Portable Noise Monitoring Report
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SAN FRANCISCO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT CITY & COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO MEMORANDUM TO: EAST PALO ALTO COMMUNITY FROM: SAN FRANCISCO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AIRCRAFT NOISE OFFICE SUBJECT: 2020 EAST PALO ALTO NOISE MONITORING REPORT #2 DATE: MAY 21, 2021 The San Francisco International Airport (SFO) Aircraft Noise Abatement Office conducted aircraft noise monitoring in East Palo Alto to determine noise levels within the community from aircraft operations at SFO. This measurement period was from December 16, 2020 to December 29, 2020. The monitoring was made possible with the assistance of the City of East Palo Alto Public Works Director and Engineering Staff. The overall average daily noise level from all aircraft was 48dBA CNEL. The Community daily noise level was 59dBA CNEL. The noise monitor thresholds were 60dBA for daytime and 53dBA for nighttime. The monitoring site on University Avenue had exposure to roadway traffic on University Avenue. The site was located in a busy area but was situated on a roof so that it was exposed to less community noise. The ambient noise level of the site was 54dBA. On an average day there were 405 overflights, out of which 62 exceeded the noise monitor threshold and recorded a noise event. The majority of flights was traffic out of nearby Palo Alto Airport (PAO) and SFO arrivals merging onto the final approach course for Runways 28L and 28R. Most of the SFO arrivals overflew at altitudes between 3,500 feet and 4,500 feet. SFO traffic represented approximately 45% of all aircraft noise events over the area. Approximately 49% of aircraft noise events were attributed to general aviation operations out of PAO. Other significant flights included air traffic from Oakland International Airport (OAK), general aviation traffic from San Carlos Airport (SQL), and traffic from other airports which each attributed approximately 2% of aircraft noise events. The monitoring site lies approximately 1.5 mi from PAO. These flights that practice local pattern work at the airport or flew westbound and returned to the airport passed near the site. Arrivals from the south heading to SQL traversed the site while SQL departures operated between PAO and the airport. Non-aircraft sources of noise included loud vehicular traffic, frequent sirens from firetrucks leaving the fire station down the street, heating/cooling equipment on the same rooftop, construction noise, and gardening maintenance activities such as leaf blowing, tree trimming, and lawn mowing. During the noise monitoring period, the SFO Aircraft Noise Abatement Office received 241 noise reports from 2 East Palo Alto residents. The majority of SFO Aircraft noise events and noise reports occurred between 8:00 am and 5:00 pm. On average, there was about 3 SFO aircraft noise events per night during the monitoring period. Even though the monitoring location in East Palo Alto was located in a busy area with ambient noise of about 54dB, aircraft noise may be a nuisance for residents living in quieter areas of the city. dB - stands for decibel. The decibel measures the loudness of a sound and is computed as the signal-to-noise ratio. dBA - stands for A-weighted decibel. A-weighting is used to adjust for the frequency range to account for human hearing. California Code of Regulations Title 21 requires the use of A-weighting when assessing aircraft noise exposure. CNEL - is used to assess and regulate aircraft noise exposure in communities surrounding California airports. California Code of Regulations Title 21 establishes the acceptable level of aircraft noise at 65dBA CNEL. West Plan - Standard operations at the Bay Area International Airports. Aircraft arrive to the west at all three airports. At San Jose and Oakland Airports, aircraft depart to the west. While at San Francisco Airport, aircraft depart either to the north or to the west depending on wind conditions on the airfield. TRUKN and NIITE - RNAV departure procedures off Runways 28L/R at SFO, has aircraft climb heading of 284° to 520 feet then right turn to initial fix. These procedures replaced the legacy departures procedures SHORELINE and QUIET, respectively. Post Office Box 8097 San Francisco California 94128 Tel 650.821.5100 Fax 650.821.5112 City of East Palo Alto - Site 1015 Short Term Noise Monitoring Report #2 University Avenue December 16 - December 29, 2020 Aircraft CNEL: 48dBA Community CNEL: 59dBA Total CNEL: 59dBA Aircraft SEL: 78dBA Aircraft LMax: 66dBA Ambient Noise: 54dBA Noise Monitor Treshold 5am - 11pm: 60dBA Noise Monitor Treshold 11pm - 5am: 53dBA SFO Aircraft Noise Events: 30 per day SFO Operations Flow: West Flow Cause of Aircraft Overflights : SFO aircraft arrivals from BDEGA West, SERFR, and OCEANIC merging onto final approach and small general aviation aircraft out of Palo Alto Airport and San Carlos Airport transitioning the area. Daily Noise Event Averages SFO Non-SFO Community Date Noise Events Avg. SEL (dBA) Avg. LMax (dB) Noise Events Avg. SEL (dBA) Avg. LMax (dB) Noise Events Avg. SEL (dBA) Avg. LMax (dB) Dec 16 42 77 65 34 78 67 109 81 66 17 46 77 65 22 76 67 84 78 64 18 43 76 64 67 80 67 83 74 61 19 33 77 65 53 79 67 37 76 63 20 19 74 63 43 80 68 29 73 62 21 16 77 64 20 76 65 72 75 61 22 20 76 65 30 77 66 96 75 61 23 21 74 64 30 78 68 74 77 62 24 19 75 64 26 80 69 52 79 64 25 4 78 66 7 77 68 39 82 64 26 43 75 64 21 78 66 20 75 64 27 34 76 65 31 80 67 17 75 67 28 44 76 65 22 79 67 33 73 60 29 31 77 64 42 76 65 77 74 61 Daily AVG 30 76 65 32 78 67 59 76 63 SFO Events are: Single SFO Aircraft, Multiple SFO Aircraft, Simultaneous SFO and Non-SFO Aircraft, and Simultaneous Community and SFO Aircraft. SEL - Sound Exposure Level of a noise event is measured over time between the initial and final points when the noise level exceeds a predetermined threshold and its energy is compressed into one second. Lmax - The maximum noise level is a measurement of the peak level of a noise event. CNEL- This metric is used to assess and regulate aircraft noise exposure in communities surrounding the airport. California Title 21 Noise Regulations established acceptable level of aircraft noise of 65dBA CNEL. Community Noise Exposure Level (CNEL) Sound Exposure Level (SEL) Comparison acceptable noise level standard 85 65 60 80 A 55 A B B 75 d d 50 70 45 65 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Date Community Aircraft Total Date SFO Aircraft Noise Events by Day (7am-7pm), Evening (7pm-10pm) and Night (10pm-7am) Avg. Min. Max. Noise SFO Noise Avg. SEL Min. SEL Max. SEL Avg. LMax Min. LMax Max. LMax Duration Duration Duration Events Events (%) (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) (dB) (dBA) (dBA) (sec) (sec) (sec) Day 293 71% 76 69 86 65 61 75 21 6 60 Evening 45 11% 74 68 80 64 61 70 16 6 31 Night 77 19% 76 62 81 63 55 72 36 7 79 SFO Noise Events by Hour of the Day SFO Arrivals Altitudes 2,000 ft 3,000 ft 4,000 ft 5,000 ft 40 1% 44% 53% 2% s t n Only aircraft that registered a noise event on the monitor are e v 30 considered. E e SQL Other s OAK i o N 2% 2% 20 2% t f a r c r i A 10 PAO 0 49% M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M P P P P P P P P P P P P A A A A A A A A A A A A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 0 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 0 1 SFO 1 1 1 1 1 1 45% SFO Nighttime (Midnight-6am) SFO Arrivals Departures s t n 4 e Operation Type: 60% 40% v E e Average=3 s i o Aircraft Type N t f 2 a r c Boeing B737 r i 14% A -700,800,900 0 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 C172 14% 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Airbus A319,A320, 8% Noise Reporters & A321 15 % Individual Noise Noise Reports SR22 7% Reporters of overflights registered a noise event. (405 avg daily overflights of which 62 Dec 16 created a noise event) Other 90+ Aircraft 57% 17 Types 18 1 1 Noise Reports vs Aircraft Noise Events Noise Reports Noise Events 19 20 15% 15% 21 1 52 22 1 41 s s t t 23 1 54 r 10% 10% n o e p v 24 2 45 e E R e e s 25 1 1 s i i o o N 26 N 5% 5% 27 28 1 18 29 1 29 0% 0% M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M Total 2 241 M M M M M M M M M P P P P P P P P P P P P A A A A A A A A A A A A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 0 1 2 0 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 Noise Reporters Location Noise Monitor on Location X© N 2o0i2se1 Maopnbitooxr ©Lo OcapteinoSntreetMap.