Upper Patuxent River Watershed (Victoria, Et Al, 2003)
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Western Branch Watershed Restoration Action Strategy Prince George’s County and the City of Bowie, Maryland Final Report 2004 The City of Bowie Prince George’s County 2614 Kenhill Drive Department of Bowie, MD 20715 Environmental Resources Largo, MD 20774 A Watershed Restoration Action Strategy for the Western Branch Watershed in Prince George’s County and the City of Bowie, Maryland Final Report 2004 Prepared by Prince George’s County, Department of Environmental Resources and the City of Bowie Prepared for Maryland Department of Natural Resources Coastal Zone Management Division Watershed Services Financial assistance provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or any of its sub-agencies. A publication of the Maryland Coastal Zone Management Program, Department of Natural Resources, pursuant to NOAA Award No. NA17OZ1124. WESTERN BRANCH WATERSHED RESTORATION ACTION STRATEGY TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION 5 II. METHODS 7 WATERSHED CHARACTERIZATION............................................................................................... 7 CURRENT CONDITIONS ASSESSMENT........................................................................................... 8 Stream Corridor Assessment .................................................................................................. 8 Synoptic Surveys ................................................................................................................... 12 Water Quality Sampling........................................................................................................ 12 BASIN CONDITION SCORE .......................................................................................................... 16 GREEN BUILDING AND ITS EFFECT ON WATER QUALITY ........................................................... 18 GREEN BUILDING SURVEY......................................................................................................... 21 LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT RETROFIT ASSESSMENT............................................................... 22 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION.............................................................................................................. 24 III. RESULTS 29 WATERSHED CHARACTERIZATION............................................................................................. 29 Land Use and Natural Resources ......................................................................................... 29 Stream Corridor Assessment ................................................................................................ 31 Synoptic Surveys ................................................................................................................... 33 Low Impact Development Retrofit Assessment..................................................................... 53 Public Participation Process ................................................................................................ 59 Basin Condition Score .......................................................................................................... 66 IV. IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY 70 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 70 WATERSHED WIDE PROGRAMS AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT PROGRAMMATIC CHANGES........... 71 Low Impact Development Approach..................................................................................... 72 Green Building Plan .............................................................................................................72 Green Schools ....................................................................................................................... 80 Green Acres Strategy ............................................................................................................81 Migratory Fish...................................................................................................................... 82 River Monitoring Methods- Proposed Pilot Study................................................................ 84 Stream Restoration Mitigation Bank .................................................................................... 84 Western Branch Watershed Association and Friends of the Subwatersheds ....................... 85 PRINCE GEORGE’S COUNTY SUBWATERSHED APPROACH.......................................................... 86 APPENDICES A Basin Condition Scoring Methodology B Green Building Survey C Low Impact Development Assessment Reports D Stream Corridor Assessment Letters E Stream Corridor Assessment Priorities F Grants 4 WESTERN BRANCH WATERSHED RESTORATION ACTION STRATEGY I. INTRODUCTION In 1998, Maryland developed the Clean Water Action Plan (Clean Water Action Plan Technical Workgroup, 1998) to identify and restore watersheds not meeting clean water and other natural resource goals, and to sustain healthy conditions in those watersheds that currently meet these goals. Development of this Plan involved conducting a unified watershed assessment, prioritization for restoration or protection, and developing strategies for restoration or protection. The initial unified watershed assessment classified the Maryland 8-digit watersheds into the following categories: Category 1 – Watersheds not meeting clean water and other natural resource goals and needing restoration; Category 2 – Watersheds currently meeting goals that need preventive actions to sustain water quality and aquatic resources; Category 3 – Pristine or sensitive watersheds that need an extra level of protection; and Category 4 – Insufficient data. As a result of this effort, the Western Branch (Maryland 8-digit watershed 02131104) was classified as a Category 1and 3 watershed in need of restoration and protection. The next step in the Clean Water Action Plan (CWAP) process was to assign restoration priorities to each watershed. Watersheds that failed to meet at least half of their goals (i.e., half of the evaluation indicators had values failing to meet Category 1 benchmarks) were considered Category 1 Priority Watersheds in need of restoration action in the near term (e.g., within 2 years of CWAP publication). The Western Branch Watershed did not fail any of the water quality evaluation indicators but received a Category I Priority for restoration based on the presence of a TMDL (Total Maximum Daily Load) in the watershed. Restoration watershed indicators that failed were four Aquatic Living Resources indictors (Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) Abundance, SAV Habitat, Nontidal Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) and Nontidal Instream Habitat) and three landscape parameters (Percent Impervious Surface, Population Density and Soil Erodibility). There were two protection indicators (Imperiled Aquatic Species and Wildland Acres) that also make this watershed a Category 3. The final component in the CWAP is the development of Watershed Restoration Action Strategies (WRAS) for watersheds in need of restoration or protection. A WRAS is a comprehensive restoration strategy that addresses all aspects of watershed condition and water quality. The WRAS is led by the local government, in partnership with the State, and encourages public participation in the strategy development and implementation. In 2003, Prince George’s County and the City of Bowie entered into a cooperative agreement with Maryland Department of Natural Resources, to develop WRAS for the Western Branch. The cooperative agreement provided the County and the City with an avenue to apply for and receive grant monies to assist in watershed assessment and planning, receive technical assistance from Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR), and develop the watershed restoration action strategy. The Western Branch Watershed encompasses 71,500 acres (112 square miles) and lies entirely within the Maryland’s Coastal Plain. Within the study area, 5% (3,730 acres) of the watershed is located within the City of Bowie and 95% (67,770 acres) within Prince George’s County. 5 WESTERN BRANCH WATERSHED RESTORATION ACTION STRATEGY According to the Maryland Department of Planning Land Use data, Western Branch has 19,949 urban acres (34%), 15,281 agricultural acres (26%), 23, 006 forested acres (39%), 58 Wetland acres (0%) and 1,115 barren acres (1%) for a total of 59,409 non-water acres. Western Branch continues to experience significant development pressures and is within the County’s developing tier. Both innovative stormwater management and green building practices combined with aggressive conservation and protection measures are necessary to restore and protect the natural resources of Western Branch. The overarching goal of the Western Branch WRAS is to minimize water quality impacts to the river and its’ tributaries from land use changes. To accomplish this goal, action items were developed based on a review of historic and current natural resources and water quality conditions, as well as through watershed stakeholder input. In the conduct of this WRAS, Prince George’s County and the City of Bowie worked closely with State staff to collect existing information and develop a watershed characterization, and to field assess current watershed and water quality conditions. Additionally, the WRAS Partners (Prince George’s County,