Investigating the Engagement of College Students in an Activist Exhibition Fierce-Browed and Head-Bowed: Bay Area Asian American Movement

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Investigating the Engagement of College Students in an Activist Exhibition Fierce-Browed and Head-Bowed: Bay Area Asian American Movement Investigating The Engagement Of College Students In An Activist Exhibition Fierce-Browed And Head-Bowed: Bay Area Asian American Movement by Danielle Alexandra Coates B.F.A in Art and Visual Technology, May 2013, George Mason University A Thesis submitted to The Faculty of The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Exhibition Design May 19, 2019 Thesis directed by Andrea Hunter Dietz Assistant Professor of Exhibition Design © Copyright 2019 by Danielle Alexandra Coates All rights reserved ii Dedication The author wishes to dedicate this work to her parents. This is our degree. iii Acknowledgments The author wishes to acknowledge the Office of Diversity, Inclusion, and Multicultural Education at George Mason University and Kylie Stamm for inspiring her research into the Asian American Movement and Christopher Kardambikis for guidance on the printmaking studio and activities. iv Abstract of Thesis Investigating The Engagement Of College Students In An Activist Exhibition Fierce-Browed And Head-Bowed: Bay Area Asian American Movement The present document will investigate the engagement of college students in an activist exhibition through the topic of the Bay Area Asian American Movement. The narratives of the movement will be organized by the locations around the Bay Area, beginning on the college campuses then expanding to San Francisco’s Chinatown- Manilatown. Each content section has a brief description of the narratives that will be presented to the visitor and their flow within the exhibition. The exhibition will explore the development of the Asian American Movement through the perspective of college students and young adults. The audience for this exhibition is college students. Interviews were conducted with four undergraduate students from George Mason University to better understand their museum visitation, social and political engagement, and their free time. In addition to the interviews, activism on college campuses will also be addressed. The site of the exhibition will be at the Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive, which is very accessible to UC Berkeley students. The exhibition will transform the museum’s Gallery One to an open floorplan with a printmaking studio in the center. To inform the design of the exhibition four precedent exhibitions were analyzed, highlighting key takeaways which will inspire aspects of this exhibition. The narrative device of the exhibition is the characteristic of activists prints. The narrative device will inform the design and interpretive strategies to create impactful moments throughout the exhibition which will inspire community. The narrative experiences of college students from the Asian American Movement will empower visitors and cause them to draw v parallels to their own experiences. The layout of the exhibition will facilitate community building through visitors working with their hands creating prints and zines together in an open studio. vi Table of Contents Dedication ......................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................. iv Abstract of Thesis .............................................................................................................. v List of Figures ........................................................................................................... vii Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1 History of “Serve the People” ........................................................................................ 1 Audience Overview ............................................................................................................ 3 Why College Students? .................................................................................................. 3 Target Audience ............................................................................................................. 5 Student Profiles ............................................................................................................... 6 Paula Alderete, Senior, Global Affairs ........................................................................... 6 Gia Ha, Senior, Civil, Environmental, and Infrastructure Engineering .......................... 7 Jose Lopez, Junior, Information Technology ................................................................. 7 Hannah Mitchell, Senior, Secondary English Education ................................................ 8 Audience Engagement .................................................................................................... 8 Site Selection ...................................................................................................................... 9 Site Analysis ................................................................................................................. 12 Other Sites Considered ................................................................................................. 12 Design + Content Precedents ............................................................................................ 13 All Power to the People: Black Panthers at 50 ............................................................. 15 Disobedient Objects ...................................................................................................... 16 Into Action .................................................................................................................... 17 Content: Bay Area Asian American Movement ............................................................... 17 Curatorial Goals ............................................................................................................ 22 Design Plan + Strategies .................................................................................................... 23 Arts Activism and Printmaking .................................................................................... 23 Narrative Device + Interpretive Strategies ................................................................... 25 Design Strategies .......................................................................................................... 27 Design Elements ........................................................................................................... 28 Exhibition Experiential Journey ................................................................................... 29 vii Narratives of the Asian American Movement ............................................................... 29 Hands-On Experience .................................................................................................... 34 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 36 Bibliography ...................................................................................................................... 39 Appendix ........................................................................................................................... 43 Interviews / .................................................................................................................... 43 Figures ........................................................................................................................... 73 viii List of Figures Figure 1 Exterior of Berkeley Art Museum and Film Archive ........................................... 73 Figure 2 Ground Floorplan of the BAMPFA ...................................................................... 73 Figure 3 Interior of Gallery One, BAMPFA ...................................................................... 74 Figure 4 Exterior of Oakland Museum of California ........................................................... 74 Figure 5 Kearny St. San Francisco, outside of the International Hotel ............................ 75 Figure 6 Title Treatment for Serve the People ...................................................................... 75 Figure 7 Title Treatment for Roots ....................................................................................... 76 Figure 8 Installation view of wall display and cases in Roots ............................................ 76 Figure 9 Installation view of wall display, cases, and hanging in Roots .......................... 77 Figure 10 Installation view of wall display and case in Serve the People ......................... 77 Figure 11 Reading interactive in Serve the People ........................................................... 78 Figure 12 Installation view of Emory Douglas’ work ...................................................... 78 Figure 13 Video installation in All Power to the People .................................................. 79 Figure 14 Large scale graphic of federal document in All Power to the People .............. 79 Figure 15 Large scale text of Ten Point Plan in All Power to the People ........................ 80 Figure 16 Visitor posing in Huey Newton replica chair in All Power to the People ........ 80 Figure 17 Entrance treatment of Disobedient Objects ....................................................... 81 Figure 18 “How To” artist’s instructions
Recommended publications
  • Richard Aoki Memorial Committee the Life and Times of Richard Aoki
    THE LIFE AND TIMES OF RICHARD ords Richard Aoki Memorial Committee The Life and Times of Richard Aoki in his own words From Richard Aoki's interview with KPFA Apex Reporter, Wayie Ly Taped July 2006 Published by the Richard Aoki Memorial Committee © May 2009 2066 University Avenue Berkeley California 94704 [email protected] www.ramemorial.blogspot.com 1 their empire in the Far East. If one steps back and looks at a map of the Pacific, one can see that those two countries were on a collision course for When Elephants Fight, the Grass Suffers conflict. I'm Japanese American. I'm a third generation born citizen of this country. Now in 1941 when the war occurred, it became bad news for people of My grandparents, both maternal and paternal, were immigrants from Japan Japanese and Japanese American ancestry here in the US. There's an to the United States at the turn of the century. African proverb that goes like this, "when the elephants fight, the grass Both my parents were born here in this country and were American citizens suffers." The Japanese here were the grass in that case. A hundred and by birth. This may not seem like a big deal at this moment, but it becomes an twenty thousand Japanese and Japanese Americans were interned in ten interesting fact as we go further into the history of the Japanese in the concentration camps, euphemized as "relocation centers," during the period United States. of the war. My family was not an exception. My parents, grandparents and myself ended up in a concentration camp.
    [Show full text]
  • The Richard Aoki Case: Was the Man Who Armed the Black Panther Party an FBI Informant?
    THE RICHARD AOKI CASE: WAS THE MAN WHO ARMED THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY AN FBI INFORMANT? by Natalie Harrison A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Wilkes Honors College in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Arts and Sciences with a Concentration in History Wilkes Honors College of Florida Atlantic University Jupiter, Florida April 2013 THE RICHARD AOKI CASE: WAS THE MAN WHO ARMED THE BLACK PANTHERS AN FBI INFORMANT? by Natalie Harrison This thesis was prepared under the direction of the candidate’s thesis advisor, Dr. Christopher Strain, and has been approved by the members of her supervisory committee. It was submitted to the faculty of The Honors College and was accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Arts and Sciences. SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: ____________________________ Dr. Christopher Strain ___________________________ Dr. Mark Tunick ____________________________ Dr. Daniel White ____________________________ Dean Jeffrey Buller, Wilkes Honors College ____________ Date ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank, first and foremost, Dr. Strain for being such a supportive, encouraging and enthusiastic thesis advisor – I could not have done any of this had he not introduced me to Richard Aoki. I would also like to thank Dr. Tunick and Dr. White for agreeing to be my second readers and for believing in me and this project, as well as Dr. Hess for being my temporary advisor when I needed it. And finally, I would like to thank my family and friends for all their support and for never stopping me as I rattled on and on about Richard Aoki and how much my thesis felt like a spy movie.
    [Show full text]
  • Knowledge Point #8
    RICHARD AOKI Richard Aoki (1938-2009) Richard Aoki was a “sansei”, third-generation Japanese-American, who became one of the founding members of the Black Panther Party (BPP). Richard spent years as a child in a WWII Japanese American concentration camp. This experience led to much resentment with how people of color are treated in the United States. He grew up in West Oakland and served eight years in the U.S. military. The U.S. military attempted to enlist him for another eight years but he saw it as a trap. He came back to Oakland, attended Merritt College, and reconnected with old friends from his neighborhood. One of his friends was a BPP founding member, Bobby Seale. Richard became intimately involved in the founding of the Party and contributed the first two firearms. He was Minister of Field Operations and trained Black Panthers in tactics dealing with the police. His leadership made a significant impact on individuals and groups in the contemporary Asian American Movement. Richard's contributions to the groundbreaking organization Asian American Political Alliance (AAPA) and its involvement in the Third World Liberation Front (TWLF) student strike led to the formation of ethnic studies at U.C. Berkeley. Above all else, Richard Aoki's life demonstrates the incredible dedication to justice one man has had and how the lessons of solidarity, commitment, and discipline can carry on from one generation to the next. Click the play button to listen to a custom playlist for Knowledge Point 8! RELATED VIDEOS & READING DOCUMENTARY Richard Aoki speaks at Third World Liberation Aoki (95 min) Front conference in 1969 (90 secs) RADIO READING Don’t Believe the Hype | Hard Knock Radio Interview Aoki Supporters, Including Kathleen Cleaver, Call with Bobby Seale, by Davey D and Anita Johnson FBI Claims 'a Distortion' | Colorlines RELATED ACCOUNTS ON SOCIAL MEDIA Below are links to programs that serve the Black community here in the bay! Check them out! FOLLOW OR EMAIL US! GIVE US FEEDBACK ENTER TO WIN A RAFFLE SSOOUURRCCEESS Mary.
    [Show full text]
  • R Chou Dissertation
    ASIAN AMERICAN SEXUAL POLITICS: THE CONSTRUCTION OF RACE, GENDER, AND SEXUALITY A Dissertation by ROSALIND SUE CHOU Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2010 Major Subject: Sociology ASIAN AMERICAN SEXUAL POLITICS: THE CONSTRUCTION OF RACE, GENDER, AND SEXUALITY A Dissertation by ROSALIND SUE CHOU Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved by: Chair of Committee, Joe R. Feagin Committee Members, Wendy Leo Moore William A. McIntosh Marian Eide Head of Department, Mark Fossett May 2010 Major Subject: Sociology iii ABSTRACT Asian American Sexual Politics: The Construction of Race, Gender, and Sexuality. (May 2010) Rosalind Sue Chou, B.S., Florida State University; M.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Joe R. Feagin Why study Asian American sexual politics? There is a major lack of critical analysis of Asian Americans and their issues surrounding their place in the United States as racialized, gendered, and sexualized bodies. There are three key elements to my methodological approach for this project: standpoint epistemology, extended case method, and narrative analysis. In my research, fifty-five Asian American respondents detail how Asian American masculinity and femininity are constructed and how they operate in a racial hierarchy. These accounts will explicitly illuminate the gendered and sexualized racism faced by Asian Americans. The male respondents share experiences that highlight how “racial castration” occurs in the socialization of Asian American men.
    [Show full text]
  • Faces of the Asian American Civil Rights Movement
    Faces of the Asian American Civil Rights Movement Teacher Note It is important to note that social movements are about unifying groups of people to create change and progress for all. Frequently we isolate particular individuals to spotlight within movements, turning them into heroes and role models for children to emulate. With increasing emphasis on citizenship education, it is sometimes easier to give students specific examples of people who have overcome adversity and achieved greatness rather than talk in general terms about large groups of individuals fighting for a common cause; students can relate more directly to individuals and identify character traits, a common learning standard. This document provides some biographical information about some of the most prominent people within the Asian American Movement while acknowledging the roles of countless others who worked in the past and continue to fight in the present. What is particularly significant about the following historical figures is their fierce determination to fight for justice across racial lines. Each figure was tutored in resistance by other activists involved in the Black Power movement, the Socialist Workers Party, and other groups. Their stories offer a glimpse of the interracial alliances that existed during the height of the civil rights movement but are rarely discussed. Such alliances are vital in today’s environment where people of color continue to face racial profiling, discrimination, and violence, among other injustices. These interracial alliances have existed for a long time in American history. In 1903, Japanese and Mexican agricultural workers joined together to strike against local landowners. In the early 1900s, many men from the Punjab region of Pakistan/India married Mexican women in California.
    [Show full text]
  • Grassroots Leadership and Afro-Asian Solidarities: Yuri Kochiyama’S Humanizing Radicalism Chapter Author(S): Diane C
    NYU Press Chapter Title: Grassroots Leadership and Afro-Asian Solidarities: Yuri Kochiyama’s Humanizing Radicalism Chapter Author(s): Diane C. Fujino Book Title: Want to Start a Revolution? Book Subtitle: Radical Women in the Black Freedom Struggle Book Editor(s): Dayo F. Gore, Jeanne Theoharis, Komozi Woodard Published by: NYU Press. (2009) Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt9qgjjp.17 JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms NYU Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Want to Start a Revolution? This content downloaded from 140.103.49.228 on Mon, 14 Jan 2019 21:22:55 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 13 Grassroots Leadership and Afro-Asian Solidarities Yuri Kochiyama’s Humanizing Radicalism Diane C. Fujino Life magazine’s coverage of the assassination of Malcolm X bore a striking photograph of the slain Black leader lying prone, his head resting gently on the lap of a middle-aged Asian woman.1 The visibility of Malcolm’s gigantic impact juxtaposed with the invisibility of this woman is symbolic of the erasure of Asian American activism. That the woman in the photo is Yuri Kochiyama, one of the most prominent Asian American activists, though obscure to all but certain activist and Asian American circles, speaks to the continuing invisibility of Asian American struggles.
    [Show full text]
  • It's About Time…
    It’s About Time… Volume 5 Number 3 Summer 2001 OUR SAN FRANCISCO KID News Briefs PASSES ON Houston - Shaka Sankofa’s son, Gary Lee Hawkins, convicted of Black Panther Captain Warren Wells murder - gets life. He was accused of robbing and killing a friend, but Remembered as the People’s Defender maintains his innocence. York, PA - A new autopsy has been performed on the exhumed body By Ida McCray and Kiilu Nyasha of a white police officer shot to death during the city’s 1969 riots. The Warren William Wells was born in San Francisco’s Alice Griffith body of Henry C. Schaad was exhumed Tuesday morning, looking for projects (Double Rock) on Nov. 13, 1947. His first struggle in a predomi- metallic remnants and a few were found. Prosecutors are reinvestigating nately Black community was to over- the killings of Schaad and Lillie Belle Allen, an African American woman, come the stigma attached to his green both shot during 10 days of riots in July 1969. Nine white men, including eyes and light skin. Nicknamed York Mayor Charlie Robertson, were recently charged with homicide in “Dub”, Warren got his first taste of the Allen shooting. prison in 1963, when at the tender age Oklahoma City - Police took blood from 200 men and compared of 16, he was sentenced as an adult to their DNA to the semen left behind in a murdered woman’s car in a “sweep” Soledad State Prison. It was there that for DNA. There were no matches. Police plan to test 200 more men who he met brothers like George Jackson, either lived near the victim and have a criminal record or resemble the Eldridge Cleaver, Alprentice Bunchy police sketch.
    [Show full text]
  • Qt03d7j97v Nosplash 30A7dd2
    Acoustic Properties The FlashPoints series is devoted to books that consider literature beyond strictly national and disciplinary frameworks, and that are distinguished both by their historical grounding and by their theoretical and conceptual strength. Our books engage theory without losing touch with history and work historically without falling into uncritical positivism. FlashPoints aims for a broad audience within the humanities and the social sciences concerned with moments of cultural emergence and transformation. In a Benjaminian mode, FlashPoints is interested in how literature contributes to forming new constellations of culture and history and in how such formations function critically and politically in the present. Series titles are available online at http://escholarship.org/uc/flashpoints. series editors: Ali Behdad (Comparative Literature and English, UCLA), Founding Editor; Judith Butler (Rhetoric and Comparative Literature, UC Berkeley), Founding Editor; Michelle Clayton (Hispanic Studies and Comparative Literature, Brown University); Edward Dimendberg (Film and Media Studies, Visual Studies, and European Languages and Studies, UC Irvine), Coordinator; Catherine Gallagher (English, UC Berkeley), Founding Editor; Nouri Gana (Comparative Literature and Near Eastern Languages and Cultures, UCLA); Susan Gillman (Literature, UC Santa Cruz); Jody Greene (Literature, UC Santa Cruz); Richard Terdiman (Literature, UC Santa Cruz) A complete list of titles begins on page 314. Acoustic Properties Radio, Narrative, and the New Neighborhood of the Americas Tom McEnaney ❘ , this book is made possible by a collaborative grant from the andrew w. mellon foundation. Northwestern University Press www.nupress.northwestern.edu Copyright © 2017 by Northwestern University Press. Published 2017. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Support for the publication of this book was provided by the Hull Memorial Publication Fund of Cornell University.
    [Show full text]
  • Kearny Street Workshop Archives CEMA 33
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt62903498 Online items available Guide to the Kearny Street Workshop Archives CEMA 33 Finding aid prepared by Alexander Hauschild, 2010 and CEMA staff with periodic updates. UC Santa Barbara Library, Department of Special Collections University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, California, 93106-9010 Phone: (805) 893-3062 Email: [email protected]; URL: http://www.library.ucsb.edu/special-collections 2010 August Guide to the Kearny Street CEMA 33 1 Workshop Archives CEMA 33 Title: Kearny Street Workshop Archives Identifier/Call Number: CEMA 33 Contributing Institution: UC Santa Barbara Library, Department of Special Collections Language of Material: English Physical Description: 8.5 linear feet Date (bulk): Bulk, 1980-2002 Date (inclusive): 1972-2002 Abstract: The nonprofit agency Kearny Street Workshop (KSW) is the oldest multidisciplinary Asian American arts organization in the United States. Established in 1972 as a collective of artists in San Francisco's Chinatown/ Manila town neighborhood, KSW is now a nonprofit agency that serves many Asian/Pacific American communities from its office in San Francisco. This collections covers material from 1972 - 2002. It contains posters, publications, and photos. The struggles of the neighborhood such as low-income housing, strikes by garment and electrical union workers, and the eviction of the elderly tenants defines much of the art in this collection. General Physical Description note: 6 document boxes, 5 oversize boxes and 176 posters Physical Location: Del Norte Language of Materials: The collection is in English. Access Restrictions The collection is open for research. Use Restrictions Copyright has not been assigned to the Department of Special Collections, UCSB.
    [Show full text]
  • Robert F. Williams, Detroit, and the Bandung Era
    Transnational Correspondence: Robert F. Williams, Detroit, and the Bandung Era Bill V. Mullen Can you imagine New York without police brutal- ity? Can you imagine Chicago without gangsters and Los Angeles without dirilects [sic] and winos? Can you imagine Birmingham without racial dis- crimination and Jackson, Mississippi without ter- ror? . Can you imagine cops and soldiers without firearms in conspicuous evidence of intimidation? Do you think this is a utopian dream? I can understand your disbelief. I believe that such a place exists on this wicked and cruel earth. —Robert F. Williams, “China: The Good of the Earth,” 19631 [A]ll genuine Bandung revolutionaries must unequivocally support the Revolutionary Afro- American Movement. The Black American radical is a redeemer who must resurrect a colonial peo- ple who suffered centuries of spiritual and psy- chological genocide, and who acknowledges but one history——-. slavery…. The Afro-American revolutionary is the humanistic antithesis of the inhuman West. —Revolutionary Action Movement, Black America, 19652 We learned from Detroit to go to the cities. —General Vo Nguyen Giap to Robert Williams, 19683 The September, 1963, special issue of Shijie Wenxue (World WORKS•AND•DAYS•39/40, Vol. 20, Nos. 1&2, 2002 190 WORKS•AND•DAYS Literature) published in Beijing was dedicated to W. E .B. Du Bois. The lyric poet to China, twice a visitor there, had died in August on the eve of the March on Washington. Working quickly, the editors had compiled an extraordinary gathering of writers and writings in his name. They included Du Bois’s own poem “Ghana Calls,” writ- ten to commemorate his final exile; Sie Ping-hsin’s “To Mourn for the Death of Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Against Empire: the History and Politics of The
    Praise for Black against Empire “This is the book we’ve all been waiting for: the first complete history of the Black Panther Party, devoid of the hype, the nonsense, the one-dimensional heroes and villains, the myths, or the tunnel vision that has limited scholarly and popular treatments across the ideological spectrum. Bloom and Martin’s riveting, nuanced, and highly original account revises our understanding of the Party’s size, scope, ideology, and political complexity and offers the most compelling explanations for its ebbs and flows and ultimate demise. Moreover, they reveal with spectacular clarity that the Party’s primary target was not just police brutality or urban poverty or white supremacy but U.S. empire in all of its manifestations.” — Robin D. G. Kelley, author of Freedom Dreams: The Black Radical Imagination “As important as the Black Panthers were to the evolution of black power, the African American freedom struggle, and, indeed, the sixties as a whole, scholarship on the group has been surprisingly thin and all too often polemical. Certainly no definitive scholarly account of the Panthers has been produced to date or rather had been produced to date. Bloom and Martin can now lay claim to that honor. This is, by a wide margin, the most detailed, analytically sophisticated, and balanced account of the organiza- tion yet written. Anyone who hopes to understand the group and its impact on American culture and politics will need to read this book.” — Doug McAdam, author of Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency, 1930–1970 “Bloom and Martin bring to light an important chapter in American history.
    [Show full text]
  • AAPI National Historic Landmarks Theme Study Essay 14
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior A National Historic Landmarks Theme Study ASIAN AMERICAN PACIFIC ISLANDER ISLANDER AMERICAN PACIFIC ASIAN Finding a Path Forward ASIAN AMERICAN PACIFIC ISLANDER NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS THEME STUDY LANDMARKS HISTORIC NATIONAL NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS THEME STUDY Edited by Franklin Odo Use of ISBN This is the official U.S. Government edition of this publication and is herein identified to certify its authenticity. Use of 978-0-692-92584-3 is for the U.S. Government Publishing Office editions only. The Superintendent of Documents of the U.S. Government Publishing Office requests that any reprinted edition clearly be labeled a copy of the authentic work with a new ISBN. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Odo, Franklin, editor. | National Historic Landmarks Program (U.S.), issuing body. | United States. National Park Service. Title: Finding a Path Forward, Asian American and Pacific Islander National Historic Landmarks theme study / edited by Franklin Odo. Other titles: Asian American and Pacific Islander National Historic Landmarks theme study | National historic landmark theme study. Description: Washington, D.C. : National Historic Landmarks Program, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 2017. | Series: A National Historic Landmarks theme study | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017045212| ISBN 9780692925843 | ISBN 0692925848 Subjects: LCSH: National Historic Landmarks Program (U.S.) | Asian Americans--History. | Pacific Islander Americans--History. | United States--History. Classification: LCC E184.A75 F46 2017 | DDC 973/.0495--dc23 | SUDOC I 29.117:AS 4 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017045212 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
    [Show full text]