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Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Osceola Kissimmee Village Center, Osceola County, Florida

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Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Osceola Kissimmee Village Center, Osceola County, Florida CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY OF THE OSCEOLA KISSIMMEE VILLAGE CENTER, OSCEOLA COUNTY, FLORIDA Prepared for: Bio-Tech Consulting, Inc. 3025 East South Street Orlando, Florida 32803 Prepared by: Florida’s First Choice in Cultural Resource Management Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A Sarasota, Florida 34240 (941) 379-6206 January 2020 CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY OF THE OSCEOLA KISSIMMEE VILLAGE CENTER, OSCEOLA COUNTY, FLORIDA Prepared for: Bio-Tech Consulting Inc. 3025 East South Street Orlando, Florida 32803 Prepared by: Archaeological Consultants, Inc. 8110 Blaikie Court, Suite A Sarasota, Florida 34240 Marion Almy - Project Manager Maranda Kles - Project Archaeologist Katie Baar and Justin Winkler - Archaeologists January 2020 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Archaeological Consultants, Inc. (ACI) conducted a Cultural Resource Assessment Survey (CRAS) of the Osceola Kissimmee Village Center for Bio-Tech Consulting, Inc. The project Area of Potential Effect (APE) is approximately 165 acres in size and is located east of US 17 (SR 600), between Boating Boulevard and Hacienda Circle in northwestern Osceola County. The purpose of this investigation was to locate and identify any cultural resources within the project APE and to assess their significance in terms of eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). As defined in 36 CFR Part § 800.16(d), the APE is the “geographic area or areas within which an undertaking may directly or indirectly cause alterations in the character or use of historic properties, if any such properties exist.” Based on the scale and nature of the activities, the project has a limited potential for any indirect (visual or audible) or cumulative effects outside the immediate footprint of construction. Therefore, the APE was limited to the footprint of proposed activities within the existing boundaries of the project. The archaeological and historical field surveys were completed in January 2020 as due diligence in anticipation of water management and Army Corps of Engineer’s permits. All work was carried out in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, and its implementing regulations in 36 CFR Part 800: Protection of Historic Properties, and in conformity with the standards contained in the Florida Division of Historical Resource’s (FDHR) Cultural Resource Management Standards and Operational Manual (FDHR 2003). The resulting survey and report meet specifications in Chapter 1A-46, Florida Administrative Code (FAC), and complies with Chapters 267 and 373, Florida Statutes (FS), as well as Florida’s Coastal Management Program. Principal Investigators meet the Secretary of the Interior's Historic Preservation Professional Qualification Standards (48 FR 44716) for archaeology, history, architecture, architectural history, or historic architecture. Archaeological background research, including a review of the Florida Master Site File (FMSF) and the NRHP, indicated that one archaeological site was recorded partially within the APE. 8OS00024 is recorded as a general vicinity (GV) location, so its precise location is unknown. Given the known patterns of aboriginal settlement, the APE was considered to have a varied potential for archaeological site occurrence. The background research also indicated that sites, if present, would most likely be evidence of 8OS00024 or lithic/artifact scatters situated on the areas of higher elevation proximate to Lake Tohopekaliga. As a result of field investigations, which included the excavation of 180 shovel test pits, no evidence of previously recorded 8OS00024 or any other archaeological sites was found. A review of the FMSF and the NRHP indicated that no historic resources (50 years of age or older) were previously recorded within the project APE. However, 8OS02664, the Levee Along Shingle Creek North resource group, is adjacent, outside the APE along the southern and eastern borders. It has been determined ineligible for listing in the NRHP (FMSF). A review of the historic United States Geographical Survey (USGS) quadrangle maps (USGS Kissimmee, 1977) and historic aerial photographs (United States Department of Agriculture [USDA] 1951, 1958, 1971) indicated that no structures are present within the APE, and the Osceola County property appraiser’s website (Scarborough 2020) indicated there were no structures present. As a result of field survey, no historic resources were identified or recorded in the APE. Given the results of background research and field survey, it is the opinion of ACI that the development of the project area will have no effect on any archaeological sites or historic resources that are listed, determined eligible, or which appear to be potentially eligible for listing in the NRHP within the project APE. i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.1 Project Description .................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Purpose ...................................................................................................................... 1-1 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ......................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Location and Setting .................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Physiography and Geology ....................................................................................... 2-4 2.3 Soils and Vegetation .................................................................................................. 2-4 2.4 Paleoenvironmental Considerations .......................................................................... 2-6 3.0 CULTURAL CHRONOLOGY ........................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Paleo-Indian .............................................................................................................. 3-2 3.2 Archaic ...................................................................................................................... 3-3 3.3 Formative .................................................................................................................. 3-5 3.4 Mississippian ............................................................................................................. 3-6 3.5 Colonialism ............................................................................................................... 3-7 3.6 Territorial and Statehood ........................................................................................... 3-8 3.7 Civil War and Aftermath ......................................................................................... 3-11 3.8 Twentieth Century ................................................................................................... 3-13 3.9 Project Area Specifics ............................................................................................. 3-15 4.0 RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS AND METHODS ..................................................... 4-1 4.1 Background Research and Literature Review ........................................................... 4-1 4.1.1 Archaeological Considerations ...................................................................... 4-1 4.1.2 Historical Considerations .............................................................................. 4-3 4.2 Field Methodology .................................................................................................... 4-3 4.3 Laboratory Methods and Curation ............................................................................ 4-4 4.4 Inadvertent/Unanticipated Discoveries ..................................................................... 4-4 5.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Archaeological Survey Results ................................................................................. 5-1 5.2 Historical Survey Results .......................................................................................... 5-3 5.3 Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 5-3 6.0 REFERENCES CITED ....................................................................................................... 6-1 APPENDIX: Survey Log ii LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES, AND PHOTOGRAPHS Page Figure Figure 1.1. Location of the APE, Osceola County. .......................................................................... 1-2 Figure 2.1. Environmental setting of the APE. ................................................................................. 2-2 Figure 2.2. Soil types found within the APE. ................................................................................... 2-5 Figure 3.1. Florida Archaeology Regions. ........................................................................................ 3-1 Figure 3.2. 1849 Plat map of the project APE. ............................................................................... 3-10 Figure 3.3. 1951 and 1971 aerial photographs of the APE. ............................................................ 3-16 Figure 4.1. Location of archaeological sites within one mile of the APE. ....................................... 4-2 Figure 5.1. Location
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