NAT. CROAT. VOL. 28 No 2 483-514 ZAGREB December 31, 2019
professional paper/stručni članak – museum collections/muzejske zbirke DOI 10.20302/NC.2019.28.
PLETHORA OF PLANTS - COLLECTIONS OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB (3): IRIS (IRIDACEAE) COLLECTION
Sanja Kovačić
Botanical Garden, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 9a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia (e-mail: [email protected])
Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants – collections of the Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (3): Iris (Iridaceae) Collection. Nat. Croat., Vol. 28, No. 2., 483-514, 2019, Zagreb. In this paper, the plant lists of the genus Iris (Iridaceae family) grown in Zagreb Botanical Garden of the Faculty of Science since 1895 are studied. Synonymy, nomenclature and origin of plant material were sorted. Lists of species grown in the last 124 years have been constructed to show that during that period at least 273 taxa of wild and cultivated irises inhabited the Garden’s collections. Today we have 168 species, cultivars and hybrids. Key words: Zagreb Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, historic plant collections, Iris collection Kovačić, S.: Obilje bilja – zbirke Botaničkoga vrta Prirodoslovno-matematičkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu (3): Zbirka perunika (Iris, Iridaceae). Nat. Croat., Vol. 28, No. 2., 483-514, 2019, Zagreb. U ovom članku sastavljeni su popisi svojta perunika (rod Iris, porodica Iridaceae) uzgajanih u Botaničkom vrtu zagrebačkog Prirodoslovno-matematičkog fakulteta između 1895. i 2019. godine. Uređena je sinonimika i nomenklatura te istraženo podrijetlo biljnog materijala. Rezultati pokazuju da su tijekom 124 godine kroz zbirke Botaničkog vrta prošle najmanje 273 divlje i uzgojne svojte perunika. Danas uzgajamo 168 vrsta, kultivara i križanaca. Ključne riječi: Botanički vrt PMF-a u Zagrebu, povijesne zbirke biljaka, rod Iris
INTRODUCTION The comprehensive investigation of plant collections in the Botanical Garden of the Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (in further text “Botanical Garden” or “the Garden”) initiated in 2012 is continuing with inventories of indigenous, wild and cultivated taxa of the genus Iris Tourn. ex L. (Iridaceae family). The general facts about the Garden and its collections were published in the first paper of this series (Kovačić, 2015) and will not be repeated here. Following the established principles, I made an inventory of the genus Iris s.l. taxa cultivated in collections of our Botanical Garden since 1895. Irises are well known and extensively cultivated around the globe for centuries and are used in perfumery and pharmacy. The genus Iris includes between 200 and 300 species, depending on the comprehension of the genus range (Barker & Govaerts, 2016); for example, more than 1400 taxa – species, subspecies, natural varieties and hybrids – are listed in The Plant List database (http://www.theplantlist. 484 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection org/), and its successor World Flora Online (http://www.worldfloraonline.org/), and about 1500 in the databases of cultivated taxa (for example, the Pacific Bulb Society, https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Iris). Wild taxa are divided into subgenera, sections and subsections (Shear, 2002), inter-relations of which are complex and not included in this inventory. Most Iris species are distributed in the temperate regions of Europe, Asia and North America, predominantly in dry, semi-desert, or rocky mountainous areas, less in grasslands, meadowlands, bogs and riverbanks (Kamanatsky & Okubo, 2012). Iris species, cultivars and hybrids grown in the collections of our Botanical Garden during the years have been planted outdoors, where they are represented by several specimens each, and are periodically rejuvenated by being divided (vegetatively). Irises are not listed in the CITES-lists (http://checklist.cites.org/#/en), but up to 26 taxa are listed as (potentially) invasive acc. to EASIN (http://alien.jrc.ec.europa. eu/SpeciesMapper), though of low/unknown impact. Samples for the wild taxa collections in our Garden are obtained through the Delectus (Index) Seminum-network of inter-botanic-garden seed exchange, while the collections of cultivars and hybrids are supplemented from specialist nurseries or private collectors. Some of the estimations calculate that up to 100 000 Iris cultivars are available today in innumerable nurseries around the world, while around 41 400 are registered by name with the general authority, the American Iris Society (https://irises.org/), presenting this genus as the most popular monocotyledon in cultivation today. These are reasons for the endangerment of some Iris taxa in their natural habitats. More than 20 wild Iris species – especially those very rare, aesthetically pleasing or/and parental to the vast selection of horticultural hybrids and cultivars – are today red-listed. The Global Red List (https://www.iucnredlist.org) holds seven Iris species: one critically endangered (CR), four endangered (EN) and two vulnerable (VU). European, and combined Euro-Mediterranean Red Lists hold a single critically endangered (CR) Iris species each, while the Mediterranean Red List contains 14 species: 4 (CR), 6 (EN) and 4 (VU). Many more Iris taxa are listed as data deficient (DD) or estimated as of low concern (LC) in all of the aforementioned Red Lists (https://www.iucnredlist.org). The Croatian Red List (https://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd/CrvenaKnjiga/) and subsequent legislation hold two vulnerable (VU) Iris taxa, both – interestingly – unrecognized by the “higher authorities” (for example, Euro+Med Plantbase, World Flora Online, Global Red List, etc.). These are the Croatian “local endemics” (Mitić & Cigić, 2007) Iris croatica Horvat & M. D. Horvat (Mitić et al., 2004) and I. sibirica L. subsp. sibirica (Topić et al., 2004). The entire Iris genus, with 14 indigenous species, two subspecies and two natural hybrids, is statutorily strictly protected in all Croatian wild habitats (http://www.propisi.hr/print.php?id=12728). It is worth mentioning that irises are closely related to the Slavic mythology: the Croatian (and not only Croatian) word for the genus, “perunika”, dedicates its flower to the highest deity of the ancient Slavic pantheon – the thunder god Perun. Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 485
MATERIAL & METHOD Three main sources are used for the construction of lists of irises that have grown in the Botanical Garden’s collections since its foundation. As explained in Kovačić (2015), these are: (i) published records on the historic collections of the early days (1891-1896), (ii) a passive database of plants cultivated in the Garden since the early 1950s, but not living today and (iii) an active database of plants recently (September 2019) living in our collections. The initial part of this study (i) is based on a booklet written by the founder of our Botanical Garden, Professor Antun Heinz (Heinz, 1895-1896), often imprecise in stating the details on the inventory. After that, there is a gap of more than 50 years during which the data on the Garden collections are missing – until recent records were founded in the early 1950s, and since than systematically gathered (details in Kovačić, 2015). Unlike the glasshouse exotics described in our previous papers (Kovačić, 2015; Sandev et al., 2017), the origin of most of the Iris species in our inventory cards is well documented. Part of the reason lies, possibly, in the fact that irises appear relatively late in our inventory cards (late 1950s), when the protocol was already well established and new taxa ordered via the Index Seminum network, or brought in from field research. For most of the entries the plant origin is clearly noted (hometown, botanic garden, natural site, donator, or collector), together with a year when the material was acquired, and in which form (seed, cutting, bulb, rhizome or living plant - planta viva). As the irises are grown in several Garden collections, I divided the inventory lists of taxa in four groups. These informal, and partly overlapping groups are: 1. indigenous Iris-species of wild origin, brought to the Garden from field excursions as living plants (plantae vivae) and further grown in the collections (phytogeographical sections or rockeries) dedicated to the native flora (Tab. 1, Photo-table 1); 2. other, non-native Iris species of presumably wild origin, obtained via Index Seminum publications, grown from the seeds and planted elsewhere in the Garden (Tab. 2, Photo-table 2); 3. cultivars of wild species partly acquired as living plants (incl. rhizomes and bulbs), partly grown from seeds obtained via Index Seminum publications, out of which some could be presumably of wild origin (natural varieties and forms, rarely hybrids), but are mostly of garden-origin; planted in the Garden’s ornamental flowerbeds, nurseries or systematic fields (Tab. 3, Photo-table 3); 4. Iris Barbata hybrids (also called “bearded” irises, mostly of the “tall bearded” group, an offspring of the Iris × germanica and I. variegata progenitors), plants of elaborated man-made origin achieved via meticulous crossings of vast numbers of named and un-named (called “seedlings”) hybrids. These are acquired strictly as living plants (in the form of rhizomes) and planted in the Garden’s nurseries, ornamental flowerbeds and Iridarium, established in 2004 (Tab. 4, Photo-table 4). As our Botanical Garden grows many “local” plants of South East European distribution, I felt that the authentic nomenclature as stated in our old inventory- cards – even though today partly unrecognized – should be preserved. Therefore, 486 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Tables 1 and 2 are designed to conserve the original plant names, the entries by which the specimens arrived to our collection, whenever possible: unfortunately, sometimes the original names during the years were erased and replaced with the valid synonyms of that time. Recently valid, up-do-date nomenclature is added in the last columns of Tabs. 1 and 2, when possible: in some occasions it was not possible to connect the original name-entry to the recently valid name. Therefore, the nomenclature in this paper follows several authorities, in accordance with the group of irises in focus, in attempt to keep the historical data with up-to-date synonyms. In Tab. 1, the main authority is the Croatian Flora Database (https://hirc.botanic. hr/fcd/), for the sole reason that many Croatian Iris-taxa are not recently recognized by the prominent floristic databases (Euro+Med Plantbase, World Flora Online, IPNI). If some taxon is not included in the Croatian flora, the Euro+Med Plantbase is consulted secondarily (http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/query.asp). The World Flora Online (http://www.worldfloraonline.org/) database is added last, also used as the nomenclatural authority in the Tabs. 2 and 3 for the species outside Euro+Med Plantbase’s range. Names of cultivars and hybrids in the Tab. 3 follow botanical nomenclature whenever possible; but also other, “less scientific” sources, such as horticultural databases. For the Iris Barbata (“bearded”) group of hybrids listed in Table 4, the Iris Encyclopedia of the American Iris Society (http:// wiki.irises.org/) was consulted first, followed by the databases of the Historic Iris Preservation Society (https://www.historiciris.org/) and the National Gardening Organization (https://garden.org/plants/view/181474/Irises-Iris/).
RESULTS & DISCUSSION As seen in Heinz (1895-1896), in the late 19th century only four Iris species are named as living in our Botanical Garden, all “common Croatian” taxa that we still grow today. The Iris genus is described very poorly, as “in sizable number” (…”oveći broj Iris-vrsta, perunika…”) of “mostly Mediterranean species”, highlighting by name only “medicinal species” Iris germanica, I. pallida and I. florentina, besides I. pseudacorus (Heinz, 1895-1896 – p. 23). Two of these kept their original names: the common yellow flag (Iris pseudacorus L.) and the Dalmatian iris (I. pallida Lam., which include I. illyrica Tomm. and I. pseudopallida Trinajstić, still recognized by the Flora Croatica Database), most probably originally endemic to the Croatian coast, but widely cultivated elsewhere. The blue German bearded iris (I. germanica L.) and white German bearded iris or Florentine iris (I. florentina L.) are today nested in the range of an olden cultivated “megataxon”, Iris × germanica L., which includes many “little” taxa considered to be endemic in this part of Europe (Mitić & Cigić, 2007). Today we do not know where those first irises were planted in the Garden (systematic fields, beds with the “useful plants”, flowerbeds?), except for I. pseudacorus (“growing by the pond”). Also, we do not know where those plants originated: were they from Croatian wild localities, or of some “other-garden” origin? Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 487
1. Indigenous or wild irises collected in Croatia and the neighbourhood countries Tab. 1 comprises the irises collected in their natural habitats, which were (and still are) grown in the national indigenous plant collections (“the rockeries”) in our Garden: phytogeographical sections (Karstic – K, Mediterranean – M and sub-Mediterranean – SBM), established during the “Second Yugoslavia” era (1945 - 1991). Details about the Garden’s rockeries with indigenous flora could be found in Stamenković & Kovačić (2014). According to my calculations, since 1959 at least 24 Iris taxa have passed through the Garden phytogeographical sections, out of which we keep 14 today (Tab. 1, Photo-table 1). It must be emphasized that several taxa were never properly determined before vanishing from the collections (inventory-cards designated as “Iris sp.” were excluded from this inventory). Also, the samples assigned “for scientific purposes” (in Tabs. 1 and 2) are not parts of the Garden’s collection, but kept in our nurseries for the research of Professor Božena Mitić and her colleagues. Most of the samples (51) listed in Tab. 1 were collected in Croatian localities as living plants, while 12 originate from neighbouring countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and North Macedonia that were during the time of collecting, like Croatia, part of Yugoslavia). Six samples are of unknown origin (“nn” in Tab. 1 and other tables). Older scientific names are difficult to track, due to synonymy and taxonomical changes, so I cannot be absolutely certain about which taxon some of the plant samples, now missing from our collections, actually belonged to. As already emphasized, I intentionally kept the original plant-names from our inventory-cards of the plants today missing from our collection, to preserve this vivid, today often neglected, nomenclature of the past. It is also worth mentioning that some of the samples planted in the rockeries were collected as wild-growing, but are today considered to be of an ancient cultivated origin: that is particularly the case with the “local taxa” such as blue and white German bearded irises (I. × germanica and I. × florentina), which were grown as “indigenous” in our phytogeographical sections (rockeries). As Tab. 1 shows, the first irises from the wild were brought to the Garden in 1959, by our first post-WWII Garden Manager Dr. Sala Ungar. Those were Iris illyrica Tomm. (I. illyrica Tomm. ex Vis. is today considered to be a synonym of I. pallida Lam. subsp. illyrica (Tomm. ex Vis.) K. Richt.) from the Croatian North Adriatic shores (Sušanj near Karlobag); I. macedonica Horv. (illegitimate name, probably one of the I. reichenbachii Heuff. range) and I. pumila L. subsp. attica (Boiss. et Heldr.) Hay. f. ochridana (unknown form) from North-Macedonian Mt Galičica. The others were brought mostly as living plants (planta viva) from Dr. Ungar’s field excursions across ex-Yugoslavia in the 1960s. According to the national Flora Croatica Database, the Croatian flora today comprises 14 Iris species (https://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd/ShowResults. aspx?hash=-1000434997), out of which several are included in the larger (“mega”-) taxa according to prominent botanic databases (Euro+Med 488 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Tab. 1. Indigenous Iris species native to Croatia and neighbouring countries, brought from the field excursions as living plants and grown in the collections of native plants in the Botanical Garden from 1959 to 2019.
Notes in Origin of plant Year of Last Notes and ( ro t e ori inal Collection the original FCD Euro+Med Plant List material* obtaining recorded remarks in entor - ar ) inventory-card
Iris a riati a Čiovo 1988 1989 Trinajstić aut or o t e i eni 1988 1989 I. a riati a alid taxon Trinajstić ex es ription, Bi in e 1988 1989 Mitić Iris adriatica Trinajstić ex Mitić Professor Mitić, is eepin er Unešić 2001 2001 Nurser in t e Gar en Bili e 201 2019 Nurser purposes Zelen ora, I. osnia a I. rei en a ii Iris osnia a Be Bosnia & 19 1989 SB no no Her e o ina
Iris en ialti A r. Kr 19 19 9 s n. I. palli a orr. I. ill ri a I. en ialti Ambrosi ex La . su sp. I. en ialti A.Kern. is a s noni o en ialti A r. is a Gorn e elen e 19 2012 SB I. palli a su sp. en ialti orr. I. palli a (A r.) Foster s noni o (Ambrosi ex A.Kern.) I. ill ri a To . Foster nn 1993 2019 Nurser purposes
Sa o ors o Iris roati a Hor . 19 3 1989 K I. × roati a or e Hor at & I. roati a I. roati a .D.Hor at / Hor at et Strahinjčica 19 0 2019 K Hor at et no ille iti ate/ is . D. Hor at Hor at . a s non o VU I. × e e ni a 1989 2019 K er ani a L.
S ste ati nn 19 2 2019
nn 19 3 19 9 Nurser I. er ani a not o ar. Orebić 19 9 2001 florentina or Iris er ani a unresol e no Iris Florentina L. na e ( .r s.or .u ) nn 2008 2019 Nurser purposes) I. x florentina is in l. to I. × Orebić 201 2019 Iri ariu er ani a roup Nurser , Orebić 19 9 2001 later Sa o ors o Iris ra inea L. 19 1 2010 K or e
Vele it 19 3 2019 K a epte Kle 1999 2019 K
Ra na ora 19 8 1989 Nurser
Iris ill ri a To . lo in 19 2019
Kr 19 1981
Vir 19 1989 I. ill ri a s n. I. Bio o o 19 2019 SB Tomm. ex Vis. en ialti A r. is a s non o su sp. ill ri a a epte no Su an 19 9 19 3 K I. palli a su sp. (To .) e p. ill ri a (To . Vele it 19 198 K - in ali ex Vis.) K.Ri t. Vele it 19 2001 K
Vele it 1983 198 K
Vele it 199 2019 K ro a l ro Iris a e oni a Galičica, North I. . Na i , or 19 9 198 SB no t e ran e o I. Hor . ( ) a e onia I. . Hel r. rei en a ii Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 489
Notes in Origin of plant Year of Last Notes and ( ro t e ori inal Collection the original FCD Euro+Med Plant List material* obtaining recorded remarks in entor - ar ) inventory-card
Ra i a, Nort Iris palli a La . 19 3 2019 SB a e onia
pro . I. Du ro ni 1983 1989 pseu opalli a
Bio o o 19 2 1989 SB a epte Dinara 1982 19 3 SB
Bio o o 19 1988 SB
pro . I t St. Ili a 19 1 2019 SB pseu opalli a
Iris palli a La . su sp. I. palli a La . al ati a a p. Bo ara Isle 19 2 19 Nurser su sp. ill ri a (I. pseu opalli a (To . e I. palli a La . Trinajstić) Vis.) K. Ri t. ar. al ati a I. palli a ar. al ati a ar. al ati a a p. is a a p. is a s non o
Korčula Island 198 2019 a p. I. s noni o I. I. palli a su sp. ill ri a pseu opalli a pseu opalli a (To . e Vis.) K.Ri t. el e a 1992 2019 Eu e Trinajstić Trinajstić eninsula
Cetina Ri er 1999 2019 Nurser Valle purposes
Iris pseu a orus L. nn 19 2 2019 on s
a lano e 1989 2019 on s a epte nn 2001 2019 on s
isaro ina 2009 2019 Nurser
Iris pu ila L. nn 19 3 19 3 Nurser
nn 19 3 19 8 K
Deli lato San s, a epte 19 2019 SB Ser ia
Bans o r o 2013 2019 Nurser
Iris pu ila L. Orlo o r o, N. 19 3 1980 Nurser a e onia ( ro nati e et Hel r.) Ha . no et Hel r. (Boiss. & Hel r.) K.Ri t. lo alit )
Sara e o 19 1980 Nurser
Iris pu ila L. Galičica, North 19 9 19 3 SB no un no n forma et Hel r.) Ha . . a e onia o ri ana
Iris pu ila L. un no n su sp. eupu ila . nn 19 2 19 3 K no su spe ies an iola ea Ker. forma I. re inae Hor at & Iris re inae Galičica, North in orre t - I. 19 198 Nurser no no .D.Hor at is Hor . ( ) a e onia arie ata a s noni o I. arie ata L. in lu es Iris an Bal an rei en a ii Rtan , Ser ia 19 19 9 nurser lo al ta a , .e. Iris at oa, a epte I. al ana, I. Kopaoni , osnia a, I. 19 2019 SB Ser ia a e oni a, I. ser i a Iris Galičica, ru ro ar inata al. I. sua eolens Boiss. Nort 19 0 19 3 SB no Ba er . & Reut. un no n or a a e onia I. ru s i So ola , Hor at & Iris ru s in orre t - Bosnia & 19 198 Nurser no .D.Hor at Hor . ( ) I. arie ata Her e o ina I. arie ata L. 490 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Notes in Origin of plant Year of Last Notes and ( ro t e ori inal Collection the original FCD Euro+Med Plant List material* obtaining recorded remarks in entor - ar ) inventory-card
S ste ati Iris si iri a L. nn 19 2 2019
arri e as I. lata 19 8 19 3 SB ra inea a epte a . to FCD Iris arri e as I. si iri a in lu es nn 198 1988 Nurser ela a i t o su spe ies: I. si iri a L. su sp. a epte Risn a 19 1993 SB si iri a (VU) an I. si iri a L. su sp. erirr i a I. si iri a L. su sp. S ste ati etri e i 200 2019 ( osp.) ra er. si iri a purposes I. si iri a L. su sp. no no erirr i a ( osp.) B elolasi a 2012 2019 Nurser purposes ra er Iris Her o a t lus Her o a t lus (Her o a t lus) Zaton-Doli 2001 2019 SB tu erosus (L.) tu erosus (L.) I. tu erosa L. tu erosa L. ill. ill.
Iris arie ata L. nn 19 2 19 9 K Deli lato San s, 19 1989 SB Ser ia Dinara 19 19 9 Nurser
Vele it 19 8 19 9 K a epte apu 19 9 1989 K
Kle 19 0 19 0 Nurser
Lička l e i i a 19 19 K
Vele it 199 199 K
Plantbase, World Flora Online), or are considered being garden escapees from ancient times. For example, Iris bosniaca (Beck) Dörfl. is today included in the range of I. reichenbachii Heuff.;I. croatica Horvat et M. D. Horvat, I. pseudopallida Trinajstić and I. germanica L. are unrecognized by Euro+Med Plantbase, as are the natural hybrids I. × rotschildii Degen (I. illyrica Tomm. × I. variegata L.) and I. × sambucina L. (I. pallida Lam. × I. variegata L.). Also, according to Flora Croatica Database, I. sibirica L. in Croatia exists in the form of two subspecies: I. sibirica L. subsp. erirrhiza (Posp.) Wraber (endemic to Croatia and Slovenia) and I. sibirica L. subsp. sibirica. The latter is considered to be vulnerable (VU) according to the Croatian Red Book, even though it is not recognized by the aforementioned plant authorities – first and foremost, the Euro+Med Plantbase. However, World Flora Online, successor of the “garden-friendly” Plant List database, recognizes some of this historic nomenclature that could be seen in the Tables 1 and 2. Nevertheless, some plant names from our inventory cards are today “lost”: for example, Iris variegata L. comprises both I. reginae Horvat & M. D. Horvat and I. rudskyi Horvat & M. D. Horvat, described by the famous botany professor of our faculty, Dr Ivo Horvat (1897 - 1963) and his wife Marija. Both botanists also described the Croatian “national flower” I. croatica Horvat & M. D. Horvat, a taxon that has recently become not only unrecognized by “reputable” botanical databases (today it is included in I. × germanica), but also apparently illegitimate, due to the priority of plant naming (see I. × croatica Prodán in The Plant List and World Flora Online). Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 491
2. Wild or “natural” irises grown from seed obtained via Index Seminum publications Tab. 2 contains the list of irises grown predominantly from seeds obtained via Index Seminum publications. Although the taxa in Tab. 2 are not listed as cultivars, most of them originate from garden growth, so, consequently, some of them could have been hybrids or horticultural varieties – at least, results of the “open pollination” (as frequently stated in the Index Seminum publications), rather than wild species sensu stricto. Tab. 2 depicts 66 taxa of irises that we grew during the last 60 years, out of which we today hold 25 (some can be seen in the Photo-table 2). These were, and still are, grown mostly in several of the Garden nurseries, flowerbeds with horticultural plants or the “Alpinum”: the oldest rockery in the Garden, intended for horticultural varieties. For 14 samples the source is unknown (“nn” in Tab. 2). One Iris rubromarginata Baker subsp. mellita (Janka) K. Richt. (valid I. suaveolens Boiss. & Reut.), obtained from Vienna in 1953, was the first species of this genus inventoried in the new Garden database, followed by I. crocea Jacquem. ex R.C.Foster (from Nancy, 1955) and I. japonica Thunb. (from Nanking, 1959). It is interesting to see that some species were ordered repeatedly from different botanic gardens during the years, for example, I. kaempferi Siebold ex Lem., 17 times since 1961.
Tab. 2. Wild Iris species, not-native to Croatia, grown from seeds in the Botanical Garden from 1955 to 2019
Origin Nomenclature acc. to Euro+Med Scientific name from the original (botanical Year of Last Notes in the original Collection for the respective species; acc. to the inventory-card garden, city, obtaining recorded inventory-card Plant List for the rest of the world nursery) Iris acutiloba C.A.Meyer Waasland 1987 1992 Nursery valid
Iris aphylla L. Bruxelles 1960 1963 Nursery
Toronto 1960 1963 Nursery
Pruhonice 1964 1964 Nursery valid Uppsala 1971 1974 Nursery
Dresden 1975 1977 Nursery
Edmonton 1985 2019 Alpinum
Iris aphylla L. subsp. hungarica Budapest 1976 1976 Nursery from the Carpathians valid (W.et K.) A. et G.
val. I. reticulata var. bakeriana Iris bakeriana Foster Wuppertal 1976 1984 Nursery (Foster) B. Mathew & Wendelbo
Iris biglumis Vahl Halle 1996 1996 Nursery syn. I lactea valid
Iris bismarckiana Dammen et Athens 1984 1989 Nursery syn. I. nazarena Hort. valid Sprenger
Iris bucharica Foster Tashkent 1973 1980 Nursery arrived as Juno valid Athens 1981 2019 Alpinum bucharica Iris bulleyana Dykes Chelsea 1960 1969 Nursery
Jena 1983 1983 Nursery valid Sofia 1984 1985 Glasshouse Systematic Bochum 2002 2019 fields Iris caucasica Hoffm. Sofia 1984 1969 Nursery incorrect valid
val. I. pallida subsp. cengialti Iris cengialti Ambrosi ex A. Kern. nn 1993 2019 Nursery (for scientific purposes) (Ambrosi ex A. Kern.) Foster 492 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Origin Nomenclature acc. to Euro+Med Scientific name from the original (botanical Year of Last Notes in the original Collection for the respective species; acc. to the inventory-card garden, city, obtaining recorded inventory-card Plant List for the rest of the world nursery) Iris chamaeiris Bertol. Montpellier 1966 1975 Nursery
Vienna 1968 1979 Nursery
Lausanne 1968 1972 Nursery
Montpellier 1967 1975 Nursery arrived also as (val.) I. Frankfurt 1979 1983 Glasshouse lutescens Lam. subsp. valid lutescens Barcelona 1982 1989 Alpinum
Bern 1983 1989 Nursery
Torino 1983 1984 Glasshouse
Liege 1984 1989 Nursery
Iris chrysographes Dykes Wisely 1998 1998 Nursery valid
Iris chrysographes Dykes ‘f. noire’ Nancy 1998 2014 Nursery incorrect? unknown forma
Iris cretensis Janka nn 1963 1969 Nursery val. I. unguicularis subsp. cretensis
Freiburg 1989 1992 Nursery (Janka) A. P. Davis & Jury
Iris crocea Jacquem. ex R.C.Foster Geneve 1968 1988 Nursery Syn. I. aurea Lindley
Sopron 1985 1989 Nursery
Meyrin 1990 1991 Nursery incorrect valid Pavia 1995 1995 Nursery
Nancy 1955 2004 Nursery
Antwerpen 2018 2019 Nursery
Iris × cypriana Foster & Baker nn 2008 2019 Nursery (for scientific purposes) from I × germanica group
syn. I. bornmuelleri Iris danfordiae (Baker) Boiss. Wuppertal 1976 1980 Nursery valid Haussk. arrived as I. suwadrowi Iris darwasica Regel nn 1962 1963 Nursery valid Regel; incorrect
Iris delavayi Micheli nn 1963 1987 Nursery incorrect
Oxford 1989 1991 Flower bed valid
nn 1994 2019 Nursery
val. I. spuria L. subsp. demetrii Iris demetrii Achv. & Mirzoeva Neuchatel 1987 2004 Alpinum (Achv. & Mirzoeva) B. Mathew
arrived as Pardanthopsis Iris dichotoma Pall. Blagoveshchensk 2012 2019 Flower bed valid dichotoma (Pall.) Ledeb.
Iris domestica (L.) Goldblatt & Marseille 1980 1989 Alpinum Mabb. arrived also as Besancon 1983 1989 Nursery Belamcanda chinensis valid Systematic (L.) Leman., Pardanthus Valencia 1997 2019 fields chinensis/ P. sinensis Marburg 2017 2019 Flower bed
Iris douglasiana Herb. Berkeley 1997 1998 Nursery valid Seattle 2002 2004 Nursery
Iris ensata Thunb. nn 1962 1988 Nursery
Vacratot 1985 1989 Nursery
Edmonton 1985 1989 Nursery valid Cluj-Nappoca 1988 1993 Nursery
Wuppertal 1996 1996 Nursery
Cluj-Nappoca 1996 1997 Nursery Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 493
Origin Nomenclature acc. to Euro+Med Scientific name from the original (botanical Year of Last Notes in the original Collection for the respective species; acc. to the inventory-card garden, city, obtaining recorded inventory-card Plant List for the rest of the world nursery) Iris foetidissima L. Lada 1960 1984 Nursery
Tenerife 1981 1984 Nursery
Coimbra 1982 1992 Nursery
Pesaro 1980 1989 Nursery
Coimbra 1984 2019 Nursery valid Bordeaux 1987 1991 Nursery
Meyrin 1994 2004 Nursery
Sienna 1994 1996 Nursery
Valencia 1995 2019 Nursery
Paris 2000 2019 Alpinum
Iris germanica L. nn 1963 1989 Nursery unknown origin (incl. I. Systematic acc. to Plant list: I. × germanica L. nn 1962 2019 croatica, I. sambucina?) fields Iris halophila Pall. Dresden 1980 1985 Nursery val. acc. to Euro+Med; acc to Plant Rotterdam 1987 2019 Nursery list: I. spuria L. subsp. halophila (Pall.) D.A.Webb & Chater Tallin 1988 2019 Nursery
Iris hookeri Penny ex Don Nancy 1980 1986 Glasshouse syn. I. setosa Pall. subsp. Montreal 1978 1981 Nursery canadensis (M. Foster) valid Hult. Montreal 1983 1983 Glasshouse
Iris humilis Georgi subsp. subsp. arenaria (Waldst. & Kit.) Á.Löve nn 1970 1971 Nursery & D.Löve acc. to Euro+Med: I. humilis Georgi; acc. to Plant list: I. arenaria Waldst. Rotterdam 1978 1989 Alpinum & Kit.
Budapest 1983 1985 Nursery
Iris imbricata Lindley Yerevan 1960 1966 Nursery syn. I. sulphurea C. Koch valid
Iris japonica Thunb. Nanking 1959 1994 Nursery incorrect
Rezia 2002 2002 Nursery valid
Systematic Antwerpen 2018 2019 fields Iris juncea Poiret Waasland 1987 1993 Nursery incorrect valid
Iris kaempferi Siebold ex Lem. Geneve 1961 1988 Nursery
nn 1962 1963 Nursery syn. I. laevigata
Pallanza 1963 1969 Nursery
Bonn 1964 1972 Nursery
Lautaret 1966 1968 Nursery arrived as “Hybrida Suhumi 1967 1975 Nursery Hort.”; incorrect Wisley 1970 1977 Nursery
Zuerich 1981 1981 Nursery
Warsaw 1982 1989 Nursery acc. to Plant list: I. ensata Thunb.
Geneve 1982 1983 Nursery incorrect
Bonn 1982 1983 Nursery
Kiel 1982 1989 Alpinum
Krefeld 1983 1983 Glasshouse
Wisley 1984 1989 Nursery
Bordeaux 1985 1989 Nursery
Muenchen 1995 2019 Nursery
Meyrin 1996 2019 Nursery 494 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Origin Nomenclature acc. to Euro+Med Scientific name from the original (botanical Year of Last Notes in the original Collection for the respective species; acc. to the inventory-card garden, city, obtaining recorded inventory-card Plant List for the rest of the world nursery) Iris kashmiriana Baker Athens 1981 1992 Nursery valid
Iris koreana Nakai Antwerpen 2018 2019 Flower bed valid
Iris korolkowii Regel Quedlinburg 1987 1989 Nursery valid Waasland 1993 1994 Nursery incorrect
Iris kumaonesis Baker nn 1963 1969 Nursery unknown: maybe I. kumasnensis
Well. (Plant list) Antwerpen 1975 1975 Nursery
Iris lactea Pall. Halle 1982 1989 Nursery from Mongolia valid
Iris laevigata Fisch. nn 1963 1969 Nursery valid Vladivostok 1987 1989 Nursery
Iris lazica Albov Wuppertal 1981 1984 Nursery valid
arrived as I. xiphium var. Iris lusitanica Ker Gawl. Neuchatel 1981 1989 Nursery lusitanica (Ker Gawl.) Franco valid
Coimbra 1984 1989 Nursery
Iris lutescens Lam. nn 2008 2019 Nursery (for scientific purposes) valid
Iris rubromarginata Baker subsp. Vienna 1953 1969 Nursery arrived as I. mellita Janka mellita (Janka) K. Richt.
Wuppertal 1978 1983 Glasshouse val. I. suaveolens Boiss. & Reut. Linz 1981 1982 Nursery
Cluj-Nappoca 1987 1992 Nursery incorrect
Iris missouriensis Nutt. Antwerpen 2019 Alpinum valid 2008 Iris monnieri DC. Sofia 1968 1987 Nursery valid
acc. to Plant list: syn of I. lactea Pall. Iris moorcroftiana Wall. ex D.Don Dresden 1975 1975 Nursery (var. lactea)
Iris musulmanica Fomin Yerevan 1961 1984 Nursery
Yerevan 1973 1992 Nursery acc. to Plant list: syn of I. spuria L.
subsp. musulmanica (Fomin) Takht. Tallin 1988 2019 Flower bed
Neuchatel 1987 2004 Nursery
arrived also as I. Iris orientalis Mill. nn 1962 1969 Nursery ochroleuca L.
Izmir 1965 2019 Iridarium valid Wroclaw 1983 1992 Nursery incorrect
Wuppertal 1983 2019 Alpinum
Iris persica L. Wuppertal 1981 1984 Nursery valid
acc. to Plant list I. sanguinea Donn Iris polakii Stapf. Cluj-Napoca 1987 2000 Alpinum incorrect ex Hornem.
Iris prismatica Pursh nn 1963 1987 Nursery incorrect valid Meyrin 1991 1992 Nursery incorrect
Iris pseudacorus L.var. pallidiflora Bruxelles 1960 2004 Flower bed incorrect (not pale) valid Sims
Iris reticulata M. Bieb. Yerevan 1961 1963 Nursery
Sofia 1969 1970 Nursery valid
Wuppertal 1978 2019 Alpinum Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 495
Origin Nomenclature acc. to Euro+Med Scientific name from the original (botanical Year of Last Notes in the original Collection for the respective species; acc. to the inventory-card garden, city, obtaining recorded inventory-card Plant List for the rest of the world nursery) arrived as I. orientalis Iris sanguinea Donn ex Hornem. Moscow 1961 1974 Nursery Thunb. [Illegitimate]
Vienna 1963 1972 Nursery
Vladivostok 1971 1988 Nursery
Moscow 1972 1980 Nursery valid Oslo 1983 1992 Nursery
Barcelona 1983 1992 Nursery
Edmonton 1985 1985 Nursery
Sofia 1990 2019 Flower beds
Systematic Probably I. × sambucina L., a syn. of Iris sambucina L. Pallanza 1970 1979 fields I. × germanica L.
Iris setosa Pall. ex Link Nancy 1980 1986 Nursery
Basel 1985 1995 Nursery valid
Vacratot 1985 1988 Nursery
Iris setosa Pall. ex Link var. nana Quedlinburg 1988 1991 Flower beds unknown variety
Iris sikkimensis Dykes Oslo 1984 1995 Flower beds
Athens 1986 1989 Flower beds
Bormio 1988 1992 Flower beds incorrect
Oslo 1989 1996 Flower beds incorrect acc. to Plant list: unresolved, possibly a hybrid of I. hookeriana × I. Meyrin 1987 1993 Flower beds incorrect kumaonensis
Meyrin 1996 1996 Flower beds incorrect
Wisley 1999 2019 Iridarium
Bormio 2002 2019 Iridarium
3. “Simple” garden varieties and cultivars of known ancestry Various Iris-cultivars were obtained through the years in the form of living plants (planta viva, incl. rhizomes and bulbs), but also grown from seeds obtained via Index Seminum publications. These were, and still are, planted in the flowerbeds of our horticultural displays. As seen in Tab. 3, during the investigated time (since 1963) we had at least 15 named cultivars, out of which today we grow 8 (Photo-table 3). The earliest noted cultivars of this informal group are Iris pallida L. ‘Variegata’ and the cultivars of I. reticulata M. Bieb. (“Hyb.”), gained in 1963 as gifts from person(s) today unknown. It is worth mentioning that the seed from the plant varieties of garden origin is “expected” to sprout in “unexpected” – but sometimes interesting – forms, due to the open-air pollination and instability of morphologic/phenotypic traits (as for the irises, the colour(s) and size of the flowers, stripes of the leaves and general height of the plant). Sometimes we keep those plants, though “incorrect” (Tab. 3), and yet they are more similar to the wild species than to the named cultivar (for example, our I. sibirica L. ‘Phosphorflamme’, grown from the seeds, had no “phosphor flame” in it, so we replaced it with a living plant, courtesy of the colleagues from Riga University Botanical Garden). 496 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Tab. 3. Cultivated varieties of different Iris species, grown in the Botanical Garden from 1960 to 2019.
Origin and year of Last Iris - other cultivars: obtaining* recorded Collection Notes and remarks Iris danfordiae (Baker) Graz - nursery Boiss. (purchased) 1986 2000 Flower bed Zagreb - nursery (pur- chased) 2000 2017 Flower bed arrived as “I. sub- Iris decora Wall. (cult.) Halle 1997 (seed) 1998 Nursery genus Nepalensis” Iris ensata Thunb. Gift (“Kalići” Nursery, (unregistered ‘Kalići’s Ghost’ Vodnjan) 2018 2019 Flower bed cultivar)
Zagreb - nursery (pur- I. × hollandica Iris × hollandica 2019 Flower bed group: I. tingitana chased) 2017 × I. xiphium Iris × norrisii (L.W.Lenz) × Pardancanda nor- C.Whitehouse Utrecht 1993 (seed) 2001 Flower bed risii L.W.Lenz Iris pallida Lam. ‘Variegata’ Gift (nn) 1963 1969 Nursery Gift (Beograd) 2017 2019 Iridarium Iris pseudopallida L. ‘Variegata’ Gift (dr. Regula) 2019 2019 Nursery Iris reticulata M. Bieb. Gift (nn) 1963 2000 Flower bed
Sopron (purchased) 1985 1985 Flower bed “horticult. var.?”, Zagreb - nursery “cv.”, “Hyb.” (purchased) 2004 2005 Alpinum Various forms and colours Zagreb - nursery (purchased), 2000 2005 Flower beds Iris sanguinea Donn ex Hornem. ‘Snow Queen’ Porrentruy 1989 (seed) 2019 Iridarium Sofia 1990 (seed) 1993 Nursery Iris sibirica L. ‘Phosphor- flamme’ Riga 1990 (seed) 2019 Flower beds incorrect Riga 2019 2019 Flower beds correct Iris sibirica L. ‘White Zagreb - nursery (pur- Swirl’ chased), 2000 2006 Flower beds Iris versicolor L ‘Mint Fresh’ Przemysl 2006 (seed) 2019 Flower beds Iris versicolor L. ‘Be- tween the Lines’ Przemysl 2007 (seed) 2019 Flower beds Iris versicolor L. ‘Ker- mesina’ Poznan 1995 (seed) 2004 Flower beds incorrect Iris versicolor L. ‘Party Line’ Przemysl 2006 (seed) 2019 Flower beds
*if not stated differently, the plants are obtained in the form of bare roots/rhizomes/bulbs. Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 497
4. Barbata Elatior (“tall bearded”) group of cultivars with complex ancestry Since the late 1990s, the largest part of our Iris collection has been composed of hybrids, mostly from the Barbata Elatior or the “tall bearded” (I. × germanica- and I. variegata- hybrids) group. These are regularly obtained in the form of “bare rhizomes”, while their exquisite flower characteristics (brightly coloured and enlarged tepals: upper, called “the standards”, and lower called “the falls”) could not be achieved from seeds. The oldest still living tall bearded irises that we grow today arrived in 1964 from the famous Czech collection near Prague (Průhonice Park and Chateau with the Institute of Botany), as gifts from the former curator Dr. Milan Blažek to our late Garden Manager Dr. Sala Ungar (1908-1988). These are the tall bearded hybrids Iris ‘Gaylord’, ‘Girl Friday’, ‘Cloud Cap’, ‘Jane Phillips’, ‘Goldfackel’, ‘Olympic Star’, ‘Pink Plume’ and ‘Sable Night’. However, most of our recent bearded hybrids were sent during the 1990s by the former Canadian Royal Botanical Gardens (Hamilton, Ontario) curator of Croatian origin, Mr. Charles D. Holetich, to our (now retired) Garden Manager Dr. Ljerka Regula, a vigorous Iris collector herself. Our bearded irises are recently displayed to the public mostly in our little GardenIridarium, where we have arranged them according to their flower patterns (Pfeiffer, 2015; http:// wiki.irises.org/Main/TallBearded). Some additional data on the bearded irises flower patterns are added as the supplement to Photo-table 4, which depicts the “colours” in our collection.
Tab. 4. Iris (Barbata, Bearded) hybrids, grown from the rhizomes in the Botanical Garden from 1964 to 2019
Iris Origin and year Last Garden Notes and remarks cultivar/hybrid of obtaining recorded Collection Barbata Elatior (Tall Bearded) group Acrobat Hamilton 1998 2019 Nursery Afternoon Delight Hamilton 2003 2011 Autumn Leaves Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Back in Black Hamilton 2003 2004 Banjo Man Hamilton 2002 2019 Iridarium Stolen in 2004, 1 plant left Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery Before the Storm Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Black Prince Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery Black Taffeta Hamilton 1997 1998 Blue Ensign Průhonice 1964 2019 Iridarium not entirely to description Blue Sapphire Hamilton 1995 2019 Iridarium “mixed with ‘Eleanor’s Pride’” Průhonice 1965 2004 Blue Shimmer Průhonice 1964 1964 Blue Staccato Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Bold Encounter Liepāja 2019 2019 Nursery 498 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Iris Origin and year Last Garden Notes and remarks cultivar/hybrid of obtaining recorded Collection Barbata Elatior (Tall Bearded) group Not registered. Hybridizer: Bolero Riga 2019 2019 Nursery Laimonis Zaķis Brindled Beauty Cayeux 2019 2019 Nursery Bronze Bell Hamilton 1995 2004 Brussels Liepāja 2019 2019 Nursery Not registered. Hybridizer: Buduārs Riga 2019 2019 Nursery Laimonis Zaķis Butterscotch Kiss Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium By Night Hamilton 2003 2003 Camelot Rose Hamilton 1995 2019 Iridarium Not registered. Hybridizer: Canadian Northland Hamilton 1995 2019 Flower bed unknown Cantina Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery Caroline (?) Hamilton 1997 2019 Iridarium Probably ‘Caroline Jane’ Cascadian Průhonice 1964 1964 Cayenne Capers Hamilton 2001 2004 Stolen Changing Seasons Cayeux 2019 2019 Nursery Chippendale Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Cloud Cap Průhonice 1964 2019 Iridarium “mixed with ‘Pink Plume’ “ (?) Collage Hamilton 2002 2002 Stolen Colour Splash Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium not entirely to description Congratulations Hamilton 2002 2019 Iridarium Stolen in 2004, 1 plant left Conjuration Hamilton 2001 2002 Crinoline Hamilton 2003 2019 Iridarium Dangerous Mood Cayeux 2019 2019 Nursery Dark Freeze Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery Decolletage Hamilton 2003 2019 Iridarium Stolen in 2004, 1 plant left Deft Touch Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Depute Nomblot Hamilton 1995 2000 Double Ringer Liepāja 2019 2019 Nursery Not registered. Hybridizer: Dūmu Roze Riga 2019 2019 Nursery Laimonis Zaķis Dusky Challenger Hamilton 1995 2019 Flower bed Eagle’s Flight Hamilton 2003 2019 Iridarium Stolen in 2004, 2 plants left Ecstatic Night Hamilton 2001 2001 Eden Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium (did not flower for years) El Grandee Hamilton 1998 1999 Eleanor’s Pride Hamilton 1995 2019 Iridarium mixed with ‘Jane Phillips’ Průhonice 1969 2004 Elegant Girl Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Elizabeth Noble Průhonice 1964 1975 Elzee Hamilton 1998 2004 Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 499
Iris Origin and year of Last Garden Notes and remarks cultivar/hybrid obtaining recorded Collection Barbata Elatior (Tall Bearded) group Not registered. Hybridizer: Ethernity Liepāja 2019 2019 Nursery Laimonis Zaķis Fabuleux Cayeux 2019 2019 Nursery Far Corners Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Festive Spirit Hamilton 1997 2019 Iridarium Fireball Hamilton 1995 2019 Iridarium Firewater Hamilton 2001 2001 Flaming Heart Hamilton 2001 2001 Fort Apache Hamilton 1998 2001 Foxfire Hamilton 1995 1996 Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Fringe of Gold Hamilton 1999 2019 Flower bed Fuji’s Mantle Hamilton 2002 2019 Iridarium Galilee Hamilton 1995 2019 Flower bed Gay Head Průhonice 1964 1996 Gaylord Průhonice 1964 2019 Iridarium Gentle Rain Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Geometrics Hamilton 1998 2004 Girl Friday Průhonice 1964 2019 Iridarium not entirely to description Gnu Again Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery Going My Way Hamilton 2001 2019 Iridarium Goldfackel Průhonice 1964 2019 Iridarium Gracie Pfost Hamilton 2001 2001 Happy Birthday Hamilton 2001 2019 Iridarium Helen McGregor Průhonice 1964 1964 Henna Accent Hamilton 1997 2019 Nursery incorrect High Command Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery Průhonice 1969 2004 Stolen Horny Lorri Hamilton 2003 2019 Iridarium incorrect (without ‘horns’) Ice Cream Castle Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium Inca Chief Hamilton 1995 2004 Incantation Gift (dr. Regula) 2019 Iridarium Jane Phillips Průhonice 1964 2019 Iridarium Jewel Tone Hamilton 1995 2019 Iridarium Kona Coast Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Laced Cotton Hamilton 2003 2003 Ladyfriend Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery 500 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Iris Origin and year of Last Garden Notes and remarks cultivar/hybrid obtaining recorded Collection Barbata Elatior (Tall Bearded) group Laurie Hamilton 2002 2019 Iridarium Lights On Průhonice 1964 2019 Nursery Liseré Pourpre Liepāja 2019 2019 Nursery Loop the Loop Hamilton 1997 2001 Not registered. Hybridizer: Lord Dandy Liepāja 2019 2019 Iridarium Laimonis Zaķis Lorilee Hamilton 2003 2019 Iridarium not entirely to description Louis D’Or Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Louise Watts Hamilton 1999 1999 Lynn Hall Hamilton 1997 2019 Iridarium Madeira Belle Hamilton 1999 2004 Magic Man Hamilton 1998 2010 Majska Andromeda Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Majska Galaksija Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Majska Katleja Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Majska Solistka Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Majski Brokat Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Malaysia Hamilton 1998 2004 Maori King Hamilton 1995 2004 Stolen Margarita Hamilton 1997 2000 Memphis Delight Hamilton 1998 1999 Michele Taylor Hamilton 2003 2004 Stolen Minisa Hamilton 1997 2004 Mirror Image Hamilton 1997 1999 Stolen Mod Mode Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Modra Obzorja Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Olympic Star Průhonice 1964 2019 Iridarium Orange Star Hamilton 1995 1996 Orchid Brocade Hamilton 2003 2004 Stolen Orelio Průhonice 1964 1964 Pagan Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium Pagan Princess Průhonice 1964 2019 Iridarium incorrect Persian Berry Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium Pink Plume Průhonice 1964 2019 Iridarium Pretty Carol Hamilton 1999 1999 Prototype Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery Queen in Calico Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium Quetta Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 501
Iris Origin and year of Last Garden Notes and remarks cultivar/hybrid obtaining recorded Collection Barbata Elatior (Tall Bearded) group Rameses (?) Bratislava 1983 2019 Iridarium arrived as ‘Schneegoettin’ Rapture in Blue Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium Romantic Melody Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery East Grimstead Roy Elliot 2000 2000 Unregistered Royal Regency Hamilton 1999 2019 Flower bed Royal Sovereign Průhonice 1969 2019 Iridarium Rustic Cedar Hamilton 1998 2004 Sable Night Průhonice 1964 2019 Iridarium Sable Robe Hamilton 1997 1997 Showcase Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Silent Majesty Hamilton 1999 2019 Flower bed Skylab Hamilton 1998 2004 Soaring Kite Gift (dr. Regula) 2019 Iridarium Sorceress Hamilton 2001 2001 Stolen Space Odyssey Hamilton 1997 2019 Iridarium Spartan Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Spectacular Bid Gift (dr. Regula) 2019 Iridarium Swazi Princess Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium Sweet Musette Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium Tarn Hows Hamilton 1995 2019 Iridarium Průhonice 1969 1996 Tea Apron Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium Tennessee Frost Hamilton 2002 2019 Iridarium Theodolinda Hamilton 2001 2019 Iridarium Thriller Hamilton 1998 2004 Thru Way Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Tournament Queen Průhonice 1969 2019 Iridarium Tranquility Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium Victoria Falls Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery Wabash Cayeux 2019 2019 Nursery Hamilton 2001 2004 Stolen Waltzing Princess Hamilton 1998 2019 Iridarium White Knight Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery Wild Ginger Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium Wine and Roses Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium Winner’s Circle Hamilton 2001 2019 Iridarium Wintry Sky Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery 502 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Iris Origin and year of Last Garden Notes and remarks cultivar/hybrid obtaining recorded Collection Barbata Elatior (Tall Bearded) group Zlata Paleta Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Zlati Ornat Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery “yellow, beard extension in the Z-02/YHORN Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery form of horns - Spaceager”. Hybridizer: Izidor Golob “purple, Spaceager-clone”. Z-03/SAVK Gift (Mr. Golob) 2019 Nursery Hybridizer: Izidor Golob /unknown 1 Gift (dr. Regula) 2019 Iridarium “two-shades of blue” /unknown 2 Gift (dr. Regula) 2019 Iridarium “purple dots and dashes” Barbata Intermedia (Border Bearded) group Giobe Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery Not registered. Hybridizer: Koķete Riga 2019 2019 Nursery Aleksejs Muhlinkins Making Eyes Gift (dr. Regula) 2019 Nursery Whoop’em Up Hamilton 1999 2019 Iridarium Not registered. Hybridizer: Zelta Dieviņš Riga 2019 2019 Nursery Laimonis Zaķis Barbata Minima (Miniature Tall Bearded) group Consummation Kalići 2019 2019 Nursery Nana (Miniature Dwarf) group Piccolo Gift (prof. Borzan) 2018 Stolen
As the results show, since the 1960s, 168 bearded irises have passed through the Garden’s Iridarium (Tabs. 4 and 5). Today, we grow 122 cultivars (by far the most from the tall bearded group), among which there are quite many that were recently purchased or received as gifts, to represent the groups of flower patterns that we have been missing in the past (for example, Reverse Amoena, Reverse Bitone, Broken, etc.). The bearded group of irises is – during their time of flowering (late April to early June) – particularly eye-catching to the Garden visitors. This is the reason for this collection having been unfortunately impoverished more than once, mostly due to theft, as can be seen in Tab. 4.
Tab. 5. Total numbers of Iris taxa grown in Botanical Garden since 1959 and today
Iris collection Total number (1959-2019) September 2019 Indigenous Iris species native to Croatia and neighbouring countries, brought from the field 24 14 excursions as living plants (1959-2019) Wild Iris species, not-native to Croatia, grown 66 25 from seeds (1955-2019) Cultivated varieties of various Iris species 15 8 (1960-2019) Iris (Barbata,Bearded) hybrids, grown from 168 121 rhizomes (1964-2019) Total 273 168 Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 503
SOME FINAL REMARKS, FROM THE BOTANIC GARDEN POINT OF VIEW Wild irises Although not in the focus of this paper, several nomenclatural changes within the genus Iris are worth mentioning due to their possible wider consequences. As a result of DNA sequencing evidence (Goldblatt & Mabberley, 2005), a long-known horticultural species Belamcanda chinensis (L.) Leman. was renamed Iris domestica (L.) Goldblatt & Mabb. Morphologically, and traditionally, this was an unusual decision for the Garden visitors (compared maybe best with the infamous “rearrangement” of the well-known American ornamental asters – Aster novae-angliae and A. novii-belgii – to the unfamiliar and “difficult-to-pronounce” genus Symphyotrichum). It is similar for the former monotypic genus Pardanthopsis (Hance) L.W.Lenz, today again included in the Iris range: Pardanthopsis dichotoma (Pall.) L.W.Lenz (Lenz, 1972) has become Iris dichotoma Pall. (Barker & Govaerts, 2016) again. How the nomenclatural complications could be sometimes simplified is illustrated by the case of the the child of the two aforementioned genera: genus × Pardancanda, a popular example of a genus-hybrid in horticulture. × Pardancanda norrisii L.W.Lenz looks a lot like both of its “parents”, Pardanthopsis dichotoma and Belamcanda chinensis – hence the name Pardancanda. But, if the ancestors are actually members of the same genus, then a cross between Iris dichotoma and I. domestica is a much “less spectacular” Iris × norrisii (L.W.Lenz) C.Whitehouse. The matter of nomenclature could become even a legal issue, when a genus like Hermodactylus sensu Miller “returns” to the genus Iris Tourn. ex L. (Barker & Govaerts, 2016). As already emphasized, all members of the Iris genus in Croatia are statutorily strictly protected in all wild localities – but not Hermodactylus tuberosus (L.) Mill., which is a member of its own genus. Changing the nomenclature, the question arises: does H. tuberosus – now Iris tuberosa L. – automatically become statutorily strictly protected, or should it be excluded, as a single non-protected indigenous iris in Croatia? Does it become “all of a sudden” endangered in any way, just by changing its name (several years ago we published in Natura Croatica a paper considering this matter, see Kovačić et al., 2014)? As with some other “historical” taxa, long-known from Croatian and Balkan flora (for example, Iris croatica, I. illyrica, I. pseudopallida, I. × reichenbachii, I. florentina), today unrecognized by the “western authorities”, we shall nevertheless persevere with “Hermodactylus tuberosus”, until further notice – or some new re-arrangement of the Iridaceae… After all: “What’s in a name? That which we call a rose / By any other name would smell as sweet…”
Cultivated irises It is also worth addressing the matter familiar to all botanical garden employees around the globe, which has actually been a problem since the establishment of the first botanical gardens of the modern world in the mid-1550s: thefts, and how to deal with them. 504 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
If there is a common target of “plant lovers who cannot resist”, it is a huge group of so called “American” (registered by American Iris Society, AIS) bearded hybrids. These healthy, long-living, and – unfortunately? – very attractive (Photo- table 4) plants are exposed to constant threats. Various precautions were taken in our garden and in others during the years (fences, cameras, night-guards…), but except not planting the plants in the open, none of them really worked. As many as 48 of the tall bearded “names” were lost over the years: not all by thefts, but most of those stated as such in Tab. 4 vanished during our last larger rearrangement of the collections in 2004. Our Iridarium is recently under reconstruction again, while we are planning to put a new fence (“cage”, could be a better choice of word) around the iris flowerbeds. That, together with “not keeping all eggs in a single basket” is almost all that we can do to preserve these beautiful (and expensive) plants. A positive thought, for the end: as I said earlier, I have sorted the bearded hybrids into the groups using the original descriptions from their registration data, as much as I could. However, even in our modest collection, some cultivars “got mixed”, ending looking quite similar (for example, observe the members of “Variegata”-group in the Photo-table 4). However, if you “have the name” and a plant you are not sure about, it is not so hard these days to identify the existing Tall Bearded iris hybrids using the meticulous descriptions and high- quality photos in the Iris-Encyclopaedias and databases. Unfortunately, if you have just a plant, but the name is missing, it is very hard to find an “appropriate” one among almost 50 000 registered hybrids! However, the huge social network of iris-lovers is very helpful in finding it: our latest example is the misinterpreted cultivar ‘Schneegöttin’ (should be pure-white, but the flowers of our plants are multi-coloured), for years without a proper name, concerning which I asked for help from one of such groups. In less than two hours, American “iris-aficionados” detected the hybrid: it is very possibly a ‘Ramezes’ (Photo-table 4)!
CONCLUSION Since the establishment of our Garden, we have grown at least 273 Iris taxa: from the indigenous species and natural varieties collected in their native localities or grown from the seeds, to the cultivars and hybrids obtained by artificial crossings, gained in the forms of rhizomes or bulbs. Our current collection holds 39 wild taxa (14 Croatian native and 25 introduced), and 129 cultivars (eight garden varieties of cultivated taxa and 121 “bearded” hybrids) – a total of 168. The oldest iris grown in the Garden today is I. × germanica (since 1962), followed by several Barbata Elatior-cultivars that arrived from Průhonice in 1964.
ACKNOWLEDGES I wish to thank our retired Garden manager, Dr. Ljerka Regula, for sharing her documentation, personal data and correspondence on the Iris collections during the last 50 years, as well for the tall bearded cultivars which she donated to the Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 505
Garden from her personal collection. The kindness of Dr Milan Blažek (Průhonice, Czech Republic) and Mr Charles D. Holetich (Hamilton, Canada) in sending and bringing tall bearded Iris cultivars in the 1960s and 1990s, respectively, is highly appreciated (Mr. Blažek is still dynamically interested in the plants he donated to the Garden in 1964!). I also want to thank Professor Božena Mitić (Dpt. Of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb) for sharing Croatian wild Iris samples from her scientific research; Ms. Alison Benski (Schreiner Iris Gardens, Salem, Oregon, USA) for clarifying many questions on the registration of bearded irises; Inese Nāburga, MSc (Botanical Garden of the University of Latvia, Riga) for kindly replacing our missing cultivar and donating original Latvian tall bearded hybrids; Davor Cetina, MSc (“Kalići” Nursery, Croatia) for happily exchanging and donating plant material, as well as sharing many useful cultivation tips; and renown Iris-hybridizer Mr. Izidor Golob (Kaniža, Slovenia) for donating valuable tall bearded samples of his own invention. Finally, my colleague Dr. Dubravka Sandev, together with our gardeners, helped me very much in sorting and replanting many Iris hybrids and cultivars scattered around the Garden, for which I am most grateful. Received July 31, 2019 REFERENCES American Iris Society. Available from: https://irises.org/ [accessed September 2019]. Barker, C. & Govaerts, R., 2016: World Checklist of Iridaceae (Iris genus). Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/ [accessed July 2019]. CITES (Checklist of CITES Species), 2018. Available from: http://checklist.cites.org/#/en [accessed July 2019]. EASIN (European Alien Species Information Network), 2012. Available from: http://alien.jrc.ec.europa. eu/SpeciesMapper [accessed July 2019]. Euro+Med (2006-): Euro+Med PlantBase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/ [accessed July 2019]. Flora Croatica Database – Iris L. Available from: https://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd/ShowResults. aspx?hash=-989949237 [accessed June 2019]. Flora Croatica Database - Red List. Iris. Available from: https://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd/CrvenaKnjiga/ [accessed June 2019]. Goldblatt, P. & D. J. Mabberley, 2005: Belamcanda included in Iris, and the new combination I. domestica (Iridaceae: Irideae). Novon 15: 128-132. Heinz, A., 1895-1896: Kr. Botanički vrt u Zagrebu. Glasnik Hrvatskoga naravoslovnoga društva, 8(1- 6), 1-54. (Available from: http://kgzdzb.arhivpro.hr/?kdoc=11012907) Historic Iris Preservation Society. Available from: https://www.historiciris.org/[accessed September 2019]. IPNI (The International Plant Names Index), 2018: Available from: https://www.ipni.org/ Iris Encyclopedia of the American Iris Society. Available from: http://wiki.irises.org/Main/TallBearded [accessed July 2019]. IUCN, 2019: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019-2. https://www.iucnredlist.org Lenz, L.W., 1972: Pardanthopsis dichotoma (Pallas) L. W. Lenz. El Aliso 7(4), 403. Kamenetsky, R. & Okubo, H. (eds.), 2012: Iridaceae. Ornamental Geophytes: From Basic Science to Sustainable Production. CRC Press. Kovačić, S., 2015: Plethora of plants - Collections of the Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (1): Temperate glasshouse exotics – historic overview. Natura Croatica 24(2), 361-428 (397*). Kovačić, S., Sandev, D., Mihelj, D., Stamenković, V., 2014: Win some, lose some - statutorily strictly protected indigenous plant species in the Botanical Garden of the Faculty of Science (University of Zagreb, Croatia). Natura Croatica 23(2), 415-432. Mitić, B. & Cigić, P., 2007: Endemic taxa of the Genus Iris L. (Iridaceae) in Croatia. Hrvatska misao 42, 50-81. 506 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Mitić, B., Nikolić, T. & Ortynski, N., 2004: Iris croatica Horvat et Horvat M. In: Nikolić, T., Topić, J. (ed.): Red book of vascular flora of Croatia: categories EX, RE, CR, EN and VU. Ministarstvo kulture & Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode Republike Hrvatske, Zagreb. National Gardening Organization. Available from: https://garden.org/plants/view/181474/Irises-Iris/ [accessed September 2019]. Pacific Bulb Society. Available from: https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Iris [accessed July 2019]. Pfeiffer, K., 2015: Iris Flower Patterns. National Gardening Organization, Available from: https:// garden.org/ideas/view/KentPfeiffer/2299/Iris-Flower-Patterns/ ) Pravilnik o strogo zaštićenim vrstama (NN 144/13, 73/16). (Ordinance of strictly protected species). In Croatian. Official Gazette (OG) 73/2016. Available from: http://www.propisi.hr/print.php?id=12728 [accessed June 2019]. The Plant List, 2013: Published online http://www.theplantlist.org/ [accessed June 2019]. Sandev, D., Mihelj, D. & Kovačić, S., 2018: Plethora of plants - Collections of the Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (2): Glasshouse succulents. Natura Croatica 27(2), 407- 430. Stamenković, V. & Kovačić, S. (eds.), 2014: Fifty Sights at the Botanical Garden – for Passers-by, Strollers and Real Enthusiasts. A Guide to the Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb. Authors: Juretić, B., Kovačić, S., Mihelj, D., Sandev, D. & Stamenković, V. Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia. Shear, W., 2002: The Gardener’s Iris Book. The Taunton Press, CT, USA. Topić, J., Nikolić, T., Mitić, B., 2004: Iris sibirica L. subsp. sibirica. In: Nikolić, T., Topić, J. (ed.): Red book of vascular flora of Croatia: categories EX, RE, CR, EN and VU. Ministarstvo kulture & Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode Republike Hrvatske, Zagreb. World Flora Online, Published on the Internet http://www.worldfloraonline.org/, 30 Jul 2019 (based on The Plant List, 2013: http://www.theplantlist.org/ ) [accessed June 2019].
SAŽETAK Obilje bilja - zbirke Botaničkoga vrta Prirodoslovno-matematičkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu (3): Zbirka perunika (Iris, Iridaceae) S. Kovačić Nakon analiza zbirki domaće flore toplog staklenika (Kovačić, 2015) te kaktusa i drugih mesnatica (Sandev et al., 2018) na redu je analiza zbirke perunika (rod Iris, porodica Iridaceae) koje su, prema dostupnim podacima, rasle u Botaničkom vrtu PMF-a od osnutka 1889. do danas. Podatci pokazuju da su kroz vrtne zbirke prošle barem 273 svojte perunika: 24 hrvatske vrste i vrste susjednih zemalja (Bosna i Hercegovina, Srbija, Sjeverna Makedonija) donošene s terenskih istraživanja (planta viva) i sađene na kamenjare – biljnogeografske vegetacijske skupine (krška, mediteranska i submediteranska) s domaćom florom; 66 ostalih divljih vrsta perunika, uzgajanih iz sjemenki naručivanih putem Index (Delectus) Seminum-mreže razmjene između botaničkih vrtova; 15 ukrasnih kultivara, varijeteta i križanaca poznatih vrsta, dijelom uzgajanih iz sjemenki, a dijelom iz podanaka (rizoma) ili lukovica; te 168 križanaca složenog podrijetla iz skupine tzv. „bradatih“ (Barbata, Bearded) perunika, uzgajanih isključivo iz podanaka. S krajem rujna 2019. u Botaničkom vrtu živjelo je 168 svojti perunika u nekoliko zbirki (kamenjare s domaćom florom, sistematsko polje, klijališta, ukrasne površine, Iridarij). Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 507
Photo-table 1 Six indigenous Croatian Iris-species, grown in the phytogeographical rockeries with indigenous flora since the 1960s, brought from their native localities. Iris variegata (bottom right) is not currently in our collection. Details in Table 1. Authors: Mirna Kirin (MK) and Sanja Kovačić (SK).
Iris illyrica (MK)
Iris croatica (SK) Iris pallida (SK)
Iris graminea (MK)
Iris sibirica (SK) Iris variegata (MK) 508 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Photo-table 2 Nine wild Iris-species, grown from seed in the nurseries, systematic fields and flowerbeds.Iris biglumis (middle right) is not currently in our collection. Details in Table 2. Authors: Mirna Kirin (MK) and Sanja Kovačić (SK).
Iris bulleyana (SK) Iris crocea (SK) Iris sikkimensis (MK)
Iris halophila (MK) Iris sanguinea (SK) Iris biglumis (MK)
Iris (halophila ssp.) sogdiana (MK) Iris orientalis (I. ochroleuca, MK) Iris kaempferi (MK) Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 509
Photo-table 3 Five Iris varieties, cultivars and hybrids of different taxonomic ranks, grown from the seed or obtained as living plants, planted in the nurseries, systematic fields and flowerbeds. Iris sibirica ‘White Swirl’ (upper right) and cultivars of I. reticulata (bottom left) are not currently in our collections. Iris × germanica (bottom right), once considered to be indigenous in Croatia, is the oldest iris still living in our collection (since 1962). Details in Table 3. Authors: Mirna Kirin (MK) and Sanja Kovačić (SK).
Iris sibirica ‘White Swirl’ (MK)
Iris sanguinea ‘Snow Queen’ (SK) Iris x hollandica cult. (MK)
Iris reticulata cult. (MK) Iris x germanica cult. (MK) 510 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Photo-table 4 (abcd) Thirty-five from a total of 168 Iris Barbata (bearded) hybrids grown in our collection, arranged to represent eight large groups of these cultivars, assembled by their flower patterns. A careful observer will detect sometimes very subtle differences among individual groups and hybrids. Details in Table 4. Authors: Mirna Kirin (MK) and Sanja Kovačić (SK).
Amoena-group: Debbie Rairdon-group: Emma Cook-group: Iris BE ‘Gaylord’ (MK) Iris BE ‘Fringe of Gold’ (MK) Iris BE ‘Fuji’s Mantle’ (SK)
Variegata-group: Variegata-group: Variegata-group: Iris BE ‘Maori King’ (MK) Iris BE ‘High Command’ (MK) Iris BB ‘Whoop’em Up’ (SK)
Bicolor-group: Bicolor-group: Bicolor-group: Iris BE ‘Edith Wolford’ (MK) Iris BE ‘Olympic Star’ (MK) Iris BE ‘Wine and Roses’ (MK) Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 511
Bicolor-group: Bitone-group: Bitone-group: Iris BE ‘Color Splash’ (SK) Iris BE ‘Camelot Rose’ (SK) Iris BE ‘Député Nomblot’ (MK)
Bitone-group: Bitone-group: Bitone-group: Iris BE ‘Goldfackel’ (SK) Iris BE ‘Sweet Musette’ (MK) Iris BE ‘Sable Night’ (MK)
Self-group: Self-group: Self-group: Iris BE ‘Foxfire’ (MK) Iris BE ‘Pink Plume’ (MK) Iris BE ‘Before the Storm’ (SK)
Self-group: Self-group: Self-group: Iris BE ‘Eleanor’s Iris BE ‘Jane Phillips’ (SK) Iris BE ‘Eleanor’s Pride’ (SK) Pride’ – a ‘tricolor’ clump (MK) 512 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Self-group: Blend-group: Blend-group: Iris BE ‘Spartan’ (SK) Iris BE ‘Chippendale’ (SK) Iris BE ‘Laurie’ (SK)
Blend-group: Blend-group: Blend-group: Iris BE ‘Pagan’ (MK) Iris BE ‘Banjo Man’ (MK) Iris BE aff. ‘Rameses’ (SK)
Blend-group: Plicata-group: Plicata-group: Iris BE ‘Butterscotch Kiss’ (MK) Iris BE ‘Kona Coast’ (MK) Iris BE ‘Wild Ginger’ (MK)
Photographs:
All photographs in Photo-tables 1, 2, 3 and 4abcd are originals, taken between 1999 and 2019 in the collections of the Botanical Garden of the Faculty of Science (University of Zagreb) by Mirna Kirin (MK), member of the “Friends of Botanical Garden” group, and Dr Sanja Kovačić (SK), senior Garden curator. Nat. Croat. Vol 28(2), 2019 513
Plicata-group: Plicata-group: Plicata-group: Iris BE ‘Waltzing Princess’ (SK) Iris BE ‘Eagle’s Flight’ (MK) Iris BE ‘Blue Staccato’ (SK)
Plicata-group: Plicata-group: Plicata-group: Iris BE ‘Crinoline’ (SK) Iris BE ‘Queen in Calico’ (SK) Iris BE ‘Winner’s Circle’ (MK)
Short description of the tall bearded Iris-groups depicted in Photo-table 4abcd, assembled according to their flower patterns (Pfeiffer 2015): “Self” – flower tepals (standards and falls) are in the same colour; Bitone“ ” – tepals are in different shades (tones) of the same colour, while the falls are darker; “Bicolor” – standards are in different colour from the falls; “Amoena” – specific type of bicolor, where the standards are white and the falls are coloured; “Variegata” – a specific type of bicolor, where the standards are yellow(ish) and the falls are brown(ish) to purple(ish); “Emma Cook” – derived from amoena/bicolor breeding, but with just a band of pigmentation around the border of the falls; “Debbie Rairdon” – coloured standards and white falls with a band of standard colour around the edges; “Blend” – combination of two or more colours which are smoothly or unevenly mixed; “Plicata” – light ground colour with anthocyanin pigment stippled, dotted, or stitched around the margins of tepals. Kratak opis skupina križanaca bradatih perunika (Barbata, “Bearded”) prikazanih u foto-tabli 4abcd, prema uzorcima boja cvjetova (Pfeiffer, 2015): “Self” – ocvijeće (“standards” = gornji listovi ocvijeća, neformalno također zvani i “latice”, te “falls“ = donji listovi ocvijeća, “lapovi”) je jednobojno; “Bitone” – ocvijeće je različitih tonova (nijansi) iste boje, s time da su donji listovi tamniji; “Bicolor” – gornji i donji listovi ocvijeća različitih su boja; “Amoena” – skupina dvobojnih kultivara kojima su gornji listovi ocvijeća bijeli, a donji žuti do smeđi; “Variegata” – skupina dvobojnih kultivara kojima su gornji listovi žuti, a donji smeđi do purpurni; “Emma Cook” – skupina križanaca između „amoena“ i „bicolor“ skupina, koje oko donjih listova ocvijeća nose tek tanak prsten u boji gornjih listova; “Debbie Rairdon” – križanci obojenih gornjih listova ocvijeća i bijelih donjih, koji rubom nose tanak prsten u boji gornjih listova; “Blend” – kombinacija dviju ili više boja koje se jednolično ili nejednolično stapaju ili miješaju; “Plicata” – križanci svijetle temeljne boje (bez antocijanina) preko koje je rubom listova ocvijeća nanesen uzorak tamnije (antocijaninske) boje u obliku točkica, crtica ili „šavova“. 514 Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants - collections of the Botanical garden in Zagreb (3): Iris Collection
Details from the Iris-collections of the Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb. (SK, May 2019)