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Tower Buildings in Skagway (1897-1916) a Historic Photo Essay (DRAFT)

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Tower Buildings in Skagway (1897-1916) a Historic Photo Essay (DRAFT) Tower Buildings in Skagway (1897-1916) A Historic Photo Essay (DRAFT) Compiled by Karl Gurcke, Historian Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park Revised: 2 March 2017 Introduction: This essay focuses on the five main commercial tower buildings in Skagway during its period of significance (1897-1912) – the Dewey Hotel (pages 3-10), the Fifth Avenue Hotel (pages 11-19), the Golden North Hotel (pages 20-37), the Trail Inn (pages 41-53) and the Clayson Building (pages 54-63). Only two of those buildings, the Golden North Hotel and the Trail Inn, are still standing. I have also included two public buildings with towers, the McCabe College (pages 64- 82) and the Skagway Public School (pages 83-89) of which only the McCabe College building is still standing. Several churches with their steeples (pages 90-115) have also been included but only the Methodist-Episcopalian / Presbyterian Church (pages 98-104) is still standing. Finally, two surviving gold rush era residences also have towers, the Case/Mulvihill House (pages 116- 119) and the Nye/Roehr House (pages 119-125). All the surviving buildings are contributing resources to the Skagway and White Pass District National Historic Landmark. Further research will uncover additional information about and images of these buildings and that information and images will be added to this essay when appropriate. Please Note: You may discover discrepancies in this document in regard to certain facts. This is a draft document. Unfortunately not all sources used in this report agree on all the facts. When time permits a complete vetting of all known sources regarding the history of this building, those discrepancies hopefully will be resolved. The Photographs: Note 1: An attempt has been made to place these photographs in rough geographical order according to the area under consideration. For example, in the beginning of this report are to be found a series of overview photographs showing the entire avenue (from Spring Street to Alaska Street) usually taken from the east side of the mountain and in rough chronological order. Next we see the 1914 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map showing a section of the avenue, say from Spring Street to Broadway. Then there are photographs showing buildings on the south side of the avenue from Spring Street to Broadway. Next are found photographs showing buildings on the north side of the avenue from Spring Street to Broadway. This scheme then repeats itself with first, the 1914 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map, and then photographs first taken of the south side and then of the north side of the next section of the avenue from Broadway to Main Street, then from Main to State Street, and finally from State Street to Alaska Street. Placing photographs geographically have proven difficult as some images show individual buildings while others show partially or entire streetscapes. Therefore the current placement of images should be considered tentative. 2 Note 2: Generally the photographs used in this report were taken between 1897 and 1916 and are placed in rough chronological order. However, because many of the images are undated, or have a wide date range it has been difficult to limit the photographs to that particular date range and in some cases, place then in true chronological order. In addition, some photographs taken later in time are used to illustrate a particular section of the avenue because earlier photographs are lacking and the buildings illustrated have not changed much since the gold rush era. Again, because of these reasons, the current placement of images should be considered tentative. Note 3: Some of the photographs shown below are enlargements of parts of the original photographic print. Certain distortions are inherent in the process of transferring these portions to the printed page. Full size prints are available for viewing by contacting the author at (907) 983-9214 or [email protected] or by visiting the park. Prints owned by other institutions can be obtained by contacting the institutions listed at the end of this report and providing them with the print numbers or by contacting the park historian for additional information. KLGO numbers refer to the whole photograph found in the Park Library’s Historic Photograph Collection and should not be used in any correspondence with other institutions. Note 4: Warning: some of the photographs in this report are owned by institutions other than the park and are not in the public domain. Therefore, permission must be obtained from the owning institution(s) in advance before using these images for any use other than viewing this document. Users are responsible for any violations of copyright law and use rights. Note: 5: Because of the height of many of these buildings, the photographs of the individual buildings have been compressed in certain instances. In addition, the flagpoles on some of these buildings have often been cropped out of the picture in order to fit the images on the standard page. Acronyms & Abbreviations: AK = Alaska DSC = Denver Service Center, Denver, Colorado KLGO = Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park, Skagway, Alaska NHL = National Historic Landmark NPS = National Park Service WASO = National Park Service main office, Washington, DC WP&YR = White Pass & Yukon Route railroad 3 Dewey Hotel: Figure 1: The Dewey Hotel, looking northwest. Date: Circa summer 1898-1899. Photographer: Mary (Mollie) Montgomery Brackett. Remarks: The exact date for the construction of the Dewey Hotel is uncertain but it was probably built sometime in 1898. It may have been named for Admiral George Dewey who won the Battle of Manila Bay (1 May 1898) during the Spanish–American War (21 April 1898 – 13 August 1898) (Wikipedia, last accessed 2 March 2017). Mt. Dewey was also name for him. This photograph shows the Dewey Hotel in its original location on the northwest corner of 7th Avenue and State Street. It was moved to the southwest corner of 2nd Avenue and Broadway in May 1908. Credit: National Park Service, Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park, Cynthia Brackett Driscoll Collection, Mollie Brackett album, BRSGY006; KLGO Library ST-13-6167. 4 Figure 2: “Dewey Hotel,” looking northwest. Date: Circa summer 1902. Photographer: Harrie Clay Barley, Skagway, AK. Remarks: This photograph shows the Dewey Hotel still in its original location on the northwest corner of 7th Avenue and State Street. It was moved to the southwest corner of 2nd Avenue and Broadway in May 1908. Credit: Yukon Archives, H. C. Barley fonds, 5024; KLGO Library 7th-4-1231. 5 Figure 3: The Dewey Hotel, looking southwest. Date: Circa winter 1908 (Date based on “New Location” above). Photographer: Unknown. Remarks: The Dewey Hotel was originally located on the northwest corner of 7th Avenue and State Street. It was moved to southwest corner of 2nd Avenue and Broadway in May 1908. This is an advertising card for the hotel describing its new location and amenities. The purpose of the move was probably to be closer to the wharfs and tourists. It its new location it was directly across Broadway from the WP&YR Broadway Depot. Credit: National Park Service, Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park, Carolyn and Michael Nore Collection, KLGO Digital Library. 6 Figure 4: Detail, the Dewey Hotel, looking northwest. Date: Circa summer 1910 (Date based on postcard type). Photographer: Unknown. Remarks: Here in this cropped portion of a larger photograph we see for the first and only time, a portion of the south elevation (or rear) of the Dewey Hotel. The Dewey Hotel was originally located on the northwest corner of 7th Avenue and State Street (figures 1 and 2). It was moved to southwest corner of 2nd Avenue and Broadway in May 1908. The Red Onion Saloon was moved to the northwest corner of 2nd Avenue and Broadway in 1914. Since the Red Onion Saloon is not shown in this photograph and the Dewey Hotel is on the southwest corner of 2nd Avenue and Broadway, the picture must date between 1908 and 1914 and a 1910 date based on the type of postcard seems reasonable. Credit: National Park Service, Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park, Carolyn and Michael Nore Collection, KLGO Digital Library (full size image). 7 Figure 5: The Dewey Hotel, looking southwest. Date: Circa summer 1913-1918 (Dates based on the possible photographer’s known time in Skagway). Photographer: Unknown (probably Lewis H. Pedersen?) (726). Remarks: The Dewey Hotel was originally located on the northwest corner of 7th Avenue and State Street (figures 1 and 2). It was moved to this spot, the southwest corner of 2nd Avenue and Broadway in May 1908, to be closer to the wharfs and tourists. According to the 1914 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Skagway, the building next door (west of) to the Dewey is the Dewey Hotel Restaurant. Credit: Alaska State Library, AHC Photograph Core File, 01-1665; KLGO Library B1-28-159. Another version of this photograph: Skagway Museum, George & Edna Rapuzzi Collection, Gift of the Rasmuson Foundation, SM 00857. 8 Figure 6: The Dewey Hotel, looking west. Date: Circa summer 1930s Photographer: Unknown (probably Dedman’s Photo Shop). Remarks: This compressed photograph shows the Hotel Dewey on the southeast corner of 2nd Avenue and Broadway. The Dewey Hotel was supposedly destroyed by a fire in the late 1930s or early 1940s but recent foundation excavations in the area showed no evidence of a fire and according to photographic evidence (NPS-KLGO, Richard Johnson Collection, Img-492, KLGO Digital Library); the building appears to have been demolished sometime before July 1938. Note 1: The changed Hotel Dewey window sign. Note 2: Martin Itjen and his street car on extreme right which dates the image to 1930 or shortly after (Gurcke 2016a).
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