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EL MUNDO INDÍGENA EL MUNDO INDÍGENA 2018 Copenhague 4 IWGIA – El Mundo Indígena– 2018 EL MUNDO INDÍGENA 2018 Compilación y edición: Pamela Jacquelin-Andersen Editores por región: El Ártico y América del Norte: Kathrin Wessendorf México, América Central y América del Sur: Alejandro Parellada Australia y el Pacífico: Diana Vinding Asia: Signe Leth Oriente Medio: Diana Vinding África: Marianne Wiben Jensen y Geneviève Rose Procesos internacionales: Lola García-Alix y Kathrin Wessendorf Cubierta y tipografía: Spine Studio Mapas y maquetación: Neus Casanova Vico Traducción al español: Isabel de la Mano Calles, Luis Claps, Patricia Pena, María Khoury Arvelo, Martín Grima del Moral, Neus Casanova Vico, Paula Fredes y Daniel Tamayo. Correción de pruebas: Pamela Jacquelin-Andersen y Martín Grima del Moral Impresión: Tarea Asociación Gráfica Educativa. Pasaje María Auxiliadora 156, Lima, Perú. Fotografías de cubierta: Pablo Toranzo/andhes, Christian Erni, Delphine Blast, Nelly Tokmagasheva y Thomas Skielboe © Los autores y el Grupo Internacional de HURIDOCS CIP DATA Trabajo sobre Asuntos Indígenas (IWGIA), 2018. Todos los derechos reservados. Título: El Mundo Indígena 2018 Compilación y edición: Pamela Jacquelin- Se permite la reproducción y distribución de Andersen información contenida en El Mundo Indígena en tanto se citen las fuentes. Sin embargo, la Páginas: 660 traducción de artículos en otros idiomas y la ISSN: 1024-0217 reproducción completa del libro no se autoriza sin el ISBN: 978-87-92786-86-9 consentimiento previo de IWGIA. Los artículos de El Mundo Indígena se Hecho el Depósito Legal en la Biblioteca producen sobre una base voluntaria. Es la intención Nacional del Perú Nº 2018-04359 de IWGIA que El Mundo Indígena proporcione Idioma: Castellano una actualización exhaustiva de la situación de los pueblos indígenas en el mundo, pero Index: 1. Pueblos indígenas – 2. Anuario – desgraciadamente no siempre es posible encontrar 3. Procesos internacionales a los autores para cubrir los países pertinentes. Área geográfica: Global Los artículos incluidos en El Mundo Indígena expresan la visión y las opiniones de los autores, Fecha de publicación: Abril 2018 e IWGIA no es responsable de la exactitud del contenido o de las opiniones expresadas. Directora Ejecutiva: Julie Koch Jefe de Finanzas y Administración: Søren Juul Aarslev Este libro ha sido producido con el aporte financiero del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Dinamarca (DANIDA) GRUPO INTERNACIONAL DE TRABAJO SOBRE ASUNTOS INDÍGENAS Prinsessegade 29 B, 3º piso, DK 1422 – Copenhague, Dinamarca Tel: (45) 52 73 28 30 – E-mail: [email protected] – Web: www.iwgia.org 5 Editorial CONTENIDOS Editorial.............................................................................................................8 PARTE I – INFORME POR REGIONES Y PAÍSES El Ártico Groenlandia..................................................................................................22 Sápmi..............................................................................................................28 Federación Rusa..........................................................................................39 Inuit Nunangat (inuit de Canadá).............................................................50 América del Norte Canadá............................................................................................................59 Estados Unidos............................................................................................69 México y América Central México..............................................................................................................77 Guatemala.....................................................................................................86 Nicaragua.......................................................................................................93 Costa Rica....................................................................................................106 Panamá...........................................................................................................114 América del Sur Colombia.......................................................................................................125 Venezuela......................................................................................................133 Surinam........................................................................................................144 Ecuador..........................................................................................................150 Perú.................................................................................................................159 Bolivia............................................................................................................170 Brasil...............................................................................................................178 Paraguay........................................................................................................189 Argentina.......................................................................................................199 Chile...............................................................................................................207 El Pacífico Australia ......................................................................................................219 Aotearoa (Nueva Zelanda) .....................................................................228 6 IWGIA – El Mundo Indígena– 2018 Kanaky (New Caledonia)……………..……………………............…………………236 Polinesia Francesa....................................................................................243 Asia del Este y del Sureste Japón............................................................................................................253 China..............................................................................................................261 Taiwán...........................................................................................................272 Filipinas.........................................................................................................281 Indonesia.....................................................................................................294 Tailandia.......................................................................................................307 Camboya......................................................................................................316 Vietnam........................................................................................................324 Laos...............................................................................................................333 Myanmar.......................................................................................................341 Asia del Sur India...............................................................................................................355 Bangladesh.................................................................................................367 Nepal..............................................................................................................376 Medio Oriente Israel..............................................................................................................387 Palestina.......................................................................................................395 África Occidental y del Norte Marruecos....................................................................................................405 Argelia............................................................................................................412 Túnez.............................................................................................................419 Mali.................................................................................................................423 Níger...............................................................................................................431 África Central Burundi.........................................................................................................437 Camerún.......................................................................................................444 Africa del Este Eritrea............................................................................................................457 Etiopía...........................................................................................................465 Kenia..............................................................................................................472 7 Editorial Uganda.........................................................................................................484 Tanzania.......................................................................................................494 Sur de África Namibia.......................................................................................................507 Botsuana......................................................................................................516 Zimbabue.....................................................................................................527 Sudáfrica................................................................................................... 534 PARTE II – PROCESOS INTERNACIONALES Relatora Especial de la ONU sobre los derechos de los pueblos
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