Histoire De La Gaule
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Lucan's Natural Questions: Landscape and Geography in the Bellum Civile Laura Zientek a Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulf
Lucan’s Natural Questions: Landscape and Geography in the Bellum Civile Laura Zientek A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2014 Reading Committee: Catherine Connors, Chair Alain Gowing Stephen Hinds Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Classics © Copyright 2014 Laura Zientek University of Washington Abstract Lucan’s Natural Questions: Landscape and Geography in the Bellum Civile Laura Zientek Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Catherine Connors Department of Classics This dissertation is an analysis of the role of landscape and the natural world in Lucan’s Bellum Civile. I investigate digressions and excurses on mountains, rivers, and certain myths associated aetiologically with the land, and demonstrate how Stoic physics and cosmology – in particular the concepts of cosmic (dis)order, collapse, and conflagration – play a role in the way Lucan writes about the landscape in the context of a civil war poem. Building on previous analyses of the Bellum Civile that provide background on its literary context (Ahl, 1976), on Lucan’s poetic technique (Masters, 1992), and on landscape in Roman literature (Spencer, 2010), I approach Lucan’s depiction of the natural world by focusing on the mutual effect of humanity and landscape on each other. Thus, hardships posed by the land against characters like Caesar and Cato, gloomy and threatening atmospheres, and dangerous or unusual weather phenomena all have places in my study. I also explore how Lucan’s landscapes engage with the tropes of the locus amoenus or horridus (Schiesaro, 2006) and elements of the sublime (Day, 2013). -
The Last Horizons of Roman Gaul: Communication, Community, and Power at the End of Antiquity
The Last Horizons of Roman Gaul: Communication, Community, and Power at the End of Antiquity The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Wilkinson, Ryan Hayes. 2015. The Last Horizons of Roman Gaul: Communication, Community, and Power at the End of Antiquity. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467211 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Last Horizons of Roman Gaul: Communication, Community, and Power at the End of Antiquity A dissertation presented by Ryan Hayes Wilkinson to The Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts May 2015 © 2015 Ryan Hayes Wilkinson All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Professor Michael McCormick Ryan Hayes Wilkinson The Last Horizons of Roman Gaul: Communication, Community, and Power at the End of Antiquity Abstract In the fifth and sixth centuries CE, the Roman Empire fragmented, along with its network of political, cultural, and socio-economic connections. How did that network’s collapse reshape the social and mental horizons of communities in one part of the Roman world, now eastern France? Did new political frontiers between barbarian kingdoms redirect those communities’ external connections, and if so, how? To address these questions, this dissertation focuses on the cities of two Gallo-Roman tribal groups. -
The Impact of the Roman Army (200 BC – AD 476)
Impact of Empire 6 IMEM-6-deBlois_CS2.indd i 5-4-2007 8:35:52 Impact of Empire Editorial Board of the series Impact of Empire (= Management Team of the Network Impact of Empire) Lukas de Blois, Angelos Chaniotis Ségolène Demougin, Olivier Hekster, Gerda de Kleijn Luuk de Ligt, Elio Lo Cascio, Michael Peachin John Rich, and Christian Witschel Executive Secretariat of the Series and the Network Lukas de Blois, Olivier Hekster Gerda de Kleijn and John Rich Radboud University of Nijmegen, Erasmusplein 1, P.O. Box 9103, 6500 HD Nijmegen, The Netherlands E-mail addresses: [email protected] and [email protected] Academic Board of the International Network Impact of Empire geza alföldy – stéphane benoist – anthony birley christer bruun – john drinkwater – werner eck – peter funke andrea giardina – johannes hahn – fik meijer – onno van nijf marie-thérèse raepsaet-charlier – john richardson bert van der spek – richard talbert – willem zwalve VOLUME 6 IMEM-6-deBlois_CS2.indd ii 5-4-2007 8:35:52 The Impact of the Roman Army (200 BC – AD 476) Economic, Social, Political, Religious and Cultural Aspects Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop of the International Network Impact of Empire (Roman Empire, 200 B.C. – A.D. 476) Capri, March 29 – April 2, 2005 Edited by Lukas de Blois & Elio Lo Cascio With the Aid of Olivier Hekster & Gerda de Kleijn LEIDEN • BOSTON 2007 This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC 4.0 License, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. -
Dedikantinnen Und Dedikanten Von Weihesteinen an Keltische Gottheiten in Der Römischen Provinz Germania Inferior
Dedikantinnen und Dedikanten von Weihesteinen an keltische Gottheiten in der römischen Provinz Germania Inferior Masterarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Master of Arts (MA) an der Universität Graz vorgelegt von Verena Andrea REITER am Institut für Antike Begutachter: Dr. Wolfgang Spickermann Graz, 2021 Inhaltsverzeichnis Einleitung ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 1 Dedikantennamen ............................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 keltische Dedikantennamen ...................................................................................................... 7 1.2 germanische Dedikantennamen ................................................................................................. 8 1.3 indigenes Namensformular ........................................................................................................ 9 1.4 Geschlecht .................................................................................................................................. 10 1.5 Berufe .......................................................................................................................................... 11 1.5.1 Berufe und Fundorte ........................................................................................................ 11 1.5.2 Berufe und Gottheiten ..................................................................................................... -
„LITANIA” DO CELTYCKIEJ BOGINI „Litanię”
ROCZNIKI HUMANISTYCZNE Tom XXXIV, zeszyt 2 - 1986 EDWARD ZWOLSKI Lublin „LITANIA” DO CELTYCKIEJ BOGINI „Litanię” układam z wezwań, kierowanych do bogini w ziemiach celtyckich od luzytańskiego zachodu i brytyjsko-iryjskiej północy po italskie południe i galacki wschód. Za wezwania biorę żeńskie imiona boskie z napisów na ołtarzach, coko łach, płytach dedykacyjnych i wotywnych. Pewne jawią się często, inne rzadko, nawet raz, ale wszystkie są „mowne”, ponieważ do bogini celtyckiej, nie wspiera nej powagą państwa, modlił się człowiek, który w nią wierzył. Starałem się odszukać wszystkie imiona. Nie wszystkie włączam do litanii, bo pewne, jak Navia w Hiszpanii, w Galii zaś: Acionna, Ancamna, Alauna, Ica, Icauna, Icovellauna, Soio i Qnuava, chociaż w części lub całości brzmią po celtyc- ku, swego znaczenia nie odsłaniają. Dzieła, po które sięgałem szukając napisów: Przede wszystkim berliński Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (skrót: CIL); dla Galii Narbońskiej - vol. XII, ed. O. Hirschfeld, 1888; dla trzech Galii (Lugduńskiej, Belgijskiej, Akwitańskiej) i obu Germanii (Górnej i Dolnej, założonych na ziemiach celtyckich) - vol. XIII, ed. A. Domaszewski, O. Bohn et E. Stein, 1899-1943 (praktycznie do 1916 r.); dla ziem dunajskich i Wschodu - vol. III, ed. Th. Mommsen, O. Hirschfeld et A. Domaszewski, 1873 (Supplementa, 1889-1902); dla Galu italskiej, vol. V, ed. Th. Mommsen, 1872-1877. Przedłużają CIL: Tom XII: E. Esperandieu, Inscriptions latines de Gaule (Narbonnaise), Paris 1929 (skrót: ILG). Tom XIII: H. Finke, Neue Inschriften, 17. Bericht der Römischgermanischen Kom mission, 1927, Berlin 1929 (skrót: 17, BRGK); H. Nesselhauf, Neue Inschriften aus dem römischen Germanien und den angrenzenden Gebieten, 27. BRGK, 1937, Berlin 1939 (skrót: 27. BRGK); F. -
A Friendship
Conversions Wars Cultures Religions and a Family Name MICHAEL L. SENA C OPYRIGHTED , 2012 B Y G R E E N H O R SE P U B L I S H I N G C OMPANY V ADSTENA , S WEDEN EDITED AND REVISED DECEMBER 2013 ii WARS ARE FOUGHT to gain and keep control over wealth. Tribes, clans, countries and other groups that have wealth have the power to wage and win wars. Those without wealth will always be war’s victims. They lack the resources to build effective defences and protect themselves against destructive powers. Besides extermination or assimilation, one consequence of wars for the vanquished is displacement. Defeated peoples are often set adrift. Cultures, or societies, come into existence when a sufficient number of individuals agree on a way of living together, either through consensus or through force. Cultures are sensitive organisms. They are born, sometimes growing and flourishing, oftentimes contracting and vanishing. Even the most powerful civilizations in their times have had to relinquish their positions of dominance, most often because of self destructive actions taken by their leaders. When one culture is diminished, there is always another waiting to take its place. Humankind is the sum total of all those cultures that have gone before. Religion is the codification of a society’s rules that define what is considered right and what is deemed wrong. Societies base their laws on these definitions, and the laws establish the worldly consequences of not upholding or abiding by the rules. Those who are the codifiers, the priests, gain their legitimacy by providing answers to the unanswerable. -
The Celtic Encyclopedia, Volume V
7+( &(/7,& (1&<&/23(',$ 92/80( 9 T H E C E L T I C E N C Y C L O P E D I A © HARRY MOUNTAIN VOLUME V UPUBLISH.COM 1998 Parkland, Florida, USA The Celtic Encyclopedia © 1997 Harry Mountain Individuals are encouraged to use the information in this book for discussion and scholarly research. The contents may be stored electronically or in hardcopy. However, the contents of this book may not be republished or redistributed in any form or format without the prior written permission of Harry Mountain. This is version 1.0 (1998) It is advisable to keep proof of purchase for future use. Harry Mountain can be reached via e-mail: [email protected] postal: Harry Mountain Apartado 2021, 3810 Aveiro, PORTUGAL Internet: http://www.CeltSite.com UPUBLISH.COM 1998 UPUBLISH.COM is a division of Dissertation.com ISBN: 1-58112-889-4 (set) ISBN: 1-58112-890-8 (vol. I) ISBN: 1-58112-891-6 (vol. II) ISBN: 1-58112-892-4 (vol. III) ISBN: 1-58112-893-2 (vol. IV) ISBN: 1-58112-894-0 (vol. V) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mountain, Harry, 1947– The Celtic encyclopedia / Harry Mountain. – Version 1.0 p. 1392 cm. Includes bibliographical references ISBN 1-58112-889-4 (set). -– ISBN 1-58112-890-8 (v. 1). -- ISBN 1-58112-891-6 (v. 2). –- ISBN 1-58112-892-4 (v. 3). –- ISBN 1-58112-893-2 (v. 4). –- ISBN 1-58112-894-0 (v. 5). Celts—Encyclopedias. I. Title. D70.M67 1998-06-28 909’.04916—dc21 98-20788 CIP The Celtic Encyclopedia is dedicated to Rosemary who made all things possible . -
The Roman Antiquities of Switzerland
Archaeological Journal ISSN: 0066-5983 (Print) 2373-2288 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/raij20 The Roman Antiquities of Switzerland By Bunnell Lewis M.A., F.S.A. To cite this article: By Bunnell Lewis M.A., F.S.A. (1885) The Roman Antiquities of Switzerland, Archaeological Journal, 42:1, 171-214, DOI: 10.1080/00665983.1885.10852174 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00665983.1885.10852174 Published online: 15 Jul 2014. Submit your article to this journal View related articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=raij20 Download by: [University of California Santa Barbara] Date: 18 June 2016, At: 04:49 THE ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF SWITZERLAND. By BUNNELL LEWIS, M.A., F.S.A. Many persons, well-informed in other respects, think that there are no Boman antiquities in Switzerland. This mistake results from various causes. Most people travel there to enjoy the scenery, and recruit their health. The Bomans have not left behind them in that country vast monuments of their power, like the temples, theatres and aqueducts, which in regions farther south are still to be seen ; but, speaking generally, we must be content with smaller objects stored in museums, sometimes unprovided with catalogues.1 Moreover, no English writer, as far as I know, has discussed this subject at any length; attention has been directed almost exclusively to pie-historic remains made known by Dr. Keller's book on Bfahlbauten (lake- dwellings), of which an excellent translation has been published.2 However, I hope to show that the classical antiquities of Switzerland, though inferior to those of some other countries, ought not to be passed over with contemptuous neglect, and that they deserve study quite as much as similar relics of the olden time in Britain, 1 A very good account of the Collections 2 Dr. -
The Chinese Dragon - Page 5
2015 ISSUE No. 15 MAR - APR 2016 NewAcropolis Philosophy and Education for the Future Bi-Monthly Magazine Is Morality Relative?- Page 3 The Chinese Dragon - Page 5 Invisible Egypt - Page 8 Upcoming Saying it Right – Page 4 Events page 9 Doing it Right By Michael Lassman EDITORIAL History has often been described as a series of pendulum swings, and ideas and words can also oscillate between different meanings. This can be very confusing because we might refer to very different things when using the same word. For example, individual and individualism seem to have taken on rather different connotations over time. What’s In classical antiquity, many philosophers held the view that we are not born as individuals but that we become individuals by the gradual process of integrating all the different Inside aspects of ourselves into a whole and enabling the best part of ourselves to guide our actions. This view was in many aspects reflected in C.G. Jung’s idea of individuation. In the Renaissance, the renewed interest in the concept of the individual redefined our relationship with the world. Instead of being a passive spectator of a static medieval Is Morality Relative? world order, we became an active and co-creative participant in a dynamicBi-Monthly world where page 3 every part was interconnected and every action therefore affected everything else. This awareness of the potential of the human being and the endeavour to develop this Saying it Right – Doing it Right potential through education became the guiding spirit of the time. The goal was a new page 4 and better world, achieved through a new and better human being. -
General Index
Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47945-5 — Rome: An Empire of Many Nations Edited by Jonathan J. Price , Margalit Finkelberg , Yuval Shahar Index More Information General Index Aaron, Biblical character, 237 Amphipolis, 162 Abdera, 44, 47 Amsterdam, 17 Abel, Félix-Marie, 284 Amyntas, king of Galatia, 109 Abonou Teichos, 159 Ananias, 209 Abraham, Biblical character, 175, 237 Anatolia, 23, 106, 114, 179 Achaia, 33 Anchises, 87, 90 Achilles, 21, 90, 95, 96–97 Ando, Clifford, 134 Achilles Tatius, 149, 159 Andrade, Nathanael, 209, 213 Achilleum, 91 Annaeus Seneca, L. (Minor), 38, 87, 151, Actium, 100, 104, 106, 148, 192, 194–195 164, 183 Adan-Bayewitz, David, 288 Annius Milo, T., 54 Adiabene, 214 Antamonides, 45 Aegean, 92, 179 Antioch, 20, 24–25, 111, 253, 256, 292 Aegyptus. See Egypt Antioch (Pisidia), 32, 109, 113, 281 Aelia Capitolina, 110, 270 Antiochus III, 209 Aelius Aristides Theodorus, P., 101, 113, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, 212 140–141, 223 Antiochus V Eupater, 209 Aelius Coeranus, P., 33 Antipater the Idumaean (Antipas), 213 Aelius Donatus, 46 Antipatris, 268, 280 Aelius Stilo Praeconius, L., 137 Antistius Rusticus, L., 32 Aeneas, 20, 87, 89, 93, 95–97, 171 Antium, 20 Aesculapius, 122 Antius A. Iulius Quadratus, C., 32, 34, 37 Africa, 32, 33–35, 37, 40, 46, 55, 148, 178, Antoninus, 246–254, 258, 262–264, 268, 255, 267 See also Caracalla and Elagabalus Agamemnon, 89–90 Antoninus Pius, 37, 136, 139, 144, 247 Agathias, 105 Antonius Diogenes, 151 Agrippa II, 258, 292, 296 Antonius, M., 19–21, 195 Aila (ʻAqaba), 283 Apamea, 32, 108 Ajax, 24, 96 Apamea, lake, 256 Akko, 289 Aphrodisias, 114, 177, 232 Akko-Ptolemais, 275 Aphrodite, 161, See also Venus Al Lajjun (Transjordan), 284 Apollo, 117–118, 122, 125, 127, See also Albanum, 157 Phoebos Alcibiades, 47 Apollo Klarios, 160 Alcmene, 126–127 Apollonia, 106–109, 113, 115 Alexander the Great, 92, 98, 108, 148, 158, 248 Apollonius of Tyana, 114 Alexandria, 19–20, 24, 33, 143, 191, 213, 231, Appian, 152 236, 244, 246, 247–248, 256, 261 Apuleius Madaurensis, L., 159, 184 Alexianus. -
Exclusively Made Barn 14 Hip No. 1
Consigned by Tres Potrillos, Agent Barn Hip No. 14 Exclusively Made 1 Gone West Elusive Quality.................. Touch of Greatness Exclusive Quality .............. Glitterman Exclusively Made First Glimmer.................... Bay Filly; First Stand March 8, 2011 Danzig Furiously........................... Whirl Series Mad About Julie ............... (1999) Restless Restless Restless Julie.................... Witches Alibhai By EXCLUSIVE QUALITY (2003). Black-type winner of $92,600, Spectacular Bid S. [L] (GP, $45,000). Sire of 3 crops of racing age, 166 foals, 94 start- ers, 59 winners of 116 races and earning $2,727,453, including Sr. Quisqueyano ($319,950, Calder Derby (CRC, $150,350), etc.), Exclusive- ly Maria ($100,208, Cassidy S. (CRC, $60,000), etc.), Boy of Summer ($89,010, Journeyman Stud Sophomore Turf S.-R (TAM, $45,000)), black- type-placed Quality Lass ($158,055), Backstage Magic ($128,540). 1st dam MAD ABOUT JULIE, by Furiously. Winner at 3 and 4, $33,137. Dam of 4 other registered foals, 4 of racing age, 2 to race, 2 winners, including-- Jeongsang Party (f. by Exclusive Quality). Winner at 2, placed at 3, 2013 in Republic of Korea. 2nd dam Restless Julie, by Restless Restless. 2 wins at 2, $30,074, 2nd American Beauty S., etc. Dam of 11 other foals, 10 to race, all winners, including-- RESTING MOTEL (c. by Bates Motel). 8 wins at 2 and 3 in Mexico, cham- pion sprinter, Clasico Beduino, Handicap Cristobal Colon, Clasico Velo- cidad; winner at 4, $46,873, in N.A./U.S. PRESUMED INNOCENT (f. by Shuailaan). 7 wins, 3 to 6, $315,190, Jersey Lilly S. (HOU, $30,000), 2nd A.P. -
Robert Graves the White Goddess
ROBERT GRAVES THE WHITE GODDESS IN DEDICATION All saints revile her, and all sober men Ruled by the God Apollo's golden mean— In scorn of which I sailed to find her In distant regions likeliest to hold her Whom I desired above all things to know, Sister of the mirage and echo. It was a virtue not to stay, To go my headstrong and heroic way Seeking her out at the volcano's head, Among pack ice, or where the track had faded Beyond the cavern of the seven sleepers: Whose broad high brow was white as any leper's, Whose eyes were blue, with rowan-berry lips, With hair curled honey-coloured to white hips. Green sap of Spring in the young wood a-stir Will celebrate the Mountain Mother, And every song-bird shout awhile for her; But I am gifted, even in November Rawest of seasons, with so huge a sense Of her nakedly worn magnificence I forget cruelty and past betrayal, Careless of where the next bright bolt may fall. FOREWORD am grateful to Philip and Sally Graves, Christopher Hawkes, John Knittel, Valentin Iremonger, Max Mallowan, E. M. Parr, Joshua IPodro, Lynette Roberts, Martin Seymour-Smith, John Heath-Stubbs and numerous correspondents, who have supplied me with source- material for this book: and to Kenneth Gay who has helped me to arrange it. Yet since the first edition appeared in 1946, no expert in ancient Irish or Welsh has offered me the least help in refining my argument, or pointed out any of the errors which are bound to have crept into the text, or even acknowledged my letters.