DOCSLIB.ORG

Innovations Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Innovations Report & TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................. 1 SECTION 2: ULB LED INNOVATIONS .................................... 4 SECTION 3: CITIZEN LED INNOVATIONS ............................ 26 SECTION 4: INITIATIVES BY CIVIL SOCIETY AND CORPORATES ...................................................................... 31 Introduction Innovation and best practices in context of waste management Waste management essentially involves activities Waste management measures should include strategies associated with generation, storage, collection, transfer for urban mining and a shift from primary to secondary and transport, processing and disposal of wastes in a resource use (re-use and recycling). Impact of such manner which is environmentally compatible, adopting strategies will be that on one side urban mining and re- principles of economy, aesthetics, energy efficiency and use/recycling strategies will reduce energy requirements conservation. India need to leapfrog its learning curve in and emissions for material production. For example, the area of waste management by translating science aluminium production from scrap requires about 20 times into technology, knowledge into implementation and less energy than from bauxite ore. But on the other side focus on mitigating negative impacts or adapting to recycling of materials from end-of-life products will face unavoidable negative impacts. For this to happen, best significant quality challenges as the share of old scrap practices should have public participation so that the rises, may create quantitative limits to recycling. This is time lag between research and innovations and its because current recycling strategies are largely based on scaling up into projects for public welfare is reduced. downgrading (e.g., accumulation of alloying elements “Soft” components of a project are as important as due to incomplete separation of scrap types, which limits “hardware” component. Therefore, focus of monitoring the range of applications) and dilution (mixing of scrap waste infrastructure should not be in numbers alone but with more clean primary metals). New technologies and also in terms of outcome. For example, monitoring health strategies are required for closing the loops based on old productivity of sanitation scheme compared to merely scrap. monitoring number of toilets constructed. There is a need Later half of previous century has focused on taking away to document lessons from past actions to develop the of waste from habitat area and land dumping/SLF on the right interface between policy and practice. Capacity outskirts of the city. A shift towards adequate mix of building at various levels including Municipal Councils is technological options for waste processing is best for an important activity in this endeavour. sustainable cities. About 50% of the waste is In India, no significant initiatives are seen for strategies to biodegradable. Hence, bio-methanation and use of reduce waste generation. Traditionally India had low per bioenergy is good option followed by composting and capita waste generation rate compared to developed use of manure for agriculture. Recovery of plant nutrients and many developing countries, however, with changing such as Nitrogen and Phosphorus will close the nutrient lifestyle, this may not be the case. Public awareness for cycle retaining these scarce resources for longer duration ‘reducing or refusing’ to generate waste and storing of on land. Resource and energy recovery will make these waste in a manner to allow downstream interventions is a technologies fiscally sustainable. good practice in this context. Innovations in the area of There are not enough evidences of the negative impact ‘sustainable production and consumption’ is required in a of septic tanks and soak pits and therefore they continue big way. Behavioural changes among citizens would to enjoy main stay in public policies specially in the promote reduction in waste or source segregation and context of decentralised lavatories. Huge target, PPP and utilization within the household, for instance, through CSR funding resulted in the focus on “low hanging fruits” innovative engagement with ULBs. completely ignoring the high hanging fruits which could Scientific literature has established that energy use and be dangerous for long term sustainability. For example, emissions are involved in waste transportation. the word sanitation itself is liberally interpreted as Decentralised management of waste and concept of construction of toilets, completely ignoring the whole zero campuses is also a good practice to be followed and cycle of water and sludge management. Decentralised replicated for low carbon and low energy-based treatment systems like soak pits and septic tanks shift the management of waste. problem of pollution from surface to below grounds that can have long-term irreparable damage. Initiatives that 01 blends sanitation practices in the context of cultural and composting and minimizing dependence on chemical social traditions is important to achieve objectives of fertilizers are utilized across the country and community cleaner India. composting projects or home composting is widely practiced. Source segregation of waste and its Indicators 7.1 and 7.2 in Swachh Survekshan 2019 measure decentralized management at city level can reduce the initiatives led by ULBs and citizens respectively for pressure on ULBs to manage the same. Inorganic wastes innovation and best practices in the field of waste have been segregated and recycled across the country. management. Innovation is defined based on the For instance, innovative use of waste plastic for pavement interpretation of newness of the service and the value it blocks, or construction of walls reduces plastic waste creates not just for the developer (in this case ULBs), but reaching landfill or dump sites. also the customers (in this case the citizens)1. The European Union defines innovation as “the successful Management of liquid waste, including faecal sludge production, assimilation and exploitation of novelty in the management economic and social spheres”.2 For the purpose of this Faecal sludge management continues to remain one of report, best practices are those initiatives where the ULB the biggest challenges among the ULBs and a robust or citizens have taken a lead in scaling up projects thus faecal sludge management is yet to be seen. While reducing the learning curve for others to emulate or have prompt desludging and removal of overflowing waste significant impact in terms of health outcome. through tankers are practiced by many ULBs, few ULBs are City-level Innovations and Best Practices also in advanced stages of construction of faecal sludge treatment plant. ULBs and citizens across the country have undertaken Site remediation various initiatives supporting Swachh Bharat Mission, which focus on innovative ways of community Several ULBs have provided beautifully transformed areas engagement to bring behavior changes as well as to their citizens, which existed as big garbage dumping technological interventions to strengthen existing waste yards or Garbage Vulnerable Points (GVP). These points management practices. We have endeavoured to have been converted into parks or play areas for senior showcase but a few of these shining examples in this citizens and children. With community engagement, its report. upkeep and maintenance are joint responsibility of ULB and citizens. Scientific bio-remediation of landfill sites are ULBs and citizens across the country undertook various also been taken up. These initiatives have helped initiatives supporting Swachh Bharat Mission, which focus transform an unscientifically managed dumping yard into on innovative ways of community engagement to bring open areas for common use by the citizens. behaviour changes as well as technological interventions to strengthen existing waste management practices. Employee motivation and compliance Some of these initiatives have ben highlighted in this The assessment revealed that several ULBs have taken the report. help of local self-help groups (SHGs) to encourage source Management of solid waste, including waste to energy segregation and other good practices in waste management among citizens. In addition, monitoring of A review of the evidence submitted by ULBs reveal a clear door-to-door collection of waste through radio frequency trend towards source segregation of organic waste at identification (RFID) based garbage collection systems household or at community level providing opportunities and mobile app enabled online attendance and for converting waste to energy, and also for cooking fuel movement through GPS-driven tracking have been can at home through biogas generation and processing be helpful in enhancing employee motivation as well as biogas as transportation fuel. Benefits through Some initiatives have been taken at individual household monitoring the performance at a central level. level in the community, for instance, maintaining gardens 1 Witell, L., Snyder, H., Gustafsson, A., Fombelle, P., & Kristensson, P. (2016). Defining service innovation: A review and synthesis. Journal of Business Research, 69(8), 2863–2872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.12.055 2 EU (1995), “Green paper on innovation. December 1995”, European Commission, available at: http://europa.eu/documents/comm/green_papers/pdf/com95_688_en.pdf (accessed January 17, 2019) 02 Community engagement in awareness programs
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Improving Consumer Voices and Accountability in the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) Findings from the Benchmarking Citizen Report Cards in Odisha and Tamil Nadu CRC-2
    Improving Consumer Voices and Accountability in the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) Findings from the benchmarking Citizen Report Cards in Odisha and Tamil Nadu CRC-2 Conducted By For Project Supported by June 2017 Public Affairs Foundation (PAF) Implementation of Citizen Report Card (CRC-2) as a part of Improving Consumer Voices and Accountability in Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) [SBM(G)] Report of Findings Submitted to Public Affairs Centre (PAC) [For Feedback please contact Meena Nair at [email protected]] June 2017 [page left blank] i Public Affairs Foundation | CRC-2 in Tamil Nadu and Odisha | PAC/BMGF | June 2017 Table of Contents List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ viii Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................................. ix Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Report Outline ...................................................................................................................................... 10 Section 2: Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 11 Section
    [Show full text]
  • Lessons from the Swachh Bharat Mission – Driving Behaviour Change at Scale
    The making of “Swachh” India Lessons from the Swachh Bharat Mission – driving behaviour change at scale October 2018 KPMG.com/in © 2018 KPMG, an Indian Registered Partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved. Foreword The Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM), which is perhaps the largest behaviour change campaign ever, aims to make India a clean nation. There is enough evidence to show that India is on a new trajectory of growth owing to the achievements under the mission. SBM has witnessed a phenomenal increase in rural sanitation coverage from 39 per cent to 90 per cent in the last four years. It is heartening to see the people of our nation stepping beyond their roles as mere beneficiaries of the programme to becoming its leaders. The large majority of citizens in rural India, especially the women, no longer have to suffer the indignity of having to go out into the open to defecate. In fact, women are becoming the primary force in driving the nation in becoming free from open defecation. It marks a sea change in their attitude which has a direct impact on their dignity and quality of life. The World Health Organization (WHO) believes that SBM could prevent about 300,000 deaths due to water borne diseases assuming we achieve 100 per cent coverage by October 2019. The credit for this will go to every Indian who was part of this campaign. I take this opportunity to congratulate the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation and every citizen in the country for catalysing the achievements achieved thus far.
    [Show full text]
  • National Guidelines for Smart Cities in India
    GCI Thematic Round Table: A Dialogue on Smart Cities, June 29th, 2015 National Guidelines for Smart Cities in India Bharat Punjabi Post Doctoral Fellow, Institute on Municipal Finance and Governance, University of Toronto Visiting Fellow, Global Cities Institute, University of Toronto Email: [email protected] Major Objectives of the Smart Cities Mission • Retrofitting – providing services to those city pockets which are deficient in them • Redevelopment – reconstruction of those city pockets where other interventions are unlikely to bring improvements • City-wide improvements such as Intelligent Transport Solutions, and greenfield smart cities Excerpt from the Guidelines: Brownfield and Green field “ The purpose of the Smart Cities Mission is to drive economic growth and improve the quality of life of people by enabling local area development and harnessing technology, especially technology that leads to Smart outcomes. Area-based development will transform existing areas (retrofit and redevelop), including slums, into better planned ones, thereby improving liveability of the whole City. New areas (greenfield) will be developed around cities in order to accommodate the expanding population in urban areas. Application of Smart Solutions will enable cities to use technology, information and data to improve infrastructure and services ” The core infrastructure elements in a Smart City would include: • Adequate water supply, • Assured electricity supply, • Sanitation, including solid waste management, • Efficient urban mobility and public transport, • Affordable housing • Robust IT connectivity and digitalization, • Good governance, especially e-Governance and citizen participation, • Sustainable environment, • Safety and security of citizens, particularly women, children and the elderly, and • Health and education Finance and Urban Governance: Centre- State co-operation • Rs.
    [Show full text]
  • Transforming India Through Make in India, Skill India and Digital India
    through Make in India, Sk⬆⬆⬆ India & 1 through Make in India, Sk⬆⬆⬆ India & 2 through Make in India, Sk⬆⬆⬆ India & 3 through Make in India, Sk⬆⬆⬆ India & From President’s Desk We envisage a transformed India where the economy is in double digit growth trajectory, manufacturing sector is globally competitive, the agriculture sector is sufficient to sustain the rising population and millions of jobs are created for socio-economic development of the Dr. Mahesh Gupta nation. This transformation will take place through the dynamic policy environment announced by our esteemed Government. The policies like Make in India, Skill India and Digital India have the potential to “India has emerged as the boost not only economic growth but overall socio-economic development of the country to the next level. The inclusive one of the fastest moving development of the country would pave the way for peace, progress economies and a leading and prosperity. investment destination. The fact is that ever since India I believe, the economic activity is expected to regain its momentum in has launched dynamic the coming months with circulation of new currency in the system that reforms there has been no would lead to reduction in interest rates and higher aggregate demand. looking back. ” The theme of our 111th AGM is “Transforming India through Make in India, Skill India & Digital India’. The transformed India provide housing for all, education for all, easy access to medical and health facilities as well as safe and better standards of living to the population of India. Transformed India would promise every citizen to realize his or her potential and contribute towards self, family and the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin
    Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin Introduction To end open defecation and adopt safe sanitation practices in Rural India, Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin was launched. Proper containment of excreta is a must for preventing the faecal oral transmission of pathogens. Many a socio- economic parameters of our society is directly affected by the magnitude of practice of open defecation. These include Infant Mortality Rate, Maternal Mortality Rate, number of school dropouts, average life expectancy, etc. The district administration of Pudukkottai is committed and is working towards making Pudukkottai an Open Defecation Free(ODF) district. The Government of India and the Government of Tamil Nadu has been working for improving rural sanitation coverage right from 1986. The first such program was the Central Rural Sanitation Program which was initiated in 1986 to construct toilets for the rural people. Then came the ‘demand driven’ approach of Total Sanitation Campaign in 1999. GoI also launched an award based Incentive Scheme for fully sanitized and open defecation free gram panchayats, blocks, districts and states called “Nirmal Gram Puraskar” (NGP) in October 2003 and gave away the first awards in 2005 as a component of its flagship scheme Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC). Then in 2012, Nirmal Bharat Abhiyaan was launched with an enhanced incentive amount for constructing the toilet. The Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin was launched on October 2nd 2014 with the aim of making the whole country Open Defecation Free(ODF) by October 2nd 2019 as a tribute to Mahatma Gandhi on his 150th birth anniversary. Swachh Bharat Mission is different from the earlier programs. First, the eligibility criteria for selection of beneficiaries have been expanded to include all BPL as well as underprivileged APL citizens.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020121470.Pdf
    INDEX 1. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare ................................................... 1 to 12 2. Ministry of Commerce and Industry .................................................................... 13 to 16 3. Ministry of communication ................................................................................... 17 to 18 4. Ministry of Finance ................................................................................................. 19 to 24 5. Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises ...................................................... 25 6. Ministry of Human Resource and Development ................................................... 26 to 32 7. Ministry of Jal Shakti. ............................................................................................ 33 to 36 8. Ministry of Minority Affairs .................................................................................. 37 to 39 9. Minority of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions .............................................. 40 10. Ministry of Panchayat Raj .............................................................................................. 41 11. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways: .................................................................. 42 12. Ministry of Rural Development ............................................................................ 43 to 47 13. Ministry of Shipping ....................................................................................................... 48 14. Ministry
    [Show full text]
  • HUL – #Startupindia GRAND WATER SAVING CHALLENGE
    HUL – #StartupIndia GRAND WATER SAVING CHALLENGE Overview In support of the Prime Minister’s Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) and the UN SDGs, Hindustan Unilever Ltd. (HUL) in association with Invest India, Startup India, and AGNIi is launching the Grand Water Saving Challenge. The Challenge aims to address the need for an efficient flush system in public toilets to ensure optimum usage of water and a clean and hygienic toilet. The national challenge has been catalysed by the ‘Healthy Cities and Communities’ initiative by the World Economic Forum that aims to improve people’s well-being by enabling them to live longer and fuller lives in their local environments. In collaboration with the Toilet Board Coalition (TBC), the national challenge is inviting start-ups, technologists, R&D labs, incubators, independent inventors, and youth to participate and make a difference with their innovative solutions. Participants can submit their entries via Startup India hub free of cost. The winners of the challenge will receive a cash prize of INR 5 Lakh in addition to an opportunity to install and pilot their invention at one of the Suvidha centres, community hygiene centres conceptualized by HUL in Mumbai. DETAILED ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA a. The challenge is open to Startups that are registered with DPIIT (Department for Promotion of Industry & Internal Trade) b. The Challenge is also open to academic institutions that may not be registered as above. c. Employees of the Company, its Affiliates, distributors, appointed agency/entity holding the Challenge, their families and immediate relatives are not eligible to participate in the program. d. The Challenge is valid for Indian nationals residing in India who are eighteen years of age or above and who are not legally ineligible to participate for any reason whatsoever.
    [Show full text]
  • “Bal Swachhta Mission” on 14Th November 2014 on the Occasion Of
    Press Note ******* The Government of India is launching the “ Bal Swachhta Mission” on 14 th November 2014 on the occasion of Children’s Day (Bal Divas), in which children at the Anganwaris Centres would be sensitized and involved in different aspects of hygiene and safe sanitation. Earlier, On October 2, 2014, the Prime Minster of India launched a nationwide sanitation initiative in the form of “Swachh Bharat Mission”. The mission focuses on improving cleanliness and hygiene in urban and rural areas, in work places and homes, and on curbing open defecation. Also each year, the week from 14th to 19th November is celebrated as ICDS Week and the theme of this year will be “Bal Swachhta”. The Department of Social Welfare, Chandigarh Administration is undertaking the implementation of the program in all its units and also in convergence with other Departments like Department of School Education, The department of Public health and Municipal Corporation to undertake cleanliness drives, ensuring clean surroundings and sensitization on issues of personal hygiene and child health. The program will be launched on 14 th November 2014 and the activities will continue for the whole week i.e. 14 th -19 th November 2014. A detailed plan of action for celebration of Bal Swachta Mission has been prepared in line with the themes suggested by Government of India. On 14 th November 2014, on the occasion of Children’s Day, the Department of social welfare in convergence with Health department will organize a Camp for comprehensive health checkup at Snehalaya- Children home, followed by many other recreational activities and programs for children formally marking the beginning of the celebrations.
    [Show full text]
  • Household Survey for Assessment of Toilet Coverage Under Swachh Bharat Mission – Gramin”
    Report of “Household survey for Assessment of Toilet Coverage under Swachh Bharat Mission – Gramin” Submitted to Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation By Quality Council of India 2nd Floor, Institution of Engineers Building, 2-Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi www.qcin.org . Swachh Bharat Mission – Gramin|2017 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 4 2. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 SAMPLING METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................. 6 2.2 SURVEY DESIGN ................................................................................................................................................ 7 2.3 SURVEY DESIGN – NAMAMI GANGE ...................................................................................................................... 8 2.4 DATA SOURCE AND COLLECTION ........................................................................................................................... 8 2.5 DATA MONITORING AND CONTROL ........................................................................................................................ 9 2.6 QUALITY CHECK FRAMEWORK .............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Parliament of India Rajya Sabha Parliament
    PARLIAMENT OF INDIA RAJYA SABHA DEPARTMENT-RELATED PARLIAMENTARY STANDING COMMITTEE ON HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT Rajya Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi December, 2016/Agrahayana, 1938 (Saka) Hindi version of this publication is also available PARLIAMENT OF INDIA RAJYA SABHA DEPARTMENT-RELATED PARLIAMENTARY STANDING COMMITTEE ON HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TWO HUNDRED EIGHTY THIRD REPORT The Implementation of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan And Mid-Day-Meal Scheme (Presented to the Rajya Sabha on 15th December, 2016) (Laid on the Table of Lok Sabha on 15th December, 2016) Rajya Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi December, 2016/ Agrahayana, 1938 (Saka) C O N T E N T S PAGES 1. COMPOSITION OF THE COMMITTEE …........................................................... (i) 2. PREFACE…………………………………………………………………………. (ii) 3. LIST OF ACRONYMS ……….......…............................................................ (iii)-(iv) 4. REPORT.........................................................................................…... ......................... 4. *OBSERVATIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE - AT A GLANCE ... 5. *MINUTES .............................................................................................. 6. *ANNEXURES.................................................................................................. ______________________________ *Appended on printing stage COMPOSITION OF THE COMMITTEE (Constituted w.e.f. 1st September, 2016) 1. Dr. Satyanarayan Jatiya ¾ Chairman RAJYA SABHA 2. Prof. Jogen Chowdhury 3. Prof. M.V. Rajeev Gowda 4. Shri
    [Show full text]
  • Financing Swachh Bharat: Finding the Money for Clean India
    FINANCE BRIEF JUNE 2016 12 FINANCING SWACHH BHARAT: FINDING THE MONEY FOR CLEAN INDIA India’s latest national sanitation programme, Swachh Bharat (‘Clean India’), is Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s striking initiative to re-energise the drive towards improved sanitation access and lower rates of open defecation. For an initiative of this scale to succeed, every level of government must be able to access the funds necessary to reach millions of households. This Finance Brief examines the current financial outlook for Swachh Bharat, and considers potential sanitation funding models. A key innovation is a 0.5% addition to the national Service Tax, ring-fenced for sanitation and expected to raise US $150 million per annum. ‘TOILET FIRST, TEMPLE LATER’: THE SWACHH SBM is attracting enormous international attention: can BHARAT MISSION top-level political commitment combined with massive government investment resolve the immense sanitation The Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) was launched by Prime challenges of a lower-middle-income country? Everybody Minister Modi in October 2014 with the cry of ‘toilet first, hopes so! Nonetheless, the challenges are immense. Will SBM temple later’: an acknowledgement of the need for improved genuinely improve sanitation, or will it simply subsidise the sanitation and hygiene in India. SBM’s main objectives are to construction of millions of low-quality latrines? And will the eradicate open defecation and provide all Indians with access government find the money necessary to achieve genuinely to sanitation facilities by 2019. The central government (GOI) functional urban sanitation systems? is therefore subsidising construction on an enormous scale: 8.8 million rural toilets were built in the programme’s first year, THE COST OF SWACHH BHARAT and in urban areas 25,000 community toilets and 26,000 public The costs of improving rural and urban sanitation have been toilets are to be built in 2015/16 alone.
    [Show full text]
  • Swachh Bharat Mission Making India ODF
    PAS Project PAS Project 1 1 Swachh Bharat Mission Making India ODF Dinesh Mehta, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, INDIA Challenge of Open Defecation Globally, 100 million people in urban areas resort to 0pen defecation Of these 48% are in India India, 48.2 Indonesia, 17.3 Nigeria, 12.4 INDIA Sudan, 2.5 Pakistan, 2.3 Philippines, 1.6 Madagascar, 1.4 Ethiopia, 1.3 Benin, 1.2 South Sudan, 1.1 Rest of the World, 15.5 Source: Based on information from WHO / UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP – 2013) for Water Supply and PAS Project Sanitation; Retrieved on 20th Sep 2013 from http://www.wssinfo.org/data-estimates/table/ 2 In Urban India (Urban Population 380 million) 62 million people H AVE NO TOILET 42 million people PRACTICE OPEN DEFECATION 20 million people DEPEND ON COMMUNITY TOILETS 25 million households USE SEPTIC TANKS 30 Billion litres daily UNTREATED WASTEWATER PAS Project 3 Swachh Bharat Mission JMP, 2015 revealed that nearly 600 million Indians lack access to safe and private toilets In August 2014, the Prime Minister announced an ambitious programme, “Swachh Bharat Mission” (Clean India Campaign), with a goal of making India Open Defecation Free and making a toilet accessible to every Indian PAS Project 4 4 PAS @ CEPT University We have been tracking urban water and sanitation service delivery since 2009 in India. This is through a major action research grant from Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for developing a statewide Performance Assessment System (PAS) for urban water supply and sanitation in Maharashtra and Gujarat, now extended to states of Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Assam, Jharkhand….
    [Show full text]