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Volume 4 ISSN 1098-8394 JOURNAL of ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION An official Journal of the Academy of Entrepreneurship ® Edited by Robin Anderson University of Portland The Academy of Entrepreneurship, Inc. is a non-profit corporation chartered under the laws of North Carolina and the United States. The Academy is an international association of scholars and practitioners whose purpose is to advance the knowledge, understanding, teaching and practice of entrepreneurship throughout the world. ii The Academy is not responsible for the content of the individual manuscripts. Authors retain copyright for their manuscripts and provide the Academy with a publication permission agreement. Any omissions or errors are the sole responsibility of the individual authors. The Editorial Board is responsible for the selection of manuscripts for publication from among those submitted for consideration. The Editors and Publishers accept final manuscripts in digital form and make adjustments solely for the purposes of pagination and organization. The Journal of Entrepreneurship Education is owned by the Academy of Entrepreneurship ®, Inc., and published by the Allied Academies, Inc., PO Box 2689, 145 Travis Road, Cullowhee, North Carolina 28723, USA, (828) 293-9151, FAX (828) 293-9407. Those interested in subscribing to the Journal, advertising in the Journal, or otherwise communicating with the Journal, should contact the Executive Director at [email protected]. Copyright 2001 by the Academy of Entrepreneurship ®, Inc., Cullowhee, NC, USA Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 iii Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 iv PRACTITIONER EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Robin Anderson, Editor University of Portland Gordon T. Beaham, III Michael J. Merriman Chairman if the Board and President and Chief Executive Officer Chief Executive Officer Royal Appliance Manufacturing Company Faultless Starch/Bon Ami Company John G. Brunner Bernard J. Milano Chief Executive Officer President and Trustee Vi-Jon Laboratories, Inc. KPMG Foundation John Griffin Michael A. Monsour Vice President and Client Partner, President AT&T Solutions Market Place Print, Inc. AT&T Corporation Richard J. Hynes Leonard H. Roberts Group Vice President Chairman and Chief Executive Officer North American Consumer Products RadioShack Alberto-Culver Company Rieva Lesonsky Robert J. Shipley Senior Vice President and General Manager and Vice President Editorial Director Laundry Business Entrepreneur Media, Inc. Unilever Home and Personal Care, North America Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 v ACADEMIC EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Robin Anderson, Editor University of Portland Barbara L. Adams Richard Leake South Carolina State University Luther College Chi Anyansi-Archibong Charles Meiser North Carolina A&T State University Lake Superior State University Robert Birney J. R. Ogden Alverno College Kutztown University of Pennsylvania Frank Carothers Rosa Okpara Somerset Community College Albany State University Emmanuel Chijioke Robert Peterson Talladega College University of Portland William K. Dadson Vinod Sharma Lincoln University Ohio State University-Mansfield Campus Larry R. Dale Jack Sterrett Arkansas State University Souteast Missouri State University Fred Diulus Brad Wagner College of the Southwest Fort Lewis College Janeric Gustavsson Diane Welsh Southwestern Adventist University John Carroll University Stewart W. Husted Robert Wyatt Lynchburg College Drury University Lawrence A. Klatt Jeffrey Zimmerman Florida Atlantic University Methodist College Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 vi Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 vii JOURNAL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION DIVISIONS THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL MANUSCRIPTS ................................................. page 1 APPLIED MANUSCRIPTS ............................................................................................. page 43 FREE ENTERPRISE EDUCATION PROJECTS ........................................................ page 95 Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 viii Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 ix JOURNAL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION CONTENTS PRACTITIONER EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS ................................................................. iv ACADEMIC EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS ..........................................................................v LETTER FROM THE EDITOR .................................................................................................. xiii CALL FOR PAPERS .....................................................................................................................xv THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL MANUSCRIPTS .................................................................1 A FEDERALLY FUNDED CASE STUDY OFENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAMS:IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC POLICY ...................................................3 J. Donald Weinrauch, Tennessee Technological University Kevin Liska, Tennessee Technological University Rodney Carlson, Tennessee Technological University LEARNING THEORY AND POLICY ISSUESRELATED TO CROSS-DISCIPLINEENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION ........................................19 R.Wilburn Clouse, Vanderbilt University Terry Goodin, Vanderbilt University A NATIONAL SURVEY OF THE STATE OFSIFE PROGRAMS: IMPLICATIONS FOR STUDENTS,WALTON FELLOWS, AND ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS ....................29 Richard Burroughs, Barry University Inge Nickerson, Barry University APPLIED MANUSCRIPTS ..........................................................................................................43 Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 x ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING WITH YOUNGCHILDREN: THE ARKANSAS ENTERPRISEVILLAGE PROJECT .................................................................................45 Larry R. Dale, Arkansas State University EDUCATIONAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP:JOHN SPERLING & THE APOLLO STORY .......51 Richard Robinson, University of South Carolina John A. Pearce II, Villanova University Peter Davis, University of Memphis Paula D. Harveston, Berry College ANDREW WIEDERHORN:THE ENTREPRENEUR THAT WALL STREETLOVED...FOR AT LEAST A LITTLE WHILE.........................................................................................73 Howard Feldman, University of Portland Asbjorn Osland, George Fox University Miriam Lea, University of Portland FREE ENTERPRISE EDUCATION PROJECTS .........................................................................95 SPECIAL COMPETITION AWARDAT&T BEST USE OF THE INTERNET:KINDERGARTEN THROUGH HIGH SCHOOL .......................................97 La Sierra University, Riverside, California Heather Miller, Sam Walton Fellow SPECIAL COMPETITION AWARDAT&T BEST USE OF THE INTERNET:ASPIRING ENTREPRENEURS AND SMALL BUSINESSES ..........................................................99 San Diego State University, San Diego, California Don Sciglimpaglia, Sam Walton Fellow SPECIAL COMPETITION AWARDBUSINESS WEEK BEST IN-DEPTH EDUCATION ...103 University of St. Thomas, Houston, Texas Anne S. Davis and William S. Sargent, Sam Walton Fellows SPECIAL COMPETITION AWARDBUSINESS WEEK BEST USE OF MASS MEDIA ......107 Bucks County Community College, Newtown, Pennsylvania Joan R. Wiess, Sam Walton Fellow Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 xi SPECIAL COMPETITION AWARDPOLSKY PERSONAL INVESTING TO ACHIEVEFINANCIAL INDEPENDENCE ...................................................................109 Louisiana State University, Eunice, Louisiana Fred Landry, Cindy Darbonne, Ar Schroeder, Jeanne Soileau,and Edwin Deshautelle, Sam Walton Fellows SPECIAL COMPETITION AWARDVISA USA., INC. RESPONSIBLE USE OF CREDIT ...111 MidAmerica Nazarene University, Olathe, Kansas Dave Wegley, Sam Walton Fellow SPECIAL COMPETITION AWARDSIFE MAKE A DIFFERENCE WEEK ...........................113 Butte College, Oroville, California Alfred B. Konuwa, Sam Walton Fellow SPECIAL COMPETITION AWARDSIFE TEACH A CHILD ABOUT BUSINESS WEEK ..117 Northwestern College, Orange City, Iowa Michael Avery and Phillip Patton, Sam Walton Fellows SPECIAL COMPETITION AWARDKAUFFMAN CENTER FOR ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIPENTREPRENEURSHIP ASSISTANCE ................................................119 Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw Georgia Gary B. Roberts, Sam Walton Fellow Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 xii Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 xiii Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 xiv Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, Volume 4, 2001 xv LETTER FROM THE EDITOR Welcome to the Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, a publication dedicated to the study, research and dissemination of information pertinent to improvement of methodologies and effectiveness of entrepreneurship education, including those principles of the free enterprise system necessary for the moral practice of entrepreneurship. The editorial board of JEE is comprised of both academic scholars and CEOs of many of America's best businesses. This bridging of theoretical excellence and applied excellence will result in a compilation of meaningful knowledge which will lead to excellence in entrepreneurship education. The editorial board considers three types of manuscripts. First is empirical research which examines the many facets of entrepreneurship and which expands the body of knowledge of entrepreneurship education. Second, case studies that have a demonstrated effectiveness and bring new perspectives to entrepreneurship education