COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2015 Manhattan Community District 7: UPPER WEST SIDE (Including Lincoln Square, Manhattan Valley and Upper West Side) Health is rooted in the circumstances of our daily lives and the environments in which we are born, grow, play, work, love and age. Understanding how community conditions affect our physical and mental health is the first step toward building a healthier New York City. UPPER WEST SIDE TOTAL POPULATION WHO WE ARE 215,329 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 POPULATION BY RACE AND ETHNICITY 67% White* 15% Hispanic 8% Asian* 7% Black* 2% Other* POPULATION BY AGE HAVE LIMITED 35% ENGLISH NYC 22% PROFICIENCY 27% 18% 15% NYC ARE 8% 0–17 18–246% 25–44 45–64 65+ FOREIGN 0 - 17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ BORN PERCENT WHO REPORTED THEIR OWN HEALTH AS “EXCELLENT,” LIFE EXPECTANCY ”VERY GOOD” OR “GOOD” 83.8 89% YEARS * Non-Hispanic Note: Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding Sources: Overall population, race and age: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates, 2013; Foreign born and English proficiency: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2011-2013; Self-reported health: NYC DOHMH Community Health Survey, COMMUNITY2011-2013; Life Expectancy: HEALTH NYC DOHMH PROFILESBureau of Vital Statistics, 2015: 2003-2012 UPPER WEST SIDE 2 Note from Dr. Mary Bassett, Commissioner, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene New York City is a city of neighborhoods. Their diversity, rich history and people are what make this city so special. But longstanding and rising income inequality, combined with a history of racial residential segregation, has led to startling health inequities between neighborhoods. Poor health outcomes tend to cluster in places that people of color call home and where many residents live in poverty. Life expectancy in Brownsville, for example, is 11 years shorter than in the Financial District. And this is not because residents of Brownsville are dying of unusual diseases, but because they are dying of the same diseases – mostly heart disease and cancer – at younger ages and at higher rates. This is unfair and avoidable. A person’s health should not be determined by his or her ZIP code. Reducing health inequities requires policymakers, health professionals, researchers and community groups to advocate and work together for systemic change. In One New York: The Plan for a Strong and Just City (OneNYC), Mayor Bill de Blasio has outlined a vision to transform this city, and every neighborhood, guided by the principles of growth, equity, sustainability and resiliency. Our communities are not simply made up of individual behaviors, but are dynamic places where individuals interact with each other, with their immediate environments and with the policies that shape those environments. The Community Health Profiles include indicators that reflect a broad set of conditions that impact health. Our hope is that you will use the data and information in these Community Health Profiles to advocate for your neighborhoods. MARY T. BASSETT, MD, MPH COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2015: UPPER WEST SIDE 3 Navigating TABLE OF CONTENTS this document This profile covers all of Manhattan Community WHO WE ARE District 7, which includes PAGE 2 Lincoln Square, Manhattan Valley and Upper West Side, but the name is shortened to just Upper West Side. This is NEIGHBORHOOD CONDITIONS one of 59 community districts PAGE 5 in New York City (NYC). Community districts are ranked SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC on each indicator. The highest CONDITIONS PAGES 6 AND 7 rank (#1) corresponds to the largest value for a given measure. Sometimes a high rank indicates a positive measure of health HEALTHY LIVING (e.g., ranking first in flu PAGES 8 AND 9 vaccination). Other times, it indicates a negative measure of health (e.g., ranking first in the premature death rate). HEALTH CARE PAGE 10 The following color coding system is used throughout this document: HEALTH OUTCOMES PAGES 11, 12 AND 13 UPPER WEST SIDE BEST-PERFORMING COMMUNITY DISTRICT MANHATTAN NOTES PAGES 14 AND 15 NEW YORK CITY MAP AND CONTACT INFORMATION BACK COVER COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2015: UPPER WEST SIDE 4 Housing quality Poorly maintained housing is associated with negative health outcomes, including asthma and other respiratory illnesses, injuries and poor mental health. The percentage of Upper West Side homes with maintenance defects is similar to the city average. Maintenance defects (percent of renter-occupied homes with at least one maintenance defect) NEIGHBORHOOD 100% Maintenance defects include water leaks, cracks and holes, inadequate CONDITIONS heating, presence of mice or rats, toilet breakdowns and peeling paint. NYC 59% 50% MANHATTAN 57% Where we live 0% determines the Tottenville Upper West Side and Great Kills 53% quality of the air we 18% (RANKS 37TH) breathe, the homes (RANKS 59TH) we live in, how safe NYC Housing and Vacancy Survey, 2011 we feel, what kinds Air pollution of food we can Although NYC air quality is improving, air pollution, such as fine particles (PM2.5), can cause easily access health problems, particularly among the very young, seniors and those with preexisting health 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 and more. conditions. In the Upper West Side, levels of PM2.5, the most harmful air pollutant, are 10.3 micrograms per cubic meter, compared with 10.7 in Manhattan and 8.6 citywide. Air pollution (micrograms of fine particulate matter per cubic meter) 10.3 7.6 10.7 8.6 Upper West Side Rockaway and Manhattan NYC (RANKS 7TH) Broad Channel (RANKS 59TH) NYC DOHMH, Community Air Survey, 2013 Retail environment When healthy Tobacco retailers are less prevalent in the Upper West Side than in the city overall. There are 188 foods are readily square feet of supermarket space per 100 people, similar to the city average. Tobacco retailers Supermarket square footage available, it is (per 10,000 population) (per 100 population) easier to make healthy choices. 6 6 188 450 Upper West Side Upper West Side South Beach and TH Bayside and Little TH (RANKS 57 ) Neck (RANKS 59TH) (RANKS 19 ) Willowbrook (RANKS 1ST) 13 11 207 177 Manhattan NYC Manhattan NYC NYC Department of Consumer Affairs, 2014 New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets, 2014 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2015: UPPER WEST SIDE 5 Adult educational attainment In the Upper West Side, 79% of adults have college degrees, and only 6% of adults have not completed high school. Highest level of education attained (adults 25 years and older) FINANCIAL DISTRICT & UPPER WEST SIDE GREENWICH VILLAGE AND SOHO 79% 84% SOCIAL AND College graduate College graduate 15% 12% High school graduate High school graduate ECONOMIC or some college or some college CONDITIONS 6% 4% Less than high school Less than high school MANHATTAN NEW YORK CITY 63% 41% Higher education College graduate College graduate levels are associated 24% 39% High school graduate High school graduate with better health or some college or some college 14% 20% outcomes. Less than high school Less than high school Note: Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2011-2013 11% of residents Income Living in poverty limits healthy lifestyle choices and makes it difficult to access health of the Upper care and resources that can promote health and prevent illness. Unemployment and West Side live unaffordable housing are also closely associated with poverty and poor health. About one below the in fourteen Upper West Side adults ages 16 and older is unemployed, and two-fifths of Federal Poverty residents spend more than 30% of their monthly gross income on rent. Level; 48 districts Economic stress have higher Best-performing Upper West Side community district Manhattan NYC poverty rates. 11% 6% 18% 21% Poverty (RANKS 49TH) Tottenville and Great Kills (RANKS 59TH) 7% 5% 8% 11% Unemployment (RANKS 53RD) Greenwich Village and Soho & Financial District (RANKS 58TH) Rent 41% 37% 45% 51% (RANKS 53RD) Greenwich Village and burden Soho & Financial District (RANKS 58TH) U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2011-2013 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2015: UPPER WEST SIDE 6 Children and adolescents The littlest New Yorkers all deserve the same opportunities for health. In the Upper West Side, the rate of preterm births, a key driver of infant death, is lower than the city rate, and the teen birth rate is less than half the city average. Preterm births SOCIAL AND (percent of all live births) 7.1 5.7* 8.1 9.0 ECONOMIC Upper West Side Midtown Manhattan NYC (RANKS 52ND) (RANKS 59TH) CONDITIONS Teen births (per 1,000 girls ages 15-19) 9.5 16.0 23.6 Child and 1.1* adolescent health Upper West Side Financial Manhattan NYC (RANKS 48TH) District are a signal of (RANKS 59TH) Elementary school a community’s absenteeism current well-being (percent of students missing 13 20 20 or more school days) 18 and potential. 4 Upper West Side Financial Manhattan NYC (RANKS 43RD) District (RANKS 59TH) * Interpret estimate with caution due to small number of events Preterm births: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2013; Teen births: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2011-2013; Absenteeism: NYC Department of Education, 2013-2014 People who are Incarceration incarcerated have higher rates of Jail incarceration (per 100,000 adults ages 16 and older) 400 mental illness, The incarceration rate in the drug and alcohol Upper West Side is half the Manhattan and addiction and citywide rates.