City of Bowie Environmental Infrastructure Action Strategy Plan Staff Findings and Recommendations by Sub-Watershed

Appendix C

City of Bowie Environmental Infrastructure Action Strategy Plan Staff Findings and Recommendations By Sub-watershed

Appendix C

I. Background

There are twelve (12) sub-watersheds in the City limits. Four (4) of them (the Upper, Middle, and Lower Collington Branch and the Black Branch) are in the Western Branch watershed and eight (8) of them (Horsepen Branch, Saddlebrook Branch, Overbrook Branch, Millstream Branch, White Marsh Branch, MSTC Branch, Green Branch and Mill Branch) are in the Upper Patuxent watershed. In 2003, Watershed Restoration Action Strategy (WRAS) Plans were completed for both the Western Branch and the Middle Patuxent Watersheds. These WRAS plans were a follow-up to the 1998 Clean Water Action Plan (CWAP), in which both the Western Branch and Middle Patuxent watersheds were designated as being in need of restoration and protection. Each WRAS consists of four (4) components: a nutrient and biological synoptic survey, a visual stream corridor assessment (SCA) survey, a watershed characterization, and a final action strategy report. The WRAS inventory was compiled using SCA Survey Protocol developed by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources (MDNR).1

Utilizing the general descriptions of WRAS challenges found below, city staff created the attached forms for each of the twelve (12) sub-watersheds in Bowie. Each form has two maps showing the location of the sub-watershed in the City and the location of all of the challenges in the sub-watershed by site identification number. Consultants from Environmental Resource Management (ERM), prioritized the top challenges by sub-watershed based on the identified major pollutant in each subwatershed (see Appendix A, Table 1A).

II. Challenges

The following eight (8) Environmental Challenges were documented in the WRAS: • Inadequate Buffers • Pipe Outfalls • Erosion • Channel Alteration • Exposed Pipes • Trash Dumping • Fish Barriers • Unusual Condition or Comment

1 http://www.dnr.state.md.us/watersheds/surf/proj/wras.html

ii Appendix C

Below is a definition of each of the challenges with some recommended actions that can be taken to correct the problem. Most of the information can be found in the WRAS Stream Corridor Assessment Survey Protocols.2

Inadequate Buffers: Forest buffers help shade the stream preventing excessive solar heating, which reduces its oxygen holding capacity and raises water temperatures above the tolerance limits of some fish species. The buffers remove nutrients, sediment, and other pollutants from stormwater runoff, which reduces nutrient loadings to the Chesapeake Bay. The leaves of the trees are a major component of the stream’s food web and the tree roots stabilize the stream bank, preventing erosion. MDNR purposely looked for areas with inadequate buffers during the stream survey to determine where additional forest buffers could be created to reach their goal of creating 1,200 miles of stream buffers by the year 2010. While there is no single minimum standard, buffers are considered inadequate if they are less than 50 feet wide from the edge of the stream. Corrrectability: Open areas without trees exist because they are maintained that way. If left alone, the trees will grow and a forest will eventually develop. Recommendations: Develop a ‘no mow’ policy for public lands adjacent to streams. Develop a program to educate the public of the benefits of not mowing near streams and allowing the forest buffer to increase in size. Fence the area and erect signage to alert the public and maintenance staff to the purpose of letting a forest develop.

Pipe Outfalls: Pipe outfalls are any pipes or manmade channels that discharge directly into the stream. They are considered a potential environmental problem when they carry uncontrolled runoff. This runoff originates from yards, parking lots, and streets and often contains pollutants such as oil, heavy metals, and nutrients. It can have a dry-weather discharge that has a color or smell indicative of specific pollutants whose source may be traceable. Uncontrolled runoff is referred to as non-point source pollution when the water does not derive from a single, identifiable location such as a factory or wastewater treatment plant. Corrrectability: Dry-weather discharges from storm drain systems, sewage or industrial sites are expensive to correct because they usually involve major engineering requiring significant funding. Recommendations: Add rock below the outfall to soften the flow of the water and reduce sediment pollution in the stream. Reduce the amount of stormwater entering the stream by creating rain gardens and bio-retention areas on sites with large quantities of stormwater runoff. This will prevent some stormwater from entering the stream by retaining it on site. Also, pipe outfalls can be rerouted to drain through the forest buffer before entering the stream. This will slow down the flow of water and allow for some of the water to enter the ground and be filtered of pollutants before reaching the stream. A more expensive solution is to

2 http://www.dnr.state.md.us/streams/pubs/SurveyProtocols2.pdf

iii Appendix C

build stormwater management ponds adjacent to the streams to collect and store the water from pipe outfalls during rain events allowing the water to more slowly enter the streambed over a longer period of time.

Erosion: While erosion is a natural process and a certain amount of erosion is to be expected, too much erosion can destabilize the stream bank, destroying in-stream habitat and causing additional sediment to flow downstream. As an area becomes more urbanized and the amount of impervious surface area increases, the amount of stormwater runoff increases and the additional quantity of water can erode the streambed and banks while the stream expands in size to accommodate the additional water. This results in additional sediment pollution downstream. One of the main goals of the Chesapeake Bay program is to reduce sediment inputs to the Bay. Corrrectability: Can be difficult and expensive to correct. Recommendations: Plant additional vegetation on the stream bank to slow the flow of the water and reduce sediment pollution in the stream. Reduce the amount of stormwater entering the stream by creating rain gardens on sites with large quantities of stormwater runoff. This will prevent some stormwater from entering the stream by retaining it on site. Also, pipe outfalls can be rerouted to drain through the forest buffer before entering the stream. This will slow down the flow of water and allow for some of the water to enter the ground before reaching the stream. A more expensive solution is to build stormwater management ponds adjacent to the streams to collect and store the water from pipe outfalls during rain events allowing the water to more slowly enter the streambed over a longer period of time.

Channel Alteration: Channelization refers to the practice of straightening and/or widening a stream to improve the hydraulic capacity of the stream to quickly move larger amounts of floodwaters through an area. While channelization can be effective at reducing flooding or lowering the ground water table in an area, it can also have a variety of negative environmental impacts. Channelized streams can be barriers to fish migrations and often have poor habitat for aquatic organisms, particularly if the channel has been straightened by constructing a smooth, concrete channel. Corrrectability: Usually difficult and expensive to correct. Recommendations: Could be quickly altered using a backhoe if there is room for this type of restoration work. Otherwise sinuosity can be recreated in the stream by adding sediment depositions to the stream bottom at random intervals.

Exposed Pipes: In urban areas, it is common for pipelines to be located in stream corridors where the land elevation is at its lowest point. Gravity sewer lines, in particular, depend on the continuous downward slope of the pipeline to carry sewage to a pumping station or

iv Appendix C

wastewater treatment plant. Exposed pipes are pipes that were once buried and are now vulnerable to damage during a flood or high water event because they can be seen along the stream bank. Debris from a storm can puncture an exposed pipe, which will result in fluids leaking from the pipe. This can cause serious water quality problems if the fluids are unsanitary or toxic. Exposed pipes can also cause fish blockages depending on their location in the stream. Corrrectability: Usually very expensive to correct because it often requires the use of heavy equipment.

Recommendations: Cover the pipe with stone or reinforce the area around the pipe with concrete to prevent the pipe from being punctured. Also, attempt to divert the stream away from the pipe to prevent further erosion and exposure. The stream bank near the pipe should be stabilized to prevent further erosion.

Trash Dumping: Can be sites where trash has been dumped from a vehicle or where trash accumulates in the stream due to a blockage. Trash can interfere with the establishment of emergent aquatic plants and can be hazardous to wildlife through entanglement in or ingestion of floating debris. When certain types of debris leach toxics, such as oil from used oil quart containers, trash can have negative chemical and biological impacts. Corrrectability: Trash dumping usually occurs where there is good vehicle access to a stream and can be successfully corrected by restricting access. Recommendations: While removing trash from upstream locations has a more minor effect on overall water quality downstream, stream clean-ups are good community activities that foster awareness. Trash removal in a given stream is an opportunity for the community to learn more about current water quality and the effect stormwater runoff has on local stream conditions.

Fish Barriers: Fish migration barriers are anything in a stream that prevents fish from moving upstream. With a fish blockage present, there is no way for fish to repopulate a segment of the stream that has become isolated from its downstream counterpart. This reduces the diversity of the fish community resulting in a biological community that is often out of balance. Corrrectability: Some blockages are temporary such as beaver dams, which have a limited life span and can be removed with volunteer labor in a short period of time. Others can be expensive to correct, particularly at road crossings where substantial engineering is required. Recommendations: Unless the water quality of a given stream is good enough to support fish habitat, it is impractical to correct most fish barriers on first and second order smaller tributaries. This is particularly true when there are fish blockages further downstream in third order streams and rivers that will prevent fish from freely migrating upstream.

v Appendix C

Unusual Condition or Comment: Anything out of the ordinary that is not covered by the above conditions. Can include descriptions of an unusual odor, scum, excessive algae, water color/clarity, red flock, or oil on the surface of the water. Corrrectability: Depends on the condition cited. Usually documented in the notes for the site. Recommendations: Same as above.

III. Recommendations

The major source of pollution in almost all of the sub-watersheds is non-point, meaning there is no single source, such as a factory or wastewater treatment plant, from which the pollution can be derived. Each of the following forms lists the WRAS rating of the sub-watershed. Approximately half of the sub-watersheds were found to be in fair condition and half of them were in poor condition. None of them are in good to excellent condition, which would mean they are habitable for sensitive fish populations.

The form also lists the major findings and recommendations made by the consultant based on an analysis of the WRAS information. There is a list of top WRAS projects for each sub-watershed with accompanying photographs and the identification number, which corresponds with the number on the map. Other suggested improvement projects identified by city staff in the forest mitigation sites inventory are found at the end of the form.

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Horsepen Branch

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Inadequate Buffers: 11 # of Pipe Outfalls: 29 # of Erosion Sites: 9 # of Channel Alterations: 9 # of Exposed Pipes: 4 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 6 # of Fish Barriers: 25 # of Unusual Conditions/Comments: 9 TOTAL 102

City of Bowie 1 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Horsepen Branch

Neighborhoods: Old Town Bowie (Huntington), Northridge, Rolling Hills, Bowie Station, Fletchertown, Huntington Crest, Fairview Schools: High Bridge Elementary Parks: Tanglewood Park, Huntington South Park, Veterans Memorial Park, Northridge Community Park, Highbridge Park Trails: WB&A Trail

Major Pollutant: Sediment. Second lowest nitrate and orthophosphate loads of any subwatershed in Bowie. Major Sources of pollution: Non-point. Erosion from construction, storm water runoff carrying lawn chemicals such as excess fertilizer, and pet waste runoff from lawns. Increased amount of runoff causes water to flow at a faster rate, which erodes stream banks and increases sediment in the water. Major Findings: Has the most degraded habitat of all the sub-watersheds. Has high Densities of pipe outfalls. Future percent impervious scores are higher than current percent indicating that LID techniques may help offset the future creation of impervious surface areas. Recommendations: Preservation of land with natural cover should be highest priority. Minimization of new SWM facilities and preservation/expansion of stream buffers will help maintain low nutrient levels. Addressing pipe outfalls would be another high priority. Minimize new outfalls, address problems with existing outfalls, and discourage additional road crossings and SWM facilities near streams. WRAS Priorities: Inadequate Buffers, Pipe Outfalls and Erosion.

City of Bowie 2 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Horsepen Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS UP869301: Inadequate Buffer

Afforest 1500 feet of lawn buffer on right bank. WRAS UP846203: Pipe Outfall

Add rock below the 36” Concrete pipe on right bank. WRAS UP882401: Erosion

Correct 2300 feet of erosion below road crossing. WRAS UP866403: Unusual Condition

Correct excessive erosion below manhole. WRAS UP836206: Channel Alteration

200 feet of riprap above road crossing. WRAS UP885409: Exposed Pipe

Correct exposed manhole with 24” smooth metal 3-foot pipe discharging sewage. WRAS UP888401: Trash Dumping

Have volunteers remove 15 truckloads of yard waste and tires. WRAS UP840102: Fish Barrier

Clear trash from stream.

City of Bowie 3 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Horsepen Branch

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

RAIN GARDENS: at High Bridge Elementary School TURF REMOVAL AREAS: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#3 Parcels A & C on Weed Street and FMSI#6 A-3 and C-1 at Northridge AFFORESTATION: of HOA property at Northridge such as Parcels I & J on Quadrille Lane

City of Bowie 4 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Saddlebrook Branch (Trib 1)

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Pipe Outfalls: 11 # of Fish Barriers: 0 # of Erosion Sites: 5 # of Inadequate Buffers: 0 # of Unusual Conditions: 3 # of Channel Alterations: 0 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 6 # of Exposed Pipes: 2 TOTAL 27

City of Bowie 5 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Saddlebrook Branch

Neighborhoods: Saddlebrook East and West, Rockledge, Old Chapel Estates, Whitehall Schools: Rockledge Elementary, Samuel Ogle Middle School Parks: Rockledge Park Other: Bowie Race Track

Major Pollutant: Sediment. Major Sources of pollution: Non-point. Erosion from construction, storm water runoff carrying lawn chemicals such as excess fertilizer, and pet waste runoff from lawns. Increased amount of runoff causes water to flow at a faster rate, which erodes stream banks and increases sediment in the water. Major Findings: Has large amounts of impervious surface areas that could be redeveloped with LID technology. Recommendations: Stormwater management retrofits, sedimentation and erosion control measures and locating and eliminating illicit discharges should be of the highest priority. Application of LID technology should be a priority. Fish barriers, channel alterations, and inadequate buffers are of a lower priority. WRAS Priorities: Pipe Outfalls, Impervious Surface/LID, and Erosion.

City of Bowie 6 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Saddlebrook Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS UP100301: Pipe Outfall

Add rock below the 48” Concrete pipe at head of stream. Identify source of clear discharge. Site IDSOE2: Impervious Surface

WRAS UP109401: Erosion

Correct 3600 feet of downcutting below road crossing. Correct inadequate lawn buffer on left bank. WRAS UP103301: Unusual Condition

Correct 3600 feet of downcutting below road crossing. Correct inadequate lawn buffer on left bank. WRAS UP104305: Exposed Pipe

Investigate 24”, 5-foot long, smooth metal pipe at bottom of stream. Cover with appropriate material as necessary. WRAS UP109403: Trash Dumping

Have volunteers remove 3 truckloads of tires.

City of Bowie 7 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Saddlebrook Branch

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

RAIN GARDENS: at Rockledge Elementary and Samuel Ogle Middle School TURF REMOVAL AREAS: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#3 Parcel A, Block 217 and Parcel D in the Whitehall neighborhood.

City of Bowie 8 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Overbrook Branch (Trib 2)

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Pipe Outfalls: 18 # of Fish Barriers: 0 # of Erosion Sites: 0 # of Inadequate Buffers: 0 # of Unusual Conditions: 2 # of Channel Alterations: 0 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 0 # of Exposed Pipes: 1 TOTAL 21

City of Bowie 9 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Overbrook Branch

Neighborhoods: Chapel Forge and Overbrook Schools: Yorktown Elementary, Chapel Forge Special Education School, and Samuel Ogle Middle School Parks: Yorktown Community Park, Samuel Ogle Neighborhood Park Other: Former Bowie Levitt-built Sewage Treatment Plant

City of Bowie 10 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Overbrook Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS UP204201: Pipe Outfall

Add rock below the 36” Concrete pipe on right bank. Identify source of clear discharge. WRAS UP201201: Exposed Pipe

Correct 32” metal sewage manhole. Cover with appropriate material as necessary. WRAS UP200203: Inadequate Buffer

Afforest 400 feet on the left bank and 1700 feet on the right bank. WRAS UP205401: Unusual Condition

Correct sewage smell and discharge as well as major erosion from channelization. WRAS UP204202: Channel Alteration

Correct 250 feet of concrete channel with no sedimentation. WRAS UP203201: Fish Barrier

Correct 10” dam.

City of Bowie 11 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Overbrook Branch

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

RAIN GARDENS: at Yorktown Elementary, Chapel Forge Special Education School and Samuel Ogle Middle School TURF REMOVAL AREAS: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#12 Parcel F in the Overbrook neighborhood and the areas of the FMSI#13 Former Bowie Levitt-built Sewage Treatment Plant adjacent to streams. CHANNELIZATION: Inspect and correct Channel in FMSI#12 Parcel F in the Overbrook neighborhood as needed.

City of Bowie 12 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Millstream Branch (Trib 3)

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Pipe Outfalls: 52 # of Fish Barriers: 0 # of Erosion Sites: 4 # of Inadequate Buffers: 3 # of Unusual Conditions: 3 # of Channel Alterations: 0 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 1 # of Exposed Pipes: 4 TOTAL 67

City of Bowie 13 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Millstream Branch

Neighborhoods: Glenridge, Sumner Chase, Meadowbrook, Tulip Grove, Victoria Heights, Belair Town, Yorktown, Idlewild Schools: St. Pius X Catholic School, Bowie High School Parks: Meadowbrook Park, Archer Park Commercial Areas: Bowie Plaza, Free State Mall,

The Market Place, Hilltop Plaza Other: Bowie Wastewater Treatment Plant

Major Pollutant: Sediment. Major Sources of pollution: Non-point. Erosion from construction, storm water runoff carrying lawn chemicals such as excess fertilizer, and pet waste runoff from lawns. Increased amount of runoff causes water to flow at a faster rate, which erodes stream banks and increases sediment in the water. Major Findings: Has large amounts of impervious surface areas that could be redeveloped with LID technology. Has one of the highest numbers of outfalls per square mile of all the subwatersheds in Bowie. Recommendations: Stormwater management retrofits, sedimentation and erosion control measures and locating and eliminating illicit discharges should be of the highest priority. Application of LID technology should be a priority. Fish barriers, channel alterations, and inadequate buffers are of a lower priority. WRAS Priorities: Pipe Outfalls and Erosion.

City of Bowie 14 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Millstream Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS UP305402: Pipe Outfall

Add rock below the 12” Concrete pipe on the right bank. Identify source of clear discharge. WRAS UP308403: Erosion

Correct 2000 feet of downcutting due to channel alteration. Correct inadequate lawn buffer on right bank and paved area on left bank. DPW 05-07 6: Unusual Condition

WRAS UP314203: Exposed Pipe

Correct 36” metal sewage manhole. Cover with appropriate material as necessary. WRAS UP322204: Trash Dumping

Have volunteers remove 1 truckload of floatables.

City of Bowie 15 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Millstream Branch

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

RAIN GARDENS: at St. Pius X Catholic School, Bowie High School TURF REMOVAL AREAS: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#18 Parcels A and B in the South Meadowbrook neighborhood, FMSI#19 Parcels A behind Free State Mall and the stormwater management parcels at FMSI#21 Cresthill Baptist Church and FMSI#22 Galaxy Lane. BUFFER AFFORESTATION: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#15 Parcels A and B in the Idlewild neighborhood, FMSI#17 Parcels A and B in the North Meadowbrook neighborhood, and the areas of the FMSI#14 Bowie Wastewater Treatment Plant adjacent to streams. BIO-RETENTION AREAS: in commercial parking lots such as Bowie Plaza, Free State Mall, The Market Place and Hilltop Plaza.

City of Bowie 16 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: White Marsh Branch

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Pipe Outfalls: 11 # of Fish Barriers: 7 # of Erosion Sites: 6 # of Inadequate Buffers: 2 # of Unusual Conditions: 2 # of Channel Alterations: 2 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 1 # of Exposed Pipes: 2 TOTAL 33

City of Bowie 17 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: White Marsh Branch

Neighborhoods: Forest Hills, Bowie Forest, Somerset, Buckingham Schools: Bowie High School Annex Parks: White Marsh Park, Buckingham Park, Somerset Park Commercial Areas: The Market Place Other: Somerset Condominiums

Major Pollutant: Fecal coliform, sediment, excess nutrients. Highest nitrogen and second highest orthophosphate concentrations of any of the subwatersheds. Major Sources of pollution: Non-point. Erosion from construction, storm water runoff carrying lawn chemicals such as excess fertilizer, and pet waste runoff from lawns. Increased amount of runoff causes water to flow at a faster rate, which erodes stream banks and increases sediment in the water. Major Findings: Number of pipe outfalls is not conspicuously high. Non-point sources may play a proportionately larger role in nutrient enrichment in this subwatershed. Recommendations: Expanding vegetative buffers would mitigate the effects of non-point nutrient discharges. WRAS Priorities: Inadequate Buffers, Erosion, and Pipe Outfalls.

City of Bowie 18 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: White Marsh Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS UP405301: Inadequate Buffer

Afforest 400 feet on the left bank and 1700 feet on the right bank. WRAS UP407302: Erosion

Correct 500 feet of downcutting due to land use change. WRAS UP404301: Pipe Outfall

Add rock below the 36” corrugated metal pipe at the head of the stream. Identify source of clear discharge. DPW 05-07 5: Unusual Condition

WRAS UP404308: Channel Alteration

Correct 1100 feet of earth channel. WRAS UP404303: Trash Dumping

Have volunteers remove 10 truckloads of yard waste. WRAS UP404305: Fish Barrier Correct 48” dam.

City of Bowie 19 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: White Marsh Branch

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

RAIN GARDENS: at Bowie High School Annex. TURF REMOVAL AREAS: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#31 Parcel C in the Bowie Forest neighborhood. BUFFER AFFORESTATION: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#34 Parcel C, Block 33 and Parcel B in the Buckingham neighborhood. BIO-RETENTION AREAS: in parking lots such as The Market Place and Somerset Condominiums.

City of Bowie 20 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: MSTC Branch (Trib 4)

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Pipe Outfalls: 5 # of Fish Barriers: 0 # of Erosion Sites: 4 # of Inadequate Buffers: 0 # of Unusual Conditions: 3 # of Channel Alterations: 0 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 0 # of Exposed Pipes: 1 TOTAL 13

City of Bowie 21 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: MSTC Branch

Neighborhoods: Buckingham, Kenilworth, Derbyshire, MSTC Schools: Kenilworth Elementary School Parks: Belair Meadows Park, MSTC Pond Park Other: Nash Woods

Major Pollutant: Sediment. Major Sources of pollution: Non-point. Erosion from construction, storm water runoff carrying lawn chemicals such as excess fertilizer, and pet waste runoff from lawns. Increased amount of runoff causes water to flow at a faster rate, which erodes stream banks and increases sediment in the water. Major Findings: Has large amounts of impervious surface areas that could be redeveloped with LID technology. Has highest amounts of eroding streambanks of any subwatershed in the City. Recommendations: Stormwater management retrofits, sedimentation and erosion control measures and locating and eliminating illicit discharges should be of the highest priority. Application of LID technology should be a priority. Fish barriers, channel alterations, and inadequate buffers are of a lower priority. WRAS Priorities: Erosion and Pipe Outfalls.

City of Bowie 22 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: MSTC Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS UP508403: Erosion

Correct 3500 feet of headcutting below road crossing. WRAS UP505405: Pipe Outfall

Add rock below the 12” concrete pipe on the left bank. Identify source of oily, brown discharge. WRAS UP504403: Unusual Condition

Piped stream with perennial flow for 600 feet. WRAS UP508401: Exposed Pipe

Correct 12” smooth, metal sewage pipe along stream bank. Cover with appropriate material as necessary.

City of Bowie 23 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: MSTC Branch

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

RAIN GARDENS: at Kenilworth Elementary School. TURF REMOVAL AREAS: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#46 Parcels A and B located between Kinderbrook Lane and the Nash Woods, Parcel G adjacent to Belair Drive and Parcel B adjacent to Beechtree Lane. BUFFER AFFORESTATION: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#45 Belair Meadows Park adjacent to the stream and at FMSI#48 MSTC Pond Park.

City of Bowie 24 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Green Branch

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Pipe Outfalls: 13 # of Fish Barriers: 0 # of Erosion Sites: 2 # of Inadequate Buffers: 0 # of Unusual Conditions: 2 # of Channel Alterations: 0 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 0 # of Exposed Pipes: 4 TOTAL 21

City of Bowie 25 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Green Branch

Neighborhoods: Heather Hills, Ensleigh, Essington, Easthaven, Heather Ridge, Palisades, Pin Oak Village, Covington Manor, Governors Green, Longleaf Schools: Heather Hills Elementary School Parks: Heather Hills Park, Pin Oak Village Park, Patuxent River Park

Commercial Areas: Bowie Gateway Center Other: Prince George’s Stadium

Major Pollutant: Sediment. Major Sources of pollution: Non-point. Erosion from construction, storm water runoff carrying lawn chemicals such as excess fertilizer, and pet waste runoff from lawns. Increased amount of runoff causes water to flow at a faster rate, which erodes stream banks and increases sediment in the water. Major Findings: Has large amounts of impervious surface areas that could be redeveloped with LID technology. Has one of the highest numbers of pipe outfalls per square mile of all the subwatersheds in the City. Recommendations: Stormwater management retrofits, sedimentation and erosion control measures and locating and eliminating illicit discharges should be of the highest priority. Application of LID technology should be a priority. Fish barriers, channel alterations, and inadequate buffers are of a lower priority. WRAS Priorities: Outfalls, Impervious Surface/LID, and Erosion.

City of Bowie 26 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Green Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS UP616408: Pipe Outfall

Add rock below the 36” concrete pipe on right bank. Identify source of oily, medium brown discharge. Site ID BORD: Impervious Surface

WRAS UP616402: Erosion

Correct 3800 feet of widening below road crossing. Correct inadequate lawn buffer on right and left banks. WRAS UP604405: Unusual Condition

Piped stream with perennial flow for 700 feet. WRAS UP607203: Exposed Pipe

Correct 24” metal sewage manhole. Cover with appropriate material as necessary.

City of Bowie 27 Watershed Challenges

Poor Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Green Branch

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

RAIN GARDENS: at Heather Hills Elementary School. TURF REMOVAL AREAS: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#51 Block 189 located in the Heather Hills neighborhood. BUFFER AFFORESTATION: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#50 Bowie Gateway SWM pond and the bottom portion of FMSI#58 Parcel 64 in Pin Oak Village, and the FMSI#59 SWM swales (Parcels B, I and J).

City of Bowie 28 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Mill Branch

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Pipe Outfalls: 15 # of Fish Barriers: 9 # of Erosion Sites: 8 # of Inadequate Buffers: 8 # of Unusual Conditions: 5 # of Channel Alterations: 6 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 2 # of Exposed Pipes: 2 TOTAL 55

City of Bowie 29 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Mill Branch

Neighborhoods: Evergreen, The Willows, Evergreen Estates, St. James Place, Enfield Chase, Covington, Archstone at Bowie Town Center, Glen Allen, Oaktree, Lake Village Manor, Amber Meadows, Pointer Ridge Schools: future South Bowie High School Parks: Woodland Lake Park, Glen Allen Park, Mitchellville Soccer Park, Oaktree Neighborhood Park, Blacksox Park Commercial Areas: Bowie Town Center, Collington Plaza

Major Pollutant: Sediment, excess nutrients Major Sources of pollution: Non-point. Erosion from construction, storm water runoff carrying lawn chemicals such as excess fertilizer, and pet waste runoff from lawns. Increased amount of runoff causes water to flow at a faster rate, which erodes stream banks and increases sediment in the water. Major Findings: None. Recommendations: Preservation of land with natural cover should be highest priority. Target expansion of stream buffers where possible. Addressing pipe outfalls would be another high priority. WRAS Priorities: Inadequate Buffers, Erosion, and Pipe Outfalls.

City of Bowie 30 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Mill Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS UP704302: Inadequate Buffer

Afforest 2400 feet of lawn buffer on both banks. WRAS UP728102: Erosion

Correct 1200 feet of downcutting. Correct inadequate paved area on both banks. WRAS UP715304: Pipe Outfall

Add rock below the 60” corrugated metal pipe on right bank. Identify source of clear discharge. WRAS UP710302: Channel Alteration

Add random intervals of sediment deposition for 25 feet above and below road crossing near rip-rap. WRAS UP721203: Exposed Pipe

Correct 36” metal sewage manhole. Cover with appropriate material as necessary.

City of Bowie 31 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Upper Patuxent Watershed

Sub-watershed: Mill Branch

WRAS UP715305: Trash Dumping

Have volunteers remove 3 truckloads of yard waste. WRAS UP715305: Fish Barrier

Remove 24” high temporary beaver dam.

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

TURF REMOVAL AREAS: at City-owned sites such FMSI#65 Black Sox Park and FMSI#66 Parcels B-3, B-4, B-8, G and H-1 in the swale areas. BUFFER AFFORESTATION: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#66 Black Sox Swales that have streams running through them.

City of Bowie 32 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Collington Upper Branch

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Pipe Outfalls: 34 # of Fish Barriers: 14 # of Erosion Sites: 0 # of Inadequate Buffers: 7 # of Unusual Conditions: 2 # of Channel Alterations: 3 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 3 # of Exposed Pipes: 0 TOTAL 63

City of Bowie 33 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Collington Upper Branch

Neighborhoods: Highbrige Park, Gallant Fox, Stewart’s Landing, Westview, Long Ridge, Tulip Grove, Foxhill, Kenilworth, Old Stage, Princeton Square, Northview, Enfield Chase, Woodmore Highlands Schools: Tulip Grove Elementary School, Benjamin Tasker Middle School, Kenilworth Elementary School Parks: Heather Hills Park, Collington Branch Stream Valley Park, Foxhill Park, Enfield Chase Park Commercial Areas: Gallant Fox, Bowie Crossing Other: Belair Mansion, City Hall, Bowie Health Center Drive

Major Pollutant: Major Sources of pollution: Non-point. Erosion from construction, storm water runoff carrying lawn chemicals such as excess fertilizer, and pet waste runoff from lawns. Increased amount of runoff causes water to flow at a faster rate, which erodes stream banks and increases sediment in the water. Major Findings: Has high densities of pipe outfalls. Future percent impervious scores are higher than current percent indicating that LID techniques may help offset the future creation of impervious surface areas. Recommendations: Preservation of land with natural cover should be highest priority. Target expansion of stream buffers where possible. Addressing pipe outfalls would be another high priority. WRAS Priorities: Inadequate Buffers and Pipe Outfalls.

City of Bowie 34 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Collington Upper Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS WB312102: Inadequate Buffer

Afforest 1300 feet area of the left bank near the paved area. WRAS WB314213: Pipe Outfall

Add rock below the 8” corrugated metal pipe on left bank. Identify source of clear discharge. WRAS WB325301: Unusual Condition

Investigate large sediment/mud flat area along railroad. WRAS WB313302: Trash Dumping Site

Have volunteers remove 5 loads of existing residential trash from stream. WRAS WB316103: Fish Barrier Remove temporary debris dam. WRAS WB300201: Channel Alteration

Correct rip-rap for 700 feet of perennial stream with sedimentation and no vegetation.

City of Bowie 35 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Collington Upper Branch

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

RAIN GARDENS: at Tulip Grove Elementary School, Benjamin Tasker Middle School, and Kenilworth Elementary School. TURF REMOVAL AREAS: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#36 Block B in the Stewart’s Landing neighborhood; FMSI#37 Block C in the Westview neighborhood; FMSI#38 Block B in the Long Ridge neighborhood; FMSI#43 Parcel B on the corner of Rt. 197 and Kenhill Drive; and FMSI#55Parcel B in the Enfield Chase SWM. INVASIVE REMOVAL AREAS: remove multiflora rose and periwinkle at City-owned sites such as FMSI#38 Block B in the Long Ridge neighborhood. BUFFER AFFORESTATION: at City-owned sites such as the FMSI#44 Kenilworth swales, particularly on Kavanaugh Lane.

City of Bowie 36 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Collington Middle Branch

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Pipe Outfalls: 11 # of Fish Barriers: 15 # of Erosion Sites: 1 # of Inadequate Buffers: 2 # of Unusual Conditions: 1 # of Channel Alterations: 0 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 5 # of Exposed Pipes: 1 TOTAL 36

City of Bowie 37 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Collington Middle Branch

Neighborhoods: Evergreen Estates, Enfield Chase, Northview, Oak Pond, Ashleigh, Tall Oaks Crossing, Pointer Ridge, Ridgeview Estates, Grovehurst, Devonshire Estates Schools: Northview Elementary School, C E Reig Special Center School, Pointer Ridge Elementary Parks: Allen Pond Park, Collington Branch Stream Valley Park, Bowie Dog Park, Enfield Chase Linear Park, Church Road Park Commercial Areas: Pointer Ridge Plaza

Other: Bowie Ice Arena

Major Pollutant: Lowest nitrate and orthophosphate loads of any subwatershed in Bowie. Major Sources of pollution: Non-point. Erosion from construction, storm water runoff carrying lawn chemicals such as excess fertilizer, and pet waste runoff from lawns. Increased amount of runoff causes water to flow at a faster rate, which erodes stream banks and increases sediment in the water. Major Findings: High densities of pipe outfalls. Future percent impervious scores are higher than current percent indicating that LID techniques may help offset the future creation of impervious surface areas. Recommendations: Preservation of land with natural cover should be highest priority. Target expansion of stream buffers where possible. Addressing pipe outfalls would be another high priority. Minimization of new SWM facilities and preservation/expansion of stream buffers will help maintain low nutrient levels. WRAS Priorities: Inadequate Buffers, Pipe Outfalls and Erosion.

City of Bowie 38 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Collington Middle Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS WB330305: Inadequate Buffer

Afforest 700 feet of lawn buffer on both banks. WRAS WB344404: Pipe Outfall

Add rock below the 16” concrete pipe at head of stream. Identify source of yellow brown, oily discharge. WRAS WB340402: Erosion

Correct 3300 feet of erosion due to land use change. Remove multiflora rose on left bank. WRAS WB334301: Unusual Condition

Underground stream. WRAS WB334404: Exposed Pipe Correct 10-foot long 8” smooth metal pipe above the stream. Cover with appropriate material as necessary. WRAS WB334403: Trash Dumping

Have volunteers remove 3 loads of floatables. WRAS WB331304: Fish Barrier

Correct 24” high weir.

City of Bowie 39 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Collington Middle Branch

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

RAIN GARDENS: at Northview and Pointer Ridge Elementary Schools and C E Reig Special Center School. TURF REMOVAL AREAS: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#62 Enfield Chase Linear Park. INVASIVE REMOVAL AREAS: remove multiflora rose at City-owned sites such as FMSI#67 Church Road Park. BUFFER AFFORESTATION: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#61 Allen Pond Park.

City of Bowie 40 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Collington Lower Branch

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Pipe Outfalls: 17 # of Fish Barriers: 7 # of Erosion Sites: 3 # of Inadequate Buffers: 5 # of Unusual Conditions: 0 # of Channel Alterations: 0 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 2 # of Exposed Pipes: 1 TOTAL 35

City of Bowie 41 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Collington Lower Branch

Neighborhoods: Pointer Ridge, Ridgeview Estates, Ternberry, Devonshire Estates, Collington Station Schools: Pointer Ridge Elementary School Parks: Collington Branch Stream Valley Park, Pointer Ridge Park South Other: Hall Road Library Site

Major Pollutant: Major Sources of pollution: Non-point. Erosion from construction, storm water runoff carrying lawn chemicals such as excess fertilizer, and pet waste runoff from lawns. Increased amount of runoff causes water to flow at a faster rate, which erodes stream banks and increases sediment in the water. Major Findings: High densities of pipe outfalls. Future percent impervious scores are higher than current percent indicating that LID techniques may help offset the future creation of impervious surface areas. Recommendations: Preservation of land with natural cover should be highest priority. Target expansion of stream buffers where possible. Addressing pipe outfalls would be another high priority. Stabilize eroding banks. WRAS Priorities: Inadequate Buffers, Erosion, and Pipe Outfalls.

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

RAIN GARDENS: at Pointer Ridge Elementary School.

City of Bowie 42 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Collington Lower Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS WB356203: Inadequate Buffer

Afforest 2000 feet of lawn buffer on both banks. WRAS WB355201: Pipe Outfall

Add rock below the 24” concrete pipe on right bank. Identify source of clear discharge. WRAS WB351305: Erosion

Correct 3300 feet of widening below road crossing. Correct inadequate paved buffer area on right bank. WRAS WB356207: Exposed Pipe

Correct 6-foot 1.5” smooth metal pipe above stream. Cover with appropriate material as necessary. WRAS WB356211: Trash Dumping

Remove 4 dumptrucks full of residential trash. WRAS WB351302: Fish Barrier

36” high natural falls.

City of Bowie 43 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Black Branch

3.4 DU/Acre (net)

Subwatershed Information:

Environmental Challenges:

# of Pipe Outfalls: 0 # of Fish Barriers: 1 # of Erosion Sites: 0 # of Inadequate Buffers: 0 # of Unusual Conditions: 0 # of Channel Alterations: 0 # of Trash Dumping Sites: 0 # of Exposed Pipes: 1 TOTAL 2

City of Bowie 44 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Black Branch

Neighborhoods: Collington Manor Schools: None Parks: None

Major Pollutant: Highest orthophosphate and second-highest nitrogen levels of any subwatershed. Major Sources of pollution: Non-point. Erosion from construction, storm water runoff carrying lawn chemicals such as excess fertilizer, and pet waste runoff from lawns. Increased amount of runoff causes water to flow at a faster rate, which erodes stream banks and increases sediment in the water. Major Findings: Number of pipe outfalls is not conspicuously high. Non-point sources may play a proportionately larger role in nutrient enrichment in this subwatershed. Recommendations: Expanding vegetative buffers would mitigate the effects of non-point nutrient discharges. Preservation of land with natural cover should be highest priority. Target expansion of stream buffers where possible. Addressing pipe outfalls would be another high priority. Stabilize eroding banks. WRAS Priorities: None

OTHER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS:

AFFORESTATION: at City-owned sites such as FMSI#68 Parcels D and E on Central Avenue.

City of Bowie 45 Watershed Challenges

Fair Rating Western Branch Watershed

Sub-watershed: Black Branch

POSSIBLE PROJECTS:

WRAS WB354402: Exposed Pipe

Correct 2-foot long 1.5” smooth metal pipe above the stream. Cover with appropriate material as necessary. WRAS WB354401: Fish Barrier

24” high road crossing.

City of Bowie 46 Watershed Challenges Appendix D

City of Bowie Performance Measurement System for the Environmental Infrastructure Action Strategy Plan

City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

Waste Recycling Management Objectives

Increase the (1) Improves Change in City of City of Bowie: 1. Tonnage of material √ Tonnage of tonnage of air quality in tonnage of land Bowie Public Works, land filled in 2007 was material land recyclables Bowie; (2) filled material. IT 28,400 tons. filled from the current Saves the 24% to 35% by City money 2012 on the cost of land filling,

(1) Improves Change in City of City of Bowie: 1. Tonnage of material √ Tonnage of air quality in tonnage of Bowie Public Works, recycled in 2007 was 9,400 material Bowie; (2) recyclable IT, Front Desk tons. recycled Increases materials. annually revenue received for City of Bowie: Number of recycled Front Desk, IT recycling waste. containers distributed

City of Bowie: Progress of City Poster Manager’s Campaign Public Information Number of Office brochures distributed

Hits to City Recycling Website

1 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

Increase the (1) Improves Change in City of City of Bowie: 1. Current tonnage of yard √ Tonnage of tonnage of air quality in tonnage of yard Bowie Public Works, waste recycled in 2006 was yard waste grass recycling Bowie; (2) waste recycled IT 3,407 tons. collected. by 10% by Saves the 2012. City money on the cost of Increase the land filling. Number of City of $25 City of Bowie: 1. Number of rebates Number of number of rebates for Bowie rebates Finance distributed by Finance in rebates rebates given mulching City of 2007 was 18. distributed by by the City to mowers. Bowie 2. Number of rebates Finance residents using distributed by Finance in mulching 2006 was 60. lawnmowers from 30 to 60 City of Bowie: 1. Advertised in City Number of per year or City Newsletter in 2006, but not times rebates more by 2012. Manager’s in 2007. advertised Public annually Information Office

2 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

Surface Water Stream Team Protection Objectives

Establish a (1) Improves 1. Number of City of City of Bowie: 1. 1. City of Bowie √ Number of minimum of 5 water quality volunteers Bowie Community staff created sub- sub-watershed active stream and habitat participating in Outreach watershed forms forms teams in Bowie conditions in stream teams. Committee, with inventory distributed or by 2012. City streams; 2. Number of Planning and and maps based downloaded (2) Engages stream teams Public Works on Consultant from website, City formed. project list. residents, Number of businesses registered and volunteers, institutions in restoring and Number of protecting times City sub- advertised watersheds. annually,

Number of public presentations,

Hits to City Stream Team website

3 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

Have at least 6 1. Number of City of City of Bowie: Number of trained volunteers with Bowie; Planning, volunteers volunteers in formal training MDNR Public Works attending each sub- in stream team MDNR watershed by restoration training 2012. 2. Number of workshops stream teams with trained volunteers.

Complete Tonnage of trash City of $6,000 City of Bowie: Number of investigations removed from Bowie Public Works gloves and of 27 trash streams. bags dumping sites distributed by March 2008. annually,

Tonnage of trash removed from streams

4 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

Rain Barrel Objectives

Install 150 rain (1) Improves Number of lots City of $40 a City of Bowie: Number of barrels by 2012. water quality with rain barrels Bowie barrel Planning, IT, rain barrels and habitat installed. Public Works, distributed, conditions in Community streams; (2) Services Number of Restores flow attendees at patterns in public streams to workshops mimic natural flows to the Hits to City extent Rain Barrel possible. website info.

5 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

Alternative Means of Stormwater Management Objectives

Encourage Restores flow Reduction in City of City of Bowie: three (3) patterns in flow patterns in Bowie Planning, IT Square footage stormwater streams to streams of eco-roofs, management mimic natural measured by green parking retrofits by flows to the stream gage. lots, and rain 2012. extent gardens possible. created annually, Encourage City of City of Bowie: installation of Bowie Planning, IT Square footage five (5) green of impervious roofs by 2012. surface area removed annually,

Number of Install a stream Grant City of Bowie: pipe outfalls gage in at least Funding Planning, retrofitted with 1 stream to Public Works infiltration measure water devices, flow by 2012. Number of attendees on rain garden tours

6 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

NPDES Objectives

Investigate 213 (1) Complies Number of (1) City of City of Bowie: Number of pipe outfall with NPDES pipe outfalls, (2) Bowie Public Works, mitigated illicit sites, 37 permit unusual IT discharge sites unusual requirement; conditions, (3) per sub- conditions, 21 (2) Improves exposed pipes, watershed, exposed pipes, water quality; (4) DPW/ERM and 13 (3) Improves fieldwork sites Results of DPW/ERM staff investigated, water quality fieldwork 5/07 awareness characterized, test kits, sites by 2012. and corrected or taken action. Progress of poster campaign Begin water Nitrate quality concentrations sampling at below 0.3 mg/L specific and locations in orthophosphate each sub- concentrations watershed by below 0.01 2010. mg/L.

By the year Improves Grant 2012, install at staff funding least 1 awareness continuous stream monitor in a subwatershed by 2012.

7 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

WRAS Objectives

By 2012, make (1) Improves 1. Number of City of City of Bowie: Number of (1) one (1) stream water quality streams Bowie Stream Teams, inadequate habitable by a and habitat habitable by a Public Works, buffers, (2) fish population. conditions in fish population. City erosion sites, streams, (2) 2. Change in Manager’s (3) channel Increases length of stream Public Info. alterations, (4) public banks with Office trash dump Complete awareness eroding banks. sites, (5) fish investigations barriers of 35 investigated, inadequate characterized, buffer sites by ad corrected or Dec. 2009. taken action,

Begin testing Length of family-level stream bank benthic index of with eroding biotic integrity banks, by 2009. Progress of poster Complete campaign investigations of 21 channel alteration sites by Dec. 2009.

8 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

Complete investigations of 78 fish barriers by Dec. 2009.

Establish new baseline of stream bank length with eroding banks by June 2008.

9 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

Urban Forest Urban Forest Management Objectives

Strive for 40% (1) Improves 1. Increase in City of City of Bowie: Satellite canopy air quality; the % of tree Bowie Community imagery of coverage in 20 (2) Improves canopy coverage Services, IT, urban canopy years. water quality, in the City, Planning coverage in the (3) Reduces 2. Increase in City expenditures amount of on cooling oxygen produced Number of tree costs by new trees vouchers disseminated,

Number of attendees at public workshops,

Number of trees planted and removed on city property,

Progress of poster campaign

10 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

Street Tree Objectives

Plant a (1) Improves Number of street City of City of Bowie: Number of minimum of air quality; trees in the City Bowie; Community street trees 150 street trees (2) Improves increases Grant Services planted and annually water quality, funding removed through 2012. (3) Reduces the heat island affect

Forest Mitigation Sites Objectives

Afforest 20 (1) Improves 1. Increase in the City of Approx. City of Bowie: Number of acres by 2012. air quality; % of tree canopy Bowie; $16,800 Community acres (2) Improves coverage in the Private per acre Services, afforested in water quality; City, develop Planning each sub- (3) Generates 2. Amount of ers watershed revenue from off-site City of off-site mitigation Bowie I-tree afforestation revenue calculation of sites; (4) increases, oxygen Improves 3. Increase in produced by public amount of new trees awareness oxygen produced by new trees, Number of 4. Public Demo. sites in acceptance of the City afforested areas Mitigation revenue

11 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

Environmental Land Restoration, Preservation Preservation, and Objectives Conservation Complete a Increases the Land City of City of Bowie: Land Land amount of Preservation Bowie Planning, Preservation Preservation protected Plan completed Community Plan Plan by open space Services completed 12/31/09. in the City

Backyard Habitat Objectives

Increase the (1) Improves Number of City of City of Bowie: Number of amount of and water quality private property Bowie Community registered stewardship of and habitat owners on a Services, backyard wildlife habitat conditions in City backyard Planning habitat lots in on private the City’s habitat registry the City property by streams; (2) having a Improves Number of minimum of wildlife attendees at 100 lots habitat in the public registered by City; (3) workshops 2012. Increases public awareness Number of brochures distributed

12 City of Bowie Performance Measure Indicator for the Five Year Strategy for Environmental Infrastructure

Goals Objectives Outcomes Outcome Funding Source Responsible Status FY to be Data Source Indicators Entity Completed for Measuring Performance 08 09 10 11 12

Number of awards disseminated for exemplary backyard habitats

Hits to Backyard Habitat website info.

Turf Reduction Objectives

Decrease the (1) Improves 1. Change in City of City of Bowie, Number of acres of grass Number of number of acres water quality number of acres Bowie Planning, mowed in 2006 is 198 acres mowed and habitat of grass mowed Community acres. converted from Citywide by at conditions in by the City, Services, turf to native least 10% by the City’s 2. Approval of a Public Works shrubs, trees, 2012. streams; (2) ‘no mow’ or grasses, Improves policy wildlife Number of habitat in the acres of grass City; (3) mowed, Reduce turf at 7 Increases sites totaling 7 public Number of acres by 2010. awareness, stakeholder (4) Reduces meetings held City expenditure

13 Appendix E

City of Bowie Education, Outreach and Public Involvement Table for the Environmental Infrastructure Action Strategy Plan

Education, Outreach and Public Involvement Table

Perform Do public Update Develop Develop a Produce a Develop Perform Conduct public promotion the brochures Poster State of the an standardized Annual presentation/ through Green Campaign Environment awards stakeholder Tour workshops the Page Report program meetings media, city newsletter and cable channel Stream Team Recycling Backyard Habitats Rain Barrels Urban Forest Management Street Trees Alternative SWM Land Preservation Forest Mitigation Sites NPDES WRAS Turf Reduction

Appendix F

City of Bowie Summary of Testimony for the Public Hearing on the Environmental Infrastructure Action Strategy Plan

SUMMARY OF COMMENTS RECEIVED ON THE BOWIE ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE ACTION STRATEGY PLAN

A. Verbal Comments on August 1st Informational Meeting before City Council

Speaker # Name/Representation Comments/Concerns 1 Gary Allen, resident • Energy, its use, conservation and alternative sources have not been addressed in the plan. Staff Comment: We expect there to be future updates to the plan that will address these issues. • There is a need for continuing citizen input into the implementation of the plan. Staff Comment: The City Council is considering the formation of an environmental advisory committee. 2 Maureen Fine, resident • Invasives negatively affect the flora, fauna, and stream hydrology. They should be addressed in the plan. Staff Comment: The Department of Community Services will remove invasives on city-owned sites when the location of invasives has been identified.

B. Written Comments received as of August 14, 2007

Commu Date Name/Representation Comments/Concerns nication Received # 1 7/26/07 Maria E. Arnold, resident • The City should increase the proposed number of backyard habitats in Bowie from 100 since there are already 43 certified habitats in Bowie according to the National Wildlife Federation. Staff Comment: Staff concurs and will revise EI Plan recommendation from 100 to 150.

1 9/13/2007 SUMMARY OF COMMENTS RECEIVED ON THE BOWIE ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE ACTION STRATEGY PLAN

• The City of Bowie should become a certified habitat. Staff Comment: Staff will investigate this designation in conjunction with developing the program plan and procedures in the Action Plan this year. • There should be tours of the existing 43 certified habitats in Bowie. Staff Comment: When promotional material is developed for backyard habitats, we will consider tours as part of our outreach. • City Hall should serve as a demonstration site for both rain barrels and cisterns, which should be added to the action plan. Staff Comment: We will continue to examine this potential. • The City should sell or give away bare root seedlings each year to encourage expanding the City’s tree canopy. Staff Comment: We will examine this as an option during the implementation of the corresponding Action Plan. • The City should reconsider its ‘no-mow’ policy because invasive plants tend to thrive in these conditions while natives are eaten by deer. ‘No-mow’ areas need to be actively managed to control invasives. Staff Comment: Guidelines will be developed along with the program plan and procedures in the Action Plan. • The City should adopt an invasive plant removal program. There are two dozen or so ‘weed warrior’ programs in the region that the City could emulate. Staff Comment: Same response as above. • (Included pictures of invasives in White Marsh Park.) Staff Comment: Same response as above. 2 8/14/07 Carrie Decker, MDNR • Need more information in the plan regarding the responsibilities that the Stream Teams will be charged with such as planting rain gardens. Staff Comment: Stream Team duties will developed during the

2 9/13/2007 SUMMARY OF COMMENTS RECEIVED ON THE BOWIE ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE ACTION STRATEGY PLAN

program plan and procedures as stated in the Action Plan. • Who will train and maintain the Stream teams or will they become self-sustainable? Staff Comment: City will initially coordinate training of volunteers. Stream Teams may eventually become self-sustaining. • The goal for the number of rain barrels should be higher than 150 in 5 years. Staff Comment: This was a realistic estimate created by the Staff Consultant and the Steering Committee. • Arlington Echo School could do a workshop and provide the rain barrel at a reasonable rate. Staff Comment: We will consider this during implementation of the Action Plan. • Please reword Action Plan 7 to say ‘implement’ 3 retrofit projects by 2012 instead of ‘encourage’ since Environmental Sensitive Design (LID) will be required starting in 2009. Staff Comment: The recommended change will be made. 3 8/14/07 Mike Galvin, MDNR • Recommend increasing tree canopy coverage to 46% as recommended by Goetz et al. Staff Comment: This recommendation will be considered during development of the Urban Forest Management Plan. • Recommend changing the goal to be ‘Attain water quality rating of fair or better …’ Rather than just saying ‘Improve water quality’. Staff Comment: The draft goal will be retained as written since we have not yet determined how to define “fair” at this time. • The plan does not address how will tree canopy coverage be increased on private property. Staff Comment: This subject will be addressed during the development of the Urban Forest Management Plan. • We would like to work with the City to identify “sending” and

3 9/13/2007 SUMMARY OF COMMENTS RECEIVED ON THE BOWIE ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE ACTION STRATEGY PLAN

“receiving” areas for forest mitigation as we are doing in Frederick. Staff Comment: Duly noted.

A. Verbal Comments on September 4th Public Hearing before City Council

Speaker # Name/Representation Comments/Concerns 1 Mary Ellen Winlund, • There should be a specific education plan developed for the children in resident Bowie. Staff Comment: We will consider this during implementation of the education and outreach component of the Action Plan.

4 9/13/2007