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The Interconnector Pipeline a Key Link in Europe's Gas Network
The Interconnector Pipeline A Key Link in Europe’s Gas Network Mark Futyan Oxford Institute of Energy Studies March 2006 Mark Futyan is a postgraduate student at Columbia Business School in New York. He previously worked for Interconnector (UK) Limited between 2001 and 2005. During this period, he was involved in a variety of engineering and commercial projects. For information or questions on this research, please contact: [email protected]. Copyright © 2006 Mark Futyan The contents of and views expressed in this paper are the author’s sole responsibility. They do not necessarily represent the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies or any of its members, nor do they represent the views of Interconnector (UK) Limited. ISBN 1-901795-44-6 ii Preface The Interconnector pipeline has rarely been out of the news since it was first proposed in the early 1990s. It is probably not too much of an exaggeration to say that it has transformed short term trading in north west Europe, causing companies to enter into commercial behaviour that they had not previously considered possible or, in some cases, desirable. Equally interesting were predictions (before it was built) that the project was likely to be a waste of time, followed by periodic claims that: gas was flowing in the wrong direction; that larger or smaller volumes of gas should be flowing; and that shippers on one side or the other were responding inappropriately to price signals. For a gas research programme this made the Interconnector a particularly suitable research project which fits perfectly into our work on European gas issues. -
Total Length = Approximately 760 Km 1400 MW (1.4 GW) Capacity Operational in 2022
Welcome to Viking Link Viking Link is a proposed 1400 MW high voltage direct current (DC) electricity link between the British and Danish transmission systems connecting at Bicker Fen substation in Lincolnshire and Revsing in southern Jutland, Denmark. Viking Link will allow electricity to be exchanged between Great Britain and Denmark. Total length = approximately 760 km 1400 MW (1.4 GW) capacity Operational in 2022 GB GB The project is being jointly developed between National Grid Viking Link Limited and Energinet.dk. National Grid Viking Link Limited (NGVL) is a wholly owned subsidiary of National Grid Group and is legally separate from National Grid Electricity Transmission Plc (NGET) which has the licence to own and operate the high voltage electricity transmission system in England and Wales. Energinet.dk is an independent public enterprise owned by the Danish state as represented by the Ministry of Energy, Utilities and Climate. It owns, operates and develops the Danish electricity and gas transmission systems. CONTACT US e [email protected] t 0800 731 0561 w www.viking-link.com Why we are here Thank you for coming to this public consultation event about our proposals for Viking Link. The project is at an early stage and the impact of any proposals on local people and the environment will be carefully considered as we develop our project. We intend to apply for planning permission for the British onshore works through the local planning process and we will consult and listen carefully to local communities as we develop our plans. Today we would like to introduce the project and explain what we want to build. -
High Voltage Direct Current Transmission – Proven Technology for Power Exchange
www.siemens.com/energy/hvdc High Voltage Direct Current Transmission – Proven Technology for Power Exchange Answers for energy. 2 Contents Chapter Theme Page 1 Why High Voltage Direct Current? 4 2 Main Types of HVDC Schemes 6 3 Converter Theory 8 4 Principle Arrangement of an HVDC Transmission Project 11 5 Main Components 14 5.1 Thyristor Valves 14 5.2 Converter Transformer 18 5.3 Smoothing Reactor 20 5.4 Harmonic Filters 22 5.4.1 AC Harmonic Filter 22 5.4.2 DC Harmonic Filter 25 5.4.3 Active Harmonic Filter 26 5.5 Surge Arrester 28 5.6 DC Transmission Circuit 31 5.6.1 DC Transmission Line 31 5.6.2 DC Cable 32 5.6.3 High Speed DC Switches 34 5.6.4 Earth Electrode 36 5.7 Control & Protection 38 6 System Studies, Digital Models, Design Specifications 45 7 Project Management 46 3 1 Why High Voltage Direct Current? 1.1 Highlights from the High Voltage Direct In 1941, the first contract for a commercial HVDC Current (HVDC) History system was signed in Germany: 60 MW were to be supplied to the city of Berlin via an underground The transmission and distribution of electrical energy cable of 115 km length. The system with ±200 kV started with direct current. In 1882, a 50-km-long and 150 A was ready for energizing in 1945. It was 2-kV DC transmission line was built between Miesbach never put into operation. and Munich in Germany. At that time, conversion between reasonable consumer voltages and higher Since then, several large HVDC systems have been DC transmission voltages could only be realized by realized with mercury arc valves. -
Gewijzigde Regels Veilingen Lange Termijn Capaciteit Elektriciteit Britned
Autoriteit Consument & Markt Besluit Openbaar Ons kenmerk: ACM/DE/2015/206451_0V Zaaknummer: 15.0209.27 BESLUIT Besluit van de Autoriteit Consument en Markt op grond van artikel 5, zesde lid, van de Elektriciteitswet 1998. Autoriteit Consument & Markt Besluit Openbaar Inhoudsopgave 1 Inleiding 3 2 Procedure van totstandkoming van dit besluit 5 2.1 Terinzagelegging en zienswijzen 5 2.2 Notificatierichtlijn 5 3 Wettelijk kader 6 4 De voorstellen 7 4.1 Aanleiding voorstellen en gevolgde procedure 7 4.1.1 EU HAR 7 4.1.2 BritNed Access Rules 8 4.2 Toelichting op de voorgestelde wijzigingen 8 4.2.1 EU HAR 8 4.2.2 BritNed Access Rules 13 5 Beoordeling 14 5.1 Reactie op consultatie 14 5.2 EU HAR 15 5.2.1 Datum inwerkingtreding 15 5.2.2 Zekerheden en kredietlimiet 16 5.2.3 Minimumprijs 16 5.2.4 Beperking van transmissierechten 16 5.2.5 Conclusie 17 5.3 BritNed Access Rules 17 5.3.1 Conclusie 17 6 Dictum 18 Autoriteit Consument & Markt Besluit Openbaar 1 Inleiding 1. BritNed Development Limited (hierna: BritNed) is exploitant van een interconnector voor het transport van elektriciteit tussen Nederland en Groot-Brittannie. De minister van Economische Zaken heeft op 27 juni 2007 ontheffing verleend aan BritNed en TenneT TSO B.V. voor de BritNed interconnector. 2. In dit besluit wordt het verzoek van BritNed om goedkeuring van de volgende documenten beoordeeld: 1) de Allocation Rules for Forward Capacity Allocation (hierna: EU HAR); 2) Annex 1 List of Bidding Zone borders and/or their subsets to which the Allocation Rules apply including information on type of allocated Long Term Transmission Rights (hierna: Annex 1); 3) Annex 13 to the Harmonised Allocation Rules Border specific annex: BritNed lnterconnector (hierna: Annex 13); en 4) de gewijzigde BritNed Access Rules. -
Annual Report and Accounts
2010/11 Annual Report and Accounts 2010/11 Annual Report and Cautionary Statement performance against regulatory targets This document comprises the Annual and standards and against our peers Report and Accounts for the year ending with the aim of delivering stakeholder Accounts 31 March 2011 for National Grid and its expectations regarding costs and subsidiaries. It contains the Directors’ effi ciency savings, including those related Report and Financial Statements, to restructuring and internal transformation together with the Independent Auditor’s projects; and; customers and counterparties Report thereon, as required by the failing to perform their obligations to us National Grid plc Companies Act 2006. The Directors’ and our arrangements with the Long Island Report, comprising pages 10 to 108, Power Authority not being renewed. Other has been drawn up in accordance with factors that could cause actual results the requirements of English law, and to differ materially from those described liability in respect thereof is also governed in this document include fl uctuations by English law. In particular, the liability in exchange rates, interest rates and of the Directors for these reports is solely commodity price indices; restrictions to National Grid. in our borrowing and debt arrangements, funding costs and access to fi nancing; This document also contains certain our effective rate of tax; National Grid’s statements that are neither reported status as a holding company with no fi nancial results nor other historical revenue generating operations of its own; information. These statements are infl ation; seasonal fl uctuations; the future forward-looking statements within the funding requirements of our pension meaning of Section 27A of the Securities schemes and other post-retirement Act of 1933, as amended, and Section benefi t schemes; the loss of key 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of personnel or the ability to attract, train 1934, as amended. -
IFA2 Latest: Leading Consultants Arcadis Appointed to Complete Airfield Assessment at Daedalus
Investors Home Press Releases Media Contacts Home / Press Releases / IFA2 latest: Leading consultants Arcadis appointed to complete airfield assessment at Daedalus Independent compatibility study announced by National Grid IFA2 Ltd for proposed project at Daedalus site 28 Jul 2016 Leading consultants Arcadis appointed to help ensure IFA2 energy project can coexist with airport operations at the Daedalus site Assessment commissioned by National Grid IFA2 Ltd in conjunction with land owner Fareham Borough Council Assessment will be carried out between July and September 2016 Expert consultants have been hired to help ensure that proposed cross channel energy link IFA2 can operate alongside the Solent Airport at Daedalus. National Grid IFA2 Ltd, in conjunction with land owner Fareham Borough Council have appointed leading consultants Arcadis to carry out an independent assessment looking at how the IFA2 electricity interconnector would operate alongside the Solent Airport at the Daedalus site in Lee-on-the-Solent, Hampshire. National Grid IFA2 Ltd is proposing to lease land at Daedalus for the British part of its proposed IFA2 project, which would help boost access to safe, reliable, affordable energy supplies by providing a new energy link with France. Arcadis have been commissioned to carry out the assessment to ensure that the interconnector will be able to coexist with site owner Fareham Borough Council’s Vision for Daedalus and won’t adversely affect operations at the airport. Arcadis will start work on their assessment this month with the report due to be completed in September 2016. Morris Bray, from National Grid IFA2, who helped commission the assessment, said: “This independent assessment should help provide reassurance that our proposals won’t affect Fareham Borough Council’s Vision for Daedalus including its continued use as an operational airport.” Stef Scannali, Arcadis Head of Safety Risk Management, said: “We’re delighted to be supporting National Grid IFA2 Ltd and Fareham Borough Council on this vital project. -
C16 2018 19 Consultation
C16 Report to Authority A report in accordance with standard condition C16 for 2020-21 Proposed revisions to the: Procurement Guidelines Balancing Principles Statement Balancing Services Adjustment Data Methodology Statement System Management Action Flagging Methodology Statement Applicable Balancing Service Volume Data 17th February 2020 | C16 Report to Authority 0 Contents Executive summary ........................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 4 Overview of C16 Process .................................................................................................................. 5 2020-21 Annual Industry Consultation Process ................................................................................ 6 Industry responses to the C16 consultation ......................................................... 13 Proposed changes to Procurement Guidelines 2020-21 ................................................................ 14 Proposed changes to BPS .............................................................................................................. 30 Proposed changes to BSAD ............................................................................................................ 38 Proposed changes to SMAF ........................................................................................................... 44 Proposed changes -
A Holistic Framework for the Study of Interdependence Between Electricity and Gas Sectors
November 2015 A holistic framework for the study of interdependence between electricity and gas sectors OIES PAPER: EL 16 Donna Peng Rahmatallah Poudineh The contents of this paper are the authors’ sole responsibility. They do not necessarily represent the views of the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies or any of its members. Copyright © 2015 Oxford Institute for Energy Studies (Registered Charity, No. 286084) This publication may be reproduced in part for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgment of the source is made. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. ISBN 978-1-78467-042-9 A holistic framework for the study of interdependence between electricity and gas sectors i Acknowledgements The authors are thankful to Malcolm Keay, Howard Rogers and Pablo Dueñas for their invaluable comments on the earlier version of this paper. The authors would also like to extend their sincere gratitude to Bassam Fattouh, director of OIES, for his support during this project. A holistic framework for the study of interdependence between electricity and gas sectors ii Contents Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................. ii Contents ............................................................................................................................................... -
The Political Economy of Energy Transitions
The Political Economy of Energy Transitions “Case studies of natural gas and offshore wind in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom” Student: Steven Blom (s4261690) Project: Master thesis Public Administration Program: Comparative Public Administration (COMPASS) University: Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands Faculty: Nijmegen School of Management Thesis supervisor Tutors: Dr. J. (Johan) De Kruijf Prof. dr. S. (Sandra) van Thiel Research assignment Client: Dr.ir. R.P.J.M. (Rob) Raven Position: Professor Institutions and Societal Transitions Department: Innovation studies department of Utrecht University Former position: Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences - Eindhoven University of Technology [TU/e] th Date: August 11 , 2015 1 Table of contents Abbreviations & acronyms ..................................................................................................................... 5 Prologue .................................................................................................................................................. 6 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 7 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Chapter’s structure ........................................................................................................................ 7 1.3 Problem description ..................................................................................................................... -
Requirements for Interconnection of HVDC Links with DC-DC Converters
Requirements for interconnection of HVDC links with DC-DC converters Daniel Gomez A., Juan Paez, Marc Cheah-Mane, Jose Maneiro, Piotr Dworakowski, Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt, Florent Morel To cite this version: Daniel Gomez A., Juan Paez, Marc Cheah-Mane, Jose Maneiro, Piotr Dworakowski, et al.. Re- quirements for interconnection of HVDC links with DC-DC converters. IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Oct 2019, Lisbon, Portugal. pp.4854-4860, 10.1109/IECON.2019.8927640. hal-02432353 HAL Id: hal-02432353 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02432353 Submitted on 8 Jan 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Requirements for interconnection of HVDC links with DC-DC converters Daniel Gómez A. Juan D. Páez Marc Cheah-Mane Jose Maneiro SuperGrid Institute SuperGrid Institute CITCEA-UPC SuperGrid Institute Villeurbanne, France Villeurbanne, France Barcelona, Spain Villeurbanne, France https://orcid.org/0000-0002- https://orcid.org/0000-0002- https://orcid.org/0000-0002- https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 5647-0488 8712-3630 0942-661X 5717-6176 Piotr Dworakowski Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt Florent Morel SuperGrid Institute CITCEA-UPC SuperGrid Institute Villeurbanne, France Barcelona, Spain Villeurbanne, France https://orcid.org/0000-0002- https://orcid.org/0000-0002- https://orcid.org/0000-0003- 6893-0103 9507-8278 3098-7806 Abstract— The number of high voltage direct current (HVDC) links continue to increase over the years, most of them, for offshore applications or bulk power transmission over long distances. -
Reforming the Electricity Market
HOUSE OF LORDS Select Committee on Economic Affairs 2nd Report of Session 2016–17 The Price of Power: Reforming the Electricity Market Ordered to be printed 8 February 2017 and published 24 February 2017 Published by the Authority of the House of Lords HL Paper 113 Select Committee on Economic Affairs The Economic Affairs Committee was appointed by the House of Lords in this session “to consider economic affairs”. Membership The Members of the Select Committee on Economic Affairs are: Baroness Bowles of Berkhamsted Lord Layard Lord Burns Lord Livermore Lord Darling of Roulanish Lord Sharkey Lord Forsyth of Drumlean Lord Tugendhat Lord Hollick (Chairman) Lord Turnbull Lord Kerr of Kinlochard Baroness Wheatcroft Lord Lamont of Lerwick Declaration of interests See Appendix 1. A full list of Members’ interests can be found in the Register of Lords’ Interests: http://www.parliament.uk/mps-lords-and-offices/standards-and-interests/register-of-lords- interests Publications All publications of the Committee are available at: http://www.parliament.uk/hleconomicaffairs Parliament Live Live coverage of debates and public sessions of the Committee’s meetings are available at: http://www.parliamentlive.tv Further information Further information about the House of Lords and its Committees, including guidance to witnesses, details of current inquiries and forthcoming meetings is available at: http://www.parliament.uk/business/lords Committee staff The staff who worked on this inquiry were Ayeesha Waller (Clerk), Ben McNamee (Policy Analyst), Oswin Taylor (Committee Assistant) and Dr Aaron Goater and Dr Jonathan Wentworth of the Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology. Contact details All correspondence should be addressed to the Clerk of the Economic Affairs Committee, Committee Office, House of Lords, London SW1A 0PW. -
Nautilus Interconnector April 2021 I National Grid
Nautilus Interconnector April 2021 I National Grid Nautilus Interconnector Proposed by National Grid Ventures April 2021 1 National Grid I April 2021 Nautilus Interconnector Nautilus Interconnector April 2021 I National Grid Introducing Nautilus North Sea Link: Interconnector 1.4 GW Under construction Live 2021 GB and Norway At National Grid Ventures (NGV), we are bringing National Grid Ventures (NGV) forward plans for Nautilus, a new interconnector Proposals for Nautilus are being developed by in East Suffolk that could supply enough NGV and our respective joint venture partner in electricity to power around 1.4 million UK Belgium, Elia. Viking Link: 1.4 GW homes. Under construction Nautilus could connect 1.4 gigawatts (GW) of NGV is the competitive division of National Grid. It Live 2023 offshore wind to the transmission systems of Great operates outside of National Grid’s core regulated GB and Denmark Britain and Belgium through a sub-sea electricity businesses in the UK and US where it develops cable called an interconnector. The project would and operates energy projects, technologies and include underground cabling works and onshore partnerships to make energy cleaner, more secure infrastructure, which would be located in East Suffolk. and more affordable for consumers. We are also bringing forward proposals for a second There are three distinct business entities under the BritNed: 1 GW interconnector in East Suffolk, currently known as umbrella of National Grid plc in the UK, as detailed Operational EuroLink. Both projects are early in their respective in the diagram below, all with different roles and Live 2011 feasibility stages, and EuroLink is currently less responsibilities.