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Rubén Darío A. C. Sandino
Información,Información, análisisanálisis yy debatedebate N oN.o 10. 17, junio-julio agosto-septiembre 2010 2011 Únanse, brillen, secúndense tantos vigores dispersos; formen todos un solo haz de energía ecuménica. Sangre de Hispania fecunda, sólidas, ínclitas razas, muestren los dones pretéritos que fueron antaño su triunfo. Vuelva el antiguo entusiasmo, vuelva el espíritu ardiente que regará lenguas de fuego en esa epifanía. Rubén Darío El amor a mi patria lo he puesto sobre todos los amores y tú debes convencerte que para ser feliz conmigo, es menester que el sol de la libertad brille en nuestras frentes. A. C. Sandino correo agosto- septiembre 2011 año 3 - número 17 - agosto-septiembre 2011 sumario 3 Editorial 4 Ganar las elecciones haciendo Revolución 8 Nicaragua y la importancia de no ser perfumado Correo es una publicación bimestral 13 Logros y desafíos del proyecto sandinista del colectivo de comunicadores “Sandino Vive”, Cómo resurgió el sandinismo en Madriz del Instituto de Comunicación Social. 18 Los materiales publicados por Correo 25 Sandino y las disparidades de sus detractores pueden ser reproducidos total o parcialmente por cualquier medio 31 Un grito mudo de información citando la fuente. 33 Otra ofensiva terrorista contra Cuba Suscripción militante: US$ 50.00 anual 39 El neoliberalismo y los caminos de las izquierdas Precio unitario en Nicaragua: C$ 50.00 41 Ollanta Humala y la oportunidad de Perú 4 Teléfono: 2250 5741 48 Ricardo Morales Avilés [email protected] 53 Cronología de eventos en la historia del FSLN -
Appendix As Too Inclusive
Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen Appendix I A Chronological List of Cases Involving the Landing of United States Forces to Protect the Lives and Property of Nationals Abroad Prior to World War II* This Appendix contains a chronological list of pre-World War II cases in which the United States landed troops in foreign countries to pro- tect the lives and property of its nationals.1 Inclusion of a case does not nec- essarily imply that the exercise of forcible self-help was motivated solely, or even primarily, out of concern for US nationals.2 In many instances there is room for disagreement as to what motive predominated, but in all cases in- cluded herein the US forces involved afforded some measure of protection to US nationals or their property. The cases are listed according to the date of the first use of US forces. A case is included only where there was an actual physical landing to protect nationals who were the subject of, or were threatened by, immediate or po- tential danger. Thus, for example, cases involving the landing of troops to punish past transgressions, or for the ostensible purpose of protecting na- tionals at some remote time in the future, have been omitted. While an ef- fort to isolate individual fact situations has been made, there are a good number of situations involving multiple landings closely related in time or context which, for the sake of convenience, have been treated herein as sin- gle episodes. The list of cases is based primarily upon the sources cited following this paragraph. -
Nicaragua's Survival: Choices in a Neoliberal World Stanley G
Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Graduate Program in International Studies Dissertations Spring 2006 Nicaragua's Survival: Choices in a Neoliberal World Stanley G. Hash Jr. Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds Part of the Economic Theory Commons, International Relations Commons, Latin American History Commons, and the Latin American Studies Commons Recommended Citation Hash, Stanley G.. "Nicaragua's Survival: Choices in a Neoliberal World" (2006). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), dissertation, International Studies, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/m977-a571 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/39 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Program in International Studies at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NICARAGUA’S SURVIVAL CHOICES IN A NEOLIBERAL WORLD by Stanley G Hash, Jr B.A. August 1976, University of Maryland M A P. A June 1979, University o f Oklahoma A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY INTERNATIONAL STUDIES OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY May 2006 Approved by: Franck_Adams (Director) Lucien Lombardo (Member) Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT NICARAGUA’S SURVIVAL: CHOICES IN A NEOLIBERAL WORLD Stanley G Hash, Jr Old Dominion University, 2006 Director: Dr Francis Adams In January 1990 the Nicaraguan electorate chose to abandon the failing Sandinista Revolution in favor of the economic neoliberal rubric. -
GOBERNANTES DE NICARAGUA En La Época Del Dominio De España En América, Nicaragua Fue Una Provincia De La Capitanía General De Guatemala
GOBERNANTES DE NICARAGUA En la época del dominio de España en América, Nicaragua fue una provincia de la Capitanía General de Guatemala. En 1812, en España, se emitió la Constitución de Cádiz. En ella se crearon dos Diputaciones Provinciales. La de Guatemala abarcaba Guatemala, El Salvador, Comayagua y Chiapas. La otra abarcaba Nicaragua y Costa Rica. El 11 de octubre de 1821, la Diputación Provincial de Nicaragua y Costa Rica proclamó la independencia de España y su anexión a México. La unión con México fracasó en 1823. En ese año todos los países de Centroamérica se unieron en las Provincias Unidas del Centro de América. Después se creó la República Federal de Centro América, que duró de 1824 a 1838. Juntas Gubernativas: Guerra civil: Miguel González Saravia ene. - oct. 1824 Manuel Arzú Manuel Antonio de la Cerda oct. 1821 - jul. 1823 jul. 1823 - ene. 1824 oct. 1824 - abr. 1825 abr. - nov. 1825 Guerra Civil: Benito Morales nov. 1833 - mar. 1834 Pedro Pineda José Núñez set. 1826 - feb. 1827 mar. 1834 - abr. 1834 Manuel Antonio de la Cerda José Zepeda feb. 1827- nov. 1828 abr. 1834 - ene. 1837 Dionisio Herrera Juan Argüello Pedro Oviedo nov. 1829 - nov. 1833 Juan Núñez nov. 1825 - set. 1826 nov. 1828 - 1830 pero gobierna a partir de 1830 ene. 1837 - abr. 1838 Senadores encargados Manuel Pérez del poder: may. 1843 - set. 1844 Evaristo Rocha / abr - jun 1839 Patricio Rivas / jun - jul 1839 Emiliano Madriz José Núñez Joaquín del Cosío set. - dic. 1844 jul-oct 1839 Hilario Ulloa / oct-nov 1839 Silvestre Selva Pablo Buitrago Tomás Valladares dic. -
ARCHIGOS a Data Set on Leaders 1875–2004 Version
ARCHIGOS A Data Set on Leaders 1875–2004 Version 2.9∗ c H. E. Goemans Kristian Skrede Gleditsch Giacomo Chiozza August 13, 2009 ∗We sincerely thank several users and commenters who have spotted errors or mistakes. In particular we would like to thank Kirk Bowman, Jinhee Choung, Ursula E. Daxecker, Tanisha Fazal, Kimuli Kasara, Brett Ashley Leeds, Nicolay Marinov, Won-Ho Park, Stuart A. Reid, Martin Steinwand and Ronald Suny. Contents 1 Codebook 1 2 CASE DESCRIPTIONS 5 2.1 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ................... 5 2.2 CANADA .................................. 7 2.3 BAHAMAS ................................. 9 2.4 CUBA .................................... 10 2.5 HAITI .................................... 14 2.6 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ....................... 38 2.7 JAMAICA .................................. 79 2.8 TRINIDAD & TOBAGO ......................... 80 2.9 BARBADOS ................................ 81 2.10 MEXICO ................................... 82 2.11 BELIZE ................................... 85 2.12 GUATEMALA ............................... 86 2.13 HONDURAS ................................ 104 2.14 EL SALVADOR .............................. 126 2.15 NICARAGUA ............................... 149 2.16 COSTA RICA ............................... 173 2.17 PANAMA .................................. 194 2.18 COLOMBIA ................................. 203 2.19 VENEZUELA ................................ 209 2.20 GUYANA .................................. 218 2.21 SURINAM ................................. 219 2.22 ECUADOR ................................ -
Obras Completas De Carlos Cuadra Pasos
INDICE ONOMA5TICO ABC, el 495 Abaunza, Benjamín 429-431 Abaunza, 'Chepita 159 Abogado de los Reales Consejos 64 Abril, 'Revolución del 28 de 144, 148 Acajutla 214, 226, 234, 235 Acoyapa 133, 294, 337, 339 Adelantado de Costa 'Rica 40, 64, 95, 348 Adenauer (Konrad} 351 Administrador de los Correos 37 Africa 57 Aguado, don Antonio 71 Aguado, Enoc 540, ó83 Agüero (padre), Doctor Fernando 419 Agüero 'Rocha, Doctor Fernando 419 Aguerri, (hepita de 133 Aguirre Muñoz, Horacio 519, 521 Agurcia, Familia 241, 522 Agurcia, Hotel 518 Agurcia, José María 241 Alarcón, Escribano 40 Alarcón, Severino 66, 70, 71 Aldana de Meneses, Don Alonso 88 Aldana, MargaJita de 27 Aldana, Sánchez de 50 Alduvín, Doctor Ricardo 527 Alegría Prado, Carlos 331 Alemania 350, 437-440, 494, 495 Alemania Occidental 351 Alemán, José Coronado 64 Alemán, Tomás 297 Alfara, Doctor Jacinto 329 Alfara, Don Francisco 136 Alfara, General 'Eloy 150, 573 Alfonso XIII 136 Algebra 162 Almirante, el 433, 434, 466 Alonso, Gaspar 84 Alsacia 308 Altamirano, Doctor Adolfo 158, 176, 177, 572 Alvarado, Don Pedro de 52 Alvarez de Montalván, Don Gabriel 80 Alvarez, Jonás 157 Alvarez Lejarza, Emilio 165 Alvarez Saballos, Vicente 270, 350 Amador, don José 385; Salvador 386, 502; Horacio 502 Amalia, Ingenio 128 Amapala 208, Q15, 235, 245, 518 América 20, 21, 24, 32, 39, 47, 53, 55, 57, 59,87, 112, 118,439, 447, 449, 494 América del Sur 536 América Latina 213, 439 Amigo Manso 199 Andrade, Bruno 90 Andrea, la 213, 215 Angeles Rebeldes 174 Angula Gascón, Don Francisco de 85 Angula Guridi, Alejandro 310 -
CA Diss Final1
THE NICARAGUAN BLACK LEGEND: VIOLENCE AND NICARAGUANS IN COSTA RICA, 1821-1956 BY Carlos Enrique Alemán A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY History 2012 ABSTRACT THE NICARAGUAN BLACK LEGEND: VIOLENCE AND NICARAGUANS IN COSTA RICA, 1821-1956 By Carlos Enrique Alemán This dissertation is a transnational history that examines the perception of Nicaraguan immigrants in Costa Rica through their social, political and labor practices from independence to the mid-twentieth century. My dissertation examines the interplay between violence and nation- state formation and its impact on national identities. By analyzing the role of foreign relations, interregional politics and immigration in the construction of national identity, I argue that the deployment of violence by various actors influenced the perception of Nicaraguan immigrants as inherently violent at the turn of the twentieth century, a characterization that affects migration into the contemporary period. Importantly, I argue that Nicaraguans played a critical role in the formation of the modern Costa Rican state in the 1930s and 1940s through their involvement with the Costa Rican Communist Party and the civil war of 1948. I argue that violence, its symbolic and physical manifestations, were not absent in Costa Rica. Costa Rican violence manifested itself in different ways, through repression of labor struggles and opposition groups, the deportation of immigrants and exiles, and war making. Costa Rican violence expressed itself rhetorically against opponents it deemed threats, primarily communists and Nicaraguans, casting them as outsiders of the Costa Rican nation. Costa Ricans have historically defined themselves largely in contrast to Nicaraguans who they stereotyped as violent troublemakers. -
Making and Remaking a Living on the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua
ARCHIV VERNOO no. 1 STARTING ALL OVER AGAIN Making and Remaking a Living on the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua Ronnie Vernooy 31 wAC-Ub STARTING ALL OUR AGAIN Making and Remaking a Living on the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua Ronnie Vernooy STARTING ALL OVER AGAIN Making and Remaking a Living on the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor in de landbouw- en milieuwetenschappen, op gezag van de rector magnificus, dr. H.C. van der Plas, in het openbaar to verdedigen op woensdag 4 november 1992 des namiddags to vier uur in de Aula van de Landbouwuniversiteit to Wageningen U' '_' C> C) Promotor: dr. Norman Long, hoogleraar in de rurale ontwikkel in gsso ciol ogie CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xi 1. "PLEASE COME BACK TO BLUEFIELDS" 1 Introduction 1 Autonomy and the Research and Documentation Center of the Atlantic Coast 4 Research subjects and structure of the thesis 5 Part I: Making a living in the hinterland 6 Part II: Doing business in town 7 Part III: Toward a new understanding of coastal history 9 Theoretical issues 11 The social meaning of policymaking 11 The debate on commoditization 15 Shortcomings 17 Commoditization: the urban context 21 Bluefields and its hinterland 24 Notes 28 PART I: MAKING A LIVING IN THE HINTERLAND 31 2. "STARTING ALL OVER AGAIN": HURRICANE JOAN AND RESPONSES TO THE RECONSTRUCTION PROGRAM 33 Struggling against wind and water 33 Unchained fury: the coming and going of Joan 34 Mud and desolation in the Southern Autonomous Atlantic Region 36 The reconstruction program 37 Starting all -
Libro Muy Útil Para Los Hacenda- Dos, Que Ha Sido Editado Varias Veces Bajo La Firma De Carlos A
Capítulo A Sobre León Al llegar a La Paz Centro encontramos que ya el Gral. Páiz había logrado desalojar al enemigo y éste se retiraba a toda prisa a la ciudad de León. Informado el Comandante General de tal suceso, dispuso que el ejército hiciera alto en La Paz Centro, para reunirse ahí con los ejércitos del Norte y el del Centro, hecho lo cual, se dispuso que ya con su nueva organización la vanguar- dia la tomara las fuerzas del Gral. Juan Pablo Reyes, y las de ese Cuerpo, me dieron la vanguardia a mí para marchar so- bre León. Mi marcha a la ciudad, muchas veces fue interrumpida por comisiones que llegaban del ejército derrotado, para evitar que las fuerzas triunfantes, o sean las del Gral. Zelaya, cntraran a la ciudad. Pero ninguna de esas comisiones tuvieron éxito ante el Comando Supremo y la orden dada antes para mí, fue mante- nida, por lo que seguí adelante hasta ocupar Subtiaba, sin haber choque alguno. Pocas horas después fui ordenado salir para el puerto de El Realejo, en donde según datos que teníamos, sa- lieron a embarcarse los jefes de la Revolución. En esta perse- cución llegué hasta la hacienda "Corcuera" de don Fernando Sánchez, y ahí obtuve datos ciertos de que ese mismo día se ha- bían embarcado dichos jefes para el puerto de La Unión, El Salvador. Antes de terminar este capítulo, quiero dejar constancia de que en Subtiaba conocí, por vez primera al Presbítero Ramón Ignacio Matus, entonces Cura del Templo de aquel barrio, sacer- dote con quien conservé más tarde, estrecha y muy gratas relaciones. -
En Nicaragua, De La Década Del Veinte a 1979 (2014) 323
.ni Antología del pensamiento crítico nicaragüense contemporáneo .ni Antología del pensamiento crítico nicaragüense contemporáneo .ni Antología del pensamiento crítico nicaragüense contemporáneo Coordinadores Juan Pablo Gómez y Camilo Antillón Carlos Fonseca Amador | Jaime Wheelock Román Orlando Núñez Soto | Xabier Gorostiaga | Frances Kinloch Alejandro Serrano Caldera | Andrés Pérez Baltodano José Luis Rocha | Sergio Ramírez | Ileana Rodríguez Erick Blandón | Sofía Montenegro | Victoria González Rivera Myrna Cunningham | María Teresa Blandón Manuel Ortega Hegg | Galio Gurdián Miguel González Pérez | Juliet Hooker | Mario Rizo Antología del pensamiento crítico nicaragüense contemporáneo / Carlos Fonseca... [et al.]; editado por Juan Pablo Gómez; Camilo Antillón Najlis - 1a ed. - Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: CLACSO, 2016. Libro digital, PDF Archivo Digital: descarga y online ISBN 978-987-722-210-4 1. Antología. 2. Nicaragua. 3. Pensamiento Social. I. Fonseca, Carlos II. Gómez, Juan Pablo, ed. III. Antillón Najlis, Camilo, ed. CDD 301 .niColección Antologías del Pensamiento Social Latinoamericano y Caribeño Otros descriptores asignados por CLACSO: Pensamiento Crítico / Intelectuales / Pensamiento Contemporáneo / Pensamiento Social / Nicaragua Antología del pensamiento crítico nicaragüense contemporáneo Coordinadores Juan Pablo Gómez y Camilo Antillón Carlos Fonseca Amador | Jaime Wheelock Román Orlando Núñez Soto | Xabier Gorostiaga | Frances Kinloch Alejandro Serrano Caldera | Andrés Pérez Baltodano José Luis Rocha | Sergio Ramírez -
ARCHIGOS a Data Set on Leaders 1875–2015 Version
ARCHIGOS A Data Set on Leaders 1875{2015 Version 4:1∗ c H. E. Goemans Kristian Skrede Gleditsch Giacomo Chiozza February 29, 2016 ∗We sincerely thank several users and commenters who have spotted errors or mistakes. In particular we would like to thank Jeffrey Arnold, Kirk Bowman, Jinhee Choung, Ursula E. Daxecker, Tanisha Fazal, Belen Gonzalez, Kimuli Kasara, Michaela Mattes, Brett Ashley Leeds, Nicolay Marinov, Won-Ho Park, Sara Polo, Stuart A. Reid, Martin Steinwand, Ronald Suny, Shu Yu and Mike Ward. Contents 1 Codebook 1 2 CASE DESCRIPTIONS 6 2.1 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ...................6 2.2 CANADA ..................................8 2.3 BAHAMAS ................................. 11 2.4 CUBA .................................... 12 2.5 HAITI .................................... 16 2.6 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ....................... 41 2.7 JAMAICA .................................. 83 2.8 TRINIDAD & TOBAGO ......................... 85 2.9 BARBADOS ................................ 86 2.10 MEXICO ................................... 88 2.11 BELIZE ................................... 92 2.12 PROVINCIAS UNIDAS DEL CENTRE DE AMERICA ..... 93 2.13 GUATEMALA ............................... 94 2.14 HONDURAS ................................ 112 2.15 EL SALVADOR .............................. 136 2.16 NICARAGUA ............................... 160 2.17 COSTA RICA ............................... 190 2.18 PANAMA .................................. 212 2.19 COLOMBIA ................................. 222 2.20 VENEZUELA ............................... -
United States Involvement in the Creation and Overthrow of the Somoza Regime
Illinois Wesleyan University Digital Commons @ IWU Honors Projects History Department 5-10-1993 Human Rights and Policy Wrongs: United States Involvement in the Creation and Overthrow of the Somoza Regime Kevin A. Katovich '93 Illinois Wesleyan University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/history_honproj Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Katovich '93, Kevin A., "Human Rights and Policy Wrongs: United States Involvement in the Creation and Overthrow of the Somoza Regime" (1993). Honors Projects. 29. https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/history_honproj/29 This Article is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Commons @ IWU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this material in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This material has been accepted for inclusion by faculty at Illinois Wesleyan University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ©Copyright is owned by the author of this document. HUMAN RIGHTS AND POLICY WRONGS UNITED STATES INVOLVEMENT IN THE CREATION AND OVERTHROW OF THE SOMOZA REGIME Kevin A. Katovich Honors Research Project Under the Direction of W. Michael weis 10 May 1993 1 On the morning of January 10, 1978, Pedro Joaquin Chamorro, the chief opponent to the government of Nicaraguan President Anastasio Garcia Somoza, began his usual drive through the streets of Managua, still ravished from an enormous earthquake six years earlier.