DOCSLIB.ORG

Kanienkehaka (Mohawk) Nation, State Policies, and Community Resistance : a Pedagogical Tool

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Kanienkehaka (Mohawk) Nation, State Policies, and Community Resistance : a Pedagogical Tool University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 1-1-1992 Kanienkehaka (Mohawk) nation, state policies, and community resistance : a pedagogical tool. Donna K. Goodleaf University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1 Recommended Citation Goodleaf, Donna K., "Kanienkehaka (Mohawk) nation, state policies, and community resistance : a pedagogical tool." (1992). Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014. 5079. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1/5079 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. KANIENKEHAKA (MOHAWK) NATION, STATE POLICIES, AND COMMUNITY RESISTANCE: A PEDAGOGICAL TOOL A Dissertation Presented by DONNA K. GOODLEAF Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF EDUCATION May 1992 School of Education KANIENKEHAKA (MOHAWK) NATION, STATE POLICIES, AND COMMUNITY RESISTANCE: A PEDAGOGICAL TOOL A Dissertation Presented by DONNA K. GOODLEAF Approved as to style and content by: Copyright by Donna Kahenrakwas Goodleaf 1992 All Rights Reserved ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The task of writing this dissertation could not have been accomplished without the love, support, commitment, encouragement, and inspiration of many people, only some of whom I have the opportunity to mention here. Dr. Meyer Weinberg, a world renown expert and scholar in the field of minority relations in education and racism, has provided me with tremendous encouragement and insight in writing this dissertation. Throughout my doctoral program, Meyer has devoted an enormous amount of rigorous time and effort in criticizing and challenging me in a very supportive way that strengthened and inspired me to make happen the reality of obtaining a doctoral degree come true for me. For this, I extend my deepest and sincerest gratitude to Meyer for his unconditional support and commitment of sharing his knowledge and teaching me. I wish to extend my sincere thanks and gratitude to my other committee members: Dr. Sonia Nieto and Dr. John Bracey, for their most invaluable time and effort in contributing ideas and recommendations in the completion of this dissertation. To my mother, father, sisters, brothers, and family relatives, I wish to thank you with all my heart for your unconditional love, emotional support, understanding, laughter and warmth. Your words of encouragement have sustained and strengthened me which helped alleviate the aches and pains that accompanied this journey of iv accomplishing the task of writing a dissertation. Nia'wen kowa. I wish to acknowledge and offer my deepest gratitude to my friends at school, home and across the country for their constant encouragement and support in rallying me to the final end. As a scholar, colleague, Indigenous sister, and personal friend, Silaine, thank you for your "left field" sense of humour, warmth, encouragement, and inspiration to continue on to the better end. Nia'wen kowa for being there when I desperately needed a friend to talk with and a shoulder to lean and cry on when 1 felt like the world was crumbling down on me. Nia'wen kowa. I wish to dedicate this dissertation to my nieces, nephews, my people, and to my ancestors, who have given me the spiritual strength, guidance, and hope to carry on the responsibilities of working towards a vision of liberation that seeks, to bring universal justice and peace in this world for today's children and the next seven generations yet unborn. Nia'wen kowa. Finally, I wish to also dedicate this dissertation to all my sisters and brothers from other Indigenous nations across the Turtle Island who have also risked their lives by coming to Kanienkehaka territory to stand side by side with my people to carry out our duties and responsibilities of protecting and defending our land, children, and nation once again against colonial forces. Nia'wen. v ABSTRACT KANIENKEHAKA (MOHAWK) NATION, STATE POLICIES, AND COMMUNITY RESISTANCE: A PEDAGOGICAL TOOL MAY 1992 DONNA KAHENRAKWAS GOODLEAF, B.A., TRENT UNIVERSITY M.A., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS Ed.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS Directed by: Professor Meyer Weinberg Historically, throughout the world, Indigenous nations have been subject to colonial policies and practices which deliberately seek to obliterate the way of life of Indigenous societies. The Kanienkehaka nation is but one of the thousands of such nations struggling to survive and resist against state invasions within traditional national territories. This study examines the current conflict-relationship between the Kanienkehaka nation and the State (U.S./Canada) from a historical/cultural/political framework. The Oka crisis of July 11, 1990 will serve as a case study. This study also constructs pedagogy that examines both U.S./Canadian governmental policies towards Indigenous nations, specifically the Kanienkehaka nation. This curriculum is designed to assist teachers place each chapter in an educational context by specifying central themes that revolve around the historical/contemporary relationship existing between the Kanienkehaka nation and the State. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . iv ABSTRACT. vi GLOSSARY.viii Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION . 1 2 . LITERATURE REVIEW. 19 3. THE SETTING. 47 4. EMBATTLED MOHAWKS: PRELIMINARY SKIRMISHES . 66 5. KANEHSATAKE (OKA) CRISIS - JULY 11, 1990 . 103 6. GOVERNMENT'S RESPONSES TO OKA CRISIS . 137 7. RESISTANCES AND RESPONSES: LIFE BEHIND THE BARRICADES. 177 8. "THE WHOLE WORLD IS WATCHING". 2 07 9. CONCLUSION. 233 APPENDICES A. CURRICULUM. 254 B. MAPS. 297 C. DOCUMENTS. 302 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 359 vn• • GLOSSARY Ganienkeh - Land of the flint Guswantah - Two Row Wampum Belt Agreement symbolizing the social and political relationship based on co-existence of respect, peace, and non-interference between two sovereign nations. Haudenosaunee or Hotinonsione - People who build; or, people of the Longhouse Kahnawake - By the rapids Kahnawakeronon - People of Kahnawake Kaianerekowa - The Great Law of Peace Kanehsatake or Kanesatake - Place of the crusty sand Kanienkehaka - People of the flint Oyaner (clanmother) - Good path Rotiskenrahkete - Those who carry the burden and responsibility of protecting the origins; or, who carry the burden of peace and justice Rotiyaner (chief) - He makes good path vm CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Global Context Historically, throughout the world, Indigenous nations have been subject to colonial policies and practices which deliberately seek to obliterate the way of life of Indigenous societies. The Kanienkehaka (a.k.a. Mohawk) nation is but one of the thousands of such nations struggling to survive and resist against state invasions within traditional national territories. As a part of reclaiming the Indigenous language that shapes the worldview of Kanienkehaka people, the term Kanienkehaka will be used throughout this dissertation as opposed to the European word Mohawk. There are exceptions, particularly in identifying the administrative office of the Longhouse which is the Kanienkehaka Mohawk nation office in Kahnawake. Let us first review information that is critical to understanding the issues affecting Indigenous peoples worldwide. Although there is no universal definition of Indigenous peoples, the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous populations has accepted the definition developed by the Special Rapporteur in 1982 which defines Indigenous peoples as follows: Indigenous communities, peoples, and nations are those which having a historical continuity with pre-invasion and pre-colonial societies that developed on their territories, consider 1 2 themselves distinct from other sectors of the societies now prevailing in those territories, or parts of them. They form at present non¬ dominant sectors of society and are determined to preserve, develop and transmit to future generations their ancestral territories, and their ethnic identity, as the basis of their continued existence as peoples, in accordance with their own cultural patterns, social institutions and legal systems (Aga Khan, bin Talal, 1987: 8). In addition, Indigenous peoples also share a worldview that is considered to be a sacred and spiritual relationship to the land and waters known as Mother Earth. In turn, this sacred worldview of reverence and respect for the land and all life's creation is manifested in traditional songs and ceremonies. In most Indigenous societies, it is believed that as caretakers of the land, Indigenous peoples have been assigned sacred duties and responsibilities by the Great Spirit to ensure that the land and all life's creations are preserved and remain intact in order to maintain the existence and continuous survival of Indigenous nations as distinct peoples within the world community. Thus, in the Haudenosaunee Confederacy's message to the western world: The Haudenosaunee, or the Six Nations Iroquois Confederacy, has existed on this land since the beginning of human memory. Our culture is among the most ancient continuously existing cultures in the world. We still remember the earliest doings of human beings. We remember the original instructions of the Creators of Life on this place we call Etenoha - Mother Earth.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Montreal, Quebec May 31, 1976 Volume 62
    MACKENZIE VALLEY PIPELINE INQUIRY IN THE MATTER OF THE APPLICATIONS BY EACH OF (a) CANADIAN ARCTIC GAS PIPELINE LIMITED FOR A RIGHT-OF-WAY THAT MIGHT BE GRANTED ACROSS CROWN LANDS WITHIN THE YUKON TERRITORY AND THE NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, and (b) FOOTHILLS PIPE LINES LTD. FOR A RIGHT-OF-WAY THAT MIGHT BE GRANTED ACROSS CROWN LANDS WITHIN THE NORTHWEST TERRITORIES FOR THE PURPOSE OF A PROPOSED MACKENZIE VALLEY PIPELINE and IN THE MATTER OF THE SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT REGIONALLY OF THE CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION AND SUBSEQUENT ABANDONMENT OF THE ABOVE PROPOSED PIPELINE (Before the Honourable Mr. Justice Berger, Commissioner) Montreal, Quebec May 31, 1976 PROCEEDINGS AT COMMUNITY HEARING Volume 62 The 2003 electronic version prepared from the original transcripts by Allwest Reporting Ltd. Vancouver, B.C. V6B 3A7 Canada Ph: 604-683-4774 Fax: 604-683-9378 www.allwestbc.com APPEARANCES Mr. Ian G. Scott, Q.C. Mr. Ian Waddell, and Mr. Ian Roland for Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry Mr. Pierre Genest, Q.C. and Mr. Darryl Carter, for Canadian Arctic Gas Pipeline Lim- ited; Mr. Alan Hollingworth and Mr. John W. Lutes for Foothills Pipe- lines Ltd.; Mr. Russell Anthony and pro. Alastair Lucas for Canadian Arctic Resources Committee Mr. Glen Bell, for Northwest Territo- ries Indian Brotherhood, and Metis Association of the Northwest Territories. INDEX Page WITNESSES: Guy POIRIER 6883 John CIACCIA 6889 Pierre MORIN 6907 Chief Andrew DELISLE 6911 Jean-Paul PERRAS 6920 Rick PONTING 6931 John FRANKLIN 6947 EXHIBITS: C-509 Province of Quebec Chamber of Commerce - G. Poirier 6888 C-510 Submission by J.
    [Show full text]
  • The James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement (JBNQA) Electronic Version Obtained from Table of Contents
    The James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement (JBNQA) Electronic Version obtained from http://www.gcc.ca/ Table of Contents Section Page Map of Territory..........................................................................................................................1 Philosophy of the Agreement...................................................................................................2 Section 1 : Definitions................................................................................................................13 Section 2 : Principal Provisions................................................................................................16 Section 3 : Eligibility ..................................................................................................................22 Section 4 : Preliminary Territorial Description.....................................................................40 Section 5 : Land Regime.............................................................................................................55 Section 6 : Land Selection - Inuit of Quebec,.........................................................................69 Section 7 : Land Regime Applicable to the Inuit..................................................................73 Section 8 : Technical Aspects....................................................................................................86 Section 9 : Local Government over Category IA Lands.......................................................121 Section 10 : Cree
    [Show full text]
  • Becoming Latin American Canadian
    In-Between Cultures: Becoming Latin American Canadian by Josue Tario A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Social Justice Education Ontario Institute for Studies in Education University of Toronto © Copyright by Josue Tario, 2017 In-Between Cultures: Becoming Latin American Canadian Josue Tario Master of Arts Social Justice Education Ontario Institute for Studies in Education University of Toronto 2017 Abstract Rooted in my own experiences and extending to phenomenological interviews with seven Latin American Canadian youth between the ages of 18 and 29 in the Greater Toronto Area, this thesis examines how the dominant educational and cultural narratives shape the heterogeneous ways in which they perceive themselves and others. Findings show that such narratives engender a sense of in-betweenness among Latin American Canadian youth that both inhibit and empower them in pursuing self-fulfillment. This study juxtaposes these findings to feminist pedagogies of “third space” and “critical spirituality” which have the ability to enhance the educational experiences of not just Latin American Canadian students but all participants in education. The overarching objective of this thesis, however, transcends the case study and explores the intersections between discourse, identity formation and agency, proposing critical spirituality as a practice enabling agency and as a transformational “punctum” that embraces the process of becoming over being. ii Acknowledgments I would like to sincerely thank my thesis supervisor, Dr. Miglena Todorova. Her patience and instruction were imperative for this project to be completed. Along with her theoretical insight and pedagogical awareness, the emotional and spiritual support she provided throughout the entire process was immensely pivotal for me to keep going.
    [Show full text]
  • Yesterday's Gone
    Yesterday’s Gone: Exploring possible futures of Canada’s labour market in a post-COVID world February 2021 February YESTERDAY’S GONE 1 Table of Contents 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 State of Canada’s Labour Market in 2020 4 Future Trends 5 Conclusion YESTERDAY’S GONE 2 Introduction YESTERDAY’S GONE 3 Introduction We’re living in uncertain and strange times, making it especially Yesterday’s Gone is part of a broader initiative, Employment in 2030: challenging to plan for the next year, never mind the next decade. Action Labs, which seeks to support the design of policies and And yet it is critical in our current economic climate that we under- programs to help workers gain the skills and abilities they need to be stand the breadth of potential changes ahead, to better prepare resilient in the next decade. This project explores how COVID-19 workers for the future of Canada’s labour market. Yesterday’s Gone might impact the trends, foundational skills, and abilities that were outlines 8 megatrends and 34 related meso trends that have the identified in the Forecast of Canadian Occupational Growth (FCOG), potential to impact employment in Canada by 2030. The goal of this launched by the Brookfield Institute for Innovation + Entrepreneurship research is to explore these technological, social, economic, (BII+E) in May 2020. Fundamentally, this project seeks to translate environmental, and political changes, including those influenced by future-looking labour market information, including from the FCOG COVID-19, to inform the design of skill demand programs and policy and this report, into action by co-creating novel, regionally relevant responses.
    [Show full text]
  • CANADA PROVINCE of QUEBEC District of Terrebonne No: 700-17
    CANADA SUPERIOR COURT PROVINCE OF QUEBEC District of Terrebonne No: 700-17-017482-216 THE MOHAWKS OF KANESATAKE, a community of the Kanien’kehà:ka nation and a band within the meaning of the Indian Act, RSC 1985, c I-5, having an establishment at 681 Rue Ste Philomène, Kanesatake Mohawk Territory, District of Terrebonne, Province of Quebec (J0N 1E0) Applicant v. THE MUNICIPALITY OF OKA, a municipality within the meaning of the Municipal Code, CQLR C-27.1, having a principal establishment at 183, Rue des Anges, Oka, District of Terrebonne, Province of Quebec (J0N 1E0) - and - THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF QUEBEC, on behalf of the Government of Quebec, maintaining an establishment at 1, Notre-Dame Street East, suite 4.100, Montreal, District of Montreal, Province of Quebec (H2Y 1B6) Respondents - and - THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA, on behalf of Her Majesty in Right of Canada, maintaining an establishment at Complexe Guy-Favreau, East Tower, 200, René-Lévesque Blvd. West, 5th Floor, Montreal, District of Montreal, Province of Quebec (H2Z 1X4) - and - GREGOIRE GOLLIN, a natural person domiciled and resident at 495 Brassard, St-Joseph-du-Lac, District of Terrebonne, Province of Quebec (J0N 1M0) Mis-en-cause APPLICATION FOR JUDICIAL REVIEW AND FOR DECLARATORY AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF (Arts. 689 et seq. of the Municipal Code of Quebec and arts. 25, 49, 142, 509 et seq. and 529 et seq. of the Code of Civil Procedure) TO ONE OF THE HONOURABLE JUDGES OF THE SUPERIOR COURT, SITTING IN AND FOR THE DISTRICT OF TERREBONNE, THE APPLICANT SUBMITS AS FOLLOWS: Overview 1.
    [Show full text]
  • A Cultural Competence Guide for Primary Health Care Professionals in Nova Scotia
    A Cultural Competence Guide for Primary Health Care Professionals in Nova Scotia “Adding wings to caterpillars does not create butterflies--it creates awkward and dysfunctional caterpillars. Butterflies are created through transformation...” Stephanie Marshal 2005 PROMOTING CULTURAL COMPETENCE IN PRMARY HEALTH CARE A Cultural Competence Guide for Primary Health Care Professionals in Nova Scotia Table of Contents Preface Section I General Information • Cultural Competence • Key Concepts • 8 Elements of Cultural Competence • Diverse Communities in Nova Scotia Section II Tools for Primary Health Care Providers • Providing Health Care in a Multicultural Society • Patient and Client Encounter Questions • LIAASE: A General Cultural Competence Tool • Health Professional Self-Assessment Tool Section III Tools for Management and Administrative Staff in Primary Health Care Settings • An Organizational Change Strategy • Organizational Assessment Tool • LIAASE: A General Cultural Competence Tool • Health Professional Self-Assessment Tool Section IV Tools for Front-Line Staff in Primary Health Care Settings • Addressing Conflict • LIAASE: A General Cultural Competence Tool • Health Professional Self-Assessment Tool Section V Additional Resources • Community and Organizational Contact Information • Online Resources • Definition of Terms Appendix A – Diverse Communities of Nova Scotia - Graphs Appendix B – Diversity and Social Inclusion in Primary Health Care Initiative Appendix C – “Bridging the Gap: Bringing Together Culture and Health Care” Appendix D – Culture Competence and the Primary Care Provider by Ardys McNaughton Dunn References PROMOTING CULTURAL COMPETENCE IN PRMARY HEALTH CARE Acknowledgements The information in this guide was collated from a variety of sources. Information about Nova Scotia’s diverse communities, and the barriers diverse communities face in accessing primary health care services, was gathered through a series of consultative workshops held by the Department of Health and each District Health Authority in Nova Scotia.
    [Show full text]
  • War on the Air: CBC-TV and Canada's Military, 1952-1992 by Mallory
    War on the Air: CBC-TV and Canada’s Military, 19521992 by Mallory Schwartz Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctorate in Philosophy degree in History Department of History Faculty of Arts University of Ottawa © Mallory Schwartz, Ottawa, Canada, 2014 ii Abstract War on the Air: CBC-TV and Canada‘s Military, 19521992 Author: Mallory Schwartz Supervisor: Jeffrey A. Keshen From the earliest days of English-language Canadian Broadcasting Corporation television (CBC-TV), the military has been regularly featured on the news, public affairs, documentary, and drama programs. Little has been done to study these programs, despite calls for more research and many decades of work on the methods for the historical analysis of television. In addressing this gap, this thesis explores: how media representations of the military on CBC-TV (commemorative, history, public affairs and news programs) changed over time; what accounted for those changes; what they revealed about CBC-TV; and what they suggested about the way the military and its relationship with CBC-TV evolved. Through a material culture analysis of 245 programs/series about the Canadian military, veterans and defence issues that aired on CBC-TV over a 40-year period, beginning with its establishment in 1952, this thesis argues that the conditions surrounding each production were affected by a variety of factors, namely: (1) technology; (2) foreign broadcasters; (3) foreign sources of news; (4) the influence
    [Show full text]
  • 700-17-017482-216 the MOHAWKS of KANESATAKE, a Co
    CANADA S U P E R I O R C O U R T PROVINCE OF QUEBEC District of Terrebonne No: 700-17-017482-216 THE MOHAWKS OF KANESATAKE, a community of the Kanien'kehà:ka nation and a band within the meaning of the lndian Act, RSC 1985, c 1-5, having an establ ishment at 681 Rue Ste Philomène, Kanesatake Mohawk Territory, District of Terrebonne, Province of Quebec (JON l EO) Applicant LES MOHAWKS DE KANESATAKE, une communauté de la nation Kanien'kehà:ka et d'une bande au sens de la Loi indienne, LRC 1985, c 1-5, ayant un établissement au 681 rue Ste Philomène, territoire mohawk de Kanesatake, district de Terrebonne, province de Québec (JON 1E0) Demandeur V. THE MUNICIPALITY OF OKA a municipality within the meaning of the Municipal Code, CQLR C-27.l, having a principal establishment at 183, Rue des Anges, Oka, District of Terrebonne, Province of Quebec (JON lEO) - and – LA MUNICIPALITÉ D'OKA, une municipalité au sens du Code municipal, RLRQ C-27.l, ayant un établissement principal au 183, Rue des Anges, Oka, District de Terrebonne, Province de Québec (JON lEO) - et - THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF QUEBEC, on behalf of the Government of Quebec, maintaining an establishment at 1, Notre-Dame Street East, suite 4.100, Montreal, District of Montreal, Province of Quebec (H2Y 1B6) Respondents - and - LE PROCUREUR GÉNÉRAL DU QUÉBEC, le au nom du gouvernement du Québec, maintenant un établissement au 1, rue Notre-Dame Est, bureau 4.100, Montréal, District de Montréal, Province de Québec (H2Y 1B6) - et - THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA, on behalf of Her Majesty in Right of Canada, maintaining an establishment at Complexe Guy-Favreau, East Tower, 200, René-Lévesque Blvd.
    [Show full text]
  • Bernard Bujold Pierre Péladeau Cet Inconnu
    Bernard Bujold Pierre Péladeau cet inconnu À mes deux enfants, David et Stéphanie. Merci à Carole pour sa généreuse collaboration à cet ouvrage, ainsi qu’à Heljon de Rueire pour son inspiration. Les liens du sang sont toujours les plus forts... Mario Puzo , Le Parrain. Les meilleurs alliés de l’homme sont la femme et le cheval... Napoléon Bonaparte. Introduction Il y a cinq ans, en décembre 1997, Pierre Péladeau, certainement l’un des personnages les plus controversés du milieu des affaires au Canada, s’éteignait, laissant en héritage à ses sept enfants, nés de trois unions différentes, l’un des plus riches et plus puissants empires de l’édition et de l’imprimerie en Amérique du Nord. Je suis arrivé dans la vie de Pierre Péladeau en 1991 alors que l’empire Quebecor était en pleine croissance et qu’il avait le vent dans les voiles. Le chiffre d’affaires atteignait alors plus de deux milliards de dollars. Douze ans plus tard, au début de 2003, il est de plus de 12 milliards de dollars. J’ai vécu avec Pierre Péladeau plusieurs événements uniques, captivants et parfois historiques. Ma principale responsabilité était de m’assurer que l’image publique du magnat de la presse soit à la hauteur du personnage. Je crois avoir connu Péladeau sous plusieurs aspects de sa personnalité qui n’étaient pas toujours visibles à première vue. J’étais avant tout adjoint exécutif, mais je suis devenu peu à peu l’ami et le confident du président fonda- teur de Quebecor. Aujourd’hui, cinq ans après sa mort, je réalise que j’ai vécu aux côtés de Pierre Péladeau une période très riche en événements dans sa vie et nécessairement dans l’histoire de Quebecor.
    [Show full text]
  • Citizenship Revocation in the Mainstream Press: a Case of Re-Ethni- Cization?
    CITIZENSHIP REVOCATION IN THE MAINSTREAM PRESS: A CASE OF RE-ETHNI- CIZATION? ELKE WINTER IVANA PREVISIC Abstract. Under the original version of the Strengthening Canadian Citizenship Act (2014), dual citizens having committed high treason, terrorism or espionage could lose their Canadian citizenship. In this paper, we examine how the measure was dis- cussed in Canada’s mainstream newspapers. We ask: who/what is seen as the target of citizenship revocation? What does this tell us about the direction that Canadian citizenship is moving towards? Our findings show that Canadian newspapers were more often critical than supportive of the citizenship revocation provision. However, the press ignored the involvement of non-Muslim, white, Western-origin Canadians in terrorist acts and interpreted the measure as one that was mostly affecting Canadian Muslims. Thus, despite advocating for equal citizenship in principle, in their writing and reporting practice, Canadian newspapers constructed Canadian Muslims as sus- picious and less Canadian nonetheless. Keywords: Muslim Canadians; Citizenship; Terrorism; Canada; Revocation Résumé: Au sein de la version originale de la Loi renforçant la citoyenneté cana- dienne (2014), les citoyens canadiens ayant une double citoyenneté et ayant été condamnés pour haute trahison, pour terrorisme ou pour espionnage, auraient pu se faire révoquer leur citoyenneté canadienne. Dans cet article, nous étudions comment ce projet de loi fut discuté au sein de la presse canadienne. Nous cherchons à répondre à deux questions: Qui/quoi est perçu comme pouvant faire l’objet d’une révocation de citoyenneté? En quoi cela nous informe-t-il sur les orientations futures de la citoy- enneté canadienne? Nos résultats démontrent que les journaux canadiens sont plus critiques à l’égard de la révocation de la citoyenneté que positionnés en sa faveur.
    [Show full text]
  • Parc-Extension : 100 Ans D’Histoire
    PARC-EXTENSION : 100 ANS D’HISTOIRE Bilan et chronologie historique Eveline Favretti Avec la collaboration de Jean-François Leclerc Centre d’histoire de Montréal Février 2011 0 1 Équipe de projet Supervision : Jean-François Leclerc Recherche en archives et recherche documentaire : Eveline Favretti Consultation des témoignages : Jean-François Leclerc Rédaction : Eveline Favretti Avec la collaboration de Jean-François Leclerc Ce projet a été réalisé grâce à l’appui financier de la Ville de Montréal par son soutien aux activités du Centre d’histoire de Montréal et de l’arrondissement Villeray-Saint- Michel-Parc-Extension. 2 3 TABLE DES MATIÈRES 1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................10 2 LA RECHERCHE.......................................................................................................................12 2.1 Sources et méthodologie de recherche........................................................................12 2.2 Difficultés de la recherche ............................................................................................16 2.3 Description des dossiers documentaires ......................................................................17 3 LE QUARTIER AUJOURD’HUI ..................................................................................................18 4 UN TERRITOIRE AUX ORIGINES RURALES ..............................................................................25 4.1 17e siècle : Un territoire inhabité..................................................................................25
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Young Black/ African Canadian Women's Practices
    Exploring Young Black/ African Canadian Women’s Practices of Engagement and Resistance: Towards an Anticolonial Solidarity Building by Thashika Pillay A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in SOCIAL JUSTICE AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN EDUCATION Department of Educational Policy Studies University of Alberta © Thashika Pillay, 2018 ii Abstract The experiences of young women of Black/ African descent living in Edmonton/ Amiskwaciwaskahikan – in what is currently Canada – are mediated by relations and structures of power as constructed through settler colonialism, patriarchy, capitalism, imperialism, and neoliberalism. These political, economic, social, and cultural structures and systems organize the world and influence young women’s responses, both as individuals and as collectives. Young women of African descent are also influenced by African Indigenous Knowledge Systems (AIKS), a philosophy rooted in a relational worldview and culture in which knowledge is collectively and community oriented. A critical analysis of these interlocking structures and worldviews is integral to understanding the process through which the emergence and formation of subjects and selves as well as the collective occurs. This study is positioned within an Indigenous hermeneutics and draws on the work of Manulani Aluli Meyer as well as Desmond Tutu’s conceptualization of Ubuntu. Using a critical qualitative research design that included focus group and semi-structured interviews with nine young women
    [Show full text]