SUBSEA ’s Only Diving Magazine

VINCENT O’BRIEN AWARDS 2018

B4 Vol. 10 No. 161 Summer 2018 Ireland’s Islands Trip Can you dive with Diabetes A dive between two Continents DEPARTURE DATES Book your Ryanair flights to Tenerife on EL HIERRO the designated date. I collect you at Tenerife airport and we transfer to a hotel in the nearby resort of Los Cristianos from DIVER’S PARADISE ISLAND! where we depart by fast ferry next day to El Hierro. We travel back on Sunday evening to the bright lights of Tenerife EL HIERRO THE DIVING before flying home Monday. A magic, undiscovered little gem of an The best diving in all of Spain. The Spanish island on the western edge of the Canary Open U/W Photography Competition (a AUTUMN 2018 DEPARTURES archipelago. Only 25 miles long but major, heavily sponsored event) has been 5,000ft high it has an extraordinary held here for the last 16 years! Probably I Monday 8 Oct diversity of scenery from green fields the best diving in all of Euro-land. It is, after and stonewalls like the west of Ireland, all, the most southerly (28 degrees) and I Monday 15 Oct up on the plateau, through beautiful the most westerly (18 degrees) point in pine and laurel forests and vineyards Europe. are tropical and the I Monday 5 Nov down to fertile coastal plains awash with Ocean is 25 degrees in autumn so there is bananas, pine apples, papayas and abun dant Oceanic and tropical life, I Monday 19 Nov cereals. The people are extremely particularly in the Marine Reserve, situated friendly and there is zero crime on the in The “Mar de Las Calmas” or tranquil sea, The diving holiday price which includes island. There are no Irish bars, no English an area of several square miles completely all transfers and transport; all ferries; all bars, no fast food joints, no golf courses, protected from the prevailing NE winds by accommodation and ten boat dives with no snakes or mosquitoes - and hardly huge cliffs. tanks, air, and dive guide is €645. any tourists. In fact no nasties at all! The seascape is spectacular with Non divers and hill walkers (5 days guided The scenic driving and hill walking are dramatic dropoffs, caves and pinnacles. walking) travel for just €445. both dramatic and amazing so it is idyllic Depths are daunting with 3,000m not far for the non-diving spouse who values offshore. Visibility is 30m plus and the peace and quiet and an utterly relaxing sea is a vivid blue. The variety and Good Diving! holiday in the sun. abundance of marine life is exceptional. Shane

2 SubSea Summer 2018 SUBSEA CONTENTS ISSN 0791 - 475X Volume 10 Number 161 Summer 2018

5 EDITORIAL Editor's comment 5 BRIEFINGS What’s happening at home and abroad 6 DIVING WITH DIABETES IN IRELAND By Dr Richard O’Regan 7 DIABETES AND DIVING By Drs Chris Edge, Mark Glover and Phil Bryson 13 MECHANICAL KELP HARVESTING IN BANTRY BAY By Jack Trá 16 DIVING FOR TREASURE Book review by Denny Lawlor

The bow of the Justicia. Darragh Norton’s entry in the 17 UW PHOTO DAY AND VINCENT O’BRIEN AWARDS Vincent O’ Brien memorial photography competition. By Ivan Donoghue 22 SIFRA, Attention SubSea contributors By Ray Yeates 25 THE COAST GUARD AND DIVERS • Submit all material to the Editor at [email protected] or to Head Office By Don Baldwin • Material must arrive well in advance of the deadline. 29 RNLI DIVER SEA SURVIVAL COURSE • Pictures are essential to illustrate news items and articles. By Ray Yeates • Authors must remember that they bear responsibility to ensure that material is not copied from another 31 IRELAND’S ISLANDS TRIP copyrighted publication. By Marco Salino • Ensure that digital photos submitted are: 120 pixels/cm (300 dpi) and sized at 30cm X 21cm. 35 DUBLIN M1 COURSE By Maja Stankovski

SubSea is published by the Irish Underwater Council. The 37 views expressed are not necessarily those of the Council. By Steve Mulhall The magazine is not intended as an invitation or prospectus to 38 SOUTH EAST DIVE RALLY members of the public or other interested parties to dive on any of the sites that are mentioned in the text and anyone intending to do so Details of the July event and Hook Peninsula guide should take appropriate advice with regard to the safety and viability of their proposed actions. Boarding a wreck requires the permission of 42 NEWS the owner. Diving on a 100 year old wreck requires a permit. League results

Edited by: Martin Baillie-Johnston 45 OUR CLUB – SHANNONSIDE SUB AQUA CLUB Advertising: Sarah Campbell Shannonside celebrate 42 years of diving Proofreading: Eibhir Mulqueen 47 NEWS Colm Lowney Shannonside SAC snorkel activities Typesetting and Design: Bernard Kaye 49 NAUTICAL ARCHAEOLOGY SOCIETY NEWS Honorary Archivist: Marie Grennan Affiliated to NMS Wreck Viewer and Museum Conservation Tour SubSea, Irish Underwater Council, 51 MART AND EXCHANGE 78a Patrick St., Dun Laoghaire Co. Dublin. Tel: (01) 2844601. Fax: (01) 2844602. CMAS Autumn 2018 Issue Deadline Web site: www.diving.ie All articles for inclusion in the next issue of SubSea E-Mail: [email protected] should be sent to the editor before August 25 th . th Printed by Doggett Print & Design, Dublin. All advertising should be sent to CFT Head Office before August 25 . Tel: (01) 453 3151. Fax: (01) 453 3156. SubSea Summer 2018 3 LANZAROTE With the best situation for diving on Lanzarote, Safari Diving is located in the family friendly, safe resort of Puerto del Carmen. The shore dives are literally on the doorstep and

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4 SubSea Summer 2018 BRIEFINGS

Search and Recovery medals Editorial

I hope this issue finds everyone enjoying this beautiful weather and getting into the full swing of the diving season. As always people have been very kind with their time, writing articles about the great diving and snorkelling that has been taking place at home and abroad. is edition of Subsea has another fine collection of articles. CFT’s own medical advisor Dr. Richard O’Regan brings us the final instalment of his medical In recognition of the service carried out by long serving members of fitness for diving trilogy. CFT/IUC S and R units, CFT would like to invite nominations from Advanced instructor Steve Mulhall clubs for S & R unit members with 10 or more years of service. e shares his experience of using a rebreather for the nominations should also include members who are no longer active first time with us. but have completed 10 years of service in the past. It is proposed to Ivan O’Donoghue tells us all about the Vincent award a medal to these members at the 2019 AGM. Please send your O’Brien Memorial photo competition that was nominations to [email protected]” held earlier this year. We have news on the upcoming North West and South East Dive rallies. Jack Tra gives an update on the environmental issue being faced at Bantry Bay. Ray Yeates brings us two articles, first an article about his trip to the Silfra and then an article about new RNLI Course. We also have articles, about the Coast Guard and Divers, Island Diving at home, the recent M1 Instructors course and information on how “long- term” Search and Rescue Team members can apply for their long service medals. We have updates on NAS News, Snorkel News, UWH News, book reviews and an article from the Shannonside Sub Aqua Club in the “Our Club” section. Please feel free to drop me a line if you have any suggestions or ideas of what you would like to see in Subsea or have your club featured in the “Our Club” section. I am always interested to hear what is going on around the country. Many thanks to all the people who helped prepare this edition of Subsea

Safe Diving Marty

SubSea Summer 2018 5 Diving with diabetes in Ireland By Dr Richard O’Regan – CFT/IUC Medical Officer

When I was appointed to the post of developing diabetes and a further tingling, pins and needles etc. but how IUC/CFT Medical Officer I was 300,000 30-40 year old were at risk. A are we to know that diabetics with specifically asked to attempt to VHI study of 30,000 members revealed tingly feet after diving haven’t early facilitate diabetics dive. After that 17% had abnormal fasting blood problems rather than discussion with the President Jean sugar levels, that 10% were pre-diabetic diabetic complications. ose with Kellegher, NDO Dermot Moynihan and that 2% were unknowingly peripheral neuropathy or being treated and General Manager Louise Gilligan diabetic. is study found that males for it will not meet the criteria for it was decided that the best were 2.5 times more likely than females diabetics wishing to dive. Previously mechanism that would allow for this to develop diabetes. Overweight (BMI those problems alongside the increased was for the IUC/CFT to formally join >> 30) was the commonest modifiable risk of a heart attack or stroke the UKDMC group (alongside BSAC, risk factor. If diabetes prevalence is excluded diabetics from diving. SSAC and SAA). We would then have increasing in the general population it However well controlled and full access to their medical information will increase in the diving population. monitored diabetics are probably not database and procedures. If IUC/CFT e elevated blood sugar (& ) in at much greater a risk than their peers were to have attempted to develop its diabetes damages blood vessel walls, whose underlying medical problems own procedures it would have been there is an increased risk of heart attacks might not be known. Diabetics wishing cost and expertise prohibitive and why and strokes. Damage to peripheral blood to dive have to maintain a high level of reinvent the wheel. All of the scuba vessels can led to difficult to heal leg control but this rather than being seen dive medical advisory groupings DAN, ulcers and potentially lead to limb as a hindrance should be taken as an UHMS, SPUMS and UKDMC amputation. Diabetes can cause opportunity to maintain their general recommend that carefully managed blindness. Diabetes can cause kidney health. To date the UKDMC and selected diabetics be allowed dive. damage leading to dialysis. mechanism has passed all those who IUC/CFT now allows diabetics dive Markers of blood vessel disease are have been presented to it. if they meet the criteria as set by In the associated article reprinted UKDMC. All Irish (& British) divers 1) visible changes to the blood from BSAC’s SCUBA magazine by Drs have to be cleared by UKDMC’s active vessels at the back of the eye, Chris Edge (endocrinology), Mark diver and consultant endocrinologist hence the free to access Diabetes Turner (cardiology) and DDRC’s Phil Dr Chris Edge. Retina Screening Programme Bryson explain diabetes and diving. I As a disease diabetes is common and available top all diabetics. would also suggest that those diabetics becoming more common. Various 2) the presence of sugar, protein or and DOs with diabetic divers look up studies have estimated that there are blood in the urine, the DAN website on their suggestions approximately 250,000 diabetics in on how to manage diabetics at a dive 3) abnormal feet/leg sensations, Ireland, 6.5 % of the population site. peripheral neuropathy. (Diabetes Ireland). 85% of diabetics are adult onset Type 2 diabetics. e One of the earliest complaints that Safe diving, Healthy Ireland study estimated that diabetics develop is abnormal 850,000 40+ year old were at risk of perception of sensation in their feet, Richard O Regan.

6 SubSea Summer 2018 Diabetes and diving: What we all need to know

Testing blood glucose as part of a diabetes management system. Photo: Pixabay.com . Diabetes is a disease affecting a growing number of people, and has serious implications for divers. Report by Doctors Chris Edge , Mark Glover and Phil Bryson

Over the last 20 years or so, the have been fundamental to this change. What is diabetes mellitus? attitude of diving doctors in the UK e partnership has involved collecting towards people wishing to dive with diving and medical data from both new Type 1 diabetes diabetes has altered dramatically from and established divers with diabetes, Diabetes mellitus was first described by being a categorical “No, you can’t dive” which has allowed doctors to see what the ancient Egyptian and Indian to “You may be able to dive safely, sort of diving activities diabetic divers physicians who noted that a diabetic provided your diabetes is well- are participating in, and how diving person’s urine was sweet and would managed and you have none of the may have affected the diabetic attract ants. Undoubtedly these patients long-term complications of the condition. us safety issues around had what is now known as type 1 disease”. is change has been adopted diving with diabetes can start to be diabetes (and used to be known as world-wide with many countries now addressed. insulin dependent diabetes mellitus or acknowledging that a blanket ban on is article salutes all those divers IDDM). Type 1 diabetes usually diving with diabetes cannot be who have made this possible, and tries manifests itself during childhood or sustained in the light of to explain to anyone with diabetes who early adulthood and comes about as the evidence and experience. British divers dives or who is thinking of learning to islets of Langerhans in the pancreas with diabetes, in a unique partnership dive what the potential challenges to cease to produce the hormone insulin , with the UK diving medical doctors safe diving might be. thus necessitating replacement with

SubSea Summer 2018 7 Diabetes and Diving insulin injections. Insulin is part of the What might be the consequences of regulation mechanism for glucose and diving with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, fat in the body. It allows glucose (one of and does the changing proportion of the main fuels in the body) to be type 1 to type 2 make any difference? absorbed by skeletal muscle cells and Broadly, the answers can be divided fat tissue. Unless the levels of insulin into two main categories: short-term are carefully regulated then one of two and long-term. conditions may be the result: a) high Any drug capable of causing a ‘hypo’ blood sugar (hyperglycaemia) in which (low blood sugar) that is taken to there is too much glucose in the blood control diabetes could cause (caused by insufficient insulin) resulting to have a fit underwater (as a result of in the excess glucose acting like a toxin the neurons in the brain having to the bodily tissues, or b) low blood Metformin is the drug most commonly pre - insufficient glucose to function scribed to help control type 2 diabetes in the UK. sugar (hypoglycaemia) in which there is Photo by Ash, Wikimedia Commons . properly), or to lose control of the too little glucose in the blood (caused regulator, with disastrous by too much insulin resulting in consequences. excessive absorption of glucose into the gliclazide, rosiglitazone, or sitagliptin is may occur rapidly after taking cells and tissues). e brain, which uses to name but a few) to insulin the drug, as for example with too glucose as fuel, is thereby starved of injections, either alone or in much insulin, or rather more slowly, as glucose leading ultimately to fits, combination with the aforementioned in the case of the sulphonylurea class unconsciousness, and death unless drugs. It’s important to recognise that of drugs, which include gliclazide and treated rapidly by administration of all the treatment methods for type 2 glibenclamide. is ‘hypo’ state may be glucose orally or intravenously. Another diabetes with the exception of diet- brought on more rapidly if the diver is treatment for hypoglycaemia is to use control alone and diet plus metformin exercising hard, such as finning against the hormone glucagon which is alone have the potential to cause low a current, or even rapidly as injected, like insulin, int the blood sugar with the same a result of anxiety. Cold, too, may subcutaneous tissues. Glucagon causes consequences as for type 1 diabetes exacerbate the problem. It is therefore the rapid release of stored glucose from namely unconsciousness and death if essential that a diver who dives with the liver into the blood stream. not treated promptly. diabetes has the condition under good Additionally, diabetes (both type 1 and A third type of diabetes, diabetes control and is able to recognise signs type 2 – see below) may lead to other insipidus , may be confused with of an impending ‘hypo’, even in an conditions such a high blood , diabetes mellitus. It is caused by the environment which may have many coronary heart disease and stroke. A lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or distractions. Such a ‘hypo’ can then be person with diabetes may therefore be its failure to act on cells in the kidney. avoided underwater by taking glucose on medication for the treatment or It is much rarer in the population than in the form of a tube of paste which prevention of such conditions. diabetes mellitus and is not covered can be inserted into the corner of the further in this article. mouth without removing the regulator, or on the surface in the Type 2 diabetes form of sugary snacks. Whatever the Consequences for form of sugar, the diver must practise Type 2 diabetes (which used to be In 1991, the collection of data from taking it underwater and using it, so known as non-insulin dependent divers with diabetes started. Figure 1 that a ‘hypo’ does not become an diabetes mellitus or NIDDM) occurs shows the percentage of divers with emergency situation. Even on the either when the body can still make diabetes who have the two types of surface, a diver may have difficulty in some insulin, but insufficient to control diabetes for the years 2001 and 2013. safely ingesting the sugar as a result of the amount of glucose in the blood, or e rise in the numbers of divers with the and spray; again, practise when the body becomes resistant to type 2 diabetes is reflected in the under controlled conditions will help the effects of insulin (insulin national statistics of the numbers of to prevent the problem getting out-of- resistance). is form of diabetes people with diabetes in the UK hand. usually occurs in people over the age of population where 90 per cent of 40 but recently (and very worryingly) is diabetic persons are classified as being increasingly seen in children. having type 2 diabetes; before 1960 the Long-term consequences e vast majority of cases of type 2 number of people in the UK Diabetes, whether type 1 or type 2, diabetes are linked with being population with type 2 diabetes was in must be kept under good, long-term overweight. e diabetes is treated in a single figures. In 2008 in the general control. Control can be maintained by variety of ways ranging from diet- UK population it was estimated that measuring the blood sugar control alone, through drugs such as three people were being diagnosed on at least a daily basis metformin (used alone or in with diabetes every 10 minutes, and (and more often if insulin is being combination with other drugs such as this figure is increasing. used) and by having a blood test for

8 SubSea Summer 2018 Diabetes and Diving

Consequences of diabetes for scuba diving Percentage of Divers with Diabetes divided according to type in 2001 and 2013

80 Type 1

70 Type 2, Diet or Metformin Only Type 2, Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents 60

50 e

g 40 a t n

e 30 c r e

P 20

10

0 2001 2013 YEAR Figure 1 glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) on warning sign of an impending heart . e symptoms at least an annual basis (again, this attack is often absent in people with may appear or disappear rapidly and it should be performed more frequently, diabetes. may be difficult for the doctor in the depending on the control of the Another problem with the heart in hyperbaric chamber to come to the diabetic condition). Poor control is diabetes is not recognised widely. correct diagnosis. more likely to lead to long-term Diabetes can affect the nerves in the complications of diabetes, with autonomic nervous system that Kidneys: One of the tasks of the implications for diving. ese controls the heart rate. If this happens, kidneys is to filter blood to remove complications can arise in many then the heart rate does not vary unwanted products but keeping the organs, including the eye, heart, blood appropriately in response to, for vital blood proteins and salts that are vessels, kidney, nervous system, and example, exercise, a Valsalva important for maintaining the body’s skin. ey appear to arise from a manoeuvre (pinching the nose whilst internal physiology. Diabetes can common cause, namely the blockage of puffing out the cheeks) or stress and, disrupt the filtration process, leading the small and medium-sized arteries in as Wang Shuhe recognised as early as first to a loss of protein and then to a the body. Here are a few of the more the third Century AD, this too can lead more general loss of function, resulting important complications and their to sudden death. in long-term kidney failure. is in consequences for divers: turn will affect the functioning of many Nerves: Diabetes can cause problems of the other organs in the body. Heart: Diabetes can accelerate the such as numbness, tingling, Although dialysis may help, the blockage of the coronary vessels, hypersensitivity, and pain. ese logistics of diving when having regular leading to early heart attack and other symptoms tend to occur in the arms dialysis are overwhelming in all but a serious problems. Sudden exercise and the legs and feet. Numbness in the very few cases. such as finning against a current, feet (in a so-called ‘stocking’ particularly in people who don’t distribution) can then lead to normally take much exercise, is ulceration of the feet. Should a diver Diving with diabetes particularly prone to cause such with diabetes experience any of these As diving is one of the very few problems (see box). Cardiac pain problems, there is a risk that the activities in which a person is (angina) on exercise, which may be a symptoms can be confused with completely immersed in a non-

SubSea Summer 2018 9 Diabetes and Diving

A pack containing the medical forms for diving with diabetes is obtainable from the BSAC website. A diving medical must be undertaken annually by a diving medical referee. A list of such referees is available again on the BSAC website or at www.uksdmc.co.uk e reason for this is that many doctors do not have specialist knowledge of which a diving medical referee will have. e annual requirement is necessary, as diabetes may evolve over time, necessitating medication changes which may have an effect on diving.

Diving with diabetes involves both pre and post- Pre-dive: e diver with diabetes should be as fit and mentally prepared to dive as his/her non-diabetic buddy. e diver with diabetes should be espe - cially careful with regard to being ade - quately (but not over) hydrated as there is some evidence that the level of hy - dration affects the chances of experi - encing decompression illness. e Dive Manager must be aware that the diver is diabetic and should also be informed of the profile of the dive (‘plan the dive, dive the plan’). e diabetic diver’s buddy should be a person who is either: · A regular diving partner and who is familiar with the diabetic person and the problems he/she is likely to experience · A trained medic, nurse, or paramedic who is familiar with the problems of A hypoglycemic attack could be brought on by a diver with unmanaged diabetes having to work hard diabetes underwater. Photo: Pixabay.com . A diver with type 1 diabetes or type 2 breathable environment, there are some growth has occurred and the doses diabetes taking any medication that limits placed on both divers and of insulin required are more stable. could cause hypoglycaemia may be potential divers with diabetes. ese are: · No person with diabetes who has unable to help him / herself. In order · No would-be diver under the age of any of the long-term complications that appropriate and timely assistance 18 with diabetes is allowed to dive in of diabetes (with the exception of can be given, the diver should carry the open water, and may only dive in the mild background retinopathy) is following in his / her dive kit: pool with close supervision. e allowed to dive. The reason for this · Oral glucose tablets or a tube of reason for this is that during is that once long-term glucose paste adolescence, insulin requirements complications of diabetes are Emergency intramuscular injection may vary within short periods of present, then neuropathies and · of glucagon; time due to the glucose demands of kidney problems are more likely to the body. Such changes are difficult develop. These can cause serious · Glucose measurement sticks together to take into account when diving and problems with diagnosis of possible with the necessary glucometer kit the risks of hypoglycaemia in the decompression illness and with and CLEAR instructions for use of water are high. By the age of 18, most exercise tolerance. such a kit.

10 SubSea Summer 2018 Diabetes and Diving

It is essential that there is at least one trials conducted in hyperbaric person in the dive party who is able to Heart attack in Belize chambers have found that hyperbaric use and administer the glucose tablets can lower blood sugar levels and intramuscular injection of Roberta was diving off the coast of quite rapidly, but these trials have been glucagon. Belize, when she experienced conducted in people with long-term If a diver with type 2 diabetes is shortness of breath. A 60-year-old consequences of diabetes while controlled only on diet or diet plus diabetic with a history of coronary breathing 100 per cent oxygen. Such metformin then it is not necessary to problems, she didn’t waste time in people are not permitted to dive. have emergency supplies of glucose in proceeding to the local hospital, the dive kit, as the diver will not where she was diagnosed with a mild become hypoglycaemic during the heart attack… She was provided with How can the diver with diabetes course of the dive. private ground and air ambulance A diver with diabetes should transport with full medical teams to stay healthy? probably dive no deeper than 30 take her to Miami, FL where she One of the main concerns with type 2 metres until considerable experience is received appropriate medical diabetes is early recognition of the gained of how diabetic control is intervention and was stabilised. condition. Tiredness, frequency of affected by diving. e reason for this From a diving magazine passing urine, multiple skin infections, is that dives to greater depth are more advertisement and blurred vision are some of the likely to require compulsory symptoms and signs that may occur. In decompression stops, with a greater older studies, people presenting with risk for the development of Post-dive: On arrival back at the boat type 2 diabetes had had the disease for decompression illness if hypoglycaemia (or on shore if a shore-dive) the diver 4-7 years, which is ample time for the diver to surface early and with diabetes should check their long-term complications to be present. stops are not carried out correctly. glucose level and, if necessary, correct Diving doctors are becoming erefore, he/she should remain well it in the appropriate manner. Any increasingly concerned about these within the tables or have no less than adverse symptoms or signs should complications and the effect that they two minutes no-stop time left on a immediately be reported either to their may have, if unrecognised, in the diver. . diving buddy or to the Dive Manager In more recent studies, 25 per cent had and should not be passed off as merely He/she must not dive with a buddy eye disease, nine per cent nervous · ‘part of diving’. who has diabetes disease, and 8 per cent kidney disease · Safety equipment must be carried, at the time of diagnosis. It is important for example – marker buoy, flag, to have regular, annual medical check- flares Does diving have any effect on ups for diabetes if there is a history of diabetes? diabetes in the family, or you have a · Long-term build-up of nitrogen in BMI (Body Mass Index) of over 30 the tissues must be avoided by e short-term effect of exercise on (calculated as the in ensuring that no more than three diabetes generally is to lower the blood kilogrammes divided by height in consecutive days’ diving are sugar level which may result in a ‘hypo’. metres squared). undertaken, with no more than two Many divers can recognise this as Some divers who have been dives to be done each day. mentioned above and take suitable diagnosed with diabetes, especially It would seem sensible for the diver steps to avoid serious consequences. In type 2 diabetes in which the condition with diabetes to ensure that he/she has the long-term, exercise undertaken by can be controlled only by diet, fail to a slightly high blood sugar level before divers with well-controlled diabetes is recognise the potential seriousness of the dive by consuming glucose in thought to be beneficial, as it is with the condition. It is important, given the whatever form takes their preference. most other forms of exercise. A few exercise-limiting potential of cardiac Five tests for CAN 1. Heart rate variability during inspiration and expiration 2. Heart rate variability during and after a Valsalva manoeuvre 3. Heart rate variability between lying down and standing 4. Blood pressure change between lying down and standing up 5. Blood pressure difference before and during a sustained handgrip measured using a dynamometer

SubSea Summer 2018 11 Diabetes and Diving

A balanced diet with careful carb and fat control is the key to both avoidance and management of type 2 diabetes. Ration those burgers! Photos: Pixabay.com . autonomic neuropathy (CAN) that recommended to discuss these options, with all diving instruction, a gradual regular testing for the condition is which must not be taken lightly. programme should be undertaken of carried out. Five simple clinical tests Provided there are no long-term graded instruction. Competent divers (see box) that can be carried out in the complications from the procedure, wishing to learn new skills in shallow GP’s surgery can, together with a diving should not be affected, but water might be a useful starting point, careful history, help this condition to clearance from a diving doctor will be with progression up to novice divers be diagnosed. Once diagnosed, then required before diving is restarted after undertaking their first dive in open treatment can be given to reduce the the operation. water. It would be unacceptable for the impact of this condition on the diver dive to have an instructor with with diabetes. It is also important that diabetes teaching another diver with any change in medication, especially Can diving instructors dive with the same condition in the water. addition of new medication, is discussed with a diving medical doctor diabetes? as this medication may have Given the increasing numbers of divers consequences for fitness to dive. diving with diabetes, the question of Summary Failure to do so can invalidate any instructing with the disease was bound Despite opposition from many diving medical insurance that the diver to arise. When considering this groups over the years, it is now may have. problem, the over-riding concern must largely accepted that divers with If diabetes is already present, then be the to the diver under well-controlled diabetes and none the diver can stay healthy by regular instruction. is must apply whether of the long-term complications can exercise, eating healthy foods, regularly the instructor is being remunerated for safely dive recreationally. is is measuring blood sugar levels, taking instruction or not. It would be radically different situation from any medication as prescribed, and unacceptable for a trainee diver to have that which existed 20 years ago, attending annual diabetic clinics. If, in to deal with a medical condition, such where people with diabetes were the case of type 2 diabetes the BMI is as a hypoglycaemic attack, that has banned from diving altogether. greater than 35 and attempts at weight- occurred in the instructor. erefore, Although divers with diabetes may loss have been unsuccessful, then there the instructor must be in control of be reticent to undergo an annual is the option of bariatric surgery, which his/her diabetic condition at all times diving medical, regular check-ups is recommended by the National when diving. can enable the complications of Institute of health and Care Excellence Most diving doctors would want to diabetes to be avoided or – NICE. is may take the form of see that any person with diabetes has postponed, and this in turn means either a banding of the stomach, or a been able to control their disease both that diving can continue for a re-plumbing of the stomach and on land and underwater, diving under longer time period, which has to intestine (called a Roux-en-Y different conditions, for a period of at be a good thing! Divers in the UK procedure). Both methods result in least one year. is means keeping with diabetes and the UK diving weight reduction and fewer records of blood sugar measurements medical doctors have been largely medications being required to control every day, particularly before and after responsible for this worldwide the diabetes, but in the case of the any dive. Long-term control must also change in the attitude to diving Roux-en-Y procedure it can in some be good and there must be no long- with diabetes and it is something cases lead to disappearance of the type term complications of diabetes present. for which the diving community as 2 diabetes altogether. Consultation Once the instructor with diabetes has a whole in this country can be proud. with a general practitioner is been passed as fit to instruct then, as ◼

12 SubSea Summer 2018 Mechanical Kelp Harvesting in Bantry Bay by Jack Trá

Dive site - North Atlantic Ocean 51.695338, -9.596121 Kelp at the North Wall, Co Dublin. Photo courtesy of and © Lucinda Keogh . “A licence to Industrially Extract 1860 acres of Native Kelp in Bantry Bay has been issued to BioAtlantis, Tralee”.

ese are the words of the people of government officials after travelling to Bantry in their valiant attempt to seek “We the people speak the capital for scheduled meetings. justice against the issuing of “the Bantry Bay is famous the world over largest industrial scale native kelp for the sea and the for its scenery, seafood, wildlife and harvest licence ever issued in Irish or land and urge fishing. Many local jobs revolve around British waters”. BioAtlantis intends on the health of the bountiful bay and using the wild kelps to create fertilisers everybody to holdfast have sustainably done so for and growth promoters for intensive pig generations. It is no wonder the local farming. Both of these creating grave and build strength community have raised concern environmental threats of their own. against the regarding the extraction of 80% of e people of Bantry are backing their targeted kelp species from the people, coastal heritage and feel hard done by, privatisation of the animals and environment that rely on on the inadequate consultation and them. We the people speak for the sea advertising of the proposal to the wild.” and the land and urge everybody to public, and the fact that the holdfast and build strength against the government had signed off on an e fight for Bantry Bay quickly privatisation of the wild. industrial harvest where no gained traction in local and national Mechanical kelp harvesting on an environmental impact assessment news agencies, however the group are industrial scale has caused controversy would be necessary. still being left waiting at the offices of the world over. France, Norway,

SubSea Summer 2018 13 Kelp Harvesting in Bantry Bay

Urchins . Photo courtesy of Ian McAllister: https://pacificwild.org/visual-media/photography/underwater-world

Western United States and South A trophic cascade is the knock on and in the end the ecosystem becomes Africa have been mechanically effect felt by an ecosystem, that unbalanced and begins to rapidly slope harvesting for many years now. influences all of its members when one in a particular direction, ultimately Opening up the boundaries of a kelp member is removed or a new member downwards. Kelp forest ecosystems are forest allows for the entry of invasive added. Imagine removing all the trees no different. With the removal of species which have been seen in of one particular species from a forest, particular kelp species we see an France. Other non-commercially viable well the forest may survive, but any opening for new species, a common kelp species from warmer tropical opportunistic culprit in kelp forest waters are beginning to take hold. “If enough of the kelp degradation being, the Sea urchin. ese species are of no interest to Sea urchins prey predominantly on harvesting companies, and greatly alter in places is removed kelp. Research from over 30 years ago, the composition of the native kelp a paper by Harrold and Reed 1985, forests. In the licence application by and the Sea urchins shows how barren zones adjacent to BioAtlantis it is said that full recovery gain entrance to the kelp forests are characterised by of harvest sites will take 5 years. is grazing from sea urchins. on an environmental scale is not all inner circles of the kelp e Sea urchins graze the periphery, that long, although when growth is while the inner kelp forest thrives as analysed in the lab and teamed with forest, then the Sea usual and the balance allows for both results from limited current study, how Urchins gain the to survive. If enough of the kelp in sure can we be? In a paper by Smale et places is removed and the Sea urchins al . 2013, compiling and analysing 60 advantage.” gain entrance to the inner circles of the years of research on kelp and kelp kelp forest, then the Sea Urchins gain forests, it has been shown to take animal that relied specifically on that the advantage. between 7-10 years on average for kelp tree species will leave, or cause I have witnessed this very forest communities to fully recover disruption in another part of the forest phenomenon on a recent research from perturbation. Recovery however to try to survive. ese interactions expedition to a remote sound system is at the mercy of one inevitable will continue throughout a web of in northern British Columbia. In natural phenomenon, trophic cascade. interconnected members in the forest Caamano Sound a kelp disease has

14 SubSea Summer 2018 Kelp Harvesting in Bantry Bay caused desolation of the kelp forest response was received almost the Sea Search Adopt a Site Scheme communities. e kelp is recovering in immediately, and action followed suit lended itself enormously to the cause. places, although on closer inspection soon after. Until now, due to limited Two 30-metre line transects were while snorkelling, one quickly notices budget, resources and technical conducted along the edge of the kelp that each new strand of kelp is being knowledge, no independent surveys bed. One documenting fauna and one attacked from all angles by green, red had been carried out for the Bantry for flora. e results were compiled and purple sea urchins. Here the Bay kelp protection group. ankfully and video footage consulted and the population of Sea urchins has grown so information handed to the people of large that there is no certainty for the Bantry. I am a graduate biologist and future of the kelps here, or those who am new to diving, however my passion rely on them. New friends of mine, “Gathering data on grows daily to explore the blue world from indigenous First Nations Irish coast lines and that rises with the . I completed communities rely on the kelp forests an observer course with Sea Search for food. Abalone were for tens of the subtidal region Ireland in early 2017, and after a dive thousands of years, a staple in the with them I now feel competent in seasonal diet of these native people. is imperative if completing surveys of my own. Due to over industrial harvesting the Gathering data on Irish coast lines and species is now classified as endangered mechanical the subtidal region is imperative if and a zero take policy implemented. mechanical harvesting or other marine With the rise in Sea urchin numbers, harvesting or other exploitation is to occur. ere are large the kelp suffers and the endangered gaps in our baseline knowledge of Abalone, outcompeted. Only when the marine exploitation marine species distribution around Sea Urchins completely exhaust their Ireland, but if the Adopt a Site Scheme food source or began to once again is to occur. There continues to be employed by local become predated upon by Sea Otters divers and clubs, then we stand a far (which have been hunted to local are large gaps in greater chance in the preservation and extinction in many areas), and decline our baseline sustainable management of our coastal in numbers, will the kelp forests have ecosystems. the chance once again to sway high knowledge of So, ask yourself. Have you ever into the intertidal zone and carry with enjoyed Irish sea food? Do you often it the fishes, crabs and mollusks, marine species take trips to the beach? If so, then you familiar to the coastal waters of BC. are an ambassador for the ocean. Even And thus, the battle for balance begins. distribution around if you have no interest in the oceans Now don’t get me wrong, I have seen whatsoever, well you still breathe colour like I never could have imagined Ireland...” oxygen, right? Over 50% of the Earth’s in some of the coastal waters and oxygen is produced by the ocean, so seamounts of Northern British basically you owe every second breath Columbia. Sea lions and seals flourish to the big blue sea. in large colonies, Humpbacks, Fin Divers, fishers, kayakers, swimmers, whales and Orca (whom I was boaters and anyone who is there to study) flock inland to enchanted at the brilliance of the the nutrient rich deep water coastal waters of the Island of ordlands to feast on Krill, Ireland, it is your voices that small fishes and the need to be heard. It is you seasonal wild Pacific who must be conscious and Salmon. Here, life lifts the pass on the knowledge in seas to bubbling heights, the pledge to protect our much like it does in seas. So from food, to Bantry. If the situation as sport, to nature, to it stands does not change, business, to tourism, to then Bantry Bay may flood defences, I think our never in our lifetimes be kelps are due a little more the same. credit than we have given In October 2017, I them. approached Sea Search Ireland Follow the efforts of the Bantry in relation to conducting a series Bay Kelp Group online, of surveys in the Bantry Bay area, as www.bantrybaykelpforest.com to provide the kelp protection group with some unbiased scientific data. A Help the kelp! ◼

SubSea Summer 2018 15 When Jenna Irvine from Whittles Publishing sent me another book edited by the very prominent and Diving For Treasure famous Rod McDonald, I was delighted and couldn’t wait to join in the treasure search, albeit from my armchair. However, this is a book with a Book Review by Denny Lawlor difference. It is really a “coffee table” sort of book, one you can take up and put down when the mood and time allows. It is a list of famous ships, some carrying very rich cargos, that never made it to their port of destination. eir final resting places are, for the most part, under the right conditions, quite diveable. Some are as shallow as 20m and indeed one listed is only at 10m on low . However many of them came to rest at greater depths,130m plus, and demand greater diving expertise using that allow longer bottom times. But depth is only part of the story, location and sea conditions change the story considerably. Such diving is not for the fainthearted or amateur. e SS Laurentic is worth a mention, not because it rests off the northeast coast of Ireland, and not because it sits at 130m but because it was carrying 43 tons of gold, some of which was recovered over time but much of which still remains on the bottom, lost probably for ever. Once again we are given the history of each ship from its birth to its demise including pictures before and after and some of the valuables recovered. is book is a must for your collection.

It is published by Whittles Publishing Dunbeath, Caithness, Scotland, KW6 6EG, UK t: +44(0)1593 731333; f: +44(0)1593 731400 ◼

.ie ing div 16 SubSea Summer 2018 Day and Vincent O’Brien awards Dublin City University – 15 th April 2018

Text by Ivan Donoghue Event images by Marco Salino Devonshire coral – Joe Fitzbibbon – winner beginners macro

SubSea Summer 2018 17 Vincent O’Brien Awards

XRatedNudies – Macro – Mike Orth.

e “Beast from the East”, caused chaos download on the CFT Underwater Pho - of his methods for post production of for those travelling to the dive show in tography facebook page. images. His talk on natural light Limerick. A number of the photogra - e first speaker was Matthieu Ben - struck a chord with the audience, that phy speakers and participants couldn’t tot Who explained the techniques and even without artificial light, you can make the journey.Photography organiser challenges of taking photographs at capture great images. All you need to Marco Salino hated to see all the good much deeper depths than recreational consider is subject matter, time of day work go to waste, so with Brian Stone’s divers get to. Regularly he takes images to maximise sun light, and stay shal - help they secured the use of Dublin City around the 80meter mark. His first low. Nick also explained his recent University for a day of photography slide was a real eye opener and reality work with trying to win a bet, by get - talks.It also gave us the chance to pre - check, as he explained the consequence ting usable images out of old film sent the awards and sponsors prizes for of a poorly sealing o-ring seal. A flood cameras. When you see the results, it the Vincent O’Brien.e get together at 60 meters requires a cool head to shows that the old techniques still was held on Sunday 15 th in the Business help save the camera and the lens. work. In fact Nick explained having Centre and for those that couldn’t make Nick Blake had two talks: “Working only thirty six shots to work with was it, the presenter’s slides are available for with Natural Light” and an overview beneficial as it removed his “digital

18 SubSea Summer 2018 Vincent O’Brien Awards

Tompot Blenny – snorkel diver – Dave Wall.

Lobster – winner beginner wide angle – Eamon O Herlihy.

SubSea Summer 2018 19 Vincent O’Brien Awards

Matthieu Bentot. Photo by Marco Salino .

Nick Blake. Photo by Marco Salino .

sloppiness” with an overreliance on software to improve images.This is where Nick’s afternoon talk on using Lightroom overlapped. Those new to the topic would have been amazed and what the software can do and the old pros would have learned a new trick or two. Damien McGuirk explained that it is not all about scuba and that you can get very decent images on breath hold. Richard orn explained his approach to snorkel photography with a view of finding and photographing unique and abstract images. We were able to present the spon - Camouflage – Foreign Image – Naomi Roche sor’s prizes and the awards to those that could make the event. It was nice to be able to do this in person, as it gave Vinnie’s dad Ruairi and his sister Catherine, a chance to present the prizes to the winners.We would like to thank all of the sponsors for their kind - ness, and also the people who entered the competition. ank you. We finished the session with Aine Purcell Milton, who is a diver with UCD and is also a Clean Coasts Officer in their Environmental Education Unit. Aine gave us a reminder of the dangers of plastic in the marine environment and left us with a message to make small changes in our plastic usage to safeguard our seas. Group photograph of attendees. Photo by Marco Salino . ◼

20 SubSea Summer 2018 Vincent O’Brien Awards

Richard Thorn. Photo by Marco Salino . Richard Thorn & Damien McGuirk. Photo by Marco Salino .

Ivan Donoghue & Joe Fitzgibbon. Photo by Marco Salino . Catherine O’Brien presents Maja Stankovski with her Waterworld prize. Photo by Marco Salino .

Andy Keegan (left) received his OceanAddicts voucher from Eddie Ruairi O’Brien presents Anchor dive lights prize to Aine Purcell Mil - Masterson. Photo by Marco Salino . ton. Photo by Marco Salino.

Aine Purcell Milton. Photo by Marco Salino. Catherine O’Brien presents Brendan Moran with his OThree bundle prize. Photo by Marco Salino.

SubSea Summer 2018 21 Silfra, Iceland - A dive between two Continents

by Ray Yeates

Ray Holding the planet apart. When you look at lists of best dives/bucket list dives one site in Iceland crops up among the usual suspects like the Galapagos, Raja Ampat etc. The Silfra Fissure is in Thingvellir National park – an UNESCO heritage site, about 60km from Reykjavik. The Silfra Fissure is actually a crack between two continental plates – The North American and the Eurasian continents, meaning that you dive right where the continental plates meet and drift apart at about 2cm per year, making it a totally unique dive and the only place in the world offering the opportu - nity to experience diving between tectonic plates.

This is an inland dive. The water in The Dive bring your thermals. We opted to Silfra is of glacial origins, so this bring our own drysuits and they gave means a near constant year-round The operator we used on the basis of a us a small discount. However it was of just above freezing - 2 recommendation of another Irish not our bodies that got particularly degrees Celsius. This glacial water is diver was Dive.is who are based in cold but our hands. Our experience crystal clear with visibility of over 100 Reykjavik. The company can provide was that after about half an hour we meters due to the water being filtered visitors with all the equipment needed had to surface to get some sense of over decades through underground including dry suits. We were shown feeling back into our fingers. We did lava rocks giving it an almost perfect around the and they have the trip in November and the air tem - visibility and chemical purity, in fact over 250 sets of equipment for rental perature was -10C. This was very sig - the water is drinkable. including drysuits. You do need to nificant as 2 dives are planned in the

22 SubSea Summer 2018 Silfra, Iceland

Entering the fissure. fissure but it is conditional on the ‘Big crack – where the two continents which is the widest section at about equipment not freezing between the can be touched, we swan on through 20 meters. Silfra Hall leads into a cave dives. The fissure is diveable all year to Silfra hall a short 30 meters swim, system with a maximum depth of 45 round so the summer months would be the optimal time to go to Iceland in any case. Our dive group consisted of three divers and a guide, who was profes - sional, knowledgeable and enthusias - tic. To get to the entry platform for the dive we had to walk over ground from the carpark for about 100 meters which had to be taken slowly as it was winter and the ground was a bit icy. This dive for us was unlike anything we had done before, it is said “that it’s probably best described as the closest experience to a space walk you are ever likely to get on earth ”. Due to the extreme clarity you can lose all sense of depth. At this temperature - 2 degrees, there is very little aquatic life. The fissure is 62M at its deepest but we took their word for that ! The dive brings you through four main areas of Silfra. Starting with the Ray, guide Ant and Aoife.

SubSea Summer 2018 23 Silfra, Iceland

Ray and Aoife in the Silfra Fissure. meters. Swim throughs underneath rocks and Boulders can be done here at different depths. From here it’s Silfra Fact File about a 200-meter swim to Silfra Cathedral. The ravine rises sharply to Iceland ere is a fair bit of hiking involved. a depth of barely 1 meter and we had You can dive all year round. e tour to almost crawl over the shallow Iceland is a 2-hour flight from Ire - duration is approximately 6 hours, in - rocks to enter the next stage. On the land. We booked a 5-day trip with cluding pick up and return to Reyk - other side a spectacular crack ap - Lastminute.com that included flights javik. is is in a National Park so peared, and this section has lava rock with Wow air and an apartment in there is a Park warden on site. You walls falling straight down on either Reykjavik. Nearly all visitors to Ice - must be certified diver, have a side of us - we had reached the land rent a car. Speed limits are low diving cert, and have logged a dry suit Cathedral, a visual demonstration of and on the spot fines are common. dive within two years of tour date. the earth’s incredible power to divide Iceland is a low crime and very ey accepted my Instructor status in two continents, friendly country. English universally verifying my buddy’s use of her dry - On our left was the American plate spoken. It’s a photographer’s paradise. suit. We dived with Dive.is and our right the European. The Do go during the summer months. www.dive.is. depth of the fissure is about 20 meters Remember to get your drysuit cert and about 100 meters long. From Diving (free of charge) from Head office be - there we entered the final section of e maximum depth of the dive is 18 fore you travel. the dive, Silfra lagoon a natural shal - meters, but the average depth of the low pool. This is the place where the dive is between 7 and 12 meters. e Currency visibility is most apparent and at the Silfra dive site only requires a shore far side of this lagoon is the exit plat - We used card payments for almost entry and has steps at entry and exit. form and from here it’s a hike back to everything, there is little need for It is a demanding dive physically. local currency. the parking area. ◼

24 SubSea Summer 2018 TThhee CCOOAASSTT GGUUAARRDD aanndd DDIIVVEERRSS

BByy DDoonn BBaallddwwiinn

Irish Coast Guard Sikorsky Search and Rescue helicopter approaching. Photo by Bernard Kaye

Dotted strategically around our coast like unwavering sentinels on steadfast watch out upon an uncertain sea, the Coast Guard has long been the last bastion of rescue for seafarers in desperate need. In purely logistical terms the Coast Guard can coordinate up to 2500 emergencies each year, in an area which spans a staggering 220 million acres. They will also assist 3500 people and save approximately 400 lives. In total the Coast Guard helicopters both divers and Coast Guard alike. 1. In the event that someone on land can fly up to 1000 missions, assist in Standard communications between wishes to contact you, the Coast 40 mountain rescues, evacuate 100 seafarers and the Coast Guard in Sea Guard then know your details. medical patients from our islands, and Area A1 (30 miles from coast) is of 2. Should you run into difficulties, the assist other nations Coast Guards over course done primarily through Vhf Coast Guard have an idea of your 200 times in any given year. While radio, and the first point of routine general location. Coast Guard volunteer units respond contact with the Coast Guard is to over a 1000 calls, with the RNLI usually a T.R. report; using proper 3. Another useful reason for logging and Community Rescue boats SRC procedure (Short Range this kind of information is in the assisting in 850 emergencies. All this Certificate). event of an emergency situation, as the Coast Guard maintain its the Coast Guard will then have a routine function of up to 6000 detailed inventory of all available broadcasts annually to shipping, T.R. Report craft in a given area. fishing and leisure craft. A T.R. Report should include the Given the extent of the Coast (Track Report or Traffic Routing) following: Guard’s on-going operations, having a e Irish Coast Guard stations accept clear understanding of how to and record passage details (T.R. - Your position. Reports) from leisure craft as a safety communicate and interact with the - Your destination (or intention). Coast Guard especially in emergency facility. e purpose of recording this situations, can only be beneficial to information is three - fold: - Type of boat or vessel.

SubSea Summer 2018 25 The Coast Guard and Divers

- Number of persons. assistance, it is most likely that the Dublin or Sligo helicopter will arrive. - E.T.A. (estimated time of arrival) at To summon assistance simply contact your destination, or E.T.R. the Belfast Coastguard (spelt as one (estimated time of return) if it is a word in the U.K.) on Vhf channel 16, round trip. who will task an aircraft from MRCC e Coast Guard may then ask you to (Marine Rescue Coordination Centre) give your latitude and longitude when Dublin. Communications is then you arrive at your dive site, for established on Vhf with the helicopter, clarification. and their call sign will either be Remember, you must ‘sign off’ ‘Rescue’ followed by a 3 figure call sign, communications with the Coast Guard or ‘Coastguard Rescue’ followed by a 2 before closing down. e Coast Guard letter Call Sign, depending on the area do not initiate rescue proceedings of operations. because of an overdue T.R. Report, however, the information will still be 280 km/h, top speed 306 km/h, with a available should somebody raise the range of 999 km. It should be noted alarm ashore. that the winch cable is 88.4 m, and Calling out the Coast Guard obstacles such as cliffs, caves, or If a boat or diver is in difficulty call masts, could make winching for help sooner rather than later, the impossible. e maximum weight Coast Guard would much prefer to Medical Link Calls allowed on the cable is 600lbs/272kg, recall their helicopter or rescue boat, Another very useful communications so divers should be de-kitted of all than have to deal with an ever link which the Coast Guard provides is weights prior to a double lift. e increasing theatre of operations in a ‘medical link call’, a 24/7 Radio Sikorsky carries four crew. e Pilot is fading daylight. A stalled Medical Advice Service whereby always seated front right, he is the will drift rapidly on wind and tide, as vessels making calls on either Vhf or aircraft Commander and his or her will a missing diver. In deteriorating telephone, requiring medical advice or primary duty is to fly the helicopter. weather with approaching nightfall, assistance are provided with a e Co-Pilot is seated front left and no time should be lost in contacting radio/telephone link to Medico Cork in will normally deal with radio the Coast Guard using appropriate Cork University Hospital. If medical communications when the 2 crew in Vhf procedure. Your position should advice requires that the casualty be the back are busy. In the rear cabin the be expressed in latitude and longitude, transported from a vessel to hospital, Winch Operator supervises winch and as a bearing and distance ‘from’ a then a Coast Guard helicopter can operations and Vhf communications, well recognised feature, keeping in immediately be dispatched. while the Winchman is the guy with mind that the flight path of the nerves of steel who gets to dangle helicopter will normally be from land from the cable, he also operates the towards your location. For example; The Coast Guard Helicopter FLIR. “Our position is, zero nine zero e Irish Coast Guard has contracted All Coast Guard Helicopters are fitted degrees from Haulbowline 5 medium-lift Sikorsky Search and with (FLIR), forward - looking infrared Lighthouse, two point five miles, Rescue helicopters deployed at bases in radar, which can detect the heat Over”. Another advantage of giving Dublin, Waterford, Shannon and Sligo, signature of a person in the water. your position in relation to a well with call-signs ranging from ‘Rescue Divers should remove their hoods at the known land mark is that it is instantly 115’, to 118, while the fifth operates in approach of a helicopter, so as to recognisable to anybody nearby, even a reserve capacity. e helicopters are increase their thermal signature. It is if they do not have a chart readily designated wheels up from initial highly unlikely that the Coast Guard available to plot your position. You notification in 15 minutes during will take a recovered diver out of Irish can further direct the helicopter to daylight hours and 45 minutes at night. waters, normally delivering the victim your precise location by using the ‘o ese aircraft respond to emergencies to an Irish national medical centre such clock’ system, whereby the nose of the at sea, inland waterways, offshore as Galway University Hospital. is may helicopter is 12 o’clock and the tail is islands and mountains throughout the be an important factor for ‘Extended 6. For example, if the helicopter is island of Ireland (32 Counties). All Range’ or ‘Technical Divers’ who may passing in front of you at right angles Coast Guard helicopters are the twin- need more aggressive treatment in a flying from right to left then you engine Sikorsky S-92 aircraft. Each of U.K. Hyperbaric Centre, such divers could advise the aircraft by saying Ireland’s four Coast Guard helicopter should have suitable alternative “Rescue 117, I am in your 9 o’clock or bases has a staff of 27; nine pilots, nine transportation, finance, and insurance port, range 5 miles, and if it then winch crew, and nine engineers, in place to cover this type of diving. turns towards you, “I am in your 12 working on a 24 hour on, 24 hour off If you are diving in the waters off o’clock range 3 miles”. When it arrives basis. e helicopters cruising speed is Northern Ireland and require at your location you can then advise

26 SubSea Summer 2018 The Coast Guard and Divers

Winch mechanism located above the door. Photo by Bernard Kaye

“On top”. Remember that aviation ditching. Coxswains should take note instructions as regards speed and communication tends to be rapid, that in the unlikely event of the course, normally into the wind. brief and concise with frequent use of helicopter needing to ditch it will - Winching normally takes place from abbreviations, made all the more always attempt to do so to port, the rear of the boat, so ensure that difficult by a noisy environment. So likewise coxswains should avoid going this area is clear. don’t be reluctant to request them to astern where the down-draught is most “say again”, or “speak slower”, and bear intense. In the event of the “Break off!” - If the ‘Hi-Line’ technique is to be in mind that the helicopter will also command being given, break off to used collect the loose line into a be in contact with Air Traffic Control starboard. bucket, and do not secure this line. and the MRCC, so keep your - When being prepared for winching, communications brief, and do not - e Sikorski can create a 70 knot follow the Winchman’s instructions, contact the helicopter during down-draught so eye protection he’s the expert. Normally the winching operations unless you have a should be worn on deck. Winchman will use a double strop critical piece of information. Always - Do not touch the Winchman, winch lift, if a stretcher is not required. A bear in mind when communicating wire or weight unless indicated by strop being placed about the divers with the Coast Guard that they are the Winchman, as they must be back and secured in the front with a the professionals, so follow their ‘earthed’ first to discharge the built toggle, on no account should you let instruction and heed their advice. up static electricity, and do not tie go of the toggle or raise your arms off any lines passed. during the lift. At the helicopter - Make sure your boat is in open your back will be turned towards Winching water clear of cliffs or obstructions, the door, where you will then be Secure all aerials and lower any if and if possible securely anchored if pulled backwards into the possible. Make sure that there is no without power. helicopter. Do not try to assist loose equipment or clothing which during this phase, and do not let go could be sucked up into the engines’ - If under power, keep the boat as of the toggle until instructed to do intakes and result in the aircraft steady as possible and follow so.

SubSea Summer 2018 27 The Coast Guard and Divers

Coast Guard helicopter flying past gorse fire during Bray airshow. Photo by Bernard Kaye

- e diver’s dive computer should e surface should be firm ground as option, and you may simply end up accompany him to the helicopter the helicopter weighs 7,030 kg. expending vital stores of air, energy along with any relevant information, and heat. Besides, the Coast Guard and in some instances the dive Slope . e HLS should also be as level Search and Rescue Mission buddy is also required to travel. e as possible, as sloping ground will controllers can combine advanced injured diver’s equipment should be seriously reduce head height, even on computer software, weather and tidal sealed and secured for any further level ground it needs to be conditions, along with local possible investigation. remembered that the rotor blades (17 knowledge to determine a fairly m wingspan) can drop below head accurate analysis of your location. height, ‘so stoop well when EVERY diver should carry an SMB, a approaching the aircraft!’ strobe light, a torch, even something HLS (Helicopter Landing Site) Position of the HLS can be given in Of course not all “Helicopter as simple as a ‘hi-viz.vest’ stored in latitude and longitude or as a grid the pocket of their BC could prove an Medevacs” will take place at sea, reference. For example, “Grid Reference, circumstances may require a land invaluable flag in attracting a Discovery Series, scale 50,000, Sheet searching helicopter; while a PLB based extraction instead. While in the seventy four, ‘M’ike, eight five zero, two normal course of events the selection (personal locater beacon) would three seven, Over”. M 850 237. quickly give an accurate position of a and management of a HLS would One person can stand with their ordinarily be undertaken by suitably missing diver. It should also be noted back to the wind, with their arms that well over half of all people who trained personnel, divers could well raised as in the shape of a ‘Y’ for yes, find themselves having to improvise a required assistance in Irish waters in in front of the HLS as an indication to 2016 were not wearing life jackets, a HLS in an emergency situation, and the helicopter to land in front of me. should know the basics. sobering statistic worth bearing in The rest of the unit remain up wind of mind by all seafarers! e 4 S’s to remember. the HLS in the ‘LZ’ (landing zone) In conclusion, I would like to thank which is the area between the Pilots 1 Mr. Chris Reynolds, Director of the Size . e size should be 60 by 60 and 3 o’clock, and then only approach Irish Coast Guard, and Mr. Derek paces, any smaller and the helicopter the aircraft when instructed to do so. Flanagan, Divisional Controller, Malin should be informed before it arrives, Never approach the helicopter from Head Coast Guard, for their assistance and they will make the final decision. the rear. See the Coast Guards’ on this article. I would also like to take excellent DVD ‘Working with this opportunity to thank all the Surrounds . ere should be no trees Helicopters’ for more information, personnel of the Irish Coast Guard or overhead cables, and the site should copies available from CFT HQ for who man the watch, and patrol the be well away from buildings. ere training purposes. seas, so that we might safely ride the should also be a clear entry and exit to waves. and from the HLS. ◼

Surface . e HLS should be walked Missing Diver Finally, if you find yourself adrift at Don Baldwin 0870632169 and checked for any old tree stumps, Dundalk SAC or F.O.D. (foreign object debris) which sea, don’t fin. Attempting a swim to Approved SRC Course Provider could be sucked up into the engine. shore could prove to be a dangerous

28 SubSea Summer 2018 RNLI Diver Sea Survival course

Do you want to improve your chances of survival at sea in an emergency? This workshop has been developed by the RNLI in association with the British Group to improve diver safety at sea. e workshop aims to refresh existing safety and rescue skills as well as introducing techniques for improving surface location and survival skills in an emergency.

RNLI Diver Sea Survival course covers: • dive planning • dive preparation • navigation and safety equipment on dive boats • diving in low-visibility conditions • how to deal with out-of-air emergencies • use of surface marker buoys (SMBs)

SubSea Summer 2018 29 RNLI Diver Sea Survival Course

• ways of calling for help, personal is intended to be run and managed shared between candidates. locator beacons etc. ‘in-house’, in which case any costs is course can be run in coordi - • how to deal with an emergency must be borne by the club and its nation with a local RNLI lifeboat sta - on the surface. members. It may also be run tion. e Howth and Dun Laoghaire e course is open to all divers of regionally, by RDOs or interested lifeboats have been involved in re - clubs where the expenses can be cent workshops with local clubs. Diver 1* and above. e workshop ◼

Curragh Sub Aqua Club The Curragh Sub Aqua Club is celebrating its 60th anniversary this year. An anniversary dinner is being held on the 22nd of September 2018 at the Hilton Hotel, Charlemont Place, Dublin

For more information and to purchase a ticket for the dinner please email [email protected]

30 SubSea Summer 2018 Ireland’s Islands Trip – 2017 By Marco Salino

View from Gola. Photo by and © Marco Salino.

On Friday June 16 th , a crew of four brave I had the chance to be part of this Day 1: e first day saw us diving Arran, divers from the Curragh Subaqua Club, year’s crew and I did not hesitate before Torneady Point, not far from Burton - in Dublin, left Bunbeg, in Donegal, for a accepting the offer. Each diver came with port, and the Stags of Owey. Turneady two-week adventure around the coasts 4 cylinders, for 2-days diving autonomy Point (e Cathedral), was full of life, of Donegal. when it wasn’t possible to come back to with a great number of nudibranchs, is was the fourth leg of much land to use the portable compressor. wrasse, pollock and some seals watching broader plan, started three years ago in After spending a night in Bunbeg, we us from a safe distance. Connemara, brainchild of Steve Mulhall started our adventure launching and e Stags of Owey was a magnificent and Jean Kelleher, two of the most expe - loading the boat for the first three nights dive, with superb topology, loads of life rienced divers I know: circumnavigate of camping. We needed to carry all the on every wall of the rocks, going below Ireland diving unexplored sites and land - camping gear and enough supplies for the surface to 40m and great schools of ing on as many islands as possible, even lunches, while we relied on our fishing fish. We liked this site so much that we better if uninhabited and wild. skills to bring back some fish for dinner. decided to dive it again the following

Arran, Turneady Point. Photo by and © Marco Salino. Stags of Owey. Photo by and © Marco Salino.

SubSea Summer 2018 31 Ireland’s Islands Trip

for our morning dive, where we found good visibility, spider crabs and lots of fish life. e sea conditions were slightly chal - lenging for the journey to Tory, with a 2m swell and a 4 wind running against it, but Steve’s expert coxswain skills got us to our destination safely and quicker than expected…if not a bit wet. Of course we could not land before div - ing again, which brought us exploring the west side of the island, a site that is very rarely diveable, due to being com - pletely exposed to all westerly winds. e combination of great diving, with endless gullies, walls, huge fish shoals and favorable weather conditions made Landing on Umfin Island. Photo by and © Marco Salino. us decide there and then to go back to the same area the following day. We spent the night in Tory’s Harbour View Hotel where we enjoyed, for a change, the comfort of a proper bed, were relieved from coooking and bottle filling (the hotel is equipped with a very good compressor) duties and could chill with a few drinks.

Day 5: After an excellent breakfast in the Harbour View Hotel, we headed for the pier, where we were met by local fishermen looking for some help: they had lost a line with 24 lobster pots near the site we planned to dive, which had been unaccessible for weeks due to the previous weather condiitons. Jean and Steve managed to succesully locate and Happy Jean and Steve. Photo by and © Marco Salino. buoy the lost line, allowing the fisher - men to recover the lost lobster pots. day. It is not a site you can dive too often tions and lots of life around us. We then all dived e Wasp, a 1884 being so exposed to all winds. wreck now pretty much part of Tory Is - e first night of camping was on Day 3: On the third day we had a hard lands West , where Colin and I also Owey, where we found a nice sheltered start: the hydraulic hose of the steering recovered another stuck pot for the site for setting camp and for cooking our had burst. After some brain storming same lucky fishermen. catch of the day. e start of our trip we started working on it and we man - When we came back to the harbour couldn’t have gone any better: great div - aged to fix it within a couple of hours, we were rewarded with nine lobsters, ing, a good camp easily set up and good making the best use of whatever tools which we expertly barbecued after food…and maybe one drink. were available. We then set off to dive coming back to mainland in around Gola and Inisheerer, where we Portnablagh, the very same evening. Day 2: e second day the Stags did not found a fantastic gully, with walls cov - let us down, as we continued our under - ered in life. Between dives we landed Day 6: After quickly refueling and water exploration where we left off the on a small sandy cove in Umfin island, loading the boat, we set off to dive day before, surrounded by fish and dra - where we had lunch and did a bit of ex - Limeburner Rock, where we had a matic scenery. After the second dive two ploration while off-gassing before our good dive but found quite strong cur - of us started setting up camp and second dive. rents, having been spoiled by the previ - preparing food for our tired bodies while ous faboulos diving in Tory Island. e the other two headed for mainland to fill Day 4: After spending our last night on second dive was Frenchman Rock. We our cylinders. We dived around Gola in Gola, in the morning, we headed for all loved this site: despite some remark - the afternoon, with good weather condi - Tory Island, stopping by bloody Foreland able currents, we all had great dives Our Happy Crew on Umfin island. Photo by and © Marco Salino. with loads of life and fantastic walls and

32 SubSea Summer 2018 Ireland’s Islands Trip

Happy Me. Photo by and © Marco Salino. Our camp on Gola. Photo by and © Marco Salino. gullies. Jean and Steve also managed to Portsalon. Of course we stopped for Day 9 - e SS Laurentic. is was see some of the remaining wreckage our second dive on the way: Jean and one of the days we had all been most before turning right into a small under - Steve dived Fanard Head, while Colin looking forward to. e SS Laurentic is water cove, which led to a canyon shel - and I dived Stookmore, which was ap - a 100-year-old wreck, resting between tered from the current. Definitely one parently nicer and where we found a 36 and 40m, about a mile out of Lough of our favourite dives of the trip. huge family of hermit crabs to spend Swilly, in Donegal. Because of its posi - time with. tion, it’s not a wreck that can be dived Day 7: After a wet camping night on too often and we were quite lucky to be Hoorisky Island, we headed off to Mel - Day 8: On day 8 we rested. We took a able to dive it. A fair swell made de - more Head for our first dive, which did day off diving as we needed to replen - ploying and retrieving our shot line just not disappoint, having good vis and ish our supplies and stage our cars that little bit more interesting. ere is lots of fish life but didn’t match the around for the remaining days of the plenty of information on the story of standard set by the Stags of Owey, Tory trip. Dave had also joined us on the the SS Laurentic so I will briefly men - Island and Frenchman’s Rock. Before previous evening, bringing some re - tion that it sank on the 25 th of January our second dive we got back to our quired bit and pieces and some fresh 1917, after having struck two mines de - camp to pack all our gear and head for energy to the crew. ployed by the U-Boat U80. e wreck

Hermits in Stookmore. Photo by and © Marco Salino. Frenchman's Rock. Photo by and © Marco Salino.

SubSea Summer 2018 33 Ireland’s Islands Trip

Over the years most of this gold has been recovered but, officially, 22 bars still remain unclaimed. All four of us had a great dive, with excellent vis, co - pious fish life and overall good condi - tions. Did we find any gold? I will leave that question unanswered…but I won’t deny we kept our eyes well open… e day ended by setting up camp in around Malin Head, where we had picked two sites for the following – and my last – day of diving.

Day 10: Day ten was a very good day, with excellent diving and that also saw me completing my Advanced Nitrox course. After taking down our camp and loading everything on the boat we left Portronan for our first dive in Bresty Rocks, which was covered in nudi - The SS Laurentic. Photo by and © Marco Salino. branchs and showed fantastic colours. e second dive was Hells Hole for Steve, Dave and Colin, a great gully ending under a fabulous arch under Malin lookout. Jean and I dived Scart Rocks, which we renamed “e Maze”: an incredible network of gullies that lay at 25m and that make it very hard to see the same spot twice during any one dive. What makes the dive even more incredible is that these gullies seem to gravitate around a very large rock whose shape looked like a hand. Defi - nitely one of the best dives we had so far and one of the best possible ways to end my trip.

Conclusion. To conclude this post, I am very thankful for and feel privileged for being part of this diving trip. It was physically demanding as we never hit bed before late night after staging cars around for the following days, setting Last day of my trip. Photo by and © Marco Salino. up camp, preparing food or filling cylinders but the places we visited and the diving was so good that none of us really paid too much attention to tired - ness and fatigue. As you can imagine the Irish weather has the potential to make such a trip even more challenging and we could not have enjoyed our journey so much without proper kit and – most impor - tantly - our O’ree suits and base lay - O’Three drysuits used by the team. ers, which kept us comfortable and warm for 10 days, most of which we has just turned 100 years old, which to several salvage operations during the spent on a boat in the Atlantic Ocean, means it now requires a license for div - years, aimed at recovering the hidden exposed to whatever weather we could ing it. e SS Lauretic has been subject cargo of 43 tons of gold she sank with. have faced. ◼

34 SubSea Summer 2018 Dublin M1 course or a story about…. By Maja Stankovski

How I never thought about becoming a attended the introduction brief where dates and in such a small group you and ended up abso - we found out what the course entails quickly get to know everyone well, par - lutely loving the experience. is is a and exactly what’s expected. ere ticularly their strengths and personality. very personal story about how I never were 2 days for exams, one theory We discovered very quickly we enjoyed even thought about becoming an in - paper in January and the final exam in working together as a group and seeing structor and why I believe it’s a very re - April. All in all much shorter than lead - our weekly progress, we all came up warding experience. ing diver, but more intense couple of with various ideas of how we can either My story about becoming an instruc - months were ahead of us and the dates improve or do things more effectively. tor started at my leading diver weekend weren’t going to interfere with the div - We struggled with new teaching meth - where I met an absolutely lovely bunch ing season. Perfect. So my studying for ods and introducing activities in a con - of guys and instantly we became a team the theory paper began, there was just structive and timely way at first, but of leading diver candidates working to - a small problem, I was going for away once we saw the benefit of it, it became gether. e teamwork made the week - for a 3 week holiday so that had to wait a challenge how to do the most repre - end busy, but actually fun instead of till I was back. Coming back from holi - sentative activity for the type of lesson stressful, so my memories of the lead - days, all focused on the studying, a cer - we were teaching. Alveoli became a ing diver weekend, ignoring the atro - tain aussie flu interfered with studies so broccoli, grapes and even Lindt choco - cious weather conditions of course, are at the end, most of the studying for the late truffles, all of which was happily extremely positive. theory paper happened over Christmas eaten after the lesson was over, well So at the leading diver weekend one and New year celebrations which re - that is everything accept the broccoli of of the guys convinced (you know who ceived very mixed reactions from my course. you are J) that it makes absolutely logi - friends and family. So the day of the All the comments that instructors cal sense to do an instructor course, theory exam came and I felt ill pre - provided were extremely positive (even M1, that I’d be good at it. So of course I pared for it, but very motivated to get it if criticism was involved) and that gave allowed myself to be convinced by logic done and over with and to my surprise us additional motivation that we and my new buddy even promised that I quickly realised not only that I do needed to complete the necessary he’ll do the M1 course in Dublin. I’m know more than I thought, but that lessons and pool work despite plenty of sure he absolutely regretted the com - physics is actually my strongest subject. late nights. After you’ve done 8 – 9 mute across country later, but never - Celebrations quickly over, the follow - hours of stressful work and you’ve theless we both enrolled into M1 ing week, we went straight into a driven in Dublin traffic straight into the course in Dublin in autumn. weekly routine of classroom sessions pool or into a classroom to teach – that So in mid-November we a lot of us and pool work. e group was 8 candi - was really appreciated.

SubSea Summer 2018 35 Dublin M1 Course

The day of the exam came very our dry suits. After a group hug, the ex - and celebrate. A few weeks have passed quickly and on the morning of the final ercises kicked off what was probably after our final examination and what sur - exam, we all met early for coffee and or - around 1.5 hours, felt like it was com - prised me the most, I miss it. e group, ganized all the gear for the pool and pleted in less than 15 minutes from brief instructors, learning new teaching tech - classroom. e camaraderie and moti - till final results where we found out that niques even the late evenings but besides vation to succeed was clearly visible up all of us have passed which and we all felt the great course, I feel I’ve gained a lot of to the point if nerves were about to kick immensely proud and relieved at the new diving buddies and instructors that I in, another person would calm down the same time. Now it was really time relax can rely on in the future. ◼ nervous one. After meeting the instructors, it was time to deliver the lectures which could have gone a bit smoother; there were Dive with OceanAddicts some issues with the projectors in the lecture rooms and con - nectors and that didn’t help the nerves starting to kick in. But once we got into our strides, the lectures were delivered smoothly enough and we went straight into the pool to do pool lessons which was actually fun to do and even the mandatory incident went well. www.ocea naddicts .i e en it was straight into the Oceanaddicts is an IDEST Accredite d Test Centr e sea to do the open water dive as - committe d to Top Quality Custo mer Se rvice. grah am@ocea naddicts .i e anne@ocea naddicts .i e sessment. e early stages of fa - We can arrange to collect & deliver your cylinders, G tigue were starting to kick in, so providing a tr ansparent service in our modern rah am 0 87-27 44992 workshop Ann e 087-79 03211 after a quick bite to eat, we got VI P’ s Hydros Valve Se rvice O2 Cleaning our gear ready and jumped into www.faceb ook.c om /o cea naddicts

36 SubSea Summer 2018 Spurred on by a great talk REBREATHER through what to expect and we had attended by Yvonne entered the water, adjusted Lynch at the Annual Dive By Steve Mulhall our weights, practiced Show in Limerick, I finally breathing the loop and then decided it was time to dip my off for a shallow dive in the toe into the intricacies of beautiful setting that is Coral . Luckily, it being proceeded to go through the setting Beach. The breathing was strange at the Dive Show, with all the key people up of the rebreather. It was first, but the silence was really nice, as attending it was very easy to have a fascinating to see how it all fit was the warm air. The was word with the guru of Irish Rebreather together, from the scrubber to the tricky but following Barry’s Training, Barry McGill. We arranged counter lungs and all the bits, he instructions it was really manageable. a meeting when three of our club’s explained everything really thoroughly I had expected it to be much more members could do the try-a-dive at and made it seem very logical and stressful and complicated but it was a our Easter Dive weekend in simple! really enjoyable experience. Definitely Carraroe. Barry arrived to Coral Next we got kitted up and headed have the taste now to follow up with a Beach with his JJR Rebreather and for the beach. Very carefully we went proper course. ◼

SubSea Summer 2018 37 South East Dive It’s that time of year again, so pack up the gear, find a buddy and head to the beautiful sunny south east!!! The South East Dive Rally will take place on the 20 th , 21 st and 23rd of July 2018. The Hook Sub Aqua club are already looking forward to welcoming divers from all over the country to take part in the annual rally, this its 6 th year! The members are hard at work planning BBQs, table quizzes, photography competitions, raffle prizes, and most importantly, diving!

Hook Head lighthouse. Photo by Bernard Kaye.

It’s that time of year again, so pack up the there is a deep crack into the rock that is wreck of the Schlesin. Much of the wreck gear, find a buddy and head to the beauti - home to several Lobsters and Blennys. As is destroyed but its winch system remains ful sunny south east!!! e South East you continue south away from the Light along with part of the hull and the im - Dive Rally will take place on the 20 th , 21 st House the gully opens up into a stony pressive propeller. Leaving the cove, and and 23rd of July 2018. e Hook Sub bottom littered with Spider Crabs and for following the sandy bottom there is a se - Aqua club are already looking forward to those of you with eagle eyes, Flat Fish. ries of gullies filled with Wrasse and welcoming divers from all over the coun - Further on there is a sandy bottom, an Jewel Anemones. ese gullies lead to a try to take part in the annual rally, this its excellent place to search for Sand Eels es - very large swim through cave with blow 6th year! e members are hard at work pecially at night. Tower Hole is also a holes in the roof. is is the most spec - planning BBQs, table quizzes, photogra - good place to spot an Octopus or two al - tacular part of the dive, with the light phy competitions, raffle prizes, and most though usually on a night dive. shining through the roof of the cave onto importantly, diving! e Bathtub or Anchor Cave is the sec - the stony bottom. Following on through e focal point for this event is Slade, ond shore dive in the shadow of the light the gullies you finally come to a smaller the main harbour on the Hook peninsula. house. is dive is particularly special as cave with plenty of life hidden between For those of you who are not familiar the entry point is only accessible at high the rocks. Churchtown is a beautiful dive with this area, the Hook offers a selection tide in calm conditions. e entry point and well worth the trek! of dive sites from shore dives to wrecks is a blow hole (Bath tub) that opens out Dives will range from wreck dives such and drift dives of various depths. Over onto the far side of the rocks in front of as the Girl Arleen, Harrys Wreck and e the rally weekend, we will endeavour to the light house. e colour and life on Lismore to scenic dives on the breath- facilitate divers of all grades. is year this side of the rocks is truly breath tak - taking Big and Western Rocks and fantas - promises to big the biggest and best yet ing but the highlight of this dive is the tic shore dives at the Tower Hole, e with over 200 dives expected! large anchor that sits at the mouth if a Bathtub and Churchtown. gully. If you pass over this and head up the gully there is a large cave, though it · Dive schedules to be announced. Diving can get very cramped near the end. If you (several per day over the weekend) are very lucky you might even meet the · e dives will include wreck dives, e diving day will begin for early birds resident seal! scenic dives and drift dives. Depths will on Friday 20th and continue throughout Away from the light house back up the range from 20m to 40m depending on the weekend. road towards Slade Harbour there is an dive site. ere will also be snorkels Tower Hole is a fantastic 10m dive nes - absolute hidden gem of a shore dive. and shore dives throughout the day, tled just underneath the light house. Churchtown not only has its own wreck although these will depend on water Once you enter the water, a gully takes and caves but the most magnificent blow - and weather conditions along the you right along the base of the rocks hole swim-through in the South East. In coast. under the lighthouse. On your way you order to get to this magical spot, it re - will find a small swim through that is al - quires a little bit of cross country walking · We would like to encourage as may ways teeming with Squat Lobsters, Har - but it is all worth it. Under the calm wa - clubs as possible bring boats. e bour Crabs and Shrimp. Further along ters of the cove at Churchtown lies the Hook tractor can launch and recover

38 SubSea Summer 2018 Rally

your boat at no matter what the tide ere will also be a facility to register on (Slade Harbour is tidal, so at times it is COMS so watch this space! Fun for all completely dry). ere is loads of room On Saturday night get your dancing at our club house to park your boat for NOTE: Only active divers can participate shoes and thinking caps on as the South the weekend. in dives and log books must be presented. East Dive Rally quiz is returning to Tem - plers Inn. e table quiz is open to all If your club is not bringing a boat, we · divers and non-divers! will do our best to facilitate you on another clubs boat. Photo Competition For non divers there is plenty of enter - · A dive on an organising clubs boat is We would especially like to invite all pho - tainment. e is the 10euro. tographers to the participate in the South oldest working lighthouse in Europe and East Dive Rallys Photo Competition. has tours daily and a coffee shop. · e Hook Club have a built in compressor and can fill bottles in · ere are several catagories, even one (the house that reportedly about 5mins. Air fills cost 5euro. for above water (more details to had the devil playing cards!!) has a spooky We encourage divers from all grades to follow). ghost tour for all ages running regularly. attend the rally but we would strongly ad - · All photos have to be taken during the We would like to extend an invitation to vise that trainee (1*) divers be accompa - weekend. you and your club to join us for this div - nied by a club diver of higher ing extravaganza! qualification as we cannot guarantee them suitably qualified dive buddies for Do please join us and make it an event to the weekend. Accommodation remember. ere is loads of accommodation in the Hook area. is includes self catering If you have any questions please let me houses and B&Bs. For a full list of accom - know. Registration modation contact Liz- 087 1743488 Registration will take place all weekend at www.hooktourism.com the Hook Sub Aqua Clubs club house, Noel – 086 158 4423 just around the corner from Slade Har - If people are interested in camping they Martin -087 9292706 bour. Registration is 10 euro. is will are welcome to camp at the clubhouse for cover the use of the clubs facilities for the FREE, there is loads of room! e Hook Find us on Facebook & Instagram weekend. All rally participant are wel - club house has a kitchen, changing come to use the changing rooms (with rooms, areas to wash boats and gear and [email protected] hot showers!), kitchen and gear washing best of all hot showers!!!! facilities over the weekend. e fee will [email protected] also cover fuel for the tractor to launch boats.

SubSea Summer 2018 39 South East Dive Rally

and caves but the most magnificent blowhole swim-through in the South East. In order to get to this magical spot, it requires a little bit of cross country walking but it is all worth it. Under the The Hook Peninsula calm waters of the cove at Churchtown lies the wreck of the Schlesin. Much of the wreck is destroyed but its winch system remains along with part of the hull and the impressive propeller. Leaving the cove, and following the sandy bottom there is a series of gullies filled with Wrasse and Jewel Anemones. ese gullies lead to a very large swim through cave with blow holes in the roof. is is the most spectacular part of the dive, with the light shining through the roof of the cave onto the stony bottom. Following on through the gullies you finally come to a smaller cave with plenty of life hidden between the rocks. Churchtown is a beautiful dive and well worth the trek! Leaving the Hook shore line through Slade Harbour the sea opens up to an endless supply of dive sites. We will just highlight a few of the most notable ones around the Hook Peninsula. Two of the most famous dive sites in the areas are e Girl Arlene and e Lismore. Both are impressive wreck dives. e Girl Arleen is the wreck of a fishing trawler. It sits 27m below the surface. It lies due east of Baggabaun head and is 4 miles from Slade harbour or 10 miles from Kilmore Quay. e trawler went down in 1995 after the collision with another boat in the fog. e wreck is mostly broken up and quite flattened. ere is a wide variety of sea life visible. Lobsters and Conger Eels are regular seen within her wreckage while thick shoals of Cod circle the area. e second most popular wreck in the lighthouse. Photo by Bernard Kaye. area is e Lismore. is outstanding wreck lies in 35m(LW) / 38m(HW) of e Hook Peninsula, located in south for Sand Eels especially at night. Tower water. It is approximately six nautical is home to one of the Hole is also a good place to spot an miles south-west of Kilmore Quay (half words most famous and long established Octopus or two although usually on a way between Kilmore Quay and Hook light houses. e light house watches over night dive. Head in fact). e wreck is well broken up two of the most beautiful shore dives in e Bathtub or Anchor Cave is the but it never fails to impress and it’s always the south east: Tower Hole and e second shore dive in the shadow of the a really great dive. Bathtub (Anchor Cave) light house. is dive is particularly special To get to the stern you should see the Tower Hole, or Rays Hole as it became as the entry point is only accessible at high drive shaft extending along the bottom known after Ray D’arcy had his ‘Try A tide in calm conditions. e entry point is a leading to the props beneath the stern. If Dive’ there, is a fantastic 10m dive. Once blow hole (Bath tub) that opens out onto you’re planning on doing the bow and you you enter the water, a gully takes you right the far side of the rocks in front of the light see a long cylindrical pipe, turn back, along the base of the rocks under the house. e colour and life on this side of you’re heading towards the stern! Along lighthouse. On your way you will find a the rocks is truly breath taking but the the way you may spot bollards and metal small swim through that is always teeming highlight of this dive is the large anchor plates until the impressive stern rises tall with Squat Lobsters, Harbour Crabs and that sits at the mouth if a gully. If you pass out of the sand. e stern section is Shrimp. Further along there is a deep over this and head up the gully there is a stuffed full of fish life, Congers Eels, Bib, crack into the rock that is home to several large cave, though it can get very cramped Whiting and Pollack. Lobsters and Blennys. As you continue near the end. If you are very lucky you Heading off towards the bow there is south away from the Light House the gully might even meet the resident seal! extensive wreckage scattered around with opens up into a stony bottom littered with Away from the light house back up the a few pieces making swim-throughs for Spider Crabs and for those of you with road towards Slade Harbour there is an those that dare. e bow section forms a eagle eyes, Flat Fish. Further on there is a absolute hidden gem of a shore dive. small enclosed room that teems with fish sandy bottom, an excellent place to search Churchtown not only has its own wreck life including Wrasse, Pollack, Bib and

40 SubSea Summer 2018 South East Dive Rally

Ling. It is possible to do numerous swim- throughs at this point. e wreck is also Fethard on Sea covered in Lobsters, Crabs and many Conger Eels of all sizes, from very small to enormous. ere is a huge boiler sitting on the seabed as well with lots of holes of Slip SLADE BAY varying sizes. ese were filled with life. Slade Two of the most impressive scenic dives Harbour around the Hook are the Big Rock and DOONOGE POINT Western Rock. e Big Rock is a rock N Blowhol es pinnacle 4 miles from Slade or 7 miles Black from Fethard Harbour, south-east of Hook Chan Head. During the summer it is always a W E good spot for Dolphins! e rock does not Lighthouse break the surface and is in approximately 15m and the surrounding seabed is 30 to 35m. e steepest wall seems to be on the South East side of the rock although any Car Park side of the rock can be dived. is site is absolutely teeming with fish life with Hook Head shoals of Pollock, Coalfish, Mackerel and Whiting in season. At the bottom of the impressive rock formations also allow currents may be encountered at all depths, wall there are large boulders and gullies great shallow dives. e remains of a including up and down currents, making with lots of Wrasse, Conger Eels, Dogfish lighthouse may be seen around the bottom decompression a tricky business, and to be and a John Dory was even spotted! as well as parts of an unknown wreck. A avoided if possible. Slack is a must. Western Rock is no less impressive. is good place to drop divers is on the rock is deeper then Big Rock with just a landward side of the rock. We dropped Connigmore is the larger of the 2 Coning much sea life. It even has an elusive pink divers landward and seaward and they all rocks. It can be seen as it lies above water. sea fan and a few rather large Crayfish. reported a superb dive. e rocks are e area is full of seals, which can be Further east from Slade Harbour lies the covered with all sorts of coloured observed underwater close to the rock. spectacular Saltee Islands. ese two Anemones. Large Wrasse of all types e general depth is around 20-30m with islands have beautiful dive sites and nearly curiously stare at you as you descend into good fish life and rock formations. is is as much wild life above the water as the depths, swimming amongst Ling, a slack water dive. Divers report it is a nice below. e islands are home to thousands Pollack and Bib. Lobsters, Spider Crabs dive but a bit on the boring side. of sea birds and seals. One of the most and Congers Eels all await you at the impressive shallow dives is the wreck of bottom, happily moving about in the light ese are only a few of the dive sites in the e Lennox. It was a steamer and lies at as if they don’t have a care in the world. area, there are of course many more such 10-18m at the back of the Great Saltee. e rock is covered with large gullies as Harry’s Wreck, e Mine Sweeper and e wreck sits parallel to the Collough through which the currents will gently pull e Idaho. We hope that this encourages Rocks with its bow pointing out to sea. you along. is has got to rate amongst you to come and explore some of the e bows broken but small bits still stand. the most beautiful Irish scenic dives. amazing dive sites around the Hook peninsula. e wreck is well broken up and is mostly However, it must be noted that strange ◼ covered in kelp making divers wonder if they have actually found it. However, closer examination soon reveals that the wreck is scattered everywhere. is site is suitable for novice divers and is well dived by local club for training and pleasure. e S.S. Lennox was sunk when she was chased by a submarine onto the rocks at the Great Saltee. Built in 1895 by Barclay Curle & Co. Glasgow, she grossed 3,677 tons and measured 107.44 x 13.46 x 7.72m and was powered by a 3 cylinder triple expansion engine. Kilmore Lifeboat rescued the crew of 45. It will come under the 100 year rule in 2016.

Two of the best scenic dives in the area are Connigbeg and Conningmor.

Coningbeg rock is fully submerged at high water, which can make it hard to find on a flat calm day. However, the slightest swell means that the sea can be seen breaking over the top. It is very easy to find depths up to 45m here, although the Hook Head lighthouse. Photo by Bernard Kaye.

SubSea Summer 2018 41 UWH News

The National League. Photo by Joleen Cronin .

Latest News • e Irish UWH Irish Squad has been selected and represented Ireland in the Capo d'Istria Cup at Koper, Slovenia last month, finishing 7th out of 16. • A new team has emerged! DCU Underwater hockey team is now fully established. ey train with Dublin in the National Aquatic Centre on ursdays. • Some of the Cork and Dublin UWH players recently attended BEST Fest Open Water Swimming Festival in Mallorca this Mayand hosted a taster session for those new to the sport. Best Fest is an annual Week Long swimming festival with an event for everyone from 500m to 10km, both competitive and just for fun as well as pool and open water clinics.

42 SubSea Summer 2018 UWH News

Irish League Results 2018 January - 1st Place Otters / 2nd Place UCD Krakens

March - 1st Place Cork / 2nd Place UCD Krakens

Final season tournament is on July 1st in the National Aquatic Centre

Expected teams: Belfast Sinking Sheep, Dublin Otters, Dublin Vikings, UCD Krakens, DCU and Cork.

The winning Cork team of the March Irish League match. Photo by Joleen Cronin . Irish League January results. Photo by Joleen Cronin .

SubSea Summer 2018 43 UWH News

UCD last year at Koper, Slovenia. Photo by Joleen Cronin . Upcoming tournaments: Tournaments Date Who’s going?

Koper, Slovenia May 26th Ireland National Squad: Chris Cashman (Team Captain), Diarmaid Clancy, Peter Cunningham, Shane Murphy, Hugh Nolan, Brian Delaney, Rachel Ni Dubhghaill, Louis Fusco, Chris Cashman, Zac Campbell

Budapest, Hungary June 15th Individual Irish Players

Dublin, Ireland July 1st All Irish teams

Munich, Germany July 15th University College Dublin - Krakens

Common FAQ Q. Where can I go to start playing hockey?

A. Dublin @ the National Aquatic Centre in Blanchardstown. Training: ursday 8.45pm to 10pm. Cork @ the Mayfield Sports Complex. Training: 7.45pm to 9pm

New players welcome! No gear or previous experience required. Please message either of the club Facebook pages for more info. ◼

44 SubSea Summer 2018 Members of Shannonside Sub Aqua club pictured at a wintery Portroe Quarry earlier this year. Our Club: Sahnnonside Sub Aqua Club Offaly based Sub Aqua Club celebrate 42 nd anniversary

Shannonside Sub Aqua Club celebrates periods swords that are now displayed its 42 nd Anniversary this October. e at the National Museum of Ireland. club was established in 1976 and since e first sword found by John its formation; it has been very active Heffernan was a Viking sword, Robert within the local community promoting O’Meara found the second sword dated and scuba diving. Based at back to the time of Brian Boru and the our clubhouse at Banagher marina, third discovery was a bronze age sword Shannonside Sub Aqua Club also found by Michael O’Rourke. At the provide an invaluable search & time Dr. Andy Halpin, Assistant Keeper recovery service to the local area and in of Irish Antiquities at the National recent years our members have been Museum expressed his thanks to the requested to take part in other search members of the club for their good and recovery operations throughout work that led directly to the discovery Ireland.It’s members span from the and acquisition by the Museum of Shannonside Sub Aqua club crest is taken from surrounding towns in county Offaly an ancient mermaid sketch dating back to St three important early medieval swords and East Galway. Shannonside Sub Brendan the Navigator who according to leg - from the river Shannon at Banagher in Aqua Club hit the national headlines a end, sailed to America centuries before Colum - 2013. “I would like to commend bus. The Saint is buried at Clonfert Cathedral in number of years ago when three divers East Galway only five miles away from the sub everyone involved for their good work, on three different occasions found aqua club house. firstly in the discovery of these artefacts

SubSea Summer 2018 45 Shannonside SAC

Blast from the past. Founding members Dessie Claffey, Padraic O’Meara and Pictured it the original carving of St Brendan the Navigator mermaid that Kevin Spellman pictured at the river Shannon in the mid 80’s. can be seen at Clonfert Cathedral in East Galway. and secondly in the passing them on safely to the Museum and ensuring that no damage was caused. You have done great service, not just to the Museum but to the people of Ireland, who for generations to come will have the benefit of this important part of their heritage and history.” e Shannon side Sub Aqua club has a very distinctive crest. e mermaid on the club crest is taken from an ancient sketch dating back to St Brendan the Navigator who according to legend, sailed to America centuries before Columbus. e Saint is buried at Clonfert Cathedral in East Galway only five miles away from the sub aqua club house. Some of the finest medieval carvings in Ireland are to be found including a mermaid a sea monster at the Cathedral. Every year the club enroll new diving and junior snorkeling members in January and this is followed by 13 weeks of pool training and lectures commencing at the start of February. During the summer months, our divers take weekly dives at the river Shannon and at the weekend they travel to the west coast and Donegal for sea dives. For anyone who would like to join Shannonside Sub Aqua Club they can e-mail the secretary Jonathan O’Meara Robert O’Meara became the club’s first Leading Diver in 2017. Robert is pictured here with the Brian at [email protected]. Boru sword he recovered from the river Shannon in 2013. ◼

46 SubSea Summer 2018 Shannonside Sub Aqua Club, based at the Marina on the River Shannon in Banagher, Co. Offaly has a proud tradition of introducing younger members of the community to the sport of Snorkelling. e Club was officially formed in 1976 and in the intervening years a thriving Snorkelling wing was Snorkel News established. Over the years we have trained and provided skills to countless young people to Shannonside Sub Aqua Club pursue Snorkelling and develop a love and respect for our waterways and marine environment.

SubSea Summer 2018 47 Snorkel News

Our current team of ten Junior Our Focus for the Summer, 2018; Snorkelers completed their 10 week pool training over the Winter / Spring Snorkels – River Shannon at Banagher, months in Birr Swimming Pool. For Athlone and Portumna some of them, they were starting from scratch, so to see the progression they Snorkels – Grand Canal between Lock have made is very pleasing. We would 34 & Shannonharbour like to take this opportunity to thank Snorkels – Coastal – Coral Beach, Trá our National Snorkelling Officer, Dhoilín, Ceathrú Rua / Killary Fjord / Bernard Larkin for all the help and Kilkee assistance he and our friends at Athlone SAC have given us. Bernard, For many years we had a Sponsored along with a number of Senior Fin Swim, about 3km, from the Brosna each Wednesday from 6pm to 8pm Snorkelling Instructors from Athlone / Grand Canal junction on the and are regularly supported by SAC travelled over to our sessions at Shannon down river to Banagher different divers each week from within Birr Pool to assist with training and Marina for refreshments. is event the club. We must also mention Mid lectures. lapsed somewhat in recent times and Ireland Adventure Tours who provide Since the beginning of May we have we now hope to organise a Social Fin cover to our snorkelers using their SUP taken to the River Shannon for our Swim which will be open to all clubs Guys. weekly Snorkelling exploits. We meet and it’s focus it to promote the sport of Snorkelling and to enhance the bond of friendship between Clubs.

Finally the most important component are our Junior Snorkelling Members and they are a water loving, constantly duck diving, searching and rooting crew –

Brendan Brogan, Coda Clarke, Daire Daly, Debhin Fahy, Gabi Nieto, Harvey Dolan, Lara Clarke, Luis Regan, Nathan McDermott & Oisín O’Conner.

We are lucky to live on the banks of the River Shannon which offers so much opportunity to enjoy water sports and in particular to sport of Snorkelling.

On behalf of all at Shannonside SAC we wish you all a safe and enjoyable Picture of SSAC Snorkelers enjoying a Hot Ribena after dip in Shannon. Diving / Snorkelling season and feel Fergal Clarke Diver, Wade O'Meara Diver, Harvey Dolan Nathan McDermott, Daire Daly, OisÌn O'Conner, free to visit us on FB. Noel Guerin Diver, Debhin Fahy Michael O' Rourke Diver and John Mahon Diver S.O. ◼

48 SubSea Summer 2018 Up-coming events: Museum Conservation Tour - June 21 st 2018 Back by popular demand, a tour of the National Museum of Ireland Conservation Department, NMI Collins Barracks. Last year, the group were treated to a viewing of the conservation process for the cannons recovered by the Unit, from the Armada wreck La Juliana. e tour, guided by Museum personnel, will take the group through the conservation facility, to meet conservators at work and see projects in progress. Spaces are limited. Please email us to book your place: [email protected]

Courses: Streedagh cannons at the NMI Conservation Department. · NAS Part I & II courses Summer 2018 TBA. · Photogrammetry: course can be run on demand: contact us for info.

In the News: April saw the launch of the National Monuments Service (NMS) Wreck Viewer. www.archaeology.ie/underwater- archaeology/wreck-viewer e viewer is a product of a significant project undertaken by the NMS Underwater Archaeology Unit (UAU), to identify shipwrecks in Ireland within the country’s maritime boundaries, including inland water bodies. Book shrine from lake. Finds from Corrib.

SubSea Summer 2018 49 NAS News

Shannon sword. Sock from bog body.

Found isolated at sea – in net possibly. Cart wheel from the Julianna.

Previously available in coffee-table e viewer displays the known work of the Geological Survey of weight publications such as Shipwreck location of over 18,000 wreck sites Ireland and the Marine Institute Inventory of Ireland – Louth, Meath identified through a range of sources, (Integrated Mapping For the Dublin & Wicklow (Brady, 2008), representing sites dating from Sustainable Development of Ireland’s Warships, U-Boats & Liners (Brady et prehistory through to the recent Marine Resource, INFOMAR), and al 2012), or by appointment to view history. Sources include records in from first-hand accounts from the files held by the UAU, the viewer is the Parliamentary Papers, the UK diving and fishing communities, and first remotely accessible searchable Hydrographic Office, Lloyd’s List and sea and inland waterways amenity view of this database. Lloyd’s Register of Shipping, sea charts users. e spot points are centre Divers and wreck enthusiasts now and cartography the 17th century points, and do not indicate the extent have at their fingertips, an amazing onwards, contemporary newspaper of a wreck site if, for example, a wreck resource for wreck research and diving. reports, records of the National has broken up and is spread out over a e database details the dates of Museum of Ireland and the National broader area. e database itself wrecks, where known, an excellent aid Folklore Collection. includes still more wrecks, with for dive planning. A sports diving e locations indicated are in the location unknown. licence from the NMS is required for viewer represent known locations This is a tremendous resource, and diving on any wreck over 100 years old, indicated by spot points, some by if viewed along with the Protected or subject to an underwater heritage record only, for example, where a ship Wreck Database of Northern order (applications forms available at is known to have been lost, but without Ireland†, gives a cohesive view of www.archaeology.ie, contact CFT NAS, positive identification, or specific wreck sites identified off the island of or consult your DO). locations verified through the survey Ireland. ◼ †Open Data NI Protected Wrecks includes records of known wreck remains (ships, aircraft and maritime artefacts) on the seabed in Northern Ireland waters (www.opendatani.gov.uk).

50 SubSea Summer 2018 Mart & Exchange DR YSUIT Mart & Exchange caErries small ads for commercial services at a rate of 50.00 for up to 50 words, cash TAIL ORS with order. Ads from diver to diver for non commercial services are free. For professional drysuit repairs Send advertisements by fax, E-mail or post to CFT Head Office for inclusion in the next issue. If gear is stolen please advertise to assist recovery and alert the trade.

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SubSea Summer 2018 51 EXPLORE MORE EON CORE

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