FALLING SKYE Simon Drake and Andy Beard on Discovering a Paleocene Meteorite Hit
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Glossary Glossary
Glossary Glossary Albedo A measure of an object’s reflectivity. A pure white reflecting surface has an albedo of 1.0 (100%). A pitch-black, nonreflecting surface has an albedo of 0.0. The Moon is a fairly dark object with a combined albedo of 0.07 (reflecting 7% of the sunlight that falls upon it). The albedo range of the lunar maria is between 0.05 and 0.08. The brighter highlands have an albedo range from 0.09 to 0.15. Anorthosite Rocks rich in the mineral feldspar, making up much of the Moon’s bright highland regions. Aperture The diameter of a telescope’s objective lens or primary mirror. Apogee The point in the Moon’s orbit where it is furthest from the Earth. At apogee, the Moon can reach a maximum distance of 406,700 km from the Earth. Apollo The manned lunar program of the United States. Between July 1969 and December 1972, six Apollo missions landed on the Moon, allowing a total of 12 astronauts to explore its surface. Asteroid A minor planet. A large solid body of rock in orbit around the Sun. Banded crater A crater that displays dusky linear tracts on its inner walls and/or floor. 250 Basalt A dark, fine-grained volcanic rock, low in silicon, with a low viscosity. Basaltic material fills many of the Moon’s major basins, especially on the near side. Glossary Basin A very large circular impact structure (usually comprising multiple concentric rings) that usually displays some degree of flooding with lava. The largest and most conspicuous lava- flooded basins on the Moon are found on the near side, and most are filled to their outer edges with mare basalts. -
Effect of Target Properties on the Impact Cratering Process
WORKSHOP PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS LPI Contribution No. 1360 BRIDGING THE GAP II: EFFECT OF TARGET PROPERTIES ON THE IMPACT CRATERING PROCESS September 22–26, 2007 Saint-Hubert, Canada SPONSORS Canadian Space Agency Lunar and Planetary Institute Barringer Crater Company NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program CONVENERS Robert Herrick, University of Alaska Fairbanks Gordon Osinski, Canadian Space Agency Elisabetta Pierazzo, Planetary Science Institute SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Mark Burchell, University of Kent Gareth Collins, Imperial College London Michael Dence, Canadian Academy of Science Kevin Housen, Boeing Corporation Jay Melosh, University of Arizona John Spray, University of New Brunswick Lunar and Planetary Institute 3600 Bay Area Boulevard Houston TX 77058-1113 LPI Contribution No. 1360 Compiled in 2007 by LUNAR AND PLANETARY INSTITUTE The Institute is operated by the Universities Space Research Association under Agreement No. NCC5-679 issued through the Solar System Exploration Division of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this volume are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Material in this volume may be copied without restraint for library, abstract service, education, or personal research purposes; however, republication of any paper or portion thereof requires the written permission of the authors as well as the appropriate acknowledgment of this publication. Abstracts in this volume may be cited as Author A. B. (2007) Title of abstract. In Bridging the Gap II: Effect of Target Properties on the Impact Cratering Process, p. XX. LPI Contribution No. 1360, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston. -
Weatherman Walking Llanberis Walk
bbc.co.uk/weathermanwalking © 2013 Weatherman Walking Llanberis Walk Approximate distance: 4 miles For this walk we’ve included OS map coordinates as an option, should you wish to follow them. OS Explorer Map: OL17 5 6 4 8 3 10 9 1 Start End 2 N W E S Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO. © Crown copyright and database right 2009.All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100019855 The Weatherman Walking maps are intended as a guide to help you walk the route. We recommend using an OS map of the area in conjunction with this guide. Routes and conditions may have changed since this guide was written. The BBC takes no responsibility for any accident or injury that may occur while following the route. Always wear appropriate clothing and 1 footwear and check weather conditions before heading out. bbc.co.uk/weathermanwalking © 2013 Weatherman Walking Llanberis Walk Walking information 1. Llanberis Lake Railway station (SH 58210 59879) The walk begins outside the Llanberis Lake Railway station and not at the popular Snowdonia Mountain Railway which is a little further along the A4086 towards the town centre. There is plenty of parking in and around the town near the Snowdon Mountain Railway and opposite Dolbadarn Castle. To begin the walk, follow the signs for Dolbadarn Castle and the National Slate Museum and opposite a car park turn right. Cross a large slate footbridge over the River Hwch and follow a winding track up through the woods to the castle. 2. Dolbadarn Castle (SH 58600 59792) The castle overlooking Llyn Peris was built by the Welsh prince Llewellyn the Great during the early 13th century, to protect and control the Llanberis Pass - a strategic location, protecting trade and military routes into north and south Wales. -
Naval Juniorreserve ()Hiders
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 219 280 SE 038 787 e $ . AUTHOR ' Omans, S. E.; And Others TITLE Workbook for Naval Science 3: An Illustrated Workbook for the NJROTC Sjudent. Focus. on the Trained Person. Technical Report 124. INSTITUTION University of Central Florida, Orlando.. -, SPONS AGENCY Naval %Training Analysis and Evaluation Group, Orlando, Fla. PUB DATE May f2 GRANT N61339-79-D-0105 4 NOTE if 348p.- 4 ,EDRS PRICE MF01/PC14 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Astronomy; Electricity; High Schools; Instructional -Materials; *Leadership; Meteotiology; Military Science; *Military Training; *Physical Sciences; ( *Remedial Reading; *Secondary School Science; Workbooks' _ IDENTIFIERS Navaleistory; *Naval JuniorReserve ()Hiders . ,-..\ Traiffing torps , '-'--..... ..,. ABSTRACT This workbook (first in a series of three) - supplements the textbook of the third year Naval Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps (NJROTC),program and is designed for NJROTC students who do not have the reading skillsOlecessary to fully benefit from the regular curriculum materidls. The workbook is written at the eighth-grade readability level as detprmined by a Computer Readability Editing System'analysis. In addition to its use in the NJROTC program, the wdrkbook may be useful in 'several remedial programs such as Academic Remedial Training(ART) and;the Verbal' Skills Curriculum,\Jzoth of which are offered at each 'of the three . RecruitTraining Com?nands to recruits deficient in reading or oral English skills.' Topics' in the workbook include naval history (1920-1945), leadership.characteristiCs, meteorology, astronomy, sand introductory electricity.'Exercises-include'vocabulary development, matching, concept application, and -extending Yearning actrties. (Author/JN) V 1' ****************************.0***,*************************************** * * Reproductions suppled'bi EDRS are the best that can be made. from- the oryiginal% document. -
Appendix I Lunar and Martian Nomenclature
APPENDIX I LUNAR AND MARTIAN NOMENCLATURE LUNAR AND MARTIAN NOMENCLATURE A large number of names of craters and other features on the Moon and Mars, were accepted by the IAU General Assemblies X (Moscow, 1958), XI (Berkeley, 1961), XII (Hamburg, 1964), XIV (Brighton, 1970), and XV (Sydney, 1973). The names were suggested by the appropriate IAU Commissions (16 and 17). In particular the Lunar names accepted at the XIVth and XVth General Assemblies were recommended by the 'Working Group on Lunar Nomenclature' under the Chairmanship of Dr D. H. Menzel. The Martian names were suggested by the 'Working Group on Martian Nomenclature' under the Chairmanship of Dr G. de Vaucouleurs. At the XVth General Assembly a new 'Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature' was formed (Chairman: Dr P. M. Millman) comprising various Task Groups, one for each particular subject. For further references see: [AU Trans. X, 259-263, 1960; XIB, 236-238, 1962; Xlffi, 203-204, 1966; xnffi, 99-105, 1968; XIVB, 63, 129, 139, 1971; Space Sci. Rev. 12, 136-186, 1971. Because at the recent General Assemblies some small changes, or corrections, were made, the complete list of Lunar and Martian Topographic Features is published here. Table 1 Lunar Craters Abbe 58S,174E Balboa 19N,83W Abbot 6N,55E Baldet 54S, 151W Abel 34S,85E Balmer 20S,70E Abul Wafa 2N,ll7E Banachiewicz 5N,80E Adams 32S,69E Banting 26N,16E Aitken 17S,173E Barbier 248, 158E AI-Biruni 18N,93E Barnard 30S,86E Alden 24S, lllE Barringer 29S,151W Aldrin I.4N,22.1E Bartels 24N,90W Alekhin 68S,131W Becquerei -
Snowdon 500 – Route Descriptions
Snowdon 500 – Route Descriptions About Snowdon Snowdon is one of the most beautiful mountains in the world. Its grandeur impresses the visitor no matter which direction one looks at it. Its shape is like a starfish with six magnificent ridges radiating out, each with their own unique character and make up. The deep cwmoedd (glaciated valleys) dropping down from the ridges range from the easily accessible to those only reached by very experienced walkers and climbers. Snowdon, the highest mountain in England and Wales at 1085 m or 3560 ft, also offers a unique bio-diversity of rare flowers and insects, wonderful volcanic rock formations, fossils and disused mine works. For more information about the mountain and places to stay nearby visit www.snowdon.com Miners Track After registering and signing in at the start point in the car park in front of the Legacy – Royal Victoria Hotel you will be transported by our free shuttle bus to Pen Y Pass where you will receive your pre climb briefing before setting off for the summit of Mt Snowdon. The Miners Track to Llyn Glaslyn was built during the last century to serve the Britannia Copper Mines, abandoned in 1917. The Track is well defined and obvious until you reach Llyn Glaslyn but after that the path to the summit is considerably steeper and can be a serious undertaking especially in winter. The path starts at the far end of Pen Y Pass car park. At first the path contours gently with fine views down the Gwynant Valley on your left. -
Hill Walking & Mountaineering
Hill Walking & Mountaineering in Snowdonia Introduction The craggy heights of Snowdonia are justly regarded as the finest mountain range south of the Scottish Highlands. There is a different appeal to Snowdonia than, within the picturesque hills of, say, Cumbria, where cosy woodland seems to nestle in every valley and each hillside seems neatly manicured. Snowdonia’s hillsides are often rock strewn with deep rugged cwms biting into the flank of virtually every mountainside, sometimes converging from two directions to form soaring ridges which lead to lofty peaks. The proximity of the sea ensures that a fine day affords wonderful views, equally divided between the ever- changing seas and the serried ranks of mountains fading away into the distance. Eryri is the correct Welsh version of the area the English call Snowdonia; Yr Wyddfa is similarly the correct name for the summit of Snowdon, although Snowdon is often used to demarcate the whole massif around the summit. The mountains of Snowdonia stretch nearly fifty miles from the northern heights of the Carneddau, looming darkly over Conwy Bay, to the southern fringes of the Cadair Idris massif, overlooking the tranquil estuary of the Afon Dyfi and Cardigan Bay. From the western end of the Nantlle Ridge to the eastern borders of the Aran range is around twenty- five miles. Within this area lie nine distinct mountain groups containing a wealth of mountain walking possibilities, while just outside the National Park, the Rivals sit astride the Lleyn Peninsula and the Berwyns roll upwards to the east of Bala. The traditional bases of Llanberis, Bethesda, Capel Curig, Betws y Coed and Beddgelert serve the northern hills and in the south Barmouth, Dinas Mawddwy, Dolgellau, Tywyn, Machynlleth and Bala provide good locations for accessing the mountains. -
North Wales Climbs Introduction
1 North Wales Climbs Slate Mark Reeves Jack Geldard Mark Glaister A climbing guidebook to selected routes on the crags of North Wales Llanberis Pass Clogwyn Du'r Arddu Lliwedd and Gwynant Lliwedd Ogwen Carneddau Tremadog Edited by Stephen Horne and Alan James All uncredited photography by Rockfax Other photography as credited Printed in Europe on behalf of Latitude Press Ltd. Betws and Moelwyns Distributed by Cordee (www.cordee.co.uk) All maps by ROCKFAX Gogarth Published by ROCKFAX in November 2013 © ROCKFAX 2013, 2010 rockfax.com All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, N.C. Limestone stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any Cover photo: Alexandra Schweikart, belayed by Christopher Igel, means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise without on Left Wall (E2) - page 111 - on Dinas Cromlech. Photo: Jack prior written permission of the copyright owner. Geldard A CIP catalogue record is available from the British Library. This page: Simon Lake on Bochlwyd Eliminate (HVS) - page Mid Wales 177 - on Bochlwyd Buttress in Ogwen. Photo: Mark Glaister ISBN 978 1 873341 82 7 North Wales Climbs 3 Ian Wilson and Jack Geldard on the last pitch of Hardd (E2) - page 257 - on Carreg Hyll Drem. Photo: Mark Glaister The Crags Slate................................ 42 Slate Bus Stop Quarry ..................... 44 Dali's Hole.......................... 50 California........................... 52 Australia ........................... 54 Serengeti Area ...................... 60 Vivian Quarry ....................... 68 Rainbow Slab Area ................... 76 Llanberis Pass ....................... 86 Llanberis Pass Craig Ddu .......................... 88 Clogwyn y Grochan .................. 92 Carreg Wastad ..................... 100 Dinas Cromlech .................... 106 Scimitar Ridge.......................114 Dinas Mot ..........................116 Clogwyn y Ddysgl .................. -
A Multispectral Assessment of Complex Impact Craters on the Lunar Farside
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 2-15-2013 12:00 AM A Multispectral Assessment of Complex Impact Craters on the Lunar Farside Bhairavi Shankar The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Dr. Gordon R. Osinski The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Planetary Science A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Doctor of Philosophy © Bhairavi Shankar 2013 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Geology Commons, Geomorphology Commons, Physical Processes Commons, and the The Sun and the Solar System Commons Recommended Citation Shankar, Bhairavi, "A Multispectral Assessment of Complex Impact Craters on the Lunar Farside" (2013). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 1137. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/1137 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A MULTISPECTRAL ASSESSMENT OF COMPLEX IMPACT CRATERS ON THE LUNAR FARSIDE (Spine title: Multispectral Analyses of Lunar Impact Craters) (Thesis format: Integrated Article) by Bhairavi Shankar Graduate Program in Geology: Planetary Science A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada © Bhairavi Shankar 2013 ii Abstract Hypervelocity collisions of asteroids onto planetary bodies have catastrophic effects on the target rocks through the process of shock metamorphism. The resulting features, impact craters, are circular depressions with a sharp rim surrounded by an ejecta blanket of variably shocked rocks. -
T£OR CRATER ARJZQNA 5Ery'ic& JTTE€0AIL, RJEPOIRJT
JTTE€0AIL, RJEPOIRJT MO. -2\ > !£T£OR CRATER ARJZQNA 8Y VINCENT W VANDIVER DEPARTMENT OF THE.- IHTERIOf^ HATiOHAL PARJC 5eRy'ic& JM£J£OR GRATER, ARJXOJNA By Vincent W. Vandiver, Associate Regional Geologist. INTRODUCTION It is the purpose of this report to summarize some of the various theories which have been advanced, during the past 35 years, to account for the origin of Meteor Crater. To outline some of my observations re garding this phenomena of nature which has attracted scientists fron all parts of the earth for many years. Efforts to exploit the meteoric mass by commercial interests in which large sums of money have been expended will be noted. Briefly it is proposed to bring up to date our present knowledge of Meteor Crater for the Park ServicG records and the possible interest for various members of the staff concerned. The noted Astronomer, Arrhsnius, is said to have declared that Meteor Crater is the most fascinating spot on earth. The interesting fields for investigation in this area are innumerable. Facts may be disclosed which to an astronomer might give concrete evidence as to our theories of origin and the building up of our solar system. Should the crater be definitely proven the result of a meteoric impact, the. geologist will be interested to have the evidence to be found in the behavior of rocks under sudden stress, not to mention the later effects of chemical reactions underground. From the point of view of the physicist and chemist the various features prove none the less interesting. The average visitor stands in amazement when the great pit is viewed from the rim for the first time. -
Affordable Housing Viability Study (AHVS)
Gwynedd Council and Ynys Môn County Council Affordable Housing Viability Study (AHVS) Final Report to the Joint Planning Policy Unit FULL REPORT (English only) January 2013 Dr Andrew Golland, BSc (Hons), PhD, MRICS Andrew Golland Associates Gwynedd and Ynys Mon AHVS Report – January 2013 Page 1 Contents page Page Executive Summary.....3 1 INTRODUCTION.6 2 APPROACH TO VIABILITY and METHODOLOGY.11 3 HIGH LEVEL TESTING16 4 FURTHER VIABILITY TESTS.30 5 LAND SUPPLY, SMALL SITE ANALYSIS AND USE OF COMMUTED SUMS.....35 6 CASE STUDY VIABILITY ANALYSIS – SMALLER SITES41 7 MAIN FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS...47 Appendix 1 Workshop Notes...55 Appendix 2 High Level Testing Results.60 GLOSSARY OF TERMS.. 61 Gwynedd and Ynys Mon AHVS Report – January 2013 Page 2 Executive Summary S1 The Joint Planning Policy Unit (JPPU) required an assessment of the impact of its affordable housing policies on the viability and deliverability of affordable housing and other Section 106 requirements. The study relates to the Ynys Môn Local Authority and Gwynedd Council planning area. S2 The aims of the study are several but the main objectives cover policy recommendations on affordable housing targets, thresholds, and guidance in setting commuted sums in lieu of on site affordable housing provision. S3 The approach to viability assessment follows best practice in Wales and England. The overall approach considers the financial relationship between residual value (RV) and existing use value (EUV). However in setting policy, a number of other factors are significant; these are set out in the report. S4 The methodology is two stage: ‘High Level Testing’ (HLT) and ‘Generic Site’ testing. -
Endurance Crater at Meridiani Planum, Mars ⇑ Wesley A
Icarus 211 (2011) 472–497 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Icarus journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/icarus Origin of the structure and planform of small impact craters in fractured targets: Endurance Crater at Meridiani Planum, Mars ⇑ Wesley A. Watters a, , John P. Grotzinger b, James Bell III a, John Grant c, Alex G. Hayes b, Rongxing Li d, Steven W. Squyres a, Maria T. Zuber e a Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA b Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 21125, USA c National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA d Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA e Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA article info abstract Article history: We present observations and models that together explain many hallmarks of the structure and growth Received 29 March 2010 of small impact craters forming in targets with aligned fractures. Endurance Crater at Meridiani Planum Revised 12 August 2010 on Mars (diameter 150 m) formed in horizontally-layered aeolian sandstones with a prominent set of Accepted 18 August 2010 wide, orthogonal joints. A structural model of Endurance Crater is assembled and used to estimate the Available online 19 September 2010 transient crater planform. The model is based on observations from the Mars Exploration Rover Oppor- tunity: (a) bedding plane orientations and layer thicknesses measured from stereo image pairs; (b) a dig- Keywords: ital elevation model of the whole crater at 0.3 m resolution; and (c) color image panoramas of the upper Impact processes crater walls.