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The Regime Change Consensus: Iraq in American Politics, 1990-2003
THE REGIME CHANGE CONSENSUS: IRAQ IN AMERICAN POLITICS, 1990-2003 Joseph Stieb A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the College of Arts and Sciences. Chapel Hill 2019 Approved by: Wayne Lee Michael Morgan Benjamin Waterhouse Daniel Bolger Hal Brands ©2019 Joseph David Stieb ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Joseph David Stieb: The Regime Change Consensus: Iraq in American Politics, 1990-2003 (Under the direction of Wayne Lee) This study examines the containment policy that the United States and its allies imposed on Iraq after the 1991 Gulf War and argues for a new understanding of why the United States invaded Iraq in 2003. At the core of this story is a political puzzle: Why did a largely successful policy that mostly stripped Iraq of its unconventional weapons lose support in American politics to the point that the policy itself became less effective? I argue that, within intellectual and policymaking circles, a claim steadily emerged that the only solution to the Iraqi threat was regime change and democratization. While this “regime change consensus” was not part of the original containment policy, a cohort of intellectuals and policymakers assembled political support for the idea that Saddam’s personality and the totalitarian nature of the Baathist regime made Iraq uniquely immune to “management” strategies like containment. The entrenchment of this consensus before 9/11 helps explain why so many politicians, policymakers, and intellectuals rejected containment after 9/11 and embraced regime change and invasion. -
Wanting, Not Waiting
WINNERSdateline OF THE OVERSEAS PRESS CLUB AWARDS 2011 Wanting, Not Waiting 2012 Another Year of Uprisings SPECIAL EDITION dateline 2012 1 letter from the president ne year ago, at our last OPC Awards gala, paying tribute to two of our most courageous fallen heroes, I hardly imagined that I would be standing in the same position again with the identical burden. While last year, we faced the sad task of recognizing the lives and careers of two Oincomparable photographers, Tim Hetherington and Chris Hondros, this year our attention turns to two writers — The New York Times’ Anthony Shadid and Marie Colvin of The Sunday Times of London. While our focus then was on the horrors of Gadhafi’s Libya, it is now the Syria of Bashar al- Assad. All four of these giants of our profession gave their lives in the service of an ideal and a mission that we consider so vital to our way of life — a full, complete and objective understanding of a world that is so all too often contemptuous or ignorant of these values. Theirs are the same talents and accomplishments to which we pay tribute in each of our awards tonight — and that the Overseas Press Club represents every day throughout the year. For our mission, like theirs, does not stop as we file from this room. The OPC has moved resolutely into the digital age but our winners and their skills remain grounded in the most fundamental tenets expressed through words and pictures — unwavering objectivity, unceasing curiosity, vivid story- telling, thought-provoking commentary. -
Drugs, Crime, and the Justice System
u.s. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics •. B_uoflusti~Statistics .........' .' .•., .';'. '. ': , .' ",' .; • • , ~. • :'., • ' • • \ i"' .' ~ _. ~ " Technical Appendix Drugs, Crime, and the Justice System • U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justic~ Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics Do you know ... Do you ever ... • what percentage of persons arrested /I need statistics on drug defendants for felony drug offenses are released and their sentences? on bail? • seek information on innovative Ell what proportion of felons convicted methods to expedite drug cases in State courts were convicted of through the court process? drug offenses? • have any questions about drug ., what proportion of felony drug testing programs? trafficking convictions result from a guilty plea? Are you ... • ever at a loss for a statistic? The Drugs & Crime Data Center & Clearinghouse has the answers to .. pressed for time? these questions and many more. e in a rush for information? The Data Center & Clearinghouse Call today ... @} operates a toll-free 800 number staffed by drugs and crime Drugs & Crime information specialists Data Center & ® answers requests for specific drug related data Clearinghouse .. maintains a data base of more than 2,000 drugs and crime citations 1-800-666-3332 .. performs bibliographic searches on The resource for drugs-and-crime data. specific topics • disseminates Bureau of Justice Statistics and other Department of The Drugs & Crime Data Center & Justice publications relating to qrugs Clearinghouse is a free service managed and crime by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) and partially funded by the Bureau of • maintains a library and reading room Justice Assistance (BJA). ~ publishes reports on current topics of interest. -
Confidentiality Complications
Confidentiality Complications: How new rules, technologies and corporate practices affect the reporter’s privilege and further demonstrate the need for a federal shield law The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press June 2007 Lucy A. Dalglish, Esq. Gregg P. Leslie, Esq. Elizabeth J. Soja, Esq. 1101 Wilson Blvd., Suite 1100 Arlington, Virginia 22209 (703) 807-2100 Executive Summary The corporate structure of the news media has created new obstacles, both financial and practical, for journalists who must keep promises of confidentiality. Information that once existed only in a reporter’s notebook can now be accessed by companies that have obligations not only to their reporters, but to their shareholders, their other employees, and the public. Additionally, in the wake of an unprecedented settlement in the Wen Ho Lee Privacy Act case, parties can target news media corporations not just for their access to a reporter’s information, but also for their deep pockets. The potential for conflicts of interest is staggering, but the primary concerns of The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press are that: • because of the 21st-century newsroom’s reliance on technology, corporations now have access to notes, correspondence and work-product information that before only existed in a reporter’s notebook; • the new federal “e-discovery” court rules allow litigants to discover vastly more information than a printed page – or even a saved e-mail – would provide during litigation; • while reporters generally only have responsibilities to themselves, -
Nixon's Caribbean Milieu, 1950–1968
Dark Quadrant: Organized Crime, Big Business, and the Corruption of American Democracy Online Appendix: Nixon’s Caribbean Milieu, 1950–1968 By Jonathan Marshall “Though his working life has been passed chiefly on the far shores of the continent, close by the Pacific and the Atlantic, some emotion always brings Richard Nixon back to the Caribbean waters off Key Biscayne and Florida.”—T. H. White, The Making of the President, 19681 Richard Nixon, like millions of other Americans, enjoyed Florida and the nearby islands of Cuba and the Bahamas as refuges where he could leave behind his many cares and inhibitions. But he also returned again and again to the region as an important ongoing source of political and financial support. In the process, the lax ethics of its shadier operators left its mark on his career. This Sunbelt frontier had long attracted more than its share of sleazy businessmen, promoters, and politicians who shared a get-rich-quick spirit. In Florida, hustlers made quick fortunes selling worthless land to gullible northerners and fleecing vacationers at illegal but wide-open gambling joints. Sheriffs and governors protected bookmakers and casino operators in return for campaign contributions and bribes. In nearby island nations, as described in chapter 4, dictators forged alliances with US mobsters to create havens for offshore gambling and to wield political influence in Washington. Nixon’s Caribbean milieu had roots in the mobster-infested Florida of the 1940s. He was introduced to that circle through banker and real estate investor Bebe Rebozo, lawyer Richard Danner, and Rep. George Smathers. Later this chapter will explore some of the diverse connections of this group by following the activities of Danner during the 1968 presidential campaign, as they touched on Nixon’s financial and political ties to Howard Hughes, the South Florida crime organization of Santo Trafficante, and mobbed-up hotels and casinos in Las Vegas and Miami. -
True Spies Episode 45 - the Profiler
True Spies Episode 45 - The Profiler NARRATOR Welcome ... to True Spies. Week by week, mission by mission, you’ll hear the true stories behind the world’s greatest espionage operations. You’ll meet the people who navigate this secret world. What do they know? What are their skills? And what would YOU do in their position? This is True Spies. NARRATOR CLEMENTE: With any equivocal death investigation, you have no idea where the investigation is going to take you, but in this particular investigation, it starts at the White House. That makes it incredibly difficult to conduct an investigation, when you know that two of the people that are intimately involved in it are the First Lady and the President of the United States. NARRATOR This is True Spies, Episode 45, The Profiler. This story begins with an ending. CLEMENTE: On the evening of January 20th, 1993, Vince Foster was found dead of by gunshot wound at the top of an earthen berm in Fort Marcy Park. NARRATOR A life cut short in a picturesque, wooded park 10 minutes outside of the US capital. He was found by someone walking through the park who then called the US park police. The park police and EMTs responded to the scene and the coroner then arrived and pronounced Foster dead. And his body was removed. NARRATOR A body, anonymous – housed in an expensive woolen suit, a crisp white dress shirt. A vivid bloodstain on the right shoulder. When they then searched his car that was in the parking lot they found a pass to the White House. -
The Bush Revolution: the Remaking of America's Foreign Policy
The Bush Revolution: The Remaking of America’s Foreign Policy Ivo H. Daalder and James M. Lindsay The Brookings Institution April 2003 George W. Bush campaigned for the presidency on the promise of a “humble” foreign policy that would avoid his predecessor’s mistake in “overcommitting our military around the world.”1 During his first seven months as president he focused his attention primarily on domestic affairs. That all changed over the succeeding twenty months. The United States waged wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. U.S. troops went to Georgia, the Philippines, and Yemen to help those governments defeat terrorist groups operating on their soil. Rather than cheering American humility, people and governments around the world denounced American arrogance. Critics complained that the motto of the United States had become oderint dum metuant—Let them hate as long as they fear. September 11 explains why foreign policy became the consuming passion of Bush’s presidency. Once commercial jetliners plowed into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, it is unimaginable that foreign policy wouldn’t have become the overriding priority of any American president. Still, the terrorist attacks by themselves don’t explain why Bush chose to respond as he did. Few Americans and even fewer foreigners thought in the fall of 2001 that attacks organized by Islamic extremists seeking to restore the caliphate would culminate in a war to overthrow the secular tyrant Saddam Hussein in Iraq. Yet the path from the smoking ruins in New York City and Northern Virginia to the battle of Baghdad was not the case of a White House cynically manipulating a historic catastrophe to carry out a pre-planned agenda. -
The Big Lie Bit the Liar
The big lie bit the liar Michael Costello/Lewiston Tribune If you like your health care plan, you can keep it. Period. If by "period" you mean, "if it hasn't changed since the law passed." This is the time of year when this column dedicates space to reminding readers of the silliest, most ignorant and dishonest utterances of the self-anointed glitterati, illuminati and cognoscenti who lecture us, rule us and tell us what we're supposed to know, what we're supposed to believe and how we're expected to live. And this crowd has had an exceptionally bad year. And I'm not even counting the backlash against the Gaystapo who have tried to destroy Phil Robertson of the "Duck Dynasty" television show. In a one week period this fall, the New York Times, The Washington Post and Politico magazine all arrived at the identical conclusion that Obamacare's design was never intended to improve the delivery of health care, as its proponents claimed. What they all discovered was that, after millions of Americans had their insurance policies cancelled and millions more had seen their premiums soar, Obamacare was actually just another Democrat wealth redistribution scheme. They've had five years to figure this out. But they were all so devoted to promoting the man whom Barbara Walters declared "Messiah," that they averted their eyes from the obvious. Rather than report, they competed with each other for the honor of bearing his sedan chair on their shoulders. Those who dared to be correct from the beginning were denounced by the same geniuses who now claim to have uncovered the Obamacare fraud. -
THE TAKING of AMERICA, 1-2-3 by Richard E
THE TAKING OF AMERICA, 1-2-3 by Richard E. Sprague Richard E. Sprague 1976 Limited First Edition 1976 Revised Second Edition 1979 Updated Third Edition 1985 About the Author 2 Publisher's Word 3 Introduction 4 1. The Overview and the 1976 Election 5 2. The Power Control Group 8 3. You Can Fool the People 10 4. How It All BeganÐThe U-2 and the Bay of Pigs 18 5. The Assassination of John Kennedy 22 6. The Assassinations of Robert Kennedy and Dr. Martin Luther King and Lyndon B. Johnson's Withdrawal in 1968 34 7. The Control of the KennedysÐThreats & Chappaquiddick 37 8. 1972ÐMuskie, Wallace and McGovern 41 9. Control of the MediaÐ1967 to 1976 44 10. Techniques and Weapons and 100 Dead Conspirators and Witnesses 72 11. The Pardon and the Tapes 77 12. The Second Line of Defense and Cover-Ups in 1975-1976 84 13. The 1976 Election and Conspiracy Fever 88 14. Congress and the People 90 15. The Select Committee on Assassinations, The Intelligence Community and The News Media 93 16. 1984 Here We ComeÐ 110 17. The Final Cover-Up: How The CIA Controlled The House Select Committee on Assassinations 122 Appendix 133 -2- About the Author Richard E. Sprague is a pioneer in the ®eld of electronic computers and a leading American authority on Electronic Funds Transfer Systems (EFTS). Receiving his BSEE degreee from Purdue University in 1942, his computing career began when he was employed as an engineer for the computer group at Northrup Aircraft. He co-founded the Computer Research Corporation of Hawthorne, California in 1950, and by 1953, serving as Vice President of Sales, the company had sold more computers than any competitor. -
Theodore H. White Lecture on Press and Politics with Taylor Branch
Theodore H. White Lecture on Press and Politics with Taylor Branch 2009 Table of Contents History of the Theodore H. White Lecture .........................................................5 Biography of Taylor Branch ..................................................................................7 Biographies of Nat Hentoff and David Nyhan ..................................................9 Welcoming Remarks by Dean David Ellwood ................................................11 Awarding of the David Nyhan Prize for Political Journalism to Nat Hentoff ................................................................................................11 The 2009 Theodore H. White Lecture on Press and Politics “Disjointed History: Modern Politics and the Media” by Taylor Branch ...........................................................................................18 The 2009 Theodore H. White Seminar on Press and Politics .........................35 Alex S. Jones, Director of the Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy (moderator) Dan Balz, Political Correspondent, The Washington Post Taylor Branch, Theodore H. White Lecturer Elaine Kamarck, Lecturer in Public Policy, Harvard Kennedy School Alex Keyssar, Matthew W. Stirling Jr. Professor of History and Social Policy, Harvard Kennedy School Renee Loth, Columnist, The Boston Globe Twentieth Annual Theodore H. White Lecture 3 The Theodore H. White Lecture com- memorates the life of the reporter and historian who created the style and set the standard for contemporary -
Arkansas Connections: a TimeLine of the Clinton Years by Sam Smith
9/28/2016 Arkansas Connections: A Timeline of the Clinton Years by Sam Smith CLINTON EMAIL INDEX UNDERNEWS ARCHIVES US Arkansas Connections A CHART THAT APPEARED IN THE PROGRESSIVE REVIEW, MAY 1992 The media tried to turn the Clinton story into Camelot II. Just the truth would have made life easier for all of us. And a much better tale as well. Sam Smith COPYRIGHT 1998 THE PROGRESSIVE REVIEW Updated January 2001 and periodically thereafter http://prorev.com/connex.htm 1/47 9/28/2016 Arkansas Connections: A Timeline of the Clinton Years by Sam Smith 1950s When Bill Clinton is 7, his family moves from Hope, Arkansas, to the longtime mob resort of Hot Springs, AR. Here Al Capone is said to have had permanent rights to suite 443 of the Arlington Hotel. Clinton's stepfather is a gun brandishing alcoholic who loses his Buick franchise through mismanagement and his own pilfering. He physically abuses his family, including the young Bill. His mother is a heavy gambler with mob ties. According to FBI and local police officials, his Uncle Raymond to whom young Bill turns for wisdom and support is a colorful car dealer, slot machine owner and gambling operator, who thrives (except when his house is firebombed) on the fault line of criminality. Paul Bosson, Hot Springs Prosecutor In Hot Springs, growing up here, you were living a lie. You lived a lie because you knew that all of these activities were illegal. I mean, as soon as you got old enough to be able to read a newspaper, you knew that gambling in Arkansas was illegal, prostitution was illegal. -
Found, Featured, Then Forgotten: U.S. Network TV News and the Vietnam Veterans Against the War © 2011 by Mark D
Found, Featured, then Forgotten Image created by Jack Miller. Courtesy of Vietnam Veterans Against the War. Found, Featured, then Forgotten U.S. Network TV News and the Vietnam Veterans Against the War Mark D. Harmon Newfound Press THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE LIBRARIES, KNOXVILLE Found, Featured, then Forgotten: U.S. Network TV News and the Vietnam Veterans Against the War © 2011 by Mark D. Harmon Digital version at www.newfoundpress.utk.edu/pubs/harmon Newfound Press is a digital imprint of the University of Tennessee Libraries. Its publications are available for non-commercial and educational uses, such as research, teaching and private study. The author has licensed the work under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/. For all other uses, contact: Newfound Press University of Tennessee Libraries 1015 Volunteer Boulevard Knoxville, TN 37996-1000 www.newfoundpress.utk.edu ISBN-13: 978-0-9797292-8-7 ISBN-10: 0-9797292-8-9 Harmon, Mark D., (Mark Desmond), 1957- Found, featured, then forgotten : U.S. network tv news and the Vietnam Veterans Against the War / Mark D. Harmon. Knoxville, Tenn. : Newfound Press, University of Tennessee Libraries, c2011. 191 p. : digital, PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. [159]-191). 1. Vietnam Veterans Against the War—Press coverage—United States. 2. Vietnam War, 1961-1975—Protest movements—United States—Press coverage. 3. Television broadcasting of news—United States—History—20th century. I. Title. HE8700.76.V54 H37 2011 Book design by Jayne White Rogers Cover design by Meagan Louise Maxwell Contents Preface .....................................................................