Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 126 (1996), 989-1004

INDEX

Note usersfor thisof Index Author Inde e citee th ar sxn di with page reference sbriea onld fy an indicatio subjecte th f no indicateF . microfichsa e th n i e envelope at the back of this volume. Places within Britain and Ireland are indexed, variously, under old historical counties or local council areas; other places under name, distric countryd an t . Single citation f finso d spot r archaeologicao s ls a site g s(e comparanda) have been omitted. Entries under potter e listeyar d chronologically, then alphabetically (thus, various sortf o s medieval pottery will follow Romano-British pottery).

abbey6 44 s Fowlis Wester 459-62 anInchaffrae dse y Abbey Lunanhead 1-16 Abercairney, Perthshire 730, 740 antler object7 96 s handle 785-6, 862 535, 650, 763, 799, 911-27 offcuts 737, 740, 787-8, Allanshaw 129, 1303 ,14 perforated disc 587 Atherb, Maud 40, 41, 43, 46-7 point with lead tip 644 Balquhain 899-901 waste material 183 Beldorney Castle 902-3 Antonine Wall 303, 337, 3745 ,96 Borrowstone 135, 145, 1501 ,15 dismantling 354, 966 Broomend of Crichie 129, 141, 143, 149 Ditch 303, 304, 310, 337, 351, 364, 367 Castle Hill, Kintore 149 Rampart 304-8, 336-7, 347, 351, 354, 358, 365, 367 Chapelden, Aberdour 1272 ,15 sites along Wall: Clinterty, Kinellar 150, 151 Barburgh Mill 341 Cruden 145, 150 Beancross 355, 3587 ,36 East Finnercy 32, 40, 41, 44, 46, 48, 49 Callendar Park 337, 344 Essli Greatee eth r 98-9 Castlecary 322, 327, 337, 365, 374 8 9 , 97 , 91 , Loanhea49 , 48 , f Daviodo 44 , 40 t Cleddans 337, 339, Mains of Scotstown, Bridge of Don 121-30, 152 Croy 337, 341, 344, 374 Midtown of Pitglassie, 17-51, 98 Duntocher 337, 3384 ,34 Pitglassie (North) 18, 42 Falkirk 337, 365 Rattray Castle 670, 671, 672, 726 Inveravon 365, 366 Sandhole Quarry, Denhead, Fetterangus 134-412 15 , Kinneil 303^6, 360-4, 367 Seabags 337, 338, 3412 ,34 Tavelty Farm, Kintore 141-51 Watling Lodge 3372 ,34 Upper 1275 ,14 Wilderness 337, 339, 342 Aberlemno, Angus 4430 ,46 stream crossings 347-69 Achanduin Castle, Lismore, Argyll & Bute 584, 585 CO. ANTRIM, aerial photography 149, 196, 202, 212, 363^, 391, 443, 9 4 , 48 , 46 , 44 , 43 , Lyle42 , s41 , Hil15 l 495-6,513 anvil base 749, 751, 782, 815 and see crop marks pit for - block 525-6 Agricola 371, 372, 373, 375, 376, 378, 384 archaeological wor obstacled kan , 15115 s , 159, 272, agricultural practices 191, 196 297-300 grazing 128, 140, 148, 259, 435-60 44 , archery 121, 145 arrowheade , se 150 d ,an 1517 s96 , manuring 164, 165, 166, 185,433^1 architectural history see documentary sources post-medieval 191 architecture, megalithi , 99-10c88 0 and see cereals, cultivation remains, fields, gardens, ancirclese dse , Clava cairns, monuments, passage plants, middens, rig and furrow graves agricultur landscapd ean e 152 Ardoch, Perthshire 321, 375 6 Bronz67 e eAg ARGYLL and BUTE lecture summar n 968-yo 9 Achanduin, Lismore 584, 585 Alcock Lesli Elizabetd ean AlcockhA , Castle Sween, Knapdale 517-57, 5990 ,64 455-7 Dunstaffnage, Oban 559-603 Aliaga-Kelly, Christopher, Hallow Hill grave goods 436- lona 4410 67 , 47 Rothesay, Bute 5969 ,59 analyses charcoale se , , geological, geophysical, plants, Arma Christi 899, 904, 9058 ,90 pollen, phosphate, soil, trees armory, heraldic devices 579-81 Anglo-Saxons 438-9, 462 armour 537-8, 644 Allanshaw, Aberdeenshire 1302 ,14 anweapone dse s ANGUS ARRAN Aberlemno 4432 ,46 Moor 33, 45 I SOCIET 0 99 ANTIQUARIEF YO SCOTLANDF SO , 1996

timber circles 63-4 bell, copper allo4 85 y arrowheads, bell shrine, copper allo4 50 y flint Bewcastle Cross, Cumbri2 46 a barbed and tanged 143, 146-7, 150, 790 birds leaf-shaped 17, 22, 35, 37, 38, 41, 44, 47, 48, 49, of prey 459-63 98 and see bird bones petit-tranchet derivative 61, 65, 74, 76-7 Birnie, Jacky, pollen assessment 242-7 iron 539, 644, 772 Birrens, Dumfrieshire 3 32137 , barbed 585, 2 74977 , Blackfriars, see Dominicans pointed 644 Blanchard, Linda, excavation t Measa l Vennel, Pert3 73 h spike blade 537 Boardman, Sheila, report on charcoal 597 art palaeobotanical analysis 674 Carolingian fresco manuscriptd an s 3 46 s boat, reused timber from 702, 3 70472 , Christian symbolism 465-6 9 4 , 48 , 47 , 46 Boghead , 45 , 44 ,, Mora43 , 41 y , 31-340 , late Roman 462, 463 bog moss, used as floor covering 140 Atkin, Susanne clan o , y pipe6 92 s and see plants Atherb, Maud, Aberdeenshire 40, 41, 43, 46-7 bone animal Ashgrove, Methilhill, 140, 145, 151 burnt 206, 222, 226, 229, 230, 234, 235, 248, 259, Aubrey Holes, see 414. 432, 470, 5 74274 , Avielochan, Strathspey, Highland 7 94-59 , 96 , fragments 113-14, 118, 164, 217, 278, 281, 408, 414, awls: 415. 422, 423, 487, 489, 523, 617, 618, 619, bon1 18 e 621, 675, 695, 698, 797, 798 copper alloy 130, 132-3 bones: amphibian flint 35 frog 184 iron 546 animal, axes: badger 793 copper 967 brown bear (Ursus arctos)0 94 flint flake 422 cat (Felix catus) 114, 510, 598, 634, 670, 695, iron 308, 320-21 725, 749, 2 79281 , stone, battle 211, 241, 252, 5 25726 , cattle (Bos) 80, 164, 165, 169, 172, 183, 229, 230, micaschist 150 248, 285, 414, 418, 431-2, 433, 438, 509-11, polished 423 553, 598, 622, 669, 679, 725, 792^1,7 81282 , butchered 183, 308, 336, 510, 568, 598, 6 74996 , Bailey, Geoff B, excavations at Kinneil fortlet 303^16 (Canisg do sp) 114, 164, 165, 169, 183, 510, 553, stream crossing Antoninn so e Wall 347-69 635, 670, 725, 749, 2 79281 , Balbirnie, Fife 41, 42, 66, 84, 87 fox (Vu/pes vulpes) 510, 511 , Fife 66, 87, 648 goat (Capra hircus) 598, 671, 2 79281 , 66 grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) 184, 940 Riding School sit6 6 e hare 511,792-3 Balnuaran of Clava, Inverness shire 83, 84, 87, 89, 90, horse (Equus ) 114sp , 183, 285, 432, 511, 553, 0 10 , 97 , 9192 , 725, 749, 792, 812 Balquhain, Aberdeenshire 899-901 ovi/capri , 16480 d, 169, 183, 248, 285, 414, 432, Barber, John, Bronze Age burial cairns 103-20 433^1, 553, 598, 621, 622, 669, 679, 725, 792, Barclay, Gordon, background report on Lower Greenyards 812 202^1 pig (Sus domestica) 80, 114, 164, 165, 169, 183, Bar Hill, Dunbartonshire 321, 322, 4 32337 , 248, 285, 420, 432, 433, 438, 440, 509-11, bark, burnt 525 553. 598, 669, 725, 2 79281 , Barnetson, Lin, report on bone 248, fiche 1/E1-E3 rabbit 164, 165, 169, 184, 285, 433, 511, 553, Barns Farm, Dalgety Bay, Fife 130, 150 554. 792 barrel, see wooden cask rat (Rattus rattus) 725, 792-3 barrows 116-19 red deer (Cervus elaphus) 164, 169, 183, 511, earthern 87 553, 590, 598, 792, 812 Yorkshire non megalithic 41 rodent 114, 164, 169, 184, 400, 432, 434, 510, ancairne dse s 725 basketry roe deer 511,553,725,792,812 impression potter2 n s7 o , 66 y sheep (Ovis aries) 80, 114, 165, 440, 509-10, beads: 598, 670-1, 725-6, 827 bone 784-5 and see horn glass 211, 239-40, 252, 257, 264, 8 42078 , bones: bird 103, 114, 184,285 stone 289, 291 barnacle goose (Branta leucopsis) 794 beam balances, copper alloy 482, 498-500, 846, 857 buzzard (Buteo buteo) 725, 726, 794 Beech Hill House, Perthshire 66, 84 cormorant (Phalacrocorax carpo) 114, 794 1 INDE99 I X

4 corvid79 . sp stoneware 956-7 curlew (Numenius arquata) 671 arrowsd an archere w se , bo y domestic fowl (Callus gallus) 511, 554, 598, 671, bracelets: 726, 749, 793, 812, 826 glass 421-28 43 , dove/pigeon (Columbidae 4 sp.)55 jet 422, 438 duck/mallard (Anas sp.) 511, 554, 598, 725, 793 silver 418, 436, 437, 439 fieldfare (Turdus pilaris)4 18 stone 287, 289, 291 gannet (Sula bassana) 114 Brackmont Hill, Fife 648, 677 goose/greylag goose (Anser anser) 114, 511, 518, Braidwood, Midlothian 2623 26 , 554,671,725, 794, 812 brass seal matrixe f Inchaffraso y Abbe5 50 y Great Auk (Alca impennis) 184 bridges grouse (Lagopus lagopus) 554 ston0 36 e guillemot (Una aalge) 114, 671 timber framed 347, 358-60 gull (Lams sp.) 671 brochs 187, 264, 265, 963, 964 house sparrow (Passer domesticus) 7256 72 , Bronze eAg jackdaw (Corvus sp) 511, 554 1 19 burial, 13 , 1 s kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) 114 cairns 103-20 magpi0 51 e cremation cemetery 387 owl (Tyto alba) 554 Early 563, 610, 672, 675 raven (Corvus corax)4 79 long cists 442-3 red grouse (Lagopus Scoticus) 114 bronze objects snipe (Gallinago gallinago) 114 , 41877 brooche , 42065 , , 56 436s , 4379 43 , teal (Anas crecca) 114 ewe2 58 r wigeon (Anas penelope) 511, 5984 79 , finger ring, 414, 418, 437, 439 bones: fish 103, 184, 285, 539, 618, 619, 621, 675, 725, fragments 413, 420, 438,.529 7932 81 , harness strap junction 308, 318-20, 418 Angler fish (Lophius piscatorius) 1654 18 , sea420x bo l , 436-79 43 , cod (Gadus morhua) 114, 164, 165, 169, 184, 510, vessels, cast 582 5542 67 , ancoppee dse r alloy objects conge l (Congeree r conger) 5542 67 , brooches haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) 164, 165, 184, amuletic inscribed 636 672 annular 745, 761-3 hake (Merluccius merluccius) 165, 184 disc 418, 420,436, 437, 439 ling (Molva molva)2 67 enamelled bird 463 mackerel (Scomber scombrus) 166, 184 pin 498 pollack (Pollachius pollachius) 165, 184,672 ring 546, 581, 636 saithe (Pollachius virens) 166, 184 Romano-British 56, 65, 77 Thornball ray (Raja clavata) 164, 166, 184 Broomen f Crichiedo , Aberdeenshire 129, 141, 1439 14 , bone, human Broxmouth, East Lothian 191, 192, 236, 262, 2633 44 , Bruce, Margaret, reports on inhumations 125, fiche 1/A3- radiocarbon dates from 133, 140, 149, 294-53 42 , A7; 132, fiche 1/A8-A10; 137, fiche 1/A11- and see cremations, dental analyses, inhumations, A14; 143, fiche 1/B1-B2 pathological conditions Bryce , post-Reformatio, D la nB n Catholic symbolism bone objects 899-909 awl 181 Bu Farm, Rapness, Westray, 103-20 beads 784-5 Buckley, Laureen, report on skeleton 77, 79 button 542 buckles decorated mounts 708, 722, 827, 862 copper alloy 482, 498, 535, 536, 582, 636, 747, 763, handles 776, 7854 86 , 804 moun2 54 t iron 546, 772-4 needl0 15 e pin8 49 s perforated 786 buildings piece r scalfo s e tang knif4 64 e foundation for timber 740-2 pins 83, 539, 542, 787 masonry 626-8, 680, 733, 745, 747, 749, 915-17, point1 18 s 9206 92 , ring 150 in medieval burg5 60 h tally stick 742, 788 rectangular wooden 303, 311-12, 338, 339 toggles 74, 644, 787 stone foundation r 624—6fo s 0 68 , worked 169, 181, 182, 417, 421, 481 timber 610, 612-15, 676-7, 733 Border Counties 968-9 burgage boundaries and plots 624, 689-712, 728-30, 751, Borrowstone cemetery, Aberdeenshire 135, 145, 150, 151 797, 799, 815, 816, 882 bottles burials, see cairns, cemeteries, cists, cremation, graves, glass 512, 853-4 inhumation I SOCIET 2 99 ANTIQUARIEF YO SCOTLANDF SO , 1996

Burrows, Jonathan, excavation t Scotsa , PertSt t h 633, cremation activity 20, 22, 108, 110 795-801 domestic burning 128, 210, 745, 814 Butser Farm, Hampshir1 17 e grain drying kiln 737, 795 buzzbones, see toggles from hearths 521-2 industrial activity 524, 529, 530, 7062 74 , from kiln7 91 s , West Lothian 41, 443 from malting kil2 70 n cairns 17, 18, 27-8, 46, 47, 279, 291-2 occupation debris 61, 164, 169, 172, 487, 523, 552 associated with long cists 415, 443 radiocarbon dates from 22, 23, 38, 65, 82, 108, 114, Bronze Age 103-20 185, 226, 229, 4083 42 , 5 29 , 84 kerb , 47 - from small round wood 226, 259, 612, 674, 677 3 44 , 83 , 65 platform , 56 , 53 - from squared timbers 575, 597 prehistoric burial 272-3, 297, 298, 299, 589 anplantse dse , trees quartzite pebble 279, 291, 297 Charles I 888 ring- 41, 46, 47, 48, 49, 87, 89-90, 98-9 Cheer, Peter slab-built 105, 109, 116 pottery from Cana , PertSt l h 712-18 and see Clava cairns pottery from Meal Vennel 753-60 Cnoc Stanger, Reay 157-89 pottery from Scott St 801^1 chert Caldwell potteryn o , D , , Castle Sween 546-50 small finds, Dunstaffnage 279-87 burnt flake 222 small finds, St Andrews, Castlecliffe 635^15 flake 206, 212, 234 Linlithgow Palace 823-69 chest, iron bound 585 Camelon, Falkirk churches 472, 481, 482, 487, 881, 893-4, 930 native site 263, 2645 26 , circles, stone 53^t, 87, 89 Roman fort 3746 43 , and central cairn 90-2 Cameron, Alison, excavations in Old Aberdeen 911-27 fou eigh& r t ston84 e candlesticks, iron recumbent 18, 19, 41, 42, 46, 47, 48, 49, 56, 84, 98-9 pricke5 77 t settings for 17, 40, 42-3, 46, 48 socketed 747, 774-5 circles, timber 63, 100 Cannel, John, excavations at Kinneil fortlet 303^-6 , 19147 cist, , 27313 9 s 27 , Carpow, Perthshire 4369 43 , bog moss on floor 140 Carrington, Ann, Pictish sculpture 459-68 clay luting 116, 124-5, 134, 141, 1431 15 , lecture summary 970-1 covers 401,406 Carter, Stephen, Sands of Breckon, 271-301 within kerbed funerary monumen , 56-853 t0 6 , micromorpholog burief yo d soil 672^1 long 291, 297, 298-9, 396, 403-16, 442-35 44 , castles 517-57, 559-603, 5990 64 , cemetery 387—454 Castle Sween, Knapdale, Argyl Butd an le 517-57, 599, in Fife 441-3 640 multiple 295 Catstane, Midlothian 440, 4434 44 , organic deposit2 15 s cemeteries origi f 442—no 3 and community 441-3 pebbles used as flooring 124, 129-30, 143, 152 in territorial landscape 444-7 under platform cairns 443 and see bones, human, cairns, cists, cremations, radiocarbon dates 443^t graves, inhumations under ring-moun7 4 , 46 , 28 d ceramic floorood an rf tiles tilee se , s short 121-55 cereals 39, 128-9, 139^0, 148, 244, 247, 258, 434, 612, slab-built 103, 108, 109, 116, 119,291,403 674 Clarke, Ann, report on coarse stone artefacts 241-2, fiche carbonized 247-8, 695, 727, 742, 795 1/C11-C13 barley (Hordeum) 164, 166, 169, 247, 258, 550-1, Clarke, Simon, Newstead excavations lecture summary 695, 726, 727, 737, 795, 813, 814 965-6 (Hordeum vulgare r vulgare)va L 4 67 Clava cairns 40, 41, 46, 48, 49, 54, 83-4, 87-102 oat (Avena spp.) 247, 258, 674, 695, 726, 727, 737, with circles 92^t9 9 , 795, 814 without circles 94—6 (Avena strigosa Schreb)0 55 3 8 platform , 56 , 53 s rye 551, 674 possible radiocarbon date from 90 wheat (Triticum) 247, 550, 674, 7277 96 , siting 96-7 chambered tomb1 4 s Clickhimin, Mainland, Shetland 177, 187, 288 and see Clava cairns clothing chape2 47 l mail garmen6 63 t Chapelden, Aberdour, Aberdeenshire 1272 15 , plaid5 53 s 8 2 charcoa , 26 , 25 l Cnoc Stanger, Reay, Caithness 157-89 buried soil 65, 82 coal 632, 633, 674, 702, 706, 727, 749, 827 INDEX I 993

'coble', see malting embanked cemeterie6 4 s coffins, wood 935 funerary practices 48, 49, 117 coins: 288, 926 pits 17, 22, 40, 49, 53, 61, 65, 80-1, 103 Brabantian silve0 79 r Cromwell, Oliver 373, 375, 376, 378 John Balliol silver penny 5263 53 , Croom, Alexandra T, on nailed leather shoes 321-8 Charle coppeI s r turners 533, 534, 5794 92 , cropmarks 15, 196, 199, 202 Charles II 579 bomb crater 196 Charles II/Willia I coppemII r bodl4 72 e excavation of 191-7 Edwar dsilveI r pennies 508, 579, 581, 6352 74 , glacial featur6 19 e Edward I/II 5263 53 , gravel pits 191, 192 English jetton 790 crosslet gunloops 899, 905-8 Francois I 508 crucible pit 525-6 James III black farthing 724 crucibles 702, 724, 745, 792 James IV 489, 508 Cruft, Kitty, Montgomer t 177yAc 0 lecture summary 5 Jame63 I sV 968-9 Mar f Scotyo s 8002 81 , Crustacea 164, 1694 18 , medieval 504, 745 Culduthel, Inverness shire 95-6 Rober I groaI t0 79 t Culloden,4 battl38 f eo Robert III silver groat 526, 534 cultivatio , 12882 n, 140, 148, 164, 165, 185, 247, 258-9, sestertius 321 398, 399, 435-6, 409, 700-2 Schleswig-Holstein 18t8 28 h ard ploughing 110-11, 157, 164, 165, 166, 167, 185 Willia Lioe mth n farthin7 78 g rig and furrow 204, 211, 221-2, 234, 252 coinweight for English gold half-angel 508 late medieval rig and furrow 304, 317, 418 Coleman, Russel J, burgage plots in Perth 689—732 culverts 347-51, 352-4, 358 Collard, Mark, medical practice in Edinburgh 929^11 andraine dse s Comlongon, Dumfries and Galloway 871-9 CUMBRIA Constantine, kin Pictlanf go Dalriadd& a 4556 45 , Swarthy Hill milefortlet 339-401 34 , copper alloy objects Cundill, June and Peter Cundill, pollen analysis 434—6 chain 761, 771 cups costume fittings 761 glass 421,422-3,438,439 decorative dis1 32 c woo4 86 d drawn wire 761, 764 cup-mark stone se , e objects ferrul6 63 e curry-comb 216 fragments 1258 12 , Cursus Apri 391-4, 446 mail 636, 644 patch 4981 76 , ring splid san t pin2 58 s daggers: rod implement 582 copper allo knife-daggee se y r sheet 212, 234, 534, 582, 747, 761, 768-70 iron 537-8, 8584 64 , studs 489-500 Dalcross Mains, Inverness shire 92-4, 97 textile equipment 761 Dalladies long barrow, , Kincardineshire 83 tweezers/parchment clips 6368 63 , daub 217, 222, 225, 226, 231, 7379 74 , washers 498, 500, 537 furnace lining 7401 75 , waste 740 David I 823 working 745,747, 751, 791-2 David II 823, 882 and see awls, axes, bell, bell shrine, beam balances, Delftfield pottery, Glasgo0 w59 brooches, buckles, daggers, finger rings, harp, dental analyse , 11279 s , 113, 125, 132, 137, 151,415, horse harness, knife-dagger, knives, lace 424-9 chapes, mountings, needles, pins, rivets, seals, disease 412,431, 938 spurs, straps, vessels abcesses 427-88 93 , Corrimony, Clava, Inverness shire 83, 89, 92 caries 426-7, 938 counters peridonta7 42 l cerami1 84 c post-mortem tooth removal 929, 937, 939^0 stone 842, 864 DEVON Cox, Adrian, artefacts from Canal St, Perth 718-24 Exeter 678, 760, 763, 770, 810 Backland activitie medievan si l Perth 733-821 dishes, silver 504 artefacts from Meal Vennel, Perth 760-89, 791-2 ditches artefacts from Scot , PertSt t h 804-10, 811-12 boundary 737, 797, 815 cramp (vitrified slag8 11 ) associated with house4 21 s cremation 24, 38, 48, 56, 58, 80-1, 103, 109, 111-13, defensive 216-22 130 Neolithic rin7 8 g cists 103 undateable ring 191, 194 994 I SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 1996 disc, stone 423 TraprainLaw 3190 32 , Dixon, Dianne, thin section petrograph6 28 y Edward I 372, 373, 376, 823, 882 Dockrill , geophysicaS , l surve f Inchaffrayo y Abbe1 48 y Edwards, Kevin, repor tracn o t f coppeeo r 128 documentary sources report on pollen evidence 128-9, 133 Antonine Wall 347, 3553 36 , effigies 970 Aberdeen (Old) 911-13,921,923 Elgin Cathedral, 506, Blackfriar Stirlinf o s g 881-5, 887-90 cross-slab 459-62, 465-61 97 , Castle Sween 517-18 Elphinstone, East Lothian 871-9 Conques f Scotlano t d 372-84 enamel Dunstaffnage Castle 559-61, 601 Romano-British 77, 418 l fishinee 8 85 g medieval 5791 58 , export of cat and dog skins 670, 726 enclosures 278-95 29 , falconry 4623 46 , Essli Greatere eth , Aberdeenshire 98-9 Hallow Hill, St Andrews Fife 387-8, 390-8, 421 Ewan, Lorna, origin f Inchaffraso y Abbey 471-81 Inchaffray Abbey 471-81, 5123 51 , Ewart, Gordon, Inchaffray Abbey, Perth & Kinross 469- Lady Yester's kirk, Edinburgh 930-1 516 manufacture of clay pipes 593, 596 Castle Sween, Knapdale 517-57 metalworking in Meal Vennel, Perth 815-16 ewer, cast bronz2 58 e Newbigging Pottery, Musselburgh 943-7 Exeter, Devon 678, 760, 763, 770, 810 St Andrews Castle 605-9, 680-1 Swallowgait 680 Sands of Breckon, Yell, Shetland 72-3, 287, 297 Fairweather, Alan, report on carbonized seeds 247-8, settlement at Perth 689, 692, 693, 728, 730, 736 fiche 1/C14-D14 tower houses 871-6 report on botanical remains in Perth 726-7 drains 625, 626-7, 680, 689, 7129 79 , Meal Vennel, Pert5 79 h box 749 Scot , PertSt t h 813-14 castle 527 falconry earthernwar7 83 e Christian symbolism 459, 464, 465-6 fortlet 314-15, 316, 341 legal texts 462, 4645 46 , lead pipe 495, 500, 512 mounted falconers 459-68 monastic buildings 484-7, 494, 495, 513 origins of 462 Dridaig Cottage, Edderton, Highland 130-32 15 , FALKIRK Dryburn Bridge, East Lothian 191, 192, 259, 260-1 Camelon fort 3743 46 , Duffy, Alan, excavation of Bronze Age cairns 103-20 Camelon native site 263, 2645 26 , DUMFRIES faunal remains 114, 118, 183-4, 553-5 Birrens 321, 373 and see bones, amphibian, animal, bird and fish Comlongon 871-9 fences 166, 702, 7207 73 , DUNBARTONSHIRE anfiele dse d boundaries Bar Hill 321, 322, 323, 374 ferrule, copper allo6 63 y duns 264, 963, 964 fields Dunstaffnage Castle 559-603 boundaries 164-5, 166, 185, 1964 20 , Chapel 573, 576, 5780 60 , clearance 417 Dupplin Cross, Forteviot, Perthshire 455-7 medieval/post medieva - lsyste 2 m22 plot marker4 20 s wall6 16 s early Christian 191, 387, 396, 442, 443, 462 anagriculturae dse l activity, cultivation remains burial practices 423^1, 440-1 FIFE iconograph4 46 y Ashgrove, Methilhill 140, 145, 151 literature 462 Balbirni7 e8 , 41,4284 , 66 , monastic sites 475-6 Balfarg 66, 87, 648 Easterto Roseislef no , Mora7 4 y , 31-241 , 40 , Balnacarron 647-87 67 , East Finnercy, Echt, Aberdeenshir, 46 , , 4144 40 , , 32 e Barns Farm, Dalgety Bay 130, 150 47, 48, 49 Brackmount Hill 648, 677 EAST LOTHIAN Hallow Hill t AndrewS , s 387-454 Broxmouth 191, 192, 236, 262, 2633 44 , St Andrews 390, 391-2, 394-6, 397-8, 446, 6577 67 , Dryburn Bridge 191, 192, 259, 260-1 Castlecliffe 605-88 Elphinstone 871-9 Cathedral 459-62, 465-6 Lady Yester's kirkyard, Edinburgh 929-41 Tentsmuir 647, 648, 6497 67 , Newbigging Pottery, Musselburgh 943-62 finger rings Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh 929, 930, 939-40 bronze enamelled 418, 436, 4379 43 , Skateraw 145, 191^, 196 copper alloy 414, 418, 498, 535, 536, 636, 764 Surgeons' Square, Edinburg0 94 h golsapphird dan e 742, 760-1 Thorn tonloch 191, 194-6 shale 217, 241, 251 INDEX 995

silver fed4 50 e ornamental 9234 92 , ston9 28 e Cask, Inverness shire 89, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98 Finlaggan, Islay, Western Isles 535, 539, 546, 5815 58 , Cask Ridg5 37 e Finlay, Judith human o , animad nan l bones 181, 183^ Gater, J, geophysical survey of Inchaffray Abbey 481 Finlayson, Bill, on stone artefacts 111, 240-1, fiche I/ geological source r buildinsfo g material toold san s C6-C10 Caithness flagstone 166 fire conglomerate6 5 s -bricks (for kilns) 950, 951 dolerit7 40 e -hardened surface 22, 23, 26, 40, 43, 45 felsite 135-6 funeral pyres 40, 43, 117 flint 4-5, 35, 76, 181 stee strike-a-lighte se l s granite 124, 1341 14 , fish bonee se , s mud-stone 4004 40 , fish-hooks: sandstone 130, 132, 400, 403-48 ,48 iron 289-90, 539, 640, 742, 781 schis1 14 t flint 1, 4-15, 17, 25, 33, 35, 36, 61, 142, 143, 147, 150, geology at 179, 181, 191,790 Castle Sween, Knapdale 517 broad blades 1, 6, 15 Cnoc Stanger, Rea9 15 y burins 6 Dunstaffnage Castle 559, 561 burnt 36, 37, 222, 225, 241 Hallow Hill t AndrewS , s 398-9 fabricato7 3 , 35 r Inchaffray Abbey 469-71 flakes 6, 15, 35, 76-7, 150, 206, 216, 217, 222, 230, Lower Greenyards, Bannockburn 199-201 231,234, 235,240-1,967 St Andrews, Castlecliff5 60 e flake tools 127-8, 130, 132, 1379 13 , geophysical survey 202, 481, 513, 609, 9656 96 , gun flint 542 Gibson, Alex, origins of Inchaffray Abbey 471-81 5 1 , nodule5 , 4 , 1 s glass knapping 5-6 37-, 15 , 8 beads 211, 239^10, 252, 257, 421, 788, 966 knife 150, 967 bracelet 421-2 4386 96 , pebble5 3 , 5 s bottles 512, 596-7,853-4- scrapers 6, 15, 76, 196, 737, 745, 967 cup 421-2, 4389 43 , serrated blade , 76-74 s7 C18-C20 811-12 slug knife 6, 13 'grisaille' decorated 505-6 sourcegeologicae se , sof l sources linen smoothe8 78 r spall 143 medieval5 6 , , stil59 l and see axes, arrowheads, awls Cl9 vessel 799,811 flora cerealse se , , plants, trees rim/base 644 font, stone 568, 576-8 vessels 966 footwear shoee se , s wast2 81 e Ford, Barbara, small finds from Inchaffray 498-505 wine 854 forge 517, 524, 555, 7495 81 , anmillefiore dse windowd an i s anvil block 525-6, 749, 815 gold 'crucible' 524-5 finger rin t witgse h sapphire 760-1 quenching box 524, 525 grain-drying kilns 706, 710, 730, 733, 737^10, 795, 815, forts 946 defences 216-26, 252-6, 265 Graves, Pamela, on window glass 505-7 Iron Age 964 on sculptured stones from a font 576-8 promontory 199,202,211-16,262-4 graves Roman 965-6 animal 635 for fortlets see Antonine Wall sites; for milecastles see boulder-edged 387, 399, 400, 407-8 Hadrian's Wall dry-stone walle3 44 d Fowlis Wester cross-slab, Pert Kinrosh& s 459-602 46 , dug 399, 400, 406, 441 Franks 462, 463 pit 407, 415 Fraser, David, Sands of Breckon survey 271-301 monastic 4890 ,49 fuel, see coal, peat, wood slab-built 400, 489, 490 anciste dse s 'grisaille' decorated glass 505-6 Gabra-Sanders, Thea, on textiles, 810-11 Groenma Waateringen Icemanne va Th W , lecturG , e textile impressio8 83 n summary 967 Gallagher, Denis, on clay pipes 507, 590-6 Grove, Richard animan o , l bone 509-11 gaming board human bone 511-12 inscribed slate 542 gun stock 827, 862 t piecje e 7422 78 , gardens Hadrian's Wall market 9214 92 , High House 338, 3392 34 , 996 I SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 1996

milecastles 337, 338, 3424 34 , hones 241, 693, 721, 782 Poltross Bur0 34 n horn river crossings 365, 366 cores 737, 740, 749, 797, 798, 799, 812-13 Rylands 342 hilt from knife dagger 145 Sewingshields 340-1 perforated 786—7 Haggarty, G, pottery from Inchaffray Abbey 496-7 working 737, 751, 787, 797, 812-135 81 , medieval pottery, St Andrews Castlecliffe 648-69 horse harness Newbigging pottery, Musselburgh 943—62 bits 539, 644 hair buckle, iron 500-1 cattle/horse 704, 706 pendant, copper alloy 766, 767 human 113, 118,935,937 pendants 581 Hall, Derek medievan o , l pottery 237-9, fiche 1/B12-C1 strap junction, bronze 308, 318-20 Hallow Hill t AndrewS , s 318-454• swivel rings 5394 77 , Halpin, Eoin animan o , l bone 284-5 anmountinge dse s Hamilton-Dyer, Sheila, on bird and fish bone 671-2 horsemen 455, 459-60 HAMPSHIRE Pictish sculptur4 46 e Butser Farm experiment 171 horseshoes 500-1, 587, 644, 698, 700, 702, 720, 737, 774 Winchester 498, 679-80 nails 500-1 Harden, Jill flinn o , t 790-1 houses Harding , AtlantiW D , c Iron Age, lecture summary 963—5 . earth 186 Harman, Mary animan o , l bon0 8 e 'Norse' 273, 279 harp (clarsach) ring-groove 214, 226-32, 251, 256-77, 260-2 copper alloy peg 535, 536 round 157, 165, 168-75, 186-7, 204, 216, 264, 265, string 535 963, 964 Harrison, Paul, metallurgy of knives from Meal Vennel, sub-rectangula9 15 r Perth 776-7 and see wheelhouses hearths 423, 316, 740 The Howe, Stromness, Orkney 187, 288 inside castle 521-2 Hume, David 953 firepit 229, 251,257,263 hunting 7 flu48 e in literature 464—5 forging- 524-6 in sculpture 459-62, 463^t, 970-1 under funerary monument 63 hut-circles 18 furnace linin2 79 g ?oven 487, 513 inside structures 175, 231, 487, 614, 625, 628, 631-2, the Iceman 967 680, 745 iconography 459, 465-6, 971 refuse 522, 612, 674 IHS monogram 899-904, 906, 907, 908 on road 314-15 Inchaffray Abbey, Pert Ignrosh& s 469-516 Roman fort 312-139 32 , industrial activity 527-33, 555, 733, 736, 747, 815 workshop 693-5 building 523-6, 530-3 heckle tooth 698, 720 debris 487, 508-9, 724, 737, 740, 742, 745, 791-2 Henderson, David, medical practice in Edinburgh 929-41 Roman fort 965-6 skeletal remains 936-8 stone-lined tan7 74 k Henderson, Julian glasn o , s bead 239^-0, fiche 1/C2 workshops 693-6 henge, 1001 14 14 , , 1 s and see iron smithing, malting, metalworking, tannery Henshall, Audrey S, pottery report 29-33 inhumations hides 725, 792, 793, 812, 967 adult 56, 77, 79, 121, 132, 136-7, 140, 143, 151, 152, skinning of small animals 670, 695, 726, 749, 751 292, 411-13, 414-15, 489, 511, 929, 931-2, HIGHLAND 934-56 93 , Cnoc Stanger, Reay, Caithness 157-89 child 400, 408, 411, 413, 414, 512, 936, 940 Dridaig Cottage, Edderton 130-3, 152 foetus 4068 40 , Hodgson, lan, on animal bones 336 prone burial 412-13 Holden , botanicaG T , l remains from Castle Sween 550-2 skeletal remains 164, 168, 183, 184, 422, 432, 512, Holmes, Nicholas M McQ, reports on coins 894, 929, 9360 94 , Inchaffray Abbe8 50 y inscription, Latin 4557 45 , Castle Sween 533^t INVERNESS-SHIRE Dunstaffnage 578-9 Avielochan, Strathspey 92-47 9 , St Andrews, Castlecliffe 635 Balnuaran of Clava 83, 84, 87, 89, 90, 91, 92, 97, Cana , Pert4 St l 72 h 100 Meal Vennel, Perth 789-90 Cnoc Stanger Reay, Caithness 157-89 Scot , Pen2 St t h81 Corrimon9 8 , 83 y homestead, palisaded 199, 202, 204-11, 254, 259-60, Culduthel 95-6 2645 26 , Dalcross Mains, 92^, 97 INDEX 997

8 9 , 97 , 96 , 95 , 94 , 92 Cas , 89 k Jordan, David, on geology, soils at Lower Greenyards Stoneyfield, Raigmore, Inverness 53-86 199-201 lona, Argyl Butd an le 4410 67 , Iroe 199nAg , 263^6 26 , Kerr, NW, dental report 132, 137 fiche 1/A8-A10 and Atlantic 963-5 A11-A14 burial 271, 297 keys 698, 7201 ,76 coastal promontory sites 297 for barrel padlock 539, 584, 779 settlement 290 caske0 64 t iron objects copper alloy 761, 764-6 blade 418 iron 546, 585, 720, 777-98 ,85 blooms 568 kiln sites/potteries bucket handle 501 Coulston 649 cast-shot 585, 858, 862 Downpatrick 549 chain link 501, 539, 775 Newbigging 943-62 chisels 503, 539 Seaton 9245 ,92 clench bolts 779, 503 Throsk 549, 550, 590, 654, 837-8 coffin handles 935 kilns door hinges 585, 640, 781 domestic 911, 917-21, 926 eel spear 858 grain-drying 706, 710, 730, 733, 737-40, 795, 815, furniture handles 858 946 heckle tooth 698, 720 kiln furniture 951, 953, 955 hooks 240, 501-3, 585 malting 689, 702, 710, 730 mail 636, 644 metalworking 517, 524, 527-30, 533, 5525 ,55 masons' chisels 858 Kimble, Anne Howard, on mollusca 181-3 miscellaneous 231, 234, 503, 700, 7182 ,77 KINCARDINESHIRE punch 503 Dalladies, Fettercair3 8 n quillo7 53 n Kinneil fortlet, Stirlingshire 303^16 rivets 534, 539, 5790 ,64 kitchen 487 rush light holder 640 knives sheet, from iron bound chest 585 copper alloy, knife-dagger 121, 143, 145, 146, 150, slater's hammerhead 858 422 spoon-hea t 539dbi 6 ,54 flint 150 structural 487, 489, 503^1, 539, 540, 5414 ,64 folding knife 805 tools 540 iron, blade 414, 418, 503, 524, 585, 618, 775 u-shaped staples 503, 781, 805, 808 whittle tang 208, 211, 240, 539, 546, 640, 700, vessels 5013 50 , 740, 742, 747, 751, 775-65 80 , and see arrowheads, awls, axes, buckles, candlestick, scale tang 640, 698, 700, 720, 721, 751, 775-6 fish-hooks, horse harness, horseshoes, keys, maker's mar0 72 k knives, locks, nails, needles, padlocks, scissors, metallurgy 776-7 sickles, shears, spurs, swords, weapons pruning 546 iron smithing 509, 733, 736, 740, 742, 745, 751, 772, Knowe f Quoyscottieso , Orkney 115, 116, 117-18, 815, 816 169 hammerscale 737, 740, 742, 749, 791, 815 smithy 749, 752, 774, 8156 ,81 lace chapes/tags 535, 638, 718, 763-4 James I 823, 832 latrines 339, 3651 ,47 James II 884 lead alloy 718 3 Jame82 I sII antler point tip 644 4 Jame88 V sI patche pottern so y 745, 754-52 77 , James V 823, 832, 865, 884, 885 peg 537 James VI 823, 832, 885, 887, 888 pilgrim's badge 638-9 Jarlshof, Mainland, Shetland 169, 187, 287, 289, 640, pipes 495,500,512 963 seal matrix 579, 582, 584 jet scrap sheet 584, 638, 7724 ,80 bracelet 422, 438 weight 5008 ,63 fragment 212 window kames 500, 853 gaming piece 7422 ,78 working 745, 771-2 Jedburgh Abbey, Roxburghshire 506, 636, 638 leather 'Jesus of Nazareth' inscription 636 fragment0 74 s Jew's harp 539 medieval shoes 742, 792, 816, 866 Johnston, Anne, excavations in Old Aberdeen 911-27 nailed shoes (R-B) 314, 321-8 Johnston, Daniel A, medical practice in Edinburgh 929- offcuts 7232 ,79 41 strap 6363 ,76 998 SOCIET ANTIQUARIEF YO SCOTLANDF SO , 1996

and see shoes, tannery chipped stone scatter 2402 ,25 Lee, Frances skeleton o , n 292-4 microlith 257 Lee, Jenny, on coarse pottery 236, fiche 1/B3-B11 metalworking 555, 736, 745, 747, 761, 815 leprosy, see pathological conditions debris 702, 740, 747, 815 Lewis, John, Dunstaffnage Castle 559-603 middens Linlithgow Palace 823-69 deposits in tanning pits 617, 624, 680 Linlithgow Palace, West Lothian 823-69 domestic 157, 185, 281-91, 297, 398, 521-3, 552, literature, early medieval Celtic 462, 464-5 698, 702, 799, 812, 815 lithics importanc5 1 e dumping 733, 827 flinte se ,d quartzan , stone infilling 568, 573 Loanhea Daviotf do ,, 91Aberdeenshir49 , , 48 , 44 , 40 e Iron Age 281-5, 297, 298 97,98 manuring 164, 165, 185, 433-4, 966 locks 5460 ,64 monastic 482, 489 -case, copper plated 539, 779, 805 floorins a e 7 us 82 g hasp lockr sfo s 585, 700, 7201 ,78 MIDLOTHIAN plate 702, 7201 ,72 Braidwood 2623 ,26 rectangular 585 Catstane 440, 4434 ,44 and see padlocks Midtown of Pitglassie, Auchterless 17-51, 98 Lower Greenyards, Bannockburn, Stirlingshire 199-269, military forces 381 fiche 1 garrisons, fortlets 340-14 34 , Lunanhead, Angus 1-16 light cavalry 373 Lunt, Dorothy A, on teeth 79 Military Way 308, 342, 355, 358, 366 Hallow Hill dental report 424-30, fiche F3/A3-E13 millefiori glass 418 Lyles Hill, Co Antrim 15, 41, 42, 43, 44, 46, 48, 49 Mills, Coralie charcoan o , l 114-15, 552-3 palaeobotanical analysi5 67 s MacCarthy, Cono Clavn o r a cairns 87-102 mills McCormick, Finbar animan o , l bone 553-5, 669-71 horizontal 2787 ,29 Mclntyre, Alison, Newbigging pottery 943-62 millstone fragment 517, 526, 529, 542 Mackenzie , lithiR J ,c assemblage 1-16 mollusca, land Mackreth, D F, on R-B brooch 77 snails 182, 675 McLellan coarsn o , J e V ,potter y 236-7, fichel/B3-Bll marine 164, 165, 166, 169, 172, 173, 181-3, 554, MacSween, Ann coarsn o , e pottery 236-7, fiche 1/B3— 568, 675 Bll 285-7 limpet periwinkle (Patella vulgata) 554, 568, 674, McSweeny, Kath crematen o , d human bone 111-13 675 Machrie Moor,5 Arra4 , 33 n oyster (Ostrea edulis) 554, 8272 ,93 mail, edging to garment 636, 644 Purpura Nucella lapillus4 55 Mains of Scottown, Bridge of Don, Aberdeen 121-30, monasteries 446, 464 152 monastic orders and properties Malcolm Canmore 3726 ,37 Augustinian 391, 396, 469, 471, 472, 474, 475, 476- malting 6892 ,70 9, 482, 509, 512-15, 609 coble 702, 704-6, 730 Dominican or Blackfriars 609, 881-98, 930 kiln 702, 706-7, 710, 730 Franciscan 609 mammals animae se , l bone Monck, General 372-3, 376, 378, 3794 ,38 manuscripts, illuminate3 46 d Mons Graupius, battle of 371, 378, 384 Mary, Quee f Scotno s 832, 865, 885, 887 , 890,2 88 ,89 Montgomery Act, 1770 968-9 Maxwell-Irving, Alastair, tower-houses 871—9 monuments medieval artefacts coppee se , r alloy, leairod dan n objects ceremonial 18, 99-100 medieval period funerary 18, 53-86, 295 Blackfriars of Stirling 881-98 megalithi7 8 c Castle Sween, Knapdale 517-77 medieval sepulchral 970 Dunstaffnage Castle 559-603 reus post-prehistorin ei c times 28-9, 58-9 Inchaffray Abbey 469-516 MORAY Linlithgow Palace 823-70 9 4 , 48 , 47 , 46 Boghea, 45 , 43 d , 31-341 , 40 , Perth, Cana . burgagSt l e plots 689-732 Easterto Roseislf no e 31-20 4 , Meal Vennel and Scott St 738-821 Elgin Cathedral, cross-slab 459-62, 465-6 St Andrews, Castlecliffe 605, 88 Morgan, Graham charcoan o , l 82-3 Sands of Breckon 297 mosaics, late Roman 4623 ,46 medieval practic 18tn ei h Edinburgh 929-41 moulds megalithic monuments fragment for sword 187 see circles, Clava caims, monuments, passage graves plaster of paris 956 Mercer, Roger J, prehistoric round houses 157—89 steatit beadr 7 efo 58 s 1 Mesolithi19 , 15 , 6 c mound , 278-918 s , 291-5 INDEX I 999

Neolithic ring- 17-51 fractures 121, 132, 133, 152, 412, 431 non-megalithic 40, 45, 47, 48, 49 leprosy 411,423,429,431 mountings osteomyeliti0 94 s decorative, enamel and silver 579-81 osteophytic lipping 113,511 mounts, copper alloy 5378 ,63 osteoporosi6 93 s pewte3 85 r Paget's disease 940 Murdoch, K R, on bottle glass 596 periostatis 936-7 rickets in cat 671 nails scaphocephalic skull6 93 s coffin 934-5 skull fracture0 43 s hob- in shoes 322 spondylolysi6 93 s iron 204, 240, 257, 289, 504, 534, 539, 546, 579, trepanning 414, 431 640, 805, 966 Patterson, Donald, on charcoal 38-9 Navershough, Bu, Westray 186-7 peat needles carbonized 281, 284, 6747 ,67 bon0 15 e formation 242-7 copper alloy 708, 718, 766, 804 fuel 114, 115, 1176 18 , iron 702, 720, 721 radiocarbon date from 246, 249 Neolithi7 96 , 18 c roofing material 707 activit6 26 y pebbles domestic buildings 63-4 in funerary deposits 27, 124, 129-30, 143, 152 Early 15 painted 418, 438 heng , 1001 14 e 14 , path 707-8, 709 ritual 40-2, 47, 49 perforated 289 Newbigging pottery, Musselburgh, East Lothian 943-62 road surface 416 Newstead, Roxburghshire 319, 320, 321, 323, 373, 436, Persians 462 437, 965-6 Perth, Perthshire medieval burgh, 240, 535, 542, 6506 ,81 Norman, A V B, The Auld Stane Man lecture summary Cana , 689-732St l 3 75 , 970 Meal Vennel 733-95, 814-17 Northampton, Northamptonshire 503, 678, 680, 763-4, Scot t 733-6S t , 753, 795-813, 814-17 766, 770, 772, 784-59 79 , PERT KINROSH& S North Mains, Strathallan3 44 , Perthshir46 , 45 , 41 e Ardoch 321, 375 Norse remains 157 Abercairney 730, 740 Beech Hill House 66, 84 Dupplin Cross, Forteviot 455-7 O'Sullivan, Jerry, Bu Farm burial cairns 103-20 Fowlis Wester cross-slab 459-62 O'Sullivan, Tanya faunan o , l remains 113-14 Inchaffray Abbey 469-516 on faunal remains 597-9 North Mains, Strathallan 41, 45, 46, 443 ORKNEY 9 4 , 48 , 47 , 46 , Pitnacre44 , 43 , 40 e Bu Farm, Rapness, Westray 103-20 pewter mount3 85 s The Howe, Stromness 187, 288 phosphate2 level8 , 80 s Knowe f Quoyscottiso e 115, 116, 117-189 16 , survey 210-11, 399 Navershough, Bu, Westray 186-7 Picts 424, 438, 439, 4554 ,96 church 446 padlocks sculpture 455-7, 459-68, 970-1 copper alloy, barrel 761, 766-7 symbol3 46 s iron, barrel 584, 585, 640, 693, 695, 720, 721, 742, Piggott, Stuart, obituary xiii-xviii 7795 80 , pilgrim's badge 638-9 Page, Ronal Catherind dan e Page, Blackfriar f Stirlino s g pins 582, 638 881-98 bone 83, 539, 542, 787 palisades 204-7, 214, 216, 222-5, 2563 ,26 brooch/buckl8 49 e parchment clips/tweezers 636, 6380 ,77 copper alloy 582, 718, 761, 767-8 passage-grave , 90-10 89 , 10 , 87 s hair 857-89 85 , Orkney-Cromarty 9 grou9 , 97 p shrou5 93 d radiocarbon date from 97 stick- 535, 536, 768 and see Clava Cairns drawn wir7 76 e pathological conditions pin-loop0 29 s abscess (tubercular0 94 ) pipes, clay arthritis 412, 430, 967 bowls 422, 507, 590-3, 8127 ,82 blow to head 414, 431 Dutch types 507, 8460 ,85 cancer 125, 152, 431 English types 846, 850-2 Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis 292^6 ,93 fragments 423, 512, 590, 924, 926, 951 1000 I SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 1996

manufacturers 593, 596, 841, 845-6 post pipe6 20 s Scottish 846-50 post-ring 207-10 stems 204, 550, 590, 8124 92 , for scaffolding 527, 680, 826-7, 831 curleg usewi s rd a 5916 59 , structures 62-4, 65, 396, 416-17, 418, 440, 742 Pitnacree, Perthshire 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 post-mortem dissection 937, 940 pits pottery, prehistoric alignments 199, 2024 20 , , 121, 47-898 34 , , 124,49 33 , , 31 , 28 , Beake22 , 17 r ash 7495 ,81 125-7, 129, 130, 137-9, 141, 143-6, 149, 150, under burial mounds 20-2, 40, 49, 53, 56, 58-62, 64, 151, 152, 157, 185, 191, 605, 610, 647-8 65,83, 110 beaker-typ5 18 e in cemeteries 408, 440 7 Bronz1 e eAg ?cess 747, 799 cordoned urn 53, 61, 65, 74, 75, 83 clay-lined 524, 5254 61 , , 56384 , , 58783 9 , 59 ,75 , 74 Foo , 65 d , Vesse58 , 53 l cookin0 21 g Iron Age 65, 74, 177, 208, 211, 217, 220, 222, 226, domestic rubbish 680, 695, 698, 702, 733, 742, 745, 235, 236, 251, 252, 257 747, 749, 797, 798, 799, 8145 ,81 Grimston/Lyle8 4 , s40 , Hil17 l fire- 229, 251, 2573 ,26 grooved ware 53, 61, 65-74, 83, 84, 98 gravel extraction 1912 19 , late Bronze Age 169, 172, 175-9, 217, 226, 235, 236, industrial activities 617-21, 624, 7024 70 , 285-7 industrial refuse 740, 742, 745, 749, 751 Neolithic 17, 22, 23, 28, 31-3, 34, 41, 44, 47, 49, 98, quarry 635, 695, 698, 747, 920 and see quarrying 235, 236, 257, 264 post- 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 632, 633 pottery, Romano-British refuse from tanning 616, 622679 , amphora 308, 315, 328, 330, 332-4, 342 tanning-, 717-22, 678-80 black burnished 308, 314, 330, 334-5 for uprights (timbe2 4 , r stone40 o r , 22 ) colour-coated 330, 331-2 water storage 742 grey ware 65, 74 wattle lined 313, 339, 740, 797 mortaria 330, 336 place names 3960 44 , other fabrics 257, 335-6 Cenrigmonaid 390-1, 395-6, 441, 446 Samian 194, 257, 328, 329, 331, 341, 414, 417, 420, egles 396, 417, 440, 4456 44 , 438, 4406 ,96 Eglesnamin 387, 391-2, 395-7, 417, 440 pottery, medieval 211, 212, 216, 217, 220, 221, 222, 224, innis Aifrean5 47 n 225, 229, 231, 232, 234, 235, 237-9, 251, 257, Insule Missarum 475 264, 317, 422, 487, 489, 522, 527, 542, 611, nemelon 396, 4406 ,44 618, 619, 621, 622, 624, 696, 698, 742, 797, plants 798 crowberry (Empetrum nigrum)8 24 Andenn9 64 e berries 727, 813 Beauvais stoneware 649, 7551 80 , bracken (Pterdium aquilinum) 129, 727, 795, 814 Beverley-type 649-50 mosg bo s (Sphagnum spp) 137, 139, 140, 148, 152, Brandsby-type 650, 839 727 East coast white gritty 237, 238, 497, 548-9, 569, carbonized grass stems 745, 795 590, 648-9, 655-67, 713, 717, 747, 753-60, grasse , 12839 s , 139, 148, 434, 7953 81 , 792, 826, 833^15 heather (Calluna) , 12839 , 139^10, 148, 612, 674, face-mask jug 827, 835 727, 795, 813, 814 German stoneware 497 herb9 3 s handmade 5468 54 , meadowsweet (filipendula) 139, 141, 480 Humber-type 650 (Pisuma pe sativum)4 67 Langerwehe-type stoneware 650, 713, 715, 717, 718, weed f cultivatioso n 128, 148-9, 244, 434, 551, 674, 755, 801, 802 727, 795 late medieval gritty 834-5 weed f wastso e ground 149, 726-7, 8134 ,81 London-type sandy 6503 ,75 wild flowers 128-9, 1398 14 , Countriew Lo s black 7137 ,71 and see cereals, trees Low Countries grey 651, 665, 713, 753, 737, 755, plasterwork, decorative 864-5 839 pollen analyses 39, 128-9, 139-40, 148-9, 242-7, 399, Low Countries decorated (Aardenburg) 651, 667, 713, 434-60 44 , 718,753 monolith 202, 2164 ,23 Low Countrie d 651sre , 667, 713, 717, 737, 753-7, stratigraphy 243-6, 258-9 801,8029 83 , post-holes Martincamp flasks 651, 839 alignment , 21665 , , 22162 s , 2264 ,25 miscellaneous Scottish 549, 835-6 associated with cairns 56 North French 652, 667, 839 houses 214 Paffrath 652, 6673 ,75 four-post structures 261, 231, 232 Perth-local 652, 713, 715, 724, 747, 753-9, 802-4 INDEX I 1001

Pingsdorf 652, 667, 713, 753 for long cists 443^1 reduced greyware 238, 2390 66 , Lower Greenyards, Bannockburn 249-50 reduced gritty 549-50 Main f Scotstownso 9 12 , Bridgn Do f eo 'reduced greenglaze' 590, 713, 801, 802, 837-9 Navershough , WestraBu , 6 18 y Rhenish stoneware 709, 717, 839-40 passage graves in Caithness/Sutherland 97 Rouen-type 497, 653, 667, 925 Pierowall Quarry, Westray 186 Saintonge greenglaze 653 Pitglassie, Aberdeenshire 17, 22, 23, 40, 48 Scarborough 653, 665, 713, 715, 737, 753, 754, 755, Quanterness, Westray 186 757, 760, 796, 801 Sandhole, Fetterangus 140 Scots greyware 755, 760 Sand Breckonf so , Yell 294-5 Scottish redwares 497, 590, 654, 835-6, 837, Stoneyfield3 8 , 82 , , Raigmor65 , 64 , 59 e Seiburg stoneware 654, 667, 713, 7559 83 , Tavelty, Kintore 149 Stamford 6547 66 , Upper Suisgill, Helmdale 187 Throsk 549, 550, 654, 837-8 Ralston, lan B M, short cists 121-55 tin glazed 803, 840-1, 842-5, 925, 926 ramparts and ditch, see Antonine Wall Valencian lustreware 713, 718, 753, 801, 8023 80 , Randolph earls of Moray 580-1 Westerwald-type 924, 925 Rapson Sheila, pollen analysis 39 Winksley-type 655, 667 Rattray Castle, Aberdeenshire 670, 671, 672, 726 York glazed 655, 656, 667, 7139 83 , Reformation e 398th , , 476, 479, 578, 608, 8859 89 , Yorkshire 655, 656, 713, 7377 75 , Rideout, Jame , LowesS r Greenyards 199-26 fichd 9an e pottery, post-medieva modero lt n 192, 194, 204, 207, rings/split pins 582 210, 211, 264, 273, 278, 317, 512, 550, 713, copper alloy, drawn wire 764, 804 799, 915, 920, 921, 924, 925 Ritchie GrahamN J , , Stuart Piggott obituary xiii-xviii 18th creamwares 917, 919, 9245 92 , ritual deposition 41-2 , 48-45 9, Newbigging 952-5, 956, 957-60 pebbles 129-30 porcelain 841 plant0 14 s saltglazed 590, 924, 925 rivets 638, 747, 761 17th slipwares 590, 8417 91 , copper-alloy 638, 747, 761 Staffordshir5 92 e paper-clip 498, 638, 761, 768 Powell, Faye, on cremated human remains 38 iron 579 priories, see Inchaffray Abbey and St Andrews roads 310, 387, 396, 399, 416, 441, 605, 609, 612, 625, Proudfoot, Edwina, Hallow Hill cemetery 387^54, fiche 911,921 F2 Rober2 88 I t pumice 287, 290, 291 Roberts, Alasdair, post Reformation Catholic symbolism purse 417, 432, 438 899-909 87 quarrying anstonese dse markp cu , s clay 695, 747 Roman period sand 633, 635, 733, 796-7, 800, 815 conquest of Scotland 371-86 quartz 17, 33, 35, 36 late Roman art 462, 463 deposit 25, 37, 38, 42, 47, 48, 49 objects 396, 439-40, 448 flakes 27, 35, 37, 211-12, 216, 217, 235, 240, 241 and see Antonine Wall, Hadrian's Wall, pottery pebbles 27, 35, 37, 124, 235, 421 Romans, John C C, soil samples 80, 82 , 12438 , , 12937 quartzit , , 35 134 , 1 33 e,24 roofs 5 22 , 37 flake , 35 s thatch 7242 74 , querns turf 707 rotary, lower 321, 337, 524, 5425 54 , and see tiles upper 524, 542, 545, 737, 740, 782^1 Ross, Andrewina pottern o , y 285-8 saddle 230,231,241,257 Rothesay Castle 556, 599 trough 273 ROXBURGHSHIRE Newstead 319, 320, 321, 323, 373, 436, 437, 965-6 Jedburgh 506, 6368 63 , radiocarbon dates rush light holde0 64 r Balloch Hill 964 Boghead, Moray 33 Bu Farm, Rapness 103, 108, 115, 118-19 St Andrews, Fife 387, 4577 67 , Cnoc Stanger, Reay 157, 169, 185-6 Castle 539, 605, 607, 677, 682-3 Dridaig Cottage, Edderton 133 Castlecliffe 605-88 grain-drying kiln0 73 s Cathedral 'sarcophagus' 459, 460, 462, 465-6, 970-1 Hallow Hill, St Andrews 387, 396, 408, 413, 414, Hallow Hill 387-454 415, 422^, 443^1 Priory 391-2, 394-6, 397-8, 446, 4799 60 , The Howe, Stromness 187 Swallowgait 605, 610, 612, 624, 625, 628, 630, 677, the Iceman 967 678, 680, 681 1002 I SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND, 1996

Sabine, Kirsty, on flints 127-8, 132, 139, 146-8 skillet, cast bronze 582 on copper alloy object 132-3 skinning, see hides Sandhole Quarry, Fetterangus, Aberdeenshire 134-41, slag 217, 222, 226, 230, 231, 235, 288, 290, 291, 695, 152 702, 749, 751, 791-2, 815 the Sand Breckonf so , Yell, Shetland 271-301 clinker 229 sapphire 760-1 iron 737, 740, 745, 791 the Savernake Horn 581 metallic 487, 489, 508-9 scissors, iron 7421 ,78 patching paths 749 Scotland, conques f 371-8o t 5 slate Scottish Church counters 542 Anglian/Northumbrian influence 444, 446-7 inscribed pieces 542, 808 Columban 447, 475 roofing tilee se ,s Culdees 391, 475-6, 609 Smith, Andrea, on artefacts 287-90 diocesan structure 3914 44 , Smith, Catherine animan o , l bones 336, 431-4, 722, 725- eremetic/monastic 475-6 6, 784-8, 192-A, 812-13 medieval 391 Smith, Helen, on prehistoric pottery 587, 647-8 Pictish 390-17 44 , Smollett, Tobia1 60 s anchurchese dse , monasteries, priories soil, analyses sculpture buried horizons 80, 82, 110-11, 672-4 Anglo-Saxon 464 cultivated 185 Anglo-Scandinavian9 45 5 4 , 43 , 40 , 26 fire-hardene , 23 , 22 , 20 d Lombardic 463^t marks 495-6 Pictish 455-7, 459-68, 970-1 turbated loa r 'garden'mo - 700-22 74 , Viking-age 462-3 souterrains 439 sea420x bo l , 436-79 43 , Southern, Pat, on Men and Mountains 371-86 seal matrixes South Street, , Wiltshir6 16 e copper alloy 745, 761, 766, 768, 8324 ,85 spearheads lead 579, 582, 584 iron 321, 537-8 seaweed for manuring 164, 185, 248, 250 Spearman, Mike, on burnt industrial debris 508—9 Sermon, Richard, excavations at Meal Vennel 736—51 spindle-whorls 204, 745 settlements, palisaded 159, 1912 20 , stone 211, 241, 257, 644, 721, 784, 8084 ,86 shale objects spurs dis6 21 c copper alloy, prick 854 perforated object 212 rowel 636, 8547 85 , ring 217, 241, 251, 257 iron, rowel 644, 749, 751, 7748 85 , shell 281, 487, 523 stake-holes in foundation trench 6292 63 , chevaux de frise 234, 263 in pits 706 fence 7020 74 , anmollusce dse s wattle wall 523^1 shears, iron, blades 539, 749, 781-2 steatite Shepherd, Alexandra, ring-mound at Pitglassie 17-51 moulds for beads 587 Shepherd, lan Beakern o , s 125-7, 137-9, 143-6 worke8 27 d SHETLAND Stewart, H, pottery from Castle Sween 546-50 Clickmimin, Lerwick, Mainland, 177, 1878 28 , Stirling, Blackfriars of 881-98 Jarlshof, Mainland 169, 187, 288, 2890 ,64 STIRLINGSHIRE the Sand f Breckonso , Yell 271-301 Castlecary 3229 23 , Shiels, Jenny, on artefacts from Lower Greenyards 211, Lower Greenyards, Bannockburn 199—269 240, fiche 1/C4-C5, 257 Throsk 238, 239 shoes, leather, Stonehenge, Wiltshire 43, 87 Romano British 314, 321-81 34 , stone objects medieval 742, 792, 866, 868 anvil base 749, 782 shot, cast iron 585, 858, 862 archers' wristguard 150 sickle blade, iron 5467 58 , axes, polished 99 silver beads 2891 29 , bracelet 418, 436, 437, 439 bracelets 287, 2891 29 , decorated mounts 579-80 cobbles 206, 231, 240, 241, 749, 782 dishes 504 counters 5424 86 , fede rin4 50 g disc 422 hair pin, tinned 857-8, 859 flaked 222, 2351 24 , pendant, mercury silvere7 76 d grinder1 24 s Simpson, Derek, D A, excavation at Stpneyfield 53-86 gun stone 5464 ,86 Skateraw, East Lothian 145, 191-4, 196 'hammerstones7 3 ' INDE I X100 3

hones 241, 693, 7212 ,78 Throsk kile se ,n sites mace hea9 9 d tiles pitchstone 240 floor, glazed ceramic 811, 827, 832, 836-7 ring9 28 s roof, ceramic 693, 695, 698, 723^1, 745, 747, 790-1 rubbing 196 slate 530, 542, 675, 708, 709, 721, 747, 784 siltstone 235, 240 stone 740, 745 slingstone 208 tin spindle whorls 211, 241, 257, 644, 721 maker's mark 720 whetstones 181, 422, 587, 644 resembling silve8 85 r worked 181, 212, 229, 257 toggles, anmillstonese dse , querns, slate, steatite, tiles bone 74, 644, 787 stones tower-houses 871—9 carved 568, 576-8 town excavations 605-88, 689-732, 733-821, 911-27, cross 455-7, 462 929^1 cup-marked 53, 61, 65, 83 trade inscribed 633, 646-7 cat skins 670, 726 Pictish6 Clas45 I sII dog 793 setting , 273s42 , 17, 278-922 , 0 29 , hides 725, 792, 7932 ,81 semi-precious pottery 699, 713, 715, 839-40, 841 agate flake 217, 224, 241 wool 726, 792-3 chalcedony flake 2300 24 , Traprain Law, East Lothian 319, 320 greenstone wristguard 150 tree identification: quartz crystal 418, 438 alder (Alnus) 39, 43, 129, 139, 140, 148, 164, 165, topaz crysta0 15 l 166, 169, 244, 246, 247, 249, 434, 436, 552 and see circles, geological sources as , h139 (Fraxmus)82 , , 43 552 , 39 , 597 3 ,63 Stones, Judith, excavations in Old Aberdeen 911-27 beech (Fagus)3 4 , 39 Stoneyfield, Raigmore, Inverness 53-86 birch , (Betula)12843 , , 39 129 , 139, 148, 164, 165, stopper for bottle or jar 314 166, 169, 172, 246, 244, 246, 249, 5524 ,67 cerami1 84 c conife5 16 r straps coniferous driftwood 108, 114-15, 117 copper alloy, - end buckle 636 elm (Ulmus) 39, 246 -end 535, 581-2 hazel (Corylus) 39, 82, 128, 129, 139^0, 148, 164, -hinges 546, 858 165, 169, 229, 244, 249, 434, 552, 597, 674, loop 636 7278 80 , strike-a-light hazel shells 164, 166, 169, 550, 727, 795, 813 flint reused 13 larch (Larix) 115 iron 805 lime (Tilius) 246 studs, copper alloy 764 oak (Quercus) 80, 82, 128, 139, 148, 226, 229, 235, Swarthy Hill, Cumbria 339-40, 341 244, 246, 249, 250, 552, 597, 6740 81 , swords pine , 129(Pinus)83 , , 14839 6 ,16 hangar 862 Pomoideae 1724 67 , rapier guar2 86 d poplar (Populus)3 8 , 82 symbolism, Christian 459, 464, 465-6, 899-909 pmnus type 166 Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) 169 sloe (Prunus spinosa)4 67 tally stick, bone 742, 788 whitebeam 4 (Sorbus)67 , 83 tannery, 605, 610, 615-24, 678-80 willow (Salix) 39, 43, 169 possible batin t 799gpi , 815 tree-throws/windfelling 610-12, 672, 674, 675-6 Tavelty, Kintore, Aberdeenshire 141-51 Trewin, Nige , geologicaH l l reports 124, 135 Tavener, P N, on Homestead 1, Lower Greenyards 204— Triscott, Jon, crop mark excavations 191-7 11 Castle Sween, Knapdale 517-57 tenements 911-13, 921-3 turf anburgage dse e plots burnt 22, 23, 45 Tentsmuir, Fif, 64766 e , 648, 6497 67 , building materia , 3089 24 l 30 , textiles kiln roofing 707, 710 equipment 761, 770 tweezers/parchment clips impression on pottery 66, 72-3, 838 copper alloy 636, 638, 770 wool cloth 810-11, 816 Thain, Stewart, on coins 926 thimbles, copper alloy 770 vegetation Thomas, Clare, on leather 792 moder1 20 n Thorns, Jennifer, on faunal remains 597-9 removal 22, 43, 56, 82 Thorntonloch, East Lothian 191, 194-6 and see plants, pollen analysis, trees 100 I SOCIET4 ANTIQUARIEF YO SCOTLANDF SO , 1996

vessels and see hones cast 582, 770 Wickham-Jones , lithiR C c, assemblage 1-16 iron 503 on lithics from Pitglassie 33, 35-8 sheet metal 498-500, 804 wig curler, reused pipe stem 5916 59 , Visigoths 462 Wilkinson, J Leonard, on cremated human remains 80, 81 Will, Robert S on medieval pottery from Dunstaffnage 589-90 Warsop, Clive, on pollen 139-40, 148-9 medieval pottery, St Andrews Castlecliffe 648-69 Watkins, Trevor, Stuart Piggott obituary xiii-xviii William I of England 372 wattle Willia f Scotlano m I 2 69 d and daub 742 WILTSHIRE fenc7 73 e South Street, Avebury 166 and clay linin7 73 g Stoneheng7 8 , 43 e lining of pit 313, 339,740 Winchester, Hampshire 498, 679-80 lining of well 693, 726, 737, 797, 801 windows panels 312 lead kames 500, 6383 ,85 walls 523^ glass 489, 505-7, 587, 745, 747, 749, 788-9, 852-3 weapons wine gun stock, decorated 827, 862^t bottle4 85 s hangar/hunting sword 862 glasses 854 rapier 862 wood Webster, Graham harnesn o , s strap junction 318-20 in buildings 259-60, 525, 740 Webster, Romann Peteo , V r o British pottery 328-36 burnt 249, 568, 575, 6748 ,67 weight, lead drift 108, 115, 117 fishing 500, 638 radiocarbon date9 24 s wells waterlogged 249, 250, 964 cask-lined 787, 797, 812, 813-14 wooden objects draw- 9176 ,92 boat timbers reused 702, 7043 ,72 inside fortlet 313-14, 339,341 carved 865-6 medieval 521, 693^, 726, 740, 797 cask 797, 808-10, 816 post medieval 712,917 coffins 400 WEST LOTHIAN 4 cu86 p Cairnpapple Hill 41, 443 handles for knives 776 Kinneil fortlet 303^6 tool marking n 172so , 185-6 Linlithgow Palace 823-69 wedge 314 WESTERN ISLES worke k 235doa , 2502 ,25 Finlaggan, Islay 535, 539, 546, 5815 58 , wheelhouses 9634 ,96 Young, Archibald, on skeletal material 430-2, fiche whetstones 421-2, 587, 644 F2/A3-D13