DOCSLIB.ORG

Warwick.Ac.Uk/Lib-Publications

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Warwick.Ac.Uk/Lib-Publications A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick Permanent WRAP URL: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/153079 Copyright and reuse: This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. For more information, please contact the WRAP Team at: [email protected] warwick.ac.uk/lib-publications COMPLEX GOVERNANCE AND SEAZONES: THE FLOATING ISLAND PROJECT IN FRENCH POLYNESIA 2020 Ph.D. Thesis by Nathalie Mezza-Garcia A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of. Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Warwick Complex Governance and SeaZones: The Floating Island Project Nathalie Mezza-Garcia Supervised by Emma Uprichard & Nathaniel Tkacz A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Interdisciplinary Studies University of Warwick Centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies January 2020 Esta tesis está dedicada a mi mamá y a mi papá. Por toda una vida de apoyo incondicional. This thesis is dedicated to my mum and dad, for a lifetime of love and unconditional support. II I think the next century will be the century of complexity Stephen W. Hawking III Table of Contents LIST OF APPENDIXES ......................................................................................... VIII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................... IX DECLARATION OF USED WORK ......................................................................... XI ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................XII CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 2 1.1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 2 1.2. RESEARCH GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND QUESTIONS.................................................... 5 1.3. PROBLEM: UNDERSTANDING THE FLOATING ISLAND PROJECT USING COMPLEX SYSTEMS THEORY ............................................................................................................. 8 1.4. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS......................................................................................... 21 1.5. OUTLINE OF THE THESIS .......................................................................................... 22 2. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ON COMPLEX GOVERNANCE ...................... 26 2.1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 26 2.2. COMPLEXITY............................................................................................................. 27 2.3. COMPLEXITY IN SOCIAL SCIENCE ........................................................................... 35 2.4. COMPLEX GOVERNANCE ......................................................................................... 38 2.5. SEAZONES ............................................................................................................... 44 2.6. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................ 60 CHAPTER 3. CASE STUDY: THE FLOATING ISLAND PROJECT IN FRENCH POLYNESIA ............................................................................................................ 61 CHAPTER 4. METHODOLOGY .............................................................................. 72 4.1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 72 4.2. METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................ 72 4.3 .DATA COLLECTION METHODS ................................................................................. 77 4.3.1. Participant Observation ............................................................................ 77 4.3.2. Document Analysis .................................................................................... 84 4.4. RESEARCH DESIGN .................................................................................................. 88 4.5. ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES OF THE METHODOLOGY .................................... 92 4.6. ETHICS .................................................................................................................... 102 4.7. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... 104 PART II. EMPIRICAL CHAPTERS ....................................................................... 105 CHAPTER 5. INSTITUTIONAL NESTEDNESS ................................................... 106 5.1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 106 5.2. NESTEDNES ............................................................................................................ 109 5.3. ORIGIN OF NESTEDNESS IN FRENCH POLYNESIA’S HISTORY .............................. 116 5.4. NESTEDNESS IN THE SEASTEADING INSTITUTE’S STRATEGY .............................. 121 5.5. DOMESTIC AND SUPRANATIONAL INSTITUTIONS .................................................. 129 5.6. UNTANGLING REGULATIONS ................................................................................. 135 5.7. ADDITIONAL GOVERNMENT STAKEHOLDERS AND LIMITATIONS OF FORMAL STRATEGIES .................................................................................................................. 142 5.8. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... 150 CHAPTER 6. LOCAL AND GLOBAL NON-GOVERNMENT STAKEHOLDERS 152 6.1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 152 6.2. COMPLEX GOVERNANCE IN SOCIOECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ................................. 156 6.3. LOCAL “INFORMAL” STAKEHOLDERS .................................................................. 166 6.4. GLOBAL (NON-LOCAL) STAKEHOLDERS .............................................................. 179 6.5. MISSED OPPORTUNITIES FOR INVOLVING LOCALS .............................................. 189 6.6. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... 197 IV 7. CROSS-TEMPORAL AND CROSS-SPATIAL WAVES ................................... 200 7.1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 200 7.2.THEORY: WAVES .................................................................................................... 201 7.3. WAVE 1: COLONISATION ....................................................................................... 207 7.4. WAVE 2: FACEBOOK ............................................................................................. 215 7.5. WAVE 3: PROTESTS .............................................................................................. 224 7.6. ACCOMPANYING RIPPLES ..................................................................................... 233 7.7. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... 240 PART III. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ...................................................... 232 8.1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 233 8.2. IMPLICATIONS OF COMPLEX GOVERNANCE ON SETTING UP PROJECTS IDEOLOGICALLY-MOTIVATED ........................................................................................ 240 8.3. ANALYSIS AND BEST PRACTICES ......................................................................... 249 8.4. CONTRIBUTIONS ..................................................................................................... 264 8.5. CONCLUDING REMARKS AND FUTURE WORK ...................................................... 268 9. REFERENCES .................................................................................................. 274 V Tables and Illustrated Materials FIGURE 1. TIMELINE OF THE FLOATING ISLAND PROJECT.................................................................... 71 FIGURE 2. TREE TOPOLOGY IN CONFERENCES ................................................................................ 168 FIGURE 3. NO TO THE FLOATING ISLAND PROJECT FACEBOOK ELECTORAL CAMPAIGN BY THE GOVERNMENT ................................................................................................................................... 230 FIGURE 4. NO TO THE FLOATING ISLAND FLYER BY THE GOVERNMENT ................................................ 231 VII List of Appendixes Appendix 1. Non-Disclosure Agreement VIII Acknowledgements I do not have enough words to thank my PhD supervisor, Emma Uprichard, for believing in me. Without her support, patience and guiding, I could not have done it. I’m also extremely grateful with second supervisor, Nathaniel (Nate) Tkacz, for his insights, comments and for welcoming me at CIM. This thesis would not have been possible without the unconditional support and care of my mum, while I was in the UK. I will be forever grateful.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Virtual Currencies in the Eurosystem: Challenges Ahead
    STUDY Requested by the ECON committee Virtual currencies in the Eurosystem: challenges ahead Monetary Dialogue July 2018 Policy Department for Economic, Scientific and Quality of Life Policies Authors: Rosa María LASTRA, Jason Grant ALLEN Directorate-General for Internal Policies EN PE 619.020 – July 2018 Virtual currencies in the Eurosystem: challenges ahead Monetary Dialogue July 2018 Abstract Speculation on Bitcoin, the evolution of money in the digital age, and the underlying blockchain technology are attracting growing interest. In the context of the Eurosystem, this briefing paper analyses the legal nature of privately issued virtual currencies (VCs), the implications of VCs for central bank’s monetary policy and monopoly of note issue, and the risks for the financial system at large. The paper also considers some of the proposals concerning central bank issued virtual currencies. This document was provided by Policy Department A at the request of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs. This document was requested by the European Parliament's Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs. AUTHORS Rosa María LASTRA, Centre for Commercial Law Studies, Queen Mary University of London Jason Grant ALLEN, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Centre for British Studies, University of New South Wales Centre for Law Markets and Regulation ADMINISTRATOR RESPONSIBLE Dario PATERNOSTER EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Janetta CUJKOVA LINGUISTIC VERSIONS Original: EN ABOUT THE EDITOR Policy departments provide in-house and external expertise to support EP committees
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Maori Authorities
    TEENA BROWN PULU Minerals and Cucumbers in the Sea: International relations will transform the Tongan state Abstract Constitution law researcher Guy Powles, a Pakeha New Zealander residing in Australia was not optimistic accurate predictions on “the [Tonga] election which is coming up now in November” could be made (Garrett, 2014). “A man would be a fool to try to guess just where the balance will finish up,” he uttered to Jemima Garrett interviewing him for Radio Australia on April 30th 2014 (Garrett, 2014). Picturing the general election seven months away on November 27th 2014, Powles thought devolving the monarch’s executive powers to government by constitutional reform was Tonga’s priority. Whether it would end up an election issue deciding which way the public voted was a different story, and one he was not willing to take a punt on. While Tongans and non-Tongan observers focused attention on guessing who would get into parliament and have a chance at forming a government after votes had been casted in the November election, the trying political conditions the state functioned, floundered, and fell in, were overlooked. It was as if the Tongans and Palangi (white, European) commentators naively thought changing government would alter the internationally dictated circumstances a small island developing state was forced to work under. Teena Brown Pulu has a PhD in anthropology from the University of Waikato. She is a senior lecturer in Pacific development at AUT University. Her first book was published in 2011, Shoot the Messenger: The report on the Nuku’alofa reconstruction project and why the Government of Tonga dumped it.
    [Show full text]
  • Guidance for a Risk-Based Approach to Virtual
    GUIDANCE FOR A RISK-BASED APPROACH VIRTUAL ASSETS AND VIRTUAL ASSET SERVICE PROVIDERS JUNE 2019 The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is an independent inter-governmental body that develops and promotes policies to protect the global financial system against money laundering, terrorist financing and the financing of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. The FATF Recommendations are recognised as the global anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-terrorist financing (CFT) standard. For more information about the FATF, please visit www.fatf-gafi.org This document and/or any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Citing reference: FATF (2019), Guidance for a Risk-Based Approach to Virtual Assets and Virtual Asset Service Providers, FATF, Paris, www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfrecommendations/documents/Guidance-RBA-virtual-assets.html © 2019 FATF/OECD. All rights reserved. No reproduction or translation of this publication may be made without prior written permission. Applications for such permission, for all or part of this publication, should be made to the FATF Secretariat, 2 rue André Pascal 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France (fax: +33 1 44 30 61 37 or e-mail: [email protected]) Photocredits coverphoto ©Getty Images GUIDANCE FOR A RISK-BASED APPROACH TO VIRTUAL ASSETS AND VIRTUAL ASSET SERVICE PROVIDERS 1 │ Table of contents Acronyms ...............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Nature of Corporate Governance: the Significance of National Cultural Identity
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Essex Research Repository Queen Mary University of London, School of Law Legal Studies Research Paper No. 140/2013 The Nature of Corporate Governance: The significance of national cultural identity Janet Dine and Marios Koutsias Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2247943 The Nature of Corporate Governance: The significance of national cultural identity Preface The thesis of this book argues that national corporate governance is extremely important for societies. Recently many scholars have said that a convergence of corporate governance is inevitable. We believe that it is true but like Mark Twain said “the report of my death was an exaggeration”. We show that although there is some convergence national law of corporate governance is thriving. We also believe that it is necessary for the identity of each country. The reason that national diversity in corporate governance is still widespread is because of the history, philosophy and economy of each county as shown in its cultural heritage and it gives its identity. The cultural heritage in each state is identifiable in the Company Law and Corporate Governance Codes. We consider that this is crucial for the well being for democratic nations. Convergence in corporate governance is a threat to ordered commercial regulations because of the power of the preeminent economic paradigm in the West which is the neo-liberal model. The neo-liberal agenda that predicates deregulation, privatisation and the liberalisation of markets is moulding many jurisdictions into an Anglo- American model of corporate governance which is dangerous for a number of reasons;1 It is an extreme sort of utilitarianism without significant ethical principles It allows the growth of mega companies backed by powerful international institutions including the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the World Trade Organisation (WTO).
    [Show full text]
  • Session 1D Green Imperialism in French Polynesia
    Michigan Technological University Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech Global Conference of the Youth Environmental Alliance in Higher Education 2nd International Conference of the YEAH Dec 9th, 2:24 PM - 2:35 PM Session 1D Green Imperialism in French Polynesia Sara Mills Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/yeah-conference Recommended Citation Mills, Sara, "Session 1D Green Imperialism in French Polynesia" (2020). Global Conference of the Youth Environmental Alliance in Higher Education. 16. https://doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.yeah-conference/2020/all-events/16 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/yeah-conference Avoiding "Green Imperialism": Examining the Relationship Between France and French Polynesia Sara Mills Background Policy Problems (cont.) Potential Solutions • French Polynesia (FP) is a collection of 118 islands in the South Pacific and a former French colony (Vieux et al. 4) • As a result of colonization, three political • While sustainable development projects are not entirely negative, • The islands are considered "autonomous" and not independent of parties have appeared based on FP's relationship perspectives regarding France and FP's relationship must shift in order to the French Republic (8) with France ("Quatrième Commission", Malogne- avoid "green imperialism" • FP has a booming tourism industry and relies heavily on the sea for Fer): • Developed countries using global environmental agenda to hydropower and fishing (Vieux et al. 9, Opeskin and MacDermott impede economic growth of developing countries (Scholtz 288) 355) • France currently exploits FP resources under the provision that the country • For 30 years, FP was the site of a French nuclear testing site, causing has claim to them since FP is an entity of France environmental and health problems for residents (Malogne- 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Micronational Club Starter Packet
    2019 Blount County Micronational Club Calendar Have you ever dreamed of ruling over your own country? Here’s your chance! What will the laws, customs, and history be? You decide. What will the flag, coins, and postage stamps look like? You will create them. With a different project each week, you’ll build an empire! On December 21, you can present your creations at the Micronational Fair. Recommended for ages 8 to 18. Thursday Topic Project Brainstorm at Home 09-05 @ 4:00 (in What is a country? / Real Micronations / Brainstorming Name / Vexillology (your flag) Sept.) What makes a good flag? Sheet 09-12 Name / Vexillology Flag Geography (your map) 09-19 Geography Map Theme / Declaration of Independence / Symbols / Motto 09-26 Theme / Declaration of Independence / Seal Constitution / Laws Symbols / Motto 10-03 @ 4:30 Constitution / Laws Coins Economics (Oct-Dec) 10-10 Economics Currency Fashion 10-17 Fashion Sash Crowns / Sports / Awards 10-24 Sports Crown / Trophy / Folklore Medals 10-31 Folklore Monster Stamps / Customs 11-07 Infrastructure Stamps / Passports Language 11-14 Language Language Monument 11-21 Monuments Model Music ThanksGive no no no 12-05 Music Song Holidays 12-12 Holidays Calendar Multinational Fair 12-19 no no no Sat. 12-21 / @ Multinational Fair Multinational Fair Diplomacy 1:00 Other ideas: Micronational Olympics? Some of the projects and themes may change. This is your club. I want to hear your ideas! Contact: Clay Kriese Youth Services Specialist 865-273-1414 [email protected] Make Your Own Micronation Worksheet 2019 Blount County Micronational Club Use this sheet (and a pencil) to help you brainstorm ideas for your new country.
    [Show full text]
  • President for the Americas, Intercontinental Hotels Group
    CCO-CHAIRSHAIRS STEVEN A. BALLMER MICHAEL R. BLOOMBERG JULIÁN CASTRO BOB IGER CEO, Microsoft Mayor, City of Mayor, City of Chairman & CEO Corporation New York San Antonio Walt Disney Co. J.W. MARRIOTT, JR. RUPERT MURDOCH JIM MCNERNEY MICHAEL NUTTER Chairman & CEO, Chairman, CEO & Founder, Chairman, CEO & Mayor, City of Marriott International News Corporation President, Boeing Philadelphia MEMBERS JIM ABRAHAMSON SAM ALTMAN SCOTT AVEDISIAN President for the Americas, CEO, Loopt Mayor, Warwick, Rhode Island InterContinental Hotels Group PABLO AMBRAM LINDA AVEY SAM ADAIR Co-Founder, Agent Piggy Co-Founder & CEO, Curious, Inc. Founding Partner, Graham Adair ERNESTO ANCIRA, JR. ROBERT BABCOCK JOE ADAME President & CEO, Ancira Enterprises, Inc. President, Babcock, Scott & Babcock Mayor, Corpus Christi, Texas RICHARD H. ANDERSON DOUGLAS M. BAKER WELBORN ADAMS CEO, Delta Air Lines, Inc. Chairman, President, and CEO, Mayor, Greenwood, South Carolina Ecolab, Inc. BRUNO ALMEIDA ANKIT AGARwaL Founder & Managing Director, MILT BAKER President & CEO, Imbed Biosciences, Inc. U.S. Media Consulting CEO, Blue Water Satellite Inc. AMIT AHARONI TARIK ANSARI RUBEN BARRALES Co-Founder & CEO, CruiseWise CEO & Co-Founder, Mojo President & CEO, San Diego Regional Chamber of Com- STEVEN AHLENIUS LÉO APOTHEKER merce President & CEO, President & CEO, Hewlett-Packard McAllen Chamber of Commerce DAVID BARGER President & CEO, JetBlue Airways JIM ARDIS MADAN AHLUwaLIA Mayor, Peoria, Illinois Managing Attorney, Ahluwalia Law P.C. DAVID BARBER President & CEO, Barber Foods
    [Show full text]
  • Who Governs the Internet? the Emerging Policies, Institutions, and Governance of Cyberspace
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 2013 Who Governs the Internet? The Emerging Policies, Institutions, and Governance of Cyberspace Robert J. Domanski The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1481 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] i WHO GOVERNS THE INTERNET? THE EMERGING POLICIES, INSTITUTIONS, AND GOVERNANCE OF CYBERSPACE by ROBERT J. DOMANSKI A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Political Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2013 ii © 2013 ROBERT J. DOMANSKI All Rights Reserved iii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Political Science in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Donna Kirchheimer 8/5/2013 Date Chair of Examining Committee Joe Rollins 8/5/2013 Date Executive Officer Stephen Brier Andrew Rich Charles Tien Sarah Zelikovitz Supervisory Committee THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iv Abstract WHO GOVERNS THE INTERNET? THE EMERGING POLICIES, INSTITUTIONS, AND GOVERNANCE OF CYBERSPACE by Robert J. Domanski Sponsor: Professor Donna Kirchheimer There remains a widespread perception among both the public and elements of academia that the Internet is “ungovernable”. However, this idea, as well as the notion that the Internet has become some type of cyber-libertarian utopia, is wholly inaccurate.
    [Show full text]
  • The World's Modern Autonomy Systems
    2 The concepT of poliTical auTonomy Thomas Benedikter The World‘s Modern Autonomy Systems Concepts and Experiences of Regional Territorial Autonomy 1 The World’s Modern Autonomy Systems Institute of Minority Rights Concepts and Experiences of Regional Territorial EURAC Research Autonomy Viale Druso/Drususallee 1 I – 39100 Bolzano/Bozen Bozen/Bolzano, 2009 Email: [email protected] This study was written for the European Academy of A second version of this work is available in German Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC; www.eurac.edu), Institute for language: Minority Rights, in the frame of the project Europe- Thomas Benedikter South Asia Exchange on Supranational (Regional) Autonomien der Welt – Eine Einführung in die Policies and Instruments for the Promotion of Human Regionalautonomien der Welt mit vergleichender Rights and the Management of Minority Issues Analyse, ATHESIA, Bozen 2007 (EURASIA-Net) (FP7). ISBN 978-88-8266-479-4 www.athesiabuch.it The first edition of this publication has been released [email protected] in India in 2007 under the title „The World‘s Working Regional Autonomies“ by ANTHEM PRESS, www. This work is dedicated to my father, Alfons Benedikter anthempress.com (born in 1918), who for most of his life gave his all for C-49 Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019, India autonomy and self-determination in South Tyrol. 75-76 Blackfriars Road, London SE1 8HA, UK or PO Box 9779, London SW19 7ZG, UK 244 Madison Ave. #116, New York, NY 10016, USA Edited by Copyright © EURAC 2009 This edition is published in collaboration with the Mahanirban Calcutta Research Group GC 45, Sector 3, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700106, India.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of the Kingdom of Talossa
    i THE HISTORY OF THE KINGDOM OF TALOSSA Volume I: The First Decade Copyright © 1992 Robert Madison All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the author. Toct i drepts reservats. Aucün pärts d'aceastâ püblicaziun non pût estarë reproduçat eda útvarpat dîn iñen formâ eda par iñen aválità, electronic eda mec'hänic, compris la fotocopiâ, la recordaziun, eda par iñen süstém da metrar és retaqar dallas înformaziuns, sânc el permiçál în escribînd del scriutéir. Robert Madison 2963 N. Prospect Avenue Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211-3345 Edited by Sir Iustì Canun, UrGP. ii À va Bäps, sânc qi toct d'acest tenadra estescù ualvieçâ likmente. To my Father, without whom all this would have been even more unlikely. iii Letter of Dedication from the Author The 9th of February 1994/XV This work is a history of the Kingdom of Talossa. Talossa is a community of people, most of whom live in or around Milwaukee's East Side, and who are engaged in what can only be described as fabled exploits--building an independent country (although we do reluctantly concede that we may not have attained very effective sovereignty). Talossans are having fun as Talossans by doing things which are reasonably similar to what other ("real") countries do, whether for reasons of tourist nostalgia, out of a lust for power, in pursuit of parody, or--yes--as nationbuilding. The hilarious pretence (or incipient subversion?) of having our own sovereign state on Milwaukee's East Side began on 26 December 1979, while I was in high school.
    [Show full text]
  • Small States & Territories, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2019, Pp. 183-194 Oecusse And
    Small States & Territories, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2019, pp. 183-194 Oecusse and the Sultanate of Occussi-Ambeno: Pranksterism, misrepresentation and micronationality Philip Hayward School of Communications University of Technology Sydney Australia [email protected] Abstract: Occussi-Ambeno, a fictional sultanate initially conceived by Aotearoan/New Zealander anarchist artist Bruce Grenville in 1968 and represented and developed by him and others over the last fifty years, is notable as both an early example of a virtual micronation (i.e. a type that does not attempt to enact itself within the physical territory it claims) and as an entity affixed to an entire pre-existent territory (in the case of the Sultanate of Occussi- Ambeno, that of Oecusse on the north-west coast of the island of Timor). The latter aspect is pertinent in that however imaginary the micronation is, its association with a region of a small state raises questions concerning the ethics of (mis)representation. This is particularly pertinent in the case of Oecusse, which was occupied by Indonesian forces in 1975 and had its distinct identity subsumed within the Indonesian state until Timor-Leste (and Oecusse as its exclave) successfully gained independence in 2002. Discussions in the article compare the anarcho- pranksterist impulse behind the creation of the Sultanate of Occussi-Ambeno and its manifestation in visual media – primarily through the design and production of ‘artistamps’ (faux postage stamps) – to related economic and socio-political contexts. Keywords: artistamps, Indonesia, micronation, misrepresentation, Occussi-Ambeno, Oecusse, Portugal, Timor, Timor Leste © 2019 – Islands and Small States Institute, University of Malta, Malta.
    [Show full text]
  • 168 the Contemporary Pacific • 22:1 (2010) Jon
    168 the contemporary pacific • 22:1 (2010) 2009). A woman who gave birth to and high-profile regional-hosting com- the prime minister’s grandson issued mitments disguising the reality of an a complaint when she had to pay a overburdening political structure. hospital fee of nz$1,000 (the rate for Several prominent deaths during tourists and contract workers) instead the year received national attention. of nz$26 (the fee for locals and per- The funeral of Sir Pupuke Robati, manent residents) (CIN, 29 Aug 2008). former prime minister and longtime Deputy Prime Minister Maoate, in his member of Parliament for the island of role as minister of health, promised to Rakahanga, was held on 1 May 2009 look at the issue more closely (CIN, 30 (CIN, 27 April, 1 May 2009). Lawyer Aug 2008). Albert Numanga, former John McFadzien, who served as Cook manager of the Cook Islands Tourism Islands solicitor general from 1983 office in Auckland, faced four charges to 1995, died 13 May 2009 (CIN, 14 of defrauding the Cook Islands gov- May 2009, 1). Sir Tangaroa Tangaroa, ernment of a total of nz$1 million. former queen’s representative and Numanga spent over ten years work- member of Parliament for Tongareva, ing in the Cook Islands tourism sector. was given a state funeral service on Numanga’s former boss, Chris Wong, 29 May 2009 (CIN, 29 May 2009). also faced charges of misusing govern- Professor Ron Crocombe passed away ment funds, including using thousands on 18 June 2009 (CIN, 19 June 2009), of dollars for gambling in the Auck- and the nation paid a special tribute to land Sky casino (CIN, 11 Feb 2009).
    [Show full text]