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Chapter 2 Transformation of ICT Industries and Society, Induced And Chapter 2 Transformation of ICT Industries and Society, induced and accelerated by “Smart Revolution” Part 1 networks of censors built in equipment, work for the ef- Section 1 fi cient control of social infrastructures or business im- provement by utilizing Big Data. It suggests that ICT- “Smart Revolution” — ICT Para- based networks, beyond the boundary of communication digm Shift tools, have become to serve as an infrastructure that as- sures the foundation of democracy — freedom of ex- 1. Completion of “Ubiquitous pression and freedom of speech, enhances human-ties, and helps services and assets in digital form go back and Network” Environment and forth beyond borders. “Smart Revolution” (3) New trends coming after the completion of ubiquitous (1) Internet and mobile phones, which have become a social network environments — smartization and infrastructure “Smart Revolution” As shown in Chapter 1, ICT’s capabilities as the driv- Digital information distributed and accumulated in ing force of the world economic growth have been prov- the networks has been dramatically increasing since the en and widely acknowledged. Those capabilities are en- Internet became a social infrastructure; the Internet has abled in the Internet, which has been rapidly deployed enabled network-service providers and others to easily in all types of countries — advanced, emerging, or devel- generate, collect, and accumulate enormous data of vari- oping. Even the frequently-reported cyber-attack dam- ous kind (Big Data), to analyze and utilize such data for ages that governments or businesses are suffering can the detection of abnormalities or predictions on the be seen as a by-effect of the openness of the Internet near-future, and to provide services adapted to the indi- which has become an indispensable infrastructure of vidual users’ needs or to improve business effi ciency; as the social or economic activities in every country in the a consequence, new-types of industries are expected to world. The Internet, as an infrastructure supporting any emerge. In such a way, ubiquitous environments, accel- kind of social activity, plays a role of a driving force to erating the distribution, accumulation, and utilization of improve the convenience of life or stimulate the econo- enormous data of various kinds, help ICT-network ser- my. On the other hand, mobile phones have been ag- vices evolve into the foundation for the knowledge cre- gressively deployed, in advance of economic growth, in ation. As a conclusion, the combination of ubiquitous the countries with handicaps such as a low literacy-rate network environments and “smartization,” bringing a or poor electrical power or other infrastructure, and new-type of ICT innovation called the “Smart Revolu- have been working as the launching power for those tion,” enhancing ICT’s functionality as a growth engine countries to take-off from poverty to prosperity. In such or a universal tool, has the potential to change the entire a way, mobile phones have gained in their importance as landscape of the social and economic activities in Japan. the “fi rst step” to economic growth. (2) Completion of ubiquitous network environments 2. International Discussions: As shown above, ICT has become to play an important What the Cyber Space role in economic or social growth in a wide variety of should be fi elds; particularly, the Internet, which has become a so- cial infrastructure, driven by the dramatic development The Internet, embracing diversifi ed services includ- of the network service environments supported by the ing supply chains or communities, can be seen as a new- advanced ICT technologies such as radio communica- type of social space (Cyber Space). While the impor- tion technologies or storage technologies, plays an in- tance or value of such a cyber space has been highly creasingly important role in various fi elds. The activities recognized, what the cyber space should be and how it of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, should be regulated is frequently discussed in a variety initiated under the concept of creation of ubiquitous net- of international organizations or conferences. Japan has work society (anybody or anything promptly connects to been discussing the topic in bilateral talks with the U.S., the network at anytime and from anywhere), have re- the U.K., or the European Commission, and has partici- sulted in the ubiquitous envirionments: particularly pated actively in the discussions in multinational meet- technologies, services, and devices or equipment. ings. In addition, the following trends in Internet have be- As for the bilateral talks, Japan fi nalized the agree- come obvious: as well as human entities, non-human ment, “Japan-US Trade Principles for ICT Services,” in entities, exchanging information to each other without January 2012, where Japan pointed out, as one of princi- human interventions, strengthening their mutual con- ples, that cross-border information distribution should nections through a system called M2M which automati- not be interfered with; in March 2012, in the Japan-US cally and optimally controls the connections through Policy Cooperation on Internet Economy, the principle 25 CCW3_A8224D02.inddW3_A8224D02.indd 2255 22012/09/20012/09/20 110:54:280:54:28 プロロセセススシアンシアンプロロセセスマゼゼンタンタプロロセセススイイエエローロープロロセセススブラックブラック Part 1 Figure 2-1-1-1 Conceptual Diagram of Mechanism bringing the Smart-revolution ●Integration of“Ubiquitous features” and“Smart features,” realized and accelerated by the recent spread of smartphones, potential of M2M communication, and new trends in Big Data utilization, will lead to“Smart revolution.” Worldwide popularization of the Now fully available ubiquitous network environments Internet & mobile phones Integration of network Evolution of ××Establishment of environments social services devices (cloud, wireless) (multi-screen, M2M) Cloud Popularization of ・All information is distributed and smartphones, etc. Social ・Access anytime, anywhere, with stored on the network ・Realizing links with PC-equivalent functions everyone social infrastructure Internet becomes part of Wireless ・Linkage between wired & wireless (for individuals, businesses & government) Possibility of M2M due to Wi-Fi proliferation communications ・Switch to digital broadcasting links ・Everything becomes connected telecommunications and broadcasting Smart revolution Progress of Smarter at every level: networks, media, services & devices Utilization of Big Data Merger of ubiquitous and smart functions ・Resolution of socioeconomic issues and higher added-value services through swift collection & foundations for development analysis of the huge volumes of data distributed (including in developing countries) Mobile phones become part of the via & stored on networks on the preservation of Internet openness and its interop- Japan will continue to actively participate in those dis- erability was reconfi rmed; in April 2012, the enhance- cussions so that the international rules will be built lead- ment of the corporation on cyberspace issues was in- ing to the formation of Japan’s future vision. cluded in the fact sheets released at the Japan-US Summit Meeting. As for the U.K., as a result of the inclusion of the item 3. Counter Measures for Increas- — the enhancement of the bilateral talks on the cyber ingly Severe Cyber Attacks space — in the Japan-UK joint statement by the prime ministers released in April 2012, the joint statement by and Challenges for Preserva- Mr. Tatsuo Kawabata, Minister for Internal Affairs and tion of Information Security Communications and Mr. Rt Hon Jeremy Hunt MP, Sec- retary of State for Culture, Olympic, Media and Sport While Internet has become the indispensable infra- was released in May 2012 confi rming the cooperation by structure for the socioeconomic activities in the global Japan and the U.K. on Internet policy issues. As for the society, the threats to formation security have been European Commission, the joint statement by Mr. Tat- spreading globally, such as the globally spreading com- suo Kawabata, Minister for International Affairs and puter viruses, increasing cyber crimes, and various sys- Communications and Ms. Neelie Kroes, Vice-President tems troubles in the critical infrastructures for people’s of the European Commission was released in May 2012, livelihoods and socioeconomic activities. Suffering from including the item — enhancement of Japan-EC cooper- threats of targeted attacks aiming to steal the state’s ation on Internet policy issues. critical information, unlike the conventional thrill-seek- International discussions are expected in future to in- ing attacks, including the cyber-attack incident regard- clude a diversity of issues, for example the role of Inter- ing Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd on September 2011 net as the foundation of people’s livelihoods and eco- and the attacks on both the houses of Representatives nomic activities, the role of Internet as the critical and Councilors, the nerve center of the state, and also infrastructure bringing innovations of socioeconomic suffering from the increasing number of malwares tar- systems, the role of Internet as the support for securing geting smartphones, Japan is acutely required to en- the promotion of democracy, the protection of privacy hance the counter measures, such as the prompt shar- and personal information, the preservation of informa- ing of information on threats and the enhancement of tion security, and the protection of intellectual property. government-business
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