Why U.N. plans for 1IVorid government must be stopped

with authoritative case read the plan of studies of Iraq, Cambodia, • the one-worlders EI Salvador, Somalia, and in their own words the former Yugoslavia , $250

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Make checks payable to: EIR News Service, Inc. p,o, Box 17390 Washington, D,C, 20041-0390 Founder and Contributing Editor: Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. Editor: Nora Hamerman Managing Editors: John Sigerson, Susan Welsh From the Editor Assistant Managing Editor: Ronald Kokinda Editorial Board: Warren Hamerman, Melvin Klenetsky, Antony Papert, Gerald Rose, Edward Spannaus, Nancy Spannaus, Webster Tarpley, s we go to press on June 4, the Schiller Institute of Helga Zepp­ Carol White, Christopher White A Science and Technology: Carol White LaRouche has convened in Bonn, Germany an international confer­ Special Services: Richard Freeman ence dedicated to the theme of "ensuring lasting peace in Europe," Book Editor: Katherine Notley The conference will address head-on the fact that the cruel Serbian Advertising Director: Marsha Freeman Circulation Manager: Stanley Ezrol war of aggression against Bosnia and its other neighbors is occurring

INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORS: in the heart of Europe, and that European civilization is at stake in Agriculture: Marcia Merry that war, The failure to date of western governments to respond Asia: Linda de Hoyos Counterintelligence: Jeffrey Steinberg, adequately to this atrocity in an area formerly under communist rule Paul Goldstein carries a grim augury for the rest of Europe and the world. Economics: Christopher White European Economics: William Engdahl One European nation, Italy, is feeling the effects of the break­ Ibero-America: Robyn Quijano, Dennis Small Law: Edward Spannaus down in a most violent manner. Our cover photograph evokes a Medicine: John Grauerholz, M.D. familiar image of Italy's universal contributions. This view of Flore­ Russia and Eastern Europe: Rachel·Douglas, Konstantin George nce is dominated by the great monuments of the 15th- and 16th­ Special Projects: Mark Burdman century Renaissance. At the photo's center, in front of the battle­ United States: Kathleen Klenetsky ments and high tower of Palazzo Vecchio, run the two long parallel INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS: Bangkok: Pakdee Tanapura, Sophie Tanapura wings of the U-shaped building known as the UfQzi. Once the offices Bogota: Jose Restrepo (uffizi)of the Medici ducal government, and today a world-renowned Bonn: George Gregory, Rainer Apel Copenhagen: Poul Rasmussen art gallery, the Uffizi was ripped by a car-bomb on May 26 which Houston: Harley Schlanger killed five people, ravaged numerous works of art, and nearly blew Lima: Sara Madueiio Melbourne: Don Veitch up some of the greatest Renaissance pictures. Mexico City: Hugo Lopez Ochoa Florence Cathedral's dome, which soars over this vista, was a Milan: Leonardo Servadio New Delhi: Susan Maitra technical and economic feat as well as an artistic one, erected in Paris: Christine Bierre 1420-36 by architect Filippo Brunelleschi, who set out to unseat the Rio de Janeiro: Silvia Palacios Stockholm: Michael Ericson stifling power of the trade guilds by unleashing skilled labor under Washington, D.C.: William Jones the guidance of his irreverent genius. The mathematical secrets Wiesbaden: G6ran Haglund which had been the exclusive property of the guilds he transformed EIR (ISSN 0273-6314) is published weekly (50 issues) into the basis of a future industrial revolution. except for the second week of July, and the last week of December by EIR News Service Inc., 333'1, Italian industrialist Enrico Mattei, the subject of our cover Fea­ Pennsylvania Ave., S.E., 2nd Floor, Washington, DC 20003. (202) 544-7010. For subscriptions: (703) 777· ture, set out to continue what Brunelleschi and his co-thinkers had 9451. begun-to overturn the oligarchy's privileges and lay the basis for EuropeanHeadqutJrlers: Executive Intelligence Review Nachrichtenagentur GmbH, Postfach 2308, rapid industrial growth which would unleash the latent energies of D-6200 Wiesbaden, Otto von Guericke Ring 3, D-6200 Wiesbaden·Nordenstadt, Federal Republic of Germany vast sectors of the population previously oppressed by poverty. Tel: (6122) 9160. Executive Directors: Anno Hellenbroich, Michael Liebig While less familiar than the Florentine skyline, the massive pipelines In Denmark: EIR, Post Box 2613, 2100 Copenhagen 0E, Tel. 35-43 60 40 and refineries of Enrico Mattei's ENI are equally essential to Italy's In Mexico: EIR, Francisco Dr., Covarrubias 54 A-3 identity as a nation, and equally the target of the recent, freemasonic­ Colonia San Rafael, Mexico DF. Tel: 705-\295. JtqHJn subscription saks: O.T.O. Research Corporation, inspired attacks. Takeuchi Bldg., 1·34-12 Takatanobaba, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo 160. Tel: (03) 3208-7821.

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Books Departments Economics

42 Yale historian yearns for 39 Report from Rio 4 Behind Poland's malthusian millennium Indigenous activism on the rise. government crisis: Soros Preparing for the Twenty-First and theIMF Century, by Paul Kennedy . 64 Editorial Since the fall of the communists in On terror. 1989, the Polish government's 47 Conquering autism wins a economic program has followed a crucial victory for the blueprint provided by New York human spirit finapcier George Soros-leading to Nobody Nowhere: The utter disaster. ExtraordinaryAutobiography of an Autistic, by Donna Williams. 6 LaRouche featured in Russianjournal The journalof the Federation of Photo and graphic credits: Cover, Independent Trade Unions of EIRNS/Claudia Annis. Pages 15, Russia carries an article by Prof. 17,21,25,35, EIRNS. Page 24, Taras Muranivsky, "Who is ENl. Page 44, NASA. Pages 54, Lyndon LaRouche?" 56, 57, EIRNS/Philip Ulanowsky. 7 The cultural meaning of the 'derivatives' market Comments from Lyndon LaRouche.

8 Only one way out of Bonn's debt plight

9 Currency Rates

10 New economic plan cOlppoundsIran's woes

11 Agriculture Bovine tuberculosis reappears .

12 Business Briefs Volume20. Number23. June 11. 1993

Feature International National

28 Assassination of cardinal 50 Is the 'Tarnoff doctrine' sends a bloody message now U.S. �trategic policy? Cardinal Juan Jesus Posadas Undersecretary of State for Political Ocampo of Mexico was gunned AffairsPeter Tamoffset offa storm down in Guadalajara. The Salinas of controversy with his description government says he was caught in of aU.S. policy of disengagement the cross-fire in a shootout by drug from world leadership traffickers; the Masons say they had responsibilities. nothing to do with it. Nobody Aorence. Italy. where the ideal of the Necessity of believes either of them. for good 52 Senate Republicans offer Progress was enshrined in the 15th-century Renais­ reason. sance: "Whoever stands still. does not honor freedom bill to end Bosnia embargo and does not do justice." industrialist Enrico Mattei said here in 1961. 31 Bombing in Florence: a 53 Jury convicts a kidnapper terrorist attack against the for hire 14 Enrico Mattei, a historical Renaissance Galen Kelly. a contract kidnapper model for today's crisis The attack on the Uffizi museum associated with the Cult Awareness The thirtieth anniversary ofthe was aimed at.the very heart of Network (CAN). is now facing a tragic death of Enrico Mattei. the Italy's identity as a nation. lengthy prisdn sentence. founder of Italy' s national hydrocarbons company ENI. was 33 Ukraine is becoming a 55 Marian Anderson tribute marked by an international rudderless nation in capital sparking a conference in Milan. The time has Classical renaissance come to open the Mattei file. for the 35 Kosova asks U.S. to An overflow:audience came to pay sake of Italy's future! prevent 'genocide' tribute to the. "voice of the An open letter to President Bill century." 16 Mattei and the rebirth of Clinton from Kosovan Prime Italy Minister and Foreign Minister Dr. 58 New San Francisco ADL By Paolo Vitali of the Schiller Bujar Bukoshi. spy indictments expected Institute. soon 37 Drug legalization again on 19 Is Italy still worthy of the agenda in Colombia 60 Congressional Closeup giants like Mattei? By Dr. Marcello Colitti. the 40 International Intelligence director of Ecofuel (ENI) and the 62 NationailNews author of books about oil and Enrico Mattei.

23 The strategic stakes in Mattei's fight By Nico Perrone. author of the book Mattei. il nemico italiano (Mattei. the Italian Enemy).

26 Thirty years later: Who killed Mattei? By Raffaele Morini. Association of Christian Partisans. Pavia. Italy. �TIillEconolllics

Behind Poland's gov�rnment crisis: Soros and the IMF

by Frank Hahn and William Engdahl

How is it possible that an electrician, who became President the hands of those who want to destroy Poland fromouts ide. through an unusual set of circumstances, could bring an en­ Such forces include: tire nation to the brink of disaster? And what is he doing it • "Project Democracy," those friends of Oliver North, for? For a Mercedes 600, a night in bed with the queen, or who specialize not only in �e arms-for-drugs trade (Iran­ only for a promise to be invited to Henry Kissinger's 80th Contra), but have also beco�e "experts" in the destabiliza­ birthday, ten years from now? tion of regions and nations. These circles play an influential Lech Walesa, who was hailed as a freedom fighterduring role in the privatization of Polish industry-as, for example, the 1980s, has now quietly led a second "revolution" in Po­ the case of Robert Polland, who founded the U.S .-Polish land, making himself the dictator. Over the weekend of May Business Foundation. He conies from "Project Democracy" 29-31, the government of Prime Minister Hanna Suchocka circles and has been trying f�r months to elim inate a large lost a parliamentary vote of no confidence, only to be tempo­ chunk of Polish shipbuilding through privatization. rarily reinstated by Walesa, who simultaneously dissolved • George Soros, that big fishamong the financial sharks, the Parliament, pending new elections in September. who last year not only made � pure profitof $280 million by Walesa's dissolution of the Parliament is part of a coher­ speculation against the Italian lira, but also was responsible ent strategy on the part of himself and his foreign financial for wrecking the European M6netary System, pocketing be­ backers. A series of wage strikes by public teachers and tween $1 and $2 billion in the process (seeEIR, Feb. 5, 1993, hospital workers during May, led by the government-linked "The Spreading Web ofGeoq�eSor os"). Soros is demanding Solidamosc union, was used to create the staged crisis and the destruction of industry irl eastern Europe, and also in to give Walesa the pretext to impose an interim "rule by Russia. The unemployed there are purportedly able to get decree" under Suchocka. Informed Polish sources expect that along on $6 per month, and �is money can supposedly be this interregnum without parliamentary opposition will be easily scratched together in the form charity from the West­ used to force through the privatization of state enterprises on that, in essence, is the so-called Soros Plan. Soros is the real a massive scale, which until now has been politically risky brains behind the so-called "Polish model" of shock therapy, for the government. The period around July, when the gov­ which he introduced back in 1988 with communist govern­ ernment's new value-added tax on all sectors of the economy ment leader Mieczyslaw Rakowski. The dirty workof putting goes into effect, will be critical, as many state sector firms this program into action, whelreby Poland's living standard will become de facto bankrupt through the added tax burden, was cut in half, was left by the communists to the govern­ while the government has exempted privatized firms from ments of the post-communist era, startingwi th Tadeusz Ma- taxation for periods up to fiveyears . zowiecki in 1989. I The imposition of such dictatorial "rule by decree" in Poland, is to be the model for the rest of easternEurope and The deindustrializationiof Poland Russia. The entire course of Poli�h economic policy since the Walesa himself is just acting as a pawn, an instrument in 1989 power-sharing agreement of the so-called Roundtable

4 Economics EIR June 11, 1993 Talks between the communist regime and the opposition has Careful observers of the Warsaw!situation point out that followed a blueprint outlined by Soros. According to knowl­ the establishment of the "Walesa Dik:tatorship" is intended edgeable reports from Poland, Soros, through his Stefan Ba­ to lead, in the next three to four mon�hs, to pushing through torj Foundation in Warsaw, held secret talks with the commu­ the privatization program and the 4estruction of the coal nist Rakowski government, together with the Solidarnosc industry without any parliamentary opposition. "opposition." The result was a plan for the privatization of This is the context in which thq strikes must be seen, Polish state-owned enterprises. Under the plan, the govern­ which W alesa' s pals at Solidamosc latmched at the beginning ment would set about to deliberately load state enterprises of May. The strikers did not put fo tward any political de­ with huge, unpayable debt, with 100% or more levels of mands, but were just seeking higher wages, which is unreal­ interest, combined with added tax burdens. The "bankrupt" istic without a fundamental change in economic policy. This firms would then be put onto the international auction block necessarily led to a confrontation with the government, and to be sold for a small fraction of their true value to western eventually to its collapse. All of this was planned, in order investors, where there would be no restrictions on layoffs or to push through the current dictator!lhip. Now, Solidamosc the breakup of companies. is threatening to call a general strike. The chairman of Sol­ In 1989, Soros introducedhis friend, Harvard"sh ockthera­ idamosc, Marian Krzaklewski, is anjoutspoken supporterof py" economist Jeffrey Sachs, to advise the Polish government, the IMF. in order to give the entire looting scheme the aura of credibility The situation in Poland is particularly ominous in view and economic "professionalism." Subsequently, multinational of the fact that the same tendency toward emergency rule can agencies including theInternational MonetaryFund (IMF) and be observed throughout easternEuro pe-especially Hungary the World Bank have beenbrought in to furtherthis privatiza­ and Ukraine, as well as Russia itselfJ tion scheme. World Bank officialswe re given full access to the It is also important to take into account that the desperate most sensitive information on the entire Polish coal-mining economic situation in Silesia is being used by various groups sector over the past two years, including wage levels, working that are demanding either autonomy for Silesia, or direct . conditions, and the status of technology. annexation to Germany. Trade unionists from the Silesia coal Now the IMF and World Bank are demanding, based mines are already talking about how: Silesia could become a on this information, that the government shut down large second Yugoslavia. Along with the threatened explosion in portions of profitable, high-quality coal mining, at the same Russia, a domino effect could occur, threatening to plunge time that they are demanding "openness" from the govern­ not only eastern Europe, but also western Europe, into a ment to foreign imports. maelstrom of violence and civil wat, as the destabilization of Italy and Germany is rapidly escalating. 'Worse than Stalinism' The core of the IMF-mandated shock therapy is privatiza­ Policy alternatives discussed; tion, which amounts to a mechanism for laundering drug There are alternatives to this horror scenario. In Poland money and exploiting healthy enterprises in order to use the itself, the independent trade union Scblidamosc 80, as well as speculative profits fromthat to prop up the western financial the "industry lobby," are fighting fdr an economic program system. "In Poland, we call this 'thief's steel,' .. said an aide based on construction projects. At .he end of May, the au­ to one senator, who had fought in the underground against thors, representing the Schiller Institute, addressed a confer­ the communists. ence of Solidamosc 80 in the villag� of Pogorzelica, on the Professor Balcerek from Warsaw, whom nobody could Baltic Sea. accuse of sympathy with the communists, said it bluntly: Frank Hahn told the group that it will be necessary to "The forced privatization is worse than Stalinism; Stalin at save Poland from outside, since it is being destroyed from least built something!" outside. He presented Lyndon LaRouche's program for a In the coming months, a great blow is to be struck against Eurasian economic recovery, centered around the concept of the still-existing state enterprises. If these businesses in the a Paris-Berlin-Vienna Productive Triangle. areas of optics, electronics, airplane construction, steel, and William Engdahl analyzed the! privatization program, shipbuilding are liquidated in forced privatizations, then Po­ comparing it to that of the Margaret rrhatcher governmentin land will effectively cease to exist as a nation. Britain, and showing what a disaste� it has been wherever it An example from the coal industry: The Polish govern­ has been implemented. "In the MelCican maquiladoras." he ment has decided, at the behest of the IMF and World Bank, said, "300 textile companies went bankrupt, because of to cut its coal exports in half in two to three years, to lay off cheap textile imports from China!" In the United States, he 180,000 workers, and to shut down 50-70 mines-and even explained, the current economic crisis was created by exactly to flood some of them. Now Poland is beginning to import the same radical free-market ideology, which repudiated the coal from Australia, which is cheaper than transporting do­ American System of political econCi)my upon which the na­ mestic pit coal from Silesia to the port at Gdansk! tion's industrial strength was built. i

EIR June 11, 1993 Economics 5 contrast, Muranivsky argues that "the negative, contradicto­ ry Soviet experience of comm�nd management of the econo­ my does not mean that the economy needs no management LaRouche featured at all." He cites the postwar recovery programs of Germany, France, and Japan, as variatiqns on the theme of "physical in Russianjournal economy, which views economic processes as inseparable from technological growth and the growth of labor produc­ tivity." by Rachel Douglas Muranivsky notes LaRou¢he's comments on the priva­ tization of the water supply iJn Britain, one of the alleged The May-June issue of ProJsoyuzy i Ekonomika (Trade successes ofThatcherism, whi�h led to a breakdown in public Unions and Economics), the bimonthly of the Federation sanitation, and the threat of e�demics. of Independent Trade Unions of Russia, carries a five-page Reporting that the president of the Schiller Institute in article by Professor T. Muranivsky entitled "Who is Lyndon Germany, Helga Zepp-LaRouche, considers her husband a LaRouche?" Included in the publication is the text of a letter political prisoner, Muranivsky explains why: "Lyndon sent by several Moscow professors, grouped around the jour­ LaRouche has run for President as an independent Democrat. nal, to President Bill Clinton's science and technology advis­ . . . He severely criticized th¢ domestic and foreign policy er, Dr. John Gibbons, in which they request a presidential of the Reagan-Bush administ�ations. Schiller Institute spe­ pardon of LaRouche. cialists expose the activity of; the IMF, as 'a policeman to ProJsoyuzy i Ekonomika circulates to nearly 50,000 read­ collect debts from Latin Amtlrican countries, for the U. S. ers. Professor Muranivsky is a member of its editorial board. banks.' " The article on LaRouche is subtitled "How an American While court documents show that LaRouche was formal­ scientist already in the 1980s proposed an alternative to the ly charged with and convicted of conspiracy, "for violation 'free market.' " Muranivsky quotes sources ranging from of financial discipline," Murlmivsky writes, ProJsoyuzy i Russian author Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn to the Financial Ekonomika editorial board members have read the statements Times of London, on what a disaster has come from "reforms, of LaRouche's attorneys Ramsey Clark, the former U.S. with the goal of transition to the so-called 'free market,' attorney general, and Odin Anderson, "who see violations imposed on Russia by a group of foreign experts under the of human rights." He adds, "4aRouche's lawyers have sub­ aegis of the International Monetary Fund" (IMF). Today, mitted to the federal court a p¢tition longer than 100 pages, anybody who opposes the reforms carried out so far "is brand­ with six volumes appended of newly discovered documents, ed a conservative or an enemy of reform," says Muranivsky, kept secret during the investig.tion." which he calls a "purely Bolshevik approach." Muranivsky reports that froJsoyuzy i Ekonomika re­ ceived permission to intervie� LaRouche in prison, and that The LaRouche approach to economics the resulting interview will be published in subsequent issues "Any reform is based on certain theoretical and ideologi­ of the journal. cal tenets," writes Muranivsky. "The theoretical basis of the reforms carried out in Russia was the 'free market' ideology Professors call for LaRQuche's freedom of Adam Smith, in its contemporary interpretation by the In his article, Professor M�ranivsky also includes the full American professor Milton Friedman. It is presented to us as text of a letter on the LaRouche case, sent by "a group of the only true and tested way. But this is not the case. There Russian scientists and public f;gures"to Dr. John Gibbons, exist the economic researches of the American economist U.S. President Bill Clinton's ,adviser on science and tech­ Lyndon LaRouche, which bring in new approaches to eco­ nology. nomics." The letter begins, "Dear oolleague." The writers recall Muranivsky cites the LaRouche book, available in Rus­ that "during the years of total�tarianism, many scientists in sian, So, You Wish to Learn All About Economics?, and our country suffered no few unjust persecutions, imprison­ the Schiller Institute's critical analysis of IMF policies, as ment, and exile," among them Dr. Andrei Sakharov, "in sources from which to learnabout the LaRouche approach, whose defense many scientists from your country spoke out." or physical economy. "The so-called 'free market It is "contradictory," the professors say, to hear that the economy,' " he quotes the Schiller Institute material, "is a United States supports human rights in countries all over the myth. It never existed anywhere, nor will it. This myth is world, while at the same timtl there are reports "about the used for the purpose of destabilizing and destroying sover­ violation of those rights in thj! United States itself, where eign states, in order to tum their economies into a mix of people behind bars include sci¢ntists and public figures con­ speCUlative and criminal elements, dominated by foreign demned because of their politic�l convictions." For example, companies, including the international narcoticsmafia ." By "the entire world knows that the prominent economist and

6 Economics EIR June 11, 1993 public figure , 70-year-old Lyndon LaRouche, is in his fifth the useful humanitarian, anti-totalitarian, and anti-fascist ac­ year of confinement in prison in Rochester, Minnesota, due tivity of the Schiller Institute, which he created, through its to judicial tyranny." publications, scientific conference I , and seminars." They The letter contrasts the "officialversion ," that LaRouche note the resonance of LaRouche's ph 'Iosophical and econom­ was guilty of financial infractions, with "the more than a ic conceptions with the best Russian scientists of the past, thousand lawyers and hundreds of parliamentarians," among such as Dmitri Mendeleyev and VlatlimirVerna dsky. others, who have "condemned the trial as a violation of jus­ "We join the international coalJtion for the freedom of tice, and advance convincing facts and arguments to show LaRouche," they conclude, "and e urgently ask you to that the case against LaRouche was fabricated, since in reali­ launch an initiative on the need for a presidential pardon of ty he was condemned for political reasons." Lyndon LaRouche and other political prisoners in the U. S. A. The Russian writers express their familiarity with Such a noble gesture would meet wi h fu ll understanding and LaRouche's criticism of the Bush administration, "but also broad approval , all over the world" 1 I through slave-labor projects, such 2$ those in Hainan, or the enterprise zones, where Chinese are being gobbled up The cultural meaningof in Auschwitz-like patterns.

the 'derivatives'market Destruction of the labor for4 e Now look al the United States nd Europe. Think of Economistand politicalprisoner Lyndon L aRouchem ade what has happened at the universi ies .... Think of a the followingcomments on May23 : Stanford University where it is no longer obligatory to compel students to masterthe work of "dead white Euro­ If you were a visitor from another solar system looking at pean males," where the education I program would re­ Earth and looking at the situation here, and taking into duce the planet to a network of zoopgical theme parks of account derivatives, would you advise anyone to invest kookcultures, in place of a culture f the typewhich built in this planet? this planet. I think the answer would be, on first impression: No. The people coming out of college in these kinds of The significance of the derivatives, is the fact that they programs, are not fit to manage a ything; and already, can be tolerated. The fact that they are tolerated in the the management of corporations i! below the quality of way they are tolerated, in the way they are discussed in managers of corporations in the arne positions in the the financial community, indicates that no one in their 1970s and 1960s. They are utterly ·ncompetent. The uni­ right mindwould invest in this planet, as long as the kind versities are incompetent, the edu ational system is in­ of thinking behind derivatives is hegemonic. competent, and increasingly so. What arederivatives? It's risk management. It's called Would you want to hire any lab)r� of this type? capital. What kind of capital? Is it industrial capital? No, Now look at the labor force. hat are their mental absolutely not. Rather, it is a manner of participating in a habits? What are the ir technologic potentials? The only bubble which sustains itselfby taxing the real economy, thing you can do, is scrape from a . und the edges of the

by sucking the life's blood out of it as premiums.to pay labor force, and get a few people ho are still educable, these charges on risk management. Becausejt is the net put them through an apprentic e and then . . prrgram, hire charges on risk management, as against risk, that is the as some German firms are . them. , d�i�g. . . basis ofthe system. In order to have a charge which ex­ The Americanpeople arenow . b ingforced to compete ceeds the risk, you must extract that relative amount from with Chinese labor by being reduce culturallyto the level the real economy. of Chinese rural labor forced into:slave-Iabor camps by Where does it come from? It comes from not main­ reducing their wages. taining infrastructure, water systems, and so forth. It We are now in the process of ll.i1ling off old people comes from not maintaining industrial capacity; it comes because they cost too much. It's aIled "reform" in the from shutting down a plant in order to get something health-care program.We are killir g off the sick and the cheaper, presumably, from a cheap-laborarea in a foreign lame because it costs too much to reat them, in order to country. It means looting of eastern Europe. It means save money so we can distributebar daids to the survivors. looting the former Soviet Union. It means looting China That is what this derivatives m

,

EIR June II, 1993 Economics 7 and municipal governments" gIVlDg a total new debt of DM 190 billion-70% of domestic savings. The total debt, though, is higher. At the cited technical conference in Bonn it was figured at a minimum of DM 2.3 trillion by the end of 1995 ("interpretingthe present progno­ Only one way out of ses benevolently") a debt ratio of 61 % of GDP. What these figures still fail to reckon with is the recession, which leads Bonn's debt plight to exploding social costs and tax revenue drops. In the next three years, conservatively, a DM 100 billion fall in tax reve­ nues can be expected. by Volker Hassmann and EIR Staff There is also a negative shift in financial flows. The mas­ sive capital transfer into the new states, which mainly went "The Keynesian demand-side program 'German Unity' has into consumption and not capital investment, turnedGerma­ fizzledout , the consolidation of national finances will be in ny into a net capital importer. In 1989-90, DM 80 billion the foreground for the rest of the decade." Nothing could were still being invested abroad, but in 1992 domestic sav­ better describe the dilemma of internal German economic ings did not cover the cost of investments at home. A and financial policy than this upshot from the conjunctural DM 45 .6 billion gap had to be filled from foreign sources. expert of the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW) The austerity-based "Solidarity Pact" which the trade Dr. Heiner Flassbeck, at a technical conference of theSoci al unions signed last year is more or less a dead letter. Chancel­ Democratic-linked Friedrich Ebert Foundation last Novem­ lor Helmut Kohl has taken the financial policy reins in hand ber entitled "Financing German Unity." As with all programs himself, and Waigel announ¢ed details of the program, of this sort, what is burning here is only a straw fire, the which among other things projects deep cuts in social spend­ smoke of which makes people temporarily forget the eco­ ing to the tune of DM 20 billiQn. When this packet is over­ nomic catastrophe in the new states. The necessary targeted hauled, the deficitis expected tp be held to the present level. investment buildup for overall infrastructural development According to Waigel, this means goodbye to risingeconomic and setting up a sound small and middle-sized industrial expectations. sector remain remote. Western Germany finds itself in the When a governmentis forced to constantly revise upward worst recession since 1945, and the reigning economic wis­ its payments to the exploding national debt and the growing dom consists of plugging holes in the budget. Any initiative public deficit, normally the opposition's day hascome . In­ for real economic development is stifled with the question: deed, pamphlets with speeclles from Social Democratic Where will the money come from? think -tank conferences are stre�ming to editors' desks. In the Economic policy in Bonn is in shambles. The mass of last months there have been some sensible proposals from national debt is growing daily. The latest Bavarian state cen­ Social Democrats seeking altetnative approaches to the re­ tral bank estimates, often taken as a forecast, are running building of the eastern Germ�n economy, such as former toward a total debt at the end of 1993 of DM 1,670 billion Labor Minister Ehrenberg's idea of a DM 100 billion infra­ or 55% of gross domestic product. Federal Germany's new structure program. The proble"lis financing. Under freemar­ debt is supposed to climb to DM 80 billion, double what ket liberal economic ideology no one dared violate the taboo Finance Minister Theo Waigel had planned. against a return to creation of productive state credits, and the experts of the Friedrich Ebert Foundation foundered on Piled up debts the same shoals. The real public debt burden becomes clear only when off­ budget spending and the extraordinary budgets are figured Disappointing balance in, such as: special reconstruction grants; the German Unity The peculiar dynamic of theiGermaneconomic crisislies , Fund; development credit funds like the Treuhand (the according to Dr. Flassbeck, in! the fact that more and more agency set up for converting the East German companies); westerninvestors are pulling out from the east. In the "histori­ rail, postal system, and the national development banks; and cally unique situation, that an economy shaken to the core the cheap credit programs of the Credit Institution for Recon­ like the east German one became an 'annex' to the west struction, the German Settlements Bank, and the Berlin In­ German economy, we can hardly afford a recession such as dustrial Bank. Besides these kitties are the indemnity funds those we have experiencedth� times in the past 40 years." (compensation for confiscations in the former German Dem­ The much-discussed wage gap can, in Flassbeck's view, ocratic Republic) and a railroad fund (old debt from the feder­ only be overcome if total per [Capita investment is heavily al rail system and the Reichsbahn). The strain on the capital increased. What is key is not t�e level of wages in the east, markets for these is reckoned at DM 120 billion for 1992 but wages relative to output; la1!>or costs go down as produc­ plus DM 70 billion net credits received from federal, state, tivity goes up. Since investmeetts are too low, productivity

8 Economics EIR June 11, 1993 is limping so badly that, despite massive freeing-up of man­ power, the wage bill in the east is climbing much faster than urr in the west. C ency Rate. Dr. Dieter Vesper from the same Berlin institute referred to the classic dilemma of liberal monetarist policy. National The dollar in deutschemarks revenues drop in the crisis, and spending needs grow, and New York late afternoonflxlnl the financial gap widens. Programs for cranking up the real 1.70 economy with governmentinvestments , which then raise the I public deficit, fall victim to the credo of limiting the deficit. 1.60 .-...... � Vesper pointed out that cuts in social spending and public -- investment are most counterproductive in economic hard 1.50 times, when a policy of support for labor must be deployed against the conjuncture. Public infrastructure, he added, not 1.40 only stimulates private sector growth, but brings its own benefitsin production and employment. 1.30 ! For easternGerman transport routes alone some DM 185 4114 4Il1 4Il8 SIS Sl12 5/19 5/26 billion needs to be spent. An energetic buildup of private The dollar in yen economic and public capital stock in the east, estimates one New York lateafte rnoonflxlnl economist, means an order of scale of over DM 2 trillion, DM 500 billion of it just for state-financed infrastructure 140 I (transport, energy, communications, housing, etc.). 130 Deficit spending or state credit creation? Within prevailing market-economy logic a paradox en­ 120 ters when it comes to financingall these desirable programs. I 110 '- Expansive financialpolici es, hence state investments, which ...... build up a conjuncture-conditioned deficit, cannot be enacted , 100 because of the dictates of the tight-money austerity policy. 4114 4Il1 4Il8 SIS SI� 5/19 This contradiction lies behind the ultimate senselessness of ! "conjunctural programs" and "stimulus packets," which are The British pound in dollars supposed to be offset by the harshest austerity policies. New York late afternoon fIxinK Now the trend is toward financing minimal necessary i investment needs in the new states through tax and rate hikes. 1.70 Cologne financial scholar Professor Dr. Marckscheidt em­ 1.60 phasizes rightly that "state debt is something thoroughly posi­ r::;;;: " '- -...... tive, namely the evidence that the state has carried out public I.SO � .. investments and hence has produced public wealth, of which I! the future can make use." But since 1990, the state has pro­ 1.40 I duced only "wealth for the present," i.e., consumption­ , oriented payment transfers to the east, defrayed by tax in­ 1.30 creases. So now, the deficitfinancing hasto be stoppedand 4114 4Il1 4Il8 SIS Sl19 5/26 compensated for by fiscal financing-which boils down to The dollar in Swiss francs figuring Qutwhich new taxes and spending cuts can be sold New York lateafte rnoon flxllII to the voters. All these considerations, whether from the regime or 1.60 the opposition, block out the main point: that the massive infrastructure investments, which are surely needed, must 1.50 ! be launched by state creation of productive credits via the li - I-"-� -- ...... regulated issuance of notes by a national banking system. As 1.40 --� ! long as these credits are directed exclusively into real physi­ I cal wealth production, they are not inflationary, because the 1.30 resultant growth will generate rising tax revenues. A third i 1.20 way between "deficitspending" and state credit creation does 4114 4Il1 4Il8 SIS � 5/19 S/26 not exist.

EIR June 11, 1993 Economics 9 I the economy, has failed miser.bly to reduce the country's reliance on oil revenue and ha$ not done much to promote industrial exports. In its recently announced new five-year plan, Teheran has decided to press ahead with i�s free-market reforms which New economic plan aim to give the private sector aibigger role. Leaders in Iran are failing to take notice of the �estruction of the economies of the easternEuropean countri4s and the virtual social anar­ compounds Iran's woes chy which persists in those countries, as a result of their futile attempts to remedy their econj.>mic ills by embracing the by Adam K. East western-prescribed free-market reforms. The new plan, which covers 1994-99, containsihuge cuts in the civil service In the 1970s, the Shah promised a "new civilization" for the and calls for reduction of subsi�es. Iranians. He envisioned Iran to be in the same class as the Under this plan, banks will be allowed to decide on loan so-called developed countries by the end of the century. But requests from the private or publlic sector solely on technical due to the utter failure of his own economic policies and grounds, ending the existing poltcy of discrimination in favor subjected to the West's policy of "technological apartheid," of state enterprises; the civil �rvice will be reduced; the the monarch was swept away in the violent storm of the governmentwill continue sellin, industries; fuel, electricity, British Petroleum-sponsored Islamic Revolution. and water prices will rise gradpally; and subsidies will be Along came Ayatollah Khomeini and his "Islamic ideas." reduced. i The clergy believed that the ideas ofeconomic development, The Supreme Council of E�onomy, which is the author such as industrialization or the expansion of the oil industry, of the new five-year plan, has al�o decided that in the second were part of the "Great Satan's" campaign aimed at destroy­ plan the government would mejet its general budget by tax ing their "Islamic Revolution." revenue and spend the oil revenqe on infrastructural projects. This resulted in the mass exodus of thousands of profes­ This would mean that the goverQment will have to raise taxes sionals such as doctors, engineers, and the intelligentsia. Iran drastically in order to achieve !this goal, since oil exports was taken back to the age of medieval barbarity. The hard­ provide more than 66% of govqrnmentrevenue while taxes core Khomeini-ites also believed that "true Muslims" did not account for only 23%. need any luxuries such as furniture or refrigerators, which Also, in its efforts to imita�e the farce better known as resulted in the shutting down of factories and the loss of the "Chinese economic miracl�," Iran recently announced thousands of jobs throughout the country. This is just a the opening of a second free trad� zone in the easternprovince glimpse of what the country's economy went through during of Kerman. Iran's other free tr.de zone is on the Island of the early phases of the revolution. Qeshm, located a few miles off�horefrom Bandar Abbas. Shortly after, Iran fought a bloody and senseless war with I Iraq for eight years, which caused a loss to the economy of Population control measures $309 billion in the firstfive years alone. The highly destruc­ Bowing to international pre�sure or perhaps moving to­ tive war, which gutted the economies of both countries, was ward the "China model," the Jranian Parliament (Majlis) run and sponsored at both ends by the masters of geopolitics recently passed an outrageous piece of legislation granting based in London and Washington. special governmentbenefits onl t to the firstthree children of After Khomeini' s death in 1989, which weakened the a family. The bill asks Iranian upiversities to include "popu­ role of the hardliners in the government, Hashemi Rafsan­ lation control and family plan�ing" in their curricula, and jani, known for his moderate views, was elected President. encourages journalists, filmmak�rs, and artists to "tackle the By now the popUlation of the country was tired of the priva­ issue" in their work. Although ijt is not known yet when the tions of war and was reluctant to continue sacrificingfor the bill will take effect, it nonethel¢ss stands in clear violation "revolution." of Islamic teachings and is unprejcedentedin all of the Middle East countries. Iran, which has �out three times the territory The new five-year plan of Germany, has a population of only 57 million people. Rafsanjani, in his attempt to reconstruct the economy, The Islamic Republic, whicl1is targeted for depopulation which still had not recovered from the ravages of the Islamic and destruction by the Anglo-J\lmericans and their partners Revolution and the devastation of the war with Iraq, an­ in crime among the French and German governments, seems nounced his first five-year economic development plan for to have its priorities mixed u�. Given the overwhelming 1989-94. During this period Iran also announced its policy efforts by the West to isolate Iral1,the Islamic regime should of "economic reform" and "privatization." But up to now, keep in mind that there is nothiqg "Islamic" about austerity, the first five-year plan, which has loosened state control on forced birth control, or the explQitation of slave labor.

10 Economics EIR June 11, 1993 Agriculture by Marcia Merry

Bovine tuberculosis reappears of this century, i� that when an infect­ Free trade and infrastructurebreakdown in the U.S. fo od chain ed herd was ideqtified, the cattleman was asked by the USDA Animal and now show up in diseased animals. Plant Health Ins�ection Service to ei­ ther destroy or iSolate the herd. Gov­ ernment money !was available to the cattleman to compensate him for his losses. Now that;funding has been re­ Bovine tuberculosis, the disease of among midwestern slaughterhouse duced. cattle analagous to tuberculosis workers. In the past, typically 12 infected among humans, was all but wiped out Recent outbreaks of the cattle dis­ herds were identified nationwide per in the United States as of the 1970s. ease have occurred in several states, year, but now that. number is rising The rate of infection declined froman but the concentration is in the South­ alarmingly. estimated 5% of the national cattle in­ west, in the vicinity of the Mexican The latest outbreak that has veteri­ ventory carrying the disease in 1917, border. The rate of disease is also ris­ nary epidemiolQgists worried is in when a federal eradication program ing among captive herds of elk and Kames County, Texas, hundreds of began, down to 0.5% of the cattle in­ deer in Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado, miles inland from EI Paso, which is ventory affected as of the early 1980s. Montana, Idaho, Nebraska, and cer­ on the U.S.-Mexican border, and the But now that is changing. Both myco­ tain eastern states. site of the only reCent serious outbreak bacterium bovis (cattle) and mycobac­ Veterinarian Robert Hillman, in Texas in recent times. In May, 86 terium tuberculosis (human) are on chairman of the TB committee of the dairy cows in KltnesCounty were di­ the increase. U.S. Animal Health Association, agnosed with �cobacterium bovis. Over the decade of the 1980s, calls the resurgence of the disease How did it get �re? which saw the advent of free trade and "dramatic." In statements to the Kan­ Terry Beals, ;executive director of the l�tdown in animal disease surveil­ sas City Star in May, Hillman said, the Texas Animal Health Commis­ lance and meat inspection, bovine tu­ "The Mexican free trade agreement is sion, stated, "We intend to treat this berculosis staged a comeback. The a very big consideration. It is vital that as a very high priority. " The diseased number of beef carcasses showing up trade agreements and procedures for animals are part of a larger herd of 250 with evidence ofTB at U.S. slaughter­ entry be based on sound scientific cows, which has been quarantined in­ houses soared from a yearly average data, not on somebody's whim and definitely. State authorities have sent of 120 in the 1970s, up to 266 in 1988, not because someone can make some in two epidemiologists to Kames then 293 in 1991, and 613 in 1992. money doing this. " County to track !down how the cattle TB-infected carcasses are being In recent years, there has been an may have become infected. reported now at a higher rate of detec­ increase of both slaughtered and on­ Last year, Beals expressed alarm tion than ever found by the U.S. De­ the-hoof beef coming into the United about the consequences of importing partment of Agriculture, since the States. Officially, the cattle crossing potentially infe¢ted Mexican steers founding of its slaughter surveillance borders are supposed to be tested and into Texas. program. travelling with paperwork document­ Some other �tates, previously list­ The hazard of the cattle disease ing that they are tuberculosis free. ed as free ofbov�ne tuberculosis, have includes its potential transmission to However, in May, Billy D. Johnson, now been recla$sified by the USDA humans. People can contract the dis­ an officialof the U.S. Department of because of new <>utbreaks of the dis­ ease through the air, milk, or meat. Agriculture (USDA), spoke of reports ease. Prior to January 1992, there Transmission is highly unlikely as that counterfeit TB documents are for were 40 states listed as free of bovine long as milk is pasteurized, and meat sale. TB, but last year New York and Penn­ is inspected and handled properly. A second reason for the bovine TB sylvania, both leading dairy-produc­ However, the more the disease is resurgence, cited by Dr. Hillman, is ing states, lost t�at status. prevalent in cattle herds, the more the the reduction of government aid to Last year, tJte USDA asked the possibility it can be spread to humans. cattlemen to eradicate the disease. National Acad�my of Sciences to Over the past year there has been an The main way that TB has been study federal er�dication efforts, and alarming increase in incidence of TB successfully fought over past decades the report is duelfor release this year.

EIR June 11, 1993 Economics 11 Business Briefs

Investment states that have so far felt compelledto main­ findingof last year, that 10 banks in the City of tain themselves in good standing with the IMF, London ad;ounted for 43 % of the $300 billion Venezuelan industrialist have been brought into a dependency on for­ daily foreign exchange turnover in Britain. wants focus on production eign aid that covers 50% and more of theirre­ That mean$ that 10 London banks account for spective national state budgets. This situation 18% ofthe$880 billion daily currencytrading is a form of neo-colonialism, the report in the entire world. Jorge Redmond, presidentof Corpoindustria, warned. the Venezuelan association of large manufac­ turers, called for focusing the credit system to favor industry and production, in statements in Russia Caracas in late May. He called for "reformu­ Labor lating the financial system, since now the Aeros ace industry to banks absorb the deposits of the pUblic, and Union asks givebacks p don't lend them out, because of high interest propo�e restructuring rates." to keep Northwest afloat I Redmond said that, "in fact, many banks The Russian aerospace and defense sector, have ceased being financial intermediaries, In a grim reminder of what happens to trade­ which inch./desresearch laboratories aswell as which has created distortionin the market, and union bargaining in a depression, the Interna­ industrial ptoduction facilities, will proposeto therefore I think the banks must regain their tional Brotherhood of Teamsters has asked the Russian President Boris Yeltsin that it be re­ roots as lenders of money and not keep making 9,000 flight attendants it represents among structured,Aviation Week reportedthe week of speculative investments with money that Northwest Airline's 45;000 employees to ac­ May 24. Aerospace unemployment in Russia doesn't belong to them." cept $900 millionin pay and vacation cuts over rivals that qfthe collapsing aerospaceindustry The economy needs two things, he said, the next three years as partof an attempt to keep in the Uni�d States. "confidence and industry. Through the appli­ the company afloat. Ballots on approving the In a bid to garnermore foreign contracts, cation of knowledge and technology, industry agreement, negotiated by the mT and the air­ a number of the design bureaus will propose emerges as the only tool that can provide op­ line's largest union, the International Associa­ that there � a consolidation of major facilities portunityfor growing employment." He called tion of Machinists, were mailed out on May on a regiorial basis, and that business could for investing in research and development in­ 27. All six of the airline's unions must ratify include "m<>re formal use of the U.S. dollar." dispensablefor the creationof new productsin the deal for it to take effect. The plan hIlS beendevised by German Zagai­ the future. Northwest Airlines has laid off over3 ,000 nov, who heads the Central Aero-Hydrody­ workers and lost $9 billion during the last three namics Instiitute, which is the world's largest years. In return forthe union concessions, the research facility. company would give them ownership of 30% A viatiou Week also reported that Chinese Development of the company and repay the lost wages in use of the iqstitute' s facilities is growing very stockat the end of 10 years-ifiC s still around. fast and that the Russians are actively tryingto German minister tells market theiraircraft in China. Africa: no Marshall Plan Currency Trading Concluding a four-day tour of West African Foreign Assistance countries on May 22, German Foreign Minis­ London bankers fear ter Klaus Kinkel said in Abidjan, Ivory Coast Japan to resume that he saw "no chance for any such thing as a revolt over speculation Marshall Plan for Africa . . . because all in­ yen loains to Iran dustrialized nations that would have to support "Foreign exchange managers ought to be it, are faced with enough problems of their boasting of success" of multibillion-dollar Japan is to J:'I:sumeyen loans of up to 38 .6 bil­ own." profits from currency trading operations "all lion yen ($360 million) to Iran,the first such Kinkel recommended that rather than over London. But they are not. One reason is loans since 1976, a Foreign Ministry official counting on help from outside, the Africans that the banksare all tooaware of the contempt said on May 29. The untied loans will carry should develop on the basis of their own poten­ the public has for what are deemed to be the an interest tate of 3% a year over a 25-year tials. (Kinkel did not suggest that these nations profits of speculation. The danger is that the repaymentperiod, with a grace periodof seven should break relations with the International central banks might harness the angry public years. The f¥ndsare tobe used to build a hydro­ Monetary Fund, but that would be their only mood to try and regulate the market," the May electric power station on the Karun River in chance to mobilize their own resources.) 26 London Financial Times reported. southernIran . The Organization of African Unity (OAU) CorrespondentJames Blitz, in a survey of In 1990j Iran reversed a policy of not bor­ has just reported in this context that African foreign exchange, repeatsthe Bank of England rowingabropd and began to seek foreign loans.

12 Economics EIR June 11, 1993 B:rilifly

• CAPITAL investment needs for U . S. waste-water treatment facilities is $110.6 billion, Robert L. Bowen, That year Teheran fonnally asked Tokyo for Soviet republics will fall from75 million tons vice chainna�of the Municipal Utilit­ billions of dollarsin low-interestloans to build to less than 60 million tons. Since Russia ur­ ies Division pf the Asssociated Gen­ adam . gently needs hard currency, supplies outside eral Contractors of America, told a Japan's decision to resumelending comes the rublewne will beaccounted in world mar­ House subcommittee on May II. He amid reportsthat the Clinton administration is ket prices. stated that every $1 billion so spent demanding that major trading partners with According to the wnw report, Ukraine creates nearly 50,000jobs . Iran impose acredit and exportboycott topre­ will have to spend more than $10 billion for vent it from"becoming a substantial threat to Russian oil and natural gas. The main conflict • ESTONIA is buying weapons Western interests," the May 27 Washington of interest between thetwo countries however from Israel in order to enable the Postreported.According to administration of­ derives from the fact that their bilateral trade country to "adopt NATO standards" ficials, the top prioritiesare efforts to convince volume shrank to 50% of the 1989 level. Suc­ and end its dependency on "Russian China and Russia to cancel deals to provide cessful economic refonns in Russia and armaments," Reuters reported on Iran with weaponsand nuclearreactors , and to Ukraine dependon stable political conditions, May 25 . Israel has reportedly offered persuade Japan, Gennany, and Britain to cut the report concludes, and therefore the eco­ Estonia a $50 million loan to buy au­ offloans. nomic crisis in both countries will be further tomatic pistQls and Stinger missiles This campaign could also be aimed at aggravated in 1994. for its Anny. weakening the Gennan and Japanese econo­ mies, especiallyGennany , which is Iran 's big­ • THE ISRAELI government, in a gest western trade partner. This plan is sug­ first step to privatizing its major gested by the Australian Zionist Martin Research and Development banks, on May 27 sold 20% of its Indyck, the senior directorfor Middle East pol­ shares in Bank Hapoalim, the na­ icy for the National Security Council. Ac­ NASA to join bio-industry tion's largest bank. Earlier in May it cording to Indyck, if the United States fails in approved s�ctural refonnsdesigned its efforts to modify "Iranian behavior," five in fight against AIDS to strengthen competition, reduce yearsfrom now "Iran will be muchmore capa­ banks' contr!)1over other sectors, and ble of posinga realthreat to Israel and to west­ The National Aeronauticsand Space Adminis­ prevent conflicts of interest in the ern interests in the Middle East." Indyck tratioQ announced on May 17 that under an capital mark¢t, Reuters reported. fought for Israel in 1973 . agreement signed on April 26, it has teamed up with American Bio-Technologies, Inc. in • MALAYSIA has launched a Massachusetts to do researchto combat AIDS. crackdown ClIn illegal financial fu­ NASA scientists at the Marshall Space tures-trading, officials of the coun­ Trade Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama have de­ try's new Securities Commission velopedadvanced X-ray crystallography tech­ said on May 29 . Raids have been car­ Russia, Ukraine hurt by nology which is used on the Space Shuttle ma­ ried out agafu.st companies believed terials-processing experiments which allow to be involved in the trade, which collapse of markets largersamples of pure crystals to beproduced centers on futures in the Hong Kong in the microgravity of space. This emerging Stock Exch�ge's Hang Seng Index. A main cause for the fast economic disintegra­ technology of high-brilliance X-rays , access to tion of Russia and Ukraine is the "collapse of experiments on the Space Shuttle, and "novel • THE A�GOLAN government traditional traderelations" and the "complete crystallization approaches," will be made has further I�beralized the economy, lack of new economic structures," a reportby available to the researchers at American Bio­ the state news agency Angop reports. the Vienna-based Institute for International Technologies. The company is the major Central bank! governor Generoso de Comparative Economic Studies (WIIW), world supplier of recombinant HIV proteins Almeida has announced that foreign which comparesboth fonnerSoviet republics, and will provide the NASA researchers with currency to be used for imports will has concluded. such samples, and related retroviruses, for now be sold t>y commercial banks. While Gross National Product in 1992 space experimentation. dropped by 19% in Russia and 15% in Dr. Daniel Carter, chief of the Biophysics • CHEVRON Corp. has an­ Ukraine, investments in both countries de­ Branch of Marshall 's Space Science Laborato­ nounced tha� it will sell two refiner­ clined by morethan 40%. Russian inflation ran ry, explained: "We will use our unique capa­ ies, in Philadelphia and Port Arthur, at 1,300- 1,700% or 15% of GNP, compared bilities to grow crystals of the proteins and then Texas, and 150 service stations in II with 1,600-2 ,000% or 40% of GNP in use our analytical and computer-based techno­ Midwest and Atlantic Coast states. Ukraine. logies to attempt to detennine the accurate The plan is �rojected to save $2 bil­ The key conflict area between the states three-dimensional structures of the biological lion in marketing and refiningcapital is the energy supply. This year, Russia will molecules. Our group previously detennined investments over fiveyears . Both re­ produce less than 350 million tons of fuel(393 the first structure of a human antibody which fineries areol>t!rating in the black. million tons in 1992), and exportsin the fonner recognizes the AIDS virus."

EIR June 11, 1993 Economics 13 ITillFeature

Enrico Mattei, a historical model fo r today's crisis

by Nora Hamerman

Marking the thirtieth anniversary of the tragic death of Enrico Mattei, the founder of Italy's national hydrocarbons company ENI, an lintemational conference was held in Milan on Nov. 27, 1992, to commemor�te the life and work of this great Italian. It was organized by the Schiller-Instifut of Germany and Executive Intelligence Review, and rather than merely evoking the past, it took up various aspects of Mattei with the aim of identifying lessons for our own era. The challenge in morality and method which various speakers raised could be summed up in the question: "How would a person like Enrico Mattei have acted in the face of an epoch-making crisis like that currently shaking the world, and Italy in particular?" Mattei's fightingspirit was manifest in a speech at the opening of the academic year at the School of Higher Studies on Hydrocarbons in December 1961, where he said: "We must get rid of the inferiority complex that Italians are good writers, good poets, good singers, good guitarists, and finelpeop le, but they don't have the capacity for great industrial organization." We present below excerpts from an Italian-language report published by EIR ' s European affiliate, which collected the speeches and debates of the conference, as well as some speeches by Mattei. The Milan daily II Giorno covered the event with three articles. An article in L' A vanti, the Socialist Party paper, cited the appeal of Schiller-Institut president Helga Zepp-LaRouche, "that the investigation into the Mattei case be opened, because the truth about the Mattei case will be crucial for bringing Italy out of its present life and death crisis. " In the seven months since, several events have combined to make EIR's publication of this material especially timely. Italy has been spun several more ratchets down by the assault on its sovereign political and economic institutions. Not only have many ofits major postwar political leaders been indicted for corrup­ tion; but the exasperated electorate was stampeded into a referendum that approved institutional changes which will only speed up the takeover of the nation by foreign, especially Anglo-American, interests.

14 Feature EIR June 11, 1993 .,....� MattL)1 ei.

,.,,;g.,;ng ,h, ".1 slory behind Enrico 1Mattei's life and tragic Jeath "will be crucial fo r bringing Italy out of i 'present life and death crisis," Helga Zepp ­ I1Rouche told a +riference on Mattei in Milan , on Nov. 27, Ip92 . From left : Helga Ziepp-LaRouche, president of the Schiller­ Irstitut in Germany; her interpreter, Liliana qelani; Paolo Vitali of t�e Schiller-Institut; lt�.! roJ. Nico Perrone, rY\!1 �!� au thor of a book on the :1: tsassination of Mattei. Related to this, Italy and many other nations are being sub­ "Forced on June 4 to evacuate Rome, in angry silence, jected to predatory attacks by the internationalbanking frater­ because the august presence of the Head of Christendom nity under the banner of indiscriminate privatization. This impeded a strenuous armed resistancle, the enemy carried its 1 looting is being pushed throughout easternEurope and Ibero­ ferocious rage northward, to seek an yxtreme line of defense, America, as well as in industrialized nations like Italy, which would slow down the steady march of the regular and France, and Germany. EIR has played a key role in catalyzing voluntary forces of liberation. resistance to this in Italy, by publishing an expose of how "And so Florence found itself Ion the firing line. The Italian bankers and politicians conspired aboard the British German command immediately real�zed the impossibility of royal yacht Britannia to sell off the national patrimony for holding positions besieged by rebel a�tions and popular resis­ fire-sale prices-an expose which has been cited by several tance, and it turned to the local CLN [national liberation Italian periodicals and leading political figures. committees] to negotiate an undisturBed passage of its troops. Yet worldwide, many defenders of the state sector of na­ The demand was accompanied by t e threat that, in case of tional economies are only mounting a feeble opposition, by denial, the city would become a battlefield. requesting a slower rate ofturningover public firms toprivate " ...You responded that no cobpromise was possible hands . This is because some public firms, such as those with the enemy; the city , starting A g. 3, became the center under communist regimes, were so mismanaged that their of bitter clashes ....Freedo m, bef6re being the essence of advocates are at a loss to defend them, especially in today's political life, is an inner virtue, a p�erogative of the spirit, "pragmatist" climate. Here, the example ofMatt ei's fightfor which is preserved and made more powerful with incessant Italy's energy independence through a national oil company vigilance and moral rigor. is a most useful model-a fight conducted in tandem with "According to the Christian conceptionI there is no freedom the political independence struggles of many former colonial without justice, but there is also no truejus tice without a con­ nations, to whom Mattei extended a hand of cooperation. stant effort at improvement which is anifested in constructive Since the recent outrageous bombing attack in Florence on action. It would not be an effective justice which served to May 26, it seems especially relevant to quote from Mattei's crystallize and legitimize an out-of-date and profoundly unjust speech in Florence on the anniversary of Italian liberation from economic arrangement, because it w'auld be anchored to the the Nazis, April 25, 1961. He said then, in part: "You Floren­ tolerance of privileges which are hist�riCally unsustainable and tines are rightly proud of the glorious weeks in which, during even more , morally inadmissible. Whoever stands still, does 1944,the borderof italy remained on the Amo .. not honor freedom and does not do ju tice. . . ."

EIR June 11, 1993 Feature 15 full-cycle steel production, starting from iron ore , and not with electric furnaces processili1g scrap metal, as was being done by the big private steelmakers. I like to recall that on Ml\.rch 29, 1946, hence at the time of the first discoveries • Caviaga, Giovanni Falck, the recognizedhead of Italian �eavy industryand strenuous Mattei and the champion of free-market econo�ics, testified beforethe eco­ nomic commission set up by �e constituent assembly, de­ rebirth claring himself decisively agai�st the project for a state steel of Italy industry: More precisely, Italy $hould not have a major steel industry, because it lacked tile necessary raw materials, by Paolo Vitali hence the objective should be ttlat of a maximum production of 3 million tons, which privau! enterprise could easily han­ I would like to begin with a quotation which I find very dle. Obviously, the laissez-fai¢ businessman Falck added, timely: "When a building is collapsing on all sides, it is private enterprise should be pnptected by the state with sig­ more economical in many cases to complete its demolition. nificant customs tariffs: "It cou� be discussed," he conclud­ Therefore, what should be imposed is a provision which puts ed his far-sighted intervention, '�whether 30% or 40% protec­ an end to the present state of things and frees the heir of a tion should be given; but a cGiovanni Gronchi, and even Alcide De Gaspari. development. There is an unavoidable necessity for a concen­ By nature, Mattei hated hypocrisy and could not agree tration, a density, of economic activities at a determined, that under the nice words of "free market" or "necessity of high technological level-and it is not possible to go below savings of the state" there should be perpetuated a swindle this-in order for a process of development to be sparked. by well-identifiednational and international interests which This is what has been denied, eSpeciallyin the threedecades had very little to do with anything "free." Fortunately, Mattei that separate us from the death df Mattei, to the ThirdWorld was not in an isolated position, but was backed by a political countries, and the few exceptions, such as Taiwan or South and economic culture which saw in a new and rapid economic Korea, which in any case were modeled on Japan morethan development the instrument of a rebirth, even in the moral on the Anglo-American pattern, are just further confirma­ sense, of Italy after the horrors of the war and the 20 years tions of what I am describing. of Mussolini's rule. The Mattei conception of fue role of infrastructure to The history of AGIP is well known, as is the history of get economic development moving in a nation, or jointly in the struggle around the great project of Oscar Sinigaglia for several nations, reflects a supetior economic outlook. We

16 Feature EIR June 11, 1993 know from his involvement in building major gas pipelines, from the first one in the plain of the Po River, to the much­ contested one between Genoa and Ingolstadt in Bavaria, Ger­ many, which was to serve as a line into Central Europe, from the very long (1,700 km) one in Argentina, to the great projects of his last period: the Algeria-Sicily gas pipeline, which was supposed to later connect into all of Italy, and the potential for a new Trieste-Ingolstadt gas pipeline, which in the future could have linked up with the Soviet one (Druzhba) in easternEurope . After the Algerian war, as Algeria realigned with the France of de Gaulle, and was freed in 1962 from its burden­ some colonial past, there was also the prospect of a three­ way arrangement including Adenauer's Germany , as the premise for ajoint development of continental Europe, start­ ing with westernEurope . Infrastructure does not just mean a bridge, a rail line, or a gas pipeline, but it embraces education and skills training of the labor force, i.e., schools and research centers; it means adequate health care infrastructure and so forth . It means substantially to achieve an economic density which permits and facilitates the rise of new industries, above all small and medium industries with high capital intensity. This is where Paolo Vitali: Matte;' s conception development reflects a superior the role of the state becomes most evident: in sectors which prr;on"''TI1r" become productive after a period of time, in new, very high­ technology sectors-such as maglev, the German magneti­ cally levitated trains--orin geographically remote locations. oil company. It was a war against , after the discovery It is also the attempt to bring order and rationality to a devel­ of the deposits at S [in northernItaly l and opment which otherwise could degenerate into the savage the construction of the network of gas pipelines in northern and predatory, or because it responds to social and strategic Italy which, in the course of four I ears, between 1949 and requirements. 1952, catapulted our country into the third position in the If one scans attentively the words or, even more , the world in length of pipelines: 4,5(i)0 km, with a sixtyfold initiatives, of Mattei, one finds a fundamental coherence increase in the volume of methane as transported to indus­ 1� which can be reduced to this economic approach. In a confer­ try: from 20 million cubic meters i 1948 to 1,200 million in ence held at the Foreign Press Office in February 1962, the 1952. ENI president expressed himself as follows: "We think we Without AGIP's discoveries a d network of pipelines, have enormous possibilities of development in our country , without Sinigaglia's plan for steel, without the original cre­ to be able to cancel forever the image of a traditional Italy, ation of ENI and the State Holdings in 1953-which was poor and only agricultural. We have immense possibilities envied by all , until a few years go--without the attack for development in the Mediterranean, in Europe, in Africa, launched in 1950 by Mattei against he Montecatini chemical in the Middle East. In relations with depressed countries, monopoly, which led to the drasti<> drop in fertilizer prices with the countries which have the need to initiate industrial and hence made a notable contribLtion to our agriculture, development, we believe we can offer an industrial organiza­ without the revolution in plastics �nd the immense invest­ tion prepared in men and means and hence that we can fu lfill ment by Fiat in its Mirafioriplant b� Valletta (one of the few I an important work of collaboration. In this way, our opera­ great private industrialists, togeth r with Adriano Olivetti, tions can be useful to the entire West, of which we are part. who were on the same wavelength )'lithMatt ei), and without But we think that even in the western framework collabora­ the vast spinoff effects on small and medium-size industries tion is necessary. And not, as often occurs, a war without of that initial period, Italy would n . ver have so dramatically quarter and with no holds barred." approached the other westerneconomies . I And this "war without quarter" very soon began, perhaps before the end of the Second World War itself, with the The Italian economic miracJe arrival of the American and British secret services in the In 1953, the average income irl Italy was one-thirteenth AGIP offices in Rome, to take possession of the archives of that of the United States, One-eight that of Britain, and one­ the company, and which explained well the hasty decision fifth that of Germany, which had �em erged destroyed from

EIR June 11, 1993 Feature 17 the war. Twenty-five percent of Italian homes lacked running denigrators want us to believe. It was in the logic of things water, in 67% there was no gas, 63% had no bathroom, in that an emergent independent f(J)rce which did not want to 93% there was no telephone, and in 90% no central heating: submit to the monopolistic prevatications of our own country It was the picture of a poor and depressed country. Between and foreign multinationals would end up in a showdown. 1959 and 1962-63, Italy had the highest rates of industrial And Mattei always had to underline the real terms of the production of the entire West, and the lira won the Oscar in clash, because cowardice and hypocrisy, bought-offor ideol­ 1959 as the most stable currency. From 1952 to 1962, in a ogized propaganda, constantly distorted them. In a famous single decade, there was a sweeping exodus from the coun­ interview with the journalists Scalfari and Benedetti, he tryside into the city and from the South to the industries of asked: the North; almost 16 million Italians changed residence, one­ "They have given me a task, which is that of winning for third of the entire population. The change was gigantic and Italy a position in the world oil industry. Do you have an idea it had savage features, sometimes with dramatic social and of what problems are brought on by a responsibility of this human consequences, and accompanied by economic errors, kind? What kind of adversaries? What a disproportion of such as the emphasis on consumer goods instead of capital forces? Whoever touches oil makes politics. Necessarily. goods (whereas Germany concentrated its investments more Whether he wants to or not. For 50 years the companies wisely), enormous speculative construction at the outskirts running the states and sheikhdontts of Arabia and the Persian of the old cities, and so forth . But it remained a change of Gulf have been preparing coups d'etat, they pay their favor­ epic proportions. ites and the rebel tribes, they do everything. But it is not Mattei was among the greatest protagonists of this indus­ folklore: It is a strategy thought! out in the back rooms and trial development. But there is something in his person and enacted with the support of the q::IA and the U.S. State De­ his work which distances him from the other personalities of partment, the British Foreign Officeand intelligence servic­ that time, from the great technician Sinigaglia to the other es, and similarly in France. An� I? What was I supposed to great industrialists like Valletta of Fiat, or Olivetti, and many do? Go every day to the Farnesi�a [Italian Foreign Ministry others as well. It was something that brought together, albeit headquarters] to find out whether I could step on the corns of on different levels, his Partisan experience with that of a the president of Standard Oil on whether I should give him captain of industry, which subsumes and explains his creative my place at the table? This is not what was asked of me. and innovative capacities. We could define this something They asked me to unchain ItalYt from its oil servitude. The as a profoundly Christian sense of human dignity, which means to achieve this result-I choose them. They can judge does not bend in the face of adversity and does not refuse to me at the end and establish whet�er I deserve to be rewarded fightaj ust fight, whether it is against Nazi-Fascist occupation or punished. But now they must let me work in my own or the straitjacket imposed by the new world order, such as way." emerged from Yalta, or the arrogance of power of the Seven On Jan. 8, 1959, Mattei staJted to the Italian Center of Sisters oil companies. Studies for International Reconciliation that "the great pow­ Mattei was certainly no popUlist, as was obsessively re­ ers support without reservations, with the weight of their peated by Giorgio Galli in his political biography of the ENI diplomatic and military force, the initiatives of the compa­ president. Mattei, of course, was not part of, and did not nies. . .." Today, with the ac¢ess, albeit very partial, to accept what Galli defined as the "organic" conceptions of archives and documents that were hitherto secret, such as politics: British empiricism, reducible to David Hume, which those published by Professor Petrone in his book on Mattei, in economics means the "free market" of Adam Smith, and we know a lot more, but the picture does not change, it just Marxist economics. I do not know if, afterthe collapse of becomes clearer: Such as, when! in 1952, in preparation for communism and the heavy creaking of the Anglo-American a new carving up of spheres df interest in Iran after the laissez-faire ideology, Galli would still maintain today the overthrow of Mossadegh, the Na�ional Security Council, and same things he wrote 16 years ago. But Mattei was no popu­ the Departments of State, Defense, and Justice of the United list: His close philosophical and economic concord with the States had to intervene to blo¢k the procedures initiated positions of his friend Raffaele Vanoni, linked him to the against the oil companies for viollation of the American anti­ "social doctrine" of the church, which in the industrial world trust laws. In ajointdocument it was definedthat "the Ameri­ sometimes passes under the name of "social capitalism," a can oil operations are, for practical reasons, instruments"of term which even Valletta preferred in counteropposition to American foreign policy: that of "neo-capitalism" or which the Germans of the era of "In virtue of their role as instrumentsof our foreign poli­ Adenauer called soziale Marktwirtschaft . cy, both in Europe, and in the Middle East, any attack on our oil companies, in those are�s, should be regarded as a To construct a sense of dignity for Italy fundamental attack on the entire American system." [The Mattei did not fall into a tantrum out of infantile resent­ quote is translated back from the, Jtalian.] ment generated by a populist vision of the world, as his So much for the "free market" and "free competition"!

18 Feature EIR June 11, 1993 The CIA's worries according to Webster Another question which we should ask ourselves is what happened after the changes of 1989 and the Anglo-American response of Bush's "new world order." In a public speech by the former CIA chief under Bush, William Webster, deliv­ ered on Sept. 17, 1989, a future of trade and intelligence wars is laid out between the traditional "allies" and "competi­ tors." I stress that the speech was public: We can therefore Is Italy still worthy imagine what the relevant archives will reveal 30 or 50 years fromnow . of giants lik� Mattei? "As the twenty-first century approaches, it is clear that by Marcelli Colitti economic considerations will play an even greater role in our relations with our allies and adversaries alike. There is now a universal recognition that economic strength is key to global Dr. Colitti is the director of Ecofu i:l (ENl) and the author of influence and power. Nations are adjusting, even reshaping several books about oil and Enricd Mattei. their economic systems in order to compete in the global marketplace. " To speak about Enrico Mattei today is not easy. He evokes Webster then praised the "further integration of financial the image of a past that will never return, when Italian society markets" as a "revolutionary structural change in the global produced men on a very differen� scale from today. What economy." The U. S. intelligence chief stressed, "The trans­ comes to mind is the famous phtase of the poet Vittorio formation of international financial markets is striking if Alfieri, at the dawn of the Riso�imento--the movement we observe the figures: Daily transactions on the exchanges for Italian unity which did not yeit have that name-when are over $300 billion and in a week the transfers on the someone said to him, "But really, �hat do you Italians want? financialmarkets are greater than the volume of Third World You are already a people which tias become degraded and debt." depressed, and go around looking ifor masters." And he an­ Exalting this financial manna which has officially kept swered, "Well, in Italy there are stUI brigands, which means the American economy afloat, Webster announced "for the that the 'human plant' is still growing vigorously, and it is next five years" a commitment of the U.S. governmentthat just a question of exploiting it." i I am hardly saying that debtor countries, including the new eastern European na­ Mattei was a brigand! I mean that i� that period, people were tions, should submit to the dictates of the World Bank and bornwho today seem out of place,! gigantic, and they would International Monetary Fund. not fitinto the rooms where the me� who now administer the What would Mattei's position have been today, in the country live. It is hardto speak about persons who, the further face of the fantastic prospect which has opened in the East away we get, the bigger they becorpe.. .. of Europe, or the new, growing sufferings of the Third Let us try to say what value tht experience and the pro­ World, the tragedies in Africa? Without a doubt it would have gram of Mattei have for us today I The Republic [of Italy] been the antithesis of Webster's "global financialization" and today is based on a political, ecoQomic, and social mecha­ without a doubt there would have been new, hard clashes nism which is very different from lhat time, and I think that with the Anglo-American oligarchy. the selection process which carrie4 Mattei to the heights he To wrap up: Albeit on completely different human and attained would today have worked! in reverse: Mattei would historical levels, we may compare Mattei with Charles de never have become what he became in the present system, Gaulle, In what sense? In the sense that since World War II which has a ruthless selection I woJld defineas upside down, and for the entire postwar period they represented, and still which rewards the behavior of adapting to power, instead of represent, for their respective nations, a sense of national the opposite. So we should ask ours�lves whether this strong­ identity, an ideal reference point. ly positive image which Italians hate, despite everything, of It is not a question of turning Mattei into a myth; on the Mattei, is still valid. And since Mattei was a doer not a writer, contrary we need to demythologize him, because that has not an intellectual, but one who �ut things into practice, been a way of salving people's consciences. What would an rather than speak of the message Qe sent, we have to speak Enrico Mattei do today, in a different situation? We must start of his example, of what he did, beciause he educated Italians from a deeper comprehension of his economic philosophy, with his example. i I which is what we have also proposed to present with this conference. Mattei's program . In the face of today' s crisis, the best celebration in honor There is a series of examples �hich he gave. Let's look of Mattei is to understand concretely, that we need more at them one by one in the effort tQ clarify what this person Enrico Matteis. means today. The first, and for m� the most extraordinary,

EIR June 11, 1993 Feature 19 is his moral example, which is a word no longer used in Italy. Colonialism and the emi�ation of poor Italians werethe For him labor had a moral value, and this was the principal two words which made Matte� furious. If you wanted to make "value" of the individual. Labor for him was charity, if we him angry, you only had to pronounce one of these two words want to put it in the terms of Catholic culture, which had and he turnedall colors and started to shout, which otherwise strongly influenced Mattei, during his youth and also in his almost never happened. He had a profound, almost physical, maturity. He conceived of labor as the principal act of charity phobia for these two phenomena, which he saw as a degrada­ toward others, and hence as something which is in no way tion of the dignity of man, which was the true motive force measurable by earnings, by the profit which one gets from behind his activity. it, which is of course necessary in order to live, but which is So this program of humani and civic development, which not the reward for labor, not the purpose of labor. The pur­ was completely unifiedwit h his moral commitment, had its pose of labor is to give to others what it is possible to give, outlet in an example which b�ame entrepreneurial, i.e., the to carry out together with others what it is possible to carry man built a company. He felt Ilheneed to set up a new compa­ out, and then money serves to survive; but it is not the objec­ ny, he could not use the old one any more, because he could tive. And this was so strong in the magnetic charm that not use an old instrument. ae felt the need to use a new emanated from the personality of Mattei, that no one ever generation, and he even theorized about this. Mattei was not asked him for a raise. Naturally he did not let himself be one who easily expressed wQat he did, but every once in a asked, but no one would ever have asked him, because he while, he would blurt out that,his generation, including him­ would reply, "But I work for free, and what do you do?" This self, was so involved with F�cism, and Fascist provincial­ is an example very much out of fashion, but it is an example ism, that there was not a lot to be expected of it, and that it which indicates a moral and civic tension which we need was necessary to reach out to a new generation, because today. the latter would not have ha� the same involvement with a Let us go on to the second point, his political example. humiliating and provincial regime like Fascism. The man was not a politician, because he talked little, and Hence it was young peopl� to whom he needed to turn­ he certainly did not have the character of a politician. But he and his passion for youth wasi almost legendary-because it moved in a political realm and he had intuitions, very deep was this generation to which he wanted to leave this message. convictions which came from the depth of his spirit, which The young person therefore $hould be educated essentially are just as singular when we look at them today, as his con­ by motivating him and makil\lg him share the vision of his cept of labor. His intuition was that politics is a way of leader. No one ever question�d his leadership. But he was carrying out a project, and for this you must fightto the very the leader who convinced oti1ers, with his example and his end, if possible with the instruments of political action, those ideas. More than giving ordeJls, he asked for consensus and of consensus, but if necessary even with weapons, because commitment. He was the leader because he was the man who every real project disturbs the powers that be and therefore took the risks, who had the ideas, who absorbed the necessary creates an imbalance which cannot be healed, because those contradictions of daily actions, and weighed the contradic­ who have power try desperately to perpetuate themselves, tions, and therefore we follo�d him as one would follow an and therefore resist any project that tries to change things. almost superhuman person. � Mattei's program was for economic and civic develop­ ment together, and this too is one of those things that we Relations among rich and poor countries have completely forgotten. Economic development and civic This approach of his to bu�iness was immediately linked development are not necessarily linked; income and civiliza­ up with his economic and politJcal approach, because he tried tion are not exactly the same thing-they have an area of at once to operate at the level of the world economy. He had overlap, but it is not total. Hence, a program of economic the absolute idea-another Ojf his profound convictions­ and civil development was another of his truly first-rate intu­ that the rich needed the poor and vice versa, and this convic­ itions, which was not limited to his own country, because he tion arose from his character .s a man. This conviction was worked for his country, but he never saw it by itself. From then translated into concrete ¢rms, by the fact that the poor the very outset he had an absolutely clear idea that this very of that period largely had coptrol of raw materials, which small country in a quite strategic position ought to have a line Italy lacked, especially oil. There was in his political ap­ of development which was necessarily international, which proach, therefore, an extraordiinarymixture between the mor­ could not tum inward , but which had to look outward, and al and civic thrust which pervaded him and the concrete which, in keeping with what we said before, with the function necessity of satisfying the energy needs of the country. This of labor, with the moral significance of the commitment of was a thrust which inevitably went hand in hand with his the person, should look toward less favored countries, coun­ anti-colonialism; it was all a coherent system. tries which were then emerging out of colonialism, and from He had understood, well iQ advance of his time, and even the distortion and human and political devastation which today this is not common cultpre in Italy, that the rich need colonialism brings. the poor, not only because tbe poor control, by a joke of

20 Feature EIR June 11, 1993 fate , certain raw materials, and not only because the most desperate country in the world, which was Saudi Arabia, had the world's largest petroleum reserves, but because there exists an insurmountable limit in the mechanism of capitalist economy, which can only be overcome by broadening the base. This is another one of those things which, even if it is discussed today, brings up a lot of skepticism, but which can be demonstrated on the technical level.

Technological progress Mattei was certainly not an economist, but he had a pas­ sion for economics and surrounded himself with economists, and with them he defined a very simple criterion, which is still extraordinarily timely today . The mechanism of techno­ logical progress is based in modern economies on industries which produce so-called capital goods, i.e., machines, lathes, stamping presses, containers for the chemical indus­ try , and so forth . Thus industry incorporates technological progress: a machine which in year 1 produces 10 pieces for IO liras apiece, in year 2 produces 20 pieces at a cost of nine liras, and in year 3 it produces 600 pieces at a cost of five liras. Such technological progress can only be achieved if the industries that produce these capital goods have a broad enough market. In individual capitalist countries, inevitably, there is a limit to the volume of investment which a country "colonialism " and "emigration " of can absorb, and therefore there is a limit to the capacity of development of these industries. Hence it is necessary to export capital. There is no doubt that in the This is a mechanism from which colonialism also de­ nence of traditional oil-producing ntries is going to in­ rives, because from every mechanism of the economy, both crease and not decrease, that the demand for petro­ good and bad derive. It is a mechanism which implies, for leum projected for the next 30 will be satisfied almost example, today, that if we wanted to say what is the surest completely by the OPEC countries, within OPEC, almost way by which Europe can emerge from the present economic entirely by the Gulf nations, such crisis, it is by exporting capital. Europe or Italy must make Saudi Arabia, which have geology investments , for example, in North Africa. Because for sure , no doubt that the problem of and the western world the Italian market, the productive basis of the Italian system, is to find a way of linking up wi these countries, a way is too narrow to be able to absorb sufficiently the output of which will not be degrading for countries, which does its capital goods industry . The mature countries need the not oppress them, because cannot last--oppres- markets of the countries which are not yet mature . sion leads to violent at the same time a way Hence, to get back to Mattei, his moral intuition that it to obtain energy at a price which is prohibitive. is unjust that there are poor people, and that the poor and Hence this problem, which ! saw in all its clarity as rich need each other, ended up being reinforced and made the need to supply Italy, is today the agenda at the world extremely powerful by economic reality, because his moral level: The oil-producing countries the Middle East will be analysis agreed with his economic intuition, which then his in the next 30 years the main for the additional economists were able to write about. quantity of crude oil needed by We have sketched the profile of a giant, and we said at which in Mattei's day was a the beginning that this giant would not be at ease, that the an importer. So there is on the ceilings of the rooms of power today would be too low for the problem of relations between him. But are these things we have said still valid or are they countries which Mattei had posed past history? Let us begin with the end, with the discussion siasm, and with so much capac' about rich and poor, and let us speak for a moment about the true. oil industry, which is an industry in which Mattei lived a Not only is the relation with countries more impor- large part of his life and in which he built his extraordinary tant now than in the past, but th chokepoint in capitalist corporation. economy which I mentioned earlier become more impor-

EIR June 11, 1993 Feature 21 tant as well: The limitation of the investment base in the rich commitment, because hard work has more than a physical countries is drastic, we are experiencing a crisis which to a dimension. We have instead put forward the model of the large extent derives from that. This problem, which Mattei man who consumes and no on¢ knows exactly where the never tired of reiterating, at all levels-his polemic against money comes from that he is using, but he has an enormous colonialism, the problem of relations between poor and rich endowment of consumer goods which he continually resup­ countries-is truly a problem of today. plies. Now this is an impossible mo\iel, not because it is immor­ The state's promotion of enterprise al, although in part it is, but bec�use it is impossible for the There is one last point on which I would like to briefly consumer not to be a producer. There is no alternativeto this dwell, which is Mattei's idea of the state, which today is also reality, because the economic qircle has to close in some out of fashion. The state is now identifiedin the mentality of way. Italian citizens as a mysterious monstrosity, a kind of deeply To produce takes work, while to consume does not. Let corrupt Mafia,either corrupt or inefficient,which has a nega­ us say that producing implies a commitment, a daily effort tive role in daily life. Mattei had exactly the opposite concept which is no longer included in t�day's archetypes, where it of the state: He believed that the state should be the one is instead considered an unpleasant necessity, and not even which supplied the capital for economic development, the very dignified. To have seen the ;state as that which finances instrument which collected the capital that the private econo­ consumption, rather than produdtion, has ended up by pres­ my was not capable of supplying to a sufficientdegree , and enting a model which no longer Iperceives labor as a funda­ made it available for investment. And hence the function of mental moral factor. public enterprise was to be the legitimate channel through The last point regarding this idea of the state which Mattei which public money was transformed from money into capi­ had, is his concept of power. Tqere was a time, one or two tal, and hence into investment, and hence into economic years before his death, in which aIn American magazine dedi­ development. cated a cover to Mattei with the i1eadline: "The Most Power­ Mattei came out of private industry. He was a private ful Italian since Augustus." BeSjides the fact that Augustus entrepreneur, one of the few new private businessmen in was not Italian, Mattei had this iJnageof the man of power. his time, who came from nothing, and yet he understood He was a man who lived every day in the inner corridors of perfectly the limits of the private economy, in which he had power and exerted enormous p0r-ver. He had a very precise been so successful, and that it was inevitable and necessary idea of power: Power was an inevitable necessity and it had that the state should function as a collector of capital and to be justifiedday by day by whqever exercised it. He found conveyer of capital toward industry. This theory, which al­ it necessary and inevitable-and he fought hard for this to lowed him to build ENI, and which was not completely new, happen-that he should occupy IPositions of power, but he afterall , nevertheless was given an enormous importance by also believed that he had to justif1y this every day by what he him. Little by little, it has been extinguished. did. Power was therefore justifi¢dby what he achieved for others, not for himself. Economics and morality Hence the justification of Mattei's power did not come The Italian state in the last 30 years has done the opposite. solely from the fact that he wotked 18 hours a day if not It has not accumulated investment capital, it has financed more, and that he was incessantl� committed in his actions, income, i.e., it has used the money gathered through taxation but also from the fact that he cdnsidered this an inevitable to financeconsumption , substantially transferring this money necessity, so that what he wanteq to do could be achieved. into private hands in a wide variety of forms, some of them Afterthe two phobias mentiohed above, colonialism and not even legal, but that is really secondary. The economic the emigration of poor Italians, i Mattei's third phobia was substance was that it financed consumption, i.e., that the arrogance. Arrogance was unjust�fiedpower, i.e., those who money of the state has been given out to maintain demand, hold power and do not justify it Cl>na daily basis, but defend not investment. it by arrogance. The consequences have been very clearly visible, both in I close this remembrance of:a person to whom l owe a the exorbitant increase in the public debt, because to sustain totally personal debt, because he is the person who gave to demand is a bottomless pit and therefore it creates a bigger me, and to so many others of my generation, an example and and bigger gap in the public debt, and now we are a country an objective to which we could dedicate our lives, a model. with more public debt than income. I would say that the worst It was not a model in the sense !that we can imitate such a effect whichthis system has had, has been on public morality, man, but a model in his moral commitment, and in the clarity in the tone of civic life, and in the fact that by doing this we and ruthlessness of his analysis,' and in his scant reverence have put forward to the coming generations the archetype not for the powers that be, becaus¢ he had no reverence for of the producer, not the man who produces something, who power. On the contrary, he de�nded of the powerful that works hard and therefore has a moral, civic, and spiritual they justify themselves.

22 Feature EIR June 11, 1993 ister, and party secretary of the Chri,tian Democracy. Anoth­ er was Giovanni Gronchi, who owe� something to Mattei for his election to the presidency of the I republic and would have owed him even more for his reelect�n as President, at which he aimed. There was Del Bo, the �inister of state holdings, a lively exponent of the left wing of�he Christian Democrats, The strategic stakes who worried the U. S. embassy becruse of some of the posi­ tions he took in the Italian Parlia�nt. And there were cer­ in Mattei's fight tainly many persons of a completelt different extraction, not at all left-wing ....Bu t behind all this there was Enrico by Nico Perrone Mattei: For reasons of his ideals, fdereasons of trade policy, for reasons of diplomatic POliCY' . the sense that a country Nico Perrone is professor of American historyat the Univer­ which wants to have its own diplo atic policy has to be able sityof Bari, and author of the book Mattei, il nemico italiano to create it day by day and must n� t line up with the policy (Mattei, the Italian Enemy). of the most powerful.

I thank the more direct witnesses of the Mattei tragedy for In search of self-determina on having agreed to participate in our meeting. I think I should Mattei pushed hard for a line $qf detachment, of critical speak about a less known aspect of the Mattei affair, Mattei's participation in NATO and even Of ' etting out of NATO and internationalpolitical activity. I want to deal explicitly with into a neutralist position. Mattei tht refore not only annoyed Mattei's overall contribution to the matters under discussion, the United States with his oil deals n the Middle East, which but especially with his role in the practical political imple­ broke up the balance of the international oil cartel, and broke mentation of an attempt, if not to decouple Italy from the up the price eqUilibrium, but it wa� Mattei who pushed even framework of the Atlantic Alliance, then to strongly shift harder for Italy's entire policy to take its distance from the Italy's orientation in a neutralist direction and toward a les­ United States and to open up toward the Third World coun­ sened involvement of Italy with respect to the policy of the tries, which were traveling in a certain way along a road United States, by which I refer not only to oil policy, but to similar to the painful and laborious road which Italy had the country's foreign policy. had to travel. Mattei was very sensitive to these problems, Italy, we know, has been tied since 1949 to the United because he had been a witness to this difficultroad of Italy's States in the Atlantic Alliance; and since 1949, there has been and had had great difficultiesat th¢ beginning of his career. some strong resistance inside the Christian Democracy to­ So he knew what it meant for a couptry to free itself from the ward such a decisive, entangling, and suffocating involve­ colonial yoke and findits own way, its own balance, and a ment of our country with the United States. The most signifi­ way of arranging its own economy which would not be an cant resistance to the Atlantic Alliance was perhaps not that economy of pure exploitation by the great powers. of the great parliamentary protest mounted by the Communist All of this ideal design of Mattei flowed into a political and Socialist parties, but the subtler, more decisive, more design which at the end of the 19S0s was called neo-Atlan­ pregnant, and more enduring resistance of certain sectors of ticism. But before discussing neo+Atlanticism, perhaps we the Christian Democracy who did not want to hitch Italy to the should recall the heavy pressure which had been placed on chariot of an unequal alliance, in which the scepter of com­ the Italian governmentfrom the mO)11ent Mattei took the reins mand remained in the hands of the United States, but rather of the country's oil affairs. thought about the possibility of a neutralist policy for Italy. Mattei was convinced that Italy, a poor and defeated The debate inside the parliamentary caucus of the Chris­ country, nonetheless possessed n<1ltable energy deposits of tian Democracy was suffocated by Alcide De Gasperi [histor­ petroleum in its subsoil, and he was also aware that the oil ical leader of the postwar Christian Democracy in Italy]. business, even if there were not really resources inside the There was no debate when adherence to the Atlantic pact country, was an important business which one could not stay came to be decided. Thus, the Christian Democracy found out of and in which one could not be at the mercy of the big itself facing a virtual confidence vote in De Gasperi, who guys. So Mattei's program was to try to use all available wanted to take the vote without firsthaving a chance to probe means to exploit the country's enc:\rgyresource s, and if this more deeply into the reasons for this vote inside the party. were not possible, to seek international accords with coun­ Yet, anti-NATO ferment inside the party remained strong tries which had these energy resoutces, so that they could be and determined, and it was personifiedby men very close to used by Italy in order to become a partner' of the major pow- Enrico Mattei. ers, and not be at their mercy. One of these was Amintore Fanfani, whom we finddur­ It would take a long time just! to list the telegrams, the ing the 1950s simultaneously as prime minister, foreign min- pressures, which the American ambassadors and others, in-

EIR June 11, 1993 Feature 23 hypothesized that there were si nificant oil reserves in the Po Valley.

A new kind of contract These pressures got very heavy. In 1953, when the law was approved, they became do+nright intolerable, in form and substance, when Mattei, having proved that the potential for finding very important oil dbposits inside Italy did not exist, decided to shift his attenti! n toward foreign countries known to be rich in oil. So Mattei began exploring in Soma­ lia, Egypt, and, little by little, in Iran. In 1953, the first prelimina accords were signed with Somalia to try to exploit oil resetes, and in 1957, a partner­ ship was formed between ENI a�d Somalia, which still saw ENI in the majority position, with 61 % of the shares in the , enterprise. But in 1960, at the behest of Mattei, the partnership with Somalia became completel equal, at the point when the profits of the enterprise were beo,oming considerable. Then it was Iran's tum, a co ntry very rich in oil of the highest quality. The zone was c ntested between the British and the Americans, and the latte� had succeeded in penetrat­ Enrico Mattei helps to lay the cornerstone of a petrochemical ing thanks to a series of very com�licated maneuvers in which plant in Gela, Sicily, notfarfr om where hisfatal plane crash the CIA had a prominent role. In 1956, Mattei's ENI showed occurred later, in 1962 . up in Iran in search of accords tb drill oil, and proposed an extraordinary formula which definitivelybroke up the "fifty­ cluding major American oil management figures, very crude­ fifty" rule, i.e., the condition �nder which the state pos­ ly exerted on the Italian government and especially on De sessing the oil reserves enjoyed 50% of the profits which Gasperi. They started in 1945 and continued over the years were drawn from the exploitatio� of the oil. Mattei broke this until 1953, the year in which ENI, the Ente Nazionale Idro­ rule and offered a well-articulated contract to Iran, which carburi (National Hydrocarbons Corp.), was founded, and was financially very complex, b�t its substance was that the even continued afterward. They were especially intense in state possessing the oil reserves got 75%, instead of 50%, the mid- 1950s, when Mrs. Clare Boothe Luce was ambassa­ and Mattei's ENI got only 25%,l hence 25% less than what dor to Italy. The pressures were heavy because they absolute­ the British and the other big oil mpanies had been getting. ly wanted to keep the Italian government from assuming And here was where the break �icpth the cartel and its condi­ petroleum interests. They wanted petroleum interests to be tions---colonialism and neo-col�nialism--occurred, which left to private initiative. It was stated very clearly that in had allowed the exploitation of tl)eThir d World countries. private initiative the Americans should have a position if not Behind of Mattei's proposalJhere were , of course, very of privilege, at least of parity with the other countries and of complicated motives. I would, �owever, give first place to parity with the Italian government. Our government's right the ideals which motivated him, oecause Mattei was strongly

to enact any clauses to favor its own initiatives was not recog­ idealistic; he believed in what h I said and he really believed nized, at it was claimed that such clauses should only be set that the Third World countries should be helped in an equal up for certain private interests, American ones, and not for manner, associated with the proc�ss of development, and not our government. indebted, as instead occurred an occurs now with different d' The strong pressures which were applied against Mattei's mech�nisms, such as the Intern tional Monetary Fund. But design, which later became De Gasperi's design and the there was also a practical, business motivation. Mattei had design of the Italian government, for managing oil affairs, emerged from the big petroleum business, and the only way became especially heavy when the law enacting ENI was to get into the big internationall oil business was to break being discussed, which was the law which would allow ENI the monopolistic conditions of t e cartel, by offering better to have exclusive exp loration and exploitation rights in an conditions to the countries that had oil reserves. So he came area of the Po Valley which was believed to be the richest up with the new 75% formula fO� the producing country. area in hydrocarbons--oil and methane. There was not a This new formula did not remain limited to Iran. Mattei huge amount of oil, but methane did come out in the end, made a similar deal with Egypt, and he tried to make such although it was not known that there was no oil, because deals with Libya and Ira'! , but bt1 then the U.S. intelligence the Americans, who had explored there before the war, had services had stepped in and cut attei completely out.

24 Feature EIR June 11, 1993 Angry reactions The balance had been upset and the reactions from the American press and intelligence services were enraged. In a secret American report recently found in the archives, we read that Mattei's power must be contained at all costs and his possibilities for influencing the governmentmust be reduced. Mattei is not only a force in industry, oil, and politics by now, but he also has a hold on information, because in 1957, through ENI, he took control ofIl Giorno, a Milanese daily, which at that time was much more important than it is today. It provided very lively coverage, had the best and brightest writers, it was present in every country in the world, and most of all, it had a policy of true support for the countries which were trying to free themselves from the colonial yoke, a policy of open support toward Algeria, for example, which was at the time a French colony. France was losing this colony, but there was a war, a savage repression from the French to hold onto their colony. Mattei sent Italo Pietra to Algeria, who later became the editor-in-chief of Il Giorno. He was the first, unofficial representative of Mattei who ne­ gotiated not with the French, but with the Algerians, the National Liberation Front. After Halo Pietra had imposed the general lines which determined the future policy of liberated Algeria and hence Nico Perrone,'Mattei wanted Italy to also of oil policy, because it was necessary to make a pact independent of the United States . with Algeria once it was free, another, more formal presence was established with the function of public relations, entrust­ ed to Pirani, at present a writer for La Repubblica , the news­ greater opening toward the Third paper which has somewhat taken the place today that Il Gior­ tralism. no held 15 years ago. Thus, Mattei's spokesmen were on This was the framework of the anticism in which hand in Algeria from early on until the process of national Mattei, Fanfani, and Gronchi were , and oddly, also liberation was completed. Christian Democratic right for their own reasons, A storm broke out in the American press, not just in the namely Guido Gonella and Pella. On neo-Atlan- national newspapers, but even the local ones. I found local ticism the U.S. intelligence services drew up an alarming U. S. newspapers which ran ferocious attacks against Mattei, document, which I found and publi hed in my book . and these papers were then clipped and the articles were gathered in a dossier prepared for the President of the United A bothersome book States. This is not insignificant: There are not many provin­ Speaking of the book, in whicH I published these docu­ cial newspapers, on non-American matters, which end up ments, I wish to open a brief paren esis here . Allow me to being clipped for a dossier prepared for the U. S. President. recall some events around my boot , Mattei, if nemico ital­ The charges against Mattei were always very harsh. He was iano (Mattei the Italian Enemy)-t e enemy, of course, of spoken of as a dangerous adventurer, a man who conditioned the United States. This book was published in 1989 by a the Italian governmentwith corruption and money. There are publishing house in Milan and in it were gathered a number rather transparent hints of the need to "eliminate" him. They of secret, unpublished American documents, which I went do not talk about physical elimination, but they do say elimi­ to a lot of trouble to get. During the last period of research, nate him from the political scene, and there is talk of how to a nice American kept company wIth me, although I never do that, and it is concluded that the means to do it are many. understood what he wanted. I saw him looking very curiously among the papers which I was puYing together, and then I Neo-Atlanticism had to definitively take my distance from him; but this is It is in 1958 that the discussion becomes, I believe, more not important, just a little atmosp�ere . Well, the book was complex and starts to get really dangerous. This is the time published by the Milanese publishrr Leonardo Mondadori, when Mattei begins, in addition to the attack on U.S. oil in 1989, with a very low run of 7 ,000 copies. I was surprised interests, an attack on traditional Italian foreign policy. He because Mattei is constantly talked about, he is talked about opens up a foreign policy of greater detachment from NATO, on television, there had been a fil ! by Rosi which is shown

EIR June 11, 1993 Feature 25 Thus it was that, named ExtraordinaryCommissa r of Thirtyyears later: AGIP, with the precise task of liquidating the state oil company, Commander Mattei,.supported and sustained Who killed Mattei? by the Partisans, the Resistance,'and the anti-fascist press, rebelled against the governmentis decision, and managed From the speech by Raffaele Morini, Association of Chris­ to guide the company to international levels of competi­ tian Partisans, Pavia, the promoter of recent initiatives tiveness and technical perfectio". to reopen the Mattei case. He pulled ANIC and Nuova�Pignone out of bankrupt­ cy; constituted ENI, SEMI, SAIPEM, and SNAM; and set It was Oct. 27, 1962 when the ENI twin-engine plane up vacation centers for workers and seaside and mountain exloded in the sky, hurling fragments of the craft over the camps for their children. At the entrance of Palazzo Uffici small territory of Bascape, and causing the death of Enrico 1 in S. Donato Milanese, he haq erected a huge plaque of Mattei and his travel companions, the pilot Ernerio Ber­ semiprecious stone, representing in low relief the calvary tuzzi, and William McHale, a New York Times journalist. of a partisan, suggesting that the industry he had created Of Enrico Mattei, of his genius and his spirit of sacri­ must not ever be separated from the purpose of elevating fice, much has been said in seminars, conferences, eco­ the living conditions of our people. nomic policy roundtables, via press organs, and on radio Enrico Mattei was not just tjhe president of ENI, but and television. But no political party, not even the one in also a parliamentary deputy and a master of politics and which he was an activist, has ever committed itself to honesty. promote an investigation that could identify those respon­ On the eve of the great electoral contest of April 18, sible for the barbarous act of terrorism, and bring them to 1948, when the fate of democracy was at stake, Mattei justice. organized a parade of 100,000 Catholic Partisans in And for Enrico Mattei, who for highly idealistic mo­ Rome, to put the country on guard against the perils of tives, had refused the short-term well-being of an easy and communism, and also to attest that a dictatorship would peaceful life to join the Partisan Formations, becoming, not get past the Volunteers of Freedom. With all frank­ because of his abilities and spirit of sacrifice, deputy com­ ness, we must affirm that the Democratic Popular Front mander general of the Corps of Volunteers of Freedom, [the electoral alliance of Communists and Socialists in April 25 [the day of liberation in World War II] was only 1948], which also sought to ins�ll the dictatorship of the the firstvictorious phase of his battle. The rest was yet to proletariat in Italy, lost not because of numerical inferiori­ come. ty of its electors, but because ofthe fear of winning ....

all the time, and a lot of live interest. I protested about the was: "There are none, it is not available, we cannot distribute low print-run. it. " This was in October 1989. But to my surprise I found out that the actual distribution of the book was only half. The Mattei steps out of line other 3,500 copies were kept in a warehouse: "You never I returnto our story. So there was this concernby the big know, they might come in handy later, it's good to hold onto oil companies to safeguard their business and this great worry them." All right, fine. One month and a half after the book by the United States over the policy of taking distance from came out in October, at the beginning of December, another the Atlantic Alliance which Mattei was very obviously ad­ strange thing happened. In December books sell like bars of vancing. This is unmistakably attested to by the documents soap, because everyone buys books as gifts, so this is the which I published. time when bookstores tend to stock up. Yet in December The most alarming document is that of Jan. 10, 1958 on 1989, one month after the book came out, the publisher neo-Atlanticism, in which there are 13 pages dedicated to the recalled some 20-25% of this small ratio of the books which Mattei affair. Then there is a series of other reports, there are had been distributed, so whoever had bought it, fine, and also other facts, which are verified, at the end of the 1950s, anyone else could no longer find it. and there is the rapprochement, for business and also for The next year, in 1990, more copies were called back by political reasons, of Mattei with the Soviet Union at the end the publisher. I was being called on to hold forums all over of the 1950s. The Soviets had been kept out of trade with the place, I was in Vicenza for a month, in Viareggio, all westernEurope . Mattei went to the Soviet Union. He signed over the country, and all over there were people asking for accords to import oil from the Soviet Union, and in exchange the book, to see it. Nothing-it no longer existed. The answer for this oil he offeredmachinery lindsteel tubing which could

26 Feature EIR June 11, 1993 be used to build pipelines in eastern Europe. He even offered In the previous days, American sriy planes had discovered oil tankers. And then the Italian governmentstepped in and that the Soviets were setting up mis*ile bases in Cuba. Imme­ tried to limit Mattei's initiatives. diately, an emergency committeei was set up, which was Italian President Gronchi went to the Soviet Union. Alek­ called EXCOM. This EXCOM nket in President John F. sei Kosygin, then Soviet vice president, came to Italy. From Kennedy's officesometimes even t�ice a day. business deals things clearly passed into forms of political After the U-2 was downed 0$ Oct. 27, the decisions closeness and friendship which those times absolutely did which EXCOM talked about werewar decisions. There was not allow. But even in the business realm it was no joke, talk of retaliating against Cuba, i an aerial bombardment because Mattei's ENI had succeeded in obtaining 22% of which was supposed to occur on Obt. 28 or 30. On Oct. 27, Italy's oil needs from the Soviet Union. Then there was the there was a good deal of talk w�thin EXCOM about the opening to China, with the meeting with the Chinese deputy possibility that the Soviet Union� upon having its bases prime minister. bombed in Cuba, with Cuba already an ally of the U.S.S.R., In 1961, important figures startedto show up. On March might also carry out reprisals. Thhe was shouting in EX­ 3, 1961 , Averell Harriman shows up, the ambassador at-large COM. The man doing the shoutinglwas [then Defense Secre­ of President Kennedy. He comes to meet Mattei, with whom tary Robert] McNamara. I have wotten to McNamara and he he has a long and not easy conversation. He wants Mattei to answered that he doesn't have a g�d memory. Yet there are account for his political initiatives toward the Soviet Union other documents which demonstrate this, and it was McNa­ and China. Mattei defends them emphatically-but that is the mara and another voice shouting: 'Qte reprisals will take place key which Harriman is pressing on, that is the U. S. concern. in Turkey, where there are Ameqcan bases , and in Italy, Then on May 22, 1962 another American boss turns up, where there were American bases, �n the region around Bari. GeorgeBall . He also demands a secret meetingwith Mattei, and The picture of the Alliance was verjyuncert ain. he toodemands an account of what Mattei is doing, his foreign The Atlantic Alliance had a co�pactness, it had the par­ policy initiatives. He uses great tact, perhaps with a glass of ticipation of many nations, amongl them Italy, but Italy was vermouth and hors d'oeuvres,but the substance is tough. recalcitrant. Information had beeq arriving over the course I found the minutes of these talks, both from the Italian of years, of heavy pressure by Ma*i for Italy to put distance and the American side, and it is clear that these were tense between itself and NATO, as we pave seen. So when they conversations, in which Mattei defends his reasons but the began to outline the risk that Ital� could be the target of a United States does not back down. Yet a kind of accommoda­ reprisal by the Soviet Union if it w

EIR June 11, 1993 Feature 27 �ITillInternationa1

I I I Assassination of carqinal

I sends a bloody mess�; e by Carlos Mendez

Archbishop of Guadalajara, Cardinal Juan Jesus Posadas 1994 presidential elections shou � serve "as an appropriate Ocampo was assassinated on May 24 in front of the Guadala­ occasion for changing" them. CarflinalPos adas also charged jara international airport, under circumstances that indicate that governments have presenteq population growth "as a that the murder was deliberate. However, the official story mythical threat, to legalize and �stify birth control. . . ." released by Mexican Attorney General Jorge Carpizo is that He also warnedthat the Masonry1s activities could lead to a Cardinal Posadas was killed by drug traffickerswho confused reopening of old wounds in Mexi¢o (see Documentation). him with a rival drug lord, because the cleric was travelling In the May 31 issue of the ne{vspaper El Sol de M hico, in a car supposedly similar to that of the targeted trafficker. columnist Jose Cabrera Parra �oted that the murder of Mexico's bishops have described the official story as "ab­ Cardinal Posadas "occurred on the first anniversary of the surd" and "infantile," with several of them charging that establishment of diplomatic relatfons between the Mexican Cardinal Posadas was indeed the intended victim. governmentand the Vatican . . . . j ' The AttorneyGeneral 's denial that the assassination was On May 25, the Guadalajara �aily Siglo 21 published a premeditated is intended to obviate the need for a full-scale note saying that "violent death is rot the accustomed fate of investigation by the governmentinto who the actual intellec­ bishops. Until yesterday, only o*e has suffered this fate in tual authors of the attack are . Mexico, Jose Soledad Torres Ca�taiieda, who was the first In a statement issued May 26, the Ibero-American Solidar­ bishop of Ciudad Obreg6n [Sonota]: He was murdered on a ity Movement (MSIA) demanded: "1) that the crime be inves­ highway in 1967 . 'A group of M�sons' is mentioned as the tigated as a premeditated assassination; and 2) that said inves­ possible authors of the assassinati�n. " That reference is never tigation and punishment of those guilty be carried out with clarifiedin the article. I the utmost speed, because any coverup of the authors of the But never has a cardinal bee� killed before in Mexico, murder and their motives could unleash a cataclysm of un­ not even during the darkest peri04 of religious warfare in the known dimensions which nobody wants .... . We call atten­ 1920s, the so-called Cristero Wrul, when Masonry launched tion to the fact that this crime takes place in the midst of an a violent, all-out attack on the Caiholic Church. assault by the Masonry against the Catholic Church .... i "It is already proven that the Masonry is one of the leading A strategic assassination i instruments of the superpowers, of the InternationalMone­ There are much broader strat�gic implications to the Po­ tary Fund [IMF] , and of the malthusian cabal, to impose sadas assassination, which go bejyond Mexico. It is in this genocidal policies on the debtor countries, policies which broader context that the cardinaljs murder is usefully com­ have been systematically denounced by the Vatican and by pared to the 1989 assassination �f Alfred Herrhausen, the Mexico's bishops." chairman of Germany's influeniial Deutsche Bank: Both It should be noted that Cardinal Posadas himself had murders were intended to delive� a bloody message to all played a prominent role in these denunciations. On April 21 , who oppose the Versailles Syste�, neo-liberal free-market he had criticized the free-market economic policies of the economics, and the so-called ne� world order. Carlos Salinas de Gortari government, and insisted that the Herrhausen was murdereg bctcauseI he wanted to see a !

28 International EIR June 11,19 93 general reorganization of eastern Europe's foreign debt on anti-InternationalMonetary Fund faction within the Vatican. just terms, in opposition to the major international creditor For example, six months ago, at th� Fourth General Confer­ banks, and because he wanted to carry out a large-scale pro­ ence of the Latin American Bishop� Council (CELAM) held gram of economic development for easternEurope, precisely in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, Vatican Secretary the region which is today in flamesbecause of the application of State Cardinal Angelo Sodano publicly praised the very of the opposite policies of the IMF. Mexican model of IMF looting that Cardinal Posadas and Although at the time it was said that Herrhausen was others were later to attack by name. The final document that murdered by terrorists from Germany's Red Army Fraction came out of the CELAM conferen¢e itself lent credibility to (RAF), authors of the book Das RAF-Phantom-Wozu Poli­ that same neo-liberal model, perhaps the result of the insidi­ tik und Wirtschaft Terroristen Brauchen (The RAF Phantom: ous influence of Michael Novak within the Ibero-American Why Politics and Economics Need Terrorists) maintain that Catholic Church. the assassination was carried out by professionals of the west­ But in mid-April of this year, the Vatican chose Mexico em intelligence services. as the arena to launch a bold count�r-offensive against geno­ The option that faced a united Europe in 1989, of setting cide and economic neo-liberalism.: During the International a new course of economic development and genuine political Congress on Demography and De\lelopmentheld in Mexico freedom, is similar to that which faces Ibero-America today. City, Colombian Cardinal Aifonso L6pez Trujillo, president With the murder of Herrhausen, the German governmentof of the Vatican's Pontifical Council on the Family, declared Helmut Kohl was terrorized into backing off from adopting that "it is scientificallyproven that It is not population growth policies that would have produced a very different situation which is the leading cause of poverty in certain developing­ in easternEurope, indeed all of Europe, today. The murder sector nations, but the unjust distrioution of wealth, the abuse of Cardinal Posadas is designed to terrorize into silence and in exploitation of natural resources on the part of the industri­ passivity those elements within the Ibero-American church, alized countries. . . ." military, and other nationalist sectors that oppose the new During the inauguration of that conference, Cardinal Po­ world order, and to enable the international financial and sadas Ocampo read a speech by thd president of the Mexican political elites to regain control of a continent that is fast Bishops Conference (CEM), Monterrey Archbishop Adolfo spinning out of their grasp. Suarez Rivera, which stated th�t "Mexico has already The Mexican cardinal's murder is also an attack on the reached intolerable levels of extre$e poverty," and that "the Vatican itself. As U.S. economist and political figureLyndon neo-liberal policy which predominates today in the region is LaRouche has pointed out, it is the Masons and their political worsening the negative consequeIllCes of such [free-market] controllers who are behind such brutal attacks on Christian mechanisms ....It should sufficeto note the reappearance civilization as the assassination of Posadas and the recent of cholera, which is fundamentally due to the structural ad­ bombing in Florence, Italy. Among the strategic objectives justments prescribed by the Intern�ionalMone tary Fund and of these enemies of Christian society is to eliminate the Vati­ World Bank" (see Documentation). can altogether by the end of this century. On June 2, LaRouche explained in an interview that "one The Masons say 'no,' but . . . should look back to the early to middle 19th century, say, According to the May 28 issue pf the Monterrey newspa­ from the period of the 1840s to the assassination of U.S. per El Norte, "Carlos Vasquez Rangel, president of the Na­ President McKinley by an assassin imported from Europe. tional Confederation of Liberal Organizations, denied today These are the methods which we associated with Giuseppe that Masonry had ordered the execu�ion of Cardinal1 uan Jesus Mazzini's Young Europe and his branch, which was part of Posadas Ocampo over ideologiClj.1 differences. . . . 'The the U.S. Confederacy, called Young America. This is exact­ black hand which murdered him i!>the drug trade,' he said." ly what has happened before. . ..These are freemasonic The MSIA answered on June 2: "There are many reasons methods of that type, the Grand Orient Lodge in France, the to doubt the sincerity of Carlos Vasquez Rangel . . . when Grand Orient Lodge in Italy, similar groups in the United he denies that Masonry had anythiqg to do with the assassina­ States and outside it, all connected, of course, to the tradition tion of Cardinal Juan Jesus Posad�s Ocampo ....That the of Lord Palmerston in relation to the United Grand Lodge in head of Mexican Masonry is not .. reliable source is proven London ....If one knows the history of the 19th century by the fact that Carlos Vasquez Rangel was the one who and the early 20th, there is no doubt in anyone's mind as to accused U.S. politician and econorpistLyndon H. LaRouche exactly what is going on." of financing the Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD) of Cuauhtemoc Cardenas, which hasibeen conclusively proven Vatican counter-offensive false ....If that slander was th¢ last public statement of Recent church attacks on free-market "neo-liberal" eco­ Vasquez Rangel, there are weighty reasons to be skeptical nomics, such as Cardinal Posadas Ocampo's statements, re­ regarding his latest comment on th¢ assassination of Cardinal flecta significant and visible strengthening of the anti-liberal, Posadas Ocampo."

EIR June 11, 1993 International 29 What is certainly the case is that no one in Mexico be­ . . . Posadas Ocampo assert¢ that the governments have lieves the government's multiple cover stories: first, that the presented demography 'as a mythical threat, to legalize and cardinal was caught in a cross-fire, despite the fa ct that the justify birthcontr ol. . . .' coroner confirmed that he had been shot by 14 bullets at "The vice president of the CEM stated that with regard point-blank range, and second, that he was mistaken for a to family planning, as in economic policy, 'one must have drug trafficker, even though numerous eyewitnesses con­ the courage, the audacity, td leave a course if it does not I firmed that his cardinal's garb was apparent and unmis­ produce the welfare of society.' And he added that 1994 'is takeable to all. Even more suspicious is the fact that an Aero­ an appropriate occasion for cl1anging' it." mexico flight was delayed on the runway for a full 20 minutes Unomasuno, April 24, 1 �3: "The Masonry in the coun­ to allow more than a dozen of the hitmen to board it and make try has every right to create a bew political party, but before their getaway! that it has to demonstrate wh�t its goals are, because if they It is very clear that nothing less than an immediate and intend to keep attacking the Catholic Church then we runthe serious investigation of the cardinal's murder will satisfy a risk of reopening old wounds," the vice president of the Mexican population horrified both by the bloody deed and Mexican Conference of Bishdps, Juan Jesus Posadas Ocam­ by the Salinas government's handling of it. po, warned.. .. "In an interview, Cardinal Posadas Ocampo commented that if the Masons seek the common good of Mexicans, then the Catholic Church would tie in a position to collaborate Documentation with them in the defense of rights, but if that is not the case, then they would be out of ordtt.. ..He admitted that, if one analyzes the principles and tt¢traditional philosophy of the Masons, it is clear that they d¢ not act in our favor; nonethe­ Cardinal spoke out for less, we believe that this is npt the moment for ideological economic, social justice confrontations, because toleritnce, pluralism, and freedom are a step towards truth." Archbishop of Guadalajara , Jalisco, Cardinal Juan Jesus La lornada, April 20, 1993: "Mexico has already Posadas Ocampo, barely a month before his assassination reached intolerable levels of lextreme poverty, and it finds on May 24, had harshly denounced the neo-liberal economic itself sunk in a grave crisis of �ocial inequality, according to policies imposed by the government of President Carlos Sali­ the president of the Conferenqe of Mexican Bishops, Adolfo nas de Gortari, noting that the 1994 presidential election is Suarez Rivera. 'Many people �n our country believe that two "an appropriate occasionfor changing" them. The cardinal Mexicos are being built: an immense one, which is hungry also attacked the myth that population growth is the cause of and backward; and another OIile, which is small, rich, mod­ poverty, and warned about the danger that the Masonry's em, and international. And iII!a country so divided, where a activities could reopen old wounds in Mexico's history.What small part grows richer every day and a great majoritygrows fo llows are excerpts fr om some of his most recent statements, daily poorer, we will not be atileto build the great nation that as reported by the Mexican press. all Mexicans desire.' "In his inaugural speech tOithe 54th Assembly of Mexican La lornada, April 22, 1993: "The presidential elections Bishops, which was read by I. . . Cardinal of Guadalajara of 1994 will be 'an appropriate occcasion for changing' the Juan Jesus Posadas Ocampo ,I Suarez Rivera warned that if neo-liberal policies, whose version of solidarity has been the market and the consumefi; of the NorthAmerican Free practiced as alms, welcome to some who are marginalized, Trade Agreement are not adequately dealt with, Mexico will but insufficient in a process which impoverishes the majority have to pay a high social cosv . . . and increases the wealth of the few, according to Cardinal "And he added: 'The neo�liberal policies which prevail Juan Jesus Posadas Ocampo, the vice president of the Mexi­ today in the region furtherdeepen the negative consequences can Conference of Bishops (CEM). Posadas Ocampo led the of these mechanisms. By ind�scriminately deregulating the homily which inaugurated the conference series 'Demo­ market, thereby eliminating importantchunks of labor legis­ graphic Issues in Latin America,' sponsored by the Latin lation and by firing workers, �he gaps in society have been American Alliance for the Family, the [Mexican] National deepened.' Pro-Life Committee, the Pontifical Council for the Family "As an example, 'it sufficesto point to the reappearance and the CEM's Bishops' Commission for the Family .... of cholera, which in the final.na lysis is due to the structural " 'Liberalism and neo-liberalism are forms of trying to adjustments prescribed by th� International Monetary Fund solve the crisis; but if greater poverty is produced to remedy and the World Bank. This fadt dramatically symbolizes the these crises and the enrichment of others, the few, grows, growing pauperization and eqonomic marginalization of all then the church has to condemn that ideology,' said Posadas. Latin America.' "

30 International EIR June 11, 1993 Bombing in Florence: a terrorist I attack against theRe naissance by Claudio Celani

The bomb that exploded on May 26 in Florence, killing 5 popular opinion. But the viciousqess of the attack may be persons and wounding 30, was ordered by forces that under­ causing an unexpected backlash. IAlready several political stand very well the significance of cultural warfare. It de­ forces have started a public debatle in the press and in the stroyed part of the UffiziPalace , one of the greatest art muse­ Parliament on the idea that there i$ an Anglo-Americanplot ums in the world. The lOO-kilogram car bomb missed, by behind the destabilization of Italy, quoting from EIR and only a few meters, the gallery containing the most precious other publications of Lyndon lj.aRouche's international works of the Italian Renaissance. Had these not been housed movement. . in a room without windows, thereby damping the shock LaRouche pointed out in his weekly radio broadcast, wave, these priceless treasures would have been lost to "EIR Talks with Lyndon LaRouclie," on June 2, that some mankind. sources in Italy have attributed the destabilization to the Free­ The Accademia Georgofila, the oldest European agricul­ masons. Referring to a secret meetfug that took place on June tural academy (1753), was completely destroyed. The shock 2, 1992 on the British royal yacht Britannia, LaRouche said, wave transformed glass and stones into projectiles that devas­ "It is understood throughout Italy that the country is facing tated the rooms in the Uffizi containing Roman statues and destruction steered by those force* which were represented post-Renaissance paintings. A Trittico by Van Honthorst on that Britannia yacht meeting.'j The Britannia meeting, (1617) was totally destroyed, as well as two works by Barto­ which was attended by top Italian financial operatives and lomeo Manfredi. A work by Sebastiano del Piombo (1511) others, launched a strategy of privatizing Italy's state-run was cut in two. Two hundred meters away, the church of industries. Santo Stefano al Ponte suffered severe damage, and a Giotto A reflection of such an under�tanding could be seen in painting inside was damaged, although not irreparably. The the May 30 editorial of the newsp�per L' Unita, organ of the shock wave front covered the street from the Uffizi to the Democratic Party of the Left (PI)S), the main opposition municipal square, striking the Palazzo della Signoria and party. Entitled "Berlin-Rome, the! Bomb Axis," the article shattering all its windows. traced a connection between the �cent terrorist destabiliza­ The Florence bombing goes beyond what Italy has pre­ tions of Italy and Germany (with reference to the arson attack viously seen in terms of terrorism in its postwar history­ in Solingen, Germany on May 2?). Wrote author Angelo which is already far beyond what most other advanced sector Bolaffi, "It is as if in Italy and Gettnanya desperate attempt countries have suffered. But this time it is not only the slaugh­ is under way to prevent those two countries from finally ter of innocent people, or the danger to democracy which is achieving a normality of their OWn, to maintain them, in­ embodied in this gravest challenge to the state, as it was when stead, in the precarious condition of border provinces, unsta­ the Red Brigades kidnapped and killed Christian Democratic ble and potentially unaccountable.l' leader Aldo Moro. This time, what has been hit is what is most precious to the nation, above any conceivable idea of Investigative hypotheses political faction: the artistic patrimony of the Renaissance, Nobody believes anymore tha� it is "just the Mafia"that of which Florence is indisputably the capital. One high-level is behind the bombings. After ani eight-hour meeting with Venetian politician was quoted in the daily Corriere della prosecutors from Florence, Rom�, and Palermo, Interior Stampa on May 28: "First they destroyed politics, then the Minister Nicola Mancino declared: I "I do not exclude connec­ institutions, and now they are finishingoff the country. " tions to occult structures. I am thi�king about underground powers like the P-2 [the outlawed �opaganda-2 freemasonic A backlash? lodge], which has deep roots in Tu$cany." Florence prosecu­ It is clear that the "strategy of tension" is supposed to tor Vigna and others made a compajrison withthe train bomb­ force certain decisions, either at the government level or in ing that killed 15 persons and wounded 267 on the Milan-

EIR June 11, 1993 International 31 Naples route in 1984. The main fugitive from that case is Friedrich Schaudinn, a German-Serbian weapons dealer who Commentary is now hiding out in former Yugoslavia. According to jour­ nalist Gianni Cipriani, one of Italy's most experienced re­ searchers into terrorism, Schaudinn is being protected by networks controlled by members of the P-2 lodge. The global adversary The P-2 connection does not exclude the Anglo-Ameri­ can angle; indeed, it amounts to the same thing. The P-2 was Lyndon LaRouche made these remarks on May 31: a secret lodge controlling, at one point, all of Italy's secret i services and military leadership, on behalf of American free­ What is being said in some of thf Italian press in exposing masonic networks represented by persons like Henry Kis­ matters which should have been exposed 15 years ago or singer and Michael Ledeen. The P-2 has been dismantled, earlier, is very useful and very helpful in mobilizing at least but many Italian leaders believe that the American control part of the shocked Italian populaltionto realize that it is five over the Italian secret services, especially the military minutes or one minute before midnight for the very existence SISMI, still exists. It was no coincidence that afterthe Flore­ of the Italian nation. nce bombing, somebody decided to make public a classified Although we must concentrate on the Italian situation as speech given by former President Francesco Cossiga three such, we must look at Italy as being a victim of a process months ago before a parliamentary committee, in which Cos­ which is much broader. We must go back into the 19thcentu­ siga revealed that the SISMI has always acted on American ry , we must understand that the forces directed by Lord Palm­ orders and gave orders to the Italian government, rather than erston through such Palmerston �ssets as Giuseppe Mazzini doing its bidding. tried also, in a sense, to destroy Xtaly; and if they could not Three hypotheses are officially being put forward as to destroy it, to control as much as possible the formation of a who is responsible for the Florence bombing, and what their united Italy under the House of Sa/Voy. We remember the end motivations might be: 1) the Mafia and the P-2, reacting to of the war, when the Americans in the OSS and others, in recent successful anti-Mafiaopera tions; 2) the Serbians, who the name of opposing the returnof the House of Savoy, were want to prevent a NATO or American military intervention duped into a policy associated with a friend of a fellow whom from Italian bases; 3) financial circlesinterested in collapsing I used to call "Dopio" Croce or I'Maladepto Dopio" Croce the Italian economy. because of his Hegelian and similar kinds of history. The last hypothesis, which might seem the most far­ fetched, is not really so. Certainly the terrorism works, at Palmerston and the Freemasons one level, as an economic attack, scaring tourists away at the What we are dealing with is twhat is known generically opening of the summer season. This affects one of Italy's as the Versailles System and its YJalta and New Yalta succes­ most important sources of revenue, aggravating the crisis sors. Now these were actually designed on behalf of a faction surrounding the public deficit, which has already led to the in Britain which is known histori¢ally as the Venetian party, collapse of the lira and to a loss of Italy's credibility in the that is, of the heirs of Paolo Sarpi's faction, which is the financial markets. Supporting this thesis is Massimo Pini, British imperial faction against which the American Revolu­ adviser to former Prime Minister Bettino Craxi. In an inter­ tion was fought, for example. This Venetian faction is other­ view in the daily La Stampa, he said on May 29: "I received wise known as the British imperial faction of which Lord a phone call from Americans who told me: Now you cannot Palmerston, during the middle <)f the 19th century, was a sell your companies at the same price as yesterday, otherwise leading representative. If one traciesthe development offree­ we will go to France, where it is safer, to buy." masonic organizations in the U�ited States, in France, in But the attack against Italy operates at several levels, and Italy, and so forth during the period of Palmerston, one has it certainly includes Italy's role in the Balkans. Many have a very good handle on what the ptoblem is today. pointed to the fact that Serbian officials have repeatedly One should also look at the pi1lenomenon in France called threatened Italy with terrorism, should Italy decide to supply the Entente Cordiale, whose roots He in such locations as Lord bases for a military intervention against the Belgrade regime. Palmerston's enthroning the man who became Napoleon ill in Two days after the Florence bombing, it was made known the presidency of France. Actuallly, the French government that a commando squad of mercenaries had stopped an Italian under Napoleon ill, Napoleon le l Petit, was the first Entente aid convoy in Bosnia and brutally executed three members Cordiale. An EntenteCordi ale, pet1mit me to say so, is a French of the expedition. Then, on June 2, a gunboat of the Serbian­ catamite submitting to a British inwerial sodomite. Montenegrin Navy shot, without warning, at an Italian fish­ The progeny of this miscegen�tion of the British Scottish ing boat inside Italian territorial waters, killing a fisherman. Rite with the French catamites is! called Grand Orient and it The Italian governmentreacted by putting the Navy on alert, is known by the same n�me in ltaly. This is very close to and is preparing to strengthen air defenses by leasing Ameri­ another branch of British intelligence, the freemasonic orga­ can F-15s or F- 16s. nization of so-called Jewish designation-but it is not Jew-

32 International EIR June 11, 1993 ish, it is a heathen or paganist freemasonic rite, a cult­ called B 'nai B'rith. Look at the role of Volpi de Misurata, then called Volpi, and of Volpi's friend Parvus, otherwise known as Alexander Helphand, in the period of the B'nai B'rith coup called the Young Turk rebellion in Turkey-i.e., the government Ukraine is becoming which used the Kurds to slaughter the Armenians beginning in 1908. And look at the relationship of this branch of B 'nai B'rith called the Young Turk government, whose publicist a rudderless nation was Vladimir Jabotinsky, the friend of Mussolini, earlier the by Konstantin George editor of Young Turk magazine, and Volpi's role in putting Mussolini into power, with Volpi de Misurata as finance minister of Italy, the actual builder of Italian Fascism. If one A series of decisions taken on May 20 by the Ukrainian looks at this, and at the freemasonic connections, and is not Parliament, which is dominated by old communists, strip­ blinded by what Mussolini did to certain freemasonic leaders ping the executive of real power, tIasput Ukraine on a path in Sicily and so forth, then one has a comprehension of the leading to further economic colllipse and social upheaval. kind of processes with which we are dealing. The crisis in Ukraine, occurring simultaneously with the col­ The essence of the matter is that the Venetian party fac­ lapse of the Polish government �f Prime Minister Hanna tion, or the imperial faction of Britain, as exemplified by Suchocka, which fell on May 28, and a communist-engi­ Lord Palmerston and the rule of the British Grand Lodge over neered political crisis in Belarus, has created a matrix of such European lodges as Grand Orient and B 'nai B'rith-this crises threatening the stability o� the three largest eastern faction is determined to prevent, at any cost, the unification of European countries lying between Germany and Russia. The the sovereign nation states and sovereign national political destabilization of Ukraine was iplmediately exploited by economies of Europe and Asia in a Eurasian bloc of economic Moscow when, on May 24, it re-launched the dispute with development cooperation. To the purpose of preventing such Ukraine over control of the Black Sea Fleet. a development, as proposed by Russia's Count Sergei Witte Control of the Black Sea Flee�, however, is not the most at the tum of the century, the British, with the aid of their serious conflictconcerning militCiITmatters between Russia Grand Orient and B'nai B'rith allies, used the Young Turk and Ukraine. The fundamental q*estion, and this threatens operation to unleash the Balkan Wars preceding World War to take some very ugly turns, is dYer the 176 former Soviet I. The Balkan Wars had the purpose of destabilizing all Eu­ ICBMs based on the territory of Ukraine, which under Start rope and unleashing what became World War I. I had been slated for dismantling. i Beginning in 1989, the British and British agents in the The issue of the ICBMs, whati is referred to as Ukraine's United States, including friends of Henry Kissinger such as "nuclear arsenal," is a trap which has been set for the young British agent Lawrence Eagleburger and Brent Scowcroft republic which is being exploited �y Moscow-with western inside the Bush administration, together with Gorbachov in assistance-which is bent on a reconquest of Ukraine in Russia, unleashed the Serbian fascists who were British stages. To date, Ukraine has agreed in principle to destroy agents, primarily around Slobodan Milosevic, to slaughter these missiles; however, being bl(nkrupt, it has insisted that their neighbors for the purpose of destabilizing the underbelly the cost of their destruction be borne by the United States of central Europe, in a campaign which from 1989 onward and Russia, as the successor state to the U.S.S.R. Pending was openly advertised as a campaign against the danger that that, Ukraine has stalled on ratifyilngthe Start I treaty and the Germany united might become an economic power "Fourth Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty; The same old communist­ Reich," in the words of Mrs. Thatcher's cronies. dominated Parliament which has JIllungedUkraine into insta­ That is the context in which certain Anglo-American bility is playing into Moscow's tiands, and has indefinitely forces and their B 'nai B'rith allies, through freemasonic postponed debate on ratification of Start I. channels, are working to destroy Italy today. If one under­ Russia has repeatedly charge4, though it has never sup­ stands the global context for these local events within Italy, plied any evidence, that the Ula!ainian stall on ratification and notes the similar phenomena which are erupting in east­ conceals a project to place thesej missiles under Ukrainian ernEurope , where production is down to 30%, approximate­ control, and that Ukraine is covertly workingon re-targeting ly, of 1989 levels, as a result of these same plots-the desta­ these missiles against Russia. During May, articles in the bilization of Germany, the coming destabilization of France, Russian military press began to moat the idea of a potential the destabilization of Spain, and so forth--one sees what need to "preempt" a Ukrainian n�lear capability. Such talk, these forces are doing to all civilization. It is time to awaken. coupled with the re-Iaunching ofithe Black Sea Fleet issue, It is time to defend Italy, of course; but, we cannot defend has prompted Ukraine into feariIllg a potential Russian inva­ Italy effectively unless we understand the global adversary sion some time in this decade. against whom we are fighting. The Russian posture has caused a policy re-thinking in

EIR June 11, 1993 International 33 Ukraine, where one can frequently read citations of Ukra in i­ No warships were involved but, by June 1, a total of 202 an officers in the nation's press, discussing the need for ships had hoisted the Russian fl�g. Ukraine to hold onto these nuclear weapons as the only possi­ Moscow is confident that Ukraine, with its near-total ble "deterrent" against future Russian aggression. A very energy dependence on Russia, �ill be forced to accept the dangerous dynamic has thus been set into motion. Russian formula for dividing +p the fleet, and accede to Russia's demand that it retain fontrol over the Sevastopol Executive stripped of power base and other key military facilhies in the Crimea. The first On May 20, the special powers held by Prime Minister signs already exist that the Ru�sian calculations are well­ Leonid Kuchma since last autumn to rule by decree in dealing based. As protested by Rukh �eader Chornovil, President with the ever deepening economic crisis, expired. Kuchma Kravchuk has been notably acq�iescent toward the Russian asked Parliament to extend his special powers for another six moves. His "softness" was gi�en an initial reward, so to months. Then the roof fell in. speak, when in the midst of the �lack Sea Fleet brawl, Russia The Parliament first voted to deny Kuchma an extension agreed on a price for its natu�al gas exports to Ukraine, of the power to rule by decree on economic matters, to which denominated in rubles. i he responded by resigning. The Parliament then rejected his While the revolt in the Bl�ck Sea Fleet was ordered resignation, thus keeping the Kuchma cabinet in as a lame from Moscow, the basis for it� success is the devastating duck government, powerless to deal with the crisis. The economic crisis in Ukraine. Th� Russian newspaper Izves­ Parliament also rejected a bid by Ukrainian President Leonid tia on June 1, being but one o� about 20 recent examples, Kravchuk to take over the cabinet and rule by decree. The has been crowing over the fa�t that 70% of the sailors bid by Kravchuk, however, who works closely with the com­ who have opted for joining the iRussian Navy are Ukraini­ munist majority in the Parliament, was pro forma, as he knew an. Why? Under the "joint c�ntrol" agreement, Russian in advance it would be opposed. Kravchuk supported the sailors are paid by Moscow i in rubles, and Ukrainian Parliament's action stripping Kuchma of his powers, and sailors are paid by Kiev in the ! Ukrainian ersatz currency, calmly accepted the crippling of the executive. the karbovanets. This worked �ne last autumn, when the The disaster Ukraine faces was concisely put in state­ karbovanets was introduced an� set at a rate of 1:1 to the ments on May 21 by Vyacheslav Chornovil, a Ukrainian ruble. By February, however, �t was at 3:1, and by May, patriot and leader of the Rukh anti-communist opposition, at 5: 1. Despite compensatory m�ves by Kiev that increased and by Ivan Zayats, head of the opposition democratic group the wages in karbovanets, by IMay the real wage of the in parliament. Chornovil said of the Parliament decisions: Ukrainian sailor was only half �at of his Russian counter­ "That means . . . there will be no executive mechanism to part. One must remember th�t Russian and Ukrainian implement reforms, there will be no reforms whatsoever and sailors both shop at the same b�se commissary. Thus, out the economic collapse is inevitable." Zayats predicted that of desperation, Ukrainian sailqrs have opted to join the "economic collapse accompanied by social unrest is likely to Russians, something unthinka�e six months ago. come about by autumn." On the naval base question, the Russian position toward Ukraine is identical to the one itihas taken toward the Baltic Russia reopens fleet dispute Republic of Latvia. In both the �altic Sea and the Black Sea, Russia re-opened its fightwith Ukraine for control of the Russia is not concerned about !maintaining ground forces Black Sea Fleet on May 24 in the immediate aftermathof the based outside of Russia, but is tnsisting upon its "right" to Kiev Parliament debacle. The fleet conflict had apparently keep at least one crucial naval base outside its territory in been settled under a Russian-Ukrainian agreement--called, both the Baltic and Black Seas a� non-negotiable. In the case ominously, the Yalta Agreement, because it was signed in of Latvia, the facility is the lard naval base at Liepaja, and that same Crimean town where the 1945 "Big Three" agree­ vis-a-vis Ukraine, Russia wants ithe key base at Sevastopol, ments dividing up postwar Europe were signed by Roosevelt, at least. I Churchill, and Stalin-signed by Russian President Boris Both in Ukraine and in the �altic republics it is rightly Yeltsin and Kravchuk, keeping the fleet under joint control feared that these base demandsl are only the beginning of pending a finaldec ision on apportioning its ships, equipment, broader Russian demands. Russ� is in no hurry to settle this and facilities in 1995. crisis with Ukraine. An appeal �y Kravchuk on May 31 for The conflictresumed when, under orders from the Rus­ an immediate summit with Yel�sin on the Black Sea Fleet sian Naval Command in Moscow, the Russian flag was hoist­ question fell on deaf ears. Accor�ing to Interfax, which cited ed on 30 supply and support ships of the fleetat its main base "informed circles" in Moscow ,I Russian Foreign Minister and headquarters at Sevastopol in the Crimea. The action Andrei Kozyrev is to go to Kih on June 7 to prepare a spread geographically when, on May 25, some 14 support summit. The earliest mooted d�te is June 12, though the ships based at Kerch, at the tip of the Crimean Peninsula Russian daily Nezavisimaya Gaz�ta speculated on June 1 that separated from Russia by a narrow strait, joined the "revolt." there would be no summit until J�me 20.

34 International EIR June 11, 1993 ! dead and fivewounded , under cir�mstances unknown to us, Serbian authorities have intensifi�� their oppression over the Kosova asks Albanian population in Kosova. . U. S. One of the Serbian oppositio* leaders, Vuk Draskovic, to prevent 'genocide' stated recently that Vojislav Ses�lj, leader of the Serbian Radical Party, has been trainingl his forces for months in order to spark a conflictin Kosov3j. According to him, Serbi­ In a letter to U.S. President Bill Clinton. the governmentof an soldiers and policemen will b¢come victims of terrorist the Republic of Kosova asserts that the five-powerdeal over acts perpetrated by Seselj's men .•... I Bosnia opens the way fo r new aggression against Kosova. Kosova Albanians had no alterjnative but to seek indepen- The letter was written on May 25 by Dr. Bujar Bukoshi. the dence following disintegration of 1he Yugoslav Federation in Republic of Kosova' s prime minister and fo reign minister. which Kosova had been one ofthe�onstituent units. We have been, and remain, determined to �chieve our goals through Dear President Clinton: peaceful means. In this process w� see no turningback . On behalf of the governmentof the Republic of Kosova, Our greatest concern is that jthe Joint Action Program may I express our appreciation for the efforts made in formu­ falls short of addressing proper the problem of Kosova. lating the Joint Action Program to stop the senseless war in Increased internationalmonitorin , included in the program Bosnia-Hercegovina, to contain the conflictand to prevent it and endorsed by the Kosova lead[ rship, regrettably may not from spreading to Kosova and the Former Yugoslav Republic suffice in stopping the conflictfr spreading to Kosova. of Macedonia. We also regret that independ�nce of Kosova is not sup­ Despite the concerted efforts of the foreign ministers ported in the agreement. An ind�pendent Kosova can only meeting in Washington last weekend, the Joint Action Pro­ be a stabilizing factor in the regiqn. Any other solution will gram for Bosnia is seen by the Serbs in general as a great leave the area with a potential ptoblem that will sooner or victory for them. This gives us reason to be even more con­ later involve the entire Balkans i1 a devastating war. cerned about the situationin Kosova. Considering the current situation, we are calling on the As the Serbs seem to have achieved everything they want­ United Nations Security Council �o convene an international ed elsewhere in the former Yugoslavia, they will most proba­ conference on containing the Ba�kan conflict at the earliest bly be compelled to re-tackle, in their own way, the problem possible date. The international onference would focus on of Kosova. realistic options for preventing thi spread of Serbian "ethnic Ominous signs of conflictare already present. Following cleansing" and genocide to Koso, a and Macedonia. To this a recent incident in which two Serbian policemen were shot end, we pledge our full cooperati.,nand fervent support.

HUNGARY This map shows the sixre publiclsI and two autonomous regions of theform!er Yugoslavia. Kosova. with a majorityAlbanilrin ethnic population. was one such autonomous regidn within the borders of Serbia. but it is now being ill�gally annexed by the Serbian regime. Macedonia is dlso threatened. I

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Order from the publisher: EIR News Seniee, Ine. P.O. Box 17390 Washington, D.C. 20041 -0390 or call Ben Franklin Booksellers (800) 453-4108 (703) 777-3661 fax (703) 777-8287 Drug legalization again on the agenda in Colombia by Javier Almario

Arturo Hein, coordinator in Colombia of the United Nations' tary Fund's (IMF) open market, j free trade dictates driven program of coca and poppy crop substitution, furiously at­ Colombia's legitimate agricultura/lsect or into bankruptcy­ tacked Colombia's police force on May 26 for having eradi­ and thus, increasingly, into drugsr--but it has also escalated cated 75% of Colombia's illegal poppy crops. In a seminar its negotiations with the country' � murderous drugcart els to jointly sponsored by the United Nations and the Colombian assure them impunity for their cri�es. Justice Ministry held at Bogota's National University, Hein President Cesar Gaviria' s A$riculture Ministry, under charged that those in charge of the crop eradication had not the control of Alfonso LOpez Capallero, the son of former considered "the social, economic, environmental, and health Colombian President and cartell ally Alfonso LOpez Mi­ trauma" caused by eradication, trauma which is "simultane­ chelsen, has taken the lead in stripping the national farming ously both the cause and the effect of the production and sector of any and all protection. l!Ie has not only eliminated consumption of drugs." tariff protection, but also low-in rest credit and price sup­ The same line was offered by Giorgio Giacomelli, execu­ ports. The result has been the bt nkruptcy of innumerable tive director of the U.N.'s international narcotics control growers under an avalanche ,f imported agricultural agency. According to Giacomelli, nothing should be done products. i to try to substitute poppy, coca, or marijuana crops with To this, of course, can be ad4d the sabotage committed legitimate agricultural crops, because that "could further en­ by the U.S. and British govemm4nts in preventing the rees­ courage the illegal activity and thus lead to a superproduction tablishment of a coffee pact whi�h w()uld set a stable price instead of cutback in such crops." Giacomelli pointed out for coffee, once Colombia's leading export crop. the danger that farmers "might well compare the benefits of In other areas of legitimate �griculture, a comparable obtaining illegal profits on the one hand, and the benefitsof situation prevails. "The farmer� in some areas have ex­ alternative crops on the other." changed their traditional crops fo� coca and poppy, in view Although the U.N. officials never said so explicitly, they of the government's refusal to pr�vide protection," charged all attempted in one form or another to emphasize the pre­ German Orduz Peralta, directo� of Santander province's sumed impossibility of defeating the drug trade and of replac­ Growers Society, in a May 24 intttview to the press in which ing drug crops with ones useful to Colombia and to humanity. he also documented the neartota disappearance of Colom­ According to U.N. consultant on narcotics Maria Constanza bia's once thriving cotton sector ..t Ramirez, drug crop eradication has only stimulated the drug I, trade because "it has contributed to a rise in the price of Negotiating a 'narco-peac�' latex," referring to the liquid extracted from the poppy flower On May 6 of this year, ColPmbian Attorney General and which serves as the raw material for heroin. Ramirez Carlos Gustavo Arrietarevealed that he, Prosecutor Gustavo went even further, and openly defended drug production: de Greiff, Defense Minister Raftel Pardo Rueda, Security "The cultivation of poppy has generated income and in­ Director Fernando Brito, the na�ional police director, and creased the buying power of a sector of the peasantry and the other high-level government offi�ials met with representa­ indigenous. " tives of the so-called Cali Cartel, tpnegotiate the "surrender" In parallel to the United Nations' less-than-subtle efforts of the cartel's criminal leaders. 'Jfhe cartel spokesmen were to present drug legalization as the only "logical" answer to explicit that what they wanted w.s dismissal of charges for the illegal narcotics trade, the Gaviria governmentin Colom­ most of their members; short, s�et (and presumably pain­ bia is doing its best to pave the way for precisely such a less) trials for the rest; and the riiht to retain all of their ill­ "solution" to this country's decade-long war with the drug gotten gains, in exchange for a pr

EIR June 11, 1993 International 37 mitted by the Medellin Cartel back in 1984, immediately cobar set a series of conditions for his release. At the time, following their assassination of Justice Minister Rodrigo Pastrana was a candidate for mayor of Bogota and had taken Lara Bonilla. That proposal was later described by the cartel a programmatic stand against the drug trade and drug addic­ as a deliberate proposal for drug legalization. tion. Pastrana never revealed the contents of the dialogue he Following three separate meetings which had the full held with the cartel chieftains during his captivity, but after public support of President Gaviria, the government pre­ his release by the police, he was, adamant in defending his sented a proposed reform to the criminal code premised in captors' "good faith," and arguefl that the assassination of part upon the surrender"conditions" demanded by the cartel the anti-drug formerprosecutor Carlos Mauro Hoyos, who figures. "At least 9,000members of the Cali and North Valle had been kidnapped on the same !day as Pastrana, had been cartels are awaiting approval of the new criminal code in a simple "error" by the cartel. Pastrana also abandoned his order to decide on their submission to justice," said Gustavo anti-drug-trafficking platform, and stuck to polemicizing de Greiff. against drug addiction. Meanwhile, the prosecutor's office has already negotiat­ It came as no surprise that after the kidnapping, his father ed dramatically reduced sentences for a number of prominent and former President Misael Pastrana Borrero visited with drug traffickers currently in jail. Jorge Luis Ochoa, consid­ then President Virgilio Barco and came away from that meet­ ered the number-two man of the Medellin Cartel after the ing telling the press that he wa$ going to fight for peace fugitive Pablo Escobar, will reportedly receive a mere eight negotiations with "all agents of violence." years injail. To produce the reduced sentence, the prosecutor Unlike Pastrana and Samper, former Justice Minister En­ had to be willing to dismiss all charges against Ochoa as the rique Parejo Gonzalez, who survilved a cartel assassin's bul­ "intellectual author" of the murder of any number of judges, lets in Budapest, Hungary in Janilary 1987, has been vehe­ witnesses, journalists, and prominent public personalities. ment in his denunciations of the prug traffickers and of the This is precisely what the Cali Cartel now hopes to negotiate power-sharing negotiations the Gaviria governmenthas con­ as well. ducted with them. Parejo was minister of justice in the Be­ tancur government during 1984-�6, and is one of the few Presidential candidates agree surviving heroes of the fightto liberate Colombia from narco­ No challenge to this appeasement policy has come from terrorism. the front-running presidential candidates who are vying for the nation's top office. ErnestoSamper Pizano has the official Narco-politics backing of the Gaviria governmentand of Liberal Party chief Today, Parejo is a Bogota city councilman as well as Julio Cesar Turbay, despite his longstanding public advocacy a contender for the Liberal Party presidential nomination. of drug legalization. (An extensive dossier on Samper Pizano However, the Liberal Party macbinery of Samper, Gaviria, is contained in EIR's April 1991 Special Report, "Bush's and Turbay are trying to keep hini outof the race by any and Surrender to Dope, Inc.: U.S. Policy Is Destroying Colom­ all means. The National Congress' is currently debatinga law bia. ") Nor is the leading candidate of the Conservative Party, which would oblige presidential candidates to refrain from Andres Pastrana Arango, prepared to cross the traffickers. writing newspaper articles for a full six months prior to the Both, in tum, support Gaviria's neo-liberal economic poli­ May 1994 election. The measure would prove particularly cies which are destroying what little remains of Colombia's devastating for the campaign of Enrique Parejo, whose sole productive economy. means of communicating his id�as is a regular column in The fact is that the drug traffickershave already taken the the daily El Espectador, and ofi another dissident Liberal measure of both candidates. In 1982, for example, Samper candidate, Carlos Lemos Simmohds, who writes a column accepted large sums of money from the Medellin Cartel for El Tiempo. chieftains, who wanted to finance the electoral campaign Turbay is meanwhile trying to arrange for the official of former President Alfonso Lopez Michelsen. Samper was Liberal Party candidate to be chosen in accordance with the campaign treasurer at the time. In 1989, Samper was shot by degree of support elected congressmen give to the different Medellin Cartel hitmen, reportedly by accident when he got pre-candidates. This measure wo�ld effectivelyelimi nate the caught in the crossfireof a cartel assassination of communist independent vote that is not tied to the local party machines, leader Jose Antequera at the Bogota airport. Samper recov­ which are controlled by Turbay a�d Samper. ered from his wounds and refused to identify the cartel's By such means, Cesar Gaviria's government hopes to role in the incident. Intelligence reports indicate that the assure that its neo-liberal economic policies and the present traffickers paid Samper a huge sum to indemnify him for narco-"democracy" will continue to reign in Colombia. It their "error." would appear that not only the United Nations but also the As for Andres Pastrana, he was kidnapped by the Med­ United States, which has willingly provided refuge to the ellin Cartel's shock troops, otherwise known as "the Extradit­ families of the cartel chieftains, are prepared to offer their ables," back in January 1988, and cartel chieftain Pablo Es- full backing.

38 International EIR June 11, 1993 Report from Rio by Silvia Palacios

Indigenous activism on the rise been unable to! impose the usual sen­ International effo rts by the "indigenous" movement arefo cused tence for such a. crime, because he has been protected by a special indigenous on carving Brazil up into 510 protected enclaves. "statute." Among otIler planned actions are a meeting of a� Amazon Indian lead­ T 0 celebrate the International Year tion, and other measures, are slow or ers in the XinglIPark in the firstweek ofthe Indigenous decreed by the Unit­ clearly not taking effect at all." Feld­ of June. The site served as the stage ed Nations, the leaders of Brazil's in­ man appealed to the NOOs to reacti­ for a similar e\jent in 1988, when Eu­ digenous movement represented in vate their campaign in favor of Bra­ ropean ecologi�ts such as Anita Rod­ the non-governmental organizations zil 's indigenous tribes. dick, the Briti$h owner of a chain of (NOOs) are in a mobilization to force National and international efforts stores which s�lls products from the constitutional recognition of so-called by the ecologist-indigenist activists Amazon, issueptheir war cry against Indian lands, which are in fact nothing are currently focused on pressuring technological wogress, and especially more than enclaves within the national for the demarcation of some 510 pro­ against the con�tructionof hydroelec­ territory. tected indigenous areas-a total of 89 tric plants in th� region, under the pre­ Although they suffered a severe million hectares of land!-by Oct. 5 text that they a(e "harmful to the envi­ blow in late May with the firing of ofthis year, as specifiedby the Consti­ ronment." ' anthropologist Sidney Possuelo from tution. The meeti g is being coordinated the presidency of the National Indian In obedience to the neo-colonial by, among thers, the Intertribal Foundation, the shock troops of indi­ precepts of the "new world order," the Committee, o� e of the authors of the genist causes have redoubled their ef­ Collor government had already de­ "Karioca Decllrration" issued at last forts to preserve Possuelo' s deranged limited the vast Yanomami reserve year's Eco-92 �ummit. That declara­ ideas. Possuelo was placed at the head along a strategically critical border tion calls for l�miting national sover­ of the foundation by former President area. That action has been the target of eignty throughlthe creation of indige­ Fernando Collor de Mello, as a sym­ innumerable challenges by nationalist nous "enclave�." bol of the NOOs' supranational appa­ forces, especially by the Brazilian Another m�eting, this one conti­ ratus. Armed Forces, for the purpose of nental, will belheld in July in the city A radical defender of the Yano­ modifying that decree. of Bahia, spon&ored by a series of enti­ mami reservation along the border In response, numerous indigenous ties represente� by the "Continental with Venezuela, Possuelo also leaders manipulated by the anthropol­ Indigenous, BI�ck and Popular Move­ planned, before he was fired, to hand ogists have begun to direct interna­ ment." That umbrella organization is over to the few thousand forest-dwell­ tional pressure against the Franco responsible fOI! having organized last ers more than 50% of the Amazon ter­ government. For example, represen­ year's "500 Y¢ars of Indigenous Re­ ritory of Roraima state. That proposal tatives of the Amazon indigenous sistance" movement, which carried was shelved by the Itamar Franco gov­ communities have submitted a peti­ out numerousl sabotage operations ernment. tion in Paris asking the European na­ against contin�tal effortsto celebrate With Possuelo now out of the pic­ tions for help in winning "respect" for the quincente4ary of the discovery ture, prominent members of the ecolo­ their rights and that "the Brazilian and evangeliz;tion of America, de­ gist movement such as Congressman government[s hould] delimit the terri­ nouncing such Icelebrations as merely Fabio Feldman, who has always fa­ tories." Paris is a coordinating center genocide agaiqst the Indians. vored the efforts of the international for indigenous causes, through the Disgracefu)ly, participating in all banks to impose a "debt-for-nature" sponsorship of First Lady Daniele these anti-sove�eignty and anti-Chris­ scheme on Brazil, have begun to re­ Mitterrand. tian actions is i nearly the entirety of group their forces. In a "Special Infor­ At the same time, Indian leader the Brazilian datholic Church and the mation Bulletin," Feldman states that Paiakan has again begun to draw at­ Indigenous �issionary Council "the indigenous Brazilian community tention in the English-language press, (CIMI), whicli have fallen into the has good reason to be concerned. The the result of a criminal case against hands of the Mrrxist Theology of Lib­ government's initiatives with regard him, in which he is charged with rap­ eration crowd I and have abandoned to demarcation of their lands, taxa- ing a non-Indian girl. The courts have their evangelizfng mission.

EIR June 11, 1993 International 39 InternationalIntel ligence

to visit Libya later this year. The official added that the administra­ East German Stasi Israeli To urism Minister Uzi Baram de­ tion continues to hold out hope for a peace sp ied on SDI program clared that Israel should try to "capitalize in settlement that would divide the country into the long tenn" on the opening represented 10 semi-autonomous regions. The current On assignment from the Soviet KGB , the by the Libyan Muslims' coming to Jerusa­ plan, he said! is "kind of a reversal of the East Gennan secret service, the Stasi, spied lem. He said Qaddafi had authorized this previous lapqroach], to try to get a settle­ on the U.S. Strategic Defense Initiative pilgrimage, in order to "help his relations ment and [thtln] end the fighting." Now, he (SDI) program from its very beginning, for­ with the United States." said, "the PO Cy seems to be evolving into mer East Gennan foreign intelligence offi­ An intelligence source linked to both the ending the fig ting and getting a settlement" CIA and the Israeli Mossad told this news � cer Heinz Busch testified on May 26, at the later. The 0 cial acknowledged that the trial of fonner Stasi chief Markus Wo lf in service that Qaddafi's moves arerelated to the United States! and its allies have barely be­ fact that he fears an imminent Egypt-Sudan Diisseldorf, Gennany. gun to consid�r the military implications of war, and wants to arrange for Israeli neutrality Busch, who joined We st Gennan for­ protecting hundreds of thousands of Muslim in case of such a conflict. Qaddafi is acting eign intelligence shortly after the fall of the civilians in six safety zones. this way because of "a secret clause of the East Gennan communist regime in January Camp David accords, by which Israel would 1990, reported that from 1982 on, Wo lf's defend Egypt, if Egypt were attacked by an apparatus took "special operative measures" Haitire jt!cts Arab neighbor," according to the source. against the NATO stationing of tactical nu­ V.N. po icing plan clear missiles and against the SDI. � The SOl was interpreted as a substantial The Haitian government and military, after challenge to the Warsaw Pact, which would NATO defense ministers two days oftalks with a United Nations dele­ force the entire East bloc to invest "urgently gation, reject�d a plan that would have de­ needed resources originally designed for the in disarray over Bosnia ployed 500-U)OO international "police­ reconstruction of the civilian sector into mil­ men" to Ha*i to facilitate the return of itary projects," Busch declared. The Stasi A meeting of NATO defense ministers on ousted terrorist President Jean-Baptiste sent copies of every secret NATO file and May 25 broke up in disarray over the five­ Aristide. Haiti "called the bluff of the Unit­ "other intelligence" to Moscow, Busch said. power peace plan for Bosnia which has been ed Nations aq.d Washington," in the words agreed to by the Clinton administration. The of the New York Times. plan legitimizes Serbian conquests, confin­ Not reported in the U. S. press is that Haiti Libya's Qaddafi ing Bosnian Muslims to "safe havens" that rejected the plan harshly, comparing it to the will actually be concentration camps under invasion ofH$ti by WoodrowWilson in 1915, wants to visit Israel another name. which turnedmto an occupationby theUnited Gennan Defense Minister Vo lker Riihe States that las�ed more than 20 years. Libyan Leader Col. Muammar Qaddafi expressed deep doubts about the scheme, In respon�e to the rejection, the U.N., wants to make a visit to Israel in the not-too­ and told reporters: "The expUlsion of the the media, and the pro-Aristide lobby in the distant future, after Libya has recognized Bosnian Muslims must not be allowed to United Statesiare all clamoring for President Israel, onetime arms dealer and now travel last and must not be sanctioned by drawing Clinton to take harsh measures, including a agent Yaacov Nirnrodi told Israeli radio on new borders ." According to UPI, Riihe also possible naval blockade and total cutoff of May 31. Nirnrodipraised Qaddafi as "a very said that "I made clear that there is more oil shipments. intelligent leader" who "recognizes the work to be done on definitions" ofwhat con­ changes in the world" and wants to "adapt stitutes a safe haven and who would be pro­ to the new circumstances." tected by U.S. air strikes. Seminar in Moscow According to the British Broadcasting The Italian defense minister complained Corp., it was the Israeli Nirnrodi, together about a lack of adequate consultation among on anti- emitism with Saudi businessman (and fellow Iran­ the allies, and, according to the Wa shington $ Contra operative) Adnan Khashoggi, who Post, a senior official fromthe U.S. delega­ Russian parlijllllentarians and western poli­ arranged the visit of Libyan Muslim pil­ tion headed by Secretary of Defense Les ticians will d�scuss "anti-Semitism and rac­ grims to Jerusalem. Two hundred pilgrims Aspin stated that he was not even sure that ism" �n a se�inar to be held in Moscow arrivedon May 31. BBC reports that arecip­ "safe haven" was the right phrase to use. early In June� Reuters reports. The two-day rocal gesture is being planned, as a number "Safe havens conjure up something that we seminar, whiCh is to "combat a worrying of Israeli Jews of Libyan origin are expected may not be providing here." rise in racism and anti-Semitism," is orga-

40 International EIR June 11, 1993 • NELSON MANDELA, leader of South Alfrica's African National Congress, said on May 23 that the ANC's alli�ce with the South Afri­ nized by the Council of Europe and the Eu­ from this new plan. Already, Belgrade's can CommUnist Party is "here to ropean Jewish Congress (EJC), which is an leaders and Bosnian Serb leader Radovan stay." affiliate of the Edgar Bronfman-run World Karadzic are showing themselves more in­ Jewish Congress based in New Yo rk . transigent, brutal , and cynical. He draws the • SERBI N dissident Bogdan Peter Leuprecht, deputy secretary gen­ wider implications of this: "While elections 1 Bogdanoviq, in an interview with the eral ofthe Council of Europe, told newsmen take place in Cambodia in a climate willfully German d 'IY Frankfurter Allgem­ that "there was a trend for the emergence in aggravated by the Khmer Rouge, while atro­ eine Zeitun of May 25, dismissed former communist countries of nationalist cious conflicts continue in Afghanistan, in the alleged� . plit between Serbian dic­ and populist movements seeking scapegoats Liberia, in Angola, etc., it can be feared that tator Slobodan Milosevic and Bosni­ for economic hardship." Concerning free­ the Bosnian case will conclude by providing an Serb leader Radovan Karadzic as a dom of expression, Leuprecht said, "Some a classroom lesson to all the sorcerers' ap­ "theatrical show," and said the world things must not be allowed to be said. The prentices of this planet." could expeFt much more violence fight against intolerance must have a repres­ Saint Exupery recalled the warning of from the Belgrade regime. sive side." French influential Jean-Fran<;ois Deniau, at Former French Premier Jacques Chirac , the beginning of the crisis in ex- Yugoslavia: • JAPAN and China agreed on a contender for presidential elections in "There is no law without force ." It is this May 29 to ; begin bilateral talks on 1995, German Justice Minister Sabine Leu­ warning that the western worldhas not heed­ regional s curity issues. Japanese theusser-Schnarrenberger, and Russian For­ ed, with great danger for the international � Foreign M�ister Kabun Muto pro­ eign Minister Andrei Kozyrev are among system as a whole, he concludes. posed the �lks during a meeting in those scheduled to address the seminar. Tokyo wit� his Chinese counterpart, Qian Qichep.. Serbs step up threats ! Bosnia deal willlead • MIDDIfE EASTERN churches, against Italy, Austria meeting in ¢:yprusat the end ofMay , to worldwide conflicts asked Israel to reopen the borders of Emboldened by the five-power agreement the Occupi¢d Territories and to give The five-power deal at the expense of the recognizing a new "Greater Serbia," Serbi­ Christian �d Muslim worshippers Bosnian state will produce a "devil's brew" an officials are rattling their sabres in the free access Ito Arab East Jerusalem. of new conflicts in various parts of the direction of Tr ieste, Italy and Vienna, Israel's cloSing of the borders cut off world, warns senior French commentator Austria. 1. 75 millio� Palestinians from their Patrick de Saint Exup€ry, in the French daily The Italian daily Carriere della Sera on economic, qultural, and spiritual cen­ Le Figaro of May 24. May 25 quoted Gen. Ratko Mladic, com­ ter there. Under the title, "Abandonment in the mander of the Bosnian Serbs, speaking to Name of Realism," Saint Exupery asserts the Serbian magazine Duga: "Trieste is a • UZBE�IST AN President Islam that the agreement "cuts the last link which Serbian city, and the war that is going on Karimov �ccused Kyrgyzstan on still connected the desperate population of now in Bosnia will continue to the area be­ May 25 of "political subversion di­ Bosnia-Hercegovina to the world, and, es­ tween Tr ieste and Vienna. Instead of with­ rected agaiItst Uzbekistan." This was pecially,to Europe. The game today is clear drawing, our aim should be to break those the stronge�t condemnation by one and official. In the name of 'realism,' it is forces that have destroyed Yugoslavia. We Central Asi�n leader of another since convenient to abandon Bosnia-Hercegovina should start a counterattack, particularly the region �ined independence from to its fate , whatever may be the magnitude along the Tr ieste-Vienna line, because Tri­ the Soviet I.j1nion in late 1991. of the atrocities ....This new plan, which este was an old Serbian city. It would have i is in fact an extremely minimalist version been better to attack Italy and Austria, and • SINGAPORE began on June 2 of the Vance-Owen project, only foresees with them, those forces that have begun this the proces� of electing its head of stabilizing the situation, by rubber-stamp­ war, making possible this disintegration." state, for thl!first time in history, but ing the fa it accompli." Now, the partition of After Wo rld War II, Tr ieste was jointly "the oPposltion would find it quite Bosnia-Hercegovina is virtually guaran­ occupied for a few years by Tito's Yugoslav difficultto �roduce a candidate under teed, he adds. Army and the British, and was then brought the elector�l system, which narrows Under the subtitle "Sorcerers' Appren­ into Italy through international agreements. eligible caqdidates to a small pool," tices," Saint Exupery stresses that it didn't The area is fraught with the potential for a westernd Iplomat said. take Belgrade long to draw conclusions further destabilization. I

EIR June 11, 1993 International 41 �TIillBooks

Yal e historianye arn� for malthusianmi llenniium by Mark Burdman

gotten so much attention in t�e liberal media and within transatlantic policy institution� like the influential Davos, Preparingfor the Twenty-First Century Switzerland, World Economic Policy forum, to which Ken­ by Paul Kennedy nedy was invited to speak earli�r this year. He is arguing, in Random House, New York, 1993 the trendy vocabulary of the lasl decade's globalist Zeitgeist, 428 pages, hardbound, $25 for a new geopolitical cult root� primarily in demographics, an updated version of the world view of Parson Thomas Malthus. The driving force, an4 central threat, in Kennedy's That Paul Kennedy's Preparingfor the Twenty-FirstCentury world, as in the late 18th-centuo/of Malthus , is demographic has rapidly become the most talked-about book of this year, growth. Rapid demographic grpwth is a determining factor moving close to the top of the bestseller list in Germany in causing wars and political in,tability, with the added twist within weeks of its translation from the English and promi­ today that it also damages the i'global environment." Com­ nently hyped in much of the British and American media, batting the threat of "overpopdlation," in Kennedy's view, tells more about the perverse state of mind and priorities justifies, or necessitates, an i�perial world order ruled by of the predominant factions within the transatlantic liberal rentier-financier interests. Just �s Britain came out on top of establishment which are promoting Kennedy's theses, than it the world of the 19th century,! so today, a British-modeled is does about the merits of the book. Admittedly, the British­ world order must prevail, he b�lieves. born, Yale University historian has compiled an impressive The book is mainly desig*ed to catalyze and shape a array of data and has taken up some provocative and challeng­ policy debate within the tran�atlantic elites, with various ing themes. But, for the most part, his work is a mixture malthusians speculating about Whether Kennedy has gone a of monumental incompetence combined with disinformation bit too far, or not far enough. the Feb. 14 New York Times and fraud. Rather than being the sober historical and social book review, for example, wejlcomed Kennedy as a latter­ analysis that one might expect from the much-touted histori­ day Malthus, but complained 4hat he lacked the "degree of an and author, whose Rise and Fall of the Great Powers intellectual fearlessness equal t� that which emboldened Mal­ produced considerable controversy after its publication in thus himself, a God-fearing cle�gyman, to argue against char­ 1987, Preparing fo r the Twenty-First Century is ideology ity because it was a cause ofi population growth and thus and special pleading under the cover of objective academic of human misery." The Timesiinsisted that "more pointed" research. questions must supplement Kennedy's arguments, if a truly Kennedy is really pleading for a specificagenda and cul­ draconian world order is to be f�rmed that can enforce depop­ tural-historical paradigm, and this explains why the book has ulation: "What form of politica� leadership will sufficeto halt

42 Books EIR June 11, 1993 the juggernauts of demographic, economic and ecological ing deployed in armies of occupat�n outside France, where change? Can demographic explosions be halted without re­ many if not most of them died fronicombat or disease. Terri­ course to severe, even repressive population policies? ... torial conquest thus played its tra�itional role as a vent for Can an allocation of carbon emission rights be instituted or overpopUlation, social tensions, nd political frustrations" �' enforced without military force?" (emphasis in original). The book's release coincides with an escalation of mal­ What France supposedly was fQr that period, much of the thusian propaganda, as the date approaches for the United developing sector is for today. Pre!Viewing the 21 st century, Nations Third International Conference on Population in Kennedy defines the "important i1mplication of population Cairo in September 1994, and as the abject refusal of the change upon internationalsecurity' t as "the prospect of demo­ West to stop genocide in former Yugoslavia accommodates graphically driven social unrest, pplitical instability and re­ growing segments of the westernpublic to murder on a mass gional wars. . .." He writes: "Behind many well-known scale. Kennedy is a spokesman for that transatlantic group historical upheavals-the outward! thrust of the Vikings, the which has appeased the Serbs, and his facile characterization expansion of Elizabethan England, the French Revolution, of the Balkan war as a "civil war" is symptomatic of his Wilhelmine Weltpolitik, the turbt,tlences that rack Central world view. America and the Middle East tod�-the societies involved As we will show, the 21st century that Kennedy projects, were experiencing population explosions, and often having is one from which essential technological and scientific difficultyin absorbing increasing n\lmbersof energetic young ! breakthroughs have been axiomatically excluded. It is not men." that these processes have no future from a scientific stand­ In today' s world, as seen by Pa\llKennedy and those who point-quite the opposite-but rather that Kennedy and his think like him, the problem is vastl� worsened by the alleged co-thinkers believe, with the arrogance of would-be gods of "damage to the ecology" caused by growing populations de­ Olympus, that they can deny the existence of whatever they vouring scarce resources, which hilS "greatly increased ... would prefer did not exist, and then prevent it from coming the speed of the human assault uPon nature." Kennedy is a into existence by their control over financial processes, the fanatical promoter of the greenhou$e effect, global warming, media, scientificinst itutions, and so on. and ozone hole hoaxes, to the extent that he not only never That apparent strength, however, is also their Achilles' bothers to present any proof for th�se ostensible phenomena, heel. The 21st century of Paul Kennedy will never actually but also dismisses out of hand anything that challenges the transpire; if the axioms and postulates that Kennedy espouses prevailing inquisitorial orthodoxy: "Given the nature of determine policy, the world will descend into a profound American politics, it is difficult at present to imagine much breakdown crisis, and perhaps generalized world war, well leadership in Washington on global-warming issues. Instead, before we reach the year 2000. Wherever there exist human there is a tendency to point to the differingscienti ficopinions beings desiring development and progress, in such locations in this matter, to suggest that fears about the greenhouse there will be points of resistance to Kennedy and his promot­ effect have been exaggerated, and to indicate that it would ers, and it is out of that resistance that a counter-vision of the be unwise to devote funds and alter Hfe-styles to meet circum­ future, one that can give hope to humanity, can be built. stances that might not actually oClCur; and . . . those argu­ ments are supported by skeptical s¢ientists and economists." 'Winners and losers' in a malthusian world As if, somehow, it is a matter of venal opportunism that Kennedy's concept of history, and the vision of reality leading scientists and economists don't believe it is necessary that flowsfrom it, is, at best, a reductionist' s cultist quackery, to "devote funds and alter life-styles" to accommodate ecolo­ and at worst, a kind of science-fictionfantasy projected into gists' fantasies ! the past, present, and future. Technology, such as it exists in Paul Kennedy's future According to him, "we should see the demographic and universe, will predominantly help those who are at present economic conditions of the late 18th century as a metaphor better off, primarily the Japanese and several European na­ for the challenges facing our present global society, two tions, and hurt the worst-off, the Africans being at the bottom centuries afterMalthu s' s ponderings." Then, France's insta­ of the heap. The only two frontierte�hnological developments bility and ensuing territorial expansionism under Napoleon that he grants real significance to lU'e biotechnology and ro­ Bonaparte, were driven by the underlying problem of "over­ botics. His argument concerning these is, in summary form: population": "In France, popular discontents smashed an an­ Biotechnology will certainly increase food production, but it cien regime that was less well structured than Britain in agri­ will be dominated by powerful multinational corporationsof culture, industry, and commerce, and in its social framework the U.S. and other advanced sector countries, and will be ef­ and attitudes, to sustain rapid demographic growth. By the fectively denied the developing se�tor (which has come to be time the French Revolution's early hopes had been destroyed known as "technological apartheid"). Biotechnology will also by terror, reaction, and then Bonapartism, an enormous num­ progressively eliminate the species of farmer, by "de-materi­ ber of young, energetic, and frustrated Frenchmen were be- alizing" the production of food. Robotics, meanwhile, will

EIR June 11, 1993 Books 43 course, is also effective in manipulating a readership, in the United States and elsewhere , that I as increasingly been brain­ washed, to view the world as if i were a sports match. Consistent with this, is Kennedy's view that "Malthus's England" is anexa mple of a "wi ner" in history. Of course, "Malthus's England" is a term syl;lOnymouswit h "the British Empire," which "won" only because it conquered and devas­ tated other peoples. Kennedy is less than frank, employing l British diplomatic euphemism in tead, as when he attempts to contrast how "the British esc ped their malthusian trap" with the case of India, which is (much closer to Malthus's model ." India's population, he rites, "also doubled and redoubled in the 19th century , bu on a much less productive base. Furthermore, because the It dian states had been unable to resist Britain's East India Co pany militarily, their sub­ jects could do little when Britisli machine-made textiles­ not only cheaper but of better duality than native cloth­ poured into the country, driving o�t traditional domestic pro­ ducers in the process." His convoluted formulation, "unable to resist Britain's East India Company militarily" s a typical semantic trick, to cover up for the fact that Briti h colonialists reduced the Indian population by about half in the first decades of colonial rule. He also never mentions, by the way, that Malthus was Astronauts training to effe ct repairs on the fu ture Space Telescope the paid scribe of the British East India Company. in 1979 in the Neutral Buoyancy Simulator, a huge water tank used to simulate zero gravity, atMarshall Space Flight Center in Kennedy elsewhere triumphs in what the British accom­ Huntsville, Alabama. Space explorationfor the new malthusians plished in the 19th century by thfir "greater manufacturing like Paul Kennedy is anathema: His ilk think it's bad enoughfor efficiency"and "laissez-faire ecomomics," quoting "the great the Earth to be so populated with mankind, who is in the image of English economist" William Stanley Jevons, writing in 1865: God; they can't bear the thought that a new Renaissance would "The plains of North Amerida and Russia are our corn­ lead people to colonize and expand on other planets as well. fields; Chicago and Odessa our gtanaries; Canada our sheep farms, and in Argentina and on tHe westernprairies of North mainly work to the benefit of Japan and a handful of other America are our herds of oxen; P�ru send her silver, and the countries, but will progressively undermine manufacturing gold of South Africa and Austt;alia flows to London; the labor, thereby further hurting countries with large popula­ Hindus and the Chinese grow tea or us, and our coffee, sugar tions, which require "labor-intensive" approaches. and spice plantations are all in t e Indies. Spain and France What this combination of demographically determined are our vineyards and the Medi,erranean our fruit garden, history and selectively developed technology adds up to , in and our cotton grounds, which or long have occupied the . Kennedy's view, is that the world inevitably has "winners SouthernUn ited States, are now being extended everywhere and losers ," as in a sports match: "History is, once again, in the warm regions of the earth.' producing its lists of winners and losers. Economic change Kennedy is obviously nostalgic for an imperial system and technological development, like wars or sporting tourna­ now, one that could wage war ag�inst "overpopulated" non­ ments, are usually not beneficial to all. Progress, welcomed white nations. What this means fOf the victims, the "losers," in by optimistic voices from the Enlightenment to our present Africa and elsewhere today , is clear: "Civil or external wars­ age, benefits those groups or nations that are able to take with their heavy casualties-we , like famine and disease, advantage ofthe newer methods and science, just as it damag­ among the malthusian antidotes to a population explosion, es others that are less prepared technologically, culturally, and perhaps the most effective of all because they killed peo­ and politically to respond to change." ple in the prime of life." After ading through the euphe- I Kennedy dedicates his book to a boys' soccer team in New misms, we see Kennedy expressing alarm about population Haven, Connecticut that he coaches, and his biography on growth in Islamic countries: "PoJ" ics intrudes; many regimes the back book-jacket concludes, "He also coaches soccer." are deliberately encouraging wo en to have large families, Sports competition, of the type that one undoubtedly experi­ arguing that this adds to the country ' s military strength . 'Bear ences in the British school system, very much definesthe way achild,' posters in Iraq proclaim, 'and you pierce an arrow in Kennedy defines the world. Sports competition verbiage, of the enemy'seye. ' " Well, it is obvI·ous how population growth

44 Books EIR June II, 1993 is now being "controlled" in Iraq, through the brutal combina­ byl disaster, and elsewhere holds: up Sweden as a model, tion of war and sanctions. Is that Kennedy's preferred solution because of national policyto phas� out nuclear energy. Nu­ for the developing world as a whole? clear fission is simply written out pf the 21st-century equa­ tion. Even from the standpoint ofiKennedy's twisted belief If you don't like it, kill it in the "greenhouse effect" and h�s argument for what he At the risk of using British-style understatement our­ calls a " 'non-carbon' path toward industrialization" for the selves, we can call Kennedy's a most selective view of his to­ developing world based on "modem techniques," it is re­ ry , one that is defined as much by what is omitted as what is markable that he excludes the nu¢lear option, without any said. The alert reader will note, for instance, an historical explanation. His list of "alternatiVei energy sources" includes amnesia about the American Revolution. Since the American "wind, photovoltaic, geothermal, �iomass-sourced." Revolution was the international rallying point in the late An antidote to this appears in the Spring 1993 issue of 18th century against British malthusianism, Kennedy evi­ the quarterly 21st CenturyScience � Technology. The cover dently feels it is better to ignore the subject. story, "The Danger Is Not Going Nuclear," contains the as­ While Kennedy is not so stupid as to deny that the original sessments of scientists who pioneeredin developing nuclear malthusian argument, that population growth would outpace energy, about the future prospec� for this energy source. food production, was overturnedby "the power of technolo­ This speaks for itself as a refutatio$ to Kennedy. gy-the capacity of the human mind to find new ways of With nuclearfusion. the autho� goes one step further: He doing things, to invent new devices, to organize production never bothers to mention it, either iInits thermonuclearfo rm, in improved forms, to quicken the pace of moving goods and or the new "cold" or "solid-state" �reakthrough. This Olym­ ideas from one place to another, to stimulate fresh approaches pian arroganceof dismissing whatdver doesn't correspondto to old problems." Yet his treatment offundamental scientific­ his construct, makes even some of Kennedy's most fervent technlogical issues is such that one would have to include admirers uncomfortable. In an o$erwise fawning review, that he is either functionally illiterate, or is so ideologically Princeton University Prof. Alan R�an, writing in the May 13 committed to the liberal ecologists' world view that he re­ New York Review of Books. con�ludes with the warning: fuses to acknowledge the existence of technological phenom­ "Optimists will say, quite rightly, that Professor Kennedy is ena that get in the way of his construct; perhaps he is or both. guilty of unsophisticated extrapola*on-that he takes present The other possibility, is that the policy grouping for which trends and tells us how ghastly things will be if they continue; Kennedy speaks, is committed to phasing out certain of the but they never do continue ....The development of cheap most important frontier technologies, and therefore wants to and pollution-free energy from miaclear fusion could upset stop any public dialogue about certain subjects. projections about the costs of development." This may backfire, however, since the curious reader Ryan is undoubtedly referringto "hot" fusion. Vis-a-vis might wonder why Kennedy appears to be paralyzed with "cold" fusion, Kennedy simply adopts the party line of the fear that the mere mentioning of, say, "space exploration" leading Anglo-American scientifiC!and political institutions, would undermine his entire complex of neo-malthusian argu­ for which itis a non-subject. Since �e spring of 1989, discus­ ments. As well he might: Space exploration--orbetter, space sion of cold fusion has been virtQally taboo in the Anglo­ colonization--can only be a function of the kind of Renais­ American realm, and the two electrochemists who first dis­ sance that launched the Columbian colonization of America, covered the phenomenon, MartinF leischmann from Britain under which the populations of Europe and the Americas and Stanley Pons were hounded iato exile from the United enjoyed increases in both size and standards of living. States, and now conduct their rese!U"ch, with Japanese fund­ Kennedy's 21st century thereby shapes up as a linear ing, in southernFran ce. extension of the most entropic ("ecologist") features of the But here again, there is a rem$fkable counter-trend. As present into an indefinite future. It is a 21st century without Preparing fo r the 21st C entury w� soaringto the bestseller nuclear energy, without frontier technologies such as those charts in Germany, articles were I1Ppearing in the press in based on plasmas and directed energy, without exploration neighboring France, portraying cold fusion as an option that of space. As already noted, this is a 21st century that will might be able to solve the energy iproblems of humanity in never exist in the form he pontificates about, since a world the next century. premised on such indefinitely extended entropic trends will Perhaps the most egregious e'4lIllple of this inquisition­ be a world that will undergo profound physical-economic, by-omission against scientific-tec:hnological progress, is cultural, and social breakdown long before the year 2000. Kennedy's blacking out of space �xploration. He obviously Let us now present various examples, and contrast Ken­ is not a latter-day Rip Van Winkl�, and has lived to see the nedy's treatment or non-treatment, with the truth. remarkable effects of John F. K4nnedy. 's space program, Take the matter of nuclear fission. Kennedy makes occa­ Russian space developments. sional brief references to the subject, but only negative ones. In this respect, perhaps the mcpst astonishing chapter in He speaks of the problem of nuclear waste, or of the Cherno- his book is that on the former Soviet Union. Presuming to

EIR June 11, 1993 Books 45 profile Russian scientificcapacitie s, he never mentions Rus­ Who will inherit the earth? sian space efforts. This is analogous to a doctor presuming Kennedy's problem is comploundedby the fact that he is to do a comprehensive check-up on a patient and "forgetting" a committed backer of the "glo�l financialsy stem," and his that the patient has a heart or brain. Here yet again, the 21st-century options are all defined by the preservation of contrasting image has been projected in the western media, that system. For him, the Intetnational Monetary Fund is for example, with a German television broadcast May 18, the hero of the international trading and financial system. If portraying the combined Russian space and military pro­ Africa and Ibero-America are �eing strangled by debt, it's grams as bringing together "the largest reservoir of untapped essentially their own fault. Those who don't master the ways scientific concepts for future technologies . . . a treasure of "the market" will be "losers!': "The reality nowadays is house of scientificknow-how ," that could massively benefit that any government which offends international finance's demand for unrestricted gain-by increasing personal taxes, for example, or by raising fees! on financial transactions­ will find itscapital has fledand iits currency weakened .... Perhaps the mostastonishing cha pter The message is clear: if you dd not follow the rules of the in his book is that on theJormer market, your economy will suffer." Certain categories of human beings, like the aged, cduld become obsolete, under Soviet Union. Presumingto prQ/ile the financial regime of the futurb: "In countries where more Russian scientificca pacities, he and more expensive techniques �e being used to prolong the never mentions Russ ian sp ace lives of those over 75 , the questi�n is whether these resources might be better invested elsewhere, such as in preventive fdfo rts. This is analogousto a doctor medicine for the very young or improved educational facili- presumingto do a comprehensive ties" (emphasis in original). i check-up on a patient and ':fo rgetting" Options for Africa's salvation are excluded for the simple reason that Africa "cannot pay�" "Poorer countries simply that the patient has a heartor brain. can't pay for large irrigation s�emes," he writes. Notably for the case of Africa and other Wrts of the developing world, there have been proposals devis�d by Lyndon LaRouche and his collaborators, and in previolls years by such interests as the entire world if judiciously nurtured and helped. the Mitsubishi Research group ittJapan , for a series of "great One can only draw the conclusion that Kennedy is in a projects" such as river manageljnent and agro-industrial de­ panic, over the effects of recent decades' developments in velopment. In Kennedy's univense, this potential is axiomati­ space exploration on his premises. Indeed, what would pros­ cally excluded, both on fina/ncial and on "ecological" pects forthe next millennium look like, if a number of govern­ grounds. Were China and India!to really develop, he insists, ments were to seriously commit themselves to exploration this would have "appalling consequences for their environ­ and eventual colonization of Mars, which was taken up by ments" and would "also threattn the earth's overall atmo­ scientists at a meeting in Wiesbaden, Germany, during May? sphere. " He quotes one expert: '·China' s industrial ambitions In Russian scientificcircl es, the view is frequently expressed . . . pose a threat to the planet. 'r that man's ability to survive is one and the same with a com­ Ultimately, Kennedy's is ai pagan world of the usurer. mitment to space exploration and eventual colonization. In At this year's Davos seminar, he argued that the West was the United States, we have the legacy of German scientists threatened by the fact that populations in North Africa, with such as the late Krafft Ehricke, who dedicated his life to an access to television, have been watching the U. S. shows such "extraterrestrial imperative," that man's future necessarily as "Dallas" and "Dynasty," and so badly desire what they depended on the colonization anddevelopment of outer space. see there, that they will do everything, including migrating Of course, Kennedy never even mentions various "direct­ northwards, to acquire such beqefits. ed energy" technologies involved in both the Strategic De­ The fact is, the last thing d¢sired by those in the devel­ fense Initiative program, and in the Russian version SDI­ oping world seeking progress ahd a better life, is to emulate which military-related technologies have also been re­ a greed-driven North American;degenerate. From the stand­ searched in France, Israel, and others recently. point of Christianity-and the qther great faiths-Paul Ken­ So, we see quite concretely that Kennedy has built his nedy, and those who think like him, might do well to ponder case on fraud. Those wishing to survive and prosper in the what Jesus Christ meant, in the Sermon on the Mount, when next century need only draw strength from, and fight forthe He said, "The meek shall inhdrit the earth." If the human realization of, the technological breakthroughs indicated in race survives this extremely grawe period, the "winners" will the previous few paragraphs, to construct a counter-vision of not be those who think like theiauthor of Preparing fo r the the coming millennium. Twenty-FirstCentury .

46 Books EIR June II, 1993 Conquering autism wins a crucial victoryfo r the human spirit · by Susan Ulanowsky and Philip Ulanowsky

pist. Dr. Lawrence Bartak, a speqialist in psychology and special education, makes the point in his Introduction: "Pro­ Nobody Nowhere: The Extraordinary fessionals are not superhuman, andl are just as prone to mak­ Autobiography of an Autistic ing incorrect, if not downright silly, interpretations of what by Donna Williams they observe as anybody else. Many of the things we notice Times Books. New York. 1992 219 pages. hardbound. $20 in people with autism remain puzzlling, even after some 40 to 50 years of research in this field. t, Nobody Nowhere provides a unik}ueview , from the inside out, of the world of autism. Donn4 Williams thus serves as our guide, as it were, among a group whose language we This book has affected us both deeply. The very fact of its cannot interpret. As such, it will' surely be invaluable to existence is extraordinary. For an autistic person to be able those dealing with autistic individultlsand , in some cases like to write this kind of autobiography, is itself something most Donna Williams's, to autistic indiv�duals themselves. experts would consider impossible before seeing it. Nobody However, this book goes beyond providing insights; it Nowhere is the journey of Donna Williams from the realm may be revolutionary. In the handS of insightful profession­ of "my world" to the realm of "the world." As she says in als, it may hold keys to new apprqaches to treatment. For, the Author's Note: what Donna Williams makes crystal clear throughout her "This is a story of two battles, a battle to keep out 'the story, is that each action, every pehavior of the autistic, world' and a battle to join it. ...I have, throughout my though it may make no apparent sepse to the observer, has a private war, been a she, a you, a Donna, a me, and finally reason. She explains her reasons Ifor numerous activities, an I. ...If you sense distance, you're not mistaken; it's from going into hallucinatory state� to repeated, compulsive real. Welcome to my world." actions (such as her attempting tq walk through the large Autism is defined in one mental health encyclopedia, mirror in her room for a year, u�able to comprehend the as a preoccupation with one's own thoughts and feelings. mirror image and seeking to enter t�e world seen reflectedin Autistic disorder or infantile autism, which Williams refers it). Even the characteristic self-abu$e, such as head-banging, to simply as autism, is described as a serious developmental she describes as a way to "fight iension and to provide a disorder characterized by lack of social interest, mutism or thudding rhythm in my head wheni my mind was screaming speech problems, and self-destructiveness. Like other mental too loud for me ...to calm down.I' disorders, autism spans a range of symptoms and degrees of severity. For example, while avoidance of emotional ex­ Rejecting Freud, Jung, and Skinner change---even eye contact-is characteristic, some children In revealing the reasoning behiqd her actions, Williams's will scream or throw tantrums in response to physical con­ book provides in its own way dramatic confirmation of one tact, and others may allow it under certain conditions. The important psychological thesis. In Ithe early 1970s, Lyndon autistic child, in particular, findsmuch of the world outside LaRouche presented a series of leqtures in New York City, himself incomprehensible and, therefore, either frightening entitled "Beyond Psychoanalysis. "i Critiquing both classical or entirely unimportant. Thus, the separation, as Williams psychoanalytical and modem mod�s of the mind, and sharp­ says, of an inner "my world" from "the world." ly refuting behaviorism as glori�ed animal-training and Because autism tends to preclude good verbal communi­ worse, LaRouche insisted that the �otivation for human ac­ cation, the task of trying to get to the root of seemingly tion derives from its perceived potential to enhance the sense incomprehensible behavior patterns from observation alone of social identity, however that i�ntity may be located in can appear insurmountable, even to the professional thera- the individual, i.e., even though th¢ sense of identity may be

EIR June 11, 1993 Books 47 neurotically or otherwise distorted. Even in today's average years of therapy, she was intro�uced to other handicapped individual, said LaRouche, the sense of self associated with persons, including other autistic persons, an experience creative reason, that self through which we can "look over which allowed her a new vantajge point from which to see our own shoulders" at ourselves, is weak, and often sits herself and the world. Of this she writes: impotently watching as an irrationally guided self dominates "I have been with the ment y ill, the backward, and the the individual's active response to the world. physically disabled. I have als� had the pleasure of being While providing substantial evidence of the correctness with others labeled 'autistic.' is was the only group who of LaRouche's work, Williams's book pokes its own large spoke my own language so wel� that I realized that much of holes in the theories that attribute autistic behavior patterns what I thought of as my personality was in fact my individual to primarily involuntary physical or neurological disorders, expression of many of the mi�understood and confusing and which then propose to treat them with one brand or symptoms of autism." ! another of behaviorist method. (While there certainly appear Perhaps the most astonishing-and exciting-indication to be physical or chemical factors in autism, including even of the potential of Williams's inl;ights for treatment general­ food-allergy complications, as in Williams's case, she shows ly, comes near the end of the t>ook.In two poignant episodes, how misunderstood the emotional outlook of the autistic per­ she describes her initial encounter with other autistics, first son is.) In one delightful anecdote, Williams also gives an with the son of a teacher for autistic children, and then with example of the failure of Freudian and Jungian psychology some children from a camp f�r autistic chilQren. Having to comprehend the mind. She relates the following, about a come through a process of self-�iscovery, she felt that it was drawing by a young autistic girl that appeared in a book time for her to meet other autis�ic people: "I'd met a world written by a psychoanalyst. The drawing was a white square of so-called 'normal' people-the people I'd aspired to be within a larger black square, "surrounded everywhere by the like. Now it was time to meet pe�ple still trapped in the place blinding whiteness of the paper. " I had come from and in some w�ys still was in." "The adult analysis of the picture was that it expressed Williams immediately relatc:;d tothese autistic people in this girl's longing for the breast. When, after becoming close "their world" and was able to vetPalize what they were think­ to her counselor, she drew two white squares in the darkness, ing. In the firstepisode , "Perry �he son] came over to where this was interpreted as two breasts. When she reversed the I was, laid himself out, face ddwn, on the floor in front of picture, with a black square now in the middle of the white me, arms pulled up tightly agai"-sthis sides as he shook with paper, this was taken to be her version of the 'bad breast' as anxiety. ! opposed to the 'good breast. ' " 'Look at me,' I said, reading the same action I'd seen "I laughed myself stupid when I read this. I had drawn so many times in myself. 'Loo�, I'm daring to be touched. ' the same picture over and over, writing beside it, 'Get me I had looked straight at Perry lying there as I said it, tears the hell out of here.' This was the symbolic representation rolling down my face as I read �is behavior as one might a of my trap ....The blackness I had to get through was the book ....I had never felt I'd u�derstood another individual jump between 'my world' and 'the world.' I had learnedto so well." I fear the complete loss of all attachment to my emotional self, At the camp for autistic childlren, Donna Williams, short­ which happened when I made the jump, and this was the only ly after arriving, was able to c�m an hysterical little girl, way that communication was possible. Giving up the secret because she recognized the rea$on for the child's terror. A of this was simply too deadly." counselor was trying to tuck the jscreaming, cross-eyed child Nobody Nowhere describes Donna Williams's journey into bed with a doll. Williams Iknew that the doll was the through an abusive childhood with a sadistic, alcoholic moth­ source of the fear, representin� the emotional connection er and a mostly absent father, to an odyssey of self-discovery with another person which an aUitisticfinds so frightful. Tak­ in early adulthood-the result of which is this book. Given ing the counselor's place, she re�oved the doll, gave the girl an autistic's propensity to withdraw from the world, even in a hairbrush to stroke, and show�d her a way to calm herself what most of us would consider a friendly environment, it is through the repetition of a tune Ij.nd the tapping of its rhythm a testimony to the human spirit that Donna Williams survived on her arm, as she had herselfl used. As the child quieted that childhood to strive as an adult to understand the world down, she uncrossed her eyes ahd focused directly on Don­ and seek her role in it. The existence of Donna Williams and na's face for the firsttime . her book are proof-positive of the extraordinary potentials of I the human mind. The remarkable Jeanne Simons Although she writes that she does not entirely accept the Seeking a better understan4ing of autism after reading "normal" world as normal, her matter-of-fact discussion of Nobody Nowhere. we were vert lucky to finda book called her self-discovery (her own study of psychology was under­ The Hidden Child. which desct1bes the Linwood School for taken in order to emulate a particularly helpful therapist) autistic children in suburban M�land, founded in 1955 by sheds new light on our ability to understand autism. After Miss Jeanne Simons (Jeanne Simons, The Hidden Child-

48 Books EIR June 11, 1993 The Linwood Methodfo r Reaching the Autistic Child; Wood­ Iiams's suggestion from theAfterword is as follows: bine, N.Y.: 1986). Simons, a pioneer in autistic treatment "If loving parents can try to stand objectively away from and clearly an extraordinary human being, appears to reject their own emotional needs and relate to such children always the precepts of behavior modification (to which we are op­ in terms of how those children perceive the world, then the posed in all cases) as a way of treating autism. In example children may findthe trust and courage to reach out step by after example, Miss Simons shows how she sought to dis­ step at their own pace. cover the why of a child's behavior and helped the child "This, however, ought only to be an interim measure. come to an understanding of the cause of the behavior and of Gain the child's trust and tell him or her that you accept who how to change it. Because of her approach, she was able to and where he or she is. Through trust he or she may develop solve many mysteries of compulsive behavior which were interest in 'the world,' and at first thisexploration should be otherwise incomprehensible. Her often fascinating, heart­ on the only terms he or she knows-his or her own. Only warming discoveries, a number of which are personally relat­ once this is firmly established should you take the safety ed in the book, make the same point as Williams: The mind of net away slowly piece by piece. This is the way to make a the autistic person is working but trapped inside an emotional transition from the child's sense of �elf of itself as the world prison. to a new sense of itself in the world �o-called 'normal' people Behavior-modification techniques are often used on au­ share. tistic individuals. While these techniques appear to "work" "This method, in complete contradictionto normal inter­ insofar as obtaining the desired behavioral "results," they action, is indirect in nature. In this way it is less all-consum­ provide the individual with no greater understanding of him­ ing, suffocating, and invasive. The child can then reach out, self or the world. They "work," in part, because autistic not as a conforming role-playing robot, but as a feeling, people, in an effort to bring order to what they perceive as albeit extremely shy and evasive, human being. The best chaos, will grasp onto routines and structure. But this so­ approach would be one that would not exchange individuality called science has to go. and freedom for the parents', teacher's, or counselor's ver­ Behavior modification denies the difference between sion of respectability and impressiveness. At this point I man and animals. Early behaviorist B.F. Skinner, famous ought to make it clear that I am notespousing soft options. for endlessly putting rats through mazes decades ago, used One must tackle war with war and disarmament with disar­ the same techniques on humans as he used on rats. Later mament. I am saying that the war must be thought through, practitioners developed more sophisticated means of manipu­ sensitive, and well paced." lation, but the axioms necessarily remained the same. The This principle, of encouraging the child to come from behaviorist approach fundamentally denies the creative spark "his world" into "the world" while recognizing the child as an of the human mind known in Christianity as imago viva Dei, individual human being, is the core of the Linwood method, or "the living image of God." All of human progress stands which starts from the assumption t�t the behavior of a given as proof ofthe fact that we are not like animals. We can think child represents the "only options a1Vailable"to him or her: and solve problems, and we engage in a process of perfecting "At Linwood, all children are accorded a right to their ourselves. This capacity exists in autistic people, but it is individuality, but the staff also know that eventually they obstructed and not accessed in the same way. have to fit into an existing world.' Their task is to observe Donna Williams proves beyond any doubt that she is each child and to structure the environment in ways that actively engaged in this process of perfection. Having had in make it supportive, responsive to his needs, and conducive to childhood almost no relation to reality, as a young adult she growth. As Jeanne Simons put it: discovered her own identity and then some of the universal "And that's why we walk behind the child. He feels your aspects of autism itself, and through that process progressed protection when you walk behind. If you give him a chance to the point of being able to self-reflexively describe that to go any direction, he may be wrong when he goes this way exceptional process of development. Donna Williams today or that. Just follow him. If it's a deadend , pick him up gently is the answer to all those who favor using behavior modifica­ and bring him to the main route. But never think that you tion techniques. To treat any human as though he or she were know the answers, because you are dealing with an individual no better than an animal, is to deny what is human in us all. who may want to go verydifferent routes which for him may Particularly striking in reading The Hidden Child and be better. That's why I feel more comfortable behind the Nobody Nowhere, is how closely Donna Williams's sugges­ children, so I can see where they ate going.' " tions for dealing with autistic children (provided at the end At a time when behavioristassumptions (and solutions) of her book) parallel the approach pioneered by Simons. That dominate much of the psychological field, we may be grateful Simons came up with the same idea "from the outside" as for Donna Williams's ray of light in the darkness, as well as Donna Williams does from the inside, is high praise for for finding The Hidden Child, and hope that both of these the Linwood method she developed. An indication of the books will inspire all those whose lives are touched by comparison is shown by the following excerpts. Donna Wil- autism.

EIR June 11, 1993 Books 49 �TIillNationa1

Is the 'Tarnoff doctriqe' now U. S. strategic poIlicy?

I

by Scott Thompson and Edward Spannaus

Afterthe publication of Undersecretary of State for Political ABC News program "Nightline1' to state: "We can't do it all. AffairsPeter Tarnoff's May 25 remarks to the Overseas Writ­ We have to measure our abilitYjto act in the interests of the ers Club, which firstsurfaced without attribution in the Wash­ United States, but to save ou� power for those situations ington Post and other news outlets, senior White House offi­ which threaten our deepest natiqnal interest, at the same time cials and Secretary of State Warren Christopher scrambled doing all we can where there's �umanitarian concern." to control the damage. What Tarnoffhad revealed was the Then on June 1, Christoph¢r set forth the most explicit effort of some circles to force a reevaluation of U . S. strategy, version of a new "Clinton docti.e" in a lengthy interview on aimed at selective U.S. disengagement from world leader­ the MacNeil-Lehrer News Hou�, in which he repeatedly said ship, allegedly so that the Clinton administration could con­ that the United States will lead ,I but in a "multilateral" way. centrate upon the collapsing domestic economy. Christopher also tried to justify tJ.S. abdication of its leader­ Some leading European figurestook Tarnoff's speech as ship around Bosnia by asserting that Bosnia "does not affect an after-the-fact rationalization for the Clinton administra­ our vital national interests," e*ept in a humanitarian way tion's capitulation to a genocidal European-Russian "solu­ (calling for a multilateral respqnse), and "except as we're tion" to the Bosnian crisis over the May 21-23 weekend. trying to contain it"-which c'lluld involve unilateral U.S. While it was certainly this, EIR has learned that the "Tarnoff action in Kosova or Makedonija. doctrine" of U. S. disengagement from its moral responsibili­ ties of leadership had already been promulgated, with at least What did TarnotTsay? ! the tacit support of Secretary of State Christopher himself, Until his nomination as undttsecretary of state for policy, almost two months earlier, at the U.S. State Department's Peter Tarnoff had been preside,t of the Council on Foreign "Open Forum" on March 31. This was long before Christo­ Relations (CFR), and before th�t he served with Christopher pher came back empty-handed from efforts to win allied as a senior official in the Carter IState Department. His wife, support for President Clinton's policy of surgical bombing the former Mathea Falco, had al!joserved in the Carteradmin­ strikes against Serbian forces and for liftingthe arms embar­ istration, where she gained notpriety for peddling drug de­ go against Bosnia. criminalization. While Tarnoft was heading the CPR, its Still, Tarnoff's remarks created a furor that led other 1990s project entitled Imperia� Temptation stated that the administration officials to try to distance themselves from United States must never agaip engage in major military Tarnoff's speech. Both Christopher and an unnamed "senior operations like the Persian Gulf war, regardless of the pur­ White House official" quickly denied that Tarnoff represent­ pose of the conflict. As former Kissinger crony Helmut Son­ ed President Clinton's policy. On May 28, White House nenfeldt at the Brookings Institution put it with regard to spokesman Dee Dee Myers said: "This officialclearly does Tarnoff's speech: "He is just f�llowing the program of the not speak for the administration on the U. S. role in the post­ previous institution with which he was affiliated." Cold War world." Among the policies TarnotJ attributed in his speech to However, at the same time, Christopher appeared on the the Clinton administration wereithe following:

50 National EIR June 11, 1993 Our "approach is difficultfor our friends to understand. westernEurope , Japan, the United Nations, and other inter­ It's not different by accident, it's different by design .... national groups." Around Bosnia, ithis new policy "under­ We're talking about new rules of engagement for the United went a baptism of fire last week," 11he article continued. "In States. There will have to be genuine power-sharing and a sequence of events that would ha�e been unthinkable two responsibility-sharing. " or three years ago, Mr. Clinton allowed Britain, France, and Tamoffspoke of "setting limits on the amount of Ameri­ Russia to veto U.S. proposals to aqn the Muslims in Bosnia can engagement in Bosnia and around the world." Tamoff and use force against the Serbs. " ' said that how Secretary of State Christopher handled negotia­ Then, on the morning of Tamoff's May 25 speech, the tions with the allies on Bosnia was a demonstration of a real London Guardian also reported that on March 31, U. S. dip­ U.S. commitment to share power and responsibilities: lomats summoned home from ove�seas had been treated to "People were genuinely disarmed at the fact he was there an exposition on the new U.S. strategy. They were told, to consult ....He was there to talk about what we thought among other things, that "the post-ColdWar world was going would make sense. He was there to listen. He did not have a to be a messy place, and from now qn Washington was going blueprint in his back pocket. He had some things that we to pick and choose its issues." I favored and the reason that he did this . . . is that we were According to Guardian Washington correspondent Mar­ setting limits on the amount of American engagement in tin Walker, the deal on Bosnia was part of this policy of Bosnia and around the world." "creeping U.S. disengagement" devised by Christopher et Explaining why the United States had abdicated leader­ al., with the aim of "educating A�erica's allies into their ship to sign onto the European-Russia agenda in Bosnia, Tar­ new responsibilities in a post-Cold 'Yarworld , in which U.S. noff said: "I believe, and more importantly the President and leadership will no longer be autom�tic." secretary believe, that for major internationalinterests of this Again, in a May 27 lead editorial entitled "The Clinton sort where other regional players have a great stake, we should Foreign Policy, 1977-81, 1993-97 t the Washington Times make it very clear that we will play a role, we will have a referred to the March 31 briefing, arguing that it was a result of leadership role, but we are not going to be so far out in front the "Carterization" of the Clinton administration. The Times. so as to allow them to defer to the United States, when it comes which had earlier featured an analy�is by the former head of to making the very hard decisions and the commitment of German military intelligence, Genf Paul A. Scherer (ret.), men, women, and resources to these conflicts." that Soviet hardliners triggered the klrive for a "Greater Ser­ The rationale that Tamoff gave for capitulating to geno­ bia" and would be emboldened by �uch a westerndispla y of cide against the Bosnian Muslims and similar conflicts was weakness, wrote: "The administration has now ceded the ini­ the "ascendancy of economic issues" in all areas of U.S. tiative to the Russian government, lVhich has chosen to feed governmentpolicymaki ng. He argued that in an era of budget the Bosnians to the Serbian wolves to placate domestic hard­ defictsand cuts, the "importance of money" meant that there line opposition ....And now, the ,oss of credibility engen­ was a "constant preoccupation" with justifying how it would dered by Mr. Clinton's Bosnian capitulation has its costs as be spent. well. It should surprise no one that tqe Russians are beginning The May 26 Boston Globe reported that Tamoff "said to be more assertive on the internatiqnalscene .. ..The Sovi­ that the U.S.-led coalition that drove Iraqi forces from Ku­ ets made their move on Afghanistaq in 1979 afterconcluding wait was not the firstbattle of the 'new world order. ' Rather, that the United States was too weruqto respond." he said, it was the last battle of the Cold War. In the new era, 'there are Bosnias, Cambodias, Haitis .. ..All three nations A strategic catastrophe have been beset by civil war and none holds the strategic There is no question that the Tarnoff-CFR doctrine has, importance of oil-rich Kuwait." to a degree, been carried out by the qlinton administration, as the worse-than-Munich capitulation to the genocide against 'Multilateralism' Bosnia illustrates. But, it is also creating a reaction in the Tamoff's May 25 remarks should have come as no sur­ opposition. And, already, the May �2 five-power agreement prise. Two days earlier, the Washington Times had reported: is falling apart. The "safe haven" rlroposal is widely recog­ "In a speech to U.S. diplomats two months ago, a senior nized as unworkable, and some sources contend that the Clinton administration official declared a change in more Clintop administration hopes that itS previous proposals will than 40 years of U.S. policy toward westernEurope and East be revived as the British-French-R�ssian plan fails. Asia. The time when Washington was the leader on every The introduction of legislation !into both the House and issue, telling its global allies what to do, when to do it, and the Senate on May 27, which woulq mandate unilateral U.S. how, is gone." (EIR has confirmed that it was Tamoff who assistance to Bosnia in direct coqtravention of the U.N.­ also gave this speech.) imposed arms embargo, has great! potential to reverse the This approach is sometimes called "multilateralism," five-powercapitulation and to pul� the administration back said the Times; it implies "more equal relationships with to a policy of moral and strategic le�dership.

EIR June 11, 1993 National 51 any independent states that m�ght thereafter emerge on the territory of Yugoslavia. (5) On Feb. 29 and March 1, 1992, the people of Bosnia­ Senate Republicans Hercegovina voted in a referen�um to declare independence from Yugoslavia. offer bill to end (6) On April 7, 1992, the United States recognized the Governmentof Bosnia-Hercegpvina. (7) On May 22, 1992, the qovernmentof Bosnia-Herce­ Bosnia embargo govina was admitted to full mbmbership in the United Na­ tions. On May 27, Senate Minority Leader Robert Dole (Kans.) (8) Consistent with Resolution 727, the United States has introduced a bill, co-sponsored by Republicans Richard Lu­ continued to apply the policy a�opted July 1 0, 1991. ... gar (Ind.), Alfonse D' Amato (N. Y.), Slade Gorton (Wash.), (9) Subsequent to the adoption of Resolution 727 and Malcolm Wallop (Wyo.), and Strom Thurmond (S.C.), Bosnia-Hercegovina's indepe'1dence referendum, the siege which would oblige the United States to liftthe arms embargo of Sarajevo began and fightipg spread to other areas of against Bosnia-Hercegovina. The bill has also been intro­ Bosnia-Hercegovina. duced into the House by Henry Hyde (R-Ill.), co-sponsored (10) The Government of Serbia intervened directly in by fiveRepu blicans and a Democrat, Charles Wilson of Tex­ the fighting by providing signiticant military, financial, and as. It is expected that the Democratic leadership will bottle political support and directioh to Serbian-allied irregular the legislation up in committee to "avoid embarrassment" to forces in Bosnia-Hercegovina. i the President. (11) In statements dated �ay 1 and May 12, 1992, the In his prefatory remarks, Senator Dole said, "I believe that Conference on Security and C�peration in Europe declared lifting the arms embargo is the least we can do, and I urge the that the Government of Serbi� and the Serbian-controlled administration to resume the course it set out on four weeks Yugoslav National Army Were committing aggression ago. The United States should lead the way in doing what is against the Governmentof Bosnia-Hercegovina and assigned right. The international community may choose not to follow to them prime responsibility fdr the escalation of bloodshed through on collective defense, but it should not and must not and destruction. stand in the way of Bosnia's right to self-defense." The act (12) On May 30, 1992, the United Nations Security would allow up to $200 million in military assistance to the Council adopted Resolution 75� , which condemned the Gov­ government of the embattled nation, which Dole emphasized ernment of Serbia for its coqtinued failure to respect the is a "sovereign state and member of the United Nations." territorial integrity of Bosnia-ijercegovina. Dole continued, "I know that the President is committed (13) Serbian-allied irregul� forces have, over the last to a multilateral approach-I support this approach. But, it year, occupied approximately 10% of the territoryof Bosnia­ seems that multilateral ism has become the primary goal and Hercegovina, committed gros� violations of human rightsin good policy the secondary goal. " He stressed that in his view the areas they have occupied, �nd established a secessionist the United States, "as the world's only superpower," should governmentcommitted to eveQtual unification with Serbia. "construct the best policy and then work to forge a consen­ (14) The militaryand othe� support and direction provid­ sus." His bill "offers an alternativeto waiting" for the U.N. ed to Serbian-allied irregular (orces in Bosnia-Hercegovina Security Council to act. constitutes an armed attack 00 the Government of Bosnia­ The following is excerpted from S. 1044,"The Bosnia­ Hercegovina by the Governm�ntof Serbia within the mean­ Hercegovina Self-Defense Act of 1993." ing of Article 51 of the United lNationsCharter. (15) Under Article51, the GPvemment ofBosnia-Hercego­ Sec. 2, Findings .... vina . . . has an inherentright �f individual or collective self­ (1) On July 10, 1991, the United States adopted a policy defense against thearmed attackifromthe Government of Serbia suspending all licenses and other approvals to export or other­ until the United Nations Security Council has taken measures wise transfer defense articles and defense services to Yugo­ necessary to maintain intematioPal peace and security. slavia. (16) The measures taken b� the United Nations Security (2) On Sept. 25, 1991, the United Nations Security Coun­ Council in response to the armedattack on Bosnia-Hercego­ cil adopted Resolution 713, which imposed a mandatory in­ vina have not been adequate tq maintain international peace ternationalembargo on all deliveries of weapons and military and security. equipment to Yugoslavia .... (17) Bosnia-Hercegovina has been unable successfully (4) On Jan. 8, 1992, the United Nations Security Council to resist the armed attack frollD Serbia because it lacks the adopted Resolution 727, which decided that the mandatory means to counter heavy weapclnry that Serbia obtained from arms embargo imposed by Resolution 713 should apply to the Yugoslav National Army . I ••and because the mandatory i

52 National EIR June 11, 1993 international arms embargo has prevented Bosnia-Hercego­ vina from obtaining from other countries the means to count­ 'Cult Expert' Kelly Ja�led er such heavy weaponry. (IS) On Dec. IS, 1992, with the affirmative vote of the United States, the United Nations General Assembly adopted Resolution 47/121 , which urged the United Nations Security Council to exempt Bosnia-Hercegovina from the mandatory arms embargo imposed by Resolution 713. (19) In the absence of adequate measures to maintain international peace and security, continued application to Juryconvicts CAN's the Government of Bosnia-Hercegovina of the mandatory international arms embargo imposed by the United Nations kidnapperfo r hire Security Council prior to the armed attack on Bosnia-Herce­ govina undermines that government's right of individual or A federal jury on May 27 convicte4 Galen Kelly, a contract collective self-defense and therefore contravenes Article 51 kidnapper associated with the Cult Awareness Network of the United Nations Charter. (CAN), on charges of kidnapping.� Kelly was convicted in (20) Bosnia-Hercegovina's right of self-defense under federal court in Alexandria, Virginia of abducting Debra Article 51 of the United Nations Charter includes the right to Dobkowski from Washington, D.c' on May 5, 1992, taking ask for military assistance from other countries and to receive her against her will to Leesburg, Virginia, and returning her such assistance if offered. to Washington in the early morninghours of May 6. Sec. 3, United States Arms Embargo of the Government Kelly, a paid kidnapper for CA�, now faces a minimum of Bosnia-Hercegovina. of eight to nine years in prison. His bond has been revoked, (a) TERMINATION-The President shall terminate the and he is currently being held in thd Alexandria jail. United States arms embargo of the Government of Bosnia­ Kelly's conviction marks the �rst time one of CAN's Hercegovina upon receipt from that governmentof a request "deprogrammers" has been convicted in federal court. CAN for assistance in exercising its right of self-defense under has long served as a clearinghouse' for an international net­ Article 51. ... work of contract kidnappers; for a fee they will abduct people (b) DEFINITION-As used in this section, the term who are members of organizations which CAN labels "United States arms embargo of the Governmentof Bosnia­ "cults," and then "deprogram" them. of their beliefs-a eu- Hercegovina" means the application to the Government of phemism for brainwashing. Bosnia-Hercegovina of- CAN was instrumental in guiding the Bureau of Alcohol, (1) the policy adopted July 10, 1991, and published in Tobacco, and Firearms and the FBI into carrying out the the Federal Register of July 19, 1991 ...under the heading assault on the Branch Davidians in Waco, Texas which led "Suspension of Munitions Export Licenses to Yugoslavia"; and to the hecatomb in which S6 people died. In collaboration (2) any similar policy being applied by the United States with the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith (ADL) , Governmentas of the date of receipt of the request described CAN also played a role in federal and state government prose­ in subsection (a) pursuant to which approval is routinely cutions of the LaRouche movement. denied for transfer of defense articles and defense services Thus, the conviction and jailing of Kelly has the potential to the former Yugoslavia. to expose and knock out those sections of the Justice Depart­ Sec. 4, United States Military Assistance for Bosnia-Her­ ment which have worked with, and protected, the CAN-ADL cegovina. networks. Shock waves over the jailing of this key operative (a) POLICY-The President should provide appropriate can be expected to rip through the ADL, Scottish Rite Free­ military assistance to the Governmentof Bosnia-Hercegovi­ masons, and other corrupt networks. na upon receipt from that governmentof a request for assis­ tance .... Caught bragging (b) AUTHORIZATION OF MILITARY ASSIS­ In this case, Kelly had been hired by Donna Bruckert, TANCE- the mother of Dobkowski' s roommate , to kidnap her daugh­ (1) ...[T]h e President is authorized to direct the draw­ ter Beth. Kelly kidnapped Dobkowliki instead. The kidnap­ down of defense articles from the stocks of the Department ping was arranged through CAN. At his trial, Kelly testified of Defense, defense services of the Department of Defense, that he had conducted 30-40 kidnappings in the last 10-15 and military education and training in order to provide assis­ years. tance to the Governmentof Bosnia-Hercegovina. Such assis­ Kelly has specialized in so-called deprogramming, and tance shall be provided on such terms and conditions as the was notoriously rough. In the Dobkowski case, he worked President may determine. with members of the Lubavitcher group, who manhandled

EIR June 11, 1993 National 53 magazine and on Lawrence Tisclil's CBS network television program "Street Stories." I In addition to kidnapping, Kelly maintains a support group of victims who have be I n brainwashed by him or under his direction. One of thos victims, former LaRouche associate Chris Curtis, was a kiey government witness in federal and state LaRouche cases. Curtis was also featured on the "Street Stories" program.

Overwhelming evidence The government's evidence i the case against Kelly was overwhelming. In addition to th testimony of victim Debra Dobkowski, the jury heard excerpts of tape recordings made by an undercover FBI operative, former Loudoun County Deputy Sheriff Doug Poppa. Th secret tape recordings were made while Poppa was investigating the du Pont Smith kid­ napping conspiracy. During tho e conversations, Kelly ad­ mitted to kidnapping Dobkowsk· and bragged about how he "could talk his way out of any kionapping charge." . The government also called �ne of Kelly's other victims to testify . Wendy Mann, a Tamp,a, Florida woman, said she had been kidnapped by Kelly in June 1992. Her ordeal was similar to Dobkowski's.

IRS agent helps Kelly One aspect of the case sho�s the close connections be­ tween CAN and corrupt networks in law enforcement. On I May 20, just four days before Kelly's trial started, an Internal Revenue Service agent execute a search warrant at kidnap victim Dobkowski's home. Galen Kelly at his trial fo r the attempted kidnapping of Lewis du During the raid, IRS agents seized Dobkowski' s personal Pont Smith and his wife, Andrea , Dec. 31, 1992 . diaries, which were turned over 0 Kelly's defense lawyers . The diaries were used during th trial by defense lawyers to the victim. He was also known to have used physical force brutalize the witness about her r ligious beliefs , and formed in other cases, and to have conspired to violently abduct the subject of virtually the entir defense cross-examination Lewis du Pont Smith, an heir to the Du Pont fortune, and his of Dobkowski. wife Andrea. The Smiths are associates of Lyndon The IRS agent who swore Iout the search warrant was LaRouche. Patrick L. Lydon, who had beeh the chief IRS investigator According to FBI documents in the Dobkowski case, in the Alexandria federal prosecption of LaRouche in 1988. former Loudoun County, Virginia Deputy Sheriff Donald L. During the LaRouche prosecution, Lydon worked closely Moore was waiting with Donna Bruckert at Carradoc Hall, with Kelly's kidnapping accomdlice, Don Moore . a hotel in Leesburg , while Kelly and three others went to Lydon's search warrant affihavit was based on surveil­ Washington to kidnap her daughter. During his trial, Kelly lance of Dobkowski and her robmmates last fall, after she testified that Moore had assisted in the preparations for the was kidnapped by Kelly, and jhst before Kelly et al. were kidnapping. arrested in the du Pont Smith ase. The affidavit contains Last September, Kelly and Moore made national news characterizations of Dobkowski and her roommates taken when they were arrested for conspiracy to kidnap Lewis du from Kelly and some of his brainwash victims. . Pont Smith. Kelly, Moore, E. Newbold Smith (Lewis In arguing for revocation of Kelly's bail, prosecutor Law­ Smith's father), and Robert "Biker Bob" Point, Kelly's attor­ rence Leiser brought up the kidnapper's history of crime. He ney, were acquitted in December 1992, after federal Judge also remarked that he expects Kelly to be indicted soon in Timothy Ellis instructed the jury to do so. New York State for a kidnappink he carried out there. Following the acquittal in what became known as the Some court observers are albo expecting another indict­ "Kidnappers, Inc." case, Kelly was featured in a favorable ment of anti-LaRouche operatite Don Moore, for his self­ light in coverage of the case in the April issue of VanityFa ir admitted role in abetting the Dobkowski kidnapping.

54 National EIR June 11, 1993 MarianAnder son tribute in sparking a Classicalrena issancecapit al by Marianna We rtz

A unique tribute to the living history of Marian Anderson churches and schools, accompanie� by a fine ensemble of (1897 -1993), who passed away April 8, was held at the Ebe­ strings from the D.C. Youth Orcheslra, aged 6 to 12 years . nezer United Methodist Church in Washington, D.C. on Sat­ The choir and string ensemble, con�ucted by Kathy Wolfe urday, May 29, sponsored by the Schiller Institute. Inspired of the Schiller Institute, were especially created for the event, by the great artist's commitment to breaking the barrier to commemorate Anderson's beginn�ngs in a humble church against black Americans performing Classical music in choir and to underline that every chil has the right to become 4. America's most prominent concert halls, the leading men a Marian Anderson. and women, black and white, who knew and worked with Dozens of small children from . the audience lined up Anderson, came to Washington to perform the singer's favor­ after the concert with their parents for autographs of the ite repertoire before an appreciative, overflow audience of performers . "This is a major reason we organized this con­ more than 800 people. cert," said Lynne Speed of the Schillpr Institute. "You never Featured were two artists known internationally for their know which of these little ones listeping will be inspired to own historic roles in integrating the Classical music world in become our next Marian Anderson 0t Roland Hayes." America. Baritone Robert McFerrin, now in his 70s, had heard Marian Anderson in person when he was a teenager in 'In her footsteps' St. Louis. In 1953, he won the New York Metropolitan Op­ The Schiller Institute's concept for the "Tribute to the era's "Auditions of the Air," the first African-American to Voice of the Century" was to present Anderson's life's work do so. As a result, McFerrin became the firstbla ck male artist in its full dimensionality, what might well be called her com­ at the Met, singing the lead role of Amonasro in Verdi's mitment to Truth and Beauty. Dennis Speed, Northeastern Aida, Rigoletto, and other roles, the start of a long operatic coordinator of the institute and master of ceremonies for the career. McFerrin debuted at the Met just weeks after Marian tribute, stated in an essay on Anderson that is featured in the Anderson had broken the ban on black artists in major roles concert program, "In these days, when many no longer know at the Met, when she sang the role of Ulrica in Verdi's Un the meaning of the term 'Classical cf.Ilture,' let us extend to Ballo in Maschera on Jan. 7, 1955. them this beautiful metaphor, the name, Marian Anderson. Tenor George Shirley had heard McFerrin perform when When they ask, 'Is there a connectiop between morality and Shirley was a teenager in Detroit. He debuted at the New culture?' let us say, with [Friedrich] Schiller, 'in a beautiful York Met in 1961 as Ferrando in Mozart's Cosi'Fan Tuite soul individual deeds are not properly moral, rather, the en­ and sang 189 performances there, in 27 roles over two de­ tire character is.' " cades, going on to sing at Glyndebournein Australia, Covent By the end of the concert, the quality of such a beautiful Garden in England, and La Scala in Milan , as well as soul and its impact on those fortunate enough to have been throughout the United States. touched by it, was clear to everyone in attendance. The entire three-hour concert was performed at the "natu­ The concert opened with an invQcation by Rev. Dr. Al­ ral" Verdi tuning of C-256 Hz, the lower Classical pitch based phonso Harrod, pastor of Ebenezer Church, who prayed for on the human voice, for which the Schiller Institute has led an divine inspiration for the gathering., This was followed by intemational campaign since 1988. Modem arbitrary high pitch the singing of "The Star-Spangled Banner," an Anderson is a major reason that great low voices such as Marian Ander­ favorite, accompanied by the Reed E1iementary School Band, son's are no longer being produced. Several performers ex­ Alan Clipper, conductor. In keeping with the occasion's pressed joy after the concert at the opportunity to sing at the commitment to Truth and Beauty, the entire national anthem voice's natural pitch, and endorsed the C-256 movement. was sung, perhaps for the first time in 25 years. In these An important part of the tribute was the accent put on "politically correct" times, the second verse, which gives local youth participation. The second half of the program thanks to God for making and preserving us as a nation, is was opened with a performance of Mozart's "Ave Verum" rarely performed. K. 618, sung by a choir of 60 children and adults from area Dennis Speed then read greetings, from two leading black

EIR June 11, 1993 National 55 Speed recalled. When one sees mer dignity and integrity, he said, the outrage done to her i 1939 when the Daughters of the American Revolution refused to allow her to sing at Constitution Hall "pales by com�arison." Her art reflectsthat dignity and integrity, he said, aJd "you'll hear that in her art as she performed and champion�d it." The program began with Frahz Schubert's "Ave Maria," perhaps Anderson's most famou� song, performed in Thom­ as Baker's English translation br soprano Linda Mabbs, ac­ companied by Danish-American pianist Bodil Frolund. Mabbs is recognized as one of America's leading exponents of vocal ornamentation and im rovisation, who debuted in Washington in 1977 with the Pa�1 Hill Chorale at the Kenne­ dy Center in Poulenc's GIOria ' he is now chairman of the Voice/Opera Department at thl University of Maryland in College Park . Mabbs also per rm ed two Richard Strauss lieder, "Morgen" and "Ciicilie,'' later in the first half of the program . Dr. Raymond Jackson, w o is known internationally Washington, D.C. Councilwoman Hilda Mason reads the both for his work as a concert ianist and for his published "Marian Anderson Posthumous Recognition Resolution ." �I Juilliard School dissertation on "The Piano Music of 20th­ Century Black Americans," ac ompanied all the artists fol­ artists who couldn't attend in person. Soprano Shirley Verrett lowing Mabbs on the program. said, "Miss Anderson had a profound influence in my life. I The "Ave Maria" was followed� by "0 mio Fernando" went to her recitals since I was a very little girl . I first came from Gaetano Donizetti' s La Fa rita, performed by mezzo­ to New York to sing because I had just won the Marian soprano Alexandra Zalska, who debuted in Belgrade as Prin­ Anderson Award ....I never until two years ago permitted cess Eboli in Giuseppe Verdi 's Don Carlo in 1990. Zalska myself to sing the 'Ave Maria' in public because, having later sang "Stride la vampa" fro Verdi's Il Trovatore . heard her, it impressed me so that I had her rendition in­ The young baritone Gor on Hawkins, who studied grained in my mind. . . ." both with Linda Mabbs and With George Shirley, was Mezzosoprano Mattiwilda Dobbs wrote, "Little did I re­ next, singing "Per me giunto" from Verdi's Don Carlo in alize when as a child I heard Marian Anderson in my home­ a warm and sweetly round voi(i:e. Hawkins debuted locally I town of Atlanta, Georgia, that she was making it possible for at the Washington Opera in 1J.I 86 and at the Met in 1989 me to follow in her footsteps, with a similar career some as Jake in Porgy and Bess. �_ �s final solo number on the years later. I just knew that it was the most beautiful singing program was an emotional version of "Goin' Home," the I'd ever heard, and that she was a beautiful, elegant black theme from Antonin Dvorak,k "New World Symphony" lady who enthralled and charmed the whole auditorium .. .. to which words were set by W A. Fisher, to commemorate Through her I had proof that it was possible for a black person Dvorak's devotion to teachibg Classical polyphony to to have a career as a concert singer, and when I found that I black American composers. I had a singing voice and began studying voice, I set my goals The final artist in the firsthalf of the program was George for such a career." Shirley, who began with a wdnderfully rich and dignified As she recounts, Dobbs followed Anderson's career to performance of Schubert's "Ani Die Musik," followed by the the end of the great singer's life. Dobbs sang at the Met one spiritual "Little Boy, How Old Are You?" Shirley told the year afterAnder son. She sang one of the spirituals for which audience that he was adding thls spiritual to the program to Anderson was famous when President Carter gave Anderson pay "homage to a man who has been an immense inspiration a medal of honor in a private ceremony at the White House. to all of us, including Marian lAnderson-Roland Hayes," And finally, Dobbs was present at the Kennedy Center in the great African-American tenor who was Anderson's men­ Washington at the private showing of the documentary of tor and model. Shirley sang t�e spiritual, whose subject is Anderson's life, put on in 1992 in honor of Anderson's 90th the Christ child's teaching in t e temple at 12 years of age, birthday. "It was a rich life that touched many people, and I in an arrangement by Hayes. t am happy that I was one of them," Dobbs concluded. Then, as if to underscore t e idea of passing the baton from Hayes to Hawkins, Shirl y concluded the first half of Passing the baton the program with the duet "Solenne in quest' ora" from "I saw Marian Anderson in 1961 when she sang 'The Star Verdi's La Forza del Desti�o, performed with Gordon Spangled Banner' at the inauguration of John F. Kennedy," Hawkins.

56 National EIR June 11, 1993 Passing the baton : (left to right) Gordon Hawkins, Dr. Raymond Jackson , and George Shirley accepting applause at the end of the concert.

A Classical Renaissance of bitter oppression, are Classical i form , and, if properly Following the intermission, the "Marian Anderson Post­ sung, are rightly part of the Classical tradition. humous Recognition Ceremonial Resolution" was presented The two final performers, mezzo oprano Janice Jackson by District of Columbia City Councilwoman Hilda Mason. and soprano Regina McConnell, com leted the program with The resolution was drafted by the City Council and passed some of Anderson's most famous repertoire. Jackson, a on May 4 by the full council. Mason asked for a show of young performer with a very pow�rful voice, debuted in hands of those who had been at the Lincoln Memorial in 1939 Washington in 1992 in Handel's M'essiah at the Kennedy when Anderson sang before a crowd of7 5,000 people. About Center. She performed first "Re, dfll' abisso, affrettati !" a dozen people raised their hands as Mason recalled her own from Verdi' s Un Ballo in M aschera , the aria of fortune-teller I experience there . She then read the resolution, which honors Ulrica which Anderson sang in her 1955 Met debut. Jackson Anderson's memory for "the sweet richness of her voice as followed this with Anderson's famoJs spiritual, "Were You it floated over the District of Columbia, and the strength of There When They Crucified My LoJd?" which brought the her dignity in rising above" the hatred that confronted her. audience leaping to their feet in appl use. The world-famous baritone Robert McFerrin then ap­ Finally, soprano Regina McConnell, who has toured Eu­ proached the stage to the roar of a standing ovation. McFerrin rope and the United States in Porgy nd Bess and is former recently suffered a stroke, as a result of which he lost some chairman of Voice at Howard University where she continues ability to speak, but none of his singing voice. After saying to teach and perform, closed the prog}am with Mozart's "Als I a few words of greeting in his hushed words, he began his Luise die Briefe," and Schubert's "Erlkonig. " Anderson is I performance with a powerful rendition of seven songs from famous for her rendition of the "Erlkonig," a difficultsetting Robert Schumann's "Dicterliebe," sung not only in beautiful of a Goethe poem about a dying b6y, which requires the I bel canto style, but with a poetic interpretation that brought performer to portray four different oharacters, utilizing the out every nuance of the Heinrich Heine poem. This was full power of vocal registration to adhieve this. McConnell followed by "Eri tu" from Verdi's Un Ballo in Maschera and ended with great drama, creating jus the right intense emo­ five spirituals. tional distinctions between the nadator, the boy, the Elf Between Hawkins, Shirley, and McFerrin, the question, King, and the father, bringing the audience to its feet. often debated in musical circles today, whether Negro spiri­ There is no doubt, as one concert-goertold this writer, that tuals can be performed as part of the Classical polyphonic this was the kind of event "which h�ppens only once in 25 literature, was settled. In particular, McFerrin's performance years." Fortunately, the Schiller InstitJte is committed to mak­ of "Give me Jesus, you can have the world," so evoked the ing such events a regular p� of the "qlasSiCal Renaissance" it quality of G.F. Handel's Messiah as to leave no doubt that is hoping to spark worldwide, to sav this dying civilization these spirituals, which are always triumphant, though born with the help of such beautiful souls as Marian Anderson.

EIR June 11, 1993 National 57 New San Francisco ADL spy indictments expected soon by Jeffrey Steinberg

Former San Francisco police officerTom Gerard made a brief Palme murder. Much later, ip. interviews with the Swedish court appearance on June 2 before Municipal Court Judge press, a top officialof the EastlGerman Stasi admitted public­ Dorothy von Beroldingen to have a hearing date set for July ly that the "LaRouche killed �alme" ruse had been designed 23 in the ongoing spy case involving the Anti-Defamation by East German intelligence �o misdirect investigators, and League of B'nai B'rith (ADL). On July 23, a formal date had been conduited into the western media by a core group will be set for a preliminary hearing to determine whether of secret Soviet bloc intellige�ce assets. (See EIR , Sept. 11, Gerard's case will be sent before ajury. 1992, "Stasi Agent: 'We Sprbad Lie That LaRouche Killed The Gerard appearance was the scene of a noisy demon­ Palme.' ") Where does that leave Irwin Suall? stration outside the courthouse by a group calling itself the Coalition Against Surveillance. The group, which included A long trial process the Arab-American Anti-Discrimination Committee, the Na­ Under California law, before a felony case goes to trial tional Lawyers Guild, the American Civil Liberties Union, before a jury, the judge hold$ a lengthy evidentiary hearing and a variety of Arab-American and other ethnic and political to determine whether the original grand jury indictment was groups that were targets of illegal ADL surveillance, de­ justified. Such a pre-trial process involves the examination manded full exposure of the nationwide espionage operation, of much of the evidence that will eventually be presented of which the San Francisco case is merely a piece. before a jury. Under California procedures, no plea agree­ Sources close to the San Francisco probe say that the ments or settlements of a felony case can occur before such delay in the Gerard trial date will not affect the expected a pre-trial evidentiary hearing has taken place. Therefore, if release of further indictments in the San Francisco case some­ there are felony indictments against the ADL and some of time before the end of June. Those indictments are expected its top officials, as expected!, much of the evidence of the to hit key officials of the ADL in both the Bay Area and League's criminal operations will be made pUblic. New York City, where the League maintains its national Sources familiar with the San Francisco district attor­ headquarters. ney's probe forecast that the process of pre-trial hearings and Last month, Assistant District Attorney John Dwyer, an eventual jury trial could t�e as long as two years. who has led the probe of ADL espionage, tax evasion, and Sources close to the ADLin New York City have toidEIR theftof classifiedgovernment data , told reporters that ADL that the League has already prepared an elaborate damage­ Fact-Finding Division chief Irwin Suall is definitely a target control strategy. A number of key officials caught up in of the probe. Suall hired a local criminal defense lawyer in the spy web are already expected to resign. These officials San Francisco and since late April has refused to talk to any reportedly include Irwin Sua!ll, San Francisco regional head reporters. Rick Hirshchaut, and national director Abraham Foxman. The identification of Suall as a kingpin in the spy ring Roy Bullock-the ADL spy in the Bay Area who, along raises important international questions. In 1986, Suall, a with Gerard and other ADL "moles" inside police depart­ leading officialof the Socialist Internationalwho was trained ments across the western United States, gathered classified at the Fabian socialist Ruskin Labor College at Oxford Uni­ data on tens of thousands of American citizens and nearly a versity in England, was caught colluding with Soviet KGB thousand political, religious, civil rights, and ethnic and East German Stasi intelligence officials in a coverup of groups-has been put out to pasture, according to reliable the assassination of Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme. sources. Suall, who traveledto Sweden immediately after the Pal­ Other possible targets of the reported ADL self-purge me murder, led the campaign to spread the lie that Swedish include Mira Lansky Boland, the Washington, D.C. "fact­ associates of Lyndon LaRouche were responsible for the finder" and former graduate' school classmate of convicted

58 National EIR June 11, 1993 spy Jonathan Jay Pollard. Lansky Boland, a former CIA Reagan years by jumping in bed with neo-conservativesand and Pentagon intelligence analyst, led a May 1991 ADL all­ anti-communist zealots. The acc0nlpanying piece, a defen­ expenses-paid junket for 11 police intelligence officers to sive article by the ADL's Foxman, pismissed the entire San Israel. Indicted ex-San Francisco police officerGerard was a Francisco spy scandal as one "Bia Lie" concocted by the member of that delegation, along with fi vepolice intelligence ADL's "anti-Semitic" adversaries. officersfrom the greater Washington, D.C. area. King and Berlet were used by the ADL throughout the One of those officers, Loudoun County, Virginia Sher­ 1980s in the League's multimillion�dollar criminal drive to iff's Lt. Donald Moore, was firednine months afterthe junket slander and then frame up Lyndo� LaRouche. Both have for stealing classified department files. An administrative been longstanding ADL "moles" in theleft-liberal communi­ investigation is now being conducted into Moore's possible ty. Berlet is currently financed by Fommodities speculator links to the ADL nationwide spy ring; and if that probe bears and drug legalization guru Richard Dennis of Chicago. fruit, Lansky Boland could find herself in the same position as Bullock. Damage control won't work I The various efforts by the ADr to control the damage The Israeli dimension from the San Francisco scandal are all destined to fail. Al­ According to ADL-linked sources, the ongoing spy scan­ ready, efforts to prevent the spread of the scandal to other dal in the United States is having a significant impact on the parts of the country are breaking do�n. After a districtattor­ Israeli political situation and the efforts by the government ney in Portland, Oregon attempted �o shut down a probe of of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin to revive the Middle East local police collusion with the AqL, a local investigative peace negotiations. During the 1977-92 period, when the reporter with the Oregonian newspaIl'erunearthed documents Likud bloc was in power, both the ADL and the American­ released by the San Francisco poliqe that had been ignored Israeli Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) lined up squarely by the district attorney's investig�ion. Those documents with the Israeli governmentin opposing serious concessions showed clearly that the police were .�' athering illegal data on to Palestinians on land-for-peace and related issues. ADL's local citizens and passing it regul ly to the ADL between m(, close relations with Gen. Ariel Sharon and spymaster "Dirty" 1980 and 1993. That probe has, as � result, been reopened. Rafi Eytan. the controller of Pollard, became notorious dur­ Last month, the ADL released � 51-page special report ing the mid-1980s. titled "Fact Finding: Protection A�ainst Extremism." The Inside the United States, the ADL-Likud alliance ex­ document includes a seven-page section of "questions and pressed itself in the League's deep involvement in the Iran­ answers" about the San Francisco espionage caper, filled Contra "secret government" apparatus associated with Lt. with lies and misrepresentations th.t are already disproven Col. Oliver North, the National Endowment for Democracy by documents publicly released froJ!nthe San Francisco po­ ("Project Democracy"), and the use of the South American lice. In the report, the ADL categom::ally denies that it spied drug cartels in financingcovert operations. The ADL immer­ on the National Association for the Advancement of Colored sion in this U.S.-Israeli dirty intelligence alliance was, ac­ People (NAACP), Greenpeace, KQED-FM radio (public ra­ cording to sources, directed by then-ADL national director dio in San Francisco), the United Farm Workers, the Ameri­ Nathan Perlmutter. When he was replaced by Abe Foxman, can Civil Liberties Union, and otheheft-liberal groups. the ADL's profile remained unchanged. While the ADL's This kind of "massaging" the public record will only spying on the civil rights movement dates back to the 1960s serve to further anger investigators apd victims of the ADL's and its monitoring of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. , the broad­ systematic spy operations. A WashiqgtonJewish Week edito­ based surveillance against virtually every political activist in rial defense of the ADL, labeling fqrmer congressman Pete America has been linked by sources to the ADL-Likud-Proj­ McCloskey "one of Palestine Libera�ion Organization Chair­ ect Democracy marriage. man Vasser Arafat's chief congres�ional apologists," will It is those "neo-conservative" networks in both the United not help the ADL's legal situationieither. McCloskey has States and Israel that are today committed to wrecking the filed a Californiastate class action sUit against the ADL, and fragile prospects for some kind of peaceful solution to the among the plaintiffs in the case is tigal Arens, the son of Israel-Palestine conflict. Thus, Rabin has a strong, personal former Israeli Defense Minister MO$he Arens and a leading vested interest in seeing to it that the ADL and AIPAC figures Israeli peace activist. I most closely allied with the radical right wing in Israel and The public battle-within the JeWish community and ls- I in the international"Jewish lobby" are cut down to size. rael, and within the United States as ajwhole-has just begun. This internal struggle within the Israel lobby was reflect­ If, as police sources say, the prosec,tion of the ADL in San ed in a pair of lengthy editorial-page commentaries published Francisco could go on for up to two Yfars, the public spotlight on May 28 in the New York Times. The first of the two on ADL criminality will remain bri$ht. And whatever kind articles, penned by longtime ADL stringers Dennis King and of damage control efforts the ADL lapnches will fall far short Chip Berlet, accused the ADL of going wrong during the of their goal of returning to their dirt� business as usual.

EIR June 11, 1993 National 59 Congressional Closeup by William Jones

Clinton 'retreatism' a constitutional amendment since the Muslim countries perpetuating anti­ flailed by D' Amato length of terms are determined by the Americtmsentiments , Pakistan serves In floorremarks on May 26, Sen. AI­ Constitution. Although the "term-lim­ as our one and best opportunity to de­ fonse D' Amato (R-N. Y.) attacked the it" issue has been championed by pop­ velop and change the relationship recent statements by Undersecretary ulists, gaining the two-thirds majority Ameriqa has with Muslim nations," of State for Political Affairs Peter Tar­ needed in both houses of Congress (as she sai4,. noff as "retreatism" and "Jimmy Car­ well as among the states) to change ter's foreign policy warmed over." the Constitution is not going to be an Tarnoffhad outlined a policy of U. S. easy task. disengagement from world affairs. Even in states where some form D' Amato also referred to testimo­ of term limits has been imposed by Kaptur: Drug traffic ny given by Secretary of State Warren popular vote, the constitutionality of threatens NAFT A Christopher at recent hearings on Bos­ the measures has yet to be tested in the Rep. Marcy Kaptur (D-Ohio) urged nia, where he stated that the United courts. Speaker Tom Foley (D­ Congre!Ss not to approve the North States had no moral right to intervene Wash.), whose home state had im­ Ameridan Free Trade Agreement in the conflict, as "proof of the authen­ posed term limits in a referendum last (NAFftA) unless U.S. borders are ticity of this policy." D' Amato char­ fall, is challenging the measure in "locked tight from drug runners." acterized the statements as "outra­ court. The Washington legislation Kaptur referred to an article in the geous." "Our allies and foes alike would require its House members to May 24 New York Times which report­ view the United States as weak and leave officeafter six years of service. ed that: Mexican cocaine smugglers, ineffectual," he said, warningthat by working with Colombian drug cartels, refusing to act in Bosnia, Clinton had were "buying maquiladora factories "abdicated our position as a world just south of the border, to use as front leader" and "compromised our integ­ operations for drug-running if the rity as a nation." Pakistan not a 'terrorist NAFTAagreement is accepted." nation,' says Collins "TJtade negotiators committed an Rep. Barbara-Rose Collins (D-Mich.) appalling oversight when they ne­ warnedagainst labeling Pakistan as a glected even to discuss the illegal drug terrorist state, a measure which would trade,": said Kaptur, "in spite of re­ Term-limit legislation make it ineligible for any U.S. aid, peated urgings by members of Con­ introduced in the House including humanitarian aid, and gress.'� On May 26, Rep. Martin Hoke (D­ would require Congress to vote Ohio) introduced legislation which against any loans to Pakistan from would impose a 12-year limit on the multilateral lending agencies. The terms of all members of Congress and U.S. State Department had issued a provide for an increase of House terms statement on Jan. 8, which said that B an on immigration of from two years to four. The amend­ Pakistan would be placed under "ac­ HIV positives is upheld ment would also prohibit congress­ tive continuing review"because of al­ The Senate passed by voice vote on men from running for the Senate un­ leged terrorist activities in Kashmir May 28, a medical research bill that less they resign from the House or and Punjab. bans immigrants infected with the choose to seek this office during the Collins referred to the close col­ AIDS virus. final year of their current term. laboration between the United States The bill was sent to President The term-limit issue has been tout­ and Pakistan, especially following the Clinton, who, although he opposes ed by pundits such as syndicated col­ Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in exludi�g immigrants on the basis that umnist George Will as designed to 1979, and noted that Pakistan was not they !lie HIV-positive, is expected to bring in "new blood." But the net ef­ named in the April 1993 State Depart­ sign tQe measure. The White House fect would likely be to strengthen the ment annual report to Congress on has said it would be inappropriate to influence of think-tanks, staff, and "Patternsof Global Terrorism, 1992." hold uP funding for women's health news media, all heavily dominated by Collins underlined the fact that Paki­ researCh over. the immigrant ban, the EasternEsta blishment. stan is the world's third largest moder­ which has been upheld by both houses The legislation was introduced as ate Muslim country. "With many of COQgress.

60 National EIR June 11, 1993 Long-term mandate for "Support was particularly strong The White House claimed "victo­ U.S. role in Somalia for maintaining a human presence in ry ," but it promises to be a pyrrhic The House passed a resolution on May space through such programs as the one. Already, tbe administration has 25 which would give carte blanche to space shuttle and space station," said had to agree to limits on the growth President Clinton to utilize U . S. Bacchus. Nine out of ten respondents of entitlement programs, with deeper troops in connection with the United said they view the shuttle as a "re­ cuts still to com� as further efforts are Nations-led force in Somalia for as markable technological achievement" made to jockey the resolution through long as one year. The resolution was and "a source of pride for the United the Senate. Dempcratic senators criti­ introduced by House Foreign Affairs States ....In addition, 70% favored cal of the reduction package, such as Committee Chairman Lee Hamilton a program to build a permanently John Breaux (La.) and David Boren (D-Ind.) and passed by a vote of 243- manned space station to orbit Earth." (Okla.), indicate that there is a com­ 179. Seventy-six percent of those surveyed promise in the offing when the bill Although U.N. forces were to said they "approve of America's cur­ comes before the Senate. Boren had have taken over from the United rent civilian space program," with introduced an allernative that would States in Somalia, there are still 2, 700 57% agreeing that America's civilian impose even mote drastic caps on en­ U.S. troops remaining. The Hamilton program should be expanded. He not­ titlement spending than those agreed resolution allows the President to de­ ed that 87% of those surveyed be­ to by the Preside�t. ploy these (and other) U.S. forces in lieved that the civilian space program Somalia, although this time under "has a vital role in allowing the United U.N. command, if he deems fit. The States to remain economically com­ ostensible aim of the resolution was to petitive and continue its status as a make clear to the Somali war lords that world leader in technology." Congressmen denounce the United States would come back if "I hope we will remember," said Croatia's Tu4jman they resumed pillaging. Bacchus, "as obviously the American In an open letter to President Clinton The resolution preempts any need people remember, that for every dol­ released at a press conference on May for President Clinton to tum to Con­ lar we invested in the space program, 25, a bipartisan group of 12 congress­ gress for permission to deploy more we generated $7 in additional gross men expressed their concern about troops, which is required by the War national product for the American "the authoritariaq tendencies of Presi­ Powers Act. According to the resolu­ people. I hope we will remember that dent of Croatia FranjoTud jman, who tion, U.S. Armed Forces would during the past half-century, two­ has exhibited an intolerance toward "serve as a tactical quick reaction thirds of our productivity increases free press and p<>litical expression in force, under United States operational can be attributed to advances in tech­ Croatia." control, to respond to requests for nology, such as the space program." The letter caUs for "a fair and ob­ emergency assistance from the United jective investigation into the murders Nations Force Commander in So­ and attempted as�assinations of oppo­ malia." sition leaders in Croatia. In addition, we urge you to encourage Tudjman to Budget resolution allow the establ�shment of indepen­ barely passes House dent television and radio stations in After intense White House lobbying, Croatia and to ! stop his campaign Bacchus argues Space the Clinton administration's five-year against free press." Station helps economy deficit reduction plan passed the The congressmen signing the let­ In floor comments on May 27, Rep. House by a slim six-vote majority. ter are: James trafficant (D-Ohio), Jim Bacchus (D-Fla.) reminded mem­ According to Capitol Hill sources, as­ Joel Hefley (R-C<>lo.), Louis Stokes bers of the importance to the economy surances were given by the adminis­ (D-Ohio), Vic Fazio (D-Calif.), Luis of investments in the space program, tration that the package would have to Gutierrez (D-IllJ) , Paul Henry (R­ in an appeal for support for Space Sta­ be whittled down, especially the BTU Mich.), Ron Oellums (D-Calif.), tion Freedom. He also referred to a energy tax, in order to pass the Senate. Howard Berman (D-Calif.), Edolphus recent survey by Yankelovich Part­ This was enough to bring some Demo­ Town (D-N.Y.); Benjamin Gilman ners indicating strong public support cratic critics of the plan on board the (R-NY), Martin frost (D-Tex.), and for the space program. President's proposal. Pat Schroeder (DtColo.). .

EIR June 11, 1993 National 61 National News

The elections had turned into a pitched search wmant? The affidavit contained an battle between supporters and opponents of allegation that Mr. Koresh had told a social Fernandez's New Age agenda, which in­ worker th� he was a messenger of God and Independence co-signers cluded the promotion of sexual promiscuity that, whe� the time came, the violenc� in under the guise of "AIDS prevention," and Waco would make the Los Angeles flotS to convene July 2-4 the teaching of homosexuality to children as pale in corpparison. The statement, howev­ It was announced on May 31 that a conven­ young as firstgrade . er, was $upposedly made on April 6, tion will be held in Philadelphia to co-sign The opposition to the Rainbow Curricu­ 1992-th$: and a half weeks before the the Declaration of Independence. The con­ lum was spearheaded by a loose alliance L.A. riot� began. Apparently somebody ference is sponsored by the Baptist Minis­ of Protestants, Jews, and Roman Catholics, lied abouti Mr. Koresh's 'threat,' and the ters Conference and the AME Preacher including the New York Catholic Archdio­ magistrateididn't notice." Meeting of Philadelphia, the International cese. The coalition distributed 500,000cop­ Civil Rights Movement, the Student Non­ ies of a voters guide, draftedby the Christian Violent Constitutional Committee, and Stu­ Coalition, which reviewed the candidates' dents for Educational and Economic Devel­ positions. Staten Island Rabbi Saul Eisner, opment. The steering committee is chaired chairman of the Community Resources I by the Rev. James L. Bevel and co-chaired Corp., a Jewish coalition organized to de­ As ou�ry mounts, Texas by the Rev. Marshall L. Shepard, attorney feat the homosexual lobby, told this news Almanina Barbour, and Amelia Platts service, "I can't conceive of any Jewish or­ court stays execution ganization that would put these camps' 'so­ Boynton Robinson. The executive director The TexasiCourt of Criminal Appeals voted cial mores' ahead of real education. " is Dennis Speed. 5-4 to stay Gary Graham's execution for 30 As Reverend Bevel put it, "With the days on JUne 2. The ruling was the result of right of citizenship and the sovereignty of an intematlionalmobilization based upon his our nation being undermined from within strong pr�fs of innocence. Only three and without, it is imperative that we as citi­ weeks earlier, on May 12, the state had exe­ zens purify ourselves and clarify our Decla­ Falsehoods uncovered in cuted Leopel Herrera despite extraordinary ration of Independence. The fundamental evidence of innocence. truth captured in the Declaration of Indepen­ ATF's Waco affidavit Grahatn's lawyers asked for the stay of dence is universal. As the 1960s civil rights "Unsettling Questions in Probe of Waco" execution I on four grounds, two of which movement asserted these principles and is the title of a June I commentary in the were rela�d to Graham's new evidence of broke down the walls of injustice, in the face Washington Times. by free-lance writer innocencei. While four of the nine judges of today's national and international chaos Thomas Fiddleman and David Kopel of the of the Tetas Court voted to hear the new and crises, we must reassert those principles Firearms Research Project and the Cato In­ evidence, ithe relief granted was more nar­ of the Declaration of Independence once stitute. The original federal raid on David row . The (:ourt said it would stay GaryGra­ again." Koresh's Branch Davidian compound "nev­ ham's ex�cution until the U.S. Supreme er should have occurred," they wrote . The Court rule«;on the case of Johnson v. Texas. original affidavit was procured by an inex­ which challenges the constitutionality of perienced Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms Texas's refusal to consider "youth" a miti­ agent, Davy Aguilera, and the affidavit · gating factor in imposing capital punish­ "failed to establish probable cause. . .. ment. W�e he guilty, Graham would have New York voters reject Some parts of the affidavit were plainly been a minor (17) when he committed the false. For example, Agent Aguilera told the crime. The court's order states: "This peti­ 'gay' agenda for schools federal magistrate that Mr. Koresh had pos­ tion repre$ents the worst case scenario--the Following the ouster earlier this year of New session of a 'clandestine' firearms publi­ possibility that a person might be unconsti­ York City Schools Chancellor Joseph Fer­ cation. tutionally!punished by the legal system; that nandez by parents angry at his sponsorship "The 'clandestine' publication was is, the apPellant could be put to death for of the pro-homosexual "Children of the Shotgun News. a national newspaper that somethin3 which is, within 30 days, deter­ Rainbow" curriculum, advocates of "alter­ carries want-ads by gun retailers and whole­ mined to, be unconstitutional. With this native lifestyles" received another setback salers. The newspaper is sold at newsstands much at stake, the state will wait 30 days." in citywide School Board elections May 4. all over the country, and to tens of thousands The U. S. �upreme Court must rule on John­ A record high turnout of 425,000 voters of subscribers. With a circulation of son v. TeJfas before June 30. gave victory to more than 60 candidates who 150,000, it's no more clandestine than the The Tj!xas Boardof Pardons and Paroles campaigned on a "pro-family issues" plat­ New Republic.. . . met the s�me day , but took no action after form . In the Bronx, voters returnedto office "Why did the [ATF] think Mr. Koresh the court�s stay. The board has reportedly a number of School Board officials who had was violent, thereby justifying its perpetrat­ received �housands of calls since April 6. been thrown out by Fernandez. ing an armed assault to present a simple The very �act that the board met is also due

62 National EIR June 11, 1993 Btilffly

• DOUGLAS WILDER, gover­ nor of Virginia, called for "forgive­ ness of debt" for Africa to allow it to to the mobilization: Since the U.S. Supreme warming, ozone depletion, acid rain, nucle­ develop, in a speech on May 25, at Court declared in Herrera that state clemen­ ar winter, radon, and cancer risks from the second African-African-Ameri­ cy proceedings were the remedy for cases chemicals. The last panel was on the role of can Conferenqe in Gabon. Wilder has where new evidence of innocence was ob­ the media in spreading lies and disinforma­ invited 20 African leaders to attend tained,the Texas board and Gov. Ann Rich­ tion. The conference was co-sponsored by the Southern Governors Conference ards, who says she lacks the power to grant the International Institute of George Mason in Richmond in mid-September. clemency without the board's authorization, University and the Science and Environ­ have been broadly attacked . Calls continue mental Policy Project. • NANCY $PANNAUS, political to Gov. Ann Richards to grant clemency at It was clear from the presentations and associate of Lyndon LaRouche, an­ (512) 463-2000as well as to the Texas Board discussions that there is an upheaval in the nounced on ay 28 that she has offi­ of Pardons and Paroles at (512) 406-5867 . scientific community against the environ­ cially qualifie to be on the ballot for mental frauds that have been perpetrated in � governor of irginia this fall. Span­ the past several decades. At the same time, naus will run as an independent the speakers on the media panel emphasized against formet state attorney general that the most prominent newspapers and Democrat M� Sue Terry. Spannaus magazines in the country, have decided to USDA disputes EPA's is heading a state of some 20 candi­ shift their coverage of environmental issues dates under ttie banner, "Bring Jus­ methyl bromide phaseout to reflect some scientific truth, not just the tice to Virginia." A dispute is building within the Clinton ad­ claims of the environmentalists. I ministration over the Environmental Protec­ • HIV INFJ:CTION rates have tion Agency's mandated phaseout of methyl made a big jump among Texas wom­ ' bromide in January 2000. That target is too en who hav iven birth, going from early and too drastic, according to the U.S. 0.9 per I, in 1991 to 1.14 per Department of Agriculture. There is no sci­ Separatist Lombard League 1,000 in 199� ,a27% rise. The fig­ entificevidence that the widely used chemi­ ures are based:on random blood sam­ cal depletes the ozone layer, and there is no called model for U.S. ples drawn from newborns by the replacement developed for the pesticide and Thomas Fleming, editor of the Rockford In­ Texas Department of Health. The fumigant. stitute's Chronicles magazine, called for testing is anonymous, so there is no Nancy Ragsdale, who directs the setting up aU. S. separatist movement along way to inform the women that they, USDA's National Pesticide Impact Assess­ the lines of Italy's Lombard League and or­ and possibly tlheir infants, carry the ment Program, said of the EPA action: "We ganized a conference along the same theme HIV virus. . would prefer better science before such in March. drastic action is taken." It will cost farmers Fleming, who is avidly pro-Confeder­ • A CLASS1FIED CIA report says $1.6 billion to replace methyl bromide. ate, wrote in the February issue of Chroni­ that Kuwait �ay have "cooked the USDA environmental toxicologist Willis cles that "the reality of life in America" is books" on tM alleged Iraqi plot to Wheeler stated: "There really isn't good sol­ "the rioting and rampages perpetuatedby an assassinate George Bush, according id evidence of methyl bromide's ozone underclass that consists, for the most part, to the Boston Globe on May 28 . The depletion potential. This order could be off of unassimilated minorities ....There are May 13 analysis by the CIA's Count­ by an order of magnitude ." only two alternatives for this continental er Terrorism qenter says that the Ku­ empire that has never been a real nation: waitis may h�ve used an unrelated either we findthe means to decentralize de­ Iraqi weapon�-smuggling operation cision-making and restore authority to the to try to puff a threat to western in- old institutions of family and town and terests. ! country (and even state), or else we lapse Science panels debunk into a multifaceted civil war of blacks • FLORID1\. state legislators ap­ against Hispanics against whites against proved a bill .0 cut back mandatory environmental frauds blacks against Jews." sentencing, by rewriting the state's More than 200 scientists, intellectuals, and He called for the creation ofa movement lO-year-old g(lidelines on May 28 . journalists met overMay 24-25 in W ashing­ devoted to "political devolution," privatiza­ Attorney General Janet Reno, a for­ ton, D.C. for a conference on "Scientific tion, and "protection of the national inter­ mer Dade CO/lnty district attorney, Integrity in the Public Policy Process," to est." "If there is no movement or party wit!­ has pointed t<) Florida's sentencing examine the impact of scientific frauds on ing to embrace a Leghist program," he laws as an example of an ineffective science, public policy, and legislation. wrote, "then one needs to be formed, and if policy which �s forcing the state to Some of the world's top experts in various that is impossible, my advice is to stockpile release violent criminals because of scientific fields debunked the most popular ammunition and invest in bullet-proof doors prison overcrdwding. scares in the press today, including global and shutters."

EIR June 11, 1993 National 63 Editorial

On terror

The week of May 23 saw a new wave of international groups, and in arranging a series of assassinations, was terror. While each of three major and several minor well known to intelligence ag�ncies in Italy, Germany, incidents appeared to be unique and distinct, taken to­ and the United States-in no small measure due to the gether, an entirely different picture emerges . work of EIR in exposing the matter. First, on May 26, Mexican Cardinal Juan Jesus This is a process begun in the 19th century , under Posadas Ocampo was murdered. An attempt was made the leadership of Britain's Lord Palmerston , who used to stage the incident to appear as a drug-related shooting assets such as Giuseppe Maz�ini to destroy Italy , or at so that the death might seem accidental , but this was least to control it. The Ver�ailles Treaty , the post­ quickly disproven. World War II Yalta agreement, and the New Yalta On the same day , a car bomb exploded near the policies represented by the Thatcher-Gorbachov-Bush Uffizi Gallery in Florence, destroying priceless paint­ troika, represent a continuation of these same policies ings and sculptures and killing 5 and injuring 30 people. in this century . Anglo-American forces and their B'nai This has been officially attributed to the mafia; how­ B'rith allies, organized through freemasonic channels, ever, within and without Italy , such an action by crimi­ are working to destroy nation� such as Germany, Italy, nal gangs alone is viewed as improbable, especially and Mexico. when coupled with the fact that another car bomb was Historically, Scottish Rite Freemasonry has been the placed near the seat of the governmentin Rome on June ideological center of the British imperial faction, which 2. itself was an offshoot in the 17th century of a Venetian In Germany, there have been a number of arsons, grouping. The essence of the matter is the Venetian party with the most horrible being the burning alive of five faction, or the imperial faction of Britain, as exemplified long-time Turkish residents in Germany (three adults by Lord Palmerston and the rnle of the British Grand and two children) . This has unleashed a typical gang­ Lodge over such European lodges as the Grand Orient countergang operation, with neo-Nazi skinheads and the B 'nai B'rith . This faction is determined to destroy squared off against radical terrorists of the Danny the nation-states of the world, andto impose a new feudal­ Cohn-Bendit stripe. While there is extensive documen­ ism in the form of one-world government in its place. tation that the neo-Nazi skinhead phenomenon is not a Such a plan is utopian and cannot succeed, but it is none­ "German" phenomenon but is being led by skinheads theless extremely dangerous. from Britain and Ku Klux Klansmen in the United This faction is the global enemy which must be States, this incident is being used as the pretext to destroyed if civilization is to be preserved. It is not that launch new scare stories about the emergence of a so­ they can win, but that all civilization may be destroyed, called "Fourth Reich." as whole nations become bestialized on the model of All these incidents point to a massive destabiliza­ the Serbian monstrosity . A first step, is to recognize tion campaign targeting the Vatican in particular, and that terrorism is not a local occurrence, but that it is western Christian culture in general . The fact that , on being directed by an international cabal and must be May 30, some 150,000 people marched in Florence to fought accordingly on an international level. protest these outrages, was a hopeful indication that The post-Versailles world order is rapidly crum­ the bestiality signaled by these terrorist incidents will bling , and the situation is going out of control. The backfire . Of course, this is some 15 years overdue . Anglo-American "Venetians" of today are far weaker Fifteen years ago, the role of British Masonry and than the British Empire was at the time of the American its offshoots in fomenting right- and left-wing terrorist Revolution. Their defeat is long overdue .

64 National EIR June 11, 1993 SEE LAROUCHE ON CAB L E TV

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