Matthias Erzberger
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Aktueller Begriff Vor 100 Jahren: Der Mord an Matthias Erzberger
Wissenschaftliche Dienste Aktueller Begriff Vor 100 Jahren: Der Mord an Matthias Erzberger Am 26. August 1921 wurde der Zentrumspolitiker Matthias Erzberger bei Bad Griesbach im Schwarzwald bei einem Spaziergang mit einem befreundeten Reichstagsabgeordneten von zwei rechtsradikalen Freikorpsmitgliedern ermordet. Der tödliche Anschlag galt einem der exponier- testen Verfechter der noch jungen Weimarer Demokratie, der als Reichstagsabgeordneter schon vor 1914 entschieden für eine Parlamentarisierung des Kaiserreiches eingetreten war. Matthias Erzberger wurde am 20. September 1875 im schwäbischen Dorf Buttenhausen geboren. Aus einfachen Verhältnissen stammend schloss er 1894 eine Ausbildung zum Volksschullehrer als Jahrgangsbester ab. Schon während seiner zweijährigen Tätigkeit als Lehrerpraktikant wurde seine politische Begabung vom Mitbegründer der württembergischen Zentrumspartei Josef Eckard entdeckt, der ihn zum Eintritt in die Redaktion des katholischen „Deutschen Volksblat- tes“ veranlasste. Neben seiner publizistischen Tätigkeit leitete Erzberger in Stuttgart ein katholi- sches Arbeitersekretariat und gehörte zu den Verfechtern der 1899 gegründeten Christlichen Ge- werkschaften. 1903 wurde er mit 28 Jahren für die Zentrumspartei im Wahlkreis Biberach-Leut- kirch-Waldsee-Wangen als jüngster Abgeordneter in den Reichstag gewählt, wo er zur neuen Ge- neration von Berufspolitikern zählte. Da Reichstagsabgeordnete zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch keine Diäten erhielten, verdiente er seinen Lebensunterhalt als parteipolitisch gebundener Journalist. -
Karl Helfferich and Rudolf Hilferding on Georg Friedrich Knapp's State
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Greitens, Jan Conference Paper — Manuscript Version (Preprint) Karl Helfferich and Rudolf Hilferding on Georg Friedrich Knapp’s State Theory of Money: Monetary Theories during the Hyperinflation of 1923 Suggested Citation: Greitens, Jan (2020) : Karl Helfferich and Rudolf Hilferding on Georg Friedrich Knapp’s State Theory of Money: Monetary Theories during the Hyperinflation of 1923, Annual Conference of the European Society for the History of Economic Thought (ESHET) 2020, Sofia., ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, Kiel, Hamburg This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/216102 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available -
Das Reich Der Seele Walther Rathenau’S Cultural Pessimism and Prussian Nationalism ~ Dieuwe Jan Beersma
Das Reich der Seele Walther Rathenau’s Cultural Pessimism and Prussian Nationalism ~ Dieuwe Jan Beersma 16 juli 2020 Master Geschiedenis – Duitslandstudies, 11053259 First supervisor: dhr. dr. A.K. (Ansgar) Mohnkern Second supervisor: dhr. dr. H.J. (Hanco) Jürgens Abstract Every year the Rathenau Stiftung awards the Walther Rathenau-Preis to international politicians to spread Rathenau’s ideas of ‘democratic values, international understanding and tolerance’. This incorrect perception of Rathenau as a democrat and a liberal is likely to have originated from the historiography. Many historians have described Rathenau as ‘contradictory’, claiming that there was a clear and problematic distinction between Rathenau’s intellectual theories and ideas and his political and business career. Upon closer inspection, however, this interpretation of Rathenau’s persona seems to be fundamentally incorrect. This thesis reassesses Walther Rathenau’s legacy profoundly by defending the central argument: Walther Rathenau’s life and motivations can first and foremost be explained by his cultural pessimism and Prussian nationalism. The first part of the thesis discusses Rathenau’s intellectual ideas through an in-depth analysis of his intellectual work and the historiography on his work. Motivated by racial theory, Rathenau dreamed of a technocratic utopian German empire led by a carefully selected Prussian elite. He did not believe in the ‘power of a common Europe’, but in the power of a common German Europe. The second part of the thesis explicates how Rathenau’s career is not contradictory to, but actually very consistent with, his cultural pessimism and Prussian nationalism. Firstly, Rathenau saw the First World War as a chance to transform the economy and to make his Volksstaat a reality. -
The Ashgate Research Companion to Imperial Germany ASHGATE RESEARCH COMPANION
ASHGATE RESEARCH COMPANION THE ASHGatE RESEarCH COMPANION TO IMPERIAL GERMANY ASHGATE RESEARCH COMPANION The Ashgate Research Companions are designed to offer scholars and graduate students a comprehensive and authoritative state-of-the-art review of current research in a particular area. The companions’ editors bring together a team of respected and experienced experts to write chapters on the key issues in their speciality, providing a comprehensive reference to the field. The Ashgate Research Companion to Imperial Germany Edited by MattHEW JEFFERIES University of Manchester, UK © Matthew Jefferies 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Matthew Jefferies has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the editor of this work. Published by Ashgate Publishing Limited Ashgate Publishing Company Wey Court East 110 Cherry Street Union Road Suite 3-1 Farnham Burlington, VT 05401-3818 Surrey, GU9 7PT USA England www.ashgate.com British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Ashgate research companion to Imperial Germany / edited by Matthew Jefferies. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4094-3551-8 (hardcover) – ISBN 978-1-4094-3552-5 -
The Centrum Party's Influence in German Affairs. the Future Contest
180 THE OPEN COURT. THE CENTRUM PARTY'S INFLUENCE IN GER- MAN AFFAIRS. THE FUTURE CONTEST BETWEEN CLERICALISM AND SOCIALISM. BY EDWARD T. HEYN. Former American Vice-Consul. IT is greatly surprising that, although thousands and thousands of articles on German political conditions have appeared in America since the world war, but little has been said of the stupendous in- fluence of the powerful Centrum or Clerical Party. That the Cen- trum however is an important factor to-day in Germany was fully demonstrated a few months ago when Count von Hertling, a decided ultramontane and former Centrum leader was appointed German Chancellor. Hertling's present, somewhat lukewarm support of the important bill for the reform of the Prussian franchise, as well as the decided opposition to the same measure by a large faction of the Centrum in the Prussian Diet, is abundant proof that the party is not very much in favor of a very radical democratization of German political institutions. The Centrum Party or Center, why so called ? It was so named because its members occupy seats in the center of the German Parliament. Considered politically, the name "Center" admirably characterizes its tendencies, for during its entire history the party has taken an attitude midway between that of the Conservatives and the radical parties of the Left. On many questions, in fact, this party throughout its history has been unstable, assuming a character at times very conservative, while under other conditions it has displayed democratic and very popular tendencies. Does the Center Party deserve the name "Clerical." so em- phatically repudiated by its followers? Let it be said, that before the war there were 23,821,453 Roman Catholics in Germany (as against 39,991,421 Protestants), the majority of which belonged to the "Centrum," "the only party," in the words of the now frequently mentioned Dr. -
Thl3 CONSERVA- and the PRUSSLGN Francease, 1917-1918
WE SHALL NOT LEAVE WXTHOUT A FIGHT': THl3 CONSERVA- AND THE PRUSSLGN FRANCEaSE, 1917-1918 A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Graduate Studies of The University of Guelph In partial Witof requirements for the degree of Master of Arts December, 1998 O Adam Sumun, 1998 National Library Bibliothèque.nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 355 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington OttawatON K1AW OrtawaON K1AW Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Li"brary of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, prêter, distriiuer ou copies of this thesis in microfom, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/nlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or othenirise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. 'WE SHALL NOT LEAVE WITHOUT A FIGHT': THE CONSERVATIVES AND THE PRUSSIAN FRANCHISE, 19 17- 19 18 Adam Sumun Advisor: University of Guelph Professor Eric G. Reiche This thesis is an examination of the Prussian Conservatives' opposition to the equai suffrage during the years 19 17- 19 18. This study was designed to demonstrate that the Conservatives, despite the increasing need for reform created by the war and the sacrifices of the Germans. -
3. Germany in the 1920S
3. Germany in the 1920s The shadowy figures that look out at us from the tarnished mirror of history are – in the final analysis – ourselves. DETLEV J. K. PEUKERT OVERVIEW Few events in history are inevitable. Most are determined by real people making real decisions. At the time, those choices may not seem important. Yet together, little by little, they shape a period in history and define an age. Those decisions also have consequences that may affect generations to come. Chapter 2 looked at the way three nations – the United States, France, and Germany – decided who belonged in the nineteenth century and who did not. It also considered the outcomes of those choices. This chapter marks the beginning of a case study that examines the choices people made after World War I. It highlights Germany’s efforts to build a democracy after the humiliation of defeat and explores the values, myths, and fears that threatened those efforts. It focuses in particular on the choices that led to the destruction of the republic and the rise of the Nazis. The 1920s were a time of change everywhere in the world. Many of those changes began much earlier and were speeded up by the war. Others were linked to innovations in science that altered the way people saw the world. In 1905, Albert Einstein, a German physicist, published his theory of relativity. By 1920, other scientists had proved that time and space are indeed relative and not absolute. The theory quickly became a part of the way ordinary people viewed the world. -
Modern Germany Albrecht Ritschl Reform After the French Wars The
Modern Germany Albrecht Ritschl Reform after the French Wars The French wars (1792-1815) radically altered the political map of Germany. They led to the dissolution of myriads of mostly ecclesiastical micro-territories, brought down the Holy Roman Empire, and triggered legal and social reforms on a large scale. Traditional historiography (as Nipperdey, 1994) has tended to regard Napoleon’s impact as decisive for Germany’s modernization in the 19th century. Under French occupation, feudal structures were uprooted, French civil law was introduced or imitated, and a customs barrier was erected that isolated Germany from England while the wars lasted. However, even prior to the French Revolution, Germany had been less static than it often seems. In the second half of the 18th century, industrialization gradually took hold in the commercially advanced regions along the Rhine river and in Saxony (Pollard, 1981). Population size had just recovered the losses from the Thirty Years War and kept growing steadily. Still, institutional reform advanced only slowly, with the Prussian Civil Code of 1794 and the Josefinian reforms in the Habsburg monarchy as the major exceptions. The pace of reform changed after Prussia’s defeat against France in 1806. Between 1806 and 1810, Prussia abandoned the guild system, introduced free enterprise, freed its peasantry, and reshaped its administrative system. Entry exams for Prussia’s higher civil service were created that included Adam Smith in the list of required readings. An era of economic liberalism began that lasted into the 1870s. Economic and institutional reform elsewhere in Germany often proceeded more cautiously. West of the Elbe river, liberation of the peasantry was less of an issue, as in many regions, the manor system hardly consisted in more than rental payments for farmers and in – usually detailed and restrictive – entitlements to the use of the village commons. -
The German Center Party and the League of Nations: International Relations in a Moral Dimension
InSight: RIVIER ACADEMIC JOURNAL, VOLUME 4, NUMBER 2, FALL 2008 THE GERMAN CENTER PARTY AND THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN A MORAL DIMENSION Martin Menke, Ph.D.* Associate Professor, Department of History, Law, and Political Science, Rivier College During the past two decades, scholarly interest in German political Catholicism, specifically in the history of the German Center Party has revived.1 As a spate of recent publication such as Stathis Kalyvas’s The Rise of Christian Democracy in Europe and the collection of essays, Political Catholicism in Europe, 1918-1965, 2 show, this renewed interest in German political Catholicism is part of a larger trend. All of these works, however, show how much work remains to be done in this field. While most research on German political Catholicism has focused on the period before 1918, the German Center Party’s history during the Weimar period remains incompletely explored. One of the least understood areas of Center Party history is its influence on the Weimar government’s foreign policy. After all, the Center led nine of the republic’s twenty cabinets. Karsten Ruppert, for example, relies almost exclusively on Peter Krüger’s Die Außenpolitik der Republik von Weimar,3 which emphasizes the role of Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann almost to the exclusion of all other domestic decision-makers. Weimar’s foreign policy largely consisted of a series of responses to crises caused by political and economic demands made by the victors of the First World War. These responses in turn were determined by the imperatives of German domestic politics. -
Weimar Was Weimar: Politics, Culture and the Emplotment of the German Republic
This is a repository copy of Weimar was Weimar: Politics, Culture and the Emplotment of the German Republic. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/92080/ Version: Submitted Version Article: Ziemann, B. (2010) Weimar was Weimar: Politics, Culture and the Emplotment of the German Republic. German History, 28 (4). pp. 542-571. ISSN 0266-3554 (Submitted) https://doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghq114 Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher’s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Weimar was Weimar. Politics, Culture and the Emplotment of the German Republic Benjamin Ziemann Weimar Radicals: Nazis and Communists between Authenticity and Performance. By Timothy Brown. New York. Oxford: Berghahn Books. 2009. 240 pp. $80/£50 (hardback). Weimar: Die überforderte Republik 1918-1933. -
Brockdorff-Rantzau As the Weimar Republic's First Foreign Minister
University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Student Work 1-1-1967 Count and democrat ; Brockdorff-Rantzau as the Weimar Republic's first foreign minister Marilyn Senn Moll University of Nebraska at Omaha Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork Recommended Citation Moll, Marilyn Senn, "Count and democrat ; Brockdorff-Rantzau as the Weimar Republic's first foreign minister" (1967). Student Work. 407. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork/407 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Work by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. iI ^ "COUNT AND DEMOCRAT" BROCKDORFF-RANTZAU AS THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC'S FIRST FOREIGN MINISTER A Thesis Presented to the Department of History and the Faculty of the Graduate College University of Omaha In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts by Marilyn Senn Moll January 1967 UMI Number: EP73045 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI EP73045 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. -
Soldiers, Rabbis, and the Ostjuden Under German Occupation: 1915-1918
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2010 Shattered Communities: Soldiers, Rabbis, and the Ostjuden under German Occupation: 1915-1918 Tracey Hayes Norrell [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Diplomatic History Commons, European History Commons, History of Religion Commons, Military History Commons, and the Political History Commons Recommended Citation Norrell, Tracey Hayes, "Shattered Communities: Soldiers, Rabbis, and the Ostjuden under German Occupation: 1915-1918. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2010. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/834 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Tracey Hayes Norrell entitled "Shattered Communities: Soldiers, Rabbis, and the Ostjuden under German Occupation: 1915-1918." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in History. Vejas G. Liulevicius, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend