SECOND BIENNIAL' REPORT
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E„ D. CAMERON State Superintendent of Public Instruction. STATE LIBRARY Second Biennial Report Department of Public Instruction
STATE OF OKLAHOMA
E. D. CAMERON, State Superintendent of Public Instruction.
GUTHRIE, OKLAHOMA. 1908.
STATE LIBRARY
SW& LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. Hon. C. N. Haskell, Governor of Oklahoma, Guthrie, Oklahoma. Dear Sir: In compliance with your request I herewith hand you a report from the Department of Education. This report is much more complete than the one that was filed with you last year, but on account of the backward condition of the organization of school districts in some parts of the State, we have not been able to secure all of the information we need to make our report full and complete in every particular. Our report includes a full and detailed statement about the progress of all the state higher institutions of learning, as well as complete statistics in reference to all the common schools and county high schools in the State. Our report also includes a number of suggestions about the observance of Arbor Day, Flag Day, Memorial Day and other occasions of like nature and a number of suggestions that we have made for the improvement and mplifting of the work of education in general. Respectfully, E. D. CAMERON, State Superintendent. DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. State Superintendent's Office. Evan Dhu Cameron State Superintendent John W. Wilkinson Assistant Superintendent D. B. Hamilton Chief Clerk Reuben D. Hardy Stenographer The State Board of Education. Hon. E. D. Cameron President Hon.' Win. Cross Secretary Hon. C. N. Haskell Governor Hon. Charles West Attorney-General The State Board of Examiners. Prof. J. S. Buchanan, chairman Norman Superintendent R. C. Cain, secretary Guthrie Prof. L. J. Abbott Edmond Superintendent J. G. Masters ; Tulsa Prof. Ira L. Cain Muskogee Superintendent Lynn Glover Bartlesville County Superintendent H. C. King Durant County Superintendent T. H. Hubbard Cordell State Text-Book Commission. Gov. C. N. Haskell, president Guthrie Rev. T. F. Brewer, secretary Norman Hon. John D. Benedict Muskogee City Superintendent M. E. Moore Marietta Prof. J. H. Barnes Enid Prof. D. B. Collums Stillwell Hon. C. B. Belt Norman List of Territorial Superintendents of Public Instruction in Order of Appointment. Hon. J. H. Lawhead. Second—Hon. J. H. Parker. Third—Hon. E. D. Cameron. Fourth—Hon. Albert O. Nichols. Fifth—Hon. S. N. Hopkins. Sixth—Hon. L. W. Baxter. . Seventh—Hon. J. E. Dyche. List of State Superintendents of Public Instruction in Order of Election,, First State Superintendent—Hon. E. D. Cameron; elected Sept. 17, 1907; term expires January, 1911. Pupils' Reading Circle Board. Hon. J. A. Alderson, Guthrie President Prof. J. H. Bayes, Chandler • Vice-President Mrs. Emma Gard Mills, Watonga Secretary Mrs. Cora E. FarrelL Guthrie Treasurer STATE SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT GENERAL STATEMENT. The State Superintendent is required by law to make and transmit to the Governor on or before the first day of December preceding the meeting of the legislative assembly a report showing the general condition of the schools of the State. This report is based upon the annual reports of county super intendents, who are required to make their reports to the State Department of Education on or before October 15. The reports of county superintendents are compiled from reports submitted by trustees from the various school districts of the counties. However, some of the county superintendents have been unable to secure the necessary data from their school officers, and as a consequence they will not be able to file their county reports with us until late in December. As we desire to have our Biennial Report complete in every particular, we have been compelled to delay its publication until the close of the year. In view of the fact that in some cases school officers have persistently refused to render a correct enumeration of the childrn of school age in their respective districts and to furnish other information demanded b}r the county superintendents I would respectfully recommend that the next legislature prescribe minimum and maximum penalties to be inflicted upon all school officers who wantonly refuse to perform the duties devolving upon them. The biennial period covered by the present report has been one of un precedented advancement along all educational lines, and especially in the eastern part of the state, where there were no free public schools prior to statehood on the 16th of last November, a year ago. Children in that part of the State formerly known as Indian Territory were left to grow up in idleness and ignorance, and their condition was pitiable in the extreme, but now, under statehood and a liberal democratic administration all has been changed, and public schools are within the reach of all. During the past year 2,200 school districts and 2,200 public schools have been established in that portion of the State where previously a vast majority of the children were without educational advantages of any kind. Many new school houses have also been built in the old part of Oklahoma, and the sentiment over the whole State is emphatically for good schools. The old dilapidated box house is rapidly disappearing, and handsome frame or brick buildings are taking their place. The demand for teachers has far exceeded the supply, in spite of the large number of teachers that have come to Oklahoma from other states. We extend a cordial welcome to all first-class teachers from other states who wish to locate in Oklahoma. Next year we will have 3,441 schools in operation in old Oklahoma and 2,200 schools in operation in that 6 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE part of Oklahoma formerly known as Indian Territory, making, in all, 5,641 rural schools which must be supplied with teachers. In addition to the rural schools, there are 3,000 city school teachers, 100 of whom are engaged in high-school work; there are about GOO superintendents and principals who are in charge of graded schools, and about 400 teachers are employed in the State University and the other higher institutions of learning in the State, while at least 200 more find employment in our various private and denomi national colleges; and there are, perhaps, fifty teachers engaged in kinder garten work. This makes a grand total of 9,891 teachers, while at least 10,000 are needed. The salaries of male teachers range from $75 to $200 per month, while the salaries of female teachers range from $50 to $90, according to the position filled. AVith our splendid school fund, which is rapidly in creasing, we will soon be able to offer teachers better salaries in Oklahoma than can be paid in any other state of the Union. The higher institutions of learning in Oklahoma are all well manned and are in excellent condition, as will be seen from the special reports from these institutions, which are herewith subjoined and made a part of this report. THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA. The State University of Oklahoma is the head of the public-school system of the State. It was founded by the State in order to provide the young men and women of the commonwealth with a school in which they might do advanced academic and professional work. It begins where the high school leaves off, and its training is founded upon that obtained in the secondary public schools. A sense of this close connection between the public schools and the University determines, in large measure, the requirements for admission to the University, its spirit and course of study. The control of the University is entrusted to a board of regents, con sisting of the Governor of Oklahoma, ex-officio, and of eight members ap pointed by the Governor. THE SCHOOLS. The University is made up of the following schools: The College of Arts and Sciences. The School of Applied Science. The School of Pharmacy. The School of Medicine. The School of Mines. The School of Fine Arts. The College of Arts and Sciences embraces: (a) An undergraduate course, chiefly elective. (b) A combined course in collegiate and medical studies. Both courses lead the bachelor degree. The School of Applied Science covers four years' work in mechanical, electrical and civil engineering, and leads to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Mechanical, Electrical and Civil Engineering. The School of Pharmacy covers two years' work and leads to the degree of Pharmaceutical Chemist. A four years' course is also offered; it leads to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy. The School of Medicine covers the first two years' work of a regular four- year course in medicine, and prepares the student to enter the third-year class in other medical colleges. The School of Mines covers four years' work and leads to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Mining. The School of Fine Arts embraces: (a) An academic course in music, drawing and public spe*king. (b) An advanced course in music, drawing and painting and public speaking. 8 SECOND BIENNIAL REPOET OF THE (c) A graduate course in piano, voice and violin. FOUNDATION. The University is founded upon the authority of an act of the legislature of the Territory of Oklahoma, entitled, "An act to locate and establish the University of Oklahoma." The act provided that when $10,000 and forty acres of land should, be given to the territory by the city of Norman the school should be located at that place. These requirements having been met, the University was established at Norman in 1892. HISTORICAL STATEMENT. Young as the University is, its growth has been rapid. In the spring of 1893 work was begun on the first building. The school was organized in the following summer, and in September opened its doors. During the first sev eral years the school was a University only in name—a very large majority of the student body being members of the lower classes of the preparatory department. In 1898 the first class was graduated from the College of Arts and Sciences. Since then the new schools have been added rapidly and the development of the University has kept pace with the wonderful growth of the territory. . , With the founding of the new commonwealth of Oklahoma the field of the State University becomes greatly enlarged and its duties and responsibilities vastly greater. It is the very earnest desire on the part of those charged with shaping the work of the University that it shall play its part worthily in the upbuilding of the great commonwealth of Oklahoma; that its growth shall keep well abreast of the development of the state; and that in every village and every township its influence shall be felt increasingly, making for an enlightened civil life. The words that have been chosen for the seal of the University—"Civi et Republicae"—not untfily sum up the great ideal for which the University stands. That it may achieve this end, the Uni versity asks the help of every citizen of the commonwealth, of whatever party or whatever faith. ENDOWMENT AND INCOME, The University is supported in part out of the general revenues of the State and in part from the income from lands set aside by Congress out of the public domain as an endowment of the schools of the State. The income from the general revenues is determined by the legislature. . By an act of the legislature of 1908 the sum of $69,350 was appropriated for the year ending July 1, 1909, for maintenance. The endowment in land was made by Congress in two grants: (1) Sec tion 13 in each township in what is known as the Cherokee Outlet, and in the Kiowa, Comanche and Wichita Reservations, opened to settlement in 1901, was reserved for University, normal school and agricultural college purposes. .The lands so reserved are leased for the benefit of the schools named, and bring to the University at present $22,00Q. , .. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 9 (2) In addition to the above lands, the statehood bill, approved on June 16, 1906, granted to the University 250,000 acres of land to be taken from any public lands within the territory remaining unfiled on as homesteads on that date. The total value of the lands belonging to the University is estimated at $3,670,000. The total income of the University from all sources should soon approximate $150,000 a year. The legislature of 1908 appropriated $132,- 000 and $67,500 insurance for University-building purposes. SITUATION. Norman, the seat of the University, is the county seat of Cleveland County. It is an excellent town of 4,000 inhabitants, situated eighteen miles south of Oklahoma City, on the Atchison, Topeka ;& Santa Fe Railroad, in approximately the geographical center of the State. THE GROUNDS. The Uuniversity campus comprises sixty acres, overlooking the valley of the South Canadian River three miles to the south. The grounds have been divided into six quadrangular plots with drives. Four of these quad rangles will be given over to the buildings, one to athletics and one is unas- signed at present. By a bill passed during the second session of the Fifty-ninth Congress and approved by the president, the University was granted all of section 36 in township 9 north, range 3 west of the Indian meridian, in Cleveland County, for the purpose of enlarging the University grounds. The above-described land, valued at $40,000, lies one mile to the west of the present campus. It is planned to sell as much of the 640 acres as is necessary, in order to buy such other land immediately adjoining the present campus, as the University may need. THE BUILDINGS. University Hall: Built in 1902-1903, at a cost of $70,000; was burned on the afternoon of Dec. 20, 1907. Science Hall: Science Hall is a gray, pressed-brick structure, 63x125 feet in siza, with limestone trimmings. Carnegie library: The library building is a gift from Andrew Carnegie, Esq. It is built of gray brick, and has two stories and a basement. The general reading rcom and offices are en the first floor. On the second floor is a large rcom for general meetings, together with three seminary rooms. In the rear is a large stack annex, fitted with sheet-metal stacks. The build ing was opened to use, January, 1905. Gymnasium: Built in 1903, is a serviceable building, 55x100 feet in size, divided into six rooms. The main hall, twenty feet high, has 3,200 square feet of unobstructed floor space. The locker room accommodates 500 indi vidual lockers. The bathroom adjacent is fitted with spray and sh<-"Tr^ >>aths 10 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE and supplied with hot and cold water. The director's office and an indi vidual exercising room occupy the east end. Shops: The engineering work is carried on in two frame buildings. The shops and the mechanical and electrical testing laboratories are housed in these buildings. The shops consist of a machine shop, foundry, forge and a pattern and wood-working shop. Anatomical Laboratory: This building, consisting of a large dissecting room, a classroom and a library and a store and preparation room, lies west of the work shops. It was especially constructed for work in human anat omy. A smaller building adjacent to the natomical laboratory is used for taxidermy and as a general preparation shop for museum material. Heating Plant: All buildings are heated by steam from a central heating plant, and all are completely wired and supplied with electric lights. MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY, OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY, Norman, Oklahoma. Name. Position Salary Arthur Grant Evans President of the University $4,000 Edwin DeBarr Professor of Chemistry and Instructor in Assaying 2,250 James Shannon Buchanan. . .Professor of History 1,800 Joseph Francis Paxton Professor of Greek and Classical Archae ology 1,800 Albert Herald VanVleet Professor of Biology 1,800 Charles Newton Gould Professor of Geology 1,800 Roy Gittinger Associate Professor of English Literature 1,500 Homer Charles Washburn. . .Professor of Pharmacy and Materia Med- ' ica and Head of the School 1,500 James Walling Sturgis Professor of Latin 1,500 Samuel Watson Reeves Professor of Mathematics 1,800 James Houston Felgar Professor of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering 1,800 Fredric Holmberg Professor of Theory of Music and Head of the School of Fine Arts 1,500 Henry Meier Professor of German Language and Lit erature 1,800 Frank Elwood Knowles...... Registrar, with rank of Professor, and Secretary to the Faculty 1,500 Sardie Roy Hadsell Associate Professor of English 1,500 Henry Higgins Lane Professor of Zoology and Embryology. . . 1,500 George Albert Hool Professor of Civil Engineering 1,500 Jerome Dowd .Professor of Sociology and Economics... 1,500 Theodore Hampton Brewer. .Professor of English Literature 1,800 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION II Mortimer Stanfleld Gardner. .Professor of Psychology and Philosophy 1,800 George Childs Jones Professor of Physics and Electrical Engi neering and Head of the School of Ap plied Science 1,800 C. Lucile Dora Professor of Romance Language and Lit erature and Dean of women 1,500 James Herbert Sawtel Professor of Political Science 1,500 Charles Sharp Bobo Professor of Forensic Medicine and Head of the School of Medicine 600 Walter L. Capshaw Professor of Anatomy 600. John Sherwood McLucas... .Librarian, with rank of Professor, and Theodore Frelinghuy- Instructor in Bibliography 1,500' sen Brewer Professor of Secondary Education 1,800 M. A. Floyd. Associate Professor of European History Edmund Pendleton Ran- and Principal of Preparatory School. . 1,500 dclph Duval Associate Professor of Mathematics 1,500 Bessie Lillian Boles Associate Professor of Theory of Music. . 1,200 Daniel Webster Ohern Professor of Mineralogy 1,500 Walter Clifton Erwin Associate Professor of Education 1,350 Harrcld V. Bozell issistant Professor of Electrical Engi- $> neering 1,200 Herbert Bancroft Dwight.... Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engi neering and Instructor in Drawing... 1,200 John Sherman Gifford Associate Professor of Education and As sistant Principal in Preparatory School 1,350 Guy Yandall Williams Instructor in Chemistry 1,350 Adelaide Clara Locmis Instructor" in English 900 Louis' A. Turley Instructor in Pathology and Neurology. . 1,500 Mrs. Pearl Montgomery Guerant Director of Physical Training for Women, with rank of Instructor 500 Clarence C. Robinson Instructor in voice and Theory 500 John Chester Darling Instructor in Physical Training 1,350 Lcuise Rouzie Smith Instructor in Oratory 1,000 Lena E. Harman Instructor in Preparatory School 900 Virginia Brewer Instructor in Piano (paid in fees) 800-1,000 Merle Edelweiss Newby Instructor in Violin 500 Nellie Virginia Goodrich. . . . Assistant in Piano 500 Ruby Givens Assistant in Voice Culture 500 Benjamin Gilbert Owens Assistant in Physical Training and Coach 500 Errett R. Newby Secretary to the President 1,200 Lloyd B. Curtis Assistant in Romance Language 480 12 SECOND BIENNIAL ' REPORT OF THE Pierce Larkin Assistant in Geology...... :-'.'.< 480 W. W. Williams Treasurer and Purchasing Agent. 1,500 T. B. Ferguson Carpenter 1,000 W. A. Allen Head janitor 900 J. L. Buchanan. .Night watchman ; 600 Robert H. Wood.... Stenographer in Treasurer's office 180 Harry Diamond Stenographer in Secretary's office 180 Robert Garrett .Assistant Registrar 180 Chas. Orr Assistant Treasurer 180 C. R. Chaney Mail carrier 90 P. D. Erwin Library assistant 180 O. E. Davis Library assistant 135 Chas. Carey Gymnasium assistant 108 Louis Salter Gymnasium assistant 72 Pearl M. Guerrant Women's gymnasium ,50 C. C. Knepley•. — .Dispensing clerk; Pharmacy laboratory... 180 Robert P. Clavert Dispensing clerk, Chemistry laboratory.. 180 R. H. Riley Biology laboratory assistant 180 A. M. Alden Psychology laboratory assistant 180 Nellie Dean Assistant in Preparatory School 300 Nellie W. Robinson Assistant in Preparatory School 180 J. E. Gibson Assistant in Preparatory School 90 Mary White Assistant in Preparatory School 180 O. C. Culver Assistant in Preparatory School 90 John Elder Assistant in Preparatory School 90 E. Z. Carpenter Assistant janitor (Science Hall) 112.50 R. A. Conklin Assistant janitor (Science Hall) 112.50 Clarence C. Cowden Assistant janitor (Library) 112.50 Lldon C. Frie Assistant janitor (Library) 112.50 W. W. Stadtman Assistant janitor (Engineering Shops).. .112.50 John Wilhite Assistant janitor (gymnasium) 112.50 Jesse B. Lambert Assistant janitor (new building) 112.50 Earl Ivey Assistant janitor (studio) 112.50 C. N. Bankston Assistant janitor (Science Hall) 112.50 The enrollment for the year 1907-1908: females, 242; males, 499; making' a total for the regular school year of 743. Summer School had an enrollment of 124, which, after deducting the number who are counted twice, leaves a total enrollment of 790. Value of buildings and grounds $ 300,000 Appropriations for maintenance 69,350 Income from land rentals 21,735 Appropriation for new building 199,500 Value of lands belonging to University 3,670,000 STA.TE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 13 REGENTS OF THE STATE UNIVERSITY. C. N. Haskell, Governor Guthrie Lee Cruce Ardmore J. D. Lydick. Shawnee John P. Hickman Perkins Flowers Nelson Tulsa W. E. Rowsey ,. Miuskogee J. Matt Gordon Weatherford N. L. Linebaugh McAlester Clifford J. Pratt .... • Oklahoma City OFFICERS OF THE BOARD. Lee Cruce , President W. E. Rowsey Secretary AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE. This institution is located in Payne County at Stillwater. It is one of the institutions established in every state and territory by act of Congress approved July 2, 1862, and subsequent supplementary acts. This institution is under the control of the State Board of Agriculture, as provided by the constitution of Oklahoma, chapter VI, section 31. The boai'd is composed of gentlemen of intelligence and character, representing every section of the State. We believe that this great educational institution will be of untold benefit to our State, especially to that splendid portion of our fellow citizens who are engaged in agriculture. COURSES OF INSTRUCTION. The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Oklahoma is composed; Of a number of schools of collegiate grade, designed to educate and train the young men and women of Oklahoma for the industrial and scientific pursuits relating to the many branches of agriculture, mechanic arts and domestic science. The regular courses of instruction are five in number: 1. In Agriculture—The Four Years' Course, the Two Years' Course, the Ten Weeks' Course, the Correspondence and the Farmers' Short Course. 2. In Mechanic Arts or Engineering—The Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Course and the Civil Engineer Course. 3. In Science—The General Science Course. 4. In Domestic Science—The Domestic Science Course. 5. In Business—The Business Course. RESOURCES. The total income of the college and station for the current year is about $90,000. The items composing it are as follows: Morrill Fund. The college receives from the federal government during the present fiscal year $27,000. Of this amount $22,500 is the old "Morrill Fund," which the college has been receiving, for some years, and $4,500 is the first install ment of an additional endowment provided by Congress last year. This addi tional endowment will be increased by $4,500 each year for four years more, until the total "Morrill Fund," as it may still be conveniently called, reaches the annual sum of $45,000. Hatch and1 Adams Funds. The Agricultural Experiment Station, which is a department of this col lege, receives from the United States Government for the current fiscal year STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 15 $24,000, to be used solely for experimentation and the publication of results. As above noted, this is being increased at the rate of $2,000 a year until the total amount shall reach $30,000. Land Lease Fund. Section 13. The Congress of the United States provided that section 13 in the Cherokee Strip and in all reservations opened subsequently be re served for the State institutions of learning, The enabling act and the legis lature have provided how this land shall be divided among the various State schools. From this source under the present law it is estimated that this institu tion ought to receive for the year about $30,000. From the 250,000 acres of land granted to this school by the enabling act we ought to receive $20,000, making a total from our lands of $50,000. Other Sources. There are other slight sources of income, not necessary to detail here, which raise the total annual income of the college and station to about $125,000; but, as above stated, $24,000 of this amount is applicable only to the expenses of experimentation, and not available for purposes of instruc tion. LAND AND BUILDINGS. The campus, farm and experiment station grounds embrace a tract of 1,000 acres. This great increase in land owned by the college for farm and experiment station purposes is due to an act of Congress approved Feb. 8, 1905, donating to the institution a section of school land adjoining the old college farm on the west. The land now constituting the college farm repre sents all kinds of Oklahoma soils in ample measure, from the choicest bottom land to inferior upland, and renders possible experimentation in agricultural production in Oklahoma along all lines and on a liberal scale. Morrill Hall, named in honor of Senator Justin S. Morrill by an act of the legislative assembly providing for its construction, cost, complete, with heating plant, which was installed by the Engineering Department of the college, $75,000. Library Hall is a brick and stone building, two stories and basement, 76x72 and 111x65 feet. The Central Building (the original building of the college) is a two-story brick building with a basement, 66x60 feet. The Chemistry Building is a two-story brick structure with basement, the main portion 64x42, wing 54x32 feet. The buildings of the Engineering Department consist of a structure of brick and stone, 80x47 feet, two stories with basement; the new shop build ing, of brick, with a two-story portion 72x36 feet, and a wing 180x40 feet, containing the classroom, drawing rooms and office of the Department of Civil Engineering, a testing laboratory, blacksmith shop and foundry, and 16 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE also the gymnasium; the old shop building, a two-story stone building, 80x30 feet, containing the machine shops, electric laboratory and the wood-working shops; and the boiler house, a stone building 60x40 feet. The Dairy Building is a brick structure of two stories, 60x30 feet, con taining the class and operating rooms of the department, and also the equip ment for a moderate valume of commercial dairy work. There are also a brick barn 60x96 feet, a residence for the director of the experiment station, a greenhouse, and several other minor structures. The college campus and farm consist of 1,000 acres, valued at $40,000. There are ten chief buildings valued at $207,500. The total equipment in all lines is valued at $180,000. The total value of the plant is thus $427,500.. I estimate the total value of land endowment at $3,250,000. LIST OF FACULTY AND ASSISTANTS, A. & M. COLLEGE, Stillwater, Okla. Name. Position Salary J. H. Connell President $4,500 Geo. L. Holter Professor Chemistry 1,800 L. L. Lewis Professor Zoological and Veterinary Sci ence 1,800 R. E. Chandler Engineering and Physics 2,200 J. W. Means Mathematics and Astronomy 1,600 O. M. Morris Horticulture and Botany 1,600 Sarah W. Landes Domestic Economy 1,500 J. F. Nicholson Entomology 1,600 L. A. Moorehouse Professor Agronomy, Station and College 1,800 L. J. Batton Principal Sub-Freshman Department. . . . 1,200 Roy C. Potts Dairying ' 1,800 B. A. Hill Physical Director 1,000 B. A. Wise German and Latin 1,700 B. C. Pittuck Acting Director of Station and Dean Sec ondary Schools 2,000 John Alley History and Political Economy 1,600 W. A. Linklater Animal Husbandry 1,800 Cornelius Beatty Station Chemist 1,600 J. F. Lawrence. Assistant Mathematics 1,200 E. B. King Instructor Civil Engineering 1,400 H. G. Seldomridge Instructor Public Speaking and Assistant in English 1,000 W. R. Wright Assistant Bacteriologist 1,000 W. W. Evans "arm Superintendent 1,500 W. L. Burlison Assistant in Agronomy 1,400 Rudolph Rosenstengel Assistant Electrical Engineering 1,200 R. P. Sauerhering Assistant Mechanical Engineering 1,200 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 1? R. A. Coverdale Business Department E. J. Westbrook .• Superintendent and Instructor Printing.... Martha B. McKinley. Assistant Domestic Economy 12© Ed McCarrel Assistant Sub-Freshman Department...... tOO> Emma J. Ross Physical Director for Girls 54© Professor Music 1,0001. Zackheim...... „,,,.. E. E. Balcomb Principal Agriculture in Schools 2,98© L. M. Montgomery Assistant Horticulture and Botany 1,20©' L. S. Weatherby Assistant in Chemistry . . 90ft> Cora L. Snapp Assistant in English 67JB A. S. Lee Assistant Business Department and as sistant office stenographer 92f& George Wilson Assistant Mathematics 1,500 M. J. Otey Financial Secretary , 1,50("> L. R. Hanks Registrar and assistant bookkeeper 1,000' Cora B. Miltimore Librarian 84G? O. W. Holmes Assistant Dairying 72G-> Ira F. Fravel Commandant of Cadets 2?00G< Total $55,06K LABOR LIST, A. M. COLLEGE, Stillwater, Okla. Name Position Salary? Mrs. J. F. Lawrence Instructor in Music .- 44G> Madge B. Sanders Instructor in Music 72C> Pearl Wiar Instructor Domestic Economy 14£ H. E. Becker Instructor Woodworking 720> E. E. Brewer Shop foreman . 90&- W. A. Etherton Architectural Engineering 2,00i!> Rudolph Weaver Assistant Architectural Engineering..... 1,50G> L. M. Bebee Instructor Mechanical Engineering 84G> S. A. Craft Fireman S00> Steve Burger Fireman . 405^ James Dent Night watch 480' J. E. Davis Head janitor 480' Paul R. Wilson Secretary to President 1,200- Lethe Morrow Station stenographer 60G> R. O. Baird Assistant Station Chemistry 60G1 A. L. I.ovett Employee in Entomological Department 60C> Chas. Unwin Dairy employee 900> Nettie Coburn Assistant Station stenographer 480' F. A. Richards Herdsman 54C? M. G. Searcy Farm assistant 720 18 SBCOND BIENNIAL EEPORT OF THE %K M. Dunavan Employee Animal Husbandry 540 Wallace Austin Printing employee ' 780 :Sadie Stoveall Dairy stenographer 600 -John Allen • • • Station field employee 420 :Bert Tillion Station field employee 420 IFrank Tillion Station field employee 420 Total $17,869 T7otal salaries of instructors 55,065 Total salaries of employees 17,869 ''Grand total < $72 934 MEMBERS OF OKLAHOMA STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE, "Ex-Officio Board of Regents of Agricultural and Mechanical College' J. P. Connors, president Canadian .Members First District: A- C- Gobb Wagoner R. W. Lindsay Chouteau .Members Second District: J. W. L. Corley Heavener R. F. Wilson Valliant jMembers Third District: Ewers White McLoud G. T. Bryan Perry "Members Fourth District: J. C. Elliott Pauls Valley M. F. Ikard Chickasha "Members Fifth District: Dan Riehl Gotebo Thad Rice Hitchcock OFFICERS OF THE BOARD. J. P. Connors. President -J. C. Elliott Vice-President Ewers White Treasurer Charles F. Barrett Secretary COMMITTEES OF STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. College Committee. Live Stock Sanitary Committee. Ewers White G. T. Bryan G. T. Bryan R. p. Wilson J. P. Connors M. F. Ikard jfTsHL .. • \ . '/ ..r.-i mi 11 . \ • #V 39 !'• v a^al V'. - [§HI '*'''V? /•' ; fi.- : »HHE^* r Mwr • »•»' * - . —*.- -iStSss™ ^pn-JL'. ....•'-;// 1M •/•' JML SOUTHWESTERN NORMAL, WEATHERFORD, OKLAHOMA. New Building—C. A. & N. University Langston, Okla. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION .19 : r :•'• '"~• ''.'' T'.''.^ifcJ... • R. W. Lindsay , / : "I.- <-L OFFICE FORCE, ( / V Guthrie, Okla. ••; •-,."- Charles F. Barrett ',,,,,,,,,,, ..-Secretary G. T. Bryan ; Superintendent Live Stock; Inspections J. E. Woodworth Statistical Clerk; T. M. Jeffords Superintendent Farmers': Institutes;. Maybelle Lindwall , Stenographer- Myrtle Garrison Clerk who. is: stenographer- J. K. Callicotte ..j State- Veterinariana W. B. McAlester cse . <}•;• A State Veterinarian! EXPERIMENT STATION STAFF, Stillwater, Okla. j. H> Connell President WrA. L. English Director- h, L. Lewis Veterinarian and Bacteriologist". O. M. Morris Horticulturist. A. G. Ford Chemist. J. F. Nichelson Botanist and Entomologist L. A. Moorhouse Agronomist. M. J. Otey Clerk; W. T. McDonald .Animal Husbandman.! Roy C. Potts Dairymam W. R. Wright Assistant Bacteriologist J. S. Malone. . Assistant in Animal Husbandrjr W. L. Burlison .Assistant Agronomist ^HE COLORED AGRICULTURAL AND NORMAL UNI- VERSITY. The Colored Agricultural and Normal University is located in Langston, HLogan County, Oklahoma, and was established by the legislature of 1897 for •the purpose of giving the negro educational advantages in one state institu tion that would combine the features of all the institutions of higher learn ing for the whites. This institution has served its purpose well and has proved the wisdom RESOURCES. The current and permanent support of the University is derived from: 1. Legislative appropriation. 2. One-tenth of one-third of the proceeds from the rental of section 13 reserved by Congress for the benefit of institutions of higher learning. 3. One-tenth of the "Morrill Fund." Also the enabling act gave to the University 100,000 acres of land in ^western Oklahoma. The first legislature of the State of Oklahoma very generously appro priated a fraction over $41,000 for the maintenance of the University for the .year 1908-1909, which amount, added to the income for the rental of section .3.3 and from the "Morrill Fund," raises the total annual income to $48,000. '-To relieve the overcrowded condition due to the destruction by fire of ilEhe main building in November, 1907, and to the increased attendance, the fsame legislature also appropriated $77,000 for the erection of a new main Ibwilding and for additional improvements. Thus, in the first year of statehood and in the tenth year of its estab lishment, the University has become a large and potential plant in the edu cational development of Oklahoma. BUILDINGS. "The University possesses five principal buildings: the Mechanical Build ing, two dormitories for young women, a dormitory for young men and the president's residence. The main building, which contained commodious VIEW OF THE COLORED A. & M. UNIVERSITY. COLORED A. AND N. UNIVERSITY, LANGSTON, OKLA. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 21 recitation rooms, laboratories, the library and the assembly hall, was de stroyed by fire Nov. 23, 1907. An appropriation of $77,000 has been made by the legislature for the construction of a new and larger building in its stead, in which ample accommodations will be provided for all of the academic ^work of the University. A large and model barn and other facilities offer exceptional advantages for training in agriculture. LIBRARY AND LABORATORIES. Previous to the destruction by fire of the main building the University possessed a well-equipped library and well-appointed laboratories. These -will be restored and very much enlarged and improved immediately upon the completion of the new building. The equipment saved from the fire, •with that since added, is even now fairly adequate to the ordinary needs of the several departments. In the Mechnical, Agricultural and Domestic Science Departments the equipment is excellent and is increasing steadily. COURSES OFFERED. 1. Agriculture. (1) College Course. (2) Two Years' Course. 2. College. (1) Agricultural. (2) Architectural. (3) Classical. (4) Mechanical and Electrical. (5) Scientific. 3. Normal. 4. Preparatory. 5. Elementary. 6. Trade Courses. (1) Blacksmithing. (2) Carpentry. (3) Foundry practice. (4) Machinist. (5) Steam Engineering. (6) Cooking. (7) Dressmaking. (8) Millinery- (9) Plain Sewing. 22 - SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OP THE MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY, OKLAHOMA COLORED AGRICULTURAL AND NORMAL UNIVERSITY. Langston, Okla. Name Position Salary Inman E. Page .President $1,800 John L. Love Vice-President, L atin and Greek...... 1,000 Ada Hawes English and English Literature...... 900 Aaron J. Starnes Superintendent Mechanical Department.'." 900 Edward A. AVard Civics and Political Economy 900 Horace F. Mitchell Mathematics 900 William A. Hinton Science .• 840 Luther L. Henderson...... Vocal Music and Philosophy 840 F. D. Busbee Agriculture .• . 840 Zelia N. Breaux.. Instrumental Music 780 Mary Lee McCary Dc mestic Economy .-. 780 Electa M. Longdon Assistant Reading and Drawing GC0 Paralee V. Lucas Assistant Reading and Arithmetic. GOO J. R. Johnson Assistant in Mathematics 840 J. E, Evans Assistant Domestic Economy 720 Cora B. Burks Assistant Domestic Economy 540 Hillard D. Harris. .• Assistant Machine Work 720 Sumner George Assistant Woodworking . 720 AV. AV. Pearson. . . Assistant Blacksmithing 720 Zelia R. Page Matron 840 Alexander Morris Secretary to President 540 S. Douglas Russell Advertising agent 300 J. C. Mebane In charge of Boys' Dormitory 450 P. T. Zeigler Head farmer 840 Total enrollment for 1907-1908 405 Value of equipment, buildings, etc $100,000 Maintenance appropriation fcr 1908-1909 30,670 New building appropriation 65,000 Estimated income from land rentals ^ 3,477 REGENTS FOR THE COLORED A. & N. UNIVERSITY. James Menefee Guthrie D. F. Banks Enid E. D. Cameron Guthrie U. C. Guss Guthrie James Rouce Hitchcock OFFICERS OF THE BOARD. James Menef ee President D. F. Banks Secretary John L. Mitch, Guthrie Clerk PRESIDENT I. E. PAGE. 1#::-f'M STATE NORMAL SCHOOLS. We have, three State normal schools, located as follows: The Central Normal School, founded by the legislative act of the assembly of 1890; the Northwestern, at Alva, established by the legislative assembly of 1897, and the Southwestern Normal established at AVeatherford and opened in Sep tember, 1903. During the year of 1908 Prof. Walter L. Ross was elected president of the Northwestern Normal; Prof, J. F. Sharp of Geary was elected president of the Southwestern Normal, and Superintendent J. A. MeLauchlin, president of the Central Normal. All of these gentlemen are prominent educators, with many years of successful experience to their credit in teaching and managing schools. All of these schools are in good condition, and are doing splendid work. During the present year the new $50,000 Science Hall at Alva was com pleted and occupied by the school, but the increased attendance of the Northwestern Normal is taxing the utmost capacity of both the present buildings now in use and it will be necessary for.the legislature in January to make an appropriation for another building. The very marked increase in attendance, and the prospect for a continu ance of that increase, makes it necessary that the Northwestern Normal have a new building to take care of the students as they should be cared for. An Industrial Hall should be built to properly provide for the departments of Agriculture, Domestic Science, Manual Training, Domestic Art and the Commercial Department. At present some of these departments are located in the basement of the old building, while others are in very cramped quarters. The last legislature very generously appropriated $100,000 for erecting a new Science Hall for the Southwestern Normal at AVeatherford, and the board of regents hopes to let a contract for this building at the earliest date possible. At the present time several departments have to attempt their work in the same room and the results obtained are far from satisfactory- Both the basement and the garret of the present building have been fitted up with class rooms and are being used for school purposes. The Central Normal School at Edmond is also in a crowded condition, and more room, as well as additional teachers, are needed. Inasmuch as the constitution very wisely provides for teaching Agricul ture in all our schools, I would respectfully suggest that the section of school land adjoining the campus of the Normal School at Edmond be given 24 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE to that school, and that additional lands as conveniently located as possible be secured for the other normal schools. Inasmuch as that part of Oklahoma formerly known as Oklahoma Terri tory has three State normal schools, and whereas that part of the State- formerly known as Indian Territory is without State institutions of any kind and suffers from great need of trained teachers, I therefore renew my recommendation for the establishment of three normal schools in. that sec tion of the State. The constitution, in section 7 of article (Till, stipulates that tha legisla ture shall provide for the teaching of the Elements of Agriculture, Horti culture, Stock Feeding and oDmestic Science in the common schools tf the State, and the last legislature very wisely appropriated the sum cf $2,500 to each of the three normal schocls for the sum:rt and maintenance of these departments, Of this amount $1,400 was apportioned fcr the salary of an instructor in Domestic Science, leaving cnly $1C0 for the equipment of the two departments. In view of this fact, both departments are very poorly equipped, and I recommend that this appropriation be increased by the next legislature to $5,000 for each of the three normal schools. The State normal schools are under the control of a board of regents,, consisting of the State superintendent cf public instruction and the State- treasurer, ex officio, and three members appointed by the Governor. The members of the present board are as follows: State Superintendent E. D. Cameron President J. B. Mosley Sulphur A. S. Wyly ' Tahlequah; James A. Menef ee Treasurer D. S. Rose Blackwell The board at its first meeting elected John L. Mitch clerk and secretary. The financial statement of the president of each of the normal schools is herewith attached and made a part of this report: Edmond, Oklahoma. Hen. E. D. Camercn, Guthrie, Okla. Dear Sir: I hand you herewith a list cf the teachers and employees, and their salaries, together with the total enrollment for last year. Beginning with the enrollment for last year, which was 1,146, would say.. in answer to your letter of the 27th instant, the prospective enrollment for this year is 1,400; value of buildings and grounds with equipment, about $150,000; estimated income is from two sources: appropriation of State legislature and rent on school lands, $50,000 (about). Yours very truly, J. A. M'LAUCHLIN. MECHANICAL BUILDING, A. AND N. UNIVERSITY, LANGSTON, O.CLA. CENTRAL NORMAL SCHOOL. Edmond, Oklahoma. ORGANIZATION AND HISTORY. The Central Normal, Oklahoma's oldest and largest State institution, -was established at Edmond by act of the legislature of 1890, in an unfin ished church building. Oklahoma County donated $5,000 in bonds and a prominent citizen of Edmond donated forty acres of land. These two dona tions fulfilled the conditions imposed by the legislature. In addition, how ever, the city of Edmond donated $2,000 in bonds. NORTH BUILDING. The first normal building, constructed of brick, was completed in 1893; the wings, built of stone, were erected in 1894 and 1895. In order to raise the money for this building, the board of regents sold thirty-seven acres of the land donated to the Normal, and the legislature appropriated $15,000. The north building, thus constructed, contains sixteen classrooms, a large room for the manual training department, and a large gymnasium. The interior of this building has been remodeled so as to adapt it to the .needs of the training department. The department of Biology and the department of Music, Vocal and Instrumental, have also been transferred to this building. SOUTH BUILDING. To relieve the crowded condition and to increase the facilities for in struction, the legislative assembly of 1903 made an appropriation of $40,000 for the erection of an additional building. The plans for the new building are in accord with the highest attainments in modern educational facilities. The structure is built of pressed brick and stone, is three stories high and contains the following rooms: An assembly hall of over 800 seating capacity; two cloak rooms (with toilet) adjacent to assembly hall, two laboratories, reception hall, president's office, regents' room, library, reading room and thirteen recitation rooms. This constitutes the main building and is especially adapted to normal-school purposes. HEATING PLANT. Both the buildings are heated throughout with steam from a heating plant erected in 1904. This is located about 200 feet away from the other buildings, thus removing all danger from fire or explosion. This steam plant also furnishes water for the laboratories, lavatories, toilet rooms and baths for the other buildings. LOCATION. Edmond is a beautiful, college town of 2,500 people, has an abundance ' NEW COURSES. The board of regents have recently added the departments of Agriculture, Horticulture, Domestic Science and Commercial Branches. Competent, in- •structors have been elected for each of these departments and suitable appa ratus has been purchased and is being installed. LIBRARY AND READING ROOM. The Normal is provided with an excellent library, consisting of a large number of reference books, as well as books of general literature. The library is conducted on the latest approved lines affording the student the opportunity of the laboratory method of study and investigation. It is well equipped with books that supplement the work of the several departments. In connection with the library is a commodious reading-room, well sup plied with the leading periodicals of the day, including daily papers, week lies and a large and well-selected list of magazines. Both the library and the reading room are open to all students every day except Sunday. REGULAR NORMAL COURSE. The regular normal course of this institution is now based upon units. A unit is one subject carried a full term of thirteen weeks. Units are of two kinds—majors and minors. Majors are such subjects as Language, Mathematics, History, Science and the professional branches; minors are Vocal Music, Drawing and Reading. For graduation, seventy-two major units and eleven minor units are necessary. As outlined below, sixty-three of the major units, given in the column marked required, are prescribed, and nine are chosen by the student from the list marked elective. The minors are all required. Twelve major units and three minor units will constitute a year's work, making the course Fix years in length, as in the past, but strengthening it to the amount of three major units and two minor units. Required Units. Elective Units. Arithmetic 2 Spherical Trigonometry 1 Algebra ' 4 Astronomy 2 'Geometry 4 Higher Arithmetic 1 Bookkeeping and Penmanship 2 Algebra 2 English 12 Surveying 1 Civics 1 Commercial Geography 1 American History 3 English 3 Ancient History 3 Science of Government '3 Physiology 1 English History 3 Zoology 2 American History 3 Botany 2 European History 3 Agriculture 1 Physiology 1 Chemistry 2 Psychology 1 28 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Physics 3 Botany 1 Geography 1 Zoology 1 Methods and Management 1 Agriculture 2 Physical Geography 1 Chemistry 2 Latin 6 Geology 2 Additional units of Foreign Lan- Manual Training 6 guage 3 Latin 12. Psychology 2 German 12 Philosophy and History of Educa- French 12. tion 2 Spanish 12 Plane Trigonometry 1 Political Economy 3 Domestic Science 1 Minors. Practice Teaching 3 Vocal Music 3 — Drawing 3 63 Reading 5 11 In choosing electives the student will be directed by the president of the school or by a committee of the faculty. MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY CENTRAL STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. Edmond, Oklahoma. Name Position Salary James A. McLauchlin .President . .$2,600 S. M. Barrett. . . .. Vice-president and Pedagogy 1,800- Richard Thatcher .Mathematics (emeritus) 1,000 F. C. Kent Mathematics 1,400 Isaac H. Hughes Latin 1,400' John Davis Chemistry and Physics 1,400 J. E. Conder Biology 1,400 L. F. Abbott History 1,400 Sallie G. Abernathy English 1,400- Lula A. Barr Psychology 1,400 Thomas R. Corr Geography and Geology 1,400 W. H. Wood Political Science 1,400- J. C. Adamson Agriculture 1,400 F. C. Oakes., ...... Modern Languages 1,400 Oscar J. Lehrer Director of Music 1,200 Lucie E. Stainback .Vocal Music 1,200 V. O. Wilson .Manual Training 1,200 R. V. Temming .Commercial Department 1,200 Marilla Adams Drawing and Painting l,20O • STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 2© Hettie Starr Domestic Science l,00G-» J. B. Crabbe Oratory i,O0C> Minnie E. Puntenney Critic Teacher 1,000 • Clara R. Cook Kindergarten 1,00€> Ophelia E. Overstreet English (assistant) ...• 1,200' Bess M. Brown Piano 90* Rose Mary Belt Latin (assistant) - l^OOO- Etta Bilby Piano (assistant) . ~ 7S»» J. B. Dudek (for Lula Benn)..Piano (assistant) 75fi'> DeBernia Rogers Critic teacher <^.. - ?56> Ruby Canton Librarian > > 75-G> Harry Hughes Physical Director for boys * 60€> Peyton Brown Registrar and Secretary • 600> M. A. Hunt Janitor South Building • 72C^ J. G. Smith Janitor North Building 450' T. F. Thassler Engineer ?2> Total $S9»?9fo Value of building and grounds $150,00'&' Appropriations for 1908-1909 $4Q,19e» Estimated enrollment for 1908-1909 1.2JJ Income from school land rentals. • • • $li',59« ^ -.' Si|P CENTRAL STATE NORMAL SCHOOL, James A. McLauchlin, president. , :.=-: $?.iS.h ,.,-,,*: . NORTHWESTERN NORMAL SCHOOL. Alva, Oklahoma. The Northwestern Normal School was established by an act of the terri torial legislature of 1897, and was located at Alva, Oklahoma, and an act of •the First legislature of the State of Oklahoma has confirmed the North -western State Normal School as one of the permanent State educational institutions. The school now enters upon its career under statehood, en larged by the addition of many important departments of instruction, and is prepared to offer to its students enlarge opportunities for education, such as will enable its graduates to measure up to the modern reuirements •of intensive as well as extensive scholarship. BUILDING AND EQUIPMENT. The school plant at present consists of three buildings situated upon a beautiful tract of forty acres on the south side of the town. The campus, coccnpying a gently rolling hill, is, with its buildings, a conspicuous sight which attracts the eye of the stranger approaching Alva. The First Normal Building was erected in 1898, at a cost of more than S$!:00:,000 and is easily the handsomest school edifice in the southwest. This founding -during the coming year will be occupied by the departments of English Mathematics, History, Geography, Oratory, Music, Fine Arts, Do mestic 'Science and Arts, Agriculture and Commerce, and will contain the administrative offices of the president and registrar. An auditorium with a seating capacity of 800 is the most conspicuous feature of the interior of the 'bmrarng. The "Science Hall is a commodious building devoted to the departments frjf "Biology, Thysical Science, Manual Training, Pedagogy and Training School, "ajvd. the Library. It is fitted with ample equipment in laboratories for Chemistry, Physics, Zoology and Botany, with the Museuf of Natural History, -and with shops of Manual Training. The most modern system «Of plumbing provides water, gas, sewerage and electric lights and power for the purposes named above. This building contains an auditorium (which *seats TSUO), fitted for stereopticon illustration of scientific lectures. The central heating plant, erected at a cost of $20,000, is designed to furnish "heat to the buildings now in use or to such as may hereafter be constructed. The boilers and engines have ample capacity, and the design •of the buildings includes room for the electric plant soon to be installed. The athletic field is an inclosure on the south side of the campus, within -which all games are played. It contains an amphitheater with a seating capacity of 1,000. Extensive progress has been made in the beautifying of the campus. WALTER LEE Ross BASKET BALL GIRLS, NORTHESTERN NORMAL, ALVA, OKLA. MAIN BUILDING, NORTHWESTERN NORMAL, ALVA, OKLA. •,m *': " STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 31 Groups of trees have been planted in suitable places, and no effort is being; spared in the cultivation of these trees to exemplify what can be done im the forestation of Oklahoma. COURSE OF STUDY. The school offers for the ensuing year a greater variety and number of courses than ever before. We believe that a college for teachers should! include in its curriculum instruction on every subject which the teachers- are likely to be called on to teach. Therefore, courses in the department® of Agriculture, Bookkeeping and Typewriting and Domestic Science have been added. REPORT OF NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL- During the years 1907-1908 there were 825 students enrolled. This is b$r far the largest enrollment in the history of the school. At this date— October 29—there have been 624 enrolled, including 150 in the Model' School. Last year at this date there were 287, exclusive of the Model School, This shows an increase of more than 60 per cent over the same time last, year. If the same rate of increase is kept up we will enroll more than 1,20C> in all departments this year. Last year eighteen counties and six statee were represented in our enrollment. This year, so far, twenty-three coun ties and five states are represented in our school. It is safe to say that the number of counties represented this year will be at least 50 per cent greater- than that of last year. There is no doubt that, with proper legislation, this, school will, within a very short time, take rank with the very best normals:; in the United States. Although the Science Hall was completed only a year ago, every room in* it, as well as the main building, is occupied—and more room is badly needed... Although the main building cost only $85,000, it could not be built at present, for $125,000. The Science Hall was built at a cost of $55,000. The heating: plant cost about $15,000. The equipment of the buildings cost approxi mately $50,000. This includes the 6,000 volumes in the library. Upon the return of Professor Stevens from Alaska we will have the best-equipped! museum in the Southwest. The entire plant is worth about $275,000. The appropriation for this school for this year for all purposes was? $44,400, which is considerably less than will be needed. The legislature should pass an emergency appropriation for equipment and ruamfngf ex penses that will be absolutely necessary for the success of the schooL Respectfully submitted, WALTER L. ROSS, President:. 32 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE ^MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY, NORTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. Alva, Oklahoma. Name Position Salary ""Walter L. Ross President $2,600 "Win. Z. Smith Vice-president and Professor of Pedagogy 1,800 3E. A. Herod. . Professor of Mathematics. . .". 1,400 ILulu Eddy Assistant Professor of Mathematics 1,000 lisom Roberts Professor of Psychology and Pedagogy. . . 1,400 SVank Wyatt Professor of History 1,400 U. J. Griffith Professor of English. . 1,400 IL-sicy Haskell First assistant of English 1,000 3da D. Pritchett Second assistant of English 1,000 <$}•. F. Brommel Professor of Modern Languages 1,400 •Qtto W. Jeffries Professor of Latin .. .' 1,400 -Archibald Belcher Professor of Physics and Chemistry 1,400 $L W. Stevens Professor of Biology 1,400 JH. M. Colvin .Professor of Geography and Geology. . . . 1,400 CSIark Woodward Professor of Manual Training 1,400 JL. *&. Vinson Professor of Agriculture 1,400 «Oscar Bogue .Director of Music and Professor of Violin 1,200 IHesrietta Pyle Professor of Vocal Music . 1,200 IBessie Brewer Professor of Piano 1,200 JAda ©i Woodward Assistant Professor of Piano 750 IP-. F_ Brown Professor of Commercial Branches 1,200 IDeRosette Thomas Professor of Domestic Science 1,000 .Mary Abrams Professor of Oratory 1,000 ...jjennie Edwards Professor of Kindergarten 1,000 IBlaaGhe Bussey Critic Teacher Model School 900 l^tsSla Earnest ...... Assistant Critic Teacher Model Scnool. . . 900 Msfoel Vandiver Professor of Drawing. 750 JKXbe Ross Librarian . 900 ..Mrs. Katherine Hinde RobertsGirls' Matron ...... ,..; 900 3£ate "Elliot .Registrar and Secretary 900 •^Wto- Vetter Engineer, and custodian of buildings and grounds 1,000 Mrs. Wm. Vetter...... Janitor 600 .John L. Mitch Secretary to Board of Regents 400 'Total enrollment, for 1907-1908 is 790 "Value of buildings and grounds $275,000 -Appropriation for 1907-1908, including school land rentals 44,400 L-Heome from school-land rentals 11,590 SCIENCE HALL, NORTHWESTERN NORMAL SCHOOL, ALVA, OKLAHOMA. SOUTHWESTERN NORMAL SCHOOL. Weatherford, Oklahoma. The Southwestern Normal School is located in the city of Weatherford,. in the midst of one of the most promising sections of the State. The main line of the Choctaw Railroad passes through the city, connecting, on the east, at Geary, and on the west at Clinton with the Orient and Frisco roads. This makes the Normal easily accessible from all points in the Southwest. NORMAL SCHOOL BUILDING. The building, a modern structure of pressed brick, situated on an emi nence overlooking the entire city, is easy of access from all directions, and is surrounded by perfect sanitary conditions. It has a campus of forty acres, beautified with trees and elegant driveways. The views of the sur rounding country from the building is inspiring. The building contains seventeen recitation rooms, one large auditorium, a reception room, the president's office, library and reading room, music rooms, physical and chemical laboratories, and wardrobes for the accom modation of students. The rooms are all large, well lighted and perfectly ventilated. The entire building is heated with steam, furnished with elec tric lights and supplied with an abundance of pure water from the city waterworks and from a well of pure soft water. GYMNASIUM. In the basement a department is fitted up for the men and one for women, each being supplied with toilet rooms, lavatories and shower bath. A gymnasium has been thoroughly equipped with latest and most approved apparatus: dumbbells, Indian clubs, horizontal bars, parallel bars, trapeze, flying, rings, climbing i opes, etc. LIBRARY AND READING ROOM. For the use of all connected with the school we have an excellent library and reading room containing more than 8,500 volumes. REPORT OF SOUTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. Weatherford, Oklahoma, Nov. 20, 1908. To the Hon. E. D. Cameron, State Superintendent of Schools, Guthrie, Oklahoma. Dear Sir: In submitting to you my annual report of the Southwestern State Normal School, I wish to call attention to the following encouraging features: Our enrollment at present is about 25 per cent greater than that of any previous year at the same time in the session. We have, in the main, a fine student body, doing faithful, earnest work. 34 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Our faculty is efficient and progressive, working in hearty co-operation with us for the success of our school. The new departments installed this year by our board of regents are- well organized and doing excellent work. The popularity of these depart ments and the superior work they have been doing from the very beginning: is proof of the wisdom of the board in their establishment. The crowded condition of every department, and the rapidly increasing; attendance (we are enrolling students every week) are indications of the urgent need of the Southwestern for more room and better equipment. That the board of regents has already anticipated these conditions and our consequent needs is manifest by the magnificent appropriation secured from our last legislature for the erection of a new and commodious building. In expressing our gratitude for this timely appropriation we wish to ex press the hope that the funds for this purpose may soon be available, so that relief from the congested condition may be had as soon as possible, and that thereby the Southwestern may be enabled to do the great work that her large field, with its rapidly increasing population, demands. Evidences of this need of additional room may be seen from the follow ing conditions: In the Department of Miusic, with every teacher of this department work ing every period of each day, Saturday forenoons included, and with every- piano in constant use, there are more than fifty applications for instruction in this department that cannot be accommodated. Likewise, in the Department of Expression, the teaching force is inade quate to meet the demands. In conclusion, we wish to say that the appointment of a matron was both wise and timely. Our matron exerts an influence that is helpful, not only in the imme diate school life of our girls, but one that will be far reaching in its results, Respectfully submitted, J. F. SHARP, President. 'STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 35 PRESIDENT J. F. SHARP. SOUTHWESTERN NORMAL SCHOOL—WEATHERFORD, OKLAHOMA. .36 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY, SOUTHWESTERN STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. Weatherford, Oklahoma. Name Position Salary J. F. Sharp President .' ?2,600 1ST. S. Cowart Vice-president and History and Civics.. 1,800 W. S. Bryan Pedagogy, head of Training School 1,400 R. E. L. Burks .Latin 1,400 C T. Dowell Chemistry and Physics 1 1,400 E. P. Downing English Grammar and Composition 1,400 •C. B. Blake Biology 1,400 G. W. Bohanan..... Assistant Mathematics, Geology and Ge ography 1,400 T. A. Gross English Language and Literature 1,400 R. T. House. . .'. Modern Languages 1,400 G. W. Kirby Mathematics 1,400 George Sanders Assistant in Latin 1,200 C. L. Scott Agriculture 1,200 L. P. Whitcomb Manual Training 1,400 Edna Maddox Commercial Department 1,200 A. M. Schulz Athletic Director and Asst. in German. . . 1,100 Mamie Davis Domestic Science 1,000 Ella D. Trimble Drawing 900 George Landrum Expression and Oratory 1,200 J. W. Bremer Head of Music Department 1,200 Forrest Schulz Violin 1,000 Jane Porter Sloss First assistant in Piano 900 Willie Abernathy Head Piano Department 1,200 Nancy Lee Goodman Piano 1,200 M. Quigley Librarian 750 Nellie Broad Secretary to the President and Registrar 750 Cynthia Dunstan Matron 900 Charles Bargsley Janitor 875 Ed Daves Assistant Janitor 600 Enrollment for Year 1907-1908. Regular Normal Department 580 Training School and Kindergarten 81 Total 661 Value of buildings and grounds $100,000 Appropriation for buildings 100,000 Appropriation for current expenses . 34,075 Income from school land rentals 11,590 Enrollment last year 661 Estimated enrollment this year 800 OKLAHOMA UNIVERSITY PREPARATORY SCHOOL. Tonkawa. Oklahoma. GENERAL INFORMATION. The Oklahoma University Preparatory School was founded and located at Tonkawa by the following enactment of the territorial legislature, ap proved March 8, 1901: "There is hereby created and established a University Preparatory School for the Territory of Oklahoba, which shall be located within one mile from the corporate limits of the town of Tonkawa, in Kay County, in the Territory of Oklahoma, to be known as the University Preparatory School," Complying with the conditions of the act relative to a campus, the town of Tonkawa donated to the territory twenty acres of land adjoining the town on the east. Upon this site the first board of regents constructed a sub stantial four-story building, Central Hall, cf limestone and pressed brick, admirably adapted to its purpose and containing the maximum available space. The school opened in September, 1902, with a faculty of seven instructors and an enrollment of 227 students. During the year the number of students increased to 315, and three additional teachers were employed. The school has already outgrown its building. To relieve the overcrowded condition, the legislature of 1905 made an appropriation of $60,000 for additional buildings. The buildings were begun In September, 1906, and by September, 1907, both the heating plant and South Hall were completed. During the year 1908-1909 the faculty was composed of twenty-two in structors. The enrollment was 478. BUILDINGS. The first floor of Central Hall is devoted to the Industrial Arts, the Manual Training Department occupying two completely equipped shops, the Department of Domestic Science having a kitchen laboratory, a dining- room and a sewing room. The second floor is devoted to Mathematics, Agriculture, Drawing and Art, and the MoMdern Languages. The Crimson Rambler office, also, is on this floor. The third floor is used by the Commer cial School and the Department of Latin and Greek. The Y. M. C. A. rest room is on this floor. Music and society halls occupy the fourth floor. In Wilkin Hall there are also four floors: On the first are the gymnasium, 65x70 feet, two bathrooms, the armory and threerooms; on the second, the two offices and reception room, the library and reading room, the cloak and -38 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE toilet rooms, and the auditorium, with a seating capacity of 1,000 persons; on the third are the Biological laboratory and classroom, the Physics and Chemistry laboratories, the shore room and several classrooms. The fourth floor is occupied by the Music Department. The heating plant contains two furnaces and two boilers, coal bin, heater and hot-water tank and the mechanic's shop. SUPPORT. The school is supported: 1. Legislative appropriation. 2. One-eighth of "Section 13 Fund, State Educational Institutions." The enabling act and the constitution gave to the school 150,000 acres of lands in western Oklahoma as a permanent endowment. A special act of congress, approved June 29, 1906, donated to the school section 33, adjacent to the town on Tonkawa, for building purposes. TONKAWA. Tonkawa, recently made a city of the first class, is in the southwestern part of Kay County, on the Hunnewell branch of the Santa Fe route. It is located on an elevation in the Salt Fork Valley, is surrounded by some of the finest agricultural land in Oklahoma, has an excellent supply of water, and is a most healthy locality. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 39 PRESIDENT J. H. KELLY. UNIVERSITY PREPARATORY SCHOOL—TONKAWA, OKLAHOMA. 40 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE PURPOSE, SCOPE AND AIMS. The main purpose of the school is stated in the act of 1901, as follows: "The purpose of such school (the University Preparatory School) shall be to provide instruction for the students of Oklahoma, which will prepare said students for a university course of study." The institution provides for the latest and best things in' secondary edu cation. Besides the regular Classical, Scientific, Modern Language and Com mercial College preparatory courses, it has thoroughly equipped depart ments for the teaching of Art, Domestic Science and Domestic Art, Manual Training, Military Science and Tactics, and Music. It employs tkenty-five teachers, all college or university graduates, professionally trained and tested by experience. The musical faculty is especially strong, and easily ranks with those of the best eastern schools. Among the best things, too,, are the completely equipped laboratories for Physics, Chemistry and Biology. In these laboratories everything may be found that is necessary to the most acceptable and effective teaching. Then there is the gymnasium containing the latest modern appliances and managed by a trained physical director,. whose especial business is the correct physical culture of all the students. For students of a practical turn of mind, or who, under "necessity's hard pinch," must soon begin to earn money, there is a short commercial course to be completed in one year, and a course of one year in Stenography. Both of these are conducted by specialists, in offices fully equipped for practical work. The school boasts a library of 5,000 carefully selected, usable volumes. These books are housed in a well-lighted, elegantly furnished room. Here,. also, may be found the dailies of the state and most of the important current periodicals. The lecture and entertainment course, conducted by the school, and made possible by the excellent auditorium, is another means of general culture. It is so well patronized that the very best talent is brought to the school each year. The aims of the school are: 1. To create a thoroughly democratic spirit characterized by self-respect^ regret for others and correct ideals of life. 2. To awaken in all student's, by the right sort of teaching, an interest in serious intellectual pursuits, so that all will desire a university education. 3. To train the students for adjustment to their environments, so that they may render efficient social service. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION. 1. All students who have diplomas from the common schools are ad mitted to the regular first-year work without examination. 2. Eighth-grade promotion cards from graded schools are accepted, in lieu of common-school diplomas. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 41 "3. Students from high schools who present certificates showing satis factory records in branches completed, are admitted and classified tempo rarily on such certificates. 4. All other applicants for admission must take an examination in the following subjects: Reading, Spelling, Grammar, Arithmetic, United States History and Geography, and must make a general average of 75 per cent, with no branch below 60 per cent. The financial statement of President J. H. Kelly is herewith attached and made a part of this report: OKLAHOMA UNIVERSITY PREPARATORY SCHOOL. Tonakawa, Okla., Oct. 29, 1908. Hon. E. D. Cameron, Guthrie, Oklahoma. Dear Sir: I am sending, in response to your request, an estimate of the value of the buildings, grounds and equipment of the University Preparatory School and a statement of the funds available for the school year 1908-1909. You will notice that I have not named the income from the University Preparatory School grant. My last advice from Mr. L. D. Marr was that there is slightly over $3,000 in this fund at present. Perhaps you can get from him an estimate of the income for the year. A few days ago I sent you the names of our faculty and employes and their salaries. If this list did not reach you, please notify me that I will send a duplicate. In case you desire a statement more in detail in regard to our equipment, let me know, and I shall be pleased to send it to you. Very respectfully, J. H. KELLEY, President. P. S.—My estimate on this year's enrollment is 550. UNIVERSITY PREPARATORY SCHOOL. Tonkawa, Oklahoma. Name Position Salary J. H. Kelley President $2,500 G. W. Finley Geometry, Trigonometry and Surveying 1,400 Margaret Sue Burney Arithmetic and Algebra 900 Lulu A. Sours General and English History 1,000 Samuel Quigley English and American Literature 1,000 Anna R. Todd Composition and Rhetoric 900 Lois Borland Grammar and Composition 900 J. Rothenberger German, French and Spanish 1,000 F. L. Black Latin and Greek 1,000 F. B. Isely Biology 1,400 H. L. Olin Physics and Chemistry 1,200 E. C. Bohon Manual Training 1,400 -A. L. Peer Bookkeeping, Office Practice and Pen- Vira E. Cass manship 1,200 Stenography and Typewriting '900 42 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Charles C Straehling Civics, Commercial Law and Commercial Geography : 1,200 Richard Welton Piano and Advanced Harmony 1,400 Mazie Dickerson Piano and Elementary Harmony. 675 Frank W. Gillis Vocal Music 1,000 Jacob Sauerwein Band and Orchestra 1,000 H. L. Eno Oratory and Debate 1,100 Frank Sangster Drawing and Art 1,000 Ella Hazel Clarlc Domestic Science and Domestic Art 900 Clyde B. Crusan •.. .. Military Science and Tactics 600 A. W. Briggs Physical Training 1,200 E. J. Lowe Agriculture 1,300 J. D. Bashor Head janitor 600 E. G. Campbell Fireman and mechanic 735 Essie Bradshaw ;.. .Secretary to President 600 Rose L. Wolfe Librarian 540 Jennie H. Cole Assistant Librarian 270 Total enrollment for 1907-1908 478 INVENTORY AND PROPERTY RECORD Of the University, Preparatory School, Tonakawa, Okla. 1. Grounds. 1. Campus, twenty acres, valuation $ 9,000.00 2. Section 33, twp. 26N., R. 1 W.; valuation 80,000.00 3. Endowment of 150,000 acres, at $12 1,800,000.00 $1,889,000.00 II. Buildings. L, Central Hall, valuation $23,000.00 2. Wilkin Hall, valuation ' 53,931.00 3. Heating plant, valuation 2,800.00 4. Shop 200.00 79,931.00 III. Equipment. 1. Offices '. $ 496.20 2. Reception room 91.00 3. General furniture and equipment 6,632.46 4. Auditorium 1,361.45 5. Library: Furniture $1,037.65 Books 1,905.00 2,942.65 6. English 82.50 7. History 63.38 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 43 8. Mathematics 332.50 9. Latin 21.50 10. Modern L anguages 3.00 11. Physical Sciences 1,497.05 12. Biological Sciences 1,128.55 13. Manual Training 2,300.42 14. Domestic Science and Art: Domestic Science $323.37 Dining-room 164.90 Domestic Art 85.89 574.16 15. Business 510.65 16. Stenography 941.25 17. Physical Training 1.122.85 18. Military School property 262.50 19. Public speaking 11.25 20. Agriculture 80.70 21. Music 1,304.00 22. Drawing and Art 280.02 23. Society Falls: 1. South Hall 82.17 2. North Hall 124.70 24. Young Woman's rest room 55.70 25. Fireman and janitors' supplies 119.50 22,422.11 r"""ME F~R S^I-KQL YEAR 1908-1909. (Taken from schedule d expenditure." approved Jnne ?6. 1908, by the board of regents ) Ho.u«e bill No. W. appropriation $24,875.00 Sectirn 13 fund st.atQ educational institutions: Apportion for 1908-1909 (estimated) . . $13,038.75 Balance in 1907-1908 apportionment 9,756.04 22,794.79 University Preparatory School grant (income from land grant of 150,000 acres, from June 16, 1906), estimated 15,000.00 Total $62,669.79 PEGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY PREPARTORY SCHOOL. Governor C. N. Haskell Guthrie W. A. Brooks Oklahoma City J. J. Quarrels Fairfax OKLAHOMA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF. Sulphur, Oklahoma. Under an act of the legislature of 190, the Governor of the Territory of Oklahoma was authorized to contract with some one within the territory for care and education of the deaf and dumb of the territory. See Wilson's Revised and Annotated Statutes, chapter 62, article 1.1 and section 28. In SUPERINTENDENT A. A. STEWART. OKLAHOMA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF—SULPHUR, OKLAHOMA. chapter 75, article VIII, section 83, a tax levy is made for the support of the- School for the Deaf and Dumb, as above provided. A contract was made by the Governor of the Territory, and the School STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 45 for the Deaf was opened Sept. 1, 1905, in Guthrie, and was in charge of Superintendent R. N. Dunham until June, 1906. The first general essembly of the State of Oklahoma made an appropria tion of $30,000 for the support and maintenance of the Oklahoma School for the Deaf for the scholastic year ending next June. The board of regents located the school temporarily at Sulphur, Okla homa, and elected Mr. A. A. Stewart of Neodesha, Mo., Superintendent. Mr. Stewart has had a number of years of very successful work in Kansas and other places, and the board was very fortunate in being able to secure his services. A large brick building with modern equipment has been provided by the city of Sulphur for the accommodation of the school, and no better location for the school could be secured in the whole state. Superintendent Stewart's report reads as follows: SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT. Sulphur,' Okla., Oct. 29, 1908. To the Board of Trustees of the Oklahoma School for the Deaf: Gentlemen: The lav/ establishing the Oklahoma School for the Deaf, senate bill No. 342, passed by the First State legislature, provides that the superintendent shall make a biennial report to you "of the educational work and condition of the school, with such recommendation as shall seem to him necessary to secure the greatest service." I have not the data from which to make a report of the work clone in the past two years; but I hope to be able to review this period in my next report. A Contract School. The first provision for the education of the deaf of Oklahoma Territory was made in the act of March 12, 1897, an act for the care of the insane. In the first section of said act was a proviso that "the governor shall also have power, under this act, to contract for the care and education of the deaf, dumb and blind of the Territory of Oklahoma, by parties within the Territory of Oklahoma, out of the funds as may be provided for that pur pose," and a levy of one-twentieth mill each year was made. The school was placed under the control of the board of regents of the territorial nor mal school. In accordance with the above provisions, a contract school was opened in West Guthrie, on Jan. 1, 1898, with H. C. Beamer as superintendent. From his first report it appears that 22 pupils were enrolled, which ex hausted the appropriation made for the school, while there were 28 other applicants who could not be received for lack of funds. It was then esti mated that there were resident in the Territory "60 or 70 deaf and dumb of school age, and about 20 or 30 more who are under and over the ages of 5 to 21." . The next legislature raised the levy to two-fifths of a mill, which enabled 46 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE the superintendent to admit all who applied. Mr. Beamer was continued' as superintendent until 1906, when failing health compelled him to give up the work. He was succeeded by R. N. Dunham, who held the office until the close of the present school school year. Becomes S atate School, During the ten years of the contract school it remained in Guthrie. When Oklahoma became a State, a State School for the Deaf was established, as indicated at the beginning of this report, and the undersigned was chosen as superintendent. The school was temporarily located at Sirlphur on ac count of fine water and many other advantages, and it is hoped that the legislature will make this location permanent. The annual reports of the superintendents, in the past, show that the school has made a constant growth, both in numbers and facilities for doing work. Mr. Beamer and Mr. and Mrs. Dunham, the early promoters of this work in Oklahoma Territory, will always be held in highest esteem by the deaf who were associated with them. I met Mr. Beamer in July last, and obtained from some valuable infor mation about the early history of the school, including papers and pictures.. He was then very feeble, and died August 18. I have been too busily engaged since, in equipping and organizing the school, to get this early history ready for this report; but in my next report I mean to include an accurate and complete review, with illustrations, of the ten years' period during which, the school was located in Guthrie. The Present Term. The opening of the present school year was delayed until September 29, because the three-story brick, building provided by the Commercial Club of Sulphur was not ready for accupancy. We opened with 130 .pupils, and the present enrollment (November 20) is 184. We shall have over 200 before the close of the year. An oral department with five classes and 67 pupils has been organized, in addition to the regular manual classes. Considering the fact that we are in temporary and crowded quarters—not 'constructed to suit our wants—I think we are doing good work. Both teachers and pupils are enthusiastic, and one could net ask that more be done than is being done. There were only 118 enrolled at Guthrie last year. Because of the greatly increased attendance this year we have added seven teachers, making 16 without the art and sewing teachers. Colored Department. Two cottages have been rented a few blocks from the main school build ing, where the colored department of the school is maintained. The enroll ment consists of three boys and three girls, under the care of a competent colored man teacher. The children board in a private family in one of the STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 47 •cottages, ande are in every way as well provided for as are the white children. Officers and Teachers. Below will be found a list of officers and teachers employed, with salaries of same, board being included, except where otherwise specified: GENERAL OFFICERS. Superintendent, A. A. Stewart, twelve months $1,400 Matron, Mrs. Emily Huff, twelve months 600 Stenographer, Miss Elizabeth Field, twelve months (not including board) 420 Boys' supervisor, Guard S. Price, nine months 315 Assistant boys' supervisor, Clarence Stuard, nine months 225 Girls' supervisor,- Miss Grace Myers, nine months 225 Assistant girls' supervisor, Edna Patch, nine months 225 Hall attendant, Mrs. A. B. Rippy, nine months 162 Hall attendant, Miss Enola Simpson, twelve months 216 Dining-room attendant, Miss Pauline Berg, nine months 180 First cook, Mrs. E. L. Davidson, twelve months 310 Second cook, Mrs. Ida Stone, twelve months 310 Fireman, J. C. Hunt, twelve months( not including board) 600 Boys' night watch, lee Field, twelve months (not including board).... 480 Girls' night watch, Miss Elizabeth Collier, nine months 225 Nurse, Mrs. Ernestine Evans, nine months 225 Laundry attendant, Mrs. Dora Boswell, nine months (not including board) 270 TEACHERS—Manual Department. Miss Edith Brummitt 675 Miss Ivy Myers 495 Miss E'nga Anderson 495 Miss Grace Koehler 495 Miss Ida Worrall 495 Mr. W. W. Sayles 360 Miss Hattie Ren 315 Miss Evelyn Lynes 315 Mr. Morris Hayes 270 Mr. Monroe Ingram, principal colored department 360 TEACHERS—Oral Department. Mrs. Ida L. Hickman 675 Miss Yetta Baggerman 630 Miss Francis Hockensmith 630 Miss Delia Orr 630 48 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Miss Belle Loggins 315 TEACHERS—In dustriai Department. Art, Miss Inis Hall 495 Sewing, Miss Orrell Altman 315 As to Finances. I have no financial statement to make of the last biennial period. On account of small appropriation, your honorable body asked me in July to serve as steward, without additional compensation. Since July 1 the fol lowing amounts have been expended to November 1: Dormitory and bedroom equipment $ 4,344.39 Kitchen, dining-room and laundry equipment 1,090.58 Officers and teachers' salaries 1,265.18 Salaries of all other help 459.91 Food supplies 1,503.47 School books 160.95 Schoolroom equipment 863.58 Office equipment and expenses 149.85 Sundry expenses 302.07 Rent of temporary office and of negro quarters 40.00 Printing 46.30 Library 140.00 Indigent pupils 43.90 Drugs and medical attendance 75.85 Total $10,486.03 I am confident that the cost to the State per capita this year, for care and maintenance, will be nearly $15 less than it would have cost under the old contract plan, and that the pupils will have been much better cared for than they could have been in the old Guthrie home. Future Appropriations. If the legislature this winter permanently locates the school, appropria tions should then be made for building and equipment. There is no reason why Oklahoma should not have as good a school as there is in the United States. The plan should be broad and generous, and advantage should be taken of what has been done in other states. Next year there will be 300 pupils, and within five years there will be 600. There should be land enough to teach agriculture, horticulture and floriculture; and room and facilities for teaching stock-raising, including horses, cattle, hogs and poultry. In addition to general school building, large and small boys' dormitories, large and small girls' dormitories, laundry, hospital, gymnasium, etc., there should be ample provision for teaching the trades, such as carpentering, cabinet- Wooded Scene, Sulphur, Okla.— A. A. Stewart, Sulphur, Okla. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 49 making, harness-making, shoemaking, printing, bartering, baking, painting and paper-hanging for boys, and sewing, cooking, fancy work and painting girls. Perhaps these cannot all be provided at one time; but the plan, from the beginning, should be comprehensive enough to include all of them as the school grows. The most progressive schools in this country have 160 acres of land, and their buildings are erected on the cottage plan. Nothing is too good for the great empire State of Oklahoma, and much pains should be taken In laying the foundations for this school. The legislature should not think of making an appropriation of less than $100,000 each year, for the next biennial period, for buildings and equipment. For care and maintenance, we should have $50,000 each year. The last legislature appropriated $30,000 for care and maintenance; but it did not anticipate that the attendance would be nearly doubled within a year, nor that the new State school would have to be equipped throughout. For these reasons a supplemental appro priation of $30,000 should be made available for the current year. In Conclusion. The supreme object and aim of the management is to reach every deaf child in Oklahoma, and bring it under the advantages of this school. All deaf children in the State are entitled to a free education here. It is the "public school" for the deaf of the State. I desire to thank the board of trustees for its uniform courtesy and hearty co-operation in the work of establishing and organizing the new school; and I pledge you that nothing will be left undone on the part of myself or the other officers and teachers to make the school equal to the best in the land. Respectfully yours, A. A. STEWART, Superintendent. OKLAHOMA SCHOOL OP MINES. Wilburton, Oklahoma. As Oklahoma is rich in minerals and mining is already a great industry rof the State and will become vastly more important as a producer of wealth and a field of employment for the thousands of our citizens, I am very glad that the First general assembly of the State of Oklahoma made an appro priation of $15,000 for the support and maintenance of the Oklahoma School of Mines, which was located at Wilburton, in the heart of one of the richest .mining sections of the State. The Governor has appointed the following members of the board of regents for the Oklahoma School of Mines: j p Connors Canadian Thad Rice Hitchcock J. W. L. Corley Howe We hope this school will be provided with a suitable building and arrange ments made for its opening at an early date. President G. I. Ladd of the Missouri School of Mines at Rolla has been elected president of the Okla homa School of Mines and will begin his duties Jan. 1, 1909. STATE EEFORM SCHOOL FOR YOUTHFUL OFFENDERS. I respectfully recommend that a State industrial reform school of tfe» nature of a juvenile court school or school for youthful offenders, be estab lished, and that this school be under the control of the State board o&~ education. This should be a school to which children guilty of crime ©gr truancy can be sent by the judge of the county court. A STATE SCHOOL FOR DESTITUTE ORPHAN CHILDREN. It is the policy of the State, as it should be, to care for and educate the deaf, dumb and blind children of the State, that they may become self- sustaining and not a public charge when grown, and that they may take their places as citizens of credit to the commonwealth. The same policy suggests that destitute orphans of the State be cared for and educated, that they may be saved from lives of ignorance and crime and developed into useful members of society, and I am glad that the last general assembly made an appropriation of $30,000 for the support and maintenance of the Whitaker Orphans' Home at Pryor Creek, and thus make it a state institution. We hand you herewith Superintendent W. T. AVhitaker's general and financial statement, which is made a part of our report: WHITAKER ORPHANS' HOME. Pryor Creek, Okla,, Nov. 27, 1908. Hon. E. D. Cameron, Guthrie, Okla. Dear Sir: In reply to yours of November 24 concerning a description of our buildings, etc., we have nine buildings, all frame, except the main build ing, which is built of stone, and is used for the girls' dormitories, dining- room, sitting rooms, parlor, sewing room, clothing room and my office. This building is 40x60 and contains fourteen rooms, and is a two-story building having a frame building attached, which we use for a store room and kitchen. The boys' building is * a two-story building with seven rooms, and is 25x40 feet. The hospital is a one-story building with eight rooms, and is 56x28 feet. The bathhouse is 20x40 feet, with two long rooms. .The school building is a structure of 20x40 feet, with two additional rooms, each 20x30. Three small buildings about 16x24: one we use for a wash house, one for drying and ironing, the other for employees' rooms. A barn about 40 feet square and 40 acres of land which I have given to the State. We have 112 children and will have about fifteen more in a few days. We are already crowded. We have three teachers, one principal at a salary of $75 per month, two at a salary of $40 per month each, matron at $50 per month, assistant matron at $25 per month, cook at $30 per month, laundress at $25 per month, night watch at $20 per month, hospital nurse at $25 per month, seamstress at $40 per month, disciplinarian at $25 per month, farmer at $25 per month, superintendent at $100 per month ( which should be $150, STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTIONS 53 instead). All with board included. We need the following buildings: One hospital, with four separate departments, cost about $TT?;JJ*J© One laundry engine and drying house combined, cost about 6.M® Two dormitories, 40x60 feet, to be built immediately, to cost about $8,000 each, total . 10JBOP Two dormitories, 40x60 feet, to be built later on, to cost about $8,000- each, total 1SJ099 (These buildings all to be three stories high, one of the two first- named to contain a dining-room 40x60 feet, storeroom and kitchen.) . One school building with belt fire escapes, with all doors hung from. the outside, to cost about 25.00E) "Water works and heating plant 5>0OG> Printing plant lr50C"> Blacksmith and carpenter tools 1,508> Team, wagon, harness and milk cows 1,00{J> purchase of more land 16>00Ci> Support for 300 children from June 30. i909, to June 30, 1910 30,000 Coal and freight, June 30, 1909, to June 30, 1910 1„00G> Stamps and incidental expenses, June 30, 1909 to June 30, 1910 50® Hospital supplies, June 20, 1909, to June 30, 1910 60Q» Furniture, bedding and fixtures for the two dormitories, kitchen, school building, hospital an^ laundry, June 30, 1909, to June 30, 1910 6,000 Five sewing machines 125;'. Five Oliver typewriters 312.5G> For library 800* Stationery 20G> Two pianos, at $225 450> Instruments and repairs 20G> Improvements and repairs 1,000' Miscellaneous expenses 50O> Telephone and lights 50G> Farm seed and implements 200' Traveling and hotel expenses for superintendent and stenographer... 1,000* Traveling and hotel expenses for the board of trustees 500- Superintendent's salary , l-SOC- Stenographer, bookkeeper, steward and assistant superintendent..... 900' Matrons and assistants „ 1300' Disciplinarian 48(P Nurses for hospital: . * S0f> Cook and assistants 780! Seamstress and assistants 7S65 Engineer 75® 51 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Music teacher 750' Two relief officers 480 Physician 1,200 Principal teacher , 750 Four teachers, $480 each 1,920 Night watch 300 Laundress or laundryman '. 360 Farm superintendent 600 Blacksmith 600 Printer 750 Carpenter 900 We will need for the year commencing June 30, 1910, and ending June 30,. 1911, for laborers, employees, support, etc.: Food, clothing, etc., for 400 children $40,000 Furniture, bedding and fixtures for two dormitories to be built later. . 4,000 Stationery 200 Improvements and repairs 1,000 Miscellaneous expenses 800 Telephone and lights. ! • 700 Traveling and hotel expenses for superintendent and stenographer.. . 1,000 Salary, traveling and hotel expenses for board of trustees 800 Stenographer, bookkeeper, steward and assistant superintendent 900 Superintendent's salary 2,000 Matrons and assistants 1,800 Disciplinarian 480 Nurses for hospital 1,000 Cooks and assistants 780 Seamstress and assistants 780 Engineer 750 Music teacher 750 Four relief officers 960 Physician 1,500 Principal teacher 750 Seven teachers, at $480 each '. 3,360 Night watch 300 Farm superintendent GOO Blacksmith 600 Printer 750 Carpenter 900- We will receive into the institution a great many more children than we have asked support for, but, in my judgment, about 20 children to each 100 received, will be taken away by relatives who are able and will become able- to care for them, and probably we will place some few in homes, where they STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 55 may remain. However, I find about 90 per cent of children placed in homes a failure. The reason I want the number of employees mentioned is to give all boys and girls above 12 one day in school and one day learning a trade. We could turn out blacksmiths, farmers, gardeners, carpenters, printers, laundrymen, laundresses, seamstresses, cooks, painters, engineers, sten ographers, musicians, bookkeepers, nurses, matrons, housekeepers and good husbands and wives, if the State will allow me to manage this home under the plans that I have heretofore laid clown, but we must have em ployees and salaries as mentioned above, in order to do this. My whole soul, mind and strength are in this work, and I believe that God is with me; if so, who can be against me? It's true that the board of trustees have treated me very wrong, but they may get better. If they don't, it would be to the best interests of the home to cut them out and let the State superintendent of schools and commissioner of charities or a state board of regents, together with the superintendent, control. If there should be any further informa tion you desire, write me and I will give it. Yours for the upbuilding of all charitable institutions, W. T. WHITAKER, Superintendent. P. S.—In addition to my letter to you I feel a great interest in colored orphan children and home, and as there is no superintendent, and as the law created an orphans' home for the colored children when my bill was passed, I feel it my duty to ask an appropriation for the Colored Orphans' Home, which I will embody in the appropriation bill for this home. I don't think it would be necessary to make a large appropriation for their home, as I am of the opinion that it will be a number of years before they will ever enroll 50 children. Twenty years in the orphan home work has taught me that the colored people care more for their orphan children than we do. They stand equal to the Indian, as to their orphan children. There is always some one ready and willing to take them. This I firmly believe to be true. The Colored Orphan Home ought to be built on the same plan of our stone building, 40x80 feet, three stories in height, which, if built on the same plan as mine, would cost about $8,000. Therefore, I would recommend the following appropriation: One dormitory, 40x60 feet, and other outbuildings $15,000 One supterintendent 8,000 One matron 480 One farm hand 300 One teacher 480 Support 5,000 Furniture, bedding, fixtures and other necessary things 3,000 In my judgment the same amounts will carry on the home during the !.':S SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE year, commencing June 30, 1910, ending June 30, 1911, unless the support be raised to $7,000. MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY OF THE WHITAKER ORPHANS' HOME. Pryor Creek, Oklahoma. Name Position Salary WJ. T. Whitaker Superintendent $1,200 :Mrs. M. O. Smith .Matron (for girls) 600 IMrs. Mary Kembal Matron (for boys) 300 IMrs. Hattie Hill Hospital nurse 300 :Miss Minnie Hill ..Disciplinarian 180 .Miss Fannie Ridge Seamstress 480 Steve Battles Stenographer 500 JT. B. Smith Night watch 240 X S. R. Colvard .Farmer 300 .Miss Delia Kembal .Gook 360 :Mrs. Elnora Doubledee .Laundress 300 Dr. Carl Puckett .Physician 900 CProf. H. A. Faulkner. Principal 900 JMiss Pixie Mayes First assistant 480 IMiss Lizzie Keys Second assistant 480 Total $7,520 ^Total enrollment for 1908 110 .Appropriation for 1908-1909 39,700 Amount needed next year 130,000 Talue of building and grounds 40,000 TRUSTEES OF THE WHITAKER ORPHANS' HOME. A. L. Hausam Coweta 33en T. LaFayette Checotah Wilson O. Bruton Muldrow X W. Swartz Chelsea W. T. Whitaker Pryor Creek THE OKLAHOMA SCHOOL FOR THE BLIND. Fort Gibson, Oklahoma. The legislature of 1890 gave the Governor of Oklahoma Territory i&s? authority to contract with some person within the Territory to care for and! educate the blind of the Territory. See Wilson's Revised and Annotated Statutes, chapter 62, article II, section 28. In chapter 75, article VIII, section 83, a tax levy is provided for the sup port of a school for the blind of Oklahoma Territory. The tax was mad& as above provided, and in 1908 there was $7,222.23 in the hands of the Stats- treasurer to the credit of a school for the blind, but until the present year- no Governor ever made a contract with any one in accordance with the pro visions mentioned above. It was true, however, that a school for the bUntE was run for some years at Fort Gibson, purely on the basis of a private or charitable school, and I am informed it did good work. I was very much gratified to see the last legislature appropriate the stnxn of $5,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, for the equipment, sup port and maintenance of the Laura A. Lowrey School for the Blind, located at Fort Gibson, Muskogee County, Oklahoma, to be expended by the b-oarcE of education of the State for the maintenance of said institution until sucfei time as the legislature may locate the State School for the Blind. This board elected Prof. George W. Bruce of Tulsa superintendent, of the- institution. The school was opened in October of the present year, and its; enrollment would probably reach 150 by next June, if we had room. The- school is now housed in the old government club house and dance hall at Fort Gibson, which are not adequate for the needs of the institution. The? Second legislative assembly of the State of Oklahoma should make am appropriation large enough to supply the school with modern and commo dious buildings, and the faculty should also be greatly enlarged. We hand you herewith President Bruce's report in reference to tb» present condition of the school: Dec. 1, 19:0f&- To the Honorable State Board of Education: Gentlemen: I have the honor to submit to you my report for the Okla homa School for the Blind. HISTORY. I was elected president of the institution by the State board of education, on the last day of July, 1908, and took up the duties of the position ore tlfee? following day, August 1. Having no statistics or records with whicfe te> 58 SECOND BIENNIAL REPOET OF THE begin, I wrote at once to 650 teachers and pastors, throughout the State, asking their co-operation in locating all of the blind children between the ages of 6 and 21. My efforts, to date, have resulted in locating eighty-three, a number of whom had entered schools for the blind in other states, before the opening of this institution. Owing to local conditions which existed at Fort Gibson, where the school is now located, it Avas impossible to get possession of the property in which to open the school until Oct. 1, 1908, and then two weeks was necessarily consumed in cleaning, repairing and furnishing the building, so that we opened the school on the 15th day of October, 1908. This building afforded space for housing only ten boys and ten girls, after setting apart very lim ited quarters for class work, kitchen, dining-room and living room for teach ers. In about two weeks the boys' side was overflowing with fourteen boys,, six boys having to sleep in three single beds. On the first day of November another building was secured, about one block distant from the first building, and, as soon as it could be repaired and furnished, it was occupied as a boys' dormitory, all of the boys being moved to this building. After ar ranging their schoolroom conditions, which were essential for the success of the work, this allows room for six more girls and four more boys, and they are promised to enter by the first part of January. So far, twenty-two pupils have been enrolled—fifteen boys and seven girls. All these are doing splendidly in every way. Much credit is due to the faithfulness and compet ency of the several teachers now working in the institution. The prospects are that a number of others will also want to enter, and it is hoped that some provision can be made to receive them. Judging by the record of other states, there must be as many as 400* children in Oklahoma who are eligible to admission in this institution. RECOMMENDATIONS. After a careful study of the history and conditions of the schools for the blind in other states, I respectfully recommend that the very best conditions, advantages and opportunities be provided for this, the most helpless class of our citizens, excepting the insane only. Of all our educational institutions probably the largest returns are made on the money invested for the blind. It is a matter of much gratulation that so many who enter these institutions should receive their sight, unler the skillful treatment of specialists; while others, those continuing in blindness, take a good education, and, mean while, having learned some profession or trade, become self-supporting, if not noteworthy successes, in their chosen fields. Location. The selection of the permanent location of this institution should be entirely free from all personal, sentimental and local influences. Only one thought should control in locating this school, and that is, to place it where the helpless blind children of Oklahoma will have the largest number of OKLAHOMA SCHOOL FT. GIBSON, OKLAHOMA STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION #9 the best advantages, under the most favorable conditions. Absolutely nec essary are good sidewalks (if not street cars); waterworks system, con nected with lavatories, baths and toilet; adequate electric or gas-light system for the protection and proper care of the blind pupils by those en trusted with these duties; protection of life and property against loss by fire; opportunity to secure the services of the best specialists in the treat ment of eyes, and of other specialists in the industrial departments, as their services may be needed; and opportunities to attend lectures, musicals and such like, which would afford them great advantages in using their sense of hearing, on which they must so much depend, in gaining knowledge. The location of a university in the same town would be very helpful to this institution. Grounds. The best is none too good for our blind children. The most healthful and -attractive situtaion should be selected, with ample grounds; forty or fifty acres could be used to the best advantage. As the buildings for the blind should not be more than two stories high they should cover a few acres; several acres should be laid off in walks and athletic grounds, for the blind are capable of development by exercise in athletics; and, naturally, they need this physical development more than seeing children, because, as a rule, in their own homes, they are encouraged to sit around in idleness and their bodies are proportionately undeveloped. Several acres could be used in teaching, dairying, horticulture and agriculture. These appoint ments should have sufficient intervening space to admit freely fresh air and .sunshine. Buildings. All of the buildings for the blind school should be strictly fireproof and not more than two stories high and should be planned especially for the use of the blind. Two ideas prevail in planning for a school for the blind:' one is the cottage plan and the other is to have all of the departments and interests under one roof. The cottage plan seems superior, because it affords better opportunities for separating those of opposite sexes and also for grouping those whose ages and temperaments fit them for closer asso ciation. Under these conditions, moral, mental and physical training will attain its highest excellence, while the demands for the exercise of discipline will be fewer. This plan would call for a main building with appointments for the administration of the school, classrooms for the literary work, and a -chapel. Separate cottages or dormitories should supply quarters for room ing the groups of boys and girls, those of opposite sexes never being brought together, at least, after they pass the sixth grade. Another building would be needed for the industrial feature of the school. It should be placed behind the main building and on the Jine dividing the premises between the (•'0 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE $joys and girls. The first floor could be entered from the boys' side and rased iby them for learning broommaking, mattress and pillow-making, bas ket-making, caning chairs, sloyd work and piano tuning. The second floor Total $35,000 WOT the year ending June 30, 1911, for maintenance and repairs 23,000 Wtor •salaries 22,000 Total $45,000 PRESIDENT GEORGE W. BRUCE. i STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 61 I further recommend that some provision be made, by legislation, for locating the blind children in this State and for securing their attendance.at this institution. I think it would be wise to require the school district clerk to report to the county superintendent, and the county superinendent to report to the State superintendent, the names and addresses of the parents or guardians of all blind children and those whom deficient sight prevents .-attending the schools for seeing, and that those who fail to attend this or some other educational institution be dealt with as are other truant children The necessity for instruction of our young people in the country in Agri- ssalture and Domestic Science is no longer open to question, but is admitted 9by all progressive educaotrs. The tendency of our education has been away ?from the farm and toward the city heretofore, but now there seems to be a Stealthy reaction against this sentiment, and people everywhere in Oklahoma care giving considerable attention to agricultural education. The Franklin senate bill No. 109, which was passed by the last legisla ture, makes liberal provision for instruction in agricultural and industrial -^education and also provides for the establishment of a "State Commission of .Agriculture and Industrial Education." Section 1 of this bill reads as fol- "For the purpose of carrying out the requirements of the State constitution relating to the teaching of the elements of Agriculture, Horticulture, Stock '.Feeding and Domestic Science in the common schools of the State, there is thereby created a 'State Commission of Agriculture and Industrial Education,' .consisting of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction, who shall be oelaairman thereof; the president of the State board of agriculture, and the -^president of the Agricultural and Mechanical College, each of whom, shall serve "without additional pay. Said commission shall conform to the rulings of the iState board of education, shall co-operate with all State normal schools, the A-gricultural and Mechanical Colleges, and the State board of agriculture, •and said boards and institutions are hereby required to co-operate with the 'State Commission for Agricultural and Industrial Education' as far as prac ticable and without interfering with the more immediate duties of said boards and institutions. Said commission shall make a report in writing to "the Governor at least thirty days prior to the regular sessions of the legisla ture, including the work done under its suprevision and a complete account s©f all funds and their disbursements made in pursuance of this act, together ."with such recommendations as may by said board be deemed advisable." Section 14 of the same bill says: "There shall be established in each of the supreme court judicial districts cm. district agricultural school of secondary grade for instruction in Agricul ture, Mechanics and allied branches, and Domestic Science and Economics, •with courses of instruction leading to the Agricultural and Mechanical Col- 'lege, and the State normals. At least two of said agricultural schools shall "he located and established every two years from and beginning July 1, 1908, sand every two years thereafter, until one of said agricultural schools has STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 63fc been provided for each existing supreme court judicial district: Provided;. That each of said agricultural schools shall be provided with not less than.' eighty acres of land without cost to the State and deeded in perpetuity to- the State. The location, operation and equipment of said agricultural schools shall be under the administration of the 'State Commission of Agricultural^ and Industrial Education,' subject to the approval of the board of agri culture." Section 18 of this bill makes the following appropriation for such schooisc "There is hereby appropriated out of the building fund of the State treas ury for the purpose of erecting the necessary building, or buildings, for thae* two first schools the sum of $20,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary^ for each school, and out of the State treasury for the maintenance and sup port of such schools the sum of $12,000 for each school per annum for main.'-- tenance during the first year; provided that one-fourth of the sum herein ap propriated for the support and maintenance of such schools shall be ex pended in developing agricultural experiments in field, barn, orchard, shope?> and garden of practical value to students of the school and to farmers of tbes supreme court judicial district in which such school may be located." SECONDARY AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS. The following sections set forth the nature of the work that is to b«? attempted by the State secondary agricultural schools: "Sec. 17. No courses of instruction shall be offered in such agricultural schools other than industrial courses, but this shall not exclude teaching the common school branches, the languages, manual training, manufacture, thes* sciences and other necessary studies as subjects in the industrial course. "Sec. 15. There shall he an experimental farm operated by each of the?" said agricultural schools, on which careful trials shall be made of the beste fruits, vegetables, flowers, field and forage crops, fertilizers and stock feedsi- for that section, as well as the systems of dairying, drainage, irrigation and? farm management that may be considered of practical value and adapted to> the needs of the people in such supreme court judicial districts; Provided*,. That each district agricultural school shall make at least one report annually^ to the Governof the State covering all work done, its cost, the results and tile? probable value of such experiments, which report shall be published for frets- distribution to farmers, fruit and vegetables growers and stockmen In t3fce> supreme judicial district in which said school is located. "Sec. 16. There shall be held annually by each of said agricultural- schools a farmers' short course extending over at least one week and embrac ing practical and elementary scientific instruction in those branches of" Agriculture that may be deemed most important in the supreme oourt judi cial district in which any such agricultural school is located at the time- such short course of instruction is to be provided, including a course fas 64 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Domestic Economy, canning, preserving and cooking. There shall be no fees charged for attendance on these practical courses of instruction, and no entrance examinations may be required: Provided, That all white citizens over 15 years of age shall be entitled to admission to such courses." Under this law two schools thus far have been established—the Murray State School of Agriculture at Tishomingo, and the Connors State School of Agriculture at Warner. No buildings for either of these schools have been erected yet, but plans will be made to that end during the coming year. The Warner school has not yet opened, but the Murray School at Tishomingo opened in October at the South Side High School Building in Tishomingo, and has made as satisfactory progress as might be expected under the cir cumstances. Prof. James A. Wilson who was elected principal of this school, has had many years of successful experience, and under his wise and able management the school is sure to succeed. We hand you herewith his state ment, which is made a part of this report: MURRAY STATE SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE. Tishomingo, Okla,, Nov. 20, 1908. Hon. E. D. Cameron, Guthrie, Okla. Dear Sir: Replying to your favor of yesterday, I beg leave to make the following report and financial statement of the condition of the Murray State School of Agriculture located at Tishomingo :• Amount of building fund . • $20,000.00 Farm and school building site, 100 acres at $80 8,000.00 Agricultural experiment fund 3,000.00 Value of present equipment 2,222.82 Maintenance and support fund .. . . 9,000.00 Estimated enrollment 100.00 The new building will be started soon, but none of the $20,000 fund has as yet been used. The value of the temporary building that we are now using is $13,500. The names of the instructors and the salaries paid them are as follows: Name of Instructors Position Salary James A. Wilson President $1,800 Emma A. Chandler Domestic Science 1,000 Fred W. Bopp Manual Training and Drawing 1,000 Shelby A. Robert Agriculturist 1,000 Mrs. Pearl Tindall Mathematics and English 1,000 JAMES A. WILSON, President. PRESIDENT JAMES A. WILSON. MURRAY STATE SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE, TISHOMINGO. MURRAY SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE, TISHOMINGO; OKLA. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 65 CONNERS STATE SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE. Warner, Oklahoma. Name of Instructor Position Salary F. B. Liner President $1,50© George Wilson Mathematics and English 1,00© C. E. Hanson Manual Training and Drawing 1,00© Opal Frazier Domestic Science 1,00© • Agriculturist 1,00© This school will not open until 1909. BOARD OF CONTROL FOR SECONDARY AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS. State Superintendent E. D. Cameron, president Guthrie J. P. Connors, secretary Guthrie J. H. Connell ' Stillwater COUNTY SCHOOLS OF AGRICULTURE IN WISCONSIN. From Superintendent Gary's Report. Since county schools of agriculture were opened in the State of Wiscon sin in the year 1902, this class of schools has been watched with much, interest. They have truly been on trial in the public mind. The progress of these schools has been one of the most interesting educational problems since the establishment of the so-called land-grant colleges for the teaching of agriculture and the mechanic arts. This new step in the extension of agricultural education to the masses was one which made the educators Of the country look on with mingled doubt and hope—doubt that the new schools established on a county basis could be a success; hope that their experience, if successful, would lead other counties and states to undertake similar schools. A study of these schools, after two years of successful operation, with reference to their equipment, courses of study and influence upon adjacent agricultural communities, should be of interest and value to those who are considering secondary instruction in agriculture for other com munities. Equipment of the Schools. The schools have been equipped at the expense of the counties where they are located. This is true as to buildings, furniture, apparatus, machin ery and stock. But the State aids each school to the extent of $4,000 a year, to be applied to the running expenses. The total running expense thus far has been only $6,000 a year for each school. Character of the Instruction. In all the instruction in this new class of schools the useful side of the knowledge and training given to students is emphasized. This is the princi ple on which they are founded. The extended knowledge which the farmer 66 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE must have is made to co-operate with the farm, the shop, the dairy and the horn. The manual training courses are made far more practical and useful than such courses usually are. Nearly all of the time of the classes has been utilized in making articles of use on the farm, in the home and in the school and shop. The same feature of useful training has prevailed in the domestic economy, plant life, farm accounts, study of soils, poultry, and, in fact, all subjects. The founders of the county agricultural school believe that a progressive farmer should know a great deal more than was known by the farmers of past generations. And in many instances where it is important that farmers should make application of rather new scientific truths the schools have stimulated thought along these lines, and by simplifying what seem intri cate processes, have induced them to apply the results of experiment station* work. We believe that young people of the country have the right to just such knowledge as they gain in a practical school of this kind. Farmers' sons and daughters are just as much entitled to a special training as are the young people of the cities. A special eucation is needed for farming, as. well as for the practice of medicine or law. The farm demands men who are prepared in special schools, such as this new line of agricultural high schools being created by counties in Wisconsin, Men with the best brains are wanted on the farm. The time is rapidly draw ing near when no occupation can be found which will demand a better preparation than farming. A wide knowledge of science, a thorough under standing of basic principles of plant and animal life, a thorough acquaintance with the world's markets and how to use them, a clear insight into the rea sons underlying all farm operations, a thorough attention to all details of the business, a steadiness in all matters pertaining to life on the farm, cour age to act quickly at the proper time, good physical strength and power of endurance—these are some of the qualities demanded of the farmer by the farm of tomorrow. Already we hear the call for such men. The courses of stud yfor these county schools were the result of a careful study of the courses in the state colleges and similar institutions in Europe. These courses were planned by the principals of the county agricultural schools and the State superintendent of public schools, and were published in a special report from the State department in January, 1903. Each school has found it necessary to modify the courses to suit local conditions. The regular course covers two years of eight months each, beginning in October and closing in May. Pupils are admitted to this course after fin ishing the work of the rural district or village school. The winter short course for farmers is completed in two winter terms of twelve weeks each. This is offered in the Dunn county school only. HIGH SCHOOLS. Oklahoma has two systems of high schools, one of which is the city high school and the other is the county high school. In all the larger cities of the State splendid high-school courses are maintained which prepare stu dents for entrance into the freshman class of the University without exami nation. In addition to these, many districts and villages have established •consolidated graded schools, which offer three-year high-school courses. In- Shawnee, Oklahoma City, Bartlesville, Tulsa, Muskogee, Ardmore and Enid splendid high-school buildings have been erected and other progressive cities of Oklahoma are planning to follow their example during the coming year. The Session Laws of 1901 provided that each county in the State of Okla- lioma having a population of 6,000 inhabitants or over, as shown by the last State or federal census, might establish county high schools under the fol lowing conditions: 1. One-third of the electors of the county must petition the county board STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 69 Maude Davis Mathematics Addie Barnard .'. Preparatory Ernest H. Winslow Director of Athletics Mabel G. Seely Librarian Frank S. Know Custodian GENERAL STATEMENT. Cost of the building and equipment $35,000 Cost of operation annually 15,000 Enrollment for 1907-1908. Enrollment for Fall Term, 1908. White 449 White 405 Colored 59 Colored 55 Total 508 Total 406 Estimated enrollment for 1908-1909 is 650. Number of Instructors. Total Number of Graduates. White 17 White 105 Colored 3 Colored 30 Total 20 Total .' 135 COURSES OF INSTRUCTION. Commercial. Agricultural. Normal. Classical. Length of course covers four years. Special attention is being given to Agriculture and Domestic Science. Part of the grounds are cultivated by the students and practical work given in Agriculture. Sewing is taught practi cally to girls, and as much theoretical instruction in other lines of Domestic Science as can be without equipment. Report of the Alfalfa County High School, Formerly Woods County High School. (Located at Helena, Okla.) The Alfalfa County High School was established at Helena, Okla., and opened on Nov. 8, 1904, with Jas. H. Sawtell as the first principal, who re signed at the close of the first year and was succeeded by Prof. J. P. Evans. The members of the faculty are as follows: John H. Findly, president Latin and Mathematics John" Burke English and Mathematics 70 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE J. E. Gilkey Commercial Department Miss Dorothy Briley German and Music W. S. Worden Art Department Others to be supplied: GENERAL STATEMENT. Number of Graduates. Number of Students. les 6 Males 109 •nales 9 Females 62 Total 15 Total 171 Lands owned by the institution 15 acres Value of building and grounds $90,000.00 Number of volumes in school library 260 Total expenditures for the year 7,833.24 Total receipts for the year 8,605.67 HIGH SCHOOL BUILDING STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 71 HIGH SCHOOL COURSES In Use at the Alfalfa County High School and the Logan County High SchooL SUBJECTS FOR GRADUATION. The subjects for which a graduation credit is given, together with the number of units, are arranged in six groups, as follows: GROUPI. English. English, 4 units. 3 units required in all courses. Ancient, 1 unit. GROUP II. English, 1 unit. 2 units required in Classical History. American and Govern and Normal Courses. ment, 1 unit. Arithmetic, y2 unit. Commercial Arithmetic, \y2 units. Elementary Algebra, 1 GROUP III. unit. 2y2 units required in all Mathematics. Advanced Algebra, y2 courses. unit. Plane Geometry, 1 unit. Solid Geometry, y2 unit. Latin, 4 units. GROUP IV. German, 2 units. Foreign Greek, 2 units. • 2 units required in all course* Languages. French, 2 units. except Commercial. Spanish, 2 units. Physiography, 1 unit. GROUP V. Physics, 1 unit. 2 units required in Normal Sciences. Biology, 1 unit. and Classical Courses. Chemistry, 1 unit. Bookkeeping, iy2 units required in Commercial Course Stenography, 1 unit required in Commercial Course. English Correspondence, y% unit required in Commercial Course. Typewriting, 1 unit required in Commercial Course. Business Practice, y2 unit required in Commercial Course. Commercial Law, y2 unit required in Commercial Course. GROUP VI. Commercial Geography, y2 unit required in Commercial Miscellaneous. Course. Drawing, 1 unit. Reviews 7, y2 unit. Psychology 2, y2 unit. Domestic Science and Domestic Art 3, 1 unit. History of Education 4, % unit. Agriculture I, II, III, IV, 1 unit each; all required in Agri cultural Course. RURAL SCHOOLS. The most important work before this department upon the advent of statehood was the organization of district schools in the new counties of the State. The rural district school is the foundation of all our work. Thou sands of our citizens will never go to any other school, and if there should be no district school in reach of them they may never go to any school at all. Considering the fact that only a few of our children, comparatively speaking, will ever attend a higher state institution of learning, it becomes our plain duty to see that there is a district school in reach of every child of every color in the State, and that these schools be made as thorough as it is possi ble to make them. The free public school system in Oklahoma is the glory of our State and the rural district school is the foundation and hope of the entire system. The work of organizing the new counties into convenient districts has been carried rapidly forward and is now nearly completed. At the present time 2,200 school districts, by actual count, have been organized in the forty-one counties carved out of that part of the State formerly known as Indian Territory, and fully as many schoolhouses will have been built and occupied by the close of the scholastic year ending June 30, 1909. In these new districts Ave will have enrolled this scholastic year not less than 140,000 children who never entered a public schoolhouse before and a vast majority of whom never attended a school of any kind a single day. We think this is a good showing for the year, and look upon it as the best and most far-reaching result of statehood for our people. It is true that our public-school system is "the spring from whence all our liberties flow," and these rural schools come nearer constituting the real source and life- giving power of the outflowing stream of liberty than all of the other depart ments of the public-school system put together. The rural school is the foundation and all too often it becomes the finishing school, the normal school and the university. Since this is true, it is the duty of the State to make these schools so strong that they will at least give a glimpse of real education and create a thirst for learning that will carry the student on and up through life. The State Superintendent is the head of the public- school system of the State, the county superintendent is the head of the public-school system in his county, and the district board is the head of the system in the district. The system under the' law runs from the State Superintendent down through the county superintendent and on to the dis trict officers, each department having certain duties and certain powers under the law. To make the system perfect, these officers must respect the rights and duties of each other and work in absolute harmony. The law STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 73 does not recognize the supervision of any other officer or set of officers over any of our schools, except those enumerated above, all of whom are elected by our people and are responsible, under the law, to the people of our State. We cannot recognize the assumed right of any one to control any of our schools and will not recognize the right of any one to control in any way the management of our schools or the management of our county institutes, nor will we allow them to interfere in any way with the county superintend ent or city superintendent and officers having control of the matter of sign ing certificates for teachers. In the opening of the year we had some trouble with the representatives of the Department of the Interior in regard to cer tain national schools in the bounds of our State. I am thankful to .say that the matter was adjusted, and I have no doubt that the plan agreed upon has worked well. National aid to our schools may be a good thing temporarily if the money is expended under the supervision of the district school board and county superintendent, but in every instance the district board should employ the teacher and together with the county superintendent have super vision of the school. For us to surrender any of the rights of local self- government would be far more disastrous to us than any benefits could pos sibly be that we would derive from temporary fiancial aid, no matter how large the amount donated by the national government. I stand committed to the doctrine of local self-government, and think it is very important for the State to run its own schools and to educate our people along the lines of personal independence and self-support, but I am glad to say that Hon. John D. Benedict, the representative of the national government, has fallen into line, and I think at the present time, aside from his academies, is aiding district rural schools under the control of our district boards and our county superintendents and furnishing some additional pay to the regu lar teachers employed by our boards, as he agreed to do in the beginning of the year. If this system is kept up and the gentlemen representing the national schools do not try to interfere in any way with our county and dis trict organizations and recognize the absolute authority of the State, we wel come their assistance. If they do not do this, we cannot and will not receive their aid. Our resources are abundant, and we can run in Oklahoma, as we now have under headway the finest district school system in the world. The main thing in building and fostering a great rural public school system is local school pride and sentiment in favor of the schools among our own people. I hope our people will not hesitate to vote a reasonable tax at all times and that they will not hesitate to vote bonds to build school houses, and that large grounds will be provided around the house, and that stables be provided for horses and that everything may be comfortable and up to date. In the most thickly populated centers of our State our people are issuing bonds and building school houses that will compare favorably with the very best in the United States. One large bond firm reports that it has 74 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE already contracted for more than $750,000 worth of bonds for school houses in the new counties up to this time. Oklahoma City, Guthrie, Bartlesville, Tulsa, Muskogee and other large cities of the State have arranged for large bond issues. Oklahoma City alone will expend $300,000 for school buildings during the present year. It is safe to estimate that more than a million and a half dollars will be expended for school houses during the scholastic year ending next June. In old Oklahoma we have thirty-four counties which have been organized into 3,441 school districts, and all of these are supplied with good school buildings and are in excellent condition. With the exception of the counties in the Kiowa and Comanche country, all of these districts have been organ ized under democratic administrations. The outlook for the future of the public schools of Oklahoma was never brighter than at the present time. The day is not far distant when our state will have the richest, as well as the* best system of public schools in the whole United States. CONSOLIDATION OF DISTRICTS FOR RURAL GRADED PUBLIC SCHOOLS. It is the opinion of this department that experience has shown that the average school districts in that part of the State formerly known as Okla homa Territory is too small for the best school work. In districts of the present size it is impossible to grade the schools, and for that reason our citizens who live on the farm and have to educate their children mainly in the common district schools are denied the privilege of educating their chil dren in any kind of high school. The people of the country are entitled to high-school facilities, just as much as the people of the cities, if these facilities can possibly be secured. To try to meet this demand we have laid off much larger districts in the new counties in that portion of the state formerly known as the Indian Territory, and will organize graded schools in all of these districts where it can possibly be done. In some of these districts we will put into operation the plan of convey ing the children to and from the school every day. We favor this plan of large districts, graded schools and conveying the children to and from school every day. If an average of four districts would unite in this way to run one school, our State would soon be filled with rural district schools doing good work in the higher grades, and our district schools would be as good as any in the world. We devoutly hope to see this condition brought about, which can easily be done under the law as amended by the last legislature. See Session Laws, chapter 77, article 3, page 670. PLAY GROUNDS FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN. We believe that the time is now at hand when every school in the State should provide adequate playgrounds for the use of school children, and we wish to urge upon school officers everywhere the neecssity for doing some thing along this line. If more playgrounds were provided there would be less necessity for anxiety upon the part of the teacher in her attempts to secure and maintain order and perfect discipline. In this connection, I de sire to quote you from a lecture of Mr. Jacob Riis, which he recently deliv ered before the Civic Conference in Boston: Mr. Riis said that he was in at the beginning of the movement, which had spread all over the country. And it has been only a few years since the movement was laughed at as silly, impractical, sentimental and, worst of all, as not being in any sense educational. Now it is seen to be the foundation principle of education. Mr. Riis said that it took some years to drive this fact home and to get the people in power in the government to see it. One mayor of New York facetiously called the movement 'vaudeville,' and then gravely remarked that 'vaudeville killed Rome." But the idea kept growing in spite of the negative as well as the positive ormosition, and Mr. Riis kept hammering away at it, because as a newspaper man doing police headquarters work and work in the courts he saw day after day youthful criminals sent to Elmira and elsewhere—boys who were made criminals from lack of play grounds, from lack of sunshine and from an environment which reeked in crime and in criminal possibilities. 'Hell's Kitchen,' in the old Bowery dis trict, was infested with crime and criminals. It was cleaned out, a little park was opened, and the sign, 'Keep off the Grass' was not put up. Crime and criminals disappeared when fresh air and unshine appeared. The les son derived from 'Hell's Kitchen' was applied to other sections of the city,, with equally satisfactory results. So widespread has the movement become, said the speaker, that more than 200 cities have established public playgrounds within a few years, and nearly as many more are about to start. Out in the far western state of Washington there is even more enthusiasm over playgrounds than in any state in the country, except Massachusetts; for it must be borne in mind that Massachusetts leads the country in this matter at present. "What does all his mean?" exclaimed Mr. Riis. "It means that as a republic we are beginning to understand the necessity if giving all our children a fair start, in life. If child labor is not killed the manhood of the country will die. You can't make half a boy more than half a man. The child of 6 who is put to work is a spent man at 30. A boy without a playground is the father of a man without a job." POPULATION OF OKLAHOMA BY COUNTIES. ACCORDING TO THE FEDERAL CENSUS. Whole School population, 6-21; Counties population males females Adair 9,115 1^58 1,659 Alfalfa 16,070 2,850 2,805 Atoka 12,113 2,217 2,153 Beaver 13,364 1,953 1,923 Beckham 17,758 3,182 3,233 Blaine 17,227 2,977 2,918 Bryan . . 27,865 5,257 5,136 Caddo 30,241 5,150 5,068 Canadian 20,110 3,449 3,305 Carter 26,402 4,793 4,753 Cherokee 14,274 2,715 2,636 Choctaw 17,340 3,115 3,127 Cimarron 5,927 786 777 Cleveland 18,460 3,635 3,453 Coal 15,585 2,703 2,768 Comanche . . 31,738 5,446 5,136 Craig • 14,955 2,690 2,632 Creek 18,365 3,057 2,911 Custer 18,478 3,323 3,135 Delaware 9,876 1,937 1,753 Dewey 13,329 2,378 2,278 Ellis 13,978 2,228 2,252 Garvin 22,787 4,202 4,235 Grady 23,420 3,856 3,943 Greer 23,624 4,257 4,348 Garfield 28,300 4,669 4,746 Grant 17,368 3,153 2,952 Harper 8,089 1,310 1,245 Haskell 16,865 3,148 2,985 Hughes 19,945 3,730 3,616 Jackson 17,087 3,276 2,955 Jefferson 13,439 2,530 2,349 Johnston 18,672 3,499 3,493 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 11 Kay 24,757 4,115 4,057 Kingfisher 18,010 3,219 3,176 Kiowa 22,247 3,769 3,674 Latimer 9,340 1,568 1,519 Le Flore 24,678 4,467 4,456 Lincoln 37,293 7,033 6,812 Logan 30,711 5,106 5,089 Love 11,134 2,156 2,077 Major 14,307 2,659 2,551 Marshall 13,144 2,527 2,466 Mayes 11,064 1,938 1,996 Murray 11,948 2,086 2,158 Muskogee 37,467 6,048 6,313 McLain 12,888 2,317 2,272 McCurtain 13,198 2,492 2,356 Mcintosh 17,975 3,338 3,328 Noble 14,198 2,511 2,385 Nowata 10,453 1,738 1,682 Okfuskee 15,595 2,528 2,727 Oklahoma 55,849 7,991 8,265 Okmulgee 14,362 2,490 . 2,430 Osage 15,332 2,614 2,389 Ottawa 12,827 2,303 2,178 Pawnee 17,112 3,141 2,961 Payne 22,022 4,113 4,010 Pittsburg 37,677 6,270 6,120 Pontotoc. 23,057 4,312 4,222 Pushmataha 8,295 1,455 1,448 Pottawatomie 43,272 7,809 7,645 Roger Mills 13,239 2,252 ' 2,264 Rogers 15,485 2,727 2,645 Seminole 14,687 2,788 2,626 Sequoyah 22,499 4,188 4,104 Stephens 20,148 3,769 2,724 Texas 16,448 2,443 2,346 Tillman 12,869 2,264 2,140 Tulsa 21,693 3,472 3,272 Wagoner 19,529 3,640 3,517 Washita 22,007 4,256 4,111 Woods 15,517 2,694 2,567 Washington 12,813 1,889 1,900 Woodward 14,595 2,505 2,324 Totals 1,414,177 248,159 241;980 Total school population, 490,139, based on 1907 federal census. COMMON SCHOOL DIPLOMAS. For several years past the Illinois course of study has been in use in the Oklahoma public schools, and until something more satisfactory is found, its use will be continued. Copies of this course of study may be obtained from Hammond & Stephens at Fremont, Neb. All progressive teachers should have a copy of this course of study and should follow it closely. All pupils who complete the Eighth grade work as laid down in this course of study and are able to pass a successful examination in the required branches will be given a common school disploma, which will admit them without examination to any city or county high school, the State University, the A. & M. College or the State normal schools. All applicants for common school diplomas must be examined in the fol lowing branches: Reading, Orthography, Penmanship, Grammar, Composi tion, Arithmetic, Geography, Physiology, United States History, Civics and Oklahoma Constitution, Oklahoma History, Domestic Science, Agriculture and Horticulture, and Music. Pupils may take examination in a part of subjects one year and finish in succeeding year. ~" The examining committee in each county shall consist of the county super intendent, as chairman, and teachers holding active First grade certificates appointed by the county superintendent. It shall be the duty of the examining committee, under the direction of the county superintendent, to conduct the examination at such places as may be designated by the county superintendent. The examination in each county shall not be held at a greater number of places than there are members on the examining committee, including the county superintendent. This is nec essary that all the examinations in each county may be under the direct supervision of the committee. The member or members in charge at each place of holding the examination, shall submit the questions in accordance with the rules given in this circular. No teacher should be permitted to hold the examination for, nor to grade the papers of, his own pupils. The State board renews its recommendation of last year that all appli cants be charged a fee not to exceed 50 cents each; provided, that, in the judgment of the county superintendent, so large a fee be necessary to bear the expenses of the examination. It is respectfully requested that a full report of all receipts and expenditures on this account be made to the State board of education for its information. At a date after the examination, set by .the county superintendent, the STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 79 committee shall convene, examine and marke the papers, and certify to the State board of education, the name, age, postoffice address, marking in each branch and average marking of the work of each pupil. The examination papers should be kept on file for twelve months in the county superintendent's office, and at the end of this time should be burned. A full report of the examinations should be made promptly to the State Superintendent, showing the names of both successful and unsuccessful can didates and the grades made in each subject. Blanks for this purpose may be obtained from the State Superintendent. The board of education will issue a diploma to each successful pupil, signed by the president and secretary of the State board of education, and to be signed by the county superintendent, president of the district school board, and the teacher under whom the pupil completed the course of study. These diplomas shall be presented to the graduates at a commencement which shall be held at a time and place designated by the county superin tendent. This commencement is usually held in June or July. EXAMINATION PROGRAM FOR 1908. First Day. 8:30 a.m. to 9:00 a. m— Spelling. 9:00 a.m. to 10:00 a. m.—Physiology. 10:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m.—Composition. 11:00 a.m. to 12:00 m.—Civics. 1:30 p.m. to 2:30 p. m.—United States History. 2:30 p.m. to 3:00 p.m.—Oklahoma History. 3:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m.—Grammar. Second Day. 8:30 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.—Arithmetic. 10:00 a.m. to 11:00 a. m— Reading. 11:00 a.m. to 12:00 m.—Agriculture and Horticulture, etc. 1:30 p.m. to 2:30 p.m.—Geography. 2:30 p.m. to 3:00 p. m.—Penmanship. 3:00 p.m. to 3:30 p. m.—Music. 3:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m.—Domestic Science. CONDITIONS. 1. To receive a common school diploma the pupil must make a general average of 75 per cent, with no branch below 60 per cent. Pupils, failing to make the required average, may retain grades of 85 per cent and above, and complete the branches upon which they failed in the following year. 2. The examiners shall take every precaution to avoid any criticism or suspicion that pupils have been assisted or in any way favored in the exami nation. 3. In grading answers due weight must be given to the care of manu scripts in regard to penmanship and neatness of work. LIST OF COUNTIES AND COMMON SCHOOL GRADUATES. 1908. County Superintendent Postoffice Graduates Districts Adair J.B.Johnson Westville 26 38 Alfalfa Gertrude Motter Cherokee 96 102 Atoka L. L. Cook .Atoka 0 43 Beaver G. W. Meeks Beaver 20 168 Beckham A.R.Harris .Sayre 33 73 Blaine Emma Gard Mills AYatonga 75 98 Bryan H. o. King Durant 5 70 Caddo Maude E. Widaman Anadarko .... 52 160 Canadian Kate Mead El Reno 45 '74 Carter Mrs. Mary Niblack Ardmore 0 58 Cherokee A. K. Ralston Tahlequah ... 0 55 Choctaw F. M. Hughes Hugo 2 38 Cimarron Mrs. Hettie Britton Kenton 0 46 Cleveland B. R. McDonald Norman 48 68 Coal Ellela Allen Lehigh 0 45 Comanche J. A. Johnson Lawton 78 148 Cmig Harvey Shelton Vinita 16 67 Creek P. T. Frye... Sapulpa 21 62 Custer L. B. Snider Arapahoe 57 96 Delaware Steve Peak Grove 16 61 Dewey E. M. Frost Taloga 66 107 Ellis J. A. McLain Grand 34 108 Garvin Pearl Bradfield Pauls Valley. . 2 61 Grady R. H.' Wilson Chickasha .... 34 84 Greer .J. E. Taylor Mangum 93 85 Garfield George Rainey Enid 32 126 Grant C. M. Jacobson Pond Creek... 60 122 Harper Mrs. Alma Criswell Buffalo 10 70 Haskell M. L, Cotton Stigler 11 81 Hughes ..' B. N. Hicks Holdenville ..50 56 Jackson J. M. Dale Altus 30 61 Jefferson H L. Wade Ryan 20 47 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 81 Johnson J. Frank Lilley Tishomingo . . 0 57 Kay E. A. Duke Newkirk 130 97 Kingfisher G. E. Moore Kingfisher . .. 135 117 Kiowa Miss A. E. Lane Hobart 45 107 Latimer Alice Fleming AAllburton . . . 0 27 Le Flore A. H. Crouthamel Poteati 13 90 Lincoln O. F. Hayes Chandler 189 140 Logan Neil Humphrey Guthrie 123 97 Love Mrs. R. Anderson Marietta 14 31 Major Charles Wright Fairview 42 104 Marshall AV. M. Abernathy Madill 7 46 Mayes N. C. Hunt Pryor Creek. . 0 52 Murray Essie Bell Sulphur 0 28 Muskogee J. E. Gambill Muskogee .... 0 83 McLain A. J. French Purcell 0 40 McCurtain P. K. Faison Idabel 6 83 Mcintosh L. G. Mcintosh Eui'aula 0 60 Noble AA^m. Martin Perry 42 74 Nowata Miss Blanche Larkin. .Nowata 4 49 Okfuskee J. D. Nelson Okemah 12 39 Oklahoma Mrs. Mary Couch Oklahoma City 110 86 Okmulgee E. B. Shotwell Okmulgee .... 38 41 Osage W. E. Gill Pawhuska .... 10 58 Ottawa J. T. Davis Miami 0 45 Pawnee W. R. Robinson Pawnee 105 72 Payne R. I. Bilyeu Stillwater .... 48 96 Pittsburg L. E. Christian McAlester .... 12 87 Pontotoc T. F. Pierce .Ada 10 61 Pushmataha Erkskin Brantley Antlers 14 36 Pottawatomie ...wiarence Robison Tecumseh .... 45 125 Roger Mills T. C. Moore Cheyenne .... 15 96 Rogers B. H. Hester Claremore . . . 47 38 Seminole AY. F. Cooper AA^ewoka 0 43 Sequoyah Fred Merchson Sallisaw 15 54 Stephens G. A. Witt Duncan 6 68 Texas Geo. T. Payne Guymon 43 112 -Jlman A. A. Rogers Frederick .... 29 72 1 ulsa C. W. Grimes Tulsa 3 29 AAragoner Frank Shortall AA7agoner 5 70 AVashita T. H. Hubbard Cordell 45 101 AA^oods F. O. Hayes Alva 52 109 Washington Flossie B. Lewis Bartlesville . . 15 116 Woodward Mrs. Sadie Zimmerman Woodward ... 25 19 Total 2,486 5,535 SEPARATE SCHOOL LAW. I desire to especially call your attention to the fact that the separate school law found in Wilson's Annotated Statutes, chapter 77, article 10, and Sn force in this State, is not an effective separate school law. I have received many complaints during my term of office from white people and negroes, reciting abuses under this law and calling for relief. I respectfully suggest that this inadequate and inoperative law be repealed and another enacted that will be just and fair to all and yet give us white district officers for white schools and negro district officers for negro schools. Guthrie, Okla., Sept. 28, 1908. Hon. E. D. Cameron, State Superintendent. Dear Sir: This office is in receipt of your letter of the 23d instant, inclos ing circular sheet by Neil Humphrey, county superintendent, Logan County. Mr. Humphrey says in his circular letter: "'To the School Boards of Oklahoma: "You are hereby advised that on the 31st day of August, 1908, the district court of Logan County held that section 3 of the new separate school law was unconstitutional and void. Under this decision the matter stands as though no such bill had been passed. In districts where the two separate races met in different places and elected two boards, the matter stands as though no election had been held; that is to say, that the old board is the Jegal board of the school district. Teachers who have contracts with the separate boards should have them renewed by the old boards, which boards should pay for work done under previous contract. "Sincerely yours, "NEIL HUMPHREY, County Superintendent " In jrour letter you ask to be advised whether Judge Houston's decision holds good for the entire county and State, or whether it is a decision that will apply only to the particular district named in this suit. You are advised that in the case of D. B. Caver, plaintiff, vs. Isaac Jones et al., defendants, the district court, of Logan County held that— "Every qualified elector has a right to vote for or against all candidates •for office within his district, whether it be for a district, township, county or State office, and this right cannot be abridged by the legislature. The con stitution, section 7 of article 3, upon suffrage, declares: 'The election shall ibe free and equal. No power, civil or military, shall ever interfer to prevent STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 83 the free exercise of the right of suffrage.' I am of the opinion that section 3 of the act of May 5, 1908, is in conflict with this provision of the constitution, as well as the sixth subdivision of the enabling act, and is therefore invalid. The temporary njunction is made permanent.' This holding of the learned judge is the law of the State today, and will he until it is modified or reversed by the supreme court. In my letter to you I have only presented one of the reasons assigned by him why section 3 of the act of May 5, 1908, is not in accord with the consti tution. In his opinion he uses the words: "If either race is excluded there from (referring to the election), we have taxation without representation. There is no provision in this act or elsewhere for the people of the district levying a tax to support a separate school. That is done by the board of county commissioners." It would be well for you to obtain a copy of opinion referred to. Very respectfully, E. G. SPILLMAN, Assistant Attorney-Genera!, MANUAL TRAINING IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. Shall we have Manual Training in our public schools is a question that more than one anxious teacher has asked himself, but we firmly believe that the time has now arrived when there can be no question about the advisa bility of introducing this work to some extent in country schools as well as city schools. In this connection Prof. Harvey G. Hatch, supervisor of Man ual Training in the city schools of Rockford, 111., says: "At first sight, it seems that Manual Training forms so natural a part of the farm boy's life that he does not need school influence to stimulate him to activity. We have heard over and over again from city men whose careers had their rise in farm life that they did not lack for Manual Training in those early years; in fact, it was Manual Training from early morning till late at night. But we do not hear from the old-time farmer boy that Manual Training ever meant anything more than long-drawn-out drudgery and un ending toil. The city man sees his early life as a means, while the farmer sees his early life in the light of an end. It is for the farmer of today to see that in Manual Training he has a means that will help his children directly, and himself indirectly, to better understand and enjoy farm life. "No matter how involved the present situation may be, it takes no great prophet to see what the end will be. The country boy is capable of and has great necessity for the fine adjustments of muscular control which the plan ing of a board means. Without doubt, the country boy needs to have more of a chance to use his hands under school auspices, and when the time comes that the country boy may be seen on his way home from school, with a book under one arm and under the other an evener, a towel rack or some useful thing which he himself has made in school, it will be safe to say that that boy will look upon his school as a more useful place, and there will be some natural connection between living on a farm and going to a country school. I doubt not that the country boy likes to feel himself a part of the life which is all about him, but he gets only a slight view of it through the present country school. Action is a part of life, but ordinarily action is ruled out in school business. ' "Many machines are used on a farm, and machines break. Repairs are necessary, and often the IGSS of a day's use of a machine means a great deal. Suppose the country schoolboy could make an intelligent working drawing of the necessary part and take it to town himself, explaining to the mechanic STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 85 just what repairs would be needed. Here, again, the boy would feel himself a prime factor and not a druge factor in the development of the farm. "From my point of view, then, it is necessary to emphasize the need of what the educator calls the purely utilitarian. I urge this as the next step, for it is the logical thing to do. Without doubt, the passing of time will re veal a broader application. "No doubt the county institutes may be made a great help in giving teach ers some rudimentary ideas in the details of tool work. While this is an opportunity by no means to be neglected, it cannot be considered to meet the situation adequately; but if the city Manual Training schools could give the matter some consideration, they would be of great assistance. I doubt if it would be difficult to form Saturday classes in cities for country teachers, if enthusiasm and backing were forthcoming from county officials. "The Manual Training high school of the city must aid in the solution of the Manual Training problem of the country school. Township high schools and the regular city high schools are attracting many country boys, and almost without exception they find large satisfaction in the Manual Training courses. From these young people must come the supply of teachers for the country schools; they are the ones who can give the greatest help, since they are in symptahetic touch with the life of the country and can best see and lealize country needs." While many of the Manual Training courses mapped out for city schools are not suitable for use in country schools, still we can find less complicated work which will accomplish the same result of training the eye and the hand to work together under the direction of the mind. In this connection Miss Fanny Gies of Mower County, Minnesota, says: "In the primary grades we find the little folks become very skillful in the use of the scissors in making free-hand cuttings to illustrate some mental picture derived from a story. Paper folding and weaving of paper, cloth or yarn, are forms of industrial work adapted to the lower grades in our country schools. "Some of our schools have done excellent work in cardboard construction. This demands greater accuracy in measurement, drawing and cutting. The pupils have taken great pleasure in making brackets, boxes, card cases, match holders, furniture for dolls, etc. Because of its excellent training I hope to make this work general in the schools of this county. Some teachers have attempted raffia work in their schools, but say they find it more diffi cult to use if in the one-room schools. This last form of work has not been urged upon the teachers." Strong Manual Training departments have been established in all of our State normals schools, and we hope as many public-school teachers as pos- 86 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE sible will arrange to take summer review courses in Manual Training in one of these States normals. Wherever possible, we hope county superin tendents will arrange to have this work incorporated in the coming county- summer normal institutes. AGRICULTURE IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. From the present trend of public sentiment it is evident that the time is not far distant when education in Agriculture will be offered in every good elementary school of the United States. All agree that Agriculture is emi nently a teachable subject, and it is an essential utility, because it is the only means of furnishing adequate conceptions of the one fundamental occupation of mankind upon which all other occupations depend. In all states where the work has been introduced the results have been highly satisfactory and extremely gratifying, and there is no reason now why such should not be equally true in Oklahoma. The new constitution of Oklahoma specifically states in section 7, of arti cle 13, that "the legislature shall provide for the teaching of the elements of Agriculture, Horticulture, Stock Feeding and Domestic Science in the Com mon Schools of the State." In compliance with this provision of the con stitution, the First legislature enacted a law. of which the following is a quotation from section 5 of this act: "After July 1, 1909, no person shall teach and no certificate shall be granted to an applicant to teach, in the public schools receiving aid from this State, who has not passed a satisfac tory examination in the elements of Agriculture and allied branches men tioned in this act." This means that all teachers will have to take an exam ination on these subjects before they can teach after July 1, 1909. All teach ers holding certificates extending beyond this time will also be required to pass a satisfactory examination in these additional subjects in order to teach after July 1, 1909. This provision coupled with the growing demand for instruction in these branches made it imperative that the normal schools and other State educa tional institutions offer training courses for teachers in this line of work. We sincerely hope that these courses will not be purely theoretical, but that they will be made practical in every way possible. The work should be am ply illustrated with suitable experiments in a laboratory fully equipped with all necessary apparatus and appliances. This should be supplemented by suitable field work in a school garden or farm adjoining these educational institutions. However, teachers in the public schools will find it possible to do much of the work in a fairly satisfactory way without much of this special training If suitable reference books are secured and closely studied. Much available 88 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE information may be had by writing for the Farmers' Bulletins, which may be procured free of charge from the Secretary of Agriculture at Washington, D. C, or from the directors of the various experimental stations in the differ ent states. Read also D. J. Crosby's excellent article on Agriculture in Rural Schools published in the year book of the Department of Agriculture for 1905. A copy of this work will be found in the libraries of any of the State institutions. A little later this department expects to publish a special pamphlet, entitled, "Outlines of Agriculture for Public Schools," for the bene fit of techers who wish a few suggestions in teaching this subject. Prof. B. Youngblood, formerly superintendent of the city schools in Pauls Valley, has recently been appointed by the Bureau of Plant Industry of the Department of Agriculture as a special agent for Oklahoma and Texas, and we would recommend that our teachers confer with him in regard to some phases of the work. He may be addressed at Pauls Valley, Okla. We would recommend that no text-books be used in this subject by the pupils in the public schools below the Fifth grade. In the lower grades the instruction should be entirely oral. In the higher grades the teacher will find many excellent texts adapted to the needs of the work. The State Text-Book Commission adopted Burkett, Stevens & Hill's Agri culture for Beginners as a first book for use in the Fifth and Sixth grades of the public schools, and Principles of Agriculture by Ferguson & Lewis as a second book for use in the Seventh and Eighth grades. The following books may also be consulted with profit: First Principles of Agriculture: Goff & Mayne, American Book Co., Chicago. Principles of Agriculture: Voorhees-Silver, Burdett & Co., Chicago. The Soil: Kind, Macmillan & Co., New York City. Elements of Agriculture: McBryde, Johnson Publishing Co., Richmond, Va. Agriculture for Common Schools: Hunnicut, Cultivator Publishing Co., Atlanta, Ga. New Elementary Agriculture: Bessy & Swezy, Universal Publishing Co., Lincoln, Neb. Livestock Judging: Craig, College Station, Texas. Country Schools: O. J. Kern, Ginn & Co., Dallas, Texas. Elementary Agriculture: Hatch & Haselwood, R. K. Row & Co., Chicago. How to Make School Gardens: Hemenway, Doubleday, Page & Co., New York City. Window Flower Gardens: Heinrich, Orange Judd Co., New York City. Ornamental Gardening: Waugh, Orange Judd Co., New York City. Fertilizers: Vobrhees, Macmillan & Co., New York City. Storer's Agriculture, three volumes: Charles Scribner Sons' Publishing •Co., New York City. LOGAN COUNTY HIGH SCHOOL. 90 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Advanced Agriculture: Jackson & Daugherty, Orange Judd Co., New- York City. The Training of the Human Plant, Burbank. The New Agriculture, Harwood. List of Publications for Free Distribution—Circular No. 2, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Agricultural Education, No. 2, 1907, U. S. Bureau of Education. The Propagation of Plantes, Fuller: Orange Judd Co., New York City. Bulletins en Boys' Clubs, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Southern Agriculture: Macmillan & Co., New York City. Manual of Corn Judging, Shamel: Orange Judd Co., New York City. Welborn's Agriculture: Macmillan & Co., New York City. Index to Subjects, Farmers' Bulletins: United States Department ot Agriculture, circular No. 4. Hunt's Forage and Fiber Crops: Orange Judd Co., New York City. Barry's Fruit Garden, Orange Judd Co., New York City. Farm Conveniences: Orange Judd Co., New York City. DOMESTIC SCIENCE. Books on Home Economics. Allen Man Wonderful. Atkinson Science cf Nutrition. Bashore Outlines of Rural Hygiene. Bevier & Usher Heme Economic Movement. Blair Sewing and Garment Drafting. Boland (See Pequignot). Butler Our Household Insects. Campbell Eeasiest Way of Housekeeping and Cooking: Candee Hew Women May Earn a Living. Checkley Natural Method of Physical Training. Coleman Successful Houses. Conn Story of Germ Life. Farmer Boston Cooking School Cook Book. Gardner House That Jill Built. Gerhard Disposal of Household Wastes. Green, M. E Food products of the World. Greh, S. B Amateur Fruit Growing. Gren, S. B Vegetable Gardening. Harrison Home Nursing. Hogan .Study of a Child. Holt ?are and Feeding of Children. BOYS' DORMITORY, COLORED A. & N. UNIVERSITY, LANGSTON, OKLA 92 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Hutchinson .Food and Dietetics. KniSnt Food and Its Functions. Lemcke How to Live Well on Twenty-five Cents a Day. Moore How to Build a Home. Parloa Home Economics. Parsons ,„•; .How to Plan the Home Grounds. Pequignots Handbook cf Invalid Cooking. Plain Words About Food. Poore Rural Hygiene. Powell Hedges, Windbreaks, Shelters and Live Fences. Prudden Dust and Its Dangers. Prudden Story of Bacteria. Prudden Water and Ice. Richards Art of Right Living. Richards Cost of Food. Richards First L essons in Food and Diet. Richards Feed Materials and Their Adulteration. Richards & Elliott Hocking and Cleaning. Richards i& Talbot Home Sanitation. Richards & Woodman Vr, AA^ater and Food. Roberts Farmstead. Rorer Bread and Bread Making. Salmon Domestic Service. All of these books may be ordered from Whitcom & Barrows, Boston: Domestic Science, Lucy I... Wilson: Macmillan & Co., New York City. Sanitation of a Country House, Bashore: Wbitcomb & Barrows. Home- Furnishing, Kellogg: Whitccmb & Barrows, Boston, Mass. PLACE OF AGRICULTURE IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. AA^hat place ought Agriculture to have in the district school, and what kind of Agriculture ought it to be? The following quotation from a promi nent agricultural journal pretty nearly sizes up the situation: "Enough spasmodic thecrization on teaching practical Agriculture and aesthetic Nature Study has been expended to pay off the national debt. Let us pass into the next stage of the argument and get down to ways and means. If our children are to receive elementary instruction in Chemistry, soil, Phys ics, vegetable life, Biology, Botany and all the rest of the list, some one must teach them. How many of them are really capable of teaching any thing beyond the "a-b, ab's," with their hands tied behind them? It is not enough that a teacher may call up the class in Geography and perfunctorily conduct a recitation with her eyes glued to a book. A teacher should inspire pupils with a love of study. She should make the recitation interesting. All STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 93 this applies not only to the teaching of Agriculture, but to all branches taught in the country school, and serves to emphasize the need of adopting the cen tral or township system. It is very difficult for any teacher to develop the proper interest and enthusiasm in the work of any branch with only an attendance of two or three pupils. On the other hand, it is a great waste to employ good teachers for only two or three students when they can better instruct several times that number. When the centralized plan is adopted it will be possible with the same outlay to supply a much better class of instruction in all branches." In this connection please consider also the testimony of Superintendent Kern of Winnebago County, Illinois, who says: ., . "After two years' work with school gardens, excursions, experimental club work, lectures and instruction at teachers' annual institutes and farmers' in stitutes as well, it seemed wise to use in Winnebago County to make use of one more "ways and means" of teaching "practical Agriculture." At least, this might serve as a means to induce teachers, school officers and patrons to change their opinion as to the new agriculture and the possibility of ele mentary instruction in the countrv sr.bnnl. For if we sit down and wait till teachers are trained or schools properly organized, nothing will ever be done. But a start can be made and the public sentiment educated to the possibilities cf instruction in elementary Agriculture. This last effort, be ginning, September, 1904, was to put the principal bulletins from the State experiment station and the Department of Agriculture at Washington on the reading table or in the school library of the 116 school districts. The sum mary of the year's work, as taken from personal reports from teachers, gives for the year ending June 30, 1905, a total of 1,800 bulletins so placed. The expectation is to read and discuss some of the more important of these bul letins during the coming year in the teachers' institutes. Our country school teachers need to know something of the great work going on at our higher institutions of agricultural instruction and investigation. The great majority of the country school teachers are entirely unacquainted with the publica tions issued by these institutions. These bulletins, as a rule, are free, and a postal card will put one's name on the permanent mailing list of the State college and station. Through the teacher in the country school we hope to get the older pupils interest, and through the school the home. Thus this becomes an agent in assisting the farmers' institutes, the educational excur sions and the young people's clubs to bring about a different ideal with refer ence to the country school. In conclusion, Superintendent Kern suggests the following outline of work as a means of making practical and popular agricultural instruction: 1. School garden work. 2. A farmer boys' experiment club. 94 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE 3. Educational excursions. < 4. Agricultural college extension work. 5. Bulletins and traveling libraries. 6. Co-operation of the country school and farmers' institute. » 7. Discussions and illustrated lectures at teachers' institutes. 8. Consolidation of country schools. 9. Hard work, and plenty of it. SCHOOL GARDENS. The importance of the school garden is just beginning to be appreciated In this State, but I am sorry to see that many of our teachers still regard it as an experiment of doubtful propriety. The State normal schools and the Logan County High School have had school gardens for the past two years, and the results have been gratifying in the extreme. However, it still remains for an organized movement to be undertaken along this line by all of our public schools. A recent writer struck the key note when he said, "Something more than mere talk is needed if our school grounds are to be made beautiful and if our children are to have elementary instruction in Agriculture. Unless something is done, the grounds will continue to be desolate. The study of Agriculture in the country school must lead the chil dren, to investigate for themselves with reference to soil and plant life. Hence the beginnings of the school-garden movement in the country school, though crude and unscientific to the expert, are to be commended, for they are a long advance over the do-nothing policy which has prevailed long enough. Let us have the courage to be pioneers in a movement that is right in itself, though we may not be able to see very far ahead. Manual Training was held up to derision and laughed to scorn by those who were supposed, by themselves at least, to know all worth knowing in the theory and practice of education. Manual Training flourished, however, and the school garden has at least a fighting chance. To contemplate the difficulties in country- school gardening is to do nothing, and while the average country school teacher is not as well trained, perhaps, as she should be, still this does not prevent her from learning something about school gardening and beginning the work in a limited way." A good way to start the work is to begin with the improvement of the school grounds. There is plenty cf good literature that can be had for the asking, which will give full directions as to what we should plant and how we should plant. "How to Set out Trees and Shrubbery," written by L. H. Bailey and published by the Youth's Companion at Boston, Mass., is a very valuable pamphlet which every teacher should have. Another good pamphlet is the School Garden, Bulletin No. 218, by L. C. LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, NORMAN. 96 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Corbett, which may be had free on application to the superintendent of public documents at Washington, D. C. Professor Corbett's Farmers' Bulle tin No. 185, on "Beautifying Home Grounds," is also a very valuable treatise, which may be had free from the same source as the first-named pamphlet. Other publications that may be consulted with profit are as follows: Among Country Schools, O. J. Kern, chapter IV: Ginn & Co., Dallas, Texas. How to Make School Gardens, H. D. Memenway: Doubleday, Page & Co., New York City. Hand Book for Planning and Planting Small Home Grounds, Warren H. Manning; published by the Stout Manual Training School, Menomonie, Wis. The School Garden; published by the State Normal School, Hyannis, Mass. Home Floriculture, Eben E. Rexford: Orange Judd Co., New York City. Practical Floriculture, Peter Henderson: Orange Judd Co., New York City. Practical School Gardening, State Superintendent E. D. Cameron, Guthrie, Okla. ,. '.-,!• ! FARMER BOYS AND GIRLS' EXPERIMENT CLUBS. Just now a great deal of interest is being aroused in. some states in the organization of boys' clubs in Agriculture and girls' clubs in Domestic Sci ence, and the move is one that cannot be too strongly commended and en couraged. The machinery of this organization is very simple and no long- winded constitution with • a heart-rending preamble is at all necessary. The teacher in each district school secures a list of all the pupils who will join either club and furnishes the list to the county superintendent, who, in turn, enrolls these pupils in the general county association of clubs.. The district club may arrange to hold sessions on Saturday in each month, while the county organization will hold sessions either quarterly or semi-annually. The county superintendent furnishes the addresses to Prof. E. E. Balcomb, State supervisor of Agriculture, at Stillwater, Okla., who mails such circu lars, bulletins and literature of various kinds as he thinks may be of interest to the boys and girls in these clubs. He will also furnish free to the boys' clubs high-bred seed corn whenever requests are made for the same. "The organization of boys' clubs has spread to many localities in Iowa, Indiana, Illinois, AAHsconsin, Ohio and Texas. Doubtless other states have inaugurated this movement, but we cannot go into further details now. In Ohio the boys' agricultural club movement started with Superintendent A. B. Graham of Springfield township, Clarke County. •Superintendent Capt E. Miller of Sigourney, Iowa, has attracted national attention by his work for the country schools. His annual report for 1903- 1904 shows that he is a man who brings things to pass. There is an acccunu STATE SUPERINTENDENT OP PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 97 of a county spelling contest, a county educational rally, township historical contests, agricultural conventions for boys and girls, and an educational excursion to the Iowa State College for Agriculture, June 3, 1904, which was attended by nearly 1,500 persons. "The boys are encouraged to keep memoranda of their corn-growing and to write letters about their experimental work. These letters are sent to the county superintendent of schools and are published in his annual report and sent into every country home. The teacher in the regular work of the school can make the experimental work a basis for improving their power of ex pression. There is abundant room for improvement in the mechanics of letter writing, such as the use of capitals, punctuation and paragraphing; but if the boy has something to write and is not merely required to write something, there is more likelihood of his taking greater interest in what he generally considers a nuisance. The trouble with so much of our school work is that the teacher is content with the pupil's recitation of rules from; memory without his actually doing the thing talked about. If the pupil does give to the teacher some written work, too often he is not shbwn his mistakes and required to correct them by rewriting the exercise. The complaint is made that our pupils do too much written work. There is truth in this. We need to do less and do it better." To Nebraska belongs the honor of doing a big thing and doing it in a most, successful way. J. L. McBrien, State superintendent of public instruc tion, gave to his deputy, Mr. Bishop, permission to inaugurate a boys' corn- growing and a girls' cooking contest that would take in the entire State, the sum of $1,000 to be given in prizes to the successful boys and girls. The work was systematically planned, and literature on the subject was scattered broadcast over the State. A good beginning has thus been made, and the purpose is to continue- along more comprehensive lines. Local clubs will be organized with a con stitution, and county organizations will be encouraged. Plans for 1908 are, well under way and include the following departments: For Boys. 1. Corn growing. 2. Wheat growing. 3. Sugar beet growing. 4. Potato growing. 5. Manual Training—making or articles, useful or ornamental, for the? home. For Girls. 1. Cooking corn products. 98 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE 2. Cooking of white and brown bread. 3. Preserving fruits and vegetables. 4. Needlework, including plain sewing, embroidery, crocheting and fancy work. 5. House ornaments. 6. Sugar-beet growing. 7. Potato growing. What has been done in Nebraska can be done in Oklahoma if only our county superintendents will take hold of this work and aid us in a systematic way. Valuable literature on this work may be had on application from the State superintendent of Nebraska, and also from Mr. D. J. Crosby, of the experiment station, Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. We hope that the next legislature will give us an appropriation for a skilled inspector in public-school Agriculture, who will act as a state organizer of these clubs for boys and girls who will help to introduce and systematize agricultural instruction in all of our public schools . Such a man cannot be had for less than $2,500 per year, and at least $1,500 should be allowed him for general traveling expenses. An investment of four or five thousand dollars for this work would not be amiss, and would be well spent. We wish to insist that this work should be under the direction of the State Superintendent, who has the education interests of the whole State at heart, rather than by any person connected with one of the State schools. The necessity for this can be seen at a glance, as Agriculture is required to be taught in all of our schools. MAKING THE FARM HOME ATTRACTIVE. By Margaret Grayson. Many parents lament the fact that their children are not satisfied to stay on the farm, but at the earliest opportunity slip from them to take a place among the great army of wage earners in the town or city. There must be a reason for this, and these same parents would not have far to look for it in most cases. Young people are quick to make comparisons between their condition and surroundsmgs and those of their acquaintances in town, and when these comparisons are unfavorable to themselves it is not to be wondered at that they conclude that the country is not for them. Now, we do not wish to say that all young people who leave the farm do so because of dissatisfaction with their evironments, for there are a few who are impelled by force of impulses born within them, to seek a different sphere of action than the country affords, and these few, by reason of their God-given inheritance, are the ones who succeed in the great world and are STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 99 pointed out as shining examples of what the country boy or girl can do, and In a manner become will-o'-the-wisps to lure others into the great struggle for place and recognition. Many or most of their followers fail because they lack some quality, some talent that the successful ones possessed, which would have eventually enabled these, no matter where their birthplace, to triumph over their competitors. AVe do not undervalue country birth and training; for we think such a heritage is a powerful factor for success in many instances, but it is not the only one that has placed certain men and women above their follows. There fore it behooves the parents to study their children well, to see whether their unrest is a desire to get away from uncongenial surroundings, or whether it is a genuine hunger for the different fields of labor and the fruits thereof. Let the parents ask themselves these questions: Are we making the home attractive to our children, and are we doing the most we can to make them such men and women, as will be a blessing to themselves and an orna ment to society? If thejr cannot say yes to these queries then make a change at once. Begin with the house and yard and give everything such a cleaning up and beautifying as will make the farm house and yard as inviting as the neat cottages and well-kept lawns in town, and the first step will be taken. Next after the general improvement in outward appearances, add to the furniture and other appointments, as much as is necessary to conform with the changed outside. Try to add all labor-saving appliances possible to lighten the work of housekeeping, so that more time may be had in cultivating the beautiful in life, and also to give time for earning a little money by many avenues of gain, open to people in the country, which are separate from the regular business of farming. If one has the little labor savers the kitchen demands in the easy prepa ration of a meal, then more time can be spent in the serving of it, and the boys and girls who can sit down to a "company" dinner and supper every day, will not be the first to leave the farm, and besides the practice of the •every-day courtesies, which naturally go with these outward evidences of refinement, will make them at ease in any society and will do much toward their future advancement. One more suggestion: Dress the young people as well as your means will allow, but teach both boys and girls to take good care of every article of apparel. Nothing increases or preserves their self-respect like knowing that their clothing will bear comparison with their associates. To go over the ground again briefly, if the home is made pretty and invit- 100 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Ing, and opportunity is given for improvement and amusement, so that the -children feel that life means something more than sordid drudgery, there will not be many that will leave the home nest, and those who do are of such nature that they must try their wings in the great open, the world, which lies before them, and rarely is the flight of such as these unsuccessful. Next furnish the home with books and papers for pleasure and improve ment, and if they have musical tastes, money invested in musical instru ments for the children is well spent. If the children are to profit by the advantages placed before them they must have some leisure, and the work must be arranged so it does not mean from "sunup to sundown." AA7e will grant that there are seasons when the "eight-hour law" could scarcely be enforced with profit on the farm, but there are also seasons when the lG-hour custom is little short of crime. Plan to do the biggest half of the day's work in the morning, then with an hour's rest at noon and three hours or a little more in the field, both hoys and horses will have about done their limit, and what is "dragged" out afterward is at the expense of future energy. After the field work is done there is time for a good wash and bath, and with some clean clothes, "the second best," the boys feel that they are fit to associate with their sisters in their dainty afternoon frocks, which may be naught but cheap lawn or calico, but are clean and neat and all are suitably dressed to sit down to supper, though company should be present. And, by the way, dear parents, have company as often as you can. Invite older people whom you would be glad to have your children set up as models, and invite younger people whom you feel are safe companions. Encourage intercourse with your acquaintances in town, as well as those in your own neighborhood, and develop the social side of your young people. You do not want them to appear awkward and ill-bred when they go out in the world, and yet how can they help it if their intercourse with human beings is lim ited to errands of business in town or chance meetings with the neighbors? APPORTIONMENT OF STATE SCHOOL FUNDS. The attention of scnool officers is called to the necessity of making prompt reports to the county superintendent of the enumeration in each school district, because if this is not done, the district will not be entitled "to share in the apportionment of the State school fund. County superin tendents in a few instances have been a little lax in sending in their reports "to the State Superintendent, and having them on file by the 15th of October, as required by law. The January apportionment, which was delayed until March by special act of the legislature, was 50 cents per capita, and the July apportionment was 15 cents, making, in all, 65 cents per capita for the year. This year the apportionment will be largely augmented by the accrued Interest on the new school land loans out of the $5,000,000 school fund donated by Congress and also by larger land rentals, which may be expected on account of the increase in value of the school lands through the recent appraisement and the corresponding increase in the school-land rents. The management of the school lands and the disbursement of the State school funds is placed in the hands of the school-land commissioners according to the provision of house bill No. 8, which was passed by the last legislature. It reads as follows: "Section 1. That the commissioners of the land office, consisting of the 'Governor, the Secretary of State, State Auditor, Superintendent of Public Instruction and the president of the board of agriculture, be and they are Tiereby authorized and empowered to manage, loan, invest and deposit, the permanent school fund donated to the State of Oklahoma by the Congress <©f the United States, or arising from the sale of lands and from other sources. "Sec. 2. All of the permanent school funds shall be invested in first mort gages upon good and improved farm lands within the State (and in no case shall more than 50 per cent of the reasonable value of the lands, without improvements, be loaned upon any tract). The interest on said farm loans shall not exceed 5 per cent per annum. Oklahoma State bonds, county bonds •of the counties of this State, school district bonds of the school districts of the State, and United States bonds, and in the investment of said funds preference shall be given to such securities in the order named. "Sec. 3. Until such time as said funds may be safely and advantageously invested in the securities mentioned in the preceding section, said commis- 102 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE sioners of the land office shall be, and they are hereby authorized and em powered to deposit said sums in such banks or trust companies as they may select, but shall in every case take as security for such deposits the following classes of securities and no others: Bonds of the State of Oklahoma, bonds of the counties, school districts, cities and towns of this State, State and oounty warrants, and approved State, county and municipal bonds of other states, bonds of the United States, first mortgages on real estate, warrants or other legal evidences of indebtedness authorized by law to be issued by municipalities in payment of paving, sewer, water works, electric light or other public indebtedness and for which a special tax is authorized to be levied and collected for the payment thereof, and surety company bonds, and as additional security on any deposit which said board may make, the said commissioners of the land office shall have authority to accept surety com panies or trust companies as sureties, but the value of securities offered for such deposits; provided, however, such surety company or trust company shall neither be in any manner interested directly or indirectly in any bank or trust company for which it becomes additional surety, nor shall any surety bonding or trust company be accepted as additional surety, nor shall any surety bonding or trust company be accepted as additional surety that has more than one-fourth cf its paid capital invested in bank stock. The said board of land commissioners may, whenever they deem it advisable, require additional securities alter a deposit is made as they deem necessary to secure the safety of the deposit. "Sec. 4. The commissioners of the land office may appoint such assist ants and incur such expenses as are necessary in the management and hand ling of such property and funds and shall pay such expenses out of the in come of the school funds. "Sec. 5. The commissioners of the land office shall report to this legis lature before final adjournment the condition and management of such funds, and thereafter to each legislature. "(Senate Bill No. 259.) Sec. 6. The commissioners of the land office shall apportion the income of the State school fund, and the annual taxes collected by the State for the support of public schools, to those counties of the State from which proper reports have been received by the Superin tendent of Public Instruction, and such apportionment shall be made as fol lows: All such moneys remaining in the State treasury on the 15th day of January shall be apportioned between the 15th and the last day of such month, and that remaining on the 15th day of July shall be apportioned between the 15th and the last day of month. The apportionment to each county shall be made in proportion to the number of children over the age of 6 years and under the age of 21 years, resident therein, as shown by the STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 103 last annual report of the county superintendent to the State Superintendent. The commissioners of the land office, in distributing all funds mentioned in this section, shall draw their order on the State treasurer or other officer having custody of such funds, in favor of the county treasurers of the coun ties respectively entitled to school moneys, for the amount of such moneys apportioned to his county, and certify the amount of such order to the State treasurer, and also to the county clerk and superintendent of the proper county; Provided, that the federal appropriation made shall be. apportioned by said commissioners after the passage of this act to the several counties entitled to the same under act of Congress providing for said appropriation, in proportion to the number of children of school age shown by the last federal census, and provided that for the year 1908 the commissioners of the land office shall have thirty days from and after the 15th day of March, 1908, in which to make the apportionment of school funds to the various counties of the State. "Sec. 7. The commissioners of the land office are hereby authorized and empowered to make all necessary rules and regulations, for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this law. "Sec. 8. (Senate Bill No. 141.) 'An act to extend the time for making the apportionment of the school fund to the various counties by the State Superintendent, and declaring an emergency,' passed and approved Jan. 17, 1908, is hereby repealed." STATE APPORTIONMENT OF SCHOOL FUNDS TO THE DIFFERENT COUNTIES FOR JANUARY AND JULY, FOR 1908. January July 50c per capita 15c per capita Adair—J. B. Johnson, AAtestville $ 1651.50 $ 495.45 Alfalfa—Gertrude Motter, Cherokee 2,735.50 820.65 Atoka—L. L. Cook, Atoka 2,868.50 860.55 Beaver—G. W. Meeks, Beaver 1,997.00 599.10 Beckham—A. R. Harris, Sayre 3,522.50 1,056.75 Blaine—Emma Gard Mills, AVatonga 2,819.50 845.85 Bryan—H. C. King, Durant 4,082.50 1,224.75 Caddo—Maude E. AVidaman, Anadarko 4,681.00 1,404.30 Canadian—Kate Mead, El Reno 2,520.00 756.00 Carter—Mrs. Mary Niblack, Ardmore 5,027.50 1,508.25 Cherokee—A. K. Ralston, Tahlequah 2,126.00 637.80 ChoctaAV—F. M. Hughes, Hugo 3,039.00 911.70 Cimarron—Mrs. Hattie Britton, Kenton 864.50 259.35 Cleveland—B. R. McDonald, Norman 3,454.00 1,036.20 104 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Coal—Ellela Allen, Lehigh 2,390.00 717.00; Comanche—J. A. Johnson, Lawton 5,335.50 1,600.65. Craig—Harvey Shelton, Vinita 2,607.50 782.25 Creek—P. T. Frye, Sapulpa 2,524.00 757.20< Custer—L. B. Snider, Arapahoe 3,157,50 951.45- Delaware—Steve Peak, Grove 1,413.50 424.05 Dewey—E. M. Frost, Taloga 2,522.50 756.75 Ellis—J. A. McLain, Grand 2,337.00 701.10 Garvin—Pearl Bradfield, Pauls Valley 4,007.00 1,202.10 Grady—R. H. AVilson, Chickasha... 3,574.00 1,072.20 Greer—J. E. Taylor, Mangum 4,347.00 1,304.10 Garfield—George Rainey', Enid 4,698.50 1,409.55 Grant—C. M. Jacobson, Pond Creek 2,988.50 896.55 Harper—Mrs. Alma Criswell, Buffalo 1,264.00 379.20 Haskell—M. L. Cotton, Stigler 2,806.00 841.80' Hughes—B. N. Hicks, Holdenville 3,119.50 935.85 Jackson—J. M. Dale, Altus 2,992.00 897.60' Jefferson—L. L. Wade, Ryan 2,059.50 617.85. Johnson—J. Frank Lilley, Tishomingo 2,544.50 763.35 Kay—E. A. Duke, Newkirk 4,399.50 1,310.85 Kingfisher—G. E. Moore, Kingfisher 3,124.00 937.20 Kiowa—Miss A. E. Lane, Hobart 3,850.00 1,155.00 Latimer—Alice Fleming, Wilburton 1,431.00 429.30- Le Flore—A. H. Crouthamel, Poteau 4,482.00 1,344.60 Lincoln—O. F. Hayes, Chandler 7,162.50 2,148.75 Logan—Neil Humphrey, Guthrie 5,733.50 1,720.05 Love—Mrs. R. Anderson, Marietta 2,078.00 623.40' Major—Charles Wright, Fairview 2,680.00 804.00 Marshall—W. M. Abernathy, Madill 2,433.00 729.90- Mayes—N. C. Hunt, Pryor Creek 1,744.00 523.20 Murray—Essie Bell, Sulphur 2,178.00 653.40 Muskogee—J. F. Gambrill, Muskogee 3,830.00 1,149.00 McLain—A. J. French, Purcell 2,445.50 733.65 McCurtain—P. K. Faison, Idabel 2,347.00 . 704.10 Mcintosh—L. G. Mcintosh, Eufaula 2,524.00 757.20 Noble—Wm. Martin, Perry 2,321.00 696.30 Nowata—Miss Blanche Larkin, Nowata 1,370.00 411.00 Okfuskee—J. D. Nelson, Okemah 2,663.00 798.90 Oklahoma—Mrs. Mary Couch, Oklahoma City.. 9,077.00 2,723.10* Okmulgee—E. B. Shotwell, Okmulgee 2,419.50 725.85- Osage—W. E, Gill, Pawhuska 2,428.50 . 728.55 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 105 Ottawa—J. T. Davis, Miami 2,313.00 694.20 Pawnee—W. R. Robinson, Pawnee 2,979.00 893.70 Payne—R. I. Bilyeu, Stillwater 4,031.50 1,209.45 Pittsburg—L. E. Christian, McAlester 6,068.00 1,820.40 Pontotoc—T. F. Pierce, Ada 3,701.00 1,110.30 Pushmataha—Erkskin Brantley, Antlers 1,063.00 318.90 Pottawatomie—Clarence Robison, Tecumseh... 9,043.00 2,712.90 Roger Mills—T. C. Moore, Cheyenne 2,523.50 766.05 Rogers—B. H. Hester, Claremore 2,977.50 893.25 Seminole—W. F. Cooper, Wewoka 2,658.00 797.40 Sequoyah—Fred Merchson, Sallisaw 3,538.00 1,061.40 Stephens—G. A. Witt, Duncan 3,463.00 1,038.90 Texas—Geo. T. Payne, Guymon 2,532.00 759.60 Tillman—A. A. Rogers, Frederick 2,628.00 788.40 Tulsa—C. W. Grimes, Tulsa 3,162.00 948.60 Wagoner—Frank Shortall, Wagoner 3,294.00 988.20 Washita—T. H. Hubbard, Cordell 4,461.50 1,338.45 Woods—F. O. Hayes, Alva 3,004.00 901.20 Washington—Flossie B. Lewis, Bartlesville 1,961.00 588.30 Woodward—Mrs. Sadie Zimmerman, Woodward 2,628.50 788.55 Totals $238,827.50 $71,653.20 Grand total, $310,480.70. OUR SCHOOL FUND. The reserved public lands of the State of Oklahoma divided into their proper classifications, are as follows: Class or kind Number of acres Common school lands 1,199,151.72 Common school indemnity lands 214,651.51 College lands 279.092.23 Public building lands 273,446.39 Greer county (section 13) 42,l914.88 Greer county (section 33) 41,619.21 Total 2,050,375.94 If we put the common school lands and the indemnity school lands together we will have 1,413,083.23 acres. These, at $20 an acre, are worth $28,276,808.00. If we put the college lands and the Greer County (section 13) lands 106 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE together, we will have, of college lands, 322,007.11 acres. These college lands at $20 per acre are worth $6,440,140.00 When we put the public building lands and Greer County (section 33) together, we have 314,065.60 acres. These public building lands, at $20 per acre, are worth $6,281,310.00. The enabling act passed June 16, 1906, gave the State for the common school in cash $5,000,000.00. V SCHOOL DISTRICT AND POPULATION OF WHAT WAS FORMERLY INDIAN TERRITORY. No. school Whole Schoolpopi ilation, 6-21 County districts population Male Female Adair 38 9,115 1,658 1,659 Atoka 43 12,113 2,217 2,153 Bryan 70 27,865 5,257 5,136 Carter 58 26,402 4,793 4,753 Cherokee .. 55 14,274 2,715 2,636 Choctaw .. . 38 17,340 3,115 3,127 Coal 45 15,585 2,703 2,768 Craig 67 14,955 2,690 2,632 Creek 62 18,365 3,057 2,911 Delaware . . 61 9,876 1,937 1,753 Garvin 61 22,787 4,202 4,235 Grady 84 23,420 3,856 3,943 Haskell 81 16,865 3,148 2,985 Hughes .... 56 19,945 3,730 3,616 Jefferson ,. . 47 13,439 2,530 2,349 Johnson .... 57 18,672 3,499 3,493 Latimer .... 27 9,340 1,568 1,519 Le Flore . . . 90 24,678 4,467 4,456 Love 31 11,134 2,156 2,077 Marshall . . . 46 13,144 2,527 2,466 Mayes 52 11,064 1,938 1,996 Murray .... 28 11,948 2,086 2,158 Muskogee . . 83 37,467 6,048 6,313 McLain 40 12,888 2,317 2,272 McCurtain . 83 13,198 2,492 2,356 Mcintosh .. . 60 17,975 3,338 3,328 Nowata .... 49 10,453 1,738 1,682 Okfuskee . . 39 15,595 2,858 2,727 Okmulgee .. 41 14,362 2,490 2,430 Osage 58 15,332 2,614 2,389 OttaAva 45 12,827 2,303 2,178 Pittsburg . . 87 37,677 6,270 6,120 Pontotoc .. . 61 23,057 4,312 4,222 Pushmataha 36 8,295 1,455 1,448 Rogers 38 15,485 2,727 2,645. Seminole .. . 43 14,687 2,788 2,626 Sequoyah . . 54 22,499 4,188 4,104 Stephens ... 68 20,148 3,769 2,724 Tulsa 29 21,693 3,472 3,272 AA^agoner . . . 70 19,529 3,640 3,517 AArashington 19 12,813 1,889 1,900 Totals (41 counties)... 2,200 708,306 126,557 123,074 SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND POPULATION OF AVHAT WAS FORMERLY OKLAHOMA TERRITORY. Jo. school Whole Schoolpopu ilation,6-2f County districts population Male Female Aalfalfa 102 16,070 2.850 2,805 Beaver 168 13,364 1,953 1,923 Beckham 73 17,758 3,182 3,233 Beckham .... 73 17,758 3,182 3,233 Blaine 106 • 17,227 2,977 2,918 Caddo 160 30,241 5,150 5,068 Canadian .. . 74 20,110 3,449 3,305 Cimarron . . . 46 5,927 786 777 Cleveland . . . 68 18,460 3,635 3,453 Comanche .. . 148 31,738 5,446 5,136 Custer 96 18,478 3,323 3,135 Dewey 107 13,32'9 2,378 2,278 Ellis 108 13,978 2,228 2,252 Greer 85 23,624 4,257 4,348 Garfield 126 28,300 4,669 4,746 Grant ...... 122 17,638 3,153 2,952 Harper 70 8,089 1,210 1,245 Jackson 61 17,087 3,276 2,955 Kay 97 24,757 4,115 4,057 Kingfisher ... 117 18,010 3,219 3,176 Kiowa 107 22,247 3,769 3,674 Lincoln 140 37,293 7,033 6,812 Logan 97 30,711 5,106 5,089 Major 104 14,307 2,659 2,551 Noble 74 14,198 2,511 2,385 Oklahoma .. . 86 55,849 7,991 8,265 Pawnee 72 17,112 3,141 2,961 Payne 96 22,022 4,113 4,010 Pottawatomie 125 43,272 7,809 7,645 Roger Mills . 96 13,239 2,252 2,264 Texas 112 16,448 2,443 2,346 Tillman 72 12,869 2,264 2,140 Washita .... 101 22,007 4,256 4,111 Woods 109 15,517 2,694 2,567 Woodward .. 116 14,595 2,505 2,324 Totals (34 counties)... 3,441 705,871 121,902 118,906 TEACHERS' INSTITUTES. The last legislature passed an institute law, which we believe embodied' many excellent provisions, but our limited space will not permit us to enter into a full discussion of all of its features at this time. By its operation three institute periods are made possible during the summer months or vacation season. The first period closes the last Friday in June, the second period the last Friday in July, and the third period the last Friday in August. This makes it very convenient, not only for those who wish to attend some of these institutes, but also for those who wish t© serve as instructors and conductors in these institutes. It also provides that the county commissioners of each county shall ap propriate for the support of each institute the sum of $200, or such a part thereof as may be demanded by the county superintendent. This means a great deal to each institute, but we would have been pleased to have seen a much larger appropriation made possible. We also believe that some State aid should be given these institutes, since many of the new counties hardly feel able to make the necessary appropriation that might be reasonably de manded by the county superintendent. At the same time, in these very counties where a long institute is most needed the examination and enrollment fees are not sufficient to meet the necessary expenses incurred in the employment of the conductor and instructors. For this reason, we think that the State ought, in some instances, at least, to make some provision whereby State aid might be extended to such institutes. AAte believe that today we have the best system of county institutes known in any State of the Union, in spite of any defect that may exist in the present law, and we hope that we may continue to hold this honored place. We herewith append a list of the county institutes held last year, together with a financial statement of the same. LIST OF COUNTY INSTITUTES IN OKLAHOMA FOR THE YEAR 1908. First Period Closed Last Friday in June, or on June 26. Second Period Closed LaLst Friday in July, or on July 31. Third Period Closed Last Friday in August, or on August 28. Certificates First Name Grade Is Conductor Date Salary 1st 2d 3d Adair Cherokee Tahlequah .. .D. Frank Reed June 1 61 97 29 110 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE J. N. Clark $100 W. S. Renick 100 Alfalfa Cherokee . • H. C. Fellow June 1 125 H. B. Scott 100 8 26 27' A. I, Jordan 75 Beaver Beaver ... .T. J. Perry June 1 125 W. S. Herring 37.50 Mrs. Pearl Herring 37.50 3 20 24 - AV. E. Fickle 37.50 . .. Beckham Sayre .A. H. Burris June 1 100 • R. N. Linville 85 Hugh A. Carroll 70 18 45 68 Josephine Embry 75 Jessie Randell 75 Delaware Grove H. M. Fowler June 1 100 F. M. Bringor 100 16 11 15 Jonona Ballard 100 Ellis Grand W.T.Clark July 6 125 R. J. Hughes 100 3 15 35 Hattie Haynes 65 Garfield Enid E. S. McCabe June 1 135 A. L. Shattuck 100 M. H. Wright 100 S. A. Maroney 100 C. M. Long .. .. Grant Medford G. C. Wakefield. .. .July 6 110 26 73 66 Loren AA^illiamson 80 H. R. Ritter 80 Laura Garrison 80 Bessie L. Mann 40 Lena Osborne 80 Greer Granite Harper. Buffalo T.J.Perry July 6 100 3 14 34 J. S. Westhafer 80 Nannie L. Davis 25 Fannie E. Miller Hughes Holdenville • .S. C. Corner June 1 90 6 4 18 Seminole Bessie Andrews 75 ...... Sadie Mann 75 Madge Finley 60 V. H. Durham June 1 125 26 23 66 S. J. Payne C. P. Hicks 100 Jefferson W. P. Stewart June 1 125 33 43 45 Stephens Duncan Mollie Ratts 100 Grady F. C. Hardie 100 Lillian Gronner 100 Edgar Cowan 100 Jackson Altus C. M. Allen Aug. 3 100 8 29 26 W. H. Decker 60 Bert McClelland 50 112 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Kay Ponca City. .R. E. Tope June 2 120 25 52 54 A. K. Gossom 85 J. S. Westhafer 85 H. G. Parrick 85 E. A. Duke Kiowa Hobart .A. E. Lane June 1 23 32 55 A. J. Foster 100 R. M. Caldwell 100 Ida Van Patten 75 Grace Fernander 75 Kingfisher Kingfisher .E. H. Hall Aug. 3 100 18 24 44 Jas. F. Browne 85 F. F. Bailey 65 Lincoln Chandler .J. H. Bayes June 1 125 11 60 70 Chas. Evans 125 .. Mattie Kirtley 75 .. Edith Holland 75 .. Logan Guthrie .Snowden Parlette 100 .. J. N. Clark 100 . . Paul E. Laird 75 .. M^Curtain Idabel .P. K. Faison Aug. 3 100 11 Fern H. Sizer Marshall Ardmore .F. H. Umholtz June 1 200 Love .M. E. Moore 100 Carter .J. Frank Lilly 100 Johnston .W. C. French 100 Pontotoc .F. AV. Whinery 100 Murray .A. C. Canterbury 100 Garvin .W. M. Abernathy 100 McLain .Lulu Wiley 60 Lorena Hinds , 100 Jeanne King , 75 Mayes Pryor Creek. .John Burks June 1 AV. T. Ford MjIntosh(col; Eufaula C. C. Buttram. June 8 50 5 6 9 F. J. Gordon 50 Major Fairview Guy M. Lisk June 1 100 10 43 50 Geo. E. Wright S. V. McGreevy 80 ...... ivoble Perry J. W. Mayberry June 1 125 9 34 38 S. J. Creswell 85 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 113 F. W. Anderson 75 Nowata .Chas. H. Roberts. .July 6 125 55 73 61 Rogers Claremore .Chas. B. Smith 100 Oraig ,W. G. Masterson 100 M. E. Jarrell 100 O. M. Abbott 100 J. W. Hayman 50 Lydia Astenberg ...... 50 Okfuskee Weleetka .Thomas Scott June 1 125 Okmulgee .Chas. B. Smith 80 G. W. Hilderbrandt 80 Kate Barbom 80 Ottawa Miami .J. T. Davis June 15 2 16 20 T. T. Montgomery 50 AV. H. Kilgore 50 Oklahoma (col) Oklahoma .Geo. W. Carry July 6 100 17 54 12 A. Baxter AVhitby 75 J. H. A. Brazelton 60 D. G. Horton 60 Oklahoma Oklahoma .J. B. Taylor July 6 150 31 61 48 S. J. Creswell 100 G. W. Derrick 100 S. B. Lippincott 100 E. C. Marshall 75 Lula Wiley 45 Osage Pawhuska .A. H. Parmelee. . . . July 6 75 18 31 19 1 illie Hickman 60 Mayme Miller 50 J. R. Langley 90 Pittsburg (col.) Hartshorne .J. W. Pettus June 1 80 7 37 LeFlore,H'skellLatimer .. .E. V. VanHorn Coal and Atoka .L. A. Benton Pittsburg Atoka .J. H. Ramsay 100 Coal Hartshorne .Calvin Ballard June 1 50 120 77 Haskell .A. E. Riling 100 LeFlore .T. F. Craighead 100 Latimer . E. L. Rodman 100 Pottawatomie.Tecumseh . .Scott Glen June 1 125 20 45 62 Chas. H. Roberts 110 John H. Payne 100 114 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Clarence Robison Linda K. Davis 65 Payne Stillwater .L. J. Barton July 6 C. L. Keezer R. H. Ewing Choctaw Hugo ... .A. S. Faulkner July 6 90 20 21 24 Pushmataha .H. C. King 100 .. E. B. Neely 100 .. L. W. Weber 30 .. Pawnee Pawnee . .J. E. McCutchen. . .July 6 E. P. Lane B. F. Brown Roger Mills... Cheyenne .G. D. Moss July 6 100 5 10 43 A. L. Rust 75 S. V. McGreevy 75 Sequoyah Sallisaw .H L. Nicholas July 6 100 16 28 23 J. AV. Sallis 100 J. D. Miller 85 Texas Guymon . Cimarron Tulsa Tulsa .... Tillman Frederick .W. P. Stewart Aug. 12 75 12 27 16 AA^. T. Dodson 25 Grace Fernandes 25 A. A. Rogers 25 Washington.. .Bartlesville .L. J. Barton June 1 130 17 Lynn Glover 130 C. L. Keezer 130 Wagoner (col.) Wagoner .John R. Mayme 100 Wagoner .Walter Falwell ... .June 1 25 39 48 Muskogee Eufaula , .C. L. Garber 100 Mcintosh .J. G. Mitchell 125 C. W. Briles 115 John Davis 100 Zama Prickett 80 Woodward Woodward .John Burk July 6 125 Wyman Green 100 Hugh Caroll 100 Woods Alva .F. O. Hayes June 1 100 8 36 86 Geo. Wilson 140 Frank Wyatt 140 U. J. Griffith 140 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 115 A. G. Vinson 100 B. F. Brown 100 Miss Abroms 140 A. Belcher 100 Wyman Green Geo. Knipe 180 Lucy Haskell 100 Washita Cordell .. .J. H. Bayes July 6 125 17 25 53 G. A. Coffey 100 Lot M. Jones 90 Leona Logue 90 Greer .Mangum W. A. Allen June 2 100 11 21 49 G. AV. Sims 60 Lilla Mcintosh 70 Custer AVeatherford ..J. F. Sharp June 1 216 50 100 150 AVm. S. Bryan 140 G. AV. Bohanan 140 George Sanders 100 E. E. Balcomb. 140 R. N. Linville 100 Roy T. House 140 Charles AV. Pratt 100 Lula Vrooman 100 AN INSTITUTE WEEK FOR THE STATE TEACHERS' MEETING. Believing that much good will result to our teachers from attending the meetings of the State Teachers' Association from time to time, I have de cided to declare the period of time extending from December 28 through January 1, an institute week, and I hope that school officers everywhere in the State will co-operate with me as much as possible in urging teachers to attend these meetings. This year the following proclamation was sent to all the county superintendents and city superintendents in the State: "To School Superintendent and School Officers of Oklahoma: "We are anxious to make the next meeting of the State Teachers' Associ ation at Shawnee, Okla., the best one that has ever been held in the State, and we want you to co-operate with us in this effort by making the week of Dec. 28, 1908, to Jan. 1, 1909, a public institute week, by paying all of your teachers who will attend the meeting, regular salaries during this week. "This week's work will bring your teachers a greater return and will be worth more than a term's work in any of our best schools, because your teachers will have the opportunity of getting in touch with the ideas of the leading educators of the State, and also with some of the greatest educators 116 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE and scholars in America, such as Bishop William A. Quayle, one of our greatest orators and educators; State Superintendent E. C. Bishop of Ne braska, our most successful organizer of agricultural work in the public schools; Mr. O. J. Kern, the leading county superintendent of the land; Prof. Charles Lane, the best teacher-humorist extant, and others of this type. Now the benefits derived by the teachers from attending this meeting will in the end be given to your schools and the improvement in the work that will result will make the autlay a good investment for the children in your community. Under ordinary circumstances the teacher who attends the association pays twice for the privilege, since he not only loses pay for the time lost, but is also out of pocket for the expenses of the trip. This is manifestly unfair and is a wrong that should be righted at once. In view of these facts, I therefore declare the period of time extending from Dec. 28, 1908, through Jan. 1, 1909, a general institute week for the State, and I call upon county superintendents, city superintendents and school officers everywhere in the State to authorize their teachers to attend the meeting of the State Teachers' Association on the date mentioned and have their regular salaries allowed during this period. "Hoping that this will meet with a generous response on the part of everybody interested, I am, Respectfully, "E. D. CAMERON State Superintendent." We desire to express our thanks to the following officers of the State Teachers' Association of 1908 for their assistance in urging and prevailing upon school officers to co-operate with me in making the institute week, as well as the State teachers' meeting, a grand success: President—Charles Evans, superintendent city schools, Ardmore. Vice-president—C. L. Keer, superintendent city schools, Stillwater. Secretary—Maude E. Widaman, county superintendent schools, Anadarko. Treasurer—Wm. R. Robinson, county superintendent schools, Pawnee. OTHER TEACHERS' ASSOCIATIONS. Besides the Oklahoma State Teachers' Association, we have several other associations that are doing splendid work. The Southwestern Teach ers' Association held its regular meeting at Lawton on November 27 and 28, and a splendid program was given at their last meeting. The officers of last year were as follows: T. B. Rybolt—president, superintendent city schools, Lawton. W. T. Dodson—vice-president, superintendent city schools, Frederick. Miss A. E. Lane—secretary, county superintendent of schools, Hobart. J. M. Dale—treasurer, county superintendent of schools, Altus. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 117 The Chickasaw Teachers' Association. Another strong and successful teachers' association is the CMekasaw Teachers' Association, which held its annual meeting this year sit Ada, on November 27 and 28. This, I believe, is the pioneer teachers' association of that part of the State formerly known as Indian Territory. The original call for the organization of this association was made by Pauls Valley, which also has the proud distinction of having established the first free public school in the Indian Territory. The original call was made by Superintend ent John W. Wilkinson of Pauls Valley, and later Superintendent N. T. Pool of Purcell, Superintendent J. R. Hendrix of Ardmore and Superintendent I*. M. Logan of Wynnewood joined him in requesting the teachers of the Chick asaw Nation to meet at Pauls Valley for the purpose of organizing the Chickasaw Teachers' Association. A generous response was given this call and many prominent educators from other states attended, among W&OXB wat President R. H. Jesse of Missouri. The present officers are as follows: Charles Evans—president, Ardmore. C. R. French—vice-president, Wynnewood. Essie Bell—secretary, Sulphur. The Northwestern Teachers' Association. This is one of the youngest, but one of the strongest teachers' association* organized in the State. Its first meeting was held in Alva, Okla., last year. Its second annual meeting was held this year at Carmen on November 21 and 28, and a very successful session was held. The officers for the last year were: S. A. Beachamp—president, Alva. George Wright—vice-president, Cleo. Mrs. S. V. McGreevy—secretary and treasurer, Goltry. ARBOR DAY. PROCLAMATION OF THE PRESIDENT. Arbor Day (which means simply "Tree Day") is now observed in every State in our Union, and mainly in the schools. At various times from Jan uary to December, but chiefly in the month of April, you give a day or part of a day to special exercises, and perhaps to actual tree planting, in recog nition of the importance of trees to us as a nation, and of what they yield in adornment, comfort and useful products to the communities in which they live. It is well that you should celebrate your Arbor Day thoughtfully, for within your lifetime the nation's need of trees will become serious. We of an older generation can get along with what we have, though with growing hardship; but in your manhood and womanhood you will want what Nature once so bountifully supplied, and man so thoughtlessly destroyed; and be cause of that want you will reproach us, not for what we have used, but for what we have wasted. For the nation,as for the man or woman and the boy or girl, the road to success is the right use of what we have and the improvement of present opportunity. If you neglect to prepare yourselves now for the duties and responsibilities which will fall upon yau later, if you do not learn the things which you will need to know when jour school days are over, you will suffer the consequences. So any nation which in its youth lives only for the day, reaps without sowing, and consumes without husbanding, must expect the penalty of the prodigal, whose labor could with difficulty find him the bare means of life. A people without children would face a hopeless future; a country without trees is almost as hopeless; forests which are so used that they can not renew themselves will soon vanish, and with them all their benefits. A true forest is not merely a storehouse full of wood, but, as it were, a factory of wood, and at the same time a reservoir of water. When you help to preserve our forests or to plant new ones you are acting the part of good citizens. The value of forestry deserves, therefore, to be taught in the schools, which aim to make citizens of you. If your Arbor Day exercises help you to realize what benefits each one of you receives from the forests, and how by your assistance these benefits may continue, they will serve a great end. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 119 The Session Laws of 1904 provide that the Friday following the second Monday in March of each year shall be known throughout Oklahoma as Arbor Day. It also provides that it shall be the duty of the authorities of the public schools in this State to assemble the pupils in their charge on that day in the school buildings, or elsewhere, as may be deemed proper, to pro vide for, and under the general supervision of the county superintendent or city superintendent or other chief officers having the general oversight of the public schools in each county or city, such exercises as shall tend to encourage the planting, protection and preservation of trees and shrubs, and an acquaintance with the best methods to be adopted to accomplish such results. Superintendent Miller of West iVrginia says: "A successful Arbor Day must see two ends accomplished. Trees must be planted and something of importance about trees must be learned to make it a practical day's work. It is not enough to recite pretty poems and bits of sentiment about trees. If we want their cooling and comforting shade about our schoolhouse doors and the walks of our cities and villages, Ave must take mattock and spade in hand and set out the small trees and shrubs that will, in a few years, grow into the handsome trees that we admire. But these trees should not remain strangers to us. We should become acquainted with them. We should learn about them; how they should be planted, in what kind of soil they flourish, how they should be trimmed, to what plagues they are subject, and the remedy in each case. All this is useful knowledge, and will afford us pleasure in the constant care and study which we will have the opportunity to bestow all our lives on the trees we plant, even while we are going to school." SUGGESTIONS. 1. Provide plenty of good music, and decorate the schoolroom with pic tures of trees, birds and pretty homes. 2. Give especial emphasis to poems, quotations and to reports by the pupils. 3. Select trees and shrubbery for planting beforehand, and have the ground made ready in time—a rich soil. 4. Have as many patrons as well as pupils as you can possibly arrange for on the program. 5. Encourage the pupils to plant in their home grounds. 6. Be enthusiastic in the work. FORESTRY. Superintendent Harmon of Montana says: "The loss and destruction of our forests in all sections of the country are unfortunate facts, to which the attention of both our State and national gov ernments has often been called. How to prevent their further destruction, how to increase tree planting, how to encourage forest growth, forest culti vation and forest protection, are problems constantly before the American people for solution." "The climatic history of the Old World," says Dr. Felix Oswald, "will re peat itself in America. If forest destruction at the present reckless rate Bhould continue much longer, our continent will have to dry up. Its sig nificance may be inferred from the experience of the Mediterranean coast lands, where thousands of god-gardens have been turned into Gehennas of wretchedness and desolation. By tree destruction alone a territory of 4,500,- €00 square miles has been withdrawn from the habitable area of our planet. The history of the Eastern Hemisphere is the history of a desert that origi nated somewhere near the cradle of the Caucasian race and spreading west ward and southward, has blighted the Edens of three continents like a de vouring fire, and is now scorching the west coast of Africa, and sending its warning sand.clouds far out to seaward." I hope the day is not far distant when every citizen of this State will take an active interest in tree planting. Our roads and highways should be lined with trees, and every farmer should be required to set out a certain number of trees along the roads that adjoin his farm every year. This will relieve the monotony of our treeless and barren prairies, and in the course of time may produce beneficial climatic changes in such regions. Teachers can inaugurate this work by organizing local forestry clubs or associations In the school houses, and through the children may enlist the sympathy and co-operation of their parents in the movement for tree planting and forest extension. In conclusion, let me quote you in this connection again from Superin tendent Harmon, who says: "Instead of one day being set apart for tree planting, let a full week or more be given by all citizens to this one question of national importance. Xiet the rancher give the same care and attention to tree planting that he now gives to grain raising; let the merchant, the artisan ,the stock grower, the corporations, all give this matter earnest, enthusiastic attention, and we STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 121 predict that forest destruction in the near future will be restricted by proper legislation; that tree planting and forest cultivation will become steady and regular occupations encouraged by State and nation; that a systematic course of forest protection will be enacted and vigorously enforced, and that the next fifty years will do much, a great deal, in fact, toward restoring our forests to their ancient grandeur and to a value and wealth greater with each recurring year." BIRD DAY. "The purpose of the Audubon Society is too well understood to need reiteration. This article is to set forth some of its methods, especially such as apply to schools. It is particularly important that the work of the Audu bon Society be brought before the pupils of the schools, because not only is that the time of life when impressions are strongest and when tendencies develop, but also every boy may, through the lack of proper training, be a very destructive enemy of bird life. We hope to see the time when parents will consider a spyglass a better present for their son than an air gun. "Largely through the efforts of the Audubon Societies, there is hardly a State in the Union but has some stringent laws for the protection of birds. But it is not enough to stop the destruction of birds. Let us also work for the encouragement of bird life. The destruction of forests has taken away the natural building places of many species. Almost every householder insists upon keeping one or more semi-domesticated, totally worthless cats, every one of which destroys a number of birds each year. If we enjoy having the song birds in our vicinity, some of us have a very queer way of showing our appreciation."-—Thomas R. Moyle. As no day has been set apart for Bird Day in Oklahoma, I respectfully rec ommend that teachers everywhere in the State set apart a portion of Arbor Day for Bird Day exercises, and that children be taught on that day the value and importance of protecting our birds, instead of constantly making war on them. . MEMORIAL DAY. "The Nation's Holy of Holies Is About the Resting Place of Her Soldier Dead." "On a beautiful May Day more than thirty years ago there gathered be neath the overhanging boughs of a fruit-bearing tree, beside an open grave, the friends and kinsmen of one who, though a mere boy, had smelled the smoke of battle, felt the sting of lead and won for himself the golden crown of martyrdom in the military service of his country. There were also gath ered there a few of his old companions in arms—bronzed veterans, survivors of the dreadful carnage of Malvern Hill and the awful slaughter of Gettys burg, who had come to drop a tear at a comrade's grave and breathe a prayer for the safety of his soul. Just as the solemn rites of burial were over and the last shovelful of earth had been heaped upon his last resting place, God's breath shook the overhanging boughs, and sweet and beautiful apple blossoms came gently down and decorated that young hero's grave; and ever since, when the pleasant days and flagrant flowers of spring come, the loyal people of this country gladly follow the example Heaven so gra ciously set, and see to it that no veteran's grave is neglected." The custom of decorating the graves of soldiers was begun in the Old World, and in our country it was first followed in 1862 by Mrs. Sarah J. Evans, who went into the army with her husband and remained until the close of the war, caring for the sick and wounded; but to Gen. John A. Logan belongs the honor of inaugurating Decoration Day, and the first memorial proclamation was issued, by him as commander of the Grand Army of the Republic on May 5. No nobler or grander sentiment was ever expressed than is set forth in the following closing words of his proclamation: "I et us, then, gather round their sacred remains and garland the pas sionless mounds above them with the choicest flowers of springtime; let us raise above them the dear old flag they saved from dishonor; let us, in this solemn presence, renew our pledges to aid and assist those whom they have left among us as a sacred charge upon a nation's gratitude—the soldier's and sailor's widow and orphan." The bitterness engendered by the Civil AArar is now past, and with its passing has come the new Memorial Day, when all, regardless of party Leeling, may assemble with perfect propriety and decorate the graves of 124 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE both the blue and the gray. As the poet has aptly expressed it: "Of the blue and the gray, what matter today? For each some fond heart weeps; So, children dear, make the spot less drear Wherever a soldier sleeps." "'For the old blood left a stain That the new has washed away, And the song of those That have faced as foes Are marching together today." So now let us, forgetting the bitterness of the past, arrange each year to Lok! suitable exercises for Memorial Day in aft of our schools and teach our children to revere the honored dead of both the blue and the gray. I l.bf :-e?":ore recommend that all regular work of our schools be suspended on that day and that our children be given an opportunity to assist their parents and friends in decorating the graves of our soldier dead, whether they were ):<::)&8 of the Revolution, the Civil War or the late Spanish-American War. Let us know no East, no West, no South, no North, but let us be one in heart, one in thought and one in spirit. Let no word of bitterness or regret mar the solemnity of Memorial Day, but let it be an occasion of the utmost sac-redness in which the deeds of the patriots of both the blue and the gray may bs TaeM ©ro as incentives to patriotism in our children. LINCOLN CENTENARY. With the view of Oklahoma taking its place in the front with a fitting ob servance of February 12, 1909, the centennial of the birth of Abraham Lin coln, our martyred president, Governor Haskell has appointed a committee of five of the leading citizens from each of the five congressional districts, with Judge Jesse J. Dunn as chairman, to devise a plan for a statewide observance of the day. The object is to hold memorial services and to form a state Lincoln centenary committee, to co-cperate with the Lincoln Farm Association in the preservation cf the Lincoln birthplace farm as a na tional memorial. The movement lias been heartily indorsed by the late ex-President Grover Cleveland, President Roosevelt and President-elect W. H. Taft. ' , j | ;j The association has raised something more than $100,000 of the needed funds, but about $80,000 mere is required to complete all the work and pro vide for a future maintenance. More than 80.000 people have already con tributed. The deficit is to be raised, if possible, from the rank and file of the American people at the centennial celebration in donations from 25 cents and upward. Chairman Dunn in a few days will issue a call for the committee to meet. The personnel of the committeemen follow: First.Congressional District: W. L. Eagleton, Pawnee; Frank Hamilton, Enid; Henry'E. Asp, Guthrie; Rcy V. Hoffman, Chandler; E. P. Blake, Black- well. Second Congressional District: The mas B. Ferguson, Watonga; Dr. D. H. Patton, Woodward; P. E. Gillette, Anadarko; Paul Nesbit, Oklahoma City; W. B. Walker, Clinton. Third Congressional District: Charles J. AVrightsman, Tulsa; Joseph Butler, Vinita; O. AV. Killam, Gro, e; Oscar Hays, Webber Falls; Fred Pfendler, Sapulpa. Fourth Congressional District: G. AAr. Phillips, Caney; D. N. Robb, Atoka; A. L. Severance, Durant; J. t>. Spragins, Ardmore; Ed McKenna, Poteau. Fifth Congressional District: J. F. Bishop, Chickasha; S. C. Massingale, Cordell; J. AV. Ryder, Granite; J. O. long, Sayre; J. H. Anderson, Snyder. WASHINGTON'S AND LINCOLN'S BIRTHDAYS. "Both Washington's and Lincoln's birthdays have been made legal holi days. Never since the creation of man were two human beings so unlike, so nearly the extremes of opposition to each other as Washington and Lin coln. The one an aristocrat, by birth, by breeding and association; the other in every sense and by every surrounding a democrat. As the richest man in America, a large slaveholder, the possessor of an enormous landed estate and the leader and representative of property, the culture and col leges of the Colonial period, Washington stood for the conservation and preservation of law and order. Lincoln, on the other hand, was born in a cabin among that class known as poor whites in slaveholding times, who held and could hold no position and whose condition was so helpless as to paralyze ambition and effort. His condition, so far as surroundings were concerned, had considerable mental but little moral improvement by the removal to Indiana and subsequently to Illinois. But Lincoln attained from the log cabin of the poor white in the wilderness the same position which George Washington reached from his grand old mansion and palatial sur roundings on the Potomac. He made the same fight unselfishly, patriotically and grandly for the preservation of the republic that Washington had done for its creation and foundation. AVidely as they are separated, these two heroes of the two great crises of our national life stand together in represent ing the solvent powers of the inspiring processes and the hopeful opportuni ties of American liberty. The one coming from the top to the presidency, and the other from the bottom to the presidency of the United States, the leadership of the. people, the building of government and the reconstruction of states, they gradually illustrate the fact that under our institutions there is neither place nor time for the disturber, the anarchist, but there is a place and always a time, notwithstanding the discouragements of origin or of youth, for grit, pluck, ambition, honesty and brains." Generous February brings early in the month the anniversary of the birth of one of the nation's great men, Abraham Lincoln. The life of Lincoln interests both young and old pupils, showing, as it does, how a man may work his way from the humblest surroundings to the highest position that the country can offer him. In the observation of the anniversary of Lin coln's birth do not choose exercises or tell stories that may perpetuate the bitterness that once existed between the north and the south. Dwell, rather, STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 127 upon the nobility of Lincoln's nature, and instill a reverence for his heroism and bravery. Just ten days later, or on February 22, we celebrate the birthday of George Washington—America's greatest general, patriot and statesman. In this connection I feel like saying, with Francis Bellamy: "It is fitting that the public schools of America unite year by year to do honor to this first American. AVahsington's farewell address to his country men was a reminder that a nation governed by public opinion must be, before all, an enlightened nation. America now lifts up her public schools as her response to his appeal, that in this land of equality knowledge should be universal. "On his birthday we joyously recognize that these public schools of ours are the arteries through which flows the very life blood of the republic. If our nation is to fulfill her divine mission, our citizens must guard well this priceless birthright, the inheritance of every child over whom floats the American flag." PRESIDENT J. H. CONNELL. PROF. CHARLES H. ROBERTS. FLAG DAY. The Session Laws of 1905 make it obligatory upon every board of edu cation of every school district within Oklahoma to own and display within the schoolhouse a United States flag, and imposes a penalty of not less than $10 nor more than $100 upon each member of said board for non-compliance with the provisions of this law. I sincerely believe that this law ought to be fully enforced, but something more than this is necessary. If our children do not know the history of the flag and do not know what this emblem means to our people, there would be no particular advantage in having the flag in each school house, as provided in the law mentioned. I think that every child in the State should be told something concerning the historic building situated at No. 239 Arch street, Philadelphia; in which the first flag of the United States of America was made by Betsy Ross and subsequently adopted by Congress June 14, 1777. In harmony, therefore, with a worthy custom which is generally preva lent among all the states of the Union, I hereby recommend that Monday, June 14, 1909, the 132d anniversary of the birth of the flag, be set apart and observed as flag day by all the schools of the State that happen to be in session at that time. I think it would also be well for all of our county superintendents to take up this work and arrange for special programs wher ever possible. A little later we hope to be able to send out special literature on this subject, which will be sent free to all teachers who may wish sugges tions on this subject. STATEHOOD DAY AND INDEPENDENCE DAY. The 16th of November should ever with the people of Oklahoma be placed close up to the Fourth day of July. Independence Day is a monument to the day that marked our national existence. The 16th day of November is a monument to the day on which we gained our local independence and became a sovereign State in the great American Union. We think it is fit ting and proper that our teachers and school children commemorate this day the same as the Fourth of of July with appropriate ceremonies and exer cises. The State Superintendent will be glad to furnish to school officers and teachers at any time, upon request, suggestions and suitable programs for either Independence Day or Statehood Day. STATISTICAL REPORT OF THE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. Dl O (0 E -o 0)E E E w E — (/) re .E o E o re re •a 5J E •o -a 4-1 — E re FOR THE SEVENTY-FIVE COUNTIES OF OKLAHOMA FOR 1908. ENUMERATION OF PERSONS BETWEEN THE AGES OF 6 AND 21. White. Male ' 235,710 Female 222,771 Total 458,481. Colored. Male 19,354 Female 19,376 Total 38,730 Aggregate 497,211 NUMBER OF PUPILS ENROLLED IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS. White. Male 139,209 Female ' 137,063 Total ' 276,272 Colored. Male 10,337 Female 10,466 Total 20,803 Aggregate 297,075 AVERAGE DAILY ATTENDANCE. Male 87,870- x emale 87,794 Total 175,673 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 133 NUMBER OF TEACHERS EMPLOYED. White 8,091 Colored 645 Total : 8,736 Number of rural schools taught 5,361 Number of city schools taught 463 Total 5,824 Number of cities of the first class 63 CERTIFICATES ISSUED. First grade 830 Second grade 2,550 Third grade 3,091 Temporary 1,208 Total 7,679 AVERAGE SALARIES. Male $57.83 Female 49.22 Number of colleges and academies 64 Value $3,440,880 Number rural school buildings 5,361 Value : $3,147,622 Number city school buildings 463 Value . $13,657,785 Number rural school districts 5,656 Average number districts to county. ., 75.4 SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND POPULATION Of What Was Formerly Indian Territory. School Whole School population Total school Counties districts population Male Female population 41 2,200 708,306 126,557 123,074 249,631 SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND POPULATION Of What Was Formerly Oklahoma Territory. School Whole School population Total school Counties districts population Male Female population 34 3,441 705,871 121,902 118,906 240,808 THE STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. We believe it would be to the interest of the State for the next legisla ture to revive the old territorial law creating a State board of education, composed of the president of the State University, the president of the Cen tral Normal School, the State Superintendent of Public Instruction, one county superintendent and one city, superintendent, to be appointed by the Governor, and that the law be so amended as to add the president of the A. & M. College and the president of the Eastern State Normal School when this institution is established. This arrangement is suggested, in order that all parts of our educational system may be thoroughly harmonized and brought into close relationship with each other. We make this recommendation with deep reluctance because of the great friendship and affection we have for the gentlemen who now compose the present State board of education, together with the State Superintendent. Aside from our friendship for the Governor, the attorney-general and the sweet- spirited and genial secretary of State, I appreciate the fact that they are men of exalted talents and varied learning, and that their services are valuabl to the State in this department, but we are now laying the perma nent foundation of our great State public-school system, ana the gentlemen who now so graciously occupy a position of the State boards of education, • because of the offices they hold, cannot succeed themselves, and the chances are that the positions in the service of the State they now adorn will be filled by gentlemen of a lower order of intelligence and patriotism, and there are many advantages in having men on the State board of education who are engaged exclusively in the school work of the State. Most of the work of the State board of education has been clone this year by the State Superintendent, under the advice and direction of the board, and the State Superintendent desires to put on record in this report his high appreciation of the members of the beard and his deep gratitude and thanks to them for their advice and assistance at all times. Perhaps the most important work of the State board of education is the proper administration of the law in regard to State certificates. The State Superintendent, under the direction of the State board of education, has prepared questions for city and county examinations, and also for the exam inations of conductors and instructors in the county institutes of the State. Acting under the authority of the board, the State Superintendent has issued certificates to all applicants who have passed such examinations sue- cessfully that were given for State certificates. HON. E. D. CAMERON, PRESIDENT STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION AND STATE SUPT. PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 135 KINDS OF STATE CERTIFICATES. Two classes of certificates are now issued by the State board of education: (1) The elementary State certificate, grnntc" only through the State normal schools, on examinations prescribed and held under the direction of the State board of education. The fee is $2, which is sent to the county superintendent of the county where the applicant resides. (2) The high-class professional certificates issued by the State board of education upon examinations and credetnials. The free is $3. 1. THE ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATES. These correspond in rank with county certificates, and are of three grades. The requirements for each grade are the same as for county certificates. 2. THE PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATES. The high-class professional certificates issued by the State board of education are as follows: General, High Echools, Special, Grammar School, Primary School and Kindergarten. 47. Grammar School Certificate. Applicants for State grammar-school certificates must be the holders of first-grade county certificates or diplomas from some reputable college and must pass a successful examination in Orthography. Physiology and Hygiene. Composition. Narcotics and Stimulants. Descriptive Geography. Agriculture. English Grammar. Domestic Science. Penmanship. Theory and Practice. Civics and Oklahoma Constitution. Bookkeeping. U.S.History and Oklahoma History. Elementary Physics. Reading. Public School Music. Arithmetic. General History. Elementary Algebra. English Literature. Physical Geography. American Literature. General and High School Certificates. General and high-school certificates may be issued to applicants with twelve months' experience who pass a successful examination in the sub jects required for a grammar-school certificate and in the following addi tional subjects: REQUIRED GROUP A. GROUP IV. Plane Geometry. Primary Teaching or Kindergarten Advanced Algebra. Training. 136 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Advanced Physics. Methods and Management. Psj'chology. School Supervision. History of Eductaion. Oklahoma School Law. (1 required.) ELECTIVE GROUP I. GROUP V. Astronomy. Two years' work in— Solid Geometry. Latin. Spherical Geometry. Greek. Plane Trigonometry. German. Spherical Trigonometry. French. Calculus. Spanish. (1 required.) (1 required.) ELECTIVE GROUP II. GROUP VI. Botany. Rhetoric. Zoology. History oi the English Language. Advanced Agriculture. English Literature. Chemistry. English Essays. Geology. English Drama. Mineralogy. American Literature. (2 required.) (1 required.) GROUP III. GROUP VII. Economics. Music. Ancient History. Drawing. Modern History. History of Art. English History. Manual Training. American History. Domestic Art. Economic History. Elocution. Logic or Ethics. Physical Culture. (2 required.) Military Science. (1 required.) Special Certificates, The board of education may issue special certificates to any one who by examination or any credentials, or by both, shall satisfy the board of his special fitness to teach one or more of the particular studies for which spe cial certificates may be granted, and who may satisfy the board as to his scholarly attainments and his standing as a teacher. Special certificates may be granted in Drawing, Manual Training, Physical Culture, Ancient and Modern Languages, English, History and Civics, Mathematics, Science, Music, commercial, technical or industrial branches. Candidates for special high-school certificates must be graduates of a HON. BILL CROSS, SECRETARY BOARD OF EDUCATION AND SEC RETARY OF STATE FOR OKLAHOMA. . ' STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 137 reputable college, with bachelor's degree, and must have had not less than eight years of high-school and college work. They are also required to pre sent credentials showing that they have had not less than three years of special advanced training in the subjects named in the special certificates issued them. The applicant must also have had not less than half a year of post-graduate work in some accredited university. However, as an equiva lent, the board may consider any evidences of scholarship, education, expe rience, training, travel or culture that may be offered. Primary Certificates. Applicants for primary State certificates shall furnish evidence, by writ ten examinations, that they are qualified to teach, in any primary grade, from the first to fourth, inclusive. An applicant for the primary certificate must be the holder of a first-grade county certificate or a diploma from some accredited primary training schools, and must by examination or otherwise, show himself familiar with the methods of teaching the primary work in the following subjects: Music, Numbers, Nature Study, Drawing, Reading, Lan guage, Penmanship, Physiology, Hygiene, Narcotics and Stimulants, Agricul ture, Geography, History, Domestic Science; also how to originate Busy Work and Industrial Occupations. Primary certificates entule the holder to teach in any primary grade in any public school from the first to the fourth grade, inclusive. Kindergarten Certificates. Kindergarten certificates are not granted upon examination, but only upon credentials. They entitle the holder to teach in the kindergarten de partment of any normal school or common school in the State. The creden tials recognized are diplomas from the kindergarten training department of the Oklahoma State normals, and such other schools in other states as have a place on our accredited list. Reading Circle Certificates. Teachers taking the reading circle work in the county institutes may have all grades above 85 per cent made in the institute carried over and ercorded for credits toward a State certificate for a period of three 3rears, provided the usual filing fee is sent with each application for recording such grades. The fee is $3. On the completion of the institute course of study teachers will receive a normal institute diploma, which shall be recognized as a testimonial of high merit. Teachers holding a first-grade certificate and a normal institute diploma, upon application to the county superintendent, shall be granted a professional certificate which sholl be recognized as a license superior to a first-grade certificate. Upon presentation of the professional certificate to 138 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE the State Superintendent with an indorsement from the county superintend ent, teachers may have all grades above 85 per cent on reading circle certifi cates and county certificates counted toward securing a State certificate. In addition to the subjects required for a first-grade county certificate the following branches are required for a State grammar-school certificate, and these have been grouped in the reading circle course as follows: FIRST YEAR. SECOND YEAR. Agriculture. History of Education. Domestic Science. General History. American Literature. Oklahoma History. Psychology. Public School Music. Pedagogy. Algebra. English Literature. -• Examinations in these branches will be given at each regular county teachers' examination period, and all grades of 85 per cent or more may be carried over and recorded for credits toward a State certificate for a period of three years, provided the usual filing fee is sent with each application for recording such grades. The county superintendent should not admit any one to the reading circle examination who does not enroll in the county institute and pay the regular county institute fees, in addition to the reading circle fee. Next year we hope to organize a high school reading circle course car rying branches required for a high-school certificate. Send all papers for grading to the State Superintendent at Guthrie. Institute Certificates. Examinations for institute certificates will be held in each county and at each State normal school on the Saturday following the last Thursday and Friday of January, April and October. The requirements are as follows: 1. Every applicant must be a graduate of an accredited school or college, or he must be the holder of a first-grade county certificate. 2. The fee for a conductor's certificate is $2. The fee for an instructor's certificate is $1. 3. The subjects required for an instructor's certificate are as follows: Psychology, Composition English and American Literature, History of Education, and Theory and Practice. 4. Applicants for a conductors certificate must have held previously an instructor's certificate, and must have taught at least one institute preceding the date of the application. In addition to being examined in all the subjects required for an instructor's certificate, the applicant for a conductor's certifi cate will also be examined in Philosophy of Education and School Law. GOV. C. N. HASKELL, MEMBER STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 139 CERTIFICATES ON CREDENTIALS. Four kinds of certificates may be issued on credentials; namely, High •School, Grammar School, Kindergarten and Specials. The State board de termines the credentials upon which these may be issued. 1. Accredited List of Normal Schools. (For Grammar School Certificates.) The State board of education has recommended the following list of nor mal schools as being of equal rank with the State normal schools of Okla homa. The State board of education will grant the grammar-school certifi cate without examination to the holder of the highest-grade diploma issued by any one of these normal schools. In case the school issues more than one kind or grade of diploma, the applicant must present evidence that his di ploma meets the requirements for a State grammar school certificate: Arkansas State Normal, Conway. Arizona Normal Schools: Flagstaff. Tempe. Colorado State Normal School, Greeley. Connecticut State Normal Schools: New Britton. Willimantic. New Haven. Hawaiian Territorial Normal School, Honolulu. Illinois State Normal Schools: Chicago Normal School, Chicago. Eastern Illinois State Normal School, Charleston. Illinois State Normal University, Normal. Northern Illinois State Normal School, De Kalb. Southern Illinois State Normal School, Carbondale. Western Illinois State Normal Schools, Macomb. Indiana State Normal School, Terre Haute. Iowa State Normal School, Cedar Falls. Kansas State Normal School, Emporia. Louisiana. State Normal, Natchitoches, La. Maine State Normal Schools: Castine. Gorman. Farmington. Massachusetts State Normal Schools: 1. Bridgeport. G. Westfield. 2. Framingham. 7 Worcester. 3. Fitchburg. 8. Hyannis. 4. Lowell. 9. North Adams. 5. Salem. 140 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Michigan State Normal Schools: 1. Ypsilanti. 3. Marquette. 2. Mt. Pleasant. > Minnesota State Normal Schools: 1. Mankato. 3. St. Cloud. 2. Moorhead. 4. Winona. Missouri State Normal Schools: 1. Kirksville. 4. Springfield. 2. AVarrensburg. 5. Maryville. 3. Cape Girardeau. New Jersey State Normal School, Trenton. Nevada State Normal School (Normal Department Nevada University), Reno. New York State Normal Schools: Albany. Newpaltz. Brockport. New York City Noraml. Buffalo. Oneonta. Cortland. . Oswego. Fredonia. Plattsburg. Geneseo. Potsdam. Jamaica. North Carolina State Normal and Industrial College, Greensboro. Oklahoma State Normal Schools: 1. Central Normal, Edmond. 2. Northwestern, Alva. 3. Southwestern Normal, Weatherford. Pennsylvania State Normal Schools: Bloomsburg. • Lock Haven. California. Mansfield. Clarion. Millersville. East Stroudsburg. Shippensburg. Edinboro. Slippery Rock. Indiana. West Chester. Kutztown. ; Philadelphia Normal School for Girls. Rhode Island State Normal School, Providence. South Carolina Winthrop Normal and Industrial College, Rock Hill. South Dakota State Normal School, Spearfish. Tennessee Peabody College for Teachers, Nashville. Utah State Normal School( Normal Department, Utah University), Salt Lake City. Washington City Normal School No. 1, Washington, D. C. Washington State Normal Schools: EHcnsburg. Bellingham (Whatcom). ATTORNEY-GENERAL CHARLES WEST, MEMBER STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 141 Cheney. Wisconsin State Normal Schools: Milwaukee. StevensPoint. Oshkosh. West Superior. Platteville. Whitewater. River Falls. 2. Accredited Universities and Colleges. (For General and High School Certificates.) Graduates of the following institutions who have taken courses in Peda- •gagy, or in the actual practice of teaching under the supervision of a compe tent pedagogical faculty, equivalent to ten hours per week for one scholastic year, in which at least one-third of the time has consisted of actual teaching in a well-equipped training school, may be granted certificates upon the pre sentation of a recommendation from the dean of the department of education or from the faculty of any one of these institutions: (a) UNIVERSITIES—STATE INSTITUTIONS. Alabama, University. Mississippi, University. California, Berkeley. Missouri, Columbia. Colorado, Boulder. New Jersey, Princeton. Connecticut, New Haven. New York—Cornell, Ithaca. Chicago, Chicago. North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Georgia, Athens. North Dakota, University. Harvard, Boston. Ohio, Athens. Illinois, Urbana. Oklahoma, Norman. Indiana, Bloomington. Pennsylvania, State College. Iowa, Iowa City. Rhode Island—Brown, Providence. Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, South Carolina—Clemson,Clemson Col Kansas, Lawrence. Tennessee, Knoxville. Kentucky, Lexington. Texas, Austin. Louisiana, Baton Rouge. Utah, Salt Lake City. Maine, Orono. Virginia, Charlottesville. Massachusetts, Cambridge. Washington, Seattle. Michigan, Anna Arbor. West Virginia, Morgantown. Minnesota, Minneapolis. Wisconsin, Madison. (b) COLLEGES—PRIVATE AND DENOMINATIONAL. California: New York: Leland Stanford, Palo Alto. Columbia, New York City. Colorado: Vassar, Poughkeepsie. Colorado College, Colo. Springs. North Carolina: Florida: Trinity, Durham. 14?, SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE John B. Stetson, Deland. Ohio: Illinois: Cincinnati, Cincinnati. Northwestern, Evanston. Oklahoma: University of Chicago, Chicago. Epworth, Oklahoma City. De Pauw University, Greencastle. Kingfisher, Kingfisher. Kansas: Harry Kendall, Tulsa. Baker, Baldwin. Pennsylvania: Kentucky: Bryn Mawr, Bryn Mawr. Berea College, Berea. Swarthmore, Swarthmore. Central University, Danville. Tennessee: Louisiana: Fisk, Nashville. Tulane, New Orleans. University of the South, Sewanee. Massachusetts: Vanderbilt, Nashville. Tufts College, Tufts College. Texas: Missouri: Baylor, Waco. Central College, Fayette. Southwestern University, George Westminster, Fulton. town. William Jewell, Liberty. Austin College, Sherman. Washington, St. Louis. Texas Christian University, North Missouri Valley College, Marshall. Waco. Drury College, Springfield. Virginia: Pandolph—Macon, Ashland. Richmond, Richmond. (c) TECHNICAL SCHOOLS AND TECHNICAL INSTITUTES. Alabama: Massachusetts: Polytechnic Institute, Auburn. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Georgia: Worcester. Georgia School of Technology, New Jersey: Atlanta. Stevens Institute, Hoboken. Illinois: New York: Armour Institute, Chicago. Brooklyn Polytechnical Institute, Indiana: Brooklyn. Rose Polytechnic, Terre Haute. Rensselaer, Troy. Oklahoma: A. & M. College, Stillwater. (d) ACCREDITED STATE DOCUMENTS. Oklahoma recognizes the life diplomas and State certificates from other states when the requirements for such certificates are equivalent to the requirements of Oklahoma for the same kinds of certificates; provided, such states recognize similar documents issued by the State of Oklahoma. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 143 (e) STATE NORMALS. Graduates of State normal schools who have credits in advanced work covering all of the State requirements for a high-school certificate may have these grades accepted in lieu of an examination for State high-school certifi cates and life diplomas when the required amount of experience has been had. 3. Accredited Kindergarten Training Schools. The Oklahoma State board of education has approved the following kin dergarten training institutions, and may grant, without examination, a State kindergarten certificate to the holders of diplomas of graduation from these institutions who present recommendations of fitness for this work from the presidents or principals of such schools, dated within twelve months of the application. Blackheath Kindergarten Froebelian School and Training College for Teachers, London, England. Chicago Froebel Association, Chicago, 111. Chicago Kindergarten College, Chicago, 111. Chicago Kindergarten Institute, Chicago, 111. Chicago Free Kindergarten Association, Chicago, 111. Cincinnati Kindergarten Association, Cincinnati, Ohio. Drake University Kindergarten Training School, Des Moines, Iowa. Froebelian School, Longwood, Chicago, 111. Golden Gate Kindergarten Association, San Francisco, Cal. The Teachers' College of Indianapolis for the Training of Kindergartners and Primary Teachers, formerly the Indiana Kindergarten and Primary Nor mal Training School, Indianapolis, Ind. Kindergarten College, Pittsburg, Pa. Kindergarten Department, Boston Normal School, Boston, Mass. Kindergarten Department, Edge Hill Training College, Liverpool, England. Kindergarten Department of Teachers' College, Columbia, University, New York, N..Y. Kindergarten Department, State Normal School, Greeley, Colo. Kindergarten Department, State Normal School, Mankato, Minn. Kindergarten Department, State Normal School, Oswego, N. Y. Kindergarten Department, Wisconsin State Normal School, Milwaukee, Wis. Kindergarten Normal Department of the Ethical Culture School, New York, N. Y. Kindergarten Training Department of the Nebraska State Normal School, Peru, Neb. Kindergarten Training Department, Omaha Public Schools, Omaha, Neb. 144 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Kindergarten Training Department, Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y. Kindergarten Training Department, State Normal School, Fredonia, N. Y, Kindergarten Trainig School, Columbus, Ohio. Kindergarten Training School of the Grand Rapids Kindergarten Associ ation, Grand Rapids, Mich. Louisville Free Kindergarten Association's Training School, Louisville, Ky. The Law-Froebel Kindergarten Training School, Toledo, Ohio. Kindergarten Department of the State Normal School, Westfield, Mass. Kindergarten Training School, 82 St. Stephen St., Boston, Mass. Kindergarten Department State Normal School, New Britain, Conn. Kindergarten Department Kansas State Normal, Emporia, Kansas. Minneapolis Kindergarten Training School, Minneapolis, Minn. Miss Wheelock's Kindergarten Training School, Boston, Mass. Oakland Kindergarten Training School, Oakland, Cal. Oberlin Kindergarten Training Association, Oberlin, Ohio. Philadelphia Training School for Kindergartners, Senior Course, Phila delphia, Pa. The Froebel School, Providence, R. I. The Stout Training School for Kindergarten Teachers, Menomonie, Wis. Toronto Normal Kindergarten Training School, Toronto, Can. Utica, Kindergarten Training School, Utica, N. Y. Kindergarten Department of Normal School, Dayton, Ohio. Pestalozzi-Frobel Kindergarten Training School, Chicago, 111. Garland Kindergarten Training School, Boston, Mass. Perry Kindergarten Normal School, Boston, Mass. Miss Page's Normal Kindergarten School, Danvers, Mass. Kindergarten Training School of State Normal, Winona, Minn. • Kindergarten Training School, Epworth University, Oklahoma City, Okla. Kindergarten Training Department, Central Normal, Edmond, Okla. Kindergarten Training Department, Northwestern Normal, Alva, Okla. Kindergarten Training Department, Southwestern Normal, Weatherford, Okia. 4. The Accredited Lists. Any institution of learning of equal rank with any of the schools given upon this circular may make application for a place on our accredited lists. Such applications must give full and detailed information as to the require ments for admission, the course of study, faculty and equipment and condi tions of graduation. Catalogues and buleetins of the institutions desiring to be accredited should also be filed at the time the application is made. OKLAHOMA RECIPROCAL RELATIONS. Between Oklahoma and Other States, Concerning the Indorsement of Highest Grade of Life Certificates and State Normal Diplomas. Oklahoma recognizes state certificates and diplomas from all state uni versities and normal schools when the requirements for these documents are the same as those covered by Oklahoma state certificates; provided, the said states recognize Oklahoma State certificates and diplomas from Okla homa State schools upon the same conditions. RECIPROCAL LIST. Reciprocal indorse-Reciprocal indorsement ment of life certifi- of State normal State cates school diplomas Remarks Ala No No Ark. law forbids Ark No No Ariz Professional exami-Professional examina- nation required tion required Cal Limited certificate is-Yes; grammar school Includes Cal. grammar- sued before life is school certificates issued Colo No No Colo, law forbids Conn. . . .No No Conn, law forbids Del...... No report No report D. C No law for it Yes Fla No No Fla. law forbids Ga No No Ga. Law forbids Idaho .. .If issued on exami-No nation only 111. law forbids 111 No Yes Ind. law forbids Ind Yes Yes Iowa... .lst-grade certificate 2d-grade certificate Kansas..Yes Yes Ky. law forbids Ky No No La. issues no state cer- La No tificate Yes Maine. . .No report No report Md No report No report Mass....No No Mass. law does not au- 146 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE thorize Mich No No Minn.. . . Yes Yes; grammar school Miss No report No report Mo Yes No No report Neb Yes , • Yes Nev Yes No report N. H No No N. J Issues 2-year certifi- Yes; issues 2-year cer- cate, which be- tificate, which be comes permanent comes permanent N. M Yes Yes Accepts lst-grade coun ty certificate. N. Y. .Yes Yes N. C. .No No N. C. issues no life cer tificates N. D....If graduate of nor- Yes; course must cov- mal school, col- er Okla. require- lege or university ments Ohio .. . .Yes No Ohio has no normal cer tificates Oregon. .Yes Yes Pa Yes Yes; refers to new 3- year course in Pa. normals R. I Considers each case Considers each case on its merits on its merits S. C Considers each case Considers each case on its merits on its merits S. D Yes Yes Tenn....Yes Yes Tenn. has no life cer~ tificates Texas... No Yes Texas law forbids Utah. .. .Considers each case Considers each case on its merits on its merits Vt Yes Grants 5-year certifi Recognizes primary cate and kindergarten cer- Va Yes Yes Wash.... Option of state b'd Option of State board W. Va.._No report No report Wis Option of state b'd Option of State board Wyo Yes Yes UNIFORM TEXT-BOOK LAW. The constitution of Oklahoma, article 13, section 6, requies that the legis lature sholl provide for a uniform systef of text-books for the common schools of the State. This is one of the best provisions of our excellent •constitution for the educational work of the State, and I am glad to say that the last legislature carried cut this requirement by passing house bill No. 331, which created a State text-book commission and provided for the adop tion by this commission of a uniform system of text-books, registers, records and school apparatus for use in all the grades of the public schools up to and including the Twelfth grade. The use of these books is made obligatory also upon cities of the first class, and heavy penalties are imposed for all violations of the law. Our limited space will not allow us to give the law in full, but we herewith append some of the salient features of this act: EXTRACTS FROM TEXT-BOOK LAWS. Discontinuing Unsatisfactory Books. Section 13. It shall be a part of the terms and conditions of every con tract made in pursuance of this act that the State of Oklahoma shall not be liable to any contractor thereunder for any sum whatever, but all such contracts shall receive compensation solely and exclusively from the pro ceeds of the sales of school books as provided in this act, and it is hereby provided that the State shall have the right to terminate said contract when ever the law is repealed or amended, altered or qualified as to make neces sary or expedient that such contract should be revoked, or as to such book or books, registers and records as may be published by or at the cost of the State; Provided, Further, That the commission shall have the power by a majority vote, to discontinue the use of unsatisfactory books, registers and records at the end of any school year during the continuance of this contract and to make another adoption, and all contracts shall contain a stipulation to that effect. Cancelling Contracts. The State may, at its election, cancel any contract entered into by virtue of the provisions of this act, for fraud or collusion upon the part of either party to the contract or any member of the commission, or any person, firm, corporation or their agents making- said bond or contract, and for the can cellation of any such contract, the attorney-general is hereby authorized to 148 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE bring suit in any court of competent jurisdiction in the State, and in case of the cancellation of any contract as provided in this act, the damages are fixed at not less than the amount of said bond, to be recovered as liquidated damages In the same suit, cancelling such said contract. And on account of the difficulty in determining the damage that might accrue by reason ol such fraud and cancellation of such contract, the full amount of the bond given by any contractor shall be considered as liquidated damages, to be recovered out of said bond by the State at the suit of the attorney-general, and every contract shall contain a clause to this effect. Places Where Books Must Be on Sale. Section 15. The party or parties with whom the contract shall be made shall place their books, registers, records and school apparatus on sale at as many places in each county of the State of Oklahoma as the commission may airect for the distribution of the books to the patrons, and the contractor shall be permitted to make arrangements with the merchants or other per sons for the handling and distribution of the books. All books shall be sold to the consumer at the retail price fixed by the commission. Upon the fail ure of any contractor under the provisions of this act to furnish the books, registers, records or apparatus as provided in this contract, the county super intendent of public instruction of such county shall immediately report the fact to the attorney-general, and he shall bring suit on account of such fail ure, in the name of the State of Oklahoma, in any court of competent juris diction in the State, and shall recover on the bond given by such contractor for the full value of the books, registers, records and apparatus not furnished as required, and, in addition thereto, the sum of one hundred dollars, and the amounts so recovered shall be placed to the credit of the available school fund of the State. School Officers Must Use Adopted Registers, Etc. Sec. 18. The trustees and school boards of the various schools of the state using books, registers, records and apparatus adopted by the commission shall hold annual meetings and make an estimate of the number of school text books, registers, records and apparatus needed in said school for the term next commencing therein, and a report thereof shall be made to the county superintendent of public instruction in said county immediately, and not later than the first day of August next thereafter, and the county superin tendent shall, as soon as possible, and not later than the 10th of August of each year, and oftener, if the necessity of a school requires it, make out his requisition from (he report so received and from any other source, and send it to the State Superintendent, when such books are printed by the State or the school publisher or publishers having contracts under the provisions STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 149 •of this act, stating therein the number of books, registers, records and apparatus of each kind needed for the school of his county. Exclusive Use. Section 19. The books and apparatus adopted by the commission under the provisions of this act shall be introduced and used as text-books, regis ters, records and apparatus, to the exclusion of all others, in the common school of this State. Exchange Privilege. Section 4. The commission shall stipulate in the contract that where a change shall have been made from the books now in use in this State, the contractor or contractors shall take in exchange the respective books and receive the same in exchange for new books at a price not less than 50 per cent of the contract price. Such exchange period shall not continue longer than one year from the date of contract. Contracts, Official Samples, Stamping of Price. Section 7. All contracts shall be made in duplicate and one copy shall remain in the custody of the Secretary of State and be copied in full in the minutes of the meeting of the commission, in a well-bound book, and the other copy to be delivered to the publishers or agent thereof. All books, registers and records furnished under such contract shall be equal in all respects to the specimen or sample copies furnished with the bids; and it shall be the duty of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction to pre serve in his office, as the standard of quality and excellence to be maintained In such books, registers and records during the continuance of such contract, the specimen or sample copies of all books, registers and records which have been the basis of any contract, together with the original bid and pro posal. The contract and exchange price of each book shall be plainly printed .on the back of each book, together with the following notice: "The price marked hereon is fixed by the State, and any deviation therefrom should be .reported to the State Superintendent of Public Instruction." Publishers' Fines. Section 10. Any publisher, person, firm or corporation submitting bids, • or agent of such publisher, person, firm or corporation, who shall connive at or seek to procure a change of the series of text-books, registers, records or any school apparatus by the commission before the expiration of the period in which a uniform system of text-books is established in this State, shall be jruilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction, shall be fined not less than 150 SECOND BIENNIAL EEPORT OF THE Teachers and School Officers' Fines. Section 11. It shall be unlawful for any teacher, trustee or school board of any common school in this State to purchase or contract for any chart, map, globe or other apparatus, unless the same shall have been submitted to the Text-Book Commission of this State at a regular or special session, and by them approved and a maximum price therefor fixed by said commis sion. Agents' Fines. Section 12. Any person who shall sell to any teacher, trustee or school board of any common school of this State, any chart, map, globe or other school apparatus which has not been approved by the Text-Book Commission of this State, and any person who shall request or endeavor to persuade any such teacher, trustee or school board, or any member thereof, to purchase any chart, map, globe or other school apparatus, the sale of which is hereby prohibited, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and liable to a fine ol not less than fifty nor more than two hunt.red dollars. Superintendent's Notice. Section 16. The State Superintendent of Public Instruction shall address a circular letter to the county superintendents, trustees and school boards of the various schools of the State, which circular letter shall contain a list of the books, registers, records and apparatus adopted, with their respective prices, together with such other information as he may deem advisable. Penalty for Overcharges. Section 17. If any local agent, dealer, clerk or other person handling or selling the books, registers, records, maps, charts or other apparatus adopted under this act, shall demand or receive for a copy of any of the books, reg isters, records, or for any chart, map, globe or other apparatus adopted under this act more than the contract price, he shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction, shall, for each offense, be punished by a fine of not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars. Penalty for Non-Enforcement. Section 20. Any school trustee who shall prevent or aid in preventing the use, in any common school in this State, or the books, registers, records and apparatus, or any of them, as adopted under the provision of this act, or any teacher in this State who shall wilfully fail or refuse to use the books, registers, records and apparatus adopted under the provisions of this act, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction, shall be fined in any sum not less than twenty-five nor more than fifty dollars for each offense, and each day of such wilful failure or refusal of said teachers, or wilful pre vention of the use of the books, registers, records or apparatus by said school trustee, shall constitute a separate offense.. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 151 Prompt Distribution. Section 21. The commission may, from time to time, make any necessary regulations not contrary to the provisions of this act to secure the prompt distribution of the books, registers, records and apparatus herein provided for, and for the prompt and faithful execution of all contracts. Oklahoma Prices Not to Exceed Prices Elsewhere. Section 9. The publishers or bidders shall file with each proposal a sworn statement of the lowest price at which book, chart, map, globe or other apparatus offered is sold anywhere in the United States, under like condi tions of distribution. Said publishers or bidders must further agree to re duce the price of any book or apparatus adopted by the commission, if reduc tions are made below such contract price anywhere in the United States, so that at no time may any book or apparatus be sold in Oklahoma at a higher price than is received for the same book, register, record or apparatus elsewhere in the United States where like conditions of distribution prevail. Acting under the authority of this law, Governor Haskell appointed a text-book commission, which met on July 29 and continued in b°ssion until the close of August 4. Under the provisions of the law the commission con sists of the Governor and six members appointed by his excellency. The members of the text-book commission at the present time are as follows: Governor C N. Haskell, president Guthrie Rev. T. F. Brewer, secretary Norman Superintendent J. D. Benedict Muskogee Superintendent M. B. Moore Marietta Prof. J. H. Barnes Enid Prof. D. B. Collums Stillwell Hon. C. B. Belt Norman This commission adopted a uniform list of text-books for use in the. pub lic schools of the State to be used in the schools of the State at the opening of the fall session in 1908. This list is given in full in the official text-book circulation, which may be had on application to the State Superintendent. In order to insure absolute uniformity in the use of the text-books adopted in all of the public schools, the State Superintendent, acting under instruc tions from the State board of education, prepared a course of study for the use of all the teachers of the State. In this work the State Superintendent was assisted by City Superintendent M. B. Moore of Marietta and Prof. T. F. Brewer of the State University, both members of the State text-book com mission, and also by many other prominent educators of the State. THE OKLAHOMA COURSE OF STUDY. In presenting to you the Oklahoma Course of Study we desire to call your attention to the fact that it is the work of eminent educators who have contributed their time and talents for many years in the adaptation of a course of study suited to the needs of our common schools. These schools are practically the same in Oklahoma as in Kansas, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri and Texas. The same principles apply everywhere. The old cry that we must have something suited to our special conditions has led many to waste much unnecessary and misguided energy in an effort to prepare something special, instead of accepting as a guide the vast experience gained by our fellow workers who have specialized in this particular field of labor. Our course of study for common schools is not the work of one man, but of many. It is not the work of the inexperienced, but of superintendents and educators of prominence who have studied every phase in the work of supervision for years. We append here only a brief outline of the course of study for common schools in Oklahoma, but the full course of study containing suggestions and directions for every month of the work in each branch may be obtained from the Hammond & Stephens Co. of Fremont, Neb. We recommend that county superintendents ask the county commissioners to make an appro priation sufficient to supply every teacher in the county with a copy of the Complete Course of Study for Common Schools. Copies of the New Revised A SUGGESTED COURSE CONTAINING ADOPTED TEXT-BOOKS. First Year. Oklahoma Primary Reading Chart, Haliburton's Manual and Drill Book. Basic Primer and Basic First Reader. Supplementary Primer and Supplementary First Reader, Haliburton's. Phonics in Reading. Puntenney's Primary Arithmetic in hands of teacher. American Bird and Nature Study Chart. Second Year. Basic Second Reader and Two Supplementary Readers. Doub's Speller. Eaton's Penmanship. Thompson's Drawing for Rural Schools. Prang's Art Education for City Schools. ARDMORE HIGH SCHOOL, ARDMORE, OKLA. TULSA HIGH SCHOOL, TULSA, OKLA. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 1^3 Puntenney's Primary Arithmetic. American Bird and Nature Study Chart. Third Year. Basic Third Reader and two supplementary readers. Doub's Speller. Smith's Primary Arithmetic. \ Eaton's Penmanship. Thompson's Drawing for Rural Schools. Prang's Art Education for City Schools. Modern Music Series. American Bird and Nature Study Chart. Reed's Introductory Language Work. Krohn's First Book in Physiology and Hygiene. Fairbank's Home Geography in the hands of the teacher. Fourth Year. Basic Fourth Reader and First Supplementary Fourth Reader. Doub's Speller and Webster's Primary Dictionary. Smith's Primary Arithmetic. Reed's Introductory Language Work. Modern Music Series. Eaton's Penmanship. Thompson's Drawing for Rural Schools. Prang's Art Education for City Schools. Frye's Primary Geography. "• , Fairbank's Home Geography. Krohn's First Book in Physiology and Hygien®. American Bird and Nature Study Chart. Fifth Year. Basic Fifth Reader and First Supplementary Fifth Reader. Doub's Speller. Smith's Primary Arithmetic. , Frye's Primary Geography. Reed & Kellogg's Graded Lessons in. English. Modern Music Series. Eaton's Penmanship. Thompson's Drawing for Rural Schools. Prang's Art Education for City Schools. Thomas' Elementary United States History. ; j American Bird and Nature Study Chart. i , 154 SECOND BIENNIAL EEPORT OF THE i Sixth Year. Basic Fifth Reader and First Supplementary Sixth Reader. Doub's Speller. Webster's Primary Dictionary. Hill's Dictionary, Speller and Etymology, Supplementary. •Smith's Practical Arithmetic. tThoburn & Holcomb's Oklahoma History (alternate with United States History). Burkett, Stevens & Hill's Agriculture for Beginners, American Bird and Nature Study Chart. Thompson's Drawing for Rural Schools. Prang's Art Education for City Schools. Krohn's Graded Lessons in Physiology. Redway & Hinman's Complete Geography. Reed & Kellogg's Graded Lessons in English. Thomas' Elementary United States History (alternate with Oklahoma History). American Bird and Nature Study Chart. Seventh Year. Curry's Literary Readings. Doub's Speller. Webster's Common School Dictionary. Hill's Dictionary, Speller and Etymology, Supplementary. Smith's Practical Arithmetic. Redway & Hinman's Complete Geography. Reed & Kellogg's Higher Lessons in English. fThomas' History of United States (alternate with Thoburn & Holcomb's Oklahoma History). Evans & Bunn's Civics. Ferguson & Lewis' Principles of Agriculture, supplementary text, commenced, American Bird and Nature Study Chart. Krohn's Graded Lessons in Physiology. , ; Eaton's Penmanship. • • : Thompson's Drawing for Rural Schools. Prang's Art Education for City Schools. American Bird and Nature Study Chart. Eighth Year. Curry's Literary Readings. Doub's Speller. Reed .& Kellogg's Higher Lessons in English completed and Reed A STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 155 Kellogg's High School Grammar commenced. Carson's Handbook of Composition. Smith's Practical Arithmetic completed. Lincoln's Boston School Kitchen (alternate with Krohn's Graded Lesson3 in Physiology). Redway & Hinman's Complete Geography, alternate with Ferguson & Lewis' Agriculture. Thomas' United States History, basal, Atkinson-Mentzer Historical Maps. tEvans & Bunn's Civics and Oklahoma Constitution. Eaton's Penmanship. Thompson's Drawing for Rural Schools. Prang's Art Education for City Schools. In addition to these, Hill's Etymology and Speller, Scott's Practical Eng lish, Mayberry's Physiology and Nihart's Arithmetic may be used as supple mentary texts. American Bird and Nature S' idy Chart. •It Is recommended that Wentworth's Mental Arithmetic be used in the sixth, seventh and eighth grades. fit is recommended that all grades above the sixth grade review State His tory an(j state Civics during che term. GENERAL HIGH SCHOOL COURSE—SCHEME I. Ninth Grade. Janes & Jenks' Bellum Helveticum, or Modern Language. Reed & Kellogg's High School Grammar, also Herrick & Damon's Rhet oric and Composition. Colaw & Bllwood's Advanced Arithmetic and Elementary Algebra,, alternate. Carson's Handbook of Composition. Doub's United States History, basal, alternate with Oklahoma History, Civics (supplementary). Rochelpau's Commercial Geography. ELECTIVES. Scott's Practical English. Hill's Etymology and Speller. Music. Manual Training. Domestic Science and Agriculture, including Horticulture, Stock Feeding Forestry and Road Building. 156 SECOND BIENNIAL EEPORT OF THE Tenth Grade. •Walker's Caesar and Bennett's Latin Writer, or Modern Language. Herrick & Damon's Rhetoric and Composition, with American Literature^ Milne's High School Algebra. Bookkeeping (open list). General History (open list). Gilbert & Brigham's Physical Geography, and Agriculture, including Hor ticulture, Stock Feeding, Forestry and Road Building. ELECTIVES. Scott-Foresman series of Classics and Maynard & Merrill's Classics for supplementary use. Music. Manual Training. Stenography. Typewriting. Hill's Etymology. '" •• Eleventh Grade. •D'Ooge's Cicero and Bennett's Latin Writer, or Modern Language. Abernathy's American Literature, with Rhetoric and Composition. Milne's High School Algebra, completed. West's Ancient History. Physics. Schutt's Plane Geometry. ELECTIVES. Botany (open list). Supplementary list of Classics. Music. Manual Training (open list). Chemistry (open list). Stenography and Typewriting. Hill's Etymology. Twelfth Grade. •Bennett's Virgil, with Bennett's Latin Writer, or Modern Language. Newcomer's English Literature. Schutt's Solid Geometry. West's Modern History. Hessler & Smith's Chemistry. Political Economy, or United States History (Doub's). STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 157 ELECTIVES. Zoology (open list). Supplementary Classics. Salisbury's Psychology. Trigonometry (open list). Physiography (open list). Stenography and Typewriting. Hill's Etymology. Carson's Handbook of Composition may be used throughout the course, if desired, in connection with the work in English. •Allen & Greenough's Latin Grammar is to be used throughout the course in the study of Latin. UNIVERSITY HIGH SCHOOL COU RSE—SCHEME 2. The requirements to enter the University of Oklahoma are fifteen units, 9y2 of which are prescribed, 5% are electives. A unit of entrance credit, as used here, represents a year's work in a subject based on four or more 45-minute recitation periods a week, with ninety minutes' daily preparation. The 9y2 prescribed are as follows: English, 3; Mathematics, 2% (1% Algebra and 1 Geometry);2 of one foreign language; 1 of History and 1 of Physics. First Year. FIRST SEMESTER. SECOND SEMESTER. English Composition. English Composition. Latin (first year). Latin (first year). Algebra. Algebra. Physical Geography or Elementary Physical Geography or Elementary Agriculture. Agriculture. Second Year. FIRST SEMESTER. SECOND SEMESTER. Rhetoric and Composition. Rhetoric and Composition. Latin (Caesar). Latin (Caesar). Plane Geometry. Plane Geometry. History (ancient, modern or gen- History (ancient, modern or gen eral), eral). Third Year. FIRST SEMESTER. SECOND SEMESTER. English Literature. English Literature. Latin (Cicero) or German. Latin (Cicero) or German Algebraic Theory. Solid Geometry or some elementary Botany or Zoology. science. Botany, Zoology or Manual Train ing. 158 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE Fourth Year. FIRST SEMESTER. SECOND SEMESTER. American Literature. American Literature. Latin (Virgil) or German. Latin (Virgil) or German. American History and Government American History and Government and Oklahoma History. and Oklahoma History. Physics. Physics. •Allen & Greenough's Latin Grammar is to be used throughout the course in the study of Latin. The above is suggested as a good single course where the teaching force is limited; it includes the 9y2 prescribed units and also offers 6% additional, making in all, 16 units. In some places Bookkeeping and reviews arc given in the place of one of the units. Where the teaching force and equipment are sufficient, additional elec- tives may be offered, and can be given with profit. In such cases we advise courses in Manual Training. We also recommend that the part of the time of the fourth year be devoted to the study of Oklahoma History. We recom mend one-half year of Algebra be given after the year of Plane Geometry, and also that at least one-half year of Advanced Algebra should be taught after the Plane Geometry. High School United States History should be given in the third or fourth year of the course, instead of the first year. The last point is of especial importance, for if high school United States History is attempted immedi ately after the eighth-grade work it will be found to be almost as elementary as the eighth grade work. Doub's book is admirably adapted for. the third or fourth year of the high school. Of the 15 units that are required 9y2 are specified and 5% are left to election. The 9y2 prescribed are such as all high schools will naturally have. The University requires at least 3 units or years of English, 2 units of some foreign language, 2y2 of Mathematics (iy2 of Algebra and 1 of Geom etry), 1 of History, 1 of Physics, 5y2 elective from anything of high school grade; total, 15. J. S. BUCHANAN, Chairman of University Committee on High School and Entrance Credits. THEO. F. BREWER, Professor of Secondary Instruction and High School Visitor. Sept. 14, 1908. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 159 HIGH SCHOOL COURSES in Use at the Alfalfa County High School and the Logan County High School. SUBJECTS FOR GRADUATION. The subjects for which a graduation credit is given, together with the number of units, are arranged in six groups, as follows: GROUPI. English, 4 units. 3 units required in all courses. English Ancient, 1 unit GROUP II. English, 1 unit. units required in Classical History. American and Govern- and Normal Courses. ment, 1 unit. Arithmetic, y2 unit. Commercial Arithmetic, iy2 units. Elementary Algebra, 1 GROUP III. unit. •2y2 units requiri in all Mathematics. Advanced Algebra, y% courses. unit. Plane Geometry, 1 unit. Solid Geometry, y2 unit. Latin, 4 units. ©ROUP IV. German, 2 units. Foreign Greek, 2 units. 2 units required in all courses Languages. French, 2 units. except Commercial. Spanish, 2 units. Physiography, 1 unit. GROUP V. Physics, 1 unit. 2 units required in Normal Sciences. Biology, 1 unit. and Classical Courses. Chemistry, 1 unit. Bookkeeping, l1/^ units required in Commercial Course, Stenography, 1 unit required in Commercial Course. English Correspondence, y2 unit required in Commercial Course. Typewriting, 1 unit required in Commercial Course. Business Practice, y2 unit required in Commercial Course. Commercial Law, % unit required in Commercial Course. GROUP VI. Commercial Geography, y2 unit required in Commercial Miscellaneous. Course. Drawing, 1 unit. Reviews 7, y2 unit. Psychology 2, % unit. Domestic Science and Domestic Art 3, 1 unit. History of Education 4, ^ unit. Agriculture I, II, III, IV, 1 unit each; all required in Agri cultural Coune. 160 SECOND BIENNIAL EEPORT OF THE UNIFORM TEXT BOOK LAW. Owing to the lateness of the adoptions, it was found very difficult to secure the text-books in time for the opening of the public schools, which was set for September 15, and in a few instances the use of the old books had to be continued through the fall session because the new books could not be secured. But we feel quite sure that with the opening of the new year all the schools will be supplied, and none but the adopted texts will be in use. There was much controversy about the terms and conditions on which exchanges should be made in many parts of the State, and to meet this situation the following decisions and explanations were sent out by the State Superintendent: EXPLANATION OF TERMS. The Introduction Price in Oklahoma is the price at V'hich books may be obtained when no old texts are offered in exchange. The Retail or Mailing Price is the price at which single copies of the books will be sent by the publishers to any address, postage or express prepaid. The retail price in Oklahoma is the same as the introduction price. The Exchange Price in Oklahoma is the price at which supplies of basal texts may be obtained when old books formerly in use are given in exchange. Book Exchanges shall be made without regard to grades, and any book of one series may be exchanged for any other book of the same series, whether of a higher grade, lower grade or an even grade. In this way any arithmetic may be exchanged for an arithmetic, a grammar for a grammar, and so forth. Conditions of Exchange.—Any book that was in use in the public schools last year and is still serviceable and that could have been used had no change in texts been made, shall be accepted in exchange for any adopted text of the same series. Soiled spots and loose or torn leaves do not debar a book from the exchange privilege. Promotional Exchange.—When an elementary text is offered in exchange for an advanced text on the same subject, the exchange price listed for the corresponding adopted elementary text on that subject shall be counted toward the purchase price of the new advanced text required by any pupil promoted to a higher grade. The Period of Exchange will extend from Sept. 14, 1908, to Sept. 14, 1909. Under this arrangement all companies will be required to grant the exchange privileges until after the opening of the schools next year. lllfillfl M ' . •: : :. ' ' . ' . ' ' : ':• '.'.:.:. BARTLESVILLfc; HIGH SCHOOL, BARTLESVILLE OKLA. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 161 Official Samples.—Each company furnishing books, registers, records, apparatus, etc., is required to file official samples of these with the State Superintendent, and on each sample both the retail and exchange prices must be plainly marked. Basic Texts are books that are required to be used in all public schools. Supplementary Texts are those books that have been approved by the commission and may be used at the option of the teacher, school boards and patrons. UNIFORM TEXT-BOOK LAW. The saving brought about through the operation of the text-book law will be considerable, and will be more than enough to pay for all the books adopted this year and leave a comfortable surplus, in spite of all the obsta cles thrown in the way of its enforcement. For the benefit of those who wish to get at the real facts in the case, I will say that there are 497,211 persons in Oklahoma of school age, as shown by the annual enumeration reports filed with the State Superintendent by the county superintendents on October 15 of the present year, but in many counties in the eastern part of Oklahoma a large number of districts failed to make any report, so that we may safely place the actual number of per sons of school age at a round half million. Out of this number it is esti mated that there will be not less than 350,000 pupils in actual attendance. It was pre-eminently important to secure a uniform adoption of text books this year, as we started new ruural schools in forty-one new counties of the State, with a school population of 249,000, at least 140,000 of whom were never enrolled in a public school before, and hence had to buy their books out and out. These pupils saved not less than $400,000 by being enabled to buy books after the adoption was made. This last year there were about 2,500 pupils who graduated from the Eighth grade in our rural schools, and 7,500 from the Eighth grade in the city schools, making a little army of something like 10,000 high-school pupils, and on these the burden of expense incident to the introduction of the new next-books will be the heaviest per capita. But in no case will the cost of a complete set of the newly adopted text-books exceed or equal the cost of the text-books formerly in use. The cost by grades is as follows: 162 SECOND BIENNIAL EEPORT OF THE Cost Grade per pupil No. pupils Total cost First ..' $0.50 60,000 $ 30,000 Second 1.00 50,000 50,000 Third 2.16 45,000 97,200 Fourth 2.46 45,000 110,000 Fifth 2.61 40,000 104,400 Sixth 4.96 40,000 198,400 Seventh 5.97 35,000 208,950 Eighth 6.07 25,000 151,750 Ninth 6.45 6,500 41,925- Tenth 7.90 2,000 15,800 Eleventh 8.56 1,000 8,560 Twelfth 8.73 500 4,365 Totals $57.37 350,000 $1,022,050 From this it appears that the actual cost, barrng the exchange privilege entirely, would be $1,022,050 for the books purchased this year. If we deduct 50 per cent for the rebate through the exchange privilege, the actual outlay will be $511,025 for the books purchased this year. In this connection we invite your attention to the following exhibit herewith subjoined. COMPARATIVE COST OF TEXT-BOOKS LAST YEAR AND THE ADOPTED SERIES. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Advanced Geography $1.25 $0.80 $0.45 6-7-8 Redway & Hinman's Natural Advanced Geography was used last year,, and is the adopted text for this year. Number of Sixth grade pupils ; 40,000 Number of Seventh grade pupils 35,000 Number of Eighth grade pupils 25,000 Total 100,000 100,000 pupils, at 45 cents each, makes $45,000 saved per year. Five years, at $45,000, makes $225,000, saved in the adoption period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Primary Geography $0.60 $0.40 $0.20 4-5 Book in use both last year and this, Frye's Primary Geography. Number of Fourth grade pupils 45,000 Number of Fifth grade pupils 40,000 Total 85,000 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 163 85,000 pupils, at 20 cents each, makes $17,000 saved per year. Five years, at $17,000, makes $85,000 saved in the adoption period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Advanced United States History $1.00 $0.75 $0.25 . 7-8 Book in use both last year and this, Thomas' Advanced History. Number of Seventh grade pupils. 35,000 Number of Eighth grade pupils 25,000 Total 60,000 60,000 pupils, at 25 cents each, makes $15,000 saved per year. Five years, at $15,000, makes $75,000 saved in period of adoption. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Primary History $0.60 $0.45 $0.15 5-6 Book in use both last year and this, Thomas' Elementary History. Number of Fifth grade pupils 40,000 Number of Sixth grade pupils 40,000 Total 80,000 80,000 pupils, at 15 cents, makes $12,000 saved per year. Five years, at $12,000, makes $60,000 saved during adoption period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Advanced Arithmetic $0.60 $0.40 $0.20 • 5-6-7-8 Book .last year, Walsh's Grammar School Arithmetic; book this year. Smith's Practical Arithmetic. Number of Fifth grade pupils 40,000 Number of Sixth grade pupils 40,000 Number of Seventh grade pupils 35,000 Number of Eighth grade pupils 25,000 Total 140,000 140,000 pupils, at 20 cents each, makes $28,000 saved per year. Five years, at $28,000, makes $140,000 saved during adoption period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Primary Arithmetic $0.30 $0.25 $0.05 3-4 Book last year, Walsh's Primary Arithmetic; book this year, Smith's Pri mary Arithmetic. Number of Third grade pupils 45,000 Number of Fourth grade pupils 45,000 164 SECOND BIENNIAL EEPORT OF THE 90,000 pupils, at 5 cents, makes $4,500 saved per years. Five years, at $4,500, makes $22,500 saved during adoption period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Advanced Physiology $0.75 $0.50 $0.25 7-8 Number of Seventh grade pupils 35,000 Number of Eighth grade pupils 25,000 Total 60,000 60,000 pupils, at 25 cents each, makes $15,000 saved per year. Five years, at $15,000, makes $75,000 saved during adotpion period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Primary Physiology $0.40 $0.30 $0.10 5-6 Number of Fifth grade pupils 40,000 Number of Sixth grade pupils 40,000 Total 80,000 80,000 pupils, at 10 cents each, makes $8,000 saved per year. Five years, at $8,000, makes $40,000 saved during adoption period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Advanced Grammar $0.60 $0.54 $0.06 7-8 Number of Seventh grade pupils 35,000 Number of Eighth grade pupils 25,000 Total 60,000 60,000 pupils, at 6 cents each, makes $3,600 saved per year. Five years, at $3,600, makes $18,000 saved during adoption period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Primary Grammar $0.35 $0.25 $0.10 4-5-6 Number of Fourth grade pupils 45,000 Number of Fifth grade pupils 40,000 Number of Sixth grade pupils 40,000 Total 125,000 125,000 pupils, at 10 cents each, makes $12,500 saved pe ryear. Five years, at $12,500, makes $62,500 saved during adoption period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Curry Literary Reader $0.80 Hyde Reader $1.25 $0.45 7-8 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 165 60,000 pupils, at 45 cents each, makes $27,000 saved in one year. Five years, at $27,000, makes $135,000 saved during adoption period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Sixth Reader $0.45 $0.36 $0.09 6 40,000 pupils, at 9 cents, makes $3,600 saved per year. Five years, at $3,600, makes $18,000 saved during adoption period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Fifth Reader $0.60 $0.34 $0.24 5 40,000 pupils, at 24 cents each, makes $9,600 saved per year. Five years, at $9,600, makes $48,000 saved during period of adoption. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Fourth Reader $0.45 $0.34 $0.11 4 45,000 pupils, at 11 cents each, makes $4,'950 saved per year. Five years, at $4,950, makes $22,750 saved during adoption period. Book Last year This year Difference Grades Spelling Book $0.25 $0.20 $0.05 1 to 8 Number of pupils in first eight grades 325,000 325,000 pupils, at 5 cents each, makes $17,250 saved per years. Five years, at $17,250, makes $86,250 saved during adoption period. Adding these various amounts saved on the different books, we have a grand total of $1,113,000 saved to the people for the five years of the adopted period. This will be a great deal more than enough to pay for every book purchased during this year. EDUCATIONAL DIRECTORY. PRESIDENTS OF OKLAHOMA STATE SCHOOLS FOR 1908. Name of School Name of President Location Oklahoma University A. Grant Evans Norman A. & M. College J. H. Connell otillwater Central Normal J. A. McLauchlin Einomi Northwestern Normal W. L. Ross Alva Southwestern Normal J. F. Sharp Weatherford Colored A. & N. University. .Inman E. Page Langston Uni. Preparatory School J. H. Kelly Tonkawa Okla. School for the Deaf...A. A. Stewart Sulphur Okla. School of Mines. G. I. Ladd Wilburton Okla. School for the Blind.. .Geo. W. Bruce Ft. Gibson Okla. Girls' Industrial Insti.. • Whitaker Orphans' Home....W. T. Whitaker Pryor Creek Murray State School of Ag riculture, Second District. .J. A. Wilson Tishomingo Connors' State School of , Agriculture, First District. .F. B. Liner Warner Colored Orphan's Home Logan County PRINCIPALS OF COUNTY HIGH SCHOOLS. School Principal Location Alfalfa County J. H. Findley Helena Logan Charles H. Roberts.... Guthrie STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 167 PRINCIPALS OF CITY HIGH SCHOOLS. Name of City Principal County Altus Bert McClelland Jackson Alva Lillian Robertson Woods Blackwell J. F. Anderson Kay Bartlesville Trilla Reed Washington Chandler Mattie E. Kirtlcy Lincoln Chickasha Edgar Cowa Grady Claremore Mrs. Mary Davis Rogers Elk City L. S. Demand Beckham El Reno C. H. Thuermer. Canadian Enid M. H. Wright Garfield Hobart Ida Van Patten Kiowa Holdenville Birdie Adams Hughes Kingfisher Laura Gehring Kingfisher Lawton W. M. Stone Comanche McAlester B. H. Locke Pittsburg Mangum H. A. Carroll Greer Muskogee Ira L. Cain Muskogee Norman A. R. Wolfe Cleveland Oklahoma City C. F. Jacoby Oklahoma Pawnee O. H. Graham Pawnee Pauls Valley G. A. Hoyo Garvin Purcell P. W. Swartz McClain Shawnee H. L. Webb Pottawatomie Vinita C. H. Calhoun Craig Wynnewood F. J. Stowe Garvin Weatherford J. T. Bradley Custer PRESIDENTS OF CALLEGES AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS. College President Location Ardery College H. F. Ardery Guthrie Bacone University Ewing N. Collete Muskogee Capital City Business College Bateman Guthrie Carver College Willard Carver Oklahoma City Catholic Academy J. T. Morris Muskogee Cherokee Female Seminary. .Eleanor Allen Tahlequah Cherokee Male Seminary J. N. Clarke Tahlequah Cherokee Baptist Academy.. .W. J. Pack Tahlequah Christian University E. V. Zollars Enid Draughon's Business College.T. M. Milam Oklahoma City 168 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE COLLEGE PRESIDENT COLLEGE Epworth University George Bradford Oklahoma City Friends' Academy Stanley Coppock Stella Hargrove College J. W. Gross Ardmore Harry Kendall College ~<. H. Beeler Tulsa Hill's Business College J. M. Hill Oklahoma City Indianola College W. J. French Wynnewood Jones Female Academy G. L. Jones Oklahoma City Kingfisher College J. W. Scroggs Kingfisher Landon Conservatory G. W. Landon Ardmore Okla. Military Institute Col. Charles Dunn Oklahoma City Okla. State Baptist College..B. R. Womack Blackwell Presbyterian Academy C. A. Peterson Tahlequah Sacred Heart Academy Rev.Charles Van HulseVinita St. Agnes Academy Sister Mary Thomas. . .Ardmore St. Mary's Academy Mother Aloysius Oklahoma City Spaulding Institute ....C. B. Staples Muskogee Selvidge Business. College.. .G. P. Selvidge Ardmore Tulsa Business College S. M. Smith Tulsa Willie Halsell College Geo. P. Ferree Vinita REVISED LIST OF COUNTY SUPERINTENDENTS. County Superintendent County Seat Districts Adair J. B. Johnson Westville 38 Alfalfa Gertrude Motter Cherokee 102 Atoka L. L. Cook Atoka 43 Beaver G. W. Meeks Beaver 168 Beckham A. R. Harris Sayre 73 Blaine Emma Gard Mills Watonga 98 Bryan t±. C. King Durant 70 Caddo Maude E. Widaman....Anadarko 160 Kate Meade uuipuu-BoEl Reno 74 Carter Mrs. Kate Niblack Ardmore 58 Cherokee A. K. Ralston Tahlequah 55 Choctaw F. M. Hughes Hugo 38 Cimarron Mrs. Hattie Britton.... Garlington 46 Cleveland B. R. McDonald Norman 68 Coal Ellela Allen Coalgate 45 Comanche J. A. Johnson Lawton 148 Craig Harvey Shelton \ inita 67 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 169 COUNTY SUPT. COUNTY SEAT DIS.T Creek .P. T. Frye Sapulpa 62 Custer .... L. B. Snider Arapahoe 96 Delaware Steve Peak Grove 61 Dewey • E. M. Frost Taloga 107 Ellis . J. A. McLain Arnett 108. Garvin Pearl Bradfield Pauls Valley 61 Grady R. H. Wilson Chickasha 84 Greer George W. Sims Mangum 85: Garfield George Rainey .Enid 126 Grant C. M. Jacobson Pond CreeK 122 Harper Mrs. Alma Criswell. .. .Buffalo 70 Haskell M. L. Cotton Stigler 81 Hughes B. N. Hicks Holdenville 56 Jackson J. M. Dale Aitus 61 Jefferson L. L. Wade Ryan 47 Johnson J. Frank Lilley Tishomingo 57 Kay E. A. Duke Newkirk 97 Kingfisher G. E. Moore Kingfisher 117 Kiowa Miss A. E. Lane Hobart 107 Latimer Alice Fleming Wilburton 27 LeFlore A. H. Crouthamel Poteau 90 Lincoln O. F. Hayes Chandler 140 Logan Neil Humphrey Guthrie 97 Love Mrs. R. Anderson Marietta 31 Major Charles Wright ,. .Fairview 104* Marshall W. M. Abernathy Madill 46 Mayes Carlotta Archer Pryor Creek 52 Murray Essie Bell Sulphur 28 Muskogee J. F. Gambill Muskogee 83 McLain A. J. French Purcell 40 McCurtain P. K. Faison Idabel 83 Mcintosh L. G. Mcintosh Eufaula 60 Noble Wm. Martin Perry 74 Nowata Miss Blanch Larkin Nowata 49 Okfuskee J. D. Nelson Okemah 39 Oklahoma Mrs. Mary Couch Oklahoma City 86 Okmulgee E. B. Shotwell Okmulgee 41 Osage W. E, Gill Pawhuska 58 Ottawa J. T. Davis Miami 45 Pawnee W. R. Robinson Pawnee 72 Payne R. I. Bilyeu Stillwater 96 170 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE COUNTY SUPT. COUNTY SEAT DIS'T. Pitssburg L. E. Christian McAlester 87 Pontotoc T. F. Pierce Ada 61 Pushmataha Erskine Brantley Antlers 36 Pottawatomie Uiarence Robison Tecuniseh 125 Roger Mills T. C. Moore. ..' Cheyenne 96 "Rogers B. H. Hester Claremore 38 : Seminole W. F. Cooper Wewoka 43 • Sequoyah Fred Mershon Sallisaw 54 Stephens G. A. Witt Duncan 68 Texas George T. Payne Guymon 112 Tillman .A. A. Rogers Frederick 72 • Tulsa .0. W. Grimes Tulsa 29 Wagoner Frank Shortall Wagoner 70 Washita T. H. Hubbard Cordell 101 Woods F. O. Hayes Alva 109 Woodward Mrs. Sadie Zimmerman Woodward 116 Washington Flossie B. Lewis Bartlesville 19 Total number districts 5,535 United States Commissioner of Education, Elmer E. Brown, Washington, D,C. STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 171 STATE SUPERINTENDENTS. Alabama H. G. Gunnells Montgomery Arizona R. L. Long Phoenix Arkansas George B. Cook Little Rock California Edward Hyatt Sacramento Colorado Mrs. Katharine M. Cook Denver Connecticut C. D. Hine (sec.) Hartford Delaware George H. Dick (sec.) Dover Dist. of Columbia Wm. E. Chancellor Washington Florida W M. Holloway Tallahassee Georgia '..'. J. M. Pound Atlanta Idaho Miss B. S. Chamberlin Boise Illinois Francis G. Blair Springfield Indiana Robert J. Aley Indianapolis Iowa ..." John F. Riggs Des Moines Kansas E. T. Fairchild TopeKa Kentucky J- G. Crabbe Frankfort Louisiana Thos. H. Harris Baton Rouge Maine Payson Smith Augusta Maryland M. Bates Stephens Annapolis Massachusetts G. H. Martin (sec.)' Boston Michigan L. L. Wright Lansing Minnesota J- W. Olsen bt. Paul f Mississippi J. N. Powers Jackson Missouri Howard A. Gass Jefferson City Montana .W. E. Harmon Helena Nebraska E. C. Bishop Lincoln Nevada Orvis Ring Carson New Hampshire Henry C. Morrison Concord New Jersey C. J. Baxter Trenton New Mexico J. E. Clark Santa Fe New York Andrew S. Draper Albany North Carolina J. J- Joyner Raleigh North Dakota W. A. Goodward Bismark ; Ohio John A. McDowell Columbus Oklahoma E. D. Cameron Guthrie Oregon J. H. Ackerman Salem Pennsylvania Nathan C. Shaeffer Harrisburg Rhode Island Walter E. Ranger Providence South Carolina John T. Swearmgen Charleston South Dakota H. A. Usturd Pierre Tennessee R. L. Jones Nashville Texas R. B. Cousins Austin Utah A. C. Nelson Salt Lake City Vermont ,Mason S. Stone Montpelier Virginia J. D. Eggleston, Jr Richmond Washington Henry B. Dewey .Olympia ;• West Virginia M. P. Shawkey Charleston AAlsconsin Charles P. Cary Madison Wyoming Archibald D. Cook Cheyenne Hawaii Winfred H. Rabbitt Honolulu Porto Rico Roland P. Falkner San Juan Philippine Islands David P. Barrows Manila 172 SECOND BIENNIAL REPOR^ OF THE LIST OF CITY SUPERINTENDENTS. Town Superintendent Salary T'chers H.S.Trs. Pop, Ada M.L.Perkins 1,600 20 4 3,527 Adair J.W.Redman 540 5 2 500 Addington E.O.Shaw 720 3 2 500 Afton W. H. Kilgore 800 7 3 1,170 Agra Charles Edgecomb.. 700 4 3 275 Alderson J.W.Cooper 600 9 4 2,000 Aline C.A.Harper 520 4 0 500 Allen F. B. Liner 800 4 2 150 Altus W. H. Decker 1,500 14 4 1,927 Alva G. M. Lisk 1,500 15 3 5,000 Amber E. W. Frey 900 7 2 800 Ames C. B. Shaw 520 -2 0 296 Amorita Nellie Robinson.... 520 2 0 150 Anadarko J.B.Sanders 1,200 14 4 3,927 Antlers Norman L. Atwood .600 3 0 1,100 Apache W. M. Gregory 600 10 3 1,325 Arapaho J. R. Campbell 1,000 8 4 1,184 Arcadia S.R.Jones 640 2 0 208 Ardmore Charles Evans 2,300 50 4 9,000 Arlington Cora Kennedy 640 2 0 200 Asher A. Floyd 600 4 0 900 Atoka I.L.Cook 1,200 14 3 1,660 Avard G. W. Harmon 600 1 0 425 Avery Ella Morton 500 2 0 175 Bache Sallie Howe 520 1 0 250 Bartlesville Lynn Glover .. . 1,800 60 4 1,800 Bawl John Rice 600 2 0 150 Beaver S. W. Herring SCO 4 0 625 Bebee J. W. Pharr 480 1 0 100 Berwyn C. J. Hinds 670 3 0 276 Big Heart Charles Combs 600 3 0 100 Billings J. H. McNulty 600 4 2 865 Binger .Alvin Robertson ... 560 2 0 290 Bison E.H.Graham 520 4 2 205 Bixby Lena Wright 600 3 2 120 Blackburn Uottie Herbert 500 3 0 410 Blanchard T. B. Washburn 600 3 0 100 Bluejacket Edwin Voorhees ... 600 3 0 350 Bokchito Anna Lewis 450 3 0 300 Bomar J. H. Hayes 600 2 0 300 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 173 LIST OF CITY SUPERINTENDENTS. Town Superintendent Salary T'chers H.S.Trs. Pop. Bokoshe J.J.Powell 600 2 0 153 Box .C.H.Harrington... 600 2 0 100 Boynton ..jW. E. Anderson 675 3 0 360 Braman E. A. Clark 600 4 0 320 Brady Mrs. D. B. Howells. 450 4 0 50 Butner Elsie Baxter 400 1 0 75 Bridgeport J. L. Harris COO 3 1 1,087 Bristow Philip Power 1,120 10 4 2,015 Britten Dula White ... . 600 2 0 200 Broken Arrow J. G. Mote 1,000 8 3 1,390 Buffalo O. Zook 600 2 0 100 Burneyville J. H. Choate 000 3 0 100 Bushyhead Eula Upton ...... 480 2 0 100 Butler John Garrison 400 2 1 169 Byers .J. W. Tableson 640 2 0 100 Byron J. P. Evans 750 4 0 500 Caddo Geo. B. Morris 1,000 10 4 1,300 Calumet .A.T.Moore COO 3 1 456 Calvin • C. P. Hicks. 680 4 2 250 Canadian H. S. Mosby 600 1 0 525 Capitol Hill E. M. St. John C30 7 0 290 Capron A. W. Fanning 480 3 0 315 Carmen A- J. Jordan 720 6 3 1,300 ^arnegie .L. A. Boory 600 5 2 625 Catala Helen Clark 400 3 0 50 Catoosa W.W.Whitman COO 3 0 303 Cement R. E. West 560 4 2 620 Center W. T. Melton 560 2 0 500 Centralia *J. R. Cassingham... 1,000 6 3 600 Cestos E. A. Frazee 520 2 0 325 Chandler J. H. Bayes 1,400 14 4 5,000 Chattanooga J.A.Howard 800 5 2 300 Checotah ; .:J. G. Mitchell 1,200 15 4 1,600 Chelsea E. A. Hillhouse 720 8 2 1,300 Cherokee T. E. Bartlett 1,000 12 4 1,200 Cheyenne 800 4 2 500 Chickasha ;....W. F. Ramey 1,500 30 4 8,000 Choctaw Ivan L. Harris 585 1 0 350 Choteau „T. A. Allen 540 3 1 350 Claremore J. W. Hayman 1,200 15 4 2,064 174 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE LIST OF CITY SUPERINTENDENTS. Town Superintendent Salary T'chers H.S.Trs. Pop. Cleo Anna Wright 520 4 2 635 Cleveland F.P.Lane 1,000 14 4 3,255 Clinton H. O. Snuff 1,000 8 3 1,000 Cloud Chief Miss M. Good 520 3 1 250 Coalgate P. Staley 1,400 16 4 3,000 Coldwater Mina Moore .480 0 225 Collinsville G.E.Stevenson.... 1,000 9 4 1,100 Comanche L. A. Morton 1,200 14 4 1,410 Copeland 9. Copeland 680 3 0 300 Cooperton E. V. Rakestraw... 400 2 0 300 Copan ,W. C. Robinson.... 800 4 0 300 Cordell Lot M. Jones 1,200 10 3 1,600 Corbett C. R. Ramsey 600 2 0 720 Cornish J. R. Griffin 720 14 2 307 Council Hill I aura Sanderson ..500 4 0 300 Covington Margaret Curishe... 520 3 0 280 Coweta Charles Comstock. . 720 5 2 1,105 Coyle B. E. Richardson. .. 720 3 0 700 Crescent Mrs. Anna Pruett... 560 4 0 930 Crowder M. A. Courtright. . . COO 0 500 Cumberland Archie Grubbs C00 2 0 425 Curtis Annie Williams 450 2 0 306- Cushing S. M. Green 750 6 4 830 Custer Geo. Drake 500 8 2 1,000 Dacoma O.J.Godfrey 750 3 0 100 Dale W. O. Broadus 560 2 0 350 Dawson D. M. Setser 600 2 100 Davenport 0. K. Clark 900 5 2 500 Fitzhugh J. C Moore 600 3 0 37S Foraker A. O. Wilson 600 5 2 450 Ft. Cobb .Geo. F. Bryan 520 4 425 Ft. Gibson Chas. T. Garrett. . . 1,000 6 2 1,100 Ft. Towson ,C. J. Keith 800 2.0 150 Foss E. L. Reed 600 6 2 540 Foster (0. M. Price 600 2 0 150 Francis A-. G. Bowles 900 4 0 800 Franklin Myrtle Cramer 480 2 0 • 152 Franks *J. J. Townsend 480 4 1 10O Frederick LIST OF CITY SUPERINTENDENTS. Town Superintendent Salary T'chers H.S.Trs. Pop. Garber 4J. A. Larick 600 1 0 427 Geary ,T. M. Oshorn 1,000 8 4 2,000 Geronimo J. C. Ferrand 420 2 1 420 Glencoe T. D. Harnden COO 4 1 570 Goltry Mrs. S. V. McGreevy 600 2 0 253 Goodland Elmer Finley 600 2 0 111 Goodwell F. P. Stults 560 2 1 110 Gotebo ,S. H. Coffey 675 5 2 710 Gowen ,L. A. Bridger 600 3 0 106 Granite Wade H. Shumate. . 1,000 10 4 1,026 Grant ,W. M. Dickinson... 800 2 0 189' Grove J. B. Steiner 800 4 0 694 Guthrie Ji. C. Cain 1,800 87 0 25,000 Guymon ,W- H. Grimm 1,000 6 3 900 Haileyville ,W. S. Horsman 1,000 6 2 1,500 Harrah ,E. T. Gilbert 720 2 0 300 Hart ,0- C. White 480 1 0 115 Hartshorne D. D. Martindale. . . 1,000 10 4 2,500 Haskell John L. Cortner 810 5 2 500 Hastings Clinton Weaver 680 4 2 750 Hackberry J. H. Hall.. 400 1 0 100 Hardesty .J. H. Griggsby 600 1 0 100 Helena C. E. Wilhite 600 4 0 521 Henderson R. H. Henderson... 600 3 0 117 Hennekin Myrtle Kimbrell 600 . 1 0 100 Hennessey E. Berrigan 600 14 4 1,575 Henryetta J. D. Barney 1,000 10 4 1,051 Hickory E. L. Newman 720 3 0 468 Hobart R.M.Caldwell 1,200 22 4 3,136 Holdenville .V. H. Durham 1,100 10 4 1,868 Hollis D. C. Adamson 680 6 3 524 Hooker J.M.Browning 600 1 0 100 Hominy Cecil Parkhurst ... 640 5 1 470 Hoyt .Mamie Hamilton ... 440 2 0 100 Hugo A. S. Faulkner 1,000 10 4 2,676 Hunter J. W. Kidd 600 2 0 254 Hydro G. A. Comstock 600 4 0 1,112 idabel P. K. Faison 800 4 0 500 Independence C.B.Murray 480 2 1 100 Indianola H. I. Ashton 600 2 1 307 176 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE LIST OF CITY SUPERINTENDENTS. Town Superintendent Salary T'chers H.S.Trs. Pop. Ingalls E. J. Unger 400 2 0 265 Ingersoll .Bessie Webster 560 4 1 301 Inola j. C. Dougherty 480 4 2 324 Isabella.... Augusta Specht ... 400 2 2 125 Jefferson R. G. Creekmore... 640 3 2 300 Jennings J. H. Jones 675 3 2 380 Jenks Vf. A. Stage 800 3 2 500 Jett I. H. Castleman 520 2 0 213 Jones ,R. H. Miller 480 2 0 240 Junction j. C. Rifenberry 400 2 0 120 Kaw C. H. Parrick 700 5 0 490 Katy R. A. Williams 500 .1 0 100 Kendrick F. O. McLean 600 2, . 2 225 Keota W. L. Jackson 480 2 0 100 Keystone V. M. Flanagan 520 1. . 0 230 Kiel Alonzo Komer 400 2. . 0 100 Kildare ,G. D. Kersey 650 3 0 165 Kingfisher E. S. McCabe 1,200 17 4 2,220 Kingston J. S. Vaughan 600 2 0 500 Kinta ,W. H. Ashton COO 2 0 140 Kiser lOrilla Light •... 400 1 0 100 Kiowa T. T. Lewis 800 6 4 803 Klondike Theo Hatfield 400 1 0 180 Konawa ,Lheo Shackleford.. . 800 5 2 620 Krebs T. A. Craighead 800 7 1 1,508 Kremlin J. C. Hoffsomer 600 1 0 280 Lacey Tom Willis C00 1 0 100 Lahoma Olive Peterson 520 2 0 275 Lamont T. C. Carter 640 2 2 640 Langston .Anna Lewis 400 1 0 275 Lawton T. B. Rybolt 1,400 25 4 5,562 Lebanon W. J- Jackson. 680 3 1 250 Lehigh M. H. Caywood 1,000 6 3 2,190 Lenapah E. A. McMillan 720 8 3 331 Lenora Heskett Reed 480 2 1 110 Lexington W. N. Rice 900 8 4 840 Lindsay W. W. Baker 1,200 8 4 1,102 Lone Wolf G. A. Coffey 1,000 3 0 340 Luther E. H. Holman 540 2 2 430 McAlester «Wm. R. Gay 1,800 35 4 8,150 y ; NORTHWESTERN NORMAL SCHOOL BAND STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 177 LIST OF CITY SUPERINTENDENTS. Town Superintendent Salary T'chers H.S.Trs. Pop. McCarty Ward Cromwell ... 450 1 0 210 McCurtain Ben C. Ballard 1,000 3 1 530 McLoud J. C. Whitson 720 4 2 790 Madill J. T. Ryle 1,000 8 2 1,600 Manchester W. T. Clark 640 3 2 250 Mangum A. W. Duff 1,890 12 2 2,270 Manitou Kate Venard 1,000 4 2 400 Mannsville J. L. Rosencrantz. . . 600 4 0 530 Maramec L. E. Watkins 675 3 1 275 Marietta M. E. Moore 1,800 9 4 1,400 Marble City W. M. Ledgerwood. 600 3 0 200 Marlow F. E. Alsrup 1,000 10 0 1,650 Marsden T. D. Felts £20 2 0 100 Marshall = 600 2 0 370 Maude R. L. Alexander 600 4 2 575 Maysville S.N.Nash 600 4 2 100 Maxwell I. N. Ferguson 480 2 0 125 Medford G.C.Wakefield 888 8 4 1,350 Meeker J, S. Cawthon 600 4 2 322 Meno ,A. M. Robbins 480 2 0 110 Miami ,T. T. Montgomery- . 1,000 12 4 1,895 Midlothian W. I. Smith 500 2 0 100 Milburn .,F. B. Horton 700 4 0 100 Mill Creek S. P. Smith 800 5 0 644 Milton B. T. Brantley 480 2 0 130 Minco J. H. Stover 1,000 10 4 725 Monroe J.A.Holt 680 1 0 185 Morgan Harry Colbert 520 2 0 100 Mooreland J. H. Coons 600 6 0 275 Morris R. L. Banister 600 3 2 100 Morrison Grace Colvin 640 4 2 351 Moscow Frank Munson 420 2 0 100 Mounds D. T. Stiles 900 6 2 675 Mountain Park I. A. Fleming 700 3 2 381 Mountain View ,T. A. McCorkle 1,000 7 3 791 Muldrow „T. N. Campbell 765 5 4 618 Mulhall C. E. Tope 765 3 2 443 Muskogee ,Chas. W. Briles 1,800 70 4 14,418 Nardin Groatus Ford 650 1 0 238 Nashville ..i Martin Weber 360 3 2 167 178 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE LIST OF CITY SUPERINTENDENTS. Town Superintendent Salary T'chers H.S.Trs. Pop. Navina Mamie Trimm ._ 440 1 0 215 Nemack Gippie Fox 440 .1 0 100 Newkirk H.B.Scott 1,200 15 4 1,800 Noble G. M. Roberts 600 4 0 457 Norman R. H. Ewing 1,350 25 4 3,040 Nuika E. Robe COO 3 0 100 Nowata S.N.Hopkins 1,200 13 4 2,223 Norton C. T. Jones COO 3' 3 105 Oakland W.T.Wood GOO 3 0 300 Oglesby H. M. Clawson 450 1 0 100 Oktaha Angus L. Shattuck .675 3 1 290 Oakwood -.Gertie Thomas .... 520 4 2 225 Ochelata E. J. Boom 7G5 5 4 SCO Okarche J. R. Godfrey GOO 3 0 414 Okeene Clyde V. Loy 775 3 0 780 Okemah 7 4 1,027 Oklahoma City J.B.Taylor 2,500 180 4 50,000 Okmulgee Thomas Scott 1,500 20 4 3,322 Olustee ,E. M. Castleberry. . 1,000 10 4 522 Oswalt O- D. Page 52,0 2 0 100 Oolagah R. W. McAlester. . . 480 3 0 350 Optima W. B. Gilmore 480 2 0 150 Orlando Fred Walker 420 3 0 2C5 Orienta Jennie Schanck ... 480 2 0 100 Osirus Lena Pollock 320 1 0 100 Owasso Donald G. White... 3G0 2 0 150 Paoli H. C. Ellis GOO 2 0 230 Pauls Valley Torn Youngblood .. 1,200 15 4 2,500 Pawhuska A. H. Parmlee 1,200 12 2 2,500 Pawnee ,.J. E. McCutchan 1,200 14 3 2,000 Payson S. T. Malone GOO 2 0 100 Peckham S. P. Hatfield 600 2 0 125 Perkins W. E. Kinder 600 5 1 670 Perry S. J. Creswell 1,200 16 4 2,900 Pleasant Valley "red McCrosker ... 360 1 0 100 Ponca City R. E. Tope 1,400 22 4 2,529 Pond Creek Harvey RRitter 1,000 10 4 1,200 Pontotoc Thomas L. Roberts. 600 2 0 150 Port Floyd Wheeler 800 3 2 225 Poteau ,E. L. Rodman 1,200 8 3 1,750 STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 179 LIST OF CITY SUPERINTENDENTS. Town Superintendent Salary T'chers H.S.Trs. Pop. Porum W. A. Battles 720 3 0 250 Prague A. H. Burris 900 9 3 1,000 Pryor Creek J. G. Spiker 800 6 3 1,113 Purcell F. F. Mace 1,500 20 4 2,56$ Spencer C. G. Van Nest 400 1 0 100 Sparks W. A. Conner 800 5 2 300 Spiro A. E. Rling 800 5 2 695 Stratford . . F. A. Groendupe 630 3 0 150 Sterling J. H. Carter 750 2 0 220 Stigler A. K. Gossam 1,200 15 4 1,001 Stilwell W. S. Renick 100 5 2 948 Stillwater C. L. Kezer 1,100 23 4 2,600 Stonewall A. L. Fenton 1,000 6 2 225 Storey S. H. Monger 500 2 0 100 Stroud A. A. O'Malley 1,000 9 3 1,315 Sulphur H. B. Abernathy. . . 1,200 15 3 2,000 Supply W. L. Whittenburg .520 4 2 150 Sugden .E. B. Clark G80 3 0 100 Sutter Marguerite Trimble 400 1 0 3G0 Tahlequah S. L. Couchman 1,200 . 30 4 2,000 Taft A. Harrison 810 4 0 200 Talala W. S. Hamilton.' 800 4 2 307 Tangier Robt. Bonham 520 4 0 100 Taloga C. O. Gettinger SCO 3 3 500 Tamaha .A.N.Hill 600 3 0 150 Tecumseh J.H.Payne 000 15 4 1,621 Temple J. F. Orr 900 5 2 1,200 Tryon P. A. Tankersley. . . 600 3 0 150 Terral .... , J. P. Scott 7G0 4 0 583 Texola R. M. Shreres 640 4 2 400 Thomas J. F. Epley 520 8 3 1,000 Tehoma G. L. Caldwell 1,000 4 0 200 Thackerville C. M. Walther 720 3 1 100 Tishomingo J. H. Johnston 1,200 28 4 1,500 Trail Marion Williams ... 800 2 0 100 Tonkawa J. S. Westhafer 800 3 0 1,238 Tulsa J. G. Masters 1,800 65 4 8,000 Tyrone H.R.Burns 600 3 0 150 Union Wm. Johnson 520 1 0 180 180 SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE LIST OF CITY SUPERINTENDENTS. Town Superintendent Salary T'chers H.S.Trs. Pop. Vera .'.I. R. Tuttle 675 3 0 300 Vian Alonzo Miller 675 4 0 617 Vanoss W. L. Baker 5G0 2 0 100 Vinita W. G. Masterson. . . 1,500 30 4 3,500 Vinson T.N.Russell 900 4 1 100 Wagoner J.W.Wright 1,200 18 4 3,000 Wainwright John L. Thomas... G75 3 0 200 Wakita Loren Williamson. . C80 5 0 400 Wellston F. A. Balyeat GOO G 2 700 Westville J. M. Hackler 1,000 5 0 625 Wetumka S. J. Payne 800 6 1 1,000 White Eagle Hattie Bush 480 2 0 100 Willow Shelton Parton 480 2 0 480 Wilburton W. H. Bishop 1,350 7 3 1,500 Wister T. B. Stanley C80 3 0 410 Woodward Bert Langley 1,400 20 4 2,100 Wynnewood F.J.Stone 1,200 15 .4 2,500 Yale F. P. Reed 1,000 C 3 500 Yeager J.B.Pike GOO 3 0 200 Yukon J. M. Balisle C80 3 0 300 Wallville J. W. Hopper 500 5 2 400 Walter Ayres K. Ross 1,000 10 3 1,300 Wayne J. F. Adams GOO 3 0 150 Wanette Jennie M. Mahon. 400 1 0 740 Wapanucka J. G. March 900 5 2 780 Warner W. S. Samples G75 3 0 300 Watonga C. D. Thaxton 1,300 15 4 1,G08 Waukomis J. W. Tyler 520 3 0 575 Waurika , C. S. Storms 1,125 9 4 700 Waynoka Lester French 675 4 0 500 Weatherford R. M. Burnham 1,000 8 4 1,500 Webbers Falls W. E. Mills 1,000 4 2 335 Wewoka J. A. Cunningham 720 5 2 500 Welch John G. York C00 3 2 481 Weleetka C. W. Hildebrandt.. 1,200 6 2 1,100 Woodville B. B. Masteller 600 3 0 300 A. & M. COLLEGE GROUP, STILLWATER. OKLA. Report of County Superintendents | Enumeration of persons between ag es of 6 and 21 No. pu Dils enrolled in public schools Aver, d aily attendance | White Col sred White Colesre d Fe- | Fe Aggre Fe Fe Aggre-I Fe- | Counties Males males | Total Males males Total gate Males males Total Males males Total gate 1 Males males Total Adair 1,687 1,662 3,349 5 5 10 3,359 269 317 586 0 0 0 586 185 242 427 Alfalfa 2,799 2,669 5,468 1 2 3 5,471 2,359 2,318 4,677 1 2 3 4,680 1,627 1,643 3,270 Atoka .... 2,051 1,851 3,902 420 385 805 4,407 1,231 1,110 2,341 252 231 483 2,824 1,100 876 1,976 Beaver .... 2,188 ' 1,901 4,089 0 0 0 4,089 1,312 1,140 2,452 0 0 0 2,452 1,006 731 1,737 Beckham .. 3,517 3,374 6,891 0 0 0 6,891 2,357 2,308 4,665 0 0 0 4,665 1,243 1,271 2,514 Blaine .... 2,608 2,507 5,115 232 192 424 5,539 1,857 1,777 3,634 150 176 326 3,960 1,162 1,245 2,407 Bryan 4,255 3,784 8,039 411 440 851 8,890 3,173 2,820 5,993 261 293 554 6,547 1,907 1,756 3,663 Caddo 4,869 4,436 9,305 164 151 315 9,620 3,734 3,679 7,413 114 127 241 7,654 471 465 '936 Canadian . . 3,109 3,116 6,225 76 79 155 6,380 2,451 2,927 5,378 45 59 104 5,482 1,686 1,752 3,438 Carter .... 4,531 4,290 8,821 611 592 1,203 10,024 3,800 3,700 7,500 400 300 700 8,200 1,800 2,000 3,800 Cherokee .. 2,672 2,441 5,113 96 121 217 5,330 2,140 1,830 3,970 90 92 182 4,152 1,000 1,100 2,100 Choctaw ... 2,601 • 2,359 4,960 597 563 1,160 6,120 307 288 595 0 0 0 595 174 159 333 Cimarron .. 953 954 1,907 0 0 0 1,907 245 236 481 0 0 0 481 180 200 380 Cleveland . 3,401 3,133 6,534 79 85 164 6,698 2,604 2,545 5,149 49 54 103 5,252 1,543 1,513 3,056 Coal 2,445 2,289| 4,734 156 164 320 5,054 1,000 1,200 2,200 125 150 275 2,475 800 900 1,700 Comanche . 5,735 5,1811 10,916 63 76 139 11,055 4,550 4,255 8,805 49 53 102 8,907 2,'994 2,789 5,783 Craig 385 405 790 105 120 225 1,015 300 350 650 75 100 175 825 250 300 550 Creek 2,602 2,399 5,001 373 350 723 5,724 1,100 1,000 2,100 300 250 550 2,650 770 700 1,470 Custer .... 3,418 3,307 6,725 33 36 69 6,794 2,752 2,768 5,520 29 29 58 5,578 1,649 1,701 3,350 Delaware . . 1,'995 1,990 3,985 0 0 0 3,985 900 1,000 1,900 0 0 0 1,900 700 750 1,450 *Dewey .. . 2,548 2,464 5,012 20 13 33 5,045 1,797 1,788 3,585 12 7 19 3,604 1,054 1,019 2,073 Ellis 2,399 2,371 4,770 0 0 0 4,770 1,670 1,556 3,226 0 0 0 3,226 690 434 1,124 Garvin .... 4,301 3,883 8,184 421 387 808 8,992 1,800 2,000 3,800 300 200 500 4,300 800 700 1,500 Grady 3,733 3,699 7,432 209 193 402 7,834 625 620 1,245 25 19 14 1,289 303 316 619 Greer ..... 4,701 4,330 9,031 6 6 12 9,043 2,989 2,845 5,834 0 0 0 5,834 1,551 1,491 3,042 Garfield ... 4,837 4,756 9,593 58 66 124 9,717 3,418 3,315 6,733 48 44 92 6,825 2,608 2,658 5,266 Grant 2,'965 2,838 5,803 1 7 8 5,811 2,323 2,336 4,659 1 2 3 4,662 1,653 1,695 3,348 Harper .... 1,239 1,311 2,550 0 0 0 2,550 963 903 1,866 0 0 0 1,866 624 637 1,261 Haskell ... 3,106 2,780 5,886 27 19 46 5,932 1,500 1,800 3,300 15 10 25 3,325 800 700 1,500 Hughes .. . 3,394 3,210 6,604 234 229 463 7,067 1,600 2,000 3,v,00 100 150 250 3,850 850 900 1,750 Jackson ... 3,424 3,051 6,475 3 7 10 6,485 2,717 2,528 5,245 0 0 0 5,245 1,509 1,469 2,978 Jefferson .. 2,172 1,992 4,164 19 23 42 4,206 340 310 650 0 0 0 650 300 300 600| Johnson ... 2,880 3,007 5,887 196 192 388 6,275 1,600 1,800 3,400 100 • 100 200 3,600 800 900 1,700 Kay 4,498 4,330 8,828 13 15 28 8,8561 3,093 3,119 6,212 9 4 13 6,225 2,161 2,315 4,476 Kingfisher . 2,778 2,599 5,377 422 423 845 6,22? 2,383 2,205 4,588 352 348 700 5,288 1,786 1,789 3,575 Kiowa .... 4,197 4,017 8,214 14 18 32 8,246 3,251 3,209 6,460 3 7 10 6,470 1,983 1,946 3,92'9 Latimer ... 1,629 1,502 3,131 120 84 204 3,335 367 429 796 31 36 67 863 300 400 700 Le Flore... 4,385 4,0211 8,406 293 314 607 9,013 1,055 1,062 2,117 44 40 84 • 2,201 648 736 1,384 Lincoln ... 6,646 6,349 12,995 820 812 1,632 14,627 5,195 51,95 10,390 563 593 1,150 11,546 3,474 3,724 7,198 Logan .... 4,625 4,631| ©,250 1,360] 1,500 2,860 12,116 2,024 1,903 3,927! 729 705 1,434 5,361 1,490 1,469 2,959 Love 1,976 1,764] 3,740 240 176 41G 4,156 1,671 1,575 3,246 193 148 341 3.587 1,182 1,080 2,262 Major 2,726 2,595 5,321 29 21 50 5,371 2,166 2,081 4,247' 17 12 29 4,276 1,337 1,416 2,753 Marshall . . 2,457 2,3781 4,835 70 73 143 4,978 1,241 1,312 2,553 31 46 77 2,630 749 863 1,612 Mayes 1,888 1,694 3,582 132 145 277 3,859 1,000 1,200 2,200 100 125 225 2,425 700 900 1,600 *Murray .. . 2,200 2,055 4,255 43 58 101 4,356 1,200 1,055 2,255 20 25 45 2,300 850 735 1,585 Muskogee . 3,884 3,805 7,689 1.891 1,986 3,877 11,566 1,800 1,800 3,000 800 900 1,700 5,300 1,000 1,100 2,100 * McLain . . 2,309 2,229 4,533 170 183 353 4,891 900 800 1,700 100 125 225 1,925 700 600 1,300 McCurtain 1,872 1,672 3,544 827 775 1,602 5,146 1,200 1,000 2,200 200 300 500 2,700 840 800 1,640 Mcintosh .. 3,126 2,843 5,969 583 568 1,151 7,120 800 1,000 1,800 100 200 300 2,100 600 800 1,400 Noble 2,221 2,098 4,319 138 109 247 4,566 1,757 1,768 3,525 69 55 124 3,649 1,269 1,360 2,629 Nowata . . . 1,489 1,319 2,808 308 28G 594 3,402 841 791 1,632 143 147 290 1,922 477 511 988 Okfuskee . 2,054 1,837 3,891 808 890 1,698 5,589 950 1,000 1,950 400 450 850 2,800 450 500 950 Okmulgee 1,926 1,730 3,656 797 761 1,558 5,214 900 950 1,850 375 400 775 2,625 400 475 875 Oklahoma . 7,848 8,141 15,'989 1,069 1,136 2,205 18,194 5,229 5,292 10,521 741 814 1,555 12,0761 3,790 3,983 7,773 Osage 2,758 2,582 5,340 0 0 0 5,340 1,100 1,000 2,100 870 700 1,570 3,670 1,000 800 1,800 Ottawa .... 2,429 2,193 4,622 2 2 4 4,626 1,200 1,100 2,300 0 0 0 2,300 840 770 1,610 Pawnee ... 3,023 2,913 5,936 118 105 223 6,159 2,313 2,264 4,577 78 97 175 4,752 1,417 1,418 2,835 Payne 3,996 3,089 7,685 ICG 149 315 8,000 3,067 2,976 6,043 102 87 189 6,232 1,766 1,817 3,583 Pittsburg .. 5,793 5,273 11,066 719 689 1,408 12,474 1,000 800 1,800 350 300 650 2,450 700 560 1,260 Pontotoc .. 4,181 4,122 8,302 103 119 222 8,525 2,000 2,000 4,000 50 55 105 4,105 900 900 1,800 Pushmataha 1,308 1,3791 2,G87 68 75 143| 2,830 346 352 698 50 j ' 42 92 790 300 300 600 Pottawatom ie 8,722 8,46GJ 17,188 394 443 837] 18,025 5,319 5,415 10,734 176 217 393 11,127 3,190 3,251 6,441 Roger Mills 1 2,555 2,451! 5,006 o 0 0| 5,006 2,008 1,837 3,845 3,845 1,037 1,126 2,163 63 2.754 1,185 1,323 2,508 Rogers 1 2,957 2,750 5,713 109 107 2161 5,929 1,369 1,322 2,691 26 | 37 Seminole .. | 2,163 1,839] 4,002 664 611 1,275 5,277 1,300 1,250 2,550 325 300 C25 3,175 800 850 1,650 Sequoyah .. 3,618 3,190] 6,808 610 650 1,260| 8,068 256 202 518 0 1 ° I ° 518 200 196 396 Stephens . 1 3,682 3.354] 7,03G 17 12 29| 7,065 2,035 2,012 4,047 0 o 0 4,047 1,450 1,400 2,850 Texas 2,730 2,C90| 5,420 0 0 0 5,420 2,000 1,800 ; 3,800 0 o 0 3,800 1,400 1,260 2,660 Tillman . . 1 2,917 3,144 6,061 57 32 89 6,150 2,417 2,098 4,515 0 0 o 4,515 2,068 1,643 3,711 Tulsa 3,235 2,782] 6,017 151 156 307| 6,324 2,000 1,900 3,900 75 | 80 | 155 4,055 1,400 1,300 2,700 Wagoner . | 2,199 2,124| 4,323 1,380 1,360 2,740] 7,063 89 6 917 1,813 660 60S 1,268 3,081 1,100 1,150 2,250 Washita .. | 4,690 4,233 8,923 o o 0| 8,023 3,232 3,109 6,341 0 1 o 0 6,341 2,109 2,011 4,120 Woods ... 1 2,302 2.3331 4,635 I 0 1| 4,636 2,1.94 2,369 4,563 1 1 o | 1 4.564 1,429 1,390 2.819 Woodward 2,281 1,966 4,247 o 0 0| 4,247 1,751 1,586 3,337 o 0 o 3,337 1,179 1,081 2,260 Washington | 1,917 1,943 3,860 32 30 62 3,922 600 579 1,179 13 15 28 1,207 434 434 868 Totals . [235,710 222,771458,481 19,354 19,376 38,730|497,211 139,209 137,063 276,272 10,337 10,466 20,803 297,075 87,879 87,794 175,673 .Note. —Countie s mar ked wit h. an as;eris k d id not i eport ti is year, and ei stimates given are for last y 3ar. O oo O o k °° O O ^> to Q.05 £E O Grant 119 113 50,000 8 15,000 65,000 45 0 11 27 21 26 Harper 70 68 28,140 0 28,140 132 0 7 30 39 6|$60.00 Co. H.S. 70,000 Haskell 51 40 5,000 4 18,600 23,600 53 12 11 21 27 91 65.50] Hughes 65 • 60 12,000 1 18,000 30,000 120 0 15 42 32 32 6b,00| Academy ' 8,000 Johnston 57 42 12,600 8 50,000 62,600 87 0 9 24 27 22 50.00! Jefferson 47 29 11,600 6 70,000 81,600 136 14 15 54 91 17 45.00 Jackson 61 56 45,000 G 64,500 109,500 120 12 14 8 77 24 55.00 55,000 Kay 97 94 76,930 11 89,000 165,930 179 21 6 70 88 35 53.50 Kingfisher ... 117 120 90,000 12 90,000 180,000 130 3 1 35 58 12 55.00 Kiowa 107 98 56,240 15 108,890 165,130 150 10 2 o 5 1 65.00 55,000 Latimer 27 20 4,000 1 6,000 10,0001 83 4 22 76 57 1 60.00 120,000 Le Flore 90 89 39,500 11 80,000 119,500 70 21 10 31 31 23 55.00 Lincoln 140 180 150,000 15 30,000 180,000] 50 0 6 14 8 18 57.50 Logan 95 114 58,260 11 107,500 165,7601 112 4 4 27 35 1 65.00 375,000 Love 31 32 45,650 0 45,650' 65 5 5 14 19 7 55.00 12,000 Major 104 103 75.000 2 15,000 90,000 190 4 11 61 52 24 55.00 2,000 Marshall 44 26 26,000 14 28,000 54,000 100 '9 2 46 9 57.50 Mayes 52 49 14,000 33 27,500 41.500 100 10 9 41 65] 20] 55.00 Murray 28 27 30,000 4 28,000 58,000 130 O 30 50 50 101 55.00 200,000 Muskogee .... 123 120 125,000 15 290,000 415,000 111 o 2 39 55 121 60.00 Adair 3.8 36 £ 11,000 21 ? 16,392 $ 27,392 100 2 HI 23 44 9 55.00 Alfalfa 102, 86 45,000 13] 72,550 117,550 100 6 u 34 32 12 42.50 43| 51 10,200 1 12,000 22,200 69 0 14 18 26 12 65.00 50,000 Atoka 54,000 130 120 50,000 1 4,000 132 6 7 22 9 15 '.5.00 5,000 Beaver 66,140 73 69 34,140 8 32,000 125 7 15 30 30 15 70.00 Beckham 62,720 98 95 34,220 14 28,500 206 0 4 46 63 5 65.00 88,666 Blaine 85,000 70 65 60,000 6 25,000 145, 6 13 42 60 8 57.18 Bryan 98,000 72 0 160 159 78,000 1 20,000 3 22 42 14 60.00 "800 Caddo 101 120,000 57 0 100 70,000 1 50,000 9 13 26 25 70.00 Canadian .... 74 114,0001 50 3 68 34,000 4 80,000 27 14 14 22 50.00 Carter 58 26,000 80 8 57 16,000 2 10,000 10 16 41 37 73.20 19,000 Cherokee .... 38 40,000 66 4 40 10,000 4 30,000 2 9 7 15 65.00 25,000 Choctaw 46 18,000 105 1 45 18,000 0 10 40 38 11 60.00 Cimarron .... 68 57,150 166 1 67 49,150 2 8,000 10 54 43 10 61.80 160,000 Cleveland 45 57,000 150 2 32 12,000 5 45,000 18 68 69 55.00 50,000 Coal 148 171,000 155 16 6 75,000 8 96,000 10 44 47 55.00 5,000 Comanche ... 67 143 56,000 40 0 23 40,000 3 16,000 1 11 25 60.00 50,000 Craig 62 67 66,000 111 5 21 16,000 4 50,000 14 27 Creek 96 80 65,600 221 6 9 45 60.00 35,600 7 30,000 187 221 Custer 107 92 73,600 192 40 35 5 60.00 58,900 6 14,700 77 40 255,000 Dewey ... 61 97 40,000 46 52 34 7 50.00 30,000 1 10,000 10 12 Delaware 108 61 76,000 1.111 5 12 15 70.00 36,000 4 40,000 30 58 Ellis 61 90 95,000 601 1 6 6 55.00 50,000 3 45,000 22 24 Garvin 84 78 220,000 691 2 8 25 62.50 8,000 70,000 8 17 35 Grady 85 70 150,000 110.000 59J 5 14 22 50.00 40,000 60,000 6 14 30 Greer 126 80 50,000 211,^85 217 4 8 6 50.00 80,000 98 77 Garfield 40 128 111,485 10 100,000 60,000 60 75 17 14 50.001 100,000 22 20 McLain 83 28 28,000 7 35,000 20,000 30 8 5 9 70.00J 19 23 McCurtain ... 60 40 20,000 0 135,800 S3 20 6 8 65.001 1,666 12 21 Mcintosh 74 68 54,800 6 ' 81,000 68,000 81] 21 17 27 60.00] 15,000 20 22 Noble 49 76 57,000 4 11,000 46.700 46 4 6 2 55.00| 15,000 15 18 Nowata 39 37 40,700 1 6.000 64,000 60 10 5 21 60.00i 22 46 Okfuskee 86 50 30,000 3 34,000 10,075,445i 302 19 22 10 50.00! G9 91 Oklahoma 41 107 61,445 26 10,014,000 107,0001 90 39 23 22 60.00 400,000 22 25 58 37 15,000 6 92,000 40,4001 61 20 3 12 60.00 35,000 Okmulgee 14 42 38 10,400 1 30,000 98,000 73 7 20 55.00 110,000 Osage 45 30 38 40,000] 5 58,000 88,3501 114 2 5 251 50.00] Ottawa 72 40 76 48,350 2 40,000 90,000 140 18 39 5 03.00] Pawnee , 96 54 93 42,170 8 47,830 225,000 150 11 47 15 51.53! 500,000 Payne 87 57 70 85,000 12 140,000 130,000 93 14 5C 18 50.00] Pittsburg 61 19 55 40,000 7 90,000 26,000 36 30 13 60.00! Pontotoc .... 36 18 30 18,000 1 201,400 236 7 19 54.50] 30,000 Pushmataha . 125 8,000 111 76,400 10 42,021 101 '90 50,000 Pottawatomie 97 132 125,000 31 9 60.00| 39,021 1 117,000 81 19 Roger Mills.. 38 95 3,000 36 29 62.50] 37,000 12 77,000 50 2G Rogers 43 37 80,000 30 6 60.00] 15,000 4 20,190 81 20 Seminole .... 56 20 62,000 25 12 66.00] 9,190 2 67,000 86 32 Sequoyah 68 27 11,000 34 24 55.00J 15,000 112 62 30,000 3 37,000 69,000 122 2 13 65.00] Stephens 30,000 37 72 100 5 39,000 121,000 95 55 25 54.00| Texas 86,000 11 29 72 3 35,000 262,000 132 28 4 60.00| Tillman 12,000 40 70 48 6 250,000 60,000 110 34 26 60.00] 200,000 Tulsa 30,000 40 101 40 7 30,000 64,604 128 16 27 55.00 Wagoner .... 52,781 20 109 97 4 11,823 55,000 135 25 4 60.00 37,000 Washita .... 50,000 80 19 104 2 5,000 77,750 117 67 0 62.50 200,000 Woods 2,750 10 116 11 75,000 56,000 125 10 6 60.00 Washington . 20,000j 37 Woodward .. 111 36,000 31 29 49.35 Totals" |5,656|5,361| $3,147,622| 463|$13,657,785|$16,805,407|8,091| 645] 63| 830]2,550|3,091|1,208]$57.83|$49.22| 64|$3,440,800 RECOMMENDATIONS. In order that our educational work may be placed on a more satisfactory and solid basis, I respectfully make the following recommendations: 1. That three State normal schools be established in that port of the State formerly known as the Indian Territory—one in the southeastern, one in the northeastern and one in the eastern section of that part of the State. 2. That the State Industrial School for Girls, provided for by the First legislature of the State be located by the legislature or that power be given the board of regents to locate said school. 3. That the State commission of agriculture and industrial education be authorized and empowered to locate the three secondary agricultural and mechanical schools that are not yet located. 4. That the separate school law be amended and its provisions more clearly defined. 5. That provisions be made for a State industrial reform school for in corrigible and delinquent children. 6. To insure absolute uniformity in the use of the adopted text-books, and to aid in the enforcement of the compulsory attendance law, that a bill be passed providing that the State furnish text-books free of cost to all of the common schools of the State. 7. That all school registers for teachers and record books for the use of school officers be furnished free by the State. 8. That the temporary location of the Oklahoma School for the Deaf at Sulphur be made permanent and that proper buildings be erected for its use at once. 9. That the Oklahoma School for the Blind be permanently located and that large fireproof buildings be erected for its use as soon as possible. 10. That additional buildings and equipment be provided for the use of the Whitaker Orphan School and Home at Pryor Creek, and that this be desig nated as the permanent State institution for the white orphan children of the State. 11. That an appropriation be made for the use of the Colored Orphan School and Home already established in Logan County, and that a suitable building be erected for this purpose without delay. 12. That suitable buildings be provided for the Oklahoma School of Mines located at Wilburton and proper equipment secured for the same. 13. That the salaries of county superintendents be increased, and that if 182 SECOND BIENNIAL EEPOET OF THE the basis of the county superintendent's salary is not changed that the law be so amended that the enumeration of cities of the first class be couned in making up the county superintendent salary. 14. That the law in force in regard to the certification of teachers be so amended that the county superintendent and the county board of exam iners have charge of all the examinations conducted in the bounds of the county, and that the county superintendent and all the members of the board of county examiners sign all certificates issued in the bounds of the county before the same shall be considered legal and in full effect. 15. That in cities of the first class the board of education shall consist of five members elected from the school district at large. 16. That the law be so amended that all school district taxes arising from the taxation of all railroads in the county be pro-rated among the sev eral districts of the county and not be given to those districts only through which the railroads run. 17. That suitable demonstration farms be provided each of the normal schools now established for the use of the Department of Agriculture, Horti culture and Stock Feeding, and that additional lands be secured for other State schools when needed to carry out the excellent provisions of the consti tution in regard to these branches. 18. That the State Superintendent be given a skilled agricultural assistant and inspector to properly introduce and supervise the work in Agriculture and Domestic Science in all the common schools and high schools of the State. 19. That the State Superintendent be given a high school assistant and inspector to encourage the establishment of accredited high schools in every county of our grand and glorious State. This is work that properly belongs to the office of the State Superintendent. 20. That the State Superintendent be given an appropriation for a printing fund that will be sufficiently large to print all the blanks needed by the State Superintendent, the county superintendents and all school districts officers, Unless this is done blanks cannot be printed and distributed when they are needed. 21. That some provision be made for the care of the needy crippled, de formed and feeble-minded children in the State. Other states have made such provisions and Oklahoma should do likewise. 22. That Statehood Day be made a legal holiday, and that all schools be required to observe the day with appropriate exercises and ceremonies. 23. That all school officers be required to make proper reports to the county superintendent and the State Superintendent, and that penalties be inflicted on all those who persistently refuse or neglect to make such reports. 24. That legislation be enacted requiring all teachers to give their pupils proper instruction on Scientific Temperance and the Humane Treatment of Birds and Animals.