Waterbeach

Invertebrate Survey Report December 2017

A Worton Rectory Park Oxford OX29 4SX United Kingdom T +44 (0) 1865 887050 F +44 (0) 1865 887055 W www.lda-design.co.uk LDA Design Consulting Ltd Registered No: 09312403 17 Minster Precincts, Peterborough PE1 1XX

Invertebrate Survey Report December 2017 Waterbeach

Contents

1.0 Introduction ...... 1 1.1. Commission...... 1 1.2. Site Description ...... 1 1.3. Proposed Works ...... 1 1.4. Aims of Study ...... 1 2.0 Methodology...... 2 2.1. Desk Study...... 2 2.2. Habitat Potential Assessment ...... 2 2.3. Targeted Survey for Terrestrial Invertebrates ...... 2 2.4. Targeted Survey for Aquatic Invertebrates ...... 4 2.5. Survey dates, effort and weather conditions ...... 4 3.0 Results ...... 6 3.1. Desk Study...... 6 3.2. Habitat Potential Assessment ...... 8 4.0 References ...... 15 5.0 Photographs ...... 16 6.0 Appendices ...... 18 6.1. Appendix 1: Status definitions and criteria of invertebrate groups ...... 18 6.2. Appendix 2: Full List of Terrestrial Invertebrate Taxa Recorded ...... 19 6.3. Appendix 3: Full List of Aquatic Invertebrate Taxa Recorded ...... 25 7.0 Figures ...... 29

Version: 1.1 Version date: 4th May 2018 Comment Author: Jessica Kent and Jim Fairclough This document has been prepared and checked in accordance with ISO 9001:2008.

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1.0 Introduction

1.1. Commission BSG was commissioned to carry out an invertebrate survey within the Site in June - September 2017.

1.2. Site Description The Waterbeach site (the ‘Site’) comprises 230 ha of land situated to the north of the town of Waterbeach, approximately 4 km north of Cambridge, central Ordnance Survey National Grid Reference (OSNGR): TL 504 675. The Site comprises large arable fields and small woodland copses with a network of species-poor native hedgerows and deep drainage ditches. Many of the arable fields have wide margins (approximately 5 - 7 m wide) of poor semi-improved grassland. Wide strips of good semi-improved grassland are also present in some areas. Bannold Drove, an ancient trackway, runs north-south through the Site and is lined with mature trees, particularly in the middle section which forms the centre of the Site. A railway line forms the eastern boundary of the Site, Denny Abbey and Farmland Museum is situated outside the north western corner and Waterbeach Barracks, Ministry of Defence (MOD) land and airfield bound the Site on the west. Sewage treatment works sit within the south of the Site, west of Bannold Drove. Three larger ponds sit directly adjacent the eastern boundary. The Site is shown in Figure 7.1.

1.3. Proposed Works There are proposals for a new town in Waterbeach, Cambridgeshire to involve large scale residential development including a new town centre, a train station and associated infrastructure.

1.4. Aims of Study The purpose of the invertebrate survey was to determine if the Site supports important invertebrate assemblages. This report provides baseline ecological information to inform the development of the eastern side of Waterbeach Newtown. It contains the methods and results of invertebrate surveys undertaken at the Site in 2017. This report is intended to be read in conjunction with the Nature and Conservation Chapter of the Environmental Statement for the Site; the chapter details the impact assessment, mitigation and compensation strategies for reptiles.

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2.0 Methodology

2.1. Desk Study Information on notable invertebrate species within 2 km of the Site OSNGR was provided by Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Environmental Records Centre (CPERC) in June 2017.  The desk study made use of aerial photography resources to assess the context of the Site including:  Bing maps (https://www.bing.com/maps/) These sites were most recently in September 2017 during reporting.

2.2. Habitat Potential Assessment The Site was assessed for its potential to support important invertebrate assemblages by Dr Jim Fairclough MCIEEM, an entomologist, on 12 June 2017. Notes were made of the habitats present; habitat features within the Site were documented in a photographic record (see Section 5). To enable a full characterisation of the Site for invertebrate suitability, this included observations of features that might limit invertebrate interest as well as those which might be of particular value. In particular, emphasis was placed on the following features, where present:  Woodland edge, scrub and hedgerows: especially where there is a diverse vegetation structure and species composition.  Veteran or mature trees, including standing and fallen dead wood.  Species-rich grassland: especially that in association with scrub, with a high proportion of providing nectar and pollen, and with a varied vegetation structure.  Early successional habitat: (e.g. eroded banks and periodically disturbed bare or sparsely vegetated ground) especially free-draining ground where there is a high proportion of exposed bare earth.  Wetland: including watercourses (e.g. ditches, flushes and seepages), standing water or waterbodies (e.g. ponds, lakes and swamp) and associated terrestrial habitat (e.g. marshy grassland).

2.3. Targeted Survey for Terrestrial Invertebrates Habitats with potential to support important invertebrate assemblages, which were identified during the Habitat Potential Assessment, were subject to more detailed survey. This targeted survey was designed to target key indicator groups, particularly those associated with bare ground, grassland, scrub, and matrices of these habitats, namely Coleoptera (), (true bugs) and aculeate Hymenoptera (bees, ants and wasps). This approach has been designed with reference to guidance set out in Drake et al. (2007). Incidental observations of other invertebrate taxa, including those belonging to the ephemeral pools were also recorded.

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The following sampling methods were employed: pitfall traps, pan traps, sweep-netting, beating, grubbing and pond netting. These methods are described below. Pitfall Traps Pitfall traps were set out in clusters of three, at various locations identified as being of potential importance for invertebrates. Pitfall trap locations are shown on Figure 7.16. Pitfall trapping involved the use of circular pot trays (24 cm diameter x 5 cm depth) sunk into an excavated circular hole with the tray rims flush with the surrounding ground level. Preserving fluid (and a drop of detergent to break the surface tension) was poured into the trays until they were half full. A layer of mesh was secured over the tray to prevent capture of small mammals, amphibians and reptiles. Photograph 1 shows a pitfall trap deployed within the Site. The traps were operational during the period from 12 - 26 June 2017 and 4 - 18 September 2017. Any trapped invertebrates were collected to allow lab-based species identification. Pan traps Clusters of three or five pan traps were set out in flower-rich areas during sunny conditions of the summer and autumn visits. Their approximate location during the surveys is shown on Figure 7.16. The pan traps comprised yellow plastic trays into which a small amount of water was poured (along with a few drops of detergent to break the surface tension). These traps mimic large yellow flowers and attract flying of many groups, which then become trapped in the fluid, for later collection (to allow for species identification). The traps were operational for the duration of each survey visit and were collected in at the end of each day. Photograph 2 shows a pan trap deployed in situ. Sweep Netting Sweep netting was conducted during each survey visit at various habitat parcels of the site. Sweep netting involved walking at a steady pace through the vegetation and passing an entomologist’s sweep net back and forth through vegetation in a figure of eight motion. Sweep netting was accompanied by ‘spot-sweeping’ where individual invertebrates were targeted (i.e. those that could be detached from vegetation and collected via a single sweep). Beating Beating was conducted during each survey visit, targeting scrub / hedgerow edge habitat within the site. Beating is a useful technique for extracting beetles from overhanging branches. This method involves placing a beating tray beneath a branch before delivering several sharp blows to the branch, sending any dislodged invertebrates into the beating tray for inspection. Grubbing Grubbing is the name generally applied to the extraction of invertebrates by hand from a variety of mediums, such as fungi, dead wood, moist cracked ground in seasonally inundated habitats or dense grass tussocks. To assist in the detection of small beetles, the material being searched was sieved or placed in a bucket of water to capture invertebrates struggling to the surface. Grubbing was particularly effective in extracting saproxylic (dead wood feeding) invertebrates from woody material and fungi associated with mature and veteran trees that are clustered in certain locations along the field boundaries and bridleways of the site.

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Incidental Observations Throughout the survey incidental observations of invertebrates on the wing were made, specifically for butterflies.

2.4. Targeted Survey for Aquatic Invertebrates On 12 June 2017, macroinvertebrates were collected from four locations (survey reaches A1 to A4) spanning the main ditch running south to north through the centre of the Site using standard 3-minute kick sample methodology (BS EN 27828:1994) using a 1 mm mesh hand net. Three minutes of net sampling was carried out with the time divided equally between all of the mesohabitats present. Stony or sandy substrates were lightly kick-sampled to disturb and capture macroinvertebrate inhabitants of the silt layer. Care was taken to avoid deep accumulations of soft sediment since this makes later sorting extremely difficult. Similarly, the netting of large volumes of plant material was avoided. One minute of hand searching (of rocks, logs, packs and other submerged debris, where present) was then carried out in search of invertebrates (e.g. limpets, caddis larvae, pond skaters, riffle and whirligig beetles) that might otherwise have been missed during the net sampling. Coarse debris was checked for clinging invertebrates before being removed from the net. Samples were preserved immediately in 70% Industrial Methylated Spirit (IMS) for subsequent laboratory analysis. At each sampling point habitat details such as channel characteristics, adjacent land use and macrophyte cover and composition were recorded on a standard form. In addition the following physical and chemical parameters were collected using a calibrated Hanna HI 9829 Multiparameter Probe at the time of sample collection: water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and total dissolved solids. Two other ditches (Side Ditch 1 and Side Ditch 2) were surveyed in the same way for their aquatic invertebrate fauna. These were selected because they hold water seasonally, but for most of the year, therefore are likely to have a diverse and specialist associated aquatic (semi- aquatic) invertebrate fauna. The locations of all the sampling points are shown on Figure 7.16.

2.5. Survey dates, effort and weather conditions Surveys were conducted on 12 and 13 June and 4 September 2017 by Dr Jim Fairclough. Each visit involved approximately eight hours of field survey. Pitfall traps were retrieved on 26 June and 18 September 2017 by Kate Rooney. Table 1 below shows the survey dates weather conditions on the days of survey. During all survey days the weather conditions were optimal and did not impede survey. Table 1. Dates and weather conditions during surveys

Survey Dates Weather Conditions 12-13 June 2017 Dry, cloudy with sunny intervals (full sun on the 13), light breeze, max temp. 18°C. Dry and sunny with temperatures in high teens in preceding week. 26 June 2017 Dry and sunny, light breeze, max temp. 20°C. Relatively hot and humid weather (high 20’s) during preceding week, with

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Survey Dates Weather Conditions occasional spells of heavy rain. 4 September 2017 Patchy rain and overcast, clearing in the afternoon. Gentle breeze, max temp. 19°C. Spells of sunshine and showers the preceding week with temperatures around 20°C. 18 September 2017 Dry, cloudy with sunny intervals, light breeze, max temp. 17°C. Spells of sunshine and showers the preceding week with temperatures on the cool side, around 16 to 17°C.

Sample Sorting and Identification Whilst some species were identified in the field, the majority of specimens were stored in 70% methanol solution for later identification, using a stereoscopic microscope with the aid of identification literature. Data Analysis The subsequent results and interpretation sections of this report place a value on the rare and notable invertebrates found at the Site dependent on their current national status. Further Information on status definitions and criteria of invertebrate groups can be found in Appendix 1. Personnel The team for this project involved the following personnel: Dr Jim Fairclough BSc PhD MCIEEM (Principal Ecologist): Jim’s role in this project was to complete the field survey work and technical reporting. Jim studied invertebrates for his PhD and has worked full-time as a professional ecologist since 2003 during which time he completed invertebrate surveys and assessment at over 100 development sites. Don Stenhouse MSc FRES (Consultant Entomologist): Don completed the identification of invertebrates for the project. Don is a fellow of the Royal Entomological Society and is curator of Natural Science at Bolton Museum, where he works part-time. Don also specialises in invertebrate identification, for which he has carried out work for a wide range of clients across the UK over the last 10 years. Limitations to methods Invertebrate surveys normally encompass the period May-September. The earliest survey took place in early June, the primary aim being to target the early summer and early autumn periods. It is therefore likely that species present in spring will have been missed. The significance of this constraint is considered to be offset to some extent by the fact that several visits have been carried out during the recommended period, between June and September; which is considered to have been sufficient to allow an assessment of the targeted taxonomic groups. Accordingly, the lack of spring data is not expected to be a significant limitation affecting the assessment of invertebrate value at the Site.

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3.0 Results

3.1. Desk Study CERC provided 64 records of invertebrates, including seven species of Lepidoptera that are Species of Principal Importance (SPI). A summary of the invertebrate species of conservation importance identified within the desk study is provided below in Table 2, along with the conservation status and relevant policy relating to each species. 40 Nationally Scarce invertebrate species were identified within 2 km of the Site, the majority of these being from the diverse range of habitats across the neighbouring Waterbeach barracks and airfield. Table 2. Invertebrate species of conservation importance recorded within 2 km of the Site.

Order Latin Name Approximate Distance and Status Direction from Site Coleoptera Hippodamia (Adonia) 800 m west Notable B variegata Coleoptera Anaglyptus mysticus 1.8 km west Notable B Coleoptera Anthribus nebulosus 411 m west Notable B

Coleoptera Badister (Badister) 844 m west Notable B unipustulatus Coleoptera Phyllotreta vittula 340 m west Notable A

Coleoptera Zacladus exiguus 418 m west Notable B

Coleoptera prasina 880 m west Notable B

Coleoptera Diplapion stolidum 445 m west Notable B

Coleoptera Podagrica fuscicornis 870 m west Notable B

Coleoptera Podagrica fuscipes 326 m west Notable A

Coleoptera Mogulones geographicus 740 m and 960 m west Notable B

Coleoptera (Metophonus) 800 m west Notable B schaubergerianus

Coleoptera Ophonus (Ophonus) 1.12 km west Notable B ardosiacus

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Order Latin Name Approximate Distance and Status Direction from Site

Coleoptera Platyderus depressus 1.10 km west Notable B

Coleoptera Platynaspis luteorubra 860 m west Notable A

Coleoptera Polydrusus (Chrysophis) 420 m west Notable A formosus

Coleoptera Squamapion cineraceum 860 m and 327 m west Notable A

Coleoptera Trichosirocalus barnevillei 480 m west Notable B

Coleoptera (Empleurus) 989 m west Nationally Scarce nubilus Hymenoptera Bombus (Psithyrus) 426 m west and 1.16 km east Notable B rupestris

Hymenoptera Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) 1 km west and 1.16 km east Notable B malachurum

Hemiptera reclairei 846 m west Notable B

Diptera Merzomyia westermanni 337 m west Notable

Diptera virens 918 m west Notable Diptera Sapromyza opaca 600 m west Notable Diptera Trachysiphonella scutellata within 2 km west Notable Lepidoptera Pyrgus malvae 240 m west SPI

Lepidoptera Coenonympha pamphilus Several records between 650 SPI m and 1.15 km west.1 km south-east. Lepidoptera Tyria jacobaeae 1.8 km west SPI

Lepidoptera Cossus cossus 959 m west SPI

Lepidoptera Amphipyra tragopoginis 1 km west SPI

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Order Latin Name Approximate Distance and Status Direction from Site

Lepidoptera Hoplodrina blanda 1 km west SPI

Lepidoptera Scotopteryx chenopodiata 1 km west SPI

3.2. Habitat Potential Assessment Habitat parcels within the Site were distinguished based on their likely importance to invertebrates. This acted to focus subsequent targeted survey effort on the areas where important invertebrate assemblages were more likely to be encountered. Figure 7.16 shows the location of the areas assessed for invertebrates, showing those areas of higher likely invertebrate value (subjected to further targeted survey), and the remainder of the Site with predicted lower invertebrate value (these areas are left blank on the plan). The habitat descriptions (below) are accompanied by photographs of features / habitats of note (see Section). Overall the Site is charachterised by arable fields with boundary features comprising ditches and hedgerows, some of these with mature and veteran trees. The arable fields are generally of low suitability to invertebrates. They predominatly have narrow margins, or where wider margins are present these are laid to grass and therefore have limited structural and floral species diversity (see Photograph 3). The boundary features are most likely to be of value to invertebrate assemblages, and in particular, the track (Bannold Drove) through the central ‘spine’ of the site is regarded to be of value owing to its antiquity and variable range of habitats (grassland margins, hedgerow, standard trees and ditches) associated with the track. Elsewhere there is a prominent line of trees along a road in the north of the site. This is also considered to be of interest owing to the number of large pollarded and veteran trees associated with this tree line. Features of potential interest for invertebrate assemblages are described further, below. Ditches Ditches can be categorised into three main categories: dry ditches, seasonally wet ditches, and main conveyance ditches, taking the majority of water across and away from the site in a generally northern direction, leading eventually to the River Great Ouse. The majority of the ditches on the site are dry and show little evidence of holding water except perhaps during periods when the soils are heavily waterlogged. Such ditches are typically dominated by coarse grasses and ruderal vegetation such as hogweed Heracleum sphondylium, thistle Cirsium sp. and stinging nettle , which offer more interest than the neighbouring arable land, but are still nonetheless likely to be of relatively low value to invertebrates due to their generally small proportions (e.g. shallow depth and narrow margins), exposure to wind (offering little in the way of humidity or hot spots) and limited floral species and structural diversity.

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Three ditches in particular hold water for longer periods. These are indicated on Figure 7.16 as seasonally wet ditches. Their importance for invertebrates is heightened by the greater habitat diversity afforded by these ditches, which in turn is capable of supporting a more diverse invertebrate fauna. Vegetation associated with the seasonally wet ditches includes often abundant reed sweet grass Glyceria maxima or common reed Phragmites australis, and variable amounts of other emergent and marginal species, such as reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea, broadleaf cattail Typha latifolia, false fox sedge Carex otrubae, great willowherb Epilobium hirsutum, watercress Nasturtium officinale, pink water-speedwell Veronica catenata and bittersweet Solanum dulcamara. This habitat is complemented by a similar variety of course grasses and ruderal vegetation on the banks of the ditches as those that are dry. There are two main ditches that hold deep water and have a perceptible flow. One is associated with the Bannold Drove track (eastern side), that flows northwards through the spine of the site (see Photographs 4a and 4b). This includes discharge from the sewage works in the south off the site. The second main ditch is in the north east of the site (see Photograph 5), which runs from east to west where it eventually drains into the Bannold Drove ditch, albeit off-site (to the north). As well as the aforementioned emergent and marginal species associated with the other ditches, duckweed Lemna minor and Lemna minuta are both locally abundant, as is branched bur-reed Sparganium erectum and fool’s-water-cress Apium nodiflorum. These two ditches are likely to be of importance to aquatic, semi-aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates due to the greater habitat diversity and structure of the ditches, compared to the seasonally wet ditches. Furthermore, the ditch associated with the Bannold Drove track occurs as a significant wildlife corridor and is complemented by the hedgerow and standard trees along the track and its wide and relatively undisturbed grassy margins. Further information about this is included in the next section on hedgerows and tree lines. Notwithstanding this, one factor that may have a detrimental effect on the aquatic invertebrate fauna of the Bannold Drove ditch is the discharge from the sewage works. Blanket weed, which is often an indicator of elevated nutrient levels in the water, is especially abundant in the southern reach of the ditch, close to the discharge point to the sewage works. The blanket weed can prevent growth of other vegetation in the ditch and therefore may have a resulting effect, limiting the diversity of invertebrates due to reduced plant species diversity, lack of sunlight penetration and potentially low oxygen levels. Hedgerows, trees lines and field margins Established shrubs and occasional semi-mature to mature trees line a number of hedgerows within the site. The most important hedgerow and tree line for invertebrates is likely to be that either side of the Bannold Drove track (see Photographs 6a and 6b). A hedgerow with standard trees covers around half the length of the track, and is most prominent on the western side of the track. Trees are estimated to be approximately 80 to 120 years old, although several large pedunculate oak Quercus robur that are predicted to be at least 200 years old are located at the south of the track. Trees include pedunculated oak, ash Fraxinus excelsior, white willow , horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum and field maple Acer campestre. Some of these have hollowing trunks, damaged limbs with exposed dead wood and bracket fungi – all features of potential value to saproxylic invertebrates. Woody hedgerow species include hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Midland hawthorn Crataegus laevigata, dog rose Rosa cannina agg. and elder Sambucus nigra. These can provide important sources of nectar and pollen to invertebrates, including saproxylic species. Additional

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structural and species diversity is provided by the ground flora of bramble Rubus fructicosus agg., hogweed, cow parsley Anthriscus sylvestris, common mallow Malva sylvestris, nettle, thistles and coarse grasses The shelter on the leeward side of the western hedgerow may also encourage basking and nesting by invertebrates, including aculeate Hymenoptera and butterflies. The structural diversity of the Bannold Drove is further complemented by a dry ditch runs the western length of the track, and the aforementioned main (flowing) ditch that runs the eastern length of the track. Other hedgerows and tree lines on the site are of lower interest to invertebrate assemblages, either due to the hedgerows being species poor and / or well managed, or trees being relatively young (no more than 80 years) and with narrow field margins. One tree line however deserving of further consideration included a line of semi-mature trees (mostly ash), interspersed with veteran white willow pollard trees, along a lane leading to Halls Farm in north east of the Site (as shown on Figure 7.16). The willow pollards have been neglected so have not been cut for some time. As such branches are unstable and detaching from the trunk, with fallen dead wood at the base of the trees (See Photograph 7). The exposed heartwood of the hollowing trunks of these trees is dry and crumbly, and flaking bark is present in places as well as bracket fungi. Given the number of veteran trees present along this tree-line it can be expected that these will support an important saproxylic invertebrate assemblage. Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey The results of the targeted terrestrial invertebrate surveys provide an indication of the relative species diversity within the targeted groups of invertebrates. Over 1,000 specimens were collected or recorded over the course of the survey, allowing 222 species to be identified from the Site. Of the target groups, Coleoptera was the dominant order recorded: 130 species; Hemiptera was represented by 34 species; Hymenoptera was represented by 23 species; Diptera 13 species and Lepidoptera 10 species. Other species, which made up the remaining approximately 5 % of records, included those belonging to (but not limited to) Aranaeae (spiders), Dermaptera (earwigs) and Isopoda (woodlice). Of the species recorded, 173 (c. 78 %) are without any recognised status, being widely distributed and common, and exhibiting little habitat specificity; and 38 species (c. 17 %) are regarded as locally common or locally scarce. Ten of the species recorded (c. 5 %) are currently regarded as Nationally Scarce or Rare 1. The full list of terrestrial invertebrates recorded within the Site is displayed in tabular format in Appendix 2. Further information relating to species with a Nationally Scarce, Rare or Vulnerable status, which were recorded is provided below. Coleoptera (beetles) Chrysomelidae - Podagrica fuscicornis Mallow flea

1 Care has to be taken in interpreting species records as most current lists and distribution maps are out of date, including those produced by the JNCC (2014). For, example, the status of many Coleoptera species is currently under review and being brought up to date

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UK Status: Nationally Scarce According to Duff (2016) the beetle is found feeding on on marsh-mallow Althea officinalis, and Hollyhock Alcea rosea. It is local in SE England and very local in NW and Central England. The status has recently been reviewed by Hubble (2014) who says there is ‘evidence of decline in some areas’. A single beetle was swept from the Bannold Drove ditch bank in June and it was also taken from a pitfall trap set in the same area, also in June. Chrysomelidae - Podagrica fuscipes Mallow UK Status: Nationally Scarce According to Duff (2016) the beetle is found feeding on leaves on marsh-mallow Althea officinalis, and Hollyhock Alcea rosea. It is widespread in the Thames estuary and the Norfolk fens, but very local in the rest of southern England although it can be frequent where found. Hubble (2014) states that there is ‘evidence of decline in some areas’. Four beetles were swept from the Bannold Drove ditch bank in June where it was also found in pitfall traps; and six were swept from the track in the north east of the Site in June and September. In September four beetles were swept from vegetation along an east – west hedgerow in the northern half of the Site, and four more were swept from near the lane in the north east of the Site. Cryptophagidae - Cryptophagus schmidtii UK Status: Red Data Book - Insufficiently Known This species is in a difficult to identify and poorly recorded genus and the specimens identified have been compared with known C. schmidtii material. Interestingly, as here, most records in the national database are from pitfall traps, as are most of those mentioned in Drane & Marsh (2006), who suggest an association with small mammal nests. According to Reška (1994) the beetle can be found in European hamster and rabbit warrens and 'wild food' and has been taken in traps baited with mouldy bread. The species is likely to be commoner than its status suggests as it has been recorded several times recently (Drane and Marsh, 2006; Stenhouse, D.A. (2008 & 2012). In June a single beetle was taken, and in September four beetles were taken, all from pitfall traps set along the Bannold Drove track. - Larinus carlinae Thistle Bud UK Status: Nationally Scarce (Notable B) This species is found on thistles Cirsium and Carduum in grassland, often near the coast (Duff, 2016). It is local in west and south England and Wales. A single beetle was swept from the Bannold Drove ditch bank in June. Curculionidae - Otiorhynchus raucus UK Status: Nationally Scarce (Notable B) Although this fairly cryptic species has been recorded as far as Durham most records are from the eastern side of England, with none from the south west, Ireland or Scotland and one

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record from Glamorgan in Wales. Morris (1997) has the species as ‘ground living in open and sparsely-vegetated, chalky and sandy places’. However, Mazur (2003) more specifically suggests that man has shaped its range because it is found as ‘a common component of the faunas of anthropogenic habitats’ and ‘may be found in such places as urban parks, gardens, and roadside verges’. It is polyphagous, typically found at the base of plants, and the larvae feed on the roots. Two beetles were taken from pitfalls set along the Bannold Drove track in June, and one from a pitfall set along the lane in the north east of the Site in September. Curculionidae - Polydrusus formosus UK Status: Nationally Scarce (Notable A) This polyphagous species is found on a wide variety of tree species typically in wooded areas, although it has been taken from oak in the grounds of a starch refinery in an industrial estate (as P. splendidus in Stenhouse, 2004). Formerly very local in southern England and Wales, it is now much commoner and widespread, so does not merit the current status and is likely to be downgraded to locally common in any future review of the Curculionidae. One was beaten from trees along the lane in the north east of the Site in September. Dermestidae - Megatoma undata UK Status: Nationally Scarce (Notable B) Peacock (1993) says this species is ‘fairly widespread, mainly S. England, but also the midlands, the north, Wales and Scotland. Under bark and in wood, (particularly of dead trees), in nests or burrows of other insects, in spider’s webs’. Its status has not been reviewed for some time. In September, one was extracted from wood in an old willow pollard along the lane in the north east of the Site. Mycetophagidae - Pseudotriphyllus suturalis UK Status: Nationally Scarce The status of this beetle has recently been reviewed by Alexander (2014) who says it ‘has been reported from 62 hectads since 1990, but only an additional 26 hectads in the past, suggesting that Nationally Scarce is appropriate for this species until there is genuine evidence that the species does occur in 100 or more hectads’. ‘This is an obligate saproxylic species. Adults are associated with bracket fungi on large old broad-leaved trees, most often Laetiporus sulphureus, Polyporus squamosus and Fistulina hepatica; most strongly associated with ancient wood pastures and historic parklands in Britain (Alexander 2002). In September, one beetle was extracted from bracket fungi (Laetiporus sulphurous) in an old willow pollard along the lane in the north east of the Site. Hymenoptera (bees, ants and wasps) Crabronidae - Psenulus schencki UK Status: Nationally Scarce (Notable A)

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This is the least often recorded of three Psenulus species in the UK. It is mainly found in the south-east of England (http://www.bwars.com/index.php?q=wasp/crabronidae/pemphredoninae/psenulus- schencki). It collects adult Homopteran bugs in the family Psyllidae and nests in cut stems of plants or small holes in decayed wood, especially in old burrows and has been recorded from a range of habitats where suitable plants grow in warm sunny locations and has been observed at Hogweed flowers. Two wasps were swept from the Bannold Drove ditch bank in June. Formicidae - Lasius brunneus Brown tree ant UK Status: Nationally Scarce (Notable A) This is an ant that is rarely seen due to its lifestyle. The nest is typically deep inside an old oak or other tree species. Workers are rarely seen on the surface and queens are seldom recorded. The ants tend that feed on the host tree, for the ‘honeydew’ they secrete. It has a restricted distribution, which is not well understood as there are suitable nest sites across Britain, so there may be influences yet to be identified (http://www.bwars.com/index.php?q=ant/formicidae/formicinae/lasius-brunneus). Four workers were taken from a pitfall trap set at the base of an old willow pollard along the lane in the north east of the Site. Halictidae - Lasioglossum puncticolle Ridge-cheeked furrow bee UK Status: Nationally Scarce (Notable B) According to BWARS (http://www.bwars.com/bee/halictidae/lasioglossum-puncticolle) this species is restricted to the south of the UK, although records suggest it is found more widely in Norfolk and the Wales border, and is currently given Notable B status in the JNCC designations spreadsheet (JNCC, 2014). It is ‘often found in open, broad-leaved woodland but also associated with coastal land slips, soft-rock cliffs and estuarine fore-shores’. It digs nests in clayey soil and collects pollen primarily from wild carrot Daucus carota, although it has been seen pollen gathering from fleabane Pulicaria dysenterica, thistles Cirsium spp. yellow Asteraceae such as dandelion Taraxacum officinale and buttercups Ranunculus spp. Both sexes have been seen at scabious Knautia arvensis, and males at hogweed Heracleum sphondylium. One female was taken from a pan trap set along the Bannold Drove track in June. Aquatic Invertebrate Survey In total 53 taxa were identified from the invertebrate specimens collected from aquatic habitats. The majority were determined to species level, except for specimens of Diptera, which were identified to family level. These taxa represent eight invertebrate orders. The order Coleoptera (beetles) was represented by more species than any other, followed by Gastropoda (snails). The full list of aquatic invertebrate taxa recorded in the survey is included in Appendix 3. No Nationally Scarce, Rare or Vulnerable invertebrate species were found in any of the samples collected. Water Quality

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A total of 29 unique aquatic macroinvertebrate families were recorded within the ditch running adjacent to the Bannold Drove track. The samples were generally dominated by freshwater shrimps (Gammaridae), water hoglouse (Asellidae), true larvae (Diptera) and snails (Gastropoda). WHPT and BMWP scores were calculated from the family-level macroinvertebrate data and are summarised in Table 3 below. This includes a range of physical and chemical parameters. Table 3: WHPT and BMWP scores

Sampling WHPT WHPT BMWP BMWP pH Temp Cond TDS DO location ASPT NTAXA ASPT NTAXA (˚C) (µS/cm) (ppm) (%) A1 3.60 22 4.20 20 7.67 18.28 546 273 39.5 A2 4.33 18 4.07 15 8.13 19.34 496 278 78.6 A3 3.90 16 3.92 13 8.01 19.27 551 275 57.4 A4 3.56 16 3.62 13 7.43 18.29 603 301 31.3

In general, WHPT and BMWP scores are higher in the upstream sections of the ditch (A1 and A2), most likely due to this being further from the potentially polluting effects of the discharge from the sewage works. High concentrations of total dissolved solids and low dissolved oxygen were observed at A4 (closest to the discharge point) and this generally indicates eutrophication of a watercourse. The lowered water quality associated with the eutrophication has evidently had an impact on the invertebrate fauna, with species more typical of polluted waters being present, which has resulted in a low WHPT and BMWP score. Pollution caused in this way can have downstream effects as well, and this is replicated in the results which demonstrate that biological quality is moderate (over 4.0), at best.

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4.0 References

Alexander, K.N.A. (2002). The invertebrates of living & decaying timber in Britain and Ireland – a provisional annotated checklist. English Nature Research Report No. 467. Alexander, K.N.A. (2014). A review of the scarce and threatened beetles of Great Britain; Buprestidae, Cantharidae, Cleridae, Dasytidae, Drilidae Lampyridae, Lycidae, , Malachiidae, Phloiophilidae and Trogossitidae. Species Status No.16. Natural England Commissioned Report NECR134. Drane, A.B. & Marsh, R.J. (2006). Cryptophagus schmidti Sturm (Cryptophagidae) at two Yorkshire sites and a summary of the British records. The Coleopterist 15: 65-67. Duff, A.G. (2016) Beetles of Britain & Ireland. Vol 4: Cerambycidae to Curculionidae. A.G. Duff (Publishing). Hubble, D. S. (2014). A review of the scarce and threatened beetles of Britain. The leaf beetles and their allies Chrysomelidae, and . Species Status No.19. Natural England Commissioned Reports, Number 161. JNCC (2014) (Joint Nature Conservation Committee) Designations Spreadsheet http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-3408 (Accessed 30 June 2016). Mazur M. (2003). Description of male of Otiorhynchus raucus (Fabricius, 1777) with some remarks on the geographical origin of the species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). 8 pp. Genus 14(2): 241-248. Morris, M.G. (1997). Broad-nosed . Coleoptera: Curculionidae (). Handbooks for the identification of British insects, vol. 5, part 17a. London: Royal Entomological Society. Peacock, E.R. (1993). Adults and larvae of hide, larder and carpet beetles and their relatives (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) and of Derodontid beetles (Coleoptera: ). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects. Royal Entomological Society. Vol. 5, Part 3. Reška, M. (1994). Bestimumungstabellen der mitteleuropäischen Arten der Gattungen. Micrambe Thomson und Cryptophagus Herbst (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cryptophagidae). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien. 96B : 247-342. Stenhouse, D. (2004). Polydrusus splendidus (Herbst) (Curculionidae) in South Lancashire and Cheshire. The Coleopterist 13(4): 133. Stenhouse, D. A. (2012). Cryptophagus schmidtii Sturm (Cryptophagidae) in Northamptonshire (VC32). The Coleopterist 21(3): 141-143. Stenhouse, D. (2008). Cryptophagus schmidtii Sturm (Cryptophagidae) new to the modern county of Lincolnshire. Coleopterist 17(1).

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5.0 Photographs

Photograph 1. Typical setting of pitfall trap Photograph 2. Typical setting of pan trap

Photograph 3. Wide grass margin and coarse Photograph 4a. Main ditch running alongside grasses and ruderal vegetation along banks of a Bannold Drove track (south) dry ditch

Photograph 4b. Main ditch running alongside Photograph 5. East-west flowing main ditch in Bannold Drove track (north) the north east of the Site

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Photograph 6a. Ditch, hedgerow and tree line Photograph 6a. Hedgerow and tree line either either side of the Bannold Drove track (June) side of the Bannold Drove track (September)

Photograph 7. Lapsed veteran white willow pollards in north east of Site

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6.0 Appendices

6.1. Appendix 1: Status definitions and criteria of invertebrate groups Much invertebrate conservation evaluation hinges on nationally threatened and scarce species. For many invertebrate groups, species rarity has often been gauged by the number of national 10 km grid squares in which they occur. The fewer “spots on a map”, the rarer it is. This, however, does not exactly equate with how threatened a species is, since some species may be naturally confined to very few localities but are very abundant where they do occur and under no immediate threat of extinction. The matter of how threatened the “rarest” species are has been addressed in a series of Red Data Books (RDB), such as for insects (Shirt, 1987). Here, the listing as RDB1 (Endangered), RDB2 (Vulnerable) and RDB3 (Rare) is an assessment of how threatened or endangered the species is in Britain, rather than how scarce it is in terms of map spot counting. Over the last decade the RDB categories are slowly being replaced by IUCN red-list categories (Critically Endangered, Endangered and Vulnerable), which use different criteria to those developed for the RDBs. For a full explanation of the revised IUCN criteria see IUCN (2001), IUCN (2012), IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2013, 2014) and the IUCN websites (http://www.iucnredlist.org/; www.iucn.org/). The process of replacing RDB categories with IUCN ones is however slow, and IUCN categories are not available for all groups. Accordingly, wherever IUCN categories have been allocated in the report, these are also shown in preference, ahead of RDB categories. At the national level, countries are permitted to refine the definitions for the non- threatened categories and to define additional ones of their own, which essentially sit below RDB / IUCN status. Thus, less rare but still significant species can be defined as Nationally Scarce (formerly called Nationally Notable), which is often sub-divided into Na (scarce), Nb (less scarce). These sub-categories were originally devised by Ball (1986) and are based on 10 km square spot counting for the Great Britain grid system. The Na sub-category represents scarce taxa that are thought to occur in 30 or fewer 10 km squares of the Great Britain grid system. The Nb sub-category represents less scarce taxa that occur in 31 to 100 10 km squares. Taxa in the N- sub-category are those listed as ‘Notable’, but not always distinguished into sub- category Na or Nb. These species are thought to occur in 16 to 100 10 km squares of the National Grid but are too poorly known for their status to be more precisely estimated. IUCN (pre 1994) categories remain relevant to certain taxa if an update has not been forthcoming. These categories are as follows:  IUCN (pre 1994) Rare - taxa with small populations that are not at present Endangered or Vulnerable, but are at risk. In the UK, this was interpreted as species which exist in fifteen or fewer 10km squares. Superseded by new IUCN categories in 1994, but still applicable to lists that have not been reviewed since 1994.  IUCN (pre 1994) Vulnerable - taxa believed likely to move into the Endangered category in the near future if the causal factors continue operating. Superseded by new IUCN categories in 1994, but still applicable to lists that have not been reviewed since 1994.

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6.2. Appendix 2: Full List of Terrestrial Invertebrate Taxa Recorded

Order Family Taxon Status2 Aranaeae Clubionidae Clubiona terrestris None Aranaeae Dysderidae Dysdera crocata None Aranaeae Thomisidae Oxyptila praticola None Coleoptera Anthicidae Anthicus antherinus Local Coleoptera Apionidae Aspidapion aeneum Local Coleoptera Apionidae Aspidapion radiolus None Coleoptera Apionidae Malvapion malvae None Coleoptera Apionidae Protapion fulvipes None Coleoptera Apionidae Pseudapion rufirostre None Coleoptera Byrrhidae Byrrhus pilula None Coleoptera Byturidae Byturus tomentosus None Coleoptera Cantharidae Cantharis cryptica None Coleoptera Cantharidae Cantharis lateralis Local Coleoptera Carabidae Amara bifrons Local Coleoptera Carabidae Amara communis Local Coleoptera Carabidae Amara convexior Local Coleoptera Carabidae Amara ovata None Coleoptera Carabidae Amara plebeja None Coleoptera Carabidae dorsalis None Coleoptera Carabidae Badister bullatus None Coleoptera Carabidae Bembidion guttula None Coleoptera Carabidae Bembidion lampros None Coleoptera Carabidae Bradycellus verbasci None Coleoptera Carabidae fuscipes None Coleoptera Carabidae Calathus melanocephalus None Coleoptera Carabidae Calathus rotundicollis None Coleoptera Carabidae Carabus violaceus None Coleoptera Carabidae Curtonotus aulicus None Coleoptera Carabidae Harpalus affinis None Coleoptera Carabidae Harpalus rufipes None Coleoptera Carabidae Harpalus tardus Local

2 NS = Nationally Scarce, Unk = Unknown, SPI = Species of Principal Importance

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Order Family Taxon Status2 Coleoptera Carabidae Leistus ferrugineus None Coleoptera Carabidae brevicollis None Coleoptera Carabidae Nebria salina None Coleoptera Carabidae Notiophilus biguttatus None Coleoptera Carabidae Notiophilus palustris Local Coleoptera Carabidae Ophonus rufibarbis None Coleoptera Carabidae Poecilus cupreus Local Coleoptera Carabidae Pterostichus madidus None Coleoptera Carabidae Pterostichus melanarius None Coleoptera Carabidae Pterostichus niger None Coleoptera Carabidae Pterostichus strenuus None Coleoptera Carabidae Trechus quadristriatus None Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Bruchus rufimanus Local Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Chrysolina oricalcia Local Coleoptera Chrysomelidae aurata None Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Crepidodera plutus Local Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Neocrepidodera ferruginea None Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Phaedon tumidulus None Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Phyllotreta nigripes None Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Podagrica fuscicornis NS Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Podagrica fuscipes NS Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Psylliodes chrysocephala Local Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Sphaeroderma testaceum None Coleoptera Ciidae Cis pygmaeus Local Coleoptera Coccinellidae Coccinella septempunctata None Coleoptera Coccinellidae Harmonia axyridis None Coleoptera Coccinellidae Subcoccinella None vigintiquattuorpunctata Coleoptera Colydiidae Bitoma crenata Local Coleoptera Corylophidae Sericoderus brevicornis None Coleoptera Cryptophagidae Cryptophagus denticulatus None Coleoptera Cryptophagidae Cryptophagus schmidtii RDBK Coleoptera Curculionidae Archarius salicivorus None Coleoptera Curculionidae Curculio glandium Local

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Order Family Taxon Status2 Coleoptera Curculionidae Exomias pellucidus None Coleoptera Curculionidae Larinus carlinae NS Coleoptera Curculionidae Liophloeus tessulatus None Coleoptera Curculionidae Nedyus quadrimaculatus None Coleoptera Curculionidae Otiorhynchus ovatus Local Coleoptera Curculionidae Otiorhynchus raucus NS Coleoptera Curculionidae Otiorhynchus singularis None Coleoptera Curculionidae pomaceus None Coleoptera Curculionidae Phyllobius roboretanus None Coleoptera Curculionidae Polydrusus formosus NS Coleoptera Curculionidae Rhinonchus pericarpius None Coleoptera Curculionidae Sciaphilus asperatus None Coleoptera Curculionidae Sitona lineatus None Coleoptera Dermestidae Megatoma undata NS Coleoptera Elateridae Adrastus pallens None Coleoptera Elateridae Agriotes obscurus None Coleoptera Elateridae Agriotes sputator None Coleoptera Elateridae Athous haemorrhoidalis None Coleoptera Erotylidae Dacne rufifrons Local Coleoptera Hydrophilidae Anacaena globulus None Coleoptera Hydrophilidae Cercyon tristis Local Coleoptera Choleva angustata None Coleoptera Leiodidae Ptomaphagus subvillosus None Coleoptera Leiodidae watsoni None Coleoptera Malachiidae Cordylepherus viridis Local Coleoptera Mycetophagidae Pseudotriphyllus suturalis NS Coleoptera Nitidulidae Carpophilus marginellus None Coleoptera Nitidulidae Glischrochilus hortensis None Coleoptera Nitidulidae Meligethes aeneus None Coleoptera Oedemeridae Oedemera lurida Local Coleoptera Oedemeridae Oedemera nobilis None Coleoptera Phalacridae Olibrus corticalis Local Coleoptera Phalacridae Phalacrus fimetarius None Coleoptera Ptinidae Ptilinus pectinicornis None

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Order Family Taxon Status2 Coleoptera Scraptiidae Anaspis garneysi None Coleoptera Scraptiidae Anaspis maculata None Coleoptera Silphidae Nicrophorus vespillo None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Aleochara curtula None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Anotylus complanatus None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Anotylus rugosus None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Anotylus sculpturatus None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Drusilla canaliculata None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Ocypus brunnipes None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Ocypus olens None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Omalium excavatum None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Oxypoda opaca None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Philonthus carbonarius None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Philonthus cognatus None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Philonthus decorus None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Philonthus marginatus None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Philonthus succicola Local Coleoptera Staphylinidae brunnea Local Coleoptera Staphylinidae Quedius cinctus None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Quedius curtipennis None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Quedius molochinus None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Quedius picipes None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Scaphisoma agaricinum Local Coleoptera Staphylinidae Sepedophilus marshami None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Tachinus marginellus None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Tachinus rufipes None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Tachyporus chrysomelinus None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Tachyporus nitidulus None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Tasgius ater None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Tasgius morsitans Local Coleoptera Staphylinidae Xantholinus longiventris None Coleoptera Staphylinidae Xylodromus concinnus Local Coleoptera Tenebrionidae Eledona agricola Local Coleoptera Tenebrionidae Isomira murina None

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Order Family Taxon Status2 Coleoptera Tenebrionidae Lagria hirta None Dermaptera Forficulidae Forficula auricularia None Diptera Stratiomyidae Beris vallata None Diptera Stratiomyidae Chloromyia formosa None Diptera Stratiomyidae Oplodontha viridula Local Diptera Stratiomyidae Pachygaster leachii Local Diptera Syrphidae Episyrphus balteatus None Diptera Syrphidae Eristalinus sepulchralis Local Diptera Syrphidae Eristalis arbustorum None Diptera Syrphidae Eristalis pertinax None Diptera Syrphidae Eumerus ornatus Local Diptera Syrphidae Melangyna lasiophthalma Local Diptera Syrphidae Parhelophilus versicolor Local Diptera Syrphidae Platycheirus albimanus None Diptera Syrphidae Sphaerophoria scripta None Hemiptera Anthocoridae Anthocoris nemorum None Hemiptera Anthocoridae Orius vicinus None Hemiptera Aphrophoridae Aphrophora alni None Hemiptera Aphrophoridae Neophilaenus lineatus None Hemiptera Aphrophoridae Philaenus spumarius None Hemiptera Cicadellidae Agallia venosa None Hemiptera Cicadellidae Anoscopus flavostriatus None Hemiptera Cicadellidae Aphrodes bicincta None Hemiptera Cicadellidae Aphrodes makarovi None Hemiptera Cicadellidae Eupteryx aurata None Hemiptera Cicadellidae Eupteryx urticae None Hemiptera Cicadellidae Euscelis incisus None Hemiptera Cicadellidae Mocydia crocea None Hemiptera Coreidae Coreus marginatus None Hemiptera Cydnidae Legnotus limbosus None Hemiptera Delphacidae Javesella pellucida None Hemiptera Lygaeidae Drymus ryei None Hemiptera Lygaeidae Eremocoris podagricus Local Hemiptera Lygaeidae Heterogaster urticae None

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Order Family Taxon Status2 Hemiptera Lygaeidae Scolopostethus affinis None Hemiptera Lygaeidae Scolopostethus thomsoni None Hemiptera Capsus ater None Hemiptera Miridae Closterotomus norwegicus None Hemiptera Miridae Deraeocoris ruber None Hemiptera Miridae Leptopterna dolabrata None Hemiptera Miridae Liocoris tripustulatus None Hemiptera Miridae Lygus rugulipennis None Hemiptera Miridae Notostira elongata None Hemiptera Miridae Orthops kalmii None Hemiptera major None Hemiptera Nabidae Himacerus mirmicoides None Hemiptera Pentatomidae Pentatoma rufipes None Hemiptera Pentatomidae Podops inuncta None Hemiptera Tingidae Derephysia foliacea Local Hymenoptera Andrenidae Andrena bicolor None Hymenoptera Andrenidae Andrena minutula? None Hymenoptera Andrenidae Andrena nitida None Hymenoptera Apidae Apis mellifera None Hymenoptera Apidae Bombus hypnorum None Hymenoptera Apidae Bombus pascuorum None Hymenoptera Apidae Bombus terrestris None Hymenoptera Apidae Nomada fabriciana None Hymenoptera Crabronidae Psenulus schencki NS Hymenoptera Crabronidae Trypoxylon attenuatum None Hymenoptera Formicidae Formica fusca None Hymenoptera Formicidae Lasius brunneus NS Hymenoptera Formicidae Lasius fuliginosus None Hymenoptera Formicidae Lasius niger sensu lato None Hymenoptera Formicidae Myrmica ruginodis None Hymenoptera Formicidae Myrmica scabrinodis None Hymenoptera Formicidae Stenamma debile Local Hymenoptera Halictidae Halictus rubicundus None Hymenoptera Halictidae Lasioglossum calceatum None

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Order Family Taxon Status2 Hymenoptera Halictidae Lasioglossum malachurum None Hymenoptera Halictidae Lasioglossum puncticolle NS Hymenoptera Halictidae Sphecodes crassus Local Hymenoptera Halictidae Lasioglossum pauxillum None Isopoda Armadillidiidae Armadillidium vulgare None Isopoda Philosciidae Philoscia muscorum None Isopoda Porcellionidae Porcellio scaber None Julida Julidae Ommatoiulus sabulosus None Lepidoptera Hesperiidae Ochlodes sylvanus None Lepidoptera Hesperiidae Thymelicus sylvestris None Lepidoptera Notodontidae Phalera bucephala None Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Aglais urticae None Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Maniola jurtina None Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Pararge aegeria None Lepidoptera Nymphalidae Vanessa atalanta None Lepidoptera Pieridae Pieris brassicae None Lepidoptera Pieridae Pieris napi None Lepidoptera Pieridae Pieris rapae None communis None Panpulmonat Helicidae Cepaea hortensis None a Panpulmonat Helicidae Cornu aspersum None a Panpulmonat Succineidae Succinea putris None a

6.3. Appendix 3: Full List of Aquatic Invertebrate Taxa Recorded

Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Order Family Taxon A1 A2 A3 A4 1 2 Crangonyx Amphipoda Crangonyctidae pseudogracilis 3 1 1 7 4 24 Gammarus Amphipoda Gammaridae pulex 4 266 38 3 2 Sympetrum Anisoptera Libellulidae striolatum 3 12 Bivalvia Sphaeriidae Pisidium sp. 1 53 36 7 2

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Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Order Family Taxon A1 A2 A3 A4 1 2 Agabus Coleoptera Dytiscidae paludosus 3 Coleoptera Dytiscidae Dytiscidae 12 1 11 2 Hydroporus Coleoptera Dytiscidae palustris 2 Coleoptera Elmidae Elmis aenea 1 Haliplus Coleoptera Haliplidae lineatocollis 15 3 3 Helophorus Coleoptera Helophoridae aequalis 1 Helophorus Coleoptera Helophoridae brevipalpis 1 2 Anacaena Coleoptera Hydrophilidae bipustulata 1 Anacaena Coleoptera Hydrophilidae globulus 13 22 Anacaena Coleoptera Hydrophilidae limbata 1 1 Cercyon Coleoptera Hydrophilidae convexiusculus 1 8 Enochrus Coleoptera Hydrophilidae testaceus 1 Hydrobius Coleoptera Hydrophilidae fuscipes 1 2 2 Coleoptera Hydrophilidae Laccobius sp. 3 Diptera Chironomidae Chironomidae 9 47 54 50 2 Diptera Empididae Empididae 1 Diptera Pedicidae Pedicidae 79 Diptera Simuliidae Simuliidae 105 12 Diptera Stratiomyidae Stratiomyidae 1 1 1 1 7 Diptera Tipulidae Tipulidae 1 1 4 2 Ephemeroptera Baetidae Baetis rhodani 6 Cloeon Ephemeroptera Baetidae dipterum 2 Ephemeroptera Caenidae Caenis luctuosa 1 Zonitoides Gastropoda Gastrodontidae nitidus 24 1 10

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Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Order Family Taxon A1 A2 A3 A4 1 2 Potamopyrgus Gastropoda Hydrobiidae antipodarum 4 58 Lymnaea Gastropoda Lymnaeidae palustris 2 31 Lymnaea Gastropoda Lymnaeidae peregra 23 3 3 48 11 243 Gastropoda Physidae Physa fontinalis 166 3 Anisus Gastropoda Planorbidae leucostoma 23 Bathyomphalus Gastropoda Planorbidae contortus 25 12 22 Planorbarius Gastropoda Planorbidae corneus 31 3 14 Planorbis Gastropoda Planorbidae planorbis 17 1 7 68 Planorbis Gastropoda Planorbidae vortex 1207 80 8 150 Valvata Gastropoda Valvaltidae piscinalis 83 9 2 10 Hemiptera Corixidae Sigara dorsalis 2 Sigara Hemiptera Corixidae striata/dorsalis 20 4 1 Hemiptera Gerridae Gerris lacustris 2 Hemiptera Gerridae Gerris sp. 14 3 Hemiptera Notonectidae Notonectidae 6 1 2 Hemiptera Veliidae Veliidae 2 1 11 Erpobdella Hirudinea Erpobdellidae octoculata 2 6 1 3 Glossiphonia Hirudinea Glossiphonidae complanata 13 4 Asellus Isopoda Asellidae aquaticus 69 303 45 11 56 415 Megaloptera Sialidae Sialis lutaria 1 Oligochaeta Oligochaeta Oligochaeta 1 1 3 Limnephilus Trichoptera Limnephilidae lunatus 8 6 7 10 Polycelis Tricladida Planariidae nigra/tenuis 1

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Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Ditch Order Family Taxon A1 A2 A3 A4 1 2 Ischnura Zygoptera Coenagrionidae elegans 1 10

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7.0 Figures Figure 7.1: The Site. Figure 7.16: Locations of Targeted Survey for Terrestrial and Aquatic Invertebrates.

Invertebrate Survey Report 29 This d rawing m ay contain: Ord nance Surve y m ate rial by perm is s ion of Ord nance Survey on be half of the Controlle r of Her Majes ty’s Statione ry Office © Crown Copyrig ht, All rig hts res erve d . 2017 P R OJEC T TIT L E Reference num be r: 10048980 WATERBEACH - NEW TOWN EAST OS Ope n d ata / © Natural Eng land / © DEFRA / © DECC / © Eng lis h He ritag e . ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT Contains Ord nance Surve y d ata © Crown copyrig ht and d atabas e rig ht 2017 | Ae rial P hotog raphy - Es ri: DRAW IN G TIT LE Oxford (0)1865 887 050 No d im e ns ions are to be s cale d from this d rawing . ISSUED BY T: Figure 7.1: The Site 14 Dec 2017 COH All d im e ns ions are to be che cke d on s ite . DATE DRAWN 1:55,000 HS Are a m e as ure m e nts for ind icative purpos e s only. SCALE @A3 CHECKED FINAL SB © LDA De s ig n Cons ulting Ltd . Quality As s ure d to BS EN ISO 9001 : 2008 STATUS AP P ROVED

Sources : BSG Ecolog y d x m . s e t i s g i s e d Upware North _ 8 1 . 0

0 Pit SSSI 4 2 \ s t c e j o r p

1 0 \ S I G Upware Bridge 2 0 \ g n i Pit North SSSI p p Cam a M \ s s Washes e r g o r

P SSSI n i k r o W \ Wicken Fen 7 1 0 2

h SSSI, Ramsar site c a e b r & Fenland SAC e t a W

8 1 . 0

0 Cam Washes 4 2 \ 0 0

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Site boundary Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI)

5 km radius from Site Special Area for Conservation (SAC) Th is drawing m ay contain: Ordnance Surve y m ate rial by pe rm ission of Ordnance Surve y on be h alf of th e Controlle r of He r Maje sty’s Statione ry Office © Crown Copyrig h t, All rig h ts re se rve d. 2018 PR OJEC T TIT L E Re fe re nce num be r: 10048980 WATERBEACH - NEW TOWN EAST OS Ope n data / © Natural Eng land / © DEFRA / © DECC / © Eng lish He ritag e . ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT Contains Ordnance Surve y data © Crown copyrig h t and database rig h t 2018 | Ae rial Ph otog raph y - Esri: DRAW IN G TIT LE Oxford (0)1865 887 050 No dim e nsions are to be scale d from th is drawing . ISSUED BY T: Figure 7.16: Invertebrate survey 08 Dec 2017 COH All dim e nsions are to be ch e cke d on site . DATE DRAWN 1:13,000 HS Are a m e asure m e nts for indicative purpose s only. SCALE @A3 CHECKED FINAL HB © LDA De sig n Consulting Ltd. Q uality Assure d to BS EN ISO 9001 : 2008 STATUS APPROVED

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(! Ditch sample location Bannold Drove and North East track * # (important area for invertebrates) Location of pitfall trap (x3) Bannold Drove connection (important area for invertebrates) Seasonally wet ditch