Sydney Green Grid District

Home , Bardwell Creek, Bays Precinct, Blackwattle Bay, Canada Bay, Centennial Parklands, Hawthorne Canal

DISTRICT

SYDNEY GREEN GRID SPATIAL FRAMEWORK AND PROJECT OPPORTUNITIES

109 TYRRELLSTUDIO PREFACE

Open space is one of Sydney’s greatest assets. Our national parks, harbour, beaches, coastal walks, waterfront promenades, rivers, playgrounds and reserves are integral to the character and life of the city.

In this report the hydrological, recreational and ecological fragments of the city are mapped and then pulled together into a proposition for a cohesive green infrastructure network for greater Sydney.

This report builds on investigations undertaken by the Office of the Government Architect for the Department of Planning and Environment in the development of District Plans. It interrogates the vision and objectives of the Sydney Green Grid and uses a combination of GIS data mapping and consultation to develop an overview of the green infrastructure needs and character of each district. FINAL REPORT 23.03.17

Each district is analysed for its spatial qualities, open space, PREPARED BY waterways, its context and key natural features. This data informs a series of strategic opportunities for building the Sydney Green Grid within each district. Green Grid project opportunities have TYRRELLSTUDIO been identified and preliminary prioritisation has been informed by a comprehensive consultation process with stakeholders, including ABN. 97167623216 landowners and state and local government agencies. MARK TYRRELL M. 0410 928 926

This report is one step in an ongoing process. It provides preliminary E. [email protected] prioritisation of Green Grid opportunities in terms of their strategic W. WWW.TYRRELLSTUDIO.COM potential as catalysts for the establishment of a new interconnected high performance green infrastructure network which will support healthy PREPARED FOR urban growth. Future reports should be undertaken to assess the future DEPARTMENT OF delivery and implementation strategies of Green Grid projects. PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENT

IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE OFFICE OF THE GOVERNMENT ARCHITECT Landing Lights Wetlands, Rockdale

110 SPATIAL FRAMEWORK

MAJOR 4 CATCHMENTS

WEST ADDITIONAL PEOPLE 325,000 BY 2036

NORTH HECTARES WEST CENTRAL OPEN SPACE

CENTRAL 3,013 SOUTH OF THE DISTRICT SOUTH IS OPEN SPACE WEST 14%

111 SCALE 1:40,000 @ A1

0 1 2km

Figure C.1: Central District Open Space and Density Map

112 CENTRAL DISTRICT LANDSCAPE 1.1 CHARACTER

THE HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT AND THE CHARACTER OF SYDNEY HAS BEEN INFLUENCED BY TOPOGRAPHY AND THE UNDERLYING NATURAL FEATURES. THE SYDNEY GREEN GRID BUILDS UPON THE GEOMORPHOLOGY OF PLACE TO CREATE LOCALLY RESPONSIVE OPEN SPACE STRATEGIES. THESE LANDSCAPE FEATURES HAVE BEEN USED TO ESTABLISH A FRAMEWORK FOR FUTURE PROJECT AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES.

Sydney Harbour Ballast Point Park Bare Island Fort, La Perouse

The Central district is characterised by a linkage or environmental rehabilitation the Lachlan Swamps. These post-industrial and the Cooks River. A number of the key series of sandstone outcrops and formations opportunities. A large number of parklands landscapes have provided opportunities for drainage lines within the area such as the along the east coast and harbourfront, large within the district are located on reclaimed improving open space access within the Hawthorne Canal and Johnstons Creek aeolian sand dunes to the southern and land in the bays at the heads of these district. Some excellent examples include provide opportunities to connect the inner eastern suburbs and rolling shale hills to the former creeklines and natural waterways. new parklands at Ballast Point in Balmain west suburbs to the Harbour. and BP Park at Waverton. inner-west. Due to development, many of the The rocky sandstone outcrops around the waterfront locations within the Central district harbour form numerous protected bays The landscape character of the district have been disturbed with large areas of land beaches along with dramatic headlands. is diverse, changing from the dramatic reclamation in former wetlands, estuaries and Much of the waterfront has been privatised sandstone landscape of cliffs and world bays. with open space occupying isolated famous beaches along the harbour and east pockets often at the heads of bays or along coast to the more gently undulating dune The primary water catchments within the watercourses. A number of former defence landscapes around Botany Bay and the district are the Cooks River, Botany Bay, Port sites have protected some significant open shales of the inner west. Jackson and The Parramatta River. Many space parcels within these areas. These areas have a number of regional of the creeks within the catchments have Industry has historically developed in the parks such as Centennial Park which been channelised or piped so that there are flatter more swampy areas to the west of provides an important water management limited natural creek systems throughout the Sydney Cove in the Bays Precinct and Iron role for the Botany Catchment. The majority district. These remnant natural systems and Cove and to the south of the district in of the Inner West’s regional scaled space is drainage corridors often provide open space Botany Bay, along the Alexandria Canal and located along the foreshore of the harbour SCALE 1:40,000 @ A1

0 1 2km

113 THE VARIOUS AND UNIQUE LANDSCAPES OF SYDNEY ARE RECOGNISED AS AN ASSET THAT CAN REINFORCE CHARACTER, STRATEGIC IDENTITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESILIENCE. DELIVERED ALONGSIDE 1.2 CONTEXT INFRASTRUCTURE AND URBAN RENEWAL AN ENHANCED NETWORK OF OPEN SPACE AND GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE CAN SERVE TO SHAPE AND SUPPORT NEW AND EXISTING COMMUNITIES. The Central District is located at the Sydney Light Rail epicentre of the Sydney metropolitan area One of the most significant strategic THE HARBOUR, THE COASTLINE AND THE COOKS RIVER PROVIDE and contains some of the most densely projects about to transform the city and settled suburbs in Sydney. It contains A COHERENT SPATIAL STRATEGY THAT DEFINES THE LANDSCAPE its public domain is the Sydney Light Rail some of Sydney’s earliest designated open project. This has ramifications for the QUALITY OF THE SUBREGION. space assets such as Hyde Park, The Royal CBD and the City of Sydney but also for Botanic Gardens and Centennial Parklands. Randwick and Kensington. Moore Park and Open space within the CBD and the the suburbs of Centennial Park will be key surrounding suburbs within the City of destinations along this new route to the Sydney LGA have a key regional focus University of New South Wales. This new and provide recreational opportunities transport corridor is envisaged to provide an for an extensive population beyond important civic focus for the city and will be council boundaries. Similarly many of the great catalyst for the Sydney Green Grid. world famous eastern suburbs beaches Urban Renewal and Sydney Harbour have large tourist populations that support the economy and Major urban transformation projects such the recreation needs of wider Sydney. as WestConnex, the Bays Precinct and Redfern to Eveleigh will create opportunities The Inner West, Botany Bay and many of to provide additional open space and the Bays West of the CBD have a more improve connections to the existing open suburban character along with some space network. significant industrial areas. Large scale infrastructure, both existing and proposed, Open Space Initiatives has a significant impact within these A number of initiatives are already in areas. These elements will continue to place that reflect the strategic objectives be essential for the future growth of the of the Sydney Green Grid. The Sharing city and establishing Sydney as a globally Sydney Harbour Program, City of Sydney’s competitive metropolis. However with large Greening Sydney Plan and statutory residential populations and proposed future plans such as SEPP56 –Sydney Harbour housing targets the imperative remains to Foreshores and Tributaries and SREP26– ensure that the same infrastructure also City West, uphold the principle of increasing contributes to the livability of these regions. public access to, and use of, land on the The CBD foreshore. As the largest economic and commercial These strategic initiatives along with the centre within the city, this is the most iconic many infrastructure and development area for continued growth and livability projects occurring within the district form an within Sydney. Open space planning and important starting point for the delivery of a development and provision within the CBD Metropolitan Green Grid across Sydney. has resulted in significant improvements to the quality of open space. Many exemplar projects and initiatives are in place or underway. Additional open space projects are anticipated in the future with the a of large scale projects in construction such as Barangaroo and the Darling Harbour redevelopment. Continued improvement to the connections between the city and its surrounding suburbs will ensure these regional assets can be enjoyed by all.

Iron Cover Bay

114 RHODES

GPOP URBAN RENEWAL AREA

CITY OF CANADA BAY COUNCIL BARANGAROO

THE BAYS PRECINCT

SYDNEY CITY BURWOOD STRATHFIELD INNER WEST WOOLLAHRA COUNCIL COUNCIL CITY OF MUNICIPAL COUNCIL SYDNEY BURWOOD COUNCIL CENTRAL TO EVELEIGH WAVERLEY COUNCIL

BONDI JUNCTION SYDENHAM TO BANKSTOWN URBAN RENEWAL CORRIDOR

RANDWICK EDUCATION & GREEN SQUARE HEALTH MASCOT

RANDWICK CITY COUNCIL

EAST GARDENS - MAROUBRA SYDNEY JUNCTION LEGEND BAYSIDE WEST AIRPORT PRECINCTS BAYSIDE Motorway CITY COUNCIL Roads Train Station Rail Line Strategic Centre District Centre Urban Renewal Corridor Key Regional Open Space PORT BOTANY District Open Space Local Open Space Private Open Space Priority Precincts and Priority Growth Areas CBD and South East Light Rail Sydney Metro

SCALE 1:40,000 @ A1

0 1 2km Figure C.2: Central District LGA Plan

115 CENTRAL DISTRICT PROJECT OPPORTUNITY 1.3 CLUSTERS

THE STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK PROVIDES AN OVERVIEW OF REGIONAL OPEN SPACE OPPORTUNITIES AS A SERIES OF PROJECT OPPORTUNITY CLUSTERS. IT IS ENVISAGED THAT THESE CLUSTERS FORM A STARTING POINT FOR ENSURING THE MORE GENERALISED DISTRICT STRATEGIES AND ANY FUTURE PROJECT DELIVERY RESPONDS TO THE LOCAL STRATEGIC CONTEXT AND LANDSCAPE CONDITIONS.

CD.1.1 THE CBD Sydney Park will be essential to support pedestrian links and sports facilities as part Maroubra. There is an opportunity to ensure CD.1.7 THE COOKS RIVER waterways and the creation of linear open the recreational needs and enhance the of the proposed White City redevelopment. public access to the coastline around the space corridors. The continued development As the Global centre of Metropolitan Sydney, The projects within this area are located livability of these areas. With significant Improved connections between White City Malabar Headland irrespective of its potential of such projects will also improve regional the CBD sits prominently on the harbour, within the highly urbanised catchment of transformations underway opportunity to and the Rushcutters Bay would greatly future proposals. connections from the inner west to open stretching southwards to Central Station. the Cooks River. provide additional high quality open space benefit surrounding communities. space along the Cooks River and Sydney The Cooks River has had the support of The CBD enjoys a diversity of open spaces as well as a connected network to support CD.1.6 RANDWICK, CENTENNIAL PARK, Harbour. ranging from the iconic Royal Botanic multiple councils within its catchment area future growth. CD.1.4 THE EASTERN SUBURBS EASTLAKES Urban greening improvements along major Gardens, the foreshore promenades of and has been the focus of a series of project transport corridors that bisect the Inner West Circular Quay, the future Barangaroo This cluster includes the eastern most This cluster is centred around the Anzac aimed at restoring the waterway, improving CD.1.3 PORT JACKSON AND THE including Parramatta Road, rail lines and Headland Park to pocket parks, playgrounds suburbs of Sydney from Maroubra to Parade urban renewal corridor and Randwick water quality and increasing the recreation EASTERN BAYS the new Dulwich Hill Light Rail corridor will and inner city civic plazas. The public domain Vaucluse. While the area enjoys a wealth of Urban Activation Precinct, incorporating the opportunities. enhance connectivity. Most importantly new has improved in recent years with initiatives North of the Oxford Street ridgeline from scenic coastline and beaches, there is an education and health precincts associated The corridor is an important asset for development associated with the proposed such as the laneways revitalisation, dedicated Woolloomooloo to Point Piper the major opportunity to enhance the open spaces with UNSW, NIDA, Sydney Children’s surrounding communities and will become urban renewal corridor should be provided cycleways and the large and small park green spaces typically follow natural and active transport connections within the Hospital, Prince of Wales Hospital and the even more important with increased with public domain upgrades, civic space improvement program. The future light rail drainage valleys down to the harbour. area and between the coast and the city. Royal Hospital for Women. Current plans population projections. The Cooks River will and open space. Urban renewal in this project supports the well connected and Trumper Park and Cooper Park are primary This area faces challenges regarding the to deliver the South East Light Rail corridor benefit from further support to help establish precinct provides a unique opportunity to diverse network of open space. The CBD also examples of this and offer significant retention of privately owned open space. As running from Central Station to Moore it as a major regional recreational destination. help mitigate access and amenity issues has a very large number of visitor attractions, opportunities for further enhancement. Much land values increase in these areas former Park, Randwick and Kingsford facilitates associated with Parramatta Road. cultural institutions and key destinations of the area is highly urbanised with large tennis clubs and sports courts under private the opportunity to improve existing public Enhancing the quality of existing spaces which could benefit from being integrated areas of waterfront in private ownership. ownership are being sold for development domain, enhance nearby open space along the south east end, continuing into the Green Grid. Every opportunity to increase or improve resulting in reduced active sporting and pedestrian/ cycle connections to the restoration work in the north west CD.1.9 PARRAMATTA RIVER AND foreshore access should be investigated. opportunities. Any possibility to supplement transport corridor. end towards Campsie and increasing CANADA BAY The key opportunities for Green Grid projects connectivity from all the surrounding suburbs Many of the bays, parks and gardens along these losses should be investigated along As a key destination along the new light The Parramatta River is the primary river in the CBD focus on improving connections will greatly benefit the local community. the foreshore are very distinctive and could with the enhancement of existing active rail corridor Moore Park and Centennial corridor leading to Sydney Harbour. Its east- into the Sydney CBD from surrounding public open space to cater for increased suburbs. benefit from better access from surrounding Parklands will play a key role for future active west alignment, extensive foreshore areas, suburbs and public transport nodes. Primary demand. recreation opportunities as well as catering to CD.1.8 THE INNER WEST wetlands and regional parklands establish transport connections run in the east-west current sporting events demand. Increasing The Inner West includes a number of it as both an important regional destination CD.1.2 REDFERN-WATERLOO, GREEN direction along Oxford Street, William Street CD.1.5 THE GREAT COASTAL WALK populations in Green Square, Randwick and drainage lines following the shallow valleys. and linking corridor. The significance of this SQUARE, ALEXANDRIA and New South Head Road and the partially Sydney’s Great Coastal Walk extends from Redfern will place additional demand on These include Iron Cove Creek, Hawthorne corridor and its contribution to a connected Projects within this cluster will be driven elevated Eastern Suburbs rail line. There is Barranjoey in the North District to the Royal these spaces. Moore Park in particular offers Canal, Whites Creek and Johnstons Creek. open space network cannot be understated. by changes in land use and the needs an opportunity to enhance connections to National Park in the South. While much of the opportunity for further enhancement and Historically many of these creeks have been This portion of the Parramatta River within of a diverse and growing population. the harbour foreshore parks, headland parks the Coastal Walk within the Central District improved pedestrian and cycle connections. channelised contributing to poor water the Central District includes the southern Former industrial areas and existing large and Centennial Parklands by improving follows the foreshore and coastline, there Better connections with surrounding suburbs quality, increased runoff and low amenity foreshore extending from Drummoyne to scale infrastructure will be adapted to north-south access for pedestrian and remains the opportunity to complete missing and across major barriers such as Anzac within the region. Rhodes Peninsula. Projects should aim to accommodate these changes and support cyclists. links south of Coogee, including stretches parade and Alison Road are essential. A series of restoration projects, where space support work already being undertaken in new populations. Connections and access There is also a key opportunity to make a around Malabar Headland, from Malabar allows, will greatly improve the quality of the the corridor establishing the Parramatta to existing major regional open spaces such significant contribution to public open space, to La Perouse and South Coogee to North catchment through the naturalisation of the River as a key active recreation link and as Moore Park, Centennial Parklands and

116 SOUTH HEAD

CD.1.9

PARRAMATTA COCKATOO RIVER & ISLAND NIELSEN CANADA BAY PARK

MILLENNIUM ROYAL BOTANIC QUEEN PARKLANDS GARDENS ELIZABETH PARK CD.1.3

CALLAN CD.1.10 PORT JACKSON THE BAYS regional open space corridor between the SD.1.12 ROCKDALE WETLANDS – PARK & THE EASTERN PRECINCT city and the west. Opportunities for improved GEORGES RIVER TO COOKS RIVER LEICHHARDT BAYS PARK connections and foreshore parkland in This group of projects have a very high CD.1.1 CBD association with Burwood should be conservation value extending from the investigated. Cooks to the Georges River along Muddy WENTWORTH CD.1.4 PARK Creek, through Eve Street Wetlands, Spring CD.1.8 THE EASTERN CD.1.10 THE BAYS PRECINCT Creek Wetlands, Landing Light Wetland, SUBURBS INNER WEST The Bays Precinct is a strategically important Patmore Swamp, Scarborough Park Ponds part of Sydney Harbour foreshore, including and through to Sans Souci. Opportunities CD.1.2 80 hectares of Government owned land include wetland restoration, establishment MOORE around Johnstons, White, Rozelle and of bird hides education, interpretation REDFERN-WATERLOO, PARK CENTENNIAL BONDI BEACH GREEN SQUARE, Blackwattle Bays. The precinct will begin to and an improved pedestrian and cyclist PARK ALEXANDRIA transform over the short, medium and long environment. term. Proposed changes in land use has the CD.1.7 potential to allow for additional public open CD.1.13 BARDWELL VALLEY TRAIL WAVERLEY CEMETERY space, active sports facilities and increased COOKS This project cluster contains projects CD.1.6 foreshore access and to support the RIVER SYDNEY from Hurstville to Turella connecting PARK RANDWICK, surrounding densely populated inner western pockets of natural bushland and remnant CENTENNIAL PARK, suburbs. The opportunity exists to maximise EAST LAKES Turpentine forest and Eucalypt woodland the amount of foreshore access available which create a swathe of green in and to secure high quality open space for the middle of the densely populated future growth. area of the district. Projects include CD.1.11 CD.1.5 conservation management, green skills BOTANY BAY & CD.1.11 PORT BOTANY AND THE GREAT and interpretation, connectivity and ALEXANDRIA CANAL THE ALEXANDRIA CANAL COASTAL WALK biodiversity. This cluster is characterised by the industrial CD.1.13 • Consider open space acquisition of nature of the Port Botany container terminals, BARDWELL Bardwell Valley Golf Course to provide freight rail and handling, Sydney Airport VALLEY TRAIL additional open space in the rapidly and the adjacent Mascot Urban Activation growing area. Precinct. With contaminated lands and some HEFFRON PARK of the poorest water quality in Sydney there • Enhance the Two Valley Trail. CD.1.12 is a need to establish projects with increased ROCKDALE environmental credentials. Opportunities to CD.1.14 BOTANY BAY FORESHORE WETLANDS SIR JOSEPH BANKS PARK establish Sydney’s Global gateway as an AND COOKS PARK TRAIL exemplar of sustainable development should The Botany Bay Foreshore project is MALABAR HEADLAND be investigated. important in its context of linking the Great AND NP Public access and connections, balanced Coastal Walk to Botany Bay and the coastal with ongoing port operations, could also be projects of the South District. This cluster of improved where possible. Better connections projects provides an opportunity to improve to the isolated Sir Joseph Banks Park are connectivity to the foreshore and provide BOTANY highly recommended. enhancements to the length of Cook Park BAY NP from Brighton le Sands to Sans Souci. There is an opportunity to initiate additional CD.1.14 projects to support work being undertaken BOTANY BAY to rehabilitate the Alexandria Canal. FORESHORE Opportunities to utilise the canal as a key active transport link and open space corridor between the Cooks River, Mascot, St Peters, Alexandria and Green Square could SCALE 1:40,000 @ A1 be developed further in consultation with Sydney Water. 0 1 2km

Figure C.3: Central District Project Clusters Plan

117 INCREASE ACCESS 1.4 TO OPEN SPACE

CONNECT PEOPLE WITH KEY REGIONAL OPEN SPACE AND PROMOTE THE DISTRICTS OPEN SPACE ASSETS BY CREATING BETTER CONNECTIONS WITH MAJOR CENTRES, NEW TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE AND AREAS OF URBAN RENEWAL.

There are significant health and well being benefits associated with readily accessible, high quality open space. Well designed parks, plazas and streetscapes create highly liveable environments. The Central District has a wealth of exquisite natural features and key regional open spaces that provide significant recreational opportunities and form the basis for a regional network of open space. The Harbour, the coastline and the Cooks River with their supporting tributaries provide a coherent spatial strategy that defines the landscape quality of the District. Opportunities to improve access to these key assets from existing suburbs and new growth areas will provide benefits for the Centennial Parklands existing and future population. A number of initiatives are already in place that reflect the strategic objectives of the Sydney Green Grid. For example, the Sharing Sydney Harbour Program, City of Sydney’s Greening Sydney Plan and statutory plans such as SEPP56 –Sydney Harbour Foreshores and Tributaries and SREP26–City West, uphold the principle of increasing public access to, and use of land on the foreshore. These programs should continue to be supported alongside the development of up to date local open space planning strategies.

Sydney Park Sydney Park Brick Kilns

118 RHODES SOUTH HEAD

COCKATOO ISLAND BREAKFAST POINT NIELSEN DRUMMOYNE PARK NORTH ROYAL BOTANIC STRATHFIELD BALMAIN GARDENS ROSE BAY CONCORD NORTH

FIVE DOCK ROZELLE HOMEBUSH 6 QUEEN MILLENNIUM SYDNEY ELIZABETH PARKLANDS 2 CALLAN CITY PARK ROSE BAY PARK

STRATHFIELD 7 DOUBLE BAY BURWOOD WENTWORTH EDGECLIFF PARRAMATTA PARK ROAD LEICHHARDT PADDINGTON BONDI

3 ASHFIELD NEWTOWN BONDI BEACH MOORE BONDI SUMMER HILL A series of key strategic opportunities PARK CENTENNIAL JUNCTION PARK have been identified and include: SYDNEY Improved access to Sydney Harbour, PARK

Parramatta River foreshore and the coast MARRICKVILLE line 5 Undertake local open space studies to increase access to open space at a local 4 GREEN SQUARE - MASCOT level and ensure equity of access to open RANDWICK COOGEE space across the district. EDUCATION & EASTLAKES HEALTH ANZAC PARADE A series of key project opportunities have WOLLI been identified and include: CREEK EAST GARDENS - BEXLEY NORTH MAROUBRA JUNCTION SYDNEY 1. Homebush Bay Pedestrian Bridge AIRPORT

2. Improve connections from Burwood to LEGEND KINGSGROVE Hen and Chicken Bay Harbour Foreshore Motorway Walk and Bayview Park via Burwood Road ROCKDALE Roads WETLANDS and the open space networks via Saint BOTANY HILLSDALE Lukes Park and Queen Elizabeth Park. Train Station ROCKDALE HEFFRON PARK Rail Line SIR JOSEPH 3. Link the suburbs of Marrickville and Strategic Centre BANKS PARK Leichhardt with Sydney Harbour via the MATRAVILLE proposed Iron Cove Greenway which links District Centre BRIGHTON- LE-SANDS the Cooks River and Iron Cove Bay. Local Centre Priority Precincts, PORT BOTANY 4. Upgrade Alexandria Canal to promote MALABAR Priority Growth Aras and open space access between Mascot and HEADLAND NP Urban Renewal Corridor the Cooks River. National Parks 5. Connect Green Square with Moore Park, Regional Open Space Centennial Parklands and Sydney Park, St District Open Space Peters. Local Open Space RAMSGATE 6. Link the heads of the open space at Private Open Space Blackwattle Bay, Rozelle Bay and White Bay CBD and South East into the existing open space network. BOTANY Light Rail BAY NP 7. Increase public foreshore access within the Bays Precinct and access from Sydney CBD to the Bays Precinct via the Glebe SCALE 1:40,000 @ A1

Island Bridge. 0 1 2km

Figure C.4: Central District Access to Open Space Plan

119 CREATE A LIVEABLE GREEN NETWORK OF HIGH QUALITY ACTIVE TRANSPORT LINKS CONNECTING KEY DESTINATIONS, CULTURAL FACILITIES, PROMOTE HEALTHY RECREATION OPPORTUNITIES AND HERITAGE ITEMS. 1.5 AND ACTIVE LIVING

Fig 2.4.13 Glebe Foreshore Walk, JMD Design Fig 2.4.16 Sydney Park

Walking and cycling are becoming A number of links are already in place such increasingly important recreation and as The Great Coastal Walk linking South transport choices within the city. Greater Head and La Perouse and the Federation opportunities for physical activity contribute Track which links Circular Quay and significantly to improved health within Centennial Parklands. Consequently the the community, reducing health costs district already has a strong framework and increasing quality of life. Walking to build on. However, these links and cycling have some of the highest connecting regional open space are not participation levels out of all recreation equally distributed across the district. types. Opportunities for increasing Sydney’s Improvements could be made within the network of active transport links should Inner West linking the densely populated provide links between the places people live suburbs to the Harbour and Parramatta and work and the places that people want River. to visit. The Central district is blessed with many visitor attractions, cultural facilities and places of interest. Key areas of urban renewal will provide the opportunity to improve cycleway and footpath networks Coastal Walkway linking these assets.

120 CREATE NEW HIGH 1.6 QUALITY PUBLIC REALM

SUSTAINABLE REGENERATION HAS THE PUBLIC REALM AT ITS HEART. ESTABLISH A VIBRANT, PEDESTRIAN FRIENDLY PUBLIC REALM AT KEY CENTRES, TRANSPORT INTERCHANGES AND URBAN RENEWAL AREAS, WITH PLACES FOR GATHERING AND GOOD CONNECTIONS TO OPEN SPACE.

Chinatown Laneway Redevelopment Green Square Library Proposal Prince Alfred Park

The public realm offers a starting point A series of key project opportunities have A series of key strategic for the development of a well used and been identified and include: opportunities have been identified connected open space network. The 1. Create high quality public domain and and include: opportunity exists to build an open space civic space at key locations associated Continue laneway revitalisation within network with high quality public realm at the with areas of urban renewal such as the centre. Squares, plazas and active streets Parramatta Road and Anzac Parade CBD and develop laneway projects in offer important recreation and open space areas such as Bondi Junction, Green 2. Create new public space as a benefit opportunities particularly within high density Square, Newtown and Burwood, to of large scale infrastructure projects areas. Key civic spaces or destinations activate under utilised public spaces. should be integrated with public transport including proposed South East opportunities and existing development. and CBD Light Rail Extensions and Create new open space to support the WestConnex motorway. Inner West for example new regional Existing urban revitalisation strategies such parks within the Rozelle Rail Yards 3. Improve connections across barriers/ as the City of Sydney’s laneway projects corridor and active sports facilities at major roads (e.g. Parramatta Road, and the new Light Rail Corridor reflect the White Bay Power Station and above Eastern Distributor, Anzac Parade, objectives of the Sydney Green Grid and White Bay car park. Balfour St Pocket Park, The White Bay Power Station Redevelopment reinforce the creation of high quality walkable Victoria Road, City West Link and New Jane Irwin Landscape Architecture Proposal public domain. A number of projects South Head Road) to facilitate access Continue to promote and support underway such as Green Square Library, the to major regional parks and foreshores; projects that utilise disused and Green Square Aquatic Centre and The Goods heritage infrastructure. Line will also provide opportunities for future links to surrounding communities as they create new destinations within the city. 121 CENTRAL THE HYDROLOGICAL GRID

POWELL CREEK IRON COVE SYDNEY HARBOUR HEN AND BAY CHICKEN BAY

Identify and minimise disturbance to riparian areas and protect and improve the natural character, ecological integrity, WHITE BAY visual amenity and public access to foreshores and rivers (such as parts of Cooks River and Coxs Creek).

HAWTHORNE CANAL The Central District includes the IRON COVE CREEK important wetland areas within the CENTENNIAL PARK Bayside LGA, which support a number WETLANDS BONDI of threatened ecological communities (including Sydney Freshwater Wetlands) and habitat for threatened and migratory water birds.

In Sydney Harbour, mangrove litter COOKS RIVER material forms the basis of detrital based food webs, which support a variety of species from most trophic levels (e.g. ALEXANDRIA CANAL algae, barnacles, molluscs, fish). COOGEE Seagrass meadows and saltmarsh communities occur within the Sydney Harbour and Botany Bay marine area. WOLLI CREEK

BOTANY WETLANDS

BARDWELL CREEK MAROUBRA

ROCKDALE WETLANDS

LEGEND

District Boundary BOTANY BAY Concrete Canals Rivers and Creeks Water Bodies Ramsar Wetlands

SCALE 1:40,000 @ A1 LA PEROUSE

0 1 2km

Figure C.5: Central District Hydrological Grid Plan

122 CENTRAL SYDNEY THE ECOLOGICAL GRID OLYMPIC PARK

POWELL CREEK IRON COVE SYDNEY HARBOUR HEN AND BAY CHICKEN BAY

The Central District includes important areas of HEV. This will include avoiding national park areas including South Head development on ‘protected lands’, and Nielsen Park within Sydney Harbour prioritising avoiding HEV and threatened WHITE BAY National Park and part of Kamay Botany species hotspots wherever possible and Bay National Park. There are also areas offsetting impacts on threatened entities of remnant vegetation and threatened where avoidance and mitigation is not species that are associated with this possible. Connect biodiverse areas and district. This includes the threatened apply planning and zoning provisions THE GREENWAY ecological communities Eastern Suburbs to protect corridors. Corridors aim IRON COVE CREEK BONDI Banksia Scrub and Themeda Grassland to provide ecological connectivity, to CENTENNIAL PARK BONDI on Seacliffs and Headlands, and the facilitate the movement and dispersal endangered flora species Sunshine of native flora and fauna across the Wattle (Acacia terminalis subsp. landscape. Connecting biodiverse areas terminalis). Endangered populations of is particularly important in the face of SYDNEY PARK Long-nosed Bandicoot and Plum-leaf climate change. Investigate opportunities COOKS RIVER Pomaderris (Pomaderris prunifolia) occur to enhance native biodiversity in Green within the Central District. Grid corridors to help expand the urban forest to achieve canopy cover targets. Many areas of high biodiversity are protected in national parks and nature Engage local communities about the ALEXANDRIA CANAL COOGEE reserves, as well as on privately biological assets of their ‘local patch of owned land managed for conservation bush’ to encourage active involvement purposes. The protection of biodiversity in the protection and enhancement of in the landscape provides a range of bushland and other biodiversity. This will environmental, social and economic require engagement of local communities WOLLI CREEK benefits. Detailed information on areas about the multiple benefits of their local of high environmental is available from bush and riparian areas and waterways BOTANY WETLANDS the Office of Environment and Heritage and action to improve the ecological and councils. Where necessary, data and literacy to deepen the community BARDWELL CREEK MAROUBRA mapping of areas of high environmental perception of green infrastructure. HEFFRON PARK value will be ground-truthed to improve accuracy. Volunteer and community groups are ROCKDALE WETLANDS an important sector in the rehabilitation LEGEND The Office of Environment and Heritage of native vegetation in urban areas. In has also developed a Biodiversity recognition of the effort and funding District Boundary Investment Opportunities Map (BIO Map) dedicated to these areas, a level of Concrete Canals Rivers and Creeks for part of Greater Sydney. The BIO Map protection should be provided through MALABAR identifies priority areas for investment the planning process by applying Water Bodies in bushland protection and restoration, appropriate provisions and mechanisms. Ramsar Wetlands comprising core areas of bushland and corridors, that are important at a state NOTE: Ecological Grid values and text BioMap Core Areas and regional level for biodiversity. provided in consultation with the Office of BioMap Regional Corridors BOTANY BAY Environment and Heritage [OEH]. High Environmental Lands Implement the ‘avoid, minimise, SSROC Priority Habitats offset’ hierarchy by striving to avoid SSROC Supporting Habitats and minimise impacts from zoning intensification and development on SSROC Supporting Areas

SCALE 1:40,000 @ A1 LA PEROUSE

0 1 2km

Figure C.6: Central District Ecological Grid Plan

123 CENTRAL SYDNEY THE RECREATIONAL GRID OLYMPIC PARK

POWELL CREEK IRON COVE SYDNEY HARBOUR HEN AND BAY CHICKEN BAY

ROOKWOOD WHITE BAY RECREATION Key features and findings regarding recreational open space planning for both passive and active sports are currently being analysed and will be described in THE GREENWAY collaboration with other consultancies. IRON COVE CREEK

CENTENNIAL PARK BONDI HERITAGE The Central District contains a diverse array of indigenous, non-indigenous and natural heritage, including SYDNEY PARK important examples of early Aboriginal COOKS RIVER and European settlement, dwellings, landscape items, archaeological sites and indigenous relics.

The protection of important heritage ALEXANDRIA CANAL COOGEE places and landscapes from the early planning stages is important as these places contribute to the district’s identity and provide a sense of place, history and WOLLI CREEK visual character. They also contribute BOTANY WETLANDS to the economy through the attraction of visitors. Heritage is a non-renewable resource and the significance of heritage BARDWELL CREEK to the community should be appreciated, LEGEND MAROUBRA valued, protected and conserved for the benefit of current and future generations. District Boundary Concrete Canals ROCKDALE WETLANDS Aboriginal cultural heritage is legally Rivers and Creeks protected in NSW. Protecting Aboriginal Water Bodies heritage means far more than looking Bushland after sites in parks or artefacts in museums. Aboriginal people need to Civic be consulted on the conservation of the Parklands natural environment and the development Cemetery of areas. Golf Course Horse Racing BOTANY BAY Acknowledge heritage resources as a Sports ‘value addition’ in urban development. This will include identifying significant Cycleways Existing heritage values and incorporating them Cycleways Proposed into developments, including the adaptive reuse of heritage resources.

SCALE 1:40,000 @ A1

0 1 2km

Figure C.7: Central District Recreational Grid Plan

124 CENTRAL SYDNEY GREEN GRID EXISTING VALUES OLYMPIC PARK

POWELL CREEK IRON COVE SYDNEY HARBOUR HEN AND BAY CHICKEN BAY

ROOKWOOD WHITE BAY The Green Grid Existing Values plans represent a combination of the current values from the Hydrological, Ecological and Recreational Grids. This shows the weighting of valued open space lands THE GREENWAY across the district and the balance of IRON COVE CREEK Hydrological, Ecological and Recreational BONDI CENTENNIAL PARK BONDI values across the district.

SYDNEY PARK COOKS RIVER

ALEXANDRIA CANAL COOGEE

WOLLI CREEK BOTANY WETLANDS

BARDWELL CREEK LEGEND MAROUBRA

District Boundary Concrete Canals ROCKDALE WETLANDS Rivers and Creeks Water Bodies Ramsar Wetlands BioMap Core Areas MALABAR BioMap Regional Corridors High Environmental Lands SSROC Priority Habitats SSROC Supporting Habitats BOTANY BAY SSROC Supporting Areas Public Open Space Cycleways Existing Cycleways Proposed

SCALE 1:40,000 @ A1 LA PEROUSE

0 1 2km

Figure C.8: Central Green Grid Existing Values Plan

125 CENTRAL DISTRICT GREEN GRID PROJECT OPPORTUNITIES

PROJECT OPPORTUNITY DOMINANT GRID LAYER 1. The Greenway and the Hawthorne Canal HYDROLOGICAL 2. The Great Coastal Walk: South Head to La Perouse RECREATIONAL 3. Anzac Parade: Moore Park to La Perouse TRANSPORT 4. Sydney Harbour Foreshore and Parramatta River Walk RECREATIONAL 5. The Bay Run and Iron Cove Creek RECREATIONAL 6. The Cooks River Open Space Corridor HYDROLOGICAL 7. Parramatta Road Urban Renewal Corridor TRANSPORT The list of projects is a compilation of 8. Mill Stream and Botany Wetlands Open Space Corridor HYDROLOGICAL projects derived from the original Green 9. Alexandra Canal HYDROLOGICAL Grid Reports together with the outcome 10. Bourke Street and George Street Active Transport Green Links TRANSPORT from Greater Sydney Commission’s 11. Rockdale Wetlands Open Space Corridor ECOLOGICAL District Plan Workshops and NSW 12. Wolli Creek Regional Park and Bardwell Valley Parklands ECOLOGICAL Department of Planning and Environment 13. The Coastal Walk: Botany Bay Foreshores RECREATIONAL Open Space Workshops. 14. M5 Motorway Open Space Corridor TRANSPORT 15. East Hills Rail Line Open Space Corridor TRANSPORT This project list represents the projects 16. Hen and Chicken Bay Foreshore RECREATIONAL identified by various interest groups 17. White Bay and Blackwattle Bay Foreshore and Open Space TRANSPORT and governments as potential priority 18. South East Light Rail Corridor TRANSPORT projects. The projects are currently being 19. Eastern Beach Suburb Street Green Links RECREATIONAL assessed against the GIS data and work 20. Sydney Harbour Eastern Bays Foreshore RECREATIONAL methodology as described previously. 21. Freight Rail Lines Chullora to Port Botany TRANSPORT 22. Rhodes and Concord Open Space and Hospital Precincts RECREATIONAL The “Dominant Grid Layer” in the Project 23. Fitzgerald Avenue and Heffron Park Open Space, Botany RECREATIONAL List refers to the infrastructure layer of 24. Powells Creek and Mason Park, Strathfield HYDROLOGICAL the city that is most concerned with this project, and as a result may have funding 25. Tom Uren Trail, Balmain RECREATIONAL allocated to it. This layer only represents 26. Joseph Banks Reserve and Foreshore Drive HYDROLOGICAL the project as it currently exists and is not 27. La Perouse to Kurnell Ferry TRANSPORT necessarily correlate to its future vision. 28. Cooks River to Homebush Bay Green Link RECREATIONAL 29. Lilyfield Road Active Transport Corridor TRANSPORT 30. Johnstons Creek and Harold Park HYDROLOGICAL 31. Burwood Green Link: Burwood Park to Hen and Chicken Bay RECREATIONAL 32. St Lukes Park and Concord Oval Green Link RECREATIONAL 33. Sydney Harbour Bays Green Links: Balmain and Rozelle RECREATIONAL 34. Randwick Barracks and Environment Park to Coast Link ECOLOGICAL 35. Central to Eveleigh Railyards DEVELOPMENT 36. Illawarra Rail Line: Wolli Creek to Redfern TRANSPORT 37. Bankstown to Sydenham Open Space Corridor TRANSPORT 38. Airport to Bourke Street Active Transport Green Link TRANSPORT 39. Whites Creek and Whites Creek Lane, Leichhardt HYDROLOGICAL 40. East-West Coastal Green Links: Mascot to Maroubra RECREATIONAL 41. East West Coastal Green Links: Randwick to Coogee RECREATIONAL 42. East West Coastal Green Links: Hyde Park to Bronte RECREATIONAL 43. Breakfast Point and Cabarita Foreshores RECREATIONAL 44. Bondi Junction to Double Bay Green Link RECREATIONAL 45. Bondi Junction to Rose Bay Green Link RECREATIONAL 46. Bondi Junction to Bondi Beach Green Link RECREATIONAL 47. Cooks River Secondary Green Links: Strathfield to Belmore RECREATIONAL 48. Cooks River Secondary Green Links: Ashfield to Canterbury RECREATIONAL 49. Cooks River Secondary Green Links: Burwood to Campsie RECREATIONAL 50. Boulevarde Streets Green Links from Urban Centres to Botany Bay RECREATIONAL

126 SOUTH HEAD 22 22 SYDNEY OLYMPIC PARK 4 43

4 4 20 24 25 31 33 5 16 33 32 18 5 17 28 7 2 STRATHFIELD 29 10 20 45 45 44 48 39 30 47 1 CENTRAL 42 6 49 46 7 35 18 REDFERN 42 BONDI 42 10 10 1 CENTENNIAL PARK 36 21 19 19 37 37 SYDNEY PARK 6 SYDENHAM 41 36 9 COOGEE 21 19 15 38 3

12 8 34 WOLLI CREEK 40 2

14 12 23 6 40 8 MAROUBRA 21

50 26

19 23 36 3 11 13 50

BOTANY BAY

50 2

27 LA PEROUSE SCALE 1:40,000 @ A1

0 1 2km

Figure C.9: Central Green Grid Project Opportunities

127 King Georges Park, Iron Cove Bay

128 PROJECT OPPORTUNITIES

WEST

NORTH WEST CENTRAL

CENTRAL SOUTH

SOUTH WEST

129 PROJECT PRIORITISATION METHODOLOGY

The Green Grid projects have been Each project is given a total score based NOTE: analysed against ten priority criteria. on the sum of the above values. Of Each project has been given a total score the projects that score 10 or higher (of - The Wolli Creek Regional Park and which represents its level of priority in the a possible 12), Priority projects were Bardwell Valley Parklands lies on the Green Grid network. The ten criteria are: selected based on relevance to future boundary of the Central and South development requirements and other Districts. For further information refer • Existing ecological, hydrological and Greater Sydney Commission and NSW to the Wolli Creek Parklands Green Grid recreational value Planning priorities. For each district two Project in the South District. • Regional potential to connect to or three projects are selected and are other Green Grid projects highlighted dark green in the project - The Cooks River Open Space Corridor • Super District Scale potential to prioritisation matrix. High scoring lies on the boundary of the Central and connect across Local Government projects that are not deemed as Priority South Districts. For further information Area and District Boundaries Projects combined with projects that refer to the The Cooks River Open Space • Projects proximity to development score 8 or higher are defined as other Corridor Green Grid Project in the South • Projects with lands currently important projects and are highlighted District. controlled by the Office of Strategic light green in the project prioritisation Lands (OSL) matrix. From the “other important • Projects identified by Local Council’s projects” list a shortlist were selected for as priorities during the Greater inclusion into the District Plans based Sydney Commission’s Technical on their immediate relevance to other Working Group process. Greater Sydney Commission and NSW • Projects in regions with open space Planning priorities. deficiency as identified in the Government Architect’s Office Open Space Audit. • Projects that overlap or provide important connections to NSW Department of Planning Priority Precincts.

130 CENTRAL DISTRICT PRELIMINARYTYRRELLSTUDIO PROJECT PRIORITISATION MATRIX

PRIORITY PROJECT CRITERIA POTENTIAL PROJECT VALUES OVERLAP & PROXIMITY VALUES SUPER PRIORITY COUNT ECOLOGICAL HYDROLOGICAL RECREATIONAL CONNECTIVITY DISTRICT PROXIMITY TO OSL LANDS GSC TWG OPEN SPACE PRECINCT PROJECT NAME VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE SCALE VALUE DEVELOPMENT OVERLAP FOCUS DEFICIENCY OVERLAP GREEN GRID PROJECT TYPE [CATEGORY WEIGHTING] [0-1] [0-1] [0-1] [0-2] [0-2] [0-1] [0-1] [0-1] [0-1] [0-1]

CENTRAL DISTRICT PROJECT OPPORTUNITIES 1. The Greenway and the Hawthorne Canal 10 1 1 1 2 1 111 1Waterway Corridor 2. The Great Coastal Walk: South Head to La Perouse 9 1 1 1 22 1 1 Waterway Corridor 3. Anzac Parade: Moore Park to La Perouse 7 1 22 1 1 Transport Corridors 4. Sydney Harbour Foreshore and Parramatta River Walk 8 1 1 22 1 1 Waterway Corridor 5. The Bay Run and Iron Cove Creek 6 1 12 1 1 Waterway Corridor 6. The Cooks River Open Space Corridor 11 1 1 1 22 1 11 1Waterway Corridor 7. Parramatta Road Urban Renewal Corridor 9 1 22 1 11 1Transport Corridors 8. Mill Stream and Botany Wetlands Open Space Corridor 10 1 1 1 22 1 11 Ecological Lands 9. Alexandra Canal 6 1 12 1 1 Waterway Corridor 10. Bourke Street and George Street Active Transport Green Links 4 12 1 Urban Centre Street Links 11. Rockdale Wetlands Open Space Corridor 12 1 1 1 22 1 111 1Ecological Lands 12. Wolli Creek Regional Park and Bardwell Valley Parklands 11 1 1 1 22 1 11 1Ecological Lands 13. The Great Coastal Walk: Botany Bay Foreshores 10 1 1 1 22 1 11 Waterway Corridor 15. M5 Motorway Open Space Corridor 7 1 22 1 1 Transport Corridors 16. East Hills Rail Line Open Space Corridor 7 1 22 1 1 Transport Corridors 16. Hen and Chicken Bay Foreshore 9 11121111Waterway Corridor 17. White Bay and Blackwattle Bay Foreshore and Open Space 7112111Transport Corridors 18. South East Light Rail Corridor 7 1 22 1 1 Transport Corridors 19. Eastern Beach Suburb Street Green Links 611211 Urban Centre Street Links 20. Sydney Harbour Eastern Bays Foreshore 6 1 12 1 1 Waterway Corridor 21. Freight Rail Lines Chullora to Port Botany 5 12 1 1 Utilities Easements 22. Rhodes and Concord Open Space and Hospital Precincts 8 1112111Mixed Open Space Corridor 23. Fitzgerald Avenue and Heffron Park Open Space, Botany 71 1 1 2 1 1 Mixed Open Space Corridor 24. Powells Creek and Mason Park, Strathfield 9 1 1 1 2 1 11 1Waterway Corridor 25. Tom Uren Trail, Balmain 6 1 2 1 1 1 Mixed Open Space Corridor 26. Joseph Banks Reserve and Foreshore Drive 71 1 1 2 1 1 Ecological Lands 27. La Perouse to Kurnell Ferry 3 12 Transport Corridors 28. Cooks River to Homebush Bay Green Link 6 12 1 1 1Urban Centre Street Links 29. Lilyfield Road Active Transport Corridor 6 12111Urban Centre Street Links 30. Johnsons Creek and Harold Park 7 1 12 1 1 1Waterway Corridor 31. Burwood Green Link: Burwood Park to Hen and Chicken Bay 8 11 12 1 1 1Urban Centre Street Links 32. St Lukes Park and Concord Oval Green Link 7 1 12 1 1 1Waterway Corridor 33. Sydney Harbour Bays Green Links: Balmain and Rozelle 5 12 1 1 Urban Centre Street Links 34. Randwick Barracks and Environment Park to Coast Link 7111211 Mixed Open Space Corridor 35. Central to Eveleigh Railyards 5 2 1 11Transport Corridors 36. Illawarra Rail Line: Wolli Creek to Redfern 7 1 22 1 1 Transport Corridors 37. Bankstown to Sydenham Open Space Corridor 9 1 1 22 1 11 Transport Corridors 38. Airport to Bourke Street Active Transport Green Link 5 12 1 1 Urban Centre Street Links 39. Whites Creek and Whites Creek Lane, Leichhardt 7 1 12 1 1 1Waterway Corridor 40. East-West Coastal Green Links: Mascot to Maroubra 7112111Urban Centre Street Links 41. East West Coastal Green Links: Randwick to Coogee 6 12111Urban Centre Street Links 42. East West Coastal Green Links: Hyde Park to Bronte 8 1112111Urban Centre Street Links 43. Breakfast Point and Cabarita Foreshores 5 1 12 1 Waterway Corridor 44. Bondi Junction to Double Bay Green Link 6 12111Urban Centre Street Links 45. Bondi Junction to Rose Bay Green Link 6 12111Urban Centre Street Links 46. Bondi Junction to Bondi Beach Green Link 6 12111Urban Centre Street Links 47. Cooks River Secondary Green Links: Strathfield to Belmore 6 12 1 1 1Urban Centre Street Links 48. Cooks River Secondary Green Links: Ashfield to Canterbury 6 12 1 1 1Urban Centre Street Links 49. Cooks River Secondary Green Links: Burwood to Campsie 6 12 1 1 1Urban Centre Street Links 50. Boulevarde Streets Green Links from Urban Centres to Botany Bay 7 121111Urban Centre Street Links

131 Bare Island, La Perouse

132 CENTRAL DISTRICT PRIORITY PROJECTS FOR FURTHER SCOPING

A selection of important Green Grid project opportunities have been selected for further scoping. The selected projects represent a mix of priority and other important Green Grid projects. The selected projects also represent a mix of project types including projects with hydrological, ecological, recreational, transport and utility infrastructure values. The projects selected for further scoping may not represent the highest priority projects but aim to further understand the potential issues around different project types.

1. THE GREENWAY AND 2. EASTERN BEACHES 3. MILL STREAM & HAWTHORNE CANAL GREEN LINK BOTANY WETLANDS OPEN SPACE CORRIDOR 2.

The Greenway is a sequence of open The Eastern Beaches Link projects aim Botany Wetlands and the Mills Stream spaces that link Iron Cove to the Cooks to build on the success of the Coastal extends from Botany Bay and Sydney River. It predominantly follows the Walk and improve east-west connections Airport to Centennial Park through Hawthorne Canal, the Light Rail Corridor between the beaches and Centennial The Australian, Lakes, Eastlakes and from Leichhardt North to Dulwich Hill Park, Bondi Junction, the Sydney CBD Bonnie Doon Golf Courses. The Botany Light Rail Stations. The Greenway creates and the inner suburbs. Wetlands are regionally significant as a a connected open space corridor that major recharge source for the Botany 3. crosses a number of major east-west These projects will primarily be street Sands Aquifer, and the home of two barriers including Parramatta Road, the conversion projects, that will work regionally rare vegetation communities, Parramatta Rail Line, Old Canterbury alongside Transport for NSW to provide the Sydney Freshwater Wetlands and Road, New Canterbury Road and the improved pedestrian and cycle links as the Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub. Bankstown Rail Line. well as improved public domain. Public use and access along this corridor is limited, and presents a significant opportunity for improved north-south access and cross district access.

Figure C.10: Central Preliminary Priority Projects Plan

133 THE GREENWAY & HAWTHORNE CANAL CENTRAL: PRIORITY PROJECT

The Cooks River to Iron Cove GreenWay quality of life of people living and working is a 5.8 km long sustainable transport and within the GreenWay catchment and the urban environmental corridor connecting many thousands who will live or work in the Parramatta River at Iron Cove to the new developments under construction or Cooks River at Earlwood. Following proposed in the vicinity. the route of the inner West Light Rail, the Greenway corridor and catchment The section of the GreenWay between has a population of 48,000 people and Old Canterbury Road and Parramatta connects the urban villages of Leichhardt, Road, Missing Links F to J is yet to Haberfield, Summer Hill, Petersham, be completed and forms the basis of Lewisham, Dulwich Hill, Hurlstone Park this study commissioned by Ashfield, and Earlwood. Marrickville and Leichhardt Councils. The GreenWay is a regionally significant The Inner West communities have green link identified in “A Plan for been working with GreenWay Councils Growing Sydney” as part of the Sydney and other stakeholders to complete Green Grid which provides the strategic the GreenWay trail (cycle and walking framework for an interconnected network track). Currently a total of 2.6 km (45%) of open space across Metropolitan of the GreenWay trail is in place, with Sydney. approximately 3,2 km (55%) yet to be completed. The strategic importance of the GreenWay as a north south connection The Inner West has been identified from the Cooks River to Sydney Harbour by NSW Planning & Environment for will become the first of a number of significant growth in jobs and housing important north-south corridors that over the next 10 to 20 years. Much of connect the urban centres along these this growth will be located within the two water bodies. The Greenway is GreenWay corridor and its catchment. located in a critical position in the Green This includes the Taverners Hill and Grid network. Intersections with the Lewisham West development precincts Cooks River, the Bankstown Rail Line, the which together will accommodate up Parramatta Rail Line, Parramatta Road to 7000 new dwellings and significant and the Bay Run give the Greenway the commercial and retail space. potential to play an important role in the regions active transport and open space Incremental completion of the GreenWay network. trail will significantly contribute to the

134 POTENTIAL FOCUS AREAS A. Marion Street, Haberfield B. Parramatta Road, Taverners Hill Light Rail Station C. Parramatta Rail Line and Longport Street, Lewisham D. Old Canterbury Road and Mungo Scott Flour Mills Site A. E. Davis Street, Hoskins Park and Waratah Mills Site. F. New Canterbury Road and Hercules Street, Dulwich Hill G. Dulwich Hill Skate Park, Bankstown Rail Line and Ewart Street H. Marrickville Golf Club and Wardell Road, Dulwich Hill

LEGEND

Existing Roads Existing Rail Lines F. Local Streets Waterways Green Grid Projects Existing Open Space High Environmental Lands G.

Key Opportunity Sites

Potential Open Space H. Figure C.11: The Greenway and Hawthorne Canal Potential Focus Areas

135 EASTERN BEACHES GREEN LINK CENTRAL: IMPORTANT PROJECT

The Eastern Beaches Link projects aim to build on the success of the Coastal Walk and improve east-west connections between the beaches and Centennial Park, Bondi Junction, the Sydney CBD and the inner suburbs.

These projects will primarily be street conversion projects, that will work alongside Transport for NSW to provide improved pedestrian and cycle links as well as improved public domain.

This project is a proposal for a cycleway to link the Sydney CBD with Bondi Junction CBD along Oxford Street via Moore Park and Centennial Park. This is a priority route, identified in Sydney’s Cycling Future (2013) as Eastern Suburbs Link (Bondi Junction to CBD).

The link is also identified as part of Priority Route 1: Bondi Beach to Bondi Junction to CBD in the Waverley Council Bike Plan (2013). This is nominated in the plan as ‘Waverley’s highest priority route’. In the 2016-17 financial Year Waverley Council received grant funding from RMS to design part of the route: a cycleway along Oxford Street from Bronte Road to York Street. When constructed, this section of the route will connect Bondi Junction CBD with the North Eastern entrance to Centennial Park.

136 POTENTIAL FOCUS AREAS A. Bronte Road, Bronte B. MacPherson St, Bronte C. Darley Street and Queens Park D. York Road and Eastern edge of Centennial Park E. Bondi Road, North Bondi F. Bondi Junction and Oxford Street Mall, Bondi L. G. Oxford Street and Centennial Park H. Oxford Street, Paddington J. Moore Park Road, Moore Park K. Fitzroy Street and Albion Street, Surry Hills L. Oxford Street, Darlinghurst K. H.

F. E. D.

C. LEGEND A.

Existing Roads Existing Rail Lines B. Local Streets Waterways Green Grid Projects Existing Open Space High Environmental Lands

Key Opportunity Sites

Potential Open Space

Figure C.12: Eastern Beaches Green Link Potential Focus Areas

137 MILL STREAM & BOTANY WETLANDS CENTRAL: PRIORITY PROJECT

The Botany Wetlands will become Botany Wetlands are the largest an important public open space that freshwater wetlands in the Sydney region connects Centennial Park to Botany Bay. and contain some of the area’s remaining The publicly accessible open space will indigenous vegetation and significant transform some golf course lands into native fauna. public parklands that pass through the Botany Wetlands, an important ecological Sydney Freshwater Wetlands and the corridor and historic water supply system Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub are for Sydney. considered endangered ecological communities and protected under both Botany City Council have done a number Commonwealth and State laws. of investigations, including concepts in the “Botany Bay Vision 2040”. The The Botany Wetlands are listed on the following descriptions include excerpts Commonwealth Government’s Directory from the Botany Bay Vision 2040. of Wetlands which recognises the most significant Wetlands in Australia. The The project aims to restore community wetlands also have recognised regional access to the Wetlands, starting with ecological value as native animal habitat cycling and pedestrian connections from and movement corridors including for Gardeners Road through the golf courses migratory eels. to the Lord St Business park then along the Millpond to Sir Joseph Banks Park. The new park with pedestrian and bicycle links would restore internal connections The Botany Wetlands was Sydney’s through our City from the Bay through third water supply system. It is the to Gardeners Road and beyond to only remaining ‘swamp’ system that is Centennial Park, making it easy once substantially intact in its original form. again to get from Mascot to Botany and The Wetlands contain ruins of the former Daceyville and to connect to the city. water supply system, trees planted in 1869 and a 1915 sewage pump all of which will be well appreciated features in a new park.

138 G. POTENTIAL FOCUS AREAS A. Foreshore Road and Joseph Banks Parklands F. B. Mill Pond and Botany Road, Botany C. Mill Stream, Freight Line and Wentworth Avenue D. Botany Dams and Eastlakes Golf Course, Daceyville E. Doncaster Ave and Kensington Park, Kensington F. Doncaster Ave and Randwick Racecourse G. Alison Road and Centennial Park, Randwick

C. D.

LEGEND B.

Existing Roads Existing Rail Lines Local Streets Waterways A. Green Grid Projects Existing Open Space High Environmental Lands

Key Opportunity Sites

Potential Open Space

Figure C.13: Mill Stream and Botany Wetlands Potential Focus Areas

139 Botany Wetlands, Mascot

140 CENTRAL DISTRICT OTHER IMPORTANT GREEN GRID PROJECT OPPORTUNITIES

Rockdale Wetlands The Cooks River Wolli Creek Regional The Coastal Walk: The Great Coastal Walk Powells Creek and Mason Open Space Corridor Park and Bardwell Valley Botany Bay Foreshores from South Head to La Park, Strathfield Parklands Perouse The Rockdale Wetlands Open Space The Cooks River Foreshore is a The Botany Bay Foreshores are an Corridor is a District wide significant connected sequence of open spaces Wolli Creek is a tributary of the Cooks important section of the Great Coastal Sydney’s Great Coastal Walk extends Powells Creek and Mason Park Wetlands project. The project area currently from Wolli Creek to Strathfield and is an River and rises at Narwee from where Walk around the edges of the bay from from Barrenjoey Head in the North are important tributaries into the Badu includes 40% of Rockdale Council’s open important project for both the South and it flows east. At Turrella it is joined by La Perouse to Kurnell. They connect District to the Royal National Park in Mangroves, Bicentennial Park and the space and 90% of its biodiversity assets, Central Districts. There is opportunity to Bardwell Creek at the Henderson Street important existing open spaces and are the South District. While the Coastal Parramatta River. The project is also Landing Lights Wetlands. The corridor transform the corridor into a regionally weir. Wolli Creek and its tributary, very popular recreation parklands and Walk from Bondi to Maroubra is important open space corridor that links runs from the Cooks River to Captain significant parkland corridor, improve Bardwell Creek, form the second largest walking and cycling corridor. The major largely complete, there remains some the urban centres of Concord West, North Cook Bridge along Muddy Creek, through water quality, and provide high quality sub-catchment of the Cooks River missing links include La Perouse to missing links, including around Malabar Strathfield, Homebush and Strathfield Eve Street Wetlands, Riverine and Barton open space along the highly urbanised catchment covering 15.52 km2. Looking Kyeemagh, Taren Point Bridge to Shell Headland, from Malabar to La Perouse to Parramatta Road, Bicentennial Park Parks (Spring Creek Wetlands), Patmore catchment. Improving connectivity to at the creek today, it is hard to imagine Point. This project links to the Rockdale and South Coogee to North Maroubra, and the Parramatta River Foreshore. Swamp, Scarborough Park ponds and nearby centres including Strathfield, that, in the late 1800s, it was one of the Wetlands Open Space Corridor and The and from North Bondi to South Head. The project will provide walking and through to Sans Souci. The corridor is Sydney Olympic Park, Campsie, most polluted waterways in Sydney. Coastal Walk Green Grid projects. The Central and South Districts can also cycling links, urban greening, stormwater also a very important recreational corridor Canterbury, Dulwich Hill, Marrickville and The Wolli Creek and Bardwell Valley be connected by ferry from La Perouse to treatment and a mix of open space uses. with a significant amount of active sports Wolli Creek. This project will also connect intersect with the East Hills Rail Line and Kurnell. grounds and facilities, cycle and walking to other Green Grid projects including; the M5 Motorway. As a result there are trails. The project aims to protect and the Bankstown to Sydenham Open Space a number of barriers that disconnect enhance this important hydrological and Corridor project, The Great Coastal Walk: the surrounding residential areas from ecological asset and create a connected Botany Bay Foreshores project, the Wolli connecting across the Wolli Creek open space corridor for walking, cycling Creek Regional Park and Bardwell Valley valleys. and urban greening, along the F6 Parklands project and the Rockdale The Wolli Creek Green Grid project aims corridor open spaces from the Airport to Wetlands Open Space Corridor [F6 to project walking and cycling links Sutherland. This area is currently zoned Corridor] project. along and across the valleys, as well as for the future F6 Freeway, which should improving usable open space along the be designed to retain and protect the corridor. important open spaces in the corridor.

141 BIBLIOGRAPHY IMAGE CREDITS

PUBLICATIONS Evans, C. and Freestone, R.2 (2010) ‘From DP&I (April 2013), White Paper - A new FUNDING PROGRAMS / PROJECTS IMAGE PAGE CD9 118 Green Belt to Green Web: Regional Open planning system for NSW Sydney Park ARUP (April 2014), Cities Alive Rethinking Australian Governments Green Army CD1 110 Space Planning in Sydney 1948-1963’, http://www.planning.nsw.gov. Source: http://sydneyyoursay.com.au/syd- green infrastructure, ARUP. Programme Landing Lights Wetland, Rockdale Planning Practice & Research, 25(2), 221- au/en-us/policyandlegislation/ neypark/photos/1379 http://www.environment.gov.au/land/green- Source: http://postcardsydney.com/ Astell-Burt, T., Feng, X., Kolt, G.S. (2013), 238. previousstagesofplanningreview/ Photo: City of Sydney army barton-park-banksia/landing-lights-wet- Green space is associated with walking whitepaper.aspx Evans, C. and Freestone, R.3 (2011), Pollicy land-banksia-rockdale-sydney/ CD10 120 and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity DP&I (1990) Metropolitan Greenspace Challenges for Metropolitan Greenspace NSW Department of Infrastructure, Photo: PostcardSydney.com Coogee to Bondi Walk (MPVA) in middle-to-older-aged adults: Program in Sydney, Paper presented to the SOAC Planning and Natural Resources, (2004), Source: https://au.pinterest.com/ findings from 203 883 Australians in the 45 http://www.planning.nsw.gov.au/en-us/ CD2 111 Conference, UNSW. Assessing recreation demand and pin/552253973026515654/ and Up Study, BMJ. planningyourregion/fundingprograms/ Neilsen Park NSW National Parks Opportunities Southern Sydney Region, Photo: @interstudioviaggi Instagram No- Evans, C. and Freestone, R.4 (2012), metropolitangreenspaceprogram.aspx Source: http://www.nationalparks.nsw.gov. Astell-Burt, T., Feng, X., Kolt, G.S. (2013), Summary report vember 2015 Greespace for Sydney over the next au/things-to-do/Picnic-areas/Nielsen-Park “Mental health benefits of neighbourhood http://www.infrastructure.nsw.gov.au/pdfs/ DP&I Regional Recreation Tracks and Trails 20years: Submission on the Discussion Photo: David Finnegan CD11 120 green space are stronger among physically SIS_Report_Complete_Print.pdf Framework (Metropolitan Greenspace Paper, UNSW. Glebe Foreshore Walk active adults in middle-to-older-age: Program) CD3 113 Veal, A.J. (2013), “Open space planning Source: JMD Design Evidence from 260,061 Australians” in Infrastructure NSW (2011), The State Sydney Harbour standards in Australia: in search of origins” P&I, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Photo: Brett Boardman Preventative Medicine, vol. 57, pp601-606. Infrastructure Strategy 2012-2032. Source: http://www.weather2travel.com/ in Australian Planner 50:3, 224-232. Sydney Coastal Councils Group, Western blog/things-to-do-in-sydney-and-beyond. CD12 120 Australian Government Department of Jacobs, B., Mikhailovich, N., and Delaney, Sydney Regional Organisation of Councils Spirn, A.W. (1984), The Granite Garden: php Sydney Park Infrastructure and Transport Major Cities C., 2014, Benchmarking Australia’s Urban (WSROC) Towards a Resilient Sydney urban Nature and Human Design, New Photo: Hamilton Lund - Destination NSW Source: http://architectureau.com/arti- Unit (2011), Our Cities, Our Future - A Tree Canopy: An i-Tree Assessment, York, Basic Books. NSW Office of Environment & Heritage (OEH), cles/2012-aila-nsw-awards/#img=2 National Urban Policy Framework for a prepared for Horticulture Australia Limited CD4 113 Green Corridors Program Award for Design in Landscape Architec- productive, sustainable and liveable future by the Institute for Sustainable Futures, Spirn, A.W. (1994), “The International Ballast Point Park http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/ ture: Sydney Park Stormwater Harvesting http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/ University of Technology Sydney Conference on the Economic, Social, Source: https://drawnoutdoors.files.word- conservationprograms/greencorridors.htm Stage 1 by AECOM with the City of Sydney. infrastructure/pab/files/Our_Cities_National_ and Environmental Problems of Cities: press.com/2012/04/img_0290.jpg Naumann, S., McKenna, D., Kaphengst, Image: David Lloyd Urban_Policy_Paper_2011.pdf The Impact and Next Steps” in Cities for OEH, Linking Landscapes Through Local Photo: Drawn Outdoors Pieterse, M., Rayment, M. (2011), Design, the 21st Century, Paris: Organization for Action project (Green Corridors Program) CD13 121 Australian Government Department of implementation and cost elements of CD5 113 Economic Co-operation and Development. http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/ Chinatown Laneway Project Infrastructure and Transport Major Cities Green Infrastructure projects, Final report Bare Island, La Perouse conservationprograms/linkinglandscapes.htm Source: http://architectureau.com/articles/ Unit, State of Australian Cities 2013, http:// Brussels, European Commission. Spirn, A.W. (1998), The Language of Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wiki- sydney-laneways/#img=5 www.infrastructure.gov.au/infrastructure/ Landscape, New Haven: Yale Univeristy OEH, The Growth Centres Biodiversity Offset pedia/commons/7/7a/1ABAREfORT.JPG Mitchell, R., Astell-Burt, T. & Richardson, Image: Simon Wood pab/soac/ Press. Program (Green Corridors Program) Photo: Adam.J.W.C Creative Commons: CC E.A. (2011), “A comparison of green space http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/ BY-SA 3.0 CD14 121 Commission for Architecture and the Built indicators for epidemiological research” in biocertification/GrowthCentres.htm Green Square Library Proposal Environment (CABE) (2004), Green space J Epiemiol Community Health, 2011, vol. CD6 114 Source: http://architectureau.com/arti- strategies a good practice guide, CABE. 65, pp853-858. Iron Cove Aerial OEH, National Parks Establishment Plan cles/green-square-library-and-plaza-an- http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov. (Green Corridors Program) Source: NSW Office of the Government NSW Department of Planning (DoP) nounced/#img=3 uk/20110118095356/http:/www.cabe.org. http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/ Architect’s Collection (December 2010), Recreation and Open Image: Stewart Hollenstein + Colin Stewart uk/files/green-space-strategies.pdf protectedareas/npestabplan.htm Space Planning Guidelines For Local CD7 118 Architects Ely, M. and Pitman, S. (2012), Green Infra- Government, DoP. Centennial Park CD15 121 structure, Life support for human habitats, Source: https://jamesobrien. NSW Department of Planning & Prince Alfred Park The compelling evidence for incorporating id.au/2010/08/01/wimbo-park-and-centen- Infrastructure (DP&I) (March 2013), Source: http://architectureau.com/articles/ nature into urban environments, Green nial-park/centennialpark/ Draft Metropolitan Strategy for Sydney to prince-alfred-park/ Infrastructure Project, Botanic Gardens of Photo: James O’Brien 2031 Design: Sue Barnsley Design and Neeson Adelaide, http://strategies.planning.nsw.gov. CD8 118 Murcutt Architects SA Department of Environment, Water and au/MetropolitanStrategyforSydney/ Sydney Park Image: Brett Boardman Natural Resources. Aboutthestrategy.aspx Source: http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov. Evans, C. and Freestone, R.1 (2009), Green au/explore/facilities/parks/major-parks/ DP&I (December 2012), NSW Long Term Regional Design: Philosophies, policies sydney-park Transport Master Plan and products in the evolution of metro- Photo: City of Sydney http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/sites/ politan open space in Sydney 1948-2008, default/files/b2b/publications/nsw- University of Melbourne, Victoria, Universi- transport-masterplan-final.pdf ty of New South Wales (UNSW).

142 LIST OF FIGURES

CD16 121 CD24 134 CD35 141 FIGURE Balfour St Pocket Park Greenway, Hawthorne Canal Brighton Le Sands Figure C.1: Central District Open Space and Density Map Source: http://www.landezine.com/index. Source: NSW Office of the Government Source: NSW Office of the Government Figure C.2: Central District LGA Plan php/2014/07/balfour-street-pocket-park-by- Architect’s Collection Architect’s Collection Figure C.3: Central District Project Clusters Plan jane-irwin-landscape-architecture/ CD25 136 CD36 141 Design: JILA Figure C.4: Central District Access to Open Space Plan Tamarama Kiosk Bondi to Coogee Great Coastal Walk Photo: John Platt Figure C.5: Central District Hydrological Grid Plan Source: http://lahznimmo.com/project/ Source: https://www.shutterstock.com/im- Figure C.6: Central District Ecological Grid Plan CD17 121 tamarama-kiosk/ age-photo/bondi-coogee-coastal-walk-syd- Figure C.7: Central District Recreational Grid Plan White Bay Power Station Artist Impression Photo: Brett Boardman ney-australia-162122351 Source: http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014- Photo: CoolR Figure C.8: Central Green Grid Existing Values Plan CD26 136 07-17/white-bay-power-station-artist-im- Figure C.9: Central Green Grid Project Opportunities Centennial Park CD37 141 pression/5604524 Figure C.10: Central Preliminary Priority Projects Plan Source: http://www.centennialparklands. Greenway, Hawthorne Canal Supplied: NSW Government com.au/places_to_visit/centennial_park Source: NSW Office of the Government Figure C.11: The Greenway and Hawthorne Canal Potential Focus Areas CD18 128 Photo: Botanic Gardens & Centennial Architect’s Collection Figure C.12: Eastern Beaches Green Link Potential Focus Areas King Georges Park, Iron Cove Parklands Figure C.13: Mill Stream and Botany Wetlands Potential Focus Areas Source: http://sydneyexcursions.blogspot. CD29 138 com.au/2014/11/iron-cove-bay-run.html Botany Wetlands Photo: Sydney Excursions Source: https://sydney-city.blogspot.com. CD19 132 au/2010/04/botany-wetlands.html Bare Island, La Perouse Photo: Jim Bar Source: http://beckdunnphotography.com. CD30 138 au/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/Bound-for- The Lakes Golf Club botany-bay.jpg Source: http://www.thelakesgolfclub.com. Photo: Beck Dunn Photography au/cms/golf/gallery/nggallery/page/2 CD20 133 Photo: The Lakes Golf Club Greenway, Hawthorne Canal GIS DATASETS CD31 140 Source: NSW Office of the Government Botany Wetlands Architect’s Collection Source: https://sydney-city.blogspot.com. NSW Department of Planning and Environment Cumberland Subregion BIO Map Biodiversity Corridors of Regional CD21 133 au/2010/04/botany-wetlands.html Urban Renewal Priority Precincts and Priority Growth Areas (2017) Significance (2015) Centennial Park Photo: Jim Bar Land Release Priority Precincts and Priority Growth Areas (2017) Biobanking Sites (2016) Source: https://jamesobrien. CD32 141 id.au/2010/08/01/wimbo-park-and-centen- District Boundaries (2016) NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) Estate (2016) Landing Lights Wetland, Rockdale nial-park/centennialpark/ Sydney Open Space (2016) Lands of High Environmental Value (HEV) (2016) Source: http://postcardsydney.com/ Photo: James O’Brien barton-park-banksia/landing-lights-wet- Metropolitan Rural Area (2016) NSW Estuaries (2010) CD22 133 land-banksia-rockdale-sydney/ Regional Recreation Trails Framework (2012) Strahler Stream Order (2016) Botany Wetlands Photo: PostcardSydney.com District Plan Centres (2016) Source: https://sydney-city.blogspot.com. CD33 141 au/2010/04/botany-wetlands.html NSW Transport Cooks River Photo: J Bar NSW Land and Property Information NSW Bicycle Geodatabase (2014) Photo: Dan Sharp, Tyrrellstudio. CD23 134 Greater Sydney Local Government Areas (2016) CD34 141 Greenway Railway Corridors (2016) Geosciences Australia Wolli Creek Regional Park Source: https://sydneyarchitecturearchive. Metropolitan Motorways (2016) Metropolitan Hydro Areas (2011) Source: http://www.wollicreek.org.au/ wordpress.com/2010/08/ wp-content/wolliupload/2011/03/kayak_2_ Roads (2016) Metropolitan Seas (2011) www.sydneyarchitecture.com large.jpg Photo: Tom Fletcher’s sydneyarchitecture. Sydney Water Supply Canals (2006) Photo: Wolli Creek Preservation Society com NSW Office of Environment and Heritage Ramsar Wetlands of NSW (2012) Southern Sydney Regional Organisation of Councils Cumberland Subregion BIO Map Core Areas (2015) Connected Corridors for Biodiversity (2016)

143 144