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Nanaimo River Watershed Baseline Report 2Nd Edition

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Nanaimo River Watershed Baseline Report 2Nd Edition Nanaimo River Watershed Baseline Report 2nd Edition Social, Environmental and Economic Values of the Nanaimo River Watershed. Edited by: NALT Nanaimo River Baseline Subcommittee Gillian Butler Paul Chapman Ted Gullison (Co-Chair) Matt Kellow Shawneen Walker (Co-Chair) Jessica Wolf Second Edition 2014 (First Edition 2011) Please cite as: Butler, G., P. Chapman, R.E. Gullison, M. Kellow, S. Walker and J. Wolf (Editors). 2014. Nanaimo River Baseline Report: social, environmental and economic values of the Nanaimo River and watershed. 2nd Edition. Unpublished report prepared for the Nanaimo & Area Land Trust. 312 pp. Funding to produce the 2nd Edition was in part provided by the Thrifty Foods Smilecard Program and the Pacific Salmon Foundation – Community Salmon Program. iii MESSAGE FROM THE NANAIMO & AREA LAND TRUST BOARD DEAN GAUDRY AND DALE LOVICK NALT BOARD CO-CHAIRS While the work that went into developing the chapters of this report and the information that has been assembled is truly impressive (and largely voluntary), it needs to be stated that, as with any document which has not had the benefit of peer review, opinions about the accuracy of the contents may vary from chapter to chapter. Rather than try to homogenize the style and content of the chapters, it was a decision of the Baseline Subcommittee to retain these distinct voices as a reflection of their position as Nanaimo River stakeholders. NALT would like to personally thank all of the contributors for the time and commitment each gave to this attempt to compile a comprehensive baseline report about the Nanaimo River and its watershed. We also thank the members of the Baseline Subcommittee for the many, many hours they spent designing, developing and guiding the first incarnation of this document. The Second Edition of the Nanaimo River Baseline Report (2014) is the continuation of a work-in- progress. This edition benefits from the work provided for the first edition of this report. Thanks to Jessica Korrol for providing many of the maps carried forward from 2011 and thanks to Carra Simpson for the layout and design which this edition is built on. Originally, the Baseline Subcommittee identified twelve aspects of the river they felt deserved a chapter in the report; however, for the first edition, only nine chapters were completed for the Symposium. In the second edition, new information includes: a Water Budget Study prepared by Waterline Resources Inc. for the Regional District of Nanaimo; a Fish Habitat Enhancement Update; and Biogeoclimatic and Terrestrial Habitat Reports for specific properties in the watershed. iv v FOREWORD FROM THE FIRST EDITION JOE STANHOPE REGIONAL DISTRICT OF NANAIMO BOARD CHAIR The Nanaimo River Baseline Report provides a unique overview of the Nanaimo River watershed and the economic, social and environmental significance of the River. The Nanaimo River watershed contributes to our community - as the source of clean drinking water to over 86,000 residents, habitat for healthy fish and wildlife populations, refuge for species at risk, land base for local food production, location of some of the most productive forest lands in Canada, outdoor recreational jewel, and home to many local residents. Through the Drinking Water and Watershed Protection Program, the Regional District of Nanaimo is committed to improving our understanding of local water resources and working with land use planners and communities to enhance awareness of our local water resources in order to protect drinking water and watershed health. The RDN commends the Nanaimo and Area Land Trust for developing the Nanaimo River Baseline Report and sharing an understanding of, and promoting a desire to protect, the Nanaimo River watershed. The Baseline Report is accessible to the community and provides a wealth of information in a form that is interesting, informative, and understandable to both non-technical and technical readers. A unique collection of expert contributions highlights the diverse array of values of the river and surrounding watershed. Never before has such a wide range of information from local experts on the Nanaimo River been brought, into a single, accessible document for the community. I encourage you to read this Report and consider the many values of the Nanaimo River watershed. We all live in a watershed, and we all have a role to play in protecting watershed health. vi Table of Contents ABOUT THE AUTHORS .............................................................................................................................. 2 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 6 SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER ............................................................................................................. 8 OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................................. 9 STAKEHOLDERS ...................................................................................................................................... 16 TRENDS ...................................................................................................................................................... 19 RISKS AND IMPACTS .............................................................................................................................. 21 OPPORTUNITIES ...................................................................................................................................... 23 INFORMATION GAPS .............................................................................................................................. 24 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ........................................................................................................................... 24 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................ 25 WATER BUDGET PROJECT ..................................................................................................................... 26 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... 27 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 28 STUDY OBJECTIVES AND GOALS ....................................................................................................... 28 METHODOLGY AND APPROACH TO WATER BUDGET SURVEY .................................................. 30 DATA COMPILATION ............................................................................................................................ 30 CONCEPTUAL WATER BUDGET MODEL DEVELOPMENT ............................................................. 30 SURFACE WATER ASSESMENT AND WATER BUDGETS .................................................................. 34 GROUND WATER ASSESMENT AND AQUIFER WATER BUDGETS ................................................. 39 WATER REGION #6 – NANAIMO RIVER .............................................................................................. 45 CLOSURE ................................................................................................................................................... 65 THE ESTUARY ............................................................................................................................................ 70 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................ 72 STAKEHOLDERS ...................................................................................................................................... 75 RISKS AND IMPACTS .............................................................................................................................. 76 OPPORTUNITIES ...................................................................................................................................... 76 INFORMATION GAPS .............................................................................................................................. 78 vii REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................ 80 FISH ................................................................................................................................................................ 82 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................ 84 STAKEHOLDERS ...................................................................................................................................... 89 RISKS AND IMPACTS .............................................................................................................................. 91 OPPORTUNITIES ...................................................................................................................................... 95 INFORMATION GAPS .............................................................................................................................. 99 REFERENCES .........................................................................................................................................
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