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THE LIFE AND WORIZ OF ----- - ----- by Phillida Brooke Simons Including THE ART OF CHARLES BELL: AN APPRAISAL by Michael Godby FERNWOOD PRESS Fernwood Press • P 0 Box 15344 8018 Vlaeberg South Africa Registration no. 90/04463/07 First published 1998 Text (Chapters 1 to 10) © Phillida Brooke Simons Text (Appraisal) © Michael Godby Edited by Leni Martin Designed and typeset by Abdul Amien Picture research by Leonie Twentyman }ones Map by Red Roof Design Production control by Abdul Latief (Bunny) Gallie Repro co-ordinator Andrew de Kock Reproduction by Unifoto (Pty) Ltd, Cape Town Printed and bound by Tien Wah Press (Pte) Ltd, Singapore Collectors' and Sponsors' editions bound by Peter Carstens, Johannesburg All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, w ithout the prior written permission of the copyright owner(s). Standard Edition ISBN 1 874950 34 2 Collectors' Edition ISBN 1 874950 35 0 Sponsors' Edition ISBN 1 874950 36 9 The engraving included in the Sponsors' Edition was printed on a hand press by Cecil Skomes and Roderick Sauls from the original endgrain wood block cut by Charles Bell in 1846. The paper used is Zerkall Buetten. The painting by Charles Bell included in the Collectors' Edition depicts rhinoceros hunting in the Magaliesberg. -CONTJENTS-------- Acknowledgements 6 'I 0 Foreword by Dr Frank Brad low Sponsor's Foreword 9 '12 List of Illustrations Chapter One Chapter Six THE IMMIGRANT D IVER SITY IN M ATURITY page 15 page 90 Chapter Two Chapter Seven T OWARDS CAPRICORN A MAN OF G OOD REPO RT page 28 page 100 Chapter Three Chapter Eight CIVIL S ERVA NT I A M ULTIFARIOUS LIFE' page 50 page 1'10 Chapter Four Chapter Nine SURVEYOR Y EA RS O F RESPONSIBILITY page 59 page 120 .... .> > ~ ~c.!;t~·,;:;..)o • t' Chapter Five Chapter Ten t1td"- ~-tY/ /b-. 'P THE MIDDLE Y EARS R ETURN TO S COTLAND page 69 page 131 )?~ /t£4~de- A ~ / ~ t't<v?? ~ L page 139 { THE ART OF CHARLES BELL: AN APPRAISAL /~L'v£Z£7/~ ~ by M ichael Godby ~ ~.c:--a:-<e ~ Notes 161 171 Index Significant Dates in Charles Bell's Life 167 174 Trustees of the Bell Heritage Trust Select Bibliography 169 174 List of Subscribers CONTENTS 5 ACKNOWlEDGEMENTS ------------------ ~ --------------------- • t has been a pleasure and privilege to research and write the Most of the superb artworks on which the book depends for text and captions of The Life and \Work of Charles Bell. In doing its visual appeal are held by the John and Charles Bell Heritage I so, I had the support, advice and help of many people and Trust Collection which is on loan to the University of Cape institutions and, while there is not sufficient space here to thank Town's Libraries. To Dr Frank Bradlow, chairman of the Trust them all personally, I must place on record my gratitude to those since its inception in 1978, I owe my most profound gratitude for who have made a notable contribution to the creation of the book. his patience, warm friendliness and encouragement. Professor First I must express my deep appreciation to Old Mutual, the Brian Warner, also a Trustee, was extremely helpful, as was generous sponsor of this publication, without whose support it Professor Michael God by. I must also thank Lesley Hart and her would have been difficult indeed to produce it. My special thanks staff at Manuscripts and Archives, UCT Libraries. They have are due to Frans Davin, a former managing director of the sponsor, been of immense help to me. and to Trevor Janse, Manager, Events & Heritage Management. The assistance of Leonie Twentyman Jones, formerly in charge ~o============= Rhinoceros shooting. Watercolour. 13.5 x 21.5 cm. Bell Heritage Trust Collection, UCT 6 T HE LI FE AND WORK O F CHARLES BEL L ~ 1 11 • ~ XMMXGRANT Charles Davidson Belt energetic and afer0 bfedded with an enquiring tnino, an ebullient dende of hunwur ano a prooigioud artutic tafen0 waJ two tnonthd Jhort of hu &eventeenth birthoay when he firJt dteppeo onto the JhoreJ of Table Bay in the Jpring of 1830. Son ofAfexanJer Bef4 a tenant farmer of the part".fh of Craif in Fije&hire, and hiJ wife, l &abeffa DallWdon, Charfe& ha{) left hid native Scotland earlier in the yeat; made the long journey douthwardd to Weymouth anJ, on 3 June, boarded the barque Lady East, bound for the Cape of Good H ope.' Afm.odt three tnonthd offoul weather and fair fay aheaJ for Charfed Beff and hid fellow pMdengerd - nwJtfy army per.1onnef of variouJ rank& bound for duty in.lnoia - but at faA the hazy blue outline of Table Mountain roJe on the horizon, dignaffing that l.anofalf wM aft but imminent. =====~erd (tgure 1 Table Bay and Cape Town, from the foot of Table Mountain. Watercolour. 13 x 21 cm. Bell Heritage Trust Collection, UCT This scene, showing Cape Town and Table Ba y beyond, was painted by Charles Bell from a vantage poi111 on the lower slopes of Table Mountain. (tgure 2 Table Mountain etc from the beach of Table Bay. Watercolour. 14 x 22 cm. Bell Heritage Trust Collection, UCT The wide sweep of Table Bay, as Befl would have seen it on his arrival attlte Cape. In the absence ofa harbou~; sailing vessels plying the sea route be!lfleen east and west are obliged to fie at anchor in the roadstead. On the beach a stranded vessel attracts the imerest of 'Malay' (tshermen. THE IMMIGRANT 15 To many a prospective settler at this time, the Mountain itself- that dominated the little town. sight of Africa's southern extremity would The carriage bearing Colonel Bell and his young have aroused certain pangs of apprehension, nephew homeward would have swept them but for the youthful Bell there was no need past the Grand Parade with its marching red­ for any such sense of alarm. In Cape Town coated soldiers and its fluttering Union Jack; to welcome him was his uncle, Colonel past the massive, tumble-down Great John Bell, who for the past four years had Barracks occupied by the British garrison; held the office of colonial secretary and past the Keizersgracht's elegant, tree-shaded was thus second only in importance to private houses; and, with a clatter of the governor, Sir Lowry Cole. Moreover, hooves, into the town's main thoroughfare. there must have been an added sense of It was grandly known as the Heerengracht, confidence in the knowledge that Colonel or gentleman's walk, though there was little Bell's wife, Lady Catherine, was the elder that was gentlemanly about the filmy, sister of Lady Frances Cole, chatelaine evil-smelling canal that ran its length, of Government House. Shortcomings carrying Cape Town's rubbish and and discomforts there would effluent northwards to the sea. But at undoubtedly be in a colonial town so me street's southern end, the canal far removed from the sophistication was left behind and the carriage, hors­ of London and Edinburgh, but figure 3 Charles Bell as a young man. 1833. es stepping nimbly now, would have Charles was little acquainted with tl1e Pencil. 12.8 x 10 cm. Coli: MuseumAfrica entered me Government Avenue pleasures of these great cities and at roofed by the dappled leafiness of This sketch of Charles Bell as a young man was executed by the Cape, in the company of his uncle Cape Town's oaks in meir first fl ush Sir Charles D'Oyly, an official in the Indian civil service lfJho and aunt, he would undoubtedly of spring green. To the left mere spent pan of 1832 and 1833 at the Cape 011 sick leave. Bell and have the opportunity to enjoy what­ D'Oyly would have met at Government House and it is possible was Government House, hardly an ever entertainments were available. that they went sketching together on the Cape Peninsula. Bell, impressive residence for such an Besides, to a young man of adven­ according to his friend Piazzi Smyth, was at this stage, 'a hand­ important official as the governor, and turous spirit there was always the some-looking fellou:~ ... not very tall, but certainly not to be compared with thrilling possibility of an excursion broad-built and muscular'. edifices fulfilling a similar function in into the exciting, mysterious and other, more significant, British largely unexplored interior. colonies. On the right stretched me Cape Town boasted no harbour in those days. Ships lay at Government Gardens, planted by me Dutch East India Company anchor out in the bay and passengers, transported by rowing almost two centuries earlier with vegetables and fruit for the boat across the lurching waves, clambered ashore by means of succour of passing sailors but now, shady wim exotic trees and the rickety jetty close to the grey bulk of the Castle of Good shrubs, the casual meeting place of Cape Town's high society on Hope. A sprawling slate structure, with five 'points' or bastions fine Sunday mornings. named after the titles of the Prince of Orange, tl1e Castle had At the very top of Government Avenue, on its east side and been erected in the mid-seventeenth century by the Dutch East almost a mile from the town, stood Hope MilV a long, low India Company to protect its small but strategic refreshment sta­ house, so named because of an adjoining watermill, its wheel tion at the Cape from rivals intent on grasping for themselves its driven by a mountain stream .
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