40 T HE JO URNAL

THEMUSEUM H 0 P Unique Gifts of Significance

contemporary crafts Roesen note stationery copper miniatures decorative tiles authentic indian artifacts THE jigsaw puzzles postcards JOURNAL historical literature OFTHE Lycoming County Historical Society

VOLUME Vll WINTER-SPRING NUMBER ONE 1970-1971 JOU R NAL MUSEUM STAFF of the Director John W. Strawbri.Ige lll LYCO-MING COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY Ad till s native Aides Mrs. Anne Gstalder P7ibtisbed Semi-AI I ilalLy in Willia7nsPo , Pel I STtuania Mrs. Jean Laylon Museum Office 858 West Fourth Street PreParatol' alza Exhibits Custodian Elmer D. Geurdes,Jr Telephone (Area Code 717) 326-3326 Brfilding Cr4.stodial Ralph Wikstrom

BOARD OF TRUSTEES freq ElTfollee Thomas Fuller CARL H. SIMON, PRESIOENT A. F. KEIGHLEY RALPH R. CRANMER, TREASURER WILLIAM E. NICHOLS, JR., ESQ. WALTER J. HEIM DONALD M. CARSON, MICHAEL LAGANA CURRENT SOCIO'IY PRESIDENT MUSEUM VOLUNTEER STAFF BOARD OFGOVERNORS GeneaLogist Mrs. Donald M. Carson [)ONALD M. CARSON, PRESIDENT EDWARD J. DIJRRWACHTER, 3RD VICE PRES. TI{OMAS T. FABER, IST. VICE PRES. MRS. DONA].D M. CA]ISON, SECRETARY Registfa Mrs. Robert Marshall JAMES P. BjiESSI.ER,2NO VICE PRES. HAROLD B. TAYLOR, TREASURER Catalog C07rLmittee Miss June Foresman, Chairman Miss Ethel Ertel 1969-1971 TERM 1970-1971 TERM 1970-1972TERM Mrs. Frederick Snell MRS. JOHN W. LINDEMUTH PAUL G. GILMORE ANDREW K. GRUGAN Mrs. Fi:ed Foresman MRS. EDIT]] L. WRIGHT LORING B. PRIEST Fine Arts Program?LCop}7nittee Dr. June E. Baskin, Chairman MRS. AH.AN N '. YOUNG, JR. MR. JOHN W. BITNER Andrew K. Grugan SAMUEL J. DORNSIFE

C)relation M2{sezl?l} Mrs. Michael J. Lecce, Chairman EX-OFFICIO BOARD MEMBERS To {.r Gu+.de Nel ,ste£tet Mrs. Thomas Tiber, Editor MISS MARGARET B. CORYELL - LIFE HONORARY MEMBEl{ MRS. MICHAEL J. LECCE REPRESENTATIVE Pzfblicity alza PTlblic Rel'ltions Charles E. Noyes JUNIOR LEAGUE OF WILLIAMSPOI{T MR. MAX AMnGn - PRESIDENT, C7frato ial Departments. THE GREATER WILLIAMSPORT ARTS COUNCIL Arcbaeolog) .JamesP. Bressler, Chairman Willard Schell William Turnbaugh SOCIETY STAFF Archives alla Rica ds Miss Gladys Tozier, Chief EXECUTIVE SECRETARY MRS. KATHRYN J. CLUTE C2tra arial Conswttal Samuel J. Dornsife EDITORS Edl£cation Andrew K. Grugan DONALD M. CARSON .JOHN W '. STI{AWBRIDGE, III MRS. KAI'HI{YN J. CLUTE RIK FIOFMANN Fine Arts Dr. June E. Boskin

lltdzfstr] Francis Maneval

Extra Copies of The Journal Fif ty Cents Each Textiles Mrs. Jane Ingersoll n

CONTENTS PACE MEMBERSHIP MEETING PROGRAM 1970-1971

Membership fleeting Program for 1970-1971 5 You are cordially invited to attend our regular membership meetings which will be held at 8 p.m. on the third Thursday of each month. We will meet at the Museum Six-Month Financial Report, April I through September 30: 1970 6 except in September and March, when the dinner meetings will be at che Warrensville Museum Showcase 8 Fire Hall.

Parc ll of ''The Life and Times of William Hepburn ' 10 September17, 1970 (6: 30 p.m. dinner:,Warrensville Fire Hall) WILLIAM N. RICHARDS. Director. Bureau of Museums. The Pennsvlvanian yiv Genealogy Corner 1) Historical and MuseumCommission. :Effective Use of a Modern Museum Quest for Information on German-American Writers October15, 1970 Biography of John Sloan by Mrs. John Sloan 16 PAUL. G. GILMORE, Editor, Williamsport Sun-Gazette, The Wild Lycoming--Streatn of History by JanaesBressler 19 'Highlights of Local History '

1976 BicentennialCelebration zs November 19, 1970 MISS GLADYS TOZIER, Museum Archivist, slide presentationreset on ik Coupthouses of Lycoming County by R Hofmann 27 'The Ring of the Axe and Weir of che Saw'

Time Capsule for New Coupthouse 28 December 17, 1970 CHRISTMAS PARTY Reenactment of 1940 Christmas meeting, dramatizing William Sips and His Pottery 29 three "Christmas Recollections'' of 100 years ago by: Mrs. Edith Wright, Messes. ScottLaughead and Don K. Skills, with Dr. MendalVan Vann leadingthe RachelSilverthorn by KatharineW. Bennet 30 Christmas carols

Two Sturdy Pioneers 31 January21, 1971 DR. JUNE BARKIN, Supervisorof Art, Williamsport Area SchoolDistrict, Battery "D", 1914 [o 1919 32 In the Interest of Ai:chitecture When Newberry Burned by Katharine W. Bender 33 February 18, 1971 Questions from the Archives 18 A moving picture, in color and sound, from Colonial Williamsburg entitled :Doorway to the Past' Answers to the Above March 18, 1971 (6:30 p.m. dinner, Mari:ensvilJeFire Hall) Index of Journal Ai:tides Published from 1955 to 1969 36 MRS. ELIZABETH. TOWNSHEND TRUMP. Internsrionallya Known ExpertX on Antiques Antiques -- the American Way '

April 15, 1971 MRS. HUMES COLLINS, Nationally Known Collector of Pewter COVERPiCVUKE--This view of che front of our old courthouse, 1861-1968, shows the 'Early American Pewter: tower surmounted by the figure of Justice. See Mr. Hofmann's article on "Courthouses ( Annual Business Meeting) of Lycoming County.' Mrs. John W. Bitner Program Chairman 6 THE JOURNAL Non-Operating Expenditures Capital 857.66

SIX MONTH FINANCIAL REPORT BALANCE Society Checking Acct. 9-30-70 $ 4283.65 April I through September30, 1970 #lncludes Contributions, Soft Drink Machine and Pay Telephone concessions, and income from Truss Funds. The follow,ing condensedreport of Society and Museum finances has been taken # #Building Maintenance, Hauling, Exhibit Supplies: Telephone from our Treasurer'soperating statement for the first six monthsof the presentfiscal and Historical Publications and Memberships. year, starring April 1, 1970. Some of our receipts are seasonal,such as meeting room rental [o the Community College, now on a 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. basis.By next summer LYCOMING COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY he tourist trade should help fill this gap. Funding by the Williamsporc Area School STATEMENT OF ASSETSAND FUND BALANCE District has helped raise the current annual budget to $33,700. This badly needed help has resulted from recognition of a number of well-received museum school programs in September30, 1970 1969, such as rhe Operation Museum classesfor younger school children, using museum CURRENT ASSETS objects, which was originated by the Junior League under the leadership of Mrs. Michael Lecceand her staff. Much of the credit for our school-orientedprograms and tours goes Checking Account $ 4283.65 to Mr. John Strawbridge111, who worked as Exhibit Consultantfor three years.On Savings Account 328.60 rune 1, 1970, he was placed on the payroll as full-time Museum Director. Other Museum Gift Shop Inventory ($854.16) Prepayments employees and our new Executive Secretary for the Society, Mrs. Kathryn Chute, work ($331.98) 1168.14 $ 5798.39 on a part-time basis. Blue Cross-Blue Shield insurance for them WASstarted in June Details of rhe Museum pi:ograms are ourJined by Mr. Strawbridge in his Museum TRUST FUNDS INVESTED Showcase Section. Federal Home Loan Bank 8.05 percent Bonds $10125.00 LYCOMING COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY Savings Acounts 2783.95 Stock of Corporations 1878.75 14787.70 OPERATING STATEMENT APRIL 1, 1970, TO SEPTEMBER 30, 1970 FIXED AND OTHER ASSETS Checking Account 4-1-70 $ 1092.72 Land, Building, Furniture, and Fixtures $341331.57 RECEIPTS Display Equipment, Cases, Material, etc. 19600.92 Dues from Members $3159.50 Victorian Period Room 4762.04 Admissions to Museum 420.96 Artifacts 69271.63 $434966.16 Lycoming County Commissioners ( six months ) 2700.00 Williamsport School District ( six months) 2000.00 TOTAL ASSETS $455,552.25 Rentals -- Wmspt. Area Com. College and others 1540.00 Gift Shop -- Income in Excess of Expenses 211.30 Dinner: and Bus Trip - Income in Excessof Expense 52.75 Accrs. Payable and Taxes Withheld 365.17 Other Incomes 763.16 Fred Waning 1969 Concern 2500.00 13347.67 FUND BALANCE $455,187.08

FUNDSAVAILABLE $14440.39 TOTAL LIABILITIES and FUND BALANCE $455,552.25 EXPENDITURES Salaries $ 8474.75 Members of the Society should not be misled by this $4,000 balance in our check- 670.00 Insurance ing account on Sept. 30, 1970. We had lust received a subsidy from {he Williamsport Office Supplies, Postage,Printing Journals and Brochures 842.65 School.A.uthority. Only a few weeksbefore we were down to a few hundreddollars Utilities and Heat 26S2.36 of available cash to meet current obligations. We are still badly in need of funds with Social Security, Blue Cross-Blue Shield 569.82 which to operatethe Museum.October 1, 1970,was the end of the six-monthgrace Other# # 530.12 13739.70 period for payment of dues by people who had noc renewed their memberships for the cast fisca[ year, and 69 had to be dropped from the mai]ing list. Seventy-onehave Funds in Excess of Operating Expenses 700.69 been added to our ro]]s. This makes a very sma]] gain in total membership. As of Jan Non-OperatingAdditions and Other Credits 1, 1971, we have 556 memberships. Estimating two people for each family membership, Accts. Rec., Payable, & Misc--Net Credit 1090.62 we have approximately 775 members. Since income from dues in our current budget Advance payments for fiscal year: calls for at least 1,000 inelubers,we urge all of you to take an active part in soliciting CountyCommissioners -- Third Qtr 1350.00 new membersfor our Society. Wmspr. School District -- 3rd and 4th QErs. 2000.00 4440.62 We takethis opportunityto point out charbequests to the HistoricalSociety are held strictly in trust, and only the income from such money is used to defray operating 5141.31 expenses. 8 T HE JO-URNA L 9

Changes in fashion and skillful needle- ics own collection and also certain materials work are represented in rhe costume and loaned by other museumsand individuals. textiles department From ehe earliest samp- The exhibits serve to illusti:ace concepts in lers to late Victorian dresses. the threads the human history of our area and are di- of local history are woven into materials rected toward a general audience. Follow- of usefulness and beauty. ing a roughly chrorlologicalpatten, the story of man is tracedfrom Indian times The military history department serves [o the beginnings of our own century. Thus as a repository for the weapons and acces- far the exhibits opento the public include sories of war. A highly valued addition to rhe departmenthas been the acquisition of che Indian and Lumbering galleries, a sec- rhe Reno Post Civil War Collection from tion dealing with decorative arts of the Victorian era and area for specialexhibits, Lycoming College. the Industrial gallery, and a number of The industrial collections of the Mu- smallerunits relating to Little LeagueBase- seum contain rhe equipment used by our ball, the conservation of natural resources, ancestorsin shaping useful objects to their and early nineteenthcentury textiles.A ou,n needs.The tools of the blacksmith and scheduledopening of the gallery ''The Way carpenter, along with those of the cooper, Our People Lived", will take place early in cobbler, f arrier, and millwright indicate 1971, and will provide an illustration of rhe pride in craftsmanshipheld by the urban and real life of the past in Lycom- people of our past. As industrialization be- ing County. gan in Lycoming County, producesof local One aspect of many of rhe exhibits is companies signify the accomplishmentsof change.In order to provide new experi- Him 1 1 q n. I people working together ences for the museum visitor and in order Art and man is the concernof the fine [o show additional material from the a r0flle aSt reSe:t and fUUre arts department. Drawings, paintings, and museum collections, the exhibits undergo P P P graphics in rhe collection illustrate the 21Q evolution. Some are replaced every artistic talents and. tastes of oui: ancestors month, particularly those in the lobby area; The Lycoming County Historical Mu cure food and to keep warm, leaving be- hind a few sconetools which serveas a in producing works of art for their homes others change every six weeks, namely the seum, now two years old, continues its and public buildings The long-term loan special art oaibits; and most of the risc developmentas a significant cultural re- record of their passage As Indian cultures of a group of paintings from rhe James V. are, at best, semi-permanent, lasting perhaps source. Progress since its opening in No- evolved, as Indian technology progressed, Brown Library greatly enriches our resource five years.Although the Museutnhas not yet vember 1968 has been in all areas of the a greater number of artifacts were left be- in this area. developedits total area,the exhibitspm- Museum: collections. exhibition. and edu- hind. By unearthing these materials, Mu- gram will never be complete.As new ma- cation. Following is a brief review of those seum archaeologists can gain an under:- Maps, photographs, personal papers, busi- terials are acquired,as our knowledgeof activitieswhich can serve as a short his- standing of Indian life: hunting, fishing, ness records, and legal documents are pre local history increases,and as the needsof tory of the institution and which shall warfare, agriculture, food preparation, re- served in the Archives as a resource for his- out visitors change,the Lycoming County characterize its operation in the future. ligion, and ceremony. The archaeological torical research. One section of the Ar. Historical Museum will attempt to adapt its collections of the Museum include thous- chives, the Neu,man School Collections. exhibits in order to maintain its significance Among the various types of museums, ands of objects and are constantly being was acquired from the Perl)sylvania Federa- [o the community the purposecommon to all is collecting.In amassed.The most significant addition dur- tion of Junior Historiansand containsmuch a regional history museum, objects, paint- ing the past two yearshas been the gift of mated:ial relating [o early public education A most important parc of the Museum ings, and documentsare collected in order the Collins Collection from Lycoming Col- In our county. is education. Several educational programs to reflect the changing conditions of human lege. have been instituted thus far involving life in a particular area, in our case, in Ly- All of the Museum collections are ac- young people from the primary grades to coming County. The collections, thus es- The development of an American civili- quired under rhe responsibility of each college level. Included are the Junior mblished, are the single most important zation in Lycoming County is reflectedin curator, with the criterion of historic sig- the diverse materials of the Museum's cul- League's ''Operation Museum," the Arcs aspect of the Museum and are the basis nificance used as the basis for acceptability Centre of the Williamsport Area School for its existence. ture history department. Here, objects made Most of che objects collected have been gifts I)istrict, and museum-related courses at or used by local residents signify levels of of local people. A huge amount of credit Lycoming College. The beginning of man in Lycoming taste, standards of living, methods of is due those who have contributed in this County is illustrated by the collections of araftsmenship, and forms of recreation way, making the Museum truly a commun- A museum experience in the social archaeological material held by the Mu- Stoneware, glass, pewter, silver, iron, and ity institution. studies is the purpose of "Operation Mu- seum. The earliest Indian migrants to oul woodfind expressionin objectsused in seum," a most successful program originat- area lived a simple and strenuous existence, local homes over the past two hundred The exhibition program of rhe Lycom- ed by the Junior Leagueof William;port spending moss of their time trying to se- yeah:s. ing County Hlisrorical Musetun utilizes both In classes held at rhe Museum, elementary- 10 THE JOURNAL school children learn about Indians. his- ry-making, woody'orking, textile design, mac that embraced the entire land holdings time, representinga district composedof toric modesof transportationand the lum- and other crafts. of Hepburn. Although he held much land in Luzerne. MiMin. and Northumberland bering industry. Objects from the collec- partnership Rich his brother, he possessed Counties. A vacancy having been cleared tions, are used to bring reality to the con- [)firing the fa]] semester 1970, Lycoming at different times numerous tracts in his through the resignation of Senator Mont- cepts dealt with by the Junior League College srudenrs began working for course own right. As early as 1789 he bought at gomery,a specialelection to 611the vacancy teachers. Nou, in its third semester. more credit in the archaeologydepartment of the a sheriff's sale a tract of 300 acressituated was held January 8, 1794. William Hep- Chan five thousand students have been in- Museum. The initial project for this course is the classificationof artifactsin the col- along LoJ'alsockCreek, probably a part of burn, by a majority of 64 voles over Rose- volved in the program. rhe northernboundaries of the city of well Wells, was elected to fill the vacancy. lections and is being accomplished under Williamsport. In 1792 he acquired 315 Knowing Hepburnto be of their opinion, In November 1970, the Williamsport rhe super-visionof Dr. MauriceMock, of rhe friends of division went forward with Area School District began operation of its acres called ''Williamsburg", but later sold Lycoming College. off about half the tract. Again records show renewed energy. Hepburn was appointed Arts Center at the Museum. This project is Chat on May 4, 1796, he purchased four financed under Title I of the Elementary chairman of a committee consisting of These formal educational programs, lots from Michael Ross. Two of these lots four addiciona] Senators to prepare a report and SecondaryEducation Act of 1965 and is along with numemus student tours: con- were situated on Front Street while the on the division. So well did the committee supervised by Dr. .june Boskin. Activity is stitute a major useof the facility, and will other [wo were on the northeast side of the prepare their report, and so zealouslydid centered in the Museum's cad:cage house hopefully encouragepublic awarenessof rhe value of the Museum public square. Less than a year later he pur- they pursue their aim, that less than two and involves instruction in music, art, jewel- chasedtwo lots in what is now Newbei:ry. monthsu'ere to elapseuntil April 13, 1795, Then in 1797 he bought "Corn Bottom", a when Governor ThomasMiMin signedthe tract of 16 acres in Lycoming township bill creatillg the new county of Lycoming THE LIFE AND TIMES OF WILLIAM HEPBURN His further land purchases were of no great Eventhe namewas not acquiredwithout importance until, with his son-in-law Robert struggle, for originally the county was [o (CONCH,US10N) McCture,he purchasedthe John Ediniston be named Jefferson. This was not adopted, tract of 223 acres.This land was situated and che names of Lycoming, Susquehanna, I'deen tfonl LTcorlLingGaze te at Jn1] 3, 1821 on Dougherty's Run, about tuo miles from and Muncy were in turn proposed and turn- its mouth. His last purchase was in 1814 ed down. After reconsideration. it was With the increase of population in this formed. The squire promptly united theirs. being a tract of 294 acres in Loyalsock agreed to name the new county Lycoming newly openedterritory, William Hepburn When the groom hestitatingly informed Township. According to Meginness,the after the great stream which had for so was quick to sense the need for a store him that he did not have enough honey last transaction to appear in the record many years formed the boundary between where goods and supplies could be obtained [o pay the fee and buy a few articles neces- books as a grantee is in the deed of parti- Northumberland County and the disputed without going a long distance.About 1790 sary for housekeeping,the squire was so tion with his brother James, when they Indian land. H.epburn started such an establishment impressed with the trarlkness and honest divided the Deer Park and Mound Joy and becamethe first merchantin the set- By way of digression it might be men- appearanceof Mr. Bennettthad he not only traces.Deer Park, on which Hepburn lived tioned that as originally formed Lycoming tlement which ultimately becamethe city remittedthe fee but suppliedhim with for over thirty years,was a splendidprop- County contained an area of approximately erty containing 316 acres.It must be under- of Williamsport. Sincegrain could be more someprovisions from his store, and sent 12,000 square miles. However, it was not rhe newly married couple up the river re- stood that not all of the above mentioned readily marketed in liquid form, owing to to remain forever a county of such vast pro- joicing in their canoe. land was in his possessionat the sametime. the diHculties of transportation, many portions for either in whole, or in part farmers started distilleries. Whiskey was a :On another occasion an Irishman named He sold much land, and by his will it can Armstrong, Bradford, Centre, Clear6eld, more marketable commodity. So, in keep- Conn had a suit beforehim, and raking ex- be seenthat at his death he held only his Deer Park farm and a few other tracts Clinton, Indiana, Jefferson, Mckean, Potter, ing with others of the time, Hepburn ad- ception to some of his rulings, gave vent Sullivan, l-'toga, Venango,and Warren ded the distilling businessto his other pur [o his feelings in personal abuse of the It is well to recallthat during most of counties have been formed. Although her suits. Thus we find him before the year Justice. Instead of commanding him to be 1800 a farmer. a distiller. a merchant. and the period thus f ar mentioned Lycoming original 12,000 square miles have dwindled silent, or imposing a fine, the Squire County, as it came to be, was a part of the to 1,213, she proudly boastsof being the a Justiceof the Peace.Since he was the quickly threw off all dignity, and walked vast area knowrl as Northumberland Coun- second county in point of size in the com- only Justice for n)nes around, much busi- from behindhis desk,with one blow of monwealth nesscame to him. ty. Agitation, begunas early as 1786, ap- his fist sent Conn sprawling Ol] the floor. peared for a division of Northumberlaid This illustrious man was noc to hold the We turn now to two interesting anec- No further interruption occurredduring the County,but for nineyears it wasonly progress of the trial, but the defendenc proud position of State Senator for long, dotes quoted from Meginness. "He was agitation. Much of the opposition which but he exchanged for one that brought never forgot the blob ', and attempted [o it noted for his wit, quickness of repartee, developedto the division came from, and him greater pmminence. On April 15, 1795, and kindness of heard. Among the anec- u'aylaythe Squireafter he becamejudge was supportedby, Robert Morris. The Governor MifHin appointed William Hep- dotes that have been preserved, two may His strongarm did not fail him, and Conn 'financier of the Revolution". as he was again discomforted, concluded not to inter- burn one of four associatejudges for ti;e be mentioned. One day he was wailed on popularly known, was the holder of thous- purpose of organizing the judicial machi- by a young man named John Bennett, who fere further wth the muscular representa- ands of acres in Norrhumberland County nery of the new county. These associate tive of justice. had paddled his sweetheart five or six miles and it was from much of his holdings that judges meeting buc a few days later in the in a canoedown the river for the pur- With the mention already made of the Lycoming County was formed. William village of Jaysburg, west of the mouth of pose of having the marriage ceremony per- 'Deer Park" tract, it must not be supposed Nfontgonlery nas the State Senator at the Lycoming, for rhe purpose of organization 12 THE JOURNAL 13 heaped further honor:s upon Hepbui:n by site was at Jaysburg, which was already 250 acres of cleared land, under good 4. Thomas Jefferson--so long as he electing him as president. Thus William regularlylaid out and was rhe only place fence, and in fine state of cultivation. acts for his country's good, may Hepburn gained the high honor and proud making any pretensionsto a village west and well known as "Deer Park Farm ''. he receive his country's applause. distinction of being the first President of Muncy. 'l'emporary quarters had ali:eads on which said deceased resided. (3 cheers and a volley.) Judge of Lycoming County. Having attain- been secured for the county oncers, and 5 GeorgeClinton--he fought his ed this new office and honor, Hepburn re- Prothonorary and Register and Recorder country's battles, and may his signed the oHice of Stare Senator on April Kidd had opened his oHice. As before men- counts'y never f orger the patriot. 20, 1795. It is proper to assume that while tioned, the four newly created judges met (3 cheers and a volley.) the Judge was a man without legal learn- for the first time in Jaysburg.A jail had 6. Taos.Mckean firm asa rock, ing, he dischargedthe dutiesof judge with been provided, a jailer appointed, and a and stable as the everlasting hills. ability and fairness,dad advancedmpidly prisoner ot two had been incarcerated ( 5 cheers and a volley.) in his judicial capacity. ( Meginness) But for Jaysburg, possession The next gavel:nor may he be a COURT PROCIAA141'iON was not to be considered nine points of the man unbiased by party, and law. Judge Hepburn was intensely inter- proudof theprosperity of his Whereas the Honorable Thomas ested in having the county seat located on state. (3 cheers and a volley.) Cooper, Esq., ( President of the several rhe east side of Lycoming Creek. In the 8. Commerce--a speedy resuscita- Courts of Common Pleas in the eighth meantime Michael Ross appearedon the tion of its corpse. (6 cheers and circuit, consisting of the counties of scene as a powerful factor. He owned 285 DEERPARK Built by William.Hepburn in a volley.) Luzerne, Northumberland, and Ly- acres of land lying in wham is considered 1800, using bricks front his o'wn brick yard. 9. The embargcF--hay it soon be coming, and Justice of the several rhe central part of Williamsport, and en- safely moored in the dry dock courts of General Quarter Sessions of visioned a down growing on his acres The editors of the PennsylvaniaRe (3 cheers and a volley.) rhe Peacein the said counties) and Surely added impetus would come in the porter, Harrisburg, Pa., Lancaster In- 10. Agriculture--the basis of our William Hepburn, James Davidson, fulfillment of his dream if it were made the telligences, and German Stateboethe, national wealth. May the surplus John Fleming,and SamuelHarris, county seat. There can be no doubt that Lancaster, Pa., will please to insert the above three times and forward their ac- of its producenot rot or] our Esqs., (judges of the said courts of the Judgeshared his views for he, too, had hands. (5 cheers and a volley.) General Quarter Session of the Peace, vase acres whose value would be enhanced counts to this once for payment. 1 1 Our national legislature--may in the said county of Lycoming) have if the dream of Ross should materialize. Another item gleaned from the wisdom and not party spirit pre- issued their precept bearing date of The best description that I have been able newspapersof the day follows: dominate in its debates. (6 13th day of October, to me directed, [o obtain of mis piece of land appearsin a 'To celebrate rhe anniversary of the cheers and a volley.) for holding a court of Oyer and Ter- SalesNotice, published after tl;e' death of glorious period which gave birth to 12 Our country--proud of its na- miner and General Jail Delivery, Gen- his second wife, under date of June 18, the freedom and independenceof our tional honor, may it never cringe 1828 eral Quarter Sessions of the Peace, [o a foreign power. (5 cheers and Court of Common Pleas in the country, a respectablenumber of gent- It it also interesting for it shows us the lemen of this borough and its vicinity and a volley.) borough of Williamsporc on Monday, manner in which such sales were to be assembledon Mondayon the bank of 1 3. Hemp--may there be a su6i- the 30th day of November next. advertised in other papers. rhe Susquehanna. They were honored ciency of it for all who would Datedat Williamsport,the 15chday Sales Notice, Lycoming Gazette with a large and brilliant circle of beau- barter the liberties of their coun- of October.A. D. 1807.and of the in 6 18-1828 tiful ladies try. (3 cheers and a volley.) 14. Salt as the importation of this dependence of the said Commonwealth Will be sold at public saleac the William Hepburn, Esq., was chosen rhe thirty-second. Courthousein the borough of president and Mr. Charles Stewardvice- necessary article is prohibited. J. Cummings, Sheriff president. After partaking of a collec- may the mountain be removed Williamsport, Lycoming County, on from the wilds of Louisiana and God Save the Commonwealth Monday, the 25th of August next, the tion provided for the purpose, the fol- lowing toasts were drunk: the Atlantic shores. (3 cheers Lycoming Gazette 10-15-1807 following pi:operty, being part of the 1. The day we celebrate the and a volley.) real estateof the late William Hepburn 15 Peace may it soon cover the Since Mr. W'ilkins makes the positive Esq., deceased,and to be sold ag;eebly birthday of liberty and a repub- statement than Williamsport was named to the directionsof his will, VIZ: 330 !ic. (3 cheers and a volley.) n'hole earth like a garment. (9 2 cheers and a volley.) after William Hepburn, some attention acresof first-rate bottom land. situate The memory of the heroes who 16. must be given to how the city came to be on the north side of the West fell in fighting for the liberties The Susquehannaso long as and leavethe dissensionof how the city branch of the Susquehanna about a of their country 'tis honorable liberty is dear, may its banks give us an annual repast. (6 came to be named to others. After the half-mile .z&o e /be &ofowg# of [o die for one's country. (3 cheers and a volley.) Governor had signed the act creakingthe Williamsport, with valuable improve- cheers and a volley.) 17. new county, he appointed five commis- 3 The American fair--lovely a- ments, consisting of a large two-story George Washington as a hero have all God's creation sioners to select a site for a county seat. brick house and kitchen, a brick dis- and a statesman,the pride of (10 Very early one proposed site was at [)unns- tillery, a large double barn, and other America, and the admiration of cheers and a volley.) burg, on the mainland above the Great outhouses; also an orchard of choice rhe world. (3 cheersand a vol- VOLUTEERS Island, now in Clinton County. Another apple and other fruit trees and about ley.) Judge Hepburn and aJI friends to our 14 THE JOURNAL 15

coup)try--may they never want spirit Further military honors were to come to sidious enemy, he perhaps more than any Possessedof good natural abilities, urban- nor courage to defend it. (3 cheers and William Hepburn for under date of June other person kept in check, or rendered ity of manners, and an accurate knowledge a volley.) 4, 1807, Governor Thomas Mckean ap- unavailing, in this and some of the a(jjoin- of mankind. his influence has been exten- By Mr. Hays--confidence in a major- pointed him Major-General of the Tenth ing counties -- then a frontier and ex- sive, his talents respected, and his virtues ity. (3 cheers and a volley.) Division of the StateMilitia. to serve f or posed to all the stratagem and havoc of revered. His conduct. indeed, has been such Lycoming Gazette July 6, 1808' foul years. savage warfare incursions aimed against as to gain the applauseof his friends,and True to the faith of his fathers, Judge Probably with the approach of advancing the defenseless inhabitants which elsewhere the respect of his political opponents Hepburn was a Covenanter and remained age, the Judge turned over much of the marked the most bloody and heart-rendering Lycoming Gazette, 7-3-1821 { one until his death. Among the early records work of his storeto his sonSamuel. buc scenes.- ot the Lycoming Presbyterian Church the took an active part in the managementof name of Judge Hepburn frequently ap- his farm. pears not only as its treasurer buc as a His h:st wife and the mother of ten of contributor also to its support. Tunison his children died in 1800 and was buried in Coryell in his historical reminiscencesthus rhe f amity plot located at Fourth and Ceme- ahe(Genealogy Carncr speaks of him: ''The Judge was one of the tery Streets.Within a shoretime he was married to Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas During the course of a year we geE many is 435-0441, or bring the inforlnacion to supporters of the first Presbyterian Church the Society OHiceat the Museum. built at Newberry. A receipt of the Rev and Jane Welder Huston of Williamsporr requests for genealogical information from outside Lycoming County. We hnd that In orderto answercurrent requests, im- Isaac Grief, the pascal to William Hepburn, To them were born nine additional child- mediateinformation is neededon the fol- dated February 20, 1796, as treasurer of ren members of many original f amines emi- Lycoming Congregation,for 15 195 and Fmm all the given facts one can only grated to other parts of the county. In f act, lowing. thee' spreadout all the way from Lake 1. Daniel Dunlap of Pine Creek who 3 1/2 d, full amount of first year's salary conclude that the veteran soldier, judge, died about 1831. due from said congregation,the 3rd of merchant, and farmer muse have lived an Helen, Fla., to Seattle, Wash., and Santa Ana. Cal. 2. Michael and Cathei:ine Page Bower, October, 1794, has been preserved." unusually full and active life. Time had to whose son Dwight was born in 1845. rake its toll and the Judge showing signs of In orderto help themtrace their fore- After Williamsport had been created a bears. we use available sources such as wills, 3. Martin Luther Young, an itinerant borough in 1860 it began to attract many a rapid decline,fell violently ill and died men as residentswho had worked with June 25, 1821,in his brick mansion at the real estate deeds, census reports, tax records, preacher in the mid 1800's. 4. Any descendents of Lt. Overton Judge Hepburn. Nlo record of the life of the foot of Park Street. He was buried in the obituary notices,cemetery records, and, of old graveyard on West Fourth Street, where course, Megint)ess' History of Lycoming Carr, Jr. He was graduated fmm West Paine Judge would be complete if mention were in 1872 and died in Philadelphia in 1881. he had assistedin burying those who were County. The Society Archives yield some not made of his prominence in at lease Your cooperation will not only preset:ve one other respect.For a few yearshe had so mercilessly slain by the savageson the information. tenth of June, 1778. His second wife, hav- the record of your own family bl-It will help been a Mason,having originally been a All [oo often these sourcespmduce very rhe Society in their efforts to researchin- member of Lodge No. 22 located at Sud- ing survivedhim for a few months over six little information. For example, only rare- years was buried by his side, where their ly do realestate deeds give family relation quiries from the generalpublic. Placing our bury. Desirous of having a lodge instituted genealogical resources on a broader, more for his new borough,Judge Hepburnwith bodies rested until 1888. Then the remains ships. Relatively few people left wills and business-like basis will also enable the So- nine other men of distinctionin and a- were removed to Wildwood Cemetery. many of them did not record deeds to their ciety [o use this service as a source of in- properties. round the borough were finally instrumental OBITUARY JULY 3, 1821 come which is the practice in most other in having a petition granted for the con- On Monday, the 25th instant, after a We are very anxious to build up the historical societies sriturion of a Masonic Lodge in the year short but distressing illness, during which genealogy section of our archives. When 1806.Again the high esteemin which the the utmost fortitude and resignationwere che old courthouse records were micro .journal readers: Please take note on re Judgewas held by his brethrell is evidenced exhibited, died at his place of residence, filmed, we acquiredthe original will books quest concerningGerman American writ- by the fact that he was namedto be the near Williamsport, William Hepburn, Esq., and Orphan Cours records daring from the ers first worshipful master of the new lodge, age sixty-eight. On Tuesdayhis funeral was founding of the county in 1795 to approxi- Dr. Robert E. Ward, associate professor which was then and still is known as Lodge attended by a great concourse of people mately 1900. During the past two years of German at Youngstown State University, No 106 Free and Accepted Masons from Williamsporc and the country adjacent, these records have been indexed by volun- is seeking bio-bibliographical data and other ]'o provide but a glimpse ingo his wealth who assembledto pay the last tribute of teers. They arc available to members of information for his "Dictionary of GerJnan- and holdings, we borrow from Meginness respect to their much lamented friend the Society by prearrangement. American Creative Literature, 1670-1970 the assessments against Judge Hepburn for Mr. Hepburn's life has been eminently If you can traceyour family history back A Gernaan-American writer is anyone, re- the year y821, and we find "300 acresof useful and respectable; and his death will to early settlers,won't you shareyour in gardless of nationality, who writes creative land, in 3 separatetracts, I house, I distil- long be deplored by those who have enjoyed formation with us so we can help other literature in the Germanlanguage while re- lery, 4 horsesand 6 cattle, 6 housesand an the pleasure of his friendship or acquaint- people who are doing researchon their siding in the Ur)ited States. Direct all cor- assessment of g100 for occupation". This ance with unaffected sorrow. In the struggle genealogies?It's quite possiblethat you will respondence to: totaled $3,918 on which the assessment was for independence he supported, as an oHi- be helping some of your own distant rela- Professor R. E. 'Wrard $19.59. His brick house was built about cer in the Americanarmy, a very active tives. Pleaselet us know about any such in Department of Foreign Languages 1802 and appearsin the assessment]isr for and conspicuous part; and by his unceasing formation by calling the Society Genealogist, Yotlngstown State University that year. vigilance and exertions,against a most in- Mrs. D. M. Carson. Her home .phone number Youngstown, Ohio 44503 16 THE JOURNAL 17

When Sloan was parc way through the lasted longer. ''My job became obsolete junior year of high school, his father's health whena form of automationcame in. the suffered a serious breakdown. The f amity management having decided to subscribe to decided that Sloan would have to leave a syndicated Sunday Supplement instead of school to help support his parents and sis- puntingout their own, but I still had the job ters. Many years later he said about this of making word-puzzle drawings once a crisis: "I don't think I was ever bitter about week. This paid my rene for another seven leavingschool at the ageof sixteen,but I yearswhen we moved to New York cannot bear to remember the look of grief Sloan was thirty-three when he moved and defeat on my father's face when he had [o New York. and for the first time in his [o tell me." On another occasionhe said that adult life he was free to do more work for he ''might have been a doctor,' lawyer, or himself. While n'asking the streets to find preacher.' work as an illustrator of magazines and At first he had a job as assistant cashier books he saw the life of the city and be- in a book score. There was a print depart- gan to make a seriesof etchingsand paint- ment there, with original etchings by Rem- ings to show what interestedhim. In the brandt which he used to copy in pen and summers he marlaged to spend a week or ink to sell for five dollars. Then he starred two in the country to paint landscapes- to make greeting cards with his own verses Ten yearsafter he movedto New Yoi:k, and sketches. Finding that he could earn when he was foley-three, Sloan was finally some extra money in this way, he decided to ableto saveenough money to spenda 'WAKE OF THE FERRY go to night school to learn more about whole summerin the country painting land- drawing. This led [o a job as a designerof by John Sloan calendarsand novelties.and free lance work scapes. He went to Gloucester, Massa- Phillips Gallery, Washington. D. C. chuserrs,a stnall fishing pore where a num- for advertising. When the free lance work ber of artists liked to go. Here he painted (To be issued as a postage stamp in 1971) did not bring in enoughmoney, he goc a many pictures of the seashore and then job as an illustrator f or the Philadelphia neighbors children, and also started to teach BIOGRAPHYOFJOHN SLOAN / zg Zfef.He continuedto earn his living as classes in painting. In 1916 he started a a newspaperartist until he was over thirty. tong career as a teacher at the Ai:t Students By Mrs. John Sloan Meanwhile, he had met a great teacher, Rob- Leaguein New York. One of his mossfam- ert Henri: who encouraged him to start ous peopleswas Alexander Calder who in Taken from pamphlet prepared for Title 111,E.S.E.A., J. Area. painting pictures in his spare time. There vented the "mobiles' was not very much sparetime when he John Sloan is an American Artist whose lighted with new additionsto his home li worked six and often seven days a week In 1919,he took a motortrip to New pictures are shown in all our great mu- bury and spent his Saturdays at the local from two in the afternoonuntil after mid- Mexico. There he found a new kind of seums,in New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, library rather than loafing around che house night, but he did start to paint portraits of landscapeto paint and scenesof town life in and Washington. He was born in Lock or playing baseball. His family encouraged his friends, and some pictures of Philadel- rhe old Spanishcity of SantaFe. The next Haven, Pennsylvania,in 1871. The Sloans him to makethings with his hands.Al- phia screedscenes. The paintings were shown year he went back and bought a house for had come from Scotland early in the eight- though they were poor, Sloan and his two in important exhibitions, but they did not summer vacarioJlswhich proved very bene- eenth century, bringing their trade as cabi- young sisters always had all the tools and sell, so he had [o go on working as an illus- ficial to his health He continued to spend netmakerswith them. At first they lived in materialsthey wantedto work with. By the trator to support himself and his family. most of his summersin New Mexicountil Hanover, Pennsylvania, and then they moved lime he was twelve, he had read all of Dick- the last one in 1951,which was spent in on to Williamsport and Lock Haven. By the ens and Shakespeare.He was fascinated by After his sisters had grown up, they Hanover,New Hampshire,at the invitation time John Sloan was born, the family busi- machinery and invented things and had were able to help with the care of their of his namesake John Sloan Dickey, the ness was feeling the pressure of competi- copieda]] the illusuationsin the dictionary parents. In 1901 he mari:ied "Dolly", Anna president of Dartmouth College. After sur- tion from factory-madefurniture, so in In the summershe usuallyhad a job to help MariaWall, a tiny little Irishwoman,who gery for cancer,he died in Hanover at the 1876 Sloan'sfather made a trip to Phila- out with the household expenses, becausehis encouraged him to take more time for his age of eighty. He had been looking forward delphia, looking for a new job. He found father made very little money and was in own painting. In 1904his job for the news [o many more years of happy work as an work as a traveling salesmanfor a paper failing health. One summer he worked in the paper came to an end (he was then work- artist. businessrun by his wife's family, and then railroad yards checking freight cars, and at ing for the Philadelphia Pfeii which is no moved his household to Philadelphia. other times he worked as an erl and boy in longer in existence) . His other artist friends Sloansfirst wife died in 1943, a year later orl the newspaperhad lost their jobs when he married Helen Farr. who had been one Sloan's mother had been a school teacher a lawyer's oHice.He said that he never had the halftone processhad been perfected to of his pupils at the Art Students League. She in Lock Haven. She raughcher son to read any pocked money and mat it didn't occur reproduce news photographs, but his job had collected the notes for his book, G/.r/ of to him to think that he should have. before he went to school. He was always de- as an illustrator for the Sunday Supplement Zr/, which was published in 1939. 18 THE JOURNAL 19

Several books have been written about Sloan illustrated books foi: Stephen Crane, TH E 'WI LD LYCOS I NG STREAMOF H ISTORY Sloan. Lloyd Goodrich, Director of the Whit- T. S. Daly, Edgar Lee Masters, Paul deKock (called the Dickens of France) Gaboriau, ney Museum, wrote a monograph at the time and Wilkie Collins. The last one he illus- Tonightwe focusour attentionon a ping to a more normal flow, became a mi- of the museum'sretrospective exhibition in streamwell knownto all of us who live in gration route for gzLmeanimals as they re- trated is probably the best known, OJt H#- Lycoming County, admired by travelers fmm created southward in the long winter and 1952. Van Wyck Bmoks published a bi- / I z Bo page, by Somerset Maugham. This wasdone for the Limited EditionsClub in near arid far, enjoyed bl' those who love the headed northward in the spi:ing even as the ography, Job7zSloan, A Paitlte7's Life, in great outdoors, and revered by those who geese do today, but unlike the browsing 195). Sloan's early New Yoi:k diaries, /o## 1937 S/oz z'l New york Scene,came out in 1965 know its history. This is Lycoming--the deer which have learned to survive the year WILD LYCAUMICK--as the first white round. It was natural for the earliest man In 1967 the Hainmermill Paper Company, He did not win many prizes, but was proud ot earning the gold medal granted by settlerscame to know it. One could stop at [o follow the game on which he lived, Lock Haven Division: privately printed a and he followed it over one of the most di- Ehe American Academy of Arts and Letters + any point along irs course, from its origin book on his newspaper work, Jo#/z SZo'z#'i near Grover to its conHuence with the Sus- in 1950, the year before he died. rect routes in the east--the valley of the Poi/ef Peffod. The most recent publication quehanna in Williamsport: and be in sight Lycoming. Evidence of this is rapidly com- is /o& z S/oa#'i Pff/;/i by Peter Morse, pub- Sloan is best known foi: his pictures of of enoughof history to require an evening ing to light. At the mouthof GraysRun lished by the Yale University Pi:essin 1967. rhe "American Scene", pictures of everyday [o relate. Rather we want to drift with the is a long fIdE field. Here was an unmistak- In addition to Sloan'scontribution as an lite in New York City. This subjectmatter centuries and stop long enough along the able site of the Paled man. for here have artist woi:king for himself, he gave a grade was not consideredproper for Art by the way to become a part of the historical epi- been found at least two of his characteris- deal of time helping other artists lind the juries and critics at the beginning of the sodes thad mark the Lycoming as a stream of tic fluted spearpointsknown as Clovis twentieth century. They thought this kind history. points.We knowlittle aboDEhim for he opportunity to show their work. In 1908 ot genre picture was too realistic, or too he helped to organize the exhibition held at had few permanent campsites and moved much like illustration even though artists in To hnd the true genesisof Lycoming one che Macbeth Galleries in New York City. about with the game on which he sub- France, Holland, and Spain had made pic- would probably need to ren:eatat least into sisted. He was the hunter of bison and Known as "The Eight", this group of Robert tures with the same kind of subjects. The Eht lorlg-dead ages of the Pleistocene--the Henri's friends made a great impact on the lnalnmoth, and we pur his appearance on art world.(Henri, Glackens,Davis, Luks, art history books now refer to work done by ice age.The last phaseof the ice ages--the the Lycoming at about 8,000 years B. C. Sloan and his friends as the "Ashcan School Wisconsin glaciers--is thought to have Then for thousands of years the valley was Shinn, Lawson. Pendergast, and Sloan) . Two penetrated southward 10 the vicinity of yearslater this group organizeda pioneer of Painting'' which makes the reader think again quiet until about 3500B. C. when on trac theseartists were interested in the grimy Trout Run. Toward the close of this age, mis same field camped a much larger group exhibitionof IndependentArtists which side of life. As a matter of f act. howeve;. drew suchcrowds that the police had to be roughly 20,000 years ago, the whole east- of hunter-fisher-gatherer people known to us the picturespainted by Sloanand Glackens ern part of the country was coveredfor a. only as Lamoka, or Early Archaic man. These called in to manage the tmHc. Then in 1913, of New York City parks, restaurants, and huge sheet of ice, often thousands of feet Sloan helped with the famous Armory Show had by now becomemore stableand lived country scenesare full of enthusiasm for the Chick. As the climate moderated the melted in what resembleda form of village, prob- that brought modern art to America. From water assumed huge proportions, especi- 1918 until he died: Sloan was president of kind of happyhealthy life they observedin ably consisting of several family groups. the neighborhoods where they lived. ally in the mountain valley of Lycoming the Society of Independent Artists, an ex- They had a much better developedstone It cut huge gaps into the rock barriers to roo[ industry and left behind the we]]-known hibiting organization with an open door for EDITOR'l NOTE: The Historical Society is carve out the geller al contours as we know all kinds ot work that has been imitated by deeply grateful to Mrs. John Sloan and to spearpoints and flan-backed knives of their outdoor and clotheslineshows all over the them today. In that time there was no life culture. Where they came from and where Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Grugan for raising here. The melting ice left behind an un- they went must forever be lost in the mists country. Perhaps he was moss proud of his the cultural level of our museumthrough duJaring desert of momines at the head- of time. service as president of the Exposition of their well organized special exhibits of Mr. Indian Tribal Arts. which showedthe work waters of Lycomingwhich can plainly be Sloan'swork along with that of other world- seen near Grover and Canton. This melting Thus we have an antiquity for the She- of American Indians asreal art in a traveling renown artists. These fine collections were shequin trail thee takes the historical be- exhibition that was sent around the United process may weil have taken thousands of seen and appreciated by thousands of view- years,and in its wake the land was at last ginnings of Lycoming almost to the close States from 1932-1934. ers, mainly school children and arc students. ready for the slow advance of nature as it of the lce Age--a span of more than always does to heal its own wounds. First 12,000 years. Here lived a band of humans appeareda huge tundra on which grew on the Grays Run plains a thousandyears lush grass auld moss, to be followed later for before Mosesled the Hebrewsto the prom- QUESTIONSFROM THE ARCHIVES trees as the species spread their seeds ahead ised land. They lived hei:e at the tilde of the of them. Huge animals, now extinct, the very beginnings of the first dynasty of Egypt. 1. Who was Affy Dunlm? 4. Who was the first blacksmithin Wil. mastodon, bison, probably horse, and other 2. Where were Safe Hlarbor Flouting Mills liamsport? grazing animals moved. into the rich area Through the ages following Indian no- located? mads catnped often in the dark vale of ). Wham did George Rothrock manufac- from rhe south and west. The sequencein- evitably brought mail into his first contact Lycoming, but more often than not merely ture? used the valley as a convenient north-south 3. When was Williamsporc incorporated with the Lycoming. as a Borough? migration route even as we do today. Some- ANSWERS The Lycoming.now rapidly growing into time during Middle and Late Woodland, ( Page35 ) brush and trees,and with the streamdrop- times, when rhe Indian had progressedat 2'0 THE JOURNAL 21 leastto thepoint of limited agricultureand The time is now 1737 in the bleak cold of Sunbury, and except for Madam Montour's tory. The Hartley expedition thad was to had learnedthe alt of pottery making, a March. His companions were Chief Shikel- village no vestige of white influence was follow hoped to destroy some of the Indian substantial settlement was made at Hepburn- Jarny,the Oneida, and several Indian guides. yer found in this awesome wilderness. outposts that had played so devastatinga ville that was sporadicallyoccupied until Shikellamy, whose hut stood near the pi:e- parr in the invasion of Lycoming Creek. colonial times. Here they settleli on the sent site ot Milton, was strategically placed It was the treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1768 rich botromland on the west bank of the there by the Iroquois to act as an overseer chat gave Thomas and Richard Penn the The expedition began on September 21, stream, and grew patches of corn, beans, of the Delawares, who in turn were allowed opportunityto purchasethe portionof 1778, and followed the Sheshequin trail squashand melons.More significantly for us, to remainon the Susquehannaonly at the Pennsylvania whose one boundary was which was is no way adequatefor a mili- che squaws discovered a good source of pleasureof the Iroquois. The occasion was BurnettsRidge arid the Tiadaghton.All of tary expedition.Robert Covenhoven,a clay to fashion some of the finest pottery a journey to Onondaga,where burned the us, lam sure, are acquainted with the con- young colonial scout and hero, was to dis- in the area. These are known to archaeolo greatcouncil fire of the Six Nations. Weiner fusion this sale caused. The Iroquois claim- tinguish himself on this mission largely be- gustsas the Clemson'sIsland people, and had been sent there by the provincial l ed the Lycoming was the Tiadaghcon; the cause of his intimate knowledge of the good examples of their pots are oii display authorities [o keep open the lines of com- Penne understood it to be Pine Creek. The country he had come to know as a survey- in our museum. A thousand years earlier an munication between the British and the pow rolling hills betweenthe two screamshad er's helper. Colonel Hartley described the extensive village of the Late Archaic hunter- erful Iroquois. always been a favorite hunting ground slow and arduousprocess of moving through gacherer people was built on the termce and the ]roquoiswere reluctant to lose it. the Lycoming valley in superlatives. He where Hepburnville school now stands. This Already the storms of war were foi:ming The settlers who poured in after the French likened it to cannibals crossing the Alps. village of typical round bark huts was scaE- betweenthe Frenchto the north and the and Indian War squatted on this disputed The trail crossedand recrossedthe Lycoming reredfrom that point to the confluenceof British for control of che lucrative fur trade land fully aware that they would receive no upwards of twenty times. Every foot of trail Lycoming and Mill Creek. Many interesting in the hitherlands of Pennsylvania.Control protection from the province. This, in time, had to be cut to make possible the passage stone artifacts have been found here as of that rude carried with it an infinitely led to the creationof the Fair Play System of men and equipment for a force of 200 silent tribute to the skill of their makers. greater prospect of gaining preemption I story we have time only to mention here. men. They followed the Sheshequin east- On the lower reachesof the stream where its rights for setcleinentamong friendly in With the coming of the Revolution and ward from Canton toward Tioga which was watersmingle with the Susquehanna,the deans and eventual claim [o the territory rhe completeloyally of the Iroquois to the Chen hostile Indian country. The Indians Transitional people, known f(5r their soap- Weisei:,the Indian interpreter, was a vital British cause,the Lycomingvalley was to were by now well aware of their approach stone vessels and large rhyolite spearpoints, link in this chess game. This, the first of play once more a decisive role in the poli- and were preparing to meet theiii near settledin largenumbers around 1500B. C his many trips over the Tulpehocken and Newtown near Elmira. Instead, Hartley The Susquehanr)a was their homeland and Sheshequin trails, almost ended in disaster tics of .colonial history. By now the Susque- harlna bottomlands were peppered with 'the moved on to Queen Esther's town which at probably no tinge before or since has for Chief Shikellamywhen he slipped on they destroyed. Several engagementswere rhe smooth ice of the clips near Ralston cJearingsof white settlersas far west as the valley seen so expensive an occupation rhe Great Island and beyond.Tills frontier fought but few losses were siiaered. main- But they, like the rest, faded from th8 scene Weiser as well as others who travelled the became the backdoor for invasion of the ly because the men were well acquainted lonely Lycoming route described in sheer to seal forever the truth of their going. They weakerpart of the colony by war parties with Indian wartare and were well equip- left no wi:itten record. What little w;l know superlatives the gloomy nature of the valley, ped for it. This raid disrupted for a dime must be adduced from the stone or other of British and Indians. Well directed by the hidden as ic was in perpetual darkness under British, the Senecasmade good use of rhe Indian mischief on the frontier. but it indestructibletools and pottery they left rhe giant pines and hemlocksand the laurel three main invasion routes: the Sinnema- remained for the much larger Sullivan ex- behind. But thesetell us nothing about the thicketsalong the path. The Indian trail honing, the Lycoming, and the North pedition finally to break the back of the people themselves,their work and their play, was nothing more than that--a body width Iroquois confederacy. Hartley returned by their joys and their sorrows, their culture Branch. The stakes were high, for, if suc- of open path among otherwise impenetrable cessful,they could lay waste the rich agri- way of the North Branch,fighting a con- and their origins, and the new generations misery. cultural and manufacturingbase of Ihe stant rearguardbattle with trailing war that cameto learn new customsand new \ Revolution. parties. ways.Yec a little u,hile and the mixmaster After Weiser's original trip through the of civilization and industry will scatter and wild Lycoming, the Moravian missionaries, '/ Time doesnot permit any extensiveac- The followingyear, in July 1779,the destroy even the tools such as we have been Spangenbergand Zeisberger, soon followed count of the many episodesin which the Lycoming was again to witness a major privileged to find. Future generations will in the name of Christianity to cement fur- Lycoming valley was involved. We shall British and Indian raid. Led by the notorious ther the relations between white and red. seeonly what we have had the foresight to look at only a few significanthighlights Hiokaco and rhe Tory Capt. Mcdonald, a preservefor them in our museum. In the Frenchand Indian war that fol- force of British and Senacasnumbering a- lowed, the Lycoming valley had no pai:r in After the Big Runaway,caused by the round 200 had assembledon the Lycoming For ages the Lycoming lay quiet. The rhe hostilities, but the Sheshequin played news of the brutal Wyoming massacre, a near where 'Wrheel Inn is now located above coming of the white man was inevitable of host to many missions of diplomacy ' (liver few settlersreturned in August of 1778 to Ralston. Here was the rendezvous for a course and when the first white man set it shuttled the couriers to the Six Nations. harvestwhat crops were not destroyedby mission thee had as its objective the destruc- foot on rhe banks of the Lycoming it was in whose tottering loyalty nevertheless remain- the rampaging Indians. Col. Broadhead was tion of the West Branch settlements.the consort with and because of his Indian ed with the British eventuallyto tip the placed in command of available forces with subjugation of the points of defense: and neighbor. There is no substantial evidence scalesin their favor and blunted fi;fever headquarters at Wallis's, later [o become finally the attackon Fort Augustaand the that any white tradershad penetratedinca the Frenchclaims to the territory that was Fore Muncy. After Captain Walker built destruction of the supplies of the Sullivan the vale of Lycoming ahead of Conrad Wei- to be Pennsylvania. No settlements had Fore Muncy, plans were laid to make at expeditionat Northumberland.But this ner, whose accounts are well documented yet been made much above Fore Augusta at least a retaliatory raid inca Indian terri. lime their advancewas discovered.High 22 THE JO-URNAL 23 on a ridge overlookingthe valley,our hero many. Work was begun in May, 1792. The never heard from again. Another prominent freeze over winter. This allowed the fire scout, Robert Covenhoven.(Ud his work crews started from che Loyalsock and gen- settler of Trout Run was John Allen, father clay and ore to be separatedmanually-- well. He madehis way well in advanceof erally followed the Sheshequin ti:ail as f ar of Robert, who cleareda large tract of land Thus the nameFrozen Run. A rolling mill the invadingforce to spreadthe alum smut Run, whereit bore to the north. Pro- near there. Henry Hlews was another of K,as also established a shore distance below among the settlements in time to organize gress was slow and Williamson, who turn- thesehardy adventurerswho, together with Frozen Run at Crescentnear Marsh Hill. an orderly evacuationof rhe valley. This ed out [o be a better promoter than con his wife, Martha had participated in the This mill used the iron pigs produced at was known as the SECOND RUNAWAY tractor, was in constant conflict with the man )nginal colony at Oregon Hill. Finding thad rhe furnace. In 1847 the furnace was put Fore Muncy was abandoned.Only Fort in charge ot operations, William Bei:czy. region too wild and inhospitable, they mov- out of action by a disasterousfire. The prop- Freeland near Watsontown did not heed Despite great diHicutties with supplies and ed to Trout Run where the MarshaHews erty was then bought by the Lycoming Iron rhe warning in time, and the frightful loss with men ilifitted f or life in the Amen:scan [a\-ern was to become a famous landmark Company which rebuilt the furnace at a of life mereis one of the sadepisodes of wilderness,the road was finished in 1796. in later years. Here was one of the most cost of $300,000.Whereas the original fur- the times. Bur for Covenhoven's timely Its path could still be traced up Steam Val.- hardy and persevering women of the times, nace was operated with charcoal,the new warning, the loss of life on the West ley Mountain [o the point where it bore and during her 85 yearsof life shesurvived owners began experimenting with the use Branch could well be imagined. With the [o the right of Rouge 15 over Laurel Ridge [wo husbands but never once hesitated to of an anthracite-bituminousmixture. This victory at Fort Freelandwe witness one of From rhea:eit passedover the i:idge to Li- carry on the most rigorous work of the f arm verlture began in 1853, but it proved a fail- the eccentricities of the Indian nature. for berty,where the block housewas built, and and sawmi]] and later the general store ure and the furnace chilled. Someof the with their thirst for blood momentarily then on to neat Mansfield and Covington and tavern. charges with the coal imbedded in the mat- sated, they insisted on returning [o their and on to PaintedPose. While not a high- John Bodine, after whom Bodines was rix can still be seen where they were dump- homes. Thus the advance to Fort Augusta way by modern standards,the road made named, came to than place in 1838 and be- ed was abandoned. but to the north Forts possible an influx of emigrants that at least camea prominentman of his time.Bo- Muncy and Brady ]ay in ashesas did In parc satisfied the original hopes of the dines becamea place of note and several every settlers house in rhe valley. promoted:s. industries were founded there. A large tan- Fo[[owingthe Revo]uEion,the land rush And now for a quick look at someof the nery was built by Robert Innes. was on, and with it a new chapterbegan early serclers that began the taming of the By 1835 a sawmill was also erected there for the Lycoming. The next fif ty years saw vaJJeyin the wake of the Williamson Road as was a creameryand a hotel. the taming of the valley and the develop One of the earliest was James Kyle who Ralston was named after Matthew Rals- ment of more peacefulpursuits. The had cleared 30 acres of bottomland at Powys ton, a Philadelphia businessman, who even ahead of Williamson. He also erected Williamsons road is another saga that founded the town in expectariorls of making studentsof history delight in rhe telling one of the first grist mills so far upstream it into an industrial center. The railroad We will look at only the highlights. By 18115 one of the earliest sawmills was built on ClendeninRun to start the real was laid out to that paine in 1837 after the When land speculatiorl began after the discovery of iron and coal in the adjacent war, the Genesseelands becamethe focus beginning of lumbering in rhe area. Wood mountains. It is to this development that we was naturally one of the most abundant and want to turn our attention briefly. As we of attention. Robert Morris. the financier most needed raw materials available. Land of the Revolution, sold an estate of over a have seen, the development of the valley million acres of the choicest lands on the had to be cleared,and in the processthe was spurred by the discovery of ics several huge native pines and heinlocks and oaks natural resourcesthan for a time promised Genessee to Charles Williamson, an agent had to be disposed of. Soon mills sprang for the Pultney escapeof England: to be [o make this the industrial hub of the post- up all alongthe Lycoming,powered ac Revolutionary era. Two of these, coal and developed for emigrants. It seems strange first by water from the many tributary that the British, lately the losersin the war, iron were to become major f acton:s in che shouldnow be the first to be allowedto streams and later by steam early growth of the Ralston.We shall look invest their capital so freely here. In this A. M. Riley cleareda tract of land a at these briefly in turn they had the encouragement of some of short distance below Bodines before 1812. Iron ore associated with the coal measures rhe leading patriots of the Revolution. At and Martha Clendenin settled on Clenden- of Red Run was discoveredat an early date, any rate, in order [o make colonization pos- ins Run about the sametime. A. M. Slack but it remainedfor the New York Coaland sible, a road had [o be laid out through'the may we]] have been the first squatter on Iron Company of Elmira to make the first virgin forests from the Susquehannafrontier Lycoming Creek, having settled there shortly serious efforts to manufacture pig iron in to Painted Post. The building of the road after rhe Revolution at about the place 1831.This was at the mouth of FrozenRun THE OLD FURNACE is a long story, but it was a momentous where the Rollin Albert farm now stands. Mr. Aston, of rhe New York Company, es- undertaking for the times and on occasion SlacksRun was namedafter him. The vil- tablished a small furnace and thus founded By 1855 the railroad had been opened to almost ended in starvation and disaster. A lage of Bodinesville later grew up around rhe town of Ashtonville. Six years later a Elmira, New York, thus improving trans- man named Berczy was hired by Robert this clearing. Robert Allen was one of the charcoal furnace was erected a short dis- portation to major markets.A William Morris to head Ehe workmen composed of first settlers of Trout Run. A close friend tance up Frozen Run using the ores from Thompson of New Yoi:k then operated the inexperienced Europeans recruited off the of Aaron Bui:r, Mr. Allen mysteriously dis- the Red Run mines. Since the ore was rather furnace for about a year and a half, but he streetsand from rhe jails of Hamburg Ger- appeared n'hide on a trip with Burr and was impure in its native state, it was allowed to too gave up the venture. In 1864 the firm 24 T HE JO-URNAL 25 of Jervis Langdon of Elmira reopened the mei:dal scale. He was successful in con- ran theirs well past the World War I era. days of lumbering, Pleasant Stream valley furnace. They brought in ores from the structing a 2300 ft. plane [o lower the coal Like Mcintyre,the finale of the RedRun was a busy place. The whistle and puffing Bellefonteal:ea to mix with the white ores from the mountain to the railroad below. mines came when strip mining in fairly of the locomotiveswas a common soundas of Red. Run. The flood of 1865 disrupted A huge winch and a cable weighing ten recent years ended all operations. Red Run rhe S & NY trains labored their way up operations, again causing that fatal phe- [ons, and operated by a 15 horsepower steam is no more. rhe grade to Masters. This vast area was nomenon called chilling. Thus ended the engine, were instatied. Output of the Mc- rin)bered off by the Central Pennsylvania iron industry at Astonville, by now a good intyre mines amountedto as much as We cannot close this story without at Lumber Companywhich had a large mill sized village. It now became a ghost town 200,000 cons annually. This required a large leasea glanceat the majortributaries of at Masten. From there the road snaked and has since vanished from memory. Only labor: force. The village of Mclntyi:e, com- rhe Lycoming, which are so well known through the mountains, one spur going down rhe giant stone furnace remains to remind posed of typical miners' row houses, con- [o all sportsmen and which in their tilde Mill Creek to Hillsgrove. It also made con- us of the daysof iron mining in Lycoming sisted of close to 300 homes. and also a were involved in history of their own nections with Laquin, but I am not sure of rhe exactroute. Unlike Pine Creekwhere coup)ty.By proper preservation methods this store, church, school house, a public hall, Rock Run has long beenfamous to those ruin could be preserved, for it is truly a and the many service shops common [o who love good trout fishing and hate rattle- log drives were a common mode of getting giant and a memorable landmark of the villages of the times. Today a good road snakes.It ranks as one or the truly wild logs to the mill, Pleasant Scream had no region. In later years a so-called hermit (Mr has been reopened to che site. One can still regionsof the county.Here one can see need for splash dams. Lumbering was more Gruber) used the protectionof the huge see the outlines of foundations, abandoned sophisticatedand only finished lumber came wells, and similar evidenceof the town. A rhe forest in an almost primeval scare in a stone structure as a home. Some of the rocky setting unmatched anywhere except out of these hills by railroad of course. In people native [o the area still remember him, few apple trees,probably seeded from in the Great Smokies.It is one of the idyllic rhe 30's a CCC camp was located near Mas- and hou in the spirit of charity they often original stock, shill persist. Nearby is the grout streams of the East. and the surround- [en and the many groves of spruced near supplied him with f ood. On one such visit graveyard where risc some of the natives ing mountains are famous for deer, bear, there are living memorialsof those times the hennit's body was discovered where he now long forgotten. Long uncared for, only and turkey hunting. Just before crossing To bird lovers, these spruce groves attract died, and the ruins have been silent ever rhe obelisks ol tombstones with their humble rhe fii:st branch of Rock Run, you will see species not ordinarily found here and thus since. epitaphs paine upward through the mouses to your right a series of cairns, neat piles help make chat region an interesting place for nature lovers. A short distance above Ralston stands the and grasses where nature is moving in to of stones.that remind one of some weird ruins of another smelter at Carterville. Like reclaim its own. hlclntyi:e has its own per archaeologicalwonderland yec undeciphered. petual care. Gray's Run is another wild tributary of Astonville. it was built to use the Red Run Thus Weigle Reedleff his mark in the the Lycoming. Named after an early settler, world. ores. Like AstonvilJ:. it was less thitn a Across che Lycoming Valley che Mc- Timothy Gray, the stream thad bears his rousingsuccess. Built in 1854by a man intyre coal basin was extensively worked It is true many men have done greater name was a busy place during the lumber- named Carter, of Tamaqua, the furnace was for many years. Across the face of the deedsin this world than "Weig", buc few ing era. The town of Gray's Run was about not acruaJJy operated before Carter was mountain behind Ralston. on the site of the have left behind a more puzzling memorial. six miles upstreamwhere the very large killed while on a trip to Philadelphia. Sheshequintrail where chief Shikellemy al- Rolin Albers of Bodinestold me much of Proctor Mill was located. A spur of the rail- Twenty years later an attempt was made to most lost his life in March of 1737 while what I know of Weil, but that was enough road led upstream,the bed of which can operate the furrlace with anthracite coat in comparly with Weiser, a tramway was [o become thoroughly fascinated. Weig was still be followed. A switchback railroad was rather than with the local Red Run coal. built to haul coal from the mines.The coal at one time constable, but he seldom arrest- constructed here to make possible the haul- About 500 tons of the ore were processed and iron ore used at Astonville arid Car- ed anyone. He always managed to lec the ing of logs from the vast hinterlands and before the furnace was abandoned: and with tersville was hauled on this bed. Robert wi:ongdoerget away before anything so mountain reaches. As at Masten. in the de it Carterville, like Astonville, became a ghost and William Hutchinson of Montoursville. drastic as an arrest had to be made. Why pression a CCC catnp was located on Gray's down. Now the stack can still be seen a who lived for more chan 20 years at Red rhe rock monuments? As f ar back as can Run. the effects of which can still be seen short distance above Ralston on the left Run describedthe town to me as they be learned: it was the simplest way of dis- in the groves of evergreen trees they plant- knew it. Their father came there before ed across Lycoming Creek. posing of the many scones that had to be While imn production was something less 1895. This village, like Mcintyre, has pas- gathered up to clear land for a garden. It than a bellringer,coal mining was infi- sed from the scene,but in its time was was a rough way of clearing the backyard In our ramblings tonight we have had mere glimpses of the great variety of activity nitely more successful. It has continued an importantmining town. (Coal mining but then again he had lots of time. Weigle that has characterized the Lycoming through sporadically until fairly recent years when then ranked with lumbering as zl major in- was a great friend of all fishermen, and strip mining on Mcintyre mountain put dustry of the county.) The town consisted most of them found time to stop for a chat rhe years. From the war cry of the savages of about 60 houses. a school house. and a as they descendfor the kill to the shrill al] end to the more exposed veins. at his cabin.Many a tale is still told in the store. A long plane was constructed into Ralston area about Weil--a colorful char- whistle of the Climax and Shadlocomotives Two villages, long since abandoned, were Ralston on which cars of coal. six at a time. acter of the Rock Run scene of yesterday. of the lumberingdays, and now the roar once thriving mining towns as a result of were lowered to Ralston and the railroad. and rumble of huge tractor trailers, sounds this venture. The town of Mcintyre was The Hutchinsorl's described a spectacular Pleasant Stream joins the Lycoming at have always reflected man's mission in this built on top of Mcintyre Mountain soon accident when the cable snapped, releasing Marsh Hill. The drive up Pleasant Stream, wild valley.The tmveleron Route14 is after rhe mines opened in 1870. Jervis the loaded cars on the steep plane which though not so rough as Rock Run, ranks aware only of the pleasant scenery that still Langdon,u'hom we mentionedearlier in smashed into the engine house below, kil- with the most scenicof them all. Long captures the imagination of those who love connection with the Astonville project, real- ling Ogle man. The Ralston Coal Company famous as a trout stream, ic is also well things wild. He is unawareof what hasgone ly got mining underwayon a large com- gained control of the mines in 1912 and popu[ared with summer homes. ]n the latter on before, and only the preservation of its 26 THE JO.URNAL 27 folklore and its landmarks by those inter- forever wild--for in that state it can make COURTHOUSESOF LYCOMING COUNTY ested enough to care will prevent its thrill- its greatest contribution. There are precious packed history from f a]]ing into limbo few placesto turn u'here the fuss and clut- by Rik Hofmann A new generationmay not rememberor ter of civilization has not all but obscured care what has been so important to their the peaceful places of nature where man Lycoming County's first courtroom was After: another year, in 1797, the court elders.Like the deadthat sleepin Mcintyre can turn to regain his perspectiveof life a bar. Well, they called it a "public house moved again, to Russell Inn. The bench held Mountain there is no one left to mourn, and Lycoming is forever one of my favorite at the time. but the effect was the same. court behind the bar of RussellInn. at nature has come to reclaim its own. I hope Spots. East Third and Mulberry Street. Evidently the wild Lycoming will remain lust that- After haggling nine yearsabout carville rhe RussellInn had more to offer than the a new county from the vast Norchumber two previous courts. The judges stayed there land, the General Assembly finally passed for two years. a bill and Gov. Mifflin signed Lycoming 1976 BICENTENNIAL CELEBRATION County into existence April 13, 1795. The RussellInn was the first building erected in Williamsport. The double-log On April 14, MifHin gave John Kidd and The Lycoming County Historical Society, cation called "The Bicentennial Chronicle ' rwo-story building stood until 1871, when Samuel Wallis authority to administer the it was destroyed by fire. as the official source for the preservation which has been started in Harrisburg. Dr. oath to elected officers of the new county and dissemination of information on local S. K. Stevens,Director of the Historical He also madeKidd the county'sfii:st pro After the two yearsat RussellInn the history, has a definite responsibility for and Museum Commission, is Chairman of court moved again. Care [o guess?Rights irs Editorial Advisory Board. Another is a rhonotary, and the first clerk of quarter stimulating interest in this important year- sessions, and the first clerk of orphan's Another tavern. lc moved to the Rising long celebration. comprehensive research report called ''Re- Sun Inn. That was in 1799 sourcesTowards a Celebrationof the Ameri- court, AND the first clerk of over and rerminer. Kidd held a number of other ap We becameinvolved when Mr. Joseph J. can Experience '' prepared at the University The turn of the ' century seemed to do Kelley, Jr, Secretary of the Commonwealth pointed offices which are too numerousto something for the court's meandering.In of Pennsylvania. This i:esearch draft was re- enumerate here. The result was he held lust under Governor Shaffer, requested through 1800 the court moved to a small log build- quested by the Philadelphia 1976 Bicen- about every office there was to be had in Mr. George Stearns an opportunity to meet tennial Corporation. ing in the southwestcorner of whamis now with concerned citizens on the subject of rhe first months of Lycoming'shistory. ( He courthouse square. Only once more did the making plans for the Bicentennial. It is fairly obvious that, in addition to was also elected first county treasurer.) court move; that was four yearslater, and long-term planning by our museum,we On April 15, 1795,Gov. MiHin appoint- men only a few yards into the first per- Accordingly, a luncheon meeting was ar should get started on preparing suitable pub- manent court building. rangedon Wednesday,November 18, 1970 ]icacions and designating certain historic ed Sarmtel Wallis, William Hepburn, John at the Lycoming H.opel.Mr. Kelley was the sites to be featured in the 1976 celebration Adlum, and Dr. .namesDavidson first As- The history of the land on which the guest speaker. The luncheon was attended sociate judges. The inevitable Kidd swore building stood,and where the new court- The Society's Board of Governors has sug- Chemin. by forty-two people representing the heads gestedMi:. Paul G. Gilmore, Editor of the house stands, is somewhat unique. Accord- of various civic, historic, governmental, and Sun-Gazette. as Chairman of a Bicentennial ing to Deed Book A, page 540, on Oct. 12, cultural groups. lc was attended by two Publications Committee. All this brings us back to the original statement. Lycoming County's first court- L799, William Ross conveyed four lots to members of our Board of Trustees and ten rhe commissioners of I.ycoming County room was a bar. And che bar was in Jays- from our Board of Governors. To date he has selected the following The land was for "courthouse, gaol and to serveon his committee: Dr. E. P. Benin. burg. ofhces".What makesthe land transferso Mr. Kelley outlined the preliminary or- President, Muncy Historical Society; Mrs remarkable is that Ross sold the land for Kidd and the judges met in Jaysburg to ganization for the Bi-centennial which has Perry G- Russell, Genealogist; Mr. Thomas one cent. The lots included the area boun- its headquarters in Philadelphia. It is also T. Taber, author of various historical make some sort of order for the neophyte county. They began by making William ded by "William Street, Third Street, Tom being promoted by The Pennsylvania His- publications- toric and Museum Commission in Harris- Hepburn the first president of the court and Alley and Pine Alley burg. He touchedon someof the activities Dr. LosingB. Priest,Chairman of Thomas Caldwell's "public house" the tem- What madethe transactiona bit more in which have been started in other parts of the History Departmentat LycomingCol- porary county seat. reresting is that the commissionerspaid the state. Of particular interest is the esti- lege; Mrs. Edith K. Wright, Social Studies Ross for clearing the land. mate of 50 to 64 million tourists who are Teacherand Junior Historian Chapter Ad- Evidently the relationship between the expected to visit Philadelphia during 1976. visor; Miss Gladys Tozier, Museum Archi- court and Caldwell'sInn wasn't exactly a Feu facts are available concerning the romance. No historical reason is given, but We hope that many of these people: par vist, and Regent-elect of the Lycoming original courthouse.It is known that it cicularly those who have come some distan Chapter of the D. A. R rhe court moved after one year. was made of brick, scone, hair plaster, and ces will spread out through the state and cost $20,000 to build. It may also be noted visit our area. Suggestions from interested persons wil It moved to another . "public house. Chat five years of holding sessions in an be welcomedby this committeeztnd the The secondhome of Lycoming County lus- alcoholic atmosphere might have had an ef- We have two sourcesof preliminary in- Historical Society. rice was in a building owned by one Eleanor fect on the buildings construction. formation on how Lycoming County can Winter. History places the building some- start preparationsfor 1976, even at this where in the vicinity of West Fourth and Notations in court records include several early dade.One is a newspaper-typepubli- Rose Sueets= odd ones,such as: ''$6.00 Paid for 9 gallons 28 THE JOURNAL 29 of whiskeyat raisingcourthouse and of- In 1859 a former sheriff. D. S. Russel.won THE PIPE POTTERYOF WILLIAMSPORT, PA fices. rhe contract to build a new courthouse. by Mildred Velez Hardcastle The courthousehad a bell tower.A Samuel Sloan, of Philadelphia, designed it. From .Ffe Hrz fg//ei .rozif/?.zZ,April, 1968 figure" was placed on top of the tower as Work beganin ehespring of 1860.Ris a weathervane. The original bell didn't last sel kept up such a pace that oHiceswere long. It was considered, well, puny. The per- readyfor the March sessionin 1861.Until The oldest pottery in Lycoming County, year) 'William Sipe and his [wo sons, manent bell, weighing between 500 and rhe building was finished rhe court was Pennsylvania,was founded by William Sips Luther and Oscar, formed the Sipe & Sons 600 pounds,wzs brought to Williamsporc relegated to Doebler's Hall, below the post in 1865. He had learned the pottery business Pottery at 1028 West Fourth Streep,an area by Gen. John Burrows by horse and wagon oHice groin his father, Philip Sipe, who lived in charwas then only farms and woods. The bell and figure cost $440.20 York County, where William was born in At first they manufactured redware ex- The new building cost S41,030.As men iS26. At present mere is no information cloned above, the original bell and weather clusively, supplying the country over a Both pieces were replaced in the second available on the potting of his father, Philip hundred-mile radius since they wel:e the building, known to us as the old court vane took their proper places The William Sips family history is raked first in Lycoming County to make this popu- house.The bell, set in the original court- The building of 1861measured 116 feed lar product. Like so much of the early Penn house tower, and rhe figure, placed on top from the History of Lycoming County and long by 60 feedwide at the base.Projecting from information provided by the descend- sylvallia i:edward these pieces probably of the tower in 1804, can be seen today cornersstretched dimensions to 122 feet were not marked. on the western side of the new courthouse ants, Frank O., grandson of William, and by 66 feet. The first floor housed rooms William Boyd Sipe, It.: great grandson. Later they added storleware which is mark- building. for all countyoHicers and a chamberfor The sons of William were Luther R.. ed "SIPE & SONS.WMSPORT. PA." on But I digress. che president of the court. The second floor born in York County in 1854 who married rhe examplesknown. They made spittoons, containedthe main courtroom,with a high all sized jugs, floral vases,ice water cracks Maria Wolston of Philadelphia and had All went well with tl;e courts until 1850. ornate ceiling; a room for the U. S. Circuit three children: Mabel. Louise and Reba; in hve-gallon size with a place at the bottom At that time certainrumblings were heard court; jury rooms; and rooms for institutes and Oscar W. also born in York Count in for a wooden spigot, milk crooks. Some in the valley concerningthe need for a new held by city teachers. vases three feet high were made for use 1857, who married Martha Hagenbaugh on mantels: .clocks were made with hand- courthouse. It was said thad the building That building stood for more than 100 and had two sons: Lewis H. and William was too small and should be tOFn down to Boyd. Oscar's first u'ife died and he later les on the side and had floral designs years. History repeated itself in the 1960's, The pottery wheels,three in the begin- make room for a blewone. The plan was but progress won again. married Mollie Lilley of Black Hole Val- met with strong opposition. Since history ley or Munch Station, Pa. They had four ning, were operated by a horse and were on repeateditself recently,I won't bother with The history of Lycoming County's courts, children, one being Frank O., now living the ground floor, u,hile the hired girls on a drawn-out discussion of what transpired from i:ouch-hewn pine bar rooms to the in Williamsporr. The eldest son of William the floor above formed the pottery and in the 1850's. present modern f acilicy, continues. painted the design before it was placed in Boyd Sipe, named after him, is William the kilns. The wares were at first all market- Boyd Sipe, Jr., now living in Montoursville, lust a few miles from Williamsport. ed by horse-drawn wagons over the hundred- Both Mr. Frank O. and Mr. William mile area. Mr. Frank O. Sipe remembers stories his famer, Oscar, told of making Boyd Sipe, Jr., have been very helpful in these deliveries, especially over a plank road providing information. They report that TIME CAPSULE FOR NEW COURTHOUSE [o Larry's Creek they each have some of the pottery, but thad Later William Sipe had the railroad put they know of no catalogsor record of the firm. a sidingin to makeshipments by rail. As A comtnittee,headed by Dr. Loring Priest The subjects covered will include the rhe pottery business diminished, they be- from the Board of Governors. has been 1895 Centennial Celebration, dedication of When William Sips movedto Willims- came extensive dealers in terra cotta and working with the County Commissionersto Ehenew courthouse,the two previous court- porc in 1865:. he joined with a Ntr. Nichols sewer pipe select and acquire material to place in a houses, county prison, Lysock View, pre- in scarringa pottery in the 500 block on Ease Most of the clay was of local origin, al- hermetically sealed stainless steel box which sent and projected highways.housing and I'hard St. They later moved to a site be- though Mr. William B. Sipe, Jr., reports will be built into the ''cornerstone" of the IndustJ'ialPark; county budget, industrial tween Pine and Market Streets,south of the that the firm went out of businessin the new courthouse. Various documents. lists. and agricultural statistics;educational, re- PennsylvaniaRailroad tracks, which later early 1900'sbecause the placefrom which pictures, sJ-mbols, maps, brochures, and ligious, and recreational f acilities; design became the Market Street Station. and is they bought their material in New York writings will depict some of Lycoming for county flag; new judicial districtsl coun- now a parking lot. (The 1875-6 Williams- Stateran out of it and they were unable to Countyshistory and many phasesof pre- ty o6cials and their functions; Little League port City Direccoi:ygives this location as find another source sent-day life in this area. Emphasis will be Baseball; communications media, transporta- meir address.)Not muchis knownabout An advertisement in the Williamsport placed on the political life of Lycoming tion, flood experience, library and museum mis earliest pottery except trac at lease some Directory for 1891 showsthan the major County and the new building itself facilities. of the pieces were marked, as the writer part of the business must have been sewer has a narrow-based stoneware jug marked pipe and land drain tile, but there is men- PIPE. NICHOLS & CO." This firm was tion of a full line of stoneware.The last disbanded in about two years, and in 1887 listing for Sips & Sons in rhe Directory was (according to rhe City Directory of that in 1893 30 THE JO.UREAL 31

RACHEL SI LVERTHORN the ranks."This very night the wily varmits had time to recover from their astonish- may creepup and when the first gleam of ment and chagrin was flying with the speed From Scones of West Branch Valley light shines over Muncy Hills the scalping of the wind toward the nearestcabin on the knife and tomahawk will again be flourish- creek. by Katharine W. Bennet ed over their defenseless heads." "Who. thundered the grief-stricken Brady, ''will go Her path led over the land now occupied on this errand of mercy?' by Hughesville and a shore distance on the Many heroic women feature the frontier round the Had:is cabin, chargedinto the road to Picture Rocks. Her timely warning life of the state. but none excel in sheer reapers and the gallant Captain James 1, Captain, I will tell them of their dang- was heeded. for under the cover of the dark bravery Rachel Silverthorn, of the Were Brady was shot, wounded with a spear, and er," said a gentle voice on his right," I know night that followed every exposed settler Branch. Mollie Pitcher operated a cannon comahawked. With the exception of old the trails full well: I can make the circuit was safely housedin the fort. As for the at the battle of Nlonmouth,in place of her John Van Ness, the cook, the soldiers and of the Gortners, John Alwood, the Shaners braveRachel, her return from the perilous wourlded husband, and Margaret Corbin, reapersfled. The old man cared for the David Aspen and the Robbs." And suiting mission was made as the captain predicted, another Pennsylvanian,filled the place of wounded captain until he could be moved the action to the word. Rachel Silverthorn before the last rays of the sun vanished be- her husbandwho had beenkilled at the by canoe [o Northumberland where his sprang to the saddle and before the soldiers hind the Bald Eagle. siege of Fort Washington. Buc Rachel Sil- mother had gone for safety, and there he verthorn emulated Paul Revere. who rode died five days later. [o save the army supplies at Lexington, and The harvestingparty that had fled so ig- Caesar Rodney who rode to save the Dec- Reprint from .rHE IP'ELI,SBORO ,4G/7'.47'0R, April, 1890 nominiously at the first approach of danger laration of Independence. Rachel's ride was reachedFore Muncy about 5 o'clock in the to save her unsuspecting neighbors who liv- T'WO STU RDY P ION EERS ed along the half beaten trail thad followed afternoon and reported the disasteroushap- Munch Creek. pening. It was no ordinary marauding party, How Melt Hewednantes Ow} ot tbe Wildernessit tbe EarleDa)s ot TiogaCo &l t) they reported. It was thought that the great The Silverthorns were early settled:s in Chief Bald Eagle u'as at the head of the To the Editor of the .4G/7'Z7'0R Muncy township. Even after Indian troubles band. Probably a second incursion of the depopularedthe valleyduring the Big valley, such as had caused the Big Runa- and a good showing of younger cows and Runaway ( 1778) this pioneer family made way of a few weeks before, was imminent. Nauvoo, Aprilb 17, 1890.--The late an early return, erected a temporary shelter Frederick Hyler, notice of whose death was cattle. This is the history of the Hylei: fam- on the charred remains of their log cabin Captain John Brady, father of the un- published a short time ago, came from the ily in Liberty township up to 1840. fortunate young captain. was at the fort. Hle Kingdom of Winemberg in 1820, and final- and made an effort to harvest their ripening had been sent home from the Continental In that year FrederickHyper and John grain fields. ly settled in Liberty township in 1824. Here ac the age of nine years he assisted his Linck boughs 160 acres of land near Nau- army by General Washington for the pur- voo, in Morris township. They each paid Simultaneously with che return of the pose of helping Colonel Hartley project the father in making their first clearing on frontier. Brave soldier that he was. he con Brier Hill. From this time foi:ward to the $150, which scraped the bottom of their first hardy settlers,troops were sent to the combined purses. Here again these two valley for their protection and the rebuild- trolled his own anxiety and grief and years of his early manhood,young Hyler sturdy pioneers commenced a new clear- ing of Fort Muncy. But a detachmentfrom thought of rhe safety of other harvesting went about the burning log-heapsfmm bands that had gone from the fort that Spring until Fall barefooted; and if he ing in the Spring, and in the Fall they sowed the Continental army could not protect the seven bushels of wheat and rye. All che work isolated plantations from the skulking foe morning. He had the call to arms sounded happened [o step into the fire, he quickly that lurked in the darkened recessesof the jumped out again. The cows browsed far was done by hand except three days drag- and the little garrison was mustered on the ging with a borrowed team of oxen. Here forest. As soon as the fort was under roof. parade ground in franc of rhe fort. into the unbroken forest, and the barefooced they were in the wilderness with no neigh- the pioneer families were housed in the boy had to hunt them up over stonesand bors, no road, no money, no cook, and noth- stronghold while the men went forward In a few hurried sentencesthe events of patches of stinging nettles. every day under the protection of troops to the morning were told and the inevitable ing [o cook but potatoes which they had raised themselves, having planted the seed save if possible their much needed harvest. fate of the other harvesting parties that had For four years the Hylers had no team gone up Muncy Creek would likely be the They did all of their clearingat first by in the yet unclearedland of their new The Silverchornswere in the fore on sameif not notifiedat once.The favorite hand and put all their grain in the ground home. with the hoe. Fred and his oldest sister had that foggy eighth of August when the party horse of the captain was saddled and In the Fall of 1840 Mr. Hyper was married to hoe in all the grain, and they raised larger of fourteen cradlers and reapers under an bmught to che front and the questionask- [o Miss Mary F. Linck, sister of John Linck escort of militia and Continental soldiers ed, "Who will volunteer to carry rhe news crops than most farmers do nowadays in The brothers-in-law continued in partner- left beforedaybreak for the rye field of of danger to our friends?" No one stepped mis neighborhood with horses and improv- ship until 1843; and then, having made two that "unhappy man, Peter Smith", at Loyal- forward. "Take my horse, she is the fastest ed machinery. They carried their sheaves home plots, they divided the properly one sock,now a portion of the Harris farm bor- in the country and can outrun any Indian together, stacked them, and threshed them out of doors on a small floor made of hew- morning before breakfastby drawing cuts. dering the Williamsport - Montoursville pony; you can notify the remotestsettler Mr. Hyler receiving for his portion the ori- ed plank. Their lirsr live stock consistedof road. Before rhe sun penetratedche fog a and she will have you back befoi:e the sun gina[ c]earing and ]og house marauding party, that had been lying con- hides behind the Bald Eagle. But none of one cow. The posterity of this cow in due cealedin a clump of treesthat todaysur- the terror-stricken soldiers stepped from time furnished them with a team of oxen About six months after Mr. Hyler was 32 THE JOURNAL 33

married, Mr. John Linck married Catharine Frederick Hyler was one of naturc's noble- rhe Infantry passedit on the right, the bat vance.Fmm the observationpost in a gravel Hyler, Frederick's sister, and the [wo fami- man. Kind, generous, slow co anger, with- teri following, thus leaving the Germans pit could be seenthe Germansas they lies lived in the log house, measuring 18 out an enemyin the u'odd,he laid down in possession of this important bulwark emerged from their dugouts. They were alarmed and bewildered. They had not by 20, for three years.At the end of this his burdenat the ripe ageof seventyfive 'On October7 the battery,at a range of time they had two childreneach. They years, surrounded by his family and scores thought that American artillery would dare only 1,300 yards, and firing to the rear Chenerected a house of about the same size of sympachizing friends. Edwardthe leff Hank,maintained a fire ol advanceso far; they did not know at first for the use of Mr. Linck on his lot. and he u,here the fire was coming from. Those who movedover to his own farm. such intensity and duration that the enemy survived could be seen scurrying back in EoITOR's NOTE: This article was contri- was obliged to abandon the defense of Le retread. Mr. Hyler contirlued to clear land and buted by Mr. Francis Maneval. He with Chene Tondu, allowing the infantry to acquireproperty until he becameone of somehelp, dismantledthis 1840 cabin and straighten irs lines and continue the ad- rhe successfulfarmers of the valley.He brought it into the Museum for future use raised a large family of worthy children. in an exhibit. WH EN N EWBERRY BU RN ED BATTERY''D '', 191 4 TO 191 9 From Stories of West Branch Valley By Katharine W. Bennett When rhe Skatemet the requirementsof Battery D lost one man killed in action: rhe W'ar Department in organizing more Private Raymond J. Kenney, and one oH- artillery and cavalry, ic was done by break- cer. Lieutenant Garrett Cochran. who died Betsy Reynolds was troubled as she pad- now occupied by Calvary Methodist Episco ing up Infantry Regiments and transferring from diseaseon shipboardon his wayhome ded around her log cabin in Newberry on a pal Church. them to the Artillery and Cavan:y arms, the to rejoin his battery which had not yer sail- bright May morningin 1816.This was her three old batteries being the nucleus for the ed day for baking ginger cakes;and the entire At home Mollie felt quine proud of being leff in charge of the baking. She heated the First Pennsylvania Field Artillery. Com- village which strangled along Arch Streep panies B and I of the Twelfth Inf entry were It sailed for home May 1, 1919 and land- knew that later in the day two dozenof this huge bake oven in the backyard with red by General Order No. 19, A. G. O., June ed in New York May 9. It was mustered delectable confection could be purchased hot coals,and after this was pi:operlydone out of United Stages service May 16, 1919 8, 1914, combined into one battery and for five cents Ol: its equivalent. withdrew the coals and put in the cakes. given the designationof Battery D, First at Camp Dix. When they had baked to a rich, russet The pioneer housewiveswere noc given brown, she took them out and Bally swab- Pennsylvania Field Artillery with Clarence The 53rd Artillery Brigade, of which L. Kiess, captain; John D. Andrews, first [o buying food sLuRs but they made an bed the oven with an old splint broom. the 107th Field Artillery was a parr, was exception in the case of Betsy's cakes. She Then she stood the broom againstthe barn lieutenant: and Norman R. Hill. second the only American artillery to fight in Bel- lieutenant. was f amous throughout the little community and departed for the house with her bak- gium. for her skill in this especialline, and being ing. No doubt she gave a sigh of relief at When the call cainefor troopson the LieutenantWalter P. King, in his history thrifty turned it to good account. rhe thought that her arduoustask was done Mexican border. it was mustered into Shewas blissfully unaware that in the depths United Statesservice, July 5, 1916,with of the 107th Field Artillery,. which was On this day a funeral was being held in of the broom was smolderinga red hot coal edited by Lt. Co]. Albert V. Crookston be rhe village and Betsy well knew it would William B. Reilly, captain; Garrett Coch- fore being published, says of Battery DD Chatwould soon ignite both the broom and ran, first ]ieutenanr; .John H. Ball, second be attended by every f emily in the little set- barn againstwhich it stood. lieutenant.It left that nightfor theMexi- (in writing of the engagement in October, tlement and the surrounding countryside. can border, arriving at EI Paso,Texas, July 1918): ''Battery D was the furtherest ad- A funeral was regardednot only as an Down at the cen)etery the mourners no- ll. It remained on the border until Novem- vancedof any unit of the 107th Field Ar- opportunity for an expression of neighbor- ticed a thin spiral smoke ascending from ber 14 when it left EI Paso for Williams tillery, being designatedas the accompany- ly sympathy, but it also implied eating and rhe direction of Newberry. The smoke in port, arriving November20, and being ing battery in close support of the Infantry. drinking and social intercourse. Betsy did creased in volume, then suddenly a tongue mustered out of United States service By October it had reached Ehevery edge of not want to miss this entertainment. but of flame pierced the sky. The funeral party December 1 the town of Apremont and its guns were was too frugal to postpone baking her cakes. rushed pell-nell in the direction of the placed on the crest of a precipitous hill Finally she decided to mix her batch of little town. each settler anxious for the The regiment was again inusrered into near the town. To grasp the importance of cookiesand leave the baking in charge of safetyof his own primitive home with its United States service and mobilized at Camp che work accomplishedby Battery D on her half-grown daughter, Mollie. crude but precious furnishings. Hancock, Augusta, Georgia, July 15, 1917, October 7 it is necessary to bear in mind where its designation was changed [o 107th the position of Apremont was in advance In due time, Betsy, attired in her best It was a windy day, and by the time raiment, joined the large concourse of rhe settlers reached the place every house on Field Artillery. It sailed on May 18, 1918, of the hill called by the French Le Chene friends who assembledin the cabin of their and reached Havre, France, on Tune 3, Tondu, or as it is recorded in military his- rhe one streetof the village was in flames 1918,via Liverpool and Souchampcon.It tory,Hill 245.This hill washeld by the departed neighbor. After they listened to including the old log church of the Presby- Germans. Then natural defenses of this hill a severa] hours' discourse by the local preach- terians. .john Crothers chanced to think of served in France and Belgium until the rhe Bible in which were recorded the births armistice, Battery D serving with disrinc or ridge were so strong char it had been er they proceeded [o che old graveyard down don in all engagements with the 107th. found impossible to dislodge the enemy and at the present Fourth and Cemetery Streets, and marriages of the community, and rushed

l 34 THE JOURNAL 35

amid the falling embers and secured it. Every with the long discourse,found welcomeob- THE LAST OF THE PASSENGER PIGEONS building in the village was soon reducedto livion in sleep. ashes with the exception of the Hartman A Wildlife I' aged' A and Mcbride homes which were isolated After this church burned the congrega- On Dec. 3, 1918, Mr. Charles H. Eldon from the others. tion mec in a grove on Lycoming Creek bird and was surprisedwhen informed untila new churchcould be built. The new wrote a letter to Col Shoemaker.and added it was a wild pigeon--he having never The old church which burned was foi: seen one before or since. Imounted the structure was of stone, of sixty by sixty-six rhe following postscript: many years the only house of worship feet, with high boxedpulpit and high, bird promptly upon its receipt, for Mr. within a radius of fif ty miles. It was built straight-backed pews. According to tradi- As to the PassengerPigeon now in my DeLoss Mahaffey, who left it in my care about 1795, or earlier, and in it worship- tion it was a cold. uncomfortable. forbid- collection this bird was shot October 5. A few yeah:sago, I purchased the bird ped such early pioneers as Judge Hepburn, ding place, doubtless a fitting background 1890, by Mr. JasperH. Finches,two from Mr. Mahaffey. Iregard the bii:d as William and Andrew Culbercson, James for the austereconvictions of the old blue miles north of the town of Linden.Pa.. one of my choice possessions.' (Fmm Cummings,and John McMeen. It was a stockings who worshipped there. in a woods through which the Quene lbe Passenger Pigeon in Penltsylvania quaint structure, stood on the bank of the shaque Creek flows. Nlr. Fincher and a by John C. FrenchP. 222) run, had galleriesat each end which were Newbeny was rebuilt, this time along company of friends were picnicing there, reachedby flights of rough stairs from several streets. History does noc record whenhe sawa bird fly up from the This is the passengerpigeon on display the outside. Its pulpit was of the high Eng- what happened to Betsy Reynolds. It is quite groundand light on a tree.He shot the In ouJ: museum. lish, or wine-glass type, with a sounding likely that she,too, rebuilt her cabin and board suspended over it, the lower surface continued her business in ginger cakes. Her of which was decorated with a huge star. daughterMollie grew up in the village, and There was no heating apparatus in the marrieda Mr. Ellis.She lived for a time V building -- neither chimney, fireplace,nor in Jaysburg,but when Mr. Dodge, a New stove. Its pews were of the old-fashioned York capitalise, purchased properly on high box type, in which many a pioneer which to erect his mills she sold out and In the past on Christmas Eve Phila- Beelzebub. The latter entered the house. child, benumbed with cold and weaned moved elsewhere. delphians went from house to house pre- like his Englishantecedent, with a stir sentinga short play which was a survival rhyme: of the British tradition of mumming -- the folk plays known in Elizabethan times. :Here comes 1, old Beelzebub The old English play of St. George and the On my shoulder I carry a club, Dragon) was still performed in Philadelphia about 1830, though St. George had be- In my hand a dripping pan. ORIGIN OF THE NAME ''NIPPENOSE'' come George Washington and the dragon Don't you think I'm a jolly old man? AN OLD TRADITION

Antes Creek takes its name from currence it is alleged, the Indians in speak- Colonel Hlenry Antes, one of the earlier ing of rhe place afterwards always (balled WHAT IS A "HERDIC"? A "herdic' settlers, who built a stockade--fort near it ''Nip Nose". Whether this is true or not the mouth of the stream in 1776 As for cannot be determined with accuracy, buc is a small horse-drawn vehicle having two or four wheels, side seats, and an entrance the name "Nippenose '', there is a conflict it must be concededthat the transition is a as to its origin. Some of the early settlers suggestive one at least, and is as entitled to at the back. It was invented by Peter Herdic (1824-1888) , an American carriage-maker. claim that an old Indian named Nippenucy belief, perhaps, as many others. In the course once dwelt in the valley, from whom the of time, ''Nip Nose '' gradually drifted into present name is derived. the title of Nippenose. Whether it came from old Nippenucyhimself, or the fact V Thereis a traditionalso that an Indian that Jack Frost nipped the end of an in- wrapper once located himself near the mouth dians nose while the old redskin nas snooz- of the creek one winter; and having se- ing away under the effects of an overdose ANSI/ERS TO QUESTIONSON PAGE 18 cured a jug of whiskey one cold day, im- of ''fire wager", matters little at the present 1. Affv Dumntwas the first child born at the ization of the county. His sloop stood on the bibed large quantities.Lying down in a day, and we accept the tradition. old RussellInn. south side of Third Street, near Academy. His state of stupor, he froze his nose so badly son. Peter. carried on the businessat the char a poi:tian of it came off. From this oc CarltonE. Fink, Sr. 2. In Watson Tou,nship. E. H. Russell, Prop. same p[ace a:fter ]lis father's death 3. In 1806,by action of tile General Assembly 5. He naade and sold saddles, harness. trunks. valises, traveling bags, horse blankets, fly 4. The first blacksmith in the borough was Peter nets, whips. luis residence and sales room was Vanderbelt, of N.Y., who served the pioneei's at 39E. 3rd St. with xx'orkin this line previousto the organ-

l 36 THE JOURNAL 37

INDEX OF JOURNALARTICLES PUBLISHED FROM AR]'lyLE Vo!%vne FLOODOF JUNE 1, 1889 Vo1. 2 No. 7 I QqK Trl I QKQ FORECASTOF THE NEW MUSEUMby J. W. Stmwbridgelll Vo1..5: No. l FORT AUGUSTA by Dr. Lewis E. Theiss Vol. I No. 7 ARTICLE FOUNI)---A LOSTSCHooL by Della G. Dodson Vol. I No. 4 FOUNDING AND EARLY LIFE OF RALSTON Vol. I No. 8 AIMED AT AMERICA. THE BRITISH BROAD ARROW Vol. I No. 9 Vo1. 2 No. 5 FREEDOM ROAD by Ralph L. Lesser WOUNDED ENGLAND by Dr. Lewis Theism Vo1.2 No. 4 APPLEBUTTER MAKING IN EARLY DAYS AT GREAT RUNAWAY OF 1778by Helen H. Russell Vol. I No. 9 BLOOMING GROVE by Susanlleim Little Vol. I No. 9 JosEpH GROSS,MY PIONEER ANCESTOR, by SusanH. Little Vo1 2 No. 3 ARRIVAL OF THE FIRST CANAL BOAT IN WILLIAMSPORT Vol. I No. 9 HANGINGS IN LYCOMING COUNTY by CharlesF. Greevy GO'l'TLIEB HEIM. GRANDFATHER AT THE LOYALSOCK ART EXHIBITS (SPRING OF 1969) Vo1. 6. No. l by Elmo Heim Larimore Vo1. 6. No. l Vol. 1, No. 9 LIFE OF JOHN BARTRAM by Richard L. Mix LIFE AND TIMES OF WILLIAM HEPBURN Vo1. 6, No. 1 Vo1. 4. No. l BEAUTY'S RUN by Carlton E. Fink, Sr. HISTORY FAIR FEBR.9, t969 Vo1 6, No. 1 Vo1. 2. No. 8 BEULAHLAND by Clark B. Kahler Vol. 1, No. 5 Vo1. 2 No. 3 HISTORY IS WHERE YOU FIND IT by Dr. L. E. Theirs JAMES M. BLACK by Mary Landon Russell HllSTORY OF CHARLES SMITH FARM by Rosemai:yUliner Vo1. 2, No. 1 Vol. I No. 9 BLACK MARBLE FIREPLACES by Henry W. Shoemaker HISTORY OF MONTOURSVILLE by ElizabethC. King Vo1. 4, No. ] BLOOMING GROVE by JosephH. Mcminn Vo1. 4. No. l Vol. ) No. l HISTORY OF OTSTONWAKIN FARM by Mabel E. Eck Vo1 2, No. 2 and 2 3, 4 and 5 Vol. No. l HOW WE ESCAPEFROM BEHIND THE IRON CURTAIN SKETCH OF THE LIFE OF GEN JOHN BURROWS by BenjaminHii:sh Vo1.2, No. 4 by Gen. John Burrows Vol l No. 2 JUNIOR HISTORIANS AID IN PRESERVATIONOF NEWMAN SCHOOL Vo1. 2, No. 6 CARE OF OLD PAINTINGS by Dr. H. B. Mussina Vol l No. 8 CASCADE TOWNSHIP 1876 by H. Carlton Fink Vo1. 5 Nc. I LARRYS CREEK PLANK ROAD by Milton W. Landis Vo1. 4, No. 1 CHRISTMAS IN OLD BLOOMING GROVE by SusanHeim Little Vol. I, No. 9 LETTER OF HARRY BINGHAM TO HIS SISTER MARGARET by GeorgeD. Wolfe Vol. 1, No. 4 CIVIL WAR LETTERS by John J. Shaffer Vo1. 2, No. 5 LETTER OF YESTERYEARby Mary MI. Taylor Vol. 4, No. l CLOSERLook AT THE COLLECTIONSby John W. Stmwbridge111 Vo1. 6, No. 1 Vol. 2, No. 9 COMMENTSON AN ANONYMOUS DIARY 1868 LETTER TO THE ''OLD TIMER" by A. A. Culbercson Vol. 2, No. l by MichaelM. Wargo Vol. I, No. 4 LIFE IN A SMALL TOWN by Mrs. J. WesleyLittle Vol. 3 No. l COURT HOUSE SITE AND MICHAEL ROSS Vo1. 2: No. 3 LINCOLN AND PENNSYLVANIA by Franklin L. Kury Vol. No. 10 ROBERT COVENHOVEN by Carlton E. Fink Vo1. 4, No. l LITTLE FAMILY, LETTER RE: by SusanH. Little 1, Vol. No. l CRIMEON THE CANAL by Dr. LewisE. Theirs Vol. I, N'o. l JOHN WESLEY LITTLE by Mrs. John Little 1, No. 6 CULBERTSONPATH by CarltonE. Fink Vo1.2: No. 7 LIT"l'LE RED SCHooL HOUSE by Kathy Hagen Vol. 2, Vol. 5, No. l DOCTORS ON HORSEBACK AND IN GIGS by Katherine Bennett Vol. I No. 6 LOCAL HISTORY AS A HOBBY by Rev. C. F. Berkheimer Vol. No. DON'T RUIN THAT PAINTING by H. B. Mussina Vol I No. 9 LOYALSOCKAREA OLDT]MER'SMEETING by L. R. Luna 2. 9 No. EARLYH.ISTORY OF THE LOYALSOCKby Dr. L. E. Wurster Vo1.2 No. 8 LUMBERING DAYS by Clark Kahler Vol. 2, 3 and 9 LUMBERING RAFTING ON BIG PINE CREEKby J. S. Beck Vol. 1, No. 6 EARLY LUMBERING IN COGAN HOUSE TOWNSHIP DUDLEY ALLEN MARTIN, CENTRALPENNS'YLVANIA'S by Milton Landis Vol. I No. 5 FIRST ARCHAEOLOGIST by Henry W. Shoemaker Vol. 1, No. 6 Vo12 EARLY PRESBYTERIANS by Rev. Robert Cox No. 9 MEMORIES by Margaret Parke Schultz Vol. 1, No. 2 EDUCATION IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY MEMORIES OF MY BOYHOOD DAYS ON THE FARM by John A. Eckert Vol. I No. 2 by Dr. L. E. Wui:seer Vol. 1, No. 2 MEMORIESOF WILDLIFE ON YOUNG WOMAN'S CREEK EIGHT-SQUARE SCHOOLHOUSE Vo1. 2 No. 7 by Henry W. Shoemaker Vol. 1, No. 4 FAIRY BASKET by Clair Robbins Vol. I No. 5 FIRSTAND ONLY STEAMBOATTRIP TO WILLIAMSPORT MONTOURS Vo1. 5, No. 1 EARLY MONTOURSVILLE HISTORY by E. Rubendall Vo1. 2, N'o. I by John B. Coryell Vol. I No. 9 Vo1. 2, No. 7 FISHING EXPERIENCES by N. H. Myers Vol. I No. 2 HISTORY OF MONTOURSVILLE 38 THE JOURNAL 39

AiZTICLE Votwme ARTICLE Vo1. 2. No. 5 MORAVIANS IN PENNSYLVANIA by C. L. Youngman,M.D. Vo1. 2 No. l SUSQUEHANNA Boom by Gibson Antes and 2 THIS IS OUR VALLEY--FARM SAGA by M. Elizabeth Ramsey Vo1. 2 No. 1 TIADAGHTON ELM CEREMONY JULY 4, 1964 Vo1. 2. No. 9 MURDER by Spencer Hlill 111 Vo1. 2, No. l Vo1. 2. Nn £ NEWMAN SCHooL by James Bressler Vo1. 2, No. 6 TOMLINSON FAMILY by C. A. Tomlinson No. 7 TO THE WEST FOR GOLD NOTES OF AN 1849 JOURNEY ANNIE OAKLEY'S LAST SHOT by Col. Henry W. Shoemaker Vol. I, Vo1. 3. No. 1 No. 3 TO CALIFORNIA by William Chamberlain OCEAN VOYAGE OF THE KIESS FAMILY (a diary) Vol. l: UNVEILING CEREMONY AT LITTLE RED SCHOOLHOUSE No. OLD FRANKLIN BUILDING SCHooL BELL by Arthur PeppermanVo1. 2, 5 MUSEUM Vo1. 2 No. 6 No. 2 C)LD TANNERY WHISTLE by Milton Landis Vol. I UNHEALTHIYSPRING BEDS by William1:1. Sivirer Vo1. 6. No. 1 OLDESTCHURCH IN LYCOMING COUNTY by BeckyKane Vo1. 2, No. 8 Vol. I N'o. lO and UNHONORED HERO by Clark B. Kahler 9 Vo1 5 No. 2 2 No. VILLAGE BLACKSMITH by F. L. Guernsey ONE Room SCHooL by ClarenceM. Mcconnell Vol 5 WATER W'ONDERWAY: A HISTORY OF THE OUR COUNTY'S EDUCATIONAL HERITAGE Vol 2 No. 7 PENNSYLVANIA CANAL by James C. Humes Vo1. 2 No. 8 OUR LACK OF CIVIC PRIDE IN PENNSYLVANIA ESPECIALLY CONRAD WEINER'STRIP UP THE LOYALSOCK by Clark Kahler Vo1. 2 No. 5 IN LYCOMING COUNTY AND THE susQUEnANNA Vol. I No. 8 VALLEYby W. B. Emery Vo1.2, No. 6 WHAT LUMBERING MEANT TO THE U.S.A. by Dr. L. E. Theirs N'o. l WHAT SALT MEANT TO THE EARLY PIONEERS C)UT OF THE PAST by Carol Ann Walker Vo1. 2, Vo1.2 No. 2 No. 4 by Dr. L E. Theism PAGES OF DIRT by James P. Bressler Vol. I WHAT THE FOREST MEANT TO THE PIONEERS No. l p.ANTLERSOF THE LOYALSOCKby Henry W. Shoemaker Vol. I, by Dr. L. E. Theism Vol. I No. 6 No. PENNSYLVANIA COLONY IN NEBRASKA by Edna Ulmer Vol. I, 9 WHEN LUMBER IN THE EAST WAS KING (a poem) No. 2 PILGRIMAGE -- SUMMER, 1960 (LCHS TOUR) Vo1. 2, by Harry A. Fischler Vol. I, No. 3 PRESIDENTSWHO HAVE VISITED WILLIAMSPORT AND WILDCAT IN DUBOISTOWN by James Myers Vol. I, No. 3 No. l THE SURROUNDING AREA by LouiseNicholson Vo1. 4, WILLIAMSON ROAD by CharlesG. Webb Vol. I No. 10 No. 9 QUILTING PARTIESby SusanHeim Licrle Vol. I, WILLIAMSPORT. APRIL IO, 1865 Vo1. 2, No. l No. 9 'RECENT"FOR WASHDAY by Rev. RaymondShaheen Vo1.2, CITY OF WILLIAMSPORT (about 1880) Vo1. 2, No. 3 No. l RECOLLECTIONS OF A Boom RAT by Jatnes Myers Vol. I, DATA ON WILLIAM WINTER by J. K. Winter Vo1. 2. N'o. 9 No. l REMINISCENCES OF W. H. SANDERSON Vo1. 5, WRECK OF THE FAST FREIGHT NO. 83 by Carlton E. Fink, Sr. Vo1. 2 No. 9 REMINISCENCES ON HIS EARLY EXPERIENCES AT THE LLOYD E. WURSTER, M. D. IN MEMORIAM No. 2 WILLIAMSPORTHOSPITAL by Dr. A. F. Hards Vol. I, by Berton E. Beck, D.D.S. Vo1.4 No. 1 RENO POST 64, G.A.R., WILLIAMSPORT, PA. by John L. Hunsinger Vol.I, No. 7 HISTORY OF RENO POSTNO. 64 by FrankJ. Burrows Vo1. 2, No. 6 RENO POST.ON ENTERING THE OLD G.A.R. HALL by Robert S. UJi:ich Vol. I, N'o 7 (Thereis a goodnumber of old Journalsavailable, except Vol. 1, No. 1, at a cost DR. ELLA RITTER WOAIAN M.D. AIDED FOLKSBEYOND THE CALL OF DUTY by Delbert R. Gardner Vo1.6, No. l of 50c each.) JAKE RUBICAM'SFLYING HORSESby HenryW. Shoemaker:Vol. I, No. 8 SAND HILL CEMETERYby Clara Robbins Vol. I, No. 8 SINAI (A POEM) by Jay Harris Vo1. 2, No. 6 SLIDING LOGS IN THE OLD LUMBERING ERA by M. W. Landis Vo1. 5, N'o. 2 SOME THINGS FROM TH.E PAST by Carlton E. Fink Vo1. 2, No. 8 SOME WILLIAMSPORT STREET NAMES by Carlton E. Fink, Sr. Vo1. 3 No SONGAND VERSEOF LYCOMING COUNTY AND NEARBY AREAS by ElizabethHall Vo1. 3, No. l STORY OF THE BLOCKHOUSEby Berton E. Beck Vo1. 2, No. 2 STREETCAR PARTIESby KatherineS. Coleman Vol. I No 3 STUMP PULLING IN COGAN HOUSE TOWNSHIP 1890-1930 by Berton E. Beck, D.D.S. Vo1. 2 No. 6 40 THE JOURNAL

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VOLUME Vll WINTER-SPRING NUMBER ONE 1970-1971