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TBM and Lining - Essential Interfaces

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TBM and Lining - Essential Interfaces TBM and Lining - Essential Interfaces Nguyen Duc Toan Prof. Daniele Peila Dr. Harald Wagner TBM and Lining Essential Interfaces Student: Nguyen Duc Toan Dissertation submitted to the Politecnico di Torino, Consortium for the Research and Permanent Education (COREP), and D2 Consult Dr. Wagner Dr. Schulter GmbH & Co. KG in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Tunnelling and Tunnel Boring Machines Academic Tutor: Company Tutor: Prof. Daniele Peila Dr. Harald Wagner Turin, Italy October 2006 Abstract Optimization of segmental lining design and construction, in close relation with proper selection and operation of the tunnel boring machine (TBM), are the two among major concerns for the owners, designers and contractors, in all tunnelling areas. The main task of this work is to deal with this subject, using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. It is challenging to achieve the attractive and effective mechanized tunnelling alternatives in saving both time and cost without a comprehensive and interdisciplinary consideration. The Parties involved should be aware of the proper approaches in adopting the mechanized tunnelling technology for a given tunnel project. Every TBM tunnel project needs to be feasible from both operational and engineering points of view, environmentally acceptable and value for money. A significant scrutiny on the critical cases of TBM excavation has been conducted to identify and rectify the obscure aspects that are often associated with TBM tunnelling, in terms of risk management and project management. Difficult or critical cases of excavation in various mechanized tunnelling techniques (with certain kinds of TBMs) are analysed in connection with face stability and ground reinforcement issues. The report identifies and describes both the technical aspects and the economic impact of the critical interaction between the TBM and the tunnel lining. The interaction between the soil and the TBM tunnelling process and a number of essential loading cases for the segmental concrete lining has been investigated to comprehend the lining behaviour, the risk of ground failure and the risk of surface subsidence. The parametric study was restrictively applied to the hydroshield tunnelling technique. Acknowledgement I would like to express my sincere appreciation to the following people who have helped make this master thesis materialized: Politecnico di Torino: I would like to sincerely thank my academic tutor, Prof. Daniele Peila for his nicely arranging a good placement for my internship, for his kindly keeping track of my Stage work in Linz, and for his support in writing of this thesis. Prof. Sebastiano Pelizza is always an inspiration to my striving and achievements. The two of them, as being the Director and Assistant Director of the master program, make the most contribution to its successfully realization and accomplishment. I would like to express my thankfulness to Prof. Pier Paolo Oreste and Prof. Claudio Oggeri for the technical materials, for their help in exploring the university library and their input in modelling. I would like to thank Prof. Marilena Cardu for the books on the blasting technology. I would also like to thank other professors of Politecnico di Torino for their useful lectures. International Tunnelling Association (ITA) and Sponsor Companies/Societies: I would like to gratefully acknowledge the ITA for its initiative and endeavour to activate and sponsor this unique study course. The lectures at the master course in Turin are a good source of reference for my work. I would like to convey my deep gratefulness to all my lecturers from a good deal of companies/societies/universities (as shown on the back cover of this report) and from different nationalities who have dedicated their time and efforts to come to Turin and teach us international students very high-quality lessons. Consortium for the Research and Permanent Education (Corep): Special thanks are due to Ms. Irene Miletto and Ms. Giusy Favasuli the Corep’s Organizational Coordinators of the Master course in Turin. My sincere thanks are delivered to Mrs. Luisa Rosano the COREP Secretariat who always ensures the insurance coverage for my movement within and outside Italy, as well a good administration in general. Master class: I would like to thank all colleagues in the master tunnelling course in Turin, academic year 2005-2006, for maintaining a comfortable and pleasant atmosphere, and for their support in my studying in terms of discussions and material exchange, particularly, Mr. Daniele De Lazzari, Mr. Nick Chittenden, Mr. Kim Jin Ha, Mr. Bang Gyu Min, Mr. Nicola Donadoni, Mr. Marco Della Casa, Mr. Ciprian Eduard Partenie, Miss Katia Efpraxia Demirtzoglou, and Miss Lamprini Goli. D2-Consult Team in Linz: I would like to thank Ms. Katrin Pesendorfer, Ms. Margarete Prendl and Ms. Michaela Zellner the D2-Consult secretariat, for their valuable assistance during the whole process of my internship in Linz, Austria from beginning of May to mid-July 2006. I would like to thank Mr. Ulrich Horny for allowing citations from his technical paper, and for his wholehearted and effective guidance on numerical modelling during my Stage. Thanks are due to Mr. Walter Pointner, without his explanation I could be hardly to interpret the technical drawings of the BEG railway tunnel project which are presented only in German language. I also highly appreciate his high sense of humour, which makes my stay in the Danube city worth remembering. Mr. Peter Ertl and Mr. Horst Wöger, who helped me to find and explore the necessary contract documents and drawings, deal with computer problems and everyday life difficulties. Accompanying them to the BEG Project in Innsbruck - Southern Austria is a good memory of mine. Finally, heartfelt gratitude is conveyed to Mr. Andreas Beil, Dr. Harald Wagner and Dr. Alfred Schulter, Managing Directors of D2 Consult for their availability to any help I need. Their partly but valuably covering for the living cost is indispensable to my Stage period. A special point I would like to be grateful to them is that, they kindly allowed me to freely utilize all the company resources, such as a rich library, photocopy machine, scanner, printer, and limitless access to the Internet. The technical documents I collected in Linz are much helpful to my thesis finalization in Turin and will be greatly beneficial to my future career. The constant input through consultation with Dr. Wagner together with his writings is a never-ending source for my work. And I am very proud of being a "close friend of D2 Consult team" as allowed by Dr. Wagner and inspired from Mr. Martin Srb. Thanks are also due to the Brenner Eisenbahn GmbH (BEG) for the kind permission to use the company's respective information. Prof. Gunter Swoboda of the Innsbruck University (Austria) is appreciated for the nice talking at his Laboratory and for his helpful input on the analysis of the settlement induced by tunnelling, as well as other modelling aspects. Institute of Transport Science and Technology (ITST): My leaders in the Institute of Transport Science and Technology in Hanoi deserve my sincere thanks for their support in the first steps of enrolling in this master course. I am also thankful to my colleagues in the ITST’s Underground Structures Department for their consistently being kind and willing to help me. My family: I am deeply grateful to my parents, who have provided most of finance for my stay in Europe. I am greatly indebted to my wife Tran Thi Linh Chi for her support, understanding and patience. Much love and thank is due to my son Nguyen Ung Bach for his constantly missing me and passionately wanting me being back home. I would like to dedicate this thesis to my parents, my wife and my son. Contents Abstract Acknowledgement Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................1 1.1 BACKGROUND................................................................................................................................1 1.2 OBJECTIVES...................................................................................................................................3 1.3 CONTENTS OF THE THESIS ............................................................................................................4 2. CONSTRAINTS OF A NEW RAILWAY LINE ................................................................................6 2.1 BEG COMPANY APPROACHING THE PROJECT ............................................................................6 2.2 THE PROJECT ALIGNMENT...........................................................................................................6 2.3 TBM CONTRACT LOT H3-4 AND H-8...........................................................................................9 3. ESSENTIAL INTERFACES OF EXCAVATION............................................................................12 3.1 OVERVIEW ON DIFFERENT TUNNELLING METHODS .................................................................12 3.1.1. General ...................................................................................................................................12 3.1.2. Classification of Mechanized Tunnelling Techniques..........................................................13 3.2 GLOBAL VIEW OF TBM TUNNELLING .......................................................................................15 3.2.1 TBM Types..............................................................................................................................15
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