DOCSLIB.ORG

Of the Roman Empire

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Of the Roman Empire EDITIONLAUSANNE Limited to one tbousand registered sets N0.4'7 THE DECLINEAND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE VOL. I1 THE HISTORY OF THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE BY EDWARD GIBBON EDITED BY J. B. BURY, M.A. WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY THE RT. HON. W. E. H. LECKY VOL. I1 NEW YORK FRED DE FAU & COMPANY PUBLISHERS COPYRIGHT,I+, FRED DE FAU & COMPANY. CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME PACE... LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS......... xu1 CHAPTER X The Emperors Decks. Gallus. Amilianus. Valerian. and Galliersur - The General Irruption of the Barbarians - The Thirty Tyrads A.D. 248-268 The Nature of the Subject .......i The Emperor Philip .........a 249 Services.Revolt. Victory. and Reign of the Emperor Decius . a 250 He marchesagainst the Goths ......3 Origin of the Goths from Scandinavia .....4 Religion of the Goths ........5 Institutions and Death of Odin .......6 Agreeable. but uncertainHypothesis concerning Odin . 6 Emigration of the Goths fromScandinavia into Prussia . 7 -from Prussia to theUkraine ...... 8 The Gothic Nation increases in its March .... 9 Distinction of the Germans and Sarmatians ....10 Description ofUkraine the ......10 The Goths invade the Roman Provinces .....11 250 Various Events of the Gothic War ... ..12 251 Decius revives the ofice of Censor in the Person of Valerian . 14 The Design Impracticable. and without Effect ....15 Defeat and Death of Decius and his Son .....16 251 Election of Gallus .........IS 252 Retreat of the Goths ....... 18 gallus purchases Peace by the Payment of an annual Tnbut; 18 Popular Discontent .........19 253 Victory and Revolt of Ahilianus ......20 Gallus abandoned and slain .......20 Valerian revenges the Death of Gallus .....21 Is acknowledged Emperor ........21 'i Character of Valerian ..... ..22 253-268 General Misfortunes of the Reigns of Valerian and'Gallienus 22 Inroads of the Barbarians . ......23 Origin and Confederacy of the Franks .....23 They invade Gaul .........25 RavageSpain ..........26 Pass over into Africa ........26 Origin and Renown of theSuevi ......a6 Amixed body of Suevi assume the name of Alemanni . 27 Invade Gaul andItaly ........28 V WMA COLLEGE MONTEITH LIBRARY ALMA. MICHIGAN vi CONTENTS A.D. PAGE Are repulsed from Rome by the Senate and People ...26 The Senatorsexcluded by Gallienus from the Military Service 29 Gallienuscontracts an AUiancewith the Alemanni ...29 Inroads of the Goths . ..... 30 Conquest of the Bosphorus by the Goths ....' 31 The Goths acquire a Navai Force ...... 32 First Naval Expedition of the Goths ..... 33 The Goths besiege andTrebizond take .....33 The SecondExpedition of the Goths .... 34 plunder the CitiesThey the plunder of Bithynia ......35 Retreat of the Goths ........ 36 Third Naval Expedition of the Goths .... 36 They pass the Bosphorus and the Hellespont .... 37 Ravage Greece. and threaten Italy ..... 38 Their Divisions and Retreat ......* 39 Ruin of the Temple of Ephesus ......40 Conduct of theGoths at Athens ..... 41 A rmenia by the PersiansConquest the of byArmenia .....42 V alerian marches into the intomarches Valerian East ..... 4= zb Is defeated and taken prisoner by Sapor.King of Persia . 43 Sapor overruns Syria. Cilicia. and Cappadocia ... 44 Boldness and Success of Odenathus againstSapor ...46 Treatment of Valerian . ....-47 Character and Administration of Gallienus ....47 The Thirty Tyrants ......... 49 Their real Number not more than nineteen ... 50 Character and Merit of the Tyrants ...... 50 Their obscure Birth ........ * 51 The Causes of their Rebellion .......52 Their violent Deaths ........ 52 Fatal ConsequencesUsurpations of these .....53 Disorders of Sicily .........54 Tumults of Alexandria ........55 Rebellion of the Isaurian ........ 56 Famine and Pestilence . ......57 Diminution of the Human Species ..... 58 CHAPTER XI Reign of Claudius .Dcjcat of & Goths .Vidmiw. Triumph. ad Death of Aurelian a68 Aureolusinvades Italy. is defeated. and besieged at Milan . Death of Gallienus . ...... Character and Elevation of the Emperor Claudius ... a68 Death of Aureolus ......... Clemency and Justice of Claudius ...... He undertakes the Reformation of the Anny .... 269 The Goths invade the Empire ...... Distress and Firmness of Claudius ...... His Victory over the Goths ....... CONTENTS vii A9. 2 70 Death of the Emperor. who recommends Aurelian for his Successor ...... The Attempt and FAof Quintiiius ...... Origin andServices of AureLian ...... Aurelian's successful Reign ....... His Severe Discipline ..... He concludes aTreaty with the'Gotds ..... He resigns to them theProvinceof Dada .... The Alemannic War ........ The Alemanni invade Italy ....... They are at last vanquished by Aurelian ..... Superstitious Ceremonies ........ Fortitications at Rome ........ Aurelian suppresses the two Usurpers ..... Succession of Usurpers in Gaul ...... The Reign and Defeat of Tetricus ...... Character of Zenobia ........ Her Beauty and Learning ....... Her Valour .......... She revenges her Husband's Death ...... She reigns over the East and Egypt ...... 27" The Expedition of Aurelian ....... The Emperor defeats the Palmyrenians in the Battles of Antioch and Emesa ......... The State of Palmyra ........ It is besieged by Aurelian ........ 273 Aurelianbecomes Master of Zenobia and of the City . Behaviour of Zenobia ........ Rebellion and ruin of Palmyra ....... Aurelian suppresses the Rebellion of Firmus in Egypt . 274 Triumph of Aurelian ........ His Treatment of Tetricus and Zenobia ..... His Magnijicence and Devotion ...... He suppresses a Sedition at Rome ...... Observations upon it ......... Cruelty of Aurelian ... ..... 175 He marches into the East. and is k'assinated .... CHAPTER XII Conduct oj the Army and Scm after the Dcdh of Aurclian- Rcigns of Tacilus. Probus. Carw and his Sons Extraordinary Contest between the Army and the Senate for the Choice of an Emperor ......102 275 A peaceful Interregnum of Eight Months .....103 The Consulassembles the Senate ......105 Character of Tacitus .........105 He is elected Emperor ........106 He accepts the Purple ........107 Authority of the Senate ........108 Their Joy and Confidenae ........ '09 ... Vlll CONTENTS PAQE Tacitusis acknowledgedby the Army ... i10 The Alani invade Asia and are repulsed by Tacitus . 110 Death of the Emperor Tacitus .... i11 Usurpation and Death of his Brother Florianus . 112 Their FamilySubsists in Obscurity . .. 113 Character and Elevation of the Emperor Probus . 113 His RespectfulConduct towards the Senate . 114 Victories of Probus overthe Barbarians ... 116 He delivers Gaul from the Invasion of the Germans . I17 He carries hisArms into Germany . 119 He builds a Wall from the Rhine to the Danube . I20 Introduction and Settlement of the Barbarians . I21 DaringEnterprise of theFranks .... 123 Revolt of Saturninus in the East .... 124 .of Bonosus and Proculus inGaul ... 125 Triumph of the Emperor Probus .... 125 His Discipline ......, . 126 His Death ........ 127 Election and Character of Carus .... 128 The Sentiments of the Senate and People ... 129 Carus defeats the Sarmatians and marches into the East . 130 283 He givesAudience tothe PersianAmbassadors . 130 283 His victories and extraordinaryDeath ..... 131 He is succeeded by his two Sons. Carinus and Numerian . 132 284 Vices of Carinus . ....... 133 He celebrates theRoman Games ...... '35 Spectacles of Rome ........ 135 The Amphitheatre ... .... '37 Return of Numerian with the Army from Persia . ' I39 Death of Numerian ........ 141 284 Election of the Emperor Diocletisn ..... 142 285 Defeat andDeath of Carinus ....... 142 CHAPTER XI11 The Reign of Diodetian and his three Associates. Maximian. Gakrius. and Constantius - GeneralRe-establishment of Order and Tranquillidy - The Persian War. Victory. and Triumph - The New Form of Adminis- tration - Abdication and Retiremend of Diodetian and Maximian 285 Elevation and Character of Diocletian ... 144 His Clemency in Victory ...... 146 286 Association and Character of Maximian ... 146 292 Association of two Czsars. Galerius and Constantius . I48 [293] Departments and Harmony of thefour Princes . I49 Series of Events ........ 150 a87 State of the Peasants of Gaul ..... 151 Their Rebellion ........ 152 AndChastisement ....... 152 287 Revolt of Carausius in Britain ..... ' 153 [286] Importance of Britain ...... 154 Power of Carausius ....... ' 154 ..... c CONTENTS ix A9. PACE 289 Acknowledgedby the other Emperors . ... ''55 294 [293] HisDeath ......... 156 296 Recovery of Britain by Constantius . ....156 Defence of the Frontiers ....... ''57 Fortifications ......... ''57 Dissensions of the Barbarians ... ....158 Conduct of the Emperors .... ....158 Valour of the Cgsars ........ '59 Treatment of the Barbarians ....... 159 Wars of Africa and Egypt .... ....160 296 Conduct of Diocletian in Egypt ....... 161 [295] He suppresses Books of Alchymy . ....163 Novelty and Progress of that Art . ....163 The Persian War ......... 164 282 Tiridates theArmenian . ...... 164 286 His Restoration to the Throne of Armenia ....165 State of Countrythe . ... ... Revolt of thePeople and Nobles . ...: 22 Story of Mamgo ..... ....166 The Persians recover Armenia ... ....167 296 War between the Persians and the Romans .... 169 Defeat of Galerius ........ 1% His Receptionby Diocletian ....... 170 297 SecondCampaign of Galerius ....... 170 His Victory ...... ....'71 His Behaviour to hisRoyal Captives . ....171 NegotiationforPeace . ...... 172 Speech of the Persian Ambassador . ....172 Answer of Galerius ..... .... 173 Moderation of Diocletian ....... 177 -I., Conclusion of a Treaty of Peace
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Dark Age Church Period of Barbarian Invasions
    Scholars Crossing History of Global Missions Center for Global Ministries 2009 The Dark Age Church Period of Barbarian Invasions Don Fanning Liberty University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgm_hist Recommended Citation Fanning, Don, "The Dark Age Church Period of Barbarian Invasions" (2009). History of Global Missions. 3. https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgm_hist/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Global Ministries at Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in History of Global Missions by an authorized administrator of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Middle Ages 500-1000 1 3 The Dark Age Church Period of Barbarian Invasions AD 500—1000 Introduction With the endorsement of the Emperor and obligatory church membership for all Roman citizens across the empire, Roman Christianity continued to change the nature of the Church, in stead of visa versa. The humble beginnings were soon forgotten in the luxurious halls and civil power of the highest courts and assemblies of the known world. Who needs spiritual power when you can have civil power? The transition from being the persecuted to the persecutor, from the powerless to the powerful with Imperial and divine authority brought with it the inevitable seeds of corruption. Some say that Christianity won the known world in the first five centuries, but a closer look may reveal that the world had won Christianity as well, and that, in much less time. The year 476 usually marks the end of the Christian Roman Empire in the West.
    [Show full text]
  • Scobol Solo 2020 Packet 6
    Scobol Solo 2020 PORTA Packet 6 (Round 6) NIGRA 1. If these mathematical things are locally equal to a convergent power series, then they are called “analytic”. Solutions to differential equations are these things. These things, which are not matrices, can only be invertible if they are bijective [by-JEK-tiv], which means they must be both one-to-one and onto. These things are relations whose graphs pass the vertical line test because each input corresponds to a single output. Name these entities that map their domain to their range. Answer: functions [prompt on mappings] 2. In a short story by this writer, a couple boards a train in San Antonio just after getting married. That story is about a rivalry between the policeman Jack Potter and the gun·slinger Scratchy Wilson, and it ends with Wilson deciding not to kill Potter. A novel by this author begins with a soldier going to wash a shirt and returning with news that his military company is going to move. In that novel, this author wrote about Jim Conklin dying after being shot, and the title character being hit in the head with a rifle, creating the novel’s title injury. Name this author of “The Bride Comes toYellow Sky” who wrote about Henry Fleming in The Red Badge of Courage. Answer: Stephen Crane 3. As U.S. president, this person signed the Military Peace Establishment Act, which created West Point Military Academy. A dispute with Britain led to this president signing the Non-Importation Act, and he signed a stronger law after the Chesapeake-Leopard affair.
    [Show full text]
  • The Herodotos Project (OSU-Ugent): Studies in Ancient Ethnography
    Faculty of Literature and Philosophy Julie Boeten The Herodotos Project (OSU-UGent): Studies in Ancient Ethnography Barbarians in Strabo’s ‘Geography’ (Abii-Ionians) With a case-study: the Cappadocians Master thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Linguistics and Literature, Greek and Latin. 2015 Promotor: Prof. Dr. Mark Janse UGent Department of Greek Linguistics Co-Promotores: Prof. Brian Joseph Ohio State University Dr. Christopher Brown Ohio State University ACKNOWLEDGMENT In this acknowledgment I would like to thank everybody who has in some way been a part of this master thesis. First and foremost I want to thank my promotor Prof. Janse for giving me the opportunity to write my thesis in the context of the Herodotos Project, and for giving me suggestions and answering my questions. I am also grateful to Prof. Joseph and Dr. Brown, who have given Anke and me the chance to be a part of the Herodotos Project and who have consented into being our co- promotores. On a whole other level I wish to express my thanks to my parents, without whom I would not have been able to study at all. They have also supported me throughout the writing process and have read parts of the draft. Finally, I would also like to thank Kenneth, for being there for me and for correcting some passages of the thesis. Julie Boeten NEDERLANDSE SAMENVATTING Deze scriptie is geschreven in het kader van het Herodotos Project, een onderneming van de Ohio State University in samenwerking met UGent. De doelstelling van het project is het aanleggen van een databank met alle volkeren die gekend waren in de oudheid.
    [Show full text]
  • Wars and Battles of Ancient Rome
    Wars and Battles of Ancient Rome Battle summaries are from Harbottle's Dictionary of Battles, published by Swan Sonnenschein & Co., 1904. Rise of Rome—753 to 3911 B.C. The rise of Rome from a small Latin city to the dominant power in Italy Battle of Description Sabines According to legend, a year after the Romans kidnapped their wives from the neighboring Sabines, the (Kingdom) tribes returned to take vengeance. The fighting however, was stopped by the young wives who ran in B.C. 750 between the warring parties and begged that their fathers, brothers and husbands cease making war upon each other. The Sabine and Roman tribes were henceforth united. Alba Longa After a long siege, Alba was finally taken by strategm. With the fall of Alba, its father-city, Rome was (Kingdom) the undisputed leading city of the Latins. The inhabitants of Alba were resettled in Rome on the caelian B.C. 650 Hill. Sublican Lars Porsenna, king of Clusium was marching toward Rome, planning to restore the exiled Tarquins to Bridge the Roman throne. As his army descended on Rome from the opposite side of the Tiber, roman soldiers (Tarquinii) worked furiously to destroy the wooden bridge. Horatius and two other soldiers single-handedly fended B.C. 509 off Porsenna's army until the bridge could be destroyed. Lake Regillus Fought B.C. 497, the first authentic date in the history of Rome. The details handed down, however, (Tarquinii) belong to the domain of legend rather than to that of history. According to the chroniclers, this was the B.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Barbarians of the Black Sea Region in the Struggle Between Constantine I and Licinius
    BARBARIANS OF THE BLACK SEA REGION IN THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN CONSTANTINE I AND LICINIUS Sergey Vladimirovich YARTSEV Olga Igorevna KRAYUSHKINA Introduction This article is dedicated to the complicated question of the role and the significance of barbarians in the struggle between emperors Constantine I and Licinius I. Most of the facts we know are from various written sources about the two Augusts’ confrontation, and can be used to draw certain conclusions about the sequence of events. The most important of these events are the attack of the Sauromatus barbarians from Palus Maeotis, led by their king Rausimodus, against Constantine’s estate (at an unspecified date shortly before 323 AD) and the Gothic invasion in 323 AD. It is not unlikely that both these invasions were connected with plots hatched by Licinius. At the beginning, the march of Rausimodus, king of the Sauromatus to the Empire’s borders could be related to the fighting within the Roman state.1 It is very likely that this was one of the last attempts by barbarians to arrange a predatory aggression using a Bosporan fleet. Chapter 53 of Constantine Porphyrogenitus’ treatise De Administrando Imperio named Ιστορία περί τοΰ κάστρου Χερσώνος [Story of the city of Cherson] is a very specific source. It includes five different plotlines that tell us about events of ancient Crimean history. However, the information in this source is quite difficult to understand and to interpret. The main complications for the author were that the events in the text are unique and were written in a time distant from Constatine’s epoch.
    [Show full text]
  • Cgpt1; MAGNA GERMANIA; CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY BOOK 2, CHAPTER 10; FACT OR FICTION
    cgPt1; MAGNA GERMANIA; CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY BOOK 2, CHAPTER 10; FACT OR FICTION SYNOPSIS The locations of some +8000 settlements and geographical features are included within the text of Claudius Ptolemy‟s „Geographia‟. To control the text and ensure readers understood the methodology there-in utilised it is evident that Claudius Ptolemy determined a strict order and utilisation of the information he wished to disseminate. That strict methodology is maintained through the first 9 chapters of Book 2, but the 10th chapter breaks all of the rules that had been established. Chapters 11 to 15 then return to the established pattern. Magna Germania was basically unknown territory and in such a situation Claudius Ptolemy was able to ignore any necessity to guess thus leaving an empty landscape as is evinced in Book 3, chapter 5, Sarmatian Europe. Why in an unknown land there are 94 settlements indicated in Germania when the 3 provinces of Gallia have only a total of 114 settlements, is a mystery? And, why does Claudius Ptolemy not attribute a single settlement to a tribal group? It appears there are other factors at play, which require to be investigated. BASIC PTOLEMY When analysing a map drawn from the data provided by Claudius Ptolemy it is first necessary to ensure that it is segregated into categories. Those are; 1) reliable information i.e. probably provided via the Roman Army Cosmographers and Geometres; 2) the former information confirmed or augmented by various itineraries or from Bematists; 3) the possibility of latitudinal measurements from various settlements (gnomon ratios); 4) basic travellers tales with confirmed distances „a pied‟; 5) basic sailing distances along coastlines and those which can be matched to land distances; 6) guesses made by travellers who did not actually record the days travelled but only the length of time for the overall journey; 7) obscure references from ancient texts which cannot be corroborated.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    CURRICULUM VITAE Lincoln Harris Blumell Department of Ancient Scripture Brigham Young University 210F JSB, Provo, UT 84602 [email protected] www.lincolnhblumell.com W (801) 422-2497 C (801) 822-9633 Employment Brigham Young University, Department of Ancient Scripture, Associate Professor (Ancient Christianity) Sept. 2016 – present Brigham Young University, Department of Ancient Scripture, Assistant Professor (Ancient Christianity) July 2010 – Aug. 2016 Tulane University, Department of Classical Studies, Visiting Assistant Professor (Ancient Christianity) July 2009 – June 2010 Education Ph.D. University of Toronto, 2009 (Religious Studies, Ancient Christianity) Dissertation Lettered Christians: Christians, Letters, and Late Antique Oxyrhynchus Supervisor: John Kloppenborg External Examiner: Eldon Epp M.St. Christ Church, University of Oxford, 2004 (Jewish Studies) Thesis Galilean Social Bandits? An Examination of Galilean Brigandage from Herod the Great to the Outbreak of the First Jewish Revolt Against Rome (First Class Hons.) Supervisor: Sir Fergus Millar M.A. University of Calgary, 2003 (Religious Studies, Specialization in Western Religions) Thesis The Early Roman Emperors and the Christians: An Examination of the Early Emperors’ Ascribed Position as “Persecutors” of the Christians Supervisor: Wayne McCready B.A. (Hons.) University of Calgary, 2001 (Classical Studies) Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Spring Semester 2000 1 Monographs Didymus the Blind’s Commentary on Psalms 26:10–29:2 and 36:1–3. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2019. xv + 210 pp. (lead editor; with T. W. Mackay and G. Schwendner). Christian Oxyrhynchus: Texts, Documents, and Sources (Second through Fourth Centuries). Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2015. xxi + 778 pp. (with T. A. Wayment) Winner of the 2016 Harvey B. Black and Susan Easton Black Outstanding Publication Award from the Department of Ancient Scripture, Brigham Young University Lettered Christians: Christians, Letters, and Late Antique Oxyrhynchus.
    [Show full text]
  • Persian Royal Ancestry
    GRANHOLM GENEALOGY PERSIAN ROYAL ANCESTRY Achaemenid Dynasty from Greek mythical Perses, (705-550 BC) یشنماخه یهاشنهاش (Achaemenid Empire, (550-329 BC نايناساس (Sassanid Empire (224-c. 670 INTRODUCTION Persia, of which a large part was called Iran since 1935, has a well recorded history of our early royal ancestry. Two eras covered are here in two parts; the Achaemenid and Sassanian Empires, the first and last of the Pre-Islamic Persian dynasties. This ancestry begins with a connection of the Persian kings to the Greek mythology according to Plato. I have included these kind of connections between myth and history, the reader may decide if and where such a connection really takes place. Plato 428/427 BC – 348/347 BC), was a Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, student of Socrates, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. King or Shah Cyrus the Great established the first dynasty of Persia about 550 BC. A special list, “Byzantine Emperors” is inserted (at page 27) after the first part showing the lineage from early Egyptian rulers to Cyrus the Great and to the last king of that dynasty, Artaxerxes II, whose daughter Rodogune became a Queen of Armenia. Their descendants tie into our lineage listed in my books about our lineage from our Byzantine, Russia and Poland. The second begins with King Ardashir I, the 59th great grandfather, reigned during 226-241 and ens with the last one, King Yazdagird III, the 43rd great grandfather, reigned during 632 – 651. He married Maria, a Byzantine Princess, which ties into our Byzantine Ancestry.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER SEVENTEEN History of the German Language 1 Indo
    CHAPTER SEVENTEEN History of the German Language 1 Indo-European and Germanic Background Indo-European Background It has already been mentioned in this course that German and English are related languages. Two languages can be related to each other in much the same way that two people can be related to each other. If two people share a common ancestor, say their mother or their great-grandfather, then they are genetically related. Similarly, German and English are genetically related because they share a common ancestor, a language which was spoken in what is now northern Germany sometime before the Angles and the Saxons migrated to England. We do not have written records of this language, unfortunately, but we have a good idea of what it must have looked and sounded like. We have arrived at our conclusions as to what it looked and sounded like by comparing the sounds of words and morphemes in earlier written stages of English and German (and Dutch) and in modern-day English and German dialects. As a result of the comparisons we are able to reconstruct what the original language, called a proto-language, must have been like. This particular proto-language is usually referred to as Proto-West Germanic. The method of reconstruction based on comparison is called the comparative method. If faced with two languages the comparative method can tell us one of three things: 1) the two languages are related in that both are descended from a common ancestor, e.g. German and English, 2) the two are related in that one is the ancestor of the other, e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Fashion
    ^ jmnJinnjiTLrifiriniin/uuinjirirLnnnjmA^^ iJTJinjinnjiruxnjiJTJTJifij^^ LIBRARY THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA FROM THE LIBRARY OF F. VON BOSCHAN X-K^IC^I Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from Microsoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/evolutionoffashiOOgardiala I Hhe Sbolution of ifashion BY FLORENCE MARY GARDINER Author of ^'Furnishings and Fittings for Every Home" ^^ About Gipsies," SIR ROBERT BRUCE COTTON. THE COTTON PRESS, Granvii^le House, Arundel Street, VV-C- TO FRANCES EVELYN, Countess of Warwick, whose enthusiastic and kindly interest in all movements calculated to benefit women is unsurpassed, This Volume, by special permission, is respectfully dedicated, BY THE AUTHOR. in the year of Her Majesty Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, 1897. I I I PREFACE. T N compiling this volume on Costume (portions of which originally appeared in the Lndgate Ilhistrated Magazine, under the editorship of Mr. A. J. Bowden), I desire to acknowledge the valuable assistance I have received from sources not usually available to the public ; also my indebtedness to the following authors, from whose works I have quoted : —Mr. Beck, Mr. R. Davey, Mr. E. Rimmel, Mr. Knight, and the late Mr. J. R. Planchd. I also take this opportunity of thanking Messrs, Liberty and Co., Messrs. Jay, Messrs. E. R, Garrould, Messrs. Walery, Mr. Box, and others, who have offered me special facilities for consulting drawings, engravings, &c., in their possession, many of which they have courteously allowed me to reproduce, by the aid of Miss Juh'et Hensman, and other artists. The book lays no claim to being a technical treatise on a subject which is practically inexhaustible, but has been written with the intention of bringing before the general public in a popular manner circumstances which have influenced in a marked degree the wearing apparel of the British Nation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Principal Works of St. Jerome by St
    NPNF2-06. Jerome: The Principal Works of St. Jerome by St. Jerome About NPNF2-06. Jerome: The Principal Works of St. Jerome by St. Jerome Title: NPNF2-06. Jerome: The Principal Works of St. Jerome URL: http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf206.html Author(s): Jerome, St. Schaff, Philip (1819-1893) (Editor) Freemantle, M.A., The Hon. W.H. (Translator) Publisher: Grand Rapids, MI: Christian Classics Ethereal Library Print Basis: New York: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1892 Source: Logos Inc. Rights: Public Domain Status: This volume has been carefully proofread and corrected. CCEL Subjects: All; Proofed; Early Church; LC Call no: BR60 LC Subjects: Christianity Early Christian Literature. Fathers of the Church, etc. NPNF2-06. Jerome: The Principal Works of St. Jerome St. Jerome Table of Contents About This Book. p. ii Title Page.. p. 1 Title Page.. p. 2 Translator©s Preface.. p. 3 Prolegomena to Jerome.. p. 4 Introductory.. p. 4 Contemporary History.. p. 4 Life of Jerome.. p. 10 The Writings of Jerome.. p. 22 Estimate of the Scope and Value of Jerome©s Writings.. p. 26 Character and Influence of Jerome.. p. 32 Chronological Tables of the Life and Times of St. Jerome A.D. 345-420.. p. 33 The Letters of St. Jerome.. p. 40 To Innocent.. p. 40 To Theodosius and the Rest of the Anchorites.. p. 44 To Rufinus the Monk.. p. 44 To Florentius.. p. 48 To Florentius.. p. 49 To Julian, a Deacon of Antioch.. p. 50 To Chromatius, Jovinus, and Eusebius.. p. 51 To Niceas, Sub-Deacon of Aquileia.
    [Show full text]
  • Latin Epics of the New Testament: Juvencus, Sedulius, Arator
    LATIN EPICS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT This page intentionally left blank Latin Epics of the New Testament Juvencus, Sedulius, Arator ROGERP.H.GREEN 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox26dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With oYces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York ß Roger P. H. Green 2006 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or
    [Show full text]