force has too few united class is a stronger one. To the extent that divisions revolution in 1959. The revolution broke once and for all Blacks and women. To put an end to this injustice you by sex or race are combated, the labor movement can the imperialist control of their country. will have to agree to hire a specific number, or propor­ more effectively confront the bosses and ensure gains for Throughout the long struggle of the Cuban people for tion, of those who have been discriminated against. And all. freedom, Puerto Rican acti vists have organized solidarity with them. In I 927, for example, when Cubans were fi ghting the Machado dictatorship, Puerto Rican national hero Pedro Albizu Campos visited Cuba. He worked with Executing youth: a barbarism the revolutionaries there until he was thrown out of the country by the dictatorship with the backing of the U.S . "Even though you don't forgive me for my transgres­ But other youth will follow him. embassy. sions, I forgive you for yours against me." There are currentl y 32 other people sitting on death More recently, in April I 984, 30,000 people marched These were the final words of Charles Rumbaugh, be­ row who were convicted· of crimes committed before they in Puerto Rico against the U.S. government's threats fore his execution in Texas September II . were 18. Nine of the 32 are in Texas. against the Cuban and Nicaraguan revolutions. Fifteen of the 32 - 47 percent - are Black. Rumbaugh was 17 when the ~ime he was convicted of State laws on juvenile executions vary. In Indiana, For the last 87 years, Puerto Ricans have been fighting occurred. His death was protested by Amnesty Interna­ anyone over the age of I 0 can be put to death. for their independence from the United States. Many of tional as a violation of international agreements. New Jersey and six other states have minimum ages of the biggest battles took place long before the 1959 vic­ Rumbaugh was 28 when he died, and had spent a dec­ 14. A number of others permit executions for those aged tory of the Cuban revolution. The heroes and mariyrs of ade on death row. 15 to 18. this struggle have been branded terrorists by the U.S. He was convicted of killing a jeweler during a holdup. Rumbaugh's execution was assailed by Amnesty Inter­ government since 1936. By the time of the victory of the The jeweler was shot when he reached for a gun. national as violating two international agreements signed Cuban revolution many of these fighters had already been One of this society's victims from early on, Rumbaugh by the United States barring capital punishment for those imprisoned or murdered by the U.S. government. The first became involved with the law at age six when he and convicted of crimes committed when under I 8. struggle for Puerto Rican independence is clearly a prod­ his brother reportedly broke into an old building. However, the Senate has never ratified either of the uct of the will of the people to end imperialist domination A good part of his short life was spent in reform agreements. of their country. schools, prisons, and mental hospitals. Capital punishment is barbaric regardless of the age of Revolutionary Cuba is a target of the U.S. govern­ He was the hrst person in more than 20 years to die fo r the victim. It is a weapon ai med at intimidating working ment's campaign against the Puerto Rican independence an offense committed as a juvenile under I 8. And he be­ people, a weapon for victimizing the oppressed and dis­ movement because it has never faltered in its support for came the 48th person to be executed since the Supreme possessed. The labor movement should lead a fi ght for its the right of the Puerto Rican people to self-determina­ Court allowed states to restore the death penalty in 1976 . abolishment. tion.

14 The Militant September 27, 1985 Racist, antiunion.smear campaign is defeated

BY TOM O'BRIEN the next lane to the right suddenly turned left directly in under way.) CHICAGO - Chicago Transit Authority (CT A) bus front of the bus, apparently aiming for the parking lot en­ The racist nature of the charges against Johnson was driver David Johnson was cleared of charges of reckless trance. The bus tore into the left side of the car, and all obvious to many Blacks: despite all the evidence that he homicide stemming from an incident in which seven seven young people in it were killed. could not have avoided hitting the car, the cops had ac­ people were killed. Johnson, a member of Amalgamated It was clear that the car had not been rear-ended and cused him because he was involved in the deaths of seven Transit Union Local 241 and a 25-year veteran driver, that Johnson could not have avoided it. Only four hours young whites. after the accident, however, and before all the witnesses On August 14, 500 transit workers and other Johnson had been interviewed, the Cook County State's Attor­ supporters marched on Chicago Police headquarters. One ney's office charged Johnson with seven counts of reck­ woman carried a sign reading "No Apartheid in AS I SEE IT less homicide. A bond hearing was held, illegally, with­ Chicago." Two hundred bus drivers, Black and white, at­ out Johnson's lawyer being present. Cops then proceeded tended the August 17 Operation PUSH meeting. The to the hospital where Johnson had been taken and shack­ was the victim of a racist frame-up by the cops and a Rev . Jesse Jackson spoke out in Johnson's defense, and a led him to his bed. (The shackles were removed after campaign by the local media which implied that most defense fund was organized. CT A drivers are hazards on the road. He was cleared of doctors objected.) the charges August 23. The TV news on the nights that followed contained In announcing that the charges. against Johnson had The incident took place on the afternoon of August 9 picture after picture of the crushed car and the bodies on been dropped, State's Attorney Richard M. Daley attri­ on Lake Shore Drive, an antiquated expressway on the lawn, as well ·as drawn-out and maudlin coverage of buted his decision to a study done by an independent en­ Chicago's lakefront. Traffic was heavier than usual as the the funerals . Newsman Walter Jacobsen claimed to have gineering company. The study had determined that the first of some 70,000 fans began to arrive for a Bruce timed several buses near the accident scene, and reported car had indeed been struck from the side, not the rear. Springsteen concert scheduled that night for Soldier that none of them was within the 45-mile-per-hour speed But this fact was obvious to anyone who saw the many Field, a stadium which lies between the north and south­ limit. (He dido 't bother ro point out that none of the other pictures of the wreck or heard interviews with eyewitnes­ bound lanes of the drive. Johnson was driving an 18-ton traffic was within the speed limit, either. A later news re­ ses. What really cleared Johnson was not an engineering articulated (2-part) bus in the left lane of the drive. As port discovered that many buses have broken speedomet­ firm; it was the solidarity of his fellow workers and of the eyewitnesses told reporters, a Cadillac that was driving in ers. This happened after the defense case for Johnson got Black community. UMWA Local2245 wins miner's job back

BY LEE HAWTHORNE employment back injury. At that time management had was hospitalized at the time. BROOKWOOD, Ala. - Members of United Mine been made aware of a discrepancy in his job application. Using this kind of job application information to selec­ Workers of America Local 2245 at the Jim Walter Re­ It was agreed that the company would not pursue any dis­ tively fire a man who was down on his luck angered the sources #4 Mine here won a victory a couple of months ciplinary action- presumably because the man was then members of the local. On word of the firing, June 12, all ago against management's attempt to fire a local member held in good favor with the company. the men and women who work on the evening shift re-. To be employed by a coal company a miner must pass turned their cap lamps to the lamphouse and left the com­ a rigorous series of doctor's examinations and tests, espe­ pany property. The mine remained idle for two days and UNION TALK cially back X-rays. Evidently, whatever previous injury the intention was to stay out until tile worker won back the worker sustained had healed enough for him to pass his job, benefits, and back pay. these exams and X-rays. for falsifying his job application. Yet when the man was injured while working one of Within thirty-six hours of the job action, the company The miner had been working for Jim Walter Resources the most strenuous jobs in the mine, the company and distributed to union members a court-ordered injunction for five years. A recent on-the-job back injury sup­ their paid medical staff insisted it was the pre-employ­ requiring the local to pay $5,000 per person per day that posedly caused the company to investigate the man's job ment injury that caused the trouble. the mine was idle. history . When this most recent injury was reported to the com­ With that, the local was forced to return to work. A However a couple of years ago another job-related in­ pany the worker was fired. His wages and all benefits week later, the case went to arbitration where the worker jury had been attributed by the company doctor to a pre- were cut off, including health benefits to his wife who was reinstated with benefits and back pay. -LETTERS----- S.F. Labor Day of the nations of Central Ameri­ For the first time in many years ca." a broad coalition of labor unions Raul Gonuilez and other organizations joined to­ San Francisco, California gether iri San Francisco to sponsor a Labor Day event. Billed as a "Spirit of America Festival," it in­ Labor Day in Texas cluded a concert and rally in Gold­ I participated with some I ,500 en Gate Park and had a crowd of unionists and civil rights activists 5- 7,000 people at it throughout who marched in Beaumont, east of the day. Houston, on September I. The ac­ From a platform flanked by tion celebrated Labor Day and ral­ banners that called for an end to lied support for the more than ISO U.S. support to apartheid South members of the Service Employ­ Africa and for an end to U.S. in­ ees International Union (SEIU) on tervention in Central America, strike against the A. W. bands played and speakers ad­ Schlesinger Geriatric Center. dressed the crowd during the The march was led by the strik­ event. ing workers, of whom all but two The event was sponsored by the are Black women . After a mile­ San Francisco and San Mateo and-a-half trek under a blazing sun Central Labor Councils, Team­ and I 02° temperatures, a rally was sters' District Council 7, Interna­ held right in front of the nursing home. from nearby Lamar University . Native American prisoner Correction tional Longshoreman's and One of the speakers was Tom I've been reading some of the In last week's Militant, a cap­ Warehouseman's Union (ILWU), The Schlesinger Center is one Turner, national board member of old issues of the Militant that have tion misstated the extent of pov­ San Francisco Council of of the largest nursing hoJ;lles in the NAACP and president of the been floating around on the solit­ erty in the United States. The gov­ Churches, Emergency Airlift In­ Texas and in 1982 was one of the Detroit Metropolitan AFL-CIO. ary confinement range of this ernment recognizes that there are. ternational, San Francisco Food first unionized in this state. He explained that the service­ prison, and would very much like 33.7 million poor. Bank, District 8 Democratic Club, workers strike was also a civil The strike began July I over a subscription. and the Mobilization for Jobs, rights issue, because the strikers In an article on the frame-up of management's refusal to back I do not agree with this govern­ Peace and Justice. were being forced "to accept less a young Black worker in Winston­ down on its .demand that the cen­ ment that rules us. Hence, my re­ AI fa Kennedy of Local 18, Ser­ for their work, first because they Salem his name was given with ter's service workers accept a 6 to fusal to pay taxes that are used by vice Employees International are women, and second because two spellings. His name is Darryl 10 percent wage cut, plus a 50 per­ the. U.S. government to fund their Union (SEIU), said that her union they are Black_" Hunt. cent cut in sick leave, holidays, acts of aggression. local had recently sent $1 ,000 in and vacation time. The average Sherril A very spoke represen­ Presently, the reason I am in material aid to the South African wage for these workers under the ting the striking nursing-home solitary confinement is because I Brushers and Cleaners Union, the The Militant special prisoner expired contract was about $4. 10 workers. She expressed their de­ refuse to cut my hair, and will re­ SEIU's counterpart in South Af­ fund makes it possible to send an hour. When they were or­ termination to win back their jobs main here until this Bureau of Cor­ rica. She encouraged other unions reduced-rate subscriptions to ganized three years ago under "and continue our fight for a fair rections policy is changed, of sup­ to take up campaigns for material prisoners who can't pay for SEIU Local 706, they were earn­ and decent contract." pressing the religious beliefs of the aid. them. To help this important ing $2.85 an hour. Other speakers included Native American Indians in prison cause, send ·your contribution Richard Cordtz, SEIU secretary­ in Pennsylvania. George Wong, of the Asian More than 50 local unions, to: Militant Prisoner Subscrip­ treasurer; Atlanta City Council I ask anyone in Pennsylvania American Federation of Union churches, and civil rights groups tion Fund, 14 Charles Lane, · member John Lewis; Velma Jeter, who is interested in supporting our Members, also spoke. endorsed the Labor Day weekend New York, N.Y. 10014. struggle to write: Arthur Woolsey, march and solidarity rally. longtime NAACP activist; Joe AI Lannon, president of IL WU Madison, director of voter regis­ NAIISP, 7845 Fishing Creek Val­ The letters column is an open Local 6 and leader of the MJP J, One of the contingents was tration for the NAACP; and Harry ley Rd., Harrisburg, Pennsylvania forum for all viewpoints on sub­ chaired the rally . He said, "We made up of United Food and Com­ Hubbard, president of the Texas 17112. You can find out what you jects of general interest to our must fight against the U.S. war in mercial Workers unionists who are AFL-CIO. Doris Smith,. member can do to protest these acts of cul­ readers. Please keep your letters Central America. We do not want fighting for union recognition of Local 706's executive board, tural genocide against the Native brief. Where necessary theywill to see the sons of working people from the Market Basket supermar­ chaired the rally. American prisoners of this state. be abridged. Please indicate if here to be sent to kill and be killed ket. Also marching was a contin­ Steven Dattner E. Wildcat Hall you prefer that your initials be to prevent the self-determination gent of the NAACP and students Houston, Texas Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania used rather than your full name.

September 27, 1985 The Militant 15 THE MILITANT 7,500 rally for Wheeling-Pitt workers

BY KATHY MICKELLS Currently, W ABCO is threatening to MONESSEN, Pa. - With marching shut down portions of its works and throw bands, volunteer fire department engines, 75 percent of the local's members out of and union local banners unfurled, an esti­ work. mated 7,500 Wheeling-Pittsburgh steel­ The contingent from the United Mine workers and their supporters marched Workers of America (UMWA) was com­ through the streets of Monessen, Pennsyl­ posed mostly of members of Local 1197 lo­ vania. The September 7 march took place cated in Bentleyville and Ellsworth, on the street bordering the Wheeling­ Pennsylvania. The local decided to change Pittsburgh Monessen plant. It was the third the time of their monthly meeting so that demonstration in as many weeks to be members could attend. Posters encourag­ called by the United Steelworkers of Amer­ ing miners to be part of the UMW A contin­ ica (USWA). gent were posted at all of the mine portals. USW A members were forced out on Donald Redman , president of UMW A strike at Wheeling-Pittsburgh plants July District 5, spoke at the rally and pledged 21, when the company tore up its contract the support of the miners for the steelwork­ with the USW A and reduced wages and ers. benefits by 23 percent. The company acted One steelworker told a group of miners, after getting the green light from a bank­ 'These rallies really show our strength and ruptcy court. determination. It shows other workers that Wages were to be slashed from a base we plan to stand up and fight. And they pay of around $1 I per hour to $5.50 to $6 bring out some of our own members who per hour. The company plan eliminated haven't been involved. And it has a big im­ two weeks of vacation pay, giving one pact on the company to know that we've week's vacation to steelworkers with from got this kind of support amongst ourselves one to 17 years on the job. It would elimi­ and with other unions." nate ~ holiday pay, premium pay, incentive Some politicians who spoke at the rally pay, and Supplemental Unemployment talked about "fair trade" and blamed im­ Benefits. ports for the problems Wheeling­ The company also attempted to do away Pittsburgh workers were having. with seniority and the grievance procedure. Some union officials also made such fa..L...... ,~ Steelworkers say the company's actions comments. But they mostly spoke about Steelworkers at solidarity rally in Pittsburgh, August 25. Placard at left dlallenges amounted to a lockout. solidarity voiced by the rally and the inspi­ idea that workers should pay for company's bad debts. They explain that each of them had al­ ration that the USW A ranks were providing ready given $20,000 in concessions to the by fighting back. company. "Enough is enough" is the senti­ A steelworker expressed the sentiment holding marches and rallies, then that's after today ." ment. of this rally when he stated, "I've never what we're going to have to do. The The Steelworkers are not alone in their been on so many labor marches in my life, USW A, Wheeling-Pittsburgh, and Mones­ Kathy Micke lis is a member of UMW A battle. but if it takes a year out on the picket lines, sen, Pennsylvania, will never be the same Local 2300 in Kirby, Pennsylvania. Traveling into Monessen, one saw numerous buses from the Mon and Ohio valleys bedecked with "Go Steelworkers" banners. Seven buses from the Steuben­ ville, Ohio, area were accompanied by a Falwell's support to apartheid. hit 30-member motorcycle escort sporting signs on their · bikes supporting the steel­ BY MADELINE LANE call a hypocrite a hypocrite and a racist a Lynchburg and Newport News, and from workers. LYNCHBURG, Va. - In the city racist!" the governor of the state, declaring Aug. Thousands of steelworkers and support­ where slavery was buried by one of the Goldsmith explained that an end to 31, 1985, to be South Africa Awareness ers wore T -shirts emblazoned with "Scab final battles of the Civil War, apartheid Day. In addition, the mayors of Richmond hunter." Recently, the union has had to or­ apartheid is just and inevitable and "that is was symbolically committed to the grave at and Roanoke gave their support to the ac­ ganize mass pickets to keep the company why we will win and Falwell will lose." the end of a march by several hundred tion. from shipping steel coils. A leader of the Virginia NAACP read people opposed to the racist regime of proclamations to the rally from the cities of Continued on Page 13 A sought-after T -shirt at the rally has South Africa. two baseball bats crossed and the words "Get your sticks in '86"- a reference to The August 31 protest was called by the the basic steel contract which expires in Lynchburg and Roanoke chapters and the 1986. Virginia state chapter of the NAACP. It Leader of Kanak people USWA members from U.S. Steel's also targeted recent actions and statements Edgar Thompson works were in attendance by ultrarightist Rev. Jerry Falwell support­ along with others covered by the basic steel ing the white minority regime and attack­ on tour in North Carolina contract. U.S.. Steel's chairman has stated ing Bishop Desmond Tutu, a leader of the they will demand whatever concessions struggle against apartheid in South Africa. BY MICHAEL VENCETTI icy: "The French government condemns Wheeling-Pittsburgh gets. Lynchburg is the home of Falwell's predo­ GREENSBORO, N.C.- "They cannot the apartheid regime in South Africa, but at The steelworkers' solidarity was ex­ minantly white Thomas Road Baptist stop our independence movement. No per­ the same time they practice their own form pressed in financial contributions as well . Church. son, no president, no power on earth can of apartheid in New Caledonia." She told Financial contributions through plant-gate The action drew members of NAACP defeat us," explained Susanna Ounei dur­ those assembled that, "When they say that collections and pledges have swelled the branches throughout Virginia. There was ing the two days she spent visiting this state they are against apartheid in SouthAfrica, strike fund by over $200,000. also a large number of clergy, and a signif­ recently. "We are determined," she said. we say that is not true. They are hypoc­ As the mile-long march made its way to icant presence by Virginia chapters of the Ounei is a leader of the Kanak people of rites. They practice apartheid in New the rally site, the community turned out to National Organization for Women (NOW), the South Pacific island of New Caledonia. Caledonia. When they say they support the encourage the marchers on. Many Blacks as well as other young people, Black and New Caledonia is a French colony. She struggle of the Nicaraguan people, we say lined the streets and shouted, "Go, Steel­ white, and students. visited North Carolina on September 6 and that is not true. They are hypocrites. Look workers," and a contingent from the Anti-apartheid activists from several 7 as part of a nationwide tour to get out the at what they are doing in New Caledonia." NAACP took part in the march. cities attended including the Committee truth about the colonial domination of New In mid-1984 all of the proindependence Young and old cheered and clapped as Against Apartheid and Racism from Nor­ Caledonia ·and the struggle of the Kanak groups and other national liberation organi­ the labor demonstration passed. At the folk. The CAAR sold T-shirts and ribbons people for independence. zations joined forces to form the Kanak senior citizens home, the march was demanding "Free Nelson Mandela." Speaking to a well-attended public meet­ Socialist National Liberation Front greeted by residents who had moved chairs A noontime motorcade to Falwell's ing at North Carolina A&T University here (FLNKS). Ounei told of the numerous onto the lawn. They raised clenched fists as · church was followed by a short rally. Then on the eve.ning of September 7, she mass protests and land occupations that "the steelworkers passed singing "Solidarity demonstrators returned to the Court Street explained the history of oppression and ex­ have been led by the FLNKS, and of its de­ Forever." Baptist Church, one of the oldest Black ploitation of the Kanaks by the French. She cision to establish a provisional govern­ More than 40 contingents participated. churches in Lynchburg, for another rally explained how the French colonial settlers ment on the island in December 1984. Some members of the United Electrical, featuring NAACP speakers. These in­ on the island have reduced the Kanak Ounei also spoke at a brunch in her Radio, and Machine Workers (UE) came cluded Enolia P. McMillan, president of population by a series of brutal massacres honor sponsored by the Women in Concern from Erie, Pennsylvania. Others came the NAACP National Executive Board, from 200,000 in 1853 to the current for Central America of Greensboro. They from surrounding locals of the Communi­ and Dr. Emmett C. Burns, regional direc­ number of 61,000. heard Ounei speak about the role of women cations Workers of America, the Pennsyl- tor of the NAACP. She explained how the Kanaks have suf­ in the independence struggle, as well as the . vania State Education Association, Amal- . One of the best received speakers was fered from a policy.of conscious underde­ role French colonization played in increas­ gamated Clothing and Textile Workers Judy Goldsmith of NOW. Goldsmith velopment on the part of French im­ ing the exploitation, degradation , and op­ Union, In.ternational Ladies' Garment explained that it was her last day as presi­ perialism. Today, she said, only 7,000 of pression of Kanak women. Workers' Union, and the Teamsters. dent of NOW and she couldn't think of a the 61,000 Kanaks hold any type of job at On September 6, she was invited to the UE Local 610 from the Westinghouse better way to spend it than "protesting ra­ all, and these are almost always the worst city of Raleigh to speak to a group of polit­ Airbrake (W ABCO) plant in Wilmerding cism and telling the world what we think of paying,_ dirtiest, and hardest jobs on the is­ ical activists at the Freedom Bookstore in organized a contingent and presented a Jerry Falwell." land . the heart of that city's Black community. check for $3,000 to the steelworkers. They She received a standing ovation from the She condemned· the hypocrisy of the Most of those gathered were active in the had collected $2,700 at plant gates. audience when she declared, "It is time to French government's current foreign pol- Continued on Page 13

16 The Militant September 27, 1985