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RESOURCE
ANNUAL DIRECTORY
EDITORIAL
ANNUAL INDEX 2012
Ten essential research Àndings for 2013 Localization standards Reader
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4-5 Ad-EditorsOpeningPageRD2013.indd 4 1/10/13 11:50 AM About the MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory and Editorial Index 2012 Up Front
ur eleventh annual Index and Resource Directory showcases everything from the nonprofits to the acronyms serving the globalization, internationalization, localization and translation industry. Every year, we present current data on language companies and services, and compile them into listings by category. OWhether you’re searching for a resource that can help you get started in the localization business, whether you’re interested in continuing your linguistic education or whether you’re looking for a tool vendor for your expanding internationalization needs, the contacts listed here should provide a good starting place. The Resource Directory containing all these line listings is marked by handy blue tabs in the outermost margins. Rebecca Ray and David Filip contribute to this edition with market findings for 2013 and an alphabetical reader on localization standards, respectively. These articles are marked with red tabs. It is worth mentioning that some of the terminology referenced in Filip’s standards compilation is explained at greater length in the glossary that appears later in the issue. The annual Index, marked with gold tabs, presents a list of authors, titles and topics and even people mentioned in our news items, arranged in a single alphabet. All of the ref- erences are taken from the pages of 2012’s MultiLingual magazines. Next, there’s the list of industry-related acronyms and abbreviations, followed by the terminology glossary. We add to these year by year as new terms and concepts appear within our magazine — or, as previously mentioned, within the Resource Directory itself. An index of advertisers appears at the end of the issue. The issue is available for free download at www.multilingual.com/resourceDirectory, which contains live links to the articles listed in the Index and to the companies listed in the Resource Directory. — The Staff of MultiLingual
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4-5 Ad-EditorsOpeningPageRD2013.indd 5 1/10/13 11:50 AM on the web at multilingual.com
Search multilingual.com MultiLin ual Expanded site-wide search! g 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 Editor-in-Chief, Publisher: Donna Parrish Managing Editor: Katie Botkin Editorial Assistant: Jim Healey Proofreaders: Bonnie Hagan, Bernie Nova
Downloads News: Kendra Gray Production: Darlene Dibble, Doug Jones • Search all of multilingual.com Cover Graphic Design: Doug Jones • Filter your results by information type Technical Analyst: Curtis Booker • Find what you need — fast! Assistant: Shannon Abromeit Circulation: Terri Jadick Sure, multilingual.com offersoffers overover 2,1002, industry resources, over 8,500 Special Projects: Bernie Nova news items, events, articles and downloads galore, but with all that infor- Advertising Director: Jennifer Del Carlo mation available, how do you ¿nd exactly what you need? Our site-wide Advertising: Kevin Watson, Bonnie Hagan search is the answer! Want to see how many times your company has Editorial Board been mentioned? Need to ¿nd that article on MT? Now you can. Daniel Goldschmidt, Ultan Ó Broin, Arturo Quintero, Lori Thicke, Jost Zetzsche If the site-wide search returns a large number of results, you may re¿ne it by Advertising ¿ltering the information type: news, resources, downloads, articles, events. [email protected] We are happy to make this wealth of information more accessible to you. www.multilingual.com/advertising 208-263-8178 Subscriptions, back issues, Get social with us customer service [email protected] MultiLingual keeps a running tweet stream on its home page, showing www.multilingual.com/ items from our Twitter conversation. Join the conversation and follow us subscriptionInformation directly at Submissions, letters @multilingualmag [email protected] Editorial guidelines are available at /multilingualmagazine www.multilingual.com/editorialWriter Reprints: [email protected] gplus.to/multilingualmagazine MultiLingual Computing, Inc. 319 North First Avenue, Suite 2 to get industry-related information about news, resources, events and views Sandpoint, Idaho 83864-1495 USA as we share them. And don’t forget our free newsletter delivered directly to [email protected] your inbox. You can sign up at multilingual.com/multilingualNews. www.multilingual.com © MultiLingual Computing, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction without permission is prohibited. For reprints and e-prints, please e-mail [email protected] or call 208-263-8178. Subscriptions MultiLingual (ISSN 1523-0309), February 2013, is published monthly except Apr-May, Jul-Aug, Oct-Nov for US $58, international $85 per year by MultiLingual Computing, Inc., 319 North First Avenue, Suite 2, Sandpoint, ID 83864-1495. Periodicals TheT print magazine is mailed nine times a postage paid at Sandpoint, ID and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to MultiLingual, 319 North First yeary (eight issues plus an annual resource Avenue, Suite 2, Sandpoint, ID 83864-1495. directory/index)d for $58 domestically, $85 internationally,i and includes full access to This NewPage paper has been thet digital version of MultiLingual, deliv- chain-of-custody certified by ered in a new interactive format. A digital three independent third-party certification systems subscription is available for only $28. . MultiLingual is printed on 30% post-consumer recycled paper. Subscribe online at multilingual.com/subscribe.
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6-7 MLC/TOC #133a.indd 6 1/10/13 11:51 AM Contents n 2013 Resource Directory Associations and Member Organizations ...... 8 Authoring Tools ...... 8 Automated Translation ...... 8 Blogs ...... 9 Books & Publications ...... 9 Conferences ...... 9 Consulting Services ...... 9 Content Management ...... 9 Copywriting ...... 9 Desktop Publishing Services ...... 10 Desktop Publishing Tools ...... 10 Dictionaries, Grammar Checkers ...... 10 E-learning, Educational Software...... 10 Education (degrees, certificate programs) ...... 10 Enterprise Solutions ...... 11 Fonts & Operating Systems ...... 12 Internationalization Services ...... 12 Internationalization Tools ...... 12 Interpreting ...... 12 n Editorial Language Learning ...... 13 Language Product Resellers ...... 13 36 Ten essential research Localization Services ...... 13 findings for 2013 Localization Tools ...... 20 Marketing...... 20 — Rebecca Ray Mobile Systems Technologies ...... 21 Multicultural Communications ...... 21 39 Localization standards Reader Multilingual Software ...... 21 Multimedia ...... 21 — David Filip Nonprofit Organizations ...... 21 Optical Character Recognition ...... 21 Project Management...... 21 Recruitment, Job Matching ...... 21 Research & Analysis ...... 22 n Editorial Index 2012 Resources ...... 22 Software Testing ...... 22 44 Index: Issues 125-132 Speech Technologies ...... 22 Subtitling/Dubbing ...... 22 57 Acronyms & Abbreviations Technical Writing ...... 22 Terminology Management ...... 23 59 Glossary Training, Seminars & Workshops ...... 23 Translation Management Systems...... 24 69 Advertisers Translation Services ...... 25 Translation Tools ...... 34 Voiceovers ...... 34 Website Globalization ...... 34 Workflow Solutions ...... 34
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AssociAtions And member orgAnizAtions American Foundation for Translation and Interpretation TAPIT: Tennessee Association of Professional Interpreters www.afti.org and Translators www.tapit.org American Marketing Association www.marketingpower.com TAUS Web: www.translationautomation.com American Translators Association www.atanet.org E-mail: [email protected] Oudeschans 85-III, 1011KW Amsterdam, The Netherlands Association for Machine Translation in the Americas 31-299-672028 www.amtaweb.org TAUS is an innovation think tank and interoperability watchdog for the translation industry. Our mission is to increase the size and Association of Czech Translation Agencies (ACTA) www.acta-cz.org significance of the translation industry to help the world communi- cate better. To meet this ongoing goal, TAUS supports entrepreneurs CALICO https://calico.org and principals in the translation industry to share and define new strategies through a comprehensive range of events, publications and Carolina Association of Translators and Interpreters knowledge tools. www.catiweb.org
ECQA Certified Terminology Manager www.termnet.org Authoring tools See our ad on page 23 MadCap Software, Inc. www.madcapsoftware.com European Language Industry Association See our ads on pages 23, 34 Web: www.elia-association.org E-mail: [email protected] Cubic Business Centre, AutomAted trAnslAtion 533 Stanningley Road, LS13 4EN Leeds, United Kingdom berns.language.consulting www.berns-language-consulting.de +39-345-830-7084 ELIA, the European Language Industry Association, brings together translation, localization and interpreting companies that do business in Europe. The association provides its members with tools and opportuni- ties to improve their businesses, such as training and networking events, resources for business development, and joint marketing efforts. Above all, ELIA is a community of peers. It is a place for language companies to learn, grow, socialize and share. Join us. Discover ELIA. Share the enthusiasm.
Global eLearning Community www.the-gec.org Globalization and Localization Association www.gala-global.org Houston Interpreters and Translators Association (HITA) www.hitagroup.org International Association of Professional Translators and Interpreters (IAPTI) www.aipti.org
International Federation of Translators (FIT) www.fit-ift.org International Medical Interpreters Association www.imiaweb.org Joint National Committee for Languages www.languagepolicy.org Mid-America Chapter of the American Translators Association www.micata.org
New England Translators Association www.netaweb.org New Mexico Translators and Interpreters Association www.cybermesa.com/~nmtia
Northern California Translators Association http://ncta.org Northwest Translators and Interpreters Society www.notisnet.org South African Translators’ Institute www.translators.org.za
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AutomAted trAnslAtion cont. conferences cont.
LinguaSys ELIA Networking Days www.elia-association.org Web: www.linguasys.com, E-mail: [email protected] 3651 FAU Boulevard, Suite 400, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA The Gilbane Group www.gilbane.com 561-755-7150, Fax: 561-908-6743 Intelligent Content www.intelligentcontentconference.com Linguistic Systems, Inc. www.linguist.com Localization World, Ltd. www.localizationworld.com Lucy Software and Services See our ad on page 43 Web: www.lucysoftware.com E-mail: [email protected] memoQfest www.memoqfest.org Daisbachtalstr. 7, D-74915 Waibstadt, Germany +49-7261-949809-0 Softletter www.softletter.com Lucy Software and Services GmbH is an independent company offering translation technology and services. Lucy Software is rec- tcworld conference www.tekom.de/conference ognized as a leading provider of machine translation technology and for its unmatched expertise in the translation of custom-built TM-Europe 2013 www.tm-europe.org SAP applications (both from a technical and a translation perspec- tive). Lucy’s core focus and strength lie in the diligent analysis and TMS Inspiration Days www.inspirationdays.eu understanding of the customers’ multilingual requirements and in the translation of these needs into effective business solutions. The Lucy team comprises seasoned IT and linguistic professionals with broad consulting services international experience. Byte Level Research www.bytelevel.com Meedan http://meedan.net Comgenesis, LLC www.comgenesis.com Microsoft Translator www.microsoft.com/translator Content Rules, Inc. www.contentrules.com Moravia www.moravia.com See our ads on pages 18, 72 The Content Wrangler, Inc. www.thecontentwrangler.com SDL Language Technologies www.translationzone.com Day Commerce www.daycommerce.com See our ads on pages 3, 20 Englobe Inc. www.englobe.com Sunda Systems Oy www.sunda.fi SYSTRAN www.systransoft.com Fleury & Fleury Consultants www.fleuryfleury.com See our ad on page 8 Health Outcomes Group www.healthoutcomesgroup.com tauyou
About Translation www.aboutranslation.com Syn-Tactic www.syn-tactic.com
Blogos www.multilingualblog.com TMServe www.tmserve.gr The Language Journal www.thelanguagejournal.com content mAnAgement books & PublicAtions Arabize www.arabize.com See our ad on page 14 East View Information Services www.eastview.com ClearPath, LLC http://clearpath.cc JoSTrans, The Journal of Specialised Translation www.jostrans.org Kentico Software www.kentico.com
Multilingual Matters www.multilingual-matters.com The Level www.thelevel.com Vasont Systems www.vasont.com conferences 37th Internationalization & Unicode Conference coPywriting www.unicodeconference.org Moravia www.moravia.com E2 www.e2conf.com/boston See our ads on pages 18, 72
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desktoP Publishing services educAtion (degrees, certificAte ProgrAms)
C&E Translation & Advertising Inc. www.cetrans.com
Digiworkers www.digiworkers.com eLocalize Your Job: Global Web: www.elocalize.net E-mail: [email protected] Communication 7 Mohi Eldin Abdel Hameed Street, 8th District, Nasr City, 11471 Cairo, Egypt 20-22-670-9641 x 111, Fax: 20-22-274-6042 The Monterey Institute offers master’s degrees We localize your life. With offices in Cairo, Dubai, Germany and Johannes- in Translation, Interpretation and Localization burg, customers benefit from our experience in localizing into the languages Management with programs in Chinese, French, of our region. Services include high-quality translation, engineering, DTP for all languages and product testing. We have successfully carried out localiza- German, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian, and tion projects for major software and mobile telephony companies; important Spanish, working into and out of English. producers of electrical goods, training materials, e-learning courses as well as Non-degree short programs are also other market sectors; and international organizations. offered for intensive skill building Folio TS www.foliots.com for working professionals.
global dtp s.r.o. www.global-dtp.com
Graphilingua (UK) Ltd www.graphilingua.com
Hornet Design Studio www.hornetdesign.eu
Idiomas, LLC www.foreignlanguagedtp.com interlanguage s.r.l. www.interlanguage.it See our ad on page 29
MWSDTP http://mwsdtp.com Seschat GmbH Typographie und Lokalisierung www.seschat.de See our ad on page 18
desktoP Publishing tools
StarrTech www.keyboardhelp.net
WebWorks www.webworks.com
dictionAries, grAmmAr checkers
The CJK Dictionary Institute, Inc. www.cjk.org
Lingvistica b.v. http://nl.linkedin.com/in/lingvistica
Smart Communications, Inc. www.smartny.com
www.tip.net.pl TiP Sp. z o. o. Be the Solution® Ultralingua, Inc. www.ultralingua.com
e-leArning, educAtionAl softwAre
eLocalize www.elocalize.net See our ads on pages 2 and this page
eWorld Learning, Inc. www.eworldlearning.com
Institute of Education — London University www.ioe.ac.uk go.miis.edu/translate Wenlin Institute www.wenlin.com
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educAtion (degrees, certificAte enterPrise solutions cont.
ProgrAms) cont. Fluency, Inc. www.gofluently.com Kent State University — Institute for Applied Linguistics http://appling.kent.edu Language Industry Certification System — LICS Web: www.lics-certification.org E-mail: [email protected] Austrian Standards plus GmbH, Heinestraße 38, A-1020 Vienna, Austria +43-1-213-00-413 LICS® stands for “Language Industry Certification System.” LICS® is the world market leader for quality standards in the language indus- try, founded by AS+Certification (www.as-plus.at/certification.html), a STAR Services & Tools! subsidiary of the Austrian Standards Institute, together with TermNet, the International Network for Terminology (www.termnet.org). The aim of LICS® is to offer the language industry globally uniform and thus recog- nizable certificates about the standards conformity of their services, based on existing and future European and international standards.
Lessius University College/University of Leuven www.lessius.eu
Localisation Research Centre www.localisation.ie
Monterey Institute of International Studies go.miis.edu/translate See our ad on page 10
University of Wisconsin-Madison www.wisc.edu University of Zurich, Institute of Computational Linguistics www.mlta.uzh.ch
Wake Forest University http://lrc.wfu.edu/certificates/index_2.html STAR – Your single-source partner for corporate product communication enterPrise solutions Across Systems www.across.net www.star-group.net See our ad on page 12
Empowering Translation Budget Owners The Language Technology Experts With up to 3levels of control
MultiTrans Prism 5.5 NEW! 3 2012
MultiTrans Prism 2 2011
MultiTrans 1 2000
multicorpora.com USA/Canada: 877.725.7070 Europe: +32(0) 2.213.00.20
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enterPrise solutions cont.
Kilgray Translation Technologies http://kilgray.com See our ads on pages 4, 34 internAtionAlizAtion services
Kinetic.theTechnologyAgency www.thetechnologyagency.com Hispano Language Advisory www.myhispano.com See our ad on page 24 senbarila GmbH www.senbarila.com LinguaSys www.linguasys.com Skandis Systems International, Inc. www.skandissystems.com MultiCorpora www.multicorpora.com VistaTEC www.vistatec.com See our ad on page 11 See our ad on page 19
STAR Group www.star-group.net See our ad on page 11 internAtionAlizAtion tools
Tilde www.tilde.com Kokusaika JP, Inc. www.kokusaika.jp Language Industry Certification System — LICS fonts & oPerAting systems See our ad on page 11 www.lics-certification.org
asiasoft.com www.asiasoft.com Net-Translators www.net-translators.com See our ads on pages 30, 71 Fontlab Ltd. www.fontlab.com Linguist’s Software, Inc. www.linguistsoftware.com interPreting Tiro Typeworks Ltd. www.tiro.com ÁreaBroca www.areabroca.com Global Languages/24 www.globallanguages24.com DPSI Online www.dpsionline.co.uk
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interPreting cont. locAlizAtion services cont.
Dr. Anja Rütten Conference Interpreting http://sprachmanagement.net ACP Traductera Web: www.traductera.com, E-mail: [email protected] Global Audio Visual www.tryglobal.com Na Pikete 173/III, Jindrichuv Hradec 37701, Czech Republic +420-384-361-300, Fax: +420-384-361-303 Global to Local Language Solutions LLC www.g2local.com ADA Translations TURKEY www.ada-turkey.com Johannes Tan, Indonesian Translator & Interpreter www.indotransnet.com ADAPT Localization Services www.adapt-localization.com See our ad on this page Langmanager www.langmanager.com Adaptive Globalization Ltd www.adaptiveglobalization.com Language Empire www.language-empire.com Afghan Translation Service www.afghantranslation.com Le French Link www.lefrenchlink.com Albaglobal Ltd www.albaglobal.com Lexika s.r.o. www.lexika.sk See our ad on page 29 All Localized www.alllocalized.com
Macrointer Limited http://dtc24.56.com Alliance Localization China Web: www.allocalization.com Telelanguage www.telelanguage.com E-mail: [email protected] Suite 526, Building B, No. 10 Xing Huo Road, Fengtai Science Park, 100070 Beijing, PR China World Interpreting, Inc. www.worldinterpreting.com 10-8368-2169, Fax: 10-8368-2884 ALC offers document, website and software translation and localization, desktop publishing and interpreter services. We focus on English, German and lAnguAge leArning other European languages to and from Chinese, Japanese, Korean and other Asian languages. We use TRADOS, CATALYST, SDLX, Transit, Wordfast, Braser Soft www.braser.com memoQ and other CAT tools, as well as DTP tools including CorelDRAW, FrameMaker, FreeHand, Illustrator, InDesign, PageMaker, Photoshop and Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org/elt QuarkXPress. Our customer-oriented approach is supported by strong proj- ect management, a team of specialists, a large knowledge base and advanced Cheng & Tsui Company www.cheng-tsui.com methodologies. We always provide service beyond our customers’ expectations at a low cost and with high quality, speed, dependability and flexibility. don Quijote www.donquijote.org Alt plus, Innovative Language Services www.altplus.si International Book Centre, Inc. www.ibcbooks.com
Istituto Galilei www.galilei.it
LingleOnline Ltd www.lingleonline.com
Lingualearn Ltd www.lingualearn.co.uk
Quick-n-EZ Language, Inc. www.quick-n-ez.com
Speak Languages! www.speaklanguages.co.uk University of Surrey, School of English and Languages www.surrey.ac.uk
University of Westminster www.westminster.ac.uk
Written language guide www.listlanguage.com
lAnguAge Product resellers
World Language Resources, Inc. www.worldlanguage.com
World of Reading, Ltd. www.wor.com
locAlizAtion services
A2Z Global Language Solutions www.a2zglobal.com
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Ando Translations www.ando.cz Arancho Doc www.aranchodoc.com See our ad on page 26 Argos Translations www.argostranslations.com Arabize Aspena www.aspena.com Web: www.arabize.com See our ad on this page E-mail: [email protected] 22 Anwar El Mofty St., Tiba 2000 Admin. Bldg., Rabaa Al Adawya, ASSERTIO www.assertio.es Nasr City, 11371 Cairo, Egypt, +202-24055192, Fax: +202-24055191 Arabize was founded in 1994 in Cairo, Egypt, to be one of the pioneer- BayanTech www.bayan-tech.com ing content and localization companies in the region. Our offices in Cairo, Alexandria, Saudi Arabia and Switzerland now host over 95 highly skilled Bodeux International LLC www.bodeuxinternational.com employees. Following the most internationally acknowledged quality stan- dards, Arabize provides professional localization and translation-related Braahmam Net Solutions Pvt. Ltd. www.braahmam.net services, as well as content development, content management and testing See our ad on page 26 services in Arabic, English and German. Arabize is ISO 9001:2008 certified, EN 15038:2006 certified, and an SAP Language Services Partner and hires C-DAC GIST www.cdac.in/gist more than 15 in-house CLPs. Arabize is a member of the ASAP Globalizers consortium of companies. Ccaps Translation and Localization www.ccaps.net CEET Ltd. www.ceet.eu Clear Words Translations Web: www.clearwordstranslations.com E-mail: [email protected] Tránsito Cáceres de Allende 448, 14 C, Córdoba, Argentina 54-351-4254487, Fax: 54-351-4254487
CodeXchange http://cxc.com.tw Commit www.commit.gr HIGHER Continuum www.continuum.hr STANDARDS Crestec Europe B.V. Client-centric business Web: www.crestec.eu orientation E-mail: [email protected] Teleportboulevard 110, 1043 EJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands Focus on Central and Eastern +31-(0)20-58-54-640, Fax: +31-(0)20-58-54-646 European languages With almost 30 years of experience, the Crestec Group has developed 16 years in the translation into a major market leader in technical documentation. Our worldwide and localization market network of more than 20 offices spread all over Japan and Asia, Europe and the US enables us to deliver translation and documentation services in 70+ 5 branches in 2 countries languages in any possible format and in a wide range of subject areas: auto- (Czech Republic and motive, medical, consumer electronics and so on. We also offer software Slovakia) localization, DTP and printing fulfillment services. As the main European Network of strategic partners office within the Crestec Group, Crestec Europe specializes in document across Central and Eastern engineering. Whatever your needs are, we have the solution for you! Europe diaLOC, S.L. www.dialoc.com Worldwide client portfolio Comprehensive one-stop Diskusija localization service Web: www.diskusija.lt E-mail: [email protected] Multimedia/Voice-over Mindaugo g. 23A-73, office 8, LT-03231 Vilnius, Lithuania localization +370-5-2790-574, Fax: +370-5-2790-576 ISO 9001 and EN 15038 Founded in 1993, Diskusija specializes in technical translation and certified localization services from Western European languages into all Central, Eastern and Southeastern European languages with a strong focus on Baltic languages (Lithuanian, Latvian, Estonian). Our experienced team is able to handle projects of any complexity. We guarantee a professional and personal approach to our clients’ needs, the use of state-of-the-art indus- trial technology, quality management at all stages of a project, on-time delivery, competitive rates and flexibility. We have extensive expertise in the following industries: IT, software, hardware, telecommunications, medi- cal equipment, medicine, pharmacology, accounting, finance, automotive [email protected] industry, electronics, legislation and EU documents. www.aspena.com e-Arabization www.e-arabization.com
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E-Global www.eglobaltrans.com Elanex, Inc. Web: www.elanex.com, E-mail: [email protected] 101 California Street, Suite 2710, E4NET Co., Ltd. San Francisco, CA 94111, USA, Web: www.e4net.net 415-475-7450, Fax: 415-276-3195 E-mail: [email protected] Elanex is a technology-enabled global language services company 2nd FL. Gamevil Building, 1426-1, Seocho-gu, Seocho-dong designed to consistently and efficiently deliver translation for the most 137-864 Seoul, Republic of Korea demanding requirements. A top 75 global firm, Elanex provides professional 82-2-3465-8500, Fax: 82-2-3465-8501 services to the financial, high technology, legal, manufacturing, retail, travel E4NET is a language service provider that specializes in supplying and gaming sectors. The Elanex Difference is a result of a comprehensive Korean, Japanese, S-Chinese, T-Chinese, Thai, Malay, Vietnamese and technology platform connecting specialist translators and subject matter Indonesian. Established in 1995, E4NET has successfully accomplished expert editors with a global production team to deliver 24x7 services – in many major projects for customers — such as IBM, Microsoft, Hewlett- any language, any format, anywhere, anytime. Elanex is a proud platinum Packard, LG Electronics, Google, Oracle, Dell, 3Com, Sony, BEA Systems sponsor of Translators without Borders. Need professional translation now? — based on accumulated experience and know-how. We specialize in Try expressIt – Expert Translation Incredibly Fast: www.expressitnow.com. the fields of IT such as ERP/CRM/DBMS, consumer software, hardware/ equipment, OS, server application, management, multimedia and so on. ELEKS www.eleks.com E4NET can provide all types of localization works, including the full scope of software testing services in Windows, Macintosh, Linux and Unix, and eLocalize www.elocalize.net DTP services as well as audio recording and video translation services. See our ads on pages 2, 10
EC Innovations, Inc. www.ecinnovations.com ENLASO Corporation www.enlaso.com See our ad on this page Eriksen Translations Inc. www.eriksen.com Get social with MultiLingual ES Ltd. www.estr.com @multilingualmag espell translation and localization ltd. www.espell.com /multilingualmagazine EuroGreek Translations Limited www.eurogreek.com
gplus.to/multilingualmagazine Euro Translations www.eurotranslations.it
+ Software localisation. + Web site localisation. + Technical and general translation. + Interpreting. + Third-party translation review. + Style guide creation. + Desktop publishing. + Linguistic advisory. + Terminology and document management. + Technical writing. + Multimedia translation. + Web site design, development and internationalisation. + Linguistic, typographic and style revision and review. + Video and audio tape transcription, including studio dubbing and voice-over. + Training on translation and localisation.
TRADUCCIONES Y SERVICIOS LINGÜÍSTICOS
Founded in 1991 Cólquide, 6, portal 2 - 3.º I, Edificio Prisma, 28230 Las Rozas, Madrid - SPAIN. Phone: (+34) 91 640 7640
Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía Juan López Peñalver, 17, 3.º, ofic. 6 Edificio Centro de Empresas 29590 Campanillas, Málaga - SPAIN Email: [email protected] www.hermestrans.com Phone: (+34) 952 020 525
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locAlizAtion services cont.
exe, spol. s r. o. HighTech Passport Web: http://localization.exe.sk Web: www.htpassport.com, E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] 1590 Oakland Road., Ste B202, Slávičie údolie 6, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia San Jose, CA 95131, USA +421-2-67-296-111, Fax: +421-2-67-296-666 408-453-6303, Fax: 408-453-9434 exe has been providing a full range of language services through its For over 17 years, HighTech Passport has been consistently providing localization department for over 20 years. exe specializes in Central and the medical and IT industries with cost-effective, customized language Eastern European (CEE) languages. exe has established a smoothly run- solutions. Long-term partnerships with our clients and a solid track record ning localization and translation engine through long-term relationships validate our commitment to linguistic and technical excellence. Our project with its CEE partners. exe focuses on clients for whom high-quality services managers, engineers, DTP specialists and specialized in-country linguists are essential. exe’s localization and translation portfolio covers IT, techni- believe that every project — from internationalization to full product cal, medical, governmental, business, financial and other areas. Microsoft, localization, linguistic and functional testing, and release engineering — is unique and deserves customized processes and service. We will continue to Hewlett-Packard and the European Commission are among the clients that dedicate our expertise, creativity and resources to confer local character to depend on exe’s accuracy and cost-effectiveness. exe is an ISO 9001:2008 leading global products in the 60 languages we currently support. and 15038-certified language services provider.
hiSoft Technology International Ltd. www.hisoft.com ExeQuo www.exequo.com Honyaku Center Inc. Web: www.honyakuctr.com Eyron Ltd. www.eyron.com E-mail: [email protected] 6F, 2-4-1 Higashi Shinbashi, Minato-ku, 105-0021 Tokyo, Japan EzGlōbe www.ezglobe.com +81-3-6403-9588, Fax: +81-3-6403-9033 Honyaku Center is Japan’s translation industry leader and the largest FLE SHANGHAI CO., LTD. www.fle.com.cn translation company in Asia, with over 25 years of experience providing specialized technical translation services in the life sciences, patent, industry, www.gamax.hu finance and legal fields. Our specialized services cover virtually all text types, Gamax Kft. including IT and software, e-learning, games, websites, technical and user manuals, along with our core languages of Japanese, Chinese and Korean. Globalization Group, Inc. www.globalization-group.com From translation through to DTP and printing, Honyaku Center has the large scale project management capabilities, specialized resources, experi- GLTJobs.com www.gltjobs.com ence and expertise to handle all your translation and localization needs!
Glyph Language Services www.glyphservices.com HT Localization www.htlocalization.com
GOLocalization www.golocalization.com Human Science Co., Ltd. www.science.co.jp
HCR-Informatica e Traducoes, Lda. www.hcr.pt iCentech Limited www.icentech.com Hermes Traducciones y Servicios Lingüísticos, S.L. IcoText http://icotext.com See our ad on page 15 www.hermestrans.com Ideas Translated www.ideastranslated.com
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INTERCHALLENGE www.interchallenge.com Keywords Italia Srl www.keywordsintl.com International Translate, LLC www.internationaltranslate.com Language Automation, Inc. www.lai.com Interpro Translation Solutions, Inc. www.interproinc.com Language Translation, Inc. Web: www.languagetranslation.com, E-mail: [email protected] Intertranslations Ltd. www.intertranslations.gr 4379 30th Street, Suite 7, San Diego, CA 92104, USA 619-516-4037, Toll-free: 800-655-3397, Fax: 619-516-4089 IOLAR Web: www.iolar.com LEXMAN www.lexman.biz E-mail: [email protected] See our ad on page 16 Parmova 51, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia +386-1-4759-580, Fax: +386-1-4759-588 Lingmaster www.lingmaster.com IOLAR, an international high-tech localization and translation company, has been providing customers with complex documentation Lingo Soft www.lingo-soft.com translations (IT, telecommunication, medical, automotive, engineer- ing, marketing, financial and legal) and software localization since 1991. Lingotek www.lingotek.com Besides standard localization and testing projects, IOLAR also provides audio and video media content localization. IOLAR specializes in South LinguaGraphics, Inc. www.linguagraphics.com East European languages — Albanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Romanian, Serbian, Slovenian and Turkish. Lingua IT International www.linguait.com By achieving the EN 15038 certification, IOLAR demonstrates its com- mitment to high-quality services. Its competitive advantage is the fact that Linguistic Centre® www.lingvo.lviv.ua IOLAR manages its services in-house, namely in the offices in Slovenia (Ljubljana and Maribor), Croatia (Zagreb) and Serbia (Belgrade). Loc.PRO www.loc.pro
ISIS Korea Inc. www.isiskorea.com Localize.pl www.localization.pl Localsoft, S.L. www.localsoft.com iSP www.isp.nl LocPlanet www.locplanet.co.kr ITI Ltd. http://iti.ru Logrus International Corporation www.logrus.ru Janus Worldwide Inc. www.janusww.com See our ad on page 28 LTES Ltd www.ltes-global.com Jensen Localization www.jensen-localization.com MAGIT Sp. z o.o. www.translations.magit.pl See our ad on page 30 Julia Figueroa www.juliafigueroa.com MediLingua Medical Translations B.V. www.medilingua.com Kevrenn International www.kevrenn.com See our ad on page 30
Translation & Localization
Your German Language Specialist
I translation and localization Outstanding I proofreading Localization I company-specifi c glossaries
I post-editing services
I project management
I desktop publishing
Cologne, Germany Tel +49(0)221 801 928-0 www.rheinschrift.de
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ANNUAL DIRECTORY
Localization Services cont. Milengo www.milengo.com Omniage Ltd. http://omniage.com Moli Crossland http://molicrossland.com One Planet www.one-planet.net Moravia ORCO S.A. Web: www.moravia.com Web: www.orco.gr E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] 810 Lawrence Drive, Suite 210 6, Vas. Sofias Avenue, 106 74 Athens, Greece Newbury Park, CA 91320, USA, 805-262-0055, Fax: 805-375-8292 +30-210-7236001, Fax: +30-210-7249124 Moravia is a leading globalization solution provider, enabling companies Founded in 1983, ORCO is celebrating its 30th anniversary! A leading in the information technology, e-learning, life sciences, consumer electronics translation and localization service provider, the company specializes in soft- and telecommunications industries to enter global markets with high-quality ware localization and technical translation (IT, telecommunications, medical, multilingual products. Moravia’s solutions include localization, product testing, automotive, engineering, marketing, financial, EU). ORCO deals primarily with multilingual publishing, technical translation, content creation, machine transla- English-into-Greek projects, although translation from several other European tion and workflow consulting. Adobe®, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle and Toshiba are languages can be taken aboard. With its experienced in-house personnel, ORCO among some of the leading companies that depend on Moravia for accurate, offers high-quality services including localization, product testing, engineering, on-time and economical localization. With global headquarters in Brno, Czech DTP and so on. Our client list includes long-term collaborations with companies Republic, Moravia has local offices in Europe, the United States, Japan, China such as Abbott, Canon, Cummins, Ford, General Electric, Google, IBM, Micro- and Latin America. To learn more, please visit us at www.moravia.com. soft, Oracle, Sony and some important international institutions such as the EU (CDT, European Parliament) and UN (UNHCR). Multilize www.multilize.com Osborne Solutions www.osborne-solutions.com Narcis Lozano www.narcislozano.com Pactera Technology International Ltd. www.pactera.com Net-Translators www.net-translators.com See our ads on pages 30, 71 Palex Group Inc. www.palexgroup.com NewTEQ Information Services Corporation www.newteq.com.tw Partnertrans www.partnertrans.com Nuna Localization www.nuna.com.tr PassWord Europe Web: www.password-europe.com OceanAnzeige_121207:Layout Translations 1 13.12.2012www.oceantranslations.com 12:01 Seite 1 E-mail: [email protected] See our ad on page 30 51 rue Sainte Anne, 75002 Paris, France +33-1-42-86-87-13, Fax: +33-1-42-86-04-51 Since 1993, PassWord Europe has been working with the world’s lead- Typographie ing information and communications technology companies, offering Lokalisierung them world-class expertise in localization and translation, project man- Seschat agement, translation assets technology, multilingual desktop publishing and graphic design. With highly qualified human resources, integrated processes and technical capabilities, we provide solutions to all needs, for contents such as software, documentation, communications, marketing and sales. Professionals — our human capital — constantly leverage their ® know-how to ensure high-quality, proactive, timely service at every process Automated Photoshop step. At PassWord Europe, quality is at the heart of processes and work- and Flash® file localization flows throughout the project life cycle: quality — efficiency — proactivity. Paulo José ∩ Automatically export text Web: www.paulo-jose.com, E-mail: [email protected] ® ® from Photoshop and Flash Rua Casal de São Vicente, 7, 1º Dto, 2700-170 Amadora, Portugal files into XLIFF +351-214942548, Fax: +351-211454296 ∩ Automatically import localized Real Idea Ltd. www.realidea.com text back into Photoshop® and Flash® files Rheinschrift Übersetzungen, Ursula Steigerwald See our ad on page 17 www.rheinschrift.de Full Service ∩ Multimedia Windows, OS X Localization localization and integration Rosario Traducciones y Servicios S.A. www.rosariotrad.com.ar ∩ Translation in 20+ languages RoundTable Studio, Inc. www.roundtableinc.net ∩ Linguistic review and See our ad on page 31 content check RS_Globalization Services GmbH & Co. KG www.rs-globalization.com ∩ Engineering ∩ Desktop Publishing Ryszard Jarża Translations www.jarza.pl See our ad on page 31
SALT Group www.saltgroup.net www.seschat.com ∩ [email protected] ∩ Munich area, Germany Saltlux Inc. www.saltlux.com
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Saudisoft Co. Ltd www.saudisoft.com Technolex Translation Studio www.technolex-translations.com
Shunra Media, Inc. http://hebrew.shunra.net Teknik Translation Agency www.tekniktranslation.com Skrivanek www.skrivanek.com See our ad on page 32 See our ad on page 31 Texel Localization www.txl.co.il SLS Translation www.slstranslation.com TeXT idiomas www.text-idiomas.com SOFT-TRANS Bt. www.soft-trans.hu The Kitchen, a TM Systems Company www.thekitchen.tv ST Communications www.stcommunications.com The Name Technology Sdn. Bhd. www.tntsb.com STEP.IN. S.r.l. www.step-in.it Studio Gambit Sp. z o.o. www.stgambit.com Thebigtrust www.thebigtrust.com See our ad on page 32 TLT Documents ApS www.tlt.dk Synergium www.synergium.eu See our ad on page 32 TOIN Corporation www.to-in.com
Synergy Recruit Limited www.synergyrecruit.com Tradnologies www.tradnologies.com
Adapting to a small and constantly connected world - from Social Gaming to Life Sciences, Digital Marketing to Hardware Safety Notices, Green Energy to IT Infrastructure - VistaTEC brings cost efective solutions to your evolving localization needs.
For more information, contact us at [email protected] (c) 2013 VistaTEC Localization Evolved
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locAlizAtion services cont. locAlizAtion tools cont.
transcript GmbH & Co. KG www.transcript.de SDL Language Technologies Web: www.translationzone.com TransGlobe International www.transglobe-bg.com E-mail: [email protected] Globe House, Clivemont Road, Translated in Argentina www.translated-in-argentina.com SL6 7DY, Maidenhead, United Kingdom, +44-1628-417227 SDL Language Technologies is the leading provider of translation www.translationbackoffice.com software to the translation industry. Its product portfolio includes the Translation Back Office market-leading translation tool SDL Trados Studio 2011, offering a complete translation environment including translation memory, terminology and Treeloc SL www.treeloc.com powerful project management features. Recognized globally as the world leading desktop software for the translation industry, it is the preferred Ushuaia Solutions www.ushuaiasolutions.com computer-assisted translation tool of government, enterprise, language service See our ad on page 33 providers and freelance translators. With support for the largest number of file formats, an open API and growing app market place, Studio 2011 is the right Venga Localization www.vengacorp.com choice for professionals serious about the business of translation.
VistaTEC www.vistatec.com Sharmahd Computing, Inc. www.sharmahd.com See our ad on page 19 Sisulizer Ltd & Co KG www.sisulizer.com VNLOCTRA Language Technology Company Limited www.vnloctra.com Welocalize www.welocalize.com
WhP www.whp.net mArketing Win & Winnow Communications www.winandwinnow.com Content Marketing Institute www.contentmarketinginstitute.com Wise-Concetti Ltd. www.vnlocalize.com Latin-data www.latin-data.com Wordlab Translation & Localisation Services, SL Same Day Translations LLC www.samedt.com www.wordlabtranslations.com UBM Tech http://tech.ubm.com WordPilots Web: www.wordpilots.com Websites for Translators http://websitesfortranslators.co.uk/webdesign E-mail: [email protected] Bogøvej 15, 8382 Hinnerup, Denmark, +45-86-60-00-70 WordPilots is a Danish localization agency focusing on localization and LQAs. Our in-house team of pilots has many years of experience in the localization industry, and our great interest in language and com- munications as well as our passion for high linguistic quality form the cornerstones of WordPilots. We can assist you with reviews, third-party LQAs, localization, post-editing, terminology management, language validation, technical writing, copywriting, as well as language and cultural consultancy. We cover various fields of expertise: IT (UA and UI), telecom- munication, marketing/copy/transcreation, e-learning, tourism, automo- tive, energy and life science.
Xlated Ltd. www.xlated.com See our ad on page 19
Yamagata (Singapore) Pte Ltd www.yamagatasingapore.com
locAlizAtion tools
AIT GmbH & Co. KG www.visual-localize.com Alchemy Software Development Ltd. www.alchemysoftware.ie Kilgray Translation Technologies http://kilgray.com See our ads on pages 4, 34
Lingobit Technologies www.lingobit.com Multilizer www.multilizer.com Resource Localizer www.rclocalizer.tk Schaudin.com www.schaudin.com
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mobile systems technologies multimediA cont.
eLocalize www.elocalize.net Seschat GmbH Typographie und Lokalisierung www.seschat.de See our ads on pages 2, 10 See our ad on page 18
multiculturAl communicAtions nonProfit orgAnizAtions
Comprehensive Language Services, Inc. www.clscorp.com The Rosetta Foundation Web: www.therosettafoundation.org DDR Global, LLC www.ddrglobal.com E-mail: [email protected] Unit 13 Classon House, Dundrum Business Park, eLocalize www.elocalize.net Dublin 14, Ireland, +353-(01)-443-4546 See our ads on pages 2, 10 The Rosetta Foundation supports the not-for-profit activities of the FITISPos Group www.fitispos.com.es localization and translation communities. It works internationally with those who want to provide equal access to information across languages, GeaCom, Inc. www.myphrazer.com independent of economic or market considerations, including localization and translation companies, technology developers, not-for-profit and Global Propaganda www.globalpropaganda.com nongovernmental organizations. JFA, Inc. www.jfamarkets.com TermNet — International Network for Terminology See our ad on page 20 Web: www.termnet.org E-mail: [email protected] Mooslackengasse 17, V 1190 Vienna, Austria Mother Tongue Writers www.mothertongue.com/us +43-1-23060-3965, Fax: +43-1-23060-3966 TermNet is an international cooperation forum for companies, uni- TripleInk versities, institutions and associations that engage in the further develop- Web: www.tripleink.com ment of the global terminology market. The products and services of this E-mail: [email protected] market are considered and promoted by TermNet as integral and quality 60 South 6th Street, Suite 2800, Minneapolis, MN 55402, USA assuring parts of any product and service in the areas of information and 612-342-9800, Toll-free: 1-800-632-1388, Fax: 1-612-342-9700 communication; classification and categorization; and translation and TripleInk is a multilingual marketing communications agency that pro- localization. vides business-to-business and consumer products companies with precise translation, transcreation and multilingual production services for audio- Translators without Borders visual, interactive and print media. From advertising and website globalization Web: www.translatorswithoutborders.com to technical documentation, we offer integrated marketing communication E-mail: [email protected] solutions in all major world languages. Our Six Degrees of Transcreation® Passage du Cheval Blanc, 2 rue de la Roquette, approach to marketing communications enables our international team to 75011 Paris, France make client brands relevant, anywhere on earth. And our proven quality man- 33-1-55-28-88-09, Fax: 33-1-55-28-88-09 agement system combined with state-of-the-art technology resources provides Translators without Borders is an independent-registered nonprofit us with the practical tools to deliver the comprehensive language services association based in France that assists nongovernmental organizations needed to meet our clients’ global business objectives. (NGOs) by providing free, professional translations. Founded by Lexcelera in 1993, Translators without Borders has provided over two million dollars VIA www.viadelivers.com worth of free translations. Thanks to the funds saved, NGOs are able to extend their humanitarian work. ultilinguAl oftwAre m s Upper Midwest Translators and Interpreters Association Language Engineering Company www.lec.com www.umtia.org Natlanco www.natlantech.com oPticAl chArActer recognition Net-Translators www.net-translators.com See our ads on pages 30, 71 AramediA www.aramedia.com
Nisus Software, Inc. http://nisus.com Penpower Inc. www.penpowerinc.com PetaMem www.petamem.com Project mAnAgement Tavultesoft Pty Ltd www.tavultesoft.com Active Translators S.R.L. www.active-translators.com TwinBridge Software Corporation www.twinbridge.com Jovosoft www.jovo-soft.de multimediA LocalVersion www.localversion.com eLocalize www.elocalize.net See our ads on pages 2, 10 recruitment, job mAtching
nepomedia GmbH www.nepomedia.de Anzu Global www.anzuglobal.com
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recruitment, job mAtching cont. softwAre testing
CareerLingual http://careerlingual.com Mayflower Language Services www.mayflowerlanguages.com
Larsen Globalization www.larseng11n.com Moravia www.moravia.com See our ads on pages 18, 72 ProZ.com www.proz.com Net-Translators www.net-translators.com ResourceWell www.resourcewell.net See our ads on pages 30, 71
TEP4U http://tep4u.com uTest www.utest.com TranslationDirectory.com www.translationdirectory.com sPeech technologies
Translators Town www.translatorstown.com Linguatec Language Technologies www.linguatec.net Translatorsbase.com www.translatorsbase.com subtitling/dubbing
reseArch & AnAlysis Al Media Movers, Inc. www.media-movers.com
Common Sense Advisory www.commonsenseadvisory.com Binari Sonori S.r.l. www.binarisonori.com See our ad on this page Payment Practices www.paymentpractices.net ComTranslations www.comtranslations.com
resources technicAl writing European Language Resources Association www.elra.info Adobe Systems www.adobe.com/go/tcs
SOLUTiONSOLU fOR SdL LANGUAGE WORkERS
www.smarTquery.aT - www.kaleidoscope.aT
TRANSLATORTRAN TO QUERY MANAGEMENTNA Log, search, forward, answer in the web Turn queries inTo knowledge!
WEB POWER FOR YOUR CAT TOOLSS
words in record Time approvals made easy Turn queries soluTions for inTo knowledge language workers
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technicAl writing cont. trAining, seminArs & workshoPs
Etteplan | Tedopres Inc. www.tedopres.com ECQA Certified Terminology Manager Web: www.termnet.org E-mail: [email protected] MadCap Software, Inc. www.madcapsoftware.com Mooslackengasse 17, 1190 Vienna, Austria See our ads on page 34 and this page +43-1-23060-3965, Fax: +43-1-23060-3966 The European Certification and Qualification TechScribe www.techscribe.co.uk Association (www.ecqa.org) is a not-for-profit association that brings together institutions and several thousands of professionals from all over Europe and abroad. ECQA provides worldwide standardized training programs and certifi- terminology mAnAgement cation schemes for numerous professions. TermNet, the International Network for Terminology (www.termnet.org), together with ECQA, has developed the AccentPharm Medical Translations www.accentpharm.com ECQA Certified Terminology Manager, in the basic and advanced version.
Interverbum Technology http://interverbumtech.com European Language Industry Association www.elia-assocation.org See our ad on page 8 Kaleidoscope Communications Solutions GmbH See our ad on page 22 www.kaleidoscope.at Finnish Translation Services www.finntranslations.com
Kilgray Translation Technologies http://kilgray.com Institute for Advanced Professional Studies www.iaps.com See our ads on pages 4, 34 Interpreter Education Online www.interpretereducationonline.com Lexicool.com www.lexicool.com Loctimize GmbH www.loctimize.com MultiCorpora www.multicorpora.com meta|frasi School of Translation Studies www.metafrasi.edu.gr See our ad on page 11 Qabiria Studio SLNE www.qabiria.com SDL Language Technologies www.translationzone.com See our ads on pages 3, 20 Shufra Consultancy www.shufra-consultancy.com
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trAining, seminArs & workshoPs cont. trAnslAtion mAnAgement systems cont. TermNet — International Network for Terminology SDL Language Technologies www.translationzone.com See our ad on page 21 www.termnet.org See our ads on pages 3, 20
University of Lille 3 www.univ-lille3.fr/ufr-lea/formations Smartling, Inc. www.smartling.com See our ad on page 38 zaac www.zaac.de Text United GmbH www.textunited.com trAnslAtion mAnAgement systems Translation Business Management System www.tbmsystem.com See our ad on page 15 Advanced International Translations (AIT) www.projetex.com Wordbee Andrä AG www.ontram.com Web: www.wordbee.com E-mail: [email protected] Corporate Translations, Inc. www.corptransinc.com 9, avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, See our ad on page 27 L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg +352-54-55-80-875 Kaleidoscope Communications Solutions GmbH Wordbee is the leading choice for enterprises and translation profes- See our ad on page 22 www.kaleidoscope.at sionals who need to save money and make their localization structure run more efficiently. Wordbee has the most complete feature set of any cloud Kinetic.theTechnologyAgency solution: a user-friendly translation editor including translation memory, Web: www.thetechnologyagency.com glossaries and MT, project management capabilities, business analytics E-mail: [email protected] and API connectivity with third-party applications. Project setup effort is 200 Distillery Commons, Suite 200, Louisville, KY 40206, USA significantly reduced and the workflow automated. Traditional localization 502-719-9565, Fax: 502-719-9569 manager tasks such as translation assignment, deadline calculation, project Translation headaches cured! Kinetic is the only firm working exclu- setup, phase kick-offs, mid-cycle source document changes and cost man- sively on the translation buyer’s behalf to improve quality, maximize agement can all be automated in the collaborative translation platform. content reuse, speed-up turnaround and significantly reduce costs; it is the only system that has built-in, real-time vendor ratings per language. Using XTM International www.xtm-intl.com your favorite vendors, you now have a centralized translation process, See our ad on this page enterprise-wide for consumer communications, marketing, legal, web and HR that leverages your TM across all projects and all vendors. Your real- XTRF Translation Management Systems www.xtrf.eu time dashboard increases quality while reducing headaches; provides true vendor accountability and powerful vendor rating system; delivers detailed statistics by project, language and vendor and substantially reduces costs.
LINGO TMS BULGARIA LTD https://lingotms.com LSP.net GmbH www.lsp.net Lstore www.linguaeshop.com LTC www.ltcinnovates.com MadCap Software, Inc. www.madcapsoftware.com THE NEW WAY TO BUY, See our ads on pages 23, 34 SELL, COLLABORATE AND MemSource Technologies www.memsource.com MultiCorpora www.multicorpora.com DELIVER LOCALIZATION See our ad on page 11 Plunet GmbH SERVICES ONLINE Web: www.plunet.com E-mail: [email protected] XTM Xchange brings together translators and Prenzlauer Allee 214, D-10405 Berlin, Germany organizations with localization requirements. +49 (0)30-3229713-40, US Toll-free: 1-888-758-6381 Fax: 49 (0)30-3229713-59 Users can publish their own details in the directory With offices in Würzburg, Berlin and New York, Plunet develops and and post localization jobs. Translators can bid for markets the business and translation management system Plunet Business- Manager, one of the leading management solutions for the translation and the work and if selected, complete the task in XTM. localization industry. Plunet BusinessManager provides a high degree of automation and flexibility for professional language service providers and translation departments. Using a web-based platform, Plunet inte- Join XTM Xchange today: grates translation software, financial accounting and quality management systems. Basic functions include quote, order and invoice management, www.xtm-intl.com/xchange-register comprehensive financial reports, flexible job and workflow management as well as deadline, document and customer relationship management. Please ask for a detailed list of the extensive capabilities.
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trAnslAtion services
1-Stop Translation USA, LLC www.1stoptr.com Absolute Translations Ltd www.absolutetranslations.com See our ad on this page Academy of Languages Translation and Interpretation 101Translations www.101translations.com Services (AOLTI) www.aolti.com
1st Transnational Translations www.1sttransnational.com Accessible Translation Solutions www.accessibletranslations.com
2M Language Services www.2m.com.au Acclaro Inc. www.acclaro.com
A2Z Evaluations, LLC www.a2zeval.com Accurate Translation Services, Inc. www.seattletranslation.com
A2Z Global Language Solutions www.a2zglobal.com ACP Traductera www.traductera.com
AAA Translation www.aaatranslation.com ACTC Translation Centre www.actc.com.sg
Abellana Plus Ltd. www.abellanaplus.com Active Translators S.R.L. Web: www.active-translators.com, E-mail: offi[email protected] Able Translations Ltd. www.abletranslations.com Str. Florin Medeleţ, Nr. 5, Sc. A, Ap. 2, Timişoara 300732, Romania 0040-256-289977, Fax: 0040-256-201614
AD VERBUM Ltd. www.adverbum.com
ADAPT Localization Services www.adapt-localization.com See our ad on page 13
Afaf Translations www.afaftranslations.com
your one-stop Affordable Language Services www.affordablelanguageservices.com
Asian Solution Afrolingo www.afrolingo.co.za
Agostini Associati www.agostiniassociati.it
AIM Consulting www.aim-tr.com
aLanguageBank www.alanguagebank.com
Alba Translating Company Ltd www.alba-translating.ru
Albanian Language Services www.albanian-language.com
Albisa, S.L. www.albisa-solutions.com
Alboum www.alboum.com
Alexika Ltd www.alexika.com
Aliquantum, Inc. www.aliquantum.biz
All Languages Ltd www.alllanguages.com
Alliance Localization China www.allocalization.com See our ad on page 13
Allingus Translation Services® www.allingus.com
Alma Mater www.am-ukr.com
Alphabet Street Ltd. www.alphabetstreet.net
Alvin Translation www.alvintranslation.com [+1-888-351-7867] [[email protected]] [www.1stoptr.com] AMlingua www.amlingua.com U.S.A. | CHINA | KOREA Andiamo! Language Services Ltd www.andiamo.co.uk
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trAnslAtion services cont.
Ando Translations Auerbach International Inc. www.auerbach-intl.com Web: www.ando.cz E-mail: [email protected] AUM Translation Services Ltd. www.aum.ru/en Tyršova 48, 61 200 Brno, Czech Republic +420-541-235-718 Avalon Media srl www.avalon.ro Languages: From English into Czech and Slovak, and all EE languages. Software localization, translations for medical devices, clinical studies, Avalon Professional Translation www.avalontranslation.com pharmaceutics, oncology, biotechnology and technical documentation as well as legal, financial and marketing texts for the entire central European B&K Projects www.bkprojects.be market. We place special emphasis on the maximum quality of transla- tions delivered, speed, a flexible approach and customer satisfaction. These Babylon Expert www.babylonexpert.com properties have gradually helped us create excellent business relationships in the localization market, both with domestic and foreign companies that balTICK language services www.baltick.lt emphasize quality translation in their work. We offer our longtime experi- ence and professional approach to you. Bay Translations www.baytranslations.com Andrei Sedliarou Translations www.translator4you.com Bc. Rostislav Bala — German/Czech Translations www.tschechische-ubersetzungen.de Angira Translation Agency www.angira.ru BENEXtra Korea www.benextra.com Anja Casties-Bergfeld www.casties-bergfeld.de BEPS Translations www.bepstranslations.com Apex Translations, Inc. www.apex-translations.com Berthold International GmbH www.bertholdinternational.com Arcadia Translations www.arcadia-t.com BeTranslated www.betranslated.com Arinna, Inc. www.earinna.com BiroTranslations (Biro 2000 d.o.o.) www.birotranslations.com ASAP-translation.com www.asap-translation.com BITRA http://dti.ua.es/en/bitra/introduction.html Aspena www.aspena.com See our ad on page 14 Biztranslations AS www.biztranslations.com BLC — Brazilian Localization Company www.blc.com.br Blue South www.bluesouth.co.nz Braahmam Net Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Web: www.braahmam.net E-mail: [email protected] B-28, First Floor, Sector 63, 201303 Noida, India +91-120-430-7530 Braahmam is an ISO 9001:2008 certified service provider of language and learning solutions. We specialize in localizing software, mobile and web applications in Asian and Indian languages, multilingual audio recording and video subtitling services. We work in 100+ languages, including com- plex bidirectional scripts, such as Arabic, Hebrew and Urdu.
Bruce International, Inc. www.bruceinternational.com BUREAUCOM LLC www.bureaucom.com Carmazzi Global Solutions www.carmazzi.com Casa de Traduceri www.casadetraduceri.ro CEET Ltd. www.ceet.eu CETRA Language Solutions www.cetra.com Charles Aschmann Language Services (CALS) www.charlesaschmann.com
Chinese Localization Center (CLC) www.chineselocalize.com CIKLOPEA d.o.o. www.ciklopea.com See our ad on this page
Cipherion Translations www.cipherion.com/en
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Clear Words Translations www.clearwordstranslations.com Dolphin Translations GmbH www.dolphin-translations.com
CloudLingual www.cloudlingual.com Dorothy Translations www.dorothytranslations.com
CommGap www.commgap.com Dussault Translation www.dussault-translation.com
Comprehensive Book Translation Services Dynamic Language www.dynamiclanguage.com www.bookwebtranslation.com e2f translations, inc www.en2fr.com CONTRAD www.contrad.com.pl See our ad on this page E4NET Co., Ltd. www.e4net.net See our ad on page 15 Conversis www.conversisglobal.com EastSun Translations www.eastsuntranslation.com Corporate Translations, Inc. www.corporatetranslations.com Corporate Translations, Inc. EC Innovations, Inc. www.ecinnovations.com Web: www.corptransinc.com See our ad on page 15 E-mail: [email protected] 77 Hartland Street, East Hartford, CT 06108, USA Eclectic Communications www.swlocalization.com 860-727-6000, Fax: 860-727-6001 With over two decades of acquired knowledge in the highly regulated Elanex, Inc. www.elanex.com life science industry, Corporate Translations has become a recognized See our ad on page 15 expert in managing both complex and simple translation and linguistic validation projects specifically for pharmaceutical, biotech and medical Elite Translations Asia Pte. Ltd. www.elitetranslations.asia device companies in addition to CROs and IRBs. Corporate Translations’ ISO 9001:2008 certified translation process has earned the company pre- eLocale, Inc. www.elocale.com ferred vendor status with some of the world’s top pharmaceutical com- panies such as Pfizer, Abbott, Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer eLocalize www.elocalize.net Ingelheim and Merck. Corporate Translations understands the need for See our ads on pages 2, 10 quality translations quickly, accurately and cost-effectively, and we deliver. EnRus www.enrus.ru Cosmo Translations www.cosmosite.co.uk cre@dventure — Baumann & Barde GbR www.creadventure.de Crestec Europe B.V. www.crestec.eu See our ad on page 14
Cybertec USA, Inc. www.cybertecusa.com D.O.G. Dokumentation ohne Grenzen GmbH www.dog-gmbh.de DADAN Translations www.dadan.eu Day Translations, Inc www.daytranslations.com Decoder + www.decoderplus.com delsurtranslations www.delsurtranslations.com.ar Deyá idiomas www.deyaidiomas.com DG Global www.dg-global.com Dialog One, LLC www.dialog-one.com Diamecs Engineering, Ltd. www.diamecs.ru Diskusija www.diskusija.lt See our ad on page 14
Dixon Servicios Lingüísticos, S.L. www.dixon.es diye Global Communications www.diye.com.tr Document Service Center GmbH www.dsc-translation.de DokuTrans Translation Services www.dokutrans.net
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EQHO Communications www.eqho.com Follow-Up Translation Services www.follow-up.com.br See our ad on page 35 ForeignExchange Translations www.fxtrans.com Eriksen Translations Inc. www.eriksen.com Foreign Ink Ltd. www.fornink.com ESEN Translation Services www.esentranslation.com Foreign Translations, Inc. www.foreigntranslations.com eTeams International Ltd www.eteams.ie Formula F Ltd. www.123translate.me ETLS International www.etlsint.com Future Trans Ltd. www.future-trans.com Étymon Solutions SLL www.etymon-solutions.com G3 Translate www.g3translate.com Eurotonas www.eurotonas.com GaiaText« The Translation Company GmbH www.gaiatext.eu Exact! www.exact-gmbh.com Global Language Solutions www.globallanguages.com Exalingo www.exalingo.com Global Language Translations and Consulting, Inc. Excel Translations www.lifesciencestranslations.com (GLTaC, Inc.) www.gltac.com exe, spol. s r. o. http://localization.exe.sk Global Localize www.global-localize.com See our ad on page 16 Global textware bv www.globaltextware.nl Exigo translations www.exigotranslations.com Gproject Corporation www.gproj.com Eye-Translate www.eye-translate.com Hablaa http://hablaa.com Fasttranslator.com http://usa.fasttranslator.com Hansson Uebersetzungen GmbH www.hansson.de Folio Online www.folio-online.co.za Harcz & Partner Ltd. www.translationcompany.org HE Translations http://hetranslation.co.uk Help Agency www.agenziahelp.it Hermes Traducciones y Servicios Lingüísticos, S.L. See our ad on page 15 www.hermestrans.com
Hieroglifs Translations www.hieroglifstranslations.ro Home Office www.homeoffice.be Honyaku Center Inc. www.honyakuctr.com See our ad on page 16
Horacio R. Dal Dosso www.hdosso.com.ar Horizon Translating & Interpreting, LLC www.horizontranslating.com
HTT www.htt.fr
Hunnect Limited www.hunnect.hu
IAFL Translation & Interpretation Services www.iaflindia.com
ida Corporation www.ida-net.com
Idea Translations www.ideatranslations.com
IDEST Comminication SA www.idestnet.com
idioma Co., Ltd. www.idioma.com
iDISC Information Technologies, S.L. www.idisc.es
ILA Translation Services www.ilatranslation.com
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Indy Translations, LLC http://indytranslations.com KL-Link http://localize.co.kr Info Plus SRL www.infoplus-srl.com L.A. Translations & Design www.latranslations.com Interlang Ltd. www.interlang.net Langscape www.langscape.com
interlanguage s.r.l. Language Inc. www.language-inc.org Web: www.interlanguage.it E-mail: [email protected] Language People, Inc. www.languagepeople.com Strada Scaglia Est, 134, 41126 Modena, Italy +39-059-344720, Fax: +39-059-344300 Language Translation, Inc. www.languagetranslation.com interlanguage has been delivering a comprehensive range of top quality professional services to major customers throughout the world since 1986: Languages Translation Services www.advancedtranslationservices.com technical, financial, legal and promotional translations, terminology man- agement, desktop publishing, interpreting and voiceover. An in-house staff LanguageTran www.language-translation-service.net of editors and project managers covers a variety of technical fields, from all languages into Italian with extended usage of CAT tools. The DTP service Latin-data www.latin-data.com offers typesetting in all European and Asian languages. interlanguage is one of the first translation centers in Italy to be awarded the Quality Sys- LATN Inc. www.latn.com tem certification ISO 9001:2008, Translation Service certification UNI EN 15038:2006 and Interpreting Service certification UNI 10574:2007. Lexcelera www.lexcelera.com Lexika s.r.o. International Communication by Design www.icdtranslation.com Web: www.lexika.sk, E-mail: [email protected] Dobrovicova 10, 81109 Bratislava, Slovakia International Contact, Inc. www.intlcontact.com +421-2-5010-6700, Fax: +421-2-5292-5965 International Language Services, Inc. www.ilstranslations.com At Lexika we have the capability and skilled personnel to handle your Czech, Slovak and other CEE translation needs. We provide translations over a wide range of business and professional fields. Lexika’s project management International Language Source, Inc. www.ilsource.com ensures quality, cost-effectiveness and fast turnaround. With 19 years’ experi- ence, we ensure on-time delivery and outstanding customer service. To request International Translation Bureau www.itbtranslation.com a quote for your next Czech or Slovak language project, visit www.lexika.sk.
INTERTEXT Traducción y documentación LEXMAN www.lexman.biz multilingüe, S.L. www.intertext.es See our ad on page 16 Intervoices Comunicação Global www.intervoices.com LexWorks www.lexworks.com InText Translation Company www.intexts.com Lido-Lang Technical Translations www.lidolang.com IOLAR www.iolar.com LIG Languages & Solutions www.lig-china.com See our ad on page 17 Lingo2Lingo Translations www.lingo2lingotranslations.com iPublish Pte Ltd www.ipublish.com.sg Lingo24 www.lingo24us.com italianwords www.italianwords.it LingoStar Language Services Inc. www.lingo-star.com iTRANSmedia www.itransmedia.com Linguaemundi — Linguarama Serviços Linguísticos, Lda Iwóka Translation Studio www.iwokatranslation.com www.linguaemundi.pt
Jaeger Translations www.jaeger-translations.de LinguaLinx, Inc. www.lingualinx.com Janus Worldwide Inc. www.janusww.com LinguaPoint GmbH www.linguapoint.de See our ad on page 28 Linguavox www.linguavox.co.uk JAPANtranslation http://japan-translation.japanese-web.com Lion-Net www.lion-net.com JLS Language Corporation http://jls.com Live Translation www.livetranslation.com JRD Translations www.jrdias.com LocaFlex, Ltd. www.locaflex.ru JTS Korea, Inc. www.jtskorea.co.kr Locasis www.locasis.com Junction International, LLC www.junctioninternational.com LocaSoft GmbH www.locasoft.com Just Traduções www.just.trd.br Lys Vietnamese Translation www.lysvietnamesetranslation.com Keylingo Translations www.keylingo.com MadCap Software, Inc. www.madcapsoftware.com King’s Translation & Copywriting sprl www.kingstranslation.com See our ads on pages 23, 34
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MAGIT Sp. z o.o. N3Ds Translations www.n3dstranslations.com Web: www.translations.magit.pl E-mail: [email protected] Naked Translations www.nakedtranslations.com Parkowa 11, Psary, 51-180 Wrocław, Poland +48-71-347-73-30, Fax: +48-71-372-94-58 Neotech www.neotech.ru MAGIT — experts in “Polishing” your products since 1995. MAGIT offers software localization, multimedia localization and technical transla- Net-Translators tions into Polish and other Eastern European languages. Our main fields Web: www.net-translators.com Your Vision. Worldwide. of expertise include IT, life sciences, telecommunication, automotive, E-mail: [email protected] consumer electronics and industrial technologies. Taking advantage of 13 Hamifal Street, P.O. Box 1052, 6050001 Or Yehuda, Israel our network of proven language resources and building on experience in 972-3-5338633, Toll-free: N. America 800-320-1020, Fax: 972-3-5336956 projects completed for global and regional players, we offer professional Net-Translators provides turnkey translation, localization and multi- services and personal dedication to help companies successfully launch lingual testing services and customized strategy-to-deployment localization products into new markets. MAGIT is your competent translation partner, solutions in over 60 languages. For ten years, we’ve helped technology com- flexible, responsive and reliable. Look no further. Try us out! panies and medical device manufacturers prepare their products and services for global markets, including software applications (GUI, online help and Magnum Group, Inc. www.magnumgroupinc.com documentation), marketing materials, websites and more. Our professional, customer-focused teams deliver consistent, accurate results in compliance to MARK Business Translations Ltd. www.marktranslations.com international regulations, and our one-of-a-kind multilingual testing center offers the ultimate testing environment for localized products. ISO 9001:2008 Matrix Communications AG www.matrix-ag.com and ISO 13485:2003 certifications and a long-standing reputation for quality consistently earn Net-Translators the trust of industry leaders worldwide. Mc LEHM Language Services www.mc-lehm.com Netlingo International www.netlingo.co.in MediLingua Medical Translations B.V. Web: www.medilingua.com, E-mail: [email protected] Netwire www.netwire.com.br Poortgebouw - Rijnsburgerweg 10, 2333 AA Leiden, The Netherlands NIGtranslations www.nigtranslations.es 31-71-5680862, Fax: 31-71-5234660 www.nilels.com MediLingua provides professional medical translation services. We Nile Language Services offer 40+ of the world’s major languages. Our work concerns both medi- nlg GmbH www.nlgworldwide.com cines and medical devices. Our customers are pharmaceutical companies, CROs, medical publishers, national and international medical and regula- Nordtext www.nordtext.com tory organizations, and manufacturers of medical devices, instruments, in vitro diagnostics and medical software. We translate regulatory dossier Nuadda www.nuadda.com information (SmPCs, PILs, labeling), general information about medi- cines, health and treatment, clinical trial documents, and instructions for NZ Translations www.nztranslations.com medical devices. Our services also include pretranslation source text edit- ing, translatability assessment, international review management, transla- Ocean Translations tion validation, harmonization of language versions, user testing (cognitive Web: www.oceantranslations.com debriefing), readability testing, and back translation and reconciliation. E-mail: [email protected] San Lorenzo 1716-7, 2000 Rosario, Argentina Merle & Sheppard Language Consulting www.language-consulting.com +54-341-5270508, Fax: +54-341-4253660 Your Latin American language partner, Ocean Translations is a global Merrill Brink International www.merrillbrink.com provider of high-quality communications solutions delivering expert language services. We offer accurate, fast and effective translations (English, LA and US Mestako Ltd. www.mestako.lv Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese) to serve a wide range of industries, such as life sciences, finance, education, IT, food and hospitality, automotive, legal, MGO-Traducciones www.mgo-traducciones.com.ar travel, insurance and manufacturing. As a full service LSP, we also offer mul- tilingual DTP, software and website localization, subtitling and interpretation. MilaTova International Translations www.milatova.com Our goal is to deliver a customized service to each of our clients and build long-term business partnerships following ISO 9001:2008 standards. Mind Power Hungary Ltd. http://mipohu.com Octopus Translations www.octopustranslations.com Mirora Translation & Consultancy Co. www.mirora.com Omnia Group www.omnia-group.it Moravia www.moravia.com See our ads on pages 18, 72 One Hour Translation www.onehourtranslation.com MSS www.mss.es OneDocument, S.L. www.onedocument.eu MTM — Multilingual Translations Management b.v. ORCO S.A. www.orco.gr www.mtm-international.eu See our ad on page 18
Multi-Languages Corporation www.multi-languages.com Orient Translation Services www.orienttr.com MultiLing www.multiling.com P & L Translations www.pandltranslations.com Multilingual Connections, LLC www.multilingualconnections.com Pacific Translations www.pacific-translations.com Multilingual Translation Services www.multilingual.com.hk Pangeanic www.pangeanic.com
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trAnslAtion services cont. strength ensures reliable service standards and enables unparalleled PassWord Europe www.password-europe.com scale and flexibility. See our ad on page 18 RUSLAN Translations Inc. www.ruslan.com Paulo José www.paulo-jose.com RusLoc www.rusloc.com Perfecto Brasil www.perfectobrasil.com.br/en RWS Group GmbH www.rws-group.de Petersburg Translation Bureau www.ptb-localization.com Ryszard Jarża Translations Polyglot Translation Ltd www.polyglot.biz Web: www.jarza.pl E-mail: [email protected] Premier Focus Inc. www.premierfocus.com ul. Barlickiego 23/22, 50-324 Wrocław, Poland, +48-601-228332 Ryszard Jarża Translations is an established provider of specialized Pol- Prestige Network Ltd www.prestigenetwork.com ish translation, localization and testing services, primarily for life sciences, IT, automotive, refrigeration and other technology sectors. For over a decade, we ProBahasa Translation www.probahasa.com have been active in the technical and marketing translation market. We work directly with documentation departments of large multinational customers Profalians www.profalians.com.ua and with multilanguage service providers. Our in-house team is comprised of experienced linguists with medical, IT and engineering backgrounds. We ProLinguo GmbH www.prolinguo.com guarantee a high standard of quality while maintaining flexibility, unparalleled responsiveness and reliability. Our services are certified to EN 15038:2006. Promova www.promova.com.ua Sandberg Translation Partners Ltd www.stpnordic.com ProTranslating www.protranslating.com Satto Translations www.satto.info PS Translation www.pstranslation.co.uk Schreiber Translations, Inc. www.schreibernet.com PTIGlobal www.ptiglobal.com Scriptor Services LLC www.scriptorservices.com PTSGI — President Translation Service Group International www.ptsgi.com SEATONGUE www.seatongue.com Puretrans www.puretrans.com Seschat GmbH Typographie und Lokalisierung www.seschat.de See our ad on page 18 Qingdao OM Translation Co., Ltd. www.86trans.com SH3 Inc. www.sh3.com Quicksilver Translations www.quicksilvertranslate.com Skrivanek R L Translations Ltd www.rltranslations.co.uk Web: www.skrivanek.com E-mail: [email protected] Rancho Park Publishing, Inc. www.ranchopark.com Na Dolinách 153/22, 147 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic +420-546-212-294, USA: +1-212-858-7561 reliable translations llc www.reliable-translations.com Skrivanek has been delivering outstanding language solutions for almost 20 years, affirming its position as a world leader in the translation Rephraserz Media and Communication Services industry. Our network of 50 offices in 14 countries throughout Europe, www.rephraserz.com Asia and the United States enables the provision of quality translations and product localization services in over 100 languages. Supported by Rescribe www.rescribe.com 3,000 linguists, 350 in-house native reviewers, teams of experienced project managers, software engineers and DTP specialists, our cutting- Rheinschrift Übersetzungen, Ursula Steigerwald edge technologies facilitate customer-driven solutions to meet the most See our ad on page 17 www.rheinschrift.de exacting requirements. Our reputation is guaranteed by ISO 9001:2008 and EN 15038:2006 quality assurance certification and a clientele that RM-Soft Translation & Publishing S.L. www.rm-soft.com includes global corporations and major international organizations.
Rosetta Translation Limited www.rosettatranslation.com SLS international Inc. www.sls-international.com
RoundTable Studio, Inc. SMARTSPOKES AG www.smartspokes.com Web: www.roundtableinc.net E-mail: [email protected] Sobrero Language Services www.italiantranslator.org.uk +54-11-4001-3109, Fax: +54-11-5648-7380 SOPHIA, jazykove sluzby s.r.o. www.sophia-cb.cz RoundTable Studio specializes in translation for the Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese language markets and optimizes client value by www.spanish-express.com offering an unbeatable blend of service, quality and cost. Our produc- Spanish Express, Inc. tion centers are located in Argentina and Brazil, with an additional project management center in Spain for extended time zone coverage. SpanSource www.spansource.com A solid infrastructure provides the backbone for our processes, with a large team of full-time employees including linguists, project managers SpeakLatam www.speaklatam.com and desktop publishing/technical staff, as well as a senior management team with extensive international experience. Our unique in-house Spiderword www.spiderword.com
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trAnslAtion services cont. Straker Translations www.strakertranslations.com The Language Exchange www.langex.com
Strategic Languages Inc. www.strategiclanguages.com Tim Davies Nordic Translations www.timadavies.com
Studio Gambit Sp. z o.o. TiMe Translations & Training www.timeargentina.com Web: www.stgambit.com E-mail: [email protected] Tip-Top Translations www.tip-toptranslations.com ul. Matejki 6, 80-232 Gdańsk, Poland +48 58 345 3800, Fax: +48 58 345 1909 Tiqua Translations www.tiqua.com Studio Gambit is a leading regional MLV providing a unique opportu- nity to consolidate translation and localization services into all languages TMG Translation Services Limited www.tmgtranslation.com of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Ruling out the quality risk, Studio Gambit transforms translation into controlled, ISO 9001:2008-certified To The Point Translations http://users.skynet.be/ttpt business process that allows clients to achieve the best value for money. The comprehensive offer of technical services includes multilingual DTP, www.tcontinental.es software testing, voiceover, dubbing and video editing — all you need to Traducciones Continental, S.L. create a local version of the product. To drive operational efficiences sought in long-term cooperation, we assure scalability for high volume projects, Tradux Translations www.tradux.de capabilities in diverse subject matters and competitive pricing. Trans-IT Translations inc. www.trans-it.ca
Synergium www.transaction.co.uk Web: www.synergium.eu TransAction Translators Ltd E-mail: [email protected] Verkių Str. 25c, 7th Floor LT 08223 Vilnius, Lithuania Transconsult Ltd. www.transconsult.com.br + 370-5-275-29-57 Synergium provides TEP, website and software localization, terminol- TransDoc SA www.transdoc.ch ogy management, and linguistic evaluation services in the Eastern Euro- pean and CIS languages. Due to high-quality performance and thoughtful TransForm Gesellschaft für Sprachen- und Mediendienste mbH approach, Synergium has been recognized as the Baltic language expert by www.transformcologne.de world-renowned companies, such as Google, Microsoft, Philips Healthcare, GlaxoSmithKline and more. Our Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian in- Transimpex Translators-Interpreters-Editors-Consultants, Inc. house teams of expert project managers, translators, editors and software www.transimpex.com engineers have vast experience in handling translation projects under tight deadlines from major technical industries, such as automotive, electronics, IT, life sciences, machinery, telecommunications and tourism.
SyNTHEMA www.synthema.it Tampa Bay Translations, LLC www.tampabaytranslations.com Tamr Translations Limited www.tamr-translations.com Teknicats Technical Language Services, Inc. www.tls-translations.com Technolex Translation Studio Who can use a CAT tool better than a cat? Web: www.technolex-translations.com, E-mail: [email protected] Zdolbunivska 5A office 18, Kiev 02081, Ukraine +38-(044)-501-32-83
TechWord www.techword.fr Techworld Language Solutions www.techworldinc.com Teknik Translation Agency www.tekniktranslation.com Welcome to the world of See our ad on this page vigilant, ambitious and quality-oriented cats! www.metaphraseis.com Teletranslations •Experts in IT, Engineering, Automotive and Medical Translations TELTAI www.teltai.com •Reliable Service and Responsiveness •Experienced in various CAT tools Terralíngua www.terralingua.com.br Teknik Translation Agency TetraLingua Fachübersetzungen www.tetralingua.de Your Turkish Localization Partner Texto Ltd. — Translation & Publishing www.texto.gr/en [email protected] Telephone: +90 232 489 89 43 TextPartner www.textpartner.com +90 555 482 26 11 www.tekniktranslation.com The Language Center www.thelanguagectr.com
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trAnslAtion services cont. translate plus www.translateplus.com Wessex Translations Limited www.wt-lm.com Translation Cloud www.translation-services-usa.com Wolfestone Translation Ltd www.wolfestone.co.uk Translation Management Ltd www.translationmanagement.com Wordbook.nl http://wordbook.nl Translation World www.translationworld.org WordExpress www.wordexpress.net Translations.CA www.translations.ca WordFactory www.wordfactory.nl TranslationSmart, Inc. www.translationsmart.com Wordlink Traduções www.wordlink.com.br Translator Scandinavia AB www.translator-scandinavia.com WordPilots www.wordpilots.com See our ad on page 20 Translatum Oy www.translatum.fi World Language Communications Translavic Polska Sp. z o.o. www.translavic.eu www.worldlanguagecommunications.com
Translingua, Inc. www.translingua.com Wratislavia Translation House Sp. z o.o. www.wth.pl
TransLink Translations www.trans-link.com Xlated Ltd. www.xlated.com Transloc www.transloc.lv See our ad on page 19 TransLogic www.translogic.no Yamagata Europe www.yamagata-europe.com TransPerfect www.transperfect.com Yan Translation www.yantrans.com TransSoft www.transsoft.pl Your Spanish Translations, Inc www.yourspanishtranslation.com TripleInk www.tripleink.com YourCulture www.yourculture.co.uk See our ad on page 21 YYZ Translations www.yyztranslations.com TRSB www.trsb.com Turkish Translations www.turkishtranslations.org TurkishEnglish.com http://turkishenglish.com/en Turklingua Turkish Translation Services www.turklingua.com TW Languages www.twlanguages.com
Ushuaia Solutions www.ushuaiasolutions.com See our ad on this page Vancouver Technical Translation www.vancouvertechnicaltranslation.com
Veritas Language Solutions Ltd www.veritaslanguagesolutions.com
Versalia Traducción, S.L. http://traductorjurado.com
Versatile Translation Services Inc. www.versatile.ab.ca
Vertext s.a.r.l. www.vertext.fr Verztec Consulting www.verztec.com Viya Translations www.viyadil.com Washington Translation Bureau www.watransbureau.com Ways With Words Translation Services Ltd www.ways-with-words.com
Webdunia www.webdunia.net
WERPRO Language Consulting & Translation www.werpro.com
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trAnslAtion services cont. trAnslAtion tools cont. zappmedia GmbH www.zappmedia.com SYSTRAN www.systransoft.com See our ad on page 8 ZELENKA Czech Republic Ltd. www.zelenka-translations.com Tilti Systems GmbH www.tilti.com Zinacle www.zinacle.com Wordfast www.wordfast.com trAnslAtion tools XTM International www.xtm-intl.com See our ad on page 24 ATRIL www.atril.com voiceovers Change Tracker www.change-tracker.com Binari Sonori S.r.l. www.binarisonori.com CoDesCo www.codesco.com See our ad on page 22
ECM engineering www.sysfilter.de Bromberg & Associates, LLC http://brombergtranslations.com EverTran Co., Ltd. www.visualtran.com Day Talent www.daytalent.com Fluency www.westernstandard.com GoLocalise Ltd www.golocalise.com Global Lingo www.global-lingo.com Graffitti Studio www.graffittistudio.com Integrated Wave Technologies, Inc. www.miltrans.com Networks srl www.networks-go.net Jaw Jaw Graphic Training Aids http://jawjawcard.param.mobi NRG Productions www.nrgproductions.gr JiveFusion Technologies Inc. www.jivefusiontech.com Omni Intercommunications, Inc. www.omni-inter.com Kilgray Translation Technologies Oregon Translation, LLC www.oregontranslation.com Web: http://kilgray.com E-mail: [email protected] Pink Noise www.pinknoise.es Beke sugarut 72., H-5700 Gyula, Hungary 0036303839435 Polyglot Communications, Inc. www.polyglot.us.com Kilgray Translation Technologies is the world’s fastest growing pro- vider of computer-assisted translation tools. All products of Kilgray, such PrimeVoices SARL www.primevoices.com as memoQ, the memoQ server, qTerm and memoQWebTrans, are designed to facilitate, speed up and optimize the entire translation process. Rated #1 Victoria’s Voice — Professional US English Voiceovers by Common Sense Advisory among translation-centric TMS systems and http://vicsvoice.com used by thousands of translators, language service providers and enter- prises throughout the world, memoQ and other Kilgray tools are appreci- ated as premiere translation technologies. website globAlizAtion AJPR LLC www.ajpr.com Lingenio GmbH www.lingenio.de MadCap Software, Inc. Beluga Linguistics SL www.belugalinguistics.com Web: www.madcapsoftware.com eLocalize www.elocalize.net E-mail: [email protected] See our ads on pages 2, 10 7777 Fay Avenue, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA 858-320-0387, Toll-free: 888-623-2271, Fax: 858-320-0338 MarkTheGlobe www.marktheglobe.com MadCap Lingo is a translation management tool designed to assist professional translators in the translation and localization process. Improve Net-Translators www.net-translators.com translation efficiency with a streamlined workflow using built-in transla- See our ads on pages 30, 71 tion memory technology (TMX support), detailed reporting capabilities and advanced translation features such as alignment, termbases and more. Webcliq www.cliqon.com Maxprograms www.maxprograms.com workflow solutions MetaTexis Software and Services www.metatexis.com MultiCorpora www.multicorpora.com See our ad on page 11 MultiCorpora www.multicorpora.com See our ad on page 11 Plunet GmbH www.plunet.com See our ad on page 24 Prompsit Language Engineering, S.L. www.prompsit.com STAR Group www.star-group.net Safaba Translation Solutions www.safaba.com See our ad on page 11 SDL Language Technologies www.translationzone.com Wordbee www.wordbee.com See our ads on pages 3, 20 See our ad on page 24
34 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
8-34 Resource Directory #133a.indd 34 1/10/13 11:54 AM 35 EQHO #133a.indd 35 1/10/13 11:53 AM Ten essential research findings for 2013 Rebecca Ray
he latest research from Common Sense corresponds to one-third of the total market. With hundreds of Advisory shows that the language subsectors to serve, companies with an established offering for services market is recession-resistant manufacturers, as well as those new to the vertical, can carve out significant sources of revenue from manufacturing. and fast growing in most regions, The number of required languages continues to climb with high profit margins. However, The average number of languages required by customers competitive pressure is fierce. Here are is rising. Global success now means reaching customers who Tsome of the most significant research findings to speak languages such as Arabic, Russian and Brazilian Portu- bear in mind as language service providers (LSPs) guese. Based on our annual review of 2,409 global websites, prepare for the year ahead. the world’s most prominent websites now have content in 15 languages. Our research also shows that it takes 12 languages Fortune 500 companies that invest in translation report to reach 80% of the world’s online audience and 21 languages higher revenue. In spite of economic uncertainty, most Fortune to reach 90%. 500 companies that we surveyed in 2012 increased their spend Per-word prices for translation are on the decline on translation. Businesses that did so were 1.5 times more likely Despite the fact that translation demand is going up, our than their peers to report an increase in total revenue. They survey in 2012 of more than 3,700 LSPs and freelancers for 222 reported customer service, branding and market share as their language pairs showed that pricing is heading down. The aver- top drivers for translation. age per-word price for translation into and from the 30 most The market is big — and getting bigger commonly used languages on the web has fallen over 30% since Our latest global market study demonstrated that the global 2010. At the same time, we also found that some of the most market for outsourced language services and technology was popular individual language pairs, such as Spanish to English, worth $33.52 billion in 2012. It is currently growing at an have increased in price. annual rate of more than 12%. However, for LSPs to harness The majority of translated content is new this growth, they must understand which services are growing One of our recent studies found that 59% of content is brand and where. The fastest-growing services include transcreation, new and does not benefit from translation memory software. internationalization and telephone interpreting. North America This means that approximately 40% of content destined for has cut its spending, while Asia has gained significant ground, translation takes advantage of previous translations, but the and Western and Northern Europe remain strong. majority of content is still being translated from scratch. Manufacturing represents the largest single vertical Translation productivity increases As one of our recent reports revealed, the manufacturing have remained flat over the last decade market was estimated at more than $11 billion in 2012, which There is a massive content backlog, but translation produc- tivity rates have not risen to meet it. The longstanding industry benchmark for translator output is 2,500 words per day. One of Common Sense Advisory’s recent reports, “Translation Future Rebecca Ray is a senior analyst at Common Sense Advisory, an independent Massachusetts-based Shock,” revealed that individual translators on average now pro- market research firm that helps companies profitably duce 2,684 words per day, while the average LSP reports a daily grow their international businesses and gain access output of 43,546 words. The typical LSP processes 5,728 words to new markets and new customers. per hour, and the typical freelancer 443 words.
36 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
36-37 CSA LangServTop10.indd 36 1/10/13 11:54 AM Machine translation (MT) is now a mainstream activity MT usage has increased to the point that it is now considered a regular com- ponent of the language service toolbox on both the demand and supply sides of the industry. In a survey that we conducted in 2012 with 438 respondents, more than half of the freelancer participants (55%) said they had used MT, while 44% of LSPs had done so. Rather than decreasing the demand for high-quality human transla- tion, the widespread availability of online MT appears to be acting as a catalyst to generate more demand. TEP is on its way out Our latest research shows that trans- late-edit-proof (TEP) is no longer a main- stream process for providers, as pressure builds to deliver translated products and services faster with more frequent updates to local markets. This change has had a downward effect on price per word as more suppliers now quote linguistic veri- fication as a service separately from the original translation. Just 42.5% of LSPs and freelancers reported including proof- reading in their rates, and only 33.7% bundled editing into their pricing. Translation has important ramifications for the world at large Those who work in translation may not always stop to think about the fact The top ten global industries for language services. Source: Common Sense Advisory that translation can save people’s lives, improve political inclusion and prevent critical for the public health, political would have a positive impact on collec- violent conflict. A study that we con- stability and social well-being of African tive health, and 63% believed that such ducted in 2012 for Translators without nations. These two findings say it all: access could have prevented the death Borders, “The Need for Translation in nearly 95% of respondents reported that of someone in their family or circle of Africa,” confirmed that translation is greater access to translated information friends. M
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38 Smartling #133a.indd 38 1/10/13 11:55 AM Localization standards Reader David Filip
his Reader does not purport to address Owner: IETF. everything around standards. Instead, IPR Mode: RAND. it looks at standards that affect multi- Current version and work in progress: RFC 5646 was lingual transformations of content and released for unlimited distribution in September 2009. BCP 47 at technical standards targeting actual is a persistent name that always points to the latest release, no matter what the current RFC number. BCP 47 itself is stable, technical interoperability. which is important for backwards compatibility. New tags are TBCP 14 (also known as RFC 2119) being continuously registered via registration authorities speci- Short Description: BCP stands for Best Current Practice. BCP fied in the standard. Most current developments are connected 14 defines the standardization specific meaning of normative to BCP 47 extensions. keywords such as must, must not, optional, required, recom- BCP 47 Extension T: Transformed Content mended and so on. RFC stands for Request for Comments, and Short Description: Extension T is possible via the exten- these are numbered sequentially. RFC 2119 is the most common sibility mechanism defined in BCP 47 (RFC 5646) itself. normative reference in other specifications throughout infor- Extension T has normative status within the Unicode Con- mation technology standardization bodies. Localization-related sortium, as it is being maintained as part of CLDR (see next standards such as ITS and XLIFF are using the BCP 14 key- page), which is its major normative deliverable. This exten- words to make their normative statements that create the basis sion allows for additional tags specifying from which other of conformance statements, testing and verification. language, locale or script the content at hand had been Owner: Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), a nonmem- transformed. Extension T is not recommended for usage in bership standardization body. Contributors are individuals who structured environments such as XML, where this type of implicitly commit themselves by contributing without signing metadata can be specified using markup solutions rather any formal contract. IETF creates internet-related technical than a single text field. Note that Extension T is appending standards, protocols, processes and non-normative informa- the information about the originating language or locale tional content. IETF is backed by the Internet Society. with a leading “t,” which means that the BCP tag starts Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Mode: Reasonable and with the target locale and the source locale is appended. Non-Discriminatory (RAND), an IPR mode that allows owners This makes sense given the structure of BCP 47 tags, but charging for use of essential patents, provided that the charge may be perceived as contrary to the customary listing order is “reasonable” and “non-discriminatory.” of source and target languages, so “EN-t-IT,” for example, Current version and work in progress: BCP 14 was released actually means that the tagged content is English but was for unlimited distribution in March 1997. It is extremely unde- transformed from Italian, not the other way around. sirable to change this because so many normative texts across Owner: IETF, Unicode Consortium. IETF, W3C, OASIS and so on depend on the meaning of the IPR Mode: RAND. normative keywords as set out here. BCP 47: Tags for Identifying Languages David Filip is the liaison officer, secretary and editor Short Description: BCP 47 is a normative IETF track that of the XLIFF technical committee; cochair of W3C compiles recommendations on how to create a unique language MultilingualWeb-LT; XLIFF liaison at ULI; tag from codes defined in several other normative sources, and TAUS Standards Advisory Board member. This including ISO codes. It is frequently referenced by OASIS, Uni- Reader represents his expert opinion and does not code and W3C standards. represent the position of any standardization body.
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39-42 Filip #133a.indd 39 1/10/13 11:56 AM Current version and work in progress: Informational RFC IPR Mode: Royalty Free (RF), an IPR mode that mandates 6497, published in February 2012. Extension T is regularly and guarantees royalty free use of essential patents in order to maintained as part of the CLDR release cycle. implement a standard. BCP 47 Extension U: Unicode Locale Extension for BCP 47 Current version and work in progress: The current version Short Description: Extension U is possible via the extensi- is 1.0. The new major version 2.0 has been in the last call stage bility mechanism defined in BCP 47 (RFC 5646) itself. It has in W3C since December 6, 2012, which means that stakehold- normative status within the Unicode Consortium as it is being ers from the public can comment and ask the Working Group maintained as part of CLDR. to make changes. The MultilingualWeb-LT Working Group has Owner: IETF, Unicode Consortium. been chartered until the end of 2013, and accordingly ITS 2.0 IPR Mode: RAND. is scheduled to become W3C Recommendation (the final W3C Current version and work in progress: Informational RFC standard) by the end of 2013. A task force of joint members of 6067 was published in December 2010 and is maintained by the MultilingualWeb-LT and the XLIFF technical committee (TC) is Unicode Consortium as part of CLDR. Extension U is regularly working on a best practice for ITS 2.0 to XLIFF 1.2 and XLIFF maintained as part of the CLDR release cycle. 2.0 mapping. ITS 2.0 module and profile support is planned for CLDR XLIFF 2.1. Short Description: Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Open Lexicon Interchange Format (OLIF) http://cldr.unicode.org, is a standard repository of international- Short Description: OLIF is a stable and relatively widely used ization building blocks, such as date, time and currency formats, lexicon interchange format. It has a rich metadata structure and sorting (collation) rules and so on. CLDR is not a standard in a allows for the exchange of complex lexicon entries for various classical sense. It is, as the name suggests, a repository that is purposes, such as terminology management and MT. OLIF had being constantly updated and released on a rolling basis follow- been designed for use in both monolingual and multilingual ing its data release process. context via cross-linking of “mono” elements. Owner: Unicode Consortium. Owner: OLIF Consortium, an ad hoc industry consortium IPR Mode: RAND. driven by SAP and set up in 2000. Current version and work in progress: 22.1 was released IPR Mode: Unclear. The specifications and schemas are avail- on October 26, 2012. Version 23 is to be released on March 15, able for free, but no IPR mode seems to have been specified. 2013. The submission period for version 24 will start on Febru- Current version and work in progress: Version 2.1 is cur- ary 1, 2013 and its release is currently planned for September rent. Version 3 has been in Beta since 2008; no current work 15, 2013. seems to be under way. Internationalization Tag Set (ITS) TermBase eXchange (TBX) Short Description: ITS 1.0 contains definitions of seven meta- Short Description: TBX is a family of XML-based terminol- data categories primarily designed for internationalization of ogy markup languages that should allow for lossless exchange XML content. As abstract data categories, ITS can also be imple- of terminology-related data and metadata. One of the more mented in non-XML environments. ITS 2.0 normatively specifies lightweight versions known as TBX Basic is translation oriented, usage of old and new ITS data categories for XML and HTML 5 and should readily facilitate terminology exchange during the content. The current ITS1.0 data categories are Translate (flag); translation process. However, TBX can be considered techni- Localization Note (for alerts, hints, instructions); Terminology (to cally incomplete as it does not provide its own XML schema that identify terms and optionally provide pointers); Directionality could be used for validation. Moreover, TBX has been criticized (manages left to right/right to left display behaviors of content for industry disconnect, for being too heavy on one hand and portions); Ruby (for East Asian specific annotations), Language being too restrictive and not very well suitable for MT training (Identifier); and Elements within Text (to encode segmentation). on the other. One of the reasons might be that TBX is supposed Several new data categories have been specified for 2.0. to be a representation and exchange format for terminology, Owners of ITS decorated content want their internationaliza- but it has been struggling to define a minimum set of terminol- tion and localization related metadata to inform the roundtrip ogy metadata suitable for practical interchange in localization and return in a meaningfully processed state that allows for context. drilling down into the process and for reconstructing the audit Owner: ETSI ISG LIS, an industry specification group that trail. Localization workflow managers should pay attention to was formed in the spring of 2011 within ETSI to take over the information flows directed by the ITS data categories introduced LISA OSCAR standards portfolio, including related LISA intel- by their customers up in the tool chain. lectual property. ISO TC 37 was a copublisher with LISA. Owner: MultilingualWeb-LT Working Group. The World Wide IPR Mode: RF in the LISA published versions; Fair, Reason- Web Consortium (W3C) ITS Interest Group has been the informal able and Non-Discriminatory (FRAND) within ETSI; and RAND maintainer of ITS 1.0 after the original Working Group mandate within ISO. expired. However, it has never been entitled to make normative Current version and work in progress: 2.0, ISO 30042:2008 changes to the specification. A new Working Group had to be is the current version. Based on a published executive summary formed to commence work on the successor standard. from November 2011, ETSI ISG LIS scheduled common work on
40 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
39-42 Filip #133a.indd 40 1/10/13 11:56 AM the standard in a joint meeting with ISO TC 37 in Madrid in June for March 2012. This meeting happened behind closed doors. 2012. Preparation of a liaison and copublication plan should be There are or should be dependencies with ULI, the Unicode in progress within ETSI ISG LIS. According to insiders, a Memo- Localization Interoperability TC — see UAX #29. randum of Understanding was not formulated in Madrid. Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm (UAX #9) Translation Memory eXchange (TMX) Short Description: Default text flow of Arabic and Hebrew Short Description: TMX has been arguably the most important scripts is right to left. However, text written in these scripts and most widely implemented localization standard format. TMX often contains portions with left-to-right directionality, such as is a simple XML vocabulary that was designed to preserve lossless names of companies or products. That is why such text is called translation memory (TM) exchange. However, several obstacles bidirectional (bidi). Many characters have strong directionality prevented TMX from reaching the set goal. Level 1 implemen- properties, but there are also characters with weak directionality tations are too low a common denominator to actually secure behavior and neutral characters whose directionality depends on lossless interoperability, because of segmentation differences (that context. In practice, normally invisible control characters (mark- should in theory be addressed by SRX) and because of absence of ers) need to be used in order to encode bidi in plain text. Simply inline markup on level 1. Level 2 stipulates lossless exchange of said, UAX #9 is a detailed normative account of Unicode bidi native inline codes that are however ignored by many tools and behavior (mainly) in plain text. encoded as abstract placeholders. TMX is now far behind industry In theory, the characters that the Unicode Bidirectional Algo- developments, but it will continue to be important for some time rithm makes use of to explicitly set text flow direction should as a legacy format, mainly for collecting MT training corpora not be used within markup context. Instead, the bidirectional from legacy tools and repositories. flow control characters should be replaced with appropriate Owner: ETSI ISG LIS. markup controlling the text flow. In practice, many tools ignore IPR Mode: RF in the LISA published versions, and FRAND. directionality markup and apply UAX #9 in full (including the Current version and work in progress: 1.4b is the cur- control characters) even in structured and markup environments. rent version. Based on the published executive summary from Owner: Unicode Consortium. November 2011, ETSI ISG LIS wishes to coordinate TMX 2.0 IPR Mode: RAND. development with XLIFF 2.0 definition of inline markup codes. Current version and work in progress: Revision 27 was Segmentation Rules eXchange (SRX) released on September 10, 2012. UAX #9 is being constantly Short Description: SRX is an XML vocabulary that facilitates revised to be up to date with the Current Unicode release, and the exchange of segmentation rules between TMX compliant www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/ links to the current official version. systems. SRX’s relationship to Unicode is not a transparent one, Unicode Text Segmentation (UAX #29) and SRX can be considered incomplete from the engineering Short Description: Unicode Standard Annexes (UAX) are point of view. However, its proclaimed goal was not to provide a persistent names that always point to the actual revision num- set of segmentation rules for a number of languages, but rather ber. UAX #29 is the key normative source of segmentation rules. to provide a mechanism to exchange the rules to improve TMX Apart from sentence boundaries, which are most relevant for interoperability. TMX often fails to guarantee its targeted loss- computer-aided translation tools interoperability, it defines more less transfer of TM data due to segmentation differences, chief basic grapheme cluster and word boundaries. The segmentation among other issues. The current SRX incarnation works on a rules are given in more or less natural language as an inductive closed world assumption, meaning it recreates (and adapts) UAX succession of rules. The specification states itself that the same #29 rules. UAX #29 is referenced and its study encouraged but set of rules can be given using regular expressions. Unfortu- the relationship is currently not a maintainable linkage. Based on nately, no finite set of regular expression-based rules can ensure latest news from ETSI ISG LIS insiders, the developments of SRX 100% successful sentence segmentation of English text, the main in 2012 have not led closer to UAX #29 linkage. reason being the semantic ambiguity of the full stop. Apart from Interestingly, the SRX 1.0 specification contains an unin- closing sentences, the same character is being used for closing tended ambiguity on precedence and cascading language abbreviations, decimal points and so on. Interestingly, in Hebrew rules that lead to differing and (as a result) noninteroperable this problem virtually does not exist, as Hebrew does not over- implementations in computer-aided translation tools. SRX 2.0 load the full stop with abbreviation function. resolves this issue by controlling it as an option. Although UAX #29 cannot possibly achieve completeness, it Owner: ETSI ISG LIS and ISO TC 37/SC 4. The status of co- is still beneficial to implement it as the basic set of rules, and ownership is unclear, as there was no joint publication up to date apply more fine-grained exception rules on top of it. The UAX either with LISA or with ETSI ISG LIS, and also no memorandum #29 default behavior should be improved hopefully within 2013 of understanding between the groups has been published so far. as a result of the ULI TC effort. IPR Mode: FRAND. Owner: Unicode Consortium. Current version and work in progress: Version 2.0 was IPR Mode: RAND. released by LISA OSCAR on April 7, 2008, and copublication Current version and work in progress: Revision 21 was with ISO is pending. Based on the published executive summary released for Unicode 6.2.0 on September 12, 2012. Some of from November 2011, ETSI ISG LIS scheduled an SRX meeting the future versions in 2013 could be updated as a result of ULI
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39-42 Filip #133a.indd 41 1/10/13 11:56 AM reviewing sentence boundary rules in production environments Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML or UTS in several major languages. www.unicode.org/reports/tr29 always #35) links to the current official version. Short Description: This specifies an XML vocabulary for Unicode Standard encoding locale specific generic data categories — dates, amounts, Short Description: Unicode is the core standard that allows decimals, units of measure, currency symbols and so on. Its main humanity to encode all written human languages for computer purpose is to enable the creation and maintenance of CLDR but use. Thousands of characters covering alphabetic, syllabic and is also used directly in programming frameworks such as .NET. ideographic scripts are ordered in planes along with punctua- Owner: Unicode Consortium. tion, control and private use characters. The Unicode standard IPR Mode: RAND. has been published since October 1991 and reached its sixth Current version and work in progress: Version 22.1, Revi- major version in October 2010. sion 29, was released on October 18, 2012. Work is being done Owner: Unicode Consortium. on version 23, Revision 30, with collation related changes. IPR Mode: RAND. XLIFF Current version and work in progress: Unicode 6.2.0 is Short Description: XLIFF is an open bitext format standard current. Individual characters, character groups and whole new and a powerful expressive XML vocabulary that facilitates end- scripts continue to be added as per worldwide communities’ to-end localization process automation. Apart from core struc- requirements. A series of minor revisions is to be expected within tural elements, it has inline markup and segmentation encoding the next couple of years. www.unicode.org/versions/latest links mechanisms, allows for generic file skeleton inclusion or ref- to the current official version. erencing, fuzzy matching and glossary elements, project, tool, Unicode in XML and other Markup Languages (UTR #20) and status metadata. Arguably only core structural elements Short Description: Unicode Technical Reports (UTR) are persis- implementations are currently mature enough to facilitate plug tent names that always point to the actual revision. Unicode, as its and play interoperability among competing tools, but there is main target is plain text, contains many control, formatting and potential for widening the interoperable core and achieving other characters. This document gives a normative overview and next level of interoperability with the major 2.0 version that general guidelines of which characters should and should not be is the current work in progress in the XLIFF TC. XLIFF 2.0 is a used in markup context. In general, any Unicode character that is major localization standardization effort with wide and varied XML illegal or would require additional metadata for interpretation representation of the industry. should come with a markup handling/replacement recommenda- Owner: OASIS XLIFF TC. tion, or processing requirement. Authoring tools, XML editors IPR Mode: RF on RAND. and browsers are generally encouraged to ignore inappropriate or Current version and work in progress: Version 1.2 was pub- deprecated Unicode characters, so their preservation on crossing lished as an OASIS standard in February 2008. The 2.0. Com- of plain text/markup boundary will often lead to harmful loss of mittee Specification should be exposed for public review within data or metadata. In general, plain text is linear and requires spe- the first quarter of 2013. The current editor’s draft is available at cial control characters or specific application behavior to encode https://tools.oasis-open.org/version-control/browse/wsvn/xliff/ metadata and/or styling information that can be handled with trunk/xliff-20/xliff-core.pdf. structured mark-up in XML or HTML environments. xml:tm Owner: Unicode Consortium and W3C (Internationalization Short Description: xml:tm is a namespace application, which Core Working Group). means it is not designed to form independent documents that IPR Mode: RAND (Unicode) and RF (W3C). could exist on its own. Instead, it is designed to be injected as Current version and work in progress: Revision 8 (Unicode) a relatively heavy explicit internationalization apparatus into was released as a W3C Working Group Note on May 16, 2007. any well-formed XML document containing human readable It will need to be republished for HTML 5, most probably with language. Unfortunately, it is hardly possible to call this specifi- minor changes. cation a standard due to a very low number of implementations Unicode Regular Expressions (UTS #18) — two, to be exact. The standard is being pushed by only one Short Description: Unicode Technical Standards (UTS) are per- company without wider industry consensus. It was developed by sistent names that always point to the actual revision. UTS #18 XTM’s Andrzej Zydroń and donated to LISA, which published gives general guidelines for regular expression engines how to it as an OSCAR standard in early 2007. Its failure to become an comply with Unicode standard. Three levels are specified, of which actual standard should be a memento of the importance of broad two are default (one the minimum feasible for programmers, the consensus building while creating industry standards. other more end-user friendly) and the finest is language specific. Owner: ETSI ISG LIS. Owner: Unicode Consortium. IPR Mode: RF in LISA published versions and FRAND. IPR Mode: RAND. Current version and work in progress: Zydroń has exposed Current version and work in progress: Revision 15 was the 2.0 version for public comment on XTM International’s web released on July 17, 2012. www.unicode.org/reports/tr18 always page. Its ETSI status is unclear from publicly available sources. The points to the current official version. last version by LISA, 1.0, was released on February 26, 2007. M
42 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
39-42 Filip #133a.indd 42 1/10/13 11:56 AM October 6-8, 2010 10-12 April 2013, Shangri-La Hotel, Singapore
12-14 June 2013, Hotel Novotel London West, London
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43 LOC World #133a.indd 43 1/10/13 11:57 AM Index: Issues 125-132 animation A “Adobe Flash localization”: Manish Kanwal and Akulaa Agarwal, ABBYY USA, acquires Connective Language Services, 131: 7 131: 56–60 ABC Language Solutions, Inc., adds interpretation-by-phone service, 128: 11 Ann, Catherine, 132: 10 Abreu, Litícia, 125: 9 “Anticipating the EU medical device e-labeling opportunity”: Kristen Abreu, Nathalia, 132: 10 Giovanis, 130: 47–48 Accenture AnyCount v8.0, 130: 10 “Industrializing the translation process”: Lori Thicke, 130: 22–23 Anzu Global LLC, recent industry hires: Jeanne Sharpe, 132: 10 Liegard, Michel-Etienne, interview with, 130: 22-23 App Review Translator, 132: 9 ACCEPT, research project launched, 126: 7 Applied Language Solutions, Capita Group buys, 126: 6 Accessible Translation Solutions, recent industry hires: Meryem Arabic Language Services, renamed, 127: 8 Errouiam, 130: 8 Arancho Doc S.r.l. Acclaro Inc. Linguapool acquired by, 131: 6 recent industry hires Munich location, 127: 8 Ian Barrow, 127: 9 recent industry hires Jared Prichard, 131: 7 Danilo Monaco, 132: 10 ACCURAT, 125: 30 Lea Backhurst, 131: 7 Acrolinx GmbH Argo Translation, Inc., ArgoMT, 126: 8 ACCEPT research project launched, 126: 7 ArgoMT, 126: 8 Acrolinx 2.9, 131: 8 Argos Translations Sp z o.o., recent industry hires: Rocio Cava, 125: 9 Acrolinx 2.10, 132: 9 Asadzadeh, Mehdi, and Afaf Steiert: “Adaptation in translation,” 127: 56 opens new US headquarters in Denver, 130: 9 Asia Online Pte Ltd. recent industry hires: PG Bartlett, 130: 9 and Janus collaborate, 126: 8 Across Systems GmbH and VistaTEC partner, 127: 10 Across Language Server 3.5, 130: 9 associations, organizations and institutions. See opens special business unit, 125: 8 Centre for Next Generation Localisation (CNGL) “Adaptation in translation”: Mehdi Asadzadeh and Afaf Steiert, 127: 56 Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz (DFKI) Adaptive Globalization Ltd, opens Berlin office, 131: 6 European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Adhikari, Sébastien, 127: 46 Globalization and Localization Association (GALA) Admerix, updates website, 126: 6 International Medical Interpreters Association (IMIA) “Adobe Flash localization”: Manish Kanwal and Akulaa Agarwal, 131: Localisation Research Centre (LRC) 56–60 Localization Industry Standards Association (LISA) Advanced International Translations Localization/Translation and Authoring Consortium (LTAC) AnyCount v8.0, 130: 10 Organization for Advancement of Structured Information Standards Projetex 9.1, 127: 10 (OASIS) Advanced Language Translation, Inc., opens office in New England, 126: 6 TAUS Data Association (TDA) Advanced Localization Services, Arabic Language Services renamed, 127: 8 Translators without Borders (TWB) Afaf Translations, GSA contract, 128: 12 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Affordable Language Services, recent industry hires: Brittany Winner, Atelier Convivialité, WTIpress, 125: 9 Corinne Beiersdorfer Grandle, 131: 7 ATRIL, TEAMserver 2, 129: 9 Africa ATRIL/PowerLing “Innovating in local languages for Africa”: Lori Thicke, 126: 14–17 Déjà Vu X2 updated, 129: 10 “Out of Africa”: Terena Bell, 131: 14–15 Machine Translation Module, 130: 10 Agarwal, Akulaa. See Kanwal, Manish, and Akulaa Agarwal partners with Plunet, 129: 10 Agora, Aldior, 130: 8 Author-it Software Corporation, Author-it Cloud, 126: 8 Ait Ali, Yasmina, 127: 48 “The automated interpreter”: Hassan Sawaf and Jonathan Litchman, 125: Akorbi Language Consulting, new Akorbi services address health care 22–24 reform, 129: 9 automatic speech recognition (ASR) Albaglobal Ltd., recent industry hires: Aldior Agora, 130: 8 “The automated interpreter”: Hassan Sawaf and Jonathan Litchman, “Alchemy CATALYST 10”: reviewed by Thomas Waßmer, 130: 12–17 125: 22–24 Alghamdi, Mansour, Mohamed Alkanhal and Faisal Alshuwaier: “Automating Intel’s multilingual chat”: Lori Thicke, 125: 14–16 “Language technology in Saudi Arabia,” 132: 29–33 “Automating Toshiba user documentation”: Patrik Indola, 129: 39–40 Alkanhal, Mohamed. See Alghamdi, Mansour, Mohamed Alkanhal and “Avoiding choice overload”: Terena Bell, 129: 18–19 Faisal Alshuwaier Azoubel, Mariel, 130: 8 Almost Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Translation, 129: 9 Aziz, Wilker: PET: Post-Editing Tool, 130: 10 Alshuwaier, Faisal. See Alghamdi, Mansour, Mohamed Alkanhal and Faisal Alshuwaier B alternative media Babel No More, Michael Erard: reviewed by Nataly Kelly, 127: 12–13 “Localizing brand names”: Talia Baruch, 128: 40, 42 Backhurst, Lea, 131: 7 Amglish in, Like, Ten Easy Lessons: A Celebration of the New World Lingo, Banks, Thomas: Capti, review, 126: 12–13 Arthur E. Rowse: reviewed by Deborah Schaffer, 128: 17–19 Baraona, Hector, 127: 9 Andrä AG Barreau, Jacques: “Language dubbing for emerging markets,” 131: 21–24 recent industry hires Barrow, Ian, 127: 9 Ben Cornelius, 126: 6 Bartle, Richard, 128: 26 Jella Eifler, 131: 7 Bartlett, PG, 130: 9 Oliver Collmann, 125: 9 Baruch, Talia Andriesen, Simon: “Training health translators from scratch,” 130: 28–31 “Crafting a request for proposal,” 129: 36–38
44 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
44-56 Index #133a.indd 44 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 “Localizing brand names,” 128: 40, 42 “Gender bias and project management”: Hannah Berthelot, 132: 45–48 “Localizing worldwide mobile apps,” 125: 44–46 “A global web presence so healthy . . . it shines?”: Nataly Kelly, 129: Basic terminology, 126: 49–50; 127: 57–58; 128: 49–50; 129: 49–50; 24–27 130: 49–50; 131: 61–62; 132: 49–50 “How the Occupy movement affects language business”: Terena Bell, Basis Technology Corp., establishes European headquarters, 128: 9 128: 22–23 Bass, Scott, 129: 20 “Localizing e-learning for emerging economies”: Andrea Bateman, Ben: “Localizing the whole living story,” 128: 32–34 Edmundson, 131: 34–36 Beare, Mark, 125: 50 “Managing a translator database”: Daniel B. Harcz, 125: 58 Becker, Benjawan Poomsan: The Interpreter’s Journal, reviewed by Nancy “Marketing in Latin America under budget constraints”: Karen A. Locke, 125: 12–13 Netto, 129: 20–23 Bell, Terena, 132: 47 “The rise of CIVETS economies”: Gary Muddyman, 131: 30–33 “Avoiding choice overload,” 129: 18–19 “Six tips for market entry success in the Middle East”: Rebecca Ray, “Better business through transparency,” 130: 26–27 132: 24 “Green translations,” 127: 23–25 “Ten essential steps to TMS selection for LSPs”: Benjamin B. Sargent “How the Occupy movement affects language business,” 128: 22–23 and Vijayalaxmi Hegde, 125: 35–40 “Out of Africa,” 131: 14–15 Bynum, Justin, 132: 10 “Tapping into the macrotrends,” 126: 22–23 Byte Level Research, Web Globalization Report Card, 126: 7 “Untangling the deemed export mess,” 132: 16–17 Bellos, David: Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, reviewed by Nancy A. Locke, C 126: 10–11 Calilhanna, Marianne, 127: 9 Beninatto, Renato, 125: 9 Cambridge University Press, publishes book on global e-business, 126: 7 Benterki, Ouafa, 132: 27 Canadian Translators, Terminologists and Interpreters Council, new Benyacar, Ludmila Lococo, 126: 6 educational website for language professionals, 126: 7 Berard, Stephani: Capti, reviewed by Thomas Banks, 126: 12–13 Cantournet, Genséric, 129: 6 Bernal-Merino, Miguel Á., 128: 9 Capti, Stephani Berard: reviewed by Thomas Banks, 126: 12–13 Berthelot, Hannah: “Gender bias and project management,” 132: 45–48 Cárdenas, Michael “Better business through transparency”: Terena Bell, 130: 26–27 “HP travels toward machine translation,” 127: 7 “Biblically speaking”: John Freivalds, 126: 20–21 “Taking back your clients,” 128: 58 Bishop, Robert, 130: 8 Carrasco-Benitez, Tomas, 129: 47 Blau, Adam, 126: 6 Carter, Christopher S. Boehme, Ulrich, 126: 6 “Emerging new markets,” 131: 25–28 Boffin Technologies Ltd., recent industry hires: Richard Shi, 127: 9 “Gamification is serious business,” 128: 24–27 Bonet, Josep, 129: 47 Castro, A. Dwight, letter to editor, 131: 6 Botkin, Katie: MOX: Illustrated Guide to Freelance Translation, review, Cava, Rocio, 125: 9 131: 10–11 Cavalitto, Enrique: “The translation center behind Translators without Branca, Fabio: “Cultural awareness and userization in Latin America,” Borders,” 125: 31–34 129: 32–35 Ccaps Translation and Localization branding, global Kontax news service translated by industry companies, 126: 8 “Cultural awareness and userization in Latin America”: Fabio redesigns website, logo, 126: 6 Branca, 129: 32–35 Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) “Localizing brand names”: Talia Baruch, 128: 40, 42 “Challenges to CEE economies”: Thomas Patrick Gilmartin, 126: 24–29 “Social media’s place in global online strategy”: Benjamin B. “Life sciences: Localization into Russian and Ukrainian”: Andrey Sargent, 128: 41 Ruban and Iryna Pigovska, 126: 40–42 Brändle, Diana, letter to editor, 129: 7 “LSPs in Central and Eastern Europe”: Rebecca Ray, 126: 47 Brandon, Laura, 132: 10 “Regulatory translations in CEE”: Libor Safar, 126: 44–46 Braselman, Jim, 131: 7 “Translating the Baltic languages”: Asta Rusakavičienė and Rasa BRIC, 131: 25, 34 Kriaučionytė, 126: 34–38 Bridgeline Digital, iAPPS v4.7, 125: 10 “Traversing the Eastern ‘block’ with translation tools”: Michal Brink, Julie: “Planning game-based learning,” 128: 35–38 Küfhaber and An Stuyven, 126: 30–33 Bromberg & Associates, LLC, recent industry hires: Kelsi Parenteau, 126: 6 Central Translations, TranslateMedia acquires, 125: 9 Brookes, Tim: “Documenting endangered alphabets,” 131: 16–20 Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Perso-Arabic Language Brown, Meta S.: “Cross-lingual text analytics: a new frontier in Suite, 129: 9 linguistics,” 125: 41–43 Centre for Next Generation Localisation (CNGL), 127: 32 “Building communities for collaborative translation”: Lori Thicke, 127: 20–22 commercialization fund project, 130: 8 Bujold, Alexandre, 127: 48 recent industry hires: Qun Liu, 132: 10 Bulloff, Jordan, 125: 9 Centrum Lokalizacji C&M Sp. z o.o. Burgett, Will, interview with, 125: 14–16 recent industry hires Burkinski, Pérsio, 129: 29 Sébastien Jottard, 129: 8 business Wiktoria Miller, 127: 9 “Automating Toshiba user documentation”: Patrik Indola, 129: 39–40 relocates headquarters, 131: 7 “Better business through transparency”: Terena Bell, 130: 26–27 Robotics Glossary, 129: 10 “Conveying a passion: Translating sports in Brazil”: Madalena Cesano, Carina, 130: 8 Sánchez Zampaulo, 129: 28–30 CETRA, Inc. “Crafting a request for proposal”: Talia Baruch, 129: 36–38 acquires International Language Solutions, 127: 8 “Crowdsourcing your localization testing”: Doron Reuveni, 125: 47–50 new San Diego location for, 131: 6 “Cultural awareness and userization in Latin America”: Fabio Service Centre in Ireland, 126: 6 Branca, 129: 32–35 “The challenge of outsourcing across cultures”: John Freivalds, 130: “Emerging new markets”: Christopher S. Carter, 131: 25–28 24–25
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44-56 Index #133a.indd 45 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 “Challenges to CEE economies”: Thomas Patrick Gilmartin, 126: 24–29 “The challenge of outsourcing across cultures”: John Freivalds, 130: 24–25 Chandler, Brian. See Melby, Alan, Brian Chandler and Arle Lommel “Comparative cultural values”: Kate Edwards, 125: 18–19 Cherokee syllabary, 125: 48, 131: 19 “Cultural awareness and userization in Latin America”: Fabio Chomsky, Noam, 132: 45 Branca, 129: 32–35 Choudhury, Rahzeb: “Interoperability and ubiquity,” 127: 42–45 “Cultural standards”: Kate Edwards, 127: 18–19 Christaki, Catherine, 128: 23 “Cyprus — a dividing issue”: Kate Edwards, 126: 18–19 CIVETS, 131: 30 “Dealing with regime change”: Kate Edwards, 132: 14–15 Clay Tablet Technologies, Sitecore Connector 3.5, 131: 8 “Depicting the Falklands/Malvinas”: Kate Edwards, 129: 14–15 CLDR. See Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR) “Fiji, first to greet the new year, brings linguistic diversity to Clear Words Translations, recent industry hires: Carina Casano, 130: 8 tourists,” 125: 7 “Cloud computing, SaaS and translation tools”: Andrzej Zydroń, 125: 20–21 “Hand gestures”: Kate Edwards, 130: 20–21 CloudLingual, 128: 12 “Inclusion and exclusion”: Kate Edwards, 131: 12–13 Cloudwords, Inc. The Interpreter’s Journal, Benjawan Poomsan Becker: reviewed GlobalEnglish selects, 125: 10 by Nancy A. Locke, 125: 12–13 glossary management and translation, 131: 8 “Localization lessons from intercultural mentoring”: Mimi Hills, CLS Communication AG, celebrates 15th year, 131: 8 132: 25–28 CNGL. See Centre for Next Generation Localisation (CNGL) “Out of Africa”: Terena Bell, 131: 14–15 Collmann, Oliver, 125: 9 “The spatialization of information”: Kate Edwards, 128: 20–21 Colón, Elizabeth: Found in Translation: How Language Shapes Our Lives “Understanding the orality of Arabic culture”: Khaled Islaih, 132: 18–20 and Transforms the World, review, 130: 18–19 CULTURETRANSLATE GmbH, Dublin office location, 130: 9 Colquhoun, Helen. See Safar, Libor, Helen Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill “Cyprus — a dividing issue”: Kate Edwards, 126: 18–19 Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), 127: 31 Common Sense Advisory, Inc. D and Translators without Borders study results, 129: 9 DADAN Translations, relocates headquarters, 132: 8 “How to Craft a Multilingual Web Strategy,” 125: 9 Darwish, Ali, 132: 22 report on centralizing language services, 126: 7 de Swaan, Abram, 132: 42 reports, 128: 10 “Dealing with regime change”: Kate Edwards, 132: 14–15 reports detail study on translation request for proposals, 131: 6 deemed export, 132: 16 research says 21 languages needed to reach 90% of online Déjà Vu X2, 129: 10 audiences, 130: 8 Dennett, Daniel C., 132: 45 TMS Live, 126: 7 DePalma, Donald A.: “Language technology standards should support translation pricing reports, 132: 8 entire supply chain,” 127: 40 “Comparative cultural values”: Kate Edwards, 125: 18–19 “Depicting the Falklands/Malvinas”: Kate Edwards, 129: 14–15 computer-assisted translation (CAT) Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz (DFKI), 127: 32 “Cloud computing, SaaS and translation tools”: Andrzej Zydroń, DFKI. See Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz (DFKI) 125: 20–21 Díaz, Daiana, 126: 6 conferences “Dilemmas of the diaspora”: John Freivalds, 129: 16–17 The Game Developer Conference (GDC) (March 5-9, 2012), 128: 8–9 Diskusija UAB, moves headquarters, 132: 8 Localization World Paris (4-6 June 2012), 129: 6 “Do-it-yourself MT”: Anna Simpkins, 129: 41–44 Localization World Seattle (October 17-19, 2012), 132: 6–7 “Documenting endangered alphabets”: Tim Brookes, 131: 16–20 Container Project, 129: 47 Dombek, Magdalena, 131: 51 content management system (CMS) Donaldson, Bob, 130: 26 “Linport addresses translation package compatibility”: Alan Melby, “XTRF 2.5,” review, 127: 14–17 Brian Chandler and Arle Lommel, 129: 39–44 Donato, Thiana, 129: 30 CONTRAD Doucet, Maude, 127: 47 adds voiceover service, 126: 8 Drobnik KG, Linguan, 125: 10 new look and move, 125: 8 Drummond, Ariana, 131: 7 “Conveying a passion: Translating sports in Brazil”: Madalena Sánchez dubbing Zampaulo, 129: 28–30 “Language dubbing for emerging markets”: Jacques Barreau, 131: 21–24 Cools, Rob: “Web vs. social web,” 126: 58 Duran, Christine, 132: 26 Copeland, Patrick, 125: 49 Durban, Chris, 129: 21 Cornelius, Ben, 126: 6 Côté, Fabien, 127: 48 E “Crafting a request for proposal”: Talia Baruch, 129: 36–38 e-labeling “Cross-lingual text analytics: a new frontier in linguistics”: Meta S. “Anticipating the EU medical device e-labeling opportunity”: Kristen Brown, 125: 41–43 Giovanis, 130: 47–48 “Crowdsourcing your localization testing”: Doron Reuveni, 125: 47–50 “Language requirements for EU medical device labels”: Libor Safar, Crystal Hues Limited, Kontax news service translated by industry Helen Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill, 130: 43–46 companies, 126: 8 e-learning Csikszentmihályi, Mihaly, 128: 25 “Localizing e-learning for emerging economies”: Andrea CSOFT International, Ltd. Edmundson, 131: 34–36 TermWiki Mobile for Android, 126: 7 Echo International, recent industry hires: Hector Baraona, 127: 9 TermWiki Pro, 125: 10 economics TermWiki Widget, TermWiki Mobile 2.0 for Android, 129: 9 “Challenges to CEE economies”: Thomas Patrick Gilmartin, 126: 24–29 “Cultural awareness and userization in Latin America”: Fabio Branca, eCPD Webinars, recent industry hires: Maia Figueroa, 129: 8 129: 32–35 Edmundson, Andrea: “Localizing e-learning for emerging economies,” “Cultural standards”: Kate Edwards, 127: 18–19 131: 34–36 culture Edwards, Kate, 128: 9, 132: 25
46 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
44-56 Index #133a.indd 46 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 “Comparative cultural values,” 125: 18–19 “The challenge of outsourcing across cultures,” 130: 24–25 “Cultural standards,” 127: 18–19 “Dilemmas of the diaspora,” 129: 16–17 “Cyprus — a dividing issue,” 126: 18–19 Freville, Jim, 130: 9 “Dealing with regime change,” 132: 14–15 “From desk to booth — TMs for interpreters”: Anja Rütten, 128: 43–48 “Depicting the Falklands/Malvinas,” 129: 14–15 “Hand gestures,” 130: 20–21 G “Inclusion and exclusion,” 131: 12–13 GALA. See Globalization and Localization Association (GALA) “The spatialization of information,” 128: 20–21 Galindo Publicidad, Inc., expands operations, 132: 8 Eifler, Jella, 131: 7 Gallo, Sofia, 131: 7 Elanex, Inc., expressIt, 129: 10 Game Developer Conference (GDC) Element Language Technology, TERRA TMS, 132: 9 “GDC 2012 (March 5-9) increases localization focus”: Aaron emerging markets Schliem, 128: 8–9 “Emerging new markets”: Christopher S. Carter, 131: 25–28 Gameloji, game localization, 128: 11 “Language dubbing for emerging markets”: Jacques Barreau, 131: 21–24 games “Localizing e-learning for emerging economies”: Andrea “Gamification is serious business”: Christopher S. Carter, 128: 24–27 Edmundson, 131: 34–36 “Localizing the whole living story”: Ben Bateman, 128: 32–34 “The rise of CIVETS economies”: Gary Muddyman, 131: 30–33 “Planning game-based learning”: Julie Brink, 128: 35–38 “Emerging new markets”: Christopher S. Carter, 131: 25–28 “Tips on audio localization: synthetic vs. real voices”: Ben Warren, endangered alphabets 128: 28–31 “Documenting endangered alphabets”: Tim Brookes, 131: 16–20 “Gamification is serious business”: Christopher S. Carter, 128: 24–27 Enfield, N.J., 132: 45 Ganz, Daniel, 129: 8 ENLASO Corporation, partners with Internationalization Labs, 125: 10 Garibay, Griselda, 125: 33 Enterprise Innovators Gaulon-Brain, Julien, 128: 10 “Automating Intel’s multilingual chat”: Lori Thicke, 125: 14–16 Gauthier, François: Objectif clients: Un guide pour traducteurs et autres “Building communities for collaborative translation”: Lori Thicke, travailleurs autonomes du domaine langagier, reviewed by Nancy 127: 20–22 A. Locke, 129: 12–13 “Industrializing the translation process”: Lori Thicke, 130: 22–23 GDC. See Game Developer Conference (GDC) “Innovating in local languages for Africa”: Lori Thicke, 126: 14–17 “GDC 2012 (March 5-9) increases localization focus”: Aaron Schliem, “Twitter’s 400,000 Translators”: Lori Thicke, 132: 12–13 128: 8–9 environmental management certification “Gender bias and project management”: Hannah Berthelot, 132: 45–48 “Green translations”: Terena Bell, 127: 23–25 Gengo, Inc., rebrand, partner program, 130: 9 Erard, Michael: Babel No More, reviewed by Nataly Kelly, 127: 12–13 Giacopini, Amanda, 131: 7 Errouiam, Meryem, 130: 8 Gikunda, Denis, interview with, 126: 14–17 ES Ltd., redesigns website, 128: 9 Gilmartin, Thomas Patrick: “Challenges to CEE economies,” 126: 24–29 ethnocomputing, 132: 19 Giovanis, Kristen: “Anticipating the EU medical device e-labeling ETSI. See European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) opportunity,” 130: 47–48 e2f translations, inc. Global Language Solutions, Inc. opens voiceover studio in California, 129: 8 expands, 125: 8 recent industry hires: Michel Lopez, Julien Gaulon-Brain, 128: 10 Kontax news service translated by industry companies, 126: 8 European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), 127: 34, 38 Global Lingo Ltd. euroscript International S.A., chooses Interverbum Technology, 132: 10 recent industry hires Eurozone Fiona Lindley, 125: 9 “Challenges to CEE economies”: Thomas Patrick Gilmartin, 126: 24–29 Holly Harvey, 127: 9 Evans, Matt, 125: 50 global syntax, website, services, 127: 8 expressIt, 129: 10 “A global web presence so healthy . . . it shines?”: Nataly Kelly, 129: 24–27 F GlobalEnglish Corporation, selects Cloudwords, 125: 10 Feldmann, Lilian, 132: 10 globalization Fenstermacher, Hans, 132: 10 “A global web presence so healthy . . . it shines?”: Nataly Kelly, 129: Figueroa, Maia, 129: 8 24–27 “Fiji, first to greet the new year, brings linguistic diversity to tourists,” 125: 7 “Localization: The global pyramid capstone”: Richard Sikes, 131: 43–48 Filip, David Globalization and Localization Association (GALA), 129: 47 “Localization for the long tail: Part 1,” 131: 51–55 recent industry hires: Hans Fenstermacher, Laura Brandon, 132: 10 “Localization for the long tail: Part 2,” 132: 34–38 Globalization Partners International “The localization standards ecosystem,” 127: 29–36 RightNow CX Suite Connector, 126: 8 Flavius, 131: 8 Translation Services Connector, 131: 8 Fluency Collaboration Server, 127: 9 GlobalVision International, Inc., CloudLingual, 128: 12 Folio Online, recent industry hires: Anja Müller, 126: 6 Globalyzer Foreign Staffing, Inc., recent industry hires: Alix Rifareal, 126: 6 4.0, 128: 11 Foreign Translations, Inc., Foreign Staffing partners with Allied 4.1, 130: 10 International, 128: 12 glocalization Found in Translation: How Language Shapes Our Lives and Transforms “Cultural awareness and userization in Latin America”: Fabio the World, Nataly Kelly and Jost Zetzsche: reviewed by Elizabeth Branca, 129: 32–35 Colón, 130: 18–19 Goldschmidt, Daniel: “Sharing the luck,” 129: 58 Fountoukidis, Kevin, and Nadége Young: “Perception versus reality in Google medical translation,” 130: 32–34 Gikunda, Denis, interview with, 126: 14–17 Freivalds, John “Innovating in local languages for Africa”: Lori Thicke, 126: 14–17 “Biblically speaking,” 126: 20–21 Google Translator Toolkit, 126: 14
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44-56 Index #133a.indd 47 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 Gouadec, Daniel, 129: 13 International Language Center, recent industry hires: Anita Hale, Megan Grandle, Corinne Beiersdorfer, 131: 7 Senseney, 131: 7 Grebisz, Chris, 126: 6 International Language Solutions, CETRA acquires, 127: 8 “Green translations”: Terena Bell, 127: 23–25 International Medical Interpreters Association (IMIA), launches the Grillo, Vanessa, 127: 9 Language Access Leadership Academy, 130: 6–7 Gross, Andreas, 129: 8 internationalization “The growing market of global information consumers”: Benjamin B. “Localization: The global pyramid capstone”: Richard Sikes, 131: 43–48 Sargent, 131: 49–50 Internationalization Dashboard, 129: 10 Guillemin, Patrick, and Sandrine Trillaud: “What has become of Internationalization Labs, LLC, partners with ENLASO, 125: 10 LISA’s OSCAR standards?”, 127: 38–39, 41 “Interoperability and ubiquity”: Rahzeb Choudhury, 127: 42–45 Guionie, Isabelle, 127: 9 Interoperability Now! (IN!), 129: 47 interpretation H “The automated interpreter”: Hassan Sawaf and Jonathan Litchman, Hale, Anita, 131: 7 125: 22–24 Hall, William Spencer, 130: 10 “From desk to booth — TMs for interpreters”: Anja Rütten, 128: 43–48 “Hand gestures”: Kate Edwards, 130: 20–21 The Interpreter’s Journal, Benjawan Poomsan Becker: reviewed by Harcz, Daniel B.: “Managing a translator database,” 125: 58 Nancy A. Locke, 125: 12–13 Harvey, Holly, 127: 9 The Interpreter’s Journal, Benjawan Poomsan Becker: reviewed by Nancy Headen, Jay, 130: 9 A. Locke, 125: 12–13 Hegde, Vijayalaxmi Interverbum Technology See Ray, Rebecca, and Vijayalaxmi Hegde euroscript chooses, 132: 10 See Sargent, Benjamin B., and Vijayalaxmi Hegde GALA Model Service Elements project to use TermWeb, 126: 8 Heh, Winnie, 127: 9 interviews Henderson, Françoise, 130: 8 “Automating Intel’s multilingual chat”: Lori Thicke, 125: 14–16 Herranz, Manuel, 129: 41 “Building communities for collaborative translation”: Lori Thicke, Hewlett-Packard 127: 20–22 “HP travels toward machine translation”: Michael Cárdenas, 127: 7 “Innovating in local languages for Africa”: Lori Thicke, 126: 14–17 Hill, Cheryl. See Safar, Libor, Helen Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill “Twitter’s 400,000 Translators”: Lori Thicke, 132: 12–13 Hills, Mimi: “Localization lessons from intercultural mentoring,” 132: InText Translation Company: EN 15038 and ISO 9001:2008 certification, 25–28 130: 10 hiSoft Technology International Ltd., acquires Logoscript, 128: 9 “Is our industry still cold to user experience?”: Ultan Ó Broin, 130: 58 Hoar, Tom, 129: 41 Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, David Bellos: reviewed by Nancy A. Locke, Hornet Design Studio, relocates, 125: 9 126: 10–11 “How Buyers Use Translation Management Systems: What Vendors Need ISG. See Industry Specification Group (ISG) to Know about Enterprise TMS Implementations,” report, 128: 10 Islaih, Khaled: “Understanding the orality of Arabic culture,” 132: 18–20 “How the Occupy movement affects language business”: Bell, ISO TC 37, 127: 34 Terena, 128: 22–23 ISO/TS 11669, 129: 46 “How to choose a translation vendor”: Madalena Sánchez Zampaulo, 127: 52–55 J “How to Win the Requests for Proposals that Matter Most,” report, 131: 6 Jacquemond, Richard, 132: 19 “How to Write Translation Requests for Proposals,” report, 131: 6 Janus Worldwide Inc. “HP travels toward machine translation”: Michael Cárdenas, 127: 7 and Asia Online collaborate, 126: 8 HT Localization, LLC recent industry hires: Ulrich Boehme, 126: 6 expands to northern California, 128: 10 Jensen Localization, relocates Spanish office, 126: 6 Language Translations for Real Life blog series, 130: 8 Jimenez-Crespo, Miguel A., 131: 51 Hurskainen, Arvi: “Quality Swahili machine translation,” 131: 39–42 Jodoin, André, 127: 47 John Benjamins Publishing Company, revised edition of translation I book, 130: 8 iAPPS v4.7, 125: 10 Jones, Nicholas, 128: 10 ICU. See International Components for Unicode (ICU) Jottard, Sébastien, 129: 9 iDISC Information Technologies, L.S., celebrates 25 years, 132: 10 IMIA. See International Medical Interpreters Association (IMIA) K IMTT, recent industry hires: Robert Bishop, 130: 8 Kamande, Peter, 131: 37 In Every Language Kanwal, Manish, and Akulaa Agarwal: “Adobe Flash localization,” 131: partners with ODVN, ApexTra, 132: 10 56–60 partners with WEConnect International, 126: 8 Kawamura, Hiroe, 132: 10 recent industry hires: Abigail Thompson, 131: 7 Keeping it Legal — Language and Accessibility Compliance Services, 130: 10 IN! See Interoperability Now! (IN!) Kelly, Nataly “Inclusion and exclusion”: Kate Edwards, 131: 12–13 Babel No More, review, 127: 12–13 Indola, Patrik: “Automating Toshiba user documentation,” 129: 39–40 “A global web presence so healthy . . . it shines?”, 129: 24–27 “Industrializing the translation process”: Lori Thicke, 130: 22–23 Kelly, Nataly, and Jost Zetzsche: Found in Translation: How Language Industry Specification Group (ISG), 127: 38 Shapes Our Lives and Transforms the World, reviewed by Elizabeth “Innovating in local languages for Africa”: Lori Thicke, 126: 14–17 Colón, 30: 18–19 Intel KERN AG, branch office in Austria, 130: 9 “Automating Intel’s multilingual chat”: Lori Thicke, 125: 14–16 Kilgray Translation Technologies Burgett, Will, interview with, 125: 14–16 memoQ 6, 130: 10 “International branding errors cause trouble”: Jeff Williams, 127: 66 memoQ GamesLoc, 131: 8 International Components for Unicode (ICU), 127: 29 qTerm 2, 127: 10
48 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
44-56 Index #133a.indd 48 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 recent industry hires: Bernardo Manuel Pereira dos Santos, 130: 8 “Life sciences: Localization into Russian and Ukrainian”: Andrey TALK finance selects, 131: 8 Ruban and Iryna Pigovska, 126: 40–42 Kim, Charlie, 128: 26 Latin America King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), 132: 29 “Conveying a passion: Translating sports in Brazil”: Madalena Kinsey, Simon, 126: 6 Sánchez Zampaulo, 129: 28–31 Klein, Scott, 130: 8 “Cultural awareness and userization in Latin America”: Fabio Kleinbaum, Michael, 126: 6 Branca, 129: 32–35 Kontax, news service translated by industry companies, 126: 8 “A global web presence so healthy . . . it shines?”: Nataly Kelly, 129: Kriaučionytė, Rasa. See Rusakavičienė, Asta and Rasa Kriaučionytė 24–27 Küfhaber, Michal, and An Stuyven: “Traversing the Eastern ‘block’ with “Marketing in Latin America under budget constraints”: Karen translation tools,” 126: 30–33 Netto, 129: 20–23 Kvaavik, Kaarina, 128: 10 Latitudes, Inc. recent industry hires: Raymond Reyes, 125: 9 L Virtual Sales Manager program, 129: 9 Lacey, Sarah, 132: 41 learning content management systems (LCMS), 128: 28 Langenberg, Doris, 129: 8 Lecture Translation, 129: 9 Language Connect, opens office in New York City, 129: 8 Lee, Koeun, 129: 8 “Language dubbing for emerging markets”: Jacques Barreau, 131: 21–24 LetsMT!, 125: 27– 29 Language I/O LLC, recent industry hires: Kaarina Kvaavik, 128: 10 Lexcelera Language Line Services, Inc. ACCEPT research project launched, 126: 7 AT&T mobile interpretation service powered by, 129: 10 redesigns website, 127: 8 recent industry hires wins BNP Paribas contract, 125: 10 Scott Klein, 130: 8 Lexika s.r.o., ISO 9001 certification, 130: 10 Winnie Heh, 127: 9 Lido-Lang Technical Translations, project management outsourcing, 129: 10 Language Line Translation Solutions, Lingo Systems now Language Line Liegard, Michel-Etienne, interview with, 130: 22–23 Translation Solutions, 127: 8 Lieske, Christian: “Language on the web,” 131: 70 “Language on the web”: Christian Lieske, 131: 70 “Life sciences: Localization into Russian and Ukrainian”: Andrey Ruban language proficiency and Iryna Pigovska, 126: 40–42 Babel No More, Michael Erard: reviewed by Nataly Kelly, 127: 12–13 Lima, Luiza, 128: 10 “Language requirements for EU medical device labels”: Libor Safar, Helen Lindley, Fiona, 125: 9 Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill, 130: 43–46 Lindner, Oliver, 128: 10 Language Services Associates, Inc. Lingo Systems, now Language Line Translation Solutions, 127: 8 LSA Video, 125: 9 Lingoport, Inc. recent industry hires: Jim Freville, Jay Headen, 130: 9 Copyright Clearance Center internationalization case study, 130: 8 “Language technology in Saudi Arabia”: Mansour Alghamdi, Mohamed Globalyzer Alkanhal and Faisal Alshuwaier, 132: 29–33 4.0, 128: 11 “Language technology standards should support entire supply chain”: 4.1, 130: 10 Donald A. DePalma, 127: 40 Internationalization Dashboard, 129: 10 Language Translations for Real Life, 130: 8 recent industry hires: Adam Blau, Spencer Thomas, 126: 6 languages, natural white paper and case study, 125: 9 Arabic Lingotek “Language technology in Saudi Arabia”: Mansour Alghamdi, teams with Science Applications International Corp., 129: 10 Mohamed Alkanhal and Faisal Alshuwaier, 132: 29–33 Translation Marketplace, 130: 10 “Localization lessons from intercultural mentoring”: Mimi Hills, Linguan, 125: 10 132: 25–28 LinguaNext, Inc. “Right-to-left localization for mobile devices”: Amr Zaki, 132: Linguify.Mobile, Linguify.Cloud, 132: 9 34–38 Linguify.Oracle, 131: 8 “Understanding the orality of Arabic culture”: Khaled Islaih, 132: Linguaserve Internacionalización de Servicios, S.A, EDI-TA research and 18–20 development project on post-editing, 128: 10 Hebrew LinguaSys, Inc., teams with Salesforce.com, 132: 10 “Right-to-left localization for mobile devices”: Amr Zaki, 132: 34–38 Linguify.Cloud, 132: 9 Latin Linguify.Mobile, 132: 9 Capti, Stephani Berard: reviewed by Thomas Banks, 126: 12–13 Linguify.Oracle, 131: 8 Latvian linguistics “Translating the Baltic languages”: Asta Rusakavičienė and Rasa “Cross-lingual text analytics: a new frontier in linguistics”: Meta S. Kriaučionytė, 126: 34–38 Brown, 125: 41–43 Lithuanian “Linport addresses translation package compatibility”: Alan Melby, Brian “Translating the Baltic languages”: Asta Rusakavičienė and Rasa Chandler and Arle Lommel, 129: 45–48 Kriaučionytė, 126: 34–38 LIS. See Localisation Industry Standards (LIS) Russian LISA. See Localization Industry Standards Association (LISA) “Life sciences: Localization into Russian and Ukrainian”: Andrey Litchman, Jonathan. See Sawaf, Hassan, and Jonathan Litchman Ruban and Iryna Pigovska, 126: 40–42 Liu, Qun, 132: 10 Spanish, Latin American Lizzi, Lucas, 131: 7 “Marketing in Latin America under budget constraints”: Karen Localisation Industry Standards (LIS), 127: 38 Netto, 129: 20–23 Localisation Research Centre (LRC), 127: 33 Swahili localization “Quality Swahili machine translation”: Arvi Hurskainen, 131: 39–42 “Adobe Flash localization”: Manish Kanwal and Akulaa Agarwal, Ukrainian 131: 56–60
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44-56 Index #133a.indd 49 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 “Comparative cultural values”: Kate Edwards, 125: 18–19 “The automated interpreter”: Hassan Sawaf and Jonathan Litchman, “Crafting a request for proposal”: Talia Baruch, 129: 36–38 125: 22–24 “Crowdsourcing your localization testing”: Doron Reuveni, 125: 47–50 “Automating Intel’s multilingual chat”: Lori Thicke, 125: 14–16 “Depicting the Falklands/Malvinas”: Kate Edwards, 129: 14–15 “Do-it-yourself MT”: Anna Simpkins, 129: 41–44 “A global web presence so healthy . . . it shines?”: Nataly Kelly, 129: “HP travels toward machine translation”: Michael Cárdenas, 127: 7 24–27 hybrid, 125: 23 “The growing market of global information consumers”: Benjamin “Linport addresses translation package compatibility”: Alan Melby, B. Sargent, 131: 49–50 Brian Chandler and Arle Lommel, 129: 45–48 “Innovating in local languages for Africa”: Lori Thick, 126: 14–17 “Machine translation for less-resourced languages”: Andrejs “Life sciences: Localization into Russian and Ukrainian”: Andrey Vasiļjevs and Indra Sa¯m¯te,ı 125: 25–30 Ruban and Iryna Pigovska, 126: 40–42 “Quality Swahili machine translation”: Arvi Hurskainen, 131: 39–42 “Localization: The global pyramid capstone”: Richard Sikes, 131: 43–48 “Machine translation for less-resourced languages”: Andrejs Vasiļjevs “Localization for the long tail: Part 1”: David Filip, 131: 51–55 and Indra S a¯ m ¯te,ı 125: 25–30 “Localization for the long tail: Part 2”: David Filip, 132: 39–44 Macro/Micro “Localization lessons from intercultural mentoring”: Mimi Hills, 132: “Avoiding choice overload”: Terena Bell, 129: 18–19 25–28 “Better business through transparency”: Terena Bell, 130: 26–27 “The localization standards ecosystem”: David Filip, 127: 29–36 “Green translations”: Terena Bell, 127: 23–25 “Localizing brand names”: Talia Baruch, 128: 40, 42 “How the Occupy movement affects language business”: Terena Bell, “Localizing e-learning for emerging economies”: Andrea 128: 22–23 Edmundson, 131: 34–36 “Out of Africa”: Terena Bell, 131: 14–15 “Localizing the whole living story”: Ben Bateman, 128: 32–34 “Tapping into the macrotrends”: Terena Bell, 126: 22–23 “Localizing worldwide mobile apps”: Talia Baruch, 125: 44–46 “Untangling the deemed export mess”: Terena Bell, 132: 16–17 “Machine translation for less-resourced languages”: Andrejs MadCap Software, Inc., and Technical Communities sign agreement, 127:10 Vasiļjevs and Indra S a¯ m ¯te,ı 125: 25–30 “Managing a translator database”: Daniel B. Harcz, 125: 58 “Right-to-left localization for mobile devices”: Amr Zaki, 132: 34–38 Mao, Haijun (Jason), 128: 10 “Tips on audio localization: synthetic vs. real voices”: Ben Warren, Mariniello, Elanna. See Steiert, Afaf, Matthias Steiert and Elanna Mariniello 128: 28–31 marketing “Localization: The global pyramid capstone”: Richard Sikes, 131: 43–48 “International branding errors cause trouble”: Jeff Williams, 127: 66 “Localization for the long tail: Part 1”: David Filip, 131: 51–55 “Web vs. social web”: Rob Cools, 126: 58 “Localization for the long tail: Part 2”: David Filip, 132: 39–44 “Marketing in Latin America under budget constraints”: Karen Netto, Localization Industry Standards Association (LISA), 127: 31, 38, 40 129: 20–23 “Localization lessons from intercultural mentoring”: Mimi Hills, 132: 25–28 Martins, Fábio, 125: 9 Localization LLC Translations, opens Boston offices, 132: 8 Maslow, Abraham, 128: 26 “The localization standards ecosystem”: David Filip, 127: 29–36 McNair, Steven, 128: 10 Localization Strategies for Global e-Business, Nitish Singh, 126: 7 MED. See Multilingual Electronic Dossier (MED) Localization Summit, 128: 9 medical Localization/Translation and Authoring Consortium (LTAC), 129: 47 “Anticipating the EU medical device e-labeling opportunity”: Kristen Localization World Paris 2012 looks to the mobile world, 129: 6 Giovanis, 130: 47–48 Localization World Seattle 2012 held October 17-19, 132: 6–7 “Language requirements for EU medical device labels”: Libor Safar, “Localizing brand names”: Talia Baruch, 128: 40, 42 Helen Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill, 130: 43–46 “Localizing e-learning for emerging economies”: Andrea Edmundson, “Life sciences: Localization into Russian and Ukrainian”: Andrey 131: 34–36 Ruban and Iryna Pigovska, 126: 40–42 “Localizing the whole living story”: Ben Bateman, 128: 32–34 “Medical translations for minority languages”: Sarah Teigen, 131: 37–38 “Localizing worldwide mobile apps”: Talia Baruch, 125: 44–46 “Perception versus reality in medical translation”: Kevin Locke, Nancy A. Fountoukidis and Nadége Young, 130: 32–34 The Interpreter’s Journal, review, 125: 12–13 “A quick look at translation metrics for health care buyers”: Rebecca Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, review, 126: 10–11 Ray and Vijayalaxmi Hegde, 130: 36 Objectif clients: Un guide pour traducteurs et autres travailleurs “Regulatory translations in CEE”: Libor Safar, 126: 44–46 autonomes du domaine langagier, review, 129: 12–13 “Statistics as a medical translation specialization”: Luciana Cecilia “Perspectives from translation program graduates,” 127: 46–48 Ramos, 130: 37–42 Logoscript, S.L., hiSoft acquires, 128: 9 “Training health translators from scratch”: Simon Andriesen, 130: 28–31 Lommel, Arle. See Melby, Alan, Brian Chandler and Arle Lommel “Medical translations for minority languages”: Sarah Teigen, 131: 37–38 Lopez, Michel, 128: 10 Meedan, 132: 23 LRC. See Localisation Research Centre (LRC) Melby, Alan, Brian Chandler and Arle Lommel: “Linport addresses LSA Video, 125: 9 translation package compatibility,” 129: 45–48 “LSPs in Central and Eastern Europe”: Rebecca Ray, 126: 47 “memoQ 5.0”: reviewed by Angelika Zerfaß, 128: 13–16 LTAC. See Localization/Translation and Authoring Consortium (LTAC) memoQ 6, 130: 10 LTAC Global, 129: 48 memoQ GamesLoc, 131: 8 LTC MemSource Cloud, 125: 10 LTC Worx 2.5, 132: 9 MemSource Technologies terminology management service, 125: 10 and Plunet partner technology, 129: 10 Luppi, Marcela, 127: 9 and XTRF combine technology, 129: 10 LUZ, Inc., recent industry hires: Jennifer Perkins, 131: 7 MemSource Cloud updates, 125: 10 Mendoza, Soledad, 126: 6 M mergers and acquisitions Mabrouk, Wael, 127: 9 CETRA, Inc., acquires International Language Solutions, 127: 8 machine translation (MT) TranslateMedia acquires Central Translations, 125: 9 ACCEPT research project launched, 126: 7 Welocalize completes Park IP Translations merger, 127: 8
50 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
44-56 Index #133a.indd 50 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 Merrill Brink International, opens regional hub in Hong Kong, 132: 8 Nemcova, Jane, 129: 8 META-NET, 125: 30 NEON Translations and Localization launched, 127: 8 Metaphrasis Language & Cultural Solutions, LLC Net-Translators Ltd. adds video interpreting services, 128: 12 Mini-site Translation Package, 126: 7 partnership develops new service, 130: 10 receives EN 15038:2006 certification, 128: 12 Microsoft Corporation, Microsoft Translator Hub, 127: 10 Netto, Karen Middle East “Marketing in Latin America under budget constraints,” 129: 20–23 “Language technology in Saudi Arabia”: Mansour Alghamdi, “A translation buyer reflects on standards,” 127: 26–28 Mohamed Alkanhal and Faisal Alshuwaier, 132: 29–33 Netwire “Localization lessons from intercultural mentoring”: Mimi Hills, opens second Rosario office, 128: 9 132: 25–28 recent industry hires “Right-to-left localization for mobile devices”: Amr Zaki, 132: 34–38 Amanda Giacopini, Lucas Lizzi, Sofia Gallo, 131: 7 “Six tips for market entry success in the Middle East”: Rebecca Ray, Carolina Tost, Mariel Azoubel, 130: 8 132: 24 Lilian Feldmann, Nathalia Abreu, 132: 10 “Translation and social media in the Middle East”: Afaf Steiert, Litícia Abreau, Fábio Martins, 125: 9 Matthias Steiert and Elanna Mariniello, 132: 21–23 Marcela Luppi, 127: 9 “Understanding the orality of Arabic culture”: Khaled Islaih, 132: 18–20 Patricia Padovani, Juliana Oliveira, Luiza Lima, 128: 10 Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI), 132: 21 redesigns website, 127: 8 Milengo Ltd. Next Eleven (N-11), 131: 34 enterprise machine translation and post-editing solutions, 127: 10 nlg GmbH, nlg LLC, 132: 8 recent industry hires: Britta Weber, 130: 8 Nuance Communications, Inc., Dragon Dictation and Dragon Search apps Miller, Wiktoria, 127: 9 debut in Middle East, 128: 11 Mini-site Translation Package, 126: 7 minority languages O “Documenting endangered alphabets”: Tim Brookes, 131: 16–20 Ó Broin, Ultan: “Is our industry still cold to user experience?”, 130: 58 “Medical translations for minority languages”: Sarah Teigen, 131: 37–38 OASIS. See Organization for Advancement of Structured Information “Out of Africa”: Terena Bell, 131: 14–15 Standards (OASIS) “Quality Swahili machine translation”: Arvi Hurskainen, 131: 39–41 Objectif clients: Un guide pour traducteurs et autres travailleurs autonomes mobile applications du domaine langagier, François Gauthier: reviewed by Nancy A. “Localizing worldwide mobile apps”: Talia Baruch, 125: 44–46 Locke, 129: 12–13 Mobile Technologies, LLC, Lecture Translation, 129: 9 Occupy movement, 128: 22 Monaco, Danilo, 132: 10 Ocean Translations Montesinos, Sebastian, 132: 10 Kontax news service translated by industry companies, 126: 8 Moore, Derrick, 127: 9 recent industry hires: Sebastian Montesinos, 132: 10 Moravia Off the Map App Review Translator, Symfonie Task Management System, 132: 9 “Comparative cultural values”: Kate Edwards, 125: 18–19 expands linguistic validation services, 128: 11 “Cultural standards”: Kate Edwards, 127: 18–19 expands mobile services, releases white paper, 127: 10 “Cyprus — a dividing issue”: Kate Edwards, 126: 18–19 major rebranding for, 131: 6 “Dealing with regime change”: Kate Edwards, 132: 14–15 opens office in Bay Area, relocates Dublin office, 129: 8 “Depicting the Falklands/Malvinas”: Kate Edwards, 129: 14–15 recent industry hires “Hand gestures”: Kate Edwards, 130: 20–21 Haijun (Jason) Mao, 128: 10 “Inclusion and exclusion”: Kate Edwards, 131: 12–13 Jane Nemcova, 129: 8 “The spatialization of information”: Kate Edwards, 128: 20–21 Renato Beninatto, 125: 9 Oliveira, Juliana, 128: 10 relocates North American offices, 127: 8 One Hour Translation Ltd., Translator’s Workbench, 132: 9 Moravia Worldwide. See Moravia 1-Stop Translation USA, LLC Moreno-Ramos, Alejandro: MOX: Illustrated Guide to Freelance recent industry hires Translation, reviewed by Katie Botkin, 131: 10–11 Daisy Ramirez, Paul Tardiff, Ariana Drummond, 131: 7 MOX: Illustrated Guide to Freelance Translation, Alejandro Moreno- Hiroe Kawamura, Catherine Ann, Alice Yu, Justin Bynum, 132: 10 Ramos: reviewed by Katie Botkin, 131: 10–11 1TL.com, 128: 11 MT. See machine translation (MT) ONTRAM, Inc., recent industry hires: Shigemichi Yazawa, 131: 7 Muddyman, Gary: “The rise of CIVETS economies,” 131: 30–33 orality Müller, Anja, 126: 6 “Understanding the orality of Arabic culture”: Khaled Islaih, 132: 18–20 Multi-Languages Corporation, publishes translation book, 129: 9 Organization for Advancement of Structured Information Standards MultiCorpora (OASIS), 127: 32, 129: 48 automates integration with content management systems, 127: 10 Osborne Solutions, relocates and rebrands, 125: 8 MultiTrans Prism version 5.5, 129: 9 Otellini, Paul S., 125: 16 recent industry hires: Steven McNair, 128: 10 “Out of Africa”: Terena Bell, 131: 14–15 MultiLing, moves headquarters, 131: 6 outsourcing Multilingual Electronic Dossier (MED), 129: 47 “The challenge of outsourcing across cultures”: John Freivalds, 130: MultilingualWeb-LT, 127: 9, 32; 128: 10 24–25 Multilizer, Multilizer 8, 128: 12 MultiTrans Prism 5.5, 129: 9 P myLanguage, Inc., Vocre 2.0, 127: 10 Padovani, Patricia, 128: 10 Palex Languages & Software N Verifika, 125: 9 N-11. See Next Eleven (N-11) Verifika 1.2, 131: 8 “The Need for Translation in Africa,” report, 129: 9 PandaWare Company, Simple Help Editor 5.0, 125: 9
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44-56 Index #133a.indd 51 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 Parenteau, Kelsi, 126: 6 Ian Barrow, 127: 9 Park IP Translations, Welocalize completes Park IP Translations merger, Jared Prichard, 131: 7 127: 8 Acrolinx GmbH: PG Bartlett, 130: 9 Partnertrans GmbH, adds US location, 132: 8 Affordable Language Services: Brittany Winner, Corinne PDI. See power distance index (PDI) Beiersdorfer Grandle, 131: 7 “Perception versus reality in medical translation”: Kevin Fountoukidis Albaglobal Ltd.: Aldior Agora, 130: 8 and Nadége Young, 130: 32–34 Andrä AG Perkins, Jennifer, 131: 7 Ben Cornelius, 126: 6 Perso-Arabic Language Suite, 129: 9 Jella Eifler, 131: 7 Perspectives Oliver Collmann, 125: 9 “Cloud computing, SaaS and translation tools”: Andrzej Zydroń, Anzu Global LLC: Jeanne Sharpe, 132: 10 125: 20–21 Arancho Doc S.r.l. “A translation buyer reflects on standards”: Karen Netto, 127: 26–28 Danilo Monaco, 132: 10 “Perspectives from translation program graduates”: Nancy A. Locke, 127: Lea Backhurst, 131: 7 46–48 Argos Translations Sp z o.o.: Rocio Cava, 125: 9 PET, 130: 10 Boffin Technologies Ltd.: Richard Shi, 127: 9 Petras, Rebecca, 131: 7 Bromberg & Associates, LLC: Kelsi Parenteau, 126: 6 PhatPad 2.0, 126: 8 Centre for Next Generation Localisation (CNGL): Qun Liu, 132: 10 PhatWare Corp., PhatPad 2.0, 126: 8 Centrum Lokalizacji C&M Sp. z o.o. Pigovska, Iryna. See Ruban, Andrey, and Iryna Pigovska Sébastien Jottard, 129: 8 “Planning game-based learning”: Julie Brink, 128: 35–38 Wiktoria Miller, 127: 9 Plunet GmbH Clear Words Translations: Carina Cesano, 130: 8 and MemSource partner technology, 129: 10 integrates with SDL Echo International: Hector Baraona, 127: 9 Trados Studio 2011, 128: 12 eCPD Webinars: Maia Figueroa, 129: 8 memoQ 5 interface, 126: 8 e2f translations, inc.: Michel Lopez, Julien Gaulon-Brain, 128: 10 offers interfaces to existing translation technologies, 127: 10 In Every Language: Abigail Thompson, 131: 7 partners with ATRIL, 129: 10 Folio Online: Anja Müller, 126: 6 Plunet BusinessManager 5.3, 129: 9 Foreign Staffing, Inc.: Alix Rifareal, 126: 6 recent industry hires: Nancy Radloff, Daniel Ganz, Doris Global Lingo Ltd. Langenberg, Andreas Gross, 129: 8 Fiona Lindley, 125: 9 Pole to Win America, Inc., adds Austin game testing branch, 131: 6 Holly Harvey, 127: 9 power distance index (PDI), 130: 24 Globalization and Localization Association (GALA): Hans Praekelt, Gustav, 129: 6 Fenstermacher, Laura Brandon, 132: 10 Prichard, Jared, 131: 7 IMTT: Robert Bishop, 130: 8 Projetex 9.1, 127: 10 International Language Center: Anita Hale, Megan Senseney, 131: 7 prosumerism, 131: 51 Janus Worldwide Inc.: Ulrich Boehme, 126: 6 ProZ.com, 125: 31 Kilgray Translation Technologies: Bernardo Manuel Pereira dos Translation Marketplace, 130: 10 Santos, 130: 8 PTIGlobal Language I/O LLC: Kaarina Kvaavik, 128: 10 celebrates 35th anniversary, adds voiceover services, 127: 9 Language Line Services, Inc. recent industry hires: Jordan Bulloff, 125: 9 Scott Klein, 130: 8 Winnie Heh, 127: 9 Q Language Services Associates, Inc.: Jim Freville, Jay Headen, 130: 9 qTerm 2, 127: 10 Latitudes: Raymond Reyes, 125: 9 “Quality Swahili machine translation”: Arvi Hurskainen, 131: 39–42 Lingoport, Inc.: Adam Blau, Spencer Thomas, 126: 6 Quevedo, Angelita, 129: 30 LUZ, Inc.: Jennifer Perkins, 131: 7 “A quick look at translation metrics for health care buyers”: Rebecca Ray Milengo, Ltd.: Britta Weber, 130: 8 and Vijayalaxmi Hegde, 130: 36 Moravia Quicksilver Translations, adds audiovisual department, 125: 8 Haijun (Jason) Mao, 128: 10 Quintero, Arturo: “Reflections on the language industry,” 132: 58 Jane Nemcova, 129: 8 Renato Beninatto, 125: 9 MultiCorpora: Steven McNair, 128: 10 R Netwire Radloff, Nancy, 129: 8 Amanda Giacopini, Lucas Lizzi, Sofia Gallo, 131: 7 Radoff, Jon, 128: 26 Carolina Tost, Mariel Azoubel, 130: 8 Ramirez, Daisy, 131: 7 Lilian Feldmann, Nathalia Abreu, 132: 10 Ramos, Luciana Cecilia: “Statistics as a medical translation Litícia Abreau, Fábio Martins, 125: 9 specialization,” 130: 37–42 Marcela Luppi, 127: 9 Ray, Rebecca Patricia Padovani, Juliana Oliveira, Luiza Lima, 128: 10 “LSPs in Central and Eastern Europe,” 126: 47 Ocean Translations: Sebastian Montesinos, 132: 10 “Six tips for market entry success in the Middle East,” 132: 24 1-Stop Translation USA, LLC Ray, Rebecca, and Vijayalaxmi Hegde: “A quick look at translation Daisy Ramirez, Paul Tardiff, Ariana Drummond, 131: 7 metrics for health care buyers,” 130: 36 Hiroe Kawamura, Catherine Ann, Alice Yu, Justin Bynum, 132: 10 RBMT. See rule-based machine translation ONTRAM, Inc.: Shigemichi Yazawa, 131: 7 RC-WinTrans 9.2, 128: 12 Plunet GmbH: Nancy Radloff, Daniel Ganz, Doris Langenberg, recent industry hires Andreas Gross, 129: 8 Accessible Translation Solutions: Meryem Errouiam, 130: 8 PTIGlobal: Jordan Bulloff, 125: 9 Acclaro Inc RSI Content Solutions
52 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
44-56 Index #133a.indd 52 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 David Saracco, 131: 7 Rifareal, Alix, 126: 6 Marianne Calilhanna, 127: 9 “Right-to-left localization for mobile devices”: Amr Zaki, 132: 34–38 Rubric, Inc.: Françoise Henderson, 130: 8 RightNow CX Suite Connector, 126: 8 Saltlux Inc.: Koeun Lee, 129: 8 “The rise of CIVETS economies”: Gary Muddyman, 131: 30–33 Saudisoft Co. Ltd: Wael Mabrouk, 127: 9 Robotics Glossary, 129: 10 STAR UK Limited: Nicholas Jones, 128: 10 Rock, David, 128: 25 TAUS : Achim Ruopp, 129: 8 “ROI Lifts the Long Tail of Languages in 2012,” report, 130: 8 TranslateMedia: Simon Kinsey, Michael Smith, Michael Kleinbaum, Rosetta Translation Limited 126: 6 Rosetta Shanghai adds interpretation service, 125: 10 Translators without Borders (TWB): Rebecca Petras, 131: 7 updates website, 125: 8 Vasont Systems: Jim Braselman, 131: 7 Rowse, Arthur E.: Amglish in, Like, Ten Easy Lessons: A Celebration of viaLanguage the New World Lingo, reviewed by Deborah Schaffer, 128: 17–19 Chris Grebisz, 126: 6 RSI Content Solutions Derrick Moore, 127: 9 LexisNexis Pacific selects, 128: 12 Vivanco & Garcia, S.L.: Vanessa Grillo, Michael Sanz, 127: 9 recent industry hires Welocalize: Erin Wynn, 130: 8 David Saracco, 131: 7 WIENERS+WIENERS GmbH: Oliver Lindner, 128: 10 Marianne Calilhanna, 127: 9 Win & Winnow Communications Ruban, Andrey, and Iryna Pigovska: “Life sciences: Localization into Isabelle Guionie, 127: 9 Russian and Ukrainian,” 126: 40–42 Mariana Sugobono, Ludmila Lococo Benyacar, Daiana Díaz, Rubric, Inc., recent industry hires: Françoise Henderson, 130: 8 Soledad Mendoza, 126: 6 rule-based machine translation (RBMT) “Reflections on the language industry”: Arturo Quintero, 132: 58 “The automated interpreter”: Hassan Sawaf and Jonathan Litchman, “Regulatory translations in CEE”: Libor Safar, 126: 44–46 125: 23 reports and white papers Ruopp, Achim, 129: 8 “How Buyers Use Translation Management Systems: What Vendors Rusakavičienė, Asta and Rasa Kriaučionytė: “Translating the Baltic Need to Know about Enterprise TMS Implementations,” 128: 10 languages,” 126: 34–38 “How to Craft a Multilingual Web Strategy,” 125: 9 Rütten, Anja: “From desk to booth — TMs for interpreters,” 128: 43–48 “How to Win the Requests for Proposals that Matter Most,” 131: 6 “How to Write Translation Requests for Proposals,” 131: 6 S “The Need for Translation in Africa,” 129: 9 Safar, Libor: “Regulatory translations in CEE,” 126: 44–46 “ROI Lifts the Long Tail of Languages in 2012,” 130: 8 Safar, Libor, Helen Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill: “Language “TMS Users Revealed: How Enterprise Buyers Deploy Translation requirements for EU medical device labels,” 130: 43–46 Management Systems,” 128: 10 Sajan, Inc., opens Singapore office, 125: 8 “Translation Performance Metrics,” 126: 7 Saltlux Inc., recent industry hires: Koeun Lee, 129: 8 “Translation Pricing by Language Pair,” 132: 8 S a¯ m ¯te,ı Indra. See Vasiļjevs, Andrejs and Indra Sa¯m¯teı “Trends in Translation Pricing,” 132: 8 Sánchez, Pilar Garcia, letter to editor, 128: 9 “Web Globalization Report Card 2012,” 126: 7 Santos, Bernardo Manuel Pereira dos, 130: 8 “What Translation Suppliers Need to Know about Pricing,” 132: 9 Sanz, Michael, 127: 9 request for proposal (RFP) Saracco, David, 131: 7 “Crafting a request for proposal”: Talia Baruch, 129: 36–38 Sargent, Benjamin B., 130: 25 resources and references “The growing market of global information consumers,” 131: 49–50 Basic terminology: 126: 49–50; 127: 57–58; 128: 49–50; 129: “Social media’s place in global online strategy,” 128: 41 49–50; 130: 49–50; 131: 61–62; 132: 49–50 Sargent, Benjamin B., and Vijayalaxmi Hegde: “Ten essential steps to Reuveni, Doron: “Crowdsourcing your localization testing,” 125: 47–50 TMS selection for LSPs,” 125: 35–40 Reverso-Softissimo, Flavius, 131: 8 Saudi Arabia reviews “Language technology in Saudi Arabia”: Mansour Alghamdi, “Alchemy CATALYST 10”: reviewed by Thomas Waßmer, 130: 12–17 Mohamed Alkanhal and Faisal Alshuwaier, 132: 29–33 Amglish in, Like, Ten Easy Lessons: A Celebration of the New World Saudisoft Co. Ltd Lingo, Arthur E. Rowse: reviewed by Deborah Schaffer, 128: 17–19 new look for website, 126: 6 Babel No More, Michael Erard: reviewed by Nataly Kelly, 127: 12–13 recent industry hires: Wael Mabrouk, 127: 9 Capti, Stephani Berard: reviewed by Thomas Banks, 126: 12–13 Sawaf, Hassan, and Jonathan Litchman: “The automated interpreter,” Found in Translation: How Language Shapes Our Lives and 125: 22–24 Transforms the World, Nataly Kelly and Jost Zetzsche: reviewed Schaffer, Deborah: Amglish in, Like, Ten Easy Lessons: A Celebration of by Elizabeth Colón, 130: 18–19 the New World Lingo, review, 128: 17–19 The Interpreter’s Journal, Benjawan Poomsan Becker: reviewed by Schaudin.com, RC-WinTrans 9.2, 128: 12 Nancy A. Locke, 125: 12–13 Schliem, Aaron: “GDC 2012 (March 5-9) increases localization focus,” Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, David Bellos: reviewed by Nancy A. 128: 8–9 Locke, 126: 10–11 Science Applications International Corporation, Lingotek teams with, 129: 10 “memoQ 5.0”: reviewed by Angelika Zerfaß, 128: 13–16 scripts MOX: Illustrated Guide to Freelance Translation, Alejandro Moreno- “Documenting endangered alphabets”: Tim Brookes, 131: 16–20 Ramos: reviewed by Katie Botkin, 131: 10–11 SDI Media Group, opens multimedia studios in Manila, 131: 6 Objectif clients: Un guide pour traducteurs et autres travailleurs SDL autonomes du domaine langagier, François Gauthier: reviewed by completes acquisition of Alterian, 126: 6 Nancy A. Locke, 129: 12–13 opens research and development facility, 129: 8 “XTRF 2.5”: reviewed by Bob Donaldson, 127: 14–17 Plunet integrates with, 128: 12 Reyes, Raymond, 125: 9 SDL Studio GroupShare, 126: 7 Rheinschrift Übersetzungen, updates website, 125: 8 Senseney, Megan, 131: 7 Rickard, Jason, interview with, 127: 20–22 SeproTec Multilingual Solutions, Instituto Cervantes chooses, 129: 10
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44-56 Index #133a.indd 53 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 Sequoyah, 125: 48 “Language on the web”: Christian Lieske, 131: 70 “Sharing the luck”: Daniel Goldschmidt, 129: 58 “Managing a translator database”: Daniel B. Harcz, 125: 58 Sharpe, Jeanne, 132: 10 “Reflections on the language industry”: Arturo Quintero, 132: 58 Shi, Richard, 127: 9 “Sharing the luck”: Daniel Goldschmidt, 129: 58 Sikes, Richard: “Localization: The global pyramid capstone,” 131: 43–48 “Taking back your clients”: Michael Cárdenas, 128: 58 Simpkins, Anna: “Do-it-yourself MT,” 129: 41–44 “Web vs. social web”: Rob Cools, 126: 58 Simple Help Editor 5.0, 125: 9 “Taking back your clients”: Michael Cárdenas, 128: 58 Singh, Nitish, Localization Strategies for Global e-Business, 126: 7 TALK finance sàrl, selects memoQ, 131: 8 Sitecore Connector 3.5, 131: 8 “Tapping into the macrotrends”: Terena Bell, 126: 22–23 “Six tips for market entry success in the Middle East”: Rebecca Ray, 132: 24 Tardiff, Paul, 131: 7 Smith, Michael, 126: 6 TAUS. See Translation Automation User Society (TAUS) Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics, English-Russian glossary, 128: 11 tauyou
54 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
44-56 Index #133a.indd 54 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 tools Fountoukidis and Nadége Young, 130: 32–34 “Alchemy CATALYST 10”: review, 130: 12–17 “Perspectives from translation program graduates”: Nancy A. Locke, translation 127: 46–48 “Cloud computing, SaaS and translation tools”: Andrzej Zydrón, “A quick look at translation metrics for health care buyers”: Rebecca 125: 20–21 Ray and Vijayalaxmi Hegde, 130: 36 “Traversing the Eastern ‘block’ with translation tools”: Michal “Regulatory translations in CEE”: Libor Safar, 126: 44–46 Küfhaber and An Stuyven, 126: 30–33 “Statistics as a medical translation specialization”: Luciana Cecilia translation management: XTRF 2.5, review of, 127: 14–17 Ramos, 130: 37–42 translation memory: “memoQ 5.0”: reviewed by Angelika Zerfaß, “Ten essential steps to TMS selection for LSPs”: Benjamin B. Sargent 128: 13–16 and Vijayalaxmi Hegde, 125: 35–40 Toshiba “Training health translators from scratch”: Simon Andriesen, 130: “Automating Toshiba user documentation”: Patrik Indola, 129: 28–31 39–40 “Translating the Baltic languages”:Asta Rusakavičienė and Rasa Tost, Carolina, 130: 8 Kriaučionytė, 126: 34–38 Total Recall Software ApS, new website, url, 125: 8 “Translation and social media in the Middle East”: Afaf Steiert, TouchType, SwiftKey X 2.2, 125: 10 Matthias Steiert and Elanna Mariniello, 132: 21–23 Tradnologies SL, relocates office, 127: 8 “A translation buyer reflects on standards”: Karen Netto, 127: 26–28 “Training health translators from scratch”: Simon Andriesen, 130: 28–31 “The translation center behind Translators without Borders”: Enrique Tranflex AB, STP Nordic acquires, 129: 8 Cavalitto, 125: 31–34 Transiq Systems SL, Transiq, 127: 10 “Translation Performance Metrics,” report, 126: 7 translate plus “Translation technology comes full circle”: Jost Zetzsche, 127:50–51 ISO 14001 certified, 132: 10 Translators through History, 130: 8 now in Düsseldorf, 132: 8 “Traversing the Eastern ‘block’ with translation tools”: Michal TranslateMedia Küfhaber and An Stuyven, 126: 30–33 acquires Central Translations, 125: 9 “Twitter’s 400,000 Translators”: Lori Thicke, 132: 12–13 recent industry hires: Simon Kinsey, Michael Smith, Michael “Untangling the deemed export mess”: Terena Bell, 132: 16–17 Kleinbaum, 126: 6 “Translation and social media in the Middle East”: Afaf Steiert, Matthias “Translating the Baltic languages”: Asta Rusakavičienė and Rasa Steiert and Elanna Mariniello, 132: 21–23 Kriaučionytė, 126: 34–38 Translation Automation User Society (TAUS), translation Developing Talent Initiative, 131:6 “Adaptation in translation”: Mehdi Asadzadeh and Afaf Steiert, 127: 56 MT tutorial, translation services API, 132: 8 Almost Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Translation, recent industry hires: Achim Ruopp, 129: 8 129: 9 TAUS Data Association “Automating Toshiba user documentation”: Patrik Indola, 129: 39–40 matrix feature, 130: 10 “Biblically speaking”: John Freivalds, 126: 20–21 TAUS Tracker, 125: 9 “Building communities for collaborative translation”: Lori Thicke, “A translation buyer reflects on standards”: Karen Netto, 127: 26–28 127: 20–22 “The translation center behind Translators without Borders”: Enrique “Cloud computing, SaaS and translation tools”: Andrzej Zydrón, Cavalitto, 125: 31–34 125: 20–21 Translation Cloud 2.5, 127: 10 “Conveying a passion: Translating sports in Brazil”: Madalena Translation Cloud LLC Sánchez Zampaulo, 129: 28–30 Translation Cloud for developers 2.5, 127: 10 Found in Translation: How Language Shapes Our Lives and Translation Services now Translation Cloud, 129: 8 Transforms the World, Nataly Kelly and Jost Zetzsche: reviewed translation management systems (TMS) by Elizabeth Colón, 130: 18–19 “Linport addresses translation package compatibility”: Alan Melby, “Green translations”: Terena Bell, 127: 23–25 Brian Chandler and Arle Lommel, 129: 45–48 “How to choose a translation vendor”: Madalena Sánchez “Ten essential steps to TMS selection for LSPs”: Benjamin B. Sargent Zampaulo, 127: 52–55 and Vijayalaxmi Hegde, 125: 35–40 “Industrializing the translation process”: Lori Thicke, 130: 22–23 Translation Marketplace, 130: 10 “Interoperability and ubiquity”: Rahzeb Choudhury, 127: 42–45 translation memory (TM) Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, David Bellos: reviewed by Nancy A. “From desk to booth — TMs for interpreters”: Anja Rütten, 128: 43–48 Locke, 126: 10–11 Google Translator Toolkit, 126: 14 “Language requirements for EU medical device labels”: Libor Safar, “Translation Performance Metrics,” report, 126: 7 Helen Colquhoun and Cheryl Hill, 130: 43–46 “Translation Pricing by Language Pair,” report, 132: 8 Lecture Translation, 129: 9 Translation Services Connector, 131: 8 “Machine translation for less-resourced languages”: Andrejs Translation Services USA LLC. See Translation Cloud LLC Vasiļjevs and Indra Sa¯m¯te,ı 125: 25–30 “Translation technology comes full circle”: Jost Zetzsche, 127: 50–51 “Managing a translator database”: Daniel B. Harcz, 125: 58 Translators through History, 130: 8 “Marketing in Latin America under budget constraints”: Karen Translators without Borders (TWB), 131: 37 Netto, 129: 20–23 and Common Sense study results, 129: 9 “Medical translations for minority languages”: Sarah Teigen, 131: Healthcare Translation Center, 128: 10 37–38 recent industry hires: Rebecca Petras, 131: 7 MOX: Illustrated Guide to Freelance Translation, Alejandro Moreno- “Training health translators from scratch”: Simon Andriesen, 130: 28–31 Ramos: reviewed by Katie Botkin, 131: 10–11 “The translation center behind Translators without Borders”: Enrique “The Need for Translation in Africa,” report, 129: 9 Cavalitto, 125: 31–34 Objectif clients: Un guide pour traducteurs et autres travailleurs Translator’s Workbench, 132: 9 autonomes du domaine langagier, François Gauthier: reviewed by TransPerfect Translations, Inc. Nancy A. Locke, 129: 12–13 opens office in Rome, 126: 6 “Perception versus reality in medical translation”: Kevin VistaJet chooses, 131: 7
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44-56 Index #133a.indd 55 1/10/13 11:58 AM Index: Issues 125-132 Yamane Documentation becomes a division of, 129: 8 Sandrine Trillaud, 127: 38–39, 41 “Traversing the Eastern ‘block’ with translation tools”: Michal Küfhaber “What Translation Suppliers Need to Know about Pricing,” report, 132: 9 and An Stuyven, 126: 30–33 Wheeldon, Gavin, 129: 41 TREMÉDICA, Spanish-English medical association grows, 130: 7 WIENERS+WIENERS GmbH, recent industry hires: Oliver Lindner, 128: 10 “Trends in Translation Pricing,” report, 132: 8 Williams, Jeff: “International branding errors cause trouble”, 127: 66 Trillaud, Sandrine. See Guillemin, Patrick, and Sandrine Trillaud Win & Winnow Communications TripleInk, now in The Netherlands, celebrates 20th anniversary, 125: 8 recent industry hires Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), 126: 18 Isabelle Guionie, 127: 9 Turner, Jamie, 132: 6 Mariana Sugobono, Ludmila Lococo Benyacar, Daiana Díaz, TWB. See Translators without Borders (TWB) Soledad Mendoza, 126: 6 “Twitter’s 400,000 Translators”: Lori Thicke, 132: 12–13 Winner, Brittany, 131: 7 Wordbee S.A U business analytics module, 132: 9 UAX #29. See Unicode Annex #29 (UAX #29) Nikon Precision chooses, 132: 10 Ueda, Gaku, interview with, 132: 12–13 Wordfast LLC, Wordfast Pro 3.0, 128: 11 ULI. See Unicode Localization Interoperability World Savvy “Understanding the orality of Arabic culture”: Khaled Islaih, 132: 18–20 “Biblically speaking”: John Freivalds, 126: 20–21 Unicode Annex #29 (UAX #29), 127: 31 “The challenge of outsourcing across cultures”: John Freivalds, 130: The Unicode Consortium 24–25 Unicode 6.1, 126: 7 “Dilemmas of the diaspora”: John Freivalds, 129: 16–17 Unicode 6.2, 132: 8 World Translation A/S, rebrands, 129: 8 Unicode Localization Interoperability (ULI), 127: 31 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 127: 32 Universidad Europea de Madrid, 128: 10 MultilingualWeb–LT (Language Technology) Working Group, 127: 9 “Untangling the deemed export mess”: Terena Bell, 132: 16–17 Worldbee S.A., chosen by Aflatoun, 128: 12 user documentation WTIpress, 125: 9 “Automating Toshiba user documentation”: Patrik Indola, 129: 39–40 Wynn, Erin, 130: 9 userization “Cultural awareness and userization in Latin America”: Fabio X Branca, 129: 32–35 Xcelerator Ltd, commercialization fund project, 130: 8 XLIFF, 127: 32 V XTM International Vasiļjevs, Andrejs, 129: 41 XTM 7.0, XTM Xchange, 132: 9 Vasiļjevs, Andrejs, and Indra S a¯ m ¯te:ı “Machine translation for less- XTM Suite 6.2, 128: 11 resourced languages,” 125: 25–30 XTRF Vasont Systems, recent industry hires: Jim Braselman, 131: 7 Verifika, 125: 9 2.4, 125: 10 Verifika 1.2, 131: 8 2.5, review of, 127: 14–17 Verztec Consulting Pte. Ltd., selected by aviance, 125: 10 2.7, 131: 8 VIA. See viaLanguage (VIA) QuickBooks, 125:10 viaLanguage. See VIA XTRF Translation Management Systems Sp. z o.o. recent industry hires and MemSource combine technology, 129: 10 Chris Grebisz, 126: 6 Divergent Language Solutions selects, 132: 10 Derrick Moore, 127: 9 redesigns customer portal, 132: 9 viaLanguage rebrands, 129: 8 SMS short text messaging, 126: 8 Virtual Sales Manager, 129: 9 XTRF 2.4, XTRF-QuickBooks, 125: 10 VistaTEC, and Asia Online partner, 127: 10 XTRF 2.7, 131: 8 Vivanco & Garcia, S.L., recent industry hires: Vanessa Grillo, Michael Sanz, 127: 9 Y VNLOCTRA Co., Ltd., relocates, 128: 9 Yamane Documentation Inc., becomes a division of TransPerfect, 129: 8 Vocre 2.0, 127: 10 Yazawa, Shigemichi, 131: 7 Volante, Stephen, 125: 33 Yewell, Smith, 129: 46 Young, Nadége. See Fountoukidis, Kevin, and Nadége Young W Yu, Alice, 132: 10 Wadhwani, Nand, 125: 32 YYZ Translations, updated website and new services, 125: 8 Waßmer, Thomas: “Alchemy CATALYST 10,” review, 130: 12–17 Warambo, Paul, 130: 28 Z Warren, Ben: “Tips on audio localization: synthetic vs. real voices,” 128: Zaki, Amr: “Right-to-left localization for mobile devices,” 132: 34–38 28–31 Zampaulo, Madalena Sánchez W3C. See World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) “Conveying a passion: Translating sports in Brazil,” 129: 28–30 Web Globalization Report Card 2012, 126: 7 “How to choose a translation vendor,” 127: 52–55 “Web vs. social web”: Rob Cools, 126: 58 Zerfaß, Angelika: “memoQ 5.0,” review, 128: 13–16 Weber, Britta, 130: 8 Zetzsche, Jost, 129: 47 Welocalize “Translation technology comes full circle,” 127: 50–51 completes Park IP Translations merger, 127: 8 See also Kelly, Nataly, and Jost Zetzsche recent industry hires: Erin Wynn, 130: 9 Zichermann, Gabe, 128: 24 Western Standard, Fluency Collaboration Server, 127: 9 Zubin, David A., 132: 46 Weyman, George, 132: 23 Zydroń, Andrzej: “Cloud computing, SaaS and translation tools,” “What has become of LISA’s OSCAR standards?”: Patrick Guillemin and 125: 20–21
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44-56 Index #133a.indd 56 1/10/13 11:58 AM Acronyms & AbbreviAtions ACE automatic content enrichment DAU/MAU daily active users divided by monthly active users ACR abstract character repertoire DBCS double-byte character set AD audio description DDI direct dialing inwards ADR automated dialog replacement DITA Darwin Information Typing Architecture AM authoring memory DIY do-it-yourself AMT automated machine translation DIYOW do-it-your-own-way ANSI American National Standards Institute DLL dynamic link library APDU application protocol data unit DNT do not translate API application programming interface DTD document type definition ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange DTP desktop publishing ASL American Sign Language DVB digital video broadcasting ASP application service provider ATA American Translators Association EA East Asian ATSUI Apple Type Services for Unicode Imaging EAI enterprise application interface EAP e-business application platform B2B business to business EBCDIC extended binary coded decimal interchange code B2C business to consumer EBITDA earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization BCE Before the Common Era EBMT example-based machine translation bidi bidirectional text EC European community BLEU Bilingual Evaluation Understudy ECL exit control list BMP basic multilingual plane ECM enterprise content management BOM byte order mark ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Association BPO business process outsourcing ECU European currency unit BRIC Brazil, Russia, India and China EIP enterprise information portal EMEA Europe, Middle East, Africa CAD computer-aided design EMS enterprise management system CAGR compound annual growth rate EMU European Economic and Monetary Union CAI computer-assisted interpretation ERM electronic relationship management CAP cultural adaptation process ERP enterprise resource planning CAT computer-aided/assisted translation ERS emergency restoration system CBMT context-based machine translation ESL English-as-a-second-language CBT computer-based training ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute CCJK Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Japanese & Korean EU European Union CCS coded character set EUC extended UNIX code CDATA character data EXE executable files CE Common Era CEE Central and Eastern Europe FAHQT fully automatic high quality translation CEF character encoding form FAQ frequently asked questions CES character encoding scheme FDI foreign direct investment CEO chief executive officer FEP front-end processor CFO chief financial officer FEV forced expiration volume CGI common gateway interface FIGS France, Italy, Germany and Spain CGO chief globalization officer FLR foreign language resource CHT Chinese-Taiwan FMS file management system CI community interpreting FTP file transfer protocol CIC corporate intelligence center CID character identifier GCVC global content value chain CIO chief information officer GDP gross domestic product CJK Chinese, Japanese and Korean g11n globalization CJKV Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese GILT globalization, internationalization, localization and translation CL controlled language GIM global information management CLA cross-lingual application GIS geographic information systems CLAT controlled language authoring technology GMS globalization management software/system CLC controlled language checker GMX-V Global information management Metrics eXchange – Volume CLDR Common Locale Data Repository GNU short for GNU is Not UNIX CM content management; character map GPS global positioning system CMM capability maturity model GTMS global translation management system CMS content management system GUI graphical user interface CNS Chinese National Standard CNT contents files HCI human-computer interaction COLT connection optimized link technology HLT human language technology COM component object model HMM hidden Markov model CP code page HPJ Help project files CRM customer relationship management HR human resources CRPG computer role-playing game HRM human resources management CS compound strings HTML HyperText Markup Language CSS cascading style sheet HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol CT Chinese Traditional; compound text CTE Caterpillar Technical English IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority CTI computer telephone integration ICF informed consent form CT3 crowdsourced translation-community translation- ICT information and communication technology collaborative translation ICU International Components for Unicode www.multilingual.com 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 MultiLingual | 57
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 57 1/10/13 11:57 AM Acronyms & AbbreviAtions IDE integrated development environment MWS multilingual workflow system IE information element IEC International Electrotechnical Commission NLP natural language processing i18n internationalization NLS national language support IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IFU instructions for use OASIS Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards IM input methods; instant messaging OAXAL OASIS Open Architecture for XML Authoring and Localization IME input method editor OBJ object files IP internet protocol; intellectual property OCR optical character recognition IRB institutional review boards ODBC open data base connectivity IRI internationalized resource identifier OEM original equipment manufacturer ISDN integrated services digital network OLG online gaming ISO International Organization for Standardization OPEX operating expenses ISV independent software vendor OPI over-the-phone interpretation IT information technology OS operating system ITS International Tag Set OSS open-source software ITP International Translation & Publishing OTA over-the-air IVD in vitro diagnostic IVR interactive voice response systems P&L profit and loss PC personal computer; politically correct JAXP Java API for XML Processing PCDATA parsed character data JCAT Java computer-assisted translation PDA personal digital assistant JDK Java Development Kit PDF portable document format JFIGS Japanese, French, Italian, German and Spanish PDI power distance index JIC Japan Industrial Code PEST political, economic, sociocultural, technological JIS Japanese Industrial Standards; Japanese Institute of Standards PIL patient information leaflet JISC Japan Industrial Standards Committee PIM personal information manager JRE Java Runtime Environment PM project manager; project management JSP Java server pages PO purchase order PoA plan of action K kilobytes POS part of speech KISI Korean Industrial Standards Institute POSIX portable operating system interface KPA key process area PPC pay-per-click KPI key performance indicator PRC People’s Republic of China
LAN local area network; large area network Q&A questions and answers LEP limited English proficient QA quality assurance LESA limited English-speaking ability QC quality control LIP language interface program LKP lookup file R&D research and development LM language model RBMT rule-based machine translation LMS learning management system RC resource code files LOF list of figures RDF Resource Description Framework LOT list of tables RES resource files LPM localization project manager RFC request for comments LQA language quality assurance RFP request for proposal LSB least significant byte RFQ request for quote LSE language search engine RLV regional language vendor LSP language service provider; localization service provider ROA return on assets l10n localization LTI localization, translation and interpretation ROI return on investment L2 second language ROK Republic of Korea LVT linguistic verification testing RONA return on net assets RPG role-playing game M&A mergers and acquisitions RQM resource quality management MAC media access control RTF rich text format MAPI message application programming interface RTL right to left MARTIF machine-readable terminology interchange format RTT real-time translation MAT machine-aided/assisted translation MBCS multibyte character set SaaS software as a service MBO management by objective SBMT statistical-based machine translation MENA Middle East and North Africa SC Simplified Chinese MI machine interpretation SCL system control language MIME multipurpose internet mailer extensions SCM supply chain management ML markup languages SDK software development kit MLS multiple listing service SDML signed document markup language MLV multilanguage vendor SEL self-extensible language MMOG massively multiplayer online game SEO search engine optimization MMORPG massively multiplayer online role-playing game SGML standard generalized markup language MT machine translation SL source language MUD multiuser domain SLA service level agreement MUI multilingual user interface SLV single-language vendor 58 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 58 1/10/13 11:57 AM Acronyms & AbbreviAtions SMB small and medium-sized businesses WYSIWYG What You See Is What You Get SME small and medium-size enterprises; subject matter expert SMG screen management guidelines XAML Extensible Application Markup Language SMI structure of management information XCCS Xerox Character Code Standard SMT statistical machine translation XDR External Data Representation SMTP simple mail transfer protocol XHTML Extensible HyperText Markup Language SMTS statistical machine translation software XLIFF XML Localization Interchange File Format SOA service-oriented architecture XML Extensible Markup Language SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol xml:tm XML-based Text Memory SOP standard operating procedure XSL Extensible Stylesheet Language SOV subject-object-verb XSLT Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformation SRX Segmentation Rules eXchange STT speech-to-text ZWNBS zero width no break space ST source text STE Simplified Technical English lossAry SVO subject-verb-object G
T&D transmission and distribution A TBX TermBase eXchange TC Traditional Chinese abductive reasoning. In artificial intelligence and philosophy, reasoning TEnT translation environment tool based on possible or hypothesized causes or explanations. It involves infer- TES transfer encoding syntax ring the best or most plausible explanation from a given set of facts or data. TIF Terminology Interchange Format Abilene Paradox. A paradox in which a group of people collectively decides TKK Translation Toolkit format on a course of action that is counter to the preferences of any of the individ- TL target language uals in the group. It involves a common breakdown of group communication TM translation memory in which each member mistakenly believes that his or her own preference is TMF terminology markup framework counter to the group’s and, thus, the person does not raise objections. TMS translation memory system advanced leveraging. Within computer-aided translation tools, advanced TMX Translation Memory eXchange leveraging combines statistical analysis and linguistic intelligence to TOC table of contents create a new category of fuzzy matches that can lead to an increase in TR technical report translation productivity. It features full-text indexing capabilities that TRP translation request package allow users to search and retrieve text strings of any length, such as full TSP translation service provider and fuzzy segments, paragraphs, terms and even subsegments. TTS text-to-speech agile. In this context, agile methods break tasks into small iterations with TU translation unit minimal planning. Each iteration involves a team working through a full 24/7 something that happens around the clock, seven days a week software development cycle, for example, which speeds up release of the TXML Tracker eXtensible Markup Language product. agglutination. In linguistics, combining short words or word elements into UAE United Arab Emirates a single word in order to express compound ideas. UCD Unicode Character Database American National Standards Institute (ANSI). An organization of Ameri- UCS universal character set can industry groups that work with other nations to develop standards in UI user interfaces facilitating telecommunications, character encoding and international trade. ULF universal learning format UN United Nations American Sign Language (ASL). The dominant sign language of the deaf UPT universal personal telecommunications community in the United States, in the English-speaking parts of Canada URI uniform/universal resource identifier and in parts of Mexico. Although the United Kingdom and the United URL uniform resource locator States share English as a spoken and written language, British Sign Lan- UTC coordinated universal time; Unicode Technical Committee guage is quite different from ASL and not mutually intelligible. UTX Universal Terminology Exchange American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII). The worldwide standard for the code numbers used by computers to represent VAR value-added reseller all the uppercase and lowercase Latin letters, numbers, punctuation and other symbols. VBA Visual Basic for Applications VC venture capital anglophone. Someone who speaks the English language natively or by VFY viscose filament yarn adoption. The term specifically refers to people whose cultural back- VID visual inferface design ground is primarily associated with the English language, regardless of VISCII Vietnamese Standard Code for Information Interchange ethnic and geographical differences. VOIP voice over internet protocol application programming interface (API). A software interface that VPN virtual private network enables applications to communicate with each other. An API is the set of VR virtual reality; voice recognition programming language constructs or statements that can be coded in an application program to obtain the specific functions and services provided by an underlying operating system or service program. W3C World Wide Web Consortium WAN wide area networks application service provider (ASP). A service, usually a business, that provides WAP wireless application protocols remote access to an application program across a network protocol, typically WBS work breakdown structure HTTP. A common example is a website that other websites use for accepting WBT web-based training payment by credit card as part of its online ordering systems. WCM web content management audio description (AD). A term used to describe the descriptive narration WIP work in progress of key visual elements in a video or multimedia product. AD makes the WORM write-once, read-many visual images of media accessible for people who are blind and visually WSDL Web Service Description Language impaired. The visual is made verbal. In AD, narrators typically describe www.multilingual.com 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 MultiLingual | 59
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 59 1/10/13 11:57 AM GlossAry actions, gestures, scene changes and other visual information. They also not revenue from a product or service has the ability to cover the costs describe titles, speaker names and other text that may appear on the screen. of production of that product or service. Company executives can use automated machine translation (AMT). AMT and Caterpillar Techni- this information in making a wide range of business decisions, including cal English are development project collaborations between Caterpillar, setting prices, preparing competitive bids and applying for loans. Inc., and Carnegie Mellon University to further improve the creation and BRIC. An acronym that refers to the fast growing and developing econo- translation of technical documentation into three core languages: Span- mies of Brazil, Russia, India and China. ish, French and German. business ethics. Examines ethical principles and moral or ethical prob- automatic content enrichment (ACE). A bridge between single language lems that arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of busi- websites and localization, ACE technology associates English words and ness conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and business phrases on web pages with pop-ups containing information in a user’s organizations as a whole. native language. byte-order mark (BOM). A Unicode character that indicates the byte B order of the Unicode text that follows. back translation. The process of translating a document that has already been translated into another language back to the original language — C captive center. A company-owned offshore operation. The activities are preferably by an independent translator. performed offshore, but they are not outsourced to another company. Balkans. A geopolitical and cultural region of southeastern Europe. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains, which run through the cascading style sheet (CSS). An external format that determines the layout center of Bulgaria into eastern Serbia. of tagged file formats such as HTML. Baltic states. The Baltic states are three countries in northern Europe, casual games. A category of electronic or computer games targeted at all members of the European Union: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. After a mass audience, casual games usually have a few simple rules and an centuries of foreign domination, the Baltic countries were reestablished as engaging game design, thereby making it easy for a new player to begin independent nations in the aftermath of World War I in 1918-1920. playing the game in just minutes. Casual games require no long-term time commitment or special skills to play, and there are comparatively low bidirectional (writing system). A writing system in which text is gener- production and distribution costs for the producer. ally flush right, and most characters are written from right to left, but some text is written left to right as well. Arabic and Hebrew are the only Catalan. A Romance language, the national and official language of bidirectional writing systems in current use. Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communi- ties of the Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia — where it is known as bidirectional text (bidi). A mixture of characters within a text where Valencian — and in the city of Alghero on the Italian island of Sardinia. some are read from left to right and others from right to left. Bidirectional Although with no official recognition, it is also spoken in the autonomous or bidi refers to an application that allows for this variance. communities of Aragon and Murcia in Spain, and in the historic Roussillon Big5. The name of the Chinese character set and encoding used exten- region of southern France. sively in Taiwan. Big5 is not a national standard, but is equivalent to the Caterpillar Technical English (CTE). Consists of a controlled vocabulary — first two planes of CNS 11643-1992. approximately 80,000 technical terms — and all of the English grammatical Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU). An algorithm for evaluating structures required when writing technical documentation. CTE ensures that the quality of text that has been machine translated from one natural lan- automated machine translation is able to translate what authors write in guage to another. Quality is considered to be the correspondence between English. a machine’s output and that of a human. The closer that a machine translation is to a human translation, the better it is. BLEU was one of Catch-22. A term coined by Joseph Heller in his 1961 novel Catch-22, the first metrics to achieve a high correlation with human judgments of describing a false dilemma where no real choice exists. A familiar example quality and remains one of the most popular. Scores are calculated for of this circumstance occurs in the context of job searching. In moving individual translated segments — generally sentences — by comparing from school to a career, a graduate may encounter a Catch-22 where one them with a set of good quality reference translations. Those scores are cannot get a job without work experience, but one cannot gain experience then averaged over the whole corpus to reach an estimate of the trans- without a job. lation’s overall quality. Intelligibility or grammatical correctness is not CE marking. The letters CE are the abbreviation of the French phrase con- taken into account. formité Européene that literally means European conformity. CE marking bitext. A merged document comprised of both source language and target on a product is a manufacturer’s declaration that the product complies language versions of a given text. Bitexts are generated by a piece of with the essential requirements of the relevant European health, safety and software called an alignment tool, which automatically aligns the original environmental protection legislations. and translated versions of the same text. Central America. The central geographic region of the Americas. It is the bloggerati (sing. bloggerato). Adapted from literati, the term refers to the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which “A-list bloggers” — popular and/or celebrity bloggers in the blogging connects with South America on the southeast. Central America has tradi- community. tionally consisted of Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. bodyshopping. The practice of using offshore resources and personnel to do small disaggregated tasks within a business environment without any Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Predominantly used to describe former broader intention to offshore an entire business function. Communist countries in Europe after the collapse of the Iron Curtain in 1990. Later, it became an abbreviation mostly — still being not precisely branding. A name, logo, slogan and/or design scheme associated with a defined — referring to the European countries east of Germany and south product or service. Brand recognition and other reactions are created by the use of the product or service and through the influence of advertising, to the Balkan states. In most cases it includes Poland, Czech Republic, design and media commentary. A brand is a symbolic embodiment of all Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and the Baltic states of Estonia, the information connected to the product and serves to create associations Latvia and Lithuania. It sometimes also includes Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova and expectations around it. A brand often includes a logo, fonts, color and Russia. schemes, symbols and sound that may be developed to represent implicit CESU-8. Similar to UTF-8, CESU-8 is a way of representing Unicode text. values, ideas and even personality. CESU-8 uses six bytes for supplementary characters and is not appropriate break-even point. The amount of sales or revenues that a company must for data interchange. generate in order to equal its expenses. In other words, it is the point at character. The smallest component of written language that has semantic which the company neither makes a profit nor suffers a loss; there is no value. A printed or written letter or symbol. In computing, the binary code net loss or gain. Break-even analysis provides insight into whether or used to represent a letter or symbol. 60 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 60 1/10/13 11:57 AM GlossAry character identifier (CID). The key used to access outline (glyph) data in creole language. A stable language that originates from a mixture of CID-keyed fonts. various languages. The majority of creole languages are based on Eng- character set or charset. A defined set of characters used by a specific lish, Portuguese, French, Spanish and other languages — their superstrate computer system where no coded representation is assumed. The mapping language — with local or immigrant languages as substrate languages. of characters from a writing system into a set of binary codes such as ANSI The lexicon of a creole usually consists of words clearly borrowed from a superstrate language, except for phonetic and semantic shifts; on the other or Unicode. hand, the grammar often has original features and may differ substantially CJKV. The abbreviation for the languages Chinese, Japanese, Korean and from those of the superstrate language. Vietnamese. cross-reference. As a noun, an instance within a document that refers to cloud computing. A style of computing in which dynamically scalable and related or synonymous information elsewhere, usually within the same often virtualized resources are provided as a service over the internet. Users work. As a verb, the action of making this connection. need not have knowledge of, expertise in or control over the technology crowdsourcing. The act of taking a task traditionally performed by an infrastructure in the “cloud” that supports them. The term cloud is used as a employee or contractor and outsourcing it to an undefined, generally large metaphor for the internet based on how the internet is depicted in computer group of people, in the form of an open call. For example, the public may network diagrams and is an abstraction for the complex infrastructure it be invited to develop a new technology, carry out a design task, refine an conceals. algorithm or help capture, systematize or analyze large amounts of data. CNS. The Chinese National Standard (CNS) 11643-1992 defines a total of Cyrillic alphabet. Actually a family of alphabets, subsets of which are 48,027 characters and applies the EUC-TW (extended UNIX code-Taiwan) used by certain East and South Slavic languages — Belarusian, Bulgarian, to one-, two- and four-byte encoding. Macedonian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian and Ukrainian — as well as many code page. A table that defines the numeric index (computer code point other languages of the former Soviet Union, Asia and Eastern Europe. With value) associated with each character in a specific set of characters. Each the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union (EU) on January 1, 2007, character in a code page has a numerical index. Cyrillic became the third official alphabet of the EU. code sweep. A special tool that scans program code to identify areas where character encoding will cause problems. Newer, internationalized code D anticipates these problems. DAU/MAU. Daily active users divided by monthly active users. Measures the percentage of players that show up every day to social games. If a computational linguistics. The engineering of systems that process or game’s DAU/MAU is .3, then around a third of the game’s total players analyze written or spoken natural language. It is concerned with the com- are checking in at least once each day. DAU/MAU is commonly thought to putational aspects of the human language. Its goal is to provide computers show how addictive a game is. with the ability to produce and interpret human language. Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA). An XML-based archi- computer-aided translation (CAT). Computer technology applications tecture for authoring, producing and delivering technical information. This that assist in the act of translating text from one language to another. architecture consists of a set of design principles for creating “information- computer-based training (CBT). A form of education in which the student typed” modules at a topic level and for using that content in delivery learns by executing special training programs on a computer. modes such as online help and product support portals on the web. conditional text. Content within a document that is meant to appear in data mining. Analysis of data in a database using tools that look for trends some renditions of the document, but not other renditions. The text is or anomalies without knowledge of the meaning of the data. Data mining conditional in the sense that its inclusion or variation depends on which uses computational techniques from statistics and pattern recognition. version of the document is being produced. desktop publishing (DTP). Using computers to lay out text and graphics consecutive interpreting. The interpreter begins his or her interpretation for printing in magazines, newsletters, brochures and so on. A good DTP of a complete message after the speaker has stopped producing the source system provides precise control over templates, styles, fonts, sizes, color, utterance. At the time that the interpretation is rendered, the interpreter is paragraph formatting, images and fitting text into irregular shapes. the only person in the communication environment who is producing a diacritic. A mark or sign placed under, over or through a Latin script char- message. Normally, in consecutive interpreting, the interpreter is alongside acter that indicates a modification in the phonetic value of the character the speaker, listening and taking notes as the speech progresses. When the with which it is associated. speaker has finished or comes to a pause, the interpreter reproduces the dialect. A variety of a language used by people from a particular geographic message in the target language, in its entirety and as though he or she were area. The number of speakers and the area itself can be of arbitrary size. making the original speech. A dialect is a complete system of verbal communication — oral or signed content management system (CMS). A system used to store and subse- but not necessarily written — with its own vocabulary and/or grammar. quently find and retrieve large amounts of data. CMSs were not originally diaspora. A dispersion of a people from their original homeland or the designed to synchronize translation and localization of content, so most dispersion of an originally homogeneous entity, such as a language or have been partnered with globalization management systems. culture. controlled authoring. Writing for reuse and translation. Controlled author- diphthong. A complex speech sound or glide that begins with one vowel ing is a process that integrates writing with localization so that the text can sound and gradually changes to another within the same syllable, such as be written for reuse and at the same time written for efficient translation. coin, loud and side. controlled languages. Subsets of natural languages whose grammars and disambiguation. The process of rewriting or reconstructing a sentence so dictionaries have been restricted in order to reduce or eliminate both ambi- that one of its possible meanings is singled out. guity and complexity. Also, stylistic rules — such as not using certain verb document type definition (DTD). States what tags and attributes are used tenses or the passive voice — can be created, depending upon the group or to describe content in SGML documents, where each tag is allowed, and organization and its language usage goals. which tags can appear within other tags. controlled vocabulary. The standardization of words that may be used domain. A knowledge domain that a user is interested in or is commu- to search an index, abstract or information database. There is usually a nicating about. A group of computers or devices that share a common published listing or thesaurus of preferred terms identifying the system’s directory database and are administered as a unit. vocabulary. dongle. A security or copy-protection device for commercial computer pro- corpus (pl. corpora). A large body of natural language text used for accu- grams. Programs can use a dongle query at the start of a program to determine mulating statistics on natural language text. Corpora often include extra if the registration is valid and to terminate if the correct code is not present. information such as a tag for each word indicating its part-of-speech and double-byte character set (DBCS). This term has two basic meanings. In perhaps the parse tree for each sentence. CJK (Chinese-Japanese-Korean) computing, the term traditionally means www.multilingual.com 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 MultiLingual | 61
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 61 1/10/13 11:57 AM GlossAry a character set in which every graphic character not representable by an European. Refers to languages such as English, French, Russian and Greek accompanying SBCS (single-byte character set) is encoded in two bytes. that use single-byte encoding schemes for their alphabets. Han characters would generally comprise most of these two-byte char- European Union (EU). An intergovernmental and supranational union of acters. The term can also mean a character set in which all characters 27 democratic member states. The EU was established under that name in — including all control characters — are encoded in two bytes. 1992 by the Treaty on European Union (the Maastricht Treaty). double-byte languages. Languages such as Chinese, Japanese and Korean extended UNIX code (EUC). A multibyte encoding design used to encode (CJK) that use twice as much memory because their characters are more Japanese, Chinese, Korean and Taiwanese on UNIX systems. complex and graphical than Roman alphabet letters. CJK languages are character-based with each character referring to an idea as opposed to a Extensible Markup Language (XML). A programming language/specifica- specific shape. tion pared down from SGML, an international standard for the publica- tion and delivery of electronic information, designed especially for web dubbing. In filmmaking, the process of recording or replacing voices for documents. a motion picture. The term is most commonly used in reference to voices recorded that do not belong to the original actors and speak in a different Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL). A language for expressing style language than the actor is speaking. sheets, controlling formatting and other output behavior. E F e-governance. The public sector’s use of information and communication FIGS. An acronym for the languages French, Italian, German and Spanish. technologies with the aim of improving information and service delivery, file transfer protocol (FTP). A common way to move files between host encouraging citizen participation in the decision-making process and computers and sometimes personal computers. making government more accountable, transparent and effective. francophone. Used to describe a French-speaking person. Geopolitically, it e-government. Refers to a government’s use of information technology refers to a person who speaks French as a first language or who self-iden- to exchange information and services with citizens, businesses and other tifies with this language group. As an adjective, it means French-speaking, arms of government. E-government may be applied by the legislature, whether referring to individuals, groups or places. judiciary or administration in order to improve internal efficiency, the free text. Data that is entered into a field without any formal or pre- delivery of public services or the processes of democratic governance. defined structure other than the normal use of grammar and punctuation. e-learning. The use of internet technology for learning outside of a physi- freelance translator. Also known as a freelancer, an independent transla- cal classroom. tor who sells his or her services to a client on a job-to-job basis or without 80/20 Rule. Also known as Pareto’s Principle, the law of the vital few and a long-term commitment to any one employer. the principle of factor sparsity. The rule states that for many phenomena, full match. A source text segment that corresponds exactly (100%) with a 80% of the consequences stem from 20% of the causes. Management previously stored sentence in a translation memory tool. thinker Joseph M. Juran suggested the principle, and it was named after fuzzy match. Refers to the situation when a phrase or sentence in a trans- the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, who observed that 80% of income lation memory (TM) is similar (but not a 100% match) to the sentence or in Italy was received by 20% of the Italian population. The assumption is phrase the translator is currently working on. The TM tool calculates the that most of the results in any situation are determined by a small number degree of similarity or “fuzziness” as a percentage figure. of causes. This idea is often applied to data such as sales figures: “20% of clients are responsible for 80% of sales volume.” Such a statement is G testable, is likely to be correct and may be helpful in decision making. gamification. The use of game design, game thinking and game mechanics embedded media. Media that can be included in an HTML page, such as to enhance non-game contexts. Real Audio files or GIF animations. Web browsers use multipurpose internet GB 18030. A non-Unicode code page extending the traditional Chinese stan- mail extensions (MIME types), a specification for formatting these non- dard and containing room for 1.6 million characters. GB 18030 can include ASCII messages so that they can be sent over the internet. When a browser one-, two- or four-byte characters and includes support for Mongolian, finds a file in an HTML document with a MIME extension such as .gif, the Tibetan, Yi and Uyghur, as well as all previously supported Chinese scripts. browser knows to display that file as an image. Many e-mail clients also Geert Hofstede. An influential Dutch writer on the interactions between support MIME. national cultures and organizational cultures, and the author of several embedded system. Hardware and software that make up a component of books, including Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, a larger system, often for real-time response, that is expected to function Institutions and Organizations Across Nations and Cultures and Organiza- without human intervention. tions: Software of the Mind, coauthored with his son Gert Jan Hofstede. encoding scheme. Rules for assigning numeric value (code points) to Hofstede’s study demonstrates that national and regional cultural group- characters. Encoding is a method by which a character set is turned into ings affect the behavior of societies and organizations and that they are computerized form for transmission and preservation. persistent across time. endangered language. A language that is at risk of fall ing out of use, gist translation. A less-than-perfect translation performed by machine or generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native automatic translation. speakers, it becomes an extinct language. Global information management Metrics eXchange – Volume (GMX-V). enterprise application interface (EAI). Created to facilitate the flow of A word and character count standard for electronic documents. GMX-V information and to connect transactions among distributed and complex was developed and maintained by OSCAR (Open Standards for Container/ applications and business processes within enterprises. Content Allowing Re-use), a special interest group of LISA (Localization Industry Standards Association). GMX-V, one of the tripartite series of enterprise resource planning (ERP). An amalgamation of a company’s standards from LISA, deals with electronic document metrics. GMX is information systems so that data from various functions such as human made up of the following standards: GMX-V — Volume; GMX-C — Com- resources, inventories and financials are bound together and linked to plexity; and GMX-Q — Quality. customers and vendors. global positioning system (GPS). The only fully functional global navi- escort interpreting. The interpreter accompanies a person or a delegation gation satellite system. Utilizing a constellation of at least 24 medium on a tour, on a visit or to a meeting or interview. These specialists interpret earth orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals, the system on a variety of subjects, both on an informal basis and on a professional enables a GPS receiver to determine its location, speed, direction and time. level, and most of the interpretation is consecutive. GPS is funded by and controlled by the US Department of Defense. While ETSI. European Telecommunications Standards Institute, one of the world’s there are many thousands of civil users of GPS worldwide, the system was most influential producers of telecommunications standards. designed for and is operated by the US military. 62 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 62 1/10/13 11:57 AM GlossAry globalization (g11n). Refers to the process that addresses business issues changes, when it might be more convenient to the end user to change the associated with launching a product globally, such as integrating localiza- detail by some means outside the program. tion throughout a company after proper internationalization and product hashtags. A community-driven convention for adding additional context design. In g11n, the common abbreviation for globalization, the 11 refers and metadata to tweets. Hashtags have the hash or pound symbol (#) to the 11 letters between the g and the n. preceding the tag, for example, #collegefootball, #Beatles or #oilspill. globalization management system (GMS). Focuses on managing the Hashtags can occur anywhere in a tweet. translation and localization cycles and synchronizing those with source hidden Markov model (HMM). A statistical technique with training algo- content management. Provides the capability of centralizing linguistic rithms that can process a large quantity of training data and can automati- assets in the form of translation databases, leveraging glossaries and cally train a system to recognize particular speech patterns. branding standards across global content. hiragana. A flowing phonetic subscript of the native Japanese writing glocal. Derived from the combination of the words global and local. The system. In hiragana, all of the sounds of the Japanese language are repre- word refers to the creation or distribution of products or services intended sented by 50 syllables. for a global or transregional market, but customized to suit local language, laws and culture. Hispanic. A term that historically denoted relation to ancient Hispania (geographically coinciding with the Iberian peninsula — modern-day glocalization. A blending of the words globalization and localization, the term Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar) and/or to its pre-Roman peoples. refers to the individual, group, division, unit, organization or community that The term now refers to the culture and people of Spain plus the Spanish- is willing and able to think globally and act locally. Glocalization emphasizes speaking countries of the Americas. that the globalization of a product is more likely to succeed when the product or service is adapted specifically to each locality or culture in which it is homograph. One of two or more words that have the same spelling but marketed. differ in origin, meaning and sometimes pronunciation. An example is wind (weather) and wind (activity). glossarization. Refers to the process of locating and translating product- specific terminology. All available materials undergo a linguistic review, homophone. A word that has the same pronunciation as another but dif- then are compiled and translated to ensure consistency and fluency among ferent meaning, derivation or spelling. Examples are there and their, foe different versions. and faux, and time and thyme. glossary. In the context of localization, a glossary is a list of source language honorific. Linguistic honorifics convey formality, social distance, polite- terms paired with a list of corresponding terms in the target language. ness, humility, deference or respect through the choice of an alternate form such as an affix or change in person and number. In Japanese, for glyph. The shape representation or pictograph of a character. example, the system of honorifics is extensive and mandatory in many GNU. Short for GNU is Not UNIX. GNU is a UNIX-compatible software social situations. system that is nonproprietary. HyperText Markup Language (HTML). A markup language that uses tags GMX-V. Global information management Metrics eXchange-Volume. A to structure text into headings, paragraphs, lists and links, and tells a web standard that attempts to measure volume by establishing a verifiable way browser how to display text and images on a web page. of calculating the primary word and character counts for a given electronic document, as well as establishing a specific XML vocabulary that enables I the automatic exchange of metric data. “I” form interpretation. Interpretation in the first person, where the inter- google. As a verb, refers to using the Google search engine to obtain infor- preter acts as a neutral portal and attempts to capture the feeling and tone mation on the web. of whomever he or she is interpreting for. gross domestic product (GDP). One of the measures of national income ideographic language. A written language in which each character and output for a given country’s economy. The most common approach to represents an idea, concept or other component of meaning, rather than measuring and quantifying GDP is the expenditure method: GDP = con- pronunciation alone. Japanese kanji, Chinese hanzi and Korean hanja are sumption + gross investment + government spending + (exports – imports). examples of ideographic writing systems. gross margin. The amount of contribution to the business enterprise, after information retrieval. The science of searching for information in docu- paying for direct-fixed and direct-variable unit costs, required to cover ments, searching for documents themselves, searching for metadata that overheads (fixed commitments) and to provide a buffer for unknown items. describe documents or searching within databases, whether relational It expresses the relationship between gross profit and sales revenue. stand-alone databases or hypertext networked databases such as the inter- guanxi. A central concept in Chinese society and describing the basic net or intranets, for text, sound, images or data. dynamic in personalized networks of influence. Guanxi is, in part, a per- input method editor (IME). A way to input via keyboard that makes use of sonal connection between two people in which one is able to prevail upon additional windows for character editing or selection in order to facilitate another to perform a favor or service or be prevailed upon. The two people entry of alternate writing systems. need not be of equal social status. It could also be a network of contacts, internationalization (i18n). Especially in a computing context, the pro- which an individual can call upon when something needs to be done and cess of generalizing a product so that it can handle multiple languages through which he or she can exert influence on behalf of another. and cultural conventions — currency, number separators, dates and so on — without the need for redesign. In i18n, the common abbreviation for H internationalization, the 18 refers to the 18 letters between the i and the n. hangul. Invented in the fifteenth century, the native alphabet of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). A network of Korean language, as opposed to the nonalphabetic hanja system borrowed national standards institutes from 145 countries working in partnership with from China. Each hangul syllabic block consists of several of the 24 letters international organizations, governments, industry, business and consumer (jamo) — 14 consonants and 10 vowels. representatives. ISO acts as a bridge between public and private sectors. hanja. The Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically, it refers internaut. A cyber slang term for a designer, operator or technically capable to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into professional user of the internet, someone who is ultra-familiar with the the Korean language with Korean pronunciation. internet as an entity and with cyberspace in general. The word is a combina- hanzi. A logogram, literally meaning Han character, used in writing Chi- tion of internet and astronaut. Other terms roughly analogous with inter- nese. These Chinese characters have also been borrowed for use in Japa- naut are cybernaut and netizen, though each has its own connotation. The nese (kanji), less frequently Korean (hanja), and formerly Vietnamese (hán common thread among them, however, is an implication of experience and tự), and other languages. knowledge of the internet or cyberspace that goes beyond the casual user. hard-coding. Refers to the software development practice of embed- Inuktitut. The name of the varieties of the Inuit language spoken in ding data directly into the source code or fixed formatting. Hard-coding Canada, including parts of the provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador, requires the program’s source code to be changed any time the desired data Québec, to some extent in northeastern Manitoba as well as the territories www.multilingual.com 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 MultiLingual | 63
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 63 1/10/13 11:57 AM GlossAry of Nunavut, the Northwest Territories and traditionally on the Arctic Ocean lexicography. The act of compiling dictionaries. coast of the Yukon Territory. Inuktitut is recognized as an official language LI18NUX2000 Global Specification. Based on specifications drawn up by in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. several working groups within Li18nux, LI18NUX2000 Global Specifica- tion includes globalization functionality features from commercial UNIX J systems as well as operating system recommendations to ease the develop- Java. A programming language originally developed by Sun Microsystems ment of internationalized application software. and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun’s Java platform. The ligature. Refers to a glyph that is created when two or more characters are language derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but has a simpler combined to form a new, single typographical character. object model and fewer low-level facilities. Java applications are typically compiled to byte code that can run on any Java virtual machine regardless lingua franca. A language that is adopted as a common language between of computer architecture. speakers whose native languages are different. Java Computer-Assisted Translation (JCAT). A Java-based translation tool linguist. Someone who is accomplished in languages. A student or prac- that takes advantage of XML features. JCAT primarily benefits linguists. titioner of the subject of linguistics (the scientific study of languages and their structures). JavaScript. An open-source scripting language for design of interactive websites. JavaScript can interact with HTML source code, enabling web Linux. A free open-source UNIX-type operating system that runs on a developers to use dynamic content. For example, JavaScript makes it easy number of hardware platforms. to respond to user-initiated events (such as form input) without having to LISA. The Localization Industry Standards Association, declared insolvent use common gateway interface. on February 28, 2011. Java Server Pages (JSP). JSP have dynamic scripting capability that works loanword. A word or phrase adopted from another language with little or in tandem with HTML code, separating the page logic from the static ele- no modification. ments — the actual design and display of the page — to help make the locale. An international language and geographic region that also embod- HTML more functional. ies common language and cultural information. Locale differs from JIS. The acronym for the Japanese Industrial Standard, which is the Japa- language in that the same language may be spoken in more than one nese equivalent of ANSI. country. Locale also refers to the features of a user’s computing environ- ment that are dependent on geographic location, language and cultural K information. A locale specifically determines conventions such as sort kana. The two Japanese syllabaries — hiragana and katakana. order rules; date, time and currency formats; keyboard layout; and other cultural conventions. kanji. The Chinese characters that are used in the modern Japanese logographic writing system along with hiragana, katakana and the Hindu- localization (l10n). The process of adapting a product or software to a Arabic numerals. The Japanese term kanji literally means Han characters. specific language or culture so that it seems natural to that particular Despite the existence of some 13,000 kanji characters, these alone do not region. True localization considers language, culture, customs and the suffice to write Japanese. Hiragana characters are also required to express characteristics of the target locale. It frequently involves changes to the grammatical inflections. software’s writing system and may change keyboard use and fonts as well as date, time and monetary formats. In l10n, the common abbreviation for katakana. A Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing localization, the 10 refers to the ten letters between the l and the n. system along with hiragana, kanji and in some cases the Latin alphabet. The word katakana means fragmentary kana, as they are derived from the long tail. The statistical property that a large share of the popula- components of more complex kanji. Katakana are characterized by short tion rests within the tail of a probability distribution. In localization, it straight strokes and angular corners and are the simplest of the Japa- refers to the large number or languages or cultures that taken uniquely nese scripts. Katakana and hiragana both render the same syllables, but would only represent small percentages of world population. The term katakana is angular and used largely to spell words borrowed from other has gained popularity in recent times as a retailing concept describing languages, while hiragana is cursive and is used more frequently to spell the niche strategy of selling a large number of unique items in relatively native Japanese words. small quantities. The term was popularized by Chris Anderson in an October 2004 Wired magazine article, in which he mentioned Amazon kernel. The central module of an operating system, it loads first and and Netflix as examples of businesses applying this strategy. remains in memory to control memory management, disk management, and process and task management. lossy. Describes a compression algorithm that reduces the amount of infor- mation in data, rather than just the number of bits used to represent that keyword. Any word on a web page. Keyword searching is the most com- information. mon form of text search on the web. Most search engines do their text query and retrieval using keywords. M machine-aided translation (MAT). Computer technology applications L that assist in the translation of text from one spoken language to another, Latin America. The region of the Americas where Romance languages — based on the concept of translation memory and the reuse of previously those derived from Latin, namely Spanish and Portuguese — are officially translated terms and sentences. or primarily spoken. machine translation (MT). A technology that translates text from one Latina, Latino. The demonyms Latina (feminine) and Latino (masculine) human language to another, using terminology glossaries and advanced are defined in several English language dictionaries as persons of Hispanic, grammatical, syntactic and semantic analysis techniques. especially Latin American, descent, often living in the United States. In the United States, the term is in official use in the ethnonym Hispanic or Maghreb. Usually defined as most of the region of North Africa west of Egypt. Latino, defined as “a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or It is partially isolated from the rest of the continent by the Atlas Mountains and Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race.” the Sahara desert. Berber activists have called the region Tamazgha, meaning Neither Hispanic nor Latino refers to a race, as a person of Latino or His- land of the Berbers, since the second half of the twentieth century. panic ethnicity can be of any race. massive online collaboration. Massive collaboration is a form of collective learning management system (LMS). Software that automates the admin- action that occurs when large numbers of people work independently on a istration of training events. single project, often modular in its nature. Such projects typically take place on the internet using social software and computer-supported collaboration lemmatize. To sort so as to group together inflected or variant forms of tools that provide a potentially infinite hypertextual substrate within which the same words. the collaboration may be situated. A key aspect that distinguishes massive leverage/leveraging. Refers to the amount of previously translated text collaboration from other forms of large-scale collaboration is that the from an earlier release that can be reused or recycled. collaborative process is mediated by the content being created — as 64 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 64 1/10/13 11:57 AM GlossAry opposed to being mediated by direct social interaction as in other forms of nearshoring. A form of outsourcing in which an activity — for example, collaboration. business processes or software development — is relocated to locations massively multiplayer online game (MMOG). A type of computer game that are, generally, cheaper and yet geographically nearer than offshore that enables hundreds or thousands of players to simultaneously interact locations. in a game world to which they are connected via the internet. .NET. Microsoft platform for applications that work over the internet. massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG). A multi- netizen. A blend of internet and citizen, a person actively involved in player computer role-playing game that enables thousands of players to online communities. Netizens use the internet to engage in activities of play in an evolving virtual world at the same time over the internet. the extended social groups of the web — for example, giving and receiving MENA. An acronym for Middle East and North Africa. The list of countries viewpoints, furnishing information, fostering the internet as an intellectual and territories has no standard definition, and sometimes spreads as far as and social resource, and making choices for the self-assembled communi- Malta, Azerbaijan and Somalia. ties. Generally, a netizen can be any user of the worldwide, unstructured forums of the internet. mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Refers to the aspect of corporate strat- egy, corporate finance and management dealing with the buying, selling notified bodies. Organizations designated by the national governments of the and combining of different companies that can aid, finance or help a member states of the European Union as being competent to make indepen- growing company in a given industry expand rapidly without having to dent judgments about whether or not a product complies with the protection create another business entity. — essential safety — requirements laid down by each CE marking directive. metadata. Structural metadata covers the design and specification of data structures, while descriptive metadata is about individual instances of O application data, or the data content. Metadata is often described as data OASIS. Organization for Advancement of Structured Information Stan- about data, or data about data context. dards (formerly called SGML Open). An IT standardization consortium based in the state of Massachusetts. Its foundational sponsors include IBM metrics. Denotes the science of measuring as applied to a specific field and Microsoft. Localization buy-side, toolmakers and service providers are of study. also well represented. morpheme. The smallest linguistic unit that has semantic meaning. OAXAL. OASIS Open Architecture for XML Authoring and Localization. A morphology. The branch of grammar that studies the structure or forms technical committee encouraging the development of an open standards of words. The main branches are inflectional morphology, derivational approach to XML authoring and localization. morphology and compounding. OSCAR. LISA’s technical committee (special interest group) for actual multilingual. Refers to software that supports more than one language standardization work. Explanation of the acronym is somewhat strained, simultaneously, thereby allowing the end user to select multiple languages meaning Open Standards for Container/Content Allowing Reuse. OSCAR and formats. This software allows data containing multiple languages to be was dissolved along with LISA in February 2008. entered, processed, presented and transmitted multinationally. offshore outsourcing (offshoring). The practice of engaging a third-party multilingual workflow system (MWS). A computer program that creates provider in another country — often on another continent or “shore” — to an environment to support and orchestrate a range of activities that facili- perform tasks or services often performed in-house. tate the development of multilingual products. An MWS should contain ontology. An explicit formal specification of how to represent the objects, a globalization management system for managing multilingual content, along with translation memory and machine translation. concepts and other entities that are assumed to exist in some area of inter- est and the relationships that hold among them. multimedia. In computing, multimedia describes a number of diverse tech- nologies that allow visual and audio media to be combined. Entertainment, open-source software. Any computer software distributed under a license education and advertising applications, among others, use a computer to that allows users to change and/or share the software freely. End users present and combine text, graphics, video, animation and sound. have the right to modify and redistribute the software, as well as the right to package and sell the software. multimodal. Multimodal access for a personal computer, telephone, per- sonal digital assistant and other devices allows input via speech, keyboard, OpenI18N certification. A certification program that uses an indepen- mouse, stylus and/or other methods; outputs include speech, audio and dent authority to verify whether a Linux distribution is adhering to the graphical displays. industry-developed internationalization standard. OpenType fonts. OpenType fonts are cross-platform, self-contained files N and contain advanced typographic features such as glyph substitution and n-gram. A sequence of items, such as letters or words, can be predicted metrics overrides. using n-gram models to show probability, where n refers to the number of operating system (OS). The software that drives the hardware associated items in the sequence. Some stemming techniques use the n-gram context with a computer system. of a word to choose the correct stem. optical character recognition (OCR). Recognition of printed or written Namespaces. XML Namespaces provide a simple method for qualifying ele- characters by a computer. Involves computer software designed to trans- ment and attribute names used in Extensible Markup Language (XML) docu- late images of typewritten text — usually captured by a scanner — into ments by associating them with namespaces identified by URI references. XML machine-editable text or to translate pictures of characters into a standard Namespaces are the solution to the problem of ambiguity and name collisions. encoding scheme representing them in ASCII or Unicode. nanosyntax. A term used to describe an approach to syntax in which syntac- original equipment manufacturer (OEM). OEMs buy computers in bulk tic trees are built up out of a large number of elements. Each morpheme may and customize them for a particular application. OEMs then sell the cus- correspond to several such elements, which do not have to form a subtree. tomized computers under their own names. Therefore, OEMs are really the national language support (NLS). A function that allows a software appli- customizers and not the original manufacturers of the equipment. cation to set the locale for the user, identify the language in which the user outsource. To hire a third-party provider to perform tasks or services often works, and retrieve strings — representing times, dates and other informa- performed in-house. tion — formatted correctly for the specified language and location. NLS also includes support for keyboard layouts and language-specific fonts. P natural language processing (NLP). A main focus of computational lin- PanImages. From the Greek prefix pan, meaning whole or all-inclusive, an guistics, the aim of NLP is to devise techniques to automatically analyze image search engine that automatically translates a search term into about large quantities of spoken (transcribed) or written text in ways that parallel 300 other languages, suggests a few that might work and then displays what happens when humans perform this task. images from Google and the online photo database Flickr. www.multilingual.com 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 MultiLingual | 65
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 65 1/10/13 11:57 AM GlossAry parser. A computer program that takes a set of sentences as input and identifies the structure of the sentences according to a given grammar. The R term parser is sometimes used generically in cases where the sentences are radical. The root or base form of a word. The building blocks of Chinese made up of information units of any kind. characters of which the most common set contains 214 radicals. Radicals themselves are composed of strokes. pay per click (PPC). An advertising technique used on websites, advertis- ing networks and search engines. With search engines, PPC advertisements Resource Description Framework (RDF). A formal data model from the are usually text ads placed near search results. When a site visitor clicks on World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) for machine understandable metadata the advertisement, the advertiser is charged a small amount. used to provide standard descriptions of web resources. personalization. Sometimes referred to as one-to-one marketing, per- return on investment (ROI). In finance, the ratio of money gained or lost sonalization involves using technology to accommodate the differences on an investment relative to the amount of money invested. The amount among individuals. Web pages are personalized based on the characteris- of money gained or lost may be referred to as interest, profit/loss, gain/ tics — interests, social category, context and so on — of an individual. Per- loss or net income/loss. sonalization is a means of meeting the customer’s needs more effectively right-to-left languages. Languages such as Hebrew, Arabic, Urdu and and efficiently, making interactions faster and easier, and, consequently, Farsi are written primarily right to left. This text flow presents significant increasing customer satisfaction and the likelihood of repeat visits. text and graphic layout implications. phonology. The part of linguistics that deals with systems of sounds espe- romaji. The application of the Latin alphabet to write the Japanese lan- cially in a particular language. guage. Japanese who have attended elementary school since World War II pinyin. More formally Hanyu pinyin, the most commonly used Romanization have been taught to read and write romanized Japanese. Therefore, almost system for Standard Mandarin. Hanyu is the Han (Chinese) language, and all Japanese are able to read and write Japanese using romaji. pinyin means phonetics or, more literally, spelling sound or spelled sound. romanization. In linguistics, the representation of a word or language with plug-ins. Software modules that add a specific feature or service to a the Roman (Latin) alphabet, or a system for doing so, where the original larger system. word or language uses a different writing system. porteño. A common reference to the people of Buenos Aires, Argentina. In rule-based machine translation (RBMT). The application of sets of lin- Spanish, it literally describes a person who is from a port city, and is also guistic rules that are defined as correspondences between the structure used as an adjective for anything related to those port cities. of the source language and that of the target language. The first stage pretranslation. Involves the preparation of files for translation where the involves analyzing the input text for morphology and syntax — and some- existing files already contain related segments of previously translated times semantics — to create an internal representation. The translation data. Only 100% matches are replaced, with the result being a set of files is then generated from this representation using extensive lexicons with containing both source and target language terminology. morphological, syntactic and semantic information, and large sets of rules. project management (PM). The systematic planning, organizing and controlling of allocated resources to accomplish project cost, time and per- S formance objectives. PM is normally reserved for focused, nonrepetitive, SAE J2450. A translation quality metric developed by a subcommittee of the time-limited activities with some degree of risk. Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) for use in the automotive industry. project manager. A professional in the field of project management. He Sanskrit. A historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical or she has the responsibility of the planning, execution and closing of language of Hinduism, Jainism and Mahayana Buddhism. Currently, it is any project. Key project management responsibilities include creating clear an official language of the state of Uttarakhand in northern India. and attainable project objectives, building the project requirements and managing the triple constraint for projects — cost, time and scope. search engine. A program designed to help find information stored on a computer system such as the worldwide web or a personal computer. A prosumer. This word is becoming fairly common but can be confusing, and has search engine allows a user to ask for content meeting specific criteria — two meanings. Futurist Alvin Toffler in his 1980 book The Third Wave coined the word as a blend of producer and consumer when he predicted that the role typically those containing a given word, phrase or name — and retrieves a of producers and consumers would begin to blur and merge. Toffler used it to list of references that match those criteria. describe a possible future type of consumer who would become involved in the search engine optimization (SEO). A set of methods aimed at improving the design and manufacture of products so that they could be made to individual ranking of a website in search engine listings. SEO is primarily concerned specification. The second usage describes a purchaser of technical equipment with advancing the goals of a website by improving the number and position who wants to obtain goods of a better quality than consumer items, but can’t of its organic search results for a wide variety of relevant keywords. afford professional items — older terms for goods of this intermediate quality are Segmentation Rules eXchange (SRX). The vendor-neutral standard for semiprofessional and industrial quality. Here, the word is a blend of professional describing how translation and other language-processing tools segment and consumer. text for processing. It allows translation memory and other linguistic tools pseudo-localization. Translates the code strings of a product into “pseudo- to describe the language-specific processes by which text is broken into strings.” The resulting “pseudo-language” is designed to test the impact segments (usually sentences or paragraphs) for further processing. that different aspects of localization have on the product’s functionality semantic. Part of the structure of language, along with phonology, mor- and appearance. phology, syntax and pragmatics, which involves understanding the mean- pseudo-translation. Similar to a test run that seeks to copy the translation ing of words, sentences and texts. process rather than actually produce a translation. A text string is taken and put through a translation-like process that alters it and produces a new Semantic Web. An extension of the worldwide web that provides a com- string. The text string is frequently changed as a result of this process, so mon framework allowing data to be shared and reused across application, pseudo-translation is done to illustrate the potential problems that may enterprise and community boundaries. It is based on Resource Description occur when the translation is actually done. Framework (RDF), which integrates a variety of applications using XML for syntax and URLs for naming. Q serious games. Computer and video games that are intended to not only quality assurance (QA). The activity of providing evidence needed to entertain users, but have additional purposes such as education and training. establish confidence among all concerned that quality-related activi- They can be similar to educational games and are primarily focused on an ties are being performed effectively. All those planned or systematic audience outside of primary or secondary education. A serious game is usu- actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that a product or ser- ally a simulation that has the look and feel of a game, but is actually a simu- vice will satisfy given requirements for quality. QA covers all activities lation of real-world events or processes. The main goal of a serious game is from design, development, production and installation to servicing and usually to train or educate users, though it may have other purposes, such documentation. as marketing or advertisement, while giving them an enjoyable experience. 66 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 66 1/10/13 11:57 AM GlossAry service-oriented architecture (SOA). A software architectural concept that downloaded to decompress audio/video files for listening or viewing. defines the use of services to support the requirements of software users. Streaming video is usually sent from prerecorded video files, but can be sight translation. With sight translation, the input is visual (the written broadcast live. word) rather than oral (the spoken word). Reading comprehension is an supply chain management (SCM). An electronic alternative to the tradi- important element of sight translation. tional paper chain, enabling participating suppliers to access up-to-date simple object access protocol (SOAP). A standard for exchanging XML- company information and enabling companies to better manage and track based messages over a computer network, normally using HTTP. supply and demand. Simplified Chinese. Refers to one of two standard Chinese character sets sustaining engineering. Engineering and technical support that follows of printed contemporary Chinese written language, officially simplified by release of requirements and specifications in the path to deliver an end the government of the People’s Republic of China in an attempt to pro- product. Sustaining engineers are responsible for a system’s upkeep, and mote literacy. Simplified Chinese is used in mainland China and Singapore, monitoring the data it creates. modified to be written with fewer strokes per character. syllabary. A table of syllables or more specifically a set of the syllabic simship. A term used to refer to the simultaneous shipment of software prod- symbols/characters in which each character represents a syllable, used in ucts in different languages or with other distinguishing differences in design. certain languages such as Japanese. simultaneous interpreting. The interpreter reformulates the message into syntax. The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sen- the target language as quickly as possible while the source speaker is speak- tence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences. ing. Normally, in simultaneous interpreting between spoken languages, the interpreter sits at a microphone in a soundproof booth, usually with a T clear view of the speaker, listening through headphones to the incoming target language (TL). The language that a source text is being translated into. message in the source language. The interpreter then relays the message in TBCS-EUC. A triple-byte character set (TBCS) encoded according to the the target language into the microphone to whoever is listening. specification of the extended UNIX code (EUC). single-source concept. Documentation according to single-source concept TBX. TermBase eXchange standard. A standard for terminology and term means using a common source to provide documentation in several output formats (printed manual, online help). exchange. social games. In this context, a social network game, a type of online technical committee (TC). Standardization bodies usually own, create, game distributed primarily through social networks such as Facebook. maintain and update technical standards through purpose-specific techni- Social games are usually characterized by community, often built around cal committees. In organizational structures such as OASIS, Unicode and the existing social network, and the ability to drop in and out of the game ISO, they are called technical committees, while in others such as W3C without ever winning or losing. they are not. They may also be referred to as an Industry Specification Group, Working Group, Special Interest Group and so on. social media. Refers to the web-based and mobile technologies used to turn communication into an interactive dialogue. It builds on the ideologi- telephone interpreting. The interpreter, who is usually based in a remote cal and technological foundations of Web 2.0, and typically allows for the location, provides interpretation via telephone for two individuals who do creation and exchange of user-generated content. Social media can take on not speak the same language. Most often, telephone interpreting is per- many different forms, including internet forums, social networking sites, formed in the consecutive mode. This means that the interpreter listens to blogs, microblogging, wikis and interactive visual media. each utterance first and then proceeds to render it into the other language, as opposed to speaking and listening simultaneously. social network. An online service, platform or site that focuses on building social relations among people, who, for example, share interests or activi- terminology management. Primarily concerned with manipulating termi- ties. A social network service essentially consists of a representation of nological resources for specific purposes — for example, establishing each user (often a profile), his or her social links and a variety of additional repositories of terminological resources for publishing dictionaries, services. Most social network services are web-based and provide means maintaining terminology databases, ad hoc problem solving in finding for users to interact over the internet. Facebook, LinkedIn and Foursquare multilingual equivalences in translation work or creating new terms in are popular social networks used for different purposes. technical writing. Terminology management software provides the trans- lator a means of automatically searching a given terminology database source language (SL). A language that is to be translated into another for terms appearing in a document, either by automatically displaying language. terms in the translation memory software interface window or through South America. A continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the West- the use of hotkeys to view the entry in the terminology database. ern Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere. It is bordered on terminology manager. A computer technology application tool that the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic assists in the translation of text from one spoken language to another. Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest. tidy functions. Tidy is a binding for the Tidy HTML clean and repair util- SRX. Segmentation Rules eXchange. An XML-based standard used to ity that allows a user to not only clean and otherwise manipulate HTML describe how to segment text for translation and other language-related documents, but also traverse the document tree. processes. It was created to enhance the leverage of the TMX standard. time-to-market. The length of time it takes from a product being con- standard generalized markup language (SGML). An international stan- ceived until it is available for sale. Time-to-market is crucial in industries dard for information exchange that prescribes a standard format for using where products are outdated quickly. descriptive markup within a document, defining three document layers: structure, content and style. TKK. Stands for Translation Toolkit. The native bilingual format for Alchemy CATALYST, which supports previous versions of Alchemy CATA- statistical machine translation (SMT). A machine translation paradigm where translations are generated on the basis of statistical models whose LYST project files. parameters are derived from the analysis of bilingual text corpora. SMT TMX. Translation Memory eXchange. An open XML standard for the is the translation of text from one human language to another by a com- exchange of translation memory data created by computer-aided transla- puter that learned how to translate from vast amounts of translated text. tion and localization tools. stemming. The process of reducing inflected words to their base or root token (tokenization). The fundamental elements making up the text of a form. There are several types of stemming algorithms of varying accuracy, C program. Tokens are identifiers, keywords, constants, strings, operators but having a stemming algorithm in place can be important in linguistic and other separators. White space — such as spaces, tabs, new lines and information retrieval. comments — is ignored except where it is necessary to separate tokens. streaming. Streaming allows a computer user to see and hear an audio/ Traditional Chinese. A Chinese character set that is consistent with the video file as it is transferred. Player programs for platforms such as original Chinese ideographic form that is several thousand years old. Windows Media, RealNetworks and QuickTime (available free) must be Today, traditional characters are used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau and www.multilingual.com 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 MultiLingual | 67
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 67 1/10/13 11:57 AM GlossAry by some overseas Chinese communities, especially those originating from United Arab Emirates (UAE). A federation of seven emirates, each the aforementioned regions/countries or who emigrated before the wide- administered by a hereditary emir, situated in the southeast of the Ara- spread adoption of simplified characters in the People’s Republic of China. bian Peninsula in Southwest Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman translation. The process of converting all of the text or words from the and Saudi Arabia. The UAE consists of Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al source language to the target language. An understanding of the context Khaimah, Ajman, Umm Al Qaiwain and Fujairah. An emirate is a political or meaning of the source language must be established in order to convey territory that is ruled by a dynastic Muslim monarch-styled emir. the same message in the target language. Universal Learning Format (ULF). A modular set of XML-based formats translation memory (TM). A special database that stores previously trans- for capturing and exchanging various types of e-learning data. lated sentences which can then be reused, in full or in part, on a sentence- Universal Terminology eXchange (UTX). A format for user-created by-sentence basis. The database matches source to target language pairs. dictionaries with source language and target language entries. UTX is Translation Memory eXchange (TMX). Based on XML, an open standard intended to absorb the differences between various formats for machine that has been designed to simplify and automate the process of converting translation. UTX can be used for other purposes, especially in the domain translation memories from one format to another. of natural language processing. translation memory system (TMS). A tool for computer-aided transla- UNIX. A multiuser, multitasking operating system. It was one of the first tion. The translation memory (TM) stores the original text and its human operating systems to be written in a higher level programming language, translation in manageable units. The TM system proposes the translation thus making it hardware-independent. whenever the same or a similar unit occurs again. usability. The ease that users experience in navigating an interface, translation portal. A website or service that offers a broad array of locating information and obtaining knowledge over the internet. resources via the internet, thus providing a marketplace for translation agencies, freelance translators and customers to exchange services. V translation unit (TU). A segment of a text that the translator treats as a variable. In computer programming, variables enable programmers to single cognitive unit for the purposes of establishing an equivalence. The write flexible programs. Rather than entering data directly into a pro- translation unit may be a single word, a phrase, one or more sentences or gram, a programmer can use variables to represent the data. Then, when even a larger unit. the program is executed, the variables are replaced with real data. This transliteration. To write or print a letter or word using the closest corre- makes it possible for the same program to process different sets of data. sponding letters of a different alphabet or language. A systematic way to vector-based. Refers to software and hardware that use geometrical for- convert characters in one alphabet or phonetic sounds into another alphabet. mulas to represent images (same as object-oriented graphics). truncation. Truncating text lines in the display means leaving out any video game. A game that involves interaction with a user interface to text on a line that does not fit within the right margin of the window generate visual feedback on a video device. The electronic systems used displaying it. Also, in database searching, the addition of a symbol at the to play a video game are known as platforms; examples of these are end of a word or word stem so the computer will look for all variants of personal computers and video game consoles. These platforms are broad the word. in range, from large computers to small handheld devices. 24/7. An abbreviation for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, including holi- voiceover. Refers to a production technique where a disembodied voice days and days otherwise that may alter limitations of work. In commerce is broadcast live or prerecorded in radio, television, film, theater and/or and industry, 24/7 identifies a service that will be present regardless of presentation. The voiceover may be spoken by someone who also appears the current time or day, as might be offered by a restaurant, gas station, on-screen in other segments or it may be performed by a specialist voice manned datacenter, supermarket or help information line. actor. tweet. A post or status update on Twitter, a microblogging service. Tweets VoiceXML. The Voice Extensible Markup Language standard enables are text-based posts of up to 140 characters displayed on the author’s voice input and audio output for voice response and multimodal profile page. applications. Twitter. A social networking and microblogging service, owned and oper- ated by Twitter, Inc., that enables its users to send and read other user messages called tweets. W W3C. World Wide Web Consortium. W3C owns many standards, includ- TXML. Tracker eXtensible Markup Language. An XML-based pivot format. ing XML and HTML. The translation memory environment Wordfast Pro uses TXML. web hit. The counting term sometimes used to measure website traffic. The count includes every file used on a web page as a “hit” to that page. U Viewing one page with six graphics would mean at least seven hits. Page uncial writing. A majuscule script commonly used from the third to the views and unique visitors are more accurate measures of website traffic. eighth centuries CE by Latin and Greek scribes. web service. A collection of protocols and standards used for exchanging Unicode. The Unicode Worldwide Character Standard (Unicode) is a char- data between applications or systems. acter encoding standard used to represent text for computer processing. whispering interpreting. Also called chuchotage, the interpreter sits or Originally designed to support 65,000 characters, it now has encoding stands next to the intended audience and interprets simultaneously in a forms to support more than one million characters. whisper. This mode does not require any equipment. Whispered interpre- Unicode Consortium. Home of the Unicode Standard and Common Locale tation is often used in situations when the majority of a group speaks Data Repository (CLDR). Unicode’s goal is to support scripts for all lan- one language, and a limited number of people do not speak the source guages in the world. language. Unicode Localization Interoperability technical committee (ULI). The Win 32/64. Refers primarily to the number of bits that can be processed third Unicode Consortium technical committee was formed in April 2011. or transmitted in parallel, or the number of bits used for a single element ULI has not chartered creating its own standards; instead, it is looking in a data format in a Windows operating system. into localization interoperability related standards behaviors and profiling. Written Chinese. Written Chinese refers to the thousands of symbols or Unicode transfer format (UTF-8). An encoding form of Unicode that Chinese characters used to represent spoken Chinese, along with rules supports ASCII for backward compatibility and covers the characters for and conventions about how they are arranged and punctuated. Chinese most languages in the world. characters do not constitute an alphabet or a compact syllabary. Instead, uniform resource identifier, uniform resource locator (URI, URL). Short they are built up from simpler parts representing objects or abstract strings that identify resources on the web: documents, images, download- notions, although most characters do contain some indication of their able files, services, electronic mailboxes and other resources. pronunciation. 68 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
57-70 AcronymGlossaryAdIndex2012-2013.indd 68 1/10/13 11:57 AM GlossAry xml:tm (XML-based Text Memory). A standard for XML to allow ease of X translation of XML documents. XML Localization Interchange File Format (XLIFF). An XML-based format XSL (eXtensible Stylesheet Language). A language for expressing style for exchanging localization data. Standardized by OASIS in April 2002 and sheets, controlling formatting and other output behavior. aimed at the localization industry, XLIFF specifies elements and attributes to aid in localization. XLIFF could be used to exchange data between com- panies, such as a software publisher and a localization vendor, or between Z localization tools, such as translation memory systems and machine transla- ZWNBS. Zero width no break space (ZWNBS) is also known as the byte tion systems. order mark (BOM) if used at the beginning of a Unicode file. It was originally used in the middle of Unicode files in rare instances where XML (eXtensible Markup Language). A programming language/specification there was an invisible join between two characters where a line break pared down from SGML, an international standard for the publication and must not occur. A new code joiner is being implemented — U+2060 delivery of electronic information, designed especially for web documents. WORD JOINER.
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70 | MultiLingual 2013 Resource Directory & Index 2012 [email protected]
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